desirous to imbarke the Emperour D. Alphonso League betwixt the King of Castille and Prince of Arragon against the King of Nauarre his brother in law in this warre came vnto him to Carrion where hee renewed the oth of fealty doing him homage for the country of Arragon where he did insinuaâ—e so well into his fauour as hee got out of his hands the townes of Sarragosse Tarassone Calataiub and Daroca which were held by the Castillans Afterwards D. Raymond Berenger returned againe to D. Alphonsos court at Carrion whereas the conditions and Articles were concluded and set downe concerning the warre which they should make in common against D. Garcia King of Nauarre Amongst the which they diuided the Beares skinne before hee was taken agreeing that of all the country of Nauarre which they should conquer the Emperour D. Alphonso should haue a third part and the other two should belong vnto D. Raymond Prince of Arragon vpon condition to hold them in fee of the realme of Castille At this treaty there were present the Bishops Berenger of Salamanca and D. Pedro of Burgos with other Noblemen both Clergy and Secular From Carrion they went to Soria where after they had held a councell of prophane things they had a great care of religion that is to say of the temporall reuenues of the Church wherefore the King and Queene did giue vnto the Monastery of Saint Mary of Valbanera a house in Canegosa with certaine immunities to the end that if any thing were attempted vniustly to the ruine of an other this sinne might by that meanes be purged The army of Castille beeing ready to march Nauarre the Emperour D. Alphonso past vnto the frontier of Nauarre by the riuer of Ebro marching along the which hee came to Calaorra where hee was met by D. Sancho Bishop of Calaorra D. Stephen Prior of Saint Mary the royall of Nagera D. Michel Bishop of Tarassone with the Earle D. Ladron of Gueuara and others who imployed themselues happely to appease the ambition of this Prince Peace betwixt Nauarre and Castille and to conuert the warre into a good peace the which was concluded by an enterview of the two Kings of Castille and Nauarre betwixt Calaorra and Alfaro to confirme the which there was a marriage concluded betwixt the Infant D. Sancho the eldest sonne of Castille and D. Blanche daughter to D. Garcia King of Nauarre in the yeere of our Lord 1140. and promises made by words de futuro by reason of the tender age of the Infanta who was deliuered vnto D. Alphonso her father in law to bee bred vp in Castille vntil shee were capable for the consummation of the marriage 14. This was a second crosse to the designes of the new Prince of Arragon who was at the same time in quarrel with the knights of the Temple Arragon and Cattelogâ—e or Barcelon and the Hospitaliers of Saint Iohn of Ierusalem which pretended the luccession of the realme of Arragon by vertue of the Testament of the deceased King D. Alphonso the Warrior by the which they were made heires Raymond Maister of the hospitaliers was come into Spaine to that end who seeing it very difficult to challendge their right by armes and that to pursue it by Iustice besides the rediousnesse the euent would be vncertaine and the execution very hard hee sought to make an accord and compounded with D. Raymond Berenger quitting vnto him that part which did belong vnto the Hospital vpon condition that if he died without children lawfully begotten it should returne to the same religion Besides hee receiued many benificâ—s and charitable guifts for the sayd religion in those places which the Earle did then enjoy with promise of a large portion of all which hee should conquer from the Moores According to this accord the Templers â—urceased their action so as after that time those two Orders got great reuenues in Arragon Cattelogne and Valencia In the transaction which was made betwixt D. Raymond Berenger and the Templers for the Prince there assisted the Bishops of Saragosse and Huesca with the Archbishop of Tarragone and moreouer Arnâ—â—ld Earle of Pallars Bernard of Comminges Peter of Bigorre and other Noblemen and knights of Arragon Cattelogne and others and for the Templers Euerard Ostan of Saint Ordogno Hugo Borraâ—o Pedro Anticho and Bernard Riginol This accord was confirmed by Pope Adrian the fourth D. Garcia Ramires King of Nauarre Nauarre beeing by meanes of a peace made with D. Alphonso Emperor of Spaine freed from a great danger he stood very carefully vpon his gard in respect of D. Raymond Berenger who prest him towards Arragon finding himselfe strong ynough to resist him for notwithstanding that the Earle was a wife and valiant knight yet the King Garcia was nothing inferiour vnto him in vertue greatnesse of courrage knowledge and discipline in warre and was also well assisted with good and wise Knights amongst the which hee was faithfully serued by D. Sancho de Rosas Bishop of Pampelone newly reconciled the Earle D. Ladron of Gueuara Lord in Ayauar William Aznares Lord in Sanguesse Ximen Aznares Lord in Tafalle Ramir Garcia Lord in the towne of Saint Mary of Vxue Martin de Leet Lord of Gallipienço Peralta Peter Tizon Lord in Cadreyta Rodrigo of Açagra Lord in Estella Roderigo Abarco Lord in Funes and Valtiera lean Dia Lord in Cascant Ramer Sanches Lord in Maragnon they were Gouernors or Captaines in these places many others as well of his owne country as of France Hee kept in fronter places well manded like a prouident Prince as the fort of Tudele which came vnto him by marriage as we will shew Bureta and Sos. Hee had put a valiant captaine into the fort of Malon called Gerard the Diuell into that of Frescano an other captaine a stranger called Robert of Mâ—talon and so in the rest which frontered vpon Arragon Moreouer hee had practised a league with France first with Lewis the sixth surnamed the Grosse and then with Lewis the seuenth called the young who assisted him with their forces and fortified his army when as the Emperour D. Alphonso presented himselfe first betwixt Cortes and Galur and then in the second expedition of Calaorra where the peace was concluded and confirmed by the marriage of D. Sancho Infant of Castille with D. Blanche Infanta of Nauarre whom the King D. Garcia had had by D. Marguerite his wife daughter to Rotron Earle of Perche who had brought vnto him the towne of Tudele for her dourie Genealegy of Nauarre the which Count Rotron had obtained from King D. Alphonso the warrior for his valour and good deserts The King D. Garcia Ramires had many other children by this Ladie D. Sancho who was King after him D. Alphonso Ramires Lord of Castro Vieijo D. Marguerite who was Queene of Naples and Sicile married to William sonne to Roger father and mother to an other William King of Naples and Sicile Queene Marguerite
that hee had sent victuals vnto the campe before Capilla were rebelled against him and had forced him to flie to the castle of Almodauat del Rio whereas thinking to enter he was preuented and slaine by two Moores who had carried his head to Aben Lalle Traytors iustly punished King of Seuille These murtherers thinking to haue done an act very pleasing to this Moorish King and expecting some good recompence were deceiued for the King of Seuile caused both their heads to bee cut off and cast vnto the dogges This happened in the yeere 1227. An. 1227. at that time died Lewis the eight the French King father to Saint Lewis and husband to the Queene D. Blanche of Castille This Lady by the will of the King her husband was left Regent of the realme of France during the minority of the King her sonne who was but twelue yeeres old wherewith many Noblemen of France being discontented banded against her to dispossesse her of the gouernment thinking it vnworthy the name of the French and ominous for their Estate to be gouerned by a woman especially a stranger The chiefe of the conspirators were Philip Earle of Bologne the Kings vncle Peter Duke of Brittan Hugh de la March Robert d' Eureux Raymond Troubles in France for the Gouernment of Tolousa and Thybauld of Champagne who was King of Nauarre but the Queene who it may bee found they had more regard to their priuate interests then to the publike good resisted them courragiously beeing supported by other Noblemen of France so as from words they fell to armes Vpon this occasion the King D. Fernand was sollicited to succor the Queene D. Blanche his aunt against the Rebels whereof he excused himselfe although hee seemed to be much greeued for her distresse But hee was then so ingaged in warre against the Moore as it was impossible for him to deuide his forces but you must obserue that by the right of succession the realme of Castille did belong vnto her the which D. Fernand did hold so as there was little loue betwixt them Afterwards all succeeded to the Queenes desire in France who made frustrate her enemies deseignes as the French Histories report gouerning the realme and breeding vp her sonne vnder the discipline of the religious of Saint Dominike and St. Francis who were then in great credit The King of Baeça being slaine as we haue sayd new difficulties did arrise for the King of Castille for the Moores of Baeça being aduertised thereof Baesa Castle besieged by the Moores they presently put themselues in armes and began to assault the castle the which was garded by the maister of the Knights of the Calatraua who whilst hee defended himselfe valiantly aduertised the King of his distresse who poasted thither hauing in his company D. Aluaro Peres de Castro other knights The brute of his comming did strike such a terror into these mutinous Moores as they dislodged before they saw him and fled to Grenado as they also of Martos did they coniecture that these did people the Albaycin of Grenado the King put D. Lope Dias de Haro Lord of Biscay Great church of Toledo built by the Archbishop D. Roderigo in garrison into Baeça into Martos D. Aluaro Peres de Castro and D. Tellâ— Alphonso de Meneses and others in other places and so returned to Toledo whereas that yeer the Archbishop D. Roderigo Ximenes began to build the great church as it is at this present different froÌ„ that form it was of before when it was a Mosquee for the Moores 15 In Arragon the expedition of Majorca was decreed 1228. Arragon this Island was held by the Moores An. 1228. and their King Abohibe whom others call Retaboâ—mhe who did incessantly spoile the sea and the coast of Spaine without any pretext and did impudently mocke at the King of Arragon when hee complained of the thefts and robberies committed by him or his men Estates of Arragon make warre and peace and al Leagues Author H. Surite For this cause at the Estates assembled at Barcelona they consenting and requiring it according to the customes and preuiledges of the Arragonois Cattelans a war was resolued against this King of the Moores and the Majorkins for the which there were 155. vessels of al sorts prepared the which transported the army to Palombara the chiefe commanders were D. Berengaire Paloâ—x Bishop of Barcelona D. Nugno of Arragon Earle of Rossillon William of Moncade Lord of Berne William Raymond of Moncade his cousin Geoffry of Roccabertin Oliuer Thermes William of Saint Martin Gerard Ceruillon Raymond Allemand William of Clermont Hugues Mataplane William of Saint Vincent Raymond Belloc Bernard Centillas William Palafogiâ— Berengaire of Saint Eugene and other great and valiant Noblemen of Arragon and Cattelogne the first which leaped to land was one named Bernard Argentone At their first aboard the Arragonois were incountred and sharply repulsed by the Moores with the losse of the Lord of Bearâ—y of D. Raymond his cousin Hugâ—es of Mataplane and many other knights and good souldiars which were slaine vpon the place but when as the whole army was landed and had better meanes to discouer both the enemies and the country the Moores were beaten backe into their towne and besieged the which was with great dilligence and fury battered assaulted notwithstanding the siege was long and difficult for it continued fifteene monthes til in the end after much toile and losse the city of Majorca came into the power of the Arragonois Maiorca taken from the Moores hauing beene valiantly and obstinatly defended by the Moores the King Abohibe a son of his and many Moores were slaine in this warre and the city of Majorca forced the spoile thereof was diuided by the Bishops of Barcelona and Lerida by the Earles D. Nugno of Rossillon D. Ponce Hugâ—es of Empurias D. Pedro Cornel and Symon Vrrea but whether they shewed themselues partial in this diuision or for some other occasion the soldiars mutined and spoiled the tents and baggage of these Bishops and Noblemen al the Island being won except some mountaines and forests whether the remainder of the Moores which had escaped were retired Nomination of the Bishop of Maiorca Majorca was made subiect for the spiritualty to the Bishop of Barcelona but in such sort as it should haue a particular bishop which was then named by the King which bishop beeing dead the nomination should belong to the bishop and Chapter of Barcelona who sayd this right had beene long due vnto them The first that was named to this dignity was D. Raymond Torelta an other son of the King of Majorcas was a while after baptized and was named Iames he married a lady of the family of Alagon daughter to D. Martin Rouland Alagon from him is descended the house of Gottorio so called of the place which was giuen in fee to this Prince of the Moores by the King D.
of all Spaine they passed the Pyrenees presuming to deuoure France Euery man knowes that in two memorable victories which he obtained against them the one in Touraine the other in Languedoc he shew aboue 400000 by which routs they were so weakened as the petie Kings of Spaine who had begunne to lay the weake foundations of the realmes of Ouiedo Leon Arragon and Nauarre in the mountaines had some leisure to fortifie themselues The same Martel did not he keepe the country of Cattelogne with the forces of France whereof he made a bulwarke against the Sarazins of Saragosse Valencia those that were lodged in the neere countrie of Nauarre They would gladly deface the memorie of so many painfull voyages and worthy exploits done for them by the French during the raignes of Charlemaine and his sonne Lewis who did so long keep the Moores on this side the riuer of Ebro that the Asturians and Castillans might on their side aduance against the Barbarians for that it may be they would blush at the report of these things whereof we cannot speake but to their great dishonour They should remember can not dissemble it that D. Alphonso 2 of that name king of Leon and Ouiedo surnamed the Chast for that although he were married he would not haue any children seeming to haue a desire to recompence Charles the great for so many good offices which hee had receiued inuited him to come into Spaine vpon a voluntary promise that he would cause him to be acknowledged by his subiects for the lawfull successor of his estates then hauing lightly changed his opinion by the persuasion of his courtiers hee did forget both Gods honor and his owne Treachberie and ingratitude of the Spaniards to the French making a league without any scruple with the Moores whom hee did arme against the French beeing vpon the way for that said the Spaniards they would not subiect themselues to a stranger This was the cause that the French armie receiued a notable rout in their retreat The French being incensed at this bad vsage beganne to neglect the affaires of Spaine for a time which gaue meanes to the Moores to increase their power and to settle themselues for many yeeres God letting them know by this seuere and long punishment how much he was displeased with their treacherie ingratitude the which shewed a manifest contempt of religion Notwithstanding the French did not forbeare to succour the Spaniards many times at their great neede Generositie of the French to the Spaniards Read the Annales of Spaine you shal find that King D. Alphonso the first of that name in Castille and the 6 of Leon it is he which took â—oledo from the Moores and vnited it to Castille was vertuously assisted by great troups of French led by the Earles Raymond of Burgundie Henry of Bezanson and Raymond of Tolousa who purchased him the surname of Braue by reason of many goodlie victories obtained against the Moores attributed to this king although that most were done by the French and their commanders to whom he was not vnthankfull For in requitall of their vertues he married all three to his owne daughters Raymond of Bourgundie left vnto his sonne D. Alphonso Raymond the Royall scepter of Castille by the right of his wife D. Vrraca and Henrie of Bezanson was the stemme of the royall house of Portugall The same Spanish Histories make mention that at the siege of Saragosse in the yeere of our Lord 1118 being held by the Moores D. Alphonso the seuenth who called himselfe Emperour of Spaine for that he held all the Christian Realmes in that country had in his armie the earles William of Poitiers Rotron of Perche with them of Cominges and Bigorre the vicount of Lauedan the bishop of Lescar with many other French noblemen and knights by whose valour the citie was taken made the chiefe of Arragon and many routs giuen vnto the Infidelles It was not by the sole forces of the Spaniards although they were all vnited that the famous battel of Muradal was won it were too great ingratitude or senslesse malice not to acknowledge it the which their owne Writers doe witnesse that in the army of king D. Alphonso the fourth of that name in Castille there were aboue 100000 straÌ„gers most French and in like maner at the battell of Salado at the siege of Algezires and such like actions it is most certaine that the Kings of Fraunce and they of Nauarre who then came from the French neither sparedmen nor treasure no not their persons witnesse Philip of Eureux king of Nauarre who died at Seuile or Xeres They did confesse that the Spaniards predecessours had fought valiantly against the Moores according to their meanes but it was for themselues and their owne priuate commodities and to return into their houses the which did not much concerne the profit of other christian people Whereas the French without any priuate designe moued with the only zeale of religion at the simple persuasion of Popes and at such time as they did assist the Spaniards haue enterprized most holy and difficult warres against all the forces of the East drawing vpon them the warrelike nations of the Turks Enter prises of the French for the publike good of Christendome Arabians Chaldeans Egiptians and others of Mahumets sect from whom they took the city of Ierusalem all Palesâ—ina and Syria towards the sea erecting a realme there which they held and defended valiantly to the good of all Christendome wherein the Spaniards cannot say that they gaue any aide and yet they intitle themselues Kings of Ierusalem and aspire to the Empire of Constantinople which estates haue cost Fraunce so much bloud so as they haue no reason to quit their rights beeing grounded vpon a donation and inuestiture of the Empire of Constantinople made by Pope Leo the tenth to King Francis the first and to his successors when these Potentates had enteruiew at Bolonia Experience doth teach vs daily to what vse the forces and treasure of the Kings of Spaine are imployed and of what import they be to the state of Christendome The nauigation of the west Indies and the possession of those great and vast desarts seeme verie honourable and fruitfull vnto them and they make great oftentation of the gold siluer and pearle that comes from thence These things which are not worthie to bee put in the ranke of things to be wished for by vertuous men seeme to giue content and to bring some ease to this common life the which we passed more sincerely and it may bee more commodiously before the discoueâ—ie of these countries In one respect they are verie auaileable for the Spaniards and their kings for they are as it were sinkes and common sewers to draine away and confine all their banished men bad husbands bankrupts infamous persons and finally all men that are hurtfull to their other subiects for with such men the west Indies are for the
where their father died For the effecting whereof hee demaunded succours from the Moores which held Tudella Saragosse and Huefca and beseeged the towne of Tafalla but D. Garcia arriuing at that instant had meanes to make D. Ramir to raise his siege with dishonour and losse He had to wife D. Ermisende daughter to the Earle of Bigorre Genealogie of Arragon by whom he had D. Sancho Ramires who was King of Arragon after him D. Garcia Bishop of Iacca D. Sancha Countesse of Tholousa D. Theresa Countesse of Prouence wife to the Earle Guillen Bertrand and one Bastard sonne called D. Sancho Lord of Ayuar and Xauierre The time of this Kings Raigne or the maner of his death whether it were in warre or by sicknesse is doubtfull amongst Authors the common opinion is that he died about the yeare 1063. being at the seege of the Castell of Grados or Iraos of a wound which he receiued beeing in armes against the Moores of the Country for that leauing the protection of Arragon they had put themselues vnder that of Castille and that he is interrred at S. Iohn de la Pegna D. Garcia Sanches 6. of that name and 14. King of Nauarre 4. AS for D. Gracia heire of the Realme of Nauarre Nauarre he came to the crowne as his other brethren in the yeere 1034. the Queene D. Nugna his mother yet lyuing he was surnamed Sanches of Nagera for that he was bred vp there made his ordinary residence there vntil hee died and was buried there The portions giuen by D. Sancho the Great their father were very preiudicial vnto him for that as the elder the soueraignty of all those Estates did belong vnto him of all which D. Garcia had nothing but the crowne of Nauarre the country which is from Bureua and Ogna running from the country of Frias The bounds of the realme of Nauarre vnder D. Garcia Sanches conteyning seuen iurisdictions in ancient time called Castillia the old and moreouer Alaua Nagera and a part of Biscay In the beginning D. Garcia was in reasonable good termes with his brother D. Fernand King of Castille and did assist him as we haue sayd in the warres he had against D. Bermond to settle him in the Realme of Leon but afterward there grew diuisions betwixt them as also betwixt him and D. Ramir so as during his life they were neuer reconciled Hee was married whilest hee was Infant of Nauarre to a French Lady called Estiennette of the house of Foix as the Spaniards say yet is it doubtfull for there is no mention in those times of any Earles of Foix it may bee shee was of the house of Carcassone or Beziers from whence the Earles of Foix did afterwards descend By this wife hee had foure sonnes Genealogie of Nauarre D. Sancho Garcia who was King after his father D. Ramier Lord of Calaorra Torresilla de los Cameros Riuafresca Lea Villoria Trebejan and others D. Fernand the third Lord of lubera Lagienilla and other places and D. Raymond the fourth Lord of Murillo Agon and Agoncillo and foure daughters D. Ermesilda or Ermisenda who was Lady of Villa Mediana and Matres D. Ximena Lady of Corcerous and Hornos The third D. Mayor of Ianguas D. Vrraca or according vnto some Oguenda Lady of Aluerite Lardero Mucrones such was the issue of D. Garcia Sanches of Nagera During whose raigne the Spaniards set vp the inuention of the image of the Virgin Mary of the royal Monastery in the towne of Nagera in honour of whom D. Garcia and his wife D. Estaphana or Estiennette caused the Conuent of the order of Saint Benet to be built Knights of the Lilly in Nauarre and moreouer the King did institute the order of the knights of the Lilly for that in the same picture there was a pot of white Lillies and would haue the Knights carry vpon their cloakes Lillies imbroidred with the needle This was the deuise of the Knights of the order of Nauarre wherewith the Kings children and many Knights of Nauarre and strangers were honoured the which continued in this house of Nauarre The King D. Garcia did greatly honour his nobility and did confirme in the yeere 1043. the preuiledges of the gentlemen in the Valley of Roncal in testimony of their perpetuall fidelity to the Kings of Nauarre their Princes who had done him great seruices against the Moores his neighbors He tooke Calaorra from them in the yeere 1044. An. 1044. a more fortunate warre out of doubt then that which hee had against D. Fernand King of Castille his brother a fatall man to all his kinsfolkes and allies Enuy which torments man by reason of an others prosperity bread a hatred in D. Garcia against his brother D. Fernand the which was augmented by some dispute that was betwixt them for the town of Nagera in Rioje Quarrels betwixt the Kings of Castille and Nauarre whereas D. Garcia kept his Court and the Lands of Bureua which D. Fernand maintayned did belong vnto the crowne of Castille The first and most vnworthy effect whereby this hatred was discouered was a treason plotted against D. Fernand in the towne of Nagera for being come in brotherly loue to visit D. Garcia D. Garcias practise against his brother who was sicke in bed hee was aduertised that by his commandement they ment to stay him and in truth hee had beene put in prison if hee had not escaped this did so incense them one against an other as falling to armes it was one of their deaths This treacherous part was long dissembled by D. Fernand attending some oportunity of reuenge notwithstanding any excuse D. Garcia could make seeing his designe had failed Thus the King of Nauarre liued in continuall hatred with his brethren D. Ramir and D. Fernand as hee had purchased by his bad disposition the dislike of his father and mother a Prince in truth vnworthie to make warre against the Moores for the aduancement of the Christian religion against whom notwithstanding that hee was in bad termes with his brethren hee sent an army and tooke from them the towne of Funes in the yeere of our Lord 1045. For the recouery of his health hee had sent messengers to all the famous Bishops and Abbots of Spaine that by their praiers to God hee might bee cured with this deuotion hee caused himselfe to bee carried to the Monastery of Saint Sauueur of Leyre where hee did beleeue that by the praiers of those religious men his health was restored in recompence whereof he gaue to that house the Conuent of Centurifontes and many other things all this did nothing abate the spleene hee had against his brother D. Fernand who would not be surprized Being returned into his country Castille dissembling the wrong which had beene done him he made warre against the Moores vpon the fronters of Castille where he tooke the townes of Goruas Vado del Rey Aquilera Berlanga and
Castro This was the posteritie of King D. Alphonso of Castile About the yeare 1132. he made his eldest sonne D. Sancho a Knight on Saint Mathias day vpon the which he also gaue the towne of Vra to the Monasterie of Saint Dominicke of Silos It was about this time that Don Alphonso the Warriour Nauarre and Arragon King of Nauarre who alwayes called himselfe Emperour of Spaine had certaine quarrels with them that dwelt on this side the Pyrenees towards France in the Duchie of Guienne the occasion beeing concealed by the Authors is not knowne to vs but that wee may coniecture hee would fauour Don Alphonso Earle of Tholousa and Saint Giles from whome VVilliam Earle of Poictiers detained his liuing Bayonne taken but whatsoeuer mooued him hee beseeged Bayonne the which hee tooke with little danger and difficulty extending his limits much on that side During this seege he made his last will and restament and as hee was alwaies enuironed with Bishops who forgot not themselues in such oportunities beeing also very deuout D. Alphonsos Tetlamen and seasoned with an opinion that sinnes are wiped away and punishments redeemed by gifts and foundations of rents and reuenues to Churches Hee gaue vnto the great Church of Pampelona and to the Monasterie of Leyre the towne and Castell of Estella to enioy the moytie thereof with all the rights profites and commodities To the Monasteries of Saint Mary of Nagera and of Saint Aemilian of Cogolla he gane the towne of Nagera and Tubie with the castels To the Monasterie of Saint Dominicke of Silos hee gaue the Towne of Sanguessa together with the castell and the two boroughs the old and new To that of Saint Saluadour of Ogna the towne and territorie of Villorado To the Monasteries of Iean de la Pegna and of Saint Peter of Ceresa and to the Cathedrall churches of Saint Iames in Galicia and of Saint Sauiour of Quiedo he gaue many Legacies of great consequence but the most important was that which he gaue to the religious of the holy Sepulcher and to the knights of the Temple A prodigious clause in D. Alphonsos testament and the hospitaliers of Ierusalem of both his Realmes of Nauarre and Arragon and whatsoeuer else he should conquer from the Moores ordaining in particular that his armes and horse should be sent to the Knights of the Temple The King gaue all these prodigious Legacies vpon a wonderfull superstition together with a hatred which he bare to them of his bloud finding himselfe old and without any heires of his bodie but there were but few put in execution beeing so preiudiciall to the Christians estate in Spaine and would haue beene the seed of diuision and wars betwixt the Princes yet his testament was made with all solemnities and fortified with the paines and threates which were in vse in that age Beeing returned into his countries he ordained a seueral court or iurisdiction for the Inhabitants of Calatajub granting them many priuiledges and immunities and ordaining that the reuenues of the Clergie should be hereditarie to the end that the inhabitants and such as were borne there might onely enioy them as in our time in Castile those do which are of the Bishoprickes of Calaorra Calçada Bourgos and Plaisance and in many places of the Bishopricke of Pampelone In the beginning of the yeare 1133. An. 1133. this King and Emperour of Spaine Assembly at Sarragossa called an assembly of the Bishops and Noblemen of his country at Sarragossa to resolue vpon the warre against the Moores Among those which were there present they name the infant D. Garcia Ramires Lord of Monçon the right heire of Nauarre Rotron Earle of Perche Lord of Tudele D. Sancho de Roses bishop of Pampelone another D. Sancho Bishop of Calaorra D. Garcia Guerra Bishop of Sarragossa D. Michel of Tarrassone and D. Arnould of Husfca Expedition against the Moores vnfortunate with many other great personages both Clergie and Secular There they concluded to make warre against the Infidels enemies to the Christians vsurpers of the countrie of Spaine and withall order was giuen for all things necessarie for so great an enterprise leuies of souldiers were made and Commissaries sent out for victuals carriages boates and other things necessarie for the conduct of munition victuals instruments and engines of batterie with great prouision of arms and all that was needfull for so great an army The King D. Alphonso the warriour hauing resolued to root out the Moores hee began on this side Ebro to assayle them of Lerida and Fraga from whome hee tooke the towne of Mequinença by composition being at that time exceeding strong and valiantly defended by the Moores from thence he came before Fraga a towne well fortified and strong by nature seated vpon the riuer of Cinca the which he began to presse about August and there made a long and fruitlesse stay so as winter approching hee was forced to raise his seege hauing an intent to returne in the Spring the which hee did in Februarie An. 1134. If the place were strong before the Moores had so fortified it during the winter as they had made it impregnable when as they retired the beseeged taking courage as wel by the retreat of the Christians as by some succors which they had from about Lerida they went to field and charged the rereward of the Nauarrois army whom they forced to turne head and to fight with all his forces There was the king D. Alphonso vanquished Alphonso king of Nauarre vanquished by the Moores the which was strange and of hard digestion to him who hauing beene accustomed to beate his enemies euer since he commaunded an armie Wherefore he retired wonderfully perplexed hauing lost that day many Christians and among others many valiant Knights and great personages of his Realmes of Nauarre and Arragon The Moores growne proud with this victorie and that they had chased the king out of their limits entred into his countrie putting all to fire and sword which they could not carrie away with them and came as farre as Monçon wherewith the king being incensed he thrust himselfe into a calamitie vnworthie of so great and wise a Captaine as he had alwaies shewed himselfe But we striue in vaine against the will of heauen and worldly man doth in vaine call backe good fortune which hath once turned her fact from him for his sinnes which hee doth not vouchsafe to acknowledge His troupes being dispersed and euery one retired to his house after this route he called those that were neerest vnto him and attending a conuenient number to attend his person hee went in all hast beeing old and broken with foure hundred horse to pursue these Moores who carried away a great prey and an infinit number of Christians prisoners hauing ouertaken them neere vnto their fort of Fraga hee found his owne error and would gladly haue retired but it was to late for the Moores descouering the
the Kings person notwithstanding whether remorse of so foule an act altered the mindes of these knights of Lara or that all the bretheren were not a like affected as D. Manrique D. Nugno the yongest of the brethren tooke king D. Alphonso and carried him to Atiença not respecting the accord made with the King D. Fernand who holding himselfe deceiued by D. Manrique sent him word by a knight that hee was a traytor and that he would bee reuenged The Earle made no other answer but that it was lawful for him to doe any thing to deliuer his King and natural Prince from captiuity Afterwards the Earle meeting with the King D. Fernand who accused him of treachery and demaunded Iustice of the Estates of Castille he answered againe that he knew not that he was a traytor but that hee repented him not to haue done his best endeauor to deliuer his King a child of so tender age from such vniust slauery After many reasons and allegations of either side The yong King D. Alphonso giuen in garde to the inhabitants of Auila the Earle D. Manrique was absolued but the King D. Fernand kept in a manner all the places and townes in Castille except some of the lesser which continued vnder the obedience of the King D. Alphonso who was not in any great safety vntill they had found meanes to put him into the Citie of Auila where hee was faithfully kept by his good subiects the inhabitants thereof vntill he was twelue yeeres old wherefore they say commonly in Spaine the Loyal of Auila The tumults and confusions of Castille Nauarre inuited D. Sancho King of Nauarre surnamed the wise to make his profit which is the marke whereat all worldly men doe aime yet had he some iust pretension to doe it especially to inuade the lands lying vpon the riuer of Oja which the Emperour D. Alphonso had laied hold on during the vacancie and Interregne of Nauarre and Arragon So as hee went to armes entred in hostile manner into that Prouince and tooke Logrogno Entrena and Cerezo and passing on he also tooke Birbiesca and in a manner all that was in his way euen vnto Burgos all which places he did fortefie but yet he enioyed them not long The King of Nauarre did all these things without any resistance made by them of Castille beeing fauoured by the confusion of the time and the infancy of the young King D. Alphonso besides that towards Arragon hee found himselfe assured by a peace concluded with the Earle D. Raymond Berenger Death of D. Raâ—monâ— berenger Earle of Barcelone 1162. the which was the better confirmed by his death which happened in the yeere 1162. in Piedmont in the Bourge of Saint Dalmace neere vnto Turin This Prince went by sea into Italy with his Nephew the Earle of Prouence to conferre with the Emperor Frederic Barbarossa who made warre then in the Dutchy of Milan D. Alphonso the second and the sixth King of Arragon 2. THis Earle had gouerned Cattelogne and Barcelone thirty one yeeres Arragon and the realme of Arragon fiue and twenty He was wise and valiant but too ambitious He lest D. Raymond his sonne who was afterwards called D. Alphonso heire of both Estates by his testament by the which hee gaue vnto D. Pedro his second son the Earledome of Cerdagne with the same rights as Cont Bernard William had held it and moreouer the demeins and reuenues of the lands of Carcassone Disposition of D. Raymond Berengers wil. and rights of Narbonne and other places in Languedoc reseruing the homage vnto the Earle of Barcelon and King of Arragon his eldest substituting to D. Pedro his third son D. Sancho in case hee died without children and them two to their eldest brother D. Alphonso either of them in his Siegneuries with his children vnto Henry the second King of England his ally and faithfull friend the Queene D. Petronille his wife remayning Regent and tutresse of her Son and Realme but she brought D. Alphonso being but 12. yeeres old to the gouernment of the State vnder the conduct of the Earle of Prouence his cousin germain the Queene giuing ouer that charge as vnfit for women This was the first King of Arragon that was Earle of Barcelone since which time these two Estates have not beene diuided Returning to D. Sancho King of Nauarre Nauarre hee gouerned his realme wisely and iustly and had about him many good and vertuous Prelats and Knights amongst the which were D. Viuian Bishop of Pampelone the Earle D. Bela Ladron Lord that is to say gouernor in Alaua Rodrigues Martines Gouernor in Maragnon Pedro Ruis in Estella and Gallipienço Sancho Ramires in Sanguessa Ximeno of Ayuar in Roncal Ximen Aznares in Tafalla Sancho Esquerra in Saint Mary of Vxua Martin de Lees in Peralta Aznar de Rada in Falses and in Valtierra Peter of Araçury in Logrogno and Tudele with diuers others As for his domestike affaires hee was married to D. Sancha Infanta of Castille whom others call Beacia or Beatrix daughter to the Emperor D. Alphonso by whom he had a goodly issue D. Sancho who was King after his father D. Fernand and D. Ramir Geneology of Nauarre the which was Bishop of Pampelone for Ecclesiastical charges which had great reuenues were not there giuen to Pastors which had care of Christians manners and consciences but were portions for Kings children hee was otherwise called D. Remy Beside three sonnes she brought him three daughters D. Berenguela who was married to Richard King of England surnamed Corde-Lion and had for her dowry the country of Maine in France where shee spent the remainder of her daies like a vertuous widow after the decease of the King her husband D. Sanchos second daughter was D. Theresa otherwise called Constance who died a virgin and the third was D. Blanche married to Thiband Earle of Champaigne and Brie from whom the race of the Kings of Nauarre of the house of Champaigne had their beginning in D. Thiband their son About the yeere 1165. An. 1165. the sentence of the Processe betwixt the Bishops of Pampelone and Sarragosse begunne in the time of D. Lope Predecessor to D. Viuian with D. Pedro of Zarroja for the lymits of their Dioceses and Iurisdictions which had beene iudged by the Legat Hyacinthe Cardinal of the title of Saint Mary in Cosmedin was confirmed by Pope Alexander the third successor to Adrian the fourth beeing at Montpellier in France who also by his Bull confirmed the preuiledges of the Church of Pampelone and the order of the regular Chanoins of Saint Augustin instituted by D. Pedro Roda the Bishop as other Popes his Predecessors had done During these things Portugal D. Alphonso Henriques King of Portugal hauing some quiet with the Moores who were not well setled vnder the obedience of the Almohades spent his time about the fortification of the fronter townes of his realme vnto the yeeres 1165. when as he went
her father Don Raymond called Flacade Earle of Tholousa was also made Knight in the company of these two Princes In this ceremonie the King of Leon kissed the king of Castilles hand which was a fore-telling of the pretensions and quarrels which should fall out betwixt these two Realmes The court beeing then at Carrion Castile there was an assembly of Noblemen vassals which did acknowledge the Soueraigntie to take the oath of fealtie vnto the King as it was in auncient time obserued almost euery yeare where they were accustomed to treate of matters of consequence concerning the State and the houses of Princes The Councellors of greatest note to D. Alphonso King of Castille in this assembly Assembly of the Estates euery yeare in Spaine were Don Gonçalo Arch-bishop of Toledo Primate of Spaine the Bishops Don Rodrigo of Calaorra Don Maurice of Burgos Don Arderic of Palence and Don Gonçalo of Segobia Don Iohn of Cuença the Earles Don Pedro de Lara Don Nugno de Lara Don Diego Lope de Haro Lord of Biscay chiefe Standard-bearer of the kingdome Don Rodrigo Guttieres Lord Stuard and Guttiere Rodrigues Chancelor The discontents and secret hatred betwixt the Christian Princes Hatred betwixt fiue christian kings raigning then in Spaine which raigned then in Spaine was great beeing fiue carrying the titles of Kings that is three Alphonsos of Castile Arragon and Leon and two Sanchos one of Nauarre and the other of Portugal The King of Castile presumed to haue superiority ouer the other foure as his vassals notwithstanding any accords which had beene made wherefore hee thought hee might lawfully controule them at his pleasure Some yeares before he had taken from the king of Nauarre the lands lying vpon the riuer of Oja and Bureua beeing the auncient patrimonie of Nauarre which came not to them of Castile by any iust title but by meere vsurpation and violence As for him of Arragon he complained that the King of Castile had neuer kept any thing promised in the League swhich had beene made betwixt them but had made his profit in all warres of the Arragonois bloud and meanes The King of Leon began to find the error which he had committed to haue come to the court of Castille beeing at Carrion and to haue kissed the Kings hand As for Portugal there was neuer any good correspondencie betwixt these Princes and them of Castile since the first Earle Don Henriques so as these vlcers hauing infected the hearts of these Potentates by iealousie enuie and bad councell they mooued the kings of Arragon and Nauarre first of all to make an offensiue and defensiue League for the conclusion whereof the two Princes met at Boria where of mortall enemies they became great friends There it was accorded that the frends enemies of any one of these Princes shold be reputed for such by the other and that they should be bound to assist one another for the defence of their Estates For the obseruation of which accord either of them did pawne for his part the townes and castels following for the King of Nauarre the townes of Valtierra Ablitas Montagu Saint Mary of Vxue and Chastillon of Sanguesse with their forts and for Arragon the townes of Boria Sos Malon Ruesta and Petillas For the guard of these ten places there was chosen by a common consent of the two Kings D. Fernand Ruis d' Açâ—gra a knight borne in Nauarre but remained in Arragon and was Gouernor of Daroca and Calatajub He tooke an oath to both these Kings well and faithfully to keepe those places to de liuer all tenne to him in whose preiudice the treatie had beene broken by the other the which was not only sworne by both kings but also by their eldest sonnes Don Sancho of Nauarre and Don Pedro of Arragon And moreouer it was agreed that whensoeuer Don Fernand 〈◊〉 would discharge himselfe of the gard of those places and forts that foure knights of either partie should be named out of the which number the two kings should either of them choose one into whose hands the forts should be deliuered with the hike oath that is the fiue townes of Nauarre to the knight of Arragon and the fiue of Arragon to the Nauarrois These things thus concluded sworne and signed the Kings departed D. Sancho into Nauarre and Don Alphonso Daroca whereas the articles were againe confirmed and sworne in the presence of the chiefe knights of both kingdomes whereof those of Nauarre were D. Pedro Ladron de Gneuara Inigo Ortis Garcia Almorauid Pedro de Cascante Michel de Leet Lope de Valtierra and Barthelemy de Rada all of the most famous families in Nauarre This League beeing made in the yeare 1190. 1190. was followed by another made betwixt the kings of Arragon and Leon A League against castiâ—â— made by Arragon Leon and Portugal into the which Don Sancho king of Portugall was drawn An assembly being made to that end at Huesca thither came the ambassadors of Leon Portugal with ample authority and instructions whereas a League was made among those Princes like vnto that of Boria capitulating that not any one of them should make warre truce or peace without the consent of the others These allyances made and confirmed with all the oaths and solemnities required did not cause so great a storm as they did threaten for the kings of Leon and Portugall were long quiet without going any annoyance to Castile the kings of Arragon and Nauarre made some attempts but to small effect D. Sancho the 2. King of Portugall the first of that name 24 WHen as Don Sancho came to the Crowne of Portugall Portugal Genealogie of Portugal he was 31. years old foure yeares before he had married Donna Aldoncia or Douce daughter to Don Raymond Berenger Earle of Barcelone and Regent of Arragon and of Queene Petronilla D. Sancho had by this Ladie Douce nine children whereof there were foure sonnes the eldest was called Don Alphonso and was king after his father hee was borne in his Grandfathers life time the second was D. Fernand who was Earle of Flanders by marrying with the heire of that countrie whose name was Iane daughter to Count Baudwin Emperour of Constantinople the kings third sonne was D. Pedro who was great in Arragon where he married the Earle of Vrgels daughter the fourth sonne dyed young and was called D. Henriques Besides these sonnes he had fiue daughters the eldest whereof was married to Don Alphonso king of Leon the ninth of that name and was called Donna Theresa from whom he was diuorced by reason of consanguinity notwithstanding two daughters and one sonne which they had bad after which diuorce shee liued religiously in Portugal in the Monasterie of Lorban which her father built and indowed with great reuenues for her sake King D. Alphonso who had put her away did afterwards marry Donna Berenguela daughter to the king of Castile who was as neere allyed to him as
marriage of D. Alphonso of Leon and of D. Theresa of Portugal was dissolued by the decree of Pope Innocent the third for that they were kinâ—â— folkes in a degree which was prohibited by the church of Rome 30 The house of Nauarre approching neere it's end for want of heires males Nauarre it is fit we should prepare the Readers to the accesse which the descendants from women which are issued from it haue had vnto that crowne speaking some thing of the house of Champagne into the which D. Blanche daughter to D. Sancho the wife and sister to this King D. Sancho the strong was married Descendants of the house of Champagne The Earles of Champagne haue beene of great possessions in France of an ancient and noble familie as well of the house as by their alliances and marriages with the greatest houses of Europe In the nine hundred and ninth yeere mention is made of Odon first Earle of Champagne Brie Blois Chartres and Tourame who was a turbulent man and had great quarrels with Richard Duke of Normandy whose daughter notwithstanding he tooke in the end to his second wife he made warre against Rodolphe or Ralphe the last King of Bourgogne and was the cause why hee resigned his Scepter and crowne to Conrade the Emperour whose daughter Odon had taken to his first wife and had Stephen and others by her This Stephen was Earle of Champagne in the yeere of our Lord 1032. after the decease of his father and Lord of his other Estates by the succession of his brethren Hee died in the holie warre in Syria hauing begotten of his wife Alis or Adela daughter to William the conqueror Duke of Normandie and King of England Thybaâ—d and other children Thybaud surnamed the great was Earle of Champagne in the yeere of our Lord 1101. hee did also enioy the Earledomes of Brie Blois and Chartres and was called the father of the poore hee had to wife Mihault a Princesse of Germany of a great house by whom he had Henry who was Earle of Champagne and Bry after him in the yeere of our Lord 1151. besides other children This Henry surnamed the Big the fourth Earle of Champagne was in Asia with King Lewis the yong and afterwards with Philip Augustus where hee did great seruice to the cause hee married Mary of France daughter to Lewis the seuenth called the young by his first wife Elenor Dutchesse of Guienne and Contesse of Poictiers of this marriage issued Henry and Thibaud who were successiuely Earles of Champagne one after an other Henry went to the warre of Asia and marrying with the daughter of Almerit King of Ierusalem widow to Conrad Marquis of Montferrat was made King of Ierusalem but returning into France hee died without issue male Wherefore his brother Thibaud the second of that name seized vpon the country of Champagne in the yeere of our Lord 1196. to the preiudice of the two daughters of the deceased Cont Henry and was the sixth Cont Palatin thereof It was this Thibaud which married D. Blanche daughter to D. Sancho the wise King of Nauarre who had one sonne after the death of her husband about the yeere of our Lord 1201. called Thibaud as the father who was Earle of Champagne and Brie notwithstanding the pretensions of a sister which was borne in their fathers life time who contended for this succession but in vaine Moreouer by the death of D. Sancho the strong of whom wee now intreate without children hee came to the crowne of Nauarre by his mothers succession A Prince greatly allied to the houses of France and England whereof wee will treate more at large But let vs returne to D. Sancho the strong raigning at this time in Nauarre This Prince married with a French Lady daughter to Raymond Earle of Tolouse the fourth of that name who was called D. Clemence they hold that hee had not any children by her wherefore according vnto some Authors hee left her and married the daughter of the Emperour Frederic Barbarousse notwithstanding this second marriage is doubtful but as for the first Garcia d' Eugui bishop of Bayone hath left in writing that hee had one sonne named D. Ferdinand Calabasa vvho died in his fathers life time VVith a fall of a horse running after a Beare and vvas buried in the Collegial church of Tudele Hee had no other lavvfull children but mention is made of one bastard sonne called William 31 The ancient league of Castille and Arragon beeing renevved betvvixt the Kings D. Alphonso the Noble and D. Pedro they did arme to annoy the King of Nauarre aboat the yeere of our Lord 1200. the which he foreseeing he sought to be supported by forraine Princes and proceeded so farre as hee did sollicit Aben Ioseph Mazemut to breake the truce which he had made for ten yeeres A Mahumetan Prince keepes his faith religiously with the King of Castille some Authors affrming that D. Sancho went himselfe in person into Affrike to treat of the businesse with this Mahumetan Prince who notwithstanding that he would not breake his faith yet hee presented him with a great summe of money and many rich Iewels During his absence the confederate Kings entred by diuers waies into Nauarre where hee had left for his Lieutenant General a knight called Alphonso Fernandes of Guendulain and tooke Ayuar and the valley of Roncal which fell to the King of Arragon and on the other side Miranda and Insura or Inzula which places the King of Castille kept for himselfe these two confederate Kings hauing agreed to diuide the conquest of Nauarre betwixt them this was all they did for that yeere As for the King D. Sancho hee fel sicke on the waie of a pestilent feuer the which in the end fell to be a canker in one of his feete which continued with him all his life This indisposition beeing knowne in Spaine it gaue courage to the King of Castille to pursue his good fortune and to trie all meanes possible to ioyne that Estate to his presuming that the King D. Sancho who had no children could not liue long and that he beeing dead there should be no great opposition against him for that D. Ramir one of his brethren was of the church the other was young and absent and the Earle of Champaigne his brother in law was either dead or gone to the holy Land but howsoeuer hee was so farre off as before hee should returne into France to debate his title to the Kingdome of Nauarre wherevnto hee had right hee did hope to bee in possession Vpon this deseigne hee leauied a new army The King of Castille inuades Nauarre entred into Alaua and ouerrunne all that Prouince where in the end hee besieged the Towne of Victoria the which was valiantly defended by D. Alphonso Fernandes of Guendulayn who had put himselfe into it with many good souldiers of Alaua and Nauarre and maintained the siege long without any succors or newes from the
both captaines and souldiars ranne like madde men one vpon an other with greater obstinacy then against their enemies and many were cruelly slaine so as this rage had a manner ruined the Arragonois Estate in that Island but God had otherwise decreed for the Pisans beeing very weake and brought low with the long precedent warres Pisans quit the Island of Sardinia which they had sustained both against the Geneuois and Arragonois did quit the Island of Sardinia by an agreement made betwixt the King of Arragon and their Senat in the yeere of our Lord 1326. so as the towne of Sassari was yeelded to the Arragonois Pisans quit the Island of Sardinia the Marquis of Malespina surceasing and promising to be obedient to the King and his Lieutenants Thus the Kings of Arragon became Lords of Sardinia without contradiction for a time but in their owne country of Cattelogne and Valencia there wanted no troubles and quarrels which grew amongst the Noblemen of the country Troubles and quarrels where is much idle Nobility beeing an ordinary thing that whereas there is great store of idle Nobilitie there is alwaies 〈◊〉 and contention to the oppression of the people D. Arnaud Roger Earle of Palliars and Raymond Folch Vicout of Cardona were then in armes one against an other by reason of a murther committed on the person of D. William Queralt whereof the Earle of Palliars was accused and either of them hauing a great troupe of friends and Partisans held allattelogne in confusion with their horrible insolencies In the country of Valencia D. Iames Lord of Xerica was in quarrell with his owne mother D. Beatrix of Loria and would haue put her out of her lands and possessions so as this quarrel did in a manner diuide the King and his sonne D. Alphonso the one supporting the mother and the other the sonne The soueraigne should alwaies be a Iudge and not a Partisan in his subiects quarrels These quarrels were reconciled with much paine for when as the Souveraigne Magistrate doth medle in his subiects quarrels and of a iudge becomes a Partisan his authority leanes to the one side and the remedies are more difficult and lesse effectuall D. Iames of Xerica during these troubles married the widowe Queene of D. Sancho of Majorca whose name was Mary sister to Robert King of Naples a woman of an vnchast life In the yeere of our Lord 1327. Don Iames the Young of Majorca did homage for the Islands and Land which the held as well in Cattelogne as on this side the mountaines to the King of Arragon as to his soueraigue in the presence of Don Philip his vncle and Tutor Don Pedro and Don Raymond Berenger the Kings children Caston of Moncade Bishoppe of Huesca and many others and within few daies after Don Iames King of Arragon died in the towne of Barcelona hauing raigned sixe and thirty yeeres foure monthes and a halfe A Prince rather inclined to good then bad to whom learning and learned men owe the foundation of the Vniuersitie of Lerida in Cattelogne seuen and twenty yeeres before his death which hee endowed with many preuiledges and would haue that alone throughout all his dominions forbidding all other schooles but for Grammer and Logicke His bodie lies buried in the Monastery of Santa Cruz. D. Alphonso the fourth of that name the twelfth King of Arragon DOn Alphonso his sonne succeeded him to whom was giuen the surname of pittifull Hee was not the eldest but that Don Iames his eldest brother quitting in his fathers life time the succession of the crowne of Arragon as wee haue said entred and inuested himselfe into that Order of Knights of Saint Iohn of Ierusalem Hee was King This was his issue During his fathers life Genealogy of Arragon hee married first Donna Therefa of Entenza Countesse heire of Vrgell by whom hee had the Infant Don Pedro borne at seuen monthes end who was King and he Infant Don Iames Earle of Vrgell and Vicont of Ajar and moreouer foure other sonnes and one daughter who died verie yong and are interred at Sarragossa in Saint Francis Church with their mother Donna Constance who was wife vnto Don Iames the last King of Majorca Donna Theresa had not the title of a Queene for that shee died foure daies before the King Don Iames her father in lawe Beeing King hee tooke to his second wife Donna Leonora of Castille daughter to the King Don Fernand the fourth who was mother to Don Fernand Marquisse of Tortoça who married at Ebora Donna Maria of Portugal daughter to the King Don Pedro and was slaine by the commaundement of his brother raigning an Arragon hee had also by her Don Iohn who died in Castille Don Alphonso beeing come to the crowne hee gaue the countrie of Vrgel and other Lands to his second sonne Don Iames. Comming to Saragossa where the generall Estates were assembled hee tooke and receiued a reciprocall oth according to the auncient custome of Kings his predecessors and was crowned King in the yeere of our Lord 1328. in which yeere were crowned in Nauarre Philip of Eureux in France Philip of Valois and at Rome the Emperour Lewis of Bauaria At this Coronation of King Don Alphonso did assist with the Deputies of the Estates Don Iames of Arragon Lord of Xerica Don Pedro Iuge of Arborea Don Raymond Folc Vicount of Cardona Don Arnauld Roger of Mataplane Earle of Palliars Don Alphonso Fernandes of Arragon Lord of Ixar Don Lope de Luna Don William and Berenger Anglesol Don Iohn Ximenes of Vrrea Don Pedro Ceruel Don William Ceruillon Don Othon of Moncado and Don Othon of Fosses with other Noblemen There were aboue two hundred and fiftie Knights made with the ceremonies accustomed in those times where there was present the Ambassadors of Iohn King of Bohemia called Henry Bomallia who brought a promise from his Maister that hee would come into Spaine to make warre against the Moores with the King of Arragon the which he did not The warre which Arragon made against the Infidells King of Arragon makes warre against the Moores of Affricke was more in Affrike then in Spaine for the opportunity of Sardinia did inuite the Kings of Arragon for to raise their powers and make warre against the Moores which commaunded at Tunes Bugie and Tremessen Notwithstanding beeing mutined againe by the perswasion of the Geneuois this yeere a truce was made betwixt the King of Arragon and Abubacar pettie King of Tunes and Bugia and Abduria Hamen King of Tremessen The Court beeing at Daroca about the end of this yeere an Edict was made that for tenne yeeres no towne castle gouernment nor any customes imposts or places of Iustice whatsoeuer should bee giuen or alyenated from the reuenewes of the Crowne the which the King seeking afterwardes for to breake it caused great alterations and tumults Don Iames King of Maiorca did a new homage to King D. Alphonso for his realme and other lands
country to the Archbishop of Saragossa Whilest that the confederate Noblemen of Castile together with the Arragonois did ruine and burne the country of Alua the King of Castile led a great power by land against Arragon by the way of Almaçan where he tooke Negasta and Torrijo During this warre D. Henry Earle of Transtamara had a sonne by his wife in the towne of Epila the which at this daie belongs to the Earle of Arande who was called Iohn and raigned in Castile Cardinal William being no longer fit to make a peace betwixt these two Princes the Pope sent Cardinal Guy of Bolonia Bishop of Portuense this yeere of our Lord 1359. who preuailed as little as the other but by hid diligence and importunate pursute he incensed the King of Castile more against the house of Arragon and his rage proceeded so farre as he condemned all the Knights of Castile that were in Arragon by proclamation Cruelty more then deuil sh of D. Pedro King of castile he caused the Queene D. Leonora his aunt to bee cruelly murthered being widow to D. Alphonso King of Arragon and hauing caused D. Ieanne of Lara the Lady of Biscay to bee transported to the castle of Almodouar del Rio and from thence to Seuile he there also caused her to be murthered such was the diuilish fury of this monster who being once moued vpon any subiect discharged his rage vpon al that came into his fantasie He did the like vnto D. Isabella of Lara widow to D. Iohn of Arragon to whom by the death of her elder sister leauing no children the Siegneurie of Biscay did belong but shee died not by the sword but by poison which this tyrant caused to be giuen her In these Ladies was extinct the succession of the ancient Lords of Biscay The season being fit for nauigation the King of Castile went out of Seuile or Saint Lucar with foure score ships and one and forty gallies and sailed towards the coast of Valence and Cattelogne he ruined the towne of Guardamar and the Castle againe and presented himselfe in view of Barcelona but the army of Arragon which was but fo forty foists and gallies hindred him from staying at any place vpon the coast and skyrmishing often with him they forced him to bend towards Iuiza and to way anchor in hast from thence and to saile towards Alicant and Carthagena and in the end to retire himselfe hauing with this great preparation done nothing of import The King of Arragon was in the meane time in the Island of Majorca being aduised not to be in his army at sea The gallies of Castille retired to Seuile and the ships of Guipuscoa Biscay and Galicia returned into their countries as for the King of Castile he went to Tordesillas to visit Donna Maria of Padilla The coast of Cattelogne and Valence was this yeere ill prouided of ships of warre for that the King of Arragon was forced to entertaine many gallies continually in the Island of Sardynia beeing still subiect to reuolts and moreouer he had sent a good number into Sicile to aide the King D. Frederic his son in law against whom Ieanne Queene of Naples made warre D. Pedro alone of that name the eight King of Portugal 8 DOn Pedro surnamed the Iusticer raigned in Portugal Portugal who had succeeded his father D. Alphonso the fourth deceased in the yeere of our Lord 1357. Hee was about seuen and thirâ—y yeeres old when hee beganne to raigne and therefore being ripe in yeeres and of a good Iudgement he gouerned his realme with great equity so as he purchased the name of Iusticer and was much vnlike in manners to the other two Kings of his time and the same name This King his father being yet lyuing was married to Blanch daughter to D. Pedro King of Castile Genealogy of Portugal sonne to d. Sancho who falling into a palsey was left by him and then he married D. Constance Manuel daughter to D. Iohn Manuel by whom he had these children following D. Lewis who liued little D. Fernand who raigned Donna Maria D. Pedros priuat marriage with Donna Agnes of Castro married in the life of D. Alphonso her Grandfather to D. Fernand Infant of Arragon sonne to the King D. Alphonso by his second wife D. Leonora of Castile D. Constance dying in the yeere of our Lord 1345. he married Donna Agnes of Castro a gentlewoman which had followed her and with whom they sayd he had familiar acquaintance during her life for she was exceeding faire amiable The Infant D. Pedro although she were somewhat allied vnto him and had christened his son D. Lewis married her secretly for feare of his father in 1354. hauing enioyed her many yeeres and the witnesses of this matrimoniall promise were D. Gil Bishop of Guardia and Stephen Louat Maister of his Wardrop whom he commanded to keepe it secret By her D. Pedro had three sonnes D. Alphonso who died in France D. Iohn and D. Denis who were afterwards expelled by their brother D. Fernand then raigning and died in Castile Of this Lady Donâ—ia Agnes was also borne one daughter called Donna Beatrix who was married to D. Sancho Earle of Albuquerque base sonne to D. Alphonso the thirteenth King of Castile This clandestine marriage being vnknowne to the King D. Alphonso father to D. Pedro and yet his loues knowne and blamed by all men it was treated of to marry him with some Princesse but hee would not heare of it wherefore the King tooke a cruell resolution to kill D. Agnes de Castro thinking he should not otherwise withdraw his sonnes loue Being come to this effect to Coimbra where this faire Lady remained Cruel massaker of D. Agnes of Castro wise to the Infant D. Pedro. whilest that the Infant D. Pedro was a hunting he caused her to be slaine by three of his gard which were Diego Lopes Pacheco Peter Cuello and Aluar Gonçales who did this execution in the old pallace of Saint Clare This death being in the yeere of our Lord 1355. made the Infant rebel against his father who with the aide of many of his friends entred the country betwixt Duero and Minio where he committed great spoile and had done more if many great personages had not labored happely to reconcile them After that he loued other Lady called D. Theresa Gallega by whom hee had one sonne called Iohn in the yeere 1357. He was first Maister of the Knights of Auiz and afterwards King after D. Fernand his brother and the same yeere 1357. died king D. Alphonso the braue D. Pedro being come to the crowne he shewed himselfe a iust Prince obseruing aboue all things the lawes and ordinances made by his father Disposition of D. Pedro King of Portugal for the ordring of his house and traine the Officers whereof were expresly forbidden not to molest his subiects especially puruoâ—ers nor to take any prouision for his house before they had paied the price
Nauarre by Scalado being two leagues from Logrogno the castle held out and cost many good mens liues on either side and beeing fortefied with new succors sent from the King of Nauarre they made furious and bloudy sallies vpon their enemies who held the towne but in the end they were so prest by the Bishop and the Earle of Ledesma as they did capitulate to yeeld if by a day prefixt they were not releeued by the King their Lord during the which there should be a cessation of armes and if there came any succors the beseeged should bee bound to aduertise the Bishop that hee might doe as hee pleased This accord being made the captaine of the place beseeged made a mine vnder ground by the which he drew into the castle a great number of souldiars which the King of Nauarre had sent him vpon the aduertisment of the capitulation The time beeing ready to expire the captaine aduertised the Bishop that the succors were arriued and at that instant he opened the mine in the midest of the place from whence issued great numbers of souldiars of Nauarre who beganne to charge the Castillans which caused a great confusion amongst them and did much trouble the Bishop yet beeing madde with this treachery they put themselues in defence and repulst the Nauarrois into the castle ditch hauing lost many good men of either side This hauing not succeeded so happely as the Nauarrois expected their victuals fayling them by little and little they abandoned the fort So La Garde both towne and castle remained in the King of Castiles power The Queene D. Leonora mother to the Princes of Arragon sorrowful for so many ruines being old and wholy giuen to deuotion lyuing at Medina del Campo Garde taken by the Castillans in her Monastery of St. Iohn de las Duegnas was not exempt from the discommodities of this war for the King of Castile suspecting that she fauored her children caused her to be shut vp in Santa Clara of Tordisillas Lâ—onora Queene of Arragon restrâ—ined by the King of Castile and put garrisons in her houses of Montalban Vruegna and Tyedra and would haue done as much at Castro Xeris and Saldagne but the Earle found meanes to exempt himselfe and yet the King was not very well pleased with him The court being in Astudillo there came an Ambassador from Iohn Earle of Foix father to Gaston who afterwards married Leonara the heire of Nauarre who bâ—sought the King of Castile that he would bee pleased that the Earle his master might imploy himselfe to make a peace betwixt him and the Kings of Nauar and Arragon to whom the King of Castile answered that he did thanke the Earle of Foix for his good will but there was no meanes of a peace On the other side the Earle of Armaignac an enemy to the King of Nauarre and the Earle of Foix hauing giuen all the hindrance hee could towards Gascony that no succors should passe out of France to the King of Nauarre for the which he had beene at great charge hee sent to intreat the King of Castile to reâ—bourse him to whom were paied ten thousand florins of gold This yeere D. Pedro of Velasco Generall vpon the frontier of Nauarre was created Earle of Haro The King being at Burgos had newes that the Infant D. Pedro ouerrunnning the country about Zamora had taken the castle of Alua de Lista and passing afterwards to Osma which was the Rendezvous for the army of Castile there came vnto him a Franciscan friar confessor to Donna Blanch Queene of Nauarre whom they called Archbishop of Tyre Peter of Perault chiefe Steward to the King of Nauarre and Ramir Deane of Tudelo councellor to the King Ambassadors for the King of Nauarre and for him of Arragon D. Dominike Bishop of Lerida D. Raymond of Perillos and William of Vigue Knights sent to treat and conclude a peace at what price soeuer The difficulties were ver great and they were forced to send backe some of the Ambassadors to the two brethren Kings and in the meane time the army marched but the reasons and propositions of the Ambassadors were in the end admitted and a truce was accorded at Majano for fiue yeeres both by sea and land betwixt the King of Castile and D. Henry his sonne Prince of Asturia's Truce betwixt the King of 〈◊〉 and the King of Arragon and Nauarre on the one part and D. Alphonso King of Arragon D. Iohn King of Nauarre D. Blanch his wife and D. Charles Prince of Viana their sonne on the other part into which truce there entred for the King of Castile the Earle of Armaignac and for the two Kings brethren the Earle of Foix. It was also agreed that D. Godfrey of Nauarre Earle of Cortes brother in law to King Iohn who had followed the party of Castile should not be troubled nor molested in the perception of his goods nor otherwise This Knight staied long in Castile and did the King good seruice in his warres against the Moores the like assurance was graunted in regard of the Infants D. Henry and D. Pedro and to iudge of the differences during the truce there were seuen persons named for Nauarre and Arragon and seuen for Castile whose seat should be at Tarassone and Agreda alernatiuely Thus ended the warre betwixt Castile Nauarre and Arragon to the great preiudice of the King of Nauarre for he was dispossest of all the lands he had in Castile and moreouer of the towne of Garde in Nauar. During these treaties D. Frederic Duke of Arjone died a prisoner at Pegnafiel whose Dutchy and Estates were giuen to D. Frederic of Arragon Death of the Duke of Arioâ—e Earle of Luna There were also restored vnto Queen Leonora her houses castles and she was set liberty and freed from the Monastery of Santa Clara of Tordesillas at the intreaty of the King of Portugal to whom the King of Castile sent the proceedings against her foure sonnes the King and Infants of Arragon and their offences to the end that she might see what reason he had to confiscate their lands The same yeere King Iohn of Castile was sollicited to make a league of friendship with the English but he excused himselfe touching the league beeing loath to doe any thing to the preiudice of the King and Realme of France an ancient friend and confederate to the crowne of Castile sending backe the Ambassadors with a discreet and friendly answere and soone after hauing sent D. Sancho of Rojas Bishop of Astorgo to the King of England hee concluded a truce betwixt Spaine and England for one yeere At the same time beeing sought vnto by the King of Granado to continue peace and friendship betwixt them the said Moorish King offring him all the force of Granado to serue him at his will he gaue him thankes for the offer and by an Ambassador which hee sent expresly to Granado to conclude some truce he descouered the Estate
should vndertake This Moore was so well followed in a short time by a good number of Knights of his sect which hated King Mahumet as hauing surprized Montefrio he made it his residence and storehouse for the warre the which he did mannage with wisdome valour and iudgement and beeing aided and fauored by Don Lewis of Gâ—â—man maister of Calarraua D. Diego of Riuera and other Noblemen and Christian captaines within few daies hee tooke the townes of Cambil Alicum Illora Ronda Isnajar Archidena Caçarobonella Setenil Turon Hardales Castellar and Loxa all which yeelded willingly except the castle of Loxa which held for king Mahumet into the which the Algazil Ioseph Aben Saâ—rax had put a good garrison Defeat of king Mahumet and the taking of Granado by Ioseph Aben-Almao but soone after he beeing dead it was yeelded to Ioseph Aben Almao through the fauour of a route the which hee gaue to Mahumets troupes which victorie was of such consequence as the cittie of Granado opened her gates so as King Mahumet beeing out of hope to bee able to resist going out of Alhambra with that which was most deere and precious hee led with him the two sonnes of Mahumet the little who had beene vanquished and slaine by him with a Sister to Captaine Coxo his Neece and so fled to Malaga By this euent Ioseph Aben Almao remained King of Granado in the beginning of the yeare 1432. 1432. Mahumet hauing raigned since his returne three yeares and it was in the 815. yeare of the Arabians raigne Ioseph Aben Almao the sixteenth King of Granado THis new King Ioseph beeing receiued of the whole realme without contradiction the Crowne of Granado returned by him into the family of Mahumet Aben Alhamar or the Vermeil who presently made himselfe vassall to the King of Castile by whose fauour hee had gotten the realme promising a certaine tribute of money and other things whereof there were letters past sealed with his seale of Gold He did aduertise King Iohn of the successe of this warre and did attribute all the happinesse thereof to God and him informing him more-ouer of the siege which hee went to lay before Malaga wherein the King did assist him as he had done before commanding D. Diego of Ribera Gouernor of that fronter to furnish him with men victualls and all sorts of aide in that enterprise Whilest these things were acting there came a Geneâ—ois to Court an Ambassador from Muley Aben Ferriz King of Tunes who had charge to intreate King Iohn to spare King Mahumet Aben Azer and to finde some expedient for peace but finding the realme already possest by Ioseph hee complained in the name of the King of Tunes his maister of the misfortune of Mahumet his Kinsman to whom the King of Castile answered pertinently saying that he had made warre against him for good and iust reasons for that hee had beene dayly informed that hee had secret Intelligence with the Kings of Nauarre and Arragon his enemies This Ambassador staied some dayes in the Court of Castile Mahumet Aben Azer recouers the realme of Granado being then at Vailledolit The raigne of Ioseph Aben Almao lasted not aboue sixe moneths for being old and broken hee dyed that same yeare 1432. whereby Mahumet Aben Azâ—r came to raigne againe the third time who being aduertised of the death of his Competitor tooke all fit courses to make the Granadins obey him againe wherein the King of Castile did not oppose himselfe it may be mooued at the request of the King of Tunes by his Ambassador who returned well satisfied into Affrick being accompanied by Lope Alphonso of Lorca sent by the King of Castile that hee might take with the King of Tunes some friendly expedient for peace betwixt Castile and Granado and in the meane time there was a short truce granted to Mahumet who made a Knight called Audilbar who had beene faithfull vnto him his Alguazil Maior in the place of the deceased Ioseph Aben Sarrax The warre of Granado being ended after this manner there fell out new occasions of trouble in the Court of Castile by the Kings credulitie Castile who willingly gaue eare to reports giuing him to vnderstanding that the Kings of Nauarre and Arragon had secret intelligences with D. Pedro Fernandes of Velasco Troubles in Castile by false reports Earle of Haro Guttiere Gomes of Toledo Bishop of Palence and his Nephew D. Fernando Aluares of Toledo with other great men of Castile wherevpon he staied some imprisoned others and many seeking to escape were brought back to Court being then at Zamorra and others escaped so as it was full of amazement and tumult Of the number of the prisoners were the aboue-named D. Fernando Aluares of Toledo Bishop of Palenza and the Earle of Haro who had the Court giuen him for prison putting in caution The Bishop was committed to the castle of Muzientes and D. Fernando his Nephew to that of Vruegna D. Ferdinand of Velasco the Earles brother fled away and being come into his brothers country hee assured himselfe of the towne and places of strength there Don Inigo Lopes of Mendoça Lord of Hita and Buitrago hearing what had beene done in Court and how his friends and kinsmen were persecuted hee fortified himselfe in Hita There was no matter found to charge and conuict these Noblemen so as they were deliuered one after an other but the Bishop and his Nephew were the last of all Don Iohn of Soto Maior Maister of Alcantara remained who beeing in disgrace with the King and afterwards reconciled yet hee fell againe into dislike so as Don Henry Infant of Portugal was enforced to imploy himselfe to restore him to grace The King gaue charge to Doctor Franc to end all differences with him who conferring with Diego of Manjarres Treasurer of Alcantara they ended all matters so as the Maister had reason to bee contented but hee shewed himselfe so indiscreet as hee reiected all that they had concluded and notwithstanding that the Doctor sought to satisfie him in all his demands yet he was so transported with his passions as contemning the King and all them that treated in his name he called D. Henry and D. Pedro Infant of Arragon remaining at Albuquerque to deliuer them Alcantara and the forts which depended The Maister going from Alcantara to Valencia before he had gone two leagues he had a conceit that hee should not be safe in that towne wherefore he returned to Albuquerque to the Infant D. Henry And for that he feared to be surprized in the towne he desired to lodge in the castle whether also Doctor Franc was led prisoner Wherevpon it was giuen out that the Infant Don Henry kept the Maister of Alcantara prisoner in the castle of Albuquerque wherewith Guttiere of Soto Maior great Commander of Alcantara nephew to the Maister being much discontented he staied the Infant Don Pedro prisoner at Alcantara the whole people consenting therevnto Don Frederic Admirall of Castile
The appointed day beeing come the Legate came to the place where with great insolencie he was compassed about with aboue three hundred horse of the league which did greatly amaze him for he was none of the stoutest Prelats Presently after Don Iohn de Pacheco The Master of S. Iames contradicts the Popes authoritie ouer the temporal states Master of Saint Iames the Earle of Luna the Bishop of Coria with other Lords of the same faction came in place vnto whome the Legate shewed his faculties and authoritie to do in Spaine what he thought good Wherupon the Master of Saint Iames made him this answer that those which had informed the Pope that hee had any power or authority to dispose of the estate of the Kingdomes of Spaine or Leon had deceyued him for that did belong onely to him and to the other great Lords of the same countrie At this meeting nor yet at another which was made nere to Montejo de la Veja was there any thing concluded on Wherefore hee beganne to proceed against the Confederates by Ecclesiasticall censures Appeale from the Pope to the next generall Councell but the Lords of the League did appeale to the first generall Councell the Licentiate Iohn d' Alcoâ—er and the Doctor Alphonso of Madrigal throwing in their appeales The Legaâ—e perceyuing his labour to bee lost would haue gone backe to Medina but diuers of the Rebells followed after him crying out Wee appeale Insolencie against the Legate we appeale and with great outrages brought him backe to Olmedo the Arch-bishoppe of Toledo and the Master of Saint Iames seeming to bee discontented therewith tooke vppon them to defend him Whilest the Legate was thus handled the Confederates practised how to draw to their side Pedro Arias of Auila and the Bishop Don Iohn of Segobia his brother who beeing alreadie offended with the wrong which the King had offered them whereof wee haue spoken heretofore were easily perswaded thereunto the chiefe doers in this businesse were Lewis de Mesa Pedro Arias his familiar friend Perucho of Munsaras Captaine of the Castle of Segobia Fryar Rodrigo of Mesa Abbot of Parral and brother to Lewis with other Monkes and Church-men who did lay a plotte to deliuer the cittie of Segobia to the Confederate Lords Queene Ioane Donna Izabella with other Ladies and Gentlewomen of great place were lodged in the pallace of the same Citie where they had notice of this practise some of them with great feare beganne to dislodge the Queene withdrew her selfe into the Cathedrall Church The citty of Seigoâ—ia deliuered to the confederate Lords where thinking her selfe not safe enough shee entreated to bee receyued into the Castle with the Dutchesse of Albuquerque and other Ladies but the Infanta Donna Izabella had no will to remooue for beeing incensed against king Henry her brother shee had intelligence with the Prince Don Alphonso and did wholy adhere to the Confederates who entred into the Cittie in armes through a false port of the Bishoppes lodgings and made themselues master thereof without any resistance to the great griefe of the Inhabitants The Lords of the League went directly to the pallace to salute the Infanta who committed her selfe wholly into their hands The king hauing notice hereof departed very melancholy from Medina with such troupes as hee could get about him and marched towards Cuellar where in the mid way the Castle of Iscar was assayled at the intreatie of the Earle of Treuigno in which Castle the Earle of Plaisance kept the Earle of Treuigno's mother in dishonest manner the place beeing taken the Countesse was sent away prisoner by her sonne into his countrie The losse of Segobia did much grieue the the King for his aboade there pleased him aboue all other as well because hee was brought vp there from his infancie The King forsaken of his people as for the wood of Balsain and other places thereabouts fitte for hunting and also in regard of his treasure which lay in the castle thereof and the griefe and feeling of his aduersities did so oppresse him as beeing desperate and almost besides himselfe he was contented to be drawne by the deuices of the Master of Saint Iames to the towne of Coca vnder the promise and assurance of the Archbishoppe of Seuille not telling or making it knowne to any of the Lords or Knights of his trayne and taking but a very few of his houshold seruants with him Wherefore all men beeing discontented with these courses which did manifestly tend to the ruine of the King and of those which did him seruice they with-drew themselues discontented to their owne houses The Kings Officers and houshold seruants seeing themselues forsaken and left in so pittifull and miserable estate were ashamed to tell vnto whome they did belong when they came to any place The Licentiate Diego Henriques the Kings Chronicler hauing obtayned a safe conduct Diego Henriques King Henries Chronicler came to Segobia where hee had a house wherin were diuers goods and papers of great consequence but neuerthelesse he was taken and ill intreated his goods stolen and his writings scattered abroade to the great danger of his person if God had not drawne him out of their hands for the Rebels were greatly mooued against him because that in his written memories and chronicles hee had set downe the truth of their proceedings The king beeing come to Coca they changed the place and their opinion was to conferre at Segobia in the castle of which cittie hee was lodged and entertayned by the Earle of Alua and the Master of Alcantara albeit that Peruchâ— de Munsaras Captaine of the place was not well contented therewith The King and the Master of Saint Iames meeting afterward in the great Church Other agreement betwixt the king and the rebels after diuers reasons on either side it was agreed that the king should consent that the fort of Segobia should remayne vnder the command of the Master of Saint Iames the kings treasures and mooueables to be kept safe and restored to him who should send them to the castle of Madrid the Captaine-ship of which with the keeping of those things the King should graunt to Perucho de Munsaras Moreouer that the Queene should bee giuen in hostage and left in trust with the Arch-bishop of Seuile for sixe moneths within which time the King should be restored to all his former honour and dignitie These articles were afterward performed the treasures transported to Madrid and Queene Ioane was sent to the castle of Alaejos Euill life of Queene Ioanâ— of Castile where holding on the course of life which the King had taught her shee fell in loue with a certaine young man by whome shee had two children which was the cause of many vnworthie outrages as shall bee hereafter declared After this treatie the King beeing in as lamentable an estate as before went vppe and done his kingdome no otherwise than if hee had beene a poore
constrayned them to returne into their owne territories Now King Iohns comming with his army beeing knowne in Nauarre encouraged those of Grammont and did greatly amaze the Beaumonto is who knew very well that they should not be able to resist such great forces wherefore taking counsell about the affaires with the Earle of Foix they aduised him to make an agreement with the King his father-in-law who had already resolued after his death to leaue the kingdome to his daughter Donna Leonora and to permit him to enjoy it awhile who by reason of his extreame age could not hold out long therefore he should be content to haue patience and to suffer the King to enioy the title of King of Nauarre the small time he had to liue The Earle was easily drawne thereto for he saw no hope of victorie if hee should haue persisted in his rash enterprise by armes then they began to capitulate setting downe articles Queen Ioane her last confession which shall be hereafter mentioned Before the finall conclusion whereof King Iohn beeing alreadie returned to Tarragona to view his forces and to take order for the warre of Barcelona his wife Queene Ioane being a long time tormented with a canker which consumed her drew neere her end It is reported that when shee kuew shee must needs dye fetching diuers sighs and grones remembring her son Prince Fernand shee sayd Death of the younger Gaston de Foix at Libâ—rna O my son thou hast cost me deare and it is constantly affirmed that â—he did confesse to haue procured and hastened the death of Prince Charles wherwith the king was so highly offended with her as he would neuer afterward looke vpon her yet neuerthelesse her ambition gaue her this content to see before her death her son Prince Fernand made king of Sicill her body according to her will was buried in the Monasterie of Pobleta about this time in the yeare 1469. hapned the lamentable death of Gaston of Foix the younger An. 1469. eldest son to the Earle Gaston and to the Princesse Leonora who should haue succeeded them in the kingdome of Nauarre There was a great assembly of Princes Knights at Liborne nere to Bourdeaux who there met to honor accompany Charles of France brother to Lewis the 11. newly reconciled to him and promoted to the Dutchy of Guyenne after the ciuill war this young Knight Gaston running at tilt which was performed in most costly and sumptuous maner was run with the splinter of a lance into the bravres wherof he dyed to the great griefe of as many as knew him but especially of duke Charles whose sister he had married whose name was Magdalen she being likewise sister to Lewis by whom he had two children to wit Francis Phaebus who was king of Nauar and Earle of Foix and Catherine his sister who succeeded her brother dying without heires Happily it shall not be amisse to set downe here the succession of the house of Foix which hath inherited the kingdome of Nauar fetching it as far as Histories make mention thereof to the which as we haue sayd the Segneury of Bearn was vnited about the yeare 1286. Wee finde that the countrey of Foix was erected into an Earledome about the yeare 1462. by Raymond Originall and continuance of the house of Foix. Earle of Tholousa who inuested therewith Bernard youngest sonne to Roger Earle of Carcassone and to Adela his wife of this Bernard and of Beatrice daughter to the Earle of Beziers was borne Roger who was second Earle of Foix who begat an other Roger his successor in the Countie of Foix second of that name father to Roger the third whom he had by Eximena his second wife hauing first of all married a Lady of Prouence called Estinetta Of Roger the third and of Cicelie daughter to Earle Raymond of Barcelona was borne Raymond Roger who married a Lady called Phillip by whom hee had a sonne called Roger Bernard who succeeded him in the Earledome of Foix and a daughter called Esclrmonde married to the King of Majorca This Raymond Roger caused his lawfull wife to suffer many indignities at the request of a Concubine who was of the religion of the Albigeois Roger Bernard was then Earle of Foix after his father the sixt in number about the yeare 1223. and was surnamed the great Hee married Brunixenda daughter to the Earle of Castelbon by whom hee had Roger called Rotfer Earle of Foix after him Esclermond wife to the Vicount of Cardona and Cicely wife to the Earle of Vrgell Roger Rotfer seanenth Earle of Foix and fift of the name married Brunixenda daughter to the Vicount on whom he begat Roger Bernard the sixt of that name and eight Earle of Foix of him and of Manigarda of Narbona were borne an other Roger Bernard who succeeded in the Earledome Agnes who was wife to Esquibat Earle of Bigorre and Phillip married to Arnold of Spaine Vicount of Conserans Roger Bernard seauenth of the name and ninth Earle of Foix came to the Earledome after the decease of his father about the yeer 1262. who married Marguerit daughter to Gaston de Moncada Lord of Bearne and of Martha de Foix by whose meanes he came to vnite the Lordship of Bearne to the Earledome of Foix by the consent of the estates of Bearne to the preiudice of the Earle of Armagnac who had married the elder daughter of Marguerite whom Gaston disinherited in disdaine that her husband the Earle of Armignac did not helpe him in certaine warres that hee made as well as his other sonne in lawe the Earle of Foix. Now Roger Bernard had by his wife Marguerite of Bearne foure children to weet Gaston the elder who was Earle of Foix after his father the tenth in number and the first of that house who enioyed the Lordship of Bearne Brunixenda wife to Helie of Perigort Constance married to Anthonie de Leui Lord of Mirepoix and Ioane who married Peter sonne to King Iames of Arragon Gaston then the first of that name Earle of Foix and Lord of Bearne married Ioane daughter to Lewis of France Earle of Eureux and of Marguerite of Artois from whom issued Gaston heire to the Earledome Roger Bernard Vicount of Castelbon father of Mathew and of Isabell of Castelbon who succeeded one after an other in the Earledome of Foix and Robert Bishop of Vaur He had also a bastard sonne named the Wolfe Lord of Arauath who begat Blanche wife to Iohn de Gaulti or Grailhij Capdau de Buch. Gaston the second the eleuenth Earle of Foix and second Lord of Bearne of this family had by his wife Elenor daughter to the Earle of Comming Gaston Phoebus who succeeded his father in the yeare 1344. the fourth of that name and hauing married Agnes daughter to King Philip of Nauarre had by her one onely sonne whose murtherer hee was hauing found about him a box of poison which his Vncle King Charles of Nauarre had giuen him to
sworne to by the King and the Princes and that for the peace of the Kingdome all crimes and offences how heinous soeuer should be generally pardoned that had beene committed til the Kings present comming into the country re-establishing by full power and royall authority euery man in his honor goods and reputation reuoking and adnulling all sentences and proceedings made to the contrary That all places townes and castles which had beene taken from one an other all offices as wel Ecclesiasticall as secular vsurped since the taking of the castle of Morillo should bee restored to the first lawfull possessors thereof within the terme of seuen monthes excepting the moueables and frutes which were spent reiecting al guifts grants and ingagements made by the King Princes or any other Neuerthelesse herein was not to be comprehended the differences betwixt the Earle of Lerin and Lord Iohn of Beaumont and Charles de Artieda against D. Pedro of Peralta Constable of Nauarre and the Marshall of Nauarre who were enioyned to submit themselues to the Kings obedience within twelue daies after the publication hereof to the end to determine those strifes by way of Iustice vpon paine doing the contrary to be held as contumelious rebels and for such to be pursued and punished as disturbers of the publike quiet That all those who had beene wrongfully imprisoned since the surceance made by the Archbishop of Saragossa the Kings sonne in his name and the Princes should bee released and set at liberty paying their charges That the truce granted by them or their captaines should bee kept as well to strangers as the naturall subiects both in their persons and goods That whatsoeuer had beene taken and retaken to the preiudice of the same truce should be restored and deliuered without other ransome then paying their expences that the promises and obligations made in writing or by word of mouth betwixt the naturall subiects by reason of such prises made since the surcease should be of no effect and the Ecclesiasticall ordinaries should bee admonished to absolue them from their othes made in that behalfe enioyning euery one to set the prisoners at liberty within fifteene daies and not to ganesay this present treaty vpon forefeiture of two thousand royalls of gold to the Kings coffers As concerning the castle of Leguin belonging to the Prior of Rounceual which had beene taken before with great store of goods belonging as well to the prior as the Monastery they who had taken the same goods were enioyned to restore them or the value thereof seeing the Prior had alway beene a faithfull seruant to the King and the Princes That the King and the Princes should sollemnely sweare to cause all the heads and Articles aboue mentioned to bee effectually obserued and kept in euery point These things agreed vpon were published in the castle or pallace of Olita vpon Thursday the thirtith day of May in the yeere 1471. and were receiued by the secretary Iohn of Saint Iordi the Bishop of Oleron taking the oth with promise made by the Princesse Donna Leonora to cause the Earle her husband to confirme these Articles an authenticall coppy whereof sealed with the Earles seale she would send to the King her father At which were present the Bishop of Oleroni Pedro Lord of Ros the Earles Ambassador Frier Bernard Hugh de Rocabertin captaine of the Castle of Amposta Roderigo de Robolledo Gomes Suares of Figueroa and Iohn Payes the Kings Vicechancellor After that the Princesse hauing ample procuration from her husband dated at the Bathes of Caudes Aigues in the valley of Dosan sworne in his name to the Bishop of Oleron to obserue the aboue named couenants in the presence of the captaine of the castle of Amposta Iohn Payes the Vicechancellor and D. Fernand of Baquedan vickar generall of the Church of Pampelona All these capitulations were not of force to cease the troubles of Nauarre which continued along time after As concerning the affaires of Castile King Henry after resolution taken about the marriages of the Princesse his sister Castile and of Donna Ioane in Portugall beeing desirous to set downe some good some of gouernment in his Kingdome called a Parliament at the city of Ocagna where the deputies of the townes and communalties did meete except those of Andaluzia the great Lords of which Prouince were not well pleased with the dealings of the Maister of Saint Iames whereat the King was much mooued but most of al wheÌ„ he vnderstood of the marriag which was intended against his wiâ— betwixt the Princesse his sister and the new King of Sicil Fernand of Arragon which made him now more then before desirous to aduance Donna Ioane whom hee stâ—ll aduoâ—ved for his daughter notwithstanding he hated the Queene her mother by reason of her bad life which he himselfe had taught her wherefore with his owne hand hee wrote a letter to the Pope intreating him not confirme the succession of the Kingdome of Castile sworne to the Princesse Isabella but to grant it to Donna Ioane Hee wrote also to his agent at Rome Doctor Roderigo de Vergara borne in Logrogna and likewise to King Alphonso of Portugal to the end that he should make the like request to the Pope this was not done so secretly but that the Archbishop of Siuill had notice thereof who had it not beene for feare of the Maister of Saint Iames who delt in this businesse would willingly haue dashed that matter The King leauing Ocagna came to madrid where hee found Iohn Fernandes Galindo captaine and gouernor of the fort of Madrid and keeper of his treasures sicke to death at whose entreaty hee gaue the charge of the fort and of that which was in it to Andrew of Cabrera his Steward whom hee did dayly aduance and made partaker of his greatest secrets The city of Leon about that time had like to haue beene surprised by Diego Fernand de Quignones Earle of Luna but the practize being discouerd Aluar Garcia Citizen of the same towne with whom the Earle had intelligence was taken and beheaded as a traitor At the intreaty of the Maister of Saint Iames the King returned to Ocagna where hee gaue the title of Marquis of Villena to Diego Lopes Pacheco his eldest sonne Diego Lopes de Pacheco sonne to the Maister of Saint Iames made Marquis of Villena a braue knight who soone after Married the Countesse of Saint Stephen de Gormas daughter to Don Iohn de Luna Earle of Saint Stephen and grand-child to the Constable Aluar de Luna who was in the keeping of the Maister of Saint Iames who was at the same time confirmed in his Maistership by the Pope and possessed more riches then any Lord of Spaine The King of Portugall sollicited by King Henry about the marriage of the Princesse Donna Isabella sent his Ambassadors the Archbishop of Lisbone and two other Lords who were at the Court more then twenty daies without concluding any thing by reason that the
information made bannished for euer out of Guipuscoa and Biscay the two ring-leaders of these factions who vpon paine of death and confiscation of their goods should neuer more set foote in those countries and besides he caused diuerse theeues and murtherers to bee executed Wee haue declared heretofore how that the confederate Lords desiring to draw the Earle of Alua to their league had giuen him in hostage for the performance of the capitulations made betwixt them the townes of Montalban and the Archbishops bridge which place the Marquis of Villena Maister of Saint Iames who was now rid of his feuer and ruled the King more then before desiring to draw from him he vsed such means with the Earle as he was contented to deliuer those townes vnto him the Archbishop of Siuill being a third man and arbitrator betwixt them They promised the Earle that the King should giue him the title of Duke of Alua and Earle of Barco and besides in regard he was possessed of the city of Coria pawned to him by his sonne in law deceassed they would be a means to haue it confirmed to him with the title of Marquis thereof vpon this condition that he should deliuer vp Montalban the Archbishops bridge which the Earle agreeing to the Maister of Saint Iames sent him the Kings letters-pattents for the confirmation of his titles and so they two remained friends Wherefore D. Garcia Aluares of Toledo was euer after called Duke of Alua Earle of Barca and Marquis of Coria The ordinary inuasions and spoiles made by the Moores vpon the frontiers of Andaluzia in these confusions by reason that there was small or no resistance at all in that part of the Kingdome mooued the Archbishop of Toledo and the great Lords of Spaine earnestly to sollicite the King to call an assembly of the chiefe men of the Kingdome where there should assist the Maister of Saint Iames the Dukes of Areualo Alua and Albuquerque the Admirall and the Marquis of Santillana the Earles of Benauent and Treuigno the Popes Nuntio the Archbishops of Toledo and Siuill and the Bishops of Siguença Burgos and Coria who should aduise of some fit expedient to remedy so many inconueniences and make Iustice to florish againe in the realmes of Castile The same request was afterwards made by the Princes D. Fernand and Donna Isabella and by the Deputies of the cities and communalties vniuersities orders of religious men and the Colledges of Churchmen to call the assembly in some city or town vnder the sufegard of foure great Lords there for to make some good conclusion with a common consent and if the commissioners should not agree that the decision of the whole matter might bee put to the iudgement of foure wise religious persons chosen on t of the Orders of the Chartreux Saint Francis Saint Dominike and Saint Ierome vnto these demaunds made with so great instance by the States of Castile the King made none other answere but that hee would thinke vpon it and prouide for it accordingly by the aduice of his councell Muley Albohacen the nineteenth King of Granado IN the meane space the Moores of whom wee haue spoken did wast and spoyle the countrey of Andalusia Moores They were commaunded at that time by Muley Albohacen king of Granado or as some others call him Haly Muley Hacen or Hali Aben Açan for Muley among the Moorish Princes namely of Marocco Sus Fez Vilez Tremessen Tunis and Escuray is a common title and surname signifying Prince King or Lord. This man was surnamed the Great and succeeded his father king Ismael who died in Almeria the yeare 1465. after he had raigned twelue yeares he was a valiant souldier and yet neuerthelesse for certaine yeares he was at peace with the Christian Princes hee had two wiues which were married to him the one a Moore by whome among other children hee had a sonne called Mahumet Boabdelin or Boabdile who raigned after his father and was called king Chiquito which is to say little his second wiues name was Zoroyra who hauing beene a Christian did at her husbands instigation returne to the Arabian Sect of Mahumet by her he had two sonnes the one called Cad and the other Nacre who after the taking of Granado and the finall conquest of that Kingdome were baptized and tooke new names to wit the mother Izabella and the children Fernand and Iohn of whose royall race there is yet at this day succession in Castile The Constable Michaell Lucas de Irançu who kept a garrison at Iaen had regard to the dangers that might happen to the kingdome of Castile on that side of Andalusia in Eccia Don Martin of Cordoua with others in other places who were assisted but with weake forces by Don Pedro of Cordoua Earle of Cabra and Martin Alphonso of Cordoua his sonne-in-law◠but within the kingdome of Granado the Moore King had to enemie a knight named Alquizot Captaine and Gouernour of Malaga who had intelligence with King Henry of Castile then raigning vnder whose protection hee had put himselfe as hath beene heretofore declared and was held by him as one of his vassals by reason whereof Muley Albohacen who desired and sought by all meanes to driue this Moore out of Malaga beeing mooued against King Henry and taking aduantage by reason of the troubles and confusions in Castile hee entred oftentimes with a great armie into Andalusia which he led further into the countrie then any of his predecessors Kings of Granado had done by reason of the weak resistance which he there found from whence followed death and captiuitie of people with burning and desolation to the Countrie The petitions and complaints which were daily made to king Henry were full fraught with the contents of these miseries Castile but hee did not tast them as hee ought but partly thorough negligence and hatred which hee did beare to businesses and partly with ouer much intending his owne passions he did deferre the remedies beeing at that time busied with a desire to marrie his supposed daughter to the Duke of Guienne and to the same effect he treated with the French Ambassadours which were arriued at Medina del campo to wit the Bishop and Cardinall of Albi aboue-mentioned and the Lord of Torsi from the French King and from the Duke of Guienne the Earle of Bologne and the Lord of Malicorne who hauing declared their Commission to the King and vsed some sharpe and bitter speeches against the Princesse Izabella he seemed to like very well of the marriage and appoynted the Arch-bishop of Seuile the Bishop of Siguença and the Master of S. Iames to agree about the matrimoniall conditions who whilest they were in this sort busied there happened a great riot at Guadalupa occasioned by Donna Eluira Ladie of Belalcaçar who hauing vnderstood that Don Alphonso Ponce of Leon Bastard-brother to Don Rodrigo Ponce of Leon Earle of Arcos did accompany and bring backe two young Ladies daughters to the Countesse
of Medellin who till then had beene kept vnder the power of the Earle of Cifuentes shee sent her brother Don Francisco of Estuniga accompanied with those of the family of Chaues of Trugillo with a great company of souldiers to make reprisall of these Ladies for certaine prisoners Kinsfolks and friends of the Chaues who were kept by the Countesse of Medellin wherfore Don Francisco hauing ouertaken them at Guadalupa D. Alphonso Ponce who conducted them thought to get the franchise of the Monasterie of Guadalupa where hee was beseeged and the Ladies with those that conducted them and the Monkes of the same place did suffer many outrages notwithstanding that the King thought to remedy the matter by sending thither the Licenciate Don Henriques who could do no good in the end Don Francisco of Estuniga and his people hauing broken vp the gates of the Couent enforced Don Alphonso to yeeld himselfe and to deliuer the Ladies into his hands whom they ledde away with them Now the marriage beeing concluded betwixt Donna Ioane and the Duke of Guienne to the great discontent of diuers Spaniards the King and the Ambassadours went to Segobia Conclusion of the marriage betwixt Charls Duke of Guien and D. Ioane there to receiue Donna Ioane who was at Guadalajara and also to apply to themselues the pardons of the Iubile which the Pope graunted this yeare vnto such as would giue money for them to wit the richer sort foure royals of plate those of the meaner sort three and the meanest of all two the third part whereof was to bee applyed to the sea of Rome and chamber Apostolicke and the other two thirds towards the building of the Cloister of the great Church of the same cittie whereunto the King furnished aboundantly to that which was wanting and gaue vnto it certaine Coapes of cloath of gold The townes of the Infanâ—asgo giuen to the Marquis of Santillana Donna Ioane was in the keeping of the Marquis of Santillana who in recompence of his paynes and cost bestowed about her entertainment receiued in gift from the King the three townes of the Infantasgo namely Alcoçer Valdoliuas and Salmeron the which did belong to the Countesse of Saint Steephen wife to Don Diego Lopes de Pacheco Marquis of Villena but shee was recompenced foure fold for the King gaue her the towne of Requegna with the rights of the port thereof the Master of Saint Iames father to the Marquis beeing hee that did order and dispose of all matters after his owne pleasure and proâ—ite There arose about the same time a great tumult in Vailliodolit betwixt the old and new Christians the old beeing fauoured and vpheld by Iohn de Biuero a rich Cittizen of the same towne and very affectionate to the seruice of the Princes Don Fernand and Donna Izabella who vppon this occasion came from Duegnas where they remayned to Vailliodolit and were lodged in Iohn de Biuero's house the which did so stirre vp the mutinous people as they came running in armes to force that house the Princes were in danger to haue beene taken if the Bishop of Salamanca who was President of the Chancerie had not suddainly put them out of the towne and caused them to returne to Duegnas The King hauing notice of this tumult came to Vailliodolit confiscated Iohn de Biuero's house and gaue it to the Earle of Benauent with the Captaine-ship of the towne and hauing pacified the people he returned to Segobia where his chiefest and most pleasing aboad was the fortresse of the which place held for a certaine time by the Master of Saint Iames was a little while before yeelded vp vnto him where hee made Andrew de Cabrera Captaine Certaine dayes after the King remooued from Segobia and came to lye in the Monasterie of Paular in the valley of Loçoia bringing with him his wife Queene Ioane D. Ioane her daughter the French Ambassadours and others the Duke of Areualo and Valence the Master of Saint Iames the Earles of Benauent Miranda S. Martha the Arch-bishop of Seuile with many other Lords Knights and Prelates but the Lords of the house of Mendoza did chiefly accompany the Queene and her daughter namely the Marquis of Santillana the Bishop of Siguença the Earles of Tendilla and Crugna and Don Iohn Hurtado the which Lords and Ambassadours beeing by the Kings commandement assembled in an open field vpon the banke of the riuer which runneth thorough the same valley where from all parts of the Countrie great numbers of people of all sorts were gathered together The Licentiate Antonio Nugnes of Cité Rodrigo was commaunded by the king to reade a writing signed with his hand and sealed with his seale contayning in substance that whereas he in times past at the intreatie and request of the great Lords of his kingdome and for to pacifie the troubles and ciuil warres of the same had declared his sister Donna Izabella his heire and successor in the State and royall dignitie of Castile and procured the Lords Prelates and Communalties of the kingdome to sweare vnto her vppon condition that she should be obedient vnto him she notwithstanding reiecting all respect and duty due vnto him who was her king father and elder brother had married her selfe without his knowledge and against his expresse commandement to Don Fernand king of Sicill and Prince of Arragon in regard whereof hee did at that present manifest and declare her to be fallen from all the right which shee might pretend thereunto and did disinherit her disanulling all promises declarations and institutions made vnto her in that behalfe commanding all his subiects that from thence forward they should not acknowledge her for Princesse but obey with a follemne oath his daughter Donna Ioane there present This writing beeing read openly with a loud voice the Cardinall of Albi the French Ambassadour came to the Queene requesting her to affirme by oath whether Donna Ioane were truly the daughter of the king her husband or not whereunto she answered King Henry of Castile his false oath that vndoubtedly she was then he made the like request to the king namely whether he did stedfastly beleeue that Donna Ioane there present were his daughter the which he affirmed saying that he had alwaies reputed and accounted her for his owne naturall daughter euer since shee was borne then presently the Prelates Lords and others which were present at that act came and kissed the Infanta's hands and following the Kings commaundement The Lords of Mendoza refuse to kisse the hands of D. Ioane they tooke the oath of fidelity vnto her after the manner accustomed to the eldest sonnes of the kings of Castile all of them calling her Princesse and heire the Marquis of Santillana the Bishopp of Siguença and his other breethren excepted who excused themselues saying that they had alreadie at another time taken the same oth which was not now needfull to be reiterated After these things the Earle of Bologne hauing
the king left the duke of Guimaranes within Toro and marched towards Zamora on the other side opposite to the Castle the riuer beeing betwixt them and hauing planted his campe round about the bridge hee did thereby hinder all men from comming foorth of the cittie on that side The placing of the campe seemed strange to king Fernand for the Portugals could no way from thence helpe those of the Castle nor yet hinder his armie much lesse could they come to battaile The King of Portugals vanity and it seemed that he did rather seeke vainly to be accounted bold and valiant by lodging so neere his enemie than to perform any worthie act as it appeared by that which hee did write to the French king the Pope and to diuers other Princes as also by that which hee published throughout all Spaine Queene Izabella sent the Duke of Villa-hermosa her brother-in-law and the Constable with two thousand horse to Fuente del Sabuco and to Alaheyos to keepe and cutte off the enemies campe from victualles and to distresse it In the meane time there wanted no mediatours for peace betwixt both the kings but it was in vaine and to no purpose The Portugall armie hauing for the space of fifteene dayes beene abroade in the fields in the dead time of cold winter the king Alphonso determined to returne to Toro And to to the end he might do it safely he sent Don Aluaro of Portugall sonne to the Duke of Bragança and the Licentiate Anthonie Nugnes of Cite Roderigo to the King of Castile to treate of a peace vppon certaine conditions which beeing refused them they had in charge to demaund a truce for a few dayes thereby to bring matters to a finall agreement This was but a pollicie to auoyd battaile and to be able to bring his armie in safetie backe to Toro There were sundrie opinions thereuppon and at the last they were answered that the truce which should be graunted should bee but short and if there were nothing concluded betwixt the two Kings King Alphonso of Portugal dislâ—dgeth froÌ„ before Zamora hee of Portugall might bee well assured not to bee suffered to depart thence with so great ease as hee imagined King Alphonso hauing vnderstood this answer beganne to dislodge secretly the same night the next day the scoutes seeing the place emptie aduertized the King that the enemie was dislodged who foorth-with commaunded the Captaines to leade the armie foorth into the field and to follow them the presse was so great at the passage of the bridge and at the going ouer the riuer of Duero by boate and other-waies as the soldiers could conueniently as a good part of the day was spent before the armie could passe the riuer and much time was afterward lost in ranging the battaile into wings and squadrons which was ordered after this manner They made a squadron of the kings Guard Battel betwixt the Spaniaâ—ds and Portugois and of the troupes of horse of Lemos and Salamanca of the Townes of Olmedo Valiodolit Medina del Campo with others which was commaunded by the great Master Don Henry Henriques On the right hand of this squadron were sixe battaillions the first was conducted by Don Aluaro of Mendoza who a little before that time was created Earle of Castro Xeris and Don Guttiere of Cardegnas and Rodrigo of Vlloa the second by the two Alphonso's of Fonseca the one Bishoppe of Auila and the other Lord of Coca and Alaexos the third by Pedro de Guzman the fourth by Bernard Franc the fifth by Don Pedro de Velasco and the sixt by Vasco de Biâ—ar brother to the Bishoppe of Salamanca On the left hand the Cardinal of Spaine ledde the first battalion the second the Duke of Alua the third the Earle of Alua de Lista the fourth Don Garcia Osorio who brought thither the troupes of the Marquis of Astorga his Nephew betwixt these two the foote-men were placed and in this manner the army marched on vnto the hilles which are betwixt Zamora and Toro and there it stayed It was thought that the Portugals making such hast would bee at Toro before the Spanish armie should passe these hilles and a Councell beeing called to determine what was best to be done the most part were of opinion to turne backe againe and to content themselues to haue gained the honour that the enemies had fled from them but the Cardinall of Spayne beeing a wise man and of an exceeding great spirit thinking that they did iudge amisse of the King of Portugals desseignes intreated the king to suffer him to goe to the toppe of those hilles with certaine troupes of horse for discouerie who hauing obtayned leaue and beeing gotten vp to a very high place hee espyed the armie of Portugall in order of battaile without any trouble or confusion at all Returning then to the king he told him that the enemies meant nothing lesse then to flie and that hee had seene them standing in good and martiall order wayting if any would follow to fight with them Whereuppon euery man beeing placed and ranked in his order and squadron the armie with great courage and resolution marched on The king of Portugall descrying the Spaniards marching towards them caused his people foorth-with to make a stand and with great magnanimitie to turne their faces towards them resoluing rather to dye fighting then to retirie with shame Hee was at the same time stronger in horse-men than king Ferdinand wherefore after hee had diuided his squadrons betwixt himselfe his sonne the Prince the Bishoppe of Ebora the Earles of Phâ—ro Villa-reall and other Captaines and encouraged the Knights and souldiers with a large and well-composed speech putting them in mind of the victorie which King Iohn the first wonne from the Spaniards at Aljubarotta he caused them to march forward to the fight The chiefe strength and flower of the Portugall Cauallerie lay in the squadron of Prince Iohn against whom King Fernand caused the sixth battaillion on his right hand to aduance themselues altogether albeit that D. Alphonso de Fonseca first of all and Don Aluaro de Mendoça Earle of Castro after him had requested the honour to bee the first that might charge them The Portugals which were in that squadron ioyned with those whom the Bishop of Ebora conducted made so braue a resistance as the Spaniards turned their backes so as at this first incounter the victory seemed to be on the King of Portugals side the Spaniards being sore hurt by the Artillery and by the Crosse-bowes of the Portugall-footemen These being retired the other squadrons gaue in vpon the residew of the Portugall army with better successe Notwithstanding that the valor of either side made the fight doubtfull for three houres space In the end the Portugalls not being able to hold out beganne to giue backe and were disordred and put to flight taking the high-way towards Toro as fast as they could gallop but being pursued there was a great slaughter
on by the Cardinall of Spaine by Don Lewis Osorio Bishop of Iaen Alphonso de Cardegna Maister of Saint Iames Iohn de Estuniga Maister of Alcantara Don Rodrigo Alphonso Pimentell Earle of Benauent Don Lorenzâ— Suares de Figueroa Earle of Feria Don Pedro Porto caâ—ero Lord of Palma Rodrigo de Vlloa who went as Ambassador with other great numbers of nobilitie With this company the Princesse arriued at Badajos in the beginning of Nouember 〈◊〉 a small streame diuiding Castile from Portugal and passing on to the bridge of Caia ouer a little streame which deuided Castile from Portugall shee was deliuered into the hands of Don Manuell Duke of Beja cousin germaine to the King who beeing accompanied with the Bishops of Ebora and Coimbra with the Earles of Monsanto and Marialua and diuerse other Knights they brought her to Estremos where King Iohn and the Prince his sonne met her and in that place they were married by George d' Acosta Archbishop of Braga after that they went to Ebora Mariage of the Infants D. Alphonso of Portugall and Isabell of Castile where they feasted with great pompe and magnificence Don George bastard sonne to the King was present at the wedding who was newly come from the Monastery of Iesus d'Auero where hee had till then beene brought vp vnder the gouernment of Don Ioane his Aunt the Kings sister who dyed not long before At these feasts the King maintained the tilt against all knights that would runne furnishing them with horse and armor This yeare one thousand foure hundred ninety and one the kings of Castile beeing at Siuill Castille they began to giue order for the siege of Granado sending for the Knights and men of warre from all places of the kingdome as well on this side as beyond the hills commanding them to meete at Alcala the reall to which place they went in the moneth of Aprill hauing in their company the Prince and the Infantas their children who with the Queene remained at Alcala The king passing on into the plaine countrey of Granado with the Armie consisting of ten thousand horse and about forty thousand footemen in the which were in person the Maister of Saint Iames the Marquis of Villena hee of Cales and his brother in lawe Don Rodrigo Ponce de Leon who did begin this warre the Earles of Vregna Cabro Cifuentes and Don Alphonso de Aguilar diuerse great Lords which came not themselues sent thither their forces The Constable remained Viceroy in Castile the old The Campe hauing marched as farre as the place called Los ojos de Huescar stayed there and the Marquis of Vellena was sent with 3. thousand horse and 5. thousand foot into the valley of Aletin to other places and passages of the country called Alpuxarras to spoile it and because the King was aduertized that in the same country were a great number of Moores able to make resistance he followed the Marquis and passing along by Granado he maintained skirmish with diuers Moores which came forth for that purpose who with great losse were repulsed the King went forward and by the way met the Marquis and his troupes as they returned who had burned and destroied nine townes and slue more then fiue hundred Moores whom they found carelesse and secure thinking themselues safe from any search in those sharpe and stony places so their forces beeing ioyned together they returned againe into Las Alpuxarras to make an end of spoyling what was left And King Fernand hauing notice that three captaines of the Moores were come forth of Granado and had made themselues masters of a passage he sent the Marquis thither who fought with them and draue them thence hee slue aboue one hundred of them and tooke three score prisoners and they destroied fifteene townes more in the country besides those nine aboue mentioned with great store of spoile which they carried away with them for the Moores did alwaies thinke that their goods were safer in those places then in the city of Granado After which exploit the army was brought backe to Pradal from thence marched to a place called Gosto There the king by the aduice of the Lords which were with him Seege of Granada caused the compasse of a city to be measured out which was called Saint Foy with an intent to build houses in that place for the beginning of the army if it should be constrained to winter there and if the seege of Granado should bee drawne out in length The city of Holy faith as it was greatly feared they gaue it the title of Saint Foy in regard that warre was vndertaken for the augmentation of the Holy Christian faith Round about the foresaid compasse the campe was lodged being fortified and rampired with trenches and walls for feare of surprizes in which workes the Moores failed not to hinder them by comming forth of Granado with continual skirmishes The Queene with her children came from Alcala to the campe the Maister of Saint Iames and the Marquis of Cales went forth to meet them and she with her Ladies were lodged in the safest place of al the campe and they did oftentimes ride about the quarters where for their disport they did many times behold the fights and skirmishes which were almost euery houre made a farre off and one especially among the rest where as the Moores in great troupes being come forthwith two peeces of Artillery A great skirmish wherein the Moores are defeated did loose them with 600. of their men slaine vpon the place and more then fourteene hundred of them hurt the Marquis of Cales leading the Christians who attributed that victory to the Queenes good hap and she ascribed it to the Marquis his good fortune Now those of Granado were not long able to hold out for the greater numbers of horsmen which were wont to sally forth of the city Great necessity in the city of Granado were so diminished as they hardly had 300. horse of seruice the rest were lost and consumed in the last wars and besides this the city which conteined aboue 200. thousand persons was very ill prouided of victuals so that diuers caualiers and men of great note began to deuise means how to treat with the Christians for their safty to be short al of them considering the state whereinto they were brought and that they had no hope or expectation of reliefe from any place they were glad to hearken vnto composition and agreement in yeelding vp the city to the Kings of Castile wherefore King Mahomet the Little resolued to giue place to necessity and to receiue this fattall wound to fall from his crowne and regall dignity and to become vassal and subiect to his enemies and to that purpose he sent to entreat the Kings to appoint commissioners to treat and compound with him This newes was pleasing to the Christians who did not thinke to haue gotten it so good cheape therefore D. Gonçall Hernandes de Cordoua
D. Ferdinand gouernour of them for the Queene D. Ioane her daughter whereupon hee desired to know their opinions Reformation of king Ferdinands testameâ—â— by the aduice of some of his councell if hee had not done well These three men zealous of the good of those realmes told him freely that in so doing he had not prouided for the peace and quiet of the realmes wherefore he should call backe that article and name prince Charles gouernour of them as Lawe and Iustice required shewing him the great inconueniences which might happen if haply the Infant D. Ferdinand finding himselfe feiled of so great Estates should seeke to hold them such thoughts being easie to breede in the hearts of princes The king yeelded to this Councell and reformed his Will in that point in regard of Castille and that which is incorporated vnto it As for Arragon and Sicile hee left the gouernement to his base sonne D. Alphonso archbishop of Saragosse and vntil that prince Charles came he appointed gouernor in his absence by the aduice of this Councell Cardinall Francis Ximenes of Cisneros saying that he knew him to be an honest man and wel affected fashioned and aduanced by him and by the Q. D. Isabella one who had no great aliances had alwayes shewed himselfe a faithfull seruant As for the realm of Naples he confirmed the gouernment with the same condition to the viceroy D. Raymond of Cardone in Nauar there had bin viceroy D. Frederic d' Acugna commaÌ„der of Montemolin of the order of S. Iames brother to the erle of Buendia Some few dayes before he had obtayned from Pope Leo a new prouision in his owne person of the three masterships of Castille Saint Iames Calatraua and Alcantara the which he desired to resigne to the Infant D. Ferdinand whom hee loued deerely but hee was in like manner persuaded not to doe it for hee should remember of what importance in former times one of those masterships had bin in the person of a priuat man to trouble the realme and therefore hee must thinke that if all these were ioyned in one and he of the bloud royall hee equalling without doubt the kings power might cause greater alterations whereupon the king demaunding What then shall the Infant do remayning so poore It is answered his Councellours the best and goodliest inheritance that you can leaue him for finding himselfe poore it wil giue him occasion to seek the loue of prince Charles his brother who will aduannce him These things pleased the king who gaue vnto the Infant D. Ferdinand 50000 ducats of yerely rent vpon Brindes Tarentum Infant D. Ferdinand ill appâ—inted and other places in Apulia in the realme of Naples by the aduice of the same councellors Out of the reuenues of the realm of Sicile he left vnto his wife Q. Germaine thirtie thousand florins of gold of yearely rent the which was afterwards assigned in Castille vpon the townes of Arcualo Maâ—rigal and Olmedo hee left moreouer vnto her tenne thousand ducats in the realme of Naples These Ordinaunces in forme of a testament were written by the hand of one of the aboue named Councellours reuoking that which hee had made at Burgos all beeing done in great secret to the end that nothing might come to the knowledge of the Infant D. Ferdinand who was then at Guadalupe nor of his Gouernours and Ministers who did hope to mannage the realme after the Kings decease The will beeing written out faire it was receiued by the Prothonotarie Clement of Velasco The Queene D. Germaine hauing notice of the extremitie of the Kings infirmitie at Calataiub whereas the estates of Arragon were held shee came with all speed to Madrigalejo and was at his death which was on the three and twentieth of Ianuary one thousand fiue hundred and sixteene being three score and three yeares old and hauing raigned one and forty yeeres one moneth and nine dayes Death of king Ferdinand king of Arragon comprehending the time that king D. Philip of Austria raigned The Kings Councell and the Noblemen beeing assembled they resolued to send to the embassadour Adrian who attended the king at Guadalâ—pe wherefore Doctor Caruajal and the Licenciat Vargas were sent vnto him who brought him to Madrigalejo where in his presence the kings will was opened and read whereof they gaue a copie to the embassador at his request Afterwards by the aduice of them all D. Bernard of Rojas marquesse of Denia and the licenciate Ronquillo Alcaidâ—or prouost of the Court did accompanie the Kings bodie to Granado and the other Noblemen went to Infant D. Ferdinand at Guadalupe where the funerall was made with royall pompe and ceremonies The body passing by the citie of Cordoua there ioyned with it D. Martin of Angulo bishoppe of that citie the marquesse of Priego the earle of Cabra with other Lords and Knights which did accompany it vnto Granado where with the state woorthy of such a prince hee was interred in the chappell of Kings by Queene Isabell his wife whose bodie had beene left in the Alhaâ—bre of that citie A little before the kings death Iohn Dyas de Solis of Lebrixa chiefe Pilot to the king Indies parted from the port of Lepe with three shippes armed to goe and discouer countries in the new world vnder the equinoctial where hee had already beene and found out the great riuer of Panaraguasa which hee had named the riuer of Plata or of Siluer where beeing arriued and entred hee landed with fiftie Spaniards thinking to 〈◊〉 all things quiet as hee had at the other time but hee found himselfe surprized and charged by a multitude of Indians who slew him and all them that had landed with him Spaniards slain is the riuer of Plata by the Indians and eate them the rest which kept the shippes being terrified weighed anchor and returned into Spaine laden with bresill and white ansine which they vse for dying 15 D. Manuel king of Portugall had alwayes continued his nauigations and discoueries at the East with good successe and profit Portugall and imitating the example of the king of Castille hee prest the African Moores his neighbors vpon the westerne shoare from whom hee tooke the towne of Zasin Exploits of king Manuell in Afrike by the meanes of Nugno Fernandes of Ataide who was the first Gouernour and afterwards hauing sent Iames Duke of Bragance his nephew with two thousand horse and fifteene thousand foote who landing at Marzagan did assaile and take the towne of Azamon beeing abandoned by the Moores and soone after Almedina yeelded with other places of that territorie in which expeditions the Duke of Bragance purchased so great same Bragance a terroâ—r to the Moores as at this day the name of Bragance is a terror to the Moores To supply the charges of this war conquests the King D. Manuel hauing emptied his cofers he obtained from Pope Leo by his embassadours Triâ—â—an of Acugna and doctor
Iohn of Albret and D. Katherine D. Ferdinand and D. Isabella his wife kings of Castille and Arragon seized on the realme of Nauarre beyond the Pyrenees and joyned it to Castille XXXVI HENRY the second of Albret successor to the rights of Nauarre second of that name in the yere 1517. MARGVERITE of France sister to king Francis the first his wife Ioane whom Bertrand Helie calls Charlotte XXXVII IOANE daughter to Henry the second succeeded in her fathers rights married to ANTHONIE Duke of Vendosme of the noble house of Bourbon Henry Katherine XXXVIII HENRY the third of that name in Nauarre and the fourth in France in the yere 1572 and raigned 38 yeares MARGVERITE of Valois from whom he was diuorced hauing no children MARIE de Medicis daughter to the duke of Florence his second wife by whom he had Lewis with diuers other children XXXIX LEVVIS now raigning the second of that name in Nauarre and the thirteenth in France he succeeded to his fathers rights in the yere 1610. Line of Arragon I. There is mention made about the yeare 775 of Aznar the sonne of Aznar and grand-child to Ende Duke of Aquitaine who had two sonnes Galinde and Ximenes Garces II. D. Galinde obtained some lands of the Soueraigntie of Nauarre and had his dwelling and seat at Iaca This was the beginning of Arragon D. Theuda who was Queene of Nauarre D. Ximen Aznares D. Endregot III. D. Ximen Aznares sonne to D. Galinde the third Earle of Arragon IIII. D. Ximen Garces brother to D. Galinde fourth Earle of Arragon in the yeare 803. D. Garcia Aznares his sonne V. D. Garcia Aznares sonne to D. Ximen Garces fift Earle of Arragon D. Fortun Ximenes his sonne VI. D. Fortun Ximenes sixt Earle of Arragon D. Vrraca as some say daughter to this D. Fortun and others to Endregot aboue named vnited the Earledome of Arragon to the Crowne of Nauarre bringing it in dowrie to the King D. Garcia Inigo second of that name VII D. Garcia Inigo king of Nauarre and seuenth Earle of Arragon in the yeare 867. D. Vrraca aboue named his wife D. Fortun their eldest sonne the rest are named in the Line of Nauarre VIII D. Fortun king of Nauarre second of that name and eight Earle of Arragon in the yeare 885. IX D. Sancho Abarca king of Nauarre and ninth Earle of Arragon brother to D. Fortun in the yeare 901. X. D. Garci Sanches sonne to D. Sancho Abarca king of Nauarre and tenth Earle of Arragon in the yeare 920. XI D. Sancho Garces sonne to D. Garci Sanches eleuenth Earle of Arragon raigning in Nauarre in the yeare 969. XII D. Garcia the shaking sonne to D. Sancho Garces king of Nauarre and twelfth Earle of Arragon in the yeare 993. XIII D. Sancho the Great sonne to D. Garcia the shaking thirteenth Earle of Arragon in the yeare 1000. This king of Nauarre erected the Countie of Arragon to a Realme and gaue it to his base sonne D. Ramir as appeares by the discourse by the Historie First King of Arragon D. RAMIR first of that name sonne to D. Sancho the great king of Nauarre was the first king of Arragon in the yeare 1034 and raigned 42 yeares D. ERMISENDE daughter to the Earle of Bigorre by some named Guberge his wife Children D. Sancho Ramires D. Garcia Bishop of Iaca. D. Sancha Countesse of Tolousa D. Theresa Countesse of Prouence He had by a concubine D. Sancho Lord of Ayuar Atares and Xauierre II. D. SANCHO RAMIRES king of Arragon in the yeare 1076 he raigned 18 yeares and vsurped the realme of Nauarre D. FELICE daughter to the earle of Vrgel his wife Children D. Pedro king D. Alphonso king D. Ramir a Monke and then a king By a concubine whose name is not extant D. Garcia Bishop of Iacca III. D. PEDRO first of that name sonne to D. Sancho Ramires in the yere 1094 he raigned 14 yeres D. BERTHE or IGNES his wife an Italian They died both before the father D. Pedro D. Isabell IIII. D. ALPHONSO first of that name brother to D. Pedro in the yeare 1108 and raigned 26 yeares he married D. Vrraca the heire of Castille and died without children after him Nauarre was separated from Arragon V. D. RAMIR a Monke sonne to D. Sancho Ramires and brother to the last kings was king of Arragon in the yeare 1134 by election of the Estates his raigne was vncertaine for hauing for the most part led a Monkish life he gaue ouer the gouernment of the realme vnto his sonne in law D. Raymond Berenger Earle of Barcelona D. AGNES sister or daughter as some hold to William Earle of Poictiers his wife mother to D. Petronilla heire of Arragon D. Petronilla daughter to D. Ramir did not raigne as some hold but her sonne D. Raymond whom she had by the Earle of Barcelona D. Raymond Berenger who gouerned the realme in qualitie of a Regent and was called Prince of Arragon who had by his wife Petronilla among other children which are named in the line of Cattelogne this sonne D. Raymond who changed his name and was called Alphonso VI. D. ALPHONSO second of that name called before Raymond sonne to the Earle D. Raymond Berenger and of the Princesse D. Petronilla in the yeare 1162 he raigned 34 yeares D. SANCHA daughter to D. Alphonso Raymond king of Castille and Leon and of D. Rica she was mother to Children D. Pedro king of Arragon D. Alfonso Earle of Prouence who had to wife D. Maria de Folcaquier whence descended D. Raymond Berenger who was married to Beatrix daughter to Thomas Earle of Morienne who had Marguerite queene of France Leonora Queene of England Sancha Queene of England Empresse Beatrix Queene of Naples Ioane who had the countie of Prouēce as the Arragonois say D. Ferdinand a Monke D. Constance Queene of Hungarie and then Empresse D. Leonora Countesse of Tolousa D. Sancha Countesse also of Tolousa D. Doulce a Nunne VII D. Pedro 2 of that name sonne to D. Alfonso the 2 in the yeare 1196 he raigned about 18 yeares His first wife was of the house of Folcaquier by whom he had D. Raymond Berenger D. Marie daughter to the Earle of Mompellier who had beene marryed to the Earle of Cominges by this second wife he had D. Iames king By a Concubine not named D. Constance marryed to William Raymond of Moncado Seneschall of Cattelogne VIII D. Iames first of that name sonne to the king D. Pedro the first in the yeare 1213 hee raigned 43 yeares D. Leonora of Castille daughter to king D. Alfonso the 9. by whom he had D. Alfonso who dyed before the father D. Violant daughter to the king of Hungarie his second wife mother to Children D. Pedro king of Arragon D. Iames king of Maiorca who married Esclermond of Foix who brought him D. Iames a Monke D. Sancho king of Maiorca D. Ferdinand D. Philip. D. Sancha D. Sancho Archbishop of Toledo D. Isabell Queene of France D. Ferdinand D.
whereof there were many remedies applied both naturall and superstitious but to small effect so as Bamba either willingly finding himselfe vnable or otherwise quit the crowne and retyred himselfe into a monasterie where he liued seuen yeares and one moneth after that he had beene king nine yeares The place where he passed the remainder of his life is called Pampliga neere Burgos Thus Eruinge seized by force as they say of the kingdome of the Visigothes in Spaine the which the Archbishop of Toledo doth affirme yet it doth not accord well with the acts of the twelfth Councell held at Toledo vnder Eruinge where the election of this king Eruinge is confirmed and allowed as lawfull But to reconcile these contrarieties it is to bee presumed that Eruinge being king and hauing power in his hands gratifying the Fathers in some sort that he was also gratified by them as one hand washeth another or as they say in France one Barber shaues another 27. Eruinge 39 WHen as Eruinge was seated in the royall throne Anno 681. hee confirmed the lawes of the kings of the Gothes his predecessours and did authorize with his name some made by Saint Isidorus and that to the end it should not seeme that the Clergie vnder the title of the Church would vsurpe a ciuile jurisdiction he rejected many of the plebeians from all dignities and honours hauing gotten them by money and other vnlawfull meanes to the dishonour of nobilitie he ordained but with the aduice of the Romane See That no Archbishop should be subject to the Primats To fortifie the beginning of his reigne against Theofrede the sonne of Bamba whom he feared much he gaue Cixilone his daughter whom he had by Luibigotte his wife to an Earle who was rich and of great authoritie among the Gothes called Egica 12 Councell of Toledo cousin to Bamba deceased And soone after the twelfth Councell was held at Toledo which was in the yeare 681 Iulian Archbishop of Seuille being President where there assisted one and fortie Bishops An. 681. fiue Abbots and fifteene great Noblemen By the acts of this Councell in the seuenth Article it appeares Nomination of Bishops belonged to the kings of Spaine That the kings of Spaine had power to giue Bishoprickes and that to that collation the confirmation of the other Bishops of Spaine was required especially of the Archbishop of Toledo the which doth also appeare by the answere of an Epistle written by Braule Bishop of Sarragosse to S. Isidorus where he is admonished to chuse some good man in the place of Eusebius Archbishop of Tarracone deceased Isidorus answeres him That he did not know the kings pleasure therein This Councell did abolish certaine Bishops newly erected and created by king Bamba in some townes which were not very conuenient Three yeares after 13 Councell of Toledo in the yeare 684 was another Councell held at Toledo which was the thirteenth of eight fortie Bishops and three Archbishops of Toledo Bracar and Merida yet the Authors varie in the number of these Bishops An. 684. one of the decrees of these fathers was Decree not to marrie the kings widow That neither the king nor any other should marrie the widow of the deceased king nor defile her by adulterie vpon paine of excommunication and to be damned to hell fire And in the yeare 685 the foureteenth Councell was assembled at Toledo of sixteene Bishops and many Vicars of them that were absent 14 Councell of Toledo to confirme the acts of the sixt Councell of Constantinople begun vnder Constantine the fourth and some yeares after ended against the errors of Apollinaris renewed then denying the two natures diuine and humane in Iesus Christ which acts the Pope sent into Spaine that in a generall assembly of the Prelats they might be read and by their authoritie allowed and published throughout all the kingdome of the Gothes The Archbishop of Toledo was then called Iulian Pomer of the Iewes race whose father and mother had made themselues Christians a learned man religious and of a good life Eruinge hauing reigned seuen yeares died at Toledo of a naturall death leauing his kingdome to Egica his sonne in law In his time there was a great famine in Spaine 28. Egica 40 AS soone as Egica An. 688. or as others call him Egican was king he put away his wife Cixilone for the wickednesse which her father had committed against king Bamba yet he did auow the infant Vitisa which he had had by her and caused it to be nourished in hope to make it his heire in the towne of Tude or Tuy in Gallicia as if he had giuen it the realme of Gallicia and of the Sueues for a portion whilest that he reigned ouer the Gothes He caused himselfe to be absolued at a Councell held at Toledo 15 Councell of Toledo in the first yeare of his reigne of the oath which he had taken against his dutie to that vnlawfull king This Councell was called the fifteenth at Toledo whereas Iulian the Archbishop of that place did preside where there were sixtie one Bishops or sixtie six according vnto some There Iulian did maintaine by reasons and good authoritie what he had written in a confession of the Faith sent to Rome as well in his name as of all the Bishops of Spaine which was That in our Lord Iesus Christ were the word the bodie and the soule Pope Benedict an hereticke the which had beene rejected by Pope Benedict the second who as it seemes did not well vnderstand these things the Article was allowed by the Councell of Toledo and afterwards being well considered was receiued at Rome The acts of this Councell were published in Gothique Gaule in the Cathedrall Churches for that the Bishops of that Prouince could not come to Toledo by reason of the plague being enjoyned to receiue them vpon paine of excommunication and the losse of the tenth part of their goods that should oppugne them 16 Councell of Toledo Six yeares after there was the sixteenth Councell held at Toledo Sigebert being Archbishop of that place after the death of Iulian and was deposed by this Councell for his ill deseruing and in his place was set Felix Archbishop of Seuille Faustin Archbishop of Bracar was aduanced to Seuille and Felix Bishop of Portogallo to Bracar this alteration being made they did proceed to the acts The cause why they deposed Sigebert was for that he had attempted to depriue king Egica of the realme for the which hee was degraded banished his goods confiscated and excommunicated so as hee might not receiue the Sacraments but at the houre of his death yea a penaltie was inflicted vpon all clergie men of what degree soeuer they were that should attempt against their prince The yeare following 17 Councell of Toledo which was 694 the seuenteenth Councell was held at Toledo whereas the king with great humilitie demaunded many things of the Fathers
siege before the citie from whence notwithstanding they were forced to retyre by the vertue and good gouernment of those that were within it as well souldiors as citizens Soone after this king died the which according vnto some was about the yeare nine hundred thirtie nine and of the Arabians raigne three hundred twentie two hauing raigned fiftie yeares in Spaine Hee was a louer of learning so as in his time Philosophie Phisicke and all other Arts did flourish at Cordoua 11 Hali Hatan his sonne succeeded him Hali Hatan 9 Soueraigne King of the Moores in Spaine to whom king D. Sancho sent a great embassage to treat a peace betwixt the two kingdomes whereof D. Velasco Bishop of Leon was the chiefe who had charge to demaund the bodie of the infant Pelagins slaine by king Abderramen to make a relicke thereof During this time Leon. there arose a great tumult and sedition in Gallicia vpon certaine priuate mens quarrells Sedition in Galicia who slew one another cruelly without any respect vnto the king nor justice Wherefore the king D. Sancho was forced to lead an armie thither with the which he did punish some of the mutines and did force some of the rest to leaue the countrey They passed the riuer of Duero and yet retyred into a countrey which did belong vnto the jurisdiction of Leon in that quarter the which was gouerned by an Earle or Gouernor called D. Gonsales vnder the king D. Sancho This bad vassale in stead of supporting the kings justice against these mutines tooke armes in their fauour and was so rash as to oppose himselfe against the kings forces which pursued them into his gouernment but remembring his owne follie in time he had recourse to the the kings clemencie who pardoned him making his onely to confesse his fault and to take a new oath of fealtie Notable disloyaltie yet this trecherous and ingratefull wretch smothering in his breast the venome of treason within few dayes after poysoned his king and naturall Prince with an apple which he gaue him The king who distrusted nothing did presently bite of it but his heart being suddainely infected with the poyson he began to shake and to shew other signes that he was strucken with death wherefore he made hast to returne to Leon but he died vpon the way in the twelfth yeare of his raigne and of our redemption 941 and lyes at S. Sauiours in Leon. He had by wife D. Theresa one sonne called D. Ramir who succeeded him in the realme of Leon. They find it written That a little before his death there were great flames of fire seene rise out of the Ocean Prodigie the which being carried vp into Spaine burnt a great countrey and manie villages as farre as Zamora In the meane time the Earle of Vrgel gouerned in Barcelone and Cattelogne Barcelone as tutor to his nephewes sonnes vnto the Earle D. Mir the last deceased being vnder age whereof the eldest to whom the Earledome belonged was called D. Sâ—niofrid as his tutor was Of this Earle of Vrgel issued two sonnes D. Borel who was the sixt Earle of Barcelone and D. Armingaud Bishop of Vrgel who was reputed a Saint The State of Barcelone and Cattelogne was gouerned by him in qualitie of tutor for the space of twentie yeares The religion of Spaine in those times was wholly reduced to the seeking out of Martyrs bones Religion in Spaine in those times and other relickes The building of Monasteries gifts and foundations were held most meritorious as well for the liuing as for the dead The inuocation of Saints deceased whose victories peace and other prosperities well knowne to the world were then in credit Most of the Bishops and Pastors were either verie prophane or exceeding superstitious and ignorant In the raigne of D. Ramir Ordogno the third The Bishops of Spaine in those dayes and Sancho the fat there had beene Bishops of Compostella after Sisenand the fourth Gundesin who was much vnlike vnto his predecessor in holinesse of life whose health was obtained by the prayers which his mother a verie deuout woman made continually as the Spaniards say before S. â—aques Sepulchre which the Angelicall voices heard at the Bishops decease did witnesse after whom Hermigild was chosen a very prophane man then came Sisenand as bad as the other You may conjecture that the other Bishoprickes were no better furnished then that of Compostella These kings made foundations and gaue infinite priuiledges to Abbots and other Clergie men for the redemption of their soules and of their predecessors as their letters aboue mentioned containe D. Garcia Sanches Nauarre did also confirme the vow of S. Emylian in his countrey by letters dated in the yeare nine hundred thirtie foure The Bishops did the like for their parts Galinde Bishop of Pampelone for the great deuotion which he had vnto the Couent of S. Sauiour of Leyra where sometimes had beene the Episcopall seat of Pampelone gaue vnto the Abbot and religious of that place all the titles of the Archpresbiterie of the valley of Onsella by an Instrument dated nine hundred thirtie eight The King D. Garcia and D. Theresa his wife gaue Villar de la Tour neere vnto Nagera with all the territorie and jurisdiction to the same Monasterie in the yeare nine hundred fortie three Moreouer by other letters dated in the yeare nine hundred fortie foure D. Garcia and the Queene his wife and D. Galinde the Bishop who is there called by the King his lord and master confirme the donation of part of the titles belonging to the Bishop of the places aboue mentioned And besides there is another donation made of all that the king of Nauarre should conquer from the Moores Infidels and Barbarians D. Ramir the third of that name and twentieth King of Leon. 12 IN the yeare nine hundred fortie one Leon. D. Ramir was setled king at Leon at whose comming the Norman pyrats did much annoy the coast of Gallicia This king being verie young he was gouerned by the Queene D. Theresa his mother and by D. Eluâ—ra sister to the deceased king his father being a religious woman The peace which had beene treated with Hali Hatan was confirmed by the mediation of the Bishop D. Velasco who was at Cordoua at the death of D. Sancho and had brought with him the bodie of the infant Pelagius Monasterie of S. Pelagius the which was layed in a Monasterie built to that end by the deceased king The Normanes which came into Gallicia being led by a captaine called Gundired spoyled all along the sea shore and entring into the maine land they burnt townes villages and castles spoyling and putting all to the sword they encountred holding as it were the possession of Gallicia for the space of two whole yeares the which the king D. Ramir had no meanes to resist by reason of his nonage yet in the end he was persuaded to send some troupes of souldiors
thought themselues sufficiently discharged if they did build any retreate for Monkes and withall they had an assurance that their beginning should not remaine imperfect nor vnprouided of rich reuenues seing that the hearts of Kings and of all men in generall were seasoned with this perswasion that to enrich the Clergie was the true meanes to wipe out all their offences and to bee saued Wherefore all their exhortations councells and other care tended only to this end to entertaine all especially the Nobilitie in this opinion This Bishop according to this kind of doctrine built and erected this Monasterie of Nostra Signora of Irançu and there placed the religious of Cisteaux the Abbot of which place is of great authoritie in Nauarre and hath a voyce in the assembly of the Estates as a chiefe member of the Clergie 11 Returning to the secular affaires of Castile wee finde that this yeare Don Alphonso Castille the Noble made another roade into Nauarre being assisted by Don Celebrun Arch-bishop of Toledo and many other Bishops but to small effect The most renowned among the Knights which serued him were Don Gonçal of Maragnon his Standard-bearer and Don Roderigo Guttieres Lord Steward these were Offices in the court of Castile An. 1177. which were held during the kings pleasure This warre was diuerted by the inuasions which the Moores made into Castile and Arragon Cuenca taken from the Moores in the yeare 1177. Whereupon the two Kings ioyning their forces together beseeged Cuença The place was strong and well manned and hard to be forced wherefore the King of Castile left the king of Arragon there who after many assaults tooke it There they placed and instituted in Episcopall seate changing that of old Valeria by a graunt from Pope Alexander the third After which the Moores of Alarçon doubting they should not be able to defend that place quit it which conquests remained to Castille and this was at the same time when as King Don Alphonso the Noble did remit the Soueraigntie and homage which the King of Arragon did owe to the Crowne of Castille In the yeare 1179. An. 1179. there was a new League made and confirmed betwixt these Princes of Castille and Arragon League against Nauarre to make warre against the king of Nauarre at their common charge and equall conquests according to the which Don Alphonso the Noble did so presse the King Don Sancho alongst the Riuer of Oja as hee tooke from him the places which hee had seazed on during his infancie and recouered Burbiesca Cereso Granon Entrena and Logrogno remaining by this meanes Lord and Master of Rioje and Bureua Rioâ—e and 〈◊〉 taken by the â—astillans from Nauarrâ— the which the kings of Nauarre could neuer after get The losse was made more grieuous by the death of Donna Beacia Queene of Nauarre a Princesse of great vertue who as some write was buried in the Cathedrall church of Pampelone 12. After all this D. Alphonso the Noble came to Burgos to prouide for the necessities of the warre as well against Nauarre as the Moores and hauing need of great sums of money to that end he propounded in a generall assembly of the Estates at Burgos to leauie taxe vpon the people whereunto the Nobility as well as the rest should contribute imposing fiue Marauidis of gold for euery person the which was valued aboue fiue Ducats this counsell was giuen him by Diego Lopes de Haro Nobility of Castile defend their freedoms Lord of Biscay but it tooke no effect for all the Gentlemen of Castile beeing discontented that hee sought to infringe their liberties fell to armes and beeing led by the Earle Don Pedro de Lara they were resolued to defend it with the hazard of their liues Wherefore D. Alphonso changed his opinion and let them vnderstand that from thencefoorth hee would maintaine their immunities and that whatsoeuer he had then propounded was not to continue but onely to supply the present necessitie of this affaires which he would seeke to furnish by some other meanes For the great resolution which D. Pedro de Lara shewed in this action they say that the Nobilitie of Castille did grant to him and to his successors a sollemne breakâ— fast in testimonie of his good indeuour in a businesse of so great consequence and moreouer they affirme that thereby the Lords of Lara haue the first voice for the Nobilitie in the Court of Castil VVhente the Prouerb comâ— in Spaine to reuenge his Nâ—bilitie for 500 solz It is not from these 5. Marauidis of gold that the Prouerbe is growne in Spaine To reuenge or defend their Nobilitie for fiue hundred solz for fiue Marauidis are not fiue hundred solz Wherefore leauing all the fables which some produce to that purpose you must vnderstand that according to the ancient lawes of Castile the iniurie which any one did vnto a Gentleman where they was a ciuill reparation they payed fiue hundred solz for a fyne which were worth foure hundred Marauidis of currant money at those dayes and that which was done to one which was no Gentleman was repayred by three hundred solz which were worth but two hundred and fortie Marauidis wherefore the Prouerbe to reuenge his Nobility for 500. solz is drawne from these ciuill lawes D. Alphonso king of Castile meaning to follow the warre with all vehemencie against the Moores after that he had recouered those places which D. Sancho king of Nauarre had taken from him and the quarrels betwixt him and his vncle Don Fernand king of Leon beeing somewhat reconciled by the mediation of the Noblemen and Prelates of both Realmes and by the meanes of the king of Arragon who sent Don Berenger Bishop of Lerida and D. Raymond of Moncada thither the more to tye the holy Knights vnto him and to haue them readie at need he made Vcles the chiefe seate of the Knights of Saint Iames to whom he gaue the Townes of Mora Ocagne Oreja and other places along the riuer of Tayo He gaue to the Order of Calatraua the townes of Magueda Aceca Cogolludo Surita and others hee peopled the towne of Palence in Vera or rather Playsance and there placed the auncient Episcopall sea hee fortified Toledo and rampared Alarcos in that Diocesse beeing a place of importance vpon a hill on the left hand comming from Almodouar del Campo to Cité reall about Caracuel 13 In the meane time there fell out a great quarrell betwixt Don Fernand king of Leon Portugal and Don Alphonso Henriques King of Portugall by reason of the fort of Cité Roderigo Kings of Leon and castile in quarrell whereas the King of Leon maintained a garrison which did much annoy the Portugals for the souldiers of this place did continually spoile the Portugals countrie without any respect wherefore D. Alphonso Henriques who was now very old sent this sonne D. Sancho with an army against this garrison of the King of Leon and to
After him Gençalo Peres Lord of Molina did rebel beeing mooued therevnto by D. Gonçalo Nugnes de Lara who beganne to ouerrunne and spoile those parts which lay neere his houses like an enemy not ceasing for any admonitions or threats made vnto him in the Kings name vntill that hee was forced to goe and besiege him in Molina notwithstanding by the means of D. Berenguela the Queene mother hee was restored to the Kings fauor and the souldiers were drawne from before Molina But D. Gonçalo Nugnes de Lara who for feare of punishment was retired into the Moores country demanding pardon also could not obtaine it wherefore hee liued the remainder of his daies which were but short at Baeça in Andalusia where hee died miserably as his brethren D. Aluaro and D. Fernand had done worthy in truth of great punishments for their rash and seditious enterprises beeing greater and more eminent then all the other Noblemen of the realme The King beeing freed from this care and the realme in some quiet D. Maurice Bishop of Burgos an English man borne beganne in the yeere of our Lord 1222. to set his hand to the building of the great church of that city An. 1222 according to the fashion wee see it at this day the which was finished in his time The Episcopal seat was before at Saint Laurence The Archbiship D. Roderigo caused them also this yeere to worke about the building of the chiefe Church of Talauera the which was indowed with foure dignities and twelue Chanoiâ—s and at the same time the Churches of Vailledolit and Osma were built by a Bishop of Osma who had beene Secretary to the King D. Fernand. The church of Padron the Bishops lodging and the bridge which is vpon Minio were also then built by the care and charge of D. Laurence Bishop of that place It was also about the beginning of this yeere 1222. that D. Ramir Infant of Nauarre Nauarre brother the King D. Sancho the retired was made Bishop of Pampelone of whose charity Authors write with admiration that hee gaue all he had vnto the poore and the more his riches did abound the more he gaue In all the time after the marriage of the King D. Iames Arragoâ—â— and D. Elenor of Castille vnto the yeere 1228. when as the warre of Majorca was attempted the realme of Arragon was troubled with continual seditions procured by the Infant D. Fernand the Kings vncle beeing exceeding ambitious who hauing entred into League with D. Nugno of Arragon his cousin sonne to D. Sancho Earle of Rosillon D. William of Moncada a little before enemies but now growne friends vpon this occasion Pedro d' Ahones and others tooke vpon him againe the Regency of the realme by force in the yeere 1223. and distributed amongst his fauourers and confederats the chiefe dignities of the realme holding the King and Queene in his power but a while after the King esçaped from Tortosa and retired to Hucâ—ra or Horta where hauing conferted with the Nobility hee raised an armie with the which hee entred the territories of the Moores of Valencia and Murcia beeing tired with ciuill tumults so as hee forced Azebut or Zeit King of Valencia to promise him tribut and in like manner him of Murcia which was the fiâ—th penny of their imposts In this warre many commaunders of the League intermedled contrarie to the Kings liking Amongst others D. Pedro d' Ahones discontented that the King had made a truce with the Moores sought to breake it and did often lead troupes of souldiars into the territory of Valencia spoyling all he found so as the King hauing often aduised and intreated him to conteine himselfe but in vaine hee commanded they should take him prisoner D. Pedro de Ahones 〈◊〉 but D. Pedro seeking to defend himselfe being pursued by the King and others was slaine by D. Sancho Martines de Luna with a lance the which did put all the townes of Arragon beeing already infected into open rebellion against the King who marched presently with his army into the countries of Sobrarbre and Ribagorça whereas the houses lands and subiects of D. Pedro were the which he wasted al he could The townes of Saragossa Huesca and all the rest except Calatajub followed the Infant D. Fernand and the Noblemen of his faction as defenders sayd they of the publike liberty the chiefe of the Saragossans was their Bishop D. Sancho d' Ahones brother to D. Pedro that was slaine On the other side the Kings army was led by D. Blasco Alagon and Artal de Luna who did much annoy them of Saragossa and others In the end the mildnesse patience and dissimulation of the King D. Iames surmounted al these alterations and mutinies who could so winne the Princes and Noblemen beeing much troubled to maintaine this warre as they all submitted themselues vnto him by whose example the townes were quiet yet the citties of Saragossa Huesca and Iacca made a league amonst themselues for the defence of their lands and iurisdictions against theeues and robbers and remainders of ciuil dissentions and erected a Magistrate holding a forme of Iustice like vnto that which they call Hermandades in Castille yet without any preiudice to the Kings royal preogatiue 13 In Castille whilest that the King D. Fernand was busie to suppresse his owne subiects and to dispose of the affaires of old Castille Moores the Inhabitants of Cuenca Huete Alarcon and Moja beeing gathered together made a roade into the territories of Valencia from whence they brought a great booty This was an aduice giuen by D. Berenguela the Queene mother and the prelates of Castille to the end they might breake the truce which was betwixt her sonne and the petty Kings of the Moores thinking it high time the King should goe to the warre and that it was the dutie of a Catholike Prince to pursue these infidels Fernand King of Castille eâ—â—ers Andalusia with what right soeuer Wherefore the King animated by this councel gathered his army together and marched into Andalusia where at his first entry Aben Mahomad King of Baeça made himselfe his vassal sending to meet the Christians army when it was at the passage of the mountaine called Puerto del Muradal Afterwards they came to Quesada whereas many Moores were slaine and many taken the townes of Lacra Teua and Palhes were abandoned by the Moores the castles of Esnader Escamel and Espulei were razed whereof the two last were yeelded by composition From thence D. Lope Dias de Haro was sent with D. Fernand Coci Maister of the Order of Saint Iames and D. Gonçal Tuannes maister of Calatraua to Biuoras whereas there were certaine bands of Arabians of Affrike whom they defeated bringing away many prisoners D. Roderigo Ximenes the Archbishop and Primat did accompany the King in this expedition who after these happy exploits returned to Toledo whereas the Queenes attended him In the meane time D. Iames King of Arragon Arragon being discontented
that the Castillans had attempted to inuade the Moores vpon the marches of his conquest according to the diuision which had beene made by the Popes order entred into Castille by his fronter where he did some spoile towards Soria and therefore the peace was like to breake betwixt these two Kingdomes yet the King D. Fernand beeing come to Cuenca the two Kings were reconciled and had a friendly enterview there yet the King of Castille to the preiudice of Arragon had receiued Zeit Abenzit King of Valencia to fealty and homage as his vassal who beeing terrified with the great power of the Christians and mooued by the example of the King of Baeça was come to the King D. Fernand to Cuenca In the yeere 1224. there was a new army raised Mâ—â—res and led into Andalusia An. 1224. which committed great spoiles and tooke Andujar and Mortos with many forts and castles of smal fame finding no resistance in field And in the yeere 1225. the Christians army was lead againe into the Marches of Andalusia being drawn thether by their good successe the King affecting nothing more then this Moorish warre wherein he tooke exceeding delight In which expedition Xadar was taken and other inestimable harmes done vnto the Infidels Of the fruits of this war the Knights of Calatraua had Martos for them and their successors then was there in Spaine Legat for Pope Honorius the third Iohn Abbatis Villa Bishop Cardinal Sabina who perswaded the King of Castille An. 1226. not to suffer the Moores in quiet but to presse them whilst they were wauering wherefore in the yeere 1226. the army of Castille assembled at Toledo was lead into Andalusia where they tooke from the Moores Saint Esteuan Exnatoraphe and the Tower of Albep or Albezo and beâ—ieged Iaen which they could not take Christians in pay with the Morres against the King of Castile for the towne was great and well fortified with men and all things necessary for the warre In it was D. Aluar Perez de Castro a banished man of Castille with 160. horse Christians Wherfore the king D. Fernand raysing his siege went to Priego where there were many knights of the Almohades lodged Exploits of the Christians against the Moores who were very rich the town was taken by assault soone after the castle yeelded by coÌ„position After which the Christians tooke Loxa hauing taken great spoiles and many prisoners in those places they came and camped at Alhambra which was a strong place seated vpon a steepe rocke but the Moores were so amazed as without any resistance they abandoned their goods and fled to Granado whereby it seemes that that part of the fort of Granado which is called Alhambra was built and peopled by these Moores Granada and Alhambra for after that time the towne of Granado began to be wonderfully peopled with Moores which were chased from such towns places as the Christians did win in Andalusia The fort of Alhambra being spoiled the Christian army did ouerrun the champian country of Granado burning and destroying al they found with great slaughter of the Moores amongst the which there died a famous captaine called Harippus a great enemy to the Christians who had done them much harme the yeeres before The Christians approched so neere vnto the city of Granado as the Moores â—earing to be besieged or that they wold spoile their goodly building there abouts compounded and did homage to the King D. Fernand deliuering him 1300. Christian captiues which they held This composition was treated by Aluaro Peres de Castro aboue mentioned whom the King D. Fernand receiued then into grace And thinking he had done ynough he returned with this victorious army to Toledo D. Roderigo Ximenes did not willingly loose any one of these voiages yet he could not bee present at this last by reason of a sicknesse which surprized him at Guadalfajar so as hee gaue his troupes to D. Dominike Bishop of Plaisance with power to execute his Episcopal charge in the campe So did the Prelats in those daies labour in the Lords vineyard as many doe also in this age The Garrisons left by the King at Martos Andujar and other places of the fronter among the which was D. Aluar Peres the commander the maister of the Order of Calatraua beganne to spoile the territories of Seuile whereas there raigned a mighty Moore Moores of Seuile deâ—catâ—d called Abullalle or Aben Lalle who hauing drawne a great number of soldiars out of Seuile Xeres Carmona and Eccia came and charged these Christians who were neither amazed nor weake wherefore they did not onely withstand the Moores valiantly but did wholy defeat them so as there were 20000. slaine vpon the place yet the Moores hauing repaired their forces besieged the castle of Garces and notwithstanding that the Christians which were nere did attempt to succor it and that the King D. Fernand with D. Lope Dias de Haro with many other knights did aduance to raise the siege yet the place was taken wherefore the King D. Fernand came to Exaldalulla whether the King of Baeça came vnto him being accompanied with 3000. horse Almohades and Alarabes and a great number of foote offring both himselfe and his men to doe him seruice 14 Aben Mahomad King of Baâ—saâ—puts â—im selfe vnder the protection of the king of Castille He was welcome to the King and entertained with al signes of friendship These Princes being together they made an accord by the which the King of Baeça promised to deliuer vnto the King of Castille the castiles of Saluatierra Burgalhimar Capilla vpon condition the King of Castille should take him his country into his protection defend him against al menifor assurance of the deliuery of which places it was agreed that the castle of Baeça shold be presently giuen in pawne to the King of Castille the which he should yeeld vp againe when hee should be in possession of the sayd three castles Burgalhimar was presently deliuered and 15. daies after Saluatierra yet with some difficulty receiued a garrison of Castille but Capilla a place in the Archbishoprike of Toledo strong by nature beeing built vpon a rocke would not obay wherfore three months being spent in treaties and parlees and nothing concluded the King returned to Toledo leauing the fronter well manned and winter being past he came and laied siege to Capilla being stil seized of the castle of Baeça this place was obstinatly defended by the Moores which were rebels to Aben Mahomad who furnished the campe with victuals from Cordoua whether he was retired shewing him selfe faithful in al things to the King D. Fernand. In the end Capilla was yeelded vpon condition they should depart with ther baggage and then the King returned to Toledo sixe weekes after his departure Soone after hee had newes that the Moores subiects to Aben Mahomad incensed at the submission which hee had made vnto the King of Castille and
these realmes before the daughters who were forced to agree with their brother and had 30000. doublons euery yeere during their liues This accord betwixt the King Don Fernand and the Infantes of Leon his Sisters was wrought and concluded betwixt the Queenes D. Berenguela the Kings mother and D. Theresa mother to the Infants after that the King had beene crowned in Leon the chiefe city of the Kingdome in the presence of the Bishops D. Iohn of Oueydo D. Roderigo of Leon D. Nugno of Astorga D. Martin of Salamanca D. Michel of Cite Roderigo and D. Sancho of Coria By this accord the King D. Fernand did peaceably enioy the Realmes of Leon Galicia the Asturiaes hauing raigned thirteene yeeres in Castille the re-union of which Estates made this yeere 1230. 73. yeeres after their last diuision hath remained firme euer since without any further seperation From Leon the King came to Beneuent whereas the Infantaes his sisters met him and there did ratifie the accord made by the two Queenes renouncing all pretensions to the sayd Realmes and to the testament made by the King D. Alphonso their father Then the King went to visit the Prouinces Townes and Forts of his Kingdomes where without any contradiction he was receiued intertained with great ioy and acclamation of the people as it was fit This death of the King of Leon fell out happely for D. Fernand to couer his retreat from Daralferza with some honourable pretext In the meane time they made light skirmishes with the taking and recouering of castles vpon the fronters of Toledo and Andalusia In the yeere of our Lord 1231. An. 1231. Quesada was recouered by the Christians and for a reward of their valour in recouering thereof was giuen to the church of Toledo but it was afterwards lost and recouered againe diuers times The King of Castille continuing his warre Adelantamien to of Casorla giuen to the Church of Tâ—â—ledo there was established vpon that fronter that which they call Adelantamiento of Casorla by the taking of Pilos Toya Lacra Agozino Font Iulian Tour de Lago Higuera Maulula Arcola Dos Hermanas Villa Montin Niebla Casorla Concha and Chelis all which places were by prodigality and inconsiderate zeale altogether vsed in those religious times giuen in a religious acknowledgement to the Apostolike Sea by the King D. Fernand to the Archbishops of Toledo the which the haue enioyed vnto the assumption of the Cardinall D. Iohn Tauera to the Arch-bishoprike who gaue this country to the Marquis of Camaraça whose successour Don Iohn Mâ—rtine Silesio Cardinal had by reason thereof great and earnest sute against the Church of Toledo but notwithstanding that the Church had diuers sentences by reason of the great sway the Church of Rome bore at that same time in its fauour yet could they neuer gette possession of any of those places for certaine speciall reasons which are not specified 17 At that time the realmes of Naples and Sicile were held by the Emperour Frederic the second who married Yoland the onely daughter of Iohn de Brenne who called himselfe king of Ierusalem which is the reason why the Kings of Naples and Sicile haue euer since intitled themselues Kings of Ierusalem by which alliance they vnited the titles of Naples Sicile and Ierusalem which the descendentes of this Noble Princesse haue carried This Iohn of Brenne beeing chosen chiefe Generall of the Westerne succours which by the procurement of the councell of Latran went into the Country of Syria and obtained amongst them the first and soueraigne degree and was called King of Acre or Ptolemaide yet hee did neuer hold the city of Ierusalem but hauing neede of greater forces to resist the Turkes and enemies of our faith hee was forced to returne againe into Europe to sollicit the Christian Princes to assist him Beeing arriued into Italie hee married his daughter as wee haue sayd and then passed into Sapine in the yeere of our Lord 1232. to visit the sepulcher of Saint Iames which was a pilgrimage of greatest merit after that of Ierusalem Passing through Castille hee was receiued with great honour by the King D. Fernand who in confirmation of their friendship gaue him D. Berenguela his sister by father and mother in marriage The Realme of Nauarre was at that time but ill gouerned by reason of the Kings sollitary life Nauarre who was retired and did not speake with any man but his houshold seruants and would not heare of any affaires This mischiefe was increased by the death of D. Ramir his brother Bishop of Pampelone who by his authority and respect might something haue restrained them that would haue troubled the state were they home-bred or strangers wherefore about the yeere of our Lord 1231. D. Lope Diaz Lord of Biscay who had some lands in the soueraignty of Nauarre prouoked and supported by D. Fernand King of Castille hee found an occasion to commit some spoiles in the Kingdome 18 On the other side Thybauld Earle of Champagne pretending right to the sayd realme by his mother D. Blanche Impatiency of cont â—hybauâ—d of Champaigne to raigne daughter to the King D. Sancho the wise had secret practises and Intelligences in Nauarre to bee admitted to the Regency of the realme during the life of King D. Sancho the retired whereof hee being aduertised after great negligence in the end hee beganne to discouer it to his great preiudice wherefore beeing much discontented at these attempts both of the King of Castille and of the Earle of Champaigne he resolued to frustrat both of their pretentions and to be reuenged especially of the King of Castille he therefore gaue D. Iames King of Arragon to vnderstand that hee had some matters to impart vnto him which would redound greatly to his proffit and therefore he intreated him to come to Tudele excusing himselfe that hee had not come vnto him by reason of the indisposition of his person The King of Arragon fayled not to come to Tudele and for that the King of Nauarre could not stirre out of his chamber hee entred into the castle where they conferred together The King D. Sancho complayning much of D. Fernand King of Castille that not content to hold the Lands which his predecessors had wrested from him had againe inuaded and spoiled his country hee demanded his aduice and helpe to bee reuenged and hauing in like manner discoursed of the disobedience and little respect of Thybauld Earle of Champagne who had attempted to play the King in Nauarre in his life time hee concluded that if hee would make a firme alliance with him and betwixt Nauarre and Arragon to inuade the realme of Castille and not to cease vntill they had forced the King D. Fernand to restore the Lands of the riuer of Oja Bureua Alaua and Guipuscoa or beeing conquered to yeeld him the fruits and reuenues thereof and to pay the charges of the warre hee should bee content to harken to a mutuall
donation of both realmes Vniust accord betwixt the Kings of Nauarre and Arragon very profitable for the King of Arragon and his sonne D. Alphonso which was that the suruiuor should inherit both Kingdomes of Nauarre and Arragon The King D. Iaime liked well heereof for hee was in the floure of his age and his sonne also likely to liue whereas the King D. Sancho was aboue threescore and eight yeeres old and moreouer hee was so fat and full of humors and so tormented with a canker as hee expected hourely to leaue this world This Accord beeing made betwixt them they concluded that the troupes of both Realmes should bee ready against the next yeere and should meet at the Rendezuous in May. The King D. Sancho desired nothing more then to recouer the Prouince of Guipuscoa imagining that since the separation thereof Theâ—â—a a chiefâ— commodity to a country the realme of Nauarre had lost one of the chiefe commodities which a country may haue that lies vpon the sea The Noblemen and chiefe of the King D. Sanchos councell at this accord were D. Garcia Almoraâ—id D. Sancho Fernandes of Montague D. William Baudouin and D. William Iustice of Tudele which is a principall dignitie These and other Noblemen with the Deputies of the Townes of Nauarre signed the conuention and accord betwixt these two kings the which the Noblemen of Arragon which held the chiefe charges did in like manner among the which are named D. Pedro Fernandes d' Açagra Lord of Albarazin Athon de Foces L. Steward William de Moncade Roderigo Lizâ—nes Artal de Lune Simon Vrrea Blasco Maza Pedro Peres Iustice Maior of Arragon and Pedro Sanches Secretarie of State in Arragon For the defraying of this warre D. Sancho was forced to imploy his treasure which was very great for hauing liued long in this solitarie life hee might easily gather together hauing no cause of expence He therefore deliuered to the king of Arragon an hundred thousand solz of gold that is to say Crownes or Ducats in loane and aduance and had in pawne Herreta Pegnaretonda Ferrelon and Faxine and as he was wise and very iudicious in matters of war he disposed what should be done in the beginning but the loue of his treasure spoiled all besides at such time as the army was to march against Castile newes came vnto the king of Arragon that the Iland of Maiorca had rebelled wherefore beeing more carefull to keepe his owne then to take from another he made vse of those souldiers which hee had leauied for the warre of Castile and led them into Majorca so as the king of Nauarre found himself too weake to attempt any thing against Castile whereas the Earle D. Lope d' Haro was in armes to fight with him at the passage He was of opinion that the King D. Iames had mocked him so as falling into a great rage he wold breake the accord which they had made King Iames was aduertized of all that he sayd and did by some Knights of Nauarre which were false vnto their Prince and discontented with this strange and disdainfull manner of liuing of the which D. Pedro Ximenes of Valtierra was one The warre of Majorca beeing soone ended the king Don Iames returned to Tudele to excuse himselfe and to offer satisfaction hereafter yea to furnish 2000. horse with other forces for the warre of Castile but the King Don Sancho would by no meanes enter into conference with him Moreouer Don Garcia Almorauid and Don Iohn Peres de Barzan captaines of the armie which was vppon the frontiers of Castile beeing in sight of the enemie were reduced to thâ—t extremitie by Don Lope Diaz de Haro Spies in the Kings Councell as they feared euery day they should be forced to fight he neglected both them and all they did and they write that a Gentleman beeing sent from them to acquaint the king with the estate of their affaires and to demand two hundred horse of Supply with the which they should be able to giue battell vnto the Castillans he attended foure dayes and could neither haue entry nor audience Strange behâ—uior of Don Sancho the Grosse in his age This strange and disdainfull behaniour caused the king Don Iames to returne into Arragon much discontented whereupon the Castillans spoyled Nauarre the which he might easily haue preuented whereuppon he grew wayward and insupportable euen to his houshold seruants who could not please him This waywardnesse and distemperature together with the burthen of a repleate and ill-disposed bodie his long incurable disease 1234. together with his many yeares brought him to his graue in the yeare 1234. hauing raigned nine and thirty yeares nine moneths and ten dayes He was buried in the royall Monasterie of the Chanoins of Saint Mary of Ronceuaux the which hee himselfe had caused to be built D. Thibault first of that name the 22. King of Nauarre 1â— THe Nauarrois sent into France to Thibault Earle of Champagne the sonne of D. Blanche sister to the deceased king to aduertise him of this succession and to aduise him to make hast before that Don Iames King of Arragon should seaze thereon in vertue of the pretended rights by reason of the mutuall donation past betwixt the two kings at Tudele and also by meanes of the intelligences which he had within the Countrey wherein the Earle was nothing slouthfull for hauing many partizans in Nauarre who had aduertised him of all that had past betwixt the two kings and in the end of the death of his vncle The Ambassadors found him alreadie in order and readie to march towards Nauarre where he arriued happily for the well effecting of his desfeigne by reason of some lets which restrained the King Don Iames the which were more fitting for him to care for then to pursue the donation made vnto him in preiudice of the right heire of that Crowne without any reason or proportion by a king troubled with violent passions both of body and mind But it is very certaine that the king of Arragon did little respect it yea some haue written that without any difficulty he discharged the Nauarrois they requiring it of the oath fealty and homage which they had sworne when as the contract betwixt him and the deceased king D. Sancho was past at Tudele others say that afterwards he gaue all his pretensions and right to D. Pedro his sonne Thibault Earle of Champaine obtaines the Realme of Nauarre to pursue it when oportunitie did serue as a matter whereof there was but small hope Thus D. Thibault Earl of Champagne was receiued proclaimed and crowned King of Nauarre to the great ioy and content of all good Nauarrois The king of Arragon was then by the aduice of all his faithfull Councellers Arragon entred into the conquest of the Realme of Valencia hauing a fit oportunity offered by reason of the diuisions which were in the kingdome betwixt the factions of Zeit Aben Zeit and
Zael or Zaen which were both strong This Zeit Aben Zeit seeing himselfe pursued hee made open declaration of that which he had long before desseigned Zeit King of Valence baptized and making himself vassal to the king Don Iames he became a Christian and was called D. Vincent de Belluis He afterwards married a Lady called Dominick Lopes of Sarragossa of which mariage was borne a daughter called Alda Fernandes who was married to Blaiçe Ximenes d' Arenos 21 The warre of Valentia beeing resolued the Generall of the army vnder the king was D. Blasco Alagon by whose valour and diligence Morelia was taken a place which was held impregnable VVarre in Valence against the Mooâ—es Buriane was also beseeged and with great difficulty taken Peniscola Chiuert Ceruera Polpes Alcalatena Albufera Almenata Vxo Noles Castro Alfandecho Paterna Bulla and other places some by force some by composition and partly by the meanes and intelligences which king Zeit had and by the fauour of such as held his partie came into the power of the king D. Iames so as by degrees hee enuironed the citty it selfe cutting off their victuals and all other commodities In these expugnations they did then vse rammes moouing towers with many stages and other sorts of engins The resistance of the Moores which held Zaens partie was very great neither were they abandoned of their friends nor of the kings raigning in Affricke for twelue gallies and sixe vessels called Zabres of Tunez shewed themselues often as if they would land or assayle the places held by the Arragonois along the coast but without any effect The Estates of Arragon and Cattelogne were assembled at Monçon in the yeare 1236. An. 1236. for the continuance of this warre Estates at Mon son for the war of Valâ—nce and the conquest of Valencia without the which it was not lawfull for the king to vndertake any matter of importance The President at these estates was Pedro Perez Iustice maior of Arragon where there assisted D. William of Montgrin co-adiutor to the Arch-bishop of Tarragone the Bishops of Barcelona Saragossa Vic and Tortosa the Master and Prior of the Templers and Hospitaliers Friar Raymond of Pegnafort a most famous Iacobin Roger Bernard Earle of Foix and Don Fernand the kings vncle D. Ponce Cabrera Earle tutelarie of Vrgel D. Pedro Vgo Earle of Ampurias D. Nugno Sanches Earle of Rossillon D. Gerard Vicount of Cabrera D. William of Cardona D. William and Pedro of Moncada Berenger Puçuert William and Berenger ' Anglesol Bernard Portella Hugues Mataplan sonne to Hugues Galserand Pinos William of Laquila Raymond of Peralta Peter Vicount of Villemuir Raymond VVilliam Odeua Berenger Erille and William Ceruera all Knights and Noblemen of Cattelogne And of the realme of Arragon D. Pedro Cornel Lord Steward Bernard William Garci Romeo Symon Vrrea Artorella Artal de Lune Blasco Alagon Roderigo Lizana Blasco Maza Bâ—renger Gombald Entenza Symon de Foces Assalit Gudalis Fortun Verga Simon Lueza and others The meanes to defray this warre besides the Croisados pardons and indulgences were ordayned to be leuied vpon the people by the Imposition of a custome called Morabetine and the exaction of the Impost for cattell In this assembly it was decreed that all peeces of gold and siluer coyned should be of one goodnes and weight in Arragon and Cattelogne to the obseruation of which Edict for coynes all were bound to sweare that were aboue 14. yeares old During the seege of Valenciâ— many Noblemen and common souldiers strangers French and Englsh came to D. Iames his campe The Authors of the Arragon Historie write that the Kings army at the hottest of the siege might bee 60000. foot and a thousand horse meaning Knights and Masters followed according vnto the Order and Discipline of warre in those dayes by their vassalls besides the forces at sea This warre was long and the seege troublesome yet it was attempted battered and assaulted and the Moores within it brought to so great extremity as Zaen the Vsurper of that Principalitie beeing not yet well setled nor assured of the peoples wils Valâ—ncia takâ—n by the Arragonois abandoned it and retired to Denia The cittie was yeelded the 28. of September 1238. The King Don Iames had in the yeare 1232. beene diuorced from D. Elenor of Castile his wife and yet had declared D. Alphonso their son the lawfull heire of the realmes of Arragon and Maiorca the lands of Cattelogne Vrgeil Montpellier and others appointing for Gouernors of his youth the Bishop of Tarragone the Masters or Priors of the Templers and Hospitaliers and William Ceruera ordayning that he should be bredde vp at Monçon and if he should chance to die then did he substitute vnto his Realmes and Seigneuries Don Fernand of Arragon his vncle and Don Raymond Berenger Earle of Prouence his cousin Notwithstanding the king Don Pedro during this warre of Valencia contracted a new marriage with the daughter of Andrew king of Hungary named Violant Genealogie of Arragon by whom he had a sonne called D. Pedro who was king after him of Arragon and Valencia and Prince of Cattelogne he had moreouer the Infant Don Iaime who was king of Maiorca and Minorca and Earle of Rossillon and Montpellier and a third called Don Sancho who was Arch-bishop of Toledo and Primate of Spaine Hee had also fiue daughters by her D. Isabell married to Philip the third King of France sonne to Saint Lewis D. Violant who was Queene of Castile and Leon wife to D. Alphonso the ninth D. Constance married to Don Manuell brother to the sayd D. Alphonso King of Castile D. Mary and D. Elenor who dyed young The dowrie of Queene Yolant or Violant as Surites writes was ten thousand Markes of siluer and two hundred of gold for her mothers rights Dowry of Q. Yolant for the which the Duke of Austria became answerable Moreouer a portion of the County of Namur in Flanders and the lands and rights which her Predecessors had enioyed in France with certaine places which she did then possesse in Hongarie and others that were fallen to her in Bourgogne by her mothers right and succession This Princesse was conducted to Barcelona in the yeare 1235. by the Bishop of the fiue Churches and a kinsman of his called Cont Denis who remained in Arragon and was the Author of the noble family of Denis which is vnited to that of Vrrez hee had two sonnes Amour and Gabriel Denis Don Pedro the eldest son of Queene Yolant was married young to Constance daughter to Manfroy bastard to the Emperour Frederick the second whom they called Prince of Tarentum which was a degree to attaine vnto the succession of the Realmes of Naples and Sicily Cattelogne freed from the Soueraignty of France and by the marriage of his daughter Isabel with Philip the Hardy sonne to Saint Lewis the French king the Kings of Arragon obtayned as the histories of Spain report a full freedome of the
died at Rome whose successor Benedict the eleuenth absolued the King his house and his realme who held the sea but eight monthes After whose decease there grew great factions for the election of a new Pope so as the sea was voide aboue tenne monthes for that the French and Italian Cardinals beeing assembled at Perugia could not agree who in the end concluded that three French Cardinals should be named by the Italians or else three Italians by the French one of the which should bee chosen Pope by the other faction The Italians would needs name three French prelats whom they knew to bee discontented and enemies to King Philip among the which was the Archbishop of Bourdeaux called Bertrand Gor sonne to Bernard a Basque by nation who was chosen Pope by the French and that at the instance of King Philip who during the delay of forty daies which had beene reserued for the two parties after the nomination to aduise which of the three they should choose was aduertised of all and they say that hee aduertised the Archbishop that he was one of the three named and that if hee would promise and sweare vnto him to doe many things which he propounded and among others to change the Popes sea from Italy into France it was in his power to make him Pope The good Archbishop desirous to attaine to that dignity promised it and did effect it being chosen causing all the Cardinals and Officers of the court of Rome to come to Lions where he was crowned in the Church of Saint Iust that yeere 1305. There were present the French King with many other Princes and Noblemen and an infinite multitude of people of all sorts During the pompe of this coronation Duke of Brittany slaine at the â—opes coronation Iohn Duke of Brittaine was slaine with the ruine of an old wal on the which there was a world of people to see this spectacle and the King and Pope himselfe were in great daunger Hee was called Clement the fifth who sent three Cardinals to Rome to gouerne the city and other places of the territories of the Church Hee made his residence in France for the most part in Auignon where other his successors remained for the space of seuenty yeeres which were Clement the fifth Iohn the two and twentith Benedict the twelfth Clement the sixth who bought Auignon of Queene Iane Innocent the sixth Vrbaine the fifth and Gregory the eleuenth who returned the sea to Rome It is called by the Italians the new transmigration and captiuity of Babilon This Pope granted to the French King the tithes of the Clergy for reparation of the spoiles which the warre had caused and the right of patronage of many Churches which were vacant to prouide Ministers and Pastors worthy of their charges King Lewis Hutin did accompany his father during all the alterations so as he could not so soone goe into his realme of Nauarre as he desired besides hee was very young notwithstanding all dispatches were made in his name After that the Kings of France had vnited the crowne of Nauarre to theirs Pretention of Soueraignty in Nauarre by the Kings of Castille all quarrels for precedence which the King of Castille pretended ceased the which hauing in former times gotten ouer France by their great power they now lost by the same right of a greater power which was that of France Philip Earle of Poictiers brother to King Lewis Hutin to whom the King of Arragon had sought to marry his daughter Mary vpon condition that they should make him King of Nauarre An. 1306. was married in the yeere 1306. to Lane daughter to Othelin Earle of Bourgongne Lewis King of Nauarre comes into his realm the marriage was celebrated at Corbeil after the which Lewis King of Nauarre went vnto his realme well accompayned with French Noblility beeing at Pampelone hee was crowned to the ioy of his subiects in the yeere of our Lord 1307. and then he beganne to stile himselfe King An. 1307. beeing about sixteene yeere of age Hee sware to obserue the lawes and rights of the realme and then hee went tovisit the towns and places thereof with a great concourse of his vassals and subiects who had not of long time seene their Kings and Soueraigne Princes to whom the King shewed himselfe milde and affable Notwithstanding being in the towne of Estella hee caused D. Fortun Almorauid and Martin Ximenes of Ayuar to bee put in prison who had mutined for the preuiledges of the Nobility of Nauarre against the French Gouernors and had medled in the gouernment for the preseruation of the country whereat the Nauarrois were somewhat discontented but he paied them with reasons and parting out of Nauarre to returne into France he carried these two prisoners with him D. Fortun died in prison but Martin got his liberty through the fauour of the Earle of Vallois who notwithstanding liued not long after Hee was followed by aboue two hundred gentlemen Nauarrois whom he aduanced in France both to make them more affectionate by his bounty Pope Clement the fifth transports the Papal seâ— into France and to accustome them to the manners of the French and also to haue so many hostages of those whom he distrusted 21 Pope Clement the fifth hauing as we haue sayd done a memorable act which did much import the Italians and other nations to haue transported the Papal sea into France vndertooke an other businesse worthy of no lesse fame the Knights Templets being growne very rich were by consequence insolent they were enuied by great men and generally hated so as the people either mooued in conscience and desire to reforme and roote out vice An. 1308. Pursutt for the abolition of the Templers or seeking to haue partof the spoile in the yeere of our Lord 1308. An. 1308. made informations against them through al Christendome sending word to the Bishops to make inquiry in their Bishopriks of their liues manners and religion citing them generally to appeere at a councell which he had called to that end at Vienne in Daulphine in the yeere of our Lord 1310. Before and after this councel many of them after informations made being attainted and conuicted of greeuous crimes of heresie Apostasie other impieties against God nature and al good manners great executions followed many being conuicted were put to death by fire and other punishments many whose accusations were not well verefied being cruelly tortured confessed greenous crimes whereof they would discharge themselues being at their executions and of this number was the great Maister of the Order called Iames Mole of Bourgongne many also without any confession were put to death wherefore the Pope hauing made a strict serch resolued to abolish this Order and pronounced this sentence against them in the presence of the Kings of France and Nauarre Sentence giuen by the Pope against the Templers of Charles Earle of Vallois Philip and Charles brethren to
much ballance their affaires by the succours he gaue by sea vnto the French hauing sent a good number of ships of warre vnder the command of Ambrose Becanegra a Genouois his Admirall who stopped the passage in such sort betwixt France and England as besides many small prizes which he had taken he defeated a fleet of English about that time and tooke sixe and thirty of their vessels neere vnto Rochel by which victorie Rochel came vnder the obedience of the French king Rochel yeelded to the French and the greatest part of the prey and prisoners were carried into Spaine among the which was the Earle of Pembrooke Generall of the army Besides which succours the king Don Henry being come from Burgos to Saint Ander he sent Don Ruy Diaz of Rojas into the Prouince of Guipuscoa to make ready a new army of 40. ships the which he sent soone after vnder the command of the same Ruy Diaz to the French K. who came to Rochel and hauing ioyned with a French Captaine called Iohn Calais who had about twenty Barkes all together came and set vpon another fleet of English whom they likewise put to rout and then Don Ruy Diaz returned a victor into Spaine so as the English had reason to seeke to diuide the king of Castile from him of France and to draw him vnto their partie Pope Gregorie the eleuenth presumed to interpose his authoritie in these Princes quarrels the which did not please them Hauing made an accord betwixt the Kings of Castile and Nauarre he would also reconcile the controuersies that were betwixt Castile and Arragon and to this end hee sent the Cardinall of Cominges into Spaine who prest the two Kings to send their Deputies to debate their cause before him Don Henry named for his part the bishop of Burgos and Don Aluar Garcia of Albornoz Lord Steward of his house the king of Arragon deputed the bishop of Lerida and Don Râ—â—mond Alamâ—n Ceruillon who agreed that thâ— Colledge of Cardinals should determine this controuersie But these Princes beeing better aduised that it was not fit their quarels should be decided by the Court of Rome they tooke a better course to agree betwixt themselues The towne of Tuy which had for many mâ—â—eths refused to obey D. Henry now submitted about this peace of Arragon But the warre was renewed betwixt Castile and Portugal by reason of many prizes taken in the port of Lisbone Portugal and at sea of ships and merchants of Biscay Guipuscoa and Asturia and also for that the King Don Fernand gaue a retreat vnto the banished men of Castile concerning matters of State and also that hee had contemned the marriage concluded betwixt him and Donna Leonora of Castile to marrie Donna Leonora Telles of Meneses Neece to the Earle of Barcelos a Lady of great beautie but much inferiour in qualitie to the Infanta Donna Leonora of Castile and Donna Leonora of Arragon whom he might haue had with great profit to his Realme and to himselfe honour Hee contemned these marriages Marriage vnlawful of the king of Poâ—tugal taking away his subiects wise which had beene very beneficiall to himselfe and to his Realme of Portugall to marrie this Ladie offending God and all good lawes for he tooke her violently from her husband Laurence Vasques of Acugna forcing him to flie into Castile where he past the remainder of his dayes in exile carrying commonly hornes of siluer on his hat to witnesse the lust and infamy of his Prince yet some to excuse this fact write that the king caused this marriage to be dissolued by the Popes authoritie as vnlawfull by reason of the neerenesse of consanguinitie of the which notwithstanding there was issued one sonne called Aluaro of Acugna The king was made sure vnto her in the presence of the Earle of Barcelos and a â—â—ster of hers called Don Mary who had mannaged this marriage and to whom the king had imparted his loues When this marriage was published in Lisbone the inhabitants incensed that the king had left so profitable and honorable a marriage Tumult at Lisbon for the kings mariage as that of Castile began to mutine and hauing taken Fernand Vasques of Acugna for their Captaine they sent 300. armed men about the kings pallace and gaue the king to vnderstand in the behalfe of the citty that hee should leaue this woman else they would take her and do vnto her as their Predecessors had done to the king D. Sancho Capello in the like case The king fearing the furie of this multitude answered them mildly that in what they did they were good subiects being iealous of his honour and thanked them for their good will but he let them vnderstand that D. Leonora Telles was not his married wife and intreated them to retire vntill the next day when he would talke to them more amply of that businesse in the Monasterie of S. Dominicke This blast being blowne ouer the king parted by night out of Lisbone and carried D. Leonora Telles with him into the countrie betwixt Duero and Minio and retiring towards Porto he lodged neere vnto it in the Monasterie of Leza where he married this Lady publikely not caring how his subiects tooke it He commanded that all men should acknowledge her and call her Queene and gaue her the townes of Almadra Sintra Torresuedras Atognia Ouiedos Alanguer Abrantes Villa viciosa and many other places All in the end yeelded to it without murmuring seing it was the kings pleasure and D. Leonora had the title of Queene giuen her by all men but by D. Denis the kings brother who would neuer kisse her hand saying That it was her duty to kisse his whereat the King D. Fernand was so incensed as if Don Denis had not retired presently by the meanes of those that were then present he had stab'd him with his dagger for this cause the Infant retired himselfe for euer after into Castile When as D. Leonora Telles saw her selfe installed Queene shee made a diligent search who had bin the chiefe motiues of the mutiny at Lisbon and vnderstanding that they were of the family of Vasques of Acugna she ceased not to pursue them with a deadly hatred vntill she had forced many of them to flie into Castile Of this marriage betwixt the king D. Fernand and D. Leonora Telles issued D. Beatrix Genealogie of Portugal who was married to D. Iohn the first King of Castile borne at Coimbra and afterwards a son and a daughter who died yong some Authors hold that they were borne in adulterie committed by the Queene with D. Iohn Fernandes of Andeiro a knight of Gallicia borne at Corunua Moreouer the king before this marriage had a daughter called D. Izabel The king D. Henry hauing these causes of discontent against the king of Portugall he gaue him to vnderstand by his ambassadors that he could not take it in good part that he had retired his rebellious subiects of which he demanded
sent their Deputies to informe the king what wrong he should do himselfe if hee should alienate such a place from the Crown the which besides the great commerce by reason of the forges of Iron and steele which were continually set a worke thereabouts was a fort of great consequence vppon the which there might be many desseines made for the castell which was then entire was impregnable beseeching him to be an eye witnesse and to passe by the place remembring that the Inhabitants of Mondragon had beene alwaies faithfull vnto him and that during the warres betwixt him and the King Don Pedro they had alwayes followed his partie The king promised to passe by their towne wherefore the Inhabitants thereof and of the countrie thereabouts beganne to make the lower way which goes from that towne to Ognate whereas before they wer forced to passe the mountaine called Bacue to the end the King should not be tyred with passing ouer it This passage is at this day called Euripide a corrupted word in sted of Erreguevide the which in that countrie language signifies a way for the king The King Don Henry hauing viewed the situation of the towne and fort with the commodities thereof and considered of the Inhabitants reasons he would not yeeld vnto the petition of Don Bertrand of Gueuara but he gaue him in recompence the valley of Leniz with all iurisdiction both ciuill and criminall This valley was wont to depend vppon Mondragon but then it was taken from it and the sayd Bertrand and his successors haue enioyed it for the space of an hundred fourescore and two yeares or there-abouts vnto the yeare 1556. when it was vnited vnto the Crowne by a decree of the Kings Councell of Castile The king parting from Mondragon returned to Burgos from whence he past to Leon and then to Seuile Whilest that the king of Arragon was attentiue to the warre against the English the Infant Don Iames of Majorca Arragon husband to the Queene of Naples entred into Cattelogne with fifteene hundred lances beeing assisted by the Kings of France and Castile and by the Duke of Aniou where he did much harme On the other side Bernard bastard of Foix first Duke of Medina Celi and Geoffrey Rechon a Knight of Brittanie Lord of Aguilar del campo allyed and friends to the Infant of Majorca spoyled the countrie of Arragon by Medina Celi the which did wonderfully trouble the King of Arragon and made him studie how hee might speedily end the controuersies which he had with the king Don Henry The Infant Don Iames of Majorca hauing spoyled Cattelogne past into Arragon to do the like but he was forced to retire for want of victuals leading his armie into Castile where he fell sicke and dyed in Almaçan in the beginning of the yeare 1375. His troupes returned into Gasconie with Iohn of Malestit their chiefe leader In this armie was Ieanne of Majorca Marquesse of Montferrat sister to the deceased Don Iames who past also into Gasconie Some were of opinion that this attempt of the Infant of Majorca was not without the intelligence of some great men of Arragon who had drawne him into the countrie whereof the king made diligent informations At that time there was so great a dearth in Arragon as they were forced to begge a passage for corne out of Affricke and Mauritania the which did warrant the country from this inuasion more then any resistance that the king D. Pedro could make This yeare 1374. the King of Castile redeemed from Bertrand of Guesclin Constable of France An. 1374. Castille the towne of Soria and the rights of Molina which he had giuen him paying him 240000. doublons and moreouer he gaue him the Earle of Pembrooke an English man who was a prisoner and set at 10000. pounds sterling for his ransome and the Lord of Piene for 3400. pounds with many other knights and Captains English or their partisans as well for this redemption as for the remainder which was due to him his troups And holding alwaies good correspondencie with the French K. during the war against the English he sent him a good armie by sea whereof D. Fernand Sanches of Touar was Admirall the which beeing ioyned vnto the French did much annoy the English coasts The practises of a peace betwixt Castile and Arragon being continued the ambassadors of both kings met at Almaçan whether came to Queene of Castile and her sonne D. Iohn There were for Castile the Bishops of Plaisance and Palence and D. Pedro Gonçales Of Mendoça Lord Steward to the Infant of Castile with his brother D. Iohn Hurtado of Mendoça Standard bearer also to the Infant Pedro Fernandes of Velasco Chamberlaine to the king For the king of Arragon came the Archb. of Sarragossa and D. Raymond Alaman Ceruillon who treated of the differences betwixt the two kings with great eagernesse in the presence of the Queene of Castile The king D. Henry demanded that the Infanta D. Leonora daughter to D. Pedro king of Arragon should bee deliuered to the Infant D. Iohn his Son to whom she was made sure The king of Arragon answered that the king of Castile must performe that which he had promised and sworne when he came first out of France into Castile by Arragon which was to giue him the lands often before mentioned whereunto he of Castile replyed that he was no more bound for that the king of Arragon had beene since in League with the Prince of Wales his enemie and had had many treaties with other Princes to his preiudice Moreouer that returning the second time out of France he had not giuen him free passage through Arragon Besides these maine articles there were others of lesse consequence all which were reconciled by these Deputies The accord was made the twelfth of Aprill 1374. Accord betwixt D. Henry King of Castile and D. Pedro king of Arragon in the Monasterie of Saint Francis of Almaçan as followeth That the Infanta Donna Leonora of Arragon should bee giuen to the Infant Don Iohn of Castile as his lawfull wife with a dowrie of two hundred thousand Florens of the coyne of Arragon which summe the king Don Henry should hold for receiued for the charges which the king of Arragon might haue beene at in the first passage which hee made through Arragon into Castile The King of Arragon should restore Molina Almaçan and other places which he had gotten during the troubles of Spaine and to auoyde all future controuersies betwixt the parties Don Henry king of Castile should pay vnto him of Arragon an hundred and eighty thousand Florens at dayes appointed For assurance whereof the forts of Requegna Otiel and Moya should be left in deposit◠in the hands of the Arch-bishop of Sarragossa and of Don Raymond Alaman of Ceruillon These things thus concluded the King D. Henry came to Soria with the Queene his wife and children whither the Infanta D. Leonora of Arragon was sent thither
werefore he made all the hast he could to enter into Portugall beeing loth to let slip this occasion Before his departure he propounded in councell to put his brother the Earle of Gijon to death but he was perswaded by many graue reasons and examples to forbeare Don Iohn Master of Auiz a bastard the first of that name and tenth in number chosen King of Portugal IN Portugal his aduersaries lost no time but prouided for all that was necessarie for a future warre Assembly in Portugal for the election of a king for the better managing whereof they were of aduise to choose one who should haue soueraigne authoritie among the rest for the effecting whereof the Noblemen and Knights of the Realme who reiected the gouernement of Castile among the which the most eminent were Don Iohn Master of Auiz and Don Nugno Aluarez Pereira assembled in the cittie of Coimbra and there held a king of Parliament whither also came the Deputies of the townes of their partie there it was debated whether they should choose a Regent or a King Many were of opinion they should choose a king and gaue their voices some to Don Iohn Master of Auiz base sonne to the king Don Pedro others sayd it was more reasonable to make Don Iohn lawfull sonne to the king don Pedro king who was prisoner in Castile Many considering the wrong they did therein to the Queene D. Beatrix were of opinion that it was better to seeke some good accord with Don Iohn king of Castile her husband whereunto some did oppose saying that the Queene D. Leonora Telles De Meneses could not be lawfull wife to king Fernand hauing taken her by force from her husband Laurence Vasques of Acugna and therefore D. Beatrix was no more legitimate then the Master of Auiz and that being both base it were better to acknowledge him for king then her that as for the Infant D. Iohn a lawfull son to whom the crowne of Portugal did rightly belong that his deliuerie was vncertaine and therefore they must not stand vpon it the Portugals hauing then need of a free king to oppose himselfe against the attempts of Castile who sought to oppresse them D. Iohn master of Auiz chosen king of Portugal This opinion preuailed and they all consented to choose D. Iohn Master of Auiz for king of Portugal and so he was proclaimed eighteene moneths after the interregne in the Monasterie of Saint Francis of Coimbra in Aprill this yeare 1385. the people crying out that it was that king which was prophecied by the Infant at Ebora whereof mention was made This king is called by the Portugals of happie memorie for that he freed the country from the Castillans whose gouernement was exceeding hatefull vnto them he was also surnamed the Bastard for that the king D. Pedro begat him out of marriage He shewed a great courage and generositie in the reception of this great charge to defend a Realme diuided against the power of the king of Castile being allyed to France and Nauarre but a Royaltie and the liberty of his country did sufficiently requiâ—e the perill and danger which he did vndergo The king D. Iohn being aduertised of that which the Portugals had done at the Estates at Coimbra he sent D. Pedro Tenorio Archbishop of Toledo a Portugal borne with some troupes to retaine in their fidelitie such as followed his party in Portugall This Prelate entring the countrie by Viseo made a miserable spoile where hee past Castillans defeated at Troncoso for which he smarted soone after beeing incountred and defeated by the Portugals nere to Troncoço On the other side the inhabitants of Algarbe following the new kings partie had seazed vpon the towne of Mertola and as they bettered the castle they were suddenly charged by them of Seuile and put to flight the leader was D. Aluar Perez of Guzman Gouernor of that city a yong Nobleman of 18. years of age and in a manner at the same instant the Castillans tooke a great quantitie of victuals and munition which they of Yelbes and Estremos kept in Ronchez The king of Castile resoluing to beseege Lisbon againe had prepared many vessels both for war and to carrie victuals the which came neere vnto Lisbon and kept the mouth of the riuer so as no man could go in or come out from Lisbone Exploits of the new king of Portugal All this did not daunt the new king of Portugal but hauing speedily assembled his forces he went to assaile Guimaranes the which was valiantly defended by Arias Gomes of Silua a Portugal who was affected to the king of Castile yet it was yeelded vppon a good composition after which he tooke the cittie of Braga pont de Liuan with other places and forts Whilest these things past in Portugal the king of Castile burning with desire to see himselfe king of this other Realme made great preparations and notwithstanding that his Councellors vppon his returne into Portugal were of diuers opinions yet he yeelded to those that perswaded him to enter wherefore leauing Donna Beatrix his wife at Auila he marched towards Portugall and layed seege to Cillorico de la vera where during his stay considering the doubtfull euents of warre especially against Rebels the vsurpers of Realmes who shew themselues alwaies violent hee made his will and sent it to the Arch-bishop of Toledo to keepe by the which hee ordayned many things the which shall be specified in the life of his sonne and successour Don Henry which bred much troble within the Realme for that hee gaue out whilest he liued and after the making of this will that he meant to alter many things and yet he made no other will whereof the chiefe witnesses were Don Pedro of Arragon sonne to D. Alphonso the first Constable of Castile and Marquis of Villena D. Iohn cap de Vaca Bishop of Coimbra Peter Gonçales of Mendoça Lord Steward of the kings house Diego Gomes Manrique great Gouernour of Castile Pedro Lopes of Ayala Standard-bearer of the Order of the Band with Tello Gonçales Palomeque and other men of marke The Castle of Cillorico was taken from whence the armie marched towards Coimbra burning all the villages thereabouts and so passing on by Leyra they came and camped at Soria whereas a messenger sent by Don Nugno Aluarez Pereira newly created Constable of Portugal came vnto the king intreating him in his masters name to auoyd the battell which should besoone presented vnto him and that it might be there would be meanes to come to some good accord if it were earnestly sought This was but the Constables pollicie to stay the king of Castile for that the king of Portugalls armies was not strong enough to encounter their enemies whereunto the king made a gracious answer The new king of Portugal was in Arbantes very pensiue seeing himselfe much inferiour to his enemie who besides the Castillans which were in great numbers had many Noblemen of Portugal in his
whom shee named but this was an information made without any aduerse party to the great scandale of Queene Leonoras marriage so as by the aduice of the royall councell of Castile it was supprest The Queene remayning obstinate not to returne to her husband the King of Castile preuailed so with her as shee yeelded to send Don Leanne her eldest daughter for hee gaue her to vnderstand that it would somewhat pacefie the King of Nauarre Besides it was to bee feared that if shee staied her hee might in despight institute his brother Peter Earle of Mortaing heire of his realme It did much import the Nauarrois to haue this daughter in the fathers power fearing least the mother should marry her to some Castillan against the fathers will and to the preiudice of the liberty of the Realme The daughter was deliuered to the Ambassadors with one of her sisters being royally accompanied from the towne of Roa whether the King and his sister came to send her into Nauarre where shee was receiued with great contentment to the King and the Nauarrois yet he was much discontented at the rebellion and contempt of the Queene his wife This businesse being ended Castile the King of Castile came to Segobia where he did institute the Order of the Knights of the holy Ghost causing collars of gold to bee made like vnto the sunne beames at which did hang a white doue This collar hee himselfe did weare and gaue it to many Knights that were most familiar with him shewing them a certaine booke of Orders which they must obserue Moreouer he would also institute an other deuice which he called Reason the which Esquires which carried themselues valiantly in Iousts and Tournayes and did any commendable act should carry yet hee beeing dead these things died likewise with him which follwed the same yeere 1390. He was resolued to passe into Andalusia An. 1390. to order the affaires of that Prouince and administer Iustice passing in the month of October by Alcala of Henares thether came vnto him fifty Christian Knights borne at Maroc in Affrike who being sent for by him had past the seas with leaue from their King and were come to doe him seruice Hee receiued them gratiously and promised them pensions and lands in Castile They were of the most ancient families of Maroc Farfanes-Christian affâ— ikans hauing alwaies held the Christian religion and were called the Farfanes The King desirous to see them mannage their Genets for they had the report to bee good horsemen went to horse-backe and going out at the port which is called of Burgos he entred into a plowed field and beginning to gallop his horse ouer the furroes he stumbled in the medest of his course and fell vpon the King who was so brused as hee died being but two and thirty yeeres old whereof hee raigned eleuen and three monthes his body was carried to Toledo and buried in the Chappell of the last Kings where his father and mother lie A Prince endowed with good parts but vnfortunate and too sharpe to his brother the Earle of Gijon the which did somewhat blemish the luster of his vertues he was a friend and rewarder of valiant men and religious according to the time Hee was founder of three of the chiefe Monasteries in Spaine and gaue them great reuenues that is the Carthusians at Valdelo çoya in the territorie of Segobia in Rascafrie the which is commonly called Paular the royall Monasterie of the Order of Saint Benet at Vailedolit the chiefe of the Religion in the Realmes of Castile Leon Arragon and Nauarre built whereas the old fort did stand And moreouer hee founded the church and house of Santa Maria of Guadalupe whereas he put religious men of Saint Ierosmes Order and tooke away the Chaplains which were wont to bee there ar which place there is an Image which they hold doth miracles This King was very pittifull to Princes and men of marke that were strangers and afflicted as it appeered by the deliuery which hee sought with great affection of Leon King of Armenia who was prisoner with the Sultan of Aegipt to whom hee sent an honourable Ambassage to that effect And afterwards this Prince beeing retired into Spaine he gaue him conuenient reuenues and pensions vpon the towne of Madrid and other places in Castile It is he whose tombe is in the Celestins church at Paris where he died mediating a peace betwixt the French and English The King of Nauarre hauing laboured in vaine for the haue the Queene his wife returne vnto him Nauarre desyring to haue her crowned with him like vnto other Queenes hee resolued not to delay his coronation any longer wherefore he assembled the Estates of his realm in the city of Pampelone whereas the sollemnity of his coronation was made as followeth The Deputies of the Clergy Ceremony at the King of Nauarres coronation Nobility and third Estate beeing assembled with the Ambassadors of forraine Princes in the great chappell of the Cathedrall church the Bishops beeing in their Pontificall habits Don Martin of Salua Bishop of Pampelone who was afterwards Cardinall spake the words vnto the King O King our naturall Lord it is fit before you receiue the Sacrament of the holy vnction that you take the oth vnto your people of Nauarre which hath beene accustomed to be taken in this Realme of Nauarre by Kings your predecessors Wherevnto the King answered that he was ready to sweare then a crosse being presented vnto him and a booke laying his hand thereon Forme of the King oth to his people he pronounced these words with a loude voice We D. Charles by the grace of God King of Nauarre Earle of Eureux c. Doe sweare vnto our people of Nauarre vpon this crosse and vpon the holy Euangelist toucht by vs and to you the prelats and rich men of the cities and good townes and to all the people of Nauarre for all your rights lawes customes freedomes liberties and preuiledges that euery one of them as they now are shal be maintained and kept to you and your successors all the time of our life without corrupting them bettering and not impayring them in all or in part and that the violence and force which hath beene done to your predecessors whom God pardon or to you by Vs or our Officers we shall hereafter command it to cease and satisfaction to bee made according vnto right as they shal be made manifest by good men and of credit After the Kings oth Fâ—â—mâ— of the subiects oth vnto the King the Deputies of the Estates according to their degrees standing vp did also sweare after this maner We N. N. Barons of Nauarre as well in our owne names as for all the Knights and Gentlemen of the realme sweare vnto you our King and Lord vpon this corsse and these foure holy Euangelists handled and toucht by vs to gard and faithfully to defend your person and our country and
who haue alwaies done great seruice in these Moorish warres the which kept King Ioseph for aduenturing of a battaile The towne of Antiquera being prest with all violence it was taken there going first vnto the assault Antequera taken the companies of D. Garci Fernandes Manrique of D. Charles of Areillan Lord of Los Cameros and Roderigo of Narbaez The first which died in fighting was Iuancho a Biscain and the first which entred were Guttiere of Torres and Sancho Gonçales Cherino The castle did hold out eight daies longer and then was yeelded by the Moores to haue their liues saued and their goods who were safely conducted to Archidona There entred into it Don Frederic Earle of Transtamara and the Bishop of Palencia the garde of the towne and castle was giuen to Roderigo of Narbaez In the meane time the Moores did forrage the territorie of Alcala the royall and the Christians after the taking of Antiquera did ouerrunne the country of Aznalmara Cabecha and Yâ—har small townes which were taken by force through the wisdome and valour chiefely of the Constable D. Ruy Lopes of Aualos after which exploits the Infant Don Fernand returned a victor to Seuile where he had messengers from the King of Granado Truce with the King of Granado soliciting him to make a truce wherevnto hee yeelded being prest to attend the affaires of Arragon wherefore there was a truce concluded betwixt Castile and Granado for seuenteene monthes Wee haue before left Don Martin King of Arragon beeing without children â—â— succeed him Arragon importuned by many Princes pretending to bee his heires troubled with the seditions and rebellions of the Sardynians and Sicilians beeing old and broken and yet newly married to a young Princesse with hope to raise his house But beeing weake both in bodie and minde griefe and care made the way to pestilent feuer the which seized on him this yeere 1410. in the Monastery of Valdonzellas neere to Barcelona hauing raigned about 14. yeeres whose body was buried in the Monastery of Problette There was no will of his found or any heire instituted in his Realmes of Arragon Sicile c. The reason thereof was thought to bee for that hee knew not to which hee should incline amongst all the pretendants to that crowne after his decease Wherefore the Arragonois Valentlans Cattelans and Sicilians were in great perplexity for Don Fernand Duke of Pegnafiel Infant of Castile pretended a right Princes pretending to the realme of Arragon beeing sonne to Donna Leonora of Arragon sister to the two last Kings decreased Lewis Duke of Aniou hauing married Donna Violâ—nt daughter to King Iohn the first maintained the succession to belong to him the like pretension had Don Iames Earle of Vrgel hauing also married one of the daughters of the King Don Pedro Don Frederic of Arragon Earle of Luna base sonne to Martin King of Sicile put forth himselfe and so did Don Alphonso Earle of Gandia all these pretendants had their partisans within the Realme and euery one tried all meanes with great contention and likely-hood of sedition to attaine vnto that which hee pretended so as in these tumults Don Anthony of Luna slue Don Garcia Archbishop of Saragossa treacherously Murther of the Archbishop of Saragâ—ssa To preuent which disorders in time the Noblemen of the Realme agreed that of the three Estates there should be nine men chosen by whose Iudgement the Scepter of Arragon should bee giuen to him of the pretendants whom they should thinke most profitable for the common-weale For Arragon there were named Don Dominike Bishop of Huesca Francis of Aranda and Don Berenger of Bardaxi a great Lawier For the principality of Cattelog D. Pedro Zagariga Archbishop of Tarragona William of Vallesca and Bernard of Gualues And for the Realme of Valencia were chosen Vincent Ferrier Nine arbitrators to choose the King of Arragon of the Order of the preaching friars who was afterwards connonized his brother Boniface Ferrier a Lawier a Monke of the Order of the Carthusians and Maister Peter Bertrand this last was substituted in the place of Gines of Rabeça who fell mad These nine men beeing assembled in the castle of Caspe which is in Arragon all those which pretended any right vnto the Realme were sommoned to exhibit their reasons before them whereof some appeered personally and others by their Ambassadours In the meane time in Castile the Infant D. Fernand for himselfe and the King his Nephew caused this businesse to be consulted of by the learned of the country who in the beginning were of opinion that both of them had an interest and that they must frame an opposition before the Delegats as well in the Kings name beeing a pupill as in his vncle and tutor Don Fernand yet hauing better considred or being otherwise perswaded they gaue all the right of the succession in the realme of Arragon to the Infant D. Fernand who for this cause deputed Ambassadors the Bishop of Palença and D. Diego Lopes of Estuniga chiefe Iustice of Castile D. Fernand with his right vseth armes and Lord of Bejar with Doctor Pero Sanches of the Kings councel to send them into Arragon and at the same time hee caused fifteene hundred launces to draw neere vnto the frontier of Arragon hee and the Queene-mother with the young King comming to Aillon a neere place to Arragon Whilest they are busie about these pursutes the Duke of Benauent a prisoner in the castle of Mont-real Castile brake prison and escaped hauing slaine the captaine which had him in gard whereof they beeing aduertised at court they prouided speedily for all the passages especially towards Portugal thinking that hee would bend that way but hee went towards Nauarre where hee was kindely entertained by the King D. Charles and by the Queene Dionna Leonora his sister who notwithstanding hauing receiued letters from the Queene-mother the Infant Don Fernand and the councell of Castile iutreating them to set a gard vpon the Dukes person vntill they had further newes they caused him to bee put into a strong castle yet intreating him with all honour and respect and then they sent an Ambassador into Castile to make their excuse for that they had receiued this fugitiue Prince and intreated him as their brother but they kept him in sure garde that he should not attempt any thing against the crowne of Castile This Ambassadour found the court at Aillon where he was well receiued and his excuses allowed There arriued also Ambassadors from the French King with very rich presents the which were required with others of no lesse value being sent by an expresse Ambassage some monthes after This yeere of our Lord 1411. An. 1411. Greene crosses the badge of the Knights of Alcantara Pope Benedict graunted that the Knights of Alcantara in steed of hoods which they did weare in signe of their profession should from thence forth carry greene crosses During the courts aboade at Arllon attending what
warre done by him and for that he did no lesse loue learning then armes Eight and twenty daies before the death of the King Don Fernand dyed Donna Leonora Queene of Nauar his Aunt hauing beene married to King Charles her husband foureteene yeares she was buried in the Cathedrall church at Pampelona There was great mourning and heauinesse in Castile at the newes of King Fernands death Castille whose obsequies Queene Katherine caused to be celebrated with a pompe worthy of such a Prince and afterwards by the aduice of the Nobility shee tooke vppon her the sole gouernement of the realme and the tutelage of King Iohn her sonne whome shee gaue in guard to Don Iohn of Velasco D. Diego of Estuniga and to D. Sancho of Rojas Archbishop of Toledo whereat the Constable D. Ruy Lopes of Aualos D. Pedro Manrique and D. Alphonso Henriques grew very iealous whereupon there grew quarrels and troubles after the accustomed manner during the minoritie of Kings The Queene and the Councell did prolong the truce with the King of Granado for two yeares In yere 1417. Truce with Granado sending Lewis Gonçal of Luna 1417. Secretary of the Kings chamber to Granado to that end By this treatie the king of Granado set an hundred prisoners at libertie whose ransomes would haue mounted to a great summe of money D. Iohn Rodrigue of Castagneda Lord of Fouente Duegna and D. Inigo Ortiz of Estuniga sonne to Diego Lopes being in quarrell and demanding the combate the Queene would not grant it them in Castile but commanded them to retire into Granado Combats sheld not be allowed among Christians where as king Ioseph would giue them the field These Knights were put into the field by the Moorish king but he presently forbad them to fight declaring that they were both good Knights and reconciling them together he sent them home honored with Iewels and rich presents This hee did at the intreaty of the Queene-mother of Castile who had writ earnestly vnto him shewing therin to haue a mild and Christian-like heart For these combats are proofes of mad men which should not be suffered in the place of iustice seeing thereby all controuersies how great soeuer may be compounded and ended The Emperour Sigismond grieuing for the death of the king of Arragon Pope Benedict condemned by the Councell after that he had laboured in vaine to reconcile the kings of France and England who were continually in warre he passed to Constance whereas the Councell in the two and thirtith Session delcared Benedict to be periured contumacious a rebell Schismaticke and Hereticke depriuing him of his papacie which he had held almost two and thirty yeares yet he played the Pope still in Pegniscola but the Princes of Christendome in generall yeelded to the Councell notwithstanding Benedicts exclamations that seeing it was called without his authoritie Councel condemned by Pope Benedict it was not lawfull The Cardinals which were at Constance being two and twenty with thirty Electors deputed by the Councell did chuse Othon Colonne a Romane Cardinall of the title of Saint George in Velabro and named him Martin the fifth Benedict although he were abandoned by the Princes yet he continued still in his purpose keeping some Prelates vnder his obedience among which were the Cardinals Tholousa Rasan S. Angelo S. Eustace S. George and Montarragon the Archb. of Tarragone and the Bishops of Barcelona Vic Elne Girone Huesca and Tarrassone with many Abbots and other Clergimen who held him for true and lawfull Pope This yeare Iohn of Betancourt a knight of France by gift from Queene Catherine conquered the Ilands of the Canaries Conquest of the Canaries by Iohn of Betancourt and intitled himselfe King He could not take the great Canarie for all the Inhabitants of the Iland had retired themselues thither wherefore finding too great resistance he retired himselfe hauing built a fort in that of Lancerot from whence he did trafficke and drew profit form the neighbor places of lether tallow slaues and other such commodities he being dead one Menault succeeded him in whose time Pope Martin instituted an Episcopall sea in those Ilands to the which there was a certaine Monke called Friar Mendo aduanced but this king Menault hauing no great regard when there was question of profit to the soules health of the Ilanders he sold them indifferently as well the Pagans as those which had receiued Baptisme whereof the new Bishop did complaine to Queene Katherine Menault the 2 King of the Canariâ—s sels the Ilands to them of Seuile requiring her to free them of that Lord whereupon she sent Peter Barna de Campos with three ships of warre with whom Menault hauing long contended in the end by the Queenes sufferance he sold these Ilands to a Knight of Seuile called Fernando Peres in whose hands and his successors of Seuile they haue remained vnto the time of the king D. Fernand the 5. and of the Queen D. Izabella D. Diego Lopes of Estuniga Iustice maior of Castile hauing long serued King Henry the 3. Family of Estuniga comes out of Nauarre and Iohn now raigning dyed this yeare His house came out of Nauarre and was of the bloud royall as some Authors haue left in writing The yeare 1418. Queene Catherine dyed suddenly An. 1418. being fifty yeares old she was buried at Toledo in the chappell of the last kings By her death King Iohn was freed from tutors and there was a Councell established with the which he should gouerne his Realmes whose letters and expeditions should be signed on the back-side by two of his Councellors This yeare there came ambassadors to him from France to demand ayde against the English to whom they gaue hope of an army at Sea The king of Portugal did also send to confirm a perpetuall peace betwixt Castile and Portugall but there was nothing concluded at that time The English proclaimed warre against Castile whereupon the truce with Granado was prolonged for two yeares King Iohn beeing at Medina del campo was betrothed to D. Maria of Arragon his cousin daughter to the deceased king D. Fernand then hee held a Parlament when for his new accord of marriage they granted him a great subuention The same yeare mention is made of the death of Friar Vincent Ferrier of Valencia afterwards canonized a Saint by Pope Calixtus who was also of Valencia Hee that most gouerned the king at that time entring into his maioritie was Don Sancho of Rojas Arch-bishop of Toledo whereat they did murmure from which time the Estate of Castile was very turbulent The Guipuscoans and Biscayens fell to theeuing at sea without any subiect of warre euen vppon the coast of Brittany whereof D. Iohn then liuing complayned much by his ambassadours to the King of Castile who desirous to liue in peace with Christian Princes sent Fernando Peres of Ayala Gouernour of Guipuscoa to bee an arbitrator Hee with another chosen by the Duke of
himselfe finding the councell not plyable to his affections transferred it to Ferrara and from thence to Horence In this councell of Basill the Fathers beeing assembled they were spectaters of a combate betwixt a gentleman of a Portugal race but borne in Castile called Iohn de Merle and Henry of Rauestan a knight of Bourgondie who fought on foot and the Bourgondian was vanquished The same de Merle had a little before fought a combate on horsebacke with the like happinesse in the cittie of Arras against Peter of Brecemont Lord of Charny in the presence of D. Philip. King Edward hauing finished his fathers funerals and all solemnities oaths reception of fealtie and homage and other accustomed duties at the first comming of Kings hee assembled the Estates of his Realme at S. Iren An. 1434. in the yeare 1434. to consult concerning the gouernement thereof from thence there was an ambassador sent to the councell of Basill which was D. Diego Earle of Oren beeing accompanied with many learned men and Prelates of Portugal and then the warre against the Moores was propounded after the example of Kings his Predecessors It was also held conuenient to continue that which King Iohn had begun in Affricke for the execution whereof he obtained a Croisado from the apostolike Sea of Rome by the meanes of the Earle of Oren who brought the Bull into Portugall The King of Castile also sent many of his Prelates and Diuines to the Councell Castile during the which Don Alphonso Carillo Bishop of Siguença and Cardinall dyed whose Bishoppricke was giuen to his Nephew carrying the same name who in time came to be Archbishop of Toledo The ambassadors for the king of Castile at this councell were D. Aluaro of Osorno Bishop of Cuenca D. Iohn de Sylua Lord of Cyfuentes Standard-bearer to the king and Doctor Alphonso of Carthagena Deane of S. Iames and Segobia sonne to D. Pablo Bishop of Burgos which Bishoppricke Don Alphonso obtayned in his life time Controuersie betwixt England and Castile for precedencie he being preferred to be Patriarke of Aquilea There falling out a great question in the councell betwixt the ambassadors of England and Castile for the precedence this Doctor Don Alphonso of Carthagena did so well defend the preheminence of the crowne of Castile and gaue such pertinent reasons for the dignity and prerogatiue therof as the fathers gaue the precedence to the ambassador of Castile wherein the Doctor was held to haue done great seruice to his countrie of Spaine whereof he himselfe hath made a treatise notwithstanding Raphael Volaterran in his third booke and last chapter sayth That in the time of D. Fernand the 5. this cause was pleaded againe at Rome and ended in fauor of the king of England who had giuen sentence by prouision without any great examination of the cause Returning to the politicke affaires of Castile the King D. Iohn being aduertised that Don Fredrick of Arragon D. Frederick of Arragon Earle of Luna a prisoner in Castile Earle of Luna would haue seized vppon the citty of Seuile he caused him to be apprehended at Medina del campo and to be carried to the Castle of Braçuelos which is neere vnto Olmedo where he ended his dayes and many of his confederates were put to death who for that cause were brought to Medina del campo The warre begun in Granado continued with variable successe for after the taking of Benamaruel by Don Diego of Ribera Lord of Val de Corneja Gouernor of the fronter of Andalusia attempting the towne of Alora hee had beene slaine by the Inhabitants and them that defended it after whose death the King gaue the gouernement to D. Pedro Alfan his sonne a young man but fifteene yeares old Don Roderigo Manriques somwhat to ease this losse tooke the towne of Huescar by scalado and the castle afterwards by â—ight for the recouerie of which place there were enterprises and incounters betwixt the Christians and the Moores all that yeare 1434. in the which dyed D. Iohn of Contreras Arch-bishop of Toledo and Primat of Spaine and to him succeeded D. Iohn of Crezuela brother by the mothers side to the Constable D. Aluaro de Luna About that time the king of Castile gaue vnto the Earle of Armagnac who had alwaies shewed himself his great friend and partizan in the wars against Nauar the towns of Cangas and Tinco with the title of an Earle and there arriued at Madrid ambassadors from Charles the 7. the French king to renew the league betwixt France and Castile to whom the king gaue audience in great state and sitting on a high throne he gaue them a good and friendly answer who after much feasting were sent home well satisfied there they did see a tame lyon lying at the kings feet a thing which is not ordinarie The same yeare dyed D. Henry of Villena Death of Don Henry of Villena the kings vncle son to D. Pedro and nephew or grand-child to D. Alphonso of Arragon who had beene Marquis of Villena and first Constable of Castile a Prince abusing learning wherein he had beene bred giuing himselfe to infamous Magicke arts whereof he had written many treatises the which by the kings commandement and by the censure of Friar Lopes of Barientos then Schoole-master to D. Henry Prince of the Asturia's were for the most part burnt The king beeing in pilgrimage at Guadalupe Defeate of the Master of Alcantara by the Moores D. Guttiere of Soto maior the new Master of Alcantara being entred into the Moores countrie with 800. horse and 400. foot was surprized and compassed in by the Moors in a streight passage so as there hardly escaped an hundred of his whole troupe This crosse shold haue admonished him of the bad office he had done his vncle and the Infant D. Pedro the which although they would couer with a colour of the kings seruice yet was it a plotted treason D. Fernand Aluares of Toledo Lord of Val de Corneja had bin also in danger if he had not speedily retired from Huelma which hee sought to force hauing failed to take it by scalado for a great number of Moores marched to fight with him and hee had not sufficient forces to resist them Hauing retyred with his men to Taen he entred by Guadix scoured the country and was sharply incountred by the Moores who notwithstanding were vanquished D. Fernand Aluares spoiling two leagues round about Guadix The truce betwixt Castile Nauarre and Arragon beeing expired in the yeare 1435. there came ambassadors to the court of Castile Arragon from the Queenes of Arragon and Nauar to beseech the king for a propagation of the truce in the absence of their husbands which the king granted them for some moneths the which was the sooner obtained by their sending of D. Iohn de Luna the Constables cousin who gouerned the king his Master These two kings breethren were gone into Italy to poursue the realme of Naples where
Hercules Whilest that these things past in Spaine in the yeare 1436. Nauarre 1436. the Kings of Arragon and Nauarre were deepely ingaged in the warre of Naples whither the Dutchesse Izabell of Lorraine wife to Rene of Anjou a prisoner was come and with the helpe of Pope Eugenius defended her husbands right couragiously The two breethren kings beeing aduertised of the affaires of Spaine by their friends and seruants they resolued to send a ioynt ambassage to the king of Castile to treat a peace with him vppon some good conditions The ambassadors found the Court at Toledo where hauing deliuered their charge vnto the king it pleased God that after many conferences and debates a peace was concluded vpon a promise of marriage betwixt D. Blanche Infanta of Nauarre and Don Henry of Castile Prince of the Asturia's with these conditions That the solemnization of this marriage should bee accomplished within the limite of a certaine time betwixt Henry heire of the Realmes of Castile and Donna Blanche eldest daughter to D. Iohn king of Nauarre Conditions of peace betwixt Castile Nauar and Arâ—agon to whom should be assigned the Marquisat of Villena the townes of Medina del campo Olmedo Coca Roa and Aranda the reuenues of which lands D. Iohn King of Nauarre should receiue the foure next following yeares That if there were no children borne of this marriage the king of Nauarre should haue ten thousand florins of gold of yearely rent assigned vpon the reuenues of Castile That to D. Blanche Queene of Nauarre and to her sonne D. Charles should in like manner be giuen an assignation of ten thousand florens of gold yearely during their liues That all knights should be pardoned which during the warres and fore-passed quarrels had followed either partie and they restored to their goods and dignities except on the part of Castile D. Iohn of Soto-major who had beene Master of Alcantara and the Earle of Castro Xeris and on the behalfe of Nauar D. Godfrey of Nauar Earle of Cortes Item that to the Infant D. Henry brother to the kings of Arragon and Nauar should be assigned 5000. florens of gold of yearely hereditarie rent and to the Infanta D. Catherina his wife should be giuen 50000. florens of gold in ready mony for her dowrie These articles beeing accorded a peace was proclaimed in the Realmes of Castile Arragon and Nauar and D. Pedro of Acugna son to Lopes Basques of Acugna Lord of Buendia was sent to Azagna with sufficient authority to make the first promise in the name of Prince Henry and it was concluded the sollemne betrothing should be at Alfaro whether came at the time assigned the Prince D. Henry accompanied by D. Aluaro de Luna constable of Castile and many other Noblemen Knights and Prelates who arriuing two dayes before the Infanta being aduertised that she was at Corella he went to meete her with all his traine The Queen of Nauarre mother to the Infanta Prince Charles her brother the Bishop of Pampelone with many other Prelates Peter of Peralta Lord Steward of the kings house Leon of Garro and other knights many Ladies and Gentlewomen of Nauarre attended her all in equipage worthy of such a solemnitie the which was celebrated in Alfaro in the yeare 1437. D. Pedro of Castile Bishop of Osma stipulating and receiuing the promises either of them being but 12. yeares old The Prince D. Henry gaue many goodly and rich Iewels to the Infanta and vsed the like bountie to the Ladies and Knights of her traine Then hauing spent foure dayes at Alfaro in great feasting and ioy the parties separated themselues euery one retiring into his country By this peace there was also restored vnto the king of Nauar the town castle of la Garde and the castles of Asaturuguen and Burandon and towards Guipuscoa there were yeelded the castles and places of Gorriti Cobono Toro Araciel and Saragana which the Guipuscoans had taken during the wars Moreouer the towne of Briones was yeelded to the king of Nauar touching the Seigneurie and the reuenue but the Soueraignty remayned to the king of Castile This peace was promised and sworne vpon a penalty of 300000. florens of gold payable by him that should breake it and it was confirmed by the chiefe officers of either realme both clergy and secular and by the deputies of the chiefe townes For Nauar there signed D. Martin of Peralta bishop of Pampelona the archb of Tyre the Queens confessor the Prior of S. Iohn the Deane of Tudele clergy-men D. Lewis of Beaumont Tristan Lord of Luçe Peter of Peralta Lord Steward Philip Marshall of Nauar Vicont of Ro with other knights moreouer the deputies of the cities of Pampelona Estella and Tudela and of the towns of Sanguesse Olite Arcos Biane S. Vincent and others For Castile besides the great officers of court there did sweare all the Noblemen of the fronter of Guipuscoa Rioja and others yea they of the families of Lazcano Berastequi and Amezqueta and these accords were written by Bartholomew of Renes Secretarie to D. Iohn King of Nauar and of Queen Blanche his wife and by Alphonso Peres of Biuera high Treasurer and Secretary to the king of Castile This ioy was crost according to the custom of humane things with great griefe in the court of Castile Imprisonment of D. Pedro Manrique the king hauing caused D. Pedro Manrique Gouernour of Leon to bee committed to prison where at euery man did shew himselfe discontented so as the king caused 2000. lances to come for his gard which remayned continually about the court He sent the prisoner to the castle of Fuente Duegna commanding that hee should haue the liberty of the prison that somtimes they should suffer him to go on hunting which liberty was procured by the Admirall of Castile who was discontented for his detention This yeare which was 1438. there were brought vnto the King stones 1438. which they said Stones fallen from heauen very light were fallen from heauen in great abondance at Maderuelo a house belonging to the Constable very light the which although they were reasonably big yet were they so light as they did not hurt any one they fell vpon a strange thing and which was held prodigious The Articles of the peace being brought into Italy were allowed and confirmed by King Don Alphonso in the presence of Doctor Ferdinand Lopes of Burgos one of the Kings Councell The warre of Granado was managed with variable successe Granado many Knights among the Moores disliking the gouernment of King Mahumet reuolted taking the party of Castile of the which one Aben Amar was Captaine who soone after went with his men to the King of Tunes with leaue from the King of Castile hauing receiued both pay and presents from him and moreouer 6000. pounds starling for the charge of their voyage Don â—nigo Lopes of Mendoça Gouernor of the Fronter Lord of Hyta and Buyttago who was afterwards
brother led some troupes towards Auila where by the meanes of Aluaro of Bracamont and Fernando of Aualos who had taken vpon them to defend it they became maisters from thence the King of Nauarre did write a letter vnto the King of Castile full of good councel accusing the constable of auarice Insolemies of the Constable of Castile made knowne vnto the King cruelty tyranie insolency and contempt of the Princes and Noblemen yea of the King himselfe hauing presumed to kil a squier in Areualo and a groome to flie his fury hauing cast himselfe at the Kings feet as in a most assured Sanctury he had beaten him almost in his bosome stretching his armes ouer the Kings shoulders without any respect to his dignity whom euery man to the great dishonor of his royal person said he had inchanted and to conclude if he did not chase him away and punish him he could not be honored nor serued by the Princes and Noblemen of Castile who could not endure such indignities from an vpstart whose beginning was scarce knowne The King knew well that many things contained in these letters were true yet being gouerned by such as fauored the constable he made no answere wherevpon the confederats sent the Earles of Haro and Benauent vnto him who after many Negotiations concluded with the Kings councel that they should make an assembly of the Estates at Vailledolit whereas the deputies of the townes and Prouinces of Castile and Leon should meet and determine of that which should be held expedient for the quiet of the realme so as the Archbishop of Seuile and his Nephew the Earle of Alba did remaine at their houses Before the execution of that which had beene concluded the Infant D. Henry entred Toledo with three hundred and fifty knights through the fauor of D. Pedro Lopes of Ayala the Gouernor and made himselfe maister thereof hauing good correspondency with the King of Nuarre his brother whose faction was very strong at that time in Castile his friends and confederats holding the chiefe townes of the realme for besides that he had vnder his command the towne of Auila and his brother that of Toledo the Earle of Ledesma held Burgos and the castle Pedro of Quignones was maister of Leon Ruy Diaz of Mendoça commanded Segobia with the sort D. Henry Henriques the Admirals brother had Zamora and the castle Salamanca was in the hands of Iohn Gomes of Anaya Guadalajara of D. Inigo Lopes of Mendoça Lord of Hita Plaisance of the Earle of Ledesma Vailledolit of the Earle Pedro Nugnes other places were held by other Knights of that party the which did much trouble the King and his constable To make the assembly of Vailledolit more easie the Earles of Haro and Benauent returned to Bonille where it was againe concluded that the Kings and the Noblemen should retire their troupes and there was a general pasport giuen to al them that should come to Vailledolit with assurance of their goods yea to the constable who remained in his house at Escalano where by an ill presage the greatest part of the castle had some few daies before beene burnt with lightning notwithstanding the King would haue the pasport serue also for the constables person In this assembly it was decreed that the cities and townes held by the confederats should bee left free at the King of Castiles dispose but there was not any thing effected and the more to trouble the realme D. Henry Prince of the Asturia's perswaded by his spouse and the confederat noblemen began to ioyne with the King of Nauarre his future father in law retyring himselfe vnto the Admiral D. Frederics lodging wherewith the court was much troubled and the King sent the Earle of Castro and Ruy Diaz of Mendoça to the King of Nauar to vnderstand the cause of this alteration who answered that he knew it not and withal went with them to the Admirals lodging to vnderstand the reason The Prince answered that he had retired himselfe thether by reason of Doctor Perjineâ— Alphonso Pâ—res of Biuero and Nicholas Fernandes of Villanicar of the Kings councel being vnworthy of that ranke and beseeching the King that he would chase them away else he would retire himselfe The King promised to dismisse them wherevpon the Prince was pacefied and came to the Kings palace D. Iohn de Pacheâ—o gouerns Prince Henry after midnight the King of Nauarre accompanying him The Prince D. Henry was gouerned by a yong gentleman called D. Iohn de Pacheco sonne to Alphonso Telies Giron Lord of Beaumont who was preferred to his seruice by the constable and was afterwards made Marquis of Villena and maister of the Order of Saint Iames. The King at the Estates of Vailledolit setled some order for Iustice which was but badly executed in Castile and some thing to pacefie the Princes and Noblemen that were mutined and to diuert their armes hee thought it now time to celebrate the marriage of D. Henry and the Infanta of Nauarre being three yeeres since they were made sure and either of them being fifteene yeeres old the bond of consanguinity which might hinder it was dissolued by Pope Eugenius the fourth The Infanta being sent for she entred into Castile An. 1440. in the yeere 1440. beeing accompanied by Queene Blanch her mother the Prince of Viana her brother and many noblemen prelats and knights of Nauarre Shee was receiued in the towne of Logrogno by D. Alphonso of Carthagena Bishop of Burgos D. Inigo Lopes of Mendoça Lord of Hita and by D. Pedro of Velasco Earle of Haro From thence the Prince D. Charles returned into Nauarre with his Gouernor D. Iohn of Beaumont who in the Princes name gouerned the realme the Queene mother being absent The Princesse with all her traine being come to Vilhorado a house belonging to the Earle of Haro she was entertained with sumptuous feasts great sports and rare inuentions and much more at Birbiesca by the Earle himselfe D. Pedro of Acugna did the like at Duegnas whether the Prince D. Henry came to meet his spouse whereas he presented her with many rich iewels and shee him who hauing beene some foure and twenty howers with the Ladies he returned to Vailledolit whether they went There went forth to meet them the Kings and al the principall Noblemen of the court who made a stately entry into the towne and the Queene and Princesse went to the King of Nauarres lodging whose brother D. Henry came from Toledo to assist at the marriage the which was celebrated with a royall pompe Cardinal of Saint Peter D. Pedro of Ceruantes Bishop of Auila performing the ceremony But the vnfortunate hap of this Princesse was such as the Prince D. Henry proued vnable to consummate the marriage Marriage of the Prince of Castile and the Infâ—nta of Nauarre the which she did vertuously conceale for many yeeres To honor the marriage the noblemen ran at tilt with sharpe pointed lances but
power to finde them guilty The Earle being aduertised of this practise he did impart his deseigne to the Prince the Marquis of Santillana and to the Earles of Benauent and Haro with others which was to loose his life or to make the Constable loose his The Prince Don Henry made him no answere as the rest did who by the negotiation of Diego de Valera laied a plot amongst them that the Earle of Plaisance and the Marquis of Santillana should send their eldest sonnes with fiue hundred Launces vnder pretext of a quarrell which was betwixt the Earle of Benauent and D. Pedro Aluares Osorio and that passing neere vnto Vailledolit whereas the King and the Constable were they should finde means to seize vpon a gate drawing their men into the town they should take or kil the Constable publishing that it was done by the commandement of Prince Henry But it succeeded not Queene Isabel 〈…〉 Lords against the Constable for the Constable beeing aduertised hee caused the King to dislodge and led him to Burgos These things beeing imparted by the King of Castile to Queene Isabel who was no friend to the Constable she imbraced this occasion and induced the King to let these Noblemen doe what 〈◊〉 had resolued the which was easie to effect for that the King was already distasted of his Constable The Queene did not only this good office but she did sollicit the confederates to make hast whilest the time was fit sending the Countesse of Ribadeo vnto them vnder collour to visit the Earle of Plaisance her vncle who had fortefied himselfe in Bejar carrying letters of credit who did informe them as shee was commanded of the time place and meanes they should hold to seize vpon the Constable or to dispatch him This Ambassage deliuered vnto the Earle reioyced him much and for that he was lame himselfe he presently sent D. Aluaro of Estuniga his eldest sonne with Diego of Valera a Secretarie and a Page to leauy men in Curiel where they could not for the shortnesse of time assemble aboue seuenty Launces with the which D. Aluaro went towards Burgos and going before vpon a Mule with one man that did attend him hee entred into the Castle of Burgos commanding his men to follow after giuing it out in the Country that they did belong vnto the Constable but aboue all that they should so obserue the time as their comming into Burgos should bee by night and that they should not offer to come into the castle vntill they had newes from him the which was duely executed and these seuenty Knights entred into the castle on Monday at night the first of May in the yeere 1453. whereas D. Aluaro had already drawne in the same night two hundred of his friends of the towne well armed Presage of the Constables end The day following there was an vncertaine brute that the Constable should bee apprehended who had many other presages of his ruine if hee could haue fore-seene it The King being priuy to all these matters had a conceit that this apprehension could not be made without great scandale and therefore he sent commandement to D. Aluaro that hee should returne to Curiel for that he could not execute that for the which hee was come but D. Aluaro a valiant and hardy Knight made answere that vpon his life hee would seiz vpon the Constable and deliuer him vnto him so he would be pleased to giue him a decree VVarrant to apprehend the Constable or warrant to apprehend him the which the King caused to be made in this forme D. Aluaro of Estuniga my Alguazil Maior or Marshall I command you to apprehend the body of D. Aluaro de Luna Maister of Saint Iames and if he offer to defend himselfe that you kill him And moreouer the King commanded the Rectors and Aldermen of the city to put the people in armes according to their regiments and bands and to keepe them in battaile in the Bishops place at the breake of day At which time D. Aluaro going out of the castle to inuest the Constables lodging and to take him hee receiued diuers commandments from the King that he should not fight but onely beseege him and set gards about his lodging that he might not escape which did much discontent him Comming neere the place his men beganne to cry Castile Castile for the Kings liberty At which noyse the Constable came to the windoe and his men put themselues in defence many shot both with bowes and harguebuses wherewith there were some slaine and others hurt D. Aluaro of Estuniga sent often to intreat the King that hee would giue him leaue to fight for they slue his men from the windoes of the Constables lodging but he would neuer grant it Therevpon arriued D. Alphonso of Carthagena Bishop of Burgos and Ruy Diaz of Mendoçca Lord Steward to whom the Constable who was armed and on horse-backe yeelded himselfe prisoner hauing promised him in the Kings name that there should be no harme done vnto his person nor goods but by the course of Iustice. Being taken he was giuen in gard by the King to Ruy Diaz of Mendoça and by him to his brother Iohn Hurtado of Mendoça who carried him to Portillo whereat D. Aluaro of Estuniga was very much discontented and the city likewise so as some offred to goe and take the Constable away by force from Iohn Hurtado and to deliuer him into his hands to keepe hauing more right therevnto then any other seeing he had taken him but D. Aluaro who was a discreet Knight pacefied them with thankes After this the King went to Portillo and caused a great quantity of treasure belonging to the Constable to be seized on and carried to Vailledolit and he gaue him in gard to D. Diego of Estuniga sonne to the Marshall D. Inigo Ortis of Estuniga who was Earle of Nieua commanding that his processe should be made and that his Attorney Generall should informe against him This yeere was remarkable in Spaine Nauarre for the birth of 〈◊〉 Infant D. Fernand sonne to D. Iohn King of Nauarre by D. Ioane Henriques his wife who being vnwilling to be deliuered in Nauarre going towards Arragon she was forced to stay at Sos a small place of Arragon Birth of D. Fernand who was King of 〈◊〉 and Arrâ—gâ—n and 〈◊〉 to D. Isabel. where she had this Prince who was famous for the great things he did for by him the Moores were chased out of Granado and all Spaine clensed of that vermine the West Indies discouered with many Islands in the Ocean sea the Realmes of Castile Leon Arragon Nauarre and Granado vnited vnder one crowne many places conquered vpon the coast of Affrike and subiected to the crowne of Spaine And that which may serue to make him famous the Inquisition was instituted vnder him the only support of the authority of the Sea of Rome and of the Clergy in Spaine The yeere of Prince Fernands birth
honors and riches who were issued from base and obscure families Thus King Henry at the age of one and thirty yeeres was proclaimed King at Valiodolite in the presence of D. Iohn of Pacheco Marques of Villena his most priuate and familliar friend and his brother D. Pedro Giron Maister of â—alatraua D. Ruy Diaz of Mendoza great Maister of the household to the late King D. Iohn D. Pedrod ' Aguilar Lord of Priego and of Cagnette the Marshal D. Diego Fernandes of Cordoua Lord of Baena and other Noblemen which were then at the Court. The beginning of his reigne was very plausible by reason that he did enlarge of his owne accord without being therevnto solicited by any one D. Garcia Alâ—ares of Toledo Earle of Alua and D. Diego Manriques Earle of Treuigno restoring them to all their former riches honours and dignities and hauing made a certaine speech to the Lords that were then about him they gaue him great and humble thankes reputing that demonstration of his clemency as an high fauour and so with al reuerence kissed his hands He displaced none of all those which were in any office or place of dignity during the life of his father but receiued them into his seruice in the selfe same quality that they were in before In regard whereof all men thought the Kingdome happy being fallne into the hands of so good so curteous and liberall a Prince and they did yeeld infinite thankes vnto God the only giuer of so desired and necessary a fauour for the Realmes of Castile and Leon. Diuers great Lords so soone as they heard of the death of King Iohn came in all hast to mourne with him for the same to do him reuerence and to take the oth of alleageance due to the new King The Ecclesiasticall persons were D. Alphonso Carillo d' Acugna Archbishop of Toledo D. Roderigo de Luna Archbishop of Saint Iames D. Alphonso Fonseca Archbishop of Seuil D. Alphonso de Carthagena Bishop of Burgos Frier Lopes de Barriento Bishop of Cuenca D. Alphonso de Madrigalls called Tostado the most renowned Bishop of Auila D. Pedro Baca Bishop of Leon D. Pedro of Castile Bishop of Palença D. Gonçall of Illesca Bishop of Cordoua D. Lewis d' Acugna Bishop of Segobia D. Inigo Manrique Bishop of Ouiedo with diuers other prelats The secular Lords were D. Fernand de Velasco Earle of Haro D. Alphonso Pimentell Earle of Benauent D. Gaston de la Cerde Earle of Medina Celi D. Diego Manrique Earle of Treuigno D. Iohn Manrique Earle of Castagneda D. Roderigo Manrique Earle of Paredes D. Gabriell Manrique Earle of Osorno D. Aluaro of Estuniga Earle of Plaisance whose father was newly dead much about the time of the Constables decease D. Pedro Aluares Osorio Earle of Transtamara D. Pedro d' Acugna Earle of Valencia an other D. Pedro d' Acugna Lord of Duegnas and Tariego brother to the Archbishop D. Alphonso Carillo D. Iohn de Sylua Standard-bearer to the King and many others who with the deputies of townes and Prouinces there assembled sware to the Kings fealty and homage after the accustomed manner Now the King being desirous to suppresse al fore-passed quarrels and to settle a firme peace in his dominions The King of Nauarre and other Lords pacified recompenced repealed by the new king D. Henry did at his comming to the crowne send Ambassadors to the King of Nauarre who greatly complained because of the confiscation of all his goods in Castile wherevpon it was concluded that in recompence of all the wrongs that hee could pretend he should haue certaine yeerely pensions assigned him out of the ordinary reuenue of the Kingdome of Castile in regard of which assignation he should deliuer vp into the King of Castiles hands the townes of Atiença La Pegna de Alcaçar it was likewise agreed vpon that the Admirall D. Frederic D. Iohn of Touar Lord of Berlanga the children of the Earle of Castro lately dead and all the Knights and others which were fled out of the Kingdome by reason of the late warres should be repealed and restored to all their goods and lands These things were soone effected and the Admirall with the rest returned to Valiodolit to kisse the Kings hands who receiued them very graciously and yet for all that did put them in minde of the faith and obedience due to Kings to the end they might the better remember it afterward and so with his free pardon dismissed them And besides all this the better to confirme his peace on all sides with Christian Princes he sent Ambassadors into Italy to Alphonso King of Arragon to the end to renue the leagues and antient alliances betwixt the crownes of Castile and Arragon who were receiued and entertained with great honour a notable argument whereof was that as the Ambassadors of Castile and the Commissioners of Arragon stood vpon termes who should be first named in the instruments and writings the King D. Alphonso decreed that the precedency should be giuen to Castile Castile presâ—râ— before Arragon in regard that he himselfe reigning ouer the Arragonois was a Prince issued from the stocke of Castile an antient race of the Kings of Gothes so that in all the writings which did concerne the league and alliance the King of Castile was first named the which his Ambassadors at their returne certified to him and his councell to their exceeding ioy and contentment But notwithstanding these good beginnings if the reigne of the late King Iohn was turbulent and troublesome and if euer Spaine was Spaine was seene to be shaken with furious tempests The gentleness of a Prince not accompanied with iustice seuerity is both hurtful to him selfe and his Estaâ—e it was now most of all by the miserable gouernment of his sonne King Henry whose clemency and carelesse gentlenesse was the onely cause thereof making him to forget the other part of the duty of a Prince which is Iustice by meanes whereof he fell into the contempt of the great ones of his Court and namely of his most priuate minions so that both hee and his Kingdome fell into very dangerous streights At the beginning he and his affaires were gouerned by D. Iohn de Pacheco Marquis of Villena a wise rich and discreet person and one well seene in the mannaging of state-affaires likewise by the Archbishop of Seuil D. Alphonso de Fonseca a prelate of an excellent wit but lesse graue then beseemed the place and ranke he held by whom for certaine yeeres space the Kingdome was well gouerned to the contentment of all men The first martiall enterprise attempted in the reigne of King Henry was against the Moores of Granado ouer whom reigned Ismael Moores and Castile the same who had taken the crowne from Mahumet the Lame for the execution whereof King Henry assembled the Estates of his kingdome in the city of Cuellar vnto whom hauing propounded what he ment to doe D. Iatgo Lopes de
where by chance they met with the maister of Alcantara and the Earle of Medellin who were going to the King with a thousand horse whom these two run-awaies made beleeue that the King had giuen charge to take them and that he did greatly distrust them and therefore aduised them not to shut them-selues vp in a place from whence they could not escape at their pleasures They knowing the king by many like examples to be apt enough to do such a matter did easily beleeue what the secretary and Gonçalo had told them and at their intreaty they went altogether and ioyned them-selues with their confederats the which did wonderfully trouble the King who had great cause to complaine of the ingratitude of Aluar Gomes de Cité Reall aboue the rest Aluar Gomes perfidious and disloyall to his King because hee had 〈◊〉 him with his greatest secrets and had highly aduanced him hauing giuen him the Lordshippe of Maqueda and enabled him by meanes of his fauour honours and offices to purchase Saint Siluester and Torrâ—son de Velasco and other-waies aduanced him although hee were of no Noble parentage Apprehending then this treason of Aluarâ— hee confiscated all his goods and gaue the towne of Torrejon de Velasco to Pedro Arias de Auiâ—a sonne to Diego of Segobia his high treasorer And afterward made an edict whereby hee declared the deputies and arbitrators The King disanuls the Arbitratots sentence for the peace assembled at Medina del Campo suspect and enemies to his crowne reuoking and declaring their sentence to bee of no force After-that hee came to Segouia and the confederates went to Playsantia carrying with them the Prince Don Alfonso Matters being broken of the Maister of Calatraua went into Andalozia to drawe the Lords of that country into the league In the meane time the Arch-Bishoppe of Toledo and the Admirall the better to assure the king of their fidelity remayned in their houses making no shew of cleauing to any side in those latter tumults and they sayd that they stayd there expecting when the King woâ—ld send for them Now the King the better to oblige them to his seruice had promised to giue vnto the Archbishop la mota of Medina del campo King Henry ill aduised giueth his enemies meanes to war vpon him and the Citty of Auila and to the Admirall the Captenship of Valiodolit and of Val de nebro with a certaine summe of Henries of gould to pay their soldiors to weete the Arch-Bishoppe fourteene hundred Launces and the Admiral eight hundred the which they obtained within few daies after The king hauing left in Segobia with a good and fure guard the Queene his wife with her daughter and the Infanta Donna Isabell hee went to Madrid whether the Arch-Bishop came as it were flying because as hee sayd the Marchiones of Villena had caused him to bee pursued by the commandement of her husband and the other confederates beeing receaued and welcommed by the whole Courte the King the day following held a councell wherein hee complayned of the disobedience and rebellion of the Marquis and his confederats who had made sundry attempts against his person the welfare quiet of his realmes which was wholy diuided in armes was so troubled that without a fit and speedy remedy both he himselfe who was King the Lords Citties and other estates should bee exposed to the appetite of such as gaped after their liuings places and dignities wherefore hee craued aduice what was to bee done in a time so troublesome wherein hee himselfe with his faithfull friends and councellors were ready to fall into extreame daunger The Arch-Bishop as a Prelate of greatest authority who was the mouth of the rest aunswered and gaue the King counsell to demand the Prince Don Alfonso of the confederate Lords saying that hee should liue better according to his dignity beeing with him than in their company seeing that the troubles were encreased by meanes of his deliuery vnto them were as peace and quietnesse was expected and if that they should refuse to send him that then the King should proceed against them by rigor of armes as rebells and guilty of treason This counsell was receyued and allowed of them all and therefore the King went towards Salamanca supposing to take the Rebels vnprouided By the way the Earle of Alua The Earle of Alua forsaking the league 〈◊〉 to the King who was in his house lodged and entertayned the King and his Court very sumptuously and with great magnificence and did sincerely reconcile himselfe vnto him vtterly forsaking the League vnto whome the King promised to forget what was past and great fauours in time to come The fourth day after hee went from thence and came to Salamanca with the Arch-bishop of Toledo the Bishop of Calaorra the Duke of Albuquerque with others of his priuie Councell from which place he did write to the confederate Lords according as he was aduised by the Arch-bishop of Toledo Then did the Arch-bishop sollicite the King to giue vnto him and the Admirall Auila and the other places with the money promised for the leauying and payment of their men at armes the King promised him the places and willed them in the meane time to assemble their forces The Lords of the League who were at Plaisance hauing receyued the Kings commandement answered him that they would serue him no longer and there withall aduised him not to marrie the Infanta Donna Izabella to the King of Portugall without the consent of the three Estates of the Kingdome The letter beeing read diuers told the king that he should well consider the tenour thereof for albeit the Confederates sayd that they would no longer serue him it was euident by the discourse thereof that they did not intend to sequester themselues from the seruice of the Crowne but onely from that of his owne person and that they would for a certaine elect his brother Prince Don Alphonso for their King And moreouer they did aduise him not to trust ouer much to the Arch-bishop of Toledo for they were sufficiently aduertised that the Admirals intent and his was so soone as they could get the castles and places which they demaunded in their owne power to retire then with all their forces to his enemies but the King who was not suspitious but by accident and by nature credulous did for all that giue the Arch-bishop whatsoeuer he demanded Hauing then debated how to beginne this warre the Councell was of opinion and amonst the rest the Arch-bishop that Areuallo should bee beseeged a cittie belonging to the Confederates who before they would loose that place would perhaps come to any honest agreement this being so set downe the Arch-bishop was sent away to gather his forces together with commaundement that he himselfe and the Admirall should with their troupes meete before Areualo in the meane space the Bishop of Calaorra and the Duke of Albuquerque remayned at Salamanca to giue order
on all parts and the beseeged made diuerse braue sallies vpon the enemies D. Pedro who named himselfe King did desire to succour Tortosa but being with his forces on the way he died by poison as it is reported in the City of Granol D. Pedro of Portugal poysoned fiue miles distant from Barcelona King Iohn being aduertized of the death of his enemy did not dissemble the ioy that he felt not the Barcelonois their griefe and sorrow but those of Tortosa were especially greeued for the hope of succor which they expected from him Tortosa yeelded to King Iohn so as being out of hope of helpe and extreamely beaten euery day they yeelded vpon reasonable termes These things were done in Cattalonia at the same time that the Prince Alphonso was proclaimed King of Castile at Auila Castile and King Henry degraded by the confederate Lords vnto whose seruice and readuancement from sundry parts of the Realme diuers Noble men resorted but Don Garcia Aluares de Toledo Earle of Alua de Tormes was he that shewed the greatest loue and affection towards him for he brought to his aide one thousand footmen three hundred men at armes and two hundred light horse or genets he dwelt nere to Salamanca The King sent the Earle of Alua and his troupes to Zamora with Iohn Bernandes Galindo who had commaund of the residew of the army he himselfe with the Queene and the Infanta Isabella went to Ledesma where he was sumptuously entertained and feasted by the Duke of Albuquerque for the space of eight daies from whence hauing assembled three hundred men at armes and two hundred genets they accompanied the King to Zamora The Queene and the Infanta Isabell went into Portugall to request aide of the King whereof there was great need but their labour was in vaine At Zamora daily arriued great numbers of souldiars for the Kings seruice The Earle of Transtamara brought thither two hundred men at armes and two hundred genets the Earle of Valencia a hundred men at armes and two hundred genets others brought more or lesse according to their habilities The King sent three hundred Launces to Segobia to accompany the Lady Ioane his supposed daughter to Zamora where with great pompe hee entred the City vnder a canopy and in a Kingly habit In the meane time the Maister of Calatraua D. Pedro Gyron Maister of Calatraua stirsin Andeluzia against the King stirred vp all Andaluzia for the contrary part and drew some by perswations guifts and promises others by theatnings force and violence Hauing done his best but in vaine to enduce D. Iohn de Valençuela to ioyne himselfe with the confederate Lords he tooke him prisoner and would not release him till he had snatched diuers fortresses from him with the which not being satisfied he tooke from him all the places belonging to the priory of Saint Iohn and gaue them to D. Aluaro de Estuniga third sonne to the Earle of Playsance He dispossessed also the Bishop of Iaen the Kings faithful seruant from all that he held notwithstanding that he vsed his goods and houses boldly and familliarly as his guest The Constable of Castile D. Michael Lucas de Irançu D. Pedro de Cordoua Earle of Cabra and his children the Marshall of Castile D. Diego the Commandor de Estepa D. Martin and Martin Alphonso Lord of Alcaudete did oppose themselues against the Maister of Calatraua The intent of the confederate Lords was to goe and beseege Simancas and being gone from Valiodolit for the same purpose with great store of men and munition by the way they tooke Pegnafleur where whilest they were busied the King caused Iohn Fernandes Galindo to enter into Simancas with three hundred horse and not long after the towne beeing inuested by the enemy it was a hard matter to say whether the beseegers or the beseeged were in most feare In the meane space whilest they lay before that towne The Archbishop of Teledo chiefe of the rebels derided the knauish boies and lackies which were within the same did gather themselues together vpon a day and in derision of the league they made an image representing the Archbishop of Toledo which they named the new D. Opas the Apostata in the daies of Count Iulian who brought the Moores into Spaine against King Rodericke then they made one amongest them a Iudge who sitting in a seate commanded the image should bee imprisoned and afterward he pronounced sentence which was that Alphonso Carillo Archbishop of Toledo following the steps of the old Bishop Opas the ruine of Spaine for that he had betraied the King his naturall Lord rebelling against him and detayning his money townes and fortresses which he had committed to him was condemned to be drawne vp and downe the streets and publike places of Simancas a trumpet going before who should proclaime that the King did command this iustice to bee done to the traitor Opas as a recompence due for his treacheries and treasons and that then it should bee burned This sentence being pronounced aloud the image was carried forth of the towne accompanied with more then three hundred boies and lacquaies and burned nere to the confederats army and in their sight The Lords of the league perceiuing that they could not take Simancas did raise their seege and brought their forces backe to Valiodolit The Kings army which was assembled at Toro did daily encrease to the which their ioyned the Earle of Medina Celi with fiue hundred Launces the Marquis of Santillana with seuen hundred D. Pedro de Mendoça Lord of Almaçan with two hundred and a great number of footmen diuers others also came thither so that there were reckoned to be foure score thousand footmen and foureteene thousand horse as well men at armes as light horse who were all of them very desirous to fight and to doe the King good seruice who by the aduice of the Lords and captaines of his army caused the campe to dislodge and to aduance towards the enemies the Earle of Alua de Tormes leading the vantguard and the battaile was conducted by D. Pedro Gonçales de Mendoça Bishop of Calaorra The army marching neere to Tordesillas a captaine of the Vantgarde named Garci Mendes of Badajos disbanding with about two hundred horse met neere to Valiodolit with Iohn Carillo a Knight of the Admiralls leading a band of fifty horse whom he fought with vanquished and tooke Iohn Carillo prisoner beeing grieuously hurt who was brought into a Chappel thereby where hee entreated to speake with the King before he died for he felt himselfe wounded to the death The King at the intreaty of his friends came to visit the prisoner whose end drew neere he craued pardon of the King for bearing armes against him and told him that he was come from Valiodolit the same day by the commandement of those that had power ouer him to finde meanes to kill him and he did moreouer reueale to the King sundry other vilde
practises the King said that he pardoned him with all his heart and prayed God to pardon him likewise and he enquired further of him who those were which sought his life and which did set him a worke he entreated the King to send away them that stood by and then in great secrecy he told their names which could neuer after be knowne for the King neuer told it to any man liuing the next day after Iohn Carillo died of his hurts The King being at Simancas his great and mighty army stretched it selfe euen to the gates of Valiadolit where the confederats did remaine neuerthelesse the affaires were drawne out at length without any matter of note Thither came the Queene Donna Ioane with the Infant Donna Isabella who were returned from Portugall where they had obtained nothing at all for the good of Castile for notwithstanding that they had endeauored for to renew the treatie of marriage mentioned at the enterview of the-Kings at the Archbishops bridge neuerthelesse the King Don Alphonso did abhorre to marry his sonne to Donna Ioane whoe was begotten in adultery of the Queene of Castile his cosin by the Duke of Albuquerque Don Bertrand dela Cueua These things standing at a stay the King and the Marquis of Villena did see one an other and by the aduice of Don Diego Hurtado de Mendoça Marquis of Santillana and of Don Aluaro of Estuniga chiefe Iustice of Castile called and chosen on both parts it was concluded that euery man should lay by his armes and returne to his owne house and that during the truce which should continue for the space of some fiue monthes following they should treate of a peace and of the meanes how to giue content to all men but chiefely to cause the Prince Don Alphonso to renounce his royalty This was proclaimed through the campe neere to Montejo in the territory of Areualo signed and sealed by the King the Archbishop of Toledo The King knowes not how to profit himselfe by his great forces and the Marquis of Villena and vnderneath by the secretrary Garcia de Arcareso de Montdragon The King had small reason to yeeld to these things hauing an army of a hundred thousand fighting men whereas his enemies were very weake in respect of him and vnprouided of money victuals munition and other things necessary for such an enterprise but God would haue it so The King being come backe to Simancas dismissed his souldiars with liberall payment then at Medina del Campo whether hee came soone after he recompenced the Lords after this manner He gaue to D. Peco Gonçales de Mendoça Bishop of Calaorra the thirds of Guadalajara with the reuenue thereof to his brother D. Diego Hurtado de Mendoça Marquis of Santillana he gaue the towne of Saint Andrew Recompences made by the King to the Lords that followed him ioyning to the lands of his Marquisat with a yeerely pention of seuen hundred thousand Marauedis to the other brother D. Inigo de Mendoça and to Don Lorenzo de Suares Vicont of Torreja and to D. Iohu Hurâ—ado de Mendoça pensions according to their degrees to D. Lewis de la Cerde Earle of Medina Celi the City of Agreda with the territory to D. Garci Aluares de Toledo Earle of Alua Carpia with sundry places nere to Salamanca to D. Aluar Peres Osorio Lord of Villalobos and Earle of Transtamara the City of Astorga with the title of Marquis to D. Iohn de Acugna Earle of Valencia the Earldome of Prauia and Gijon with the title of Duke of Valencia to D. Pedro de Mendoça Lord of Almaçan a yeerely pention of 300000. Marauedis assigned him on the hill of Mountagu to D. Aluaro de Mendoça captaine of his men at armes the City of Requegna with the reuenue and proffit of the port and hauen thereof Other guifts and recompences did the King make to his Knights the which or at least the most part of them haue euer since remained in their families The end of the twentith Booke SEMPER EADEM THE ONE AND TVVENtith Booke of the Generall History of Spaine The Contents 1 COntinuance of the troubles in Castile 2 The vnworthy marriage of the Infanta Donna Isabella Agreed vpon by her brother King Henry and hindred by the sodaine and vnlooked for death of Don Pedro Giron 3 Societies of Castile vnion of the Prouinces and communalties holding together for the administration of iustice 4 Assembly at Madrid tumult in the same towne Behauiour of those of Mendoça The Marquis of Villena promoted to the Maistership of Saint Iames. Battaile of Olmedo 5 The Pope vseth all dilligence to procure the peace of Castile Censures the rebells appeale to a future Counsell The taking of Segobia The King D. Henry forsaken 6 Agreement betwixt the King and the confederate Lords Euil behauiour of Donna Ioane Queene of Castile 7 Strife for the Bishoprike of Siguença Murthers at Burgos 8 Seditions in Toledo magnanimity and equity of the Infant Don Alphonso chosen King 9 D. Alphonso de Primentel Earle of Benauent enterpriseth against his father in law Don Iohn de Pacheco Marquis of Villena 10 Practises of those of Toledo against the Infant Don Alphonso in the behalfe of King Henry Rashnesse of the Bishop of Badajos and of Donna Maria de Silua and of that which happened 11 Death of the Infant D. Alphonso wisedome of the Infanta Donna Isabella Peace betwixt the King and the confederate Lords 12 Infamous life of Donna Ioane Queene of Castile the Lords of Mendoça practice against the peace the Infanta Donna Isabella declared Princesse of the Asturis and presumptiue heire of Castile 13 Continuance of the warres of Barcelona Renee of Aniou chosen King of Arragon by the Barcelonois Exploits of the French in Cattalonia death of the Duke of Calabria 14 Gaston Earle of Foix desirous to reigne before his time stirreth vp troubles in the Kingdome of Nauarre 15 Queene Ioane of Arragon dies and confesseth her fault 16 Gaston of Foix the younger dies at Liborna Beginning and continuance of the house of Foix. 17 Couenants betwixt King Iohn of Arragon and his daughter the Countesse of Foix heire of Nauarre 18 Assembly at Ocagna New deseignes of King Henry of Castile 19 The King of Castiles iourney into Andaluzia 20 Marriage betwixt the Infanta Donna Isabella and the Prince D. Fernand heire of Arragon Sicill Naples c. Articles and couenants of the same 21 A rash act of D. Alphonso de Aguilar against the Lords of Cabra The taking of Simancas with other outrages 22 Spanish superstitions 23 Practices pursutes and quarrels betwixt the Lords of Castile Alua erected into a Dutchy 24 Muley Alboacen King of Granado whose posterity remaineth in Spaine till this day 25 Treaty of Marriage betwixt King Henry of Castiles supposed daughter and the Duke of Guyenne brother to the French King Lewis the eleuenth Lands of Infantasgo giuen to the house of Mendoça 26 Donna Isabella Princesse of Castile disinherited King
Henry forsweares himselfe Donna Ioane and the Duke of Guyenne betrothed together by Ambassadors The duke dies 27 The Archbishop of Toledo raiseth new troubles 28 Quarrels betwixt the Earles of Haro and Treuigno 29 Affrican expeditions and other affaires of Portugall 30 Enterview of the Kings of Castile and Portugall 31 End of the warre of Barcelona 32 Rash and succeslesse enterprise of the Princesse Leonora Countesse of Foix against the city of Pampelona and those of Beaumont 33 Second marriage of the Marquis of Villena Maister of Saint Iames. 34 Roderigo Borgia Cardinal and legat in Spaine 35 New Christians massacred at Cordoua and Iaen where the Constable of Castile Don Michael Lucas of Irançu was murthered The same dignity giuen to the house of Velasco 36 Enterprise of the Maister of Saint Iames against D. Andrea de Cabrera D. Pedro Gonçal de Mendoça made Cardinall 37 Parliament at Madrid determinations thereof Outrage and insolency of the Maister of Saint Iames Enterview of King Henry of Castile and of the Princesse Donna Isabel his sister and likewise of Prince Fernando her houseband Priuiledge of the Earle of Ribadeo Suspitious banquet 38 Death of Earle Gaston de Foix husband to Princesse Leonora of Nauarre her titles hard suspitions of her chastity the Bishop of Pampelona murthered 39 King Iohn of Arragon and Lewis the eleuenth the French King quarrel about the Earledome of Rossillon 40 Quarrels betweene the houses of Mendoça and Pimentel 41 Death of D. Iohn de Pacheco Maister of Saint Iames Three maisters of the same Order contend together at one time Last acts of king Henry of Castile The one and twentith Booke of the History of Spaine NOtwithstanding the agreement made at Montejo the Kingdome of Castile was neuer the more at quiet for the Infant Don Alphonso called himselfe King neuerthelesse and in his writings and letters patâ—nts diuers of which are to be seene in Spaine at this day as namely at Valiodolit and Areualo he named himself King of Castile Leon Toledo Galicia Siuil Cordoua Murcia Iaen Algarua Algezire and Gibraltar and Lord of Biscay and Molina neither did the confederate Lords lay downe their armes according as they had sworne and promised perceiuing very well that all King Henries great forces and meanes would come to nothing through his negligence and carelesnesse by meanes whereof the Realme of Spaine grew infamous through the robberies and oppressions which the souldiars did dayly commit in euery place without any punishment at all It happened on a day as the confederates went out of Valiodolit to Alfaro they were no sooner out of the towne but the Inhabitants shut their gates against them Those of Valiodolit free themselues from the confederates subiection and submit to the King putting themselues againe vnder King Henries obedience and did driue all those out of their city which had any correspondence with the league The King being aduertized thereof came sodainely thither where hee was receiued with great ioy In recompence of the losse of Valiodolit the confederates made an enterprise vpon Simancas thinking to haue taken it by scalado but they themselues were taken and diuers of them sent backe to Valiodolit where they were cut in quarters The King did for all this harken to the agreement which had bin resolued among them and did bend his eare to whatsoeuer was propounded by the Marquis whose onely drift was to take him if hee could haue but drawne him into any place fit for the purpose but the King hearing thereof stood still vpon his guarde and when at any time there was any occasion of meeting to conferre he alwaies sent the Bishop of Calaorra and Iohn Fernandes Galindo vnto them They concluded vpon nothing so that many Lords which followed the Court tooke their leaues and returned to their owne houses There remained continually with the King the Bishop of Calaorra the Marquis of Santillana and his bretheren the Earles of Haro Valence and Cabra the new Marquis of Astorga the Constable D. Michael Lucas de Irançu and the Duke of Albuquerque The King hauing left a good garrison in Valiodolit returned to Segobia at the same time the affaires of the confederates The Prince D. Alphonso chosen King in miserable captiuity in the keeping of the confedâ—rates were in bad termes and if the King or they which were neere about him had truely vnderstood themselues he might very easily haue dissolued that league for the Marquis through want of meanes was very badly and vnwillingly followed by those which were about him The Prince Don Alphonso distrusting the end of their enterprises would willingly haue made an attonement with the King his brother but they held him very short and threatned him that if hee made but the least shew to bend that way to present him with a cuppe of poison therevpon by meanes of the Archbishop of Siuill a very vnseemely agreement was made to the which neuerthelesse the King gaue eare willingly which was to marry the Infanta Donna Isabella his sister to Don Pedro Giron Maister of Calatraua vpon condition that hee should promise to cause Prince Alphonso to giue ouer the title of King An other agreement not wel digested and to furnish a certaine summe of money with three thousand launces for the Kings seruice besides this it was concluded that the Bishop of Calaorra and the Duke of Albuquerque should leaue the Court who forthwith without any contradiction did so The Infanta Donna Isabella was wonderfully afflicted with griefe when she vnderstood these newes Magnanimity of the Infanta D. Isabel. considering the inequality of the marriage and the indignity offered her by the King her brother and like a noble and couragious Princesse she determined rather to kill her selfe then euer to yeeld vnto it but first of all shee thought it fit to trie all possible meanes how to ridde this new husband of his life shee had a very trusty Gentlewoman named Beatrice of Boadilla who offered with the help of her husband Andrew de Cabrera to kill the Maister vpon the wedding night as soone as hee should offer to lie downe by the Princesse this Lady was by the Infanta at her comming to the crowne of Castile created Marquesse of Moya These things being thus plotted Death of Don Padro â—yron Maister of Caâ—atrauâ— it happened that as the Maister D. Pedro Giron was on his way to the Court to sollemnize his marriage bringing with him great numbers of horsemen he was taken with a greeuous sicknesse whereof hee died at Villa-rubia hauing held the Mastership of Calatraua one and twenty yeeres whether this happened accidentally or otherwaies it remaines doubtfull but his death was very displeasing to the King who thought by meanes of this marriage to giue an end to all the miseries and troubles of his Kingdome and to re-enter into his former authority and quiet In his place his sonne Don Roderigo Tellez Gyron was chosen Maister of Calatraua
battaile the Duke againe asked the same question and was againe by him answered in the same manner and if they doe so quoth the Duke I will giue you ten thousand Marauedies of yeerely rent The Knight accepted the offer and gaue him great thankes and was staied their vntill the Kings whole army arriued to the end that he might see it Now the Duke had notice that halfe the confederates forces were not ioyned and therefore he was the more curious to vnderstand their resolution but soone after there came vnto them the Admiralls troupes with those of the Archbishop of Siuill of the Earle of Playsance and his daughter the Countesse of Belalcaçar they themselues remayning at home in their owne houses whilest these things were a doing the Marquis of Villena who was a great vndertaker and very pollitike in all his enterprises hauing drawne the prior of Vdes and the thirteene Electors of the order of Saint Iames to Ocagna The Marquis of Villena D. Iohn de Pacheco causeth himselfe to bee chosen Maister of Saint Iames. he caused himselfe to be chosen Maister of the same order in cannonicall manner without the councell aduise or consent of King Henry Prince Alphonso nor the Sea of Rome and without any approbation of the Estates of the Kingdome and intituled himselfe Maister of Saint Iames to the great admiration of the Earle of Benauent who laied claime therevnto by reason of the Kings promise yet in processe of time the Marquis Don Iohn de Pacheco was confirmed therein by the Pope The confederate Knights who were within Olmedo with the Infant Don Alphonso being assured that the Kings army came vnder the walles of Olmedo with intent to giue them battaile if occasion were offered came forth to fields to make resistance and then diuers messages and negotiations for peace were sent from side to side but to no purpose Amongst those which endeauored to pacifie matters and to keepe them from fighting was Don Pedro of Peralta 〈…〉 of Olmedâ— Constable of Nauarre whose daughter was married to Troylus Carillo of Acugna sonne to the Archbishop of Toledo all treaties ceassing the two armies made themselues ready to fight being deuided as the manner then was into sundry â—squadrons the one following the other the King was not there in person but the Infant Alphonso appeared armed at all points mounted vpon a strong braue courser riding from troupe to troupe encouraging his army The Archbishop of Toledo did weare vpon his armor a white stole poudered with red crosses leading a squadron of three hundred and threescore horse where Alphonsos standard stood and that day hee approued himselfe a better souldiar and man at armes then an Ecclesiasticall pastor for he was hurt in the left arme and yet for all that hee would not giue ouer fighting so long as he could sit on horse-backe the battaile beeing cruell and furious for the space of three houres inclining to neither side On the other side the Duke of Albuquerque behaued himselfe verie valiantlie but if he had not beene rescued in time by his father-in-law the Marquis of Santillana he had remayned a spoyle to the Knights which had conspired his death who did furiously poursue him but he freed himselfe very nobly and slue with his owne hand D. Fernand of Fonseca who dyed within foure dayes after Those which write of this battell fought in the yeare 1467. 1467. two and twenty yeares and three moneths after another fought in the same place An vncertaine victorie do not certainely affirme whose side got the victorie for they of the Kings part tooke Don Alphonsos standard with Don Diego de Melo that carried it who was sore hurt the Standards of the Earle of Plaisance and his daughter the Countesse of Belalcaçar those of the Arch-bishop of Seuill and Don Garcia of Padilla who conducted the troupes of the Marquis of Villena Master of Saint Iames then absent fell likewise into the Kings power diuers Knights of these bands were slayne and about threescore and tenne taken among whome was the Earle of Luna and likewise Don Henry Henriques third sonne to the Admirall Don Frederick The Confederates also tooke King Henryes banner although it was not displayed but found wrapt vp among the baggage a great part whereof they brought to Olmedo and besides that they tooke seauen other standards they slue two hundred and eight horse-men and tooke more than foure hundred prisoners and yet for all that the one side as well as the other published the victorie for his owne and bone-fires were made in token of ioy as well at Medina del campo as at Olmedo All men affirme that they fought there in great disorder and in manifest contempt of all martiall discipline the footmen on either side were rascally people who thought vpon nothing but pillage or flight The King who was absent from the Battell hauing gathered his people together made the same night a triumphant entrie into Medina del campo giuing rest to his souldiers who had need thereof the guard of the towne beeing committed to the inhabitants against those which held la Mote The Ensignes and Standards which were won were carryed by the councell of the Bishoppe of Calaorra against the Kings will into the Church of Saint Andrew and there left The victorie published and beleeued generally to bee on the Kings side drew diuers Lords to his seruice neuerthelesse others did ioyne themselues with the Confederates in the number of whome was the Earle of Alua whome the King had a long time expected in vaine hoping to meet him at that encounter who receyued of the Arch-bishop and the Marquis the townes of the Arch-bishops bridge and Montalban for the which he was greatly blamed The Master of S. Iames who was absent from the battell being come from Ocagna to Olmedo was greatly discontented that they had fought and did greatly complaine of them that had giuen consent thereunto Certaine dayes after Antonio de Veneris Bishop of Leon arriued at Medina del campo sent as Legat from the Pope and the Consistorie of Rome The Pope sends a legâ—te to treat of peace with ample authoritie but no way limited especially to treate about the pacifying of the warres of Castile king Henry receyued him very honorably and with great modestie and reuerence to the Sea of Rome from whence he was sent he did answer his Legacie telling him neuerthelesse that he doubted his iourney would prooue fruitlesse because of the rebels obstinaciâ— First of all the Legate enioyned both sides vppon paine of excommunication to lay by their armes for one whole yeare to the end they might the better treate of peace but the Confederates thinking that these State-matters and temporal differences were no game for the Pope The confederat Lords contemn the censures made no account of Ecclesiasticall censures in that point It was thought fit that the Legate should conferre with the confederate Lords betwixt Medina and Olmedo
perswaded him to inuent some fitter meanes to reduce that Cittie vnder the obedience of King Henry their true and lawfull Prince which Don Pedro much affecting after that hee had vnderstood the minds of the Sheriffes and Iurates of the Cittie the fift day after the Kings departure The Gouernor D. Pero of Ayala putteth Toledo in the kings power hee commaunded the Marshall Payo de Ribera and his sonne to get them home to their owne houses Whereunto they yeelded without any delay and foorth-with the whole Cittie beganne to cry God saue king Henry and let the Rebels bee destroyed so much power hath the presence and authoritie of one onely man to appease or stirre vp a multitude The castle gates bridges and other strong places beeing seized vppon by the Gouernour and furnished with people at his deuotion for the Kings seruice Fernand of Riuadeneyra beeing likewise set at libertie the morrow after the king came to Toledo and was lodged in the Gouernour Don Pero's house where he gaue Donna Maria of Silua great thankes for the good seruice which shee had done him and called backe the Bishop of Badajos who was principall authour of that enterprise After dinner sundry mechanicall tumultuous fellowes two thousand in number came before the kings lodging crauing confirmation of the citties priuiledges and to be freed from the tribute called Alcauales the king desirous to be ridde of this insolent crew graunted their petition The next day the selfe same raskally companie returned asking other confirmations of writings gifts graunts and liberties wherewith the king beeing mooued the Gouernour who had assembled men at armes by reason of the former dayes tumult ioyned them with the officers of iustice and ranne vppon the multitude who after they had hurt and ouerthrowne diuers of them and put the rest to flight certaine of the principall were committed to prison and afterward vppon enquirie of the matter according to their deserts some of them were hanged and the residue lost their eares and were whipped This tumult beeing appeased there remayned yet in the tower or steeple of the great Church the Abbot of Medina and other Channons who tooke the part of the Arch-bishoppe Don Alphonso Carillo of Acugna who were beseeged by the Gouernor and enforced by famine to yeeld themselues their liues beeing saued All troubles beeing ended the King confirmed Don Pero Lopes in his gouernement enioyning the Toledans to obey him as his owne person and so returned to Madrid where hee beganne to thinke anew vppon the castle and his treasures which were in the power of Captaine Perucho of Munsaras whome hee did not grealy trust and not without cause for the Master of Saint Iames and the Arch-bishoppe of Toledo had wonne him to deliuer vp that place into their hands But the king vppon a time finding meanes to enter into the castle beeing well accompanied Perucho was constrayned to giue place who notwithstanding that he had slayne the Porter and begunne to rayse a mutinie was neuerthelesse taken and forced to begge pardon the which the king beeing mild and gentle graunted vnto him and gaue him leaue moreouer to carry away what he would and bestowed summes of money vppon him sending him home to his owne house These newes did greatly trouble the Infant Don Alphonso who was termed King but aboue all the losse of Toledo did amaze the Marquis and the Arch-bishoppe with their Confederates Wherefore they departed from Areualo and tooke the ready way to Auila giuing out that they went to beseege Toledo The Infant Alphonso being arriued at Cardegnoça a towne neere to Auila hee was stricken with the plague which infected the whole country whereof hee dyed the fift day after which was vppon the fift of Iuly in the yeare 1468. hauing beene declared King three yeares before Death of â—he Inâ—ant Don. Alphonso hee dyed not without suspition of poyson the which was prodigiously published and beleeued thorough the whole Realme three dayes before it was true indeed by this accident Pope Paules Prophecie was verified for the Confederates at that time found themselues in great perplexity and wonderfully destitute of counsell his bodie for that time was kept in Areualo in the Monasterie of Saint Francis and since transported to Burgos to the Abbey of Mirefloure where his father King Iohn was buried The confederate Lords consulting vppon what was best to bee done now that they had lost the Prince Alphonso all of them in a manner were of opinion that King Henry was to be resisted and that Donna Izabella his sister was to bee proclaymed and crowned Queene of Castile in her dead brothers stead the Arch bishop of Toledo beeing deputed in all their names to go vnto her to exhort her to receiue this honour and dignitie who in a well-composed Oration hauing propounded vnto her the aduice of all the Lords of the League the Infanta who was endowed with great iudgement and singular pietie D Izabella reiecteth the title of Queene of Castile made him this answer that shee could not entertaine in her heart any desire of rule which might preiudice her brother King Henry vnto whome both by diuine and humane lawes the Kingdome did appertaine the which God had manifestly declared confirming him therein as well by the victorie of Olmedo as by the death of the Infant D. Alphonso neuerthelesse shee did greatly thanke â—hem for their loues which shee could feele with more profite and lesse labour if it would please them by agreeing with the King hir brother to procure him to declare her heire to his Kingdomes after his decease and to commaund that oath should bee made vnto her to the same effect according to the custome of Spayne the which shee propounded vnto them not so much for any desire that shee had to raigne as by that meanes to keepe the kingdome of Castile from falling into the hands of strangers and into any other bloud then that of Castile meaning thereby donna Ioane who was borne in adulterie This wise and vertuous answer D. Izabellas wise answer breakes the League and procureth the peace of Castil was of so great waight and consequence and so admired by all the Lords of the League as changing their minds they resolued to follow the Infantaes aduice and to trye if they could winne the King to condiscend thereunto the Master of Saint Iames taking vppon him the managing of their businesse and presuming to bring it to passe for quoth he I know the kings nature who doth easily forget things that are past and I doubt not but he will accept of this condition for to liue in peace and to recouer his former dignitie and will graunt a generall pardon for all that is past Vppon the newes of the Infant Don Alphonso's death the Arch-bishop of Seuile the Earles of Plaisance Benauent and Miranda with others which were neere the kings person at Madrid did make a new oath of allegeance vnto him and messengers were dispatched
thousand Florens The King Don Iohn hauing notice of this defeate came by sea with a great army alongst the coast of Ampurias blind as he was who no sooner set foote on land but miraculously he receiued his sight Hauing ioyned his forces with those of the Prince his son he marched couragiously against the French which were in the towne of Denjat who putting no great trust in the place nor yet to the inhabitants thereof they dislodged and withdrew themselues to Perpignan which by reason of engagement was at that time in the possession of king Lewis where the Duke of Calabria hauing left his army returned into France to make new leauies The King of Arragon lodged his armie round about Figuera and there wintered These things were done in Arragon at the same time that the battayle of Olmedo was fought betwixt King Henry of Castile and the Lords of the League aboue-mentioned The Duke of Calabria beeing afterward returned to Perpignan with a fresh supply of ten thousand men obtayned from King Lewis the eleuenth marched foorth with his forces to assayle the enemies King Iohn on the other side departed from Figuera and presented himselfe in order of battaile within two miles neere to the French but it is not knowne vpon what occasion he departed thence to beseege the towne of Peralta where hauing begunne a furious batterie and alreadie made a large and sufficient breach to assayle it the Duke of Calabria came suddenly and vnlooked for vppon him in the night not being heard nor perceyued by the Sentinels which slept Arragonois surprized by the French who cut in peeces the first court of guard that he mette with and entring furiously into the quarters and lodgings of the beseegers he did strike such a terrour amongst them as euery man leauing all that hee had behind him they all betooke themselues to flight in great disorder The King escaped bare-headed gallowping apace towards Figuera neuerthelesse there were some which put themselues in defence by whose valour the artillerie and munition was saued and the French-men beeing retired they held a forme of a seege vntill that the King with greater forces was returned to Peralta the which in the end he tooke The Authors do greatly prayse the valour of a certaine Knight of Guipuscoa named Don Iohn de Gamboa in this nightly skirmish who with his own hand slue three French-men at armes who hauing his horse slayne vnder him in the presse did yet notwithstanding saue himselfe hauing receyued eleuen wounds Lewis of Mudar a Castillan Knight is likewise remembred for his valor in this fight where Scipio Patella the Sicillian mentioned heretofore beeing a wise and valiant Knight was slayne fighting couragiously The French beeing victorious not caring for Peralta returned to the seege of Girona which without any difficulty they tooke After this Duke Iohn of Calabria beeing come to Barcelona to take order for the affaires of the warres was tormented with a burning pestilentiall feauer whereof hee dyed this yeare 1468. to the great griefe of those of Barcelona An. 1468. and extreame trouble of their affaires Now let vs returne to Castille Castile where the Princesse Izabella beeing discontented with the marriage which was treated of betwixt her and the King of Portugall sollicited hereunto by the Arch-bishoppe of Toledo shee came to speake with him at Yepes where by the perswasion of her master-Pantler named Don Guttiere de Cardegna he consented that shee should marry Don Fernand Prince of Girona the eldest sonne of Arragon and heire to the same Crowne who was by the King his father in fauour of that marriage entitled King of Sicill much about the time of the Duke of Calabria's death wherby the affaires of King Iohn beganne to prosper the better for the French hauing lost their head retired themselues to Perpignan by meanes whereof the armie of Arragon had leysure to scoure the coast of Ampurias the Castle of which towne with other places yeelded themselues so did Girona and Don Iohn Ferrier Bishoppe thereof with the Vicount of Cabrera Martorella and soone after Saint Felix Palamos and Vergues with diuers Lords and Prelates who demaunded and obtayned pardon for their rebellion Whilest King Iohn was in the same countrey Don Alphonso of Arragon his Bastard-sonne did greatly molest the Barcelonois forraging their tetritorie with a thousand horse and fiue thousand foot-men At this time the Estate of Nauarre was not very quiet Treaty of marriage betwixt Donna Izabel and Don Fernand for the factions of Grammont and Beaumont raigning in the countrey the Earle Gaston of Foix husband to Donna Leonora heire of the kingdome who did gouerne it perswaded himselfe that hee ought to enioy the kingly title with all other rights and preheminences of the same wherefore strengthening himselfe with the Beaumontois faction whilst his father-in-law King Iohn was busied in the wars of Cattelogne he possest himselfe of diuers strong places of Nauar and newly beseeged Tudele whereof K. Iohn being aduertised vpon the good hap of his affaires in Cattelogne he brought his army thither which was well exercised in the former wars to succor those which took his part but before he came thither Don Lewis seized vppon the Cittie of Pampelona the Inhabitants whereof were for the most part followers of those of Beaumont Diuers histories of small authoritie make mention that this Earle of Lerin made sharp warre not onely vppon the Nauarrois of the other Faction but also vppon the Arragonois running on euen to Iaca and Exea belonging to the Knights hauing for companion in his counsells and enterprises Charles of Artieda hee tooke from the Constable Don Pedro of Peralta the towne of Andosilla and from Don Inigo of Estuniga Earle of Nieua that of Mendauia then hee tooke Artaxona and Olito with many other places and did many other great exploits by reason that hee held the cittie of Pampelona disposing of it as if hee had beene Lord and master At the same time also there was mention made of a famous theefe called Sancho Rota Sancho Rotta a famous tâ—eef Death of Q. Ioane of Arragon whose retreate was in a mountaine neere to Tudele called las verdenas del Rey who with thirtie horse that hee kept ranne into the country of Arragon bringing from thence great store of pillage vsing all such well as hee tooke prisoners To suppresse the insolencies done as well by him as by the Earle of Lerin the people of Iaca and the Nobility thereabouts made shew of entring into Nauarre but the Earle of Lerin sent a great number of souldiers to meete with them conducted by Charles of Artieda Machin de Gongorra Lord of Ciordia Iohn d'Ayanc and Fernand d'Aranc who meeting with the Arragonois neere to Sanguessa at a certaine bridge vppon the riuer of Arragon they lighted from their horses thinking to fight with greater aduantage on foote and comming to handy-strokes they did hinder the Arragonois passage and
Princesse had placed her affection vpon Prince Fernand and so returned home leauing the King highly displeased with his sister who dissolued the Parliament at Ocagna not suffering the peeres to sweare to his sisters succession in the kingdome The assembly at Ocagna beeing broken vppe the king beeing very desirous to pacifie the Country of Andaluzia The King of Castiles voiage into andalaâ—ia which was full of dissentions hee went thither in person leauing for Viceroies in Valiodolit the Earle of Benauent and Don Pedro de Velasco with the President and Chauncery the Princesse Donna Isabella remayning at Ocagna who promised not to dispose of her marriage till the returne of the King and the Councell There went with the king the Mr. of St. Iames the Archbishop of Siuil the Bishop of Siguença and others of the councel but the Archbishop remained sick at Ciudad-real the king came to Iaen where hee was receiued entertained by the Constable Michael Lucas d'Irançu who protested to him that he would not suffer any one of the rebels in his traine to come into the city wherefore the Mr. of St. Iames to be accouÌ„ted one of the number staied at Osuna but Roderigo of Vlloa beeing more foolish hardy then the rest receiued the disgrace to be rudely repulst by the Constable who couched his launce against his brest sending him thence with many bitter speeches this Constable was very faithfull to the King his Maister D. Michaâ— Luâ—as de Iransu Constable of Castile a free and Generous Knight and was a liberall and generous Knight To Pedro Gonçales de Mendoza Bishop of Siguença and to the whole house of Mendoza who entred with the king the Constable gaue openly a singular testimony of their fidelity with a loude voice as they passed thorow the gate The King and the Lords of his traine were for the space of three daies feasted at Iaen from whence he went to Castro del Rio where D. Pedro of Cordoua Earl of Cabra met him with a thousand horse bringing with him his children and Martin Alphonso Lord of Alcaudete his sonne in law who were all of them faithfull and good seruants to the King With this company the King went to Cordoua wherein remained Alphonso de Aiguilar one of the faction of the Maister of Saint Iames the city gates were opened to him and Alphonso in recompence receiued certaine pentions betwixt whom and the Earle of Cabra had beene old grudges but the King went about to make them friends the Gouernment of Cordoua which in times past did belong to the Earle of Cabraes predecessors was giuen vnto him and the office likewise of Marshall Vpon a seditious petition presented by those of Cordoua mentioning that Peter Earle of Cabra and Martin Alphonso his sonne-in-law and Alphonso de Aguilar should deliuer vp certaine places belonging to the city and communalty of Cordoua held by them during the troubles it was determined that they should giue caution for the deliuery of them by a certaine day this was a tricke of Don Alphonso de Aguilar who stirred vp the people to constraine the Earle and his sonne-in-law to restore that which they had vsurped hee himselfe perceiuing that he could no longer hold the places which hee had taken during the trouble the which did greatly nourish and increase the hatred which the Earle and his sonne-in-law did beare vnto him Whilest the King lay at Cordoua there arriued Ambassadors from the French King Lewis the eleuenth the Cardinall of Albj beeing the chiefe the effect of his message was to breake the league betwixt the King of Castile and the English which was very preiudiciall to King Lewis his Maister After audience he obtained what he demaunded the Maister of Saint Iames working the matter who perhaps was a faithfuller seruant to the French King then to his Maister the King of Castile This yeere 1469. died Friar Lopes of Barjentes Bishop of Cuenca the Bishoprike of Leon beeing likewise voide Anthony de Veneris the Popes Legat had that of Cuenca and that of Leon was giuen to Doctor Roderigo de Vergara the Kings agent at Rome The Princesse Donna Isabella during the Kings stay in Andaluzia was ruled by the aduice of the Admirall and the Archibishop of Toledo and forgetting the promise which shee had made to the King her brother shee inuented meanes to surprise the towne of Areualo held in the name of the Earle of Playsance by Aluaâ—o de Beacamont with whom she practized but shee was disapointed of her purpose which was discouered by the Earle who preuented the Princesse and committed the captaine to prison The Earle possest this place as a pawne engaged vnto him for a certaine summe of money when the Infant Alphonso was chosen King The Princesse being deceiued in her hope came to Madrigall and from thence to Valliodolit vnto whom the King sent the Cardinall of Albit the French Kings Ambassador and the Archbishop of Siuill to possesse her with a distaste of Fernand King of Sicill which marriage did highly displease him fearing that by reason of the warres of Cattalonia and former matters betwixt him and King Iohn of Arragon his father some great losse might happen to Castile by that match The Cardinall and the Archbishop did their best and made offer of a marriage betwixt her and Charles Duke of Guyenne brother to the French King but shee made no account thereof persisting in her first resolution wherefore they returned backe without effecting that which they went about the king iournying thorough Andaluzia was continually sollicited by the Maister of Saint Iames vnto whom he could deny nothing to remoue and displace the captaines gouernors other officers of towns and castles to the end to place therein such as were of his owne faction This Maister of Saint gâ—â—iâ— out to displace the captaines of the gorrisâ—â—s in Anâ—â—â—zia and to plaâ—â—â—â—â—rei â—â—ch â—â—w â—â—at his deuotion which was granted to him at Eccia where hee displaced Martin of Cordoua and put in Doctor Garcia Lopes of Madrid one of his councel and Frederick Manrique and to recompence Martin he assigned him certaine pentions hard to be recouered And thinking to doe the like to Hernandes of Narbaez the old Gouernor of Antiquera he found himselfe deceiued for the Gouernor would not suffer the King to enter into his Fort with aboue fifteene men and the residew of his traine were constrained to take vp their lodging in the country villages thereâ—â—abouts These things did not displease the King who albeit he knew very well that it was an vniust thing to displace the captaines that had beene faithfull vnto him at a traitors motion yet he had not the courage to reiect the importunities of the Maister who would haue had his friend Alphonso de Aguilar to haue commanded in Antiquera The King being come to Archidonna had conference with a Moore of Malaga called Alquizote an enemy to the King of Granada who presented him with
exhibited the authoritie which hee had from the Duke of Guienne the Cardinall tooke Donna Ioane and the Earle by the hands and betrothed them with all the vsuall ceremonies and sollemnities and then the drummes and trumpets sounded and all sorts of signes of ioy and gladnesse were made by the assistants This done the Ambassadours returned to Segobia where by the way they were so beaten with a violent tempest of wind raine and hayle as they were in danger of their liues and diuers of their traine perished which was an euident token that the miseries of Spayne were not yet at an end From Segobia the King caused the Bishop of Siguença to accompany them to Burgos The Duke of Guienne his death breakes this marriage from whence they returned highly contented to France but the Duke of Guienne his death who liued in continuall discord with his brother king Lewis hindred the accomplishment of this marriage The Arch-bishop of Toledo was then at home in his house New troubles by the Arch-bishop of Toledos meanes contriuing of new trobles and held the party contrarie to the Master of S. Iames who did wholly possesse the King to the great indignation of the great Lords who vppon that occasion left the Court and retired themselues home to their houses the kingdome beeing opprest with miseries plagues famines murthers and falshood in all things especially in mony to the great hurt of the people who wanted the administration of iustice Basco de Contreras one of the Kings captaines had taken the fortresse of Perales from this Arch-bishop the which caused new troubles for the Arch-bishop beeing desirous to recouer it assembled forces and came and beseeged it the King on the other side sent him commandement to withdraw his souldiers threatning if he refused to fall vppon him and his and was already come to Madrid with troupes of horse and foote The Arch-bishop perceyuing himselfe inferiour in strength obeyed the Kings commandement and brought backe his people to Alcala The Princes Don Fernand and D. Izabella remayned at Duegas beeing counselled and fauoured in all things by the Arch-bishop of Toledo and his faithful companion Don Iohn of Arias Bishop of Segobia Proceedings against the Archb of Toledo by reason whereof the King complayned to the Pope by his Ambassadour resident at Rome of both these Prelates accusing them of committing many things to the preiudice and contempt of his royall Crowne The Pope vnderstanding so much sent to the Bishop of Segobia commanding him within the terme of ninety dayes to make his personall appearance at Rome And hee appoynted that the Lords of the Kings Councell should cause the Arch-bishop to be summoned and exhorted by foure Channons according to the forme of law to returne to the obedience due vnto the king which if he should refuse to do they should then thunder out his processe and send it to Rome that the Pope might see it to the end to proceede against him and chastise him as a rebellious Prelate The Popes Briefe beeing declared in the Chapter-house of Toledo there came to the Court at Madrid Fernand Peres of Ayala bastard-brother to Pero Lopes of Ayala who had beene Earle of Fuençalida Diego del Gadillo Marco Dias and Don Francisco of Palencia Prior of Arrochio Chanons of the same church who hauing shewed to the King how highly their Prelates disobedience did displease not onely them but the whole Chapter they offered themselues to performe whatsoeuer the Kings Councell should thinke fit to bee done for his seruice and for reducing the Arch-bishop to his duty to his royall Maiestie Now because the King and his trayne were at that time in the Diocesse of Toledo and fearing the Archbishops censures and interdictions they defended themselues with an appeale putting themselues vnder the protection of the Sea Apostolicke and then a Knight and a Doctor was sent to giue the Arch-bishop notice of the Briefe and to commaund him to returne to the Kings seruice and to abandon the Princes whom the King desired to chase out of the Realme The Arch-bishop excused himselfe and answered that heretofore by the Kings commaundement he had sworne to the Princesse Donna Izabella as to the eldest heire of the Crowne therefore he could not acknowledge any other but her and he besought the king to deale no farther in that businesse because such was his determinate will and purpose The King vnderstanding this answer commanded to proceed against the Arch-bishop with all rigour but the Master of Saint Iames who managed the affaires with more cunning was of a contrarie opinion he aduised the King to send the Licentiate Diego Henriques vnto him to offer him if he would adhere to the Kings partie and forsake the Princesse three thousand tennants and two forts for his two sons Troilo Carillo of Acugna and Lope Vasques of Acugna The Arch-bishop reiected these temptations and would by no meanes forsake the Princesse seruice This notwithstanding the Master caused all proceedings against her to cease and the foure Channons were sent backe to Toledo discontented enough three of them were taken by the way and brought to Torrejon de Velasco by Pero Arias of Auila who by the Arch-bishops commandement lay in ambush to surprise them Fernand Peres of Ayala onely saued himselfe in Canales The King beeing very much displeased herewith sent diuers horse-men to field who tooke diuers friends and seruants of the Arch-bishops and among others Don Diego of Gueuara a Channon of Toledo in exchange of whome the three Chanons were deliuered And so the matter passed on betwixt the King and the Arch-bishop for that time In the meane time the Master of Saint Iames intending his owne profite and beeing assured of his credit and power had taken the cittie of Alcaraz which imported him very much beeing neere to his Marquisat of Villena and was easily confirmed in the possession and reuenue of the same by the King Disorders in the gouernement of Castile which discontented diuers for by his example the Earle of Benauent seized vpon Villalua and deposing Pero Nugno from his office of Merin major of the cittie of Valliodolit he gaue it to his brother Don Pedro Pimentell It was then an ordinarie tricke in Spayn for those that were able to seize vpon any place to do it without caring for robberies murthers and other hainous crimes which they by such attempts affoorded matter and occasion too beeing assured that if they had any little fauour in Court to possesse their booties without controule It happened euen so to the Earle of Arcos Don Rodrigo Ponce of Leon who hauing taken during the furies of the League the cittie of Cales he obtayned the same in full proprietie with title of Marquis therof by the meanes and furtherance of the Master of Saint Iames his father-in-law If two Lords were at strife without any respect of the Royall Maiestie they would strike vp the drumme and raise forces to ruine one another
Roderigo Manriques against the Marquis who intended to beseege them the which they obtayned moreouer the King and Queene sent vnto them the Bishop of Auila and the Lord of Coca and Alaexos who were both of them called Alphonso de Fonseca The Marquis fearing least other places might reuolt by the example of Alcarras solicited the Kings of Portugall to make hast and hauing taken Donna Ioane whome he termed Queene out of Escalona hee brought her by Trugillo vnto Plaisance whereas King Alfonso of Portugall arriued with an army of fiue thousand horse The army of Portugall entreth into Castill of all sorts and fifteene thousand foote Hee was attended on by the Archbishoppe of Lisbone the Bishoppe of Ebora and Coimbra and many other Prelats and Church-men who are alwaie desirous to bee where stirres and tumults are albeit the true followers of Christ Iesus haue peace in greatest recommendation more-ouer there were with him the Constable and Marshall of Portugall the Duke of Bragança and his brother the Earle of Faro the Earles of Villa-real Penela Marialua and Pegnamaçor with a great number of other Nobility desirous to serue their King to winne honour and to encrease their estates by the enlargement of so great a conquest as they hoped to make vpon the Kingdomes of Castile and Leon with the teritories annexed there-vnto the most part of whome hauing vpon this vncertaine ground sold or morgaged their lands and liuings The King of Portugall and Donna Ioane were betrothed each to other in the Citty of Playsance The king of Portugall and Donna Ioane betrothed each to other protesting to craue a dispensation from the Pope there were present Don Diego de Estuniga Duke of Areualo and his brother the Earle of Miranda and King Alfonso and Donna Ioane were at that act and ceremony called and intitled King and Queene of Castile and Leon. King Alfonso at his departure out of Portugal least his Sonne the Prince Don Iohn Regent and gouernor there Geneologie of Portugal who was newly made father to a Sonne by his wife Donna Leonor who was named Alfonso being borne at Lisbone in the yeare 1475. An. 1475. King Fernand and Queene Isabell did like-wise intitle themselues Kings of Portugall and of the Algarues and either-fide did beare the armes of both the Kingdomes indifferently The gouernors of the frontiers were commanded to inuade one another which they readily executed with great cruelty and to the great spoyle of the realme of Portugall the people of Castile putting all to fire and sword that were neere to their borders especially on the coast of Badajos where the Castle of Nodar was taken from the Portugalls and Martin de Sepulueda one of the foure and twenty of Siuill was made gouernor thereof who from thence made sharpe warre vpon the Portugois and yet in the end hee proued scarce faithfull to his Kings Don Alfonso of Montroy Treasorer of the order of Alcantara who seemed him-selfe Maister thereof did on the other-side winne Algretta In like manner Don Alfonso de Cardegna great commander of Leon who called him-selfe maister of Saint Iames did with sundry troupes of horse forrage and spoile the fronters of Portugall and brought great booties from thence Don Pero Aluares de Soto mayor shewed him-selfe on the King of Portugalls side and tooke Tuy calling him-selfe Vicount thereof and tooke also Bayon of Minio sundry other exploits of warre with burning of houses and robberies were committed on the frontiers by this enraged multitude Now the king of Portugall did perceaue that the warre was likely to last longer and bee more difficult than hee had expected and almost despairing of ending it with honour vnles hee had the aide and supply of some greater power hee sought by all meanes to incite the French King Lewis the leauenth to breake his alliance with the Kings of Castile Toro deliueâ—ed to the King of Portugall and to assaille them on that side of Guipuscoa the which hee obtayned as hereafter shal be mentioned In the meane time hauing receiued the Citty of Toro by the treason of Iohn Vlloa hee assayled the Castle and tooke it by force and by the like treason made him-selfe Maister of Zamora the which was deliuered vnto him by Iohn de Porras one of the chiefe cittizens thereof whose Sonne in law named Alfonso de Valencia beeing Mashall was Captayne of the Castle who had rather trust to the vncertaine promises of the King of Portugall Zamâ—ra in the power of the King Portugal than respecting his owne honour relie vpon the offers of King Fernand and Queene Isabell from Zamora King Alfonso came backe to Toro where his new betrothed wife and her mother Queene Ioane lay who was sister to this King who dyed about that time and was very honorably buried at Madrid in the monastery of S. Francis The Kings Fernand and Izabella greatly apprehending the wrongs and losses which they daily sustained they hasted on their subiects and souldiers to suppresse the Portugois or else to fight with them Great numbers of Lords Knights and men at armes came to Vailliodolit where the whole bodie of the armie from all places of Spayne was assembled Andalusia excepted in which Prouince the quarrell did still continue betwixt the Duke of Medina Sidonia and the Marquis of Cales and betwixt the Earle of Cabrera and Don Alphonso of Aguilar and there was some likeli-hood that the Marquis and Don Alphonso would take the Marquis of Villena's part their brother-in-law The men of note that were come to Vailliodolit were these Don Pedro Gâ—nçal of Mendoza Cardinall of Spayne and his breethren Don Diego Hurtado of Mendoza Duke of Infantasgo Don Inigo Lopes of Mendoza Earle of Tendilla Don Lorenzo Suares Earle of Crugna Don Pedro de Velasco Constable of Castile Don Alphonso Henriques high Admirall Don Garcy Aluares of Toledo Duke of Alua Don Roderigo Alphonso Pimentel Earle of Benauent Don Henry Henriques Earle of Alua de Lista Don Pedro Manrique Earle of Treuigno Don Iohn Manrique Earle of Castagneda and his brother Don Gabriel Manrique Earle of Osorno Don Pedro Aluares of Osorio Marquis of Astorga D. Diego Lopes Sarmiento Earle of Salinas Don Pedro of Mendoza Earle of Montagu D. Alphonso d'Areillan Earle of Aguilar Don Pedro of Acugna Earle of Buendia with other Lords ecclesiasticall and temporall Don Bertrand de la Cueua Duke of Albuquerque remayned neuter knowing not how to resolue he would willingly haue adhered to the King of Portugall who was to bee husband to her who was reputed to be his daughter but he durst not yet for all that at the last he tooke the partie of king Fernand and Queene Izabella by meanes whereof diuers did take their parts who before that time were doubtfull what to do Garcy Lopes of Padilla Treasurer of Alcantara who was the last Master of that Order and Don Diego of Castile with diuers Knights and Commanders came to the Kings and Queenes
sudden sicknesse fifteene dayes after she was crowned in the same citie of Tudela she was buried in the couent of S. Sebastian of the Order of S. Francis neere to the citty of Tafalla which was since ruined by the commandement of Cardinall Francisco Ximeenes Archbishoppe of Toledo and Gouernour of Castile who thought that the strong building of that Monasterie was no good neighbour to such a towne Albeit we haue alreadie in the precedent booke spoken of this Princesses children yet wee will somewhat more amply enlarge the discourse thereof in this place Genealogie of Nauarre Their eldest sonne was Gaston who bearing the title of Prince of Viana was married to Donna Magdalene of France and dyed at Libourne beeing misfortunately hurt with the splinter of a Launce as hee there ranue at Tilt hee was father of two children that is to say Francis Phoebus and Katherine who were King and Queene of Nauarre and Earles of Foix successiuely the one after the other Their second sonne was Iohn who had the Vicounty of Narbonne for his portion purchased by his father for readie money and married Marie who was daughter to Lewis Duke of Orleance who was French king and the twelfth of that name Paradin sayes more truly that she was daughter to Charles Duke of Orleance of whome were borne Gaston of Foix Duke of Nemours who dyed in the battaile of Rauenna and Germaine who was second wife to Fernand the Catholicke King and after that shee was secondly married to Fernand of Arragon Duke of Calabria lawfull son to Fredericke king of Naples who dyed being Viceroy of Valencia This Iohn Vicount of Narbone was Gouernour of Daulphiné and afterwards of Guyenne a hardie and valiant Knight renowned in the warres against the English and in those of Italy whither hee went with King Charles the eighth in great credite and authoritie and afterwards dyed in the raigne of King Lewis the twelfth at Estampes where he lies buried The third sonne of Earle Gaston and Donna Leonora was Peter borne at Pau in the countrey of Bearne the yeare one thousand foure hundred forty nine who gaue himselfe to studie and did choose an ecclesiasticall life vnder the gouernement of his great Vncle the Cardinall of Foix Bishoppe of Lescar and the Popes Legate in Daulphiné and Prouence after whose death hauing profited at the Vniuersities of Tholousa Pauia and Ferrara in the ciuill and canon Lawes hee was also by Pope Sixtus the fourth made Cardinall of the title of Saint Cosmo and Damian beeing before Bishop of Vannes and prouided of many rich Benefices by the fauour of Francis Duke of Brittaine his brother-in law who had married his sister Ladie Margaret of Foix mother to Queene Anne The fourth sonne of the Earle of Foix and of Donna Leonora was called Iames hee onely of all their children was borne in Nauarre and was a Knight highly esteemed and honoured by King Lewis the twelfth with the Order of Saint Michaell and with the leading of an hundred men at armes in the warres of Lombardie and elsewhere he purchased the commendation of a valiant and wise Captaine but hee dyed young hauing not attayned to the age of thirtie yeares and was neuer married Hee left certaine base children who professed an ecclesiasticall life and did possesse rich benefices euen till the later dayes of King Francis the first Besides these foure sonnes Earle Gaston and Donna Leonora had fiue daughters the first whose name was Mary was married to William Marquis of Montferrat who by the Popes authoritie erected the church of Casall into a Bishops Sea this Ladie was brought to her husband the yeare one thousand foure hundred sixtie sixe by her brother Peter of Foix by Bernard the Bastard of Foix Godfrey Basileac Bishoppe of Riues by the Bishop of Conserans and Peter of Sobreuille and by diuers other Lords and Knights Of this marriage no male children were borne but daughters onely the eldest of whom was married to Lewis sonne to Thomas Marquis of Salusses and these daughters did not succeed their father in the Marquisat but a brother of his Ioane second daughter of Earle Gaston and Donna Leonora was married to the Earle of Armagnac sonne to him who was slaine by the commaundement of King Lewis the eleuenth with which marriage the King beeing displeased the Earle was so persecuted as hee was constrained to flie for safetie into Castile where trusting to the faire speeches oathes and promises of the Cardinall of Albi the French Kings Ambassadour in the sayd kingdome beeing returned into France hee was there cruelly stabbed to death with daggers Whereuppon his wife Donna Ioane of Foix returned into Bearne hauing had no children by him The third daughter was Marguerite wife to Francis the last Duke of Brittaine by whome hee had two daughters Anne and Izabella Izabella dyed young but Anne was married to two French Kings successiuely Charles the eighth and Lewis the twelfth by Lewis she had two daughters Claude and Rene Claude who was first promised to Charles who was since king of Spain and afterwards Emperor the fifth of that name did marrie Francis of Valois then duke of Angoulesme and afterwards French king first of that name Rene was married to Hercules of Este duke of Ferrara the Earle Gaston and his wife D. Leonora had besides these Catherine married to the Earle of Candale and mother of 3. children the eldest of whome was Lord of Candale the second Arch-bishoppe of Bourdeaux and the third who was a daughter named Anne Queene of Hungarie and Bohemia wife to Vladislaus son to Casimir King of Polonia This Vladislaus first king of Bohemia had before married Donna Beatrix of Arragon widdow to King Mathias of Hungarie for whose sake the Hungarians chose him for their King but he was diuorced from her in regard of her loose life and afterwards maried this Ladie Anne of Foix who was brought to her husband thorough the Dutchie of Milan at that time possessed by the French and by the cittie of Venice the great friend and ally of this King Leonardo Lauredan being at that time Duke thereof Of this marriage was borne Lewis who succeeded his father in the kingdomes of Bohemia and Hongarie husband to Queene Marie of Castile who was sister to the Emperour Charles and a daughter named Anne married to Ferdinand of Austria afterwards Emperour and Brother to Charles and by her king of Bohemia and Hungarie after the death of his father-in-law King Lewis of the which Fernand and Anne the Emperour Maximilian was borne and many other children the fifth daughter of Earle Gaston and Donna Leonora of Nauarre dyed vnmarried beeing onely promised to the Duke of Medina Celi issued from the same house of Foix and was called after her mothers name Leonora This house of Foix and Nauar hath brought foorth this of spring of great and illustrious Princes giuing to Christendome at one time foure Queenes who were cousin-germaines namely Catherine Queene of Nauar Germaine
the stately Colledge of the holy Crosse at Vailliodolit was ended and the same yeare dyed Don Pero Fernandes Generall of the frontier of Andalusia Don Henrique de Guzman Cales reunited to the Crowne of Castile Duke of Medina Sidonia Don Rodrigo Ponce of Leon Marquis of Cales by whose decease without children the cittie of Cales returned to the Crowne Don Pedro of Estuniga Earle of Miranda of Duero and Don Bertrand de la Cueua first Duke of Albuquerque Pope Innocent the eight dyed likewise at Rome in whose stead was chosen Rodrigo Borgia Cardinall of Saint Nicholas in Carcere Tulliano Bishop of Alba Porto and S. Ruffine Vice-chancellor and Deane of the Church of Rome sonne to Don â—effrey Lançol Lord of Canales and to a sister of Pope Calixtus the third who was of the family of Borgia from whence this man did take his name and he was called Alexander the sixt who soone after his assumption to the Papacie made two Cardinals of his Bloud the one his Nephew named Iohn Borgia and the other his owne sonne called Caesar Borgia of whome we shall haue occasion to speake in this Historie The same yeare the sonne of Don Pero Gonçales of Mendoza Cardinall of Spaine whose name was Rodrigo was by King Fernand and Queene Izabella honoured with the title of Marquis of Zenete and they made an end of building the vaults of the Cathedrall Church of Toledo which were begunne in the dayes of King Fernand the third and of the Arch-bishop Don Rodrigo Ximenes the Court remayning stil at Barcelona about the beginning of the yeare 1493. An. 1493. Christopher Columbus arriued there Christopher Columbus Admirall of the Iudies being returned from the West Indies whose same for the discouerie of those new lands was spread abroade ouer all Spayn he presented the Kings with gold beasts and other things brought from those Regions making an ample relation of his voyage the which did greatly content them who gaue him the title of Admirall of the Indies with armes wherein he vsed this Motto For Castile and Leon Columbus hath gotten a new world If the finding out of the wealth brought from the Indies hath brought any commoditie to the couetous negociators of our Regions the euils which did accompanie them did farre surmount and exceed them For then first of all The great Pockes the dâ—sease of the Indies brought into Europe was the abhominable Venerean disease known which in France is called the great pockes brought by the Spaniards which went with Columbus who hauing had to do with the Indian women which were infected there-with as with a disease proper and peculiar to the Country did communicate it to the women of Seuill and of the Court who distributed it to others running on with such contagion and horrible accidents of knobbes and rotting soares as in the beginning when our Phisitions knew not the remedie for such a disease diuers did miserably perish or remayned lame of their members with a villanous and strange change of their forme and fauour the reward of whoredom ouer common then in Spaine and else-where which neuerthelesse could not chastise the world in such sort but that this sinne is at this day more in vse then euer it was to the dishonour of God contempt of his lawes and confusion of all good order The Spaniards in recompence of this euill brought from the Indies carried thither the Kings euill and madnesse by the biting of dogges which they brought thither with them of which diseases the Indians had no knowledge at all The right remedie of this contagious infirmitie are GuaiacuÌ„ ChinauÌ„ and Salsaparilla which nature bringeth foorth in aboundance in that new world where they haue daily need thereof The Indies haue dinerted the Spaniards from husbandrie and aâ—ts Another euill hath the desire of gold pearles and other high prized things found in those Islands brought with it namely that the Spaniards haue giuen ouer all honest and profitable exercises the ground remayning vntilled in diuers places of Spaine and other arts contemned the people of Spayne making none account of any other matter but onely of the voyage to the Indies so that euer since it hath had continuall need of the commodities of the neighbour regions King Fernand and Queene Isabella did foorth-with send the desired newes of this discouerie to Pope Alexander betwixt whome diuers discourses did passe by their Ambassadours and letters to reduce the brutish and idolatrous people of that countrey to the knowledge of the true God and the benefite of Iesus Christ which would haue beene a memorable worke This Pope in the Conhstorie of the Cardinals did approoue this enterprize and conquest for the Kings of Castile The Pope giues the wâ—st Indies to the Kings of Castile granting and giuing to them and their successours by Apostolicall authoritie the Indies Islands and firme land of the West and did charge and enioyne them to cause the Gospell to be preached the which mooued the kings to furnish foorth the number of eighteene shippes vsing therein the diligence of Iohn Rodrigo of Fonseca Deane of Siuill who was afterward Bishop of Burgos and superintendent of the Indian affaires of which vessels manned with fifteene hundred men they gaue the charge to the Admirall Columbus and to a brother of his named Bar tholomew the dignitie of Gouernour of those new Countries who departing from Cales did againe cut thorough the Ocean sea and landed at the Iland called by them the Desired from whence without staying they pasâ—ed to the port of la Plata in the Island Hispagniola and came to the royall port where they found their fort to be ouerthrowne and the eight and thirtie Spaniards with their Captaine whom they had there left to be slaine by the Indians who were enforced to fall vppon them for the spoiles and robberies which they had committed There came in this second voyage with the Admirall Columbus Friar Buyl the Popes Vicar in the Iudies Friar Buyll a Monke of the Order of Saint Bennet a Cattelan by nation with authoritie of the Popes Vicar and twelue learned Clearkes of good and holy life according to those times diuers artificers beasts as well horse as neate with others store of victuals stuffes and necessary and profitable matters for the life of man with these prouisions the better to be furnished for future times the Admirall Columbus caused a new towne to be measured out which he named Isabella after the Queenes name the which hee peopled and poursuing his search hee discouered Cuba and Iamaica and other smaller Ilands wherin being busied the Spaniards left with the Friar beganne to enter into mutinie and to commit many disorders the Gouernours authoritie nor the Friars exhortations and interdictions not beeing able to containe them within their bounds whom the Admirall punishing according to their deserts at his returne it procured him enemies and hatred who did vnworthily vexe and poursue him as shal
summes of money vpon the Clergie for two yeares His infirmity increasing hee had such continuall faintings as on the seuen and twentieth of Iune they thought hee would haue died wherefore finding himselfe neere his end he desired to make his will and caused it to be written Testament of king Ferdinand leauing his daughter Queene Ioane for his generall heire and the infant D. Ferdinand his grand child gouernour of Castille to whome he gaue for gouernour D. Gonsal of Guzman treasorer of Calatraua and for his Schoolemaster D. Aluaro Osorio bishop of Astorga hauing a great desire to cause the three masterships of Castille to fall into his hands after his death whereupon he made orders which hee thought might take place but afterwards he reuoked them He had some amendment and came to Aranda of Duero whether Anthony Augustine his Chancellor of Arragon came whom he caused to be apprehended Chancellor of Aâ—â—gon accused to haue sought to dishonor queen Germaine and committed being informed that he had presumed to attempt against the honor of the queene his wife for seeing her too desirous to haue children and the king her husband by reason of his age and infirmitie too weake he had offered her his seruice too familiarly This Chancellor remained in prison till after the kings death and then was set at liberty by the Cardinal Xtmenes who was gouernor of Spaine The same yeare there hauing been an enteruiew at Vienne in Austria betwixt the emperour Maximiliâ—â— and Ladislaus king of Hongarie and Bohemia the marriages were accorded of the infant Ferdinand with Anne Daughter to the said king of Hongarie and of Marie sister to prince Charles of Austria Infanta of Castille with Lewis sonne and heir to the said king Ladislaus 13 King Francis past into Lombardy with a great army what succeeded in those wars you may read at large in the French Historie The Pope seeing all things prosper for the French made an accord with the king they had an enteruiew at Bolonia with great shewes of friendship Enteruiew betwixt Pope Leo and king Franâ—â—â— there they confirmed their league and conferred long of the conquest of Naples for the French king but they resolued to deferre it till after the death of king Ferdinand which they knew to be neere the Pope hauing no desire of it for the quiet of Italie alleaging for excuse that the time of the league which hee had with the Catholike king did not yet expire of sixeteene months yet in shew he seemed verie willing to countenance that conquest so as the French king who was well content to haue it deferred vntil another time for that his treasur was exhausted was verie wel satisfied There the Pragmatike sanction was abolished Pragmatike sanction abolished the Pope granting liberty to the king to the preiudice of the clergy of France to name present men at his pleasure to ecclesiastical dignities and benefices being voide within his realme a priuiledge which belonged to Chapters and Colledge they made many other agreements to the contentment one of another In this estate stood the affaires of Italie towards the end of king Ferdinands daies whose disease did vndermine him by little little yet he would needs part from Segobia to goe into Arragon to the estates whether he had sent Queene Germaine his wife transporting himselfe to Calataiub but he was forced to returne into Castille as well for the affaires of the realme as to giue order to prouide men for Italie in fauour of the emperor Maximilian who made preparation to enter it in the Spring and also to care for the defence of that which he held in Afrike At that time was the marriage betwixt D. Alfonso Peres of Guzman or Aluaro duke of Medina Sydonia and D. Anna of Arragon daughter to D. Alfonso of Arragon the kings Neece to whom one of his Councel comming from visiting a certaine woman whom they held for a Saint in Spaine called the holie woman of Barca reported from her that hee should bee of a good courage for hee should not die before he had conquered Ierusalem but this good woman was deceiued This yeare dyed of a double quarten Ague the great Captaine Gonsalo Fernandes of Cordoua duke of Sessa Death of D. Gonsalo Fernandes of Cordoua called the great Captaine Terranoua of Saint Ange marquesse of Bitonto Prince of Squilaci and Constable of the realme of Naples Among the other vertues of this famous man hee is much commended for his great chastity a rare thing in a Spaniard his end was in the seuenty third yeare of his age leauing by his wife D. Maria Henrique one only daughter and heire named D. Eluira of Cordoua his bodie lies in the monastery of Saint Ierosme in that citie The king hearing of the death of this worthy man sent to comfort his widow and daughter 14 In the yeare one thousand fiue hundred and sixeteene 1516 which was the last of king Ferdinands life there arriued in Castille at a place called the Sereine doctor Adrian Florent deane of Louuain embassador for Prince Charles of Austria and his Scholemaster who in time was made bishop of Tortosa then Cardinall and successiuely Pope His charge in shew was for matters of gouernement against the Lord of Cheures who was the princes gouernour but in effect he came into Spaine to prie and looke into the state of things and to aduertise the prince And the King dying which was held to bee verie neere hee had authoritie and commaundement to take possession in his name of the gouernement of the realmes of Castille Arragon and the rest The king parted from Plaisance with an intent to goe to Guadalupe there to performe a vow passing from one place to an other his infirmitâ—e still increasing hee stayed at Madrigalejo a borough neere vnto Trugillo where he had a kind of fluxe by reason whereof doctor Adrian who was verie vnpleasing vnto him transported himselfe thither yet shewing him a good countenaunce hee willed him to goe and attend him at Guadalupe his sickenesse encreasing they that were about him were constrayned to aduertise him that his end drew neere the which did much discontent him for hee thought hee had a longer time to liue neyther did hee giue credit to all that his Confessor Frier Thomas of Matienso said vnto him but when they had often reiterated this aduertisement that hee might dispose himselfe to die like a Christian he caused the Licenciat Zapate and doctor Caruaial who were of his chamber and of his Councell to bee called vnto him and with them the Licenciat Vergas his Treasurer who was also of his Councell a man in whom hee had great confidence whom he enioyned and coniured to giue him good and faithfull councell in that which hee should demaund of them hee told them that for the opinion hee had that prince Charles would not come in person to gouerne the realmes of Spaine hee had appoynted the Infant
well our dueties we will doe him the honour and reuerence that belongs vnto him that we haue no other king but Cesar The prince Charles was not yet chosen emperor but that 〈◊〉 was taken as a presage of his future election The first care of cardinall Ximeâ—â—s was to make an agreement with doctor Adrian who had brought letters and authoritie from prince Charles by the which he declared him his lieutenant in case that the king D. Ferdinand should die during his legation in 〈◊〉 The accord was thus made Accord for the gouernement of Spaine that vntill they had other newes from prince Charles they should ioyntly signe all dispatches After which they were to pacifie a trouble that was of no small consequence for D. 〈…〉 called the Deafe brother to the duke of Escalona the stemme of the Marquesse of Villeneâ—â—â— at this day had obtained after the decease of the great captaine who aspired to the mastership of S. Ieams bulls and prouision from the pope of that mastership did sollicite the commanders of the Ordâ—â— to assemble togither to recieue him Contention for the mastership of S. Ieams but prince Charles during his grandfâ—â—hers life had also obtained a later prouision by the â—eans of D. Bernâ—rdin of 〈◊〉 of all these three masterships in his person and it is most certaine that king Ferdinand was not 〈…〉 that he would haue giuen them to the infant D. Ferdinand The cardinall being advertised of these things he sent with the aduise of doctor Adriâ—â— and the Councel 〈◊〉 one of the Alcaides of the court with letters 〈…〉 this assembly of the commaunders whereunto they obeyed euen 〈◊〉 himselfe who desisted from his enterprise This Cardinall had a watchfull eie upon the actions of the Infant D. Ferdinand and of those which did gouerne him lâ—â—ing alwayes neere vnto his person Prouidence of Cardinal Ximenes for the a peace of Spaine for he feared lest the noblemen of Castille who desired som alteration in the state would corrunt him and make vse of his name He prouided in such sort for queene Germaine in this beginning to whom all things were difficult that shee might not want money for the entertainment of her house and royall dignities The place of residence for the councel was chosen at Madrid for that it was commodiâ—â—â— for the 〈◊〉 being not farre from his archbishopricke of Toledo from whence they 〈◊〉 Peter of Câ—mpreal Rengifo of Auila to carrie news vnto prince Charles of the 〈…〉 of the king his grandfather and of all that past since The prince was 〈◊〉 at 〈◊〉 where he had 〈…〉 bred vp and his brother D. 〈◊〉 in Spainâ— the one instructed in the 〈◊〉 fashions of the Flemings the other in thoâ—â— of Spaine which 〈◊〉 the Spaniard◠〈◊〉 cheâ—â—â—â— the yonger more and did much trouble the Cardinall 〈◊〉 The chiefeâ—â—â— which at that time did gouern the person of prince Charles 〈…〉 of Bourgondie and afterwards Chauncellour the Lord of Cheures and Laxatâ—â— Chamberlaines Laurence Gorrebot great master and Charles of Lannoy Master of the Horse Hee had a Phisition of Milâ—n called Peter Marlian a learned man and of great experience who was the inuentor of that Mott Plâ—â— vltra the which prince Charles vsed betwixt Hercules pillers hee was afterwards bishop of Tuy but against the will of cardinall Ximenes The lord of Cheures was of greatest authority about the prince hauing bred him vp hee was so hated of King Ferdinand as a little before his death in a certaine treaty made with doctour Adrian hee would haue it expresly reserued that Cheures should be chased away Cheures gouernour to prince Charles the which did much discontent him who for that cause conceiued a great hatred against doctor Adrian but hee was forced to yeeld that to the King that hee might winne his loue to prince Charles for hee sawe his intent was to debase him to aduaunce the Infant D. Ferdinand if hee could Of Spaniards D. Iohn Manuel was in some credite in the court of Flaunders a flatterer and breeder of debate betwixt King Ferdinand and Philip of Austria his sonne in lawe for the which hee was put in prison by the lady Marguerite gouernesse of Flaunders but after the kings death hee was presently set at libertie by prince Charles D. Antonio of Estuniga brother to the duke of Bejar was also honoured in that Court D. Pedro Portocarrero sonne to him that was deafe of whom wee haue spoken D. Lewis of Cordoua D. Alphonso Mantiques the bishop of Badajos and Pedro Mota archbishoppe of Seuile a famous preacher and Secretary to the prince Such was the estate of his Court when hee receiued newes of the death of the king his grandfather for the which hee shewed a griefe befitting nature and the neerenesse of bloud that was betwixt them hee commended him for the election which hee had made of the cardinall Francis Ximenes and did write vnto the Infant his brother to the widow Queene and to the councell giuing them hope that hee would bee soone in Spaine In his first letters to the Gouernours and the Councell hee did intitle himselfe Prince but some of the Councell of Flanders seeing Queene Ioane weake of her sences and to bee but a vaine maske of royall dignitie they were of opinion that hee should take the title of King the which hee did for that said hee it was conformable to the custome of the princes of Flaunders and Germanie Title of King allowed in Castille to prince Charles during his mothers life but not in Arragon and that it was the aduice of the Emperour Maximilian and of Pope Leo the which was not well liked of in Spaine notwithstanding seeing hee had once taken it it would haue beene dishonourable to haue left it and therefore hee continued this title the cardinall Ximenes causing the rest to allow of it and thereupon they did aduaunce the Standard and Armes of the new King Charles in the towne of Madrid The Arragonois strict defenders of their Lawes would neuer allow of this title of King during the life of Queene Ioane of whom D. Alphonso of Arragon archbishoppe of Saragosse was gouernor 18 Whilest these things were done at Madrid by cardinall Ximenes there grew new tumults Quarrell betwixt Pedro Giron and the duke of Medina Sidonia the which did first disquiet Andalusia and afterwards all the Prouinces of Spaine The chiefe of this tumult was D. Pedro Giron eldest sonne to the earle of Vregna who entred the countrey of the duke of Medina Sidonia with forces and besieged Luzero a sea towne with an intent to seaze vpon the whole Duchieâ— if hee could And this was the cause of his enterprise D. Iohn of Guzman duke of Medina Sidonia married two sisters successiuely one after an other daughters to the Duke of Bejar by the first hee had two children D. Henrie and D. Mentia and by the second one sonne called D. Aluaro D.
the Cardinall sent vnto them and satisfied them 7 Hee had yet one exploit to doe which hee thought expedient and necessarie Reformation â— the Infant D. Ferdinands house by the Cardinall yet full of enuie which was to reforme the Infant D. Ferdinands house and to take from him those that had bred him vp and serued him especially D. Pedro Nagnes of Guzman treasurer of the Calaâ—â—ua his gouernor and D. Aluaro Osorio a Iacobin bishop of Astorga his schoolemaster D. Pedro had neuer beene allowed by the Cardinall in that charge and he had often sought to crosse him whereupon there grew great hatred betwixt them the which Osorio had entertained and increased as well for some ambition wherein hee saw himselfe hindered by the Cardinall as through emulation which hath beene long betwixt those two orders Franciscanâ— and Iacobins inueâ—erate enemies the bishop being a Iacobin and the Cardinall a Franciscaine It was commonly bruted and euery man did beleeue it that Osorio had beene the cause and breeder of seditions at Vailledolit and Cardinall Ximenes knewe that hee did continually maligne him to the Flemish lords that hee sought to insinuate himselfe into the fauour of the emperour Maximilian and that hee had treated of a marriage betwixt the emperour and Queene Germaine And many held opinion that D. Pedro Nugnes of Guzman had had a conceit to carrie the Infant D. Ferdinand into Arragon with an intent and hope to make him king of that country whereunto the people would easily haue consented for the memorie and name of then deceaceased king D. Ferdinand who had loued the Infant dearely and other things â— some true some false which were spoken in Spaine whatsoeuer was the cause D. Pedro Nugnes and the bishop of Astorga were in no grace with the Cardinall wherefore hee did write often to the king and caused the lords of the councell to be delt withall to haue them discharged so as a little before king Charles his domming into Spaine there was a dispatch sent by the king by the which the Cardinall was commanded to discharge D. Pedro Nugnes of Guzman gouernour D. Aluaro Osorio Schoole-master D. Gonâ—alo of Guzman Chamberlaine and Sancho de Paredes steward to the Infant and send them home to their houses letting them know that the king was verie well satisfied with their good seruices but their ages did now require rest and that hee would haue regard vnto their merits and remember them as for the rest of the Infants house hee left it to the Cardinall to dispose as he should think fit This packet by the Post-masters fault came not to the Cardinals hands before all the contents were diuulged which caused the more difficultie in the execution of the kings will for the Post-master thinking it to be newes how that the king was imbarkt to come into Spaine he kept the packet fiue daies before he deliuered it to the Cardinall to whome it was directed and in the meane time sent this good news to the noblemen to draw presents from them then Cardinall Ximenes being ill disposed of his person in the conuent of Aguilera this Post-master thought it indifferent to giue the packet to Cardinall Adrian or to him the which he did Adrian whether through curiositie or otherwise opened it finding letters directed to the Infant hee gaue him them without any further apprehension Secrets of Cardinall Ximenes discouered who by this meanes vnderstood what was ordained of him and of his seruants of the change of his house whereof hee did presently aduertise them before the Cardinal had seen the kings letters wherwith they being wonderfully disconteÌ„ted and seeing no other remedy they implored the Infants aide which was of no great moment beseeching him to remember their fidelity and good seruices letting him vnderstand that all this was done to debase him and keep him vnder at the Cardinals pleasure who had procured and practised this alteration The Infant beeing persuaded by his Masters came the next day in great choler to the Conuent of Aguilera hauing in his companye the Bishoppe OOsorio for D. Pero Nugnes was sick doctor Adrian by reason of the error which he had committed in opening the pacquet and giuing the letters to the Infant before he had imparted them to Cardinall Ximenes durst not shew himselfe Being come vnto the Cardinall he complained greatly and with teares in his eyes of the wrong he did him Intreaty of the infant D. Ferdinand to the Cardinall in seeking to depriue him without any lawfull cause of so good faithfull seruants the which he would neuer haue beleeued of him whom hee held to be his deare friend and thereupon he intreated him and coniured him by the memorie of Queene Isabell and the great aduancement hee had receiued from her not to suffer this indignity to be done vnto him to take from him so worthy a person as his gouernour so fit a Schoole-master as the bishop Osorio so many seruants which had attended him faithfully and with whome hee had beene nourished and bred vp with great content and that hee would not suffer him to receiue that displeasure to see them ignominiously and wrongfully disgraced Cardinall Ximenes inexorable The Cardinall sought by mild words to pacifie the incensed courage of this Prince laying before him the king his brothers pleasure assuring him that all those things tended to his aduancement so as hee would shew himselfe obedient and tractable As for the iniurie whereof hee complained hee intreated him to thinke it was otherwise and to beleeue that hee was a man of yeares and experience and that hee loued him dearely hee confessed that hee ought to haue a care of the honour and good of his seruants but hee must withall thinke that the king his brother was dearer vnto him And therefore hee exhorted him that leauing these passions which his seruants had bred in him he should wholy adhere to him who was the greatest king in Christendome against whose will it were neither safe nor conuenient for him to oppose himselfe and if hee did persist to complaine and to shew a discontentment for that which the king commanded to bee done hee should bee assured that hee would bring himselfe his affaires and his seruants into great danger For all this the Infant D. Ferdinand being young and incensed was not satisfied but answering the Cardinall I haue said hee tasted of your friendship in many occasion but now it failes mee at my greatest need neither doe I know which way it is fled but seeing that I find that you are resolued to ruine mee and mine whome you may ease and comfort much with a small delay I must of necessitie find meanes to defend and preserue our selues At these words the Cardinall finding himselfe toucht Do said he what you please but I sweare vnto you by the life of king Charles your brother Speech of Cardinall Ximenes to the Infant D. Ferdinand that to morrow
in these things he recreated his spirits being charged with great affairs Finally he loued learning to heare the disputations of learned men oftentimes of yong scholers This prelat being well informed of the great profit which the world might draw from the knowledge of tongs he did intertain men that were learned in them to imploy theÌ„ in matters fit for his religious profession Bible printed in many tongues to the end the studious of the holy scripture might taft the word of God froÌ„ the original springs he caused the bible to be printed in many tongs that is the book of the old testament distinguished into 3 parts whereof the first contained the Hebâ—ue text the second the coÌ„mon translation into Latin which we vse the third the Greeke of the 70 Interpretors with his translation in Latin As for the new Testament it contained the Greek text the common translation in Latin very well corrected and in the end of the volume a dictionary of Hebrew words interpreted very ample copious a worke of great labour sumptuous and stately witnessing the greatnes of this cardinalls courage who was not danted with any difficulty Herein he vsed the care learning and iudgement of Demetrius CanÌ„diot Iohn of Vergara Men imployed to peruse the Bible Anthony Nebriâ—encis Lopes of Estunâ—ga Fernand of Vailledoâ—t worthy professors in the Greek and Latin tongs Alphonso of Alcala a phisition Paul Cornel and Alphonso Zamora learned men in the Hebrew tong These men were very careful to examine the old volumes that were most correct and approued of both testaments wherein they had no small help and ease by the library of the Vatican at Rome through the bounty of Pope Leo who refused not any thing to cardinall Ximenes The Latin explication of the translation of the 70 Interpreters was the worke of Demetrius of Fernand of Vailledoliâ— and of Alphonso of Estuniga assisted by some of their disciples learned men Iohn Vergara was also inuited and called by them to take part of this charge who interpreted some of those bookes which he was wont to call Sapientiales as Ecclesiasticus the which he could not finish as he desired by reason of his indisposition for hee had an intent to make large Annotations The Bible was begun by these men in the yeare 1502 who spent 15 whole yeares with great care and toile to turne ouer infinite volumes and copies gathered together from many parts of the world with wonderful charge for proofe wherof Gometius saies that he had often heard Alphonso Zamora professor in the Hebrew tongue affirme that for 7 Hebrew copies which are kept in the Vniuersitie of Alcala of Henares were payed 4000 crownes of gold Being ended by Iohn Brocario of Alcala it was dedicated to pope Leo whereof the world hath receiued great profit Cardinall Ximenes opprest with melaÌ„choly This Cardinall hauing his mind continually attentiue to great matters was somtimes opprest with melancholy which made him to vndertake things rather through furie than councell but very seldome as the conuersion of the Moores of Granado and the enterprises of Afrike atteÌ„pted with too great affection zeale without any ground The quarrels which he had with great meÌ„ with such obstinatioÌ„ as we haue said proceeded froÌ„ the loue of Iustice A louer of iustice magnanimity vertue for he would teach them to liue according to equity The chanons of Toledo were his chiefe councellors without whose aduice he would neuer attempt any thing of importaÌ„ce Execution must be speedie after mature deliberation he would as it was fit that whatsoeuer had bin decreed after mature deliberation should be instantly put in execution he censured of mens errors not by the effect but by the intent Although in publike affaires he were impatient of al reply bold speech yet in that which concerned himselfe he often indured the liberty of another mans tong the which he shewed to Contrera the preacher who blaming him one day in his presence for that he being a frier did often weare fables other rich furres he was inuited to dine with him where he commended his preaching but he excused that which he did reprehend in him saying that men aduanced to dignity and great charges Cardinall Ximenes though a frier yet be weÌ„t richly apparelled had need of precious ornaments and rich attire as well on their persons as in their houses for that doth breed maiesty in him and causeth reuerence in subiects They write that these ornaments were vsed superficially by the Cardinal for as for his vnder habit and his sleeping he alwayes carried himselfe according to the Order of Saint Francis he daily said his prayers either alone or accompanied the doore being shut that he might not be diuerted He had great compassion of great persons vnworthily afflicted and did releeue them with mony as to D. Guâ—â—mar of Castro duchesse of Nagera being chased from her house by her husband whom he did nourish and comfort in the city of Toledo with as great honor as the duke himselfe could haue done her blaming his churlishnes the more for that he had bin made duke by king Henry the fourth in fauor of this woman with whom as we haue said he seemed to be in loue When there was any great benefice void in the church of Toledo Discretion in giuing of benefices hee gaue it either to the sonne of some prince oâ— great nobleman or to some one of the learnedest men of Spaine saying That nobility gaue fauour and learning authority to the clergie finally hee was liberall and very charitable to the poore and careful of his houshold seruants He spent a good part of his reuenues in religious buildings which preserue his memorie Buildings made at the charge of Cardinall Ximenes as at Tordelaguna where hee was borne the conuent of Franciscan friers intitled of the virgine Mary a goodly and stately worke at Toledo the conuent of Saint Iohn penitent and one of the like title at Alcala of Henares two Conuent one of Franciscans and the other of Iacobins in the city of Oâ—an but aboue all the building of the colledge of Saint Idelfonse or Alphonso 1518 in the vniuersitie of Alcala of Henares is most famous and the institution of the company which should be all Diuines This man was so seuere as he had attempted to reduce all the Orders of monkes to their ancient and first simplicitie and puritie After this prelats death D. Alphonso of Arragon archbishâ—â— of Saragosse base sonne to the deceased king D. Ferdinand came to Tordesillas to salute the king his nephew and also to get the archbishopricke of Toledo if he might but the lord of Cheures who would haue it for William of Crouy his nephew stayed his comming so as this prince was forced to go to Vailledolit there to attend the King who hauing seen him and complayning to all the noblemen of Spaine of the
of day some of the English troupes aduance hee made a stand and then retired to the body of their armie The Lord Deputy giuing the charge of the camp to Sir George Carew then L. President of Munster to attend the Spaniards within the towne hee drewe forth part of his forces beeing about foure hundred horse and a thousand and two hundred foot and hearing that the enemie retired disorderly Rebels and Spaniards defeated in Ireland hee aduanced towards them who still retired with feare In the end omitting euery particular circumstance touching the marshalling of the English armie to them that write that historie they ouertooke the rebells charged them and put them to rout The Spaniards being abandoned by the Irish were almost all slaine D. Alonso d' Ocampo their colonell with three Captaines sixe Alferez and fortie souldiers were taken prisoners There were found of Irish onely twelue hundred bodies dead vpon the place and about twelue hundred hurt whereof many died that night The rebels lost two thousand armes which were brought forth all their munition their drummes nine ensignes whereof sixe were Spanish the English had but one man slaine and not aboue tenne hurt Thus they got a miraculous victorie to the great honor of the Lord Deputie and of all that commanded vnder him After this glorious victorie the Lord Deputie posted that present day vnto the camp lest the Spaniard should haue made some sally in his absence but they had not attempted any thing the next day he commaunded the approaches vnto the towne should be aduanced nearer But after fiue or sixe daies worke D. Iohn d' Aquilar who commanded the forces within the towne offered to parle and sent a drumme with a letter sealed vp to the Lord Deputie by the which he demaunded that some men of qualitie and sufficiencie might be sent into the towne from his Lordship to conferre with him whom hee would acquaint with such conditions as hee then stood vpon whereunto the Lord Deputie condescended imploying sir William Godolphin in that busines the which was managed after this maner according to the originall D. Iohn told sir William D. Iohn d' Aquilars speech that hauing found the Lord Deputie whom hee termed Viceroy although a furious and powerfull yet an honourable enemie and the Irish not onely weake and barbarous but as he feared treacherous friends he was so farre in his affections reconciled to the one and distasted with the other as it did inuite him to make an ouerture of such a composition as might be safe and profitable for the state of England with least preiudice to the Crowne of Spaine by deliuering into the Viceroyes power the towne of Kinsale with all other places in Ireland held by the Spanish so as they might depart vpon honourable termes fit for such men of warre as are not inforced by necessitie to receiue conditions but willingly induced vpon iust respects to disingage themselues and to leaue a people by whom their king and master had bin so notoriously abused if not betrayed That if the Viceroy liked to entertaine further parley touching this point he would first be pleased to vnderstand them rightly and to make his Propositions such as might be sutable to men throughly resolued rather to bury themselues aliue and to indure a thousand deaths than to giue way to one article that should tast of basenesse or dishonor being so confident of their present strength and the royall succors of Spaine as they should make no doubt of yielding a good accompt of themselues and of their interest in this kingdome but that a just disdaine and splene conceiued against the nation dissuaded them from beeing farther ingaged for it than of necessitie they must Sir William Godolphin hauing charge from the Lord Deputie only to receiue D. Iohns propositions and demaunds hauing made this relation to his Lordship and the Councell he was sent backe by them with this answer following That although the Lord Deputie hauing lately defeated their succours Answer from the Lord Deputie to D. Iohn did so well vnderstand his owne strength and their weakenesse as it made him nothing doubt of forcing them within a short time whom hee knew to be prest with vnresistable difficulties how much soeuer they laboured to couer and conceale them yet knowing that her sacred Maiestie out of her gratious and mercifull disposition would think the glorie of her victorie blemished by a voluntary effusion and obstinate expence of bloud was content to entertaine this offer of agreement so as it might be concluded vnder such honourable Articles for her Highnesse as the aduantage she had against them gaue reason to demaund The which were the same that are set downe in the Articles of Agreement following signed by the Lord Deputie D. Iohn and others sauing that there was an Article more in them for the leauing of his treasure munition ordnaunce and the Queens naturall subiects to her disposition all which points he did peremptorily refuse Protesting that both he and all his would rather indure the last of miseries than be found guilty of so soule a treason against the honor of his prince and the reputation of his profession although hee should find himselfe vnable to subsist much more now when as hee might not onely hope to sustaine the burthen of the warre for a time but with patience and constancy in the end ouercome it That hee tooke it so ill to be misunderstood in hauing articles of that nature propounded vnto him as were they but once againe remembred in the capitulation the Viceroy should from thenceforth vse aduantage of his sword and not the benefit of his former offer adding that the Viceroy might rather thinke to haue made a good and profitable purchase for the realme of England if with the expence of two hundred thousand ducats hee had procured D. Iohn to quit his interest and sooting but in Baltemore alone speaking nothing of Kinsale Castel-hauen Beerhauen for said he suppose that all wee with the rest of our places here had perished yet would that Peninsula being strong of its owne nature bettered by our art and industrie furnished as it is with victuals munition and good store of ordnance preserue vnto the king of Spaine a safe and commodious Port for the arriuall of his fleet and bee able to maintaine it selfe against a Land armie of tenne thousand vntill Spaine being so deepely ingaged did in honour releeue them which would drawe on a more powerfull inuasion than the first being vndertaken vpon false groundes at the instance of a base and barbarous people who in discouering their weakenesse and want of power haue armed the king my master to relie vpon his owne strength being bound in honour to relieue his people which are ingaged and to cancel the memorie of our former misfortunes But this is spoken said he in case the Viceroy be able to force this town as I assure my selfe hee cannot hauing vpon mine honour