to aide you to keepe maintaine and defend the lawes and customes with all our power After this manner did the deputies for the cities and townes sweare euery one according to the rights lawes customes preuiledges freedomes and liberties which they did enioy This oth beeing taken of either side except by the Clergy who sweare not the King retired himselfe into Saint Stephens chappell of the same church where he put off his roabes and tooke one of white taffity Vnction fo the King of Nauarre which was vsuall in such ceremonies and then was brought backe by the Bishops of Tarrasone and of Dax to the great chappel where as all things necessary were prepared for this vnction The King being there enuironed by the Bishops he was annointed with oyle by the Bishop of Pampelone with the praiers and suffrages vsuall in such actions and the King hauing instantly put off that white roabe he was richly attired in other royall habits and so approched neere vnto the high altar where there was a sword the royal crowne glistring with pretious stones and the royall Scepter hee put on the sword and then drew it forth holding it vp on high in signe of Iustice and then sheathed it againe then hee tooke the crowne and set it on his head and last of all hee tooke the scepter in his hand and in the meane time the prelats continued their prayers These things beeing done the King mounted vpon a target on the which were painted the armes of Nauarre King of Nauar carried vpon a traget the which was borne by the Deputies of the Nobility and them of the city of Pampelone and the three quarters thereof Bourg Peuplement and Bauarre as well in the name of the said city as of other cities and townes of the realme as it had beene appointed by the King wherevpon publike protestation was made by the Deputies of Estella Tudela Sanguessa Olite and other townes which could not set to their hands to support this target on the which the King was that it was without preiudice at that time or hereafter to their commonalties Thus the King was raised vp by the deputies who cried out thrice Real Real Real The King beeing thus carried after the manner of the ancient French hee cast money vnto the people which done hee was taken from thence by the Cardinall Don Pedro of Luna the Popes Legat who assisted at this ceremonie and by the Bishops of Pampelone and Tarrasone and led to a royall throne in great state the prelats and other Clergy men continuing still in their praiers and ending with a Te Deum These things thus performed the Kings Attorney General called Garcia of Leach in the Kings name the Bishop of Pampelone for himselfe and all the Clergy of the realme with the Deputies of the Nobility townes and commonalties demaunded an act of Peter of Godeille Apostolike Notary of Peter of Iauariz Clarke and Apostolike Notary for the Diocese of Pampelone and of Iohn of Ceilludo Notary and Secretary to the King the which was formally done For the last act of this follemnity masse was sung by the Bishop of Pampelone whereas the King according to the custome of his predecessors offred scarlet gold and siluer This coronation was the fourth yeere of this Princes reigne in February in the yeere 1390. and to make more particular relation of men of quality which were at this assembly deputed for the Estates or otherwise First of all there was D. Pedro of Luna Cardinal Men of account at the King of Nauarres coronation of the title of Santa Maria in Cosmedin Legat a Latere in Spaine to Pope Clement residing in Auignon Don Martin Salua Bishop of Pampelone D. Iohn of Calaorra and Calçado D. Pedro of Tarrassone Don Fernand of Vic of Ossona D. Pedro of Ampurias D. Iohn of Dax D. Garcia of Eugni of Bayone Confessor to the King all Bishops Moreouer the Abbot of Irache the Deane of the Collegiall church of Tudelo the Abbots of the Monasteries of Saint Saluator of Leyra Oliuia Yrançu Hitero and Saint Saluator of Vrax the Prior of the Order of Saint Iohn of Ierusalem the dignities Chanoins and Clergy of the church of Pampelone for the Estate of the Clergy For the Nobilitie and millitary Order were Don Lionell of Nauarre the Kings base brother D. Arnaud Raymond Lord of Grammont D. Arnâ—nd Sanches Lord of Luse D. Pedro Lord of Laxaga D. Martin Henriques of Lacarra Marshal of the realme D. Ramir of Areillan D. Martin Lord of Mearçan and of Saint Iulian D. Iohn of Vcara D. Fernand of Ayanc D. Martin of Ayuar D. Bertrand of Lacarra D. Aluar Diaz of Medrano D. Ximen Garcia Vicont of Baigner D. Pedro Sanches of Corella D. Pedro Ynigues of Vxue D. Martin of Artieda D. Pedro Arnaud of Garro D. Iohn Gaston of Vrroz D. Garcia Ramires of Asiayn D. Iohn of Bern the young Don Pedro Sanches of Licaraçu D. Iohn Rodrigues of Ayuar D. Raymond of Esperça and Don Pedro of Ayanc these were accompanied with many other Noblemen and Gentlemen as it was fit for the Maiesty of such an act The were also the Deputies of the commonalties and good townes of the realme of Pampelone Bourg Peuplement and Nauarriere which were thre quarters or countries of the city euery one hauing a seuerall Iudge the which kept them long in diuision and bred lamentable mutinies and seditions but this King by wise councel reduced them all into one body and supprest the cause to the good and quiet of the Inhabitants Moreouer there were present the Deputies of Estella Tudela Sanguessa Olite Puent la Reyna Arcos which at this day belongs to Castile Viana Garde which is also of Castile of Saint Vincent of Saint Iohn of Pie de Port of Montreal Ronceuaux Lumber Willafranca of Aguilar of Bernedo at this day vnited to the crowne of Castile and of Lans Besides these deputies there were many Barons Knights and others of quality of Castile France and England which did honour this coronation with the Ambassadors of forraine Christian princes Namely Iohn Vicont of Fussensaguet Raymond of Beruat Lord of Castlenau D. Alphonso of Luna Archdeacon of Girone Doctor Iohn Fernandes of Arana D. Diego Lopes of Estunina high Treasorer Diego Lopes of Lagran Steward to the King of Castile Francis of Pau of Arragon Sicart of Montagu Bernard of Rostaing a Basque These with many others were witnesses of all that past at this ceremony as appeeres by the acts and writings which are in the chamber of accounts of that realme In Iuly following the quire of the church fell where these things were celebrated for the re-edefying whereof the King and others did contribute very much The death of D. Iohn King of Castile fell out then vnfortunatly for the King of Nauarre for besides that hee loued him and was beloued of him like a brother hee was a fit instrument to tame the wilfulnesse of the Queene Donna Leonara
being Lieutenant to the Earle of Sussex to enter which after he and foure or fiue other souldiers more had done the like charge was giuen to Captaine Pooley who carried the Generals red Ensigne whereupon sir Arthur Sauage Captain of the Earles company with diuers Gentlemen followers and seruants to his Lordship took the same course In the mean time whilest that thirtie or fortie were thus entred into the Towne the Lord Marshal who besides his own soldiers had with him the generals gard of partizans forced the Port which his Lordship espying being not ten paces from it hee presently turned from the leape and entred that way carrying with him all the chiefe Aduenturers of the armie and worthy Sir Iohn Wingfield who before had flaine a Commaunder of the enemies with his pike and was cast behind hauing a shot in the thigh but hauing recouered one of the enemies horses hee came vp presently to second them not staying for any dressing From the entrance of the English into the Towne vntill they came vnto the Market place the enemie fought with them continually and kept them play aboue halfe an houre before they could recouer it yet at the last hauing wonne the place from them they notwithstanding so flanked it and kept their houses which were built like castles as they slue many of the English and among others that valiant gentleman Sir Iohn Wingfield who though vnarmed offered himselfe continually to all daungers so as hee was shot in the head from the castle which did continually play vpon those that made good this market place At length they got into the houses which annoyed them and slue those they found in them And as the Lord Generall before it was darke cleered all thereabouts but the castle or that which they call the vpper Towne so the Lord Marshall cleered all the other side towards the water and brought those that were in the Fort and Bulwarke of Saint Philip to sue for mercie which done the Generals entred the Towne-house whither all the chiefe citizens came to kisse their feet The next morning both the Castle and forts yeelded to their mercie without any other conditions The poore and baser sort were dismist and all women of qualitie whatsoeuer The Corrigidor deliuered his sword vnto the Generall offering to bee his prisoner and to giue for himselfe and some others of good place twelue thousand ducats no man was slaine vpon cold bloud it was held there were about two thousand Spaniards slaine in the furie of the fight Besides the chiefe Commanders of the armie who had giuen many proofs of their valor and experience in martial affairs there were many gallant gentlemen which serued worthily in this action whome in the end the Generall rewarded with the honour of knight-hood I may not forget to â—ake particular mention of Sir Samuel Bagnol who receiued eight wounds with the pike and sword whome the Lord Generall meeting in the market place all bloudie knighted to the incouragement of all others before that either the castle was taken in or the whole Towne wonne The towne was verie rich and did much inrich the armie but the worthiest men got least for they were fighting whilest the baser sort intended nothing but pillage and spoile There was good store of brasse ordnance and though no great yet very happie store of poulder for the English hauing not aboue twelue hundred men their poulder was spent and they were ouerlaied on all sides with the number of the enemies shot who hurt and slue their men from the houses when they had made them quit the streets they found by chance by the market place such poulder as they had brought for their owne defence and the supply of their men that shold fight there with the which they serued their turnes till their succours were entred and the Towne assured The Prouisions of Sea for the kings fleet King of Spaines 〈◊〉 at Cadiz as mastes pike-staues deale-boards caske and all kinde of shot cables anchors wine oyle vinegar rice sugars and such like things were of great value and will not be supplied by the king of Spain in many yearâ—s And as for his losse in shipping the kings Officers of his nauie who were then taken prisoners did protest with sighes and teares that nineteene of the ships which they had spoiled with the S. Mathew and Saint Andrew which they had taken were able to beat the greatest part of ships that the king hath in all the world So as laying together the ruining of the Kings Fleet the enioying of some of his great ships of warre which before had neuer beene done the burning of the Indian fleet of Merchants whose lading the prisoners confest to haue beene worth eight Millions the impeaching him to send that yeare to releeue his men at the West-Indies and so by consequence to receiue no treasure from thence the next yeare the â—aking of the Citie wherein were foure thousand foot and sixe hundred horse of the chiefe caualiers of Andaluzia the sacking of this place from whence he is to set out all his fleets for the West Indies and the spoyle of all his prouisions there All this I say layed together will proue one of the greatest blowes that euer Spaine receiued Yet all this was done in one day and without any great losse for in the whole fleet there was not any man of note but Sir Iohn Wingfield slaine At the assault and winning of the towne many gentlemen were hurt and some slaine and yet not many considering the strength of the place and the nature of the attempt As soone as the English fleet was entred into the road and that the Spaniards had discouered the Dutch squadron in the fight immediately both at Seuille Saint Lucar and some other places they did not onely arrest all such Dutch ships as dealt with them friendly by way of trade and marchandise but did confiscat their goods and did imprison the marchants and owners of the same and as it was reported did intreat many of them verie cruelly The English being masters of the towne of Cadiz the two Generals had an especiall care for the well-intreating of all religious persons both men and women whom they caused to be freely transported ouer to port Sancta Maria without any ransome or other molestation and giuing the bishop of Cusco free passage without ransome they let him vnderstand That they came not to deale with Church-men or vnarmed men and men of peace or with children neither was it their intent to make this voyage for gold siluer or any other riches but that their onely comming was to meet with their dishonourable practises and many iniuries and to deale with men of warre and valour for the defence of the true honour of England and to let them vnderstand that whensoeuer they attempted any base and dishonourable practise against their Soueraigne Queene and Mistresse that it should be reuenged The day before the English departed from Cadiz being
of day some of the English troupes aduance hee made a stand and then retired to the body of their armie The Lord Deputy giuing the charge of the camp to Sir George Carew then L. President of Munster to attend the Spaniards within the towne hee drewe forth part of his forces beeing about foure hundred horse and a thousand and two hundred foot and hearing that the enemie retired disorderly Rebels and Spaniards defeated in Ireland hee aduanced towards them who still retired with feare In the end omitting euery particular circumstance touching the marshalling of the English armie to them that write that historie they ouertooke the rebells charged them and put them to rout The Spaniards being abandoned by the Irish were almost all slaine D. Alonso d' Ocampo their colonell with three Captaines sixe Alferez and fortie souldiers were taken prisoners There were found of Irish onely twelue hundred bodies dead vpon the place and about twelue hundred hurt whereof many died that night The rebels lost two thousand armes which were brought forth all their munition their drummes nine ensignes whereof sixe were Spanish the English had but one man slaine and not aboue tenne hurt Thus they got a miraculous victorie to the great honor of the Lord Deputie and of all that commanded vnder him After this glorious victorie the Lord Deputie posted that present day vnto the camp lest the Spaniard should haue made some sally in his absence but they had not attempted any thing the next day he commaunded the approaches vnto the towne should be aduanced nearer But after fiue or sixe daies worke D. Iohn d' Aquilar who commanded the forces within the towne offered to parle and sent a drumme with a letter sealed vp to the Lord Deputie by the which he demaunded that some men of qualitie and sufficiencie might be sent into the towne from his Lordship to conferre with him whom hee would acquaint with such conditions as hee then stood vpon whereunto the Lord Deputie condescended imploying sir William Godolphin in that busines the which was managed after this maner according to the originall D. Iohn told sir William D. Iohn d' Aquilars speech that hauing found the Lord Deputie whom hee termed Viceroy although a furious and powerfull yet an honourable enemie and the Irish not onely weake and barbarous but as he feared treacherous friends he was so farre in his affections reconciled to the one and distasted with the other as it did inuite him to make an ouerture of such a composition as might be safe and profitable for the state of England with least preiudice to the Crowne of Spaine by deliuering into the Viceroyes power the towne of Kinsale with all other places in Ireland held by the Spanish so as they might depart vpon honourable termes fit for such men of warre as are not inforced by necessitie to receiue conditions but willingly induced vpon iust respects to disingage themselues and to leaue a people by whom their king and master had bin so notoriously abused if not betrayed That if the Viceroy liked to entertaine further parley touching this point he would first be pleased to vnderstand them rightly and to make his Propositions such as might be sutable to men throughly resolued rather to bury themselues aliue and to indure a thousand deaths than to giue way to one article that should tast of basenesse or dishonor being so confident of their present strength and the royall succors of Spaine as they should make no doubt of yielding a good accompt of themselues and of their interest in this kingdome but that a just disdaine and splene conceiued against the nation dissuaded them from beeing farther ingaged for it than of necessitie they must Sir William Godolphin hauing charge from the Lord Deputie only to receiue D. Iohns propositions and demaunds hauing made this relation to his Lordship and the Councell he was sent backe by them with this answer following That although the Lord Deputie hauing lately defeated their succours Answer from the Lord Deputie to D. Iohn did so well vnderstand his owne strength and their weakenesse as it made him nothing doubt of forcing them within a short time whom hee knew to be prest with vnresistable difficulties how much soeuer they laboured to couer and conceale them yet knowing that her sacred Maiestie out of her gratious and mercifull disposition would think the glorie of her victorie blemished by a voluntary effusion and obstinate expence of bloud was content to entertaine this offer of agreement so as it might be concluded vnder such honourable Articles for her Highnesse as the aduantage she had against them gaue reason to demaund The which were the same that are set downe in the Articles of Agreement following signed by the Lord Deputie D. Iohn and others sauing that there was an Article more in them for the leauing of his treasure munition ordnaunce and the Queens naturall subiects to her disposition all which points he did peremptorily refuse Protesting that both he and all his would rather indure the last of miseries than be found guilty of so soule a treason against the honor of his prince and the reputation of his profession although hee should find himselfe vnable to subsist much more now when as hee might not onely hope to sustaine the burthen of the warre for a time but with patience and constancy in the end ouercome it That hee tooke it so ill to be misunderstood in hauing articles of that nature propounded vnto him as were they but once againe remembred in the capitulation the Viceroy should from thenceforth vse aduantage of his sword and not the benefit of his former offer adding that the Viceroy might rather thinke to haue made a good and profitable purchase for the realme of England if with the expence of two hundred thousand ducats hee had procured D. Iohn to quit his interest and sooting but in Baltemore alone speaking nothing of Kinsale Castel-hauen Beerhauen for said he suppose that all wee with the rest of our places here had perished yet would that Peninsula being strong of its owne nature bettered by our art and industrie furnished as it is with victuals munition and good store of ordnance preserue vnto the king of Spaine a safe and commodious Port for the arriuall of his fleet and bee able to maintaine it selfe against a Land armie of tenne thousand vntill Spaine being so deepely ingaged did in honour releeue them which would drawe on a more powerfull inuasion than the first being vndertaken vpon false groundes at the instance of a base and barbarous people who in discouering their weakenesse and want of power haue armed the king my master to relie vpon his owne strength being bound in honour to relieue his people which are ingaged and to cancel the memorie of our former misfortunes But this is spoken said he in case the Viceroy be able to force this town as I assure my selfe hee cannot hauing vpon mine honour
and the better to perswade her he promised that if she had not entertainement fit for her royall State in Nauarre he would impart some of his vnto her and giue her a good company of Knights and Ladies to conduct her into Nauarre with that honour which did belong vnto her She hauing no iust reason to contradict the King her brother answered him in these termes Sir I am much bound vnto you for many respects Excuses of the Queene of Nauar. besides the good councell it pleaseth you now to giue me wherein I know you seeke my honour and proffit The King my Lord and husband must also be mindefull of your bounty and brotherly loue vsed towards him in many matters of great consequence for my sake for if you had not imploied your selfe at my request to the French King who held him prisoner it may bee hee should haue found greater difficulties in his deliuery Being come into Spaine he knowes what honours and what guifts he hath receiued from you during the life of the King his father And when he came to succeed in the Realme of Nauarre all the world hath seene how liberally you haue restored him the places which you might iustly haue retained in Nauarre being left in deposito at the peace made betwixt you fathers Moreouer you haue discharged him of twenty thousand doublons of gold and of his promise for the English Nobleman who was a prisoner taken in warre being two thousand pounds starling presently after the death of the deceased King his father you caused mee to goe out of your Realme into his country whether I carried whatsoeuer I had good and precious to appeere the more honourable amongst the Nauarrois with the Ladies and Gentlewomen of my traine borne of great families all things tending to the honour and profit of the King my Lord But in steed of acknowledging all this it greeeues me to speake it and I cannot speake it without blushing hee hath not receiued me nor intreated mee as hee ought He appointed me certaine prouisions monthly for the entertainement of my house my state and attendants whereof I haue beene alwaies so ill paied as I haue beene often forced to ingage my iewels to content my seruants who complained often vnto me Besides falling dangerously sicke in Nauarre and almost dead I was duly informed that my languishing proceeded from certaine hurtfull herbes which were giuen mee by a physition a Iew sent by the King my Lord to cure me I doe not thinke that these herbes were giuen me by the commandement of the King my Lord or with his priuity and God forbid it should once enter into my thought but I finde it very strange that hauing complained he did not vouchsafe to punish this bad physition as hee deserued Seeing my indisposition to continue I intreated him to giue mee leaue to come into Castile to your court whereas God be thanked and your good reception I haue recouered my health But during my aboade here in this ease I haue beene aduertised that many flatterers and bad seruants to the King my Lord and mee haue charged me with many slanders the which hath much incensed him against me so as I know not how my Estate or my life can be well assured in Nauarre if I returne as you perswade me wherefore I beseech you Sir in the name of God and for the brotherly loue you beare me that you would be pleased to consult with your good and faithfull councellors vpon my returne to the King my Lord and husband whom I loue and honour and to prouide for the safety of my life and honor for if I should fall into any danger or receiue any indignity you should haue interest therein These words accompanied with a mournfull countenance did much mooue the King D. Iohn who promising his sister that he would haue a care of her affaires he conferred with his councell imparting vnto them the speech which the Queene of Nauarre had vsed causing them all to sweare that they should giue him good and faithful councell touching her returne to the King her husband The councell hauing duely consulted of this businesse they came vnto the King and told him that they had found it expedient that hee should cause King Charles his brother in law to sweare to vse the Queene Donna Leonora his wife well and honourably and for assurance thereof he should leaue some places of Nauarre in deposito in the hands of some Knights that were not suspect whereby they thought the Queene might bee well assured to returne into Nauarre and to liue freely with her husband The King of Castile allowed of this aduice and hauing caused his sister Donna Leonora to he called he acquainted her therewith exhorting her to follow it the which seemed nothing pleasing vnto her yet shee yeelded hauing no iust cause of contradiction wherefore the King D. Iohn hauing caused the Ambassadors of Nauarre to bee called hee would haue returned them home with this answere but they replied that the King their maister would take any oth but to deliuer places into a third mans hand hee would not doe it giuing many pertinent reasons why hee should not yeeld to it After many allegations and disputes herevpon the Queene said that if it pleased the King her husband to sweare and promise to Pope Clement the French King and to the King her brother to vse her well she would returne The Ambassadors answered that the Cardinal D. Pedro of Luna had already propounded such an oth and that the King their maister had answered that it was not needfull the French King should meddle with any controuersies betwixt him and his wife and that for the rest he would make no difficulty These disputes increasing more and more to the great griefe of the King of Castile who knew well that the Queene his sister was staied for some other consideration and that the obiections made against her husband were meere slanders he was much perplexed for he both loued Charles King of Nauarre and the Queene also The Ambassadors being out of hope to worke the Queenes returne they demaund the Infanta D. Ieanne the King of Nauarres eldest daughter to whom the succession of the Realme did belong for want of heires males to be deliuered vnto them to carry her into Nauarre to the King her father seeing he might not hope for any more children by the Queene persisting in her vnreasonable resolution to liue from his company The Queene excusing her selfe said that it was not her intent to liue seperated from King Charles but she desired to bee assured of her life And the King her brother who alwaies perswaded her to bee well aduised and to beleeue what he said vnto her was forced to send Alnar Nugnes of Villa Real President of his Chancery into Nauarre to take information of these venimous herbes which shee said had beene giuen her by the physitian a Iew and to bring the depositions of the witnesses
whom shee named but this was an information made without any aduerse party to the great scandale of Queene Leonoras marriage so as by the aduice of the royall councell of Castile it was supprest The Queene remayning obstinate not to returne to her husband the King of Castile preuailed so with her as shee yeelded to send Don Leanne her eldest daughter for hee gaue her to vnderstand that it would somewhat pacefie the King of Nauarre Besides it was to bee feared that if shee staied her hee might in despight institute his brother Peter Earle of Mortaing heire of his realme It did much import the Nauarrois to haue this daughter in the fathers power fearing least the mother should marry her to some Castillan against the fathers will and to the preiudice of the liberty of the Realme The daughter was deliuered to the Ambassadors with one of her sisters being royally accompanied from the towne of Roa whether the King and his sister came to send her into Nauarre where shee was receiued with great contentment to the King and the Nauarrois yet he was much discontented at the rebellion and contempt of the Queene his wife This businesse being ended Castile the King of Castile came to Segobia where he did institute the Order of the Knights of the holy Ghost causing collars of gold to bee made like vnto the sunne beames at which did hang a white doue This collar hee himselfe did weare and gaue it to many Knights that were most familiar with him shewing them a certaine booke of Orders which they must obserue Moreouer he would also institute an other deuice which he called Reason the which Esquires which carried themselues valiantly in Iousts and Tournayes and did any commendable act should carry yet hee beeing dead these things died likewise with him which follwed the same yeere 1390. He was resolued to passe into Andalusia An. 1390. to order the affaires of that Prouince and administer Iustice passing in the month of October by Alcala of Henares thether came vnto him fifty Christian Knights borne at Maroc in Affrike who being sent for by him had past the seas with leaue from their King and were come to doe him seruice Hee receiued them gratiously and promised them pensions and lands in Castile They were of the most ancient families of Maroc Farfanes-Christian affâ— ikans hauing alwaies held the Christian religion and were called the Farfanes The King desirous to see them mannage their Genets for they had the report to bee good horsemen went to horse-backe and going out at the port which is called of Burgos he entred into a plowed field and beginning to gallop his horse ouer the furroes he stumbled in the medest of his course and fell vpon the King who was so brused as hee died being but two and thirty yeeres old whereof hee raigned eleuen and three monthes his body was carried to Toledo and buried in the Chappell of the last Kings where his father and mother lie A Prince endowed with good parts but vnfortunate and too sharpe to his brother the Earle of Gijon the which did somewhat blemish the luster of his vertues he was a friend and rewarder of valiant men and religious according to the time Hee was founder of three of the chiefe Monasteries in Spaine and gaue them great reuenues that is the Carthusians at Valdelo çoya in the territorie of Segobia in Rascafrie the which is commonly called Paular the royall Monasterie of the Order of Saint Benet at Vailedolit the chiefe of the Religion in the Realmes of Castile Leon Arragon and Nauarre built whereas the old fort did stand And moreouer hee founded the church and house of Santa Maria of Guadalupe whereas he put religious men of Saint Ierosmes Order and tooke away the Chaplains which were wont to bee there ar which place there is an Image which they hold doth miracles This King was very pittifull to Princes and men of marke that were strangers and afflicted as it appeered by the deliuery which hee sought with great affection of Leon King of Armenia who was prisoner with the Sultan of Aegipt to whom hee sent an honourable Ambassage to that effect And afterwards this Prince beeing retired into Spaine he gaue him conuenient reuenues and pensions vpon the towne of Madrid and other places in Castile It is he whose tombe is in the Celestins church at Paris where he died mediating a peace betwixt the French and English The King of Nauarre hauing laboured in vaine for the haue the Queene his wife returne vnto him Nauarre desyring to haue her crowned with him like vnto other Queenes hee resolued not to delay his coronation any longer wherefore he assembled the Estates of his realm in the city of Pampelone whereas the sollemnity of his coronation was made as followeth The Deputies of the Clergy Ceremony at the King of Nauarres coronation Nobility and third Estate beeing assembled with the Ambassadors of forraine Princes in the great chappell of the Cathedrall church the Bishops beeing in their Pontificall habits Don Martin of Salua Bishop of Pampelone who was afterwards Cardinall spake the words vnto the King O King our naturall Lord it is fit before you receiue the Sacrament of the holy vnction that you take the oth vnto your people of Nauarre which hath beene accustomed to be taken in this Realme of Nauarre by Kings your predecessors Wherevnto the King answered that he was ready to sweare then a crosse being presented vnto him and a booke laying his hand thereon Forme of the King oth to his people he pronounced these words with a loude voice We D. Charles by the grace of God King of Nauarre Earle of Eureux c. Doe sweare vnto our people of Nauarre vpon this crosse and vpon the holy Euangelist toucht by vs and to you the prelats and rich men of the cities and good townes and to all the people of Nauarre for all your rights lawes customes freedomes liberties and preuiledges that euery one of them as they now are shal be maintained and kept to you and your successors all the time of our life without corrupting them bettering and not impayring them in all or in part and that the violence and force which hath beene done to your predecessors whom God pardon or to you by Vs or our Officers we shall hereafter command it to cease and satisfaction to bee made according vnto right as they shal be made manifest by good men and of credit After the Kings oth Fâ—â—mâ— of the subiects oth vnto the King the Deputies of the Estates according to their degrees standing vp did also sweare after this maner We N. N. Barons of Nauarre as well in our owne names as for all the Knights and Gentlemen of the realme sweare vnto you our King and Lord vpon this corsse and these foure holy Euangelists handled and toucht by vs to gard and faithfully to defend your person and our country and
Iohn and very wel allied 2. D. Francisco de Toledo brother to the Earle of Orgas 3. D. Alonso de Luçon 4 D. Nicholas d' Isla or Patritio Anselmo the 5. and last D. Augustin Mexia who afterwards was Castellan of Antwerp there being 32. companies in euery regiment besides certaine Portugal and Italian bands D. Lewis Peres de Guzman Duke of Medina Sidonia Marquis of Saint Lucars and Knight of the Order of the Golden fleece was General of this great army Officers of the army as you haue heard D. Iohn Martines de Ricaldo was Admiral of the fleet and D. Francisco de Bouadilla Marshall There were of the Councel of war Diego Pimentel Flores de Baldes Pedro de Baldes Michel Oquendo Alonso de Lieua Diego Maldonado D. George Manriques with many others There were many Noblemen and about 120. gentlemen of note voluntaries that went to win honor amongst which were the Prince of Ascoly the Marquis of Pegnafiel the Marquis of Berlango with many others of great account The Duke of Parma during this preparation Preparation of the Duke of Parma to ioyne with the army had commandement from the King of Spaine to make ready ships and boats to land men and to haue his forces in a readinesse to ioyne with his army that came from Spaine who spent much time with great care and industry to prouide all things ready for such an enterprise He had 32. ships of warre within Dunkerke and an infinite number of boats for transportation hee lodged all his forces neere vnto the sea being about 30000. foot and nine hundred horse There came many Princes and Noblemen from forraine countries running to this imaginary conquest Out of Spaine the Duke of Pastrana Prince of Vuly sonne to Ruy Gomes de Sylua but hee was held to bee the Kings base sonne the Marquis of Bourgawe one of the Archduke Fernands sonnes Noblemen come into Flanders D. Vespasian Gonzaga of the house of Mantoua a great souldier D. Iohn de Medicis base sonne to the Duke of Florence D. Amadeus a bastard of Sauoy with many others The Queene of England hearing of all this preparation in Spaine and the Low countries omitted nothing that might serue for her iust defence Preparation in England Shee sent forth her best ships of warre with some Merchants to lie at Plymouth in the West parts there to attend the enemy commanded by the Lord Charles Howard high Admirall of England and now Earle of Nottingham beeing accompanied by the Lord Thomas Howard second sonne to the Duke of Norfolke and now Earle of Suffolke the Lord Sheffeld and many other Noblemen and gentlemen of quality And in the narrow seas betwixt Douer and Calis the Lord Henry Seymor sonne to the Duke of Somerset lay with forty or fifty saile of smaler ships The vnited Prouinces had prouided twenty small ships to keepe all the coast of Flanders where there be great flats and when as the Spanish fleet was ready to come they sent in the end Iustine Nassau their Admirall with fiue and thirty tall ships well appointed to ioyne with the Lord Henry Seymer which ships vnited should keepe the Duke of Parma from comming forth whereon their preseruation did depend But let vs returne to this great fleet of Spaine Spanish fleete disperst at sea which beganne to way anchor at Lisbone on the nine and twentith day of May this yeere 1588. and sailed to the Groine in Gallicia where they tooke in more men and some munition From thence they put to sea but they were disperst by a storme so as the Duke was forced to returne againe vnto the Groine with his fleet eight of his ships hauing spent their masts of the foure gallies one recouered that port the other three were driuen into Bayonne in France whereas all the slaues escaped The army being refreshed and the ships repaired the King did daily importune them to put to sea which they did on the twentith of Iuly sayling till they came to the entry of the English Channel from thence they sent to aduertise the Duke of Parma of their comming to the end hee might bee ready to ioyne with them The fleet was discouered by one captaine Fleming who aduertised the Lord Admirall of England when hee little expected them which made him with all possible speed to drawe his ships out of the hauen of Plymouth imbarking his men with great confusion and difficulty himselfe putting to sea that night but with sixe ships and the rest following as they could The two fleetes hauing discouered one an other on the thirtith day of Iuly the Spaniards leauing the English kept on their course towards Flanders according to the stricknesse of their Commission which was to ioyne with the Duke of Parma and then ioyntly to inuade England In this manner the Spanish fleet went on with a small saile close together fearing to loose some of their company for that the English had got the winde and bare vp within musket shot Passing on in this close manner the Gallion wherein Pedro de Baldes was brake her mast against an other ship so as it was not able to follow the fleete neither would they stay to helpe her but falling off from the rest it yeelded the next day to Sir Francis Drake besides D. Pedro there were diuers gentlemen and 450. men in her and as it was said some of the King of Spaines treasor at the same time Michel d' Oquendos the viceadmiralls ship was by casualty set on fire and burnt to the water of the which there were some saued On the second day of August there was a hot fight betwixt the two fleets right against Portland but the Spaniards left it and went on their intended course On the fourth day was the like before the Isle of Wight where the English Admirall accompanied by the Lord Thomas Howard in the Lyon the Lord Sheffeld in the Beare Sir Robert Southwell in the Elizabeth Ionas with some few others did charge the Spanish Admiral being in the midest of his best ships but in the end the Spaniards went away before the winde and on the sixth of August they came to anchor before Calis meaning there to attend the Duke of Parma whether the next day the English fleet came and anchored close by them who that night sending downe ships before the winde being full of wood poulder wild-fire and other combustible things and beginning to burne they made the Spaniards in that amazement cut their cables and to put confusedly to sea In this confusion the great Galleasse of D. Hugo de Moncado lost her helme and was driuen vpon Callis sands where D. Hugo was slaine and the Galleasse spoiled by the English and lost where there were three hundred slaues set at liberty The morning after their disorder the Spaniards had put themselues againe into battaile and the English charged them before Graueling but they desired to passe along with the winde and to stand
diuers accidents The first was the strange swelling and ouerflowing of the Riuer of Guadalquibir to the great spoile of the neighbour Countrie for passing ouer her bankes there were many persons drowned with much cattel and very many buildings ouerthrowne but the greatest losse was at Seuille in which port there lying many Ships of the Fleet they were staied long from making of their preparations And in the meane time whilest they proceeded slowly in this action according to the custome of that nation who persuade themselues to doe great matters with fame onely and repose the chiefe of their most important enterprises in tyring the enemie and consuming him at leysure the English armie appeared vpon their coast as you shall â—eare The charge of the English fleet and armie was giuen to the Lord Charles Howard high Admirall of England who at his returne from that seruice Armie of English for Spaine was by the Queenes Maiestie made Earle of Nottingham and to the Earle of Essex being ioyned together in Commission Being vpon their going from the coast of England they did publish in print in seuerall languages the true iust and vrgent reasons which had mooued her Maiestie to vndertake the sending forth of so great an Nauie with a full declaration of her Majesties pleasure and so they set saile from Plymouth vpon the third of Iune this yeare the whole English fleet consisting of some hundred ships of all sorts the which was diuided into foure squadrons of the which the Lord Admirall commaunded the first the Earle of Essex the second the Lord Thomas Howard now Earle of Suffolke the third and Sir Walter Rawleigh the fourth On the tenth of Iune this fleet got sight of Caliz or Cadiz in Andalusia but they kept not the order appointed for their comming in by reason of the mistaking of their masters and their falling in the night with the West sooner than they expected which made them stand vpon another boord and had somewhat disordered their fleet The Lord Admiral one of the Generals was with the greatest part of the fleet ahead to the Windward of the other Generall the Earle of Essex and his Squadron the wind being then at South Sir Walter Rawleigh was by reason of some chase in the night to Leeward and a sterne The Spaniards which were to the number of fiftie and seuen saile English fleet enters into Cadiz roade rod vnder the Towne of Caliz and the Gallies being seuenteene lay in the mouth of the Bay to couer the ships and to attend the landing of the English The Lord Admirall came to an anchor before the Southwest point of the Iland called Saint Sebastians the Earle of Essex seeing the Gallies rowe towards the landing place which hee had chosen bore with them vntill hee made them leaue their course and then looft vp and came with his squadron to an other anchor by the Lord Admiral which the rest of the fleet seeing came all vnto them only the Lord Thomas Howard in the Sea-honor anchored between them and the shoare The Generals called a Councell where it was ioyntly agreed vpon by them that their men should bee landed and the Town presently attempted on the West side which was next to the anchoring for which purpose the Earle of Essex Lord Generall Sir Francis Vere Lord Marshall and sir Coniers Clifford Sergeant Maior went to draw together as many souldiers and Gentlemen as their boats could wel carrie at once which being done and all their boates about the Lord Admirals ship sir Walter Rawleigh who was but then arriued in the Due Repulse came and protested against their landing holding the attempt to be dangerous and the performance as the wind blew and billowe went impossible for indeed it was growne to a storme whereupon it was resolued that the souldiers should bee returned to their ships and the Spanish fleet first assailed according to sir Walter Rawleighs aduice It was past noone before this later resolution was taken and more than two houres after before the Souldiers could bee carried backe vnto their Shippes some of their boates miscarrying before they could recouer their shippes which being done my Lord Thomas Howard weighed anchor first to giue the other ships scope to cast about then the rest of their principall ships as they could get leaue of the smaller Vessels which rodde close by them who also put themselues vnder saile but the winde was so strong and in such a place as most of their ships had beene driuen too farre to leeward if they had not come to anchour which the chiefe leaders perceiuing they came to a roade Besides the Sunne being not verie high they thought that the bringing in of so greaâ— a fleet towards night would so disorder them as the attempt should bee made to their great disaduantage So as the first day there was nothing executed by reason of these accidents Onely in the euening from the Bulwarke called Saint Philip from the Ships of warre which lay at Anchor and from the Gallies which did aduance a little towards them some few Canon shot were bestowed vpon the Due Repulse who answered them with the like especially against the Gallies when they approached to make them know the English could entertaine them if they came on That night the gallies coasting by the shore betwixt S. Mary Port Rotta came to obserue what order was kept by the rereward of the English fleet but they were soon turned backe On Munday earely in the morning there was a Councell held aboord the Lord Admirals Shippe where it was resolued to weigh anchor presently and to assaile the Spanish fleet the which was accordingly performed after this maner The Lord Thomas Howard and Sir Walter Rawleigh for so the Generall had appointed it bare right in the middest of the Chanell with the kings great ships which retyred before them scorning to bestowe a shot on the gallies which discharged their Canon as they passed by them The Lord Marshall being in the Raine-bow looft vp the Gallies which lay vp with their sternes close vnder the Towne and kept their prowes towards the Ships that should passe by them The Rainebow was a good while in fight before that any other ship came vnto her and was plyed with shot both from the gallies and from the Towne The Earle seeing her so ouer-matcht made haste vnto her and so making the enemie a fairer marke than the Rainebow which was a farre lesser ship eased her of many blowes Some other ships shot but farther off and to lesse purpose This incounter with the Gallies was a verie great aduantage vnto the enemy they hauing so many to so fewe for in effect these two ships aboue mentioned performed this whole seruice Besides there were two Bulwarkes of the Towne on their side all which notwithstanding the Gallies were forced to flie before them into the Baie two onely except which Sir Iohn Wingfield comming then vp in the Vangard did keep so in
as they durst not looke out During the fight with the Gallies the wind calmed and the English fleet went slowly ahead most of the Spanish ships neuer staied vntill they came to Portreal which is the furthest part of the Bay the ships mooued themselues with their broad sides towards the English that they might fight to their greater aduantage The English masters of ships were generally of opinion that they could not go neer without danger of running on ground the which did much crosse the forwardnesse of the chiefe Commanders of the sormost ships led by the Lord Thomas Howard and Sir Walter Rawleigh whose desire being to draw as neere the enemy as they might were notwithstanding inforced to come to anchour without the reach of Musket shot and to attend the floâ—d where they fought with perpetuall volleys of the Canon from sixe in the morning to eleuen of the clocke the ships that followed them neerest were commanded by Sir Francis Vere Lord Marshall Sir George Carew now Lord Carew Vice-admirall of Sir Walter Rawleighs Squadron and Generall of the artillerie by Sir Robert Dudley Viceadmirall of the Lord Admirals Squadron by Sir Robert Southwell Vice-admirall of the Lord Thomas Squadron by Sir Robert Crosse the Earle of Sussex being aboord him and by Sir George Gâ—fford The Earle of Essex and the Lord Admirall came vp an houre before the flood hauing beene all that morning soundly battered by the forts of Cadiz And for that the Arke drew too much water for the narrownesse of the Chanel where those ships did ride who also took vp the whole breadth of the riuer the Lord Admirall put himselfe into the Lord Thomas Howards ship When the flood beganne to swell Spanish ships runne aground at Cadiz the Lord Thomas and Sir Walter Rawleigh determined to lay the Armadoes aboord with the Queenes ships for the hulkes filled with Musketiers which were promised came not but as soone as Soto the Spanish Admirall perceiued that the said Leaders beganne to hoyse their top-sailes they presently cut their Cables by the halfe and draue a shoare sauing as many of themselues as they could carrie at once in their boates of the rest some were slaine in the furie and the rest taken to mercie The Admirall of the Spaniards called the Philip a goodlie and a powerfull ship tooke fire before she could be entred by an inch of a match fired and laied in the mouth of a barrell of powder in her gunner roome But the Lord Thomas Howard and sir Walter Rawlegh saued the Mathew and Andrew Viceadmirall and Rereadmirall of the Spanish fleet the other ships were set on fire by certain Negros who leapt into the riuer and saued themselues by swimming The IndiaÌ„ fleet of merchants being about 40 saile were gotten vp 4 English miles into the riuer for the redemption of which the K. officers in Cadiz offered the English 600 thousand pounds sterling The Earle of Essex was often prest to haue them first taken and then solde Spanish ships fired by themselues but hee beleeued that such as offered the composition had meant bonafide to pay the money from which hee could not bee dissuaded vntill he saw the ships all in a flame which the duke of Medina Sydonia commanded to bee done The number of the Spanish Fleet was fiftie seauen ships foureteene of the kings men of warre â—and three great Fly-boats which brought the Treasure from Portricco the rest were Merchants all faire ships full of good ordnance and richlyer laden than euer any Fleet was that went to the West Indies Here also I should remember that during the fight the gallies and Fort of Pontall plaied continually vpon the English ships The English hauing obtained this great victorie by Gods especiall fauor the earle resolued to follow it with all possible expedition and so immediately hee dispatcht the Sergeant Maior to get as many Gentlemen and old souldiers into boates English land at Cadiz as might well bee landed at once which being performed his Lordship and the Lord Marshall went to discouer the landing and finding it good he put betwixt two and three thousand men on land returning the boates to fetch my Lord Admirall with his seconds These being put in battell he commanded the Marshall to march directly with his regiment to the other side of the Iland which was halfe a mile from their landing his Lordship with the rest that were on shoare following him speedily Beeing come to the Southside the Earle diuided his troupes equally sending the one halfe with Sir Coniers Clifford sir Charles Blunt and sir Thomas Gerrard to breake downe a bridge called El Ponte del Suasso at a streit that keepes the passage from the maine marching himselfe with the other halfe towards the Towne the like directions hee gaue for the seconds to bee equally diuided and sent these two waies When hee came within halfe a mile of the Towne a cornet of horse with some shot made offer to skirmish but they were soone put to flight when they came within musket shot of the Towne there sallyed forth great troupes both horse and foot vnder fauor of their wals with their Cornets and Ensignes which the earle discouering from a little hill as they fell out of the towne hee gaue direction to the formost of the troups being some thirty pikes and as many shot to runne away as soone as the enemie offered to charge them the which they did giuing the enemy courage to come farther on than they first intended but the English charged them so fast as they had scarce time to recouer the Port and shut it The Horsemen which sallied out of the â—owne were called the Knights of shires they could not get into the Towne being so closely followed by the English foot whereupon they forsook their horses leapt ouer the wals at the west corner by which the English also entred The English in pursuing the Spaniards staied not vntill they came to the foot of their formost rampar and then the Earle diuided his troupes equally consisting of twelue hundred men keeping the one halfe with himselfe on the Southside of the Port and sending the Marshall with the rest to the Northside The Earle of Essex on this side with much â—doe found meanes for himselfe and some few others to get vp where he saw on the one side a Parapet of stone almost inaccessible for thâ—â— neither the bulwaâ—ke nor any part of the Courtine was finished There the English did first beate the enemie from the Parapet yet they lay open to another square bulwarke of stone which flanked them within a pikes length but they did so beset the bulwarke with shot as the enemie did them little harme Notwithstanding considering that they must quit the place for that their men lay vncouered the earle sought for an entrance which being found the leape downe being a pikes length Cadiz entred by the English hee commanded one Eâ—â—â—s which stood next him
the fift of Iulie the citie was burnt the Ladies Nunnes and other women and children being safely sent to Saint Marieport with their apparell and iewels euerie man being forbidden to search them vpon paine of death I haue thought good to annexe vnto the end of this relation for a remembrance to posteâ—â—tie the names of such as receiued the Order of Knighthood from the Generals as a testimonie of their well deseruing in this worthie action Sir Samuel â—â—gnol Sir Arthure â—â—uage The Earle of Sussex The Lord Burke Cont Lodowike Sir Williâ—â— Howard Sir George Deâ—ereux Sir Henrie Neuel Sir Edwin Rich. Sir Richard Leuen Sir Peter Egomort Sir Anthonie Ashley Sir Henrie Leonard Sir Richard Leuison Sir Horatia Vere Sir Arthâ—re 〈◊〉 Sir Miles Corâ—et Sir Edward Conway Sir Oliuer Lâ—mbert Sir Anthonie Cooke Sir Iohn Townsend Sir Christopher Heydon Names of such as were knighted at Cadiz Sir Francis Popham Sir Philip Woodâ—oâ—se Sir Alexander Clifford Sir Mâ—â—rice Barkley Sir Charles Blunt Sir George Gifford Sir Robert Crosse. Sir Iames Eseâ—damâ—â—e Sir 〈◊〉 Leigh Sir Iohn Leigh alias Lee. Sir Richard Weston Sir Richard Waiâ—man Sir Iames Wotton Sir Richard Ruddal Sir Robert Mansel Sir William Mouâ—son Sir Iohn 〈◊〉 Sir Edward Bowes Sir 〈◊〉 Druel Sir 〈◊〉 Preston Sir Robert Remington Sir Iohn Bâ—cke Sir Iohn Morgan Sir Iohn Aâ—ridge Sir Iohn 〈◊〉 Sir Mathew Browne Sir Iohn Acton Sir Thomas Gates Sir Giâ—â—â—e Mâ—rricke Sir Thomas Smith Sir William Pooley Sir Thomas Palmer Sir Iohn Stafford Sir Robert Louel Sir Iohn Gilbert Sir William Harâ—ey Sir Iohn Gray D. Christopher prince of Portugal Sir Iohn Vanderfoâ—â—d Admiral of the Hollanders Sir Robert Dudley 8 August Thus this triumphant English armie left Cadiz hauing receiued from the duke of Medina Sidonia nine and thirtie English prisoners which had beene slaues in the Spaniards hands Which done they past along the coast of Portugall they tooke spoyled and burnt Farol Farol burnt by the English they marcht into the countrey thereabouts after which exploit they shaped their course for England Hauing done this great affront to the king of Spaine they left him full of rage and desire of reuenge Fleet of Spaniards prepared against England whereupon presently after the retreat of the English he gaue commandement to the Adelantado of Castille to prepare a mightie fleet wherein he imployed great care and diligence so as it was readie the same yeare But this fleet had a farre different successe to that of England It consisted of fourescore ships which went out of Lisbone the eight of October 1596. They coasted along Gallicia to goe and joyne with the Generall of Biscaie where they had leuied some troupes of souldiers the Adelanâ—â—do comming to double cap S. Vincent in the night it seemes he mistooke his reckoning and â—ell short of the cap where they were taken with a cruell storme in the which fiue and fortie of their ships were cast away Spanish fleet cast away on Symon and Iâ—des day and the rest were so shaken with the storme as they had great difficultie to saue them so as their enterprise proued vaine that yeare This yere also they treated in Spaine of the canonizing of blessed S. Raymond Canonization of S. Râ—ymond desired by the Spaniards the which was afterwards effected at Rome They renewed their suit vnto the Pope which had bin made many yeares before to diuers of his predecessors After that instance had bin made vnto his Holinesse by the townes of the realme of Arragon who had sent Paul Costabile Generall of the preaching Friers of which Order S. Raymond had beene also Generall the Pope hauing pronounced thâ—t they should passe on to perfect this businesse the Archbishop of Taracona came to Barcellona with two bishops and the Proctor generall of S. Dominicke to reuiew Saint Raymonds â—odie the which was done with great ceremonie and authenticall writings sent to Rome to prosecute the rest About the same time Luca Calnacanti Chamberlaine to the Pope arriued being sent with two cardinals hats by him to Francis d' Auila Archdeacon of Toledo and to Ferdinand Nugnes de Gueuara President of the royall Councell who had beene newly created cardinals being exhorted by his Holinesse to passe with all speed to Rome as they did that Winter so as in the beginning of the next yeare they come into Italie hauing a good opportunitie to passe in those gallies which were come from Genoua whithâ—r the duke of Maqueda should also haue gone being appointed by the King to be Viceroy of Sicile but he was stayed many monethes by some sinister accidents And there arriued also Alphonso Gariglia who required a great aid of money for the prince of Transyluania to maintaine the warre against the Turke who found the king 〈◊〉 well 〈◊〉 not with standing that hee was inforced to maintaine warre in diuers places to his exceeding great toyle and charge Yet he satisfied that princes desire with abountifull hand and giue free libertie to the Popes Agents to buy a quantitie of come in his realmes to 〈◊〉 the state of the Church And then about the end of September the Indian fleet arriued safely at Seuille being verie rich the which did much comfort the Spaniards after the great losses they had sustained by the English armie 1597 There was nothing did more afflict the minds of the Spaniards Spaniards incensed against the English than their hatred and disdaine of the English being not able to endure not onely to be troubled in their traffique to the Indies and their rich fleets to be layâ—d for piercing euen into the heart of America but also to inuade the continent of Spaine with a royall armie and to land there by by force incountring spoyling and burning their ships euen in their ports Preparation in Spaine for a new armie Being therefore tormented with a desire of reuenge and grieued that the last yeares fleet being ruined by tempest could not effect what they had designed there was a new order giuen that many galleons should bee armed and new troupes of souldiers should bee leuied not onely in Spaine but also in Italie The king therefore touching matters of warre gaue an extraordinarie authoritie to the Cont Fuentes who was newly returned from the gouernement of Flanders They caused all ships of foreine countries to be stayed within their ports with an intent to make vse of them in this armie but the king falling verie sicke this preparation was somewhat stayed they being doubtfull of his life both in respect of his great age and the violence of his infirmitie And so the souldiers which were leuied for this seruice were sent to lodge some in Gallicia and some in Biscaie to bee fitly imbarked when time should serue The important cause concerning Marchants and Bankers Controuersie in Spaine touching the Bankers was now in question in Spaine they hauing for many yeares furnished the king with money for his warres in Flanders and other places
a businesse which troubled all the Bankes of Europe as one depends vpon another with their subalternall credits and interests Wherefore some princes were moued by an act of true bountie to helpe their subjects that were marchants least they should faile in their credit Besides the kings souldiers being by reason thereof in great want they fell to mutinies In this businesse therefore of so great importance and wherein the king pretended to bee defrauded in diuers manners of many hundred thousands of crownes this controuersie with the kings officers was long and tedious the marchants at the last beeing well content to come to any reasonable agreement the which at the length was made about the end of this yere And for that it had been discouered that Girolamo Lomellino had sent great summes of money into Fraunce the which had beene verie prejudiciall vnto Spaine and forbidden by reason of the ware which continued yet with France he was subject to arigorous punishment There fell out a great accident in the Venetian embassadours palace at Madrid whose name was Augustine Nani Quarels in the Venetian embassadors house a man of great judgement and of a generous spirit in maintaining the dignitie of that charge which hee held neere the king The Prouost Marshall of the citie would haue apprehended one who had retired into his palace flying from the Sergeant which followed him hoping hee should be safe there as in a place of franchise according to the vse of Courts the Prouost carrying himselfe too imperiously as such people are accustomed to doe a gentleman of the embassadours of the house of Badoero and his Secretarie comming at this noyse could not endure it so as from great words they fell to deeds and the Prouosts wand was broken the which they are accustomed to carrie as a marke of their authoritie with other accidents so as most of the embassadours familie came running at the noyse whereupon the kings officers complained But matters were afterwards tempered by the king with the equitie and respect which ought to bee had to the accident and person Yet the State of Venice being willing to take away all causes of distast that might grow made a speedie election of a new embassadour which was Francis Soranzo but hee past not into Spaine vntill the next yeare all shadowes of dislike being in the meane time vanished away taking all occasions to shew mutuall kindnesse betwixt them and the embassadour Naui who was extraordinarily fauoured by the king and prince and at his departure hee was made a knight and honoured with rich presents They were verie carefull this yeare in Spaine to preuent the English least they should haue some new opportunitie to annoy them as they had done at Cadiz which citie and castle they did fortifie better with all other places vpon the coast the earle of Fuentes lying continually towards the sea with great forces and hauing good garrisons in the coast townes hee sent his horsemen to runne along the coast that they might bee free from feare And for that the king of Spaine Mariage of the prince of Spain published by the continuall indisposition of his bodie the great trouble of his mind hauing such a world of weightie affaires could not hope for any long life he sought to prouide for the future gouernement of his subiects Wherefore he did publish the future mariage of his sonne D. Philip vnto the eldest daughter of Ferdinand Archduke of Austria whom some call Gregoria Massimiliana others Marie But whilest they made preparation for the solemnitie of this mariage and sent to the Pope for dispensations as well for this as for the future mariage betwixt the Archduke Albert and the Infanta D. Isabella they had newes that the sayd princesse was suddenly dead hauing left the greatnesse of this world to attaine vnto a better life in heauen The fortunat successe of the English the last yeare at Cadiz Preparation for the island voiage hauing affronted the king of Spaine at his owne doores gaue them courage to make new attempts this yeare and to send forth a goodlie fleet to sea vnder the commaund of the earle of Essex who was both Admirall at sea and Generall of the land forces This fleet consisted of an hundred and twentie saile whereof there were threescore men of warre the rest were victuallers and ships for transportation of souldiers and to attend the English fleet The Estates of the vnited Prouinces sent ten tall flie-boates vnder the commaund of Monsieur de Duniuord This fleet was victualled for three monethes with large allowance with a supplie of apparell for the mariners and souldiers It was diuided into three squadrons the Admirals squadron the Lord Thomas Howards squadron who was Vice-admirall and Sir Walter Rawleighs squadron being Rere-admirall The Netherland flie-boats were commaunded by their owne Admirall There were six thousand souldiers appointed for the land seruice with ten peeces of ordnance for the field and batterie with all necessarie prouisions And there were in this fleet about fiue hundred voluntaries of knights and gentlemen The chiefe Commaunders of these land forces were the Earle of Essex Generall the Lord Montioy his Lieutenant generall Sir Francis Vere Marshall of the field Sir George Carew Master of the ordnance Sir Ferdinando Gorge Sergeant Major of the armie Sir Christopher Blunt Colonell generall of the foot with all other officers necessarie in such an action In all this great fleet there were not aboue eighteene or twentie ships of her Majesties royall Nauie the names of which and of the Captaines that commaunded in them I leaue to a particular discourse written of this voyage by a worthie knight who was an eye witnesse and an actor in it the which I hope hee will suffer to come to the presse This goodlie armie being readie it seemed they had three seuerall designes to defeat the king of Spaines fleet Designes of the English fleet commaunded by D. Martin de Padiglia earle of S. Gadea and Adelantado Major of Castille if they met it at sea or to ruine it in the harbour of Farol if they found it there and to take all fleets of treasure or any East or West Indian fleets they should find at sea in the way to Spaine and lastly that they would take the island of the Terceres which they held to bee an action of great importance With this resolution they put to sea with this gallant fleet but neither of these enterprises succeeded for bending their course directly for Farol they were incountred with verie stormie weather and contrarie windes so as the whole fleet was scattered and many of the shippes in verie great daunger a great part of the fleet beeing forced to put backe againe into Plymouth The shippe wherein the Generall was had a verie daungerous leake and her mastes crackt in diuers places yet hee held it out as long as possibly hee could till in the end her vpper workes gaue way and her maine