conclude_v to_o form_v themselves_o into_o a_o distinct_a commonwealth_n and_o to_o send_v some_o of_o their_o people_n as_o colony_n to_o inhabit_v other_o part_n thus_o at_o last_o they_o divide_v the_o whole_a district_n of_o ninche_n into_o seven_o principality_n or_o government_n who_o for_o a_o while_n agree_v among_o themselves_o without_o any_o grand_a disturbance_n or_o pretence_n of_o warring_n with_o each_o other_o but_o at_o length_n upon_o some_o occasion_n quarrel_n arise_v which_o break_v forth_o into_o a_o long_a war_n wherein_o the_o victor_n assume_v to_o themselves_o absolute_a principality_n turn_v their_o commonwealth_n in_o the_o year_n 1600_o after_o christ_n birth_n into_o a_o monarchy_n and_o call_v it_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ninche_n this_o ninche_n which_o be_v proper_o east-tartary_n and_o as_o yet_o very_o little_o know_v to_o those_o of_o europe_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n and_o north-east_n with_o another_o tartar_a kingdom_n call_v niulhan_n 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natural_a enmity_n to_o the_o tartar_n say_v in_o derision_n of_o they_o that_o they_o live_v in_o holes_n and_o cave_n under_o ground_n which_o be_v not_o so_o for_o they_o keep_v in_o very_o strong_a and_o well-wrought_a tent_n which_o they_o use_v in_o stead_n of_o house_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n make_v of_o silk_n or_o stuff_n and_o so_o curious_o paint_v that_o they_o shine_v in_o the_o sun_n like_o looking-glass_n and_o keep_v out_o the_o rain_n so_o that_o none_o drop_v through_o of_o these_o person_n of_o quality_n have_v several_a which_o yet_o be_v so_o contrive_v that_o they_o seem_v but_o one_o in_o some_o part_n of_o which_o the_o wife_n and_o child_n remain_v in_o other_o the_o servant_n and_o some_o be_v for_o necessary_a use_n as_o kitchen_n and_o the_o like_a they_o relate_v that_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o race_n of_o ivena_n there_o be_v a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o four_o city_n in_o this_o east-tartary_n but_o whether_o there_o be_v so_o many_o now_o i_o can_v affirm_v in_o regard_n the_o tartar_n themselves_o in_o china_n be_v not_o able_a to_o inform_v i_o all_o their_o town_n and_o place_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n movable_n which_o the_o latin_n call_v horda_fw-mi with_o which_o and_o the_o cattle_n and_o family_n they_o remove_v from_o place_n to_o place_n change_v according_a to_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n and_o pitch_v where_o the_o best_a accommodation_n be_v to_o be_v have_v the_o clothes_n of_o the_o poor_a sort_n be_v make_v of_o skin_n but_o the_o rich_a go_v clad_v in_o silk_n and_o cotton_n though_o there_o grow_v neither_o in_o the_o province_n of_o ninche_n but_o such_o among_o they_o as_o trade_n come_v and_o buy_v it_o of_o the_o chinese_n or_o exchange_v other_o commodity_n for_o it_o as_o skin_n of_o wolf_n fox_n beaver_n otter_n sable_n and_o the_o like_a the_o man_n wear_v long_a coat_n down_o to_o their_o heel_n with_o narrow_a sleeve_n and_o about_o their_o middle_n be_v a_o broad_a girdle_n with_o a_o cloth_n fasten_v to_o it_o wherewith_o they_o wipe_v their_o face_n at_o their_o side_n hang_v a_o knife_n and_o two_o little_a puâ—ses_n wherein_o they_o put_v tobacco_n which_o be_v take_v by_o they_o with_o great_a delight_n insomuch_o that_o the_o noble_a visitant_n be_v treat_v with_o the_o same_o it_o be_v bring_v they_o light_v by_o a_o servant_n of_o the_o house_n on_o the_o left_a side_n they_o wear_v a_o hanger_n or_o zable_n with_o the_o edge_n turn_v forward_o and_o the_o hilt_n behind_o insomuch_o that_o when_o they_o be_v on_o horseback_n they_o can_v draw_v their_o zable_n with_o great_a dexterity_n by_o lay_v the_o right_a hand_n behind_o over_o their_o back_n upon_o the_o hilt_n without_o hold_v fast_o or_o so_o much_o as_o touch_v the_o scabbard_n in_o the_o summertime_n for_o coolness_n they_o wear_v hat_n of_o straw_n but_o in_o winter_n cap_n which_o come_v down_o over_o their_o ear_n with_o a_o edge_n of_o fur_n about_o it_o the_o soldier_n wear_v common_o iron_n helmet_n upon_o their_o head_n differ_v very_o little_a in_o fashion_n from_o such_o as_o be_v use_v in_o europe_n only_o they_o have_v no_o fence_n for_o the_o face_n in_o stead_n of_o feather_n they_o wear_v either_o a_o horse_n main_a or_o tail_n die_v red_a their_o other_o defensive_a arm_n be_v iron_n breast-piece_n not_o make_v of_o one_o piece_n but_o of_o several_a plate_n fasten_v together_o with_o nail_n so_o that_o they_o make_v a_o hideous_a noise_n when_o they_o be_v upon_o their_o march_n but_o especial_o the_o horse_n their_o offensive_a arm_n be_v a_o bow_n arrow_n and_o hanger_n for_o gun_n or_o musket_n be_v not_o in_o use_n among_o they_o the_o horseman_n be_v general_o clad_v in_o black_a to_o make_v they_o look_v terrible_a have_v boot_n on_o make_v of_o horse-leather_n with_o thick_a sole_n but_o no_o spur_n there_o be_v among_o they_o very_o few_o foot-soldier_n for_o be_v general_o good_a horseman_n they_o turn_v all_o their_o force_n into_o cavalry_n who_o when_o they_o march_v observe_v this_o order_n first_o two_o horseman_n with_o colour_n upon_o their_o back_n next_o to_o these_o follow_v two_o other_o horseman_n with_o colour_n then_o come_v the_o commander_n in_o chief_a over_o the_o cavalry_n after_o he_o five_o other_o the_o middlemost_a whereof_o carry_v the_o emperor_n standard_n then_o march_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o troop_n in_o order_n five_o a_o breast_n the_o chineses_n have_v a_o high_a estimation_n of_o the_o tartar_n for_o strength_n because_o therein_o they_o exceed_v they_o although_o they_o fall_v far_o short_a in_o the_o same_o to_o those_o of_o europe_n they_o be_v whitish_a of_o complexion_n not_o talkative_a but_o silent_a and_o well_o compose_v breed_v up_o to_o arm_n from_o their_o cradle_n which_o make_v they_o such_o excellent_a soldier_n but_o at_o shoot_v with_o the_o bow_n at_o a_o mark_n they_o be_v
a_o high_a wall_n about_o it_o with_o three_o stately_a and_o broad_a gate_n between_o each_o of_o which_o be_v very_o large_a court_n the_o ambassador_n immediate_o cause_v the_o emperor_n present_n and_o all_o their_o own_o good_n to_o be_v bring_v into_o their_o lodging_n where_o they_o find_v all_o thing_n in_o good_a condition_n without_o the_o least_o loss_n or_o damage_n at_o night_n come_v two_o tartar_a commander_n with_o twelve_o soldier_n by_o the_o emperor_n order_n to_o guard_v the_o gate_n of_o their_o lodging_n and_o take_v care_n that_o the_o command_n of_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n may_v be_v due_o observe_v and_o the_o ambassador_n supply_v with_o all_o thing_n convenient_a the_o next_o day_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n appear_v the_o mandorin_n pinxenton_n with_o two_o other_o commander_n who_o be_v likewise_o come_v thither_o from_o canton_n as_o also_o the_o two_o agent_n of_o the_o canton_n vice-roys_n who_o have_v their_o residence_n in_o this_o court._n not_o long_o after_o come_v some_o lord_n of_o the_o imperial_a council_n attend_v with_o the_o chief_a secretary_n thouglovia_n who_o be_v a_o chinese_n by_o birth_n and_o a_o very_a civil_a person_n have_v likewise_o in_o their_o company_n two_o other_o mandorin_n call_v quanlovia_n and_o hoolovia_n the_o last_o whereof_o be_v secretary_n to_o the_o council_n though_o a_o stranger_n to_o the_o chinese_n language_n after_o they_o have_v pass_v some_o compliment_n to_o one_o another_o they_o acquaint_v the_o ambassador_n that_o they_o be_v come_v to_o bid_v they_o welcome_a in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o his_o council_n and_o to_o inquire_v after_o their_o health_n and_o the_o number_n of_o their_o follower_n the_o quality_n and_o quantity_n of_o their_o present_n and_o last_o concern_v the_o person_n and_o place_n from_o who_o and_o from_o whence_o the_o same_o be_v proper_o send_v whereupon_o the_o ambassador_n deliver_v a_o list_n to_o the_o mandorin_n consist_v of_o twenty_o four_o person_n who_o all_o of_o they_o belong_v to_o the_o embassy_n wherewith_o they_o be_v satisfy_v but_o in_o regard_n these_o commissioner_n can_v not_o well_o understand_v nor_o apprehend_v this_o form_n of_o our_o government_n because_o the_o tartar_n and_o chinese_n know_v no_o other_o than_o monarchical_a neither_o can_v they_o tell_v what_o the_o name_n of_o prince_n signify_v the_o ambassador_n have_v no_o little_a trouble_n to_o work_v they_o into_o a_o good_a opinion_n of_o our_o state_n therefore_o they_o be_v force_v to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v send_v by_o his_o highness_n concern_v who_o they_o ask_v several_a question_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n whether_o the_o ambassador_n be_v ally_v to_o their_o prince_n for_o they_o have_v a_o custom_n that_o no_o foreign_a ambassador_n be_v to_o bow_v their_o heâ—ds_n before_o the_o emperor_n throne_n unless_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v a_o kin_n to_o he_o that_o send_v they_o as_o the_o ambassador_n of_o corea_n and_o the_o liquese_n island_n who_o come_v hither_o the_o last_o year_n be_v the_o brother_n and_o kindred_n of_o those_o king_n that_o send_v they_o without_o which_o they_o will_v have_v no_o great_a credit_n and_o reputation_n with_o the_o emperor_n to_o which_o the_o ambassador_n reply_v that_o they_o be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o ally_v to_o their_o prince_n for_o beside_o that_o the_o governor_n of_o their_o country_n know_v nothing_o of_o this_o custom_n so_o likewise_o such_o person_n as_o be_v relate_v to_o their_o prince_n be_v employ_v at_o home_n in_o the_o most_o considerable_a charge_n but_o these_o gentleman_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o dignity_n and_o majesty_n of_o the_o emperor_n will_v be_v much_o lessen_v if_o he_o shall_v give_v audience_n to_o such_o as_o be_v not_o so_o relate_v to_o their_o prince_n they_o then_o ask_v the_o ambassador_n what_o office_n do_v you_o bear_v in_o the_o court_n of_o your_o prince_n how_o run_v your_o title_n in_o your_o own_o language_n how_o many_o man_n have_v you_o under_o your_o command_n and_o how_o do_v you_o live_v to_o all_o which_o question_v the_o ambassador_n return_v particular_a answer_n they_o ask_v likewise_o whether_o all_o the_o present_v they_o have_v bring_v with_o they_o come_v direct_o out_o of_o holland_n whereupon_o the_o ambassador_n tell_v they_o that_o some_o of_o those_o good_n come_v out_o of_o holland_n as_o the_o clothes_n looking-glass_n coral_n perspective-glass_n all_o manner_n of_o arm_n and_o the_o furniture_n for_o horse_n but_o the_o rest_n be_v add_v by_o the_o governor-general_n of_o batavia_n by_o order_n of_o the_o council_n for_o the_o indian_a government_n in_o holland_n hereupon_o arise_v another_o question_n namely_o what_o manner_n of_o place_n batavia_n be_v and_o what_o manner_n of_o man_n the_o governor_n the_o ambassador_n reply_v to_o this_o that_o the_o governor-general_n in_o regard_n of_o his_o command_n may_v be_v compare_v with_o the_o vice-roys_n of_o canton_n and_o in_o regard_n the_o hollander_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o any_o king_n nor_o their_o country_n a_o kingdom_n therefore_o he_o can_v not_o have_v the_o title_n of_o viceroy_n but_o only_o be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o governor-general_n as_o one_o that_o have_v the_o command_n over_o other_o place_n and_o country_n and_o as_o for_o batavia_n that_o they_o say_v be_v a_o place_n which_o for_o its_o conveniency_n be_v appoint_v for_o a_o rendezvouz_n for_o all_o ship_n which_o shall_v come_v out_o of_o holland_n and_o other_o part_n and_o consequent_o hold_v for_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o netherlands_o in_o india_n the_o ambassador_n have_v satisfy_v the_o curiosity_n of_o these_o person_n in_o give_v such_o a_o full_a answer_n to_o all_o their_o demand_n they_o take_v leave_v and_o present_v to_o each_o of_o the_o ambassador_n fifty_o toel_n of_o silver_n but_o not_o long_o after_o these_o gentleman_n one_o after_o another_o come_v again_o to_o ask_v after_o some_o particular_n the_o first_o come_v by_o order_n of_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n and_o his_o council_n to_o fetch_v the_o credential_n which_o be_v carry_v to_o he_o in_o great_a state_n be_v put_v into_o a_o large_a silver_n dish_n cover_v with_o three_o piece_n of_o scarlet_n another_o come_v to_o see_v our_o arm_n about_o which_o they_o be_v very_o inquisitive_a to_o know_v how_o and_o where_o they_o be_v make_v the_o three_o ask_v what_o manner_n of_o arm_n the_o hollander_n use_v in_o their_o war_n and_o against_o who_o they_o have_v war_v he_o ask_v likewise_o particular_o whether_o we_o have_v war_n or_o peace_n with_o the_o portuguese_n and_o with_o those_o of_o maceao_n and_o who_o country_n lie_v near_a to_o china_n the_o ambassador_n have_v full_o answer_v all_o these_o question_n they_o depart_v but_o return_v at_o least_o six_o or_o seven_o time_n and_o ask_v among_o the_o rest_n after_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o ambassador_n at_o last_o they_o ask_v pardon_n for_o the_o trouble_n they_o have_v give_v they_o say_v that_o they_o have_v do_v it_o by_o the_o emperor_n order_n who_o be_v always_o very_o inquisitive_a in_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n after_o the_o chief_a governor_n of_o this_o imperial_a city_n have_v be_v make_v acquaint_v with_o the_o report_n of_o the_o commissioner_n he_o send_v the_o next_o day_n two_o gentleman_n to_o the_o ambassador_n with_o express_a order_n that_o they_o shall_v appear_v with_o the_o present_n before_o his_o majesty_n council_n but_o it_o prove_v a_o very_a rainy_a day_n the_o ambassador_n leave_v the_o present_n may_v be_v spoil_v desire_v to_o be_v excuse_v from_o come_v till_o another_o time_n yet_o it_o will_v not_o be_v grant_v notwithstanding_o all_o their_o endeavour_n for_o though_o the_o ambassador_n go_v to_o court_v without_o the_o present_n they_o be_v not_o admit_v till_o such_o time_n as_o they_o have_v bring_v they_o for_o the_o emperor_n be_v resolve_v to_o see_v they_o that_o day_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o present_n be_v come_v they_o be_v admit_v and_o order_v to_o sit_v down_o without_o show_v any_o manner_n of_o respect_n to_o that_o great_a assembly_n the_o chief_a commander_n sit_v at_o the_o upper_a end_n of_o this_o assembly_n upon_o a_o broad_a low_a bench_n with_o his_o leg_n across_o like_o our_o tailor_n in_o europe_n next_o he_o on_o his_o right-hand_n sit_v two_o tartar_n lord_n and_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n a_o jesuit_n father_n adam_n schaliger_n a_o courtier_n in_o peking_n almost_o fifty_o year_n live_v in_o great_a honour_n and_o repute_v he_o be_v as_o he_o tell_v we_o bear_v at_o cullen_n and_o go_v shave_v and_o clothe_v after_o the_o tartar_n fashion_n a_o very_a comely_a old_a man_n with_o a_o long_a beard_n all_o the_o lord_n who_o be_v at_o this_o assembly_n sit_v one_o among_o another_o without_o any_o splendour_n
account_n or_o the_o last_o month_n of_o the_o year_n according_a to_o that_o of_o the_o tartar_n they_o ask_v moreover_o whether_o the_o netherlands_n government_n have_v last_v 1655_o year_n and_o if_o it_o begin_v at_o that_o time_n the_o ambassador_n make_v answer_v that_o holland_n from_o that_o time_n to_o this_o have_v be_v always_o inhabit_a and_o govern_v by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o people_n and_o that_o the_o number_n of_o those_o year_n only_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o the_o birth_n of_o our_o saviour_n bear_v at_o that_o time_n hereupon_o 〈◊〉_d depart_v take_v the_o credential_n with_o they_o without_o speak_v one_o word_n the_o emperor_n be_v thorough_o inform_v concern_v of_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o hollander_n send_v upon_o the_o 31._o of_o july_n a_o mandatory_a letter_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o council_n wherein_o he_o declare_v that_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n do_v admit_v of_o the_o ambassador_n as_o such_o and_o will_v give_v they_o audience_n as_o 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to_o know_v of_o the_o ambassador_n whether_o the_o hollander_n can_v not_o send_v every_o year_n to_o peking_n or_o at_o least_o every_o second_o or_o three_o year_n to_o do_v obedience_n to_o the_o emperor_n to_o this_o they_o answer_v that_o for_o the_o more_o certainty_n they_o can_v better_o make_v address_n every_o five_o year_n at_o peking_n desire_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n that_o they_o may_v come_v annual_o with_o four_o ship_n to_o canton_n to_o trade_n there_o afterward_o the_o chancellor_n summon_v the_o tartar_n and_o china_n council_n together_o to_o consider_v of_o the_o proposal_n of_o the_o hollander_n allege_v he_o be_v precedent_n that_o they_o ought_v to_o give_v they_o leave_v every_o five_o year_n to_o come_v and_o salute_v the_o emperor_n most_o of_o the_o tartar_n be_v of_o this_o opinion_n but_o the_o chineses_n seem_v outward_o willing_a to_o show_v far_o great_a favour_n to_o the_o hollander_n namely_o that_o they_o shall_v come_v but_o once_o every_o nine_o year_n to_o peking_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o vast_a distance_n from_o batavia_n to_o the_o imperial_a city_n but_o herein_o they_o think_v to_o have_v out-witted_n the_o tartar_n for_o they_o understand_v that_o the_o hollander_n be_v not_o to_o be_v permit_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o trade_n at_o canton_n they_o propose_v also_o to_o the_o assembly_n whether_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o hollander_n the_o english_a may_v not_o likewise_o appear_v who_o about_o thirty_o year_n since_o come_v with_o four_o ship_n into_o the_o harbour_n of_o heytamon_n where_o they_o take_v away_o four_o vessel_n lade_v with_o salt_n the_o mandorin_n prisoner_n and_o shoot_v down_o a_o fort_n commit_v several_a other_o violence_n for_o which_o from_o that_o time_n they_o be_v hold_v and_o declare_v enemy_n of_o the_o empire_n therefore_o they_o shall_v be_v satisfy_v of_o the_o integrity_n of_o the_o hollander_n before_o they_o be_v permit_v to_o trade_n in_o china_n for_o bâ—â—â—de_v that_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n to_o let_v they_o have_v a_o free_a trade_n in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n it_o do_v not_o appear_v by_o their_o credential_n that_o any_o such_o thing_n be_v desire_v so_o that_o they_o conclude_v they_o have_v exceed_v their_o order_n the_o ambassador_n be_v not_o a_o little_a surprise_v at_o these_o proceed_n of_o the_o council_n for_o they_o understand_v no_o otherwise_o but_o that_o the_o emperor_n have_v according_a to_o the_o content_n of_o the_o second_o mandatory_a letter_n former_o procure_v by_o the_o viceroy_n of_o canton_n full_o agree_v to_o the_o request_n of_o the_o hollander_n concern_v a_o free_a trade_n in_o canton_n and_o that_o they_o be_v only_o thereupon_o to_o go_v and_o return_v their_o thanks_o to_o his_o majesty_n at_o peking_n the_o ambassador_n be_v well_o enough_o inform_v of_o the_o design_n and_o practice_n of_o father_n adam_n and_o some_o other_o jesuit_n who_o have_v live_v there_o for_o some_o year_n and_o have_v be_v bribe_v underhand_o by_o the_o portuguese_n to_o oppose_v the_o hollander_n in_o this_o their_o design_n of_o free_a commerce_n in_o china_n therefore_o they_o endeavour_v to_o persuade_v the_o tartar_n that_o the_o hollander_n under_o colour_n and_o pretence_n of_o merchandize_v design_v nothing_o less_o than_o to_o get_v foot_v in_o their_o country_n and_o then_o to_o make_v use_n of_o all_o opportunity_n to_o plunder_n and_o carry_v away_o whatsoever_o be_v portable_a the_o ambassador_n be_v also_o inform_v that_o these_o jesuit_n have_v likewise_o persuade_v the_o council_n that_o maccao_n will_v be_v utter_o ruin_v and_o impoverish_v by_o such_o a_o trade_n and_o withal_o that_o they_o have_v tell_v the_o tartar_n to_o make_v they_o the_o more_o averse_a to_o the_o hollander_n that_o they_o be_v a_o people_n make_v up_o of_o several_a nation_n without_o any_o habitation_n and_o only_o subsist_v upon_o what_o they_o get_v by_o piracy_n at_o sea_n but_o that_o which_o most_o of_o all_o surprise_v the_o ambassador_n be_v to_o find_v themselves_o deceive_v of_o their_o money_n by_o the_o canton_n vice-roys_n unto_o who_o they_o have_v pay_v thirty_o five_o hundred_o toel_n of_o silver_n which_o sum_n the_o vice-roys_n promise_v to_o pay_v the_o chancellor_n and_o some_o other_o of_o his_o majesty_n council_n to_o procure_v their_o favour_n and_o assistance_n for_o a_o dispatch_n of_o their_o business_n now_o perceive_v that_o they_o be_v trepan_v by_o the_o vice-roys_n they_o be_v force_v to_o consider_v of_o some_o other_o way_n to_o obtain_v their_o purpose_n wherefore_o they_o first_o think_v good_a to_o propose_v to_o the_o council_n the_o point_n of_o come_v to_o trade_n yearly_o at_o canton_n and_o to_o endeavour_v to_o effect_v the_o same_o afterward_o the_o ambassador_n send_v the_o mandorin_n of_o the_o old_a canton_n viceroy_n to_o the_o prime_a chancellor_n to_o enctreat_v he_o to_o stay_v so_o long_o in_o peking_n till_o his_o majesty_n shall_v be_v full_o assure_v that_o they_o be_v hollander_n and_o no_o other_o they_o likewise_o desire_v of_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o council_n that_o they_o will_v favour_v they_o with_o some_o token_n or_o emblem_n cut_v in_o brass_n to_o seal_v therewith_o all_o the_o passport_n of_o their_o ship_n which_o shall_v distinguish_v they_o from_o any_o other_o nation_n and_o empower_v they_o either_o to_o pass_v by_o or_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n upon_o their_o coast._n at_o last_o they_o propose_v to_o the_o council_n that_o they_o will_v be_v please_v to_o admit_v of_o the_o hollander_n to_o live_v converse_v and_o trade_n in_o china_n as_o their_o own_o subject_n pay_v the_o usual_a duty_n and_o imposition_n as_o have_v be_v former_o grant_v to_o those_o of_o lieugiow_n amiam_fw-la and_o siam_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a chinese_n law_n add_v far_o that_o if_o they_o may_v be_v admit_v to_o
other_o of_o the_o court_n in_o very_o rich_a habit_n to_o our_o lodging_n about_o two_o a_o clock_n in_o the_o afternoon_n with_o lantern_n to_o conduct_v the_o ambassador_n who_o be_v only_o attend_v by_o six_o of_o their_o follower_n the_o rest_n be_v order_v to_o stay_v at_o home_n when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o court_n they_o be_v first_o conduct_v through_o the_o outward_a gate_n and_o afterward_o over_o a_o quadrangle_n with_o a_o well-built_a gate_n and_o place_v upon_o the_o second_o plain_n of_o the_o court_n where_o we_o sit_v all_o night_n in_o the_o open_a air_n upon_o the_o bare_a stone_n till_o morning_n when_o his_o majesty_n be_v to_o appear_v upon_o his_o throne_n we_o be_v no_o soon_o seat_v but_o the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n accompany_v with_o five_o person_n of_o honour_n and_o about_o twenty_o servant_n come_v and_o place_v himself_o next_o to_o our_o ambassador_n as_o do_v also_o the_o ambassador_n of_o lammas_n and_o suytadsen_n next_o to_o who_o also_o sit_v several_a great_a lord_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o because_o we_o be_v to_o continue_v in_o this_o posture_n all_o night_n in_o expectation_n of_o his_o majesty_n appearance_n in_o the_o morning_n early_o upon_o his_o throne_n i_o shall_v defer_v a_o while_n acquaint_v the_o reader_n with_o what_o pass_v upon_o that_o most_o glorious_a day_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n give_v you_o a_o description_n of_o the_o foreign_a ambassador_n who_o be_v also_o with_o we_o in_o this_o emperor_n court._n the_o ambassador_n of_o suytadsen_n who_o may_v be_v proper_o call_v south-tartar_n deserve_v here_o the_o first_o and_o chief_a place_n be_v he_o be_v most_o in_o esteem_n in_o this_o court_n and_o prefer_v before_o the_o rest_n i_o can_v not_o certain_o learn_v his_o business_n but_o only_o as_o they_o tell_v i_o by_o guess_n that_o the_o king_n of_o suytadsen_n send_v he_o with_o present_n to_o the_o great_a cham_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o their_o country_n the_o frontier_n people_n and_o borderer_n use_v to_o pay_v such_o homage_n to_o this_o their_o grand_a lord_n the_o mogul_n ambassador_n of_o who_o business_n and_o request_n we_o have_v already_o make_v mention_n have_v a_o very_a rich_a blue_a silk_n coat_n on_o so_o rich_o embroider_v that_o it_o look_v like_o massy_a beat_a gold_n which_o hang_v down_o almost_o to_o his_o knee_n be_v gird_v about_o his_o waste_n with_o a_o silk_n girdle_n with_o great_a rich_a tassel_n at_o both_o end_n he_o wear_v neat_a buskin_n of_o turkey_n leather_n and_o a_o large_a turban_n of_o several_a colour_n the_o empire_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n who_o have_v send_v this_o ambassador_n to_o the_o great_a cham_n comprehend_v proper_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o east-india_n or_o the_o country_n situate_v between_o mount_n caucasus_n now_o call_v delauguer_n and_o the_o sea_n beetweeâ—_n the_o river_n ganges_n and_o indus_n this_o empire_n call_v mogol_n have_v its_o name_n from_o the_o tartar_a king_n who_o former_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o it_o and_o be_v divide_v into_o several_a kingdom_n though_o some_o of_o they_o belong_v to_o other_o prince_n the_o chief_a kingdom_n over_o which_o the_o great_a mogul_n proper_o command_v be_v cambaya_n dely_n sanque_fw-la mandro_n and_o bengala_n this_o great_a prince_n common_o keep_v his_o court_n in_o the_o city_n of_o dely._n all_o the_o country_n over_o which_o the_o great_a mogul_n command_v be_v very_o fruitful_a in_o the_o product_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o cattle_n and_o fruit_n as_o rice_n corn_n wax_n silk_n sugar_n and_o cotton_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o spice_n which_o be_v bring_v from_o thence_o in_o great_a abundance_n upon_o the_o mountain_n be_v find_v the_o onyx_n stone_n diamond_n and_o other_o precious_a gem_n it_o be_v hold_v for_o certain_a that_o this_o great_a mogul_n can_v bring_v into_o the_o field_n in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n three_o hundred_o thousand_o fight_a man_n and_o five_o thousand_o elephant_n most_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v mahumetan_n and_o other_o idolater_n in_o those_o part_n there_o be_v also_o abundance_n of_o jew_n who_o drive_v a_o subtle_a trade_n among_o they_o and_o some_o abyssine_n christian_n allure_v thither_o by_o a_o profitable_a commerce_n the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o lammas_n be_v clothe_v in_o yellow_a his_o hat_n much_o like_o a_o cardinal_n with_o broad_a brim_n at_o his_o side_n hang_v a_o crucifix_n which_o these_o churchman_n common_o carry_v about_o with_o they_o by_o which_o they_o say_v their_o devotion_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o roman_a catholic_n those_o of_o lammas_n be_v a_o sort_n of_o religious_a people_n who_o have_v live_v a_o long_a time_n in_o china_n but_o the_o last_o emperor_n of_o china_n before_o the_o tartar_n conquer_v it_o have_v banish_v they_o his_o country_n from_o whence_o they_o go_v and_o settle_v themselves_o in_o tartary_n where_o they_o have_v the_o free_a exercise_n of_o their_o religion_n now_o these_o banish_a people_n have_v send_v this_o ambassador_n to_o the_o great_a cham_n with_o request_n that_o they_o may_v have_v leave_n to_o return_v and_o exercise_v their_o devotion_n as_o former_o what_o success_n he_o have_v in_o his_o business_n i_o can_v not_o learn_v but_o his_o reception_n at_o the_o emperor_n court_n be_v very_o friendly_a and_o civil_a now_o i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o relate_v what_o pass_v during_o our_o stay_n in_o the_o emperor_n palace_n at_o the_o ourt-gate_n in_o which_o we_o sit_v expect_v the_o dawn_n we_o see_v first_o three_o black_a elephant_n gallant_o adorn_v after_o the_o chinese_n manner_n stand_v there_o for_o the_o great_a state_n as_o sentinel_n they_o have_v well_o gird_v upon_o their_o back_n gild_v tower_n artificial_o build_v and_o beautify_v with_o carve_v work_n and_o figure_n the_o concourse_n of_o people_n be_v here_o so_o great_a as_o if_o the_o whole_a city_n have_v be_v throng_v together_o in_o this_o one_o place_n the_o gate_n be_v also_o keep_v with_o a_o incredible_a number_n of_o the_o emperor_n lifeguard_n all_o of_o they_o in_o very_o rich_a habit_n after_o the_o tartar_n fashion_n by_o daybreak_n all_o the_o grandee_n who_o likewise_o repair_v thither_o over_o night_n come_v gaze_v and_o look_v upon_o we_o with_o great_a admiration_n as_o if_o we_o have_v be_v some_o strange_a africa_a monster_n but_o they_o demean_v themselves_o very_o civil_o without_o give_v we_o the_o least_o affront_n about_o a_o hour_n after_o a_o sign_n be_v give_v at_o which_o all_o start_v up_o on_o the_o sudden_a as_o if_o there_o have_v be_v a_o alarm_n when_o the_o two_o tartar_n lord_n who_o usual_o be_v send_v to_o the_o ambassador_n come_v and_o conduct_v they_o with_o their_o follower_n through_o another_o gate_n into_o a_o second_o court-yard_n guard_v round_o with_o tartar_n soldier_n and_o courtier_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o a_o three_o court_n which_o be_v the_o innermost_a where_o the_o house_n of_o the_o emperor_n throne_n stand_v and_o the_o lodging_n for_o the_o great_a cham_n his_o wife_n and_o child_n this_o court_n which_o contain_v four_o hundred_o pace_n in_o the_o square_a be_v line_v on_o all_o side_n with_o a_o strong_a guard_n all_o of_o they_o in_o rich_a coat_n of_o crimson-coloured_a satin_n on_o either_o side_n of_o the_o throne_n stand_v a_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o soldier_n each_z whereof_o bear_v a_o several_a flag_n and_o likewise_o wear_v colour_v habit_n suitable_a to_o his_o ensign_n only_o they_o have_v all_o black_a hat_n with_o yellow_a feather_n next_o to_o the_o emperor_n throne_n stand_v twenty_o two_o gentleman_n each_o with_o a_o rich_a yellow_a screen_n or_o umbrello_n in_o his_o hand_n resemble_v the_o sun_n next_o to_o these_o stand_v ten_o other_o person_n each_o hold_v a_o gilt_n radiant_a circle_n in_o his_o hand_n resemble_v the_o sun_n next_o to_o these_o stand_v six_o other_o with_o circle_n imitate_v the_o moon_n at_o the_o full_a after_o these_o be_v stand_v sixteen_o other_o person_n with_o half-pike_n or_o pole_n in_o their_o hand_n hang_v full_a of_o silk_n tassel_n of_o several_a colour_n near_o to_o these_o stand_v thirty_o six_o more_o each_o hold_v a_o standard_n curious_o adorn_v with_o dragon_n the_o emperor_n coat_n of_o arm_n and_o other_o such_o monster_n after_o the_o chinese_n fashion_n in_o this_o manner_n be_v both_o side_n of_o the_o emperor_n throne_n guard_v and_o adorn_v beside_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o courtier_n all_o of_o they_o in_o very_o rich_a habit_n of_o one_o colour_n and_o silk_n as_o if_o a_o livery_n which_o add_v very_o much_o to_o to_o the_o splendour_n of_o the_o place_n before_o the_o step_v lead_v to_o the_o emperor_n throne_n stand_v on_o each_o side_n six_o snow-white_a horse_n most_o curious_o adorn_v with_o rich_a embroider_v trappings_o and_o bridle_v beset_v with_o pearl_n ruby_n and_o other_o precious_a
china_n dish_v for_o the_o table_n according_a to_o their_o manner_n but_o the_o ambassador_n to_o hint_n to_o they_o how_o they_o fare_v in_o holland_n bespeak_v several_a other_o dish_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n but_o we_o receive_v after_o we_o have_v be_v before_o the_o emperor_n a_o double_a allowance_n which_o be_v seldom_o do_v to_o any_o other_o foreign_a addressor_n in_o the_o first_o place_n you_o must_v know_v that_o the_o province_n wherein_o this_o chief_a imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n be_v situate_a as_o also_o the_o city_n itself_o have_v be_v call_v in_o several_a time_n by_o several_a name_n in_o regard_n it_o be_v a_o ancient_a custom_n among_o the_o chinese_n as_o have_v be_v already_o say_v that_o when_o the_o race_n which_o command_v and_o rule_n over_o they_o happen_v to_o be_v alter_v common_o also_o then_o the_o chief_a city_n nay_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n change_n and_o alter_v their_o name_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o race_n of_o chiva_n this_o province_n and_o chief_a city_n be_v call_v jeu_o under_o the_o race_n of_o cina_n it_o be_v call_v xangho_n when_o the_o race_n of_o hana_n reign_v it_o be_v call_v quangyang_n and_o under_o the_o race_n of_o ciin_n eanyang_n but_o the_o race_n of_o taiminga_n which_o drive_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o china_n name_v it_o peking_n and_o xuntien_n by_o both_o which_o they_o now_o call_v it_o the_o city_n be_v call_v peking_n which_o signify_v the_o northern_a chief_a city_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o nank_v which_o we_o interpret_v the_o southern_a city_n but_o the_o other_o name_n xuntien_n whereby_o it_o be_v so_o common_o call_v by_o the_o chinese_n geographer_n signify_v obedient_a to_o heaven_n it_o be_v call_v by_o the_o tartar_n cambalu_n that_o be_v the_o city_n of_o the_o lord_n it_o lie_v in_o 40_o degree_n northern_a latitude_n almost_o upon_o the_o outward_a northern_a limit_n of_o this_o province_n and_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n not_o far_o from_o those_o high_a mountain_n and_o that_o great_a and_o famous_a wall_n which_o separate_v the_o tartar_n and_o chinese_n in_o the_o north_n from_o each_o other_o it_o exceed_v the_o southern_a chief_a city_n of_o nank_v in_o number_n of_o inhabitant_n soldier_n and_o magistrate_n but_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n be_v not_o to_o be_v compare_v with_o nank_v for_o largeness_n regular_a street_n and_o fortification_n it_o be_v southside_n lie_v vest_v with_o two_o high_a and_o thick_a wall_n which_o be_v so_o broad_a that_o twelve_o horse_n may_v go_v abrest_n upon_o they_o without_o any_o hindrance_n to_o one_o another_o the_o inner_a wall_n which_o extend_v about_o ten_o mile_n in_o circuit_n be_v so_o thick_o set_v with_o bulwark_n that_o one_o may_v easy_o fling_v a_o stone_n from_o tower_n to_o tower_n this_o wall_n be_v all_o of_o stone_n and_o so_o very_o high_a that_o i_o believe_v the_o like_a be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v again_o in_o all_o europe_n the_o outward_a wall_n within_o which_o the_o suhurb_n lie_v environ_v have_v very_o slight_a fortification_n only_o on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o gate_n be_v three_o strong_a outwork_n in_o these_o redoubt_n and_o tower_n the_o soldier_n by_o night_n keep_v strict_a court_n of_o guard_n as_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v at_o the_o gate_n the_o chinese_n emperor_n taicungus_n who_o reign_v over_o china_n in_o the_o year_n 1404._o do_v very_o much_o embellish_v this_o city_n and_o bestow_v several_a privilege_n upon_o it_o among_o the_o emperor_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o race_n of_o taiminga_n this_o taicungus_n be_v the_o first_o that_o leave_v the_o city_n of_o nank_v and_o settle_v his_o imperial_a court_n and_o residence_n in_o this_o chief_a city_n of_o peking_n the_o better_a to_o hinder_v and_o resist_v the_o inroad_n and_o excursion_n of_o the_o tartar_n drive_v out_o of_o the_o neighbour_a country_n by_o his_o grandfather_n the_o city_n have_v twelve_o gate_n all_o rarity_n in_o china_n be_v bring_v hither_o so_o that_o this_o city_n abound_v in_o every_o thing_n fit_a either_o for_o pleasure_n or_o humane_a sustenance_n several_a thousand_o royal_a vessel_n beside_o those_o of_o private_a person_n be_v continual_o employ_v to_o fetch_v all_o manner_n of_o ware_n and_o curiosity_n for_o the_o emperor_n and_o his_o council_n at_o peking_n hither_o come_v all_o the_o revenue_n which_o each_o province_n of_o the_o kingdom_n pay_v yearly_a to_o the_o emperor_n exchequer_n and_o the_o better_a to_o effect_v this_o for_o the_o import_v of_o all_o ware_n to_o peking_n the_o chineses_n use_v great_a endeavour_n to_o make_v all_o river_n navigable_a that_o so_o they_o may_v come_v with_o ease_n by_o water_n to_o the_o emperor_n court_n with_o the_o product_n of_o several_a province_n just_o may_v a_o man_n admire_v at_o the_o workmanship_n of_o the_o chinese_n which_o partly_o by_o art_n and_o partly_o by_o nature_n be_v so_o bring_v to_o pass_v that_o you_o may_v come_v to_o this_o city_n hundred_o of_o mile_n by_o ship_n from_o most_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o this_o importation_n this_o place_n though_o in_o a_o unfruitful_a and_o barren_a soil_n possess_v every_o thing_n in_o great_a abundance_n and_o may_v be_v call_v the_o granary_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n for_o they_o have_v a_o proverb_n among_o they_o that_o there_o grow_v nothing_o in_o peking_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o want_n of_o any_o thing_n all_o commander_n and_o officer_n as_o well_o civil_a as_o military_a who_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o be_v prefer_v must_v betake_v themselves_o to_o this_o city_n which_o prescribe_v law_n to_o all_o other_o and_o upon_o this_o place_n alone_o depend_v the_o whole_a government_n of_o china_n so_o that_o a_o very_a great_a number_n of_o learned_a man_n and_o officer_n be_v always_o resident_a here_o the_o street_n be_v not_o pave_v insomuch_o that_o in_o wet_a weather_n which_o be_v seldom_o they_o be_v hardly_o passable_a but_o when_o the_o northern_a wind_n blow_v and_o the_o wether_n be_v dry_a the_o soil_n which_o be_v of_o a_o light_a substance_n make_v a_o dust_n far_o more_o noisome_a to_o passenger_n than_o the_o deep_a and_o miry_a street_n for_o such_o it_o be_v that_o it_o blind_v a_o man_n as_o he_o go_v along_o the_o inhabitant_n therefore_o to_o prevent_v this_o inconvenience_n be_v fain_o to_o wear_v silk_n hood_n over_o their_o face_n and_o the_o extraordinary_a foulness_n of_o the_o way_n make_v very_o many_o to_o keep_v horse_n to_o carry_v they_o after_o a_o rainy_a day_n for_o the_o infinite_a number_n of_o common_a people_n that_o be_v continual_o up_o and_o down_o turn_v this_o dusty_a soil_n into_o mire_n and_o dirt_n after_o a_o little_a rain_n there_o be_v also_o horse_n or_o sedan_n to_o be_v hire_v at_o any_o time_n for_o the_o accommodation_n of_o passenger_n but_o none_o make_v use_v of_o sedan_n or_o chair_n but_o person_n of_o quality_n in_o which_o they_o be_v carry_v in_o great_a state_n these_o sedan_n be_v make_v very_o artificial_o of_o bamboes_n or_o rush_n in_o the_o middle_n whereof_o stand_v a_o chair_n which_o be_v cover_v with_o a_o tiger_n skin_n upon_o which_o he_o that_o be_v carry_v seat_n himself_o have_v behind_o he_o a_o boy_n with_o a_o umbril_n in_o his_o hand_n to_o keep_v off_o the_o sun_n his_o servant_n likewise_o attend_v he_o some_o of_o they_o go_v before_o and_o other_o follow_v after_o with_o ensign_n upon_o their_o shoulder_n whereby_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n be_v know_v and_o he_o respect_v according_o as_o he_o pass_v along_o the_o city_n abound_v in_o extraordinary_a brave_a building_n famous_a idol-temple_n high_a and_o artificial_a tower_n and_o triumphal_a arch_n which_o exceed_o adorn_v the_o same_o but_o we_o have_v not_o so_o full_a a_o view_n thereof_o as_o we_o can_v have_v wish_v in_o regard_n we_o be_v little_o better_a as_o have_v be_v already_o say_v than_o confine_v to_o our_o lodging_n by_o order_n of_o the_o emperor_n marcus_n paulus_n a_o venetian_a who_o be_v in_o this_o city_n in_o the_o year_n 1275._o when_o the_o tartar_n conquer_v the_o southern_a province_n of_o china_n call_v the_o same_o in_o his_o write_n by_o the_o name_n of_o cambalu_n which_o he_o describe_v in_o this_o manner_n the_o city_n cambalu_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o province_n of_o cathai_n upon_o a_o great_a river_n and_o signify_v the_o city_n of_o the_o lord_n have_v be_v very_o famous_a in_o all_o age_n the_o great_a cham_n do_v transfer_v this_o city_n to_o another_o part_n of_o the_o river_n for_o the_o astrologer_n have_v foretell_v he_o that_o it_o shall_v rise_v up_o against_o he_o it_o lie_v foursquare_a and_o be_v twenty_o four_o mile_n in_o circumference_n so_o that_o each_o side_n be_v six_o mile_n long_o the_o wall_n be_v of_o white_a stone_n high_a and_o broad_a each_o side_n of_o the_o wall_n have_v three_o
die_v and_o his_o elder_a son_n take_v it_o ill_o thas_o yuus_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o he_o in_o regard_n he_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o the_o sceptre_n do_v by_o hereditary_a right_n belong_v unto_o he_o he_o endeavour_v to_o seat_v himself_o in_o the_o imperial_a throne_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n but_o what_o stratagem_n policy_n or_o force_v soever_o he_o use_v all_o prove_v vain_a â—or_a he_o can_v not_o prevail_v the_o generality_n of_o the_o people_n adhere_v cordial_o to_o yuus_n in_o regard_n they_o judge_v he_o most_o deserve_v of_o the_o crown_n which_o according_o be_v settle_v upon_o he_o though_o not_o without_o some_o trouble_n this_o yuus_n be_v the_o founder_n of_o the_o first_o chinese_n imperial_a race_n which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v style_v hiaa_n and_o the_o last_o of_o the_o elect_a emperor_n for_o when_o the_o royal_a chair_n after_o his_o death_n become_v void_a his_o son_n be_v unanimous_o admit_v to_o succeed_v he_o and_o from_o that_o time_n the_o manner_n and_o custom_n of_o election_n be_v change_v into_o a_o hereditary_a succession_n from_o father_n to_o son_n this_o royal_a race_n or_o family_n which_o have_v its_o beginning_n in_o the_o beforementioned_a yuus_n in_o the_o year_n 2207_o before_o christ_n birth_n sway_v the_o imperial_a sceptre_n four_o hundred_o forty_o one_o year_n in_o a_o continue_a line_n of_o seventeen_o emperor_n who_o succeed_v each_o other_o in_o the_o government_n of_o china_n this_o race_n be_v extinct_a for_o want_v of_o issue_n arise_v the_o family_n of_o xanga_n whereof_o the_o emperor_n tangus_n in_o the_o year_n 1766_o before_o christ_n birth_n be_v the_o first_o who_o call_v it_o xanga_n from_o a_o lordship_n of_o the_o same_o name_n he_o possess_v this_o family_n produce_v twenty_o eight_o emperor_n who_o sit_v upon_o the_o throne_n successive_o for_o six_o hundred_o year_n and_o upward_o to_o the_o year_n 1122_o before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ._n this_o line_n be_v extinct_a in_o 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direct_a line_n hold_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n till_o the_o year_n 264_o after_o christ_n birth_n this_o family_n be_v bring_v under_o the_o six_o race_n call_v cyna_n step_v into_o the_o throne_n and_o govern_v till_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 419._o within_o which_o compass_n of_o time_n there_o be_v no_o less_o than_o five_o king_n at_o once_o who_o be_v all_o call_v utai_n and_o wage_v very_o cruel_a war_n one_o against_o another_o for_o above_o four_o hundred_o year_n at_o last_o have_v miserable_o worry_v and_o weaken_v each_o other_o they_o be_v all_o subdue_v by_o the_o seven_o race_n call_v tanga_n which_o seize_v upon_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o reign_v with_o his_o posterity_n till_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 618._o no_o soon_o be_v this_o race_n of_o tanga_n at_o a_o end_n but_o the_o eight_o call_v sunga_n succeed_v in_o which_o the_o government_n continue_v till_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1278._o when_o the_o tartar_n after_o a_o long_a and_o tedious_a destructive_a war_n with_o this_o family_n â—unga_fw-mi for_o seventy_o three_o year_n conquer_v the_o whole_a empire_n extirpate_v the_o whole_a family_n and_o set_v up_o a_o new_a one_o call_v ivena_n which_o reign_v over_o the_o chinese_n till_o the_o year_n 1368._o but_o in_o the_o same_o year_n appear_v a_o priest_n call_v chu_n who_o with_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o countryman_n expel_v the_o tartar_n and_o settle_a himself_o in_o the_o throne_n assume_v the_o name_n and_o style_n of_o hunguvus_n which_o signify_v the_o warlike_a soldier_n from_o who_o spring_v the_o race_n of_o taicinga_n which_o hold_v the_o crown_n two_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o year_n but_o at_o last_o be_v bring_v under_o and_o whole_o root_v out_o in_o the_o year_n 1644_o by_o the_o tartar_n who_o once_o more_o conquer_v and_o overran_a the_o whole_a empire_n and_o erect_v a_o new_a generation_n of_o royal_a blood_n call_v taicinga_n under_o its_o first_o founder_n xunchius_n who_o be_v bear_v great_a cham_n of_o tartary_n and_o thus_o have_v lead_v you_o as_o it_o be_v by_o the_o hand_n to_o the_o tartar_n government_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o show_v you_o as_o brief_o as_o the_o subject_n will_v bear_v as_o well_o the_o cause_n as_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o terrible_a devastation_n which_o not_o only_o extirpate_v the_o same_o family_n but_o bring_v the_o whole_a country_n to_o the_o slavish_a subjection_n of_o their_o uncivilise_v barbarism_n the_o tartar_n who_o for_o antiquity_n go_v beyond_o all_o other_o people_n in_o asia_n and_o from_o who_o many_o and_o several_a nation_n be_v spring_v do_v in_o the_o year_n 2158_o before_o christ_n birth_n make_v very_o bloody_a war_n against_o the_o chinese_n wherein_o they_o be_v sometime_o conqueror_n possess_v the_o land_n and_o at_o other_o time_n conquer_v and_o drive_v out_o again_o now_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o under_o the_o name_n of_o tartar_n i_o understand_v here_o those_o people_n that_o have_v their_o habitation_n on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o that_o most_o renown_a and_o famous_a wall_n in_o former_a time_n build_v against_o the_o invasion_n of_o those_o barbarian_n and_o reach_v from_o east_n to_o west_n three_o hundred_o dutch_a mile_n in_o length_n for_o what_o cause_n or_o reason_n these_o people_n have_v bear_v for_o so_o many_o age_n so_o much_o malice_n and_o hatred_n to_o one_o another_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o bloody_a war_n they_o have_v make_v the_o chinese_n history_n make_v no_o mention_n but_o other_o who_o will_v seem_v to_o be_v curious_a and_o understand_a inspector_n therein_o ascribe_v it_o to_o the_o difference_n of_o custom_n and_o manner_n of_o these_o two_o nation_n for_o as_o parity_n of_o manner_n be_v a_o conceal_a beginning_n and_o introduction_n of_o friendship_n so_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n a_o difference_n therein_o be_v the_o original_n and_o true_a occasion_n of_o enmity_n now_o how_o much_o the_o tartar_n and_o chinese_n differ_v in_o their_o custom_n and_o manner_n will_v easy_o be_v make_v appear_v by_o the_o daily_a employment_n and_o action_n each_o of_o they_o affect_v from_o the_o cradle_n the_o chinese_n be_v of_o a_o affable_a and_o peaceable_a disposition_n addict_v to_o husbandry_n and_o love_v all_o good_a art_n and_o science_n but_o the_o tartar_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n delight_n in_o nothing_o so_o much_o as_o hunt_v be_v very_o cunning_a and_o deceitful_a lust_a after_o war_n and_o of_o a_o very_a loose_a and_o uncivil_a comportment_n it_o be_v true_a both_o endeavour_n to_o shun_v idleness_n but_o with_o intention_n very_o incoherent_a the_o one_o to_o live_v temperate_o and_o honest_o but_o the_o other_o only_o to_o range_v abroad_o in_o a_o wild_a and_o beastial_a barbarism_n it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o tartar_n and_o chinese_n have_v wage_v war_n one_o against_o another_o for_o many_o age_n yet_o i_o dare_v be_v bold_a to_o say_v we_o read_v of_o none_o so_o terrible_a as_o those_o in_o this_o our_o age_n for_o thereby_o the_o tartar_n have_v not_o only_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o all_o the_o say_a empire_n but_o extirpated_a the_o last_o royal_a line_n that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o vestigium_fw-la or_o trace_v leave_v of_o they_o in_o be_v in_o short_a that_o the_o occasion_n of_o this_o last_o war_n may_v be_v the_o more_o full_o and_o clear_o understand_v i_o shall_v relate_v unto_o you_o the_o two_o first_o conquest_n of_o china_n by_o way_n of_o proemium_fw-la you_o must_v first_o then_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o people_n of_o west-tartary_n after_o they_o have_v bring_v under_o their_o power_n almost_o all_o asia_n which_o be_v the_o fruitfull_a part_n of_o the_o inhabit_a world_n fall_v upon_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n about_o the_o year_n 1206_o before_o christ_n birth_n which_o be_v continue_v as_o be_v
against_o he_o with_o so_o great_a a_o army_n and_o that_o himself_o be_v in_o no_o condition_n to_o oppose_v they_o relinquish_v the_o trust_n which_o he_o have_v thus_o long_o keep_v receive_v the_o new_a honour_n and_o acknowledge_v the_o tartar_n for_o lawful_a emperor_n of_o china_n in_o this_o manner_n be_v he_o who_o not_o long_o before_o for_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o chineses_n be_v send_v with_o a_o army_n to_o subdue_v the_o rebel_n now_o bring_v over_o to_o fight_v against_o his_o own_o countryman_n and_o with_o the_o tartar_n help_v conquer_v the_o empire_n and_o at_o last_o with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o tartar_n have_v quite_o vanquish_v the_o robber_n in_o xensi_fw-la in_o a_o pitch_a battle_n go_v and_o settle_v his_o court_n in_o the_o city_n of_o sigan_n and_o thus_o do_v the_o tartar_n prefer_v this_o lord_n to_o great_a honour_n and_o dignity_n who_o have_v so_o often_o fight_v against_o they_o with_o great_a success_n but_o trust_v he_o not_o with_o any_o military_a employment_n as_o well_o know_v what_o such_o a_o expert_a and_o valiant_a commander_n well_o guard_v with_o soldier_n who_o love_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n he_o will_v purchase_v be_v able_a to_o do_v in_o case_n fortune_n shall_v afterward_o become_v froward_a and_o begin_v to_o frown_v upon_o they_o what_o become_v of_o licungzus_n be_v not_o certain_o know_v for_o his_o force_n be_v most_o of_o they_o kill_v upon_o the_o place_n by_o usanguejus_n and_o therefore_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o he_o fall_v into_o the_o slaughter_n among_o the_o rest_n for_o he_o never_o be_v hear_v of_o after_o that_o battle_n the_o other_o tartar_n who_o be_v send_v towards_o xantung_n and_o peking_n soon_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o they_o meet_v with_o little_a or_o no_o resistance_n but_o yet_o the_o great_a stop_n that_o be_v after_o put_v to_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o tartar_n be_v the_o law_n they_o publish_v whereby_o the_o chineses_n be_v command_v to_o wear_v their_o hair_n after_o the_o tartar_n fashion_n this_o do_v very_o much_o alienate_v their_o affection_n from_o the_o tartar_n for_o they_o of_o china_n take_v great_a pride_n in_o their_o hair_n and_o therefore_o do_v fight_v more_o valiant_o to_o defend_v that_o than_o for_o the_o safety_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o empire_n or_o emperor_n insomuch_o that_o thousand_o who_o perhaps_o otherwise_o will_v have_v submit_v peaceable_o choose_v rather_o to_o lose_v their_o head_n than_o their_o tress_n nevertheless_o the_o tartar_n be_v so_o successful_a in_o their_o war_n that_o in_o the_o space_n of_o twelve_o month_n they_o conquer_a four_z northern_a province_n viz._n peking_n xansi_fw-la xensi_fw-la and_o xantung_v but_o for_o the_o rest_n they_o use_v another_o mean_n which_o get_v they_o more_o than_o the_o sword_n and_o indeed_o be_v a_o good_a piece_n of_o policy_n for_o they_o make_v no_o manner_n of_o alteration_n in_o the_o government_n wheresoever_o they_o come_v but_o suffer_v the_o conduct_n and_o direction_n of_o all_o civil_a affair_n both_o in_o city_n and_o country_n to_o continue_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o chinese_n philosopher_n wherein_o it_o be_v settle_v before_o and_o this_o one_o thing_n bring_v the_o tartar_n into_o such_o favour_n and_o esteem_v with_o the_o chinese_n that_o they_o ready_o submit_v themselves_o to_o their_o command_n only_o herein_o consist_v all_o the_o mark_n of_o their_o vassalage_n that_o the_o conqueror_n reserve_v to_o themselves_o the_o sole_a management_n of_o all_o martial_a affair_n nevertheless_o such_o chinese_n commander_n as_o they_o have_v find_v faithful_a be_v still_o employ_v by_o they_o and_o even_o in_o the_o imperial_a city_n itself_o the_o same_o order_n as_o to_o the_o civil_a government_n be_v observe_v only_o one_o half_a of_o the_o judge_n be_v tartar_n and_o the_o other_o chineses_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o governor_n and_o commander_n of_o the_o southern_a province_n where_o the_o first_o disturbance_n of_o the_o robber_n begin_v have_v information_n of_o the_o strait_o the_o emperor_n be_v reduce_v to_o raise_v a_o great_a army_n and_o be_v already_o upon_o their_o march_n to_o his_o rescue_n but_o when_o they_o be_v certify_v of_o his_o death_n and_o the_o take_n of_o the_o city_n they_o immediate_o return_v with_o all_o their_o force_n and_o not_o long_o after_o understand_v that_o the_o tartar_n who_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o usanguejus_n be_v call_v in_o as_o aid_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o be_v become_v absolute_a master_n thereof_o the_o very_a thought_n of_o which_o much_o perplex_a their_o spirit_n and_o this_o spread_v likewise_o a_o great_a consternation_n among_o all_o the_o people_n even_o as_o far_o as_o nank_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o the_o same_o name_n so_o that_o they_o do_v not_o know_v what_o to_o advise_v or_o do_v but_o at_o last_o the_o general_n take_v courage_n and_o set_v up_o after_o a_o long_a serious_a consultation_n one_o of_o the_o family_n of_o taiminga_n be_v the_o next_o heir_n to_o the_o chinese_n crown_n as_o grandchild_n of_o the_o emperor_n vanlieus_n and_o cousin_n of_o the_o last_o emperor_n zungchinius_n who_o heretofore_o keep_v his_o court_n in_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n but_o for_o fear_n of_o the_o robber_n remove_v to_o nank_v where_o upon_o his_o arrival_n the_o inhabitant_n in_o great_a pomp_n and_o state_n set_v the_o crown_n upon_o his_o head_n and_o proclaim_v he_o emperor_n by_o the_o name_n of_o hunquang_n in_o hope_n to_o effect_v great_a matter_n by_o he_o in_o regard_n he_o be_v a_o valiant_a prince_n he_o be_v no_o soon_o seat_v in_o his_o throne_n but_o he_o send_v a_o ambassador_n to_o the_o tartar_n to_o demand_v a_o peace_n upon_o term_n of_o leave_v all_o the_o northern_a province_n to_o they_o which_o they_o have_v take_v but_o the_o tartar_n well_o understanding_n that_o the_o scope_n of_o this_o embassy_n be_v only_o intend_v to_o gain_v time_n till_o the_o chineses_n can_v recruit_v themselves_o with_o man_n and_o money_n reject_v his_o offer_n and_o return_v he_o answer_v that_o they_o will_v either_o have_v the_o whole_a country_n or_o no_o part_n of_o it_o be_v resolve_v not_o to_o lay_v down_o their_o arm_n till_o they_o have_v accomplish_v what_o they_o have_v undertake_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n whilst_o the_o ambassador_n be_v upon_o his_o return_n home_o and_o that_o both_o party_n prepare_v for_o the_o war_n there_o appear_v in_o nank_v a_o youth_n who_o give_v himself_o out_o for_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o emperor_n zungchinius_n and_o endeavour_v to_o confirm_v it_o with_o some_o peculiar_a remark_n of_o truth_n and_o that_o which_o seem_v to_o make_v a_o great_a addition_n to_o the_o credit_n of_o this_o report_n be_v that_o several_a gelubden_n and_o other_o who_o have_v be_v conversant_a in_o the_o emperor_n court_n pretend_v to_o know_v he_o but_o hunquang_n who_o have_v taste_v the_o sweetness_n of_o government_n and_o in_o some_o measure_n settle_v himself_o in_o the_o throne_n refuse_v to_o own_o he_o for_o the_o lawful_a son_n of_o zungchinius_n but_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v apprehend_v as_o a_o impostor_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o put_v he_o to_o death_n and_o in_o this_o cruel_a resolution_n he_o persist_v notwithstanding_o that_o all_o the_o commander_n and_o governor_n oppose_v he_o and_o extreme_o hate_v and_o malign_v he_o for_o it_o for_o they_o give_v credit_n to_o the_o say_v of_o the_o youth_n this_o business_n occasion_v so_o much_o and_o so_o long_a trouble_n among_o the_o chinese_n that_o the_o tartar_n in_o the_o interim_n take_v the_o opportunity_n to_o subject_v the_o province_n of_o nank_v wherein_o they_o find_v little_a or_o no_o opposition_n in_o regard_n the_o chinese_n commander_n be_v divide_v among_o themselves_o to_o that_o height_n of_o malice_n that_o some_o refuse_v to_o hinder_v the_o progress_n of_o the_o tartar_n on_o purpose_n to_o work_v a_o prejudice_n to_o the_o new_a emperor_n whereupon_o they_o come_v immediate_o to_o hoaigan_n the_o first_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o same_o province_n and_o without_o make_v any_o stop_n or_o delay_n they_o take_v in_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o yellow_a river_n and_o ferry_v over_o the_o same_o in_o boaâ—s_n though_o the_o other_o side_n thereof_o be_v well_o line_v with_o chinese_n soldier_n who_o no_o soon_o perceive_v the_o tartar_n in_o earnest_a to_o put_v themselves_o aboard_o for_o passage_n but_o they_o leave_v their_o station_n and_o flee_v like_o so_o many_o sheep_n pursue_v by_o wolf_n the_o tartar_n thus_o get_v over_o which_o may_v have_v be_v easy_o prevent_v if_o the_o guard_n appoint_v for_o defence_n of_o the_o bank_n have_v show_v but_o the_o least_o courage_n fall_v with_o their_o whole_a army_n into_o the_o say_a province_n and_o take_v and_o carry_v away_o
fling_v his_o tartar_n hat_n upon_o the_o ground_n which_o be_v take_v by_o they_o for_o a_o sign_n or_o token_n of_o great_a disrespect_n and_o therefore_o o_o base_a reward_n for_o fidelity_n he_o be_v condemn_v to_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n but_o this_o valiant_a and_o generous_a spirit_n prevent_v it_o by_o hang_v himself_o beforehand_o in_o his_o palace_n the_o tartar_n have_v clear_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o two_o great_a robber_n licungzus_n and_o changlianchus_n they_o immediate_o endeavour_v by_o all_o fair_a mean_n to_o settle_v the_o kingdom_n in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n which_o they_o short_o to_o their_o great_a satisfaction_n and_o content_n bring_v to_o pass_v and_o enjoy_v the_o same_o at_o this_o time_n without_o any_o further_a disturbance_n finis_fw-la a_o narrative_n of_o the_o success_n of_o a_o embassage_n send_v by_o john_n maatzuyker_n de_fw-fr badem_fw-la general_z of_o batavia_n unto_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n and_o tartary_n the_o 20_o the_o of_o july_n 1655._o solicit_v a_o licence_n of_o trade_n in_o the_o port_n of_o his_o empire_n dedicate_v to_o antonio_n de_fw-fr camera_n captain-general_n of_o the_o city_n of_o the_o name_n of_o god_n with_o the_o magistrate_n thereof_o write_a by_o a_o jesuit_n in_o those_o part_n three_o thing_n have_v i_o earnest_o covert_v ever_o since_o my_o first_o arrival_n in_o china_n and_o frequent_o have_v implore_v they_o from_o heaven_n the_o first_o be_v union_n and_o concord_n among_o christian_a prince_n the_o second_o that_o i_o may_v live_v to_o see_v our_o native_a country_n of_o portugal_n govern_v by_o a_o natural_a king_n the_o three_o that_o i_o may_v also_o see_v before_o my_o departure_n hence_o those_o country_n which_o the_o hollander_n have_v conquer_a from_o we_o recover_v out_o of_o their_o hand_n from_o the_o object_n of_o these_o my_o desire_n it_o will_v be_v easy_a to_o understand_v the_o motive_n from_o whence_o they_o proceed_v which_o be_v no_o other_o than_o to_o remove_v the_o obstacle_n and_o make_v the_o way_n plain_a to_o the_o present_a maintenance_n and_o far_a propagation_n of_o the_o roman_n catholic_n faith_n thus_o in_o the_o year_n 1648._o be_v new_o deliver_v from_o that_o imprisonment_n famine_n and_o other_o calamity_n which_o i_o endure_v within_o the_o province_n of_o sienchuen_n under_o the_o tyrant_n which_o there_o rebel_v i_o come_v to_o the_o port_n at_o peking_n and_o be_v there_o encounter_v with_o the_o news_n of_o our_o new_a or_o rather_o our_o old_a king_n for_o he_o can_v cease_v to_o be_v a_o king_n who_o continue_v such_o in_o his_o subject_n breast_n and_o be_v always_o one_o by_o birthright_n like_o a_o new_a sun_n rise_v in_o the_o west_n in_o lisbon_n which_o although_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o neighbour_n king_n yet_o no_o way_n contrariant_n to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n i_o say_v when_o i_o hear_v this_o news_n it_o cause_v such_o a_o jubilee_n to_o my_o soul_n and_o joy_n to_o my_o heart_n and_o raise_v in_o i_o such_o great_a hope_n of_o spread_v the_o christian_a religion_n as_o i_o can_v then_o only_o feel_v within_o myself_o and_o be_o not_o able_a to_o express_v be_v moreover_o satisfy_v that_o our_o new_a king_n and_o his_o glorious_a achievement_n in_o brasile_n do_v promise_v no_o less_o in_o these_o eastern_a country_n may_v the_o lord_n accomplish_v these_o desire_n and_o grant_v the_o happy_a end_n that_o my_o heart_n belong_v for_o but_o that_o god_n may_v either_o show_v we_o our_o sin_n which_o have_v so_o just_o deserve_v punishment_n or_o that_o he_o may_v manifest_v the_o bowel_n of_o his_o mercy_n and_o singular_a providence_n which_o he_o have_v over_o his_o people_n especial_o the_o holy_a catholic_n city_n of_o maccow_n he_o have_v permit_v the_o hollander_n to_o become_v her_o rival_n in_o this_o empire_n and_o to_o court_v it_o for_o their_o establishment_n alliance_n and_o commerce_n with_o it_o this_o indeed_o do_v rebate_v the_o edge_n of_o our_o mind_n and_o reduce_v your_o favour_n to_o more_o remiss_a degree_n though_o not_o whole_o extinguish_v it_o for_o four_o of_o we_o brethren_n of_o the_o society_n of_o jesus_n then_o live_v at_o court_n resume_v our_o courage_n with_o bloom_a hope_n resolve_v to_o leave_v no_o medium_fw-la unessayed_a to_o overthrow_v those_o hollander_n design_n and_o with_o all_o diligence_n and_o vigilancy_n to_o vacuate_v their_o undertake_n what_o success_n the_o hollander_n have_v in_o their_o first_o expedition_n to_o canton_n many_o year_n past_a i_o have_v already_o write_v to_o your_o lordship_n therefore_o i_o shall_v only_o meddle_v with_o the_o second_o encounter_n and_o by_o how_o much_o fierce_a that_o be_v with_o a_o enemy_n furnish_v with_o all_o the_o habiliment_n of_o war_n to_o wit_n plenty_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n the_o most_o prevail_a weapon_n for_o the_o conquer_a of_o country_n and_o great_a one_o and_o of_o all_o other_o rarity_n adapt_v to_o satisfy_v both_o covetousness_n and_o curiosity_n as_o the_o most_o powerful_a engine_n against_o such_o soldier_n by_o so_o much_o be_v our_o conflict_n more_o grievous_a and_o consequent_o the_o victory_n more_o glorious_a so_o have_v it_o many_o thing_n worthy_a to_o be_v publish_v the_o lord_n grant_v for_o it_o have_v ever_o be_v my_o faithful_a petition_n to_o he_o and_o may_v your_o lordship_n make_v it_o you_o with_o your_o whole_a trust_n in_o he_o that_o as_o your_o lordship_n and_o myself_o also_o at_o a_o great_a distance_n have_v behold_v with_o our_o eye_n the_o hope_n of_o my_o second_o desire_n fulfil_v for_o we_o have_v see_v the_o desire_n of_o all_o nation_n our_o king_n our_o father_n so_o you_o may_v see_v the_o first_o and_o three_o part_n of_o my_o wish_n to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n the_o honour_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o portugal_n and_o the_o increase_n of_o christianity_n access_n to_o canton_n be_v preclude_v to_o the_o hollander_n at_o their_o first_o attempt_n and_o trade_n deny_v they_o those_o reguli_fw-la which_o rule_v that_o province_n allure_v with_o the_o hope_n of_o that_o extraordinary_a gain_n they_o expect_v to_o make_v by_o commerce_n with_o the_o dutch_a counsel_v they_o to_o return_v on_o a_o second_o embassage_n which_o they_o according_o enter_v upon_o the_o 20_o the_o of_o july_n 1655._o and_o arrive_v in_o canton_n the_o five_o of_o september_n the_o same_o year_n where_o from_o those_o reguli_fw-la they_o have_v a_o very_a friendly_a reception_n but_o because_o they_o can_v obtain_v no_o audience_n above_o to_o their_o first_o message_n they_o be_v fearful_a to_o proffer_v a_o second_o lest_o the_o king_n and_o council_n shall_v suspect_v it_o to_o arise_v only_o from_o the_o hope_n of_o their_o own_o advantage_n and_o self-interest_n they_o therefore_o so_o wrought_v with_o the_o viceroy_n of_o canton_n that_o he_o shall_v send_v this_o second_o memorial_n of_o their_o desire_n which_o accompany_v with_o many_o 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this_o time_n at_o least_o without_o vast_a bribe_n because_o those_o reguli_fw-la of_o canton_n have_v corrupt_v the_o great_a mandorin_n and_o open_v all_o the_o dooas_n of_o the_o court_n unto_o they_o notwithstanding_o all_o this_o zeal_n for_o the_o public_a good_a the_o progress_n of_o christianity_n the_o love_n of_o our_o country_n and_o especial_o of_o this_o noble_a city_n to_o which_o we_o allow_v so_o much_o do_v invite_v yea_o compel_v we_o to_o a_o undertake_n the_o accomplishment_n of_o which_o seem_v impossible_a to_o all_o men._n by_o the_o mediation_n of_o a_o certain_a christian_a of_o no_o contemptible_a condition_n and_o authority_n we_o first_o compass_v to_o speak_v with_o one_o of_o these_o mandorin_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v colli_n and_o we_o may_v style_v the_o master_n of_o request_n who_o office_n be_v to_o acquaint_v the_o emperor_n with_o the_o misdemeanour_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o particular_o with_o the_o exorbitance_n of_o
any_o thing_n else_o i_o see_v it_o and_o read_v it_o view_v it_o and_o read_v it_o over_o and_o over_o leisurely_o and_o whole_o and_o consider_v its_o antiquity_n i_o wonder_v how_o it_o can_v be_v so_o entire_a and_o have_v its_o character_n so_o clear_a and_o clean_o engrave_v in_o the_o middle_n it_o have_v many_o chinese_n character_n which_o contain_v the_o name_n of_o priest_n and_o bishop_n of_o those_o time_n it_o have_v also_o many_o other_o which_o then_o be_v not_o know_v because_o they_o be_v neither_o hebrew_n nor_o greek_a yet_o they_o be_v think_v by_o most_o to_o contain_v the_o same_o name_n to_o the_o end_n that_o if_o perchance_o any_o stranger_n shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o read_v those_o of_o the_o country_n they_o may_v happy_o understand_v the_o foreign_a one_o afterward_o pass_v by_o coccino_fw-la i_o arrive_v at_o grauganor_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o costa_n to_o consult_v upon_o these_o character_n with_o father_n antonio_n fernandez_n of_o our_o society_n most_o excellent_o skilled_a in_o the_o character_n of_o this_o st._n thomas_n his_o christianity_n who_o tell_v i_o that_o they_o be_v syriack_n character_n and_o such_o as_o be_v in_o use_n there_o thus_o father_n alvares_n samedus_n but_o there_o be_v very_o few_o that_o have_v any_o knowledge_n in_o the_o syriack_n letter_n at_o length_n be_v send_v to_o rome_n they_o come_v to_o my_o hand_n when_o i_o if_o i_o be_v not_o deceive_v give_v the_o first_o interpretation_n of_o they_o in_o my_o prodromus_n coptus_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v more_o at_o large_a anon_o yet_o notwithstanding_o i_o can_v not_o obtain_v they_o all_o because_o some_o of_o they_o be_v describe_v in_o disjoined_a paper_n peradventure_o be_v transcribe_v from_o the_o authentic_a copy_n only_o for_o a_o specimen_fw-la but_o when_o not_o long_o after_o the_o perfect_a exemplar_n of_o the_o original_a which_o also_o at_o this_o day_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o library_n of_o the_o roman_a college_n be_v send_v unto_o i_o then_o in_o truth_n i_o esteem_v it_o requisite_a to_o finish_v all_o and_o every_o part_n of_o they_o in_o this_o as_o a_o very_a convenient_a place_n with_o a_o more_o exact_a interpretation_n both_o of_o the_o chinesian_n and_o chaldean_a character_n father_n martinius_n martinii_n come_v to_o rome_n after_o samedus_n do_v not_o only_o give_v i_o a_o account_n of_o the_o monument_n by_o word_n of_o mouth_n but_o also_o relate_v the_o matter_n at_o large_a in_o his_o atlas_n where_o treat_v of_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la he_o say_v that_o which_o make_v this_o province_n the_o more_o famous_a 44._o be_v that_o most_o ancient_a stone_n sculp_v partly_o with_o chinese_n character_n concern_v the_o introduction_n of_o the_o gospel_n by_o the_o successor_n of_o the_o apostle_n into_o china_n thereon_o be_v register_v the_o name_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o priest_n of_o that_o time_n and_o the_o favour_n and_o indulgence_n of_o the_o chinesian_a 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the_o first_o draught_n of_o which_o the_o father_n of_o our_o society_n dispatch_v to_o rome_n together_o with_o the_o interpretation_n where_o it_o be_v preserve_v in_o the_o library_n of_o the_o roman_a college_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o stone_n be_v extend_v after_o the_o mode_n of_o a_o parallelogram_n five_o hand_n broad_a one_o thick_a and_o almost_o ten_o long_a on_o the_o top_n be_v a_o cross_n somewhat_o like_o that_o of_o the_o knight_n of_o malta_n if_o any_o one_o desire_v a_o more_o accurate_a account_n of_o it_o he_o shall_v find_v the_o matter_n more_o full_o explain_v in_o the_o prodromus_n coptus_n of_o the_o reverend_a father_n athanasius_n kircher_n and_o in_o the_o relation_n of_o the_o reverend_a father_n alvares_n samedus_n concern_v the_o transaction_n of_o china_n the_o father_n of_o our_o society_n then_o again_o restore_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n of_o god_n obliterated_a and_o almost_o blot_v out_o of_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n by_o the_o interval_n of_o a_o long_a series_n of_o time_n they_o have_v erect_v many_o temple_n to_o the_o live_n and_o true_a god_n and_o administer_v in_o they_o with_o conspicuous_a and_o signal_n piety_n two_o of_o our_o father_n do_v there_o strenuous_o cultivate_v that_o new_a vineyard_n of_o the_o lord_n one_o of_o they_o have_v fix_v his_o station_n in_o the_o metropolis_n the_o other_o travel_v hither_o and_o thither_o throughout_o the_o province_n where_o the_o great_a necessity_n require_v for_o the_o promotion_n of_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n and_o the_o good_a of_o soul_n that_o he_o may_v every_o where_o break_v and_o communicate_v the_o bread_n of_o salvation_n to_o all_o that_o require_v the_o same_o thus_o father_n martinius_n martinii_n father_n michael_n boim_n at_o length_n arrive_v here_o who_o bring_v i_o a_o more_o exact_a relation_n of_o this_o monument_n than_o any_o other_o he_o mend_v all_o the_o defect_n in_o describe_v of_o it_o from_o a_o chinesian_a manuscript_n which_o i_o have_v in_o my_o study_n and_o in_o my_o presence_n perfect_v a_o new_a and_o short_a interpretation_n of_o the_o whole_a table_n word_n for_o word_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o associate_n andrea_n don_n sin_n a_o native_a of_o china_n a_o person_n excellent_o verse_v in_o his_o native_a language_n all_o which_o he_o present_v to_o the_o reader_n in_o which_o he_o have_v exact_o describe_v the_o series_n of_o the_o whole_a matter_n and_o whatsoever_o may_v afford_v itself_o worthy_a of_o consideration_n in_o this_o monument_n which_o epistle_n i_o have_v judge_v meet_a with_o his_o assent_n to_o be_v here_o prefix_v as_o a_o luculent_a testimony_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o interpretation_n and_o also_o for_o a_o last_a and_o durable_a preservatory_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o i_o have_v take_v care_n to_o have_v the_o draught_n of_o this_o monument_n bring_v from_o china_n the_o original_a of_o which_o even_o now_o may_v be_v see_v in_o my_o study_n to_o be_v ensculp_v keep_v its_o genuine_a note_n and_o character_n both_o those_o of_o the_o chinese_n and_o chaldean_n and_o also_o with_o the_o addition_n of_o scholias_n the_o aforesaid_a epistle_n of_o father_n michael_n boim_n follow_v father_n michael_n boim_n a_o polonian_a of_o the_o society_n of_o jesus_n wish_v all_o happiness_n to_o the_o well_o affect_a reader_n among_o the_o monument_n find_v in_o china_n concern_v the_o catholic_n faith_n there_o preach_v a_o marble_n stone_n of_o chinese_n write_v engrave_v about_o a_o thousand_o year_n since_o with_o ancient_a syriack_n character_n which_o they_o term_v estrangelo_n and_o the_o subscription_n of_o the_o chaldean_a priest_n claim_v the_o precedency_n of_o place_n although_o long_o since_o there_o have_v be_v imprint_v a_o interpretation_n of_o this_o monument_n perform_v by_o father_n athanasius_n kircher_n in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n and_o after_o he_o by_o father_n alvares_n samedus_n in_o the_o italian_a who_o himself_o see_v the_o monument_n yet_o notwithstanding_o because_o both_o of_o they_o have_v only_o attain_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o write_a stone_n and_o the_o former_a also_o have_v not_o as_o yet_o obtain_v out_o of_o china_n the_o syriack_n subscription_n of_o all_o the_o priest_n that_o he_o may_v interpret_v they_o i_o have_v therefore_o resolve_v with_o myself_o entire_o and_o with_o all_o fidelity_n to_o publish_v the_o inscription_n itself_o both_o in_o chinesian_n and_o latin_a character_n with_o a_o latin_a interpretation_n word_n for_o word_n retain_v the_o chinese_n phrase_n and_o also_o to_o propose_v and_o show_v unto_o all_o person_n all_o the_o syriack_n subscription_n of_o the_o syrian_n comment_v on_o by_o athanasius_n kircher_n a_o person_n excellent_o accomplish_v in_o the_o language_n with_o other_o chinesian_a occurence_n as_o so_o many_o obvious_a testimony_n of_o the_o catholic_n verity_n and_o that_o i_o may_v comprehend_v all_o in_o a_o word_n to_o expose_v the_o
way_n of_o life_n 3._o then_o one_o of_o the_o divine_a person_n of_o the_o most_o holy_a trinity_n god_n call_v the_o messiah_n by_o contract_v and_o hide_v his_o majesty_n and_o accommodate_v himself_o to_o humane_a nature_n be_v make_v man_n wherefore_o for_o the_o declare_v these_o joyful_a tiding_n he_o select_v a_o angel_n and_o be_v bear_v of_o a_o virgin_n in_o judea_n a_o great_a star_n also_o proclaim_v this_o felicity_n so_o that_o king_n see_v its_o brightness_n come_v and_o offer_v present_n that_o the_o law_n and_o prophecy_n of_o the_o twenty_o four_o prophet_n may_v be_v fulfil_v he_o govern_v the_o world_n by_o one_o great_a law_n found_v the_o divine_a and_o spiritual_a law_n without_o any_o thunder_a word_n and_o confirm_v it_o with_o the_o seal_n of_o a_o true_a faith_n he_o pronounce_v the_o eight_o beatitude_n turn_v mundane_a thing_n into_o eternal_a open_v the_o gate_n of_o the_o three_o theological_a virtue_n and_o give_v life_n by_o destroy_a death_n he_o descend_v into_o hell_n in_o person_n and_o bring_v confusion_n to_o the_o devil_n and_o his_o angel_n he_o waft_v good_a man_n to_o heaven_n in_o the_o ship_n of_o his_o piety_n and_o give_v salvation_n to_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o iust._n these_o thing_n finish_v about_o noon_n by_o his_o wonderful_a power_n he_o ascend_v into_o heaven_n leave_v twenty_o seven_o tome_n or_o volume_n of_o his_o doctrine_n to_o open_v a_o way_n for_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o world_n he_o institute_v baptism_n by_o water_n and_o the_o spirit_n for_o the_o wash_n away_o of_o sin_n and_o cleanse_v the_o world_n he_o make_v use_v of_o the_o cross_n that_o he_o may_v take_v in_o all_o without_o exception_n stir_v up_o all_o by_o the_o voice_n of_o charity_n command_v to_o worship_n towards_o the_o east_n that_o they_o may_v proceed_v in_o the_o way_n of_o a_o glorious_a life_n 4._o his_o minister_n or_o priest_n for_o outward_a ornament_n sake_n nourish_v their_o beard_n but_o shave_v the_o crown_n 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it_o be_v to_o illuminate_v and_o find_v out_o all_o thing_n with_o the_o clear_a perspicacity_n whereupon_o as_o necessary_a it_o be_v entitle_v kim_n kiao_o that_o be_v the_o great_a and_o perspicuous_a law_n 5._o the_o law_n where_o there_o be_v no_o royal_a person_n be_v neither_o extend_v nor_o dilate_v yet_o person_n royal_a without_o the_o law_n be_v not_o worthy_a of_o esteem_n the_o law_n therefore_o and_o prince_n concord_v and_o as_o it_o be_v meet_v in_o one_o forthwith_o the_o world_n be_v illuminate_v in_o this_o famous_a time_n a_o king_n name_v tai_n cum_fw-la veu_n huamti_fw-la with_o singular_a prudence_n and_o sanctity_n govern_v china_n there_o come_v out_o of_o judea_n a_o man_n of_o very_o great_a virtue_n style_v olo_n puen_o who_o bring_v as_o it_o be_v from_o the_o cloud_n this_o true_a doctrine_n and_o drive_v by_o the_o wind_n by_o the_o help_n of_o hydrographical_a map_n have_v sustain_v many_o danger_n and_o much_o labour_n at_o length_n in_o the_o year_n chin_n quon_n jeu_fw-fr sie_n that_o be_v 636._o he_o arrive_v at_o the_o king_n palace_n when_o the_o king_n hear_v thereof_o he_o command_v the_o famous_a colao_n call_v fam_n kien_n lyam_n that_o he_o shall_v ride_v to_o meet_v this_o new_a guest_n towards_o the_o west_n that_o be_v towards_o the_o suburb_n of_o the_o city_n and_o shall_v bring_v he_o to_o the_o palace_n with_o all_o kindness_n and_o respect_n then_o he_o direct_v he_o to_o declare_v his_o doctrine_n there_o when_o at_o once_o he_o search_v out_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o law_n whereof_o be_v satisfy_v he_o serious_o command_v the_o same_o to_o be_v preach_v and_o publish_a with_o efficacy_n and_o reverence_n through_o his_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 12_o cin_n quon_n 7_o which_o be_v 636._o he_o write_v back_o in_o this_o manner_n the_o tenor_n of_o the_o promulgation_n be_v as_o follow_v the_o true_a law_n have_v no_o determinate_a name_n nor_o have_v the_o saint_n any_o limit_a place_n where_o they_o remain_v they_o run_v to_o all_o part_n that_o they_o may_v instruct_v the_o world_n be_v intent_n with_o might_n and_o main_a to_o do_v good_a and_o succour_v the_o afflict_a people_n out_o of_o the_o far_o distant_a and_o remote_a kingdom_n of_o tancin_n or_o judea_n olo_n puen_n a_o man_n of_o most_o eminent_a virtue_n bring_v and_o present_v his_o doctrine_n and_o certain_a image_n to_o our_o princely_a palace_n who_o intention_n to_o instruct_v we_o we_o have_v examine_v to_o the_o bottom_n do_v find_v his_o doctrine_n most_o excellent_a without_o any_o exterior_a clamour_n and_o take_v its_o original_n from_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n this_o doctrine_n consist_v not_o in_o multitude_n of_o word_n nor_o do_v it_o lie_v only_o in_o a_o superficial_a foundation_n for_o truth_n but_o bring_v profit_n and_o salvation_n to_o mankind_n wherefore_o it_o be_v meet_v that_o it_o be_v divulge_v through_o our_o whole_a empire_n he_o command_v also_o the_o mandorin_n call_v nim_n fam_n to_o build_v a_o large_a church_n and_o to_o officiate_v therein_o the_o author_n kim_n limb_o praise_n this_o king_n for_o enervate_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o monarchy_n of_o cheu_n olad_v in_o that_o be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o sect_n stai_n in_o or_o tansu_n he_o depart_v in_o a_o black_a chariot_n towards_o the_o west_n that_o be_v out_o of_o china_n but_o where_o the_o great_a tamburlaine_n be_v make_v famous_a with_o tao_n the_o holy_a gospel_n be_v bring_v into_o china_n a_o little_a after_o the_o king_n cause_v the_o effigy_n of_o the_o same_o olo_n puen_n who_o as_o we_o say_v first_o preach_v here_o the_o gospel_n careful_o and_o exact_o to_o be_v paint_v and_o so_o to_o be_v fasten_v to_o the_o wall_n this_o most_o excellent_a figure_n shine_v at_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o church_n and_o his_o memory_n will_v always_o be_v refulgent_a in_o the_o world_n 6._o according_a to_o geographer_n who_o mention_v those_o western_a part_n geographer_n and_o by_o the_o 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any_o dignity_n but_o on_o person_n merit_v the_o same_o by_o virtue_n their_o building_n be_v very_o large_a in_o a_o word_n the_o kingdom_n be_v famous_a for_o poetry_n order_n and_o good_a manner_n 7._o docao_n or_o caozum_fw-la cum_fw-la the_o son_n of_o tai_n cum_fw-la come_v to_o the_o government_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 651._o our_o author_n kim_n lim_z speak_v thus_o of_o he_o cao_n vim_o otherwise_o caozum_fw-la a_o very_a great_a prince_n not_o at_o all_o degenerate_v from_o the_o virtue_n of_o his_o grandfather_n be_v please_v with_o honour_n to_o continue_v his_o good_a intent_n and_o also_o to_o improve_v whatever_o his_o father_n have_v begin_v he_o command_v church_n to_o be_v build_v in_o all_o province_n at_o the_o same_o time_n also_o enoble_v olo_n puen_v with_o the_o title_n of_o bishop_n of_o the_o great_a
remain_v unexplain_v hitherto_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o want_n of_o man_n in_o china_n that_o be_v verse_v in_o those_o character_n and_o for_o that_o very_a cause_n be_v send_v into_o europe_n by_o the_o portuguese_n father_n of_o our_o society_n to_o be_v explicate_v by_o person_n skilled_a in_o the_o syrian_a language_n i_o first_o of_o all_o undertake_v the_o interpretation_n thereof_o and_o that_o with_o good_a success_n discharge_v the_o same_o with_o equal_a fidelity_n and_o diligence_n now_o it_o be_v engrave_v on_o the_o margin_n of_o the_o stone_n in_o the_o ancient_a syriack_n character_n that_o be_v term_v estrangelo_n and_o it_o contain_v the_o year_n the_o name_n and_o office_n of_o those_o apostolical_a man_n and_o promoter_n of_o the_o divine_a law_n that_o be_v then_o in_o china_n when_o the_o stone_n be_v erect_v father_n emanuel_n dias_n in_o a_o certain_a letter_n write_v in_o the_o portuguese_n tongue_n date_v from_o maccao_n august_n 23._o 1625._o take_v notice_n of_o this_o stone_n and_o of_o the_o inscription_n mention_v his_o word_n translate_v be_v these_o in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la in_o china_n where_o now_o trigautius_n reside_v a_o certain_a stone_n of_o about_o twenty_o four_o hand_n breath_n be_v dig_v up_o in_o which_o be_v manifest_o apparent_a that_o above_o a_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o and_o forty_o three_o year_n since_o there_o be_v christian_n with_o shave_a crown_n that_o preach_v the_o mystery_n of_o the_o trinity_n and_o incarnation_n and_o that_o the_o king_n of_o china_n confer_v many_o favour_n on_o they_o doctor_n leo_n desire_v to_o have_v the_o whole_a matter_n print_v first_o transcribe_v by_o the_o mandorin_n that_o be_v christian_n to_o show_v all_o the_o mystery_n contain_v on_o the_o stone_n that_o the_o same_o may_v more_o plain_o appear_v at_o present_a we_o only_o endeavour_v that_o the_o matter_n may_v come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o emperor_n god_n prosper_v all_o to_o his_o own_o glory_n father_n francis_n hurtado_n from_o the_o province_n of_o nancheu_o also_o confirm_v this_o and_o add_v that_o in_o the_o same_o year_n a_o passage_n be_v open_v into_o the_o new_a province_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n viz._n xensi_fw-la xansi_fw-la fohum_fw-la which_o last_o be_v conterminate_a with_o couchinchina_n and_o easy_o admit_v of_o stranger_n and_o thus_o proceed_v say_v unto_o these_o be_v annex_v ten_o or_o twelve_o line_n in_o syriack_n which_o i_o can_v not_o interpret_v also_o the_o privilege_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n of_o china_n to_o the_o priest_n of_o that_o law_n be_v adjoin_v the_o version_n be_v make_v word_n for_o word_n out_o of_o the_o chinese_n language_n there_o be_v also_o other_o translation_n but_o they_o all_o agree_v in_o the_o essential_a matter_n it_o be_v record_v in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o king_n of_o china_n that_o the_o christian_a faith_n arrive_v among_o the_o chinese_n above_o 994_o year_n since_o and_o that_o this_o inscription_n be_v make_v 140_o year_n after_o its_o entrance_n thus_o father_n emanuel_n dias_n but_o in_o other_o letter_n of_o a_o more_o late_a date_n from_o maccao_n 21_o novemb_n 1627._o we_o find_v it_o thus_o write_v concern_v this_o city_n some_o year_n since_o there_o be_v find_v a_o very_a long_a and_o ancient_a write_v engrave_v on_o a_o stone_n in_o the_o chinesâ—â—_n and_o chaldean_a or_o syrian_a language_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o law_n of_o our_o lord_n and_o saviour_n arrive_v among_o the_o chinese_n about_o a_o thousand_o year_n since_o anno_fw-la dom._n 636._o now_o the_o stone_n be_v erect_v and_o inscribe_v anno_fw-la 782._o that_o be_v a_o hundred_o and_o forty_o six_o year_n after_o the_o preach_a of_o the_o gospel_n there_o by_o which_o a_o great_a conversion_n unto_o the_o faith_n be_v wrought_v church_n be_v build_v and_o bishop_n constitute_v the_o king_n that_o govern_v at_o that_o time_n be_v reckon_v about_o eight_o who_o name_n be_v express_v in_o that_o stone_n and_o who_o â—ll_o of_o they_o favour_v the_o christian_n now_o the_o preacher_n of_o this_o law_n come_v out_o of_o palestine_n and_o other_o adjoin_a place_n it_o contain_v the_o chief_a mystery_n of_o our_o faith_n which_o be_v manifest_a from_o the_o inscription_n all_o which_o be_v large_o evident_a from_o the_o forementioned_a testimony_n of_o father_n boim_n martinius_n and_o daniel_n bartolus_n which_o be_v collect_v from_o the_o study_n of_o the_o college_n of_o our_o society_n but_o i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v worth_a our_o time_n to_o produce_v this_o syrian_a inscription_n in_o the_o same_o strangelick_n character_n in_o which_o it_o be_v express_v in_o china_n together_o with_o the_o interpretation_n especial_o see_v the_o father_n of_o our_o society_n in_o china_n therefore_o send_v it_o hither_o into_o europe_n in_o a_o particular_a folio_n print_v in_o china_n by_o the_o master_n of_o that_o language_n for_o a_o better_a explanation_n of_o it_o for_o this_o be_v explain_v i_o hope_v it_o will_v so_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o both_o the_o day_n the_o name_n the_o country_n and_o the_o office_n of_o the_o preacher_n of_o the_o divine_a law_n and_o final_o our_o design_n will_v the_o more_o evident_o be_v discover_v the_o inscription_n of_o the_o syriack_n name_n be_v twofold_a one_o of_o they_o sculp_v on_o the_o margin_n the_o other_o on_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o monument_n and_o because_o this_o latter_a contain_v the_o year_n of_o its_o erection_n we_o shall_v begin_v the_o thread_n of_o our_o exposition_n from_o it_o the_o syrian_a inscription_n be_v as_o follow_v adam_n kasiso_n ucurapiscupo_n upapasi_fw-la di_fw-it zinstà n_n bejume_v abo_n dabohotho_fw-la mor_fw-mi haâ—an_fw-mi jesua_n kataliko_n patriarchis_fw-la besanath_n alf_a utisaain_n utarten_v dia_z vanoie_n mor_fw-mi libuzad_v kasiso_n ucurapiscupo_n de_fw-fr cumdan_n medinah_fw-mi malcutho_fw-mi bar_n nihh_fw-mi napso_fw-la milis_fw-la kasiso_fw-la dmâ—_n balehh_v medintho_n tahhurstan_n akim_n lucho_fw-la hono_fw-la papa_n dicta_fw-la bou_fw-mi beh_fw-it medaharnaâ—ho_fw-mi dpharukan_fw-mi ucaruzuthon_n dabhain_v daluat_a malche_fw-mi dizinio_fw-mi adam_n meschamschono_n bar_v jidbuzad_a curaphiscopo_n mar_n sargis_n kasiso_n ucurapiscupo_n sarnischua_n kasiso_n gabriel_n kasiso_n varcodia_fw-la cun_fw-la urisch_n ahito_fw-la de_fw-fr cumbdan_n u._fw-mi dasrag_fw-mi this_o the_o explication_n of_o it_o adam_n priest_n or_o presbyter_n and_o archbishop_n and_o pope_n of_o zindostan_n or_o the_o region_n of_o china_n where_o note_v that_o stan_n in_o the_o indian_a language_n signify_v a_o region_n whence_o be_v derive_v indostan_n turkistan_n or_o turchestan_n and_o the_o like_a name_n that_o signify_v the_o same_o even_o as_o the_o follow_a german_a name_n friesland_n and_o franckeland_n signify_v the_o region_n of_o frisia_n and_o francovia_n and_o other_o innumerable_a word_n of_o the_o like_a kind_n all_o which_o be_v compound_v of_o the_o german_a word_n land_n which_o as_o the_o indian_a word_n stan_n be_v the_o proper_a name_n of_o a_o region_n or_o place_n which_o i_o though_o fit_a here_o to_o allege_v that_o the_o reader_n may_v not_o be_v ignorant_a why_o china_n be_v call_v zindostan_n in_o the_o day_n of_o the_o father_n of_o father_n the_o lord_n hanan_n jesua_n or_o john_n josue_n catholic_n patriarch_n you_o must_v understand_v either_o the_o patriarch_n of_o alexandria_n or_o of_o antioch_n or_o of_o babylon_n who_o be_v proper_o call_v universal_a or_o catholic_n patriarch_n in_o the_o year_n 1092._o according_a to_o the_o grecian_a compute_v the_o lord_n jidbuzad_v priest_n and_o vicar-bishop_n of_o cumdan_n city_n of_o the_o kingdom_n so_o they_o phrase_v the_o metropolis_n son_n of_o milis_fw-la peace_n be_v to_o his_o soul_n priest_n of_o belehh_n a_o city_n of_o tahurstan_n you_o must_v read_v turchestan_n pope_n so_o they_o term_v the_o chief_a in_o any_o ecclesiastical_a order_n erect_v this_o table_n and_o the_o administration_n or_o government_n of_o our_o savionr_n be_v inscribe_v in_o it_o and_o also_o the_o preach_a of_o our_o father_n who_o reside_v with_o the_o king_n of_o china_n adam_n the_o deacon_n son_n of_o jidbuzad_n episcopal_a vicar_n mar_n sargis_n presbyter_n and_o episcopal_a vicar_n sarnischua_n presbyter_n gabriel_n presbyter_n and_o archdeacon_n head_n of_o the_o church_n of_o cumdan_n and_o dasrag_n and_o these_o be_v find_v in_o the_o folio_n print_v in_o china_n which_o be_v also_o see_v ensculpt_v on_o the_o stone_n but_o before_o i_o proceed_v any_o far_o i_o must_v clear_v one_o difficulty_n which_o occur_v about_o the_o year_n of_o the_o erection_n of_o this_o stone_n for_o the_o year_n of_o this_o stone_n in_o the_o chinesian_a inscription_n be_v find_v so_o different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o syriack_n that_o not_o a_o few_o person_n be_v perplex_v with_o the_o diversity_n allege_v their_o doubt_n unto_o i_o concern_v the_o true_a and_o faithful_a interpretation_n of_o the_o monument_n for_o the_o portuguese_n version_n out_o of_o
the_o chinese_n tongue_n and_o the_o italian_a translate_v from_o the_o portuguese_n place_n the_o year_n of_o the_o erection_n of_o this_o stone_n in_o the_o year_n 782._o after_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n but_o the_o syriack_n inscription_n fix_v the_o time_n according_a to_o the_o compute_v of_o the_o grecian_n at_o the_o year_n 1092._o which_o how_o different_a it_o be_v from_o the_o other_o account_n be_v easy_a to_o be_v discover_v by_o any_o one_o now_o that_o all_o these_o particular_n may_v be_v the_o better_o reconcile_v and_o this_o knot_n also_o unloose_v i_o think_v it_o requisite_a first_o to_o set_v down_o word_n for_o word_n the_o translation_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a inscription_n thus_o the_o portuguese_n have_v it_o no_o nosso_fw-it potentado_n do_fw-mi grande_n tam_fw-la segundo_fw-la anno_fw-la deste_fw-fr kien_fw-fr cium_o que_fw-fr eram_fw-la do_v senhor_n 782._o no_o mes_fw-fr de_fw-fr autuno_n no_o settimo_fw-la dia_z dia_z de_fw-fr domingo_n foy_fw-fr allevantada_n esta_fw-es pedra_fw-fr sendo_fw-la bispo_n nim_n ciu_o que_fw-fr governa_fw-la a_o igreia_n china_n thus_o the_o italian_a nell_n nostro_fw-la potentato_fw-it del_fw-it grand_fw-mi tam_fw-la secondo_fw-la adno_fw-la di_fw-it questo_fw-la kien_n cium_o che_fw-it erano_fw-it del_fw-it signore_fw-la 782._o nel_fw-it mese_fw-it di_fw-it autunno_n nel_fw-it settimo_fw-la giorno_fw-la giorno_fw-la di_fw-it dominica_n fu_fw-la inalzata_fw-la questa_fw-la pietra_fw-la essendo_fw-la vescovo_fw-la nim_n ciu_o che_fw-it governa_fw-la la_fw-it chiesa_fw-la della_fw-it china_n the_o italian_a version_n be_v thus_o in_o our_o dominion_n of_o the_o grand_a tamburlaine_n the_o second_o year_n of_o this_o kien_fw-fr cium_o which_o be_v of_o our_o lord_n 782._o in_o the_o month_n of_o autumn_n on_o the_o seven_o day_n upon_o the_o sunday_n this_o monument_n be_v erect_v nim_n ciu_o being_n bishop_n who_o be_v over_o the_o church_n of_o china_n the_o interpretation_n of_o both_o of_o they_o 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