Selected quad for the lemma: lord_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
lord_n	baron_n	earl_n	king_n	15,398	5	3.8090	3	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A11922	The first booke of architecture, made by Sebastian Serly, entreating of geometrie. Translated out of Italian into Dutch, and out of Dutch into English; Tutte l'opere d'architettura. English	Serlio, Sebastiano, 1475-1554.; Peake, Robert, Sir, 1592?-1667.	1611 (1611)	STC 22235; ESTC S117091	201,482	411

that those Columnes are Ionica in the sayd Booke notwithstanding you may make them Corinthia And that the workeman might the better vnderstand the members and Cornicements of this worke I haue shewed them in greater forme and proportioned them according to the principall I speake of the members of the first story for a man could not easily come to measure the other AT Beluedere at the entry of the Popes Court through the Callery which I haue set downe before for the places alwayes goe vpwards there is a going vp which is very fayre at the head wherof you come to a plaine which hath the forme of a Theater the ground whereof is shewed vnder this and thereto I haue set the Profill that you may vnderstand it Here I haue kept no account of the measures destring onely to shew the inuention of the stayres and the halfe Circle as it standeth This halfe Circle is very much eleuated from the Court of the Popes house to the Palace-ward and behind the halfe Circle you 〈◊〉 a great playne with fayre appertements at which place you goe through the two Gates which you sée in the sides of this ha●●● Circ●● in which places there are many faire Images and among the rest Laocoon Apollo Tyber Venus Cleopatra and Hercules T●●●● the Orthography of the ground shewed Folio 69. and as I haue sayd I will not speake of the measure ●●●●eof but onely of the inuention and although that here on eyther side onely one Pilaster with his Columnes ●s shewed yet is it not vnlike some Galleries whereof I haue spoken before and that appeareth by the double Co●●mnes together with the Niches or hollow seates with the Quadrans aboue them In Beluedere there are many other things which I haue showne among other things there are wonderfull winding Stayres in the ground whereof there standeth a Fountayne flowing excéedingly with water the which going vp is all full of Columnes in the innermost part which Columnes are of foure Orders viz. Dorica Ionica Corinthia and Composita but that which is most wonderfull and ingenious is that betwéene one and the other Order there is no difference or distance but men goe from the Dorica to the Ionica and from the Ionica to the Corinthia and from the Corinthia to the Composita with such cunning that a man cannot perceiue where one Order endeth and goeth into the other so that I am of opinion that Bramant neuer made a fairer nor costlier piece of worke then this Wyll out Reme at Mente Mario there is a very fayre place with all things belonging to a place of pleasure of which particular parts I will rather refrayne to speake then not shew them sufficiently onely I will speake of a Gallery with the Facies thereof made by an excellent workman Raphael Durbin who hath made diuers appertements and beginnings to oth●r workes as the Courtill although that it is fouresquare yet he had fashioned it round as the foundation partly sheweth That Vestibul●●n marked A. and the two places B. and C. stand not in such forme but I haue placed them there to fill vp the ground for the part C. endeth in an hill as also the part E. but in the other side of the Gallery m●●ked F. there is no halfe Circle and that was left out not to pinch some of the appertements but to accompany other members by it The order of this Gallery is very fayre the roofe whereof is concordickly altred for that the andole part is with a round tribune and those two on the sides are crosse-wise In which roofe and also in the walles ●anvan Vdenon hath made wonderfull great pieces of paynted worke so that regarding the fayre and excellent workemanship of Architecture with the beautifying of paynting together with diuers ancient Images this Gallery may well be called one of the fayrest that euer was made And whereas it is spoken of an halfe Circle which doth not answere the rest neither the workeman not willing to leaue it vndecked or vnfurnished his Disciple Iulio Romano in the Facie thereof paynted the great Gyant Poliphemus with many Satyres round about which worke Cardinall de Medicis that after was Pope by the name of Clement caused to be made The measure of this Gallery I will not set downe but the inuention shall suffice the workeman for that all things are proportioned according to the great and hereafter you shall see it made vpright together with the Facie of the Gallery but the Niches or hollow seates on the sides are not there B●● thee part following marked B. A. you may conceiue the roofe of the aforesayd Gallery the sayrenesse whereof consis●eth march in the corner marked ✚ the which giueth to vnderstand also the thrée others being well placed and s●ew well in the heading vp of the tribune in the middle going alwayes binding with the duplication of Pillars to each Facie of the Pilasters which Pillars in regard the Coronas remayne whole make not the Pilaster shew b●●e but rather ●●ch bre k●●● o● Pilasters into two Pillars maketh a large seeing vpwards and stands neuerthelesse in manner and place 〈◊〉 a fra●e Pillar for the Base of the sayd Pilasters follow also And for that in the Figure following in the Pilaster there is but one Pillar with a peece shewed yet to make it better to be vnderstood is that each Facie of the Pilasters within the Gallery is to be deuided into thrée of the which a man may make two flat Pillars and at the corners one Intercolumne so that as it is sayd although there are two flat Pillars with one Intercolumne yet altogether it is but one Pilaster AMong other Cities of Italy Naples is called La Gentile and that not onely in respect of the great Barons Lords Earles Dukes and great numbers of Gentlemen therein but also because it is so well furnished with stately Houses and Palaces as any other parts of Italy And among other pleasant places that are without the Citie there is a place called Poggio Reale which King Alphonsus caused to be made for his pleasure in that time then most fortunate when Italy was in peace and now vnfortunate by reason of the discords therein This Palace hath a very faire scituation and is well deuided for Roomes for that in each corner thereof might bee lodged a strong company of men in the middle there are sixe great Chambers besides the Roomes vnder the ground together with some secret Chambers The forme of this faire building in the ground as also the building that standeth vpright is here set downe in the next leafe the measure thereof I set not downe vnto you onely because I will shew you the inuention for a workeman may imagine of what greatnesse he will haue a Chamber being all of one greatnesse and then from those Chambers he may imagine all the measures of the rest of the building which building the Noble King vsed for his pleasure because men accustomed to dwell in the

both before and in the shortening as occasion fell out I haue also made some things of halfe planks of wood which were great helpe to the Paynters to set out things at life All the spaces frō the backe to the wall marked A. shall be for the personages to the which end the hindermost backe in the middle shall stand at the least two foot from the wall that the personages may goe from the one side to the other and not be séene Then you must rayse a termination at the beginning of the pauement B. which shall be the poynt L. and from thence to the Horison there shal be a line drawne as it is marked in the profil with prickes which shall be of like height and where that toucheth the hindermost backe of the Scene or Scaffold there the Horison of that backe shall stand and that Horison shall serue onely for that backe But if you stretch a corde or any other thing to the termination L. then you may fasten a thread to it to thrust backward or forward to vse it out of the stedfast Horison all the Ortographie of the houses before But the Horison which goeth through the wall shall serue for all the shortening sides of the houses and for that men should breake the wall if they would vse all this Horison in grosse which may not bee done therefore I haue alwayes made a small modell of wood and Paper iust of the same bignes and by the same modell set it downe in grosse from piece to piece But this way will fall out hard for some men to vnderstand neuerthelesse it will be necessary to worke by models and experiments and by studie a man shall sind the way and for that a man can hardly finde any Halls how great soeuer wherein he can place a Theater without imperfection and impediment therefore to follow Antiquities according to my power and abilitie I haue made all such parts of these Theaters as may stand in a Hall Therefore the part marked D. shall be the post scene and the circular place marked E. shall bee the Orchestra round about this Orchestra shall be the places for the noblest personages to sit marked F. The first steps marked G. for the noblest women to sit vpon The place H. is a way so is the part marked I. In the middle betwéene these degrées are s●eps the easier to goe vp The places marked K. must bee made so great backward as the Hall will afford which is made somewhat slooping that the people may see out ou●● 〈◊〉 others head TOuching the dispositon of Theaters and other Scenes concerning the grounds thereof I haue spoken sufficiently now I will speake of the Scene in Perspectiue worke and for that Scenes are made of thrée sorts that is Comical to play Comedies on Tragicall for Tragedies and Satiricall for Satirs This first shall be Comicall whereas the houses must be flight for Citizens but specially there must not want a brawthell or bawdy house and a great Inne and a Church such things are of necesstie to be therein How to rayse these houses from the ground is sufficiently expressed and how you shall place the Horison neuerthelesse that you may be the better instructed touching the former of these houses I haue here set downe a Figure for satisfaction of those that take pleasure therein but because this Figure is so small therein I could not obserue all the measures but refer them to inuention that thereby you may chuse or make houses which shew well as an open Gallery or lodge through the which you may sée an other house The hangings ouer or shooting out show well in shortening worke and some Cornices cut out at the ends accompanied with some others that are painted show well in worke so doe the houses which haue great bearing out like lodgings or Ch●●nbers for men and especially aboue all things you must set the smalest houses before that you may sée other houses ouer or aboue them as you sée it here aboue the bawdy house for if you place the greatest before and the rest behind still lessen th●n the place of the Scene would not be so well filled and although these things vpon the one side be made all vpon one floore Neuerthelesse for that you place great part of the lights in the middle hanging ouer the Scene or Scaffold therefore it would stand better if the floore in the midst were taken away and all the roundels and Quadrans which you sée in the Buildings they are artificiall lights cutting through of diuers colors which to make I will shew the manner in the last of this Booke The windowes which stand before were good to be made of Glasse or Paper with light behind them But if I should here write all that I know to serue for this worke it would be ouerlong to rehearse therefore I referre that to the wit and discretion of those that exercise and practise themselue● heerein HOuses for Tragedies must bee made for great personages for that actions of loue strange aduentures and cruell murthers as you reade in ancient and moderne Tragedies happen alwayes in the houses of great Lords Dukes Princes and Kings Therefore in such cases you must make none but stately houses as you sée it hore in this Figure wherein for that it is so smal I could make no Princely Pallaces but it is sufficient for the workeman to sée the manner thereof whereby he may helpe himselfe as time and place serueth and as I sayde in the Comicall hee must alwayes study to please the eyes of the beholders and forget not himselfe so much as to set a small building in stead of a great for the reasons aforesayd And for that I haue made all my Scenes of laths couered with linnen yet sometime it is necessary to make some things rising or bossing out which are to bee made of wood like the houses on the left side whereof the Pillars although they shorten stand all vpon one Base with some stayres all couered ouer with cloth the Cornices bearing out which you must obserue to the middle part But to giue place to the Galleries you must set the other shortening Cloth somewhat backwards and make a cornice aboue it as you see and that which I speake of these Buildings you must vnderstand of all the rest but in the Buildings which stand far backward the Painting worke must supplie the place by shadowes without any bearing out touching the artificiall lights I haue spoken thereof in the Comicall works All that you make aboue the Roofe sticking out as Chimneyes Towers Piramides Oblisces and other such like things or Images you must make them all of thin bords cut out round and well colloured But if you make any flat Buildings they must stand somewhat farre inward that you may not see them on the sides In these Scenes although some haue painted personages therein like supporters as in a Gallery or doore as a Dog Cat or any other

Countrey in the Summer time The Court of this Palace is compassed with double Galleries and in the middlemost place marked E. men go downe a payre of Stayres into a fayre eating place in which place the King and his Lords vsed to banquet and eate at pleasure in which place he caused certayne secret places to bee opened whereby in the twinckling of an eye the place was full of water so that they sate all in water likewise at this Kings pleasure all the water voyded out of the roome againe but there wanted no shifts of clothes to put on nor yet rich and costly beds for them to lye in that would rest themselues O voluptuous Italians how are you impouerished by your discords I will not speake of the most beautifull Gardens filled with all kind of flowres with diuers compartements of the Orchards and Trées of all kind of Fruits with great abundance of Fish-ponds and Fishes of places and cages of diuers Birds both great and small of fayre stables filled with all sorts of Horses and of many other fayre things which I will not speake of for that Marcus Antonius Michaell a Gentleman of that Towne very learned in Architecture hath séene it and hath written of it at large in a Latine Epistle which he sent to a friend of his But to turne againe to the parts of the said Palace which is right foure square it is within Galleried round about one aboue the other in the foure Corners within the thicknesse of the walls stand the winding stayres to goe vp into the building The foure Galleries without marked B. are not there but for the commoditie and beautifying of the house they would stand well there IN this Figure hereunder I haue shewed the Orthographie both within and without the part marked A. sheweth the part without the part marked B. representeth the Galleries within the part C. sheweth the ruines within I haue not set downe the couering or roofe of this house for according to my opinion I would haue playstered such a building that it might onely be vsed for a walking place to behold the countrey about The ground of the Poggio Real of Naples COnsidering the fayre Building of Poggio Real I haue thought good to set downe such an other here in this place but in other forme for appertements and peraduenture with more ease for that the places are all of one greatnes which is not so good a forme but it is necessary that the first should be greater then the second In this place I make you no place for lights within for that it is a place in the countrey being not cumbred on the sides it hath light inough on all the foure corners but some men may say that the Hall with the foure Chambers because they haue no light but through the galleries are darke for it is no perfect couer to which I answere that the house being made to be vsed in the time of great heat hauing no place in the middle the Hall and the Chambers will alwayes be cold by reason the Sunne cannot come vnto them These places will be very pleasant at none time for that the said places haue not so great lights as the other dwellings yet haue they so much light as they néed such like may be séene in Bolonia which are made in this manner with Galleries and daily inhabited This Building is so dispused that the corner places being of great thickenesse the rest shall be strong inough yea although the walls had no great thicknesse in regard they are all counterforts one to the other yet shall they be of sufficient strength I will not speake of the measures for that this being proportioned the skilful workman may imagine according to his pleasure that caused it to be built first the greatnes of the roome then deuide it into so many féet or other measures thereby to measure all the rest of the building as the situation of the place may beare it Then this building aboue all things shall be placed that the Sunne may rise vpon one of the corners and so shine vpon all the sides thereof for if it stands with one side to the East and the other to the West then it will follow that the North side shall neuer enioy the Sunne-shine vpon it which were rumaticke and vn wholesome MEn may build in diuers and sundry sorts vpon the ground aforesayd but for that this is a place of pleasure I thought good for the brauenesse thereof to make it after the Corinthia maner I will not trouble my selfe to speake of the measures nor heights for in my fourth Booke in the Order of Corinthia O 2. you shal find a Treatise which together with the iudgement of the wise workman will serue to set down this measure And for that in this Facie there is no shortening at all whereby you may know the Galleries the flat and closed places eche from other therefore I will set downe the two highest sides at eche end you must conceaue it to haue flat Pillars from beneath vpwards that part betwéene both which is lower you must suppose hath two Galleries one aboue the other the Columnes whereof would be round the same is to be vnderstood to be both behind and on both sides Men may also make aboue the Galleries a Tarrace or Pauement to defend the raine the Gallery being made with a Leane-to or Raile out of the Cornices of the first order of the Figures aforesayd and so also the Hall in the middle together with the 4. Chambers of the second story would haue more light For 2. causes I haue made the small windows aboue the great in the first story The 1. is if you will make the windowes so low that a man sitting may easily sée out of them then if you should make the windowes no higher then the doore there would bee too much space betwéene the windowes and the roofe of the house which would greatly darken the house and otherwyse the windowes bring much more light into the Hall The 2. is that the Chambers by the Hall néed not bee of such height but you may make hanging Chambers therein whereto those windowes will serue I might speake of many other things which I referce to the iudgement of the workeman AT first I was not minded to set this ground nor yet the building of the 100. Columnes placed in M. 1. in this Booke for that they are things which the Author hath made by reports and heare-say which I estéeme not worthy to be set by things that are counterfeyted and measured yet that it should not be sayd that I haue published this Bo ke lame and vnperfect and not full as the Author made it which might haue giuen slanderous and enuious persons occasion to scorne and scandalize this Booke therefore I haue not onely set this héere but also added this other Figure following by him set downe in the leafe R. 3. And now to turne to this ground our