it would be lawful to that Kingdome to assist him for the recovery of the Government he not granting the Propositions concerning Religion and the Covenant and not giving a satisfactory answer to the remanent Propositions Their Answer The Quaere presupposeth the King's coming into this Kingdome which case for the reasons expressed in our late warning we humbly conceive should not be put into the Question and therefore desire your Lordships to go about all means for the present preventing of it as a matter of most dangerous consequence to Religion this Kirk and Kingdome and to the King himself and his posterity But if the Question be stated simply without supposing such a case in these termes If the King be excluded from Government in England for not granting the propositions concerning Religion and the Covenant and for not giving a satisfactory Answer to the remanent propositions whether in that case it be lawfull for this Kingdome to assist him for the Recovery of the Government Or if it be not lawfull being put to it we cannot but answere in regard of the Engagement of this Kingdome by Covenant and Treaty Negative 1. Resolv'd upon the Question That the Kingdome of Scotland shall be governed as it hath been these five years last past all means being used that the King may take the Covenant and pass the Propositions 2. Resolv'd that the taking of the Scottish Covenant and passing some of the Propositions doth not give warrant to assist him against England 3. Resolv'd that upon bare taking the National Covenant we may not receive him 4. Resolv'd that the Clause in the Covenant for defence of the King's Person is to be understood in defence and safety of the Kingdomes 5. Resolv'd that the King shall not execute any power in the Kingdome of Scotland untill such time as he hath granted the Propositions concerning Religion and the Covenant and given satisfactory answer to both Kingdomes in the rest of the Propositions presented to him by both Kingdomes at Newcastle 6. Resolv'd that if His Majestie refuse to pass the Propositions he shall be disposed of according to the Covenant and Treaty 7. Resolv'd that the union be friendly kept between the Kingdomes according to the Covenant and Treaty By what hath last been instanc'd t is easy enough to be discern'd that bargain so long in driving on was by this time concluded in reference to the person of the King I mean the certain price for which the Scots did sell him which prompted them so eagerly and frequently to press his taking their Covenant and consent to those destructive Propositions which they well knew he could never do without apparent hazard to his Soul and that he had manifestly confuted the Arguments of Mr. Alexander Henderson whom they brought to convince him therein I shall therefore need to say no more of that matter then to set down the Quaeres which His Majestie delivered to the Commissioners of Scotland upon their last importuning him thereto when they threatned to deliver him up to the Parliament of England as they then called those Members at Westminster in case of his refusal It is a receiv'd opinion by many that Engagements Acts or Promises of a restrained person are neither valid nor obligatory How true or false this is I will not now dispute but I am sure if I be not free I am not fit to answer any of your Propositions wherefore you should first resolve me in what state I stand as in relation to freedome before I can give you any other Answer The Reason of this my Question the Governour can best resolve you But if you object the loss of time and urgency of it certainly in one respect it presses none so much as my self which makes me also think it necessary that I be not to seek what to do when this Garrison shall be surrendred up to demand of you in case I go into Scotland if I shall be there with Honour Freedome and Safety or How being ready to give you a farther and more particular Answer so soon as you shall have resolv'd these two Quaeres Whereunto they give this insignificant Answer 1. To the first in what state you stand as in relation to Freedome the Parliaments of both Kingdomes have given such orders and directions as they have thought fittest for the safety of your Majesty and the Kingdomes to the General and Governour 2. To your second Quaere of your going into Scotland we shall humbly desire that we may not be put to give an Answer but if your Majesty shall either deny or delay your assent to the Propositions we are in that case to represent to your Majesty the resolutions of the Parliament of England ¶ Having now done with their attempts upon His Majesty in reference to the Covenant and Propositions I come to their farther Progress for the establishing of Presbytery Wherein I am to look back a little About the latter end of August a Bill for Ordination of Ministers being the third time read in the House of Commons at Westminster and thence transmitted to the Lords not long after they received a Petition from the County of Lancaster subscribed by twelve thousand hands for setling of the Classes in those parts with the names of such as they had made choyse of and presented to the House for ordering thereof Nor were the Assembly of Divines sitting at Westminster less active who having fram'd a new Confession of Faith were hard at work in adding quotations of Scripture in the Margent of their Copies for justification thereof And that this blessed Presbytereal Government might be the more secure from danger the Houses at Westminster passed an Ordinance not onely for abolishing the name title and dignity of Arch-Bishops Bishops c. but nominated Trustees in whom their Lands should be setled Likewise for the fitter moulding this new Confession of Faith Copies thereof purposely printed were delivered to each Member of both Houses at Westminster to the end they might consider of the same and advise the better therein But notwithstanding all this holy Reformation there were some who had not onely the Conscience to adhere unto the Liturgy establisht by Law in the Church of England in their publick service of God but the Courage to prosecute those by Indictment which neglected the reading thereof in their Parish-Churches In so much as upon notice of this high presumption from Buckinghamshire an Ordinance was forthwith voted to be brought in for repealing the Statute which enjoyn'd it At which time the House also ordered that all Malignant Ministers for so were the Orthodox called should be disabled from Preaching and an Ordinance to be brought in for that purpose And though by an Order of the House of Commons Mr. Sydrach Sympson one of their Assembly of Divines and an eminent stickler for the Cause was for some opinions and expressions savouring of Independencie to have been
Dorset 55. Mr. Philip Warwick Likewise after the Lords had passed their Votes therein was not their House called to find out which of them had not given their Votes thereunto And was not Mr. Gervase Hollies Burgess for Grymesby in Lincoln-shire expelled the House for his free Speech against the Scots propositions for the altering of our Church-Government Also the Lord Digby's Speech against the Bill for the Earl of Strafford's Attainder Voted to be burnt by the common Hangman Mr. Taylor Burgess of Windsore Expell'd for speaking his mind against the same and Mr. Geffrey Palmer Burgess of Stamford Committed for speaking against the Printing of that Scandalous Declaration called the Grand-Remonstrance Were not Multitudes brought down to Westminster even to the Doors of the Parliament many of them Weaponed by the Instigation of Captain Venn then a Member of the House of Commons who by Notes under his hand Sollicited them in these expressions That the better sort were like to be over-powred by the worser And did not those tumultuous People cry loud for Iustice against the Earl of Strafford saying down with the Bishops aspersing also divers of the Peers by name for evil and Rotten-hearted Lords And notwithstanding that the Lords by several Messages desired the House of Commons to join with them in a Declaration against those Tumults did not they refuse or neglect to do it Mr. Pym plainly saying in the House God forbid we should dishearten our Friends who came to assist us And when his Majesty by a Legal Writ upon the Statute for Suppressing of Tumults setled a Guard at Westminster was it not Voted a Breach of their Priviledges Moreover was not there a Petition Exhibited to the House of Commons in the Name of many Thousands of poor People in and about the City of London taking notice of a Malignant Faction which made Abortive all their good Motions Desiring that those Noble Worthies of the House of Peers who concurred with them in their happy Votes might be earnestly desired to join with that Honourable House and to sit and Vote together as one entire Body And professing that unless some speedy Remedy were taken for the removing of all such Obstacles as hindred the happy Progress of their great endeavour the Petitioners should not rest in quietness but should be forc'd to lay hold on the next Remedy at hand to remove the Disturbers of their Peace And Want and Necessity breaking the Bounds of Modesty not to leave any means unessayed for their Relief Adding that the cry of the Poor and Needy was that such persons who were the Obstacles of their peace and the hinderers of the happy proceedings of that Parliament might be forthwith publickly declared whose removal would put a period to those Distractions Which Petition being brought up by the House of Commons unto the Lords at a conference a Member of the Commons by a Message pressed the Lords at their Barr to joyn with them in their desire about the Militia expressing That if their desire were not assented to those Lords who were willing to concur would find some means to make themselves known that it might be seen who were against them to the end they might notifie it unto those which sent them To proceed Was not the Duke of Richmond Voted by the Commons an evil Councellor to his Majesty one of the Malignant-Party and not fit to bear Office or place of Trust and that consideration should be had of drawing up a Charge against him and all this for no other than moving in the House of Lords that the Parliament might be Adjorn'd for six Months And Mr. Gamull Burgess for the City of Chester told him that if he left not the Town speedily he should be Committed to the Tower or knockt on the head by the Souldiers And when an Order was reported to be confirm'd by the House hath it not been only put to the Question without any debate thereon and publickly said in the House to those who have taken Exceptions thereat that they were only to Vote and not to Dispute Was not Sir Ralph Hopton Committed to the Tower for speaking against that Declaration of March the Second Also Serjeant Hide Voted to be Expelled and Committed to the Tower for not Publishing the Order of the House as Recorder of Salisbury And Sir Sidney Montague Expelled the House for refusing to take the Protestation to Live and Dye with the Earl of Essex Did they not Impeach and Commit divers Lords to the Tower for not Concurring with them in these their Irrational and most Unjust Doings And when it was moved that they might be Bailed was it not answered That there would be no Sitting for them if those Lords were Released and Restored to the freedom of their Votes again And when the Members of the House of Commons had upon a solemn Debate agreed to join with the Lords in sending Propositions for Peace to his Majesty were there not Printed Papers the next day scattered in the Streets and fixed upon Posts in publick places in the City and Suburbs requiring all Well-Affected persons to rise as one Man and to come to the House of Commons next Morning for that Twenty thousand Irish Rebels were Landed And was not Direction and Information given in the Pulpits by their Seditious-Preachers and in some of those Papers Exprest that the Malignant Party had over-Voted the good and if not prevented there would be Peace The Propositions for Peace the Day before being carried by twenty nine Voices Whereupon multitudes by the Instigation of Alderman Pennington came in a most tumultuous manner with Threats and Menaces to divers of the Members of both Houses and said that their Petition tooke notice of Propositions passed by the Lords for Peace which if allowed would be destructive to Religion Laws and Liberties many of them telling the Members that if they had not a good Answer they would be there the next Day with double the Number Again when it was moved that the two Sir Iohn Evelins should be Discharg'd from Prison being Members of the House and thereupon the House dividing LXXI standing for their Enlargement and LXV against it were not divers called out of the Committee-Chamber who neither heard the Debate nor Vote and because the LXXI Opposed their entrance did not the LXV prohibit the Speaker to pronounce any Order therein Lastly did not the Commons Vote that the Committee of both Kingdoms should proceed as they did for three Months longer though the Lords refused to consent thereto Many more Instances of this nature might be given but I shall for brevities sake pass them by and descend to some where the Lords after they had freely passed their Votes were by the prevalent Party in the House of Commons contrary to all course and usage in Parliament constrain'd to yield unto what they had upon free and serious
the People there 46. his Declaration 284. is beheaded 388. Haselring Sir Arthur his Motion in Parliament 465. Hampden Collonel slain 186. Hewson kills some of the Londoners 482. Conference at Hampton-Court 14. Hewit Dr. John beheaded 456. Mr. Hookers Books corrupted by the Presbyterians 38. Hotham Sir John denies the King entrance into Hull 91. He and his Son beheaded 99. Hypocrisie its Fruits 1. I. JAmes King enters into a War for the recovery of the Palatinate 20. his Death 24. Jesuites Tenets 16. Independency its Original 227. Their Tenets 281. 409. Instrument of Government read to Cromwel at his inauguration 414. K. KIneton Battel 108 109. Kentish Men petition the Parliament in behalf of the King 282. L. LAmbert routed at Daventry 487. Lambeth-house beset 62. Laud Arch-bishop beheaded 194. Holy League and Covenant 119. 121. Solemn League and covenant 128. Schismatical Lecturers planted in London and Corporate Towns 36. Buying in Impropriate Tyths for their support ibid. The absurdity and ill effects of their Doctrine 38. 95. 392. 469. 565. Leicester's Earl may to get the Bishops Lands 14. made Deputy of Ireland 71. Representation of the Ministers of Leicester-shire 471. A Loan required by King Charles I. 31. Londoners their forwardness to promote the Rebellion 99. 119. 123. 234. 286. 584. are dejected upon the approach of Fairfax 's Army 252. Iustice Long committed to the Tower 79. Certain seditious Expressions in Mr. Love 's Sermon at Uxbridge 576. M. BAttel at Marston-Moor 189. Five Members of Parliament demanded by the King 81. General Monk advances towards England 481. his Speech to the Rump Parliament 485. voted Lord General 487. his Descent and variable Fortune 488 Secluded Members re-admitted 487. N. NAmes of the secluded Members 363. of those that subscribed a Protestation against a Treaty with the King at the Isle of Wight 365. of the Persons present at the Treaty 289. of the High Court of Iustice for Trial of the King 367. of the Members who assented not to the Bill of Attainder against the Earl of Strafford 583. of Cromwels Council of State 406. of his House of Lords 455. of the Rumpers 467. of the secluded Members ibid. of the Rumper's Council of State 468. of the Committee of Safety 477. Navesby Fight 200. Newbery first Battle 187. second Battle 197. O. OAth for adjuring the King 471. taken by Members of Parliament 485. Order for raising an Army by the Parliament 98. Ordinance for the Militia 89. Ordinance for calling an Assembly of Divines 121. The Self-denying Ordinance 193. 197. Ordinance for Sale of Bishops Lands 225. Ordinance for Trial of the King 366. P. FIrst Parliament of King Charles I. 2◠dissolved 27. Second Parliament called ibid. dissolved 31. Third Parliament called 34. dissolved 35. The short Parliament called and dissolved 61. Long Parliament began 66. dissolved 487. Bill for perpetuating the Parliament 70. Their Declaration concerning the Five Members 83. Their insolent Propositions to the King after their Victory at Marston-Moore 191. Invite the Scots to their assistance 112. Their Oppressions of the People 112. 114. 124. 127. 129. 130. 131. 391. 474. House of Peers abolished 385. 389. Peters Hugh his Revelation 365. Petition of the County of Norfolk 386. of Grievances 66. for putting the Kingdom into a posture of Defence 85. for putting the Militia into the Hands of the Parliament 86. of the poor Tradesmen in London 87. Petitions for a free Parliament suppressed 482. Popish Priest slain on the Parliament side at Edge-hill Fight 564. Presbyterian Tenets 17. 400. Arts and Devices to raise Rebellion 19. Their actings against the Protestant Religion 554. against the Laws of the Land and Liberty of the Subject 577. Their Doctrine and Practise 565. Their violating the Priviledges of Parliament 582. Their averseness to Peace 588. Their practise for reducing the King to necessities 20. 238. Their Protestations and Declarations 206. Presbytery triumphant 193. 203. Plots and Conspiracies pretended by them 69. 76. 81. 90. 121. 129. Whether the Presbyterian or Independant were the chief Actors in the Murder of the King 375. Proposals of the Parliament for bringing in Money and Plate 95 96. Propositions sent to the King at New-Castle 217. Prides Purge 363. Privy Seals 27. 32. Puckering Speaker of the Commons his Speech against the Puritans 13. Puritans their Principles 10. and Discipline 11. petition King James against the Liturgy of the Church of England 14. R. THe Recognition subscribed 429. The Grand Remonstrance 71. presented to the King 78. Captain Rolfe employed by the Parliament to poison the King 285. Rumper's Declaration 466. are excluded by Lambert 477. are re-admitted 483. S. SAlmatius his Opinion touching the Murder of King Charles 377. Scots put themselves in Arms. 54. raise more Forces 58. Their first Invasion 62. Their second Invasion 189. 132. Their third Invasion 380. Their Letter to the Major c. of the City of London 214. Their Answer to the English Commissioners about delivering up the King 230. Their Letter and Declaration to the two Houses of Parliament 258. 271. Great Seal of England altered 370. Service Book sent into Scotland 42. 58. Sheriffs of London refuse to publish His Majesties Proclamation 72. Ship-money required 32. Inland Parts charged therewith 42. Sir Henry Slingsby beheaded 456. Spencer Earl of Northampton slain 118. Earl of Strafford impeached of Treason 67. his Trial and Death 68. Star-Chamber Court suppressed 70. Earl of Sunderland slain 187. T. TReaty in the Isle of Wight 689. Treaty at Rippon 65. removed to Westminster 66. Tumults at Edenburgh by reason of the Service-Book 44. in St. Pauls Cathedral 65. at Westminster 78 79 82. justified by the Parliament 90. V. VAne Sir Henry being sent into Scotland incites them to Rebellion 60. his sinister dealing with the King 61. Virgin of Hereford-shire her Revelation 367. Uxbridge Treaty 194. 291. 737. Votes of no more Addresses to the King 275. W. WAlsingham a favourer of the Sectaries 9. Walton upon Thames the Sermon of a Soldier there 390. Weever an Independent his Motion in the House of Commons 283. Winchester Cathedral defaced Worchester Cathedral defaced 558. Y. YOrk Grand Council of the Peers there 64 A CATALOGUE OF BOOKS Printed at the Theater in Oxford With several others And sold in London by Moses Pitt at the Angel against the Great North-door of St. Pauls-Church 1681. IN FOLIO BIble for Churches with Chronology and an Index The English Atlas Vol 1st containing the description of the North Pole as also Muscovy Poland Sweden and Denmark The second Vol. of the Atlas containing Germany The third Vol. containing the 17 Provinces both in the Press 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 five Pandectae Canonum S. S. Apostolorum Conciliorum ab Ecclesiâ Graecâ receptorum nec non canonicarum S. S. Patrum Epistolarum una cum Scholiis antiquorum singulis annexis Scriptis aliis huc spectantibus quorum plurima è Bibliothecae Bodleianae aliarumque MSS. codicibus nunc primum edita
the Almighty's providence and protection began his march from Shrewsbury upon the xijth of October Which was no sooner known but that they feircely pursued him having order for that purpose from the Houses at Westminster to march against his Majesties Army and fight with them and to rescue the persons of the King Prince and Duke of York So that on Sunday the xxiijth of October being in view of the King's forces they put their Army in order near Kineton in Warwickshire and bid his Majesty Battel by a signal thereof given with their great Ordinance wherewith they made five shot at his Army before any fire was given on the other part But then began a sharp encounter which continued near three hours Wherein God so preserv'd his Majesty that instead of being utterly destroy'd by these violent Rebels who reckoned all their own their invincible Army as they esteem'd it was so bruis'd and shattered that instead of farther pursuing the King it retreated eight miles backwards where the Souldiers secur'd themselves many days by the advantage of the River Avon under the protection of the Town and Castle of Warwick Of which Battel I purposely omit the Description Nor shall I herein make any farther mention of the course of this war it being a work fit to be handled by it self by some more able pen than in a breif Chronologick way to point at the times of the most memorable Battels and Seiges as also to the Towns Castles and other fortified Places first possess'd or afterwards forcibly gained by either party But instead thereof shall observe the wonderful providence of Almighty God whereby notwithstanding these matchless Conspirators who had by so many subtile artifices arrived to that strength and power and made seizure of his Majesties Forts Ports Navy Magazine and Revenue insomuch as the Lord Say in a publick meeting at Oxford of the Gentry and others thither summon'd by him in September preceding told them upon his Honour that the King had neither Money Power nor Credit his Subjects every where being also not a little tainted with the most Antimonarchical principles that by their seditious Preachers or otherwise could possibly be infused into them Yet that in the space of two months he could be enabled to meet them in open Battel having no Amunition but what came to him from Forreign parts through many perillous adventures the Ports being block'd up by his own Royal Navy then under their command nor having Arms or Moneys but what he obtained by extraordinary difficulties From this day forward purposing to make some brief Remarks upon the ensuing practises of these monstrous men in carrying on that barbarous war to the great devastation and spoil of this late flourishing Kingdom And to shew how opposite all their Actions were to those plausible pretences whereby they did at first most subtilly delude and ensnare a multitude of well-meaning people viz. Religion Laws Liberty and property of the Subject as also Priviledge of Parliament CHAP. XIII TO the end therefore that their party might not be disheartened they always took care not only to suppress any bad tidings but to puff up the people with strange imaginations of Victories and Conquests by producing of forged Letters counterfeit Messengers and the like as was manifest by their commitment of sundry persons to prison which came from Kineton-Battel and reported the very truth of the King's success there viz. Captain Wilson Lieutenant Witney and Mr. Banks who were all sent to the Gate-honse to receive punishment by Martial-Law As also one Mr. Iohn Wentworth of Lincolns-Inne and Sir William Fielding Knight giving twenty pounds to one man by order of the House who came and reported that most that were kill'd in the Battel were of the King's side and that the Earl of Essex commanded him to tell his friends that he with his own hands carried away the King's Standard But to undecieve the world as to the number on both sides slain which were then confidently given out to be five thousand most certain it is that upon strict enquiry from the adjacent Inhabitants who buried the Bodies and took particular notice of the distinct numbers put into each Grave it appears that there were not one thousand complete there interred As the remaining part of the Parliament-Army after this Battel finding not themselves in a condition to encounter the King again without new Recruits and therefore made a fair retreat no less than eight miles backward as hath been observed so did some of them before the fight standing doubtful of the success forbear to adventure themselves therein amongst which the afterfamous Oliver Cromwell was one if some of the most eminent persons of his own party who were in the fight bely him not who being Captain of a Troop of Horse in the General 's Regiment came not into the Field but got up into a Steeple within view of the Battel and there discerning by a Prospective-glass the two Wings of their Horse to be utterly routed made such hast to be gone that instead of descending the Stairs by which he came up he swing'd down by a Bell-rope and ran away with his Troop The King soon after holding a soft march towards Oxford Banbury-Castle then garrisoned by the late Earl of Peterborough's Regiment of Foot and Broughton-house the cheif Seat of that great Rebel the Lord Sa yielded upon Summons as he passed But the Rebels that they might not seem to receive a foil in this first great Action the Citizens of London were summon'd to Guild-Hall where the Earls of Pembroke and Holland the Lord Say and Wharton with Mr. Strode made large Speeches to hearten them telling their great Victory at Kineton Battel But the conclusion was to crown their work as their phrase was by farther and speedy Supplies of Men Money and all other assistance To which shadow of their victory to give the better gloss a public Order was made that a gratulatory Present of five hundred pounds should be sent from the Houses to the Earl of Essex for his good service already done in the war And lest any of the deluded people should return to their obedience upon his Majesties gracious Proclamation of pardon they ordered that those Proclamations should not be published But though all these Rebellious forces were hitherto rais'd by voluntary contributions and free offers of many to engage themselves personally in this blessed Cause most of the common sort being really satisfied that they should only go and fetch up the King to his Parliament out of the hands of his Evil Counsellers and a few inconsiderable Cavaliers for by that name they call'd all the Royalists and then return triumphantly without fighting this unexpected brush at Kineton-field could not silence those who had lost their Husbands Children and Friends Seeing therefore their farther Voluntary assistances came in but slowly the Houses at Westminster made an Order
Laws and Liberty of the Subject to establish Popery and to set up an arbitrary Government for prevention whereof both Houses and the whole Realm should enter into a solemn Covenant never to lay down Arms so long as the Popish-party for so they called the King's forces were on foot and Papists and Delinquents protected from the Justice of the Parliament but to assist the Forces rais'd by authority of the two Houses of Parliament against the Forces rais'd by the King Which solemn Oath and Covenant thus drawn up was then taken by both Houses and within ten days following throughout all the Parishes of London And because the poor Country-people might throughout England be all caught upon one day they passed an Order of both Houses that a Public Thanksgiving should be made throughout the whole Kingdom on Thursday the thirteenth of Iuly following for the discovery of the late Plot at which time this Oath and Covenant should be tendred to every man in the several Parishes Also to secure the Pulpit-men the more cordially to them and to make them the more active in stirring up the people upon all occasions they made an Ordinance for calling an Assembly of Divines in order to the setting up of the Presbyterian Government Which Assembly was to consist of ten of the House of Lords and twenty of the House of Commons whose names are therein express'd and the rest Ministers all of the Presbyterian gang excepting three or four whom though for the more credit of that Convention they nominated there was little reason to expect any of their company The Preamble of which Ordinance runs thus Whereas amongst the infinite blessings of Almighty God upon this Nation none is or can be more dear unto us then the purity of our Religion And for that as yet many things remain in the Liturgy Discipline and Government of the Church which do necessarily require a farther and more perfect Reformation than as yet hath been attained And whereas it hath been declared and resolved by the Lords and Commons assembled in Parliament that the present Church-government by Arch-Bishops Bishops their Chancellours Commissaries Deans Deans and Chapters Arch-Deacons and other Eccleastical Officers depending upon the Hierarchy is justly offensive and burthensome to the Kingdom a great impediment to Reformation and growth of Religion and very prejudicial to the State and Government of this Kingdom and that therefore they are resolved that the same shall be taken away and that such a Government shall be setled in the Church as may be most agreeable to God's holy word and most apt to procure and preserve the peace of the Church at home and neerer agreement with the Church of Scotland and other reformed Churches abroad c. be it ordained c. 'T was no marvail indeed that they at Westminster bestir'd themselves so hard for by this time the success of his Majesties Armies was such that he had by God's blessing regained the greatest part of the North and West parts of this Realm and did daily so increase in strength that to uphold their Cause they bethought themselves of calling in their Brethren the Scots for aid Wherefore having prepared a Declaration to discover another dangerous Plot to extirpate the Protestant Religion in England Ireland and Scotland they agreed that some of their Members viz. the Lork Grey of Wark Sir William Ayrmia and Mr. Darley should go into Scotland to desire help from thence and prepare Instructions for them with Letters of Credence with promise that they should have allowance for the charge of such forces as they should send and that the debts they already owed them should be paid out of the lands of the Papists and Prelatical party in Northumberland Cumberland and Bishoprick of Durham Which Commissioners did accordingly set forwards upon the xxith of Iuly But about this time the Earl of Essex their General made complaint to them by Letters for want of Horse Arms c. and proposed to them a Treaty for peace Whereunto answer was soon made by the resolution of their House of Commons who debated the same that by their late Vow and Covenant they had bound themselves never to lay down Arms so long as the Papists for so they call'd the King's forces which were then in Arms against them should have protection from the Justice of the Parliament sending him word that they would recruit his Troops according to his desire And to complement their Western General Sir William Waller whose heartiness to the Cause suted so well with theirs they ordered five thousand pounds to be sent down to him and given as a Largess to his Souldiers the more to encourage them in that service But the certain charge of their Rebellious Armies did so vastly increase as was truly foretold by Mr. Green Chairman to their Committee for the Navy upon the sixth of December before viz. that the maintenance of the Lord General 's Army would for the ensuing year amount to above a million of Money that of the Navy having been two hundred and forty thousand pounds for the year passed and that without delay they must of necessity settle a round and constant Tax for maintenance thereof they therefore passed an Ordinance for Excise or new Impost upon Wine Beer Ale Cider Perry Raisins Figs Currans Sugar Spices wrought and raw Silks Furrs Hats Laces Lether Linnen of all sorts Thread Wier c. and for sweetning its relish with the people gave it out that part of its income should pay Debts for which the Public faith was engaged Moreover to raise men as well as money their Western-Army being then destroy'd at Round-way-down the Citizens had a meeting at Grocer's Hall where they made new Subscriptions to set up Sir William Waller again For the better furthering whereof there were new Petitions framed from London Westminster and Southwark and presented to the House of Commons that all the Kingdom might rise as one man against the Common Enemy and that the Parliament would give power to a Committee to list so many of the Petitioners as were willing to go out in their own persons as also to take the Subscriptions of others for the raising a considerable Body of Horse and Foot and that the like course might be taken throughout the Kingdom by a confiding Committee In pursuance whereof both Houses made an Ordinance for raising seven thousand Horse in London Middlesex and the Counties adjacent to be commanded by the Lord Kymbolton afterwards Earl of Manchester and of Eleven hundred Horse in the Counties of Bedford Buckingham Northampton and Hertford to be commanded by Sir Iohn Norwich In Norfolk and Suffolk Eleven hundred by Sir Miles Hobart in Surrey Sussex Southampton and Berkshire fourteen hundred by Colonel Richard Norton And all these thus to be rais'd to resist the Insolencies of the King's Army Certain it is
go out of the line of Communication yet now that they were rais'd they meaning the Parliament might dispose of them whether they pleased without asking their consents And whereas the first Ordinance for Excise was but only for maintenance of the Army and paiment of Debts due by the Common-wealth they passed another wherein was a consideration added for securing of Trade which occasioned the enlargement thereof upon such Commodities as had not been formerly tax'd besides an alteration of the rates Which Commodities were Strong-waters Medicinal-Drugs Haberdashers-ware Vpholsters ware Salt Sallets Sope all sorts of Woollen-cloth Paper Skins and Glasses Having also thus taught the new Auxiliaries the force of an Ordinance of Parliament they passed another for the pressing of five thousand men in the Cities of London and Westminster with the Counties adjacent to go under the command of Sir William Waller And to hasten on the march of their Brethren the Scots to their aid and assistance the Members of the House of Commons with great formality and no less seeming devotion entred into that unhappy Combination called the solemn League and Covenant so fram'd in Scotland in St. Margarets-Church at Westminster Which under the specious veil of Reformation was that fatal Engine whereby not only the Hierarchy in the Church was by them soon after destroyed and the patrimony thereof with the Lands and Revenues of the Crown swallow'd up by those pretenders to Godliness but the sacred Person of the King most inhumanly murthered and this ancient and long flourishing Monarchy so far as 't was in their power wholly subverted and destroy'd as to the whole world is most notorious In the Preamble whereunto they had the confidence to say that this their League and Covenant was according to the commendable practise of these Kingdoms and the Example of God's people in other Nations Whereas there is not only no mention of any such things by our Historiographers nor in the History of any other Realm that I have ever seen excepting that of the Holy League in France whereof I shall take farther notice ere I finish this work but Mr. Philip Nye one of their mighty Champions for the Cause and an especial assertor of this Covenant hath expresly affirmed in print that it is such an Oath as for matter persons and other circumstances the like hath not been in any age or Oath we read of in sacred or humane stories And it is also observable that whereas in the Preamble they farther affirm that they did it to preserve themselves and their Religion which must needs be intended the known Religion publickly profess'd and by Law establish'd in the Church of England from ruine and destruction they immediatly vow to reform Religion here in England according to the pattern of the Kirk of Scotland and to extirpate Episcopacy and all Ecclesiastical Offices depending thereon Notwithstanding they knew full well First that the King was by his Coronation Oath sworn to maintain and defend the Bishops and the Churches under their charge Secondly that all the Clergy of England had testified their approbation of Episcopal Government by personal Subscriptions thereto and thirdly that by a solemn Protestation made and framed by themselves in that very Parliament and recommended by them to be taken by all the people of England they had oblig'd themselves neither for hope nor fear or other respect to relinquish the true Protestant Religion express'd in the Doctrine of the Church of England But all this Pageantry in their thus taking of that solemn League and Covenant could not allay the loud clamours of the people occasion'd by the great pressures and daily exactions under which they miserably groaned the Members therefore were constrain'd to betake themselves to another way for the easing them at least in shew and this was by an Ordinance for selling the King's Queen's and Princes revenues and the arrearages thereof as also to another for felling and cutting down Woods within sixty miles of London in all Forests Chases and Parks belonging to the King or Queen or any Arch-bishop Bishop Dean and Chapter c. Papist Delinquent Malignant c. to be disposed of for supply of the City of London Which seeming favour was for no other purpose than that they might afterwards bring the greater load upon them as they did ere long For within few days upon a jugling Report made to the House of a Pope's Bull translated into English with a Declaration upon it which was pretended to be newly sent into England for the more effectual prosecuting of the Catholic war here a Committee of the House of Commons and of the Assembly of Divines came to a Common-Hall in London to consult with the Citizens for the speedy raising of an hundred thousand pounds for the advance of the Scottish Army to be lent for that service and repay'd when moneys were procured from forreign parts upon the public faith of both Kingdoms And to obtain more men as well as money there issued out another Order that the Committee for the Militia or London should have power to appoint six Regiments of their Trained-Bands and one of their Auxiliaries as also one Regiment of Horse and Dragoons to march out with their Commanders and joyn with the Earl of Essex's Forces Likewise an Ordinance for the pressing of five thousand Souldiers more to be sent to the Islands of Ieresey and Garnsey under the command of the Earl of Warwick those Trained-Bands being appointed to meet in St. Iames Fields and from thence to march unto such place as the Earl of Essex or his Officers should appoint and in default thereof their Shops to be shut up themselves depriv'd of Trade and liable to expulsion out of the lines of Communication And about the same time they passed another Ordinance for assessing the Twenty fifth part upon all Members of Parliament who then were either in the King's Army or otherwise absent their estates to be let in case of not paiment And having lately sped so well upon credit of the public faith they adventured again upon the same security recommending to the Counties of Norfolk Suffolk Essex and Lincoln with the City of Norwich the aid of the Lord Fairfax in Men Money Plate Horse and Amunition passing an Ordinance for repaiment of what should be lent for the speedy bringing in of the Scots to their assistance and securing it in the mean time by the before-mention'd public faith But the reputation of the public faith was now grown so low that moneys came not in either quick enough or in such large sums as were expected it being left arbitrary to the Creditors what they would lend another Ordinance therefore was passed for raising the full sum of sixty six thousand six hundred sixty six pounds thirteen shillings four pence within the Cities of London and Westminster with the Counties of Hertford Bedferd Middlesex Essex Suffolk
that the eight weeks pay voted was not a considerable part thereof Next that no visible security was given for what should not then be payd Thirdly that nothing was done for their Vindication and that having been declared Enemies and sent home they might be proceeded against as Enemies unless that Declaration against the Army of March the XIIIth was recalled and therefore they petitioned the General for a publick Rendevouz whereat their Grievances might be represented Whereupon intimation was given that these things considered there would be a necessity for the officers complyance with the Souldiers lest that Rendevouz should otherwise prove tumultuous and destructive to the Kingdome In which petition considering the late Order for disbanding without redressing their Grievances or vindicating the Army or calling such persons to accompt who had been Intenders or Contrivers of their destruction they desired that he would speedily appoint a general Rendevouz and to use his utmost endeavour that they might not be disbanded before their sad and pressing greivances were heard and fully redressed Which Petition being communicated by the General to the two Houses at Westminster did so startle their High and Mightynesses there that they forthwith ordered to the common Souldiers all their Arrears deducting free Quarter according to the usual Rules of the Army Also that the subordinate officers should have the like and the Commission-officers one months pay more added to the two formerly voted Likewise that the Declaration against the Army before mentioned should be rased out of the Journals of both Houses which was done accordingly And that there should be an Ordinance drawn up for their farther satisfaction in point of Indempnity with an Ordinance oblivion to boot CHAP. XXIII BUT this Psalm of Placebo then tuned by the Members at Westminster did no whit charm the evil Spirit which was conjur'd up by the Grandees of the Army amongst the common Souldiers Who well knowing how perfidious those Ring-leaders of the Rebellion had been to their Leige-lord the King concluded that they would approve themselves as faithless to them when ever it should lye in their power And therefore not daring to trust their faire words they forthwith dispatcht away a party of a thousand Horse to Holdenby under the command of one Ioyce a Cornet but formerly a Godly Taylor who arriving there upon Thursday in the night being the third of Iune and having secured the Guards under which the King was then kept took away His Majesty the next day to Hinchinbrooke near Huntington Which News so astonisht the great men at Westminster that having had no small experience of many signal advantages by their counterfeit Humiliations and Mock-fasts they herein fell to their old practice in that kind once more appointing Wednesday the sixth of Iune for that purpose to the end as their usual canting expressions were that God would be pleased to give them one Heart and one mind in carrying on the great work of the Lord. Whereupon their famous Stephen Marshall who was Presbyterianorum ante-signanus the Bell-wether of that blessed flock with Mr. Strong and Mr. Whitakers zealous men of the same stamp were then appointed to pray and preach with the Members in their own House of Commons upon that day the Lords according to the example of the Commons appointing others as devout to do the like in theirs And to court the Souldiers yet more they passed an additional Ordinance to save them harmless by an Act of Oblivion and Pardon for all things done in the time of War Nay into such a terror were they then stricken that in order to the laying of this evil-Spirit in the Army so conjur'd up by the Independent Grandees there they did according to their old wont set on foot a Petition in the City of London which being sign'd by thousands of the Presbyterean-Heard was brought to the House of Commons by the Sheriffs accompanyed by divers Aldermen and others desiring that all honourable ways and means might be used for to prevent the farther shedding of bloud and that all just satisfaction might be given to the Army and all other Souldiers who had adventured their lives for defence of the Parliament and Kingdome Likewise that the Covenant and Agreement of both Nations might be kept and His Majestie 's royall person preserved and so disposed of that the Parliaments of both Kingdomes might have access unto him c. Whereupon the House Voted that an Ordinance should be speedily brought in according to the desires of the Petitioners And the same day they passed a Declaration for making void their former Declaration of the xiijth of March concerning the Army And farther to shew how firm they yet stood to their old Presbyterean-principles and the Covenant in order to a blessed Reformation which was for the extirpating the Religion by Law establisht in the Church of England they passed an Ordinance entituled An Ordinance for recreation of Scholars Apprentices and Servants Whereby abrogating those ancient Festivals of the Nativity of our blessed Saviour Easter Whitsontide and all other Holy-days which had been as their sayd Ordinance expressed before that time superstitiously observed they did insted thereof allow them the second Thursday in every month throughout the year for their Recreation ¶ There is nothing more certain than that at this time there was so great a terrour upon the Presbyterean-Grandees sitting at Westminster by reason that the Army had gotten the person of the King into their hands that they left no likely means unessayed to reconcile the two Interests viz. the Presbyterean then predominant in the Parliament and Independent in the Army whereof to give particular instances would be too tedious Nor is it less true that Cromwell who all this while sitting at Westminster and by his trusty confidents called Agitators actuating the Army did put them upon all those practises and the more to fool his fellow-members did with the greatest asseverations imaginable confidently profess his dislike of the Souldiers refractoriness assuring the House that if he might have leave to go down to the Army he would undertake they should submit and lay down their Arms at the Parliament door Which vain hope did then so far dote most of the Members that some of them said publickly that having done such glorious things for the Parliament as a chief Commander in the Army and now that he would qualify the Souldiers in this their desperate mutiny he deserved to have a Statue in Gold But having by this artifice obtain'd liberty to get away when he came to the Rendevouz at Triplo-Heath he did not onely approve of all that they had done but openly joyn'd with them in all their bold Engagements Declarations Remonstrances and Manifestos saying to some in private that now he had got the King into his Hands he had the Parliament in his Pocket but protested his ignorance of the design adding
make him increase his plagues upon us and to punish us seven times more because we continue to walk contrary unto him 2. That the Lord's hand is still stretched out against us in the Iudgment of the Pestilence which spreads not onely in several parts of the Country but continueth and increaseth in many of the most eminent Cities of the Kingdome 3. The great danger that threatens Religion and the work of Reformation in these Kingdomes for the number power and policy of the Secretaries in England which are like not onely to interupt the progress of uniformity and the establishment of the Ordinances of God in their beauty and perfection but to overturn the foundation already laid and all that hath been built thereupon with the expence of so much bloud and pains And therefore we are earnestly to pray to the Lord that the solemn League and Covenant may be kept fast and inviolable notwithstanding all the purposes and endeavours of open Enemies and secret underminigs to the contrary We are to intreat the Lord on the behalf of the King's Majesty that he may be reconcil'd to God and that he may be now furnished with wisdome and councill from above that he be not involved in new snares to the endangering of himself and these Kingdomes but that his Heart may incline to such resolutions as will contribute for setling of Religion and Righteousness We are also to intreat the Lord on the behalf of the Parliament of England of the Synod of Divines and of all such in that Land as do unfeignedly mind the work of God that they may not be discouraged nor swerve in the day of temptation but that every of them in their Stations and according to their places and callings may be furnished with Light and Strength from Heaven for doing of their duty with faithfulness and zeal We are to supplicate for direction to our Committee of Estates that they may discern the times and know what is fitting to be done for securing our selves and encouraging our Brethren We are to pray for a Spirit of Light of Love unto our Assembly that they may be instrumental in preserving Truth and advancing Holiness amongst our selves and for carrying on the work of God amongst our Neighbours That the Lord would pour out upon all sorts of persons in these Kingdomes a Spirit of Grace and Supplication that it may repent us of all our Iniquities and that we may be reconcil'd unto the Lord that so all tokens of his wrath may be removed from amongst us and he may bless us with the sweet fruits of Truth and Peace It cannot easily be thought but that the Scots did somewhat more than fast and pray considering the desperate condition wherein their Covenanting-Brethren especially at Westminster and in London then stood and that the great work of Reformation as they call'd it lay in such hazard But at such a distance what more could soon be expected than that they should by the help of the zealous Preachers earnestly incite the Covenanters in London to bestir themselves and put more courage into those drooping Members who after the late purge were then left in the House which for certain they under-hand in some sort did and were like enough above board to have done much more considering that by an Ordinance of May the 4th then past the Militia of that great City was established in the hands of such persons as were nominated by the Lord Mayor Aldermen and Common-Council there To secure themselves therefore against this iminent danger the Army were necessitated by picking a quarrel with the City to wrest the Militia out of their hands and then totally to cleanse the House at Westminster of the remaining Presbyterean-humour by a stronger purge then it formerly had In order whereunto there was a Letter forthwith sent from General Fairfax and the Army together with a Remonstrance to the Houses at Westminster demanding the Militia of the City to be put into their Hands Whereupon the House of Commons tamely and readily voted the repealing of that Ordinance of May the 4th and presently passed a new Ordinance for reviving the old Militia and transmitted it to the Lords Which unexpected change caused the City to meet in Common-Council and to resolve of Petitioning the Parliament again therein within two days following And so they did by their Sheriffs and some of the Common-Council But to second this Petition there followed them within three hours some thousands of Apprentices and other stout fellows with another Petition whereby they claim'd the Militia as the Citie 's Birthright by sundry Charters confirm'd in former Parliaments for defence whereof they alledg'd that they had adventured their Lives as far as the Army and thereupon desired that the Militia might be put again into the same Hands in which it was put with the Parliament and Citie 's consent upon the 4th of May. And this they did in so tumultuous a fashion that the Lords who were then but seven in number presently granted it And having so done and sent it to the Commons slipping out by a postern went themselves away by water But the Commons having no mind to displease the Army refus'd to do the like and angrily bad the Apprentices to be gone intending to rise and adjourn themselves Which purpose of theirs being discern'd by those youngsters was by them soon prevented by shutting up their doors and peremptorily requiring their complyance with the Lords The Commons therefore seeing themselves in this streight did at length with much unwillingness yeild to the importunity of these their bold Suitors and not onely so but were by them forc't to pass a farther vote which was that the King should be admitted to come to London to treat But this uproar being made known to the Grandees of the Army the greatest advantage imaginable was made thereof For the confiding Members being thereupon sent for to the Army fled to the Head-Quarters at Windsore within three days after the Speaker also bearing them Company who having cousened the State of vast sums of Money was threatned with an Impeachment if he did not come with them Of the House of Commons that so fled to the Army the number was said to be above fourty and of the Lords which came after the names were these viz. the Earls of Northumberland Warwick Manchester Salisbury Kent Moulgrave the Viscount Say and Sele the Lords Grey of Warke Wharton and Howard of Escrick Of the House of Lords that stay'd the Lord Willoughby of Parham was made Speaker But of the Commons there was about one hundred and fourty who coming to the House and missing their old Speaker and the Serjeant at Mace which usually attended chose Mr. Henry Pelham to be their new Speaker and another Serjeant to attend him Which number being all of the old Covenanting flock and yet not further illuminated proceeded to doe and act as a Parliament first
to Moral Honesty but wholly guided by those whimsical Fantasies which were by their Ring-leaders called the Revelations and Inspirations of God's Holy Spirit it was referred to a Committee to consider of a way for the Raising of Pensions and allowances out of Deans and Chapters Lands to maintain certain Itinerant Preachers who were Authorized to go up and down and spread abroad their Antimonarchical Doctrine whereby the Rabble might be set up and comply with the Souldiery against the Nobility and Gentry Clergy Lawyers and all orderly Government But upon better consideration fearing that the Liberty might in time overwhelm them with confusion and give such a countenance to the Levellers of whose help they had made no small use for the King's Destruction as would bring upon them inevitable ruine Cromwel moved in their Parliament that the Presbyterian Government might be setled promising his endeavours thereto and that the secured and secluded Members might be again invited to return into the House They likewise imploy'd divers of their Preachers of which Mr. Marshal Mr. Nye Mr. Carrel Mr. Goodwyn and Hugh Peters were the chief to cajole others of their own Coat together with the Citizens and expulsed Members with certain Discourses and Proposals telling them that the Presbyterians did differ with the King in point of Civil Interest which was much more irreconcileable than the Interest of Church Government whatsoever shew was made to the contrary Also that it was the Presbyterians who first made War against the late King brought him low and prepared him to receive his deadly blow from the Independants and therefore that the King would look upon them as equally Guilty with the Independants and endeavour equally to cut them off their design being thereby to cast the Presbyterians into utter despair and so to bring them in point of self Preservation to joyn with their Interests for common defence And to carry on their work with the more shew of Sanctity they ordered that a strict Fast should be kept to humble themselves and implore God's Forgiveness for the Ingratitude of the People who did not sufficiently acknowledge with Thankfulness Gods Great Mercies upon this Land in Freeing them from Monarchy and bestowing Liberty upon them by changing Kingly Government into a Free State or Republick To sweeten likewise the affections of the Vulgar towards them they made most specious pretences of paying all the publick Debts and raising Three Hundred thousand Pounds for supplying the necessities of the Common-wealth as they term'd it without any charge or burthen to the people and to that end passed an Act for abolishing all Deans and Chapters and for sale of their Lands And the better to fortifie themselves and their Usurped Dominion they fram'd another Act whereby they declared certain particulars to be Treason viz. 1. If any man should maliciously affirm their present Government to be Tyrannical usurped or unlawful or that the Commons in Parliament were not the Supream Authority of the Nation or that should endeavour to alter that their Government 2. If any should affirm their Council of State or Parliament to be Tyrannical or unlawful or endeavour to Subvert them or stir up Sedition against them 3. For any Souldiers of their Army to contrive the death of the General or Lieutenant General or endeavour to Raise Mutinies in the Army or to Levy War against the Parliament or to joyn with any to Invade England or Ireland to Counterfeit their Great Seal or kill any Member of their Parliament or any Judge or Minister of Justice in their duty Soon after this they framed and passed another Act declaring England with all the Dominions and Territories thereto belonging to be a Free State and to be Governed by the Representatives of the People in Parliament without any King or House of Lords Which Act was Proclaimed in the City of London by Alderman Andrews then Lord Mayor Alderman Pennington Wollaston Fowkes Kenrick Byde Edmunds Pack Bateman Atkins Viner Avery Wilson Dethick Foote then attending him The Londoners being by that time brought unto so much Vassalage by these insolent Regicides as that in obedience to a Vote made by their servile Parliament they were constrain'd to invite that wicked Conclave to a Thanksgiving Dinner whereat all of them were to rejoyce together for bringing the Grand Delinquent to punishment that is to say for the Murther of the King for the greater honour of that day the Lord Mayor met the Speaker and the other Members of Parliament at Temple-Bar and there resigning the Sword to him received it again and carryed it before him to Christs Church Whence after a Canting Sermon he conducted them to Grocers-Hall and entertain'd them in the quality of a Free State the Cooks having every one of them an Oath to prepare for those Saints nothing but wholsome Food Being therefore thus seeming firmly setled in their Tyrannical Dominion they went on in passing sundry other Acts in their Pseudo-Parliament of which the Ruling Grandees had the chief benefit viz. 1. To encourage the Purchasers of Deans and Chapters Lands by the sale of them at Ten years Purchase in case of ready Money or doubling what was due to those as should so purchase 2. Another for the sale of the Goods and Personal Estate of the King Queen and Prince 3. A Third for sale of the Crown Lands with particular Instructions to sell them at Thirteen years purchase 4. Soon after this they passed another Act for Coyning of new Money with direction for the form of the stamp to be thereon 5. Another declaring what Offences should be thenceforth adjudged Treason viz. to express or publish their Government to be Tyrannical or that the Commons in Parliament were not the Supream Authority 6. And for the quicker riddance of Deans and Chapters Lands they added farther Power and Instructions to the Trustees for the sale of them 7. Next to reward their Bloody President Bradshaw who gave Judgment of Death upon the King they passed another Act for settling Two thousand pounds per annum upon him And that there might be a known mark of distinction betwixt themselves and others they passed an Act for the Subscribing an Engagement whereby every man should promise to be true and Faithful to the Government then established without a King or House of Lords or in case of refusal to have no benefit of the Laws But the Crown-lands so doom'd to be sold went but slowly off they therefore passed another Act to constitute a Committee to remove obstructions in the sale of them Nor was all this sufficient to satisfie their greedy appetites or was evident enough from the aim they had to devour all the Gleabe and Tithes throughout the whole Kingdom To which purpose they passed an Act whereby they nominated certain Commissioners to receive and dispose of all Rents Issues and profits of all Rectories
Government CHAP. XXXVI ALL things being accordingly ready in order thereto upon the Sixteenth of December and about One of the Clock that day Five Regiments of Foot and Three of Horse were drawn out as a Guard from White-Hall to Westminster-Hall whereof one viz. Colonel Goffs was placed within the Precincts of the Hall This being done Cromwel with the Captain of his Guard and some few others passed through these Bands of Souldiers to the Door of Westminster-Hall Where alighting from his Coach there proceeded First the City Marshals Then the Aldermen of London in Scarlet After them the Judges all except their Chief-Justice Rolls Next the Two Keepers of their Great Seal Keble and L'isle Then Four Serjeants at Armes with Maces viz. the Parliament Mace the City Mace the Council of State 's Mace and the Lord Keeper's Mace After thses the Lord Mayor's Sword-bearer with the Cap of Maintenance and Sword but the Sword not Erected Then the Lord Mayor And next to him Cromwel himself in a Black Sute and Cloak Lined with Velvet Boots and a Gold Hatband all bare headed And after him the Principal Officers of the Army and Council of State In which manner they proceeded to the Chancery-Court where a Rich Chair of State was set with a large Cusheon and Carpets on the Floor Being ascended into the court Cromwel standing before the Chair with the Two Keepers and Judges on each hand of him Major General Lambert declaring to him the Dissolution of the Parliament and exigency of the times did in the name of the Army and of the Three Nations desire him to accept of the Protectorship of them Whereunto he assenting a large Instrument extending to a whole skin of Velome was read to him which contained the form of his Government and somewhat called an Oath at which he lifted up his Right Hand and Eyes and assented thereto Then did the Lord Mayor present the Sword to him and the Keepers the Seal Both which he delivered back to them respectively This being done a Common Souldier Seconded with about Twenty more cryed aloud God Bless the Lord Protector of the Common-wealth of England Scotland and Ireland After which there was a General shout made by the Souldiers throughout the Hall and after a little pause the like twice more Then he went back to White-Hall the Lord Mayor carrying the Sword upright before him the Protector having his Hat on After which in the Evening were several Vollies of small shot and some great with Ringing of Bells The Tenor of which Instrument was as followeth viz. That the Supream Legislative Authority should be in a Single Person and the People in Parliament but the Administration thereof to be left to the Lord Protector and to his Council whereof the number was not to be above Twenty and One. That all Charters Patents Writs and Commissions should be passed by the Protector All Power of Magistracy Honours and Titles to be derived from him Likewise the Pardon of all Offences excepting Treason and Murther He also to have the Administration of all things with the Advice of his Council and according to the Tenor of this Instrument That the Militia Sitting the Parliament should be in the disposal of the Protector and the Parliament but in the Intervals in the Protector and his Council The Power also of making Peace and War with Forreign Princes to be in the Protector and his Council but he to have no Authority of Repealing or making any Laws without the consent of Parliament That the Parliament should be called before the end of Six Months then next ensuing and afterwards once in Three Years or oftner if need require and that it should not be in the Protector 's Power to Dissolve the same for the First Five Months without the consent of the House That the Number of Members for England should consist of full Four hundred Elected according to an equal distribution For Scotland Thirty and for Ireland the like Number the number for each County and City to be also assgned That the Calling of such Parliament should be under the Seal of the Common-wealth by Writs to the Sheriff in the Protector 's Name But if the Protector should not call the same within the times limited the Chancellor then to do it under the Penalty of High Treason and if he should fail therein then that the Sheriffs should perform it And after such Election should be made to be transmitted by the Chief Magistrate by Indenture to the Chancellor Signel with his Hand Twenty days before the Sitting of the same Parliament Also if the Sheriff or Mayor should make a false Return that he be Fined in Two thousand Marks That none should be capable to Elect who had ever born Armes against the Parliament or been Actors in the Irish Rebellion Nor that any Papist should ever be capable to give his Voice And that all Elections against these Rules should be void and the transgressors Fined at Two Years value of their Revenues and third part of their Goods That no Person under the Age of One and twenty years should be capable of being Elected nor any other than of known credit fearing God and of good behaviour No man likewise to have power of Electing whose Estate should not be worth Twenty Pound per annum Sterling That the Return of the Persons Elected should be transmitted by the Prothonotary in Chancery unto the Council of State within two days after they should come to his hands to the end that judgment might be made of the Persons if any question should arise touching the lawfulness of the choice That Sixty Members should be accounted a Parliament in case the rest be absent Nevertheless that it should be lawful to the Protector to call a Parliament when he should see cause That the Bills agreed on in Parliament should be presented to the Protector for his assent thereto and if he should not give his assent to them within twenty days that then they should have the force of Laws without it That if any Councellor of State should dye or be outed of his place for corruption in the Intervals of Parliament the Protector with the rest of the Councel to substitute another in his stead That a certain annual Tax shouldbe made throughout the There Common-wealths for the maintenance of Ten thousand Horse and Fifteen thousand Foot which Tax should also supply the charge of the Navy and that this rate should not be lessened or altered by the Parliament without the consent of the Protector and his Council But if it should not be thought necessary hereafter that any Army should be maintained then whatsoever surplusage of this Tax should be to be kept in the Treasury for sudden Emergencies That if there might happen to be occasion of making extraordinary choices and to Raise new Forces it should not be done without consent of Parliament but that in the Intervals of Parliament it should be lawful for the
not sate therein since the year 1648. and had not subscribed the Engagement in the Roll of that House should not sit there till farther Order by the Parliament And by a general Vote declared That all such as were to be imployed in any place of Trust or Power in the Common-Wealth should be able for the discharge of such Trust and that they should be persons fearing God and who had given testimony to all the people of God of their faithfulness to that Common-Wealth according to the Declaration of Parliament of May the 7 th proceeding also in the Election of these whose names are here added for a Council of State Sir Arthur Haselrigg Sir Henry Vane Colonel Ludlow Colonel Iohn Iones Colonel Sydenham Thomas Scott Major Saloway General Fleetwood Sir Iames Harrington Colonel Walton Mr. Henry Nevil Mr. Thomas Chaloner Mr. Downes Bulstrod Whitlock Herbert Mortley Mr. Sidney Colonel Thompson Colonel Dixwel Mr. Reynolds Oliver St. Iohn Mr. Wallop All these being Members of the Old Long Parliament Unto which were added Iohn Bradshaw Colonel Lambert Colonel Desborow Fairfax Colonel Berry Sir Anthony Ashley Couper Sir Horatio Tounsend Sir Robert Honywood Sir Archibald Iohnston Iosias Berners As to the Actings of these old Members it is not a little observable that first they ordered the sale of all such Houses and Lands of the late King the Queen the Prince with Bishops Deans and Chapters or other then unsold and that they should forthwith be exposed to sale Also that such persons on whom any Title of Honour had been conferred by the said King should pay those forfeitures for the same as had been by their Acts and Ordinances in that case provided and bring in their Patents Amongst which Houses intended for Sale Somerset-House in the Strand was one the materials whereof to be pulled down and sold were valued at 5545 l. 1 s. 3 d. And now having some compassion on their late Lord Protector Richard Cromwel so outed of his Sovereignty as before is observed they Voted him an exemption from Arrests for six months Likewise the more to ingratiate themselves with the people they passed an Act of Indempnity but without benefit to any who should boggle at subscribing to a new Engagement against the Government by the single Person Kingship or House of Peers seizing upon divers persons in and about London and upon Horses and Arms pretending Trayterous designs against them by the Royalists the Preachers in their Pulpits crying out in this manner viz. The Lord stir up the hearts of his people to Prayer and sincere Humiliation and fill them with Unanimity and Courage in this evil time and make the people to see whatever fair pretences may be made use of by the Common Enemy to get power into their Hands yet should they prevail no man that hath been of a party against them heretofore yea no man that hath been a meer Neuter but must expect that his private Estate as well as the Publick Liberty shall become a prey to a desperate crew of Ravenous and Unreasonable men Certain it is that throughout the whole Realm the people were weary of their Oppressions and saw that notwithstanding these shiftings of the Dominion from one hand to another they were no whit eased of their Taxes and Burthens and therefore not only the Royalists but most of the Presbyterians being then out of play to rid themselves of that lingring slavery did privately engage to rise and accordingly began so to do in Cheshire putting themselves under the command of Sir George Boothe Baronet a person of a fair Estate in those parts Which so alarm'd the old Iuncto sitting at Westminster commonly called the Rump they being the fag-end or Tail of the Long Parliament as that they speedily sent down into those parts what Forces could soon be got together under the command of Major General Lambert publishing a Proclamation against them and their adherents as Rebels and Traytors Sir George in the mean time causing a Declaration to be Printed and spread abroad Whereby manifesting to the world that this Iuncto at Westminster had violated all Laws of God and men did profess that the defence of the Laws and Liberties was the chief thing he and those with him aimed at which would never be setled by those Self-Seekers at Westminster and therefore desired a new and Free Parliament But this good design was soon blasted for Lambert encountring them near to North-Wiche so over-powered them with numbers and more experienced Souldiers that he utterly routed and dispersed all their strength Which success so far elated this active General that he then thought of nothing more than his own personal advancement And to the end that he might the more endear the Souldiers to himself not only magnified their merits by Letters to the Parliament but when he had a thousand pounds sent to buy him a Jewel in token of their high esteem of that service he forthwith distributed it amongst his Common Souldiers And in farther order to that his design under colour of seizing all Arms thereabouts he subtilly got them into his own hands All which was no whit dissatisfactory to the Rumpers who then did not at all dream of Lamberts design and therefore having received Letters out of Scotland which gave them much assurance of General Monks reality they laid their Insurrection in Cheshire wholly to the Royallists charge and forthwith resolved upon an Oath for abjuring the Kings Title the formality whereof I have here added I. A. B. do hereby declare that I renounce the pretended Title of Charles Stuart and the whole Line of the late King James and of every other Person as a single Person pretending to the Government of these Nations of England Scotland and Ireland and the Dominions and Territories thereto belonging And that I will by the Grace and Assistance of Almighty God be true faithful and constant to this Common-Wealth against any King single Person and House of Peers and every of them and hereunto I subscribe my name And to shew how Zealous their Clergy were generally therein I shall only give instance of a precious pack of those in Leicestershire which personally came out of that County to the Parliament and presented to them a Paper Intituled The humble Representation of divers well-affected Ministers of the Gospel in the County of Leicester whose names are hereunto subscribed Which was so well accepted of that they being called in one of them as the mouth of the rest addressing himself to the Speaker said That being all Ministers of the Gospel in the County of Leicester faithful servants to the Parliament and imbarqued in the same bottom with themselves that some of them marched along with their Forces to suppress the late Rebellion of Sir George Boothe and others and that they well knowing how much it concerned them with all the true Godly of the Land to strengthen the Parliaments
and Poundage contrary to an express Act made also that very Parliament So likewise a new Imposition called Excise upon Victuals and all other Commodities against which they themselves had much declaimed And to countenance these grand Oppressions voted that an Ordinance of Parliament was as binding to the Subject as an Act of Parliament Thereupon ordaining that such Persons as ought to pay any Rents Debts c. due to those who are assessed and refused so to do should be Discharged against the Landlord or Creditor And at length became so bold as that their new Lord Mayor Isaac Pennington chalenging a Sturgeon which was taken above London-Bridge and it being answered that it belonged to the King or Lord Admiral Replyed you Malignant Rogue I would have you to know that there is neither King nor Admiral that hath any Power in London but my self Add thereunto their Ordinance for keeping Michaelmas Terme at Westminster notwithstanding his Majesties Proclamation And another Constituting the Earl of Warwick Governour and Lord Admiral of all the Islands in America Inhabited or Planted by the King's Subjects Another declaring the King's Broad-Seal Invalid and Commanding Obedience to all Writs c. to be issued under a new great Seal made by themselves And Sequestring all Offices of those Clerks in Westminster-Hall which were with the King The authority given to the Earl of Manchester by another Ordinance to deprive and displace all Masters and Fellows of Colledges and Halls in Cambridge and all other Clergy-Men within the Association as he should think convenient The Ordinances for seizing the Kings Queens and Princes Revenew for cutting down their Woods For Commanding all Men to pay nothing to his Majesty the Queen and Prince which was due and ought to have been paid to them for those are the words also the Commitment of Laughern and Vivian to Colchester-Goal for denying to pay two Thousand Pounds which was due to the Prince from them though the Receiver was Plundred of the Money And when it was told Mr. Strode Chair-Man to the Committee for raising Money that no more Money could be advanced their Purses having been so drain'd already he Replyed that they must have no denial for their Money was demanded by the Supream Court of Iudicature adding that those were times of necessity Another of the Members sticking not to say shortly after that if it would advantage their Cause he thought it lawful to unvote whatsoever had passed since the beginning of that Parliament Besides which grievous Impositions upon the Subjects Estates they stuck not at the like to their Persons upon pain of Death restraining all Persons for going from London to the King or Queen And for a farther Testimony of their dealing with the People in point of their Proprietie take their Governour of Abington's Answer viz. Coll. Browne to no less than Seven-score poor People which came thither to him at one time wringing their hands and begging for some small Pittance of what he had caused to be taken from them in the Villages thereabours which was no less than all their Goods even to part of their wearing Apparel which was thus with Tears in his Eyes Alas good People it is not in my Power to help you For if this were done by meet Rudeness of my Souldiers I could say something but you have not lost a Pin but according to the Command of both Houses of Parliament who injoin'd us to spare nothing Therefore said he whispering to one or two of them if you have any thing left 't is your best course to Convey it away quickly for the Parliament hath Commanded me to take all I can carry and burn up the rest before the King comes These and the like as by many Instances might be made apparent have been their Practises in violating the Laws of the Land with the Liberties and Properties of the Subject however Fair and Specious their Promises were otherwise until they had got Power into their hands being at length not ashamed to discover their full Intentions by those Propositions which they tendred to His Majesty at Oxford upon the 23d of November 1644. And whereupon a Treaty was had at Uxbridge Where it was judiciously observ'd by his Majesties Commissioners That after a War of near three Years for which the Defence of the Protestant Religion the Liberty and Property of the Subject and the Priviledges of Parliament were made the cause and Grounds in a Treaty of full twenty days nor indeed in the whole Propositions upon which the Treaty should be there was nothing offered to be treated on concerning the Breach of any Law or of the Liberty or Property of the Subject or Priviledge of Parliament but only Propositions for the altering a Government Established by Law and for the making of new Laws by which all the old were or might be Cancelled there being nothing insisted upon on the part of his Majesties Commissioners which was not Laws or denied by them that the other demanded as due by Law The next and last particular for which they made such great Pretences is the Priviledge of Parliaments Having therefore under that colour justified most of their pernicious Actions let us take notice how consonant to Justice Reason or common Honesty their Practices upon this point have been Did they not soon after the beginning of that Unhappy Parliament without any president found a Close-Committee consisting of eight persons whereof no less than seven were principal Contrivers of the ensuing Rebellion And in the business of the Earl of Strafford was not their Bill for his attainder twice read and voted in one day and fifty-five of the Members Posted for not assenting thereto whose Names to their lasting Honour I have here added 1. George Lord Digby 2. Iames Lord Compton 3. Richard Lord Buckhurst 4. Sr. Robert Hatton 5. Sr. Thomas Fanshaw 6. Sr. Edward Alford 7. Sr. Nicholas Slanyng 8. Sr. Thomas Danby 9. Sr. George Wentworth 10. Sr. Peter Wentworth 11. Sr. Frederick Cornwallis 12. Sr. William Carnaby 13. Sr. Richard Wynn. 14. Sr. Gervace Clifton 15. Sr. William Widdrington 16. Sr. William Pennyman 17. Sr. Patricius Curwen 18. Sr. Richard Lee. 19. Sr. Henry Slingesby 20. Sr. William Portman 21. Mr. Gervase Hollies 22. Mr. Sidney Godolphin 23. Mr. Cooke 24. Mr. Coventrey 25. Mr. Benjamin Weston 26. Mr. William Weston 27. Mr. Selden 28. Mr. Alford 29. Mr. Llhoyd 30. Mr. Herbert 31. Captain Digby 32. Serjeant Hyde 33. Mr. Tailor 34. Mr. Gryffith 35. Mr. Scowen 36. Mr. Bridgman 37. Mr. Fettiplace 38. Dr. Turner 39. Capt. Charles Price 40. Dr. Parry a Civilian 41. Mr. Arundell 42. Mr. Newport 43. Mr. Holburne 44. Mr. Noell 45. Mr. Kirton 46. Mr. Pollard 47. Mr. Price 48. Mr. Trevanion 49. Mr. Iane. 50. Mr. Edgcombe 51. Mr. Chichley 52. Mr. Mallorey 53. Mr. Porter 54. Mr. White Secretary to the Earl of
that they had all sworn and religiously promised to stand upon their Guard that the Church of God might be restored to her Honour the true Christian Catholick Religion Established the Nobility enjoy their Liberty entirely as they ought the People relieved and all new Impositions abolished And that these were the occasions of their taking up Arms for rescuing the Kingdom of France from ruine the preservation of good Men and punishment of bad and for the security of their own persons there being no other means left to preserve themselves and turn away the Knife from their own Throats which yet they would not make use of if their Estates only were in danger and the Subversion of Religion and State of the Kingdom were not inseparably joined with their own for the preservation of which they should not fear any hazard concluding that they could not choose a more Honourable Grave than to spend their Lives in so Holy a Cause so just a Quarrel in discharge of that Duty and Obligation which they owed as good Christians to the Service of God and as good and Loyal Subjects to oppose the Subuersion of which the State must naturally follow the alteration of Religion Protesting that they did not take up Arms against the King their Soveraign Lord but for the guard and just defence of his Person his Life and State for whom they had promised and sworn to hazard their own Lives and Fortunes to the last drop of their Bloud and to lay down Arms so soon as it should please his Majesty to remove the danger which threatned the ruine of the Service of God and so many good Men Intreating all that were not Confederate with them to favour their Designs and to assist them by their Power in the Execution of that good and Holy Work Exhorting all Towns and Corporations as they tendred their own preservation to judge uprightly of their Intentions and to consider what benefit and repose would accrue unto them and so doing to put their hands to that good work Declaring that they would not use any act of Violence but against such as should oppose them and by other undue means favour their Adversaries which sought to ruine the Church and Subvert the State Assuring every Man that their Holy-Armies should do no Man any wrong or oppression whether in passing or staying in any place but should live orderly and pay for all they took Protesting never to lay down Arms till they had fully Executed all the Premisses but rather die with a willing Heart desiring to be Intombed in a Monument Consecrated to the last of French-Men who died in Arms for the Service of God and their Country At which time they were so high in their own Opinions and their Conceits of the Peoples Inclinations that in this Declaration as an argument to win every Man to their Party they Invited all to put to their helping hands to their good Design which by the Grace of God as they said could not choose but prosper Sutable whereunto our Men to affright such from their Loyalty as they could not perswade told them that they had brought their work to such an height and degree of Success that nothing seemed to be left in their way able to hinder the full accomplishment of their desires unless God in his Iustice should send a grievous Curse upon them And as the Leaguers backing the words of their Remonstrance with Actions of no less efficacy began immediately upon it to impatronize themselves of many Cities and Strong-holds partly by underhand Practises and partly by open force Such were Lull and Uerdune the first Citties in France that cast out the Kings Officers and received the Leaguers so did ours possess themselves of Hull and Plymmouch and other places of Strength which tended so much to the advancement of their Design When therefore the Leaguers had by these Subtilties wrought the People out of Opinion with the King and him out of his Power over his Subjects When he could not with satisfaction to himself neither joyn with the Huguenots nor give content to the Leaguers waiting to make use of such Council as time should Minister unto him his Affairs going on but a slow pace he stood rather to justify himself than to stop the Progress of the Confederates And when he was assured from all parts at the same time of raising Forces and frequent meetings of Men in Arms he did no more than set forth an Edict wherein after the usual Preamble he protested his earnest desire of the Publick Tranquility and by all good means to provide for the ease of his People In which perceiving that some who were Enemies of their Peace did labour to oppose him He therefore straitly prohibited all Levies and gathering together of Souldiers Commanding that their Leaders should be Apprehended and Prosecuted according to Law By which he gained no more but this viz. That by the continuing of their Levies it did then sufficiently appear who were his Enemies Thus did the Leaguers get the Start of the King in their warlike Prepations and it was long before he could perswade himself to prepare for his Defence But being at last necessitated to make other Provisions than Proclamations more sutable to the exigency of the times after much doubting and deliberation he resolved to resist the force and practises of the League as well as he could without any Intelligence or Assistance from the Huguenots hoping that he should be able of himself to curb them But scarcely had he begun to put this deliberation in Execution than that he discovered the weakness of his Councils in that of his Forces The Lord of Truery had raised for him Ten Thousand Switzers But the Counties of Burgundy Champaine and Lyouns being all possess'd by them of League there was no passing for them that way The Count of Scomberg was sent to hire some German-Horse but in his passage thither through those Counties he was seized on and Committed to Prison by the Duke of Lorrain Nor did the Kings business go on much better at home than abroad The Nobility divided partly by reason of their Religion and partly by antient Feuds newly divided by these Dissentions came but slowly in to the King The People generally dissaffected did not concur to the relief of his wants The Revenues of the Crown not only stopt by noise of War but purposely Interrupted and seized upon bp the Heads of the Faction were utterly decayed so as the Sinews of War were wanting on all sides to the Kings Party Those of the League therefore perceiving with what difficulties the King wrestled began with great earnestness to gather Forces and to put in Execution the Plot they had laid long before The King having as yet nothing to oppose them but his Pen was necessitated to imploy it in vindication of himself from those Imputations which were thrown upon
B. Ib. p. 403. D. The second Parliament of K. Charles I. dissolved 15. Junii An. 1626. 2 Car. 1. Ib. p. 419. B. C A Loan of money required by the K. Ship-money required Privy Seals Ib. p. 420. A Benevolence proposed Ib. p. 422. An. 1626. Short View of the Life of K. â— Charles impr Lond. 1658. p. 46. An. 1627. Rushw. Coll. p. 428. E. p. 429. 27 Junii Ib. F. * 8 Nov. Ib. p. 469. Life of King Charles by Dr. Perenchef impr Lond. 1676. An. 1627. 3 Car. I. Rushw. Coll. p. 480. C. The third Parliament of K. Charles I. 17 Martii Ib. p. 481. D. Ib. p. 531. B. 26 Junii 1628. Ib. p. 644. B. Ib. D. Short View of the Life of K. Charles p. 26. Rushw. Coll. p. 647. C. Ib. p. 651. C. Ib. p. 656. C. An. 1628. * Febr. Ib. p. 670. F. Short view of the life of K. Charles p. 53. The third Parliament of King Charles the first dissolved 2. Martii Rushw. Coll. p. 672. A. Planting Schismatical Lecturers * Hist. of the Presbyterians by Dr. Heylin p. 11. 12. * Hist. of the life and death of Archbish. Laud. p. 9. Buying in impropriate Tythes for their support * Ib. p. 211. 212. Ib. p. 311 312. The absurdity and ill effects of them Their practising of military Discipline His Majesties Declaration printed at London An. 1639. p. 6. Ib. p. 7. Ib. p. 9. An. 1633. An. 1634. The Inland parts charg'd with Ships for defence of the Realm A usual mask for evil designs Hist. of Arch-Bishop Laud's life c. p. 92. 93. Multitudo ubi religione capta est potius vatibus quam Ducibus suis paret Curtius lib. 4. An. 1637. The Service-book sent into Scotland King Charles his large Declaration p. 16. Ib. p. 17. Ib. p. 18. 19. Ib. p. 19. Ib. p. 22. Ib. p. 23 24 25. 23 Julii 1637. Tumults at Edenborough by reason of the Service-book * Ib. p. 26 27. Ib. p. 31. 17. Oct. 1637. 1638. Ib. p. 35. 18. Oct. Ib. p. 37. Ib. p. 41. Ib. p. 47. * 19. Febr. 1638. Ib. p. 40. Tables of Advice erected The first Covenant by the Scots His Majesties Declaration Ib. p. 40. * Dated at Windsor 20 May 1638. The Marq. of Hamilton sent into Scotland to appease the people there Ib. p. 85. 86. Ib. p. 88. Ib. p. 96. 28. Junii Ib. p. 110. 111. 22 Sept. Ib. p. 137. Ib. p. 147. Ib. p. 156. 24 Sept. Ib. p. 188 189. Ib. p. 195. * 13. Oct. Ib. p. 197. Ib. p. 208. Ib. p. 210. Ib. p. 226. An. 1534. 25. H. 8. Holinsh p. 936. 937. Ib. p. 228. Ib. p. 229. 230. Ib. p. 224. 28. Oct. Ib. p. 248. Ib. p. 264. Ib. p. 281 282 283. Ib. p. 287. 27 Nov. Ib. p. 290. 29. Nov. The Assembly at Glasgow dissolved Ib. p. 294. Ib. p. 317. Episcopal Government abolish'd in Scotland Ib. p. 319. Ib. p. 366. * 18 Dec. Ib. p. 375. Ib. p. 402. Ib. p. 404. The Scots put themselves in Arms. The King raised an Army whereof he made the Earl of Arundel General 27 Martii 1639. * 28 Maii at the Birks The King's Declaration since the Pacification in the Camp near Barwick p. 3. 4. Ib. p. 17. * 17 Junii Articles of Pacification with the Scots * 20 Junii Ib. p. 17. Ib. p. 19. Ib. p. 20 * 2 Julii * 20 Julii Ib. p. 30. August Novemb. * Earl of Dumfermelyn Lord Lowdon * 5 Dec. Ib. p. 41. 18. Dec. Scots raise more forces Jan. 1639. Act. 34. Ib. p. 57. * The King's Declaration printed at Lond. 1639. Ib. p. 8. * Sir Henry Vane junior * Preface to the Memoires of the lives of James and William D. of Hamilton Impr. Lond. 1677. 1640. An. 1640. 13 Apr. The Short Parliament call'd The Short Parliament dissolved 5 Maii. 9 Maii. * 11 Maii. 11 Julii Ad. 38. * 17. Aug. The first Invasion of the Scots * 18 Aug. * 28 Aug. A grand Council of the Peers at York 24 Sept. 9. Oct. Treaty at Rippon The long Parliament began 3. No. Will. Lenthal of Lincolns Inn being Speaker * 9 Nov. * 11 Nov. The Earl of Strafford impeach'd of Treason * 13 Nov. * 18 Dec. * 19 Dec. * 21 Dec. * 14 Jan. * 5 Febr. * 11 Febr. * 28 Nov. * 11 Dec. * 15 Dec. * 16 Dec. * 29 Jan. * 10 Febr. * 11 Febr. 1641. * 10. Martii * 2. Febr. * 16. Martii Tryal of the E. of Strafford * 22. Martii * 23. Martii An. 1641. * 3. Apr. * 5. Apr. * 7. Apr. * 19. Apr. * 12. Maii * 3 Maii Pretended Plots and Conspiracies * 5 Maii. * 7 Maii. * 10 Maii. * 12 Maii. * 13 Maii. * 14 Maii. * 17 Maii. * 17 Junii * 24 Julii * 16 Aug. Posture of Defence Bill for perpetuating the Parliament * 7 Maii. * 9 Junii * Lord Say sworn Master of the Wards 17 Maii. Earl of Leicester made Deputy of Ireland 19 Maii Earl of Essex made Lord Chamberlain 29 Julii Oliver St. John made Sollicitor General The King went into Scotland * 2 Aug. * Will. Strode * 12 Aug. The grand Remonstrance * 19 Oct. * 20 Oct. * 31 Oct. Alderman Penington and others made a Committee for setting up Preaching Ministers 19 Dec. A. 1640. * Dr. Downing * Exact Col. p. 543. * 23 Oct. The Rebellion in Ireland * 22 Junii * 3 Julii * Sir William Parsons one of the Lords â—ustices in that Kingdom and Sir Adam Loftus Vice-Treasurer there persons experimentally known to have much adhered to and furthered the designs of these Rebellious contrivers in England that an Army of a thousand Scots was to arrive in Ireland to force the Catholicks to change their Religion and that Ireland could never do well without a Rebellion to the end the remnant of the Natives might be extirpated wagers being laid at the general Assizes by divers of them that within one year no Catholick should be left in Ireland * See his Majesties Answer to the two Papers concerning Ireland printed with the full and perfect Narrative of the Treaty at Uxbridge p. 212. * See the full Relation of the Treaty at Uxbridge p. 133. 136. * Impr. Londan 1658. p. 86. * 25 Oct. * 30 Oct. * 12 Nov. * 14 Nov. * 15 Nov. * 20 Nov. * Exact Coll. p. 1. * 22 Nâ— * 25 Nov. The King returned from Scotland * 26 Nov. * 27 Nov. * 29 Nov. 30 Nov. 1 Dec. * Exact Coll. p. 22. * 11 Dec. * 15 Dec. * Exact Coll. p. 532. * 19 Dec. * 26 Dec. * 27 Dec. * 28 Dec. * 29 Dec. * Exact Coll. p. 533. * 31 Dec. * 31 Dec. 1 Jan. 4 Jan. See the Articles against them Exact Coll. p. 34. * 7 Jan. * 8 Jan. The King with the Queen Prince and D. of York
falling off again as hath already been observed He became so strangely elated that nothing then to be done could give satisfaction to his ambitious and unlimited desires But here I shall also observe that notwithstanding the strong factions into which these men were then divided had begot a perfect hatred of each to other as the many printed pamphlets then spread abroad do sufficiently shew Nevertheless for the utter eradicating of the Religion by Law establish'd in the Church of England which themselves had at first 3. May 1641. solemnly protested to maintain about this time they all agree'd together in framing an Ordinance for the establishing of Presbytery containing a particular form and order of Church-government in their congregational Classical Provincial and National Assemblies In which the Lay Elders constituted at that time in all the Parishes throughout the City of London are expresly nominated with direction for the setling of all others throughout England and Wales and limitation of their powers unto the sharp and rigorous penalties whereof all conscientious and orthodox Protestants of the Church of England were to be subject but the Independent brood consisting of all sorts of Schismaticks and Sectaries under the notion of Godly-men and tender conscienced to be at liberty ¶ And now to proceed As I have already taken notice that a personal Treaty with the King was voted by the Members at Westminster I shall here observe that all things being prepared for the same it began at Newport in the Isle of Wight upon the 18th of September the chief persons permitted to attend his Majesty there being these the Duke of Richmond the Marquess of Hertford the Earl of Lindsey and Earl of Southampton Gentlemen of his Bedchamber the Bishops of London and Salisbury Dr. Sheldon Dr. Hamond Dr. Oldsworth Dr. Sanderson Dr. Turner and Dr. Heywood Chaplains Sir Thomas Gardner Sir Orlando Bridgman Sir Robert Holburne Mr. Gessrey Palmer Mr. Thomas Cooke and Mr. Iohn Vaughan Lawyers The Members at Westminster imploying these the Earls of Northumberland Salisbury Middlesex the Viscount Say the Lord Wenman Denzil Holles and William Pierpont Esquires Sir Henry Vane junior Sir Harbotle Grymston Mr. Samuel Brown Sir Iohn Potts Mr. Crew Serjeant Glyn and Mr. Bulkley These other Divines for the King being afterwards added viz. Dr. Iames Vsher Archbishop of Armagh in Ireland and Dr. Ferne And for the Parliament Mr. Stephen Marshal Mr. Richard Vines Mr. Lazarus Seaman and Mr. Ioseph Caryll But withall as it is now most evident to the world that there was never any real purpose on the part of the Grandees at Westminster that the Treaty formerly at Uxbridge should take any good effect so was there less expectation here the King being then their prisoner and all his forces come to nothing for though they then gave way to this Treaty they were at that very time contriving and framing the formality of his absolute destruction of which the symptoms were visible enough during the whole continuance of that Treaty by sundry Petitions to the Members at Westminster all declaming bitterly against it Which Petitions as 't is well known were first fram'd by the Grandees themselves and then sent amongst the people to be subscribed according to their usual practice In most whereof it was desired that all Delinquents without exception might be brought to condigne punishment one whereof concluding thus from Psalm 149. ver 6 7 8 and 9. Let the high prayses of God be in the mouths of his Saints and a twofold Sword in their Hands to execute vengeance upon the Heathen and punishment upon the people to bind their Kings with chains and their Nobles with fetters of iron to execute upon them the Iudgments written This Honour have all his Saints Besides it is farther to be observ'd that after the destruction of this Scottish-Army at Preston and the reducing of Colchester Cromwell went into Scotland where he not onely laid the plot with the Marquess of Argyle for the destruction of the King and extirpation of Monarchy but by his help in the contrivance of that unparalel'd murther agree'd in the formalities conducing thereto ¶ And now as to this Treaty in the Isle of Wight 't is sufficiently known that it was on His Majestie 's part totally and singly managed by himself against all those subtile persons above-mentioned the Houses at Westminster not permitting him to have any assistant therein either Divines or others Also that it was perform'd by him with so much judgment gravity meekness and curtesie as not onely much astonisht but made converts of some that had been his greatest Enemies and were then his Antagonists there Wherein to manifest his earnest desires for the peace of those distracted Realms he was contented to devest himself totally in effect of his own Regal power for life and to trust those insatiable men with the exercise thereof as is apparently to be seen by the particular Articles then assented to by him viz. 1. As to the Militia he consented thereto as 't was required by their Proposition 2. For Episcopacy though he could not consent to the utter abolishing thereof yet he offered that it might be regulated and reduced to the primative usage and so setled and continued in the Church And in order thereto that it might be enacted that the Bishops should not act without the Council and assistance of the Presbyters in the exercises of Ordination and Iurisdiction and therefore desired the consent of the Houses in the one that he might the more freely give his assent unto the other Offering to lessen the extent or multiply the number of the Diocesses as should be agreed upon by both Houses 3. As to Bishops lands that he could not consent to the alienation of them but offred what he had done before for satisfaction of the Purchasers and Contracters which was for the enjoyment of them for a certain time being therein seconded by the opinion of many Divines who differ in other things that the alienation of them would be no less than Sacriledge 4. That he would confirm their Ordinance for the calling and sitting of the Assembly of Divines 5. That he would confirm the form of Church-government presented to him with the Directory and repeal those Statutes which enjoyn'd the use of Common Prayer and all this for three years provided that a consultation should be had between the Assembly of Divines and twenty of His Majestie 's nomination added to them in the mean time for the farther setling of the Church at the end of those three years and that Himself and His might have the use of the Comâ—â—prayer But for the new Articles of Religion His Majesty haveing not had time sufficient as yet for consideration of so weighty matters as concern Faith and Doctrine desired that that part of the Proposition might for the present be omitted 6. That he would confirm the Ordinance for â—wordsâ— better observation of the Lord's day provided that
â—wordsâ— this Ordinance and others likewise presented to hiâ— alterations should be made of some expressions in them which did reflect on former establisht Laws it being therefore necessary that they should be penned in other termes 7. That he would pass an Act for prevention of saying Mass in Court or other places provided onely that his Queen might have free exercise of her Religion for her self and her ordinary servants according to the Articles of Marriage made between the two Crowns France and England 8. Lastly that for the Covenant he could not in Conscience take it himself nor impose it upon others therefore hoped that it should not be insisted on in regard the imposing thereof could not tend to peace a great part even of the Parliaments-party being utterly persuaded against it And further because all the ends of the Covenant would be obtained if an agreement were made in the rest of the Propositions These were the chief referring the rest untill his coming to Westminster where he might personally advise with his two Houses and deliver his opinion with the reasons thereof which done he would leave the whole matter of those remayning Propositions to the determination of his two Houses But as His Majesty had formerly well observed the humours of these impious men to be restless ever altering and changing their Principles with their success So did he then find the greatest and most wofull experiment thereof For having by the defeat of D. Hamilton's Army the reducing of Colchester and subduing the Welch in Pembrokeshire cleared all opposition which any could make against them they then did openly manifest to the world that nothing should suffice but the absolute destruction of the King and utter extirpation of Monarchy Towards the accomplishing of which execrable designe a prodigious Remonstrance was contrived by Cromwel and his son Ireton with some other venemous-minded officers in the Army then at St. Albans and presented to the House of Commons by Colonel Evre and seaven other Officers of the Army whereby they fiercely declaymed against any peace at all with the King and likewise against his Restauration demanding that he should by a Tryal be brought to Iustice. So likewise against those Members of Parliament as had been impeached the year before and all others that sate when the Speaker and Members fled to the Army that they might be excluded the House Requiring that the Souldiers arrears should be paid out of the King 's and Dean and Chapters lands Moreover that a certain terme should be prefixed to that present Long-Parliament as also a more equal number of persons as Representatives of the People to be thenceforth elected in whom the supreme power should thereafter reside In which Remonstrance it is not unworthy observation that they said whereas it might be objected that by the Covenant they were obliged to the preservation of His Majestie 's person and authority it was with this restriction viz. in the preservation of the true Religion and Liberties of the Kingdome So that considering Religion and the publick Interest were to be understood the principal and supream matters engaged for and of the King's person and authority as inferiour and subordinate thereto As also whereas the preservation of his person and authority was not consistent with the preservation of Religion and the publick Interest they were therefore by the Covenant obliged against it And the better to illustrate this they instanced the practice of the Parliament all along the late wars which not onely opposed his Majesty and his authority but really endeavoured to kill and destroy both his person and authority by Bullets and otherwise in order to the preservation of Religion and Liberties of the Kingdome Which Remonstrance was soon after presented to the House of Commons and tendred to the consideration of the whole Kingdome But three days after they Treaty having continued fourty days whereunto they limited it ended And here it is not improper to take notice that as they had frequently used to procure Petitions from sundry places to countenance the carrying on of any notable design which they had in hand So now having publisht this wicked Remonstrance they obteined Congratulations from those called the Well-affected in several parts to the end that others might be the more danted from any opposition thereto CHAP. XXX THIS business of the Treaty being therefore thus over I come now to the last Act of this afflicted King's life A Scene indeed of much sorrow and which cannot well be represented without great lamentation and the deepest expressions of sadness wherein I shall be as brief as well may be pointing chiefly at the times of the most notable passages therein but leaving the larger Narrative thereof to such of our Historians as have already or shall hereafter set forth the Life and Sufferings of this incomparable Prince As an Introduction whereunto it may be sit enough to observe that though the Parliament had been garbled as before is shewed whereby the Remnant of the Presbyterians was totally disheartened Yet did the Invasion from Scotland and Risings in other Parts about that time put so much Life and Courage into the drooping Spirits of that Party as that having with no little difficulty carryed the Vote for a Treaty they strugled to their utmost for such an issue thereof that the King might be at some better Liberty than he was at that time and the Administration of his Authority in the Two Houses as formerly And then though the Army stood not right to them at present the Majority of Votes might some time or other so alter the case as that the sweetness of Dominion might return to them again To second therefore what they had so vigorously begun discerning that the Army in pursuance of their late Remonstrance were on their March towards London they Voted a Letter to the General forbidding his nearer approach Which Vote so irritated the Souldiary that immediately they publisht a sharp Declaration therein accusing the Parliament with Breach of Trust Inconstancy and Indiscretion saying that they would appeal from them to the People threatning forthwith to advance up to Westminster and there to do what God should enable them and accordingly came up to the corner of Hide-park Where upon it was put to the Question in the House whether that approach of the Army were not prejudicial to the Freedom of Parliament But into such a terror were the Presbyterian Members then 〈◊〉 that they durst not hold up their Heads to give their Votes therein Nevertheless within two days following they took better heart and set on foot a debate touching the satisfactoriness of His Majesties Answer to the Propositions in the late Treaty And though the same day the General entred Westminster with Four Regiments of Foot and Six of Horse taking up his Head Quarters at White-hall and that soon after the King was seized on in his Bed-chamber and carryed to Hurst-Castle