bee no lodging allowed for those of the Council Judges nor anie such like Officers That the King should not give general or particular billets for the lodging of anie That the taxes and impositions should bee reduced to a certain number and the Pole-monie set at a just and moderate rate whereby the People might perceiv the grace and favor his Majestie did them That the subsidies granted by the Commissioners at the Groyn should not bee received nor demanded neither should there bee anie â—ew taxes or extraordinary tribute imposed upon the Kingdome without som evident necessitie and that it were thought requisite for the good of the Kingdom and his Majestie 's service That the King should not â—end any instructions to the Cities or form of granting Powers nor nominate any particular men for Officers but that the Cities and towns should have the freedom and libertie to bestow and confer their Powers upon such men as they should finde zealous for the good of their Republicks That the Commissioners in Parlament should have the libertie to meet when and where they pleased and to discours and confer freely with one another That such Commissioners during their emploiment should not receiv of the King anie Office favor or gift whatsoever for themselvs their Wives Children or kindred under pain of death and confiscation of goods and that those goods should bee employed for the publick reparations of the Citie or Town whereof they were Commissioners to the end that they should bee the more careful to do onely that which was most expedient for the glory of God the service of his Majestie and good of the Kingdom That everie Commissioner or Burgess should have a competent allowance from the place whose persons they represented That the Parlament beeing ended the several Commissioners should return within forty dayes to give account of what they had done under pain of losing their wages and emploiment That no gold or Silver coyned or to bee coyned should bee transported out of the Kingdom under pain of death In regard the contrary having been done the Kingdomes were impoverished and destroied That there should bee monie coyned differing as well in value as stamp from that of the neighboring Countries and that it should bee of a base alloy two Carats under the rate of the finest gold That in Weight and value it should bee answerable to the Crowns of Gold which are coyned in France Becaus that would bee a means that it should not bee transported Manie other artickles were given in touching gold and silver the particular favors and rewards of the King and other matters of justice But that which they insisted most upon was that the Councils should bee strictly looked to That the Chancery and other Courts in the Kingdom should bee visited or reviewed from six to six years and that all suits should bee dispatched in order and determined whithin a certain time without any delay That there should bee no appealing from Court to Court but that each case should bee decided at it's own Tribunal That no Counsellor or other whosoever should enjoie two offices but should apply himself to one onely These and manie other things the Nobles and Commissioners of the Kingdom desired but they fell into the hands of Strangers the King beeing young and full of thoughts of his Voiage and possession of his Empire So they remained And in regard these and other such like propositions were slighted and layd aside though presented with much zeal and affection the whole Kingdom burst out and slipping in one they fell into the Precipice of manie inconveniences as it is commonly seen They desired one thing verie Holie in the Chapter concerning Ecclesiastical dignities and pensions That they should not bee conferred upon strangers and that the acts of Naturalization which had been made should bee revoked That in the Ecclesiastical Courts there should bee no more duties payed then in the secular and that they should observ the same Statute Which I would it were well seen unto in these times There were likewise som complaints and Petitions given in against Pedrarias de Avila a gentleman of good note and quality brother to the Earl of Punio en Rostro and who had done great services yet hee was accused by som of his enemies and charged for having put manie to death unjustly at the discoverie of the Indies and committed divers Robberies and Tyrannies There were seaven consultations hereupon and Pedrarias was quitted by them all and the Emperor himself taking particular notice of the services which hee had done at Oran in Africa and the taking of Buxia besides other places in the Indies freed him notwithstanding these fals and passionate accusations and confirmed him in the government and charge which formerly had been conferred upon him and gave him som rewards besides But all this was not sufficient to stop the mouths of his enemies who gave occasion to strangers not onely of speaking ill but also of writing against this gentleman who was valiant in his own person and of antient extraction in this Kingdom And others not knowing to the contrary have followed them in the prejudicial censure of this nation and the Nobilitie thereof SECT XXXII TO the grief of those gentlemen who took ill Cardinal Adriano's beeing Governor by a general consent of the Council and Don Antonio de Rojas Arch-Bishop of Granada then President Hee was confirmed Governor of Castilla and Navarra jointly with those of his Council who were Don Alonso Tellez Lord of la-Puebla de Montalvan Hernando de Vega Chancellor of the order in Castilla Don Iohn de Fonseca Bishop of Burgos Don Antonio de Rojas Arch-Bishop of Granada and President of his Majestie 's Council of Justice and Francisco de Vargas Treasurer general these were to reside at Valladolid Antonio de Fonseca Lord of Coca was appointed Captain General of the kingdom and Don Iohn Brother to the Bishop of Burgos his Treasurer Don Iohn de la Nuza was Governor of Aragon Don Diego de Mendoza brother to the Marquis of Zenete Vice-Roy of Valencia All being thus ordered for the Government of the kingdom and the winde coming faire upon Saturday the 19.th of May at Sun-set The Emperor commanded to bee Proclaimed That all the mariners and his retinue should goe on board that night for the next day in the morning hee would set saile Sunday the 20.th of May before day hee did his devotion and received the Sacrament after which hee tooke ship Don Alonso de Fonseca Arch-Bishop of Santjago Don Iuan de Fonseca Bishop of Burgos Don Inigo de Velasco Constable of Castilla and Leon Don Diego Lopez Pacheco Marquis of Villena Don Alonso Pimentel Earl of Benavente Don Iohn Osorio Marquis of Astorga and divers other persons of quality waited on him to the Sea-side Those that imbarked with him were Don Fadrique de Toledo Duke of Alva the Marquis of Villa Franca and his son Don Hernando de
where the Parlament was held when hee met the Arch-Bishop and the Earl coming forth The Bishop perceiving the Earl of Villalva much incensed to pacifie his choller accosted him with very smooth and civil Language expressing much sorrow that his brother had so much forgotten himself Amongst other words that passed between the Bishop and the Earl Villalva chanced to let slip these You have a prettie fellow to your brother my Lord Bishop and withall hee swore that if they supported him hee would join with Don Pedro Lasso And in regard Don Pedro Lasso was so fixed to the interest of the Kingdom which was not very pleasing to Xeures and others that sate at the helm These words of the Earl's were presently carried to the Palace whereupon an Alcalde de Casa y Corte that is an officer in the nature of our Judges of oyer and terminer commanded the â—arl to quit the Court within one houre and not to return to it without his Majestie 's permission At the houre 's end hee went from Santjago to the Groyne where his hous and estate laie But soon after the Emperor going from Santjago to the Groyne readmitted him into his presence and favor SECT XVII IN this Occurrence som Grandees of the Kingdom which followed the Court accused Xeures highly to Emperor and bid him beware that the Fleming did not counsel him for his own ends Hereupon there passed som angrie expressions betwixt Xeures the Earl of Venavente and the Arch-Bishop of Santjago and they began to breed factions in the Court This Arch-Bishop and som others began to make private meetings and consult how they might provide themselvs with arms and men secretly The Emperor perceived it and if hee had not remedied it in time hee had found it troublesom enough The Earl of Venavente and others left the Court discontented The Emperor knew the sidings and dissentions that had been in Toledo and how they had refused to give a full power to their Commissioners Don Iohn de Silva and Aguirre which considered the Emperor and his Council were of opinion that it would not be amiss to send to som of the chief Officers that opposed it to come to Court and send others his Majestie 's servants to supplie their places for taking som out and supplying their places with others they might do whatsoever his Majestie commanded To that effect were presently dispatched Orders whereby Hernando de Avalos Iohn de Padilla Iohn Carrillo Gonzalo Gaytan Don Pedro de Ayala and Pedro de Herrera all Regidores and Officers of the Citie were commanded under great penalties everie man of them to make his personal appearance at the Court within such a time And Lope de Guzman Rodrigo Ninio and Martin de Ayala were commanded under the same penaltie to go to supplie their places at Toledo to the end that these beeing gon thither and the others com away the Citie might revoke the powers which they had given to Don Pedro Lasso and Don Alonso and give others to Don Iohn de Silva and Alonso de Aguirre These Orders beeing signified to the above-named they all excused themselvs onely Herrera who in obedience to his Majestie 's Commands went to the Court These weeds of dissention increased daie by daie in Toledo and the other Cities of Castilla and in the Court it self manie bitter words were buzzed up and down countenancing and approving these proceedings and the demands of Don Pedro Lasso and others as tending to the general good of the Kingdom SECT XVIII THe Messingers and Commissioners of Toledo and Salamanca with other associates made this Request to the Rest that in regard the Commissioners which Toledo was to send particularly for that Parlament were not yet com and those which were there from Salamanca were not admitted there should bee nothing granted or determined until those of the one and of the other Citie were present If otherwise they protested That it should not bee anie Prejudice to their Cities This beeing ingrossed verie fair they carriyd it to St Francisco where the Parlament sate taking a Notarie with them called Antonio Rodriguez who was afterwards Clerk of the Iunta And they demanded Audience But notwithstanding manie voted for them those of Toledo were refused and forbidden to enter in respect they were not Commissioners appointed for that Parlament Thereupon they made their Acts and Protests at the dore saying that the King's Commissioners could not assemble in Parlament without the Commissioners of Toledo that their non-appearance proceeded from their own particular negligence not anie fault of their Citie 's in regard they had their Powers delivered them that they beeing members of the said Citie did require them not to assemble in Parlament until those Commissioners of Toledo were arrived and against the contrarie they protested And whatsoever should be enacted in anie such Parlament without them they declared to bee void and of none effect and should bee no waies prejudicial to the Citie of Toledo nor the whole Kingdom Manie persons of note were witnesses to this Protest and it occasioned much scandal in the Court Don Pedro Lasso and his companion slighted his Majestie 's commands which were signified to them by the Secretarie Covos Which beeing told the Emperor hee gave immediate command to banish them that verie daie beeing Palm Sundaie and accordingly in the evening his Secretarie Francisco de los Covos and Iohn Ramirez Secretarie to the Council of Iustice went to the lodging of those Toledo-Commissioners and in the Emperor's name signified to each of them severally his Mâ—jestie's pleasure commanding Don Alonso de Suarez the next daie beeing mundaie to leav the Court and that within two moneths hee should go serv â—nd reside where that Companie of men laie whereof hee was Captain where hee should remain until further order from his Majestie under pain of forfeiting his goods and the said Captain's place Don Pedro Lasso was likewise commanded to absent from Court the same Mundaie and within fortie daies to go and reside in the Government of the Fort of Gibraltar which was his own inheritance and not to depart thence without the Emperor's leav under penaltie of forfeiting that Command and all the rest of his estate whatsoever The Iurates were also commanded to leav the Court immediately And there was order given in their lodgings that they should not entertein them anie longer They demanded Copies hereof but were refused so they went to Iohn Ramirez chamber and by much importunitie they obteined one but not signed The Toledians beeing extreamly troubled that they were banished the Court with so much rigor two hours within night Don Pedro and Don Alonso with the Iurate Ortiz went to the Palace Ortiz went in to Xeures and acquainted him thaâ— such gentlemen were come to speak with him Xeâ—res bad him speak to his servants to set up lights in his chamber and that they should stay there for him Xeures beeing come they spent above two
Astorga which Towns belonged to the Lord Admiral the Earl of Venavente and Marquis of Astorga their envie and spight beeing so inveterate that if they could but blemish any one of these Noblemen's eies they would not stick to have pull'd out their own SECT XIV DOn Francisco de Veamonte by order of the Lord high Constable surprised and possessed himself finding no great resistance of the Town of Ampudia or Fuent Empudia belonging to the Earl of Salvatierra who was then playing the mad mutinier in the mountains of Alava and could by no means bee reduced to the Lord high Constable The Commoners to gain favor with the Earl of Salvatierra determined to retake Ampudia To which effect one night in the said month of Ianuarie Iohn de Padilla and the Bishop made an alarm in the Citie of Valladolid causing proclamation to bee made that every hous should furnish a Souldier to go with Iohn de Padilla as far as Cabecon for the expedition of Ampudia in regard they had intelligence that five Companies of Foot and hors were marched out of Tordesillas and Simancas to take it from the Earl of Salvatierra who was a great supporter of their caus But the Cavaliers for the better accomplishment of their design sent ten Scouts before to discover and ride close to Valladolid whom those of the Citie perceiving presently sallied out and gave not over the pursuit of them until they had recovered Simancas By which means the the rest went securely on to Ampudia without receiving the least hindrance from Valladolid who were diverted by those of Simancas Iohn de Padilla with great store of men one whole Cannon and three or four field-peeces marched to Cabecon and Cigales from whence he sent back again all the men of Valladolid onely two Companies with which and the rest of his men hee arrived in very good order at Ampudia where hee found the Cavaliers masters both of the Town and Fort. Iohn de Padilla's men beeing mad of fighting fell to storming the Town and having made two great breaches in the old and new Wall the Cavaliers retreated to the Fort whither they pursued them But the Cavaliers seeing they were but few the enemies manie and stout-fighting men they quitted the Fort leaving in it a Governor with 60 Hors som Foot getting out at a private Sallie-port they fled to the Tower of Mormojon one league distant from Ampudia whereof when John de Padilla had notice hee followed them with his whole Armie and beeing arrived at Mormojon hee found they had made themselvs strong within the Castle which was scituate upon the side of the Mountain called Toroços towards the Champain John de Padilla's souldiers were all so animated and desirous to grapple with the Cavaliers that making a furious on-set and burning down the gates they were just entring the Town when all the people came out in Procession the Priests with their robes and Crosses in their hands and the women and children bare-footed fell upon their knees with tears and humble supplications to John de Padilla that hee would not suffer them to bee sack'd or plundered But his men cried out No no let us sack the Town At which words John de Padilla turned himself towards his souldiers saying Take notice Gentlemen our intention is not to ransack or destroie any people especially those who are not culpable by which and other such like plausâ—ble language hee pacified the furious greediness of his souldiers and persuaded them to do what hee pleased which done hee told the people upon his word no man of his should offer them any violence but they must bring a thousand Duckets to content his Armie and swear to bee true to the Commonaltie whereunto the poor Townsmen out of fear suddenly condescended and John de Padilla quartered all his men there but with express order that they should paie for every thing except Provender for their Horses which the people were willing to give them Soon after John de Padilla commanding one half of his Armie to lay close siege to the Castle and block up all the Advenues with the other half he returned to do the like to those within the Fort of Empudia who would willingly have surrendred it and those of Mormojon likewise if John de Padilla would have secured them their lives onely but hee refused it and swore if they stood out hee would hang every man of them so hee assaulted them several times very furiously but seeing how courageously they defended themselvs to the loss of no smal number of his men hee was glad they would deliver it upon better conditions which were these That they should resign the Fort vvith all things belonging thereunto as Munition Victuals houshold-stuff c. And march freely out with all their own Arms horses and baggage which they did to the number of one hundred and threescoâ—e hors and Foot Fray Antonio de Guevara in his Epistles reporteth that the Bishop of Zamora encouraging his Souldiers in this assault said to them So my boyes get up nimbly fight and die couragiously and let my Soul go at a venture along with yours since you die in so just and Holie an enterprise Iohn de Padilla would not suffer any dammage or havock to bee made of any thing within the Fort nor stand to batter it much without becaus the Earl of Salvatierra had written to him to take it with the least prejudice to him that might bee Those of the Commonaltie were very well pleased at the taking of Empudia and Iohn de Padilla's Armie increased daily by the confluence of people to him from the Beherriâ—s The Bishop of Zamora departed from Empudia to Monçon thence to Magaz spoiling and doing all the mischief hee could to those of the Cavaliers partie Hee caused Maçariegos and other Towns to bee sacked insomuch that hee was asmuch dreaded as fire in places that were not able to resist him But in Valladolid they found great miss of him to defend them from the incursions of those in garrison at Simancas SECT XV. THe Bishop of Zamora by Letters promises and other private practises sollicited and egged on the people of Burgos asmuch as in him laie to make another Commotion in the Citie But the Lord High Constable was so vigilant and zealous to advance his Majestie 's service that hee did not onely keep those of Burgos in good order and subjection but endeavored by the same means the Bishop used to gain the people of Valladolid The plot beeing discovered or at least suspected they cunningly returned an answer to the Citie of Burgos inclosing therein a Copie of the Letter which they shrewdly imagined was of the Lord High Constable's own forging and not from the Citie to the end they might both bee read publickly which occasioned such a tumult and mutinie among the people that like hare-brained inconsiderate creatures they presently rose in Arms and would have turned the Lord
the reputation of him whose chief aim in this labor was to procure you both profit and pleasure as beeing Your affectionate Servant J. W. THE CIVIL WARS OF SPAIN THE FIRST BOOK SECT I. IN the year of our LORD 1500 which was according to the Hebrew account five thousand four hundred sixtie and one years after the Creation of the World from the Universal Deluge three thousand eight hundred and five from the Coming of Tubal to inhabit and people the then desolate Countrie of Spain three thousand six hundred sixtie and three from the Conquest of Cesar one thousand five hundred thirtie and eight from the Entrie of the Goths into Spain one thousand eightie and six and lastly from the Dominion of the Moors in that Countrie seven hundred eightie and six years Alexander the sixth then beeing Pope of Rome The Christian King Don Fernando and Donnia Isabel having reigned twentie seven years converted the Mezquitas or Moorish temples into Châ—istian Churches and purged the whole Kingdom of Paganism and Jewish Cerimonies beeing also the year of Iubilee at Rome for their comfort and to drie up the tears which sorrowful Spain ceased not to shed for the deceaâ— of tâ—eir Prince Don Iuan or Ioâ—n onely Son to the Catholâ—â—k King and Donnia Isabel his Queen and â—he Infanta Donnia Isabel their eldest Daughter who was married to Don Iuan or Iohn the Second King of Portugal in the Citie of Gant upon the Apostle â— t Matthias his daie beeing mundaie 25 Febâ—uarie was born Charls the fift Emperor and King of Spain begotten by Don Philip or Philip surnamed El Hermoso or the fair Arch-Duke of Austria on to the Emperor Maximilian the First and Donnia Maâ—ia sole daughter and heir to Charls Duke of Burgundie who had for her porâ—ion besides the said Dutchie of Burgundie the Dukedom of Brabant Flanders Limbourg Haynaut Hâ—lland Artois Zealand and Cueldres with other places thereunto belonging and Donnia Iuana second daughter to the fore-naâ—ed Don Fernando and Isabel. The Prince Don Miguel de la paz son to Don Iuan of Portugal and Don Fernandos eldest Daughter Isabel who by the right of his mother was to inherite the Crown of Castilla was yet living when Charls the Fift came first into the World the news of whose birth with the particulars of the place and time beeing carried into Spain his grandmother Donnia Isabel I know not by what prophetick spirit presently said Cecidit sors super Mattâ—iam meaning that the succession of those Kingdoms should fall upon Charls who was born upon that Saint's daie as it did and hee became the most potent Prince of the Christian World For Don Miguel de la paz dying in Julie following in the same year 1500 the inheritance of the Crowns of Spain descended to Donnia Iuana mother to the fortunate Prince Don Charls or Charls then bearing the title of Duke of Luxembourg SECT II. IN the year 1501 the Catholick Queen Donâ—ia Isabel of Castilia beeing fallen into a languâ—shing diseas and past hopes of â—ecoverie shee desired to see Don Philip and Donnia Iuana â—er daughter before her deceas Whereupon they took their waie through France where they were received and feasted in a Princely manner by King Lewis the Twelfth who treated with them concerning the marriage of his Daughter Claudia to their son Charls One of the Articles was That in case the said marriage should not bee consummated tâ—rough anie default of the said King of France the Emperor should invest and settle the Dukedom of Milan upon their son Don Carlâ—s Duke of Luxembourg And it so happened afterwards that the said match was broken off by tâ—e â—aid King Lewis which is a great Plea for the Crown of Spain against the Kings of France in the pretention of Milan Beeing arrived at Toledo where the Catholick King and Queen exspected them on Sundaie 22 Maie in the Cathedral Church they were sâ—orn Princes of Castilia and Leon Don Fernando and Donnia Isabel assisting at the Ceremonie with the Cardinal Don Diego Hurtaâ—o de Mendosa Don Fray Francisco de Xmenez Archbâ—shop of Toledo Don Bernardino de Valasâ—o Lord hâ—gh Constable of Castilia and Leon the Duke del Infantadâ— Duke of Alva Duke of Bejar Duke of Alburquerque and a mulâ—itude of other noblemen after which solemnitie the King went to Saragosa and the Queen with her Daughter and Don Philip went to Torisos Fuensâ—lida Casâ— Rubios and theâ—ce to Madrid from whence after â—om time Donnia Iuana went to Alcala de Henaâ—es where shee was brought to bed of the Infante Don Ferdinando or Ferdinand hee was baptized with exceeding great solemnitie by the Arch Bishop of Tolâ—do the Duke of Naxara and the Earl of Villena were his Godfathers and Madame de Luin his Godmother Which Ceremonie beeing past and Donnia Iuana throughly recovered shee and her husband whose presence was most earnestly desired in Flanders repaired both thither by the waie of France And beeing at the Citie of Lyons hee concluded the Peace betwixt his father Maximilian the Emperor Don Fernando King of Spain and Lewis the French King who again moved him about marrying the Duke of Luxembourg with his daughter Clavia who was to inherit the Dukedom of Britanie yet hee was the first occasion of breaking that agreement SECT III. IN the year 1505 a Parlament beeing call'd at the Citie of Toro in presence of the King Don Fernando with all the Grandees of the Kingdom and the Commissioners or Burgesses Donnia Isabel the Queen beeing deceased at Medina del Campo the Princess Donnia Iuana then beeing in Flanders was declaâ—ed Queen of Castilia and Leon and her son Don Carles heir and successor after her to those Kingdoms which pacified divers turbulent â—pirits and stopt the current of manie troubles and mischiefs that was like to overflow that Countrie This news was brought to Donnia Iuana then newly brought to bed of the Infanta Donnia Maria who was afterward married to the unfortunate King of Bohemia Lewis son to Uladislaus after whose death shee was Governess of Flanders for manie years and proved nothing inferior to her Brother in courage and other princely endowments onely shee was a woman Don Philip remaining still in Flanders with his Queen there grew such differences betwixt him and Don Fernando that finding an advantage in their absence Don Fernando sent Don Rodrigo Manrique his Embassador to the King of Portugal desiring him to give in marriage La Excelente otherwise called La Vâ—ltraneja thinking by virtue of her right and his powerful assistance to oppose Don Philip and make himself King of Castillia which argued no less weakness then Ambition in the Catholick King But the King of Portugal was so discreet as not to satisfie his desires aâ—d although hee had given his consent La Veltraneja would never have condescended thereunto for besides that shee was well stricken in years shee was altogether given to her devotion and valued not
Common People then neglect or forsake that which conduced to the King's service SECT XXXVI THis message which the Post brought from Segovia to the Governors declaring the crueltie done in that Citie possessed them with much trouble and care These risings touched the Cardinal to the heart and hereupon hee entred into consultation with those Gentlemen whom his Majestie had appointed to assist him After this the Gentlemen and Regidores of Segovia sent another Messinger to make their excuse to the Governor alledging That they had nothing to doe in the Death of Tordesillas nor the other two men neither were they able to hinder it in regard of the Mutinie of a great multitude of teazers of Wooll who made that scandalous uproar and outrage men of strange places vagabonds and who were already dispersed and fled from the Citie That if it could bee proved that anie man of account or worth in the Citie was amongst them or but anie waie favoured assisted or so much as consented to their barbarous proceeding they would willingly submit themselvs to anie Punishment that could bee inflicted on them The President of the Council Don Antonio de Rojas Arch-Bishop of Granada grew so cholerick and furious that through excess of passion hee gave the Messengers whom the Gentlemen Regidores and Citizens had sent to make their excuses such reproachful language and high threatnings that it spoiled all For returning to their Citie much distasted with this answer They were all scandalizâ—d at it and those that before were very quiet and peaceable began to incline to the Mutiniers The Cardinal beeing arrived at Valladolid the 5th of Iune 1520 the day before Corpus Christi eve the Arch-Bishop beeing gon thither two daies before Hee assembled all the Council and asked their opinions which were very different concerning this matter And becaus they are of so much importance to the Historie I will set down som of the most remarkable which were then taken in writing The first that spake was Don Antonio de Rojas President of the Council who declared himself in these words The opinion of Don Antonio de Rojas concerning Segovia MY LORDS wee who are dedicated to the Divine Sacraments have not the libertie to speak over boldly iâ— matters which concern humane rigors and chastisements becaus our profession is to shed tears for those which transgress against the God of Heaven and not spill the blood of those who offend earthlie Kings You see My Lords if the dignitie of Arch-Bishop invite's me to Clemencie the office of President which is conferred upon mee constrain's me to Iustice. This I say My Lords that you mâ—y not bee scandalized if I declare my self in this my vote I denie not that our Lord God giveth a beginning to all things with his Providence but yet manie of them hee persu's and concludeth with his rigor and Iustice. And this hee doth that the Good may bee incouraged to serv him and the wicked refrain from displeasing him According to this saying of the Prophet Misericordiam Judicium cantabo tibi Domine To com to the Purpose which now is in agitation This action of Segovia for my particular I hold it so hainous and scandalous that I cannot think of any Punishment great enough for it For where the offence is without weight the Penaltie ought to bee beyond measure Those of the Citie of Segovia have offended God in so barbarously putting to Death a man who better deserved to live then They. Which wicked action is of no less consequence then that it should wreak God's Iudgments upon them for the blood of his Innocencie is no other then the Crier or Proclaimer of Vengeance Again in my sense they are guiltie of Crimen laesâ—e Majestatis and it is very palpable for they did not murther Tordesillas for any offence hee had done them but for the service hee did the King in the Parlament And since for the King hee lost his life the King is obliged to see him revenged and in respect his Majestie is gone out of Castilla to receiv the Imperial Crown in Germanie It will bee sufficient if hee return in prosperitie that hee reward his wife and Children with some gratuity And wee are to proceed according to Iustice considering that the offence is as hainous as if it had been done to his own person For if I have served his Majestie beeing here present in giving him good Counsel I shall serv him more now My Lords in punishing misdeeds in his absence Moreover Since the King our Sovereign took shipping at the Groyn This is the first act of disobedience in Spain Wherefore I judge their crime the greater For an offence committed in absence alwaies argueth the more malice and where the malice is so great the Punishment ought to bee correspondent Item it is alleadged by those of Segovia that the Citie in general is not guiltie of this fact but only som particular men Carders did hang Tordesillas upon the Gallows I would fain know of them what was the reason why they did not punish those fellows since they were but few for there is no such testimonie of Innocence as to execute Iustice upon offenders In my opinion the Citie of Segovia cannot plead Non-Guiltie in this case for Five Thousand Citizens if they had listed might easily have withstood the furious insolence of Fiftie Teazers and those Strangers too But some secretly with their counsels others publickly using violence committed this insolent outrage For if it bee a crime in Wicked men to murther the good It is no less crime in good men not to resist the Wicked You have seen My Lords the peremptoriness of those of Toledo The King our Lord beeing at his Parlament in Santjago and the Groyn which was so great and scandalous that for my part I know not which was more to bee condemned their malicâ— in so doing or Xeures his negligence in not remedying it Wherefore I say that if that which was done hee being here hath pas't unpunished and this which hath bin committed in his absence be not remedyed from henceforwards I give all Castilla for lost and ruined For this is a General maxime if Iustice once lose her force presently start's up insulting Tyrannie Item since his Majestie 's departure out of this Kingdom This is the first scandal wherein it is requisite that the Council make appeare their Counsel and wisdom And there is nothing that can give a greater evidence thereof then in governing the People in such sort that wee may gain the affections of the good and bee no less feared by the evil If the death of this Regidor bee thus smothered and the insolence of Toledo dissembled the Carders of Segovia will thinke and the Cap-makers of Toledo will Proclaime that wee doe not let these things pass with our good wills but that wee dare not punish them And by this means Iustice will bee defamed in that shee cover's Feare and which is worst of all will
The Cardinal made them a thousand congies and excused himself saying that hee never commanded Medina to bee burned nor had any hand in the other mischiefs quite contrarie it grieved him to the very soul to hear what Fonseca had done And beeing desired by the Citie and thinking it to bee convenient himself hee commanded to bee proclaimed publickly that all those that were with Antonio de Fonseca should leav him and return to their houses and hee sent his express order to the same effect to Antonio de Fonseca commanding him to disband his men reserving onely what was necessarie for the guard of his own person in regard it was not possible to maintein an Army in those parts having no means nor place where to raise monie for their subsistance Fonseca was inforced to obey conforming himself to the time so taking a partie of hors with him hee went out of the Kingdom for all in that Countrie were his deadlie enemies and hee had no mind to bee surprised by them in Arevalo or either of his Towns of Coca or Alaejos but leaving them well fortified and his son Don Fernando in Coca hee passed into Portugal and thence by Sea into Flanders with the Judge Ronquillo SECT IV. ABout this time Caceres in Estremadura and the Citie of Iaen in Andaluzia where as yet the diseas had not broke out began to cry up the Commonaltie So that Don Rodrigo Mexia Lord of Santa Eufemia who had a great partie beeing born in that Citie labored and used all means possible to hinder the people from the outrages and mischiefs which were done in other Cities and not beeing able to bridle and restrain their furie otherwise hee took upon himself the charge of the Justice and Commonaltie Manie other Gentlemen made use of the like prudent dissimulation not beeing able to do otherwise Badajoz also beeing in the like distemper was quieted by his good industrie they of Badajoz took a fort from him that kept it for the Earl of Feria There is no reason why the Andaluzians should bee held any better then the Castillians for in all places the dissentions were much alike and their demeanors as if the common people had agreed and contracted together som yeares before SECT V. UBeda and Baeza were divided into two parties between the Venavides and the Caravajales both noble and ancient families in Castilla Don Luis de la Cueva cozen german to the Duke of Alburquerque was Captain of the Venavides Caravajal Lord of Todar which is a Village two leagues from Ubeda commanded the other partie In these factions there was so much animositie that one daie Don Luis de Ubeda coming in a litter for hee was an old man was set upon by Caravajal Lord of Todar attended by an hundred hors who gave him so manie thrusts with his lance that hee killed him in his litter This done hee was carried back to Ubeda where the manner of his death beeing related to his son Don Alonso and their kindred to revenge his father's death they went to the Village of Todar where they killed and cut the throats of all they could lay hands upon and afterwards set fire to the Village in manie places that some that hid themselvs in their houses were fain to leap out at the windows to avoid the fire The destruction and crueltie was so great that they reckoned of killed and burned about two thousand persons men women or children and onely the ruines of some houses in the village remained But indeed though these Gentlemen were Loyall like Noble persons yet it was so that in this there was more of passion and particular grudge and hatred then anie matter of Commonaltie For neither the Venavides nor those of la Cueva ever were Commoners or pretended to disserv the King But in these places with the occasion of the Kingdom 's beeing in a hurly-burly they made use of the Common Interest to revenge their private passions And it is apparent that if these Gentlemen did follow the Commonaltie as wishing it well yet they were none of their Captains SECT VI. CUenca in imitation of other Cities rose also and committed the like disorders In this Citie was Captain of the Commonaltie one Calaborra and with him a Bridle-maker whom the whole Citie obeied as their Lords And there beeing a person of principal note and power in the Kingdom Luis Carrillo de Albhornoz Lord of Torralva and Berreta they so much slâ—ghted him that hee was inforced to dissemble and sumâ—on all his reason and prudence to persuade his heart to brook it Their audaciousness grew to that pass that hee riding upon his mule through the street a Rascal of the Common sort struck him over the buttock saying in a scoffing manner Go thy waie Luis Carrillo hee was glad to let this pass the times not permitting him to do otherwise Luis Carrillo was married to Donia Inez Varrientos de Manrique a Ladie of a Masculine courage who desiring to revenge the injuries and affronts done to her husband and to stop and take off the opprobrious taunts of the people she invited the Captains of the Commonaltie to Supper and having well loaden their heads with wine shee caused them to bee carried to sleep in several chambers and beeing dead with sleep and the vapors of the wine shee commanded her servants to cut their throats and hang their bodies out at the windows next the street SECT VII AVila was the seat where all the Cities made their Assemblie Here they did such disorders as the loyal Citie of Avila ought not to have permitted The Common people were the onely Actors thereof for the Gentrie still persevered in the fidelitie of their Ancestors And becaus Antonio Ponce like a loial Gentleman would not swear to follow the Commonaltie they began to pluck down his hous but did not beeing hindred by som other Gentlemen The rest as in other Cities did swear and took the Engagement of the Commonaltie som willingly som becaus they did not rightly understand themselvs and others out of fear They would have pluckt down the hous of Diego Hernando de Quiniones becaus hee had granted the Subsidie beeing their Commissioner in the last Parlament but som good men intervening hindered the executing of their Purpose They had possessed themselvs of the Fort if Don Gonzalo Chachon Lord of Cassarruvios seeing the Commotions in most parts of the Kingdom and that Toledo had taken the Fort from Don Iohn de Silva and Segovia would have done the like to the Earl of Chinchon had not prudently and with dissimulation provided it hee beeing Governor thereof with Munition Arms and men taking them in by night and hiding them by daie The Fort beeing thus Ammunitioned when the Common-people ple flocked thither to take it they found greater resistance then they exspected And the Citie perceiving they might bee much damnified by the Fort and those of the Fort likewise by the Citie they treated of an
the nature of the Common people to follow the strongest partie he advanced higher into the Countrie with his Armie which daily increased insomuch that before hee could reach Valencia hee had above eleven thousand men and thirteen pieces of Ordnance wherewith hee encamped at a place called Paterna within sight of Valencia and sent the Citie a Summons which beeing surrendred upon Articles and the Vice-Roy repossessed of his Command the Marquis returned with his Armie to Murcia After his departure the Articles beeing not well performed the Confederates retired themselvs to Xativa where they chose for their Captain one Vicente Perez a fellow whose trade was to gather Acorns They assaulted and entred the Fort it beeing ill provided Besides the aforementioned there were divers strange presages in Valencia of these prodigious disorders amongst others upon a Tuesdaâ—e the 27 of Maie in the evening a Thunder-bolt fell upon a Church called El Asseu de Valencia which threw down one of the Pinnacles and burst the Clock in pieces Upon a Fridaie morning in the same month fell a sudden storm of hail with most terrible Thunder-claps after which in a ground betwixt the Countie of Oliva and Dutchie of Gandia were found three stones which fell from the skie in colour and make like flints Fray Antonio de Guevara Chronicler to his Imperial Majestie and Bishop of Mondoniedo reporteth that hee saw one of them hung in a chain in Santa Maria Church a league from Oliva which weighed no less then five and twentie pounds The passage which I am now about to relate is so remarkable that men cannot but admire the blindness which possessed the miserable people that affected these novelties and Insurrections There was nothing more certainly known in Spain then that the Prince Don Iohn onely issue male of his father and mother the Catholick Kings and immediate Heir to these Kingdoms died at Salamanca to the exceeding grief and resentment of his parents and all Spain and in those daies there was no further scruple or question thereof But since in the time of these unhappie Commotions the Confederates of Valencia were so besotted that a strange mean fellow of no accompt who came in a fugitive manner out of Africa and associated himself with them that they received him and beleiving or seeming to believ him to bee the Prince Don Iohn they swore allegeance to him as King and hee Commanded and ruled over them for two years until hee met with the end hee deserved as shall bee seen hereafter In the year of our Lord 1512 a certain Merchant of Biscaya named Iuan de Vilvao or Iohn of Bilbo went to trade at the Citie of Oran In the ship which carried him and his commodities hee light upon a passenger who addressing himself to him told him that hee could write and read in several languages and that if hee pleased to give him any competent subsistence hee would bee glad to serv him as his factor and teach his children the Merchant entertained him and took him on board with him at Cartagena thinking himself the happiest man living that hee had so luckily met with a man of such abilities to instruct his children and follow his business besides This fellow was of a low stature thin-faced of a sallow complexion hee had a terrible look his eies beeing of a black and green color little hair and thin upon his head his beard wors furnished hee was a man of verie few words in his Conversation somwhat too strict and austere seemingly intemperate in his diet a great eater but drank little hee spoke Spanish Arabick and Hebrew It never was known directly who his father was onely hee confessed while hee was under the lash that hee was a Jew's son and that hee was Circumcised but never Baptized for his father carried him into Barberie in the same year the Jews were driven out of Castilla Hee remained in this Merchant's hous until the year 1516 which vvas four years and to ingratiate himself the more vvith his Master hee told him thenceforvvards hee vvould call himself by his name Iuan de Vilvao But the Merchant having occasion to absent himself often from his hous leaving his wife children and goods all in charge with this servant one time at his return from Castilla hee was told by his neighbors that Iuan de Vilvao his man was a slepperie companion and that in his absence hee was too familiar with his wife others said hee had abused his daughter Hereupon without any further examination hee turned him presently out of his hous not declaring anie occasion or reason hee had for so doing becaus hee could not have his servant punished otherwise without bringing his own honor in question At that time there was a young man Corregidor of Oran who not knowing wherefore the Merchant had discarded his servant Iuan de Vilvao entertained him to bee his Steward The Corregidor having a handsom young wench which hee kept privately in his hous Iuan de Vilvao used all means possible to gain her acquaintance and affection and withall to persuade her to learn witchcraft for amongst other good qualities this wicked fellow was a great Practitioner in Negromancie The young maid beeing little pleased with his sollicitations resolved at last to acquaint the Corregidor how hee importuned her and that hee would persuade her to learn witchcraft but chiefly that hee had made her promise to give him poison that so they two might with more freedom enjoie each other's affection The Corregidor was much startled and amazed hereat for hee thought his hous and Paramour as secure with Iuan de Vilvao as if hee had committed her to the custodie of an Eunuch and therefore hee did not absolutely credit her accusation of him but afterwards observing with a more strict eie the carriage and demeanure of his â—teward hee was confirmed and satisfied of the truth especially when hee found the spells and poison which he was to use Hee committed him to the publick Gaol whence upon a market daie hee was fetch 't out set upon an Ass with his sorceries about his neck and whipped through all the principal streets of the Citie The people were all astonished that hee should bee so close a villain for every bodie had a very good opinion of him After this beeing banished Oran hee returned into Spain and dis-embarked upon the Coast of Valencia just in the time of these disastrous troubles Hee by his juggling inventions begat himself a great esteem and credit first amongst the Confederates of Algecira Afterwards hee came to Xativa under the name of Don Henrique Manrique de Ribera and beeing a subtil Impostor and the Confederates simple and besotted with passion hee wrought so much upon their blinde credulitie that they made him their General and by little and little hee so inveagled them that they held him for their God and their King Vicente Periz who was Captain General of the Confederate Rebels of Valencia made great
where the Deputie and his kinsmen had been proclaimed Traitors they thought it a thing much conducing to his Majestie 's service and their own securitie to apprehend this Judg which to effect the sons of Don Fernando de Alava Governor of Bernedo and Iohn de Alava his cosen germane with twentie men besides other friends and servants went to the Judge's lodging took him and his servants out of their beds clap't irons upon them and carried them to the Fort of Bernedo and took away the Orders which hee brought from the Iunta wherein they gave the charge of Governor and Captain General to Don Pedro de Ayala Earl of Salvatierra from the Citie of Burgos to Fuente Ravia The Judg remained under safe custodie in the Fort in mean time the Gentlemen who carried him thither returned to Vitoria where they found the People much distempered and murmuring at those men's imprisonment SECT XIX 'MOngst these Occurrences came an Express from the Lord High Constable with Letters notifying to those of Vitoria and the Province of Alava the Orders which his majestie had sent him encharging him with the Government of the Kingdoms and commanding all his Subjects to obey him as their Vice-Roy and Governor But those of Alava beeing much inclined to the Earl of Salvatierra said That they were upon a certain agreement with those of the Province of Guipuzcoa which beeing concluded they would obey as far as they were obliged But the Deputie Diego Martinez and all his friends received the said notification with due respect The Citie of Vitoria returned an answer to the Lord High Constable but would not give him the title of Governor whereupon som words passed between Iohn de Alava the rest who bade him in scurvie terms go out of the Assemblie but he boldly answered Get you gon like Traitors and Rebels for which words they caused him to bee apprehended In this interim a Priest from the Earl of Salvatierra desired to have conference with those of the Assemblie which the Deputie Diego Martinez knowing privately stole out from the rest and laid hands upon this Priest clapt him in prison and having opened his packet hee found several Letters to Friers and other particular men desiring them to induce the people to denie their obedience to the Governors This bred a main disorder and libels were scattered about by the people yet Martinez Pedro de Alava with all those of their kindred and alliance resolutely determined to maintein his Majestie 's Interest pressing and requiring all the rest to subscribe also to his Commands if not they protested against them styling them no otherwise then Rebellious and disloial Traitors Of all which proceedings they sent information to the Lord High Constable and hee to the Council Roial who then resided at Castroxeriz Those of Vitoria seeing their fidelitie brought into question resolved to submit and sent their Letters to that effect promising all obedience to the Lord High Constable beseeching him to pardon their former extravagancies and inconsidtrateness and that hee would give order to burn those Informations which Diego Martinez de Alava had sent to him against them which hee did So by the diligence and resolution of Diego Martinez de Alava and other Gentlemen of his name and familie the Citie of Vitoria was reduced and continued afterwards their Loialtie and obedience to his Majestie All these passages were in the year 1520 and the beginning of 1521 The Lord High Constable seeing that no reason would satiâ—fie the Earl of Salvatierra endeavored to do him what mischief hee could Hee took from him the Town and Castle of Empudia and put a Garrison of his own therein who as you have heard were again forced to quit that and other places by Iohn de Padilla In which time the Earl of Salvatierra having picked up a number of people out of the Merindades besides his own servants and souldiers hee led them as far as the Monasterie of San â—an Salvador de OnÌ„a witâ— intent to go recover Empudia but beeing informed there that the Bishop of Zamora had already taken it hee changed his resolution and turned his Forces towards Vitoria threatning to burn it to the ground if they did not renounce their obedience to the Lord High Constable and deliver the Deputie Diego Martinez and his brother into his hands The Citie beeing not a little stagger'd and affrighted at these high menaces sent messengers to the Earl with great submissions which so much abated his furie that all the month of Ianuarie 1521 they remained unmolested SECT XX. HIs Majestie 's Royal Council beeing at Briviesca and hearing what notable service Don Pedro Xuarez de Velasco Lord of Cuscurrita and Dean of Burgos had done his Majestie in that Citie and how couragiously hee had behaved himself they sent for him Don Pedro not knowing what danger might befall took about twentie Gentlemen and servants on horsback with him all well armed with green Coates over their Armor that no bodie could discern any thing besides the hounds and hawks they carried with them made no creature suspect any other then that hee went out to take his pleasure Beeing arrived at Briviesca the Council gave him order to subdue the seven Merindades of old Castilla who were up in Arms. Whereof Don Pedro would have excused himself saying That it was not suitable with his Coat to command Souldiers for hee went in the habit of a Priest by reason of his Deanry But those of the Council answered that although hee were effectively a Priest much more having onely the habit of one hee ought to change his surplice into a suit of Armor especially in cases wherein the service of God and the King was so much concerned Don Pedro seeing it was in vain to expostulate any further resolved to put their Commands in execution and considering hee was the Lord high Constable's Son discreetly valiant and beloved of every bodie many Gentlemen and persons of qualitie offered themselvs to venture their fortunes with him Beeing arrived within a league of Medina de Pumar which was hard by those Commoners whom hee went to suppress they had intelligence of his approach and forthwith disposed themselvs to give him battle Don Pedro though hee had nothing neer so many men resolved however to conquer them or die in the combat So having passed over a wooden Bridg hee gave them so hot and furious a charge that they quickly shewed their backsides and scattering themselvs in a disorderly manner they sought their securitie amongst the Craggie mountains hee pursued them as far as hee could and staid some time thinking they might rallie but hee heard no more of them So hee returned Victorious and lost not one of his men SECT XXI IN the month of March of the same year the Lord High Constable seeing that they exceedingly wanted Artillerie in regard the Commoners possessed all that which was in Medina del Campo hee gave order to fetch
grieved them to the souls that any man should die in that quarrel yet nothing would do SECT XXXIX ON Thursdaie the 21 of Februarie Iohn de Padilla marched out of Zaratan with his whole Camp which consisted of seven thousand Foot and five hundred Lances at two of the clock after midnight going very silently in good order and taking Guides along with them to shew them the waie to Torrelobaton in the very Suburbs whereof hee took up his quarters robbing and plundering all they could lay hands on but the people had carried all their best goods into the Town which was very strong The next daie Iohn de Padilla commanded his great Ordnance to bee planted in convenient places to batter â—he Town which hee did very smartly but all his shots were to little purpose for the rampires were extraordinarie After this hee gave them a brisk assault with great clamors of men and bouncing of Guns but hee got nothing by that for the besieged defended themselvs with much resolution In this Conflict which lasted all daie were divers slain and hurt but the most part were of Iohn de Padilla's men who fought at disadvantage having no defence nor rampires to shelter them so that seeing the great loss hee received and the little good hee did mosâ— of their ladders beeing too short and those that ventured to mount up were either knock'd down dead or shrewdly wounded hee thought it his best waie to fall off and sound a Retreat so the combate ceased for that time All that night Iohn de Padilla labored to entrench himself and rais a batterie in another place that hee might give them another fresh assault the next daie The Lord Admiral and the others at Tordesillas beeing advertised of Iohn de Padilla's beeing advanced to Torrelabaton sent presently to draw the Garrisons out of Simancas and Portillo with intent to reliev Torrelobaton if possible although they were but weak in Foot and the enemie had great store and very good First they sent out two Troops of Hors to discover the order and strength of the enemie's Camp with whom they had som slight skirmishes This daie Iohn de Padilla wasted in raising a new batterie and planting his Artillerie but hee found that pâ—rt of the Town no less strong then the former so that hee could do no execution but on the morrow which was the third daie of his beeing there hee removed his Ordnance to another part of the wall which was weaker where hee made som breaches which those of Valladolid and Toledo spying ran presently hurrying without order to enter the dispute continued very hot a great while but the Besieged behaved themselvs so gallantly that they were forced to retreat with no smal loss The same daie the Earl of Haro Captain General having left a sufficient Guard in Tordesillas marched out to face the enemie with a matter of a thousand Lances intending to give the Alarm on one side of the Town whil'st the Governor Don Francisco Ossorio Lord of Valdonquillo carried in a fresh suppliâ— of souldiers on the other Hee desired of the Lord Admiral that they might bee Horsmen but the Earl of Haro thought that not so convenient hee having more need of the Cavalrie for the field-battle Beeing com within sight of the Town in the Evening they staied upon the top of a hill whence the Earl sent a partie of his Hors to skirmish with som Arcabusiers who beeing betwixt the besieged and the mud-walls stood much to their advantage but seeing his men cruelly galled and able to do no good there hee commanded they should retreat to the bodie which was still upon the hill expecting Don Francisco Ossorio to put in execution their intended design but whil'st they were thus staying arrived a Gentleman with a Letter from the Lord Admiral to the Earl of Haro saying That hee might return again for hee had notice since that there was no such need of putting any succor into Torrelobaton for there was already strength sufficient to defend it notwithstanding this countermand divers Gentlemen offered to go into the Town but it could not bee attempted the Lord Admiral having forbidden the Ladders to bee brought which were agreed upon So it behoved the Earl to go back again that night to Tordesillas without bringing his purpose to effect to satisfie the Lord Admiral who as it afterwards proved was very much over-seen therein But som say hee was angrie becaus the Earl of Haro did not follow his advice in the prosecution of that design Iohn de Padilla beeing alarmed by these thousand Hors and finding that hee had not force enough for the offensive and defensive both sent presently to Valladolid for more Upon receipt of his Letter three thousand Foot and four hundred Hors were ordered to march to the Armie at Torrelobaton vvho vvent vvith as good a will to fight as if they had gon to gain the Iubilee On Saturday 28 Febr. they arrived in the suburbs to the no less rejoicing and encouragement of the Besiegers then the dis-heartening and terror of the Besieged who sent to the Lord Admiral complaining very much of Valladolid saying That onely that Citie â—id them all the mischief Sunday Munday and Tuesday they battered incessantly with all their Ordnance and very many were killed on both sides A man could not peep above the wall but hee had presently a bullet or an arrow in his head yet the Cavaliers stood out manfully but beeing not above four hundred Foot and som few Hors they were not able to defend themselvs and wâ—thstand the continual assaults of the Enemie having no intermission nor time to take any rest besides provisions began to fail them Iohn de Padilla having raised several batteries against the Town at last one of them made a breach where whil'st the besieged were defending themselvs in another part of the Town those of Valladolid entred with their Colors they sacked the Town with the greatest crueltie in the world they killed the poor laboring men becaus they could not give them what they demanded spilled all their Wines breaking the tubs in pieces they plundered the Churches stript the Altars and broke open the Tombs thinking to finde som hidden treasure therein Finally they did such things that the most savage bruits who have not the use of reason could not do wors respecting neither humane things nor divine Next daie beeing Wednesdaie they fell to battering of the Tower which defended it self stoutly but beeing full of women and children that had retired themselvs thither for securitie who feeling it shake at everie shot that hit it cried out fearing it would fall upon their heads and having nothing to eat it was surrendered upon condition to secure all their lives and half their goods Thus Iohn dâ— Padilla took Torrelobaton which was no inconsiderable piece of service Hereby hee gained himself much reputation amongst the Common-people it beeing but three leagues from Tordesillas where the Governors
with all their forces were The Towns which stood for the Commonaltie made great shews of rejoicing for this Victorie The Lord Admiral and those that were with him were cruelly netled hereat and beeing vexed more for their honor's sake then for the importance of the place they resolved to bee revenged So they gave notice forthwith to the Lord High Constable of all passages who commanded immediately four thousand men which hee had ready with four pieces of Ordnance to march by the waie of Palencia to Tordesillas whereof Don Iohn de Mendoça having intelligence sallied out of Valladolid with above four thousand Fooâ— and stopt their passage Tâ—e Cavaliers seeing they could get no succor that waie nor having men enough in Tordesillas to encounter Iohn de Padilla who was very strong besides all the Cities beeing their enemies they sent to demand a Truce for eight daies of Iohn de Padilla which although he and som of the Commissioners that were with him were not unwilling to grant yet they durst not without consulting with Valladolid for in regard they stood in great need of that Citie and were very much favored and assisted by them they bare them a singular respect and would determine nothing without their privitie This was communicated to all the people of Valladolid and discussed at length they all agreed to return this answer That they should by no means grant them any truce no not for one hour but proceed against them with all manner of rigor for it was most certain that they demanded a Truce for nothing els but meerly to recruit themselvs of men and provisions to the prejudice of the Commonaltie and if they did grant them eight or fifteen daies libertie by the ancient law of the Kingdom they might renew their Cessation still to ninetie and six daies and so from ninetie six to ninetie six until the year were out by which procrastinations the Commonalties would bee destroied and ruined and the people lose their courage and good zeal which at present did animate them to defend their Liberties yet notwithstanding Valladolid sent this answer the Commissioners of the Kingdom and the Commanders of the Armie did grant the Truce for eight daies from Sunday to Sundaie SECT XXXIX THis Cessation was demanded after the taking of Torrelobaton although that much displeased the Lord Admiral and Fray Francisco de los Angeles went to Valladolid in his and the Cardinal's name to treat thereof whom Alonso de Vera a bridler and one of the worshipful Citie officers meeting at the Gate del Campo treated very uncivilly and would not suffer to enter into the Citie After this Alonso de Ortiz with danger enough of his life ventured to return thither with Letters of credence to treat about the same business Who beeing entred into the Citie communicated his errand to Don Pedro de Ayala and Don Hernando de Ulloa whom hee found died in grain for his purpose and forth with they gave order that the Iunta should assemble to hear the message that Alonso de Ortiz brought from Tordesillas Which beeing heard and the Articles and conditions of the Truce being almost concluded and the time for the continuance thereof limited it chanced that Fray Pablo and Sancho Zimbron who â—arried the Articles of the Kingdom into Flanders to get them granted and auâ—horized by his Majestie as hath been alreadie mentioned arrived at Valladolid And hearing that they were about a Treatie of Cessation of Arms Fray Pablo presently sent notice of his arrival to the Iunta desiring them that they would not conclude of either Peace or War or Truce until hee came to give them an account of the employment upon which they had sent him into Flanders Hereupon that business was suspended until the evening And then the Commissioners of the Kingdom beeing set againe Fray Pablo came and gave them an account of his journie and what hee had done Amongst other relations hee told them that when hee came into Flanders the Emperor was gon into Germanie whither hee and Sancho Zimbron intended to follow him but by the waie hee was informed that his Majestie had given order if they came into Germanie to have them hanged Whereupon they went no further Moreover that hee knew that his Majestie was so displeased with those Articles and so incensed against those that had aâ—y hand in the making of them or in raising those Commotions in the Kingdom that at his return into Spain they should bee all severely punished notwithstanding any engagement or promises the Governors had made to the contrarie in his name This information the Frier gave the Commissioners of the Kingdoms besides divers other particulars which are too tedious to relate In conclusion hee told them that his advice was that they should contract neither Peace nor Truce with the Grandees but stand firm and unanimously persevere in their former resolution So that if his Majestie would com again into their Kingdom 〈◊〉 might bee through their means and not by the Grandees For that beeing done by a permissive will of the Kingdom they might make their own conditions and have what securitie they pleased besides they might so make their bargain that if his Majestie did not perform his agreement with them the Kingdom might remain united and agreed That all the people should assemble whensoever occasion did require and stick close one to the other in what concerned them for their defence and have sufficent assurance that the agreement made with them should bee performed Wherefore his opinion was that they ought not onely not to grant the Truce which was desired but couragiously to persist in the War until they had destroyed the Grandees and made the Commissioners of the Kingdom with the Iunta Lords of the Countrie Notwithstanding this discours of Fray Pablo the Commissioners commanded Ortiz to continue the Treatie After all this it hapned that the Frier sitting next to Ortiz and taking him to bee a Commissioner of som Citie that was com to the Iunta since his departure hee began to repeat som thing of his discours to the other Commissioners but chiefly harped upon the Emperor's intent to punish the Commoners notwithstanding any pardon the Governors should promise them in his behalf Whereupon not well brooking his speeches Ortiz asked him how hee knew the Emperor had any such thought Hee answered hee was told so Then Ortiz could hold no longer but with a voice that might bee heard by all in the room said That hee wondred that a man of his coat and gravitie beeing a Doctor of Divinitie who ought to give good example should positively saie a thing of such importance as that which hee had verified to those Gentlemen in these words That notwithstanding any pardon the Gavernors should grant confirmed by his Majestie those who had raised the Commotions in the Kingdom his Majestie would punish at his return as if they had been taken in the fact upon no other certaintie but onely
without bloodshed to peace and due obedience to his Majestie should pass without mentioning for the eternal memorie of so noble a person and the honor of his generous familie who as it is well known was of the blood Roial Having advertisment that DonÌ„a Maria Pacheco Mendoça wife to Iohn de Padilla had a great hand with her husband and might contribute much to the withdrawing him from that imployment nay that hee had done the more by her instigation and spurring him on And that Pedro Lopez de Padilla his father was yet living in Toledo but very old and decrepit the Lord Admiral sent a Gentleman one of the Emperor's servants to them with instructions full of prudent and sage counsels and advice and strong arguments to convince and persuade them to induce Iohn de Padilla to moderate his over-violent passion and admit of a Treatie with him advising him not to bee so extreme careful and earnest in advancing the affairs of Valladolid as to forget his own assuring him that if hee would as then it was in his power but contribute his consent to the concluding of a Peace hee would not onely procure a pardon from his Majestie of all past-offencers but set him highly in his esteem and obtein divers favors and Mercedes to bee confirmed upon him and his children These and divers other good remonstrances hee gave Alonso de QuinÌ„ones to urge at Toledo to the above-named persons but hee might gave saved that labor SECT VI. THose of the Iunta hearing of the great Power which the Earl of Salvatierra had assembled in the Mountains wherewith hee had possessed himself of the Artillerie which was coming from Navarra to the Cavaliers and of the Forces which the Bishop of Zamora had in the Kingdom of Toledo besides those which were with Iohn de Padilla had their hearts at eas thinking their game cock-sure Moreover divers of the Kingdom who had look'd on till then seeing the Grandees so hard bestead took up Arms to make good the Caus of the Commonaltie And had things been as those of the Commonaltie could have wished they would have had partakers and abettors enough But there is no Law in this life for the good or the evil to overcom or bee overcom for favorable or an advers fortune Yet seeing themselvs in so good a condition and highly resenting the Proclamation which was published by the Governors against them and the Cities they resolved to paie them in the same coin They fulminated a Process as they pleased themselvs and having commanded a great Scaffold to bee erected in the chief market-place of Valladolid adorning it with hangings of rich cloth of gold and silk and steps and seats placed in good order on Sundaie the 17 of March 1521 all the Commissioners of the Iunta and Deputies with a great number of Attendants and sound of trumpets drums and other musick came and seated themselvs upon it Before them went the Kings at Arms with the Maces and Coats of the Kingdom and beeing placed in their throne their Attornie general read with a loud voice That they had made a process against the Admiral and Constable of Castilla the Earl of Venavente Earl of Haro Earl of Alva de Lista Earl of Salinas Maâ—quis of Astorga the Bishop of Astorga against the Secretaries and other Officers of the evil Council for so they termed his Majestie 's Council and against the High Treasurers and under Treasurers the Merchants and other Inhabitants of Burgos Tordesillas â—imancas and other places declaring them Traitors and breakers of the Truce expressing divers reasons especially the burning of Medina del Campo with the cruel and inhumane sacking of Tordesillas wherein they alleged the Cavaliers shewed neither respect to God nor his Saints nor the person of the Queen who was present and that two Souldiers without fear of God or their own consciences broke into a Church and stript the image of our Ladie and cut off one of her arms for greediness of som gold which there was upon it That som others took away the Custodia whereof one eat up the consecrated Hostia They ripped up a thousand more such like things which I shall now omit to rehears Thus our Spaniards treatâ—d each other beeing all of the same Nation and language and yet all this was for their King's service as they pretended and to free the Kingdom from Tyrants SECT VII AFter this the War grew very hot and their passions on both sides implacable and no daie passed without some sallying out of the Garrisons to robb and spoil each other Som Companies of musketiers having notice of provisions and munition that was carrying to Tordesillas marched out of Torrelobaton to intercept them Whereof the Earl of Haro beeing informed took a stout partie of hors with him and gave such a hot charge to Iohn de Padilla's men that hee left divers of them dead upon the place and took one hundred and fiftie prisoners which so scared the rest that they never durst quatch afterwards nor make any incursions upon his Territories as when they came first thither they boasted they would do Those of Medina del Campo roving in like manner on the other side the Earl of Haro with all the Nobles and Gentrie in Tordesillas except the Lord Admiral whom in respect of his age and charge of Governor they desired to staie with the Queen went one daie purposely to face it and scour the whole Countrie about it at whose appearing those of the Town sallied forth and skermished with them in which encounter some of them were sorely wounded others taken prisoners amongst whom was Alonso Luys de Quintanilla their Captain Son to Don Luys Quintanilla to whom as is alreadie said those of the Iunta committed the charge of her Majestie when they took Tordesillas Iohn de Padilla having intelligence from some Inhabitants of Tordesillas of the Earl of Haro's grand sallie Determined with his Armie to assault it in his absence and put the Governors to a rout and some report that hee had a promiss from those inhabitants to make one of the Gates for him Which beeing told the Lord Admiral and that Iohn de Padilla was alreadie upon his march hee sent word immediately to the Earl of Haro who lost no time after this notice but with all his gallant partie came thundring back to Tordesillas which Iohn de Padilla perceiving hee durst not prosecute his design but wheeled back to his Garrison of Torrelobaton After this they remained some daies prettie quiet without any encounter or action considerable For by reason of Iohn de Padilla's obstinate resolution of staying in Torrelobaton his Armie was so diminished that hee had not men enough left to make a sallie of any consequence Wherefore hee sent to Salamanca Toro Zamora and other Cities demanding fresh supplies On the other side the Governors agreed to put in effect what they had discussed amongst themselvs which was That the Lord high Constable coming
from Burgos with his forces they should all joyn in one bodie and make up an Armie sufficient to encounter Iohn de Padilla in case hee should take the field the succors which hee exspected beeing arrived or to besiege him where hee was for beeing divided they could not attempt either of those enterprises without danger and a doubtfulness of the success neither indeed had they strength enough to perform either design considering they must leav a competent Garrison in Tordesillas According to this resolution the Lord High Constable other Noblemen with the forces they brought w th them to Burgos prepared themselvs for the journie The Duke of Naxara then Vice-roy of Navarra sent him a thousand old souldiers and som Artillerie which with his own men and those other Noblemen's with him made three thousand choice Foot and five hundred gallant Hors well Armed besides som Gentlemen and Light Horsmen and besides those which hee sent before with Don Diego de Sarmiento Earl of Salinas and those which his Nephew Don Pedro Xuarez de Velasco carried to subdue the Merindades With these forces marched the Lord High Constable from Burgos leaving the Citie under the government and guard of Don Antonio de Velasco Earl of Nieva with a competent number of men to that purpose Iohn de Padilla and the other Captains of the Commonaltie having notice hereof sent presently to the town of Vezerril which is in Campos where he was to pass advertising and requiring Don Iohn de Figueroa brother to the Duke of Arcos who still followed the Commonaltie with som Cuirassiers and Light Horsmen then beeing at Vezerril to defend the pass and do the Lord High Constable what disturbance and mischief hee could but hee beeing arrived commanded his men to storm the Town which was done and hee entred without any great difficultie it beeing a place of no considerable strength Don Iohn de Figueroa and another Gentleman with him called Don Iohn de Luna were sent prisoners to the Castle of Burgos which done the Lord High Constable continued on his march to Rioseco where hee arrived with four thousand Foot six hundred Hors three or four great Pieces of Ordnance about five hundred Gascones and six hundred Moors of the Kingdom of Aragon Vassals to the Earl of Almenara wherewith hee served the Cavaliers SECT VIII THe Cavaliers had so plaied their Cards in the Kingdom of Aragon that two thousand souldiers were raised in the Citie of Saragosa and paied at the Kingdom 's charge who beeing mustered and ready to depart the Common people of the Citie hearing that they were levyed in favor of the Cavaliers against the Commonalties of Castilla There was such a hubbub and uproar of a sudden in the Citie that all the people fell unawars upon those souldiers disarmed and routed them quite saying that Aragon had nothing to do to meddle or contradict any thing concerning the liberties of Castilla Don Pedro Giron who was retired to a Town of his named PenÌ„afiel gave intelligence of the raising of these men to those of the Commonaltie and that a great part of them after they were disarmed marched to the Lord high Constable at Burgos whom upon this notice they saie the Earl of Salvatierra did cut off by the waie which was a thing of no great difficultie considering in what ill equipage and condition they then were Don Pedro said moreover that hee sent them this advertisement meerly out of a desire to express his readiness to serv the Commonalties and the Citie of Valladolid telling them that it would not bee amiss to send their acknowledgments and thanks to Saragosa for doing them so great a favor without beeing desired Hee wrote another letter to Valladolid immediately after hee had deserted them and relinquished the office of Captain General vindicating himself of the suspitions and fault wherewith they charged him offering to return unto his Command and desiring them to bee favorable in their censure until they knew further Whereupon som gave their Votes for his returning to his Charge alleging that although hee had committed an error and in probabilitie not unwillingly in marching to Villapando and leaving the waie clear for the Cavaliers to go from Rioseco to Tordesillas the fault was chiefly to bee derived upon Don Pedro Lasso But Iohn de Padilla had gained so much repute amongst them and the Common People that most of the Iunta disliked that proposition And it was better for Don Pedro Giron they did so for it was a stain to the greatness of his birth to bee Captain of such people SECT IX BEfore I com to relate the end which befell Iohn de Padilla and the Iunta's Armie the several passages and exploits of the Bishop of Zamora present themselvs unto my pen. When hee marched from Valladolid by the Iunta's order hee gave out that hee went to take possession of the Arch-Bishoprick of of Toledo then vacant by the death of Guillermo de Crouij nephew to Monsieur de Xeures Hee carried with him an handâ—om Armie of both Foot and Hors with five field-pieces In Toledo hee was very well received and the Citie furnished him with more men and Artillerie from Alcala de Henares hee took six Pieces more so that hee had in all fifteen Pieces of Ordnance Don Antonio de ZunÌ„iga his adversarie was likewise very strong having at least six thousand Foot and proportionable number of Hors besides divers Gentlemen that were com to assist him Amongst whom Don Pedro de Guzman a valiant young Gentleman whom his Majestie made the first Earl of Olivares was chiefly taken notice of for his good service I have already mentioned how the Dutchess of Medina Sidonia DonÌ„a Leonora de ZunÌ„iga by her masculine courage and resolution appeased the disorders and insurrection which Don Iohn de Figueroa attempted to rais in Sevilla since which hearing of the Commotions in the Kingdom of Toledo and that her brother Don Antonio de ZunÌ„iga Prior of San Iuan was engaged in the suppressing of them shee pick'd out a thousand of her choicest Foot and an hundred Hors with six field-pieces all at the Duke her eldest son's charges and sent Don Pedro de Guzman her third son with them to the end in Don Antonio de Zuniga his unkle's companie hee should give testimonie of his valor and fidelitie to the Emperor against those revolters Don Diego de Caravajal Lord of Todar and his brother Don Alonso came likewise to assist Don Antonio in this expedition with a reasonable number of men With all which forces the Prior marched out of Almaguer toward OcanÌ„a thinking to reduce it to his Majesties subjection either by force or composition The Bishop of Zamora who had no less forces with him put his Armie in a posture to encounter him and both came into the field with a full determination to fight which som devout religious men grieving for the loss that both parties were like to sustein endeavored by
the thousand men from Palencia and DuenÌ„as were also hindered from joining with him by reason of the Lord High Constable's beeing at PenÌ„aflor whereby hee plainly perceived his own and the other Captain 's unadvisedness and over-sight in spinning out so much time there The Lord High Constable the Lord Admiral and the other Grandees concluded to make their Rande-vous at PenÌ„aflor leaving with the Queen and for guard of the Town the Cardinal of Tortosa Don Bernardo de Sandoval Marquis of Denia with his troop of Hors Don Diego de Rojas Lord of Santiago de la Puebla with his and as many companies of Foot which was sufficient the walls of the Town beeing in very good repair They presently dispatched orders to those in garrison at Portillo to com to the Rande-vous and to the Earl of OnÌ„ate to staie with his Hors in Simancas to hinder Valladolid from sending any succor to Iohn de Padilla This done the Earl of Haro having given command over-night to have his men in a readiness the next morning they all marched to PenÌ„aflor where they reposed that night beeing Sundaie Mundaie by break of daie becaus they would lose no time the Governors and the Captain General drew all their forces into the field which amounted to about seven thousand Foot and two thousand four hundred Hors besides som Noblemen and Gentlemen of the greatest qualitie in Castilla That daie they did nothing but muster their men sending in mean time som Light-horsmen to discover in what posture Iohn de Padilla was in Torrelobaton for they were generally of opinion to besiege him so close that hee might not go thence without giving them battle and they made no question of worsting him their Armie exceeding his if not in number in goodness and valor of the men With this resolution they returned to their quarters SECT XVIII JOhn de Padilla and the other Captains understanding the advantage the Cavaliers would have of them in the field durst not encounter them and fearing to bee besieged they began too late to bee sensible of their own carelesness or imprudence in staying so long at Torrelobaton and thinking their safest cours would bee to march secretly thence assoon as possibly they could and make no staie until they arrived at Toro where they might remain securely until the succors came to them from Zamora Leon Salamanca and the other Cities whereof they were in daily exspectation or go from thence to Salamanca as they saw occasion they resolved so to do Whereupon a certain Priest sitting at the table with him thus said S ir I have seen a Prophecie in which is declared that the Commonalties shall this daie bee vanquished and the Cavaliers remain victorious therefore I beseech you S ir depart not this daie from Torrâ—lobaton Whereunto Iohn de Padilla made this answer Go tâ—ust not in such foolish and vain predictions but in God repose your confidence to whom I shall willingly sacrifice this life and my person for the publick good of these Kingdoms and in regard it is now no time to flinch I do resolv to die and let him dispose of mee as shall bee most for his Glorie This was on Tuesdaie morning whilest Iohn de Padilla was at break-fast Which done his Armie marched out with all silence possible and in good order the Artillerie in the Van his Foot divided into two squadrons and hee bringing up the rear with the hors The Governors and their Captain General soon had intelligence of Iohn de Padilla's march and presently made after him three several waies whom without any great difficultie they took prisoner and routed all his Armie The manner of their fight is diversly reported by several Authors but one who saie's hee was a spectator thereof relate's it thus That upon St George's daie the Cavaliers having notice of Iohn de Padilla's departure from Torrelobaton towards Toro they sallied out upon him from three several places those of Tordesillas charged his Armie in the Van those of Medina de Rioseco in the Rear and those of Simancas falling desperately in upon the Flanks put all in disorder The Commoners marched until they came neer Villalar in very good order and the Cavaliers were of several opinions concerning the giving of them battle Some said it was enough to make them flie and lose their credits and that it was wisdom not to put a business of such importance to the hazard of one battle That their Foot was very numerous and in appearance good that those which the Lord high Constable brought were but few and much harassed besides if they miscarried in this enterprise their hopes were all destroied with their forces But the Marquis of Astorga the Earl of Alva Don Diego de Toledo insisted with much eagerness to charge them their voices carrying it against the more timorous partie they did make after them Who having great store of excellent hors I. de Padilla's men being ill disciplin'd besides the waies being so deep that they could hardly march seeing the enemie advance towards them in great bodies several waies their courage began to fail yet their Captains animated them all they could The Cavaliers follow'd them stil in this manner their hors skirmishing now then with them until they came neer Villalar where having got within shot of them they let flie their Ordnance amongst their ranks who march'd very close which kill'd them by heaps This made their hearts fal to their heels for hast to get into the town they ran one over the other notwithstanding all their officer's endeavors to keep them in order for their further misfortune there fel so fierce a shower of rain that the Foot stuck fast engaged in the mire to the very knees neither could they make any use of their Artillerie partly by reason of the ill wether partly through the baseness of their gunners the chief wherof nam'd SaldanÌ„a a native of Toledo not wel understanding his office fled awaie left the Artillerie in a plowed field Although some have reported that Don Pedro Maldonado dealt privatly with the gunners so to engage the Ordnance that they should do no execution against the Cavaliers having so promised his Uncle the Earl of Venavente who had made him sensible of his error However it was the Cavaliers seized upon all their Artillerie and divers of Padilla's men both Hors and Foot saved themselvs by coming to them having first changed their red crosses into white ones which was the sign of the Loial Partie Iohn de Padilla expressed a great deal of courage and valour in his own person and seeing his game quite lost hee with five Horsmen more charged into the Earl of Venavente's troop and beeing known to bee the General of the other Partie by the richness of his Armor was presently encountred by Don Pedro Baçan Lord of Valduerna native of Valladolid Iohn de Padilla was in complete Armor and bore
in his hand a Lance all plated with iron wherewith meeting Don Pedro Baçan who was a corpulent heavie man and but slightly armed him hee gave so rude a salutation that hee was soon unhors't Iohn de Padilla still charged on crying Santjago Libertad which was the Commoner's word and the Cavalier's word was Santa Maria y Carlos at last hee broke his Lanâ—e to the cost of som of his enemies after which Don Alonso de la Cueva singled him out and having wounded him bade him deliver his Arms which hee did Beeing thus a prisoner Don Iohn de Ulloa a Gentleman of Toro came riding up and asking who that was som told him that 't was Iohn de Padilla whereupon hee gave him a cut over the Bever and hurt his nose but not much for which hee was mightily condemned by all that saw or heard of that ungentleman-like action So John de Padilla was dismounted and remained Prisoner John Bravo Captain of the Segovians who would also signalize himself was likewise taken and Francisco Maldonado Captain of the Salamanca forces had the like destinie but his men having all forsaken him hee was catch't running after them as hard as hee could The Cavaliers spent all the rest of that daie in wounding killing and taking having the pursuit of their enemies two long leagues and a half Many dying men desired to make their confessions but there was no bodie would assist them nor take any compalsion of their condition which was a lamentable spectacle beeing all Christians friends and kindred The Cavaliers beeing masters of the field stript all both living and dead sharing the spoil equally amongst themselvs John de Padilla vvould oft bemoan his sad misfortune saying If after the taking of Torrelobaton hee had followed on his victorie hee should never have been reduced to so deplorable a condition vvhich vvas very true for by his staying tvvo months there the Cavaliers cunningly delaied the time vvith Cessations until they had so strengthened their Partie that they over-povvered him But the All-seeing Providence disposed it othervvise At first the Commonalties hearing that their Armie vvas routed and John de Padilla taken gave out that it vvas som plot or treacherie of his to lose the battle laying many other things of this nature to his charge but they vvere better satisfied of his realitie to their Caus vvhen they savv hee lost his head for it SECT XIX THe next morning betimes the Governors commanded Don Pedro de la Cueva to convoy the prisoners Iohn de Padilla Don Pedro Maldonado Francisco Maldonado Iohn Bravo to the Castle of Villalva While they were preparing to go Iohn de Padilla asked Don Pedro whither hee was commanded to carrie them who answered him That for the present they were to go to Villalva whither afterwards hee knew not Soon after they were sent for thence to Villalar and put into a hous with a good guard upon them The Governors beeing infomed of their arrival there gave order that Iohn de Padilla Iohn Bravo and Don Pedro Maldonado should bee beheaded and Francisco Maldonado carried to the Castle of Tordesillas But as hee was on the waie thither a messenger overtook him from the Governors who told Malbaseda Lievtenant to Don Diego Hurtado de Mendoça who had the charge of him that hee should bring Francisco Maldonado back again to execution for the Earl of Venavente had desired them not to behead Don Pedro Maldonado in his presence beeing his Nephew And becaus it had been divulged that Don Pedro Maldonado should bee beheaded which at the Earl's entreatie was countermanded the Lords had Voted that Francisco Maldonado should bee executed in his place So hee beeing returned the Governors sent for the Alcalde of the Chancerie of Valladolid Commanding him to execute Justice upon the persons of Iohn de Padella Iohn Bravo and Francisco Maldonado The Alcalde presently went to the hous where they were prisoners and bade them prepare themselvs for the Governors had given order for their executions Iohn de Padilla desired him to send him a learned Priest to confess him and a Notarie to make his Will and som witnesses The Alcalde replied That in the place where they then were hee could not exspect to finde any men of extraordinarie learning yet hee would enquire and if hee could finde one hee would satisfie his desire therein but as for a Notarie to make his Will hee need not trouble himself for all his goods and estate were Confiscate In the condemnation of these Gentlemen there was no process nor formal proceeding made as used to bee in other criminal causes by reason of the evidence of the fact and the qualitie of the offence At last a Priest was sent to them and Iohn de Padilla beeing at Confession a Franciscan Frier came who was thought an abler man so Iohn de Padilla and the rest made use of him Their Confessions beeing ended they were brought forth and carried upon Mules to the place of Execution Before them went a Crier saying This is the Justice which his Majestie and the Lord High Constable with the other Governors do command in his name to bee executed upon the persons of these Gentlâ—men Their command is that they shall bee beheaded as Traitors disturbers of the Kingdom and usurpers of the Roial Crown c. The said Alcalde Zarate and the Licenciado Cornejo Alcalde de Corte went along with them to autorise the execution of the Justice John Bravo hearing the Crier saie that they were to suffer for beeing Traitors hee replied Hangman thou liest and those that bid thee saie so we are no Traitors but zealous for the publick good and defendors of the Kingdom 's liberties Hereupon the Alcalde Cornejo bid John Bravo hold his peace whereunto John Bravo answered I know not what and the Alcalde gave him a punch in the breast with his staff wishing him to consider his present condition and not affect such vanities And John de Padilla said moreover to him SenÌ„or John Bravo yesterday was the time to fight and shew your self a valiant Gentleman this daie to die like a Christian. So the Crier continued his lesson until they came to the place of execution where being arrived they all alighted from their Mules to receiv the fatal blow John Bravo beeing first called to execution they bid him bend and settle himself in a fit posture hee replied That they might force him if they would and so they did seizing on him and stretching him upon a carpet which done the Hangman cut his throat and would do no more until the Alcalde Cornejo commanded him to cut his head quite off saying Traitors were so to bee used and their heads to bee set upon the gallows which was done accordingly The next beeing Padilla's turn hee very willingly prepared himself and having taken of certain Reliques which hee wore about his neck hee gave them to Don Enrique de Sandoval y Rojas
Aragoneses before they would acknowledg Charls their King Quarrel be-the Castillians and Aragoneses about the receiving Charls as King Anno 1519 The Empeâ—or Maximilian's deaâ—h in Germanie His conditions The King of Fâ—ance'â— ambition to the Imperial Crowâ— Seven Elâ—câ—oâ—s oâ— the Empire Câ—aâ—ls the Fâ—â—â—t elected Emperor Hâ—ughtiâ— hâ—militie of the Eaâ—l Vâ—nâ—vâ—nâ—â— in 〈◊〉 to bee mâ—de Knight of the gâ—lden Fleâ—ce The Catalanes make difficultâ—e of acknowledging Charls King Those of Valencia reâ—use to aâ—knowledg him Their proud answer Troubles in Germanie The Martial Don Pedro refuseth the Oath of Alâ—gâ—ance Iohn de Padilla was afterwards their General a mâ—n of noble extraction and a high Spirit Diâ—â—atâ—s in those oâ— Vaâ—ladolid Tolâ—do write's to Valladâ—lid Vallâ—dolid's answer to Toledo Iohn de Padilla Don Pedro Lasso and Hernâ—ndo de Avalos principal Actors for the Commons in Toledo Corregidor is as our Majors are in England Dissentions in â—he Aâ—â—emblie at Toledo Here the Autor mislook his â—carms speaking like a flattering Friâ—r Râ—gidores and Iuâ—ados are in â—he nature of our Aldermen and Common-Council men Parlament call'd in Galicia Tâ—e Autor ought rather to have said Promoters of â—he People's good Vâ—lladolid's answer to the Commissioners of Toledo Bold speech of Don Pedro Giron to the Emperor Tumults in Vâ—lladolid The People stop the Emperor at the gates of the Citie The Emperor displeased with the Toledians The Commissioners of Salamanca refuse the Oath in open Parlament Dissentings in the Parlament The Galicianâ— distasted Emulations in the Court. The Toledians protest against the Parlament at Santjago Rather the chief instrument of the Common good The Autor undervalue's Iohn de Padilla out of passion for contrary to his discription hee was a man of Singular wit learning and mature judgment and his Wife was a Ladie Nobly descended and the most Masculine Heroick Spirit that ever Spain bred This Plot the Fryer writ upon report Neither were these men such base fellows as hee make's them but persons of quality Tumults in Toledo Their grounds were good and had suâ—â—ceeded better if they had not bin betrayed by som of the Nobility Extraction of Don Pedro Lâ—ssâ— Cardinal Adriano made Governor during his Mâ—jestie's absence His Council The Emperor imbark's for Flanders Hee arrive's in England Cardinal Wolcey receive's him at his landing His reception by the King and Queen at Canterburie Tumults in Segovia Antâ—nio de Tordesillas Râ—gidor and Commissioner of Sâ—govia hanged by the People Commotions in the Citie of Zamora Earthquake in Burgos The Common people of the Câ—tie rise up in Arms. Their design upon Don Diego de Osorio's hous Upâ—oars in Madrid In Siguenca Guadalaxara Salamanca Muâ—cia The people of Guadâ—laxara rise up agâ—inst their Commissionerâ— Toledo and Madrid Succor Segovia Iohn de Padillae made Capâ—ain of the Toledians Iohn Bravo Captain of the Segovian forces Ronquillo refuseth to ingage in battle Antonio de Fonseca commanded by the Cardinal to assist Ronquillo Segovia write's to those of Medina del Campo not to deliver their Artillerie to Fonseca Antonio de Fonseca advanceth with his forces to Medina to demand the Artillerie They refuse to deliver the Artilerie Fonseca storn the Town Is repulsed The unfortunate burning of Medina del Campo by Fonseca's men Bobadilla Captain of the people in Mâ—dina Medina complain's to Valladolid of their misfâ—rtuneâ— Valladolid's answer to the Emperor's Letter Tumulâ—s in Vâ—llaâ—olid for the burning oâ— Mâ—dâ—na The Câ—rdinall disclaime's Fonsecâ—'s burning of Medinâ— and Command's him to disband his men Commotions in Caceres and Iaen quieted by the discretion of Don Rodrigo Mexia Factions in uâ—eda and Bâ—â—za Cuenca risetâ— for the Commonaltiee The Autor bâ—ing a Frier sheweâ— himself more a Flattâ—rer then the Priest a Fool for the one praied simply the other writ colloguingly taking all advantage tâ— advance his Interest iâ— Court Toro and Ciudad Roderigo declare for the Commonaltie Factions in â—he Citie of Leon. A â—rophâ—sâ—e Toledo invite's all the other Cities to send their Commissioners tâ— the Assemblie at Avila Leguizama the Judg by order from the Council goeth to punish the disorders in Murcia The people rescue the offendor and muâ—inie against Leguizâ—ma The Marquess of Velez's answer to Leguizama Leguizamâ— forced to leav the Citie Hee flie's to Mula The people rise there also and rais the Countrie against him Don Iohn de Figueroâ— declarâ—th for the Commonaltiâ— in the Citie of Sevillâ— The Quâ—trosâ—te â—te Four and twentie chiefmen chosen by the Citie for the managing of affairs Don Iohn taken prisoner and the Citie quieted Salamanâ—â— up in Armâ— Don Pedro Maldonâ—do Captain in Salamancâ— Here the Autor flatter's The Junta began in Avilae Iuliâ— 29. 1610. Where they sâ—ayed not â—â—ng before they went to Tâ—â—dâ—sillas A wiser man then the Author or els probablie bee never had raisâ—d himself from nothing to so great prefeâ—ment Hâ—re the Aâ—thor would disgrace and undervalue if hee could the bravest wiâ—t that ever Spain bred the hoâ—or of his Countrie whose inâ—entions were oâ—ely for the Common-wealth's good and had hee not been betrayed by some Nâ—â—le-men of his Partie hâ—e â—ad made it 〈◊〉 most glâ—ioâ—s Common-Wealâ—h in the World Hee is much lamented by manie persons of qualitie in Spain yet 〈◊〉 this dâ—ie Alguazil is an officer of justice in Spain Regimiâ—nto or Casa del Regimiento is â—he hous where the inhibâ—tants â—n everiâ— Citie dâ—â—ssemble about things concerning their Poliâ—ical Government Padilla's speech to the Queen at Tordesellas Here the Autor jeer's his own Coat The Iunta or General Assemblie sâ—ttled at Tordesillas The Iâ—nta send'â— to Valladolâ—d to dâ—ssolâ— the Kâ—â—g'â— Councâ—â— Vallâ—dolid's Answer A nameâ— Junta summoâ—'s â—hose of the King'â— Counâ—il to appâ—aâ— beâ—ore them at Tordesillas Their answer The Emperor senâ—â—'s Commissions to the Lord high Constable and Lord Admiral of Castilla making them Joint-Governors of Spaiâ— with the Cardinal Som of the Council escape out of Valladâ—â—lid in disguise The Iunta's request to the Queen John de Padilla apprehendeth some of the Coâ—ncil and caâ—â—iâ—th them prisoneâ—s â—o Tordesillas How uncharitable the Autor is to his brethren Friers The Cardinal indeavouring to go out of Valladolid is stopped by the people Don Pedro Giron's speech to the Cardinal persuading him to return to his Palace Note that this mesâ—age Was sent at the firâ—t assembling of the Iunta in Avila Prodigious signs in Vâ—lencia The Confedâ—rates of Valeâ—cia Sindico's were officers whâ—ch they had mâ—de amongst themâ—selvs Other Prodiâ—ious signs in Vâ—lencia El Encubiertâ— The notable imposture of Iuan de Vilvao Iuan de Vilvao or the disguised Prince executed by the Maâ—quis of Câ—nete in Vâ—lâ—ncia Librancas are assignments of monie Pâ—ertos secoâ— are Customs paid at the going in or cut of everie several Kingdom in Spain by Land Maestrazgos are the places of the Masters of the orders of Knighthood in Spain Writs of error Who was an exempted peâ—son and reserved by the Emperor to bee punished Commotions 〈◊〉 Palencia Alcala de Henares