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A64096 Orang-outang, sive, Homo sylvestris, or, The anatomy of a pygmie compared with that of a monkey, an ape, and a man to which is added, A philological essay concerning the pygmies, the cynocephali, the satyrs and sphinges of the ancients : wherein it will appear that they are all either apes or monkeys, and not men, as formerly pretended / by Edward Tyson ... Tyson, Edward, 1650-1708.; Gucht, Michael van der, 1660-1725. 1699 (1699) Wing T3598; ESTC R185850 159,017 232

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17 o Die Maij 1699 Imprimatur Liber cui Titulus Orang-Outang five Homo Sylvestris c. Authore Edvardo Tyson M. D. R. S. S. John Hoskins V. P. R. S. Orang-Outang sive Homo Sylvestris OR THE ANATOMY OF A PYGMIE Compared with that of a Monkey an Ape and a Man To which is added A PHILOLOGICAL ESSAY Concerning the Pygmies the Cynocephali the Satyrs and Sphinges of the ANCIENTS Wherein it will appear that they are all either APES or MONKEYS and not MEN as formerly pretended By EDWARD TYSON M. D. Fellow of the Colledge of Physicians and the Royal Society Physician to the Hospital of Bethlem and Reader of Anatomy at Chirurgeons-Hall LONDON Printed for Thomas Bennet at the Half-Moon in St. Paul's Church-yard and Daniel Brown at the Blach Swan and Bible without Temple-Bar and are to be had of Mr. Hunt at the Repository in Gresham-Colledge ● DC XCIX TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE JOHN Lord Sommers Baron of EVESHAM Lord High Chancellor OF ENGLAND One of the Lords of his MAJESTIES most Honourable PRIVY COUNCIL And President of the ROYAL SOCIETY SIR THE great Variety of weighty and important Affairs in which your Lordship is engaged one would think did so entirely engross your Time that you could not have a Minute left to bestow on the Muses Your unwearied and succesful Application to the Business of the State in the nicest Conjunctions that perhaps England ever saw as well as your inexpressible Labours in distributing Justice in your High Station have been attended with Vniversal Applause and have convinced all the World how much the Honour of his Majesty's Government and the Happiness of his People depend on the Capacity and Integrity of his Ministers You have not suffered even necessary Refreshments to interrupt your Constant Cares for the Publick To serve your Country you have defranded your self both of Meat and Rest which my Lord is the only Act of Injustice that was ever charged upon you Your immoderate Labours make daily Encroachments upon your Health or at least 't is the fear of every good Man that they should And yet your Lordship notwithstanding all Disswasions perseveres inflexible as if animated by the Noble Spirit of an Old Roman you were resolved to Sacrifice your Life for the Good of your Country And yet my Lord amidst such a multiplicity of the greatest Affairs to which you pay a constant Attendance you have not only found Time to apply your Thoughts to all kinds of Literature so as to become a great Master in all But you have likewise extended your Care to the Interests of Learning and to the Encouraging of those who study the Advancement of it Among many other Instances your Lordship has lately condescended to Preside over the Royal Society that was instituted for the Improvement of Natural Experimental Philosophy and you have taken care to Express your great Zeal and Readiness to contribute every thing in your Power to Protect their Interests and Promote their Reputation And under your Lordship's enlivening Influence there is all the Reason in the World to expect that Learning will again flourish there as well as among other Orders of Men. This my Lord has so embolden'd me humbly to present this Performance to your Lordship For since so Great a Patron of Letters is risen in the midst of us we think we have a sort of Right to his Countenance and Protection I wish the Present I presume to make you was more worthy of your Lordship All that I can say to recommend it is that the Subject is Novel and that Care has been taken to give it a just Description which I may say without vanity never yet appeared in Publick 'T is a true Remark which we cannot make without Admiration That from Minerals to Plants from Plants to Animals and from Animals to Men the Transition is so gradual that there appears a very great Similitude as well between the meanest Plant and some Minerals as between the lowest Rank of Men and the highest kind of Animals The Animal of which I have given the Anatomy coming nearest to Mankind seems the Nexus of the Animal and Rational as your Lordship and those of your High Rank and Order for Knowledge and Wisdom approaching nearest to that kind of Beings which is next above us Connect the Visible and Invisible World If this Performance shall Promote the Design of the Society of which I have the Honour to be a Member and which your Lordship is pleased to Preside over by improving the Natural History of Animals and affording the Reader any Delightful and Vseful Instructions I shall look on my Time and Pains well rewarded I am My Lord Your Lordship 's most humble and most obedient Servant EDWARD TYSON THE PREFACE LEAST this Discourse should be rejected meerly for the Title 's sake as if 't were intended only to divert the Reader with the Recital of the Fabulous and Romantick Stories which have been related on the Subjects I have proposed to treat of I think it necessary to premise that as my chief Design in this Undertaking is the Improvement of the Natural History of Animals so I have made it my Business more to find out the Truth than to enlarge in the Mythology to inform the Judgment than to please the Phancy And the Orang-Outang whose Anatomy I here give being a Creature so very remarkable and rare and not only in its External Shape but much more in the Conformation of a great many of the inward Viscera so much resembling a Man I thought I could not be too particular in my Description of it though to some who have not a Tast of these Matters I may seem prolix and tedious To render this Disquisition more useful I have made a Comparative Survey of this Animal with a Monkey an Ape and a Man By viewing the same Parts of all those together we may the better observe Nature's Gradation in the Formation of Animal Bodies and the Transitions made from one to another than which nothing can more conduce to the Attainment of the true Knowledge both of the Fabrick and Vses of the Parts By following Nature's Clew in this wonderful Labyrinth of the Creation we may be more easily admitted into her Secret Recesses which Thread if we miss we must needs err and be bewilder'd In drawing up this Comparison I have made use of the Anatomy which is given of Apes and Monkeys by other Authors and very frequently have quoted their own words which has render'd my Discourse much longer For not having these Animals by me to dissect and compare I thought it but just to let the Reader see upon what Authorities I went And though a short Reference might be esteemed sufficient without this tedious and unfashionable way of inserting the whole Text yet if any one will give himself the trouble of Examining the Evidences I have produced I think I have dealt more kindly by him in making him a Judge himself than in