grateful acceptance of these First-fruits with all convenient speed communicate to the World in A Second Part. After which I shall in two or more distinct Volumes present unto publick view several other kinds of Writs relating to the Parliaments Great Councils Convocations and Clergy of England to all sorts of proceedings in them Criminal or Civil the assessing levying of the expences of Knights Citizens and Burgesses of Parliament of Dismes Quidismes Aids Subsidies Customs Imposts granted by them with the disposing releasing of them the defence of the Realm by Land or Sea in times of danger the proclaming observing of the Great Charters Laws and Liberties of England and of Acts and Ordinances of Parliament newly enacted with sundry other Rarities which all former Writers of our English Parliaments have either totally omitted or but briefly touched and that very slightly though of excellent use and most necessary to be insisted on for the information of their Readers and benefit of Posterity Not to detain you with any longer Preface I shall now leave you to the perusal of this First Part distinct from those Parts I intend shall follow it if embraced with that respect affection and desire as it may justly expect and hope for from the Nobility Gentry Lawyers Antiquaries and Heralds of the English nation But if slighted vilified neglected like old Almanacks or fashions grown quite out of use and request though meer Novelties in their discovery communication to the world hitherto unacquainted with them I shall then resolve to cast no more such precious ancient Pearls and Rarities beâ—ore swine who wil neglect trample them under their feet but reserve them for my own private Cabinet use ornament benefit delight and such learned Friends to whom I shal hereafter bequeath them who will estimate them according to their true intrinsecal worth and prefer them before the most orient Pearls and Diamonds which are only for shew when as these are of greatest publick use and will be so esteemed in future generations how much soever slighted by the Athenians of this age who like the old ones Acts 17. 20 21. spend their tiâ—e in nothing else but to tell or hear some new thing preferring new Gloworms Ignes fatui and Prodigious Comets shining onely in the night before the Sun Moon and fixed Planets which ten thousand times outshine transcend them both in splendor magnitude use excellency and publick benefit It is Cicero his observation of old Solis exortus cursus occasus nemo admiratur propterea quod quotidie â—iunt at â—cclypses solis mirantur quia raro accidunt Nulla nisi rara aut admirabili re commovetur animus Which Seneca thus seconds Ita coÌ„positi sumus ut nos quotidiana etiam si admiratione digna sunt transeant contra minimarum quoque rerum si insolitae prodierunt spectaculum dulce fiat Hic quoque caetus astrorum quibus immensi corporis pulchritudo distringuitur populum non convocat sed cum aliquid ex more mutatum est omnium vultus in coelo est Nemo observat lunam nisi laborantem Tunc urbes clamant tunc pro se superstitione vana trepidant Quanta illa majora sunt quod Sol totidem gradus quotidie habet annum suo circuitu claudit quod à solstitio diem inclinat noctibus spacium dat quod sydera abscondit quod terras cum tanto major sit illis non urit sed calorem suum intentionibus remissionibus temperando fovet quod lunam nunquam implet nisi adversam sibi nec obscurat haec tamen non annotamus quamdiu ordo servatur Si quid turbatum est aut praeter consuetudinem emicuit spectamus interrogamus ostendimus Idem in comae is fit c. Adeo naturale est nova magis quaÌ„ magna mirari w ch is in truth both the sin folly of our present fantastick childish age affecting studying delighting admiring nothing but Novelties as well in Theology all kinds of Arts Sciences publick Government and Parliaments themselves as â—â—ell as Fashions or Apparel though never so prodigious Heterodox ridiculous or destructive But however vertiginous Scepticks and fantastick Gallants having more hair than brains are wholly enamored infatuated with New-Nothings yet all judicious Christians Lawyers Statesmen with holy and prudent King David a man after Gods own heart will consider the dayes of old the years of ancient times And according to Gods own precept stand in the wayes and see and ask for the old paths where is the good way and walk therein that they may find ease for their souls Concluding with holy Iob with the ancient is wisdom and understanding And with our Saviours own resolution wherwith I shall close up this Epistle No man having drunk old wine straitway desireth new for he saith THE OLD IS BETTER Which is the experimental resolution of Your unfeined Friend and Servant as well in relation to private as publick good WILL. PRYNNE From my Study in Lincolns Inne Ian. 26. 1658 1659. A Brief Register Kalendar and Survey of the severall kinds of all Parliamentary Writs with usefull Observations on them THat all Great Councils of State Parliaments Synods Convocations held in England under the British Saxon Danish Norman English Kings successively reigning therein were summoned by their Royal Writs precepts and held by their Authority alone is a Truth irrefragable which I have elswhere abundantly evidenced by Histories and Records though all the Writs whereby they were summoned till the reign of King Iohn be no where extant being consumed by the all-devouring jawes of time The Writs of Summons to Parliaments and Great Councils of State being the Corner-stones whereon they are founded and best discovering the causes ends for which they were summoned instead of that Folio Register of them at large which I once intended to have published I shall present you only with a Brief Register and Kalendar of some of the antientest and rarest of them full of excellent variety and delight and such Observations on and from them as may best instruct the Readers rectify the mistakes of some pretended Antiquartes who have written of our English Parliaments writs of summons to them and supply their defects especially concerning the several forms and various kinds of Parliamentary writs which they have rather touched than handled being all very maimed and incompleat in this particular To avoid Confusion I shall Marshall these Writs into several Squadrons according to the quality of the persons to whom they were directed and that in a Chronological Series digesting them into distinct Sections beginning with those issued out to our Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors and Spiritual Lords or Barons of the Realm SECTION I. Concerning Writs of Summons to Parliaments Great Councils Convocations issued out to Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors and other Ecclestastical Barons of the Realm who were Peers and Members of our Parliaments THe first writ of Summons to Parliament of this of any other kind extant in History or Record that I have seen is in the 6. year of King Iohn running
nostrumque deliberatum consensum et consâ—â—iium hiis quae mediante Domino ibidem contigerit utiliter ordinari una cum aliis impendendi Ulteriusque faciendi in praemissis et eà concernentibus quod juris fueriâ— et rationis Promittentes Nos ratum firmum et gratum sub Ypotheca reâ—um quos et ligare posâ—umus habituri quicquid dicti PROCURATORES NOSTRI VEL EORUM ALTER in praemissiâ— et ea contingentibus duxerint vel duxerit faciend In cujus rei â—estimonium â—igillum nostrum commune praesentibus est appensum Dat. in Domo nostro Capitulari Bathon 26. That it appears by the Clauses and contents of sundry Praemised Writs as likewise by the Protestations of the Clergy and their Distinct Aydes and Subsidies from the Temporalty granted in Parliaments to our Kings by dâ—â—â—erent Acts of Parliamenâ— exâ—ant in our Printed Statute Books as well as Parliament and Statâ—te Rolls that the King and Temporal Lords and Commons in Parliament could not legally impose any Aydes Subsidies or Taxes whatsoever on the Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors Deans Chapâ—ers Archdeacons and inferiour Clergy oâ— England without their own special Grants and Consents in their Coâ—vocations it being contrary to the Great Charters of Henry the 1. King John and Henry the 3. Chap. 1. yea to the Freedom Rights Liberties of the Church confirmed by them and to all other Acts confirming Magna Charta and to a particular Act Rot. Parl. anno 8 H. 4. â— 36. exempting them from making Contributions with the Laity Therefore they cannot do it now upon the self same grounds they having as full as large an interest in their Rights freedoms Libeâ—ties and those Grand Charâ—ers Statutes confirming them as any of the Laity have in theirs Yet when they obstinately refused to grant King Edward the first a necessary Ayde for the defence of the Realm in two successive Parliaments one after the other against their allegiance and duty only because Pope Boniface by his Constitution had prohibited under pain of excommunication Ne Talliae vel Exactiones à Clero per seculares Principes quocunque modo exigentur vel eis solvantur de rebus Ecclesiae the King thereupon did put them out of his protection to redeem which many of the Clergy by themselves and many of them by Mediators gave the King the fifth part of their goods notwithstanding the Popes Inhibition which is thus related by Matthew Westminster Anno 1296. p. 407 408. Die Sancti Hillarii celebravit Archiepiscopus Concilium suum cum Coepiscopis suis Suffraganeis Londini in Ecclesia Sancti Pauli Quibus tractantibus per dies octo super postulatione regia non invenerunt iter rectum nec modum exclusivae sententiae si aliqui vel quaeâ—ito colore vel aliquo titulo quippiam contulissent etiam si plurimi clerici aulici curialeâ—que accessiâ—â—ent qui postulatis consilium dederanâ— favorem Quae omnia Regi per Episcopos aliósve nuncios funt relata Qui statim mutatus in crudelem perversa regali aequalitate in tyrannidem licentiatis suis famulis obviantium cleâ—icorum religiosorumque virorum quasi modo hostili equitaturas â—ibi arripere meliores prohibitis insuper placitatoribuâ— in lege sua peritis coram Baronibus de Scaccario seu ante quemvis â—lium Justiciarium secularem pro personis Ecclesiasticis allegare Ecclesiasticos ministros censuit sua pace inâ—ignos Mandavit etiam singulis ordinatis sponte offerre sibi suorum proventuum quintam partem aâ—t invitè cedere omnibus bonis suis. Huic mandato primitus obtemperaverunt quidam â—onsorati in curia regali praelati in cura verò animarum Pilati manifesti ut inducerent pari modo animos caeterorum Quo facto seisita sunt protinus per manus Vicecomitum omnia bona clericorum mobilia immobilia super laicum feodum inventa aâ—quâ— fisco regio titulata cum superabundanti molestia suis ablatis libertatibus qâ—as praedecessores reges Christianitatis conservatores Ecclesiis contulerant authores bonorum Et quod nequius est ferendum appreciabantur ipsorum facultates emptoribus quantocius expoâ—endae nec securi audebant clerici equitare nisi in majori conventu propter militum in clâ—ricos violentiam à rege licentia data Sed omniâ— bona Archiepiscopi mobilia immobiâ—ia capta sunt in manu regis Ipse quidem sustinuit patientè◠Igâ—â—ur Clero siâ—ut supradictum est passo in corpore pasâ—us est Rex in animo Hinc dolor et metus omnium Praelatorum Hiâ—â—mque in perplexitate maxima constituti sunt ut si quicquam concederent sententiam excommunicationis incurrerent ipso facto et si non darent non effugerent immisericordes manus ipsorum praedonum His madefacti adversitatibus pro se ipsis anxii pro grege sibi commisso incoâ—solabiliter moestificati tanquam non habente alimoniam ingruente fame necessario seculum reperere quaesierunt protectionem regis facultatibus suis ratiociâ—io magno redemptis Yet notwithstanding all the Clergy procured special Absolutions from this Poâ—e from that Excommunication they conceived they had incurred by this their Ayd granted to the King against his Constitution though done only through force and such fear as might happen even to a constant man as I observe by certain Instruments of Absolution remembred by none of our Historians but registred in the Leiger Book of the Priory of Bath out of which I have transcribed them as not unworthy publike knowledge Venerabili in Christo Patri Dei gratia Archiepâ—sâ—opo Cantuar. vel ejus Vicario in Spiritualibus Frater Gentilis miseratione divinâ— Ecclesiae Sancti Martini in Montibus Presbyter Cardinalis salutem et synceram in Domino caritatem Ex parte Johâ—nnis de Godmer perpetui Vicarii Ecclesiae de Chedâ—ern Bathon Wellen. Diocaes Nobis oblata petâ—tio continebat Quod ipse olim per vim metum qui cadere posset in constantem invitus Ministris seâ— Collectoribuâ— illustris Regis Angliae contra novae Constitutionts tenorem Sanctissimi Patris Domini Bonefacii divina providentia Papae 〈◊〉 Tallias sive Collec tas per solvit per quod sententiam Excommunicationis incurrit in tales generaliter promulgataem et sic ligatius non tamen in contemptum Clavium in suis Ordinibus ministravit et alias se ingressit divinis Super quibus supplicari feâ—it humiliter siâ—i de absolutionis beneficio et dispensationis gratia per sedem Apostolicam salubriter provideri Nos igitur auctoritate Domini Papae cujus Penitentiariae curam gerimus circumspectioni vestrae committimus quatenus si ita est ipsum Vicarium à dictae excommunicationis Sententia â—uxtae formam Ecclesiae absolvatis Proviso attentè quod idem Vicarius super hoc mandatis Domini Papae et Romanae Ecclesiae semper parebit et faciet illam poenitentiam quam sibi duxerit injungendâ—m eoque ad tempus prout
only Basis whereon Parliaments are founded by which they are supported directed as well as convened and by my usefull Observations on them more compleatly to supply the 5. deâ—ect than any of the former so farr as my present leisure and ability will extend without supplies from others wherein I have with no little pains and diligence given you a most exact and faithfull Account of all the Writs of Summons to Parliaments Great Councils and most Convocations in England extant in the Clause Rolls and Records of the Tower from the 5. year of King Iohn till the 23. of Edward the 4th that I have hitherto met with upon my best search after them digested into several Sections in a Chronological method with usefull Observations on them Wherein you have a compendious yet full and satisfactory Account of all the several Forms and Varieties of writs of Summons during all this tract of time issued to Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors Masters of Religious Orders and all Spiritual Lords to the Prince of Wales Forein Kings Dukes Earls Marquesses Vicounts Barons Temporal Lords and Great men to the Kings Counsil Judges and other Assistants to the House of Lords the Sheriffs of Counties and particular Corporations made Counties for electing Knights Citizens and Burgesses to serve in Parliament and to the Constable of Dover Castle Warden of the Cinque-ports and Ports themselves for electing Barons of those Ports with the particular Rolls membranaes dorses wherein every of these summons are recorded Together with a general Account in gross summâ— how many Bishops Abbots Priors Earls Barons Great men and Assistants of the Kings Counsil were summoned to every of these Parliaments and Great Councils 4 most usefull acurate short Alphabetical Chronological â—ables inserted into my Observations on the 3. first Sections of these Different writs 1. Of the Names of all the Abbots Priors Masters of Religious Orders and other Clergymen except Bishops summoned to any Parliament or Great Council from 49 H. 3. till 23 E. 4. with the years rolls dorses in each Kings reign wherein you shall find them summoned and how oft any of them were summoned and consequently when omitted out of the lists of summons 2ly Of the Names of all the Dukes Earls Marquesses and Princes of Wales 3ly Of all the Temporal Viscounts Lords Barons Peers and Great men 4ly Of all the Kings Counsil Judges Justices and other Great Officers summoned as Assistants to the Lords in every Parliament and Great Council held in England from 49 H. 3. to 23 E. 4. with the particular Roll year dorse in every Kings reign wherein you may find their names and summons entred and when and how oft any of them or their posterity were thus summoned Which Tables as they were very painfull and troublesom to me exactly to collect being inforced to transcribe most of them three times over before I could digest them into that form as here you find them consisting of very many figures which I examined near five times over to prevent mistakes in any of them so being thus compleated will be the most usefull and delightfull Kalender to all Antiquaries Heraulds Lawâ—ers Noblemen Gentlemen and others delighting in Antiquities or Pedegrees ever yet communicated to the English Nation rectifying all those mistakes in names supplying those manifold defects in my Table of this nature to the Exact Abridgement of the Records in the Tower If any Noblemen Lawyers Gentlemen or others would find out and know in a moment when or how often or in what Roll and dorse any of their Ancestors Family Name were summoned to any Parliament or Great Council or when or how often any Abbot or Prior whose lands they or their Clients now enjoy were summoned to Parliaments or of what Order they were these Tables compared with the printed Lists before them will presently resolve them better than all the Tables and Kalendars to the Records in the Tower which are very defective and if they have cause to make use of the Records upon any occasion these Tables will punctually direct them both to the Number Roll and Dorse too wherein they are recorded without further search So as I may conclude them to be greatly beneficial as well to the Keepers of those Records as to all those who shall have future occasion to make use of them in any kind For the extraordinary writs of summons and others here published at large I dare averr that most of the Nobility Gentry Lawyers and Parliament men of the English Nation never so much as once saw or heard of most of them before this publication and those few Antiquaries Lawyers Gentlemen who have gottenauy transcripts and Collections of the writs of summons in the Tower shall meet with many memorable rare writs in this Abridgement which are totally omitted out of their Folio Volumes collected to their hands by others which I have here supplied by my own industry and likewise digested into method all those large Collâ—ctions of writs which I have yet seen being both defective confused fraught with a tedious repetition of those names of Abbots Priors Dukes Earls Lords Barons which I have contracted into four short Tables in an orderly method So as I may justly stile this Register Kalendar and Survey a rich Cabinet and Compendious Treasury of the chiefest and most precious Parliamentary Iewels Rarities Records ever yet presented to the world in print As for my Observations on and Collections from these writs I dare affirm without vain-glory they are for the most part such as were never yet known nor communicated to the world and will be of excellent use not only for the searching but understanding of Records and of the true constitution proceedings Privileges Affairs Ends of the Great Councils and Parliaments of England and duties of their respective Members wherein I have discovered refuted many oversights and mistakes in Sir Edward Cook and other pretended Antiquaries who have written of our English Parliaments and given clearer evidences of the original beginning use of the name Parliament in England of the Authority Power use of the Kings Counsil Iudges in Parliaments of the Kings general writs of Summons to Temporal as well as Spiritual persons who held not by Barony not making themselves nor their Successors nor posterities Lords or Barons and of sundry other materiall particulars relating to the Freedom Fulness Summons Affairs Proceedings of our Parliaments than any hitherto have done out of an unfeigned desire of communicating more knowledg to the present succeeding Generations touching our Parliaments and their affairs than former times have been publikely acquainted with that thereby I might restore our Parliaments to their primitive institution use splendor freedom Honor that so theâ— may be made medicinal Restoratives Blessing not Grievances or Diseases to our 〈◊〉 Church and State or Physicians of no value We read of a woman in the Gospel which had aâ— issue of bloud for 12 years and had suffâ—ed many thiâ—gs
W. c. Cantuar Archiepisc. c. Quia super diversis c. apud Westm. à die Purificationis beatae Mariae Virginis prox futur iâ— tres Septimanas Parliamentum nostrum tenere et Vobiscum c. Praemunientes c. T. Rege apud Kenilworth 26 die Decemb. Per ipsum Regem Eodem modo scribiturâ— Archiepiscopo Eborum 17 〈…〉 Abbatibus 4 Prioribus There are 3. other writs to both the Archbishops reciting the first writ unto ordinari contigeriâ— super negotiis antedictis and then subjoyning 〈…〉 Decanos et Priores Ecclesiarum Cathedralium et Archidiac totius Provinciae vestrae in propriis personis sâ—is Capitula etiam singula dictarum Ecclesiarum Cathe dralium 〈…〉 ad dictos diem et locum venire faciâ—â—â—s ad tractand et consentiend hiis quâ— in praemissis tunc ibidem contigerit ordineri Et hoc nullatenus omittatis T. Rege ut supra Claus. 18 E. 2. dors 5. Eodem modo scribitur Archiep Ebor. 15 Episcopis 28 Abbatibus 4 Prioribus Magistro Gilberto Midletonâ— Archidiac Nonthampton Officiali Curiae Cant. Magist. Roberto de S. Albano Decano deâ— Arcubus London Claus. 19 F. 2. dors 27. Eodem modo mandatum est W. Arch. Ebir 17 Episcopis 27 Abbatibusâ— 3 Prioribus with this addition to one of them Prior de Bridlington Nihil tenet de Rege Claus. 20 E. 2. dors 4. Eodem modo mandatum est Archiepiscopis Cant. et Ebor. 16 Episcopis and 19 Abbatibus only and no Prior. Claus. 1 E. 3. pars 2. dorso 16. Eodem modo mandatum est Arch. Ebor. 16 Episcopis Custodi Episc. Exon◠〈◊〉 mutindisâ— Norwic. Heref. Episc. vel ejus Vicar gen ipso Episc. in remotis agente 19 Abbatibus only After which follow two Writs to both the Archbishops reciting the former with an Et licet singulis Episcopis c. Nolentes tamen nâ—gotia nostra c. like that forecited p. 34 35. 〈…〉 mandatum est Custodâ— Spirit Archiep. Ebor. Episcopat Heref. et Exon. sede vacante reciting the first writ with an Et licet singulis Episcopis praedictis c. Nolentes tamen c. Teste ut supra Claus. 2. E. 3. m. 31. dorso Eodem modo mandat est Custodi Archiep. Cantuâ—r et Episcopatus Bangor sede vacante 18 Episcopis 17 Abbatibus only and no Prior. Claus. 2 E. 3. dorso 15. Eodem modo mandatum est Custodi Spirit Archiepiscopatus Cant. 19 Episcopis 1â— Abbatibus Priori Hoâ—p S. Johan Jerus in Anglia After which ensue 2 writs to the Archbishop of York et Custod Spirit Archiepisc. Cant. rehearâ—ing the first with an Et licet singulis Episcopis c. Nolentes tamen c. Teste ut supra Claus. 4 E. 3. dors 41. Eodem modo mandatum est Archiep. Ebor. 19 Episcopis 27 Abbatibus 3 Prioribus After that ensues a writ to both the Archbishops relating the first with an Et licet singulis Episcopis c. Nolentes tamen c. Teste apud Odiham 1 die Febraarii Claus. 4 E. 3. dors 19. Eodem modo mandatum est Archiep. Ebor. 19 Episcopis 27 Abbatibus 3 Prioribus Claus. 6 E 3. dorso 4. Eodem modo mandat est 17 Episcopis 25 Abbatibus 2 Prioribus Claus. 9 E. 3. dorso 8. There is a second writ to both the Archbishops reciâ—ing the first with an Et licet singulis c. Nolentes tamen c. T. Rege apud Nottingham 3 die Aprilis Per ipsum Regem And Dorso 2. there is au Ordinary writ of Summons Archiepisc. Cant. to a Parliament apud Westm. prox post diem Dominicam in medio Quadragesimae prox futur with a Praemunientes c. T. Rege apud Berewic super Twedam 22 die Ian Per ipsum Regem Eodem modo mandatum est Arch. Ebor. 19 Episcopis 27 Abbatibus 3 Prioribus And 2 writs to the Archbishops only with an Et licet c. Nolentes tamen c. T. ut supra Per ipsum Regem These are the only Omissions in the writs to the Bishops Abbots Priors and Spiritual Lords and mistakes in the numbers of them in the Eodem modo Consimiles literae and Consimilia Brevia omitted casually in the premises The 2. thing I shall acquaint the Readers with are the reasons inducing me to recite so many writs to the Archbishops and Prelates running all in the self-same form which may seem to many a meer Tautology and superâ—â—uity which might have been better expunged than inserted into this Breviat though in truth not so For I recited them all in this manner upon these considerations 1. To inform the Readers in what Clause Rolls in the Tower all the writs of Summons are extant and in what Membranaes and dorses they may readily find them upon all occasions A very usefull hitherto unpublished yea generally unknown part of Antiquity and learning 2ly To inform the Readers of the exact numbers of these writs of Summons their several dates and the particular places days of all Parliaments and great Councils meetings extant on Record from 49 H. 3. to 23 E. 4. and the numbers of the Spiritual Lords and Prelates of all sorts summoned to them not hitherto published by any 3ly Because the beginnings and recitals of all or most writs in these Rolls to the Temporal Lords Sherifs Council of the King and Warden of the â—inqueports cited by me in the ensuing Sections referr for the most part to the writs to the Archbishops and Bishops usually entred at large in every Roll and to their respective dates with an c. ut supra Teste ut supra and the like and must be compared with them by the Readers to make them compleat 4ly Because the stiles of some Bishops who were Patriarchs Cardinals Bishops elect or elected and confirmed and the writs to such yea to the Gardians of Bishops Spiritualties during the vacancy of their Bishopricks and to their Vicar Generals during their absence in forrein parts and to the Administrators of Bishopricks are for the most part recorded only in the Eodem modo Consimiles literae or Consimilia brevia subjoyned to those usual writs here abbreviated therefore it was absolutely necessary to repeat them to evidence and clear up those hitherto unknown uncommon particulars and rarities All which reasons duely pondered will I hope absolve me from the guilt of any Tautologies or super fluous recitals in the premised Writs and adjuncts annexed to them Vsefull Annotations and Observations upon the precedent Writs to the Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors Ecclesiastical Barons and Clergy FRom the precedent Writs of Summons issued to the Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors Ecclesiastical Barons and Clergy wherewith I have presented you in a Chronological Series according to their Antiquities I shall here for the information of such Lawyers Gentlemen and other Readers unversed in Records of this nature recommend these ensuing particular Observations to them before I proceed to the Writs
the Clause Rolls now and then without any to the Temporal Lords or Barons registred together with them So there are some writs of Summons to and prorogations of Parliaments issâ—ed to Temporal Lords in some Rolls without any to Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors or Ecclesiastical Lords entred with them though no doubt they had the like writs of Summons and Prorogations although not registred as the bodies of the writs do manifest 21. That the writs issued to the Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors and Clergy run usually in this form Vobis mandamus quod in fide et dilectione quibus nobis tenemini c. not in fide et homagio But the writs to the Earls Barons and Temporal Lords though they sometimes retain the self same words in fide et diloctione yet for the most part they run thus quod in fide homagio or ligeantia quibus nobis tâ—nâ—mini c. or in homagio â—idâ— et dilectione or in homagâ—o et ligeâ—ntia homagio or ligeantia being put in the place of dilectionâ— or added to fide et dilectione quibus nobis tenemini 22. That the writs to the Archbishops Bishops Abbots and Priors for the most part observe this stile Vobiscum ac cum caeteris Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceribus c. in all clauses of the writ The writs to the Earls Temporal Lords Vobiscum ac cum Praelatis et caeteris Magnatibus et Proceribus or caeteris Magnatibus or Proceribus only caeâ—eris being evâ—r placed before Praelatis in the writs to the Bishops Abbots but after Praelatis and before Magnatibus or Procâ—ribus in all writs to the Temâ—oral Lords because of different Orders the Prelates noâ— being Magnates or Procâ—râ—s by birth or in their own right but only the Temporal Lords and they being not Praelati or Ecclâ—sâ—astical Peers by order or function but only the Bishops Abbots Priors and other Ecclesiastical Barons 23. That the number of Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors and Ecclesiastical persons summoned by writs to our Parliaments was for the most part equall to and many times farr exceeding the number of the Temporal Lords Barons as you may easily discern by computing and comparing their numbers in this with those of the Temporal Lord in the ensuing Section In the Parliamvnt of 49 H. 3. the number of the Prelates Abbots and Spiritual persons summoned by writ was 120. the number of Temporal Lords but 23. Anno 23 E. 1. d. 9. the number of the Spiritual Lords summoned was 77 of the Temporal Lords but 63. And dors 3 4. the Spiritual Lords summoned to another Parliament that year amounts to 90. the Temporal Lords only to 50. In 24 E. 1. d. 7. the Spiritual Lords summoned were in all 91. the Temporal but 43. yet in other Parliaments the Temporal Lords exceeded the Spiritual as in 27 E. 1. d. 18. the Spiritual Lords were 58. the Temporal 90. but in the next Parliament 28 E. 1. m. 3. the Spiritual Lords summoned were 102. the Temporal only 89. Their differences in number in other Parliaments I shall for brevity sake omit only in most summons under King H. 4 5 6. during these Kings absence and wars in France when most of the Earls and Temporal Lords were in actual service in the wars the Spiritual Lords were neer double to the Temporal 24. That the first writ wherein I finde any mention of and provision for the Defence of the Church of England is in 6 E. 2. here p. 20. the next is in 11 E. 3. p. 39 40. 12 E. 3. p. 42. 14 E. 3. p. 46. After which in the writs of 18 E. 3. p. 50. 31 E 3. p. 60 61 62. 46 E. 3. p. 67. 49 E. 3. p. 69. 1 R. 2. p. 69 70 72. and in most succeding them Defensionem Ecclesiae Anglicanae Salvationem et defensionem Ecclesiae Sanctae Et â—oc sicut salvationem et defensionem Ecclesiae Sanctae diligitis were usually inserted into the writs of Summons as well to Parliaments as Convocations and in writs to the Temporal Lords and Sherifs as they were in writs to the Clergy it being one principal end of summoning Parliaments and Convocations 25. That sometimes the Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors were authorized by the writs themselves to make Proctors or Proxies to supply their places other times prohibited to make any Proctors or Proxies at all but peremptorily injoyned to appear in person without any excuse or Proctor to supply their absence But the Deans Chapters Archdeacons Priors and Clergy of every Diocess by a special clause of Praemunientes c. in the writs to the Archbishops and Bishops and by second writs to the Archbishops were summoned the Deans Priâ—rs and Archdeacons by themselves their Chapters by one and the Clergy of each Diocess Quod per duos Procuratores idonâ—os pâ—enam et sufficienteÌ„ potestateÌ„ ab ipsis Capitulis et Clero habentes dictis die et loco intersint ad facâ—end consentiend hiis quae tunâ— ibidem de Com Consilio regni nostri divina faventâ— clementia coâ—tigâ—rit ordinari Amongst others the Bishop of Bath and Wells was particularly injoyned Praemunientes Priorem et Capitulum Bathon et Decanum et Capitulum Wellen Ecclesiarum suarum c. quod idem Prior et Dâ—canus in propriis personis suis dicta Capitula per unum Procuratorem idoneum c. una nobiscum inter sint ad c. Hereupon the Prior of Bath when sick appeared not in person but by a Proctor and the Chapter of Bath by one or more Prâ—ctors specially chosen and authorized by their Letters of Procuration under their Seals Which Letters of Procuration I find entred in the antient Parchment Leiger Book of the Priory of Bath in sundry forms in the reign of King Edward the 1. which I shall here insert for their rarity and because they will inform us what â—ull and sufficient power other Priors Deanes Chapters and the Clergy of each Diocess as also the Spiriâ—â—al Lords when absent and authorized to make Proxies gave to their Procurators and in what forms other Letters of Procuration were made in former times of which I find only one printed in Mr. Selden The first of these Procurations runs in this manner being directed to the King himself Serenissimo Domino suo Domino Edwardo Dei gratia illustri Regi Angliae Domino Hiberniae et Duci Aquitanâ—ae sui devoti Thomas Prior et Capiâ— Bathoniensis Ecclesiae salutem et debitam cum orationibus assiduis reverentiam et fidelitatem Ad tractandum ordinandum et faciendum una Vobiscum et caererâ—s Praelatis et Proceribus et aliis Regni incolis in praesenti Convocatione Generali apâ—d Westm. die Dominica proxima post festum S. Martini pro diversis Regni negotiis convenientibus dilectum in Christo Conâ—ratrem et Conprofessum nostrum Fraâ—rem W. de Hamptâ—n â—ostrum facimus ordinamus et constituimuâ— PROCURATOREM per praesentes
pars 1. d. 37. 7 Earls more and 45 others In Claus. 16 E. 3. pars 1. dors 39. the first writ to the Temporal Lords entred in the roll issued Dilecto fideli suo Laurentio de Hastings Com. Pembroch c. Eodem modo c. to 9 Earls more and 94 others Claus. 16 E. 3. pars 2. dors 22. and so following the first writ to the Nobility issued Henr. Com. Lancastr 2 Earls more and 20 others Dors. 13. 4 Earls more and 17. others Claus. 17 E. 3. pars 1. dors 25. 11 Earls more and 40 others Cl. 18 E. 3. pars 1. dors 14. 13 Earls more and 40 others Claus. 20 E. 3. pars 2. dors 22. Iohanni de Warenna Com. Surr. 4 Earls more and 12. others Dors. 28. to him and 7 Earls more and 9 others Dors. 9. Henr. Com. Lancastr 10 Earls more and 30 others Cl. 22 E. 3. pars 1. dors 32. 10 Earls more and 30 others Claus. 22 E. 3. pars 2. dors 7. 9 Earls more and 56 others Claus. 24 E. 3. pars 2. d. â— Henr. Comiti Lancastr Edwardo Principi Walliae Duci Cornubiae et Comiti Cestriae 10 Earls more and 50 others whereof the 16 last are Assistants and 4 of them stiled the Kings Serjeants The writ Claus. 25. pars 1. dors 5. is Rex dilecto et fideli suo Edwardo Principi Walliae Duci Cornubiae Comiti Cestriae c. Vobis in fide et ligeantia quibus Nobis tenemini c. Eodem modo c Henrico Duci Lancastr 11 Earls 52 others Claus. 26. E. 3. dors 14. Edwardo Principi Walliae c. Henrico Duci Lanc. 11 Earls 24 others Cl. 27. E. 3. d. 32. to them 11 Earls more 43 other Great men Cl. 28 E. 3. dors 26 Edwardo Principi Walliae c. Henrico Duci Lancast. 11 Earls 48 others Claus. 29 E. 3. dors 8. Henrico Duci Lancast. 7 Earls and 41 others Claus. 31 E. 3. dors 21. Dilecto Consanguineo et fideli suo Humfrido de Bohun Com Hereford Vobis mandamus in fide et ligeantia c. 6 Earls more and 38 others Claus. 31 E. 3. dors 2. Edwardo Principi Walliae filio suo carissimo c. in fide et ligeantia c Consimilia Brevia Henrico Duci Lancastr 11 Comitibus and 50 others Claus. 32 E. 3. dors 14. Dilecto fideli suo Thomae de Bello Campo Comiti Warr. in fide et homagio 6 Earls more and 101 others Cl. 33 〈◊〉 d. 7. Ricardo Comiti Arundel 3 Earls more and 19 others Claus. 34 E. 3. d. 35. Humfrido de Bohun Com. Hertf. et Essex 3 Earls more and 20 others Dors. 4. Edwardo Principi Walliae â—ilio suo carissimo in fide et ligeantia Henrico Duci Lancastâ— 11 Earls more Leonel Com. Uâ—ton the Kings Son not an Irish Lord being one of them and 48 others Claus. 36 E. 3. dors 16. Carissimo filio suo Johan Com Lancastr in fide et homagio c. 8 Earls more and 29 others Claus. 37 E. 3. d. 22. Carissimo Filio suo Johanni c. as next before 9 Earls more and 40 others Claus. 38 E. 3. dors 3. Caâ—issimo filio suo Johanni c. 5 Earls more and 41 others Claus. 39 E. 3. d. 2. Carissimo filio suo Johanni c. 10 Earls more and 41 others In Claus. 42 E. 3. d. 22. the first writ to the Temporal Lords issued Carissimo Primogenito filio suo Edwardo Principi Aquitaniae Walliae Vobis in fide et homagio c Consimilia Beâ—via Johanni Duci Lancastriae 10 Comitibus and 41 others Claus. 43 E. 3. dors 24. Carissimo filio suo Johanni Duci Lancast. in fide et homagio c. 10 Comitibus and 35 others Claus. 44 E. 3. dors â— Carissimo Primogenito nostro Edwardo Principi Aquitaniae et Walliae in fide et ligeantia 11 Comitibus and 49 others Claus. 46 E. 3. dors 11. Dilecto et fideli suo Ricardo Com Arundel in fide et ligeantia 1 Earl more and 18 others But in the writs of Prorogation and Resummons dors 9 10. writs issued to Edward Prince of Wales Iohanni Regi Castellae et Legionis Duci Lancastr 7 Earls more 18 others besides those in the first summons Claus. 47 E. 3. dors 13. Ricardo Com. Aâ—undell in fide at ligeantia 5 Earls more and 33 others Claus. 49 E. 3. dors 6. Carissimo filio suo Iohanni Regi Castellae Legionis Duci Lancastr in fide ligeantia 9 Earls and 38 others after which follows a writ to the Prince of Wales Claus. 50 E. 3. pars 2. dors 6. Carissimo filio suo stiled his Son though in truth his Grandchild only not Son Ricardo Principi Walliae Duci Cornub. et Comiti Cestriae in fide et ligeantia Consimilia Brevia Johannni Regi Castellae Legionis Duci Lancastr 10 Comitibus and 35 others whereof Michaeli de la Pole Admirallo Flâ—te Navium versus partes Bâ—riales is one All the Writs of Summons to Parliament issued to the Temporal Lords under King Richard the 2. have the self-same Prologues recitals dates with those to the Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors in the precedent Section being entred next after them of which I shall give you this brief Epitome In Claus. â— R. 2. dors 37. the first writs to the Temporal Lords issued Carissimo Avunculâ— suo Iohanni Regi Castellae et Legionis Duci Lancastriae c Consimiles Literae to 12 Earls 47 Lords Barons and Great men Cl. 2 R. 2. dors 3. 29. The first writs issued to him and Consim Literae to 14 Earls 48 Lords Barons and Great men Cl. 3 R. 2. d. 32. the first writ was directed to him Consim lit to 13 Earls 47 Lords and Great men Cl. 4 R. 2. d. 32. the first writ is to him Cons. Lit. to 〈◊〉 Earls 44 Lords and Great men Cl. 5 R. 2. d. 32. 40. the first writs issued to him Cons. Lit. to 10 Earls 47 Lords and Great men Cl. 6 R. 2. d. 37. the first writ issued to him Cons. Lit. to 9 Earls and 45 Lords and Great men Cl. 7 R. 2. d. 37. the first writ is directed to him Cons. Lit. to 11 Earls 48 Lords and Great men Cl. 7 R. 2. d. 10. the first writ is to him Cons. Lit. to 11 Earls and 48 Lords and Grandees Cl. 8 R. 2. d. 35. is to him Cons. Lit. to 11 Earls and 50 Lords and Great men Cl. 9 R. 2. d. 45. is to him Cons. Lit. to 2 Dukes 11 Earls and 46 Lords and Great men Cl. 10 R. 2. d. 42. the first writ issued Carissimo Avunculo suo Edwardo Duci Ebor c. Cons. Lit. to 1 Duke 1 Marquess 9 Earls 44 Lords and Great men Cl. 11 R. 2. d. 24. the first writ is to this Duke Consim Lit. to 2 Dukes 8 Earls 47 Lords and Great men Cl. 〈◊〉 R. 2. d. 13. to him Cons. Lit. to â— Duke 8
Matildae Comitissae Oxon. Katherinae Comitissae Athol Annae le Dispenser Iohannae Fitz-Wauter Margaretae de Roos The next I shall transcribe is this special writ of summons to the Prince of Wales entred at large in Claus. 49 E. 3. m. 6. dorso after the writs to the Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors Temporal Lords and Sheriffs to elect Knights and Burgesses but before the writ to the Warden of the Cinque ports Rex carissimo Primogenito suo Edwardo Principi Walliae salutem Cum super arduis et urgentibus negotiis Nos et statum et defensionem Regni nostri ac Ecclesiae Anglicanae contingentibus Parliamentum nostrum apud Westm. duodecimo die Februarii prox futur teneri ordinavimus per quod per diversa Brevia nostra mandavimus singulis Prael t is Magnatibus et Proceribus dicti regni nostri quod ad dictum Parliamentum nostrum summoneri fecimus quod ad dictum locum Westm. 12 die Febr. intersint super negotiis praedictis tractaturi suumque consilium impensuri Et quia nolumus quod tam ardua negotia dicti regni absque avisamento et consilio vesâ—ro tract entur et dâ—rigantur Vobis mandamus quod apud dictum locum Westm ad dictum duodecimum diem Februar in propria persona vestra â—ntersits Nobiscum ac cum Praelatis Magnaâ—ibus â—t 〈◊〉 praedicâ—s super dictis negoâ—i 〈◊〉 vestrumque consilium impensuri Teste ut supra The next writ wherewith I shall here present you is that of Clause 21 R. 2. m. 9. dorso which is very observable Rex carissimo Avunculo suo Iohanni Duci Aquitaniae et Lancastriae salutem Quia de assensu Praeâ—atorum Procerum et Magnatum regni nostri Angliae in Parliamento nostro apud Westm diâ— Lunae prox post festum Exaltationis Sanctae Crucis prox praeterito summoneri fecimus existentium pro quibusdam arduis et urgentibus negotiis et materiis in eodem Parliamento adhuc pendentibus quae adhuc commode terminari non 〈◊〉 ac aliis causis saâ—is evidentibus dictum Parliamentum usque Quindenam Sancti Hillarii prox futur apud Salop in statâ— quo nunc fuit duximus prorogand et continâ—and Vobis in fide et ligeantia quibus Nobis tenemini firmiter injungendo mandamus quod apud Salop in Qnindena praedicta cum familia et 〈◊〉 staâ—â—â— vestro congruis et non cum multiâ—â—dine genâ—ium nec alio modo quam tempore Domini Edwardi nuper Regis Angliae Avi nostri et nostro anâ—iquitus et communi er fieri consueviâ— personaliter intersiâ—is Nobiscum et 〈◊〉 Praelatis Proceribus et Magnatibus dicti regni no 〈◊〉 super causis negotiis et materiis antedictis finaliâ—er tractaturi vestrumque Consilium impensuri abinde abâ—que licentia nosâ—ra speciali minime recessuri T. R. apud Westm. 5. die Novembris Consimiâ—â—â— Brevia sub eadem data issued to 5. Dukes more one Marquess 6 Earls and 33 Lords Barons and Great men I shall end this Section with this remarkable writ of Summons and Resummons recorded in Claus. â—1 R. 2. m. 13. dors after the List of the Lords names iâ—sued to William de Dacre Rex dilecto et fideli suo Willielmo de Dacre salutem Cum nuper de avisam nto Consilii nostri pro quibusdam arduis et urgentibus negotiis Nos statum et defensionem Regâ—a nostra Aâ—gliâ—â— et Eccleâ—â—â— Anglicanae concernentibâ—s quoddam Parliamentum nostrum apud Westâ— in crastino Purificationis beatae Mariae proâ— futur 〈◊〉 ordinavimus Et â—licet per breve nostrum vobis in fide et ligeantia qâ—ibus Nobis tene mini firmiter injungendo mandaveâ—muâ— quod cessanâ—â— exâ—usaâ—ione quaâ—unque dictis die et loco personaliter interâ—â—â—â— Nobiscum ac cum Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceâ—bus Regni nostri praedicti super negotiis praedictis tractaturi vestrumque consiliâ—m impensâ—â—i Vos tamen mandato nostro praedicto minime parentes ad Parliamentum praedictum dictis die et loco 〈◊〉 huca que venâ—e non curasâ—â—â— in nostâ—a contemptum manifeâ—â—um Et quia Parliamentum praedictum usqâ—e in dâ—em Lunae in 〈◊〉 Quin 〈◊〉 Paschae prox futur duximus continâ—and Vobis in fide et ligeanâ—ia vestris praedictis injungimus et mandamus quod excusatione quacunque cessanâ—e ad locum praedictum in Quindeâ—a praedictâ— perlonalâ—ter intersiâ—is Nobiscum et cum Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceribus dicti Regni nostri super negotiis praedictis tractaturi vestrumque Consilium impensuri ABINDE ABSQUE LICENTIA NOSTRA SPECIALI MINIME RECESSURI ET HOC SUB GRAVI PAENA PER NOS ET DOMINOS IBIDEM TUNC PRAESENTES LIMITAND NULLATENUS OMITTATIS Teste nt supra Per ipsum Regem et Consilium Consimilia Brevia diriguntur subscriptis sub â—adem data viz. Iohi. de Welle Chr. Iohi. Gray de Codonore Willo Botreaux Chr. Iohi le Warre Chr. Iohi. de Monteacuto Chr. Philâ—â—po le Dispenser Chr. By which writ it is apparent 1. That if any Lord neglect or refuse to appear upon the first writ of Summons issued to him that the King may resummon him by a second writ as here he did these Lords 2ly That the not appearing in Parliament upon the first writ of Summons through negligence wilfulness or without lawful excuse made for it is a manifest contempt to the King That no Peers summoned to Parliaments ought to depart whiles the Parliament conâ—inues without the Kings special license 4ly That the not appearing of any Peer when summoned or his departure from Parliament without the Kings special license is to be punished with such a heavy and deserved penalty as the other Lords sitting in Parliament shall limit and inflict not the King himself without the Lords Usefull Annotations and Observations upon the precedent Writs to the Prince of Wales King of Castel and Leon Dukes and other Temporal Lords and Barons and the lists of their names recorded after them 1. I Observe and must inform the Readers that in some few Clause Rolls there are writs of Summons entred only to Earls and other secular Lords without any writs to Archbishops Bishops Abbots and Spiritual Lords who no doubt had like writs then isâ—ued to them though not registred in the Rolls as the Lords writs attest 2. That in the Rolls where in they both are registred the writs to the Temporal Lords are now and then entred before those to the Archbishops Bishops and Spiritual Lords but most usually they follow them 3. That they are commonly entred both together on the self-same dorse or membrana their reciâ—als claâ—ses for the most part the same in terminis except in the Praemunâ—entes c. which is peculiar to the Archbishops and Bishops writs or in the clauses or Homagio et ligeantia quibu Nobiâ— tenemini which is peculiar to the Temporal Lords and never used in the writs to the Bishops Abbots and Eâ—clesiastical Lords but in
fide 〈◊〉 quibus Nobis tâ—nâ—mini only which is oft times inserted into the writs to the Temporal Lords and others of the Laity not peculiar only to the Clergy as in homagio ligâ—antia are to the Temporâ—lly The reason whereof I conceive to be groâ—nded on that of Littleton in his Chapter of Homage Sect. 86. If an Abbot or Prior or other man of Religion which extends to all Archbishops Bishops Deâ—n Parsons Prebends and other Ecclesiastical bodies Politick shall do homage to his Lord he shall not say IEO DEVEIGNE VOSTR HOME whence Homage hath its name and derivation as all Temporal Lords and Laymen ought to doe when they do their homage to the King or other Lords because he hath professed himself PUR ESTRE TANT SOLEMENT LE HOME DE DEâ—U But he shall 〈◊〉 say I do Homage unto you and to you I shall be true and faithfull and faith to you bear for the Tenements which I hold of you In which respect Glanvil lib. 9. c. 1 2. Bractonâ— 78. F. Britton cap. 68. 〈◊〉 3â— cap. 16. resolve Sâ—â—endum â—st quod 〈◊〉 liber 〈◊〉 â—asculus quam famina Clericus et Laicus major minor dum tamen electi in Episcopos POST CONSEâ—R ATIONEM HOMAGIUM NON FACIUNT quicquid â—ecerunt anie sed TANTUM FIDELITATEM Conventus aâ—tâ—m HOMAGIUM nec faciet de Iure sicuâ— NEâ— ABBAS NEC PRIOR â—o quod tenent nomine alieno scilicet nomine Ecclesiarum as Sir Ed. Cook likewise observes in his 1. Institutes f. 65. b. So that they doing no homage properly so stiled to the King after their consecrations nor using the words I become your man if we credit Lâ—ttleton in making their homage as the Temporal Lords do Therupon I conjecture the writs of Summons command the Temporal Lords and Laity to appear c. in fide â—t homagio et in â—ide et ligeantia quibus Nobis tenemini but the Prelates Spiritual Lords and other Clergy only in fide et dilectione they being bound to swear fealty and Allegiance to our Kings for the Freehold Lands and Temporaâ—ties they held of him â—â—xcept only those that hold in Frankalmâ—igne as 29 E. 3. f. 38. a. Littleton Sect. 91 92 93. Sir Edw. Cook in hiâ— 1. Instiâ—utes on these Sections and other Law-books resolve For this I shall produce one memorable Record aâ—â—uring us that all the Archbishops Bishops Abboâ—s Priors and Clergy both in England and Ireland did and of right ought to swear fealty to the King as well as the Temporal Lords and Commons and prescribing Commissioners in Ireland to receive it from them Venerabiii in Christo Patri eâ—dem gratia Midden Episcopo et dilectis et fidelibus suis Mauricio filio Mauricii Justiciario suo Hiberniae et Mgistro Iohanni de Sâ—mford Escheatori suo Hiberniae salutem Cum defuncto jam celebris memoriae Domino Henrico Rege patre nostro cujus animae propicietur Alâ—issimus ad Nos regni Angliae gubernaculum et â—errae Hiberniae Dominium pertineant ob quod PRAELATI Comites et Proceres et Communitas Regni nostri Nobis tanquam Domino suo ligio et Regi FIDELITATIS JURAMENTUM et omnia alia quae Nobis ratione Coronae et Dignitatis Regiae ab ipsis fieri et praestari Nobis in absentia nostra poterun plenariè et sine omissione aliqua prompto et libenti animo PRAESTITERINT AC ARCHIEPISCOPI EPISCOPI ABBATES PRIORES Comites Barones Miâ—ites liberè tenentes ac tota Communitas terrae nostrae HIBERNIAE NOBIS tanquam REGI ET DOMINO SUO â—IGIO CONSIMILE SACRAMENTUM FIDELITATIS PRAESTARE TENEANTUR Dedimus â—obis potestatem recipiendi nomine nostro FIDELITATEM IPSORUM Iâ—a tamen quod si vos omnâ—s interesse ne quiveritis tunc duo velâ—â—us vestrum qui prae ensâ—u rit nihilominus plenaâ—iâ—m hab at potestatem recipiendi nomine nostro FIDELITATEM IPSORUM in forma praedicta Et id o vobi mandamus quod FIDELITATEM PRAEDICTAM nomine nostro recipiatis prout melius videbiâ—is expedire In cujus c. 〈…〉 Westm. 7 die Sept. Aâ—n 1 Eâ— 1. Hence I finde this IURAMENTVM EPISCOPORVM in Tâ—ttles Magna Charta printed London 1556. f. 164. b. being nothiâ—g else but the form of the Oâ—th of Fealty which the Bishops took to our Kings before they received their Temporalties out of their hands being the same in substance which the King of Sâ—ots anâ— his Temporaâ— Lords and English Barons and Laymen usually made to King Edward the 1. and his Successors conâ—inued 〈◊〉 these later times Ieo serra soâ—all et loyall et â—oy et loâ—altie porâ—â—ray AV ROY A SES Hâ—IRES ROYS DE ANGLITERRE de vie et de membres et de terrene honour contre toutâ— gentz qui pâ—yent vivre et mounir Et loyaâ—ment monstray et loyalment ferray les services qui appendent a la temporaltie de Levesque de M. la quelle â—eo claimor de tenir de vousâ— et laâ—quelle voâ—us me rendes Si moy ayde Dieu et ses Saints This Oath of Feâ—lty as Sir Edward Cook and others affirm was first invented and generally prescribed to all persons above 12 years of age by our famous British King Arthur who by vertue thereof ex pulit SARACENOS et Inimices â—egno But this certainly is a meer fable and gross mistake which I admire Mr. Lambard and Sir Edward Cook observed not for the Saxacens never invaded England in any age neither were they expelled the Realm by King Arthur but the Saxons who had then and formerly possessed themselves of a great part of Britain were vanquished and expelled by him in the years of grace 518 520 522 as Matt. Westminster Geoffry Manmouth Tho. Walsingham and other of our Historians relate yet not by vertue of this Oath which no Historian mentionâ— but of his arms and 〈◊〉 this Oath as I concâ—ive being rath â—râ—invented by our Saxon Kings than Kiâ—g Arthur and first prescribed by this Law of King Edmund son of Adelstan made at Culinton by advice of his Bishops and wise men about the year 944. Lex 1. Ut omnes jurent in nomine Domini c. FIDELII ATEM Edmundo Reg. SICVT HOMO DEBET ESSE FIDELIS DOMINO SUO sine omni controversia et seditione in manifesto et occulto c. Et quod ANTEQVAM IURAMENTUM HOC DABITUR ut nemo concelet hoc in fratre vel proximo suo plus quam in extraneo This Oath thus instituted was backed by the Laws of Edw. the Confessor of Will the Conq. Lex 78 79. published by Mr. Selden in whose reign all Bishops before their Consecrations did Homage to the K. as well as Fealty for their Temporalties Which though Archbishop Anselm opposed yet at last it was agreed between King Henry the first and him by assent of the Bâ—shops Abbots Lords and Great men in a Parliamentary
Dilecto et fideli nostro only and that those of the bloud royal are for the most part though not alwayes first entred in the Rolls of summons 81y That when a Duke or Earl of England was made a real or titular King of any forein Realm his Royal title was alwayes mentioned in the writ Thus Iohn Duke of Lancaster King of Castell and Leon in all writs of summons to him after his forein Kingship was stiled Carâ—ssimo filio suo Iohanni Regi Castellae et Lâ—gionis Duci Lancastriae in the summons of 46. 49 50 ◠〈◊〉 And Carissimo Avunculo suo Iohanni Regi Castellâ— Legionis Duci Lancastriae in all the writs issued to him under King Richâ—rd the 2d So if any Earl or Baron of England was created a Duke or Earl in Scotland France or Ireland his forein Titles were inserted into the writs as the Title of Cardinal or Patriarch of Ierusalem was inserted into the English Bishops writs created Cardinâ—ls and Patriarchs beyond the Seas Thus Gilbâ—rt de Vinf an l an English Baron being made Earl of Anegos and David de Strà bolgi Earl of Athol in Scotland Leonell the Kings son Earl of Vlster in Ireland the black Prince made Prince of Aquitain as well as of Wales and Iohn Duke of Lancaster Duke of Aquitan under Richard the 2d the were thereupon stiled Comiti Anegos Comiti Athol Comiti Vlton Principi Aquitaniâ— Walliae Duci Aquitaniae Lancastriae in the writs directed to them and if these their forein Titles were omitted in any Writs against them at the Common Law the writs would abate because they were English Peers and had these Titles inserted into their writs of Summons to Parliament where they sate in their Princes Dukes and Earls Robes amongst the rest of the Dukes and Earls But if any forein Duke Earl Lord or Baron of France Ireland Spain or Germany who was no English Baron Lord or Peer of Parliament was sued in the Kings Court by writ he might be stiled only a Knight or Esquire and needed not to be sued by the Title of Duke Earl Lord or Baron because he was no Duke Earl Lord or Baron at all in England but only in his own Country and should be tried upon an Indictment of Treason Murder or Felony only by an ordinary Iury and not by English Peers By which differences the Books of 39 E. 3. 3â— Brooks Nosme de dignity â—9 59. Parl. 4. 11 E. 3. Fiâ—zh Brief 473. 8 R. 2. Fitzh Proces 224. 20 E. 4. 6. Brooks Nosme de Dignity 49. Dyer â—60 b. Cook 7 rep Calvins case f. 15 16. 9. rep â—â—nchers case f. 117. 3. Instit. p. 20. 4. Instit. p. 47. are fully reconciled 9. That if any Earl Baron or Lord was Marshal Constable Steward Admiral Chancellor Treasurer or other great Officer of England or Warden of the Cinque ports his Title of Office was commonly inserted into the writs of Summons As Rogero or Thomae Comiti Naff Marescallo Angliae Avunculo suo carissimo Thomae de Wodestoke Constaâ—ulario Augliae Willo de Clâ—nton comiti Haâ—iâ—gdon Constabulario Castri Dover et Custodi quinque Portuum suorum c. What precedency these Officers had of other Earls Lords and Barons in Parliament you may read in the Statute of 31 H. 8. c. 10. and Mr. Sâ—ldens Titles of Honor. p. 901 c. 10. That in the lists of the Dukes Earls Lords and Barons names there is no certain order observed according to their Antiquity or Precedency but in some Rolls one is first entred in other Rolls others listed before them and they again postponed in succeeding lists Yâ—t generally for the most part â—hough not always the Prince of Wales is first entred before the rest the Dukes before the Earls the Earls Vicounts before the Lords and Barons and they before the Iudges or Kings Counsil and the Earl who was Marshal of England before the other Earls the Clerks entring their names promiscuously for the most part as the Writs came to their hands Some times the first Writs entred at large issued to one Earl Lord Duke Baron other times the Writs go to others without observing the Laws of Heraldry though in the reing of Edward the 3d. and afterwards their names are more methodically entred then before that time oft times in the selfsame order or with some small variations and transpositions So as the Precedency of the Earls or Barons and their places of sitting in the Parliament House cannot be certainly collected from or defined by the entry of their Writs of Summons or liâ—ting in the Eodem modo mandatum est or Consimiles litâ—rae but by custom and the Statute of 31 H. 8. cap. 10. 11ly That in some Clause Rolls there is one Writ to the Archbishop or some other Bishop first entred at large and another Writ at large to some one Earl or temporal Lord with an Eodem modo or Consimiles literae only entred to the rest there listed but most usually there is only but one Writ entred at large to one of the Archbishops or some other Bishops and then a short recital of some part of that Writ to one temporal Lord with an c. Teste ut supra and the like for brevity sake and an Eodem modo and Consimiles literae or some short entries of some special clauses of the Writ to all the other temporal Lords 12ly That in the Eodem modo and Consimiles Literae first the Bishops Abbots Priors and spiritual Lords then the Dukes Earls Temporal Lords Barons Justices Kings Counsils names are entred successively one after another after the first Writ which is singly entred in sundry Rolls without any Writ or part of Writ interposed between their names as if they had all the selfsame Writs in terminis issued to them But in most Rolls there is either a distinct Writ or part of Writ or an Eodem modo mandatum est c. mutatis mutandis interposed between the names of the Bishops Abbots Priors and Earls and Lay Lords likewise between the Temporal Lords and the Kings Counsil and Justices summoned to Parliaments with the usual clauses wherin the writs differ one froÌ„ another inserted into them which different clauses no doubt were in most of the Writs issued to them in those Rolls where they are all entred promiscuously together in the Eodem modo and Consimiles Literae without any Writ or part of a Writ or mâ—tatis mutandis interposed between theÌ„ omitted only for brevity sake by the Clerks who ingrossed the Rolls 13ly That the English Barons who were titâ—lary Earls in Scotland under the Kings Jurisdiction and Allegance were alwayes summoned and liâ—â—ed amongâ—â— the Earls of England in the Rolls of Summons not amongst the English Lords aud Barons who were no Earls witnesse Gilbert and Robert de Vmfranil Earls of Anegos in Scotland and David de Stabolgi Earl of Athol alwayes summoned to the Parliaments
Norwich Waltero de Thorp Gilberto de Middleton T. ut supra to come to the King apud Dover another day 33 It is most apparent by these respective Clauses twice recited in all antient and modern writs of summons to the Spiritual Temporal Lords 4 or 5 times in the writs of Prorogation Resummons to them hereafter cited Section 7. Vobiscum cum caeteris Praelatis or cum Praelatis et caeteris Magnatibus et Proceribus dicti regni habere volumus or proponimus Colloquium Tractatum Vobis mandamus c. quod personaliter ad dictos diem locum intersitis Nobiscum et cum caeteris Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceribus dicti regni super dictis negotiis tractaturi vestrumque Consilium impensuri which make not the least mention of their sitting treating or consulting with the Knights Citizens Burgesses or Commons of the Realm or of theirs with the Lords And by the like Clauses in the writs of Summons to the Kings Counsil and in the writs issued to Sheriffs for electing Knights Citizens and Burgesses The first part whereof recites Quia nos de avisamento et assensu Consilii nostrâ— c. quoddam Parliamentum nostrum apud W. c. tâ—neri ordinavimus et ibidem cum Praelatis Magnatibus Proceribus dicti regni nostri ColloquiuÌ„â—abere et Tractatuâ— without mentioning any Conference or Treaty at all of the Commons jointly with the Prelats Lords Great men in the Parliament who by the writ are to be elected reâ—urned summoned impowred only Ad faciendum et consentiendum hiis quae tunc ibidem de Communi Consilio regni nostri or Praelatorum Magnatum Procerum dicti regni nostri divina favente Clementia contigerit ordinari That the Lords and Commons nevâ—r sate and consulted together as one intire House in the Parliaments of England since their first Summons to our Parliaments but that theâ— alwaies sate and consulted asunder one from the other Therfore Sir Edw. Cook his over-confident Assertion without any real ground of Authority or reason in his 4. Institutes p. 4. Certain it is that at the first both Houses â—ate together as it appeareth by Modus tenendi Parliamentum which directly avers the contrary Sect. 15 16 17 27. and by 5 E. 3. n. 3. other places of the same Roll and in 6 E. 3. in divers places it appeareth that the Lords and Commons sate together when as both those Parliament Rolls and others unâ—er Ed. 3. expresly evidence the contrary as I have elsewhere fully evidenced must be exploded as Apochryphal and enumerated amongst his other mistakes 34 That the Temporal Lords could not impose any Tax Aid or Subsidy upon the Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors and Spiritual Lords or Clergy without or against their particular grants or assents in Convocation no more than the Spiritual Lords and Clergy could impose any Aids or Taxes upon the Temporal Lords and Commons as I have formerly evidenced p. 113. to 120. 148 149 153 154 155. For further evidence whereof I shall hereunto subjoyn this ensuing memorable writ casuallâ— omitted out of the first Section pag. 31. where it should have been placed Clauâ— 4 â—d 3. m. 3. dorso Rex venerabili in Christo Paâ—ri S. eadem gratia Archiepiscopo Cantuar. totius Angliae Primati salutem A vestra memoria non excidit ut speramus qualiter nuper apud Elâ—ham in praesentia vestra et aliorum Praelatorum et Procerum de regno nostro quos tunc ibidem pro magnis et arduis nego â—iis nostris fecimus congregari exposita â—uerunt inter alia negotia contingentia Nos et Regem Franciae et post diligentem tractatum inde habitum tam vobis quam ipsis videbatur quod pro pace habenda cum ipso Rege esset omnibus modis et viis quibus poâ—sumus exhaeredâ—tionis periculo obviare insistend Et si forâ—an ideÌ„ Rex vias Pacis rationabiles recusarâ—t et ad exhaeredationem nostram quoad Ducatum praedictum et alias terras quas habemus subDominio suo niâ—eretur quod ad defensionem nostram contra ipsuÌ„ cuÌ„ Dei adjutorio vires nostras opponere deberemuâ— Eâ— ad hoc tam vos quam câ—â—â—eri Praelaâ—i 〈◊〉 Magnates tunc ibidem existen praebuistis consilium â—et promisistis opem et auxilium opponere oportunium Et suâ—er hoc concordatum existiâ— quod Parâ—iamentum nostrum apud Wynton ad diem Dominicam prox ante festum Sancti Gregorâ—i Papae prox prae eriâ—um summoneri fâ—cerimus Verum quia in eodem Pâ—rliamento expositis negotiis supradictis habitaque deliberaâ—ione super modo et forma defensionis contra potentiam ipsius Regis si forsan dictas terras nostras invadere voluerit apponendo petitoque sigillatim a qâ—â—liber Praelâ—to et Magnate CUIVSMODI SUBSIDIUM NOBIS IN EODEM EVENâ—U FACERE VOLEBAT ac Comitibus et BARONIBUS voluntatem in ea parte Nobis benevole exponenâ—ibus dicti Praelati responderuâ—â— quod propâ—er absentiam vestram eorum responsum tunc facere nequiverunt sed IN CONVOCATIONE ea de causa facienda taliter facere volebant quod inde contentari deberemus Nos igitur ad pericula et dampna quae non solum nobis sed etiam vobis et toto regno nostro evenire poterunt si praefatus Rex Nobis guerram movere voluerit ut est dictum nisi de bona et forti resistenâ—ia providaâ—uâ— â—â—bitae considerationis inâ—uitum diâ—igentes attendenâ—es quoque quod ad hoc non solum ex Ligeantiae debiâ—o sed etiam pro tantis et tam ineâ—â—imabi ibus evitandis periculis Vos et caeteri Praelati â—atuâ—qâ—e Clerus regni nostri manus apponere tenemini adjuâ—rices Vobis mandamus rogantes quaâ—inus ad diem Lunae prox post sestum Sanctorum Tiburtâ—â— Valeriani prox futur convenire fac omnes Praelatos tam Religiosos quam alios totumquâ— Câ—erum vestrum Cantuar. Provinciae coram Vobis eisque dicta negotia et peâ—icula imminentia seriosius exponere studeatis Inducentes eos modis et viis quibus expedire videâ—iâ—is quod tantae necessitatis articulo TALE NOBIS SUBSIDIVM FACIANT pro tantis periculis evitandis quod per vestrum et ipsorum subventionem jura et honorem nostri et totius regni nostri conservare ipsosque et totum populum nostrum ab hostium incâ—rsibus â—ueri et protegere valeamus domino nobis assistente Mittemus autem ad vos ad â—iem et locum praedictos quosdam de fidelibus nostris ad praemi sa prosequenda â—ieri curanda prout eis tunc ex parte nostra injungetur Teste Rege apud Winton 18 die Marcii Anno Regni nostri quarto 35. That the Lords in Pâ—rliament were the usual Iudges not only in all Crâ—minal and Civil Causes and writs of Error but likewise in all cases of Precedency and Controversies concâ—rning Peers and Peerage as
Parliamentum nostrum apud Lincoln mittatis Ita quod sint ibi in Octabis Sancti Hillarii prox futur ad ultimum Nobiscum cum caeteris de Consilio nostro super praemissis tractaturi suumque consilium impensuri Et hoc sicuâ— Nos honorem ac commodum Regni nostri diligitis nullatenus omittatis T. Rege ut supra Eodem modo mandatum est Cancellar et Universitati Cantebr quod mittant ad dictum Parliamentum duo vel tres de discretioribus et magis in â—ure scripto expertis c. Then follows a writ to sundry Abbots Priors Deans and Chapters with the same recital Quia super Iure Dominio c. as in the last De mittendiâ— Chronic ad Parliamentum c. of which in its due place more fully The occasion and result whereof and of sending these Lawyers from the Universities to the Parliament you may read at large in Matthew Westminster Anno 1302. p. 419. to 438. and in Thomas de Walsingham Hist. Angl. p. 32. to 58. Before I proceed to the ensuing Writs I shall here observe 1. That this recital Quia super jure Dominio quae Nohis in regno Scotiae competit c. is not mentioned at all in the Writs of Summons to the Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors temporal Lords Justices or Sheriffs of Counties but only to the Clergy-men of the Kings Counsil Vniversities and to those Abbots Priors Deanes and Chapters who were to search and send their Chronicles to the Parliament that had any thing in them concerning the Kings right to Scotland 2ly That for the Honour of my Quondam nursing Mother the University of Oxford she is here preferred before the Vniversity of Cambridge and her Chancellor and she enjoyned to send 4. or 5. of the discreâ—test and most exact Lawyers of the said University to the Parliament to treat with the King and the rest of his Counsil concerning his ancient right and dominion to the Realme of Scotland whereas the Chancellour and Vniversity of Cambridge are commanded to send only 2. or 3. such Lawyers of it for that purpose 3ly That these Lawyers sent from the Universities upon this special occasion were only extraordinary assistants there being no such president of any thus sent to succeeding Parliaments The 6. Writ of this kind is in Claus. 30. E. 1. d. 13. Rex dilectoâ— fidelissimo suo Rogero la Brabazun salutem Quia super quibusdam arduis negotiis Nos totum Regnum nostrum specialiter tangentibus Vobiscum Cum caeteris de Consilio Nostro habere Volumus colloquium tractatum Vobis mandamus firmiter injungentes quod in Octabis Nativitatis Sancti Johannis Baptistae prox futur ad ultimum apud Westm. omnibus modis personaliter intersâ—â—is Nobiscum superâ—dictis negotâ—is tractatur vestrumque consilium impensur hoc nullatenus omittatis T. Rege ut supra p. 13. Consimiles literae diriguntur subscriptis viz. 33. more Judges and others mentioned in the former Catalogues Anno. 34. E. 1. dors 2. There is no Writ to the Assistants entred in the Roll but 16. of them only Justices and Clergy-men are named in the Eodem modo after the Lords and great men with aâ—little space between their names for distinction sake The next Writ of this kind is thus briefly registred Claus. 1. E. 2. dors 19. Rex dilecto fideli suo Rogeroâ— le Brabazun salutem Quia super quibusdam c. ut supra usquâ— ibi vobiscum cum caeteris fidelibus nostris c. Magnatibus c. Teste Rege ut supra p. 14. 15. eodem modo scribitur subscriptis viz. 29. more Justices Clerks and others In Claus. 1. E. 2. d. 9. There is no Writ but after the Earles and Barons Writ and names followes this entry Eodem modo mandatum est subscriptis viz. Willielmo Iuge and 36. others whereof 2. only were Clergy-men The next Writ is in Claus. 1. E. 2. dors 8. Rex dilecto fideli suo Rogero de Brabazon salutem Quia c. ut supra p. 15. Vobis mandamus firmiter injungentes quod dictis die loco omnibus aliis praetermissis personaliter intersitis ibidem Nobiscum Cum caeteris de Consilio Nostro super dictis negotiis tractatur vestrumque consilium impensur hoc nullatenus omâ—ttatis T. R. apud Westm. x. Die Martii Consimiles literae diriguntur to 35. others Justices and Lay-men and but to 2. Clerks In Claus. 2. E. 2. d. 14. 11. 20 Schedula there are 4. Writs of the same forme with the last The 1. to Roger de Brabazon and 34. others whereof one only was a Clerk the 2. to him and 16. others whereof 7. were Clerks the 3d. to him and 22. others whereof 6. were Clerks and two others Escheators the one ultra Trentam the other citra Trentam The 4th to him and 6. more the one of them a Clerk The next Writ is in Claus. 4. E. 2. dors 1. somewhat different from the former Rex dilecto fideli suo Willielmo de Bereford salutem Quia super diversis arduis negotiis Nos Statum Regni nostri specialiter tangentibus in instanti Parliamento nostro die Dominica prox ante festum Sancti Laurentii prox futur fecimus summoneri Vobiscum cum caeteris de Consilio nostro Colloquium habere volumus tractatum Vobis mandamus firmiter injungentes quod omnibus aliis praetermissis dictis die loco personaliter intersitis Nobiscum cum caeteris de Consilio nostro super praemissis tractaturi Vestrumque consilium impensur Et hoc nullatenus omittatis T. ut supra â—p Eodem modo scribitur subscriptis viz. 16. Lay-men more Claus. 5. E. 2. d. 17. The Kings Counsill Clerks and Judges are thus entred in the eodem modo scribitur subscriptis after the Earles and Lords with a lines space between them and this distinction made between them in the margin of the Roll. Iohanni de Sandale Iohanni de Merkingfeld Waltero de Norwico Iohanni Abell Magistro Ricardo de Abyndon Magistro Iohan. de Everdon Magistr Roberto de Pickering Magistro Iohanni de Nassington senior Rogero Brabazon Willielmo de Bereford Gilberto de Roubury Stephano de Malo Lacu Waltero de Thorp Magistro Tho. de Cobham Magistro Golberto de Middleton Magistro Tho. de Loggore Willielmo de Goldington Iohan. de Chaynell Roberto de Cliderhow Iohan. de Foxle Roberto de Reâ—ford Willielmo de Ormesby Henrico de Stourton Henr. le Scroop Iohan. de Benstede Iohan. de Insula Lamberto de Trikingham Iohan. de Miâ—ford Henr. de Guldeford Iohan. de Doncastr Willielmo Inge Henr. Spigurnel In Claus. 6. E. 2. d. 31. There is such a Writ to Roger le Brabazon as the fore rehearsed with Vobiscum caeteris de Consilio nostro c. twice repeated in it and an eodem mâ—do mandatum est to 42
Kings Counsil summoned to Parliaments and Great Councils by the precedent writs were sometimes very many in number somtimes very few and alwaies more or less at the Kings meer pleasure In the first writ and list of summons extant they were no less than 40 in some others above 30 in most under 20 usually in later times but 10 11 12 13 or 14 sometimes but 4 5 6 or 7 once or twice but one Sometimes most of them were Deans Archdeacons and other Clerks or Clergymen who had alwaies the Title MAGISTRO praefixed to their names both in the writs and lists of their names other times the major number were Justices Laymen and but two or three Clerks In later times the Clergymen were wholly omitted or very rarely inserted and that when they were Treasurers or Temporal Officers to the King An unanswerable apparent Argument and demonstraon that they were no essential Members of our Parliaments or Great Councills since the King might thus summon more or fewer of them or which of them he thought fittest and omit all or any or as many of them as he would at his pleasure out of the summons 4ly That in all lists of Summons of this kinde the Kings Chief Justices and other Justices of his Courts at Westm and Chief Baron were constantly summoned in more or less numbers and the Kings Serjeants very frequently yea the writs of Summons entred in the Rolls were for the most part issued to the Kings Chief Justice because there was most use of the Justices and learned Lawyers advice and counsel in Parliaments in all matters of Law there debated inâ—writs of Error there pending in the penning of New and altering explaining or repealing of former Statutes in Pleas of the Crown and other cases criminal or civil heard and determined in Parliaments than there was of inferiour Clergymen of the Counsil the Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors and Spiritual Lords there present as Members being sufficiently able to advise the King and Temporal Lords in all Ecclesiastical matters there debated or treated of especially when assisted with the Clerks of the Convocation usually summoned without any Clergymen of the Kings Counsil 5ly That by the King and his Counsil Vs and Our Counsil Vs and the rest of our Counsil aliis ac caeteris de Consilio nostro in the precedent and other writs in the Clause Rols the Rolls of Parliament the afetrcited Statutes and other Acts of Parliament the Kings Justices and others summoned to Parliaments and Great Councils as his Counsil not as Spiritual or Temporal Lords are properly meant and intended not the Lords of the Kings Privy or continual Council nor yet the Lords in Parliament or Parliament it self the Parliament in the writs of Summons to the Bishops in the Clause of Praemunientes Decanum Capitulum Archidiaconos totumque Clerum vestrae Dioc c. and in the writs to the Sheriffs Wardens of the Cinqueports being usually stiled Commune Consilium Regni nostri as the Clause Ad consentiendum hiis quae tunc ihidem de Communi Consilio regni nostri contigerit ordinari inserted into the last part of these Writs informes us And so is it stiled in the writ prescribed by the Statute De non ponendis in Assisâ—s Anno 21 E. 1. in other Writs grounded upon Acts of Parliament in the Register of Writs and Natura Brevium Or the Kings Common or General Council as in the Stat of Vouchers 18 E. 1. in the Statutes of Wast de Defensione Iuris An 20 E 1. and other printed Acts and long before this in Pat. 1 Joh Râ— m. 3 n. 3. Pat. 1 H 3. m. 3. Pat. 3 H 3. ps 2. m. 6. and sundry other writs and Patents in his reign 6ly That although Sir Edward Cooke and others make this the chief or sole distinguishing Claâ—se or proprium quarto modo between the writs of Summons to the Lords and Members of the Lords House and Assistants that the one are always summoned quod in propria persona intersitis Nobiscum ac cum dictis or caeteris Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceribus dicti regni nostri super dictis negotiis tractaturi vestrumque consilium impensuri The others only summoned quod personaliter intersitis Nobiscnm et cum caeteris de Consilio nostro super dictis negotiis tractaturi vestrumque consilium impensuri Yet this is not a general truth For 1. in sundry forecited writs to the Kings Counsil Justices and Assistants this clause Et cum caeteris de Consilio nostro c. is totally omitted though it be in most of them and intersitis Nobiscum only or intersitis Nobiscum et cum dictis Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceribus super dictis negotiis tractaturi vestrumque consilium impensuri without any cum caeteris de Consilio nostro inserted in lieu thereof yet with this distinction not formerly observed by any to my knowledge that in the writs to the Spiritual and Temporal Lords the words alwayes run thus in the first Clause of the writs Vobiscum ac cum CAETERIS Praelatis Magnatibus Proceribus dicti Regni nostri to a Spiritual Lord and Vobiscum cum Praelatis ac CAETERIS Magnatibus et Proceribus c to a Temporal Lord and thus in the mandatory part dictis die et lâ—co personaliter intersitis Nobiscum ac cum CAETERIS Praelatis Magnatibus Proceribus if to a Prelate and if to a Temporal Lord Nobiscum ac cum Praelatis et CAETERIS Magnatibus et Proceribus Praedictis super dictis negotiis tractaturi c. the word Caeteris is alwaies omitted in the writs to the Justices and other Assistants of the Counsil in both these clauses because they are no Spiritual nor Temporal Lords of Parliament nor summoned as such and cum Praelatis Magnatibus Proceribus without caeteris being only used in their writs both where cum caeteris de Consilio nostro is inserted into their writs after the word Proceribus or elsewhere and where it is totally omitted So that the omission of the word caeteris in this place and manner in all writs to the Justices and other Assistants and the inserting it as aforesaid into the writs of the Spiritual and Temporal Lords is the principal distinguishing word that puts a difference between them not this Clause alone Nobiscum cum aliis de Consilio nostro twice inserted into the writs of Prorogation and Resummons both to the Temporal and Spiritual Lords as well as to the Justices and Assistants Claus 33 E. 1. d. 9 10. which I shall recite at large in its due Section 7ly That in the writs of Summons to the Kings Counsil they are never licensed to appear by Proxies or Attorneys as the Spiritual and Temporal Lords sometimes are but in proper person alone 8ly That such of them who were Deans Archdeacons or Clergymen have alwaies the Title MAGITRO prefixed to their names both in
Henry la Warre 12 14 H. 4. 1 H. 5. William Westbury 5 7 9 10 13. 18 20 23 H. 6. Iohn de Westcote 6 d. 17. E. 2. William de Weston 17 19 E. 2. 2 d. 23. 31. E. 3. Philip de Willoughby Decan Lincoln 23 d. 9. Cancell Scac. Regis 28 d. 3. 17. 30 d. 9 10. 32 E. 1. Richard de Willoughby Willughby 3 d. 19. 4 d. 19. 41. 5. d. 7. 25. 6 d. 9 10 30. 7 8 9 10 d. 1. 5. 11 d. 11. 40. 12 13 d. 1. 28. 14 d. 23. 33. 20 22 d. 7. 32. 23 24 25 26 31 d. 2. 21 E. 3. Robert de Wodehouse 14 d. 5. 23. 15 16 E. 2. Archidiac Richmond 3 d. 19. Thesaurarius Regis 4 d. 19. 41. 5 d. 7. 25. 12 13 d. 1. 28. 14 d. 23. 33. 16 17 E. 3. William de Wychyngham 42 43 44 47 49 50 E. 3. 1 2 R. 2. Magister Gerrard de Wyspanes Archidiac Richmond 2â— d. 9. 28 E. 1. X WIlliam Yelverton 23 25 27 28 29 31. 33 38 Miles 49 H. 6 1 2 6 9 E. 4. Magister Thomas Younge 34 d. 4. 36 37. Offic. Cur. Cancellar 39 42 43 44 47 49 E. 3. Thomas Younge 49 d. 6. â— 6. 6 9 E. 4. Z MAgister William de la Zousche Decanus Ecclesiae beatae Mariae Ebor. Thesaurarius Regis 11 d. 11. 12 13 d. 1. 28. 14 d. 23. 33. E. 3. Where the Dorses are for brevity omitted in any years of this or any the precedent Tables after a particular name you may readily find them in the precedent Sections in the writs to the Prelats Temporal Lords and Counsil which are all entred together in the self-same Rolls and Dorses when they all occurr General useful Observations on and from the precedent Writs of Summons mentioned in the premised Sections and the 7. Sections next ensuing in the second part following them HAving thus presented you with 3 distinct Sections or Squadrons of Writs of Summons to our Parliaments Great Councils and Convocations issued to Arch-bishops Bishops Abbots Priors and other Ecclesiastical Lords the P. of Wales Dukes Earls Barons Temporal Lords and great men of the Realm the Kings Counsil Iustices with some useful particular Observations on them in each Section I shall for a close of this first part of my breif Register Kalender and Survey of them superadd some general necessary Observations on and Conclusions from them and the 7. next following Sections which I intended to have annexed to this first part of my Register but now shall reserve for the second for the further information of the Readers the benefit of Posterity and rectifying some Oversights in sundry printed trivial Discourses of our English Parliaments First From the manifold rare delightful Varieties Forms Diversities and distinct kinds of Writs of Sommons transcribed out of the Clause Rolls in a Chronological method Vaâ—ied from time to time by our Kings their Chancellors Counsellors and Officers who formed them as there was occasion without the privity or direction of their Parliaments before the Statutes of 7. H. 4. c. 15. 6. H. 6. c. 4. 8. H. 6. c. 7. 23. H. 6. c. 11. 15. which ordered some new clauses to be inserted only into the VVrits for Election of Knights of Shires and none else for preventing and rectifying abuses in such elections but prescribed no set unalterable future formâ— for those or any other Writs of Sommons leaving the King and his Counsil at Free Liberty as before to vary and alter them as they saw just cause The Judicious Readers may clearly discern what little credit is to be given to Reverend Sir Edward Cookes obâ—ervation in his slight discourse Touching the VVrits of Sommons of Parliament which are to be found in the close Rolls from time to time Which begins thus Aâ—d it is to be Observed that the substance of the VVrits ought to continue in their Original Essence without any Alteration or Addition unlesse it be by Act of Parliament For if Original VVrits at the Common Law can receive no Alteration or Addition but by Act of Parliament A multo Fortiori The Writs of the Sommons of the Highest Court of Parliament can receive no Alteration or Addition but by Act of Parliament c. But had this great Oracle of the Law diligently considered the manifold varieties of the Writs of Sommons to Parliaments With their several Alteraions and Additions made from time to time upon emergent occasions without any Act or Order of Parliament Or had he remembred old Bractons and his own distinction of these two different sorts of Original VVrits in the places he refers us to in his margin viz. Brevia Originalia quaedam sunt formata sub suis casibus de cursu De communi Concilio totius Regni concessa et Approbata quae quadem Nullatenus mutari poterint absque consensu et voluntate â—orum quaedam Magistralia et saepe variantur secundum varietatem casuum factorum et quaerelarum and that by the Masters and Clarks of the Chancery themselves according to the variety of every Mans case as himself and the Statute of VVestm 2. c. 23. resolve us without any Act or common consent in Parliament And then judiciously pondered that Writs of Sommons to Parliaments are all of this latter kind only Migistraliâ— and frequently varied according to the several varieties of the causes Publick grievances Dangers Emergences Businesses Complaints occasioÌ„ing their Sommoning expressed usually in these Writs different Prologues he would certainly never have made such a strange erronious Observation as this upon these Writs contradicted by so many Presidents on record in all former ages nor alleaged such a pittiful mistaken Argument a multo Fortiori and such Authorities to justifie it Which diametrically contradict both his reason and observation the Writs of Sommons being all of them Magistralia not Formata sub suis Casibus as the miserably mistook them to be Therefore if such Magistral Writs are ofâ—â—imes varied according to the variety of cases facts and complaints in particular mens cases by the Clerks of Chancery and Cursitors themselves without Act of Parliament a multo fortiori may Writs of Sommons to Parliaments of the self same kind which concern the great weighty affairs of the King Kingdom and Church of England be varied altered by the King himself with the Advise of his Great Officers Judges Council according to the variety of emergent occasions requiring Parliaments to be called without any Act or consent of Parliament authorizing it notwithstanding Sir Edwards groundlesse Assertion to the contrary though prefaced with and it is to be observed as I conceive it will henceforth be for a great mistake although formerly believed as an undoubted Truth upon his Ipse dixit whose venerable reputation hath canonized many of his Apochryphal conceipts which have dangerously seduced most Students and Professors of the Law with others who peruse his Institutes for whose better Information and Vindication of
the Writs of Summons and Prorogation attest 11. That for the most part all Writs of Summons and Prorogation both to the spiritual and temporal Lords Kings Counsil Sheriffs of Counties and Wardens of the Cinque-ports have the self-same Teste date Prologues yet now and then some of them are different in their dates yet very rarely in their recitals That there is frequently a different space of daies and times between the dates of the Writs of Summons and Resummons upon Writs of Prorogation and the daies of the first meeting of the Parliaments and Great Councils to which they are summoned and elected as you may easily discern by comparing them there being sometimes two months space or more sometimes fifty daies but usually forty daies or more according to the Charter of King Iohn between the date of the Writs and daies of appearance in Parliaments and Grand Councils Yet in cases of extream necessity upon sudden unexpected dangers I finde two Parliaments summoned to meet within the space of forty daies as in Claus. 4 E. 3. d. 19. Where there was onely two and thirty daies between the date of the Writ and Parliament which being unusual there is an express clause in the Writs that it should not be drawn into consequence for the future So in 28 Eliz. the Writ bore date the 15th of September and the Parliament was to begin the 15th of October following but thirty daies after All other Writs to my best remembrance these two excepted having at least forty daies between the Teste and daies of appearance that so the Members might have competent time to prepare themselves to repair to Parliaments and Great Councils after their Summons and Elections 12. That in ancient times our Parliaments and Great Councils were more frequently summoned to meet and appear on the Lords Day than on any other day of the week which abuse in succeeding times was reformed and quite discontinued even in times of Popery as well as since the reformation of Religion 13. That our Kings upon extraordinary publick dangers and other occasions may summon Parliaments Great Councils Convocations as often as they think meet That they were anciently summoned once or twice every year at least and some times thrice four or five times in one year according to the ancient Constitution in the. Council at Hereford Anno 673. Can. 7. The Law of King Alfred Rotul Ordinationum 5 E. 2. n. 31. 4 E. 3. c. 14. Rot. Parl. n. 14. 36. E. 3. cap. 10. 50. E. 3. Rot. Parl. n. 181. 1 R. 2. rot Parl. n. 95. 2. R. 2. rot Parl. n. 4. 5. 16 Carol. cap. 1. 14. That the more weighty difficult pressing urgent the occasions and dangers were of summoning Parliaments the more importunate vehement urgent mandatory minatory and compulsary were the expressions mandates clauses in the Writs of Summens for the Lords and Commons personal appearance and attendance without admitting any excuses or procurations and not to depart from them without special licence 15. That when any publick weighty businesses intended to be propounded dispatched in one Parliament or Great Council by reason of other businesses or shortness of time could not be propounded or concluded therein thereupon another Parliament or Council was soon after called to dispatch it the day and place whereof was sometimes appointed in and by the Parliament next preceding before its dissolution 16. That though anciently before the word Parliamentum came in use among our Ancestors Great Councils were the same in substance with Parliaments yet since the summoning of Knights Citizens Buâ—gesses and Barons of the Ports to Parliaments and the insertion of Parliamentum into the Writs of Summons and Statutes you may obâ—erve some differences between Parliaments and Councils and the Writs of Summons to them which are frequently distinguished in the margin of the Clause Rolls by this different entry Summunitio Parliamenti De veniendo ad Parliamentum c. Summonitio Concllil de veniendo ad Concilium c. The principal differences between them are these 1. That many Bishops Abbots and Nobles are usually omitted in the Summons to Councils which were usually summoned to Parliaments and seldome omitted in the summons to them unless absent in forraign parts 2. That many persons were summoned to Councils which wee never finde summoned to Parliaments 3. That there is no Clause of Praemunientes in the Writs of Summons to Councils issued to Archbishops and Bishops to summon their Chapters Deans Archdeacons and Clergy of their Diocess as there is usually in their Writs of Summons to Parliaments 4. That Writs of Summons to Councils issued to the Lords Great men are seldome accompanied with any Writs of Election for Knights Citizens Burgesses and Barons of Ports issued to Sheriffs or the Warden of the Cinqueports as Writs of Summons to Parliaments are and if any Knights Citizens or Burgesses be summoned to them it is in a different manner and number than when they were summoned to Parliaments 5. Writs of Summons to Parliaments are usually accompanied with Writs of Summons to the Kings Counsils but those to Councils are never attended with such Writs distinct from those issued to the spiritual and temporal Lords as Writs of Summons to Parliaments are Which differences some injudicious Writers and Antiquaries not observing have both confounded those Writs together as one and mistaken one of them frequently for the other 17. That the principal end scope of summoning Parliaments ought to be the common benefit ease profit welfare of the people the execution promotion of publick Justice the Peace and good Government of the Realm the reformation of all publick grievances and oppressions the enacting of wholesome Laws the maintenance of the Great Charters and Liberties of the people and freeing them from all unjust exactions impositions taxes not granted by Parliament nor warranted by Law the necessary defence of the Realm by common consent against forraign enemies and not to exact and impose unnecessary insupportable excessive endless Aids and Taxes on the people 18. That no publick war ought to be undertaken nor no Aids Taxes Imposts Customes or Tallages imposed on or exacted levyed on the people by our Kings or any other but onely by common consent and Grant of the Lords and Commons in a full and free Parliament though it be for the necessary defence of the Kingdome by Land or Sea the defence or regaining of the Lands and Rights of the Crown in forraign parts and that onely in moderate and just proportions granted onely for a short season and leavyed in a legal manner Nor no mens Rights precluded or forejudged in Parliament by any general Act before they bee heard Nor the Clergy taxed by the Lords and Commons but onely by themselves in their convocations 19. That the Writs of Summons to Parliaments enjoyning all the temporal Earls Peers Lords and Barons of the Realm and commanding them upon and in the Love
et sic soluto CONCILIO Dominus Rex dedit universis hominibus suis tam Clericis quam Lacis licentiam capiendi crucem Unde factum est quod Baldwinus Cantuariensis Archiepiscopus et Ranulphus Iusticiarius Angliae Walterus Rothomagensis Archiepiscopus et Hugo Dunelmensis Episcopus et alii quamplures Episcopi transmarini et cismarini et fere omnes Comites et Barones et Milites Angliae Normanniae Aquitaniae Britanniae Andegaviae Cenomanniae Turoniae Crucem ceperunt Deinde Dominus Rex venit usque Windleshoures et ibi in Dominica ubi cantatur Laetare Jerusalâ—m fecit Johannem silium suum militem statim misit eum in Hyberniam INDE EVM REGEM CONSTITVIT To pretermit the Parliamentary Councils under Kingâ— Richard the 1. of which I have given you some account in my Plea â—or the Lords p. 234. to 242. I shall proceed to those in the beginning of King Iohns reign In the 1. year of King Iohn Anno Dom. 1199. there was a Great Council of the Spiritual and Temporal Lords and Barons summoned to his Coronation thus related by Matthew Westminster though there be no writs of Summons thereunto extant on record Dux Normanniae Johannes in vigilia Ascensionis Domini London venit ibi CONGREGATIS ANGLIAE NOBILIBVS ab Hâ—bâ—rto Cantuariensi Archiepiscopo coronatus est dieâ— Ascensionis Domini which Roger de Hovâ—den thus relates Congregatis igitnr apud Lundonias in adventâ— praedicti ducis Huberto Cantuariensi Johanne Dublinensi et de Raguse Archiepiscopus Willielmo Lundoniensi Gilberto Roffensi Johanne Norwicensi Hugone Lincolnensi Eustachio Eliensi Godfrido Wintoniensi Henrico Exoniensi Sefrido Cicestrensi Gauâ—rido Coventrensi Savarico Bathoniensi Hereberto Salesburiensi Philippo Dunelmensi Rogero de sancto Andrea in Scotia Henrico de Landas Episcopis Roberto de Leicestre Richardo de Clare Willielmo de Tutesburie Hamelino de Warenne Willielmo de Salisbirie Willielmo de Striguil Walranno de Warewic Rogero Bigot Willielmo de Arundel Ranulfo de Cestre Comitibus Baronibus multis Hubertus Cantuariensis Archiepiscopus coronoavit et consecravit in regem Angliae prefatum Johannem ducem Normanniae in Ecclesia sancti Petri Apostoli Westminstriae sexto Calenâ— Iunii feria 5. die Ascensionis Domini Philippo Dunelmensi Episcopo appellante ne coronatio illa fieret in absentia Gaufridi Eboracensis Archiepiscopi totius Angliae Primatis Matthew Paris thus records the manner of his Coronation more fully CONGREGATIS ita que in adventu ejus Archiepiscopis Episcopis Comitibus et Baronibus atque aliis omnibus qui ejus coronationi interesse debuerant Archiepiscopus staus in medio omnium dixit Audite universi Noverit discretio vestra quod nullus praevia ratione alii succedere habet regnum nisi ab universitate Regni unanimiter invocata Spiritus gratia electus secundum morum suorum eminentiam praeelectus ad exemplum et similitudinem Saul primi Regis inuncti quem praeposuit Dominus populo suo non Regis filium nec de Regali stirpe procreatum Similiter post eum David Sem ei filium hunc quia strenuum et aptum dignitati regiae illum quia sanctum et humilem ut sic qui cunctos in regno supereminet strenuitate omnibus praesit et potestate et regimine Verum si quis ex stirpe Regis defuncti aliis praepolleret pronius et promptius in electionem ejus est consentiendum Haec idcirco diximus pro inclyto Comite Iohanne qui praesens est frater illustrissimi Regis nostri Richardi jam defuncti qui haerede caruit ab eo egrediente qui providus et strenuus manifeste nobilis qnem nos invocata Spiritus sanctigratia ratione tam meritorum quam sanguinis Regii unanimiter elegimus universi Erat autem Archiepiscopus vir prosundi pectoris et in regno singularis columna stabilicatis et sapientiae incomparabilis Nec ausi erant alii super his adhuc ambigere scientes quod sine causa hoc non sic diffiniverat Verum Comes Iohannes et omnes hoc acceptabanâ— ipsumque Comitem in Regem eligentes et assumentes exclamant dicentes Vivat rex Interrogatus autem postea Archiepiscopus Hubertus quare haec dixisset respondit se praesaga mente conjecturare et quibusdam oraculis edoctum certificatum fuisse quod ipse Johannes Regnum Coronam Angliae foret aliquando corrupturus in magnam confusionem precipitaturus Et ne haberet liberas habenas hoc faciendi ipsum electione non successione haereditaria eligi debere affirmabat Archiepiscopus autem imponens capiti ejus coronam unxit eum in regem apâ—d Westmor aâ—tâ—rium sc. in Ecclesia principis Apostolorum Dominicae ascensionis die sexto kalendas Junii Philippo Dunelmensi Episcopo appellante sed non obtinenâ—e ne coronatio illa fieret in absentia G. Archiepiscopi Eboracensis In hac coronatione Rex Iohannes triplici involutus est sacramento Quod videlicet sanctam Ecclesiam et ejus ordinatos diligeret et eam ab incursione malignantium indemnem conservaret et quod perversis legibus destructis bonas substitueret et rectam justitiam in regno Angliae exerceret Deinde adjuratus est ab eodem Archiepisc opo ex parte Dei et districte prohibitus ne honorem hunc accipere praesumeret nisi in mente habeat opere quod juraverat adimplere Ad hoc ille respondens promisit se per auxilium Dei bona fide ea quae juraverat servaturum In crastino autem homagiis et fidelitatibus acceptis beatum Albanum Protomartyrem Angliae orationis gratia devotus petivit Et sic brevissimam in Anglia moram faciens ea quae statuenda erant in regno cum consilio Magnatum rite peregit In the 2. year of d King Iohn Anno 1200. Hubâ—rt Archbishop of Canterbury and Chancellor of England Generale celebravit Concilium Londini apud Westmona sterium contra prohibitionem Gawfridi silii Petri Comitis Essex tunc temporis summi Iusticiarij Anglâ—ae In which many Laws and Canons were made touching Ecclesiastical persons and businesses recorded at large in Roger de Hoveden And in the same year the same Author writes the long suâ—e between William de Stutevil and William de Moubray touching the Barony of Moubray was compremised and ended by an agreement made between them CONSILIO REGNI VOLVNTATE REGIS In which Council of the Realm it is most probable Statuta quaedam Johannis Regis concerning the prises of Wine registred by Hoveden were made Sed hoc PRIMUM Regis STATUTUM vix inchoatum statim est adnihilatum quiae Mercatores hanc Assisam sustinere non poterunt data est eis licentia vendendi sextertium de vino albo pro octo denariis vini rubri pro sex denariis sic repleta est terra potu potatoribus The Writs of Summons
and Deans inâ—erposed between them most of which Priors and some of which Abbots were never after summoned to any other Parliaments nor yet these Deans in this manner The 2. is that of Clause 23 E. 1. m. 4. dorso and 24 E. 1. m. 7. dorso where the Abbots and Priors summoned to those 2. Parliaments are thus registred and distinguished by their several Orders in both these rolls alike and in no Summons else besides these though they are again all summoned and entred almost in this Order in Clauâ—e 28 E. 1. dors 17. and 3. and some Rolls in E. 2. Abbati de S. Edmundo Abbati de Waltham Abbati de Alnewik Abbati de Egleston Abbati de Sta. Agatha Abbati de Barlinge Abbati de Tupholme Abbati de Byley Abbati de la Dale Abbati de Newhus Abbati de Cokirsand Abbati de Croxton Abbati de Kirkested Abbati de S. Radegunda Abbati de Heppe Abbati de Furâ—eyes Abbati de Sallaye Abbati de Holmecoltram Abbati de Novo Monasterio Abbati de Iornall or Iereval Abbati de Fontibus Abbati de Bella Lauda Abbati de Melsa Abbati de Kirkestede Abbati de Rupe Abbati de Rughford Abbati de Valle Dei Abbati de Gerndon Abbati de Stanley in Ardern Abbati de Pippewell Abbati de Combe Abbati de S. Albano Abbati de Evesham Abbati de Tichefeld Abbati de Suleye Abbati de Lavendox Abbati de Torre Abbati de Wellebecks Abbati de Hales Abbati de Bello capite Magistro Militiae Templi in Anglia Priori Hospitalis Ioh. Ierus in Anglia Magistro Ordinis de Semplingham Abbati de Blanca Lauda Abbati de Basingwerk Abbati de Cumbermere Abbati de Crokesdenâ— Abbati de Valle Regali Abbati de Deulacresse Abbati de Mira Valle. Abbati de Stanlawe Abbati de Byldewas Abbati de Stanle in Wiltes Abbati de Swynesheued Abbati de Wardon Abbati de Boxle Abbati de Stratford Abbati de Tyletye Abbati de Binedon Abbati de Quarrera Abbati de Leteley Abbati de Dunkeswell Abbati de Bellâ— locâ— Regis Abbati de Strata florida Abbati de Flaxele Abbati de Tâ—ntâ—rnâ— Abbati de Kingâ—swode Abbati de Waverle Abbati de Revesbye Abbati de Parco Lude 16. That in the writs of Summons to Abbots and Priors the writs are very seldom recited at large to any of them unless in 27 E. 1. d. 9. and towards the latter end of the reign of King Edward the 3. where some writs to the first Abbot named in the lists of Summons are entred at large the rest only recited with an c. or not mentioned at all but only thus Eodem modo mandatum est c. or Consimiles Literae or Consimilia Brevia diriguntur Abbatibus et Prioribus subscriptis entred in the Roll with a Catalogue of their names subscribed under it 17. In antient times the first writ that is entred for the most part issued to the Abbot of S. Augustines in Canterbury in which Rolls there is no certain order observed in the Abbots and Priors names and summons sometimes the Abbot of S. Albans now and then the Abbot of Glastonbury sometimes some other Abbots are first named in the List of Summons and one name frequently praeponed then postponed after another as the Register was pleased to enter them in the Rolls But from 1 H. 4. to the end of King Ed. 4. the first writ entred is Abbati de Burgo Sancti Petri. As for the Priors they are for the most part registred after the Abbots now and then but rarely before the Abbots and frequently intermixed with them sometimes one Prior is placed before another in some Summons which was named last in other Lists few Lists agreeing in the order of their names unlesse that of 23 E. 1. d. 4. and 24 E. 1. d. 7. which exactly accord in all things from which that of 28 E. 1. d. 3. 17. doth somwhat vary in the order though not in the number of their names 18. That the absence of the Archbishops Bishops or other Great men from and noâ— coming to Parliaments anâ— Great Councilâ— when summoned did many times hinder the proceâ—dings in them and causâ— them to be prorogued or adjourned to the publike prejudice yet upon particular necâ—ssary occâ—sions for the kingdomes defence and â—afety their personal presence was dispensed wiâ—h and their Summons superseded wiâ—nesse this memorable writ to the Bishop of Durham Claus. 6 E. 2. m. 12. dorso Rex Venerabili in Christo Patri R. eadem gratia Dunolm Epâ—sâ—opo salutâ—m Liâ—â—t nuper Vobis mandaverâ—mus quod omnâ—bus aliis praetermissis essetis ad Nos tertia Dominica Quadragesimae prox fuâ—ur apud Westm ibidens Nobiscum â—t cum Praelatis â—t Proceribus Regni nostri super diversis negotiis Nos et Statum ejusdâ—m Regni nostri tangentibus tractaturi vest umque consilium impensurâ— Pre securitate tamen Custodiae et majâ—râ— tuitione partâ—um vestrarum contrâ— Scotos inimicos â—t Rebeâ—les nostros vobis man damuâ— quod à partibus praedictis vos nuâ—â—atenus â—â—anfâ—ratis sed Procuratorem vestrum suffloâ—â—nter instructum addictos diem et locum mittatis ad consent â—nd hiâ—s quâ— tunâ— ibâ—dem per Nos â—t dictos Prâ—latos â—t Procâ—reâ—â—â—nâ—â—geris ordinari Teste Rege apud Westm 20 diâ— Feb. Eodem modo mandatum est Episcopo Karliol T. ut supra And this other observable writ of Supersedeas to the Bishops of Durham and Karliol with other Lords and Great men summoned to Parliâ—mâ—nt thus recorded in Claus. 12 R. 2. m. 42. dorso 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 Vobis mandamus quod propâ—â—r râ—sisteâ—tiam inimicorum nostrorum prâ—dictorum meliori et fortiori modâ— quo poteritis in propriis partibus vestris aut alibi ubi in hac parte meliusâ— videritis expedire expectetis mandato nostro non obstante Ita quod semper dilâ—ctis et fidelibus Henr. de Percy Comiti Northum Johanni ae Nevil de Raby quos ad supervidend et gubernand Marchias Scotiae assignavimus obedientes intendentes sitis et auxiliantes quotâ—â—ns et qâ—ando per ipsos seu â—orum alterum fueritis rationabiliter praemuniti Teste Rege apud Northampton 20 die Augusti Per ipsum Regem et Consilium Consimilia Brevia diriguntur subscriptis sub eadem data viz. Th. Episcopo Karliol Rogero de Clifford Johanni de Roos de Hamlake Rado Baroni de Graystock Philippo Darcy Henr. Fitz Hugh Willielmo de Dacre Consimilia Brevia diriguntur Henr. de Percy Comiti Northumb. Iohanni de Nevill de Raby excepto ultimo Clauso Ita semper Of which see more in my Observations on the next Section and here p. 51 52. 19. That some writs to particular Bishops varied in certain special clauses now and then from those issued to other Bishops at the self same time upon special occasions and in the form of the Praemunientes c. 20. That as there are some single writs of Summons to Bishops or Archbishops entred in
to the Earl of Flanders though not particularly expressed in the precedent writs Rex Comiti Flandriae salutem Quiae Magnates nostri NOBIS ALIQUANDIU REBELLES EXTITERINI propter quod nisi citius resipiscant aliud consilium Nos opponere oportebit dilectionem vestram requirimus et rogamus quatinus taliter vobis providere velitis quod ad Nos centum Milites et tot servientes ad arma bene munitos Nobis miâ—tere possitis Taliter vos habentes in hac parte quod specialiter vobis teneamur ad gratias Teste Rege apud Windesor 22 die Augusti In 47 H. 3. there issued these ensuing writs to sundry Noblemen and others to aid the King against the Welshmen then in rebellion against him to suppress their Rebellion and reduce them to obedience Rex Rogeto de Bigot Comiti Norâ—â— Mariscallo Angliae salutem Mandamus vobis sub debito fidelitatis et homagii quibus Nobis teneminiâ— et sicut ea quae de nâ—bis tâ—nâ—tis diligitis quod in festo beati Petri ad Vincula prox futur sitis apud Wigorn. CUM EQVIS ARMIS et cum servitio vestro Nobis debito parati exinde Nobiscum proficisci in expeditionem nostram contra Lewellinum filium Griffini et complices suos REBELLES NOSTROS et ita decenter in hac necessitate nostra ibidem vâ—niatis ut dictorum NOSTRORUM REBELLIVM versutia adeò potenter reprimatur quod Nobis et Vobis cedat ad honorem et exinde vobis ad grates teneamur speciales Teste Rege apud Westm. 25. die Maii. Eodem modo mandaium est to 133. Nobles and others whose names are there recorded The like writs of Summons against the Scots Welsh French and other Enemies and Rebels frequently occurre in the Clause Rolls of King Iohn Henry 3. and Edward 1 2 3. Rich. 2. and other Kings which have no Analogy with writs of Summons to Parliaments or Great Councils wherewith some Ignorant Antiquaries would conjoyn them as Homogeneal which I thought â—it to premise to avoid all mistakes of this kinde It is evident by this Clause in the writs iâ—â—ued to the Bishops Claus. An. 6. Iohannis Regis m. 3. dorso â—orecited p. 2 3. vestrum expedit habere consilium et ALIORUM MAGNATUM terrae nostrae QUOS AD DIEM ILLVM ET LOCUM FECIMVS CONVOCARI that King Iohn issued forth writs of Summons to the Temporal as well as Spiritual Lords to summon them to the Parliamentary Council then held at London though neither the form of the writs by which they were then summoned nor any list of their names be entred in that or any other Roll now extant And by this Clause in the writ of Summons to the Archbishop of York Claus. 26 H. 3. m. 13. dorso ad tractandum Nobiscum una cum CAETERIS MAGNATIBUS NOSTRIS QUOS SIMILITER FECIMUS CONVOCARI it is most apparent that the Temporal Lords and great men were likewise called to the Parliamentary Great Council then assembled at London by writ though there be no entry of those writs nor catalogue of their names in that or any other Rolls to be found but only the single writ to one Archbishop All the antientest writs of Summons of our Temporal Lords to Great Councils being utterly lost through negligence or perished through the rust or consumption of time the very first writ of Summons to them and Kalendar of their names now remaining is that of 49 H. 3. dors 11. Cedula already recited at large p. 5 6. one and the self-same form of writ verbatim being then directed both to the Temporal and Spiritual Lords though they usually differed in after times in some special clauses After the Eodem modo mandatum est and Catalogue of the Bishops â—bbots Priors Deans and Ecclesiastical persons names then summoned to that Parliamentary Council by the self-same writs there followed this list of the Temporal Lords and Barons Item in forma praedicta mandatum est COMITIBUS et aliis subscriptis dat de Wodestok Comiti Leicestr Comiti Gloucestr Com. Norff Mariscallo Angliae Comiti Oxon. Comiti Dâ—rby Radulpho Cameys Rogero de Sancto Iohanne Hugoni le Despencer Justic. Angliae Iohanni Filio Iohannis Willo de Munchensey Nicho. de Segrave Iohi de Vescy Rado Basset de Drayton Henr. de Hasting Galfrido de Lucy Roberto de Ros. Iohanni de Eyvil Ade de Novo-Mercato Waltero de Colevyll Willielmo Maryun Rogero Bertram Rado Basset de Sapcote Gilberto de Gaunt This Parliamentary Council was summoned soon after the great bloudy battel at Evesham wherein the Barons who opposed K. Henry were totally routed Simon de Montford their General and many others of of them slain in the field and the rest scattered to settle the peace and tranquillity of the Realm as the writ informs us the most of the Barons and Great men upon on this occasion being omitted out of the Summons though many more Abbots Priors and Clergymen were summoned to it than to any other succeeding Parliament whatsoever to supply the places of the Barons then in actual rebellion and give the greater reputation to this Assembly as I apprehâ—nd The 2. writ of summons to the Earls and Temporal Lords is this of Claus. 23 E. 1. m. 9. dorso which I shall transcribe at large though entred with an c. in the Roll with reference to the Bishops writs ut supra Rex dilecto et fideli suo Edmundo fratri suo Com. Lanc. salutem Quia super quibusdam arduis negotiis Nos et Regnum nostrum ac Vos caeterosque Procetes et Magnates de eodem regno quae sine vestra et â—orum praesentia nolumus expediri Parliamentum nostrum tenere et vobiscum super hiis colloquium habere volumus et tractatum Vobis mandamus in fide et homagio quibus Nobis tenemini firmiter injungentes quod sitis ad Nos apud Westm. primo die mensis Augusti prox futuro vel saltem infra tercium diem subsequentem ad ultimum nobiscum super dictis negotiis tractaturi et vestrum consilium impensuri Et hoc nullo modo omittatis Teste me ipso apud Album Monasterium 24 die Iulii Per Breve de Privato Sigillo Eodem modo mandatum est singillatim per Brevia Clausa Comitibus Baronibus subscriptis viz. 12 Earls and 53 Barons and Great men of the Temporalty whose names because tedious to repeat after every writ I shall present you with in a short Table in the Observations for brevity sake The 3. writ is that recorded in Clause Anno 23 E. 1. m. 3. dorso Rex dilecto Consanguineo et fideli suo Edmundo Comiti Cornub. salutem Quia super remediis contra pericula quae toto Regno nostro hiis diebus imminent providendis Vobiscum et cum caeteris Regni nostri Proceribus habere volumus Colloquium et Tractatum Vobis mandamus in fide et dilectione
Earls 34 Lords and Great men Cl. 12 R. 2. d. 42. to him Cons. Lit. to 1 Duke 9 Earls 42 Lords and Great men Cl. 13 R. 2. d. 5. the first writ entred is Iohanni Duce Lancastr Cons. Lit. to a Dukes 9 Earls 46 Lords and Grandees Claus. 14 R. 2. d. 42. the first writ is to the same Duke Cons. Lit. to 2 Dukes 10 Earls 4â— Lords and Great men Cl. 15 R. 2. d. 37. the first writ entred is Iohanni Duci Aquitaniae et Lancastriae c. Cons. Lit. to 2 Dukes 10 Earls 41 Lords and Grandees Cl. 16 R. 2. d. 23. the writ is to him Cons. Lit. to 2 Dukes 10 Earls 42 Lords and Great men Cl. 17 R. 2. d. 30. to him Cons. Lit. to 2 Dukes 11 Earls 40 Lords and Grandees Cl. 18 R. 2 d. 23. the first writ entred is Hen. Com. Darbiâ— Cons. Lit. to 6 Earls 29 Lords and Great men Cl. 20 R. 2. pars 1. dors 15. the first writ issued Carissimo Avunculo suo Iohanni Duci Aquitaniae Lancastriae Cons. Lit. to 2 Dukes 11 Earls 38 Lords and Great men Cl. 21 R. 2. parte 1. d. 27. the writ entred is to him Conâ—im Lit. to 3 Dukes 1 Marquess 6 Earls 33 Lords and Great men Cl. 23 R. 2. dors 3. the writ entred issued Henrico Duci Lancast. c. Cons. Lit. to 4 Dukes one Marquess 10 Earls 34 Lords and Great men The writs of Summons to the Temporal Lords all the reign of Henry the 4th are entred next after those to the Spiritual Lords having the same recitals and dates with them forecited in the 1. Section Of which take this ensuing short account Cl. â— H. 4. dorso 37. the writ entred issued Henrico Duci Lancastriae Cons. Lit. to 4 Dukes 1 Marquess 10 Earls 34 Lords and Nobles Cl. 1 H. 4. d. Claus. 2 H. 4. parte 1. d. 3. the first writ entred is Carissimo filio suo Henricâ— Principi Walliae et Duci Cornubiae c. 1 Duke 10 Earls 35 Lords and Great men Cl. 3 H. 4 d. 17. the like writ to the Prince of Wales 1 Duke 8 Earls 32 Lords and Grandees Cl. 5 H. 4. part 1. d. 28. parte 2. d. 4. the first writ issued to the same Prâ—nce Cons. Lit. to 1. Duke 7 Earls 3â— Lords and Great men Cl. 7 H. 4. d. 30. tâ— the Prince 1 Duke 7 Earls 33 Lords Barons and Great men Cl. 8 H. 4. d. 2. the like writ to the Prince 1 Duke 8 Earls 33 Lords and Grandees Cl. 9. 11 H. 4. d. 32. the writ entred issued to the Prince of Wales Cons. Lit. to 1 Duke 8 Eaâ—ls 32 Lords and Great men Cl. 13. H. 4. d. 2. the writ is to the Prince of Walâ—s 1 Duke 6 Earls 32 Lords and Great Persons Cl. 14 H. 4. dors 22. the writ issued to Henry Prince of Wales 5 Earls 35 Lords and Great men The writs of Summâ—ns under King Henry the 5th to the Temporal Lords have the self-â—ame recitals Prologues dates with those to the Archbishops and other Prelates forecited Section 1. The first writ entred Cl. 1 H. 5. dorse 9. issued Carissimo fratri Regis Thomae Duci Clarentiae Cons. Lit. to 1 Duke 9 Earls 29 Lords and Grandees Cl. 1 H. 5. d. 37. the writ entred issued Edwardâ— Courteney Com. Devon 6 Earls 32 Lords and Nobles Cl. 2 H. 5. d. 16. the writ recorded at large is directed Thomae Duci Clarentiae Com. Albemarliae Cons. Lit. to 3 Dukes 11 Earls 28 Lords and Great men Cl. 3 H 5. d. 15. the first writ entred issued Radulpho Com. Westmerland 1 Earl 17 Lords and Great men Cl. 4 H. 5. d. 16. the writ recorded is directed Carissimo fratri suo Thomae Duci Clarentiae c. Cons. Lit. to 2 Dukes 10 Earls 24 Lords and Great men Cl. 5 H. 5. d. 11. the writ registred is directed Carissimo Avunculo suo Thomae Duci Exon. Cons. Lit. to 3. Earls 14 Lords and Great men 7 H. 5. d. 9. the writ recorded is Carissimo Avunoulo suo Henrico Percy Com. Northumb. Cons. Lit. to 2 Earls 13 Lords and Great men Cl. 8. H. 5. d. 2. the writ entred issued Carissimo fratri suo Johanni Duci Bedford c. Cons. Lit. to 1 Duke 6 Earls 20 Lords and Great men Cl. 9 H. 5. d. 13. the writ registred issued Carissimo Consanguineâ— suo Henrico de Percy Com. Northumb 2 Earls and but 13 Lords and Great men All the writs to the temporal Lords during the reign of Henry the 6. are the same in the Prefaces and dates with those to the Bishops and Spiritual Lords and entred after them being thus directed Cl. 1 H. 6. dors 22. Carissimo Avunoulo suo Humfrido Duci Gloucestriae Cons. lit to 1 Duke 5 Earls 16 Lords and Great men Cl. 2 H. 6. d. 18. Humfrido Duci Gloucestr 1 1 Duke 5 Earls 15 Lords and Grandees Cl. 3 H 6. d. 9. Carissimo Avunculâ— suo Thomae Duci Exon. 1 Duke 6 Earls 22 Lordâ— and Grandees Cl. 4 H. 6. d. 15. Carissimo Avunculo suo Johaâ—ni Duci Bedfordiae to 3 Dukes more 2 Elarls 23 Lords and Great men Cl. 5 H. 6. d. 4. Carissimo Aâ—â—nculo suâ— Humfrido Duci Gloucestriae 1 Duke more 4 Earls 22 Lords and Great men Cl. 7 H. 6. d. 2 Humfrido Duci Gloucestr 1 Duke besides 7 Earls 26 Lords and Grandees Cl. 9 H. 6. 18. Humfrido Duci Gloucestr 5 Earls 21 Lords and Great men Cl. 10 H. 6. d. 10. Humfrido Duci Gloucestriae 1 Duke 6 Earls 25 Lords aâ—d Grandees Cl 11 H. 6. d. 10. Johanni Duci Bedfordiae 2 Dukes more 6 Earls 26 Lords and Great men Cl. 13 H. 6. d. 2. Caris Avunculo suo Johanni Duci Bedfordiae 2 other Dukes 8 Earls 26 Lords and Great men Cl. 15 H. 6. d. 18. Humfrido Duci Gloucestriae 1 Duke more 7 Earls 27 Lords and Great men Cl. 18 H. 6. d. 33. Humfrido Duci Gloucestriae 2 other Dukes 6 Earls 26 Lords and Great men Cl. 20 H. 6. d. 27. Humfrido Duci Gloucestriae 2 Dukes more 11 Earls 28 Lords and Great men Cl. 23 H. 6. d. 2 Humfrido Duci Gloucestriae 4 Dukes besides 2 Marquesses 7 Earles 1 Vicount 30 Lords and Noblemen Cl. 25 H. 6. d. 24. 26. Humfrido Duci Gloucestriae 4 other Dukes 2 Marquesses 7 Earls â— Vicount 32 Lords and Great men Cl. 27 H. 6. d. 24. Ricardo Duci Ebor. 3 other Dukes 6 Earls 1 Vicount 39 Lords and Great men Cl. 28 H. 6. d. 26. Willielmo Duci Suffolciae 3 Dukes more 7 Earles 1 Vicount 35 Lords and Great men Cl. 29 H. 6. dors 41. Ricardo Duci Eborum 4 Dukes more 9 Earls 1 Vicount 40 Lords and Great men Cl. 31 H. 6. d. 36. Edwardo Duci Eborum 4 Dukes besides 12 Earls 3 Vicounts 36 Lords and Great men Cl. 33 H. 6. d. 36. Ricardo Duci Eborum 3 Dukes more 11 Earls 2 Vicounts
35 Lordâ— and Great men Cl. 38 H. 6. d. 30. Henrico Duci Exoniae 2 other Dukes 9 Earls 2 Vicounts 35 Lords and Great men Cl. 49 H. 6. d. 6. Carissimo consanguineo suo Georgio Duci Clarenâ—iae 3 Dukes more 7 Earls 1 Marquess 23 Lords and Great men The writs of Summons to Parliament issued by King Edward the 4th to the Temporal Lords agree in Prologues forms and dates except in the Praemunientes c. â— with those to the Archbishops and Spiriâ—ual Lords in the 1. Section and are thus directed Cl. 1 E. 4. d. 35. Johanni Duci Norfolciae 4 Earl 1 Vicount 31 Lords and Great men Cl. 2 E. 4. d. 3. Dilâ—cto fideli suo Ricardo Comiâ—i Wâ—rwici 4 Earâ— 37 Lords and Great men C. 6. E. 4. d. 1. Carâ—ssimo Fratri suo Geoâ—gio Duci Clarenâ—iae 2 Dukes more 10 Earls 1 Marquess 36 Lords and Great men Cl. 9 E. 4. d. 3. Carissimo fratri suo Georgio Duci Clarentiae 9 other Dukes 8 Earls 23 Lords and Great men Cl. 11 E. 4. d. 41 Carâ—ssimo fratri suo Georgio Duci Clarentiae 3 Dukes more 8 Earls 25 Lords and Great men Cl. 22 23 E. 4. d. 10. Primogenitoâ—dwardo â—dwardo Principi Walliae 4 Dâ—kes more 1 Marqueâ—e 7 Earls 32 Lords Having presented you with this Breviate of all the generall writs of Summons to Parliaments and Great Councils issued to the Temporal Lords from 49 H. 3. to 23 E. 4. I shall now give you a view of some extraordinary special writs to some Temporal Lords and others reducible to and proper for this Section I shall begin within this Memorable writ to Roger de Mortymer Claus 9 E 2 m. 20 dorso Rex dilecto et fideli suo Rogero de Mortuo-Mare de Wygmore salutem Cum vos tempore quo Parliamentum nostrum usque Lincoln in Quindâ—na Sancti Hillarie proxâ— futur summoneri fecimus in partibus Hiberniae fuissetis per quod Nos vobis non 〈◊〉 simus ad interessendum dicto Parliamento ac vos a dictis parâ—ibus Hiberniae usque regnum nostrum jam ut accepimus accessistis ideo vobis mandamus in fide et homagio quibus nobis tenemini firmiter injungentes quod si ad dictas partes Hibeâ—niae citra dictum Parliamentum non essetis regressuri tunc eidem Parliamento nostro dictis die et loco modis omnibus personaliter intersitiâ— super negotiis Nos et statum Regni nostri rangâ—ntibus pro quibus Parliamentum nostrum mandavimus convoâ—ari Nobiscum et cum Magnatibus et Proceribus regni nostri tractaturi vestrumque consilium impensuri Et hoc nullo modo omittatis T. Rege apud Clipston 17 die Januarii This Roger de Mortymer a Baron of this Realm as is evident by former Summons to him being absent in Ireland when the writs of Summons to this Parliament first issued was thereupon left out of the original writs and Lists of Summons but the King being informed that he was returned into England thereupon sent this special writ of Summons to him bearing date the 17 of Ianuary full 3. moneths after the first writs of Summons dated the 16 of October before entred in another dorse apart from the other writs His absence in Ireland yea and return thither about the publike affairs after this writ issued before this Parliament sat in the Kings and his Counsils opinions being a sufficient ground to excuse his absence from Parliament and to send no writ of Summons to him into Ireland And if English Peers absence or residence in Ireland be a just legal ground to exempt them from summons to a Parliament held in England much more then must Irish Peers and Lords who are no Lords or Barons at all in England be totally exempted from all writs of Summons to the Parliaments of England both in respect of their remoteness from England of the great charge and danger in crossing the Seas to repair to them and because they are obliged neither by their tenures nor Patents to resort to any English Parliaments but only to the Parliaments held in Ireland where only they are Peers and Lords of Parliament and because they cannot attend in two places at once if a Parliament should be summoned in England and Ireland on or near the self-same time Of which more hereafter in its proper place The next writ of this kinde I shall communicate to you is this I meet with Claus. Ann. 35 E. 3. m. 36. dorso Rex dilecto et fideli suo Humfrido dâ— Bohun Comiti Northampton salutem Qâ—ia terra nostra Hiberniae per molestationes a diu Hibernicorum inimicorum nostrorum et incursus propter impotentiam fideliuÌ„ nostroruÌ„ habitantium in eodem regno et pro eo quod Magnates et alii de regno nostro Angliae terras in ea habentes commodum dictarum terrarum suarum ab eadem terra capiunt et defensionem aliquam non faciunt jam tantae vasticatis et destructionis miseriae subjicicur quod nisi Deus avertaâ— et celerius succurratur eidem ad totalem perditionem in prox deducetur per quod pro salvatione ejusdem ordinavimus quod Leonellus Comes Vlton filius noster carissimus cum ingenti exercitu ad terram praedictam cum omni festinatione transmittaâ—ur et quod omnes Magnates et alii de dicto regno nostro terras in dicta terra Hiborniae habentes quâ—nto potentius poterunt in Comitiva dicti filii nostri proficiscentur vel si debiles in corpore existant 〈◊〉 alios sufficientes ibidem mittant pro repulsion â—â—â—â—â—orum inimicorum et salvatione et defensione terrarum suarum et succursu terrae supradictae Et pro dicto negotio accelerando volumus vobiscum et cum aliis de eodem regno terras in dicta terra habentibus Colloquium habere et tractatum Vobis in fide et ligeantia quibus Nobis renemini firmiter injungentes mandamus quod omnibus aliis intermissis sitis personaliter apud Westâ— in Quindena Pasch. prox futur adloquendum Nobiscum et Consilio nostro super dictis Negotiis eâ— illud concernentibus et ad faciend et consentiend super hoc quod ibidem contigerit ordinari Et interim vos et homines vestros quanto potencius et decentius poteritis ad arma paretis Ita quod in vestri defectum progressus dicti filii nostri et exercitus sui non retardetur nec dicta terra amissionis periculo non subjaceat 〈◊〉 causa Et hoc sicut Nos et honorem nostrum ac salvationem et desensionem terrae praedictae diligitis nuâ—â—aâ—enus omitâ—atis Et habeaâ— is ibi hoc breve Teste Rege apâ—d Wesâ—m 15 die Martii Per ipsum Râ—gem et Coâ—siliâ—m Consimilia Brevia dirigâ—â—â—â— subscriptis de effeâ—do coram Rege et Consilio suo ad dies subscriptos viz Rado Com. Staff Thomae Com. Oxen. David de Strabolgi
Council held in August Anno â—107 Vt nullus ad Praelattonem electus PRO HOMAGIO QUOD REGI FACERET consecratione suscepti honoris privaâ—etur Which Law and usage continued under King Henry the second as is evident by this passage of Glanvil l. 9. c. 1. who writ and was chief Justice under him Electi vero in Episcopos ante consecrationem HOMAGIA SVA FACERE SOLENT What solemn publike Oathes of Allegiance and Fidelity Bishops and other Clergymen as well as the Temporal Lords Commons have heretofore and of late years made to our Kings and their heirs you may read at leasure in the Exact Abridgement of the Records in the Tower p. 427 657 663 25 H. 8. c. 20. 22. 26 H. 8. c. 7. 10. 35 H. 8. c. 1. 1 Eliz. c. 2 3. 5 Eliz. c. 1. 3 Jac. c. 3. 5. 7. Jac. c. 6. I shall only present you with one more thus recorded in the Clause Roll of 11 E. 4. m. 1. dorso Memorand quod tertio die Iulii Anno regni Regis Edwardi Quarti undecimo apud Westm. in Camera Parliamenti Venerabilis Pater Thomas Cardinalis Archiepiscopius Cantuar ac alii Domini Spirituales et Temporales ac etiam quidam Milites quorum nomina subscribuntur fecerunt Recognitionem Iuramentumque praestiterunt Edwardo primogenito dicti Domini nostri Regis Edwardi Quarti illustri Principi Walliae Duci Cornub Comiti Cestriae in forma sequenti ad corroborationem praemissâ—rum singuli corum manibus propries scripserunt sua Nomina I Thomas Cardinal Archbishop of Canterbury knowledge take and repute you Edward Prince of Wallys Duke of Cornwall and Earl of Chester first begotten soâ— of our Soveraign Lord Edward the fourth King of England and of France and Lord of Ireland to be very and undoubted heir to our said Soveraign Lord as to the Crowns of England and France and Lordship of Irâ—land and promiâ—â—e and swear that in case hereafter it happen you by Gods disposition to overlive our said Soveraign Lord I shall then bear and in all things truly and faithfully behave me towards you and your â—heirs as a true and 〈…〉 Subject ought to behave 〈◊〉 to his Soveraign Lord and right wyâ— King of England c. So help me God and holy domes and the Evangelists T. 〈…〉 G. 〈◊〉 T. London Episc. Heâ—r Dunâ—lm W. Episc. Winton G. Clâ—rence R. Gloucester Norff. H. Buckyngham I. â—uff Arundell H. Essex E. Kent Riveriâ—rs I. Wiltshire W. 〈◊〉 Prior Hospâ—t S Iohannis E. Arundall Mautravers A. Gray I. Fenis R. Eâ—â—sc Sarum W. 〈…〉 T. 〈◊〉 R. Bathonien E. Carliol R. Beauchamp Sir Robâ—rt Fenys Bourgchier T. Bourchier W. Par. I. Dudley I. Audley Dacâ—e Edwâ—â—do Bergaveny I. Sâ—trange I. Scrop W. Ferrers Berners Hastingâ— Mouâ—tjoy Dynham Howard Duras I. Pilkâ—ngton W. Beaâ—don W. Courtenay T. Mullineux Raulf Ashtoâ— The first who brought Homage into England for ought I can finde was William the Conqueror and his Normansâ— who equally imposed it on all Bishops Abboâ—s and Clergymensas well as on the Laity in the self-same words and form for ought appears How Bishops Abbots came to be exempred from doing homage for their Temporalties to our Kings after their consecraâ—â—ons I have already touched shall here further declare for the informaâ—ion of those of my own profession Abbot Ingulphâ—s records 〈◊〉 mulcis armis retroactis even from King Eâ—hâ—lâ—eds reigâ— â—ulla electio Praelatorum erat merè iâ—era â—â—canonica â—ed omnes divnitaâ—es tam Episcoporum quam Abbatum per Annulum et Baculnm Regis curia pro sna complacentia conferebat his 〈…〉 King William the Conquerot who first bâ—ought the word and service of HOMAGE out of Normandy into England and at his Coronation at Loâ—don Ann. 1067. HOMAGIIS à Magnatibus as well of the Clergy as Laity acceptis cum FIDELITATIS JURAMENTO obsidibusque acceptis in regno confirmatus omnibus qui ad regnum aspiraverant factus est terrori as Matthew Paris p. 4. and Matthew Westminster p. 1. relate Ann. 1072. He received homage from the King of Scots And Anno 1079 He entred Wales with a numerous Army subdued it et a Regnlis 〈◊〉 ditionis HOMAGIA FIDELITATES ACCEPâ—T Anno 1083. Cepit HOMAGIA Ordinum totius Angliae et JURAMENTUM FIDELITATIS cujusâ—unque essent â—endi â—el senementiâ— And apud Londonias HOMINIUM SIBI FACERE et contra omnes homines FIDELITATEM JURARE OMNEM ANGLIAE INCOLAM IMPERANS therefore Bishops Abbots and Clocks as well as Laymen totam terram descripsit c. as Ingulphus informs us flourishing in that age The Pope being much offended that Kings should thus conferre Bishopricks Abbies and other Ecclesiastical dignities Per Annulum et Baculum and that Bishops and Abbots should thus doe Homage and Feâ—lty to them and become their men as well as Lâ—ickâ— as being a grand impediment to their Supreme Authority over Emperors Kings and Princes of the earth strenuoâ—sly attempted by Pope Hilâ— lebrand thereupon Pope Urban the 2d Anâ—s 1095. in a Council held at Claremount ordained Ut Episcopi vel Abbates vel aliquis de Clero aliquam Ecclesiasticam dignitatem de manu Principum vel quorumliber Laicorum non recipiant And this not prevailing in another Council held by this Pope at Rome Anno 1099. Urbanus Papa excommunicavit omnes Laicos investituras Eccleâ—arum dantes et omnes easdem investituras de manibâ—s Laicorum accipientes necnon omnes in officium sic dati honoris consecrantes Excommunicavit etiam eos qui pro Ecclesiasticis Honoribus LAICORUM HOMINES FIUNT id est HOMAGIUM INEUNT as learned Sir Hen. Spelman truly expounds it Dicens minus execrabile videri ut manus quae in tantam eminentiam excreâ—erant ut quod nulli Angelorum concessumâ—est ut Deum cuncta creantem suo signaculo CREANT mark the blasphemy and contradiction et eundem ipsum pro salute totius mundi Dei Patris obtutibus offerant in hanc ignaviam vel stulâ—itiam detrudantur ut ancillae fiant eorum manuum quae diebus et noctibus obscenis contactibus inquinantur sive rapinis et injustae sanguinis effusione addictae maculantur Et ab omnibus est clamatum fiat fiat et in his consummatum est conciâ—ium Hereupon Anselm Archbishop of Canterbury a Burgundian by birth and great Creature of the Popes peremptorily refused to consecrate any Bishops who received their Investiâ—ures per annulum baculum from the King or to have any communion with those who were thus invested and consecrated by the Archbishop of Yorke in his absence denying to do any homage or fealty to King Henry the 1. after his revocation by him from his exile under Will. Rufus without the Popes license affirming Volente DEO NVLLIVS MORTALIS HOMOFIAM nec per Sacramenâ—uÌ„ alicui FIDEM PROMITTAM Hereupon Rex Regnique Proceres Episcopi et cujuscunque generis aulici
mercenary Guards and Soldiers for their defence hath been unexpectedly affronted assaulted forced dissipated yea destroyed by them and made their basest Slaves and Captives may learn to avoid all such extravagances and oversights in succeeding ages 22. It is observable and most evident by comparing the births of our Princes of Wales and Earls of Chester recorded in our Histories wiâ—h the dates of their first wâ—its of Summons to Parliamâ—ntâ— that Edward of Carnarvan the first Prince of Wales was first summoned by writ to Parliament when he was but 19. years old that Edward the eldest Son of King Edward the second as Earl of ChesteÌ„r was first summoned by writ to Parliament when he was scarce 9. years of age that Edward the black Prince of Wales was summoned when he was not 20. and Richard his Son Prince of Wales called by writ to Parliament when he was not full 9. years old The Kings eldest and youngest â—ons being usually summoned to Parliaments during their Minorities though others are seldom summoned till their full age even as King Henry the 6. rode triumphantly to and sate in State in Parliament in his Queen-mothers lap before he was full 12. months old 23. I observe that in Claus. 27 E. 1. d. 6. 16. Adomarus de Valencia was summoned and listed among the Earls without the Title of Earl annexed to his name being then as I conceive Earl of Pâ—mbroc and so stiled in succeeding Summons And in Claus. 50 E. 3. pars 2. d. 6. Thomas de Wodestoke Constabularius Angliae and Henry de Percy Marescallus Angliae are listed amongst the Earls without any Title of Earls yet in the next writ of Summons Claus. 1. R. 2. d. 31. 37. Thomas de Wodestoke is stiled Com de Buck et Constab. Angliae and Henry de Percy Com. Northumb. in the list of the Earls and therefore I apprehend they were Earls in 50 E. 3. as our Histories Heraulds report them though not so stiled â—n-the Roll of Summons 24. That the names of the Kings Counsil Justices and other Officers â—ummoned to Parliaments only as Assistants are sometimes inserted into the Eodem modo mandatum est and Confimiles literae next after the the Lords and Barons name without any space line or distinction between them sometimes with a lines distance or small space only from them sometimes they are distinguished from the Lords and Barons by the words Milites or Clâ—ricis Consilii Iâ—stâ—â—iar added in the Margin and a small space between them as in Claus. 5 E. 2. d. 17. Cl. 2 E. 1. and sometimes they are inâ—exmixed with the Lords and Barons names and listed amongst themâ— as in Claus. 8 E. 2. d. 35. Roger de Brabazon and 7 others of them areâ— named amongsâ—â—th Lords and Barons and so in Claus. 3 E. 3. d. 19. Claus. â— E. 3. p. 2. d. 7. In the Clause Roll of 25 E. 1. d. 25. the word Milites is inserted in the Margin over aâ—ainst the Names of the Judges and Kings Counsil in the Eodem modo and in Claus. 5 E. 2. d. 17. Clericis consilii Iusticiar is written in the Margin to distinguish them from the Lords and Barons but in no Rolls besides without the word Barones superadded to the Barons and Greatmen in the catalogue of their names 24. That although the word BARO and BARONES in the Clause Rolls of King Iohn Henry the 3dâ— Edward 1. 2. Histories Great Charters and Statutes in their reigns be frequently used applied to all the Temporal Lords of Parliament yet in all the Clause Rolls and Writs of Summons I have seen no particular persons amongst them are summoned by the Title of Barons but only the Barons of Greystok Graystoke or Craystoke and the Barons of Stafford In the Clause Rolls of Ed. 1 3 so of Rich. 2. H. 4. 5. and 6. writs are frequently issued Iohanni BARONI de Greystoke Willo BARONI de Greystoke Rado BARONI de Greystoke as they are sâ—iled in the Eodem modo yet in other writs lists rolls in the Eodem modo the direction to these very Barons is many times Iohanni de Craystoke or Greystoke Willo Rado de Greystoke without the addition of BARONI annexed to them which Title is totally omitted in all the Roâ—â—s of Edw. the 4th as the ensuing Alphabetical and Chronological Table with my Table to the Exact Abridgement of the Records in the Tower will more particularly inform you So in the Rolls of King E. 1. 3. mentioned in the following Table the directions in sundry writs in the â—odâ—m modo are Edmundo Rado BARONI de Stafford and in other writs to the one of them he is stiled only Rado de Stafford BARONI being omitted in his Title BARO being given â—o none for ought I can find in any lists of summons but to these 2. Barons of Greystoke and Stafford alone 25. That in my best observation â— the Title or Addition of MILES or CHIVALER was not given to any Temporal Lords or Barons in any writs or lists of Summons to Parliament before Claus. 49 E. 3. dorse 4. 6. 50 E. 3. pars 2. d. 6. wherein summons issued Willielmo le Morle Chivaler Willielmo de Aldeburgh Chivaler Iohanni de Well Chivaler Hugoni de Dacre Chivaler after which it grew more common under King Rich. the 2. Henry 4. and 5. when many of the Temporal Lords and Baâ—ons had this addition given them sooner or later those who wanted it in one two three four or more writs of Summons at first before they were Knighted receiving it in subsequent writs after they were Knighted After the beginning of King Henry the 6. and during the reign of Edw. the 4th there was scarce any Temporal Lord in the lists of summons but was stiled Chivaler or Miles being all genetally Knighted for their greater honour Of all the Temporal Lords I find onely one namely Tho. de la Ware constantly stiled MAGISTER Tho. de la Ware in all writs of summons to him from 23 R. 2. â—05 H. 6. as the enâ—uing Table will inform you the true and only reason whereof I apprehend to be this that before the temporal Dignity of a Lord or Baron descended to him he had been a Clergyman in sacred Orders this Title Magister being alwayes prefixed before the Names of all of the Kings Council who were Clergy-men in their summons to Parliament as Assistaâ—ts to the Lords House as the writs and Table in the next Section will inform youâ— not to distinguish him from the Lords who were Knights as some mistake because none of the other Lords who were not Knights had this Title Magister given to them but he alone Now whereas in the summons of 1 E. 4. Iohn de Audley is stiled Armiger I conceive it mistaken by the Clerks for Chlr. he being ever â—â—iled Chivaler not Armiger in the summons of 49 H. 6. d. 6. 2 E. 4. d. 3. 6 E. 4.
d. 1. and all other summons else and not one Baron or Lord Armiger but he alone though unknighted Armiger being a petty inferior Title not suitable to his Lordship or Pâ—erage 26. That the Prince of Wales Dukes Earls and Marquesses are regularly stiled by their Christian names and Titles or Places of their Dignities and very rarely yet now and then by their Sirnames but the â—emporal Lords and Barons till the end of King Rich. the 2. his reign in the writs of summons directed to them are for the most part stiled by their Christian names and Surnames or by their Baronies supplying Surnamesâ— and sometimes both by their Surnames and Baronies That the Tiâ—le DOMINUS was not usually given to any of them except two before the reign of King Henry the 6. The first in my observation to whom this â—itle was given in any writ of summons was Iohn de Moubray who in Claus. 16 E. 3. par 2. d. 13. and so in other succeeding writs though not in all is stiled Iohn de Moubray DOMINUS Insulae de Axholm none else having this Title till afâ—er the reign of Rich. the 2. The next so stiled is in Claus. 11 H. 4. d. 32. where a writ issued Iohanni Talbot DOMINO de Furâ—vall which though omitted in some summons after is again used in the summons to him Cl. 4 H. 5. d. 16. and Cl. 8H 5. d. 2. Afteâ— which I finde none so stiled till Cl. 23 H. 6. d. 21. where Robert Hungerford Chivaler is stiled DOMINUS de Mollins as he is in Cl. 25 H. 6. d. 24. which gives the title of DOMINUS de Poynings to Hâ—nry Peircy In Cl. 27 H. 6. d. 24. this title DOMINUS is given to Hungerford Percy and 4 more in Cl. 28 H. 6. d. 26. it is added to 8. In Cl. 29 H. 6. d. 41. to 16. after which it grew more common to them and most others who were summoned as the ensuing Table will more particularly inform you But though the temporal Lords in the writs of summons issued to them were seldom stiled Lords or Barons before 23 H. 6. yet it is observable that when any of them are particularly mentioned in the Parliament Rolls Acts of Parliament Commissions or Patents they are usually stiled BARONS or LORDS as in the Proâ—â—gue of Magna Charta 9 H. 3. c. 2. 14. 37. Charta de Foresta c. 11. 20 H. 3. c. 9. 51 H. 3. 1. 10. Dictum de Kenelworth 51 H. 3. 3 E. 1. the Prologue and c. 23. 13 E. 1. c. 42. 18 E. 1. The Statute of Quo Warrauto 25 E. 1. c. 6. 34 E. 1. c. 5. The Prologues to the Sâ—atutes of E. 3. 14 E. 3. c. 5. and the Commission therupon Paâ— 18 E. 3. p. 2. m. 39. 36 E. 3. c. 6. 20 R. 2. c. 3. and other Acts. How fearfull Christians were to give this Tâ—tle of DOMINUS to the Greatest Emperors and how unwilling Augustus and the greatest Christian Emperors were to receive or make use of iâ— unless with the diminution of DOMNUS and DOMPNUS not Dominus you may read in Sir Henry Spelmans Glossary p. 225 226. it being a Title peculiar to God and Christ DEI NO MEN as Terâ—ulliâ—â—â—â—liles â—liles it whereas now it is usurped by and given to every upstart of the most ignoble extraction to bring Nobility it self and the House of Lords into contempt 27. That it is the inseparable incommunicable Prerogative and Supream Royal Jurisdiction of the Kings of England underivable to and inusurpable by any other person or persons by their special Patents Writs of Creation Charters and Solemn Invchiâ—ures to make and create Princes of Wales Dukes Earls Marquesses Vicounts Lords Barons and Peeres of the Râ—alm and to give them and their posterities a place seat voyce in the Parliament and Great Councils of England the Supreamest Judicature and highest Court of all others wherein they sit as Iudges and all others Iudges in the Courts of Westminster sit only as their Assistants not as Associates or their fellow Iudges This is evident not only by all writs of summons issued to the Lords but likewise by the express Resolution of all the Nobles and Parliaments of 50 E. 3. rot Parl. n. 41. 51 E. 3. rot Parl. n. 9. 36 E. 3. rot Parl. n. 94. 40 E. 3. rot Parl. n. 13. 9 R. 2. rot Parl. n. 14 15 16 17. 11 R. 2. rot Parl. n. 44. 13 R. 2. rot Parl. n. 21 22 23 20 R. 2. rot Par. n. 30 31 32. 21 R. 2. rot Parl. n. 33. 1 H. 4. rot Parl. n. 76 78 82. 9 H. 4. rot Parl. n. 25. 4 H. 5. rot Parl. n. 13. 3 H. 6. the case of Iohn Earl Marshal rot Parl. n. 11 12 13. 11 H. 6. rot Parl. n. 31. to 36. 33 H. 6. rot Parl. n. 42 43 50. 1 2 E. 4. rot Parl. n. 12 13 14. 14 E. 4. rot Parl. n. 24 25. 17 E. 4. rot Parl. n. 16. by all Patents presidents of creating any Princes Dukes Earls Marquesses Vicounts Lords Peers and Barons of Parliament collected by Mr. Iohn Selden in his Titles of Honor Book 2. Chap. 5 6 7. Mr. William Martyn Camâ—den Mills his Catalogue of Honor Bâ—ook his Catalogue of Nobility Augustine Vincent his Discovery of Errours therein Iames York his Union of Honour with others who have written of our English Peers Nobility and Sir Henry Spâ—lmas his Glossary Title Baro p. 81 82 83. Comes p. 177 178. Hence is it that King Henry the 1. King Iohn Henry the 3. and Edw. 1. in their Great Charters and other wriâ—ing usually stile them â—OMITES BARONES NOSTRI MEI Si quis BARONUM MEORUM vâ—l COMITVM or DE BARONIBUS MEIS or NOSTRIS and Glanvil l. 8. c. 11. l. 9. c. 1. Huntindon Historiarum l. 5. The Leiger Book of Ramsay sect 171. Pope Nâ—cholas in his Epistle to King Ed. the Confessor with our Lawbooks Historians usually stile them BARONES REGIS REGII BARONES VESTRI BARONES SVI speaking of the King Rex de IURE BARONIBUS SUIS And hence we read Ann. 3. H. 3. Fitzh Prescription 50. this Custem pleaded in Barr of a Nuper obiit Quod si aliquis BARO DOMINI REGIS tenens de Rege obâ—isset et non haberet haeredem nisi filias et primogenita filiae maritatae sunt in vitaâ— patris Dominus Reâ— daret postnatam filiam quae remaneret in haeredâ—tate Paâ—ris alicui Militum suorum cum tota haereditatâ— Patris sui de qua obiisset seseitus iâ— a quod aliae filiae nihil recâ—pâ—rent versus postnatam filiam in vâ—ta sua et omnes Reges habuerunt hanc dignitatem à Conquestu Yea this is such an incommunicable Prerogâ—â—ve incident to our Kings alone that neither the Emperour himself nor Pope could ever create an English Earl Baron or Lord of Parliament nor give him any precedency before other Lords in England
England most of the Earls and Temporal Lords attending on them in person in their wâ—rrs and voyages into forein parts as on Ed. 3 H. 4 5 6. 3ly The Civil wars hapning now and then between the King Lords and Barons upon which occasion some of the Temporal Lords whiles in open hostility and rebellion against the King were now and then as I conjecture left out of the Lists of Summons because they could not be conveniently summoned or would not appear upon any summons if sent them 4ly The attainders or Outlawries of some Earls Lords and Barons of High Treason for their wars Insurrections Rebellions or other Treasons against the King which disabled themselves and their Posterities to be summoned to Parliaments till pardoned or restored by the King to theiâ— honours bloud Lordships Baronies and Lâ—nds 5ly The Alieâ—ation of some Baronies by teâ—ure by sales gifts marriages escheats or otherwise from one person name family to another whereby the former Barons only by Tenure were no more summoned after such Alienations but the new Tenants who purchased or possessed them 6ly The deceases of some Earls Lords and Barons without heirs males of their Bodies or the Infancy or nonage of their heirs males at the time of their deathâ— who usually had no writs of summons till their full age though the Prince of Wales and Kings own sons were sometimes summoned to Parliaments during their Minority as will appear by comparing the dates of their wriâ—s with the time of their births mentioned in our Historians but few Nobles else were summoned during their Minority for ought appears Minors being unfiâ— to be Senators Counseâ—lors Judges in the Supremest Council Judicaâ—ure of the Realm as I have elsewhere proved 7ly Our Kings Liberty and Prerogative who though obliged by the anâ—ient Laws and customs of the Realm the Conâ—â—iâ—utions of Clarindon the Great Charter of King Iohn Ad habendum COMMUNE CONSILIUM REGNI aâ— Auxiliis assidendis et de Scutagiis assidendis 〈◊〉 faciemus Archiepiscopos Episcopos Abbates COMITES MAIORES BARONES REGNI SINGILLATIM PER LITER AS NOSTRAS c. ex debito Iustitiae as Sir Edward Cook informs us to summon EVERY ONE OF THE TEMPORAL LORDS BY DESCENT OR CREATION being of full age by writs to our Parliaments when held yet they have likewise a Freedom and Prerogative to create New Earls Lords Barons by special Writs or Patents or to Summon what particular Gentlemen and others of Parts and Abilities they please to their Parliaments and Great Councils to counsel and advise them as the exigency of their affairs shall require and they and their Counsel shall think necessary pro hac vice tantum or so oft as they deem necessary without creating them Earls Lords or Barons for life or inheritance by their general writs of Summons as I have elswhere evidenced 38. That the Eodem modâ— mandatum est c. And Consimiles literae diriguntur subscriptis in the Clause Rolls are for the most part general without defining the Degrees and Qualities of the persons underwritten except Dukes and Earls specified by their Titles but few else besides them And sometimes special As Eodem modo mandatum est Comitibus et Baronibus subscriptis Consimile mandatum habent singuli Comites BARONES MILITES subscripti Consimiles Literae diriguntur Comiâ—â—bus BARONIBUS MILITIBUS SUBSRIPTIS So as it is a difficult matter certainly to define by the large list of names which of them were real Lords and Barons of Parliament and which not except those only who were usually summoned and listed in the Rolls amongst the Lords and Barons and their posterity after them or such who are expresly stiled either Barons or Lords in the writs or lists of names of which I shall give you one instance In the summons of Claus. 5 E. 2. m. 25. dorso in the Eodâ—â— modo mandatum est Comitibus et Baronibus subscriptis there is this List of names with a particular distinction made of their Degrees in the Margin declaring all in that Catalogue to be Earls and Barons and in no Roll else upon my best observation Guidoni de Bello Campo Comiti Warr. Adamaro de Valenâ— Comiti Pembr Hâ—mfrido de Bohun Comiti Heref. Essex Iohanni de Warenna Comiti surr Edmundo Comiti Arundel Roberto de Veer Comiti Oxon. Hugoni de Veer Hugoni le Dispenser Iohanni de Hastings Ioh. de Gifford de Brimesfeld Willo Martyn Iohanni de Ferrar. Willo de Mareschall Roberto de Clifford Iohanni de Somery Roberto Fil. Paganâ— Iohanni Botetourte Roberto fil Walteri Pagano Tybetot Bartho de Badlesâ—ere Iohanni de Segrave Pho. de Kyâ—e Edmundo Deincourt Iohanni de Grey Rico. de Grey Iohanni la Ware Willo de Echingham Thomae de Furnivall Iohanni de Clavering Peero Corbet Rado Basset de Draiton Iohanni Dengaine Engayne Fulconi Lestrange Willo le Latymer Fulconi fil Warrini Roberto de Ufford Iohanni de Bello Campo de Somerset Hugoni de Courtenay Rado de Gorges Henr. de Lancastr Mauricio de Berkele Thomae Bardolfe Roberto de Monte altâ— Iohanni de Mohâ—â— An exact Alphabetical and Chronological Table of all Dukes Earls Marquesses Princes of Wales and forein Kings summoned to the Great Councils and Parliaments of England from 49 H. 3. to 23 E. 4. with the numbers of the Parliaments years and dorses of the clause Rolls of each King when there were two or more Parliaments in one year to which they were summoned or resummoned by Writs of Prorogation p. in the parentheâ—is signifying the part d. the dorse and the next figures the membranaes of the dorse or dorses wherein they are recorded The other dorses you may find in the forecited Writs A ALbemariae Thomas Duke of Albemarl or Aumarle Uncle to K. R. d 2. summoned to Parl. 9 R. 2. Edward Duke thereof 21 23 R. 2. 1 H. 4. Thomas Duke of Clarence Earl of Albemarle so stiled in his summons 1 2 3 4 H. 5. Aâ—â—gos Angos Danegoâ— or Anguish Gilbert de Vmfravil Earl thereof summoned to Parl. An. 25 d. 25. 27 d. 16 18. 28 d. 3. 17. 30 d. 9. 12. 33 â—4 â—5 Ed. 1. 1 d. 11. 19. Ed. 2. Robert de 〈◊〉 Earl thereof summoned 2 3. 12 d. 11. 29. 1â— 14 d. 5. 2. 15 16 17 18. d. 5. 21 23. 34 â— 2. Gilbâ—â—t de Umfrâ—vil 6 d. 4 9 19. 36. 7 8 9. d 8. 28. 10 d. 1 5. 12 13 d. 1. 28. 14 d. 23 33. 15. 16 d. 13 39 17 18 20 21 22 d. â— 7. 〈◊〉 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 d. 7 8. â—1 d. 2. 21. 32 33 34 d. 4. 35. 36 37 38 39 42 43 44 46 47 49 d. 4 6. 50 E. 3. 1 d. 37. 2 d. 13 29. 3 d. 13 29. 3. d. 32 R. 2. All these 3 Umfravils though the Title of their Earldom was Scotish were all originally English Barons of Prodhow Kime in Lancashire
personaliter intersitis Nobiscum si interesse possumus seu interveniente impedimento deputandis à Nobis super dictis negotiis tractatur vestrumque consilium impen sur Et hoc nullatenus omittatis Teste Rege apud Stanhope 7 die Augusti Eodem modo mandatum est subscriptis viz. 33. 0thers there named And in the same Roll dors 3. there is the like writ to him and 7. more only The writ Claus. 2 E. 3. dorse 31. thus varies from the former Rex dilecto et sideli suo Waltero de Norwico salutem Cum in Parliamento nuper apud Eborum convocato magna et ardua negotia proposita fuerunt quae propter absentiam quorundam Praelatorum Magnatum et Procerum Regni nostri tunc non poterunt terminari super quibus et aliis diversis Negotiis de assensu Praelatorum ac Magnatum et Procerum in eodem Parliamento nostro tunc existentium apud Northhampton à die Paschae prox futur in tres Septimanas Parliamentum tenere et Vobiscum ac cum Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceribus Regni nostri et eum caeteris de Conâ— silio nostro Colloquium et Deliberationem habere volumus Vobis mandamus firmiter injungentes quod omnibus aliis praetermissis dictis die et loco personaliter intersitis Nobiscum super dictis Negotiis tractatur vestrumque Consilium impensur Et hoc sicut Nos ac honorem nostrum ac salvationem Regni nostri diligitis nullo modo omittatis Teste Rege ut supra Eodem modo mandatum est to x. more the first of them Magistro Gilberto de Middleton Archid Northhampton Clause 23 of the same Roll there is the like writ different only in the recital as to the Archbishop p. 28. to x. Justices and Assistants the same with the former and so in dorse 15. In Claus. 3 E. 3. d. 19. there is no writ entred to the Justices and Counsil but I finde them promiscuously inserted amongst the Lords in the Eodem modo mandatum est where I meet with Magist Rico Erinm perchance Ermin Magist Antonio de Bek Decano Ecclesiae beatae Mariae Lincolne Galfro le Scrop Wilâ—â— le Herle Roberto de Malberthorp Rico de Willugâ—by Iohi de Traverse Ade de Herewinton Henry le Scrop Roberto de Wodehouse Archid Richmond Willo le Dennie Ioâ—i de Canteâ—rigg Rico de Aldeburge Magist. Gilberto de Middleton Archid Northampton and Rob. Baynard inserted into the List of the Lords being usually listed amongst the Justices and Counsil in precendent and subsequent Rolls Clause 4 E. 3. d. 41. the writ runs in this most usual form except in the recital Rex dilecto et fideli fuo Roberto de Wodehouss Archid. Richmond Thesaurar suo salutem Quia pro magnis et arduis negotiis Nos et statum Regni nostri multipliciter contingentibus Parliamentum nostrum apud Winton die Dominica prox ante festum Sancti Gregorii Papae prox futur tenere et Vobiscum ac cum caeeteris de Consilio nostro habere Colloquium disposuimus et tractatum Vobis mandamus firmiter injungentes quod omnibus aliis praetermissis dictis die et loco personaliter intersitis Nobiscum ac cum caeteris de Consilio nostro super dictis negotiis tractatur vestrumque consilium impensur Et hoc nullatenuâ— omittatis T. ut supra p. 30. Eodem modo mandatum est subscriptis viz. 8. more Ibidem dors 13. the like Writ except in the Prologue Qualiter c. as p. 31. issued to this Treasurer and the same 8. persons more But in dorso 23. there is no writ entred but only the names of 5. of the Counsil in the Eodem modo after the Lords with a space for distinction Claus. 5 E. 3. dors 25. the Writ issues Dilectâ— fideli suo Galfrido Le Scrop Capitali Iusticiario suo c. as p. 32. in the recital and then in the usual form as the precedent writ in the later Clause there being 12 more names in the Eodem modo Dorse 7. the like writ issued to him and x. more both of them entred after the Writs to the Sheriffs and Warden of the Cinque-ports usually registred before them next after the writs to the Lords in all precedent Rolls but frequently after them in most Rolls after this Clause 6 E. 3. d. 9. 19. 36. there are three writs of this nature entred after those to the Sheriffs and Wardens of the Cinque-ports issued to this Chief Justice Scrop the first to 7 the second to 30 the third to 9 more Justices and others Claus. 7 E. 2. pars 2. dors 3. the writ entred is to him and 20. besides after all the rest of the Writs but one as in many more ensuing Rolls and so Claus 8 E. 3. d. 18. to him and 22. more whereof the Chancellor of the Exchequer is one and the Kings Treasurer another Claus 9 E. 3. d. 8. the Writ entred is to to the same Geoffry Le Scrop and 15 others and Dorse 28. to him and 22 more But in Claus. 10. dors 1 5. the Writs enrolled issued Magistro Roberto de Stratford Archid. Cantuar and 14 more in both lists whereof Roberto Parnings Willo Scot Simoni Trewosa Servientibus Regis are 3. These are the two first Eodem modo mandatum est I meet with wherein the Kings Serjeants at Law were summoned to Parliaments who are last named in both these Lists Clause 11 E. 3. pars 1. d. 15. After the Lords 5 are registred with Iustic added to them and 3 besides In d. 8. there is only this entry Eodem mode mandatum est dilecto Cler. suo Mro Joh de Ufford mutatis mutandis after the Lords names to which 9. of the Counsils Justices names are conjoyned without distinction before this entry But in Clause 11 E. 3. part 2. dorse 40. the writ entred is directed Rob de Stratford Electo Cicestr different in the recital from the writs to the Temporal and Spiritual Lords in this Membrana and agreeing with that in Claus. 11. pars 1. m 8. to which it should refer upon which Account I shall transcribe it Rex dilecto Clerico fuo Mro Rob de Stratford Electo Cicestr salutem Quia super certis responsionibus solennibus Nunciis nostris per Nos ad partes Franciae ultimo pro quibusdaÌ„ negotiis nostris ibideÌ„ expediendis transmissis datis necnon pro quibusdaÌ„ aliis negotiis urgentisâ—limis Nos et statum Regni nostri ac aliarum terrarum nostrarum intimè contingentibus cum Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceribus regni nostri apud Westm. die Veneris prox ante festum Sancti Michaelis prox futur ordinavimus habere Colloquium et Tractatum Vobis mandamus firmiter injungentes quod omnibus aliis praetermissis dictis die et loco personaliter intersitis Nobiseum c. ut supra T. ut supra Eodem modo mandatum est c. to 10. more most of them Justices and
* See here p 12. â— See my plea for the Lords * P. 194 to 208. * P. 218 219 220. * See Hoveden p. 533 534 540 541 545 546. Here p. 204 * Here p. 217 218. * Here p. 185 186. * Cook 4. Instir p. 1. * See My Minors no Senators * In my plea for the Lords * See my Plea for the Lordâ— p. 21 22 35. 〈…〉 p. 217. * 4 lustâ—â— p. 1. * See my Plea for the Lords Epistle to the Reader and p. 147. to 161 * Here p. 163 164 171 c. Comitibus â—aronibus Boronibuâ— * Seldens Titles of Honor. pars 2. ch 4. sect 3. 4. 5. 6. to 20. * See Claus. 32 E 3. doâ—â— 14. a 4 E 4 f 4 â— Bâ—ook Officer 25. 34 II. 8. c. 24. b 4. Institutes p. 44. 45. c Mr. Seldens Titles of Honor. p. 370 to 376. Spelmanni Glostarium p. 3. 4. d My Plea for the Lords p. 151. to 160. e Instit. p. 1. f Mat. Paris p 884 See my Plea for the Lords p. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. c. g See Mr. Iohn Rushworth his Historicall Collections p. 240. 241. c. * Mr. Rushworths Historical Collections p. 361. to 375. * Glossarium p 80. * Seldens Titles of Honor. p. 663. 665. 747. 748 751. 757. 763. a See here p. 160. 161. b See here p. 217. 218. 219. c See here p. 221. 222. My Plea for the Lords p. 278. 279. 282. d See Mr. Râ—shworâ—hs Hâ—storical Collections p â— 40 â—41 242. 243. â—44 â—67 to 376. d See the Proposiriâ—ns my Speech in Parliament p. 43. 44. * As King Iames acknowledged See Mr. Râ—shworths Historical Collections p. 25. to 34. e Febr. 6. March 17. 19 An. 1648. f Ianuary 2 An. 1649. a Titles of Honor. p. 650. b Hist. l. 2. c. 2. Militâ—s De veniendo ad Parliamenâ—um De mittendis Jurisperitis ad Parliamentum * Without cum caeteris de Consilio nostro * With cum caeteris de Consilio nostro twice reciâ—ed in 2. of them and buâ—once in the oâ—ther Clericis Consilii â—usticâ—ar De veniendâ— ad Regem De interessendo Parliamento * See Cookes 4 Instit. p. 24. * Cookes 4 Insâ—it p. 4. * Sec â— 341 342. * See my Table to An Exact Abridgement Title Councils and Counsellors a 4 Instit. p. 4. * See p 357 a See my Table to the Exact Abridgement of the Records of the Tower Title Counâ—ell * 21 E. 1. roâ— 4. 22 E. 1. rot 5. Cooks 2 Instit p. 508. The 2d Part of my Demurrer p. 123. * 2. Institutes p. 106. 707. 568. a See this Ordinance inrolled at large Claus. Ann. 33 E. 1. m. 13. dorso in Cedula and remembred by Mat. Westm. pars 2. p. 451 452. * Then in being but since not extant b Placita in Parl. Anno 33 E. 1. roâ— 17. 2â— * See Poultons Statutes at large p. 39 43 44. * See Claus. 38 11. 3. dors 13. De Magnatibus Vocatis ad Consilium Claus. 38 H. 3. dors 13. Claus. 3â— H. 3. dors 13. a 4. Institutes p. 10. b Bractan l. 5. f. 413. Britton 122. 227. Fleta l. 2. c. 12 West 2. c. 23. 1. part of the â—nstiâ— Sect. 101 f. 73. b. c Lib. 5. f. 413. d Instis. f. â—3 b. e See the 2. and 3. part of my Historical Collection and Vindication My Abridgement of the ancient Councils and Parliaments of Eng. f Matth. Westminster 2. p. 363 264 387 321 405 411 415 438 439 463 464 col 1965 1977. f Cookes 1. Instit. p. 109 110 4. Instit c. 1. Cromtons Jurisdiction of Courts Ch. 1. The Antiquity of the Parliaments of England by Justice Dodridge and others p. 43. 65 66. * The Antiquity of the Parliament of England p. 78 79. writes that this word was first brought into this Realm by the French Monkes and first used by the Statists in the time of H. 1. that Abbot Ingulphus first used it who dyed in the year 1109. h See Balaeus Script Brit. cens 4. c. 26. p 315 316. i Edit Tigrui 1589. p. 674. 677. 686. 687. k Ibidem p. 702. 707. l Scriptorum Brit. Cen. 4. c. 94. a See the Praeface to Mat Paris and Mat Westm 〈◊〉 Script Brit. Cent. 6. c. 31. b Mr. Seldens Praeface Historiae Anglicanae Scriptoreâ— X. Londini 1652. c Chron. Johannis Brompton Col. 866. l. 50. 908. l. 36 937. l. 28. 1005. l. 65. 1066. l. 62. 1058. l. 66. 1282. l. 66. d Polychron l. 7. c. 38. e Ypodigma Neustriae Londini 1574. p. 61 62. f 4 Inst. p. 12. 341. 1. Instit. f. 10. 2. Instit. p. 7 8. g See Spelmaâ—ni Concilia p. 534. h De Eventibus Angliae Col. 2463 2491 2528 2549. i Gul. Lambardi Archivon The Antiquity of the Parliaments of England p. 28 29. k Titles of Honour p. 613. 738 to 745. l In his Letter Mr. William Hackwel m Preface to the 9. Reproof n Spelmanni Concil p. 534. o See my seasonable Legal Historical Vindication part 3. p. 231 232 233. â— 11. p. 40. * 7. Jac. c. 6. p A Collection of Ordinanceâ— p. 420. K. 430. q 3 Caroli r Mr. Rushworths Historical Collections p. 423. s Exact Colection p. 8. a 37. H. 8. c. 26. 34 H. 8. c. 26. * See my Argument of the case of the Lord Maguire * A Collection of Ordinances p. 877 878. * See the Independency of England by Henry Martin 1628. * Ordinatio pro stabilitate terrae Scotiae cl 33. E. 1. dorse 13. Cedula Rustal Partition 2. 1. Jac. c. 2. 16. Caroli here p. 414 415 416. * See Mr. Rushworths Historical Collections p. 237. * Mark 2. 21. * Luk. 5. 36. a De Legibus consuetudini Regni Angliae b Lib. 5. c Cap. 48. d Lib 2. c. 12. e Praeâ—ace to Naâ— Brevium f Dâ—gest of Writs g 1. Instit. f. 73. b. h Britton c. 48. Statham Fitzherbert Brock Thelwel Ash Title Brief Abatement de Brief Errour i Here p. â—3 k See Mr. Rushworth his Historical Collections p. 4 10 c. l Seldens Titles of Honour p 663 665 747 748 751 757 764 c. m 4 Inst p. 3. n King Chaâ—les his Declaration 13. June 2. Car. Mr. Rushworths Historical Colâ—ectiods p. 411. o My Legal Vindication against illegal Taxes p Here p. 43 44 46 50 51 52 67 68 80 84 85 86 87 c An exact Abridgement of the Records in the Tower p. 542 543 552 561 597. q Here p. 9. 41 42 44 46 48 49 50 93 64. r Exact Abridgement of the Records in the Tower p. 564 568 869 592 658. * In the second part of my soveraign power of Parliaments Kingdomes p 67 68. b 1 Pet 2. 13 14. 1 Tim. 2. 2. Prov. 8. 2. 4 Dan 2. 37 38. * Walsingham Hist Angl. p. 55 56 Mat. Westm. p. 435 536. Henry de Knyghton de eventibus Angl. l. 3. c. 13. Col. 3529. s Hen. p. 31. i See p 7 10 11 15 16 17 18 19 21 24 27 30 63 64 162 164 168 169 171. 343 348 c. u Beda Eccles Hist. l. 4. c 5. Spelmanni Concil p. 153. x Horneâ— Myrrour p. 1. Cooks 1. Instit f. 110. â— y See p. 13 14 19 21 27 28 44 177. z See p. 27 28 29 32 41 43 177. a See p. 19 20 â—4 30 38 39 40 4â— 48 52 57 62 63 174 187 to 192. b See p. 11 12 13 29 45 48 49 53 54 56 59 63 64 67 74 88 93. Hoâ—ns Myrrour ch 5. sect 11. p. 282. c See p. 6 7 8 12. 17 45 46 6â— 68 70. 71 72 73 74 76 77 131 to â—24 232 233 234. * 23 H. 6. c. 12. 6. H. 8. c. 16. Registerâ— 192 Cooks 4. Instit p. 46. 1 H. 5. Rot. Parl. n. 26. a Mat. Farker Antiq. Eccles. Brit. tan p. 113. 114. 124. 125â—â— 198. 333. Godwins Catalogue of Bishops in Canterbury and York b Claus. 6. E. 3. m. 13. dorso c Autiquitates Eccles. Brit. p. 1â—8 333. d Patent An. 6. E. 3. part 2. m. 15. e My Plea for the Lords p. 371. to 419. * See Cooks 4. Instit. p. 15. to 21. 5 R. 2. Sâ—at 2. c. 4. My Plea for the Lords p. 29. 9. H. 8. c. 16. f James Baggs case Cooks 11 Reports f. 93. tâ— 100. g Bracton l. 5. c. 5. f 412. See my Ardua Regni h See my Plea for the Lords Objection Answer * Exact Collection p. 321. * Exact Collection p. 321. * See their Whitehall Ordinance of 24. Decemb. 17. March 1653. and May 4. Iune 8. 1654. The first part of my Seasonable Legall Historicall Vindication London 1655 p 67. to 100. The Instructions to the Major Generalls My Summary Collection of the Fundamental Rights Liberties Properties of all English Freemen p. 53. to 64. * See p. 240. a Ea quae contra leges siunt non solum inutilia sed etiam pro infectis habenda sunt Justin. Cod. l. 1. Tit. 22. Gratian Caus. 25. qu. 2. b Mr. John Rushworths Historical Collections p. 43 44 47 50 51 53 57 140 151 195 360 362 365 410 to 417 643 631 672 c. Appendix p. 1 2 c. c The Declaration of the General Officers of the Army 22 August 1653 p. 4 5 6. A true State of the Common-wealth of England p. 2. to 14. d Gratian Causa 25. qu. 2. f. 493. See Littleon sect 178. Cooks 1 Instit f. 23. 11 Report f. 98. 9 H 6. 55. Brook Officer 44 48 51. Here p 450. * See Retorna Brevium Cromptons Jurisdict of Courts f. 2. Daltons Office of Sheriffs the Returns Indentures in the Tower Rolls * See their Declaration Votes of Jan. 2. Feb. 6. March 17. 19. 1648. The 2. Part of the History of Independency * See A true State of the Common-wealth of England p. 8. to 16. * Dyer f. 60. a. Cooks 4 Instit p. 1. 3. * See Here p. 28 29 31 41 43 177. My Plea for the Lords p. 23. to 30. 49 to 55. m 2â— H. 3. c. 9. An Exact Abridgment of the Records in the Tower 1. Table Law Old and Common Law n See Here p. 366. to 394. * Claus. 43 H. 3. 4. dorso * Horatius â— p. 200.