should seeme vnto me alwayes a greater care and respect how to keepe themselues from all kinde of great heate the how to prouide for any store of great roste It had in it by report of them that should know best it some foure thousand and moe of very good able fighting men and sixe hundred horsemen at the least No question but that they were well furnished of all things appertaining thereunto especially so many good ships lying there and being so well stored with all manner of munition shot and powder as they were Of what wealth this towne should be I am not able to resolue the asker but as it should appeare by the great pillage by the common Souldiers and some Marriners too and by the goodly furnitures that were deâ—aced by the baser people and thereby vtterly lost and spoiled as not worth the carrying away and by the ouer great plenty of Wine Oyle Almonds Oliues Raisins Spices and other such Grocery wares that by the intemperate disorder of some of the rasher sort were knockt out and lay trampled vnder feet in euery common high way it should appeare that it was of some very mighty great wealth to the first owners though perchance not of any such great commodity to the last subduers for that I iudge that the better part was most riotously and intemperately spent and consumed The Wednesday Thursday and Friday following the Lords Generall spent in counsell about the disposing of all matters as well touching the towne and prisoners as also concerning all other matters thought meete of them in their honourable wisdomes and in all that meane while did shew such honourable bounty and mercy as is not able to be expressed For not onely the liues of euery one were spared but also there was an especiall care had that all the Religious as well men as women should be well and fauourably intreated whom freely without any manner of ransome or other molesiation they caused to be safely transported ouer to Port Saint Mary a Towne in a manner as faire as Cadiz but at that time as the case did stand certainely knowne to be of no wealth in the world and it was some sixe or seuen miles distant ouer against Cadiz in a manner as Paules is against Southwarke on the other side of the Bay in a part of Andaluzia subiect to the territorie of the Duke de Medina Sidonia Moreouer at the same instant they did appoint that worthy Knight Sir Amias Preston and some others in some conuenient Barkes to transport ouer to the said Towne safely and in good order a hundred or moe of the better sort of ancient gentlewomen and merchants wiues who were suffered to put vpon themselues some of them two yea some three suites Apparell with some conuenient quantitie of many Iewels Chaines and other ornaments belonging to their estate and degree Vpon Saturday being the six and twentieth Sir Iohn Winkfield knight was buried in honourable and warlike manner so farre forth as the circumstances of that time and place could permit At whose funerals the Nauie discharged a great part of their Ordnance in such order as was thought meete and conuenient by the Lords Generals command The seuen and twenty day being Sunday in the Abbey the diuine Seruice was had and a learned Sermon was made there by one Master Hopkins the right honourable Earle of Essex his Preacher a man of good learning and sweete vtterance and euen there the same day something before the Sermon was made these worthy Gentlemen following were Knighted by the Lord Generall And here I am to signifie by the way that two of these were Knighted three or foure daies before and some three or foure moe were Knighted after that time vpon certaine occasions but yet I hold it best and I trust without offence to recite their names in this place altogether SIr Samuel Bagnal Sir Arthur Sauage The Earle of Sussex The Lord Harbert The Lord Burke Count Lodowick Sir William Howard Sir George D'Eureux Sir Henry Neuel Sir Edmund Rich. Sir Richard Leuen Sir Peter Egomort Sir Anthonie Ashley Sir Henry Leonard Sir Richard Leuison Sir Horatio Vere Sir Arthur Throckmorton Sir Miles Corbet Sir Edward Conway Sir Oliuer Lambert Sir Anthony Cooke Sir Iohn Townesend Sir Christopher Heydon Sir Francis Popham Sir Philip Woodhouse Sir Alexander Clifford Sir Maurice Barkley Sir Charles Blunt Sir George Gifford Sir Robert Crosse. Sir Iames Escudamor Sir Urias Leigh Sir Iohn Leigh alias Lee. Sir Richard Weston Sir Richard Waâ—â—man Sir Iames Wootton Sir Richard Ruddal Sir Robert Mansfield Sir William Mounson Sir Iohn Bowles Sir Edward Bowes Sir Humfrey Druel Sir Amias Preston Sir Robert Remington Sir Iohn Buck. Sir Iohn Morgan Sir Iohn Aldridg Sir Iohn Asshindon Sir Mathew Browne Sir Iohn Acton Sir Thomas Gates Sir Gilly Mericke Sir Thomas Smith Sir William Pooley Sir Thomas Palmer Sir Iohn Stafford Sir Robert Louel Sir Iohn Gylbert Sir William Haruie Sir Iohn Gray Don Christ. Prince of Portugall Sir Iohn Vanderfoord Admirall of the Hollanders Sir Robert Dudley 8. August Being in Cadiz attending vpon my most honorable good Lord I talked with certaine of the Religious men such as I found learned whereof indeede there were some though not very many I talked also with the Bishop of Cusco there a graue aged comely man and being of late chosen to that Bishopricke he was as then to haue gone to the Indies had not we then taken him prisoner and so staied his iourney for that time It pleased the Lords generall to deale exceeding fauourably with this said Bishop of Cusco for it was their good pleasure to giue him his free passage without any ransome and therewithall to let him to vnderstand that they came not to deale with Church-men or vnarmed men or with men of peace weaklings and children neither was it any part of their meaning to make such a voyage for gold siluer or any other their wealth and riches c. But that their onely comming was to meet with their dishonorable practises and manifold iniuries and to deale with men of war and valour for the defence of the true honour of England and to let them to vnderstand that whensoeuer they attempted any base-conceited and dishonorable practise to their soueraigne Queen their Mistresse that it should be reuenged to the vttermost c. In this meane space while the Lords generall continued at Cadiz there came to them certaine poore wretched Turks to the number of eight and thirty that had bin a long time gally-slaues and either at the very time of the fight by Sea or else immediately thereupon taking the opportunity did then make their escape and did swim to land yeelding themselues to the mercy of their most honorable Lordships It pleased them with all speede to apparell them and to furnish them with mony and all other necessaries and to bestow on them a Barke and a Pilot to see them freely and safely conueied into
of Codfish it is well knowne vnto you Salmons Eeles Mackarell Herrings Lance Caplin Dog fish Hollibuts Flowkes Lobsters Crabs and Muskles All and more then all these are here in great plentie very good and sweet meat The wild fruit and berries are small Peares Cherries Nuts Resberries Strawberries Barberries Dewberrics Hurtleberries with others all good to eate Many faire Flowers I haue seene here which I cannot name although I had learned Gerrards Herball by heart But wild Roses are here both red and damaske as fragrant and faire as in England All our Corne and Seedes haue prospered well and are already growne almost to perfect maturitie c. THE SECOND PART OF THE TENTH BOOKE CHAP. X. Diuers Warlike Fleets set forth to Sea against the Spaniards by our English DEBORA Queene ELIZABETH of Glorious memory Her manifold Deliueries and Victories LOI the Man whose Mâ—se 〈…〉 s'd on Plantations New England Virgin Bermude Newfound-landed Lawrell for oliue take and make Relations Of Armes Harmes Fights Frights Flights Depopulations Romes Buls Spaines broyles Irelands 〈◊〉 Traitors branded GOD Angels Winds Seas Men Elizas Glory Conspire Shee outlines Death â—n Heauen in Story HAile greatest of English Names Glorious ELIZABETH Nor may wee after thy voyage and peregrination out of this World vnto thy true and heauenly home Country forget the great Acts of thy earthly Pilgrimage Thou wast indeed the Mother of English Sea-greatnesse and didst first by thy Generalls not salute alone but awe and trrrifie the remotest East and West stretching thy long and strong armes to India to China to America to the Peruvian Seas to the Californian Coast and New Albions Scepters Thou mad'st the Northerne Muscouite admire thy Greatnesse Thou gauest name to the North-west Straits Meta Incognita and the Southern Negros and Ilands of the South-vnknowne-continent which knew not humanitie were compelled to know Thee Thou imbracedst the whole earthly Globe in thy Maritime Armes thou freedst England from Easterlings and Lumbards borrowed legs and taughtst her not onely to stand and goe without helpe but become helpe to our friends and with her own Sea forces to stand against yea to stand vpon and stampe vnder feet the proudest of her foes Thou wast a Mother to thy Neighbours Scots French Dutch a Mirrour to the remotest of Nations Great Cumberland twelue voyages before recited are thine and the fiery vigor of his Martiall Spirit was kindled at thy bright Lamp quickened by the Great Spirit of ELIZABETH Drake Candish Iohn and Richard Hawkins Raleigh Dudley Sherley Preston Greenuile Lancaster Wood Raimund Leuison Monson Winter Frobisher Daâ—â—es and other the Star-worthies of Englands Sphere whose Planet-courses we haue before related acknowledge ELIZAS Orb to be their First and highest Mouer How many Royall Fleets did shee set forth In the yeeres 85. and 87. those vnder Sir Francis Drake before mentioned as that also in 95. vnder him and Sir Iohn Hawkins another Fleet 1590. vnder Sir Iohn Hawkins and Sir Martin Frobisher to the Ilands also 1591. the Iland Fleet vnder the Lord Thomas Howard now Earle of Suffolke that 1592. by Sir Iohn Burroughs and Sir Robert Crosse when the Madre de Dios was taken and another Carrike burnt An. 1594. Shee sent forth a Fleet to Brest where Frobusher was slaine Another 1599. vnder the Lord Thomas Howard A. 1600. vnder Sir Richard Leuison a Fleet to the Ilands 1601. another to Ireland A. 1602. vnder Sir Richard Leuison and Sir William Manson and another vnder the same Commanders 1603. as bequeathing in her fatall extreames Marine Actions and Glory to her Successour These and other her Sea-glories I purpose not here to dilate hauing already handled some of them but haue singled from the rest the actions of 88. 89. 96. and 97. praemising somthing as a Preface of the great deliuerances which God vouch safed that Virgin Queen That Church which is mystically called The woman drunken with the bloud of Saints had begun to persecute her from her birth Pope Clement the sixt decreeing against her Mothers mariage and Pope Paul the third thundring a terrible sentence against her Fathers Soueraigntie And although King Henry had first enacted against his daughters and after for them by Parliamentary authoritie yet when King Edward which vsed to call her his sweet sister Temperance was dead there wanted not some which extruded both the sisters and obtruded another succession Queene Mary dispersing that storme raised another wherein shee was exposed to the columnies of fairesoule-mouthed sycophants which would haue stained the reigne of that Queene otherwise branded as short bloudy vnfortunate with the slaughter of that Royall Virgin Story and others saying That in vaine the boughs of Heresie were lopped off if the Root were suffered to continue Long and straight imprisonment shee indâ—red and was forced by them to Masse Confession and externall profession of that Romish Catholiâ—â—sme which perhaps had not diuerted her enemies designe had not the peruersâ—st of her enemies Gardiner beene auerted by his owne death and had not also King Philip with the Spaniards enuied to the French so rich an Inheritance as by Queene M 〈…〉 death without â—ssue which could scarsly from her sicke and aged body be expect was likely to fall vpon Queene Mary of Scotland betrothed to the Dolphin of France whereby the Spanish greatnesse already embroyled enough was likely to bee ouermatched by the French increased with addition of three mightie Kingdomes Queene Mary dying and Cardinall Poole with many Prelates as it were attending her exequies with their owne with generall applause Shee was acknowledged Queen Her first care was to restore Religion notwithstanding the dangers thence incompassing her shee also reiected the mariage with King Philip whereof hee had treated with her by the Earle of Feria his Embassadour promising to procure thereunto the Popes dispensation neither admitted shee the offered match of Charles sonne to Ferdinand the Emperour and when Henry the French King by the Guisians was perswaded to challenge England to his sonne and daughter in law causing them to vse her title Francis Mary by the Grace of God King and Queene of Scotland England and Ireland and prepared Warres against her God tooke him out of the world being s 〈…〉 e at a Talt sport The new King and Queene continued their former challenge Title and Ensignes which gaue no small occasions of those euills which afterwards inuolued her breeding a great d 〈…〉 gust betwixt those two greatest Ladies which Christendome had both Heires to an absolute Souereigntie Shee expelled the French out of Scotland stablished the affaires of Ireland procured armour and weapons out of Germany caused much Artillery to bee cast of Brasse and Iron new Mynes of Brasse being sound at Keswicke and the stone Calammaris vsefull for Brasse-workes found here also prouision for Gunpowder was first at her commandement made here at home Barwicke fortified the Nauie furnished the Sea Townes imitating her example and increasing
that as throwes of a grieuous trauell they brought forth a Virgin both Truth to the Church and Queene to the State the one a fruitfull Mother to the soules the other to the wealth honour domesticke peace forraine victories and Nauall glorie of the English Nation This renowned Queene eight and thirty yeeres after vnable to alter that decree of the windes which now seemed themselues and forced Calis to become Spanish would try their windy fidelity in another expedition and prepared a strong Fleet to inuade the Spanish coast The charge whereof she committed to the Lord Robert Earle of Essex and the Lord Charles Howard Lord high Admirall of England who came vnto Plymmouth about the beginning of May 1596. being there accompanied with diuers other noble Peeres as the Earle of Sussex the Lord Thomas Howard the Lord Herbert the Lord Warden Sir Walter Raleigh the Lord Marshall Sir Francis Vere the Lord Burk Don Christopher yong Prince of Portugall yong Count Lodouick of Nassaw and the Admirall of the Hollanders Sir Iohn Vanderfoord besides many other most worthy Knights and Gentlemen of great worth attending vpon this most honorable Action It pleased them there to make their aboade for the time of that moneth aswell for the new furnishing and reuictualing of her Maiesties Royall Nauie as also for the expecting of some other ships which were to come from diuers places of the Realme and were as yet wanting Before their departure from Plymmouth it pleased their Lordships to publish in Print and make knowne to all the world especially to such as it concerned and that both in the Latine French Dutch English and Spanish tongue what were the true iust and vrgent causes that at this time prouoked her Maiestie to vndertake the preparing and setting forth of this so great a Nauie namely the King of Spaines preparations against her who had before whiles hee treated of peace Anno 1588. prepared to inuade her coast and now also to that purpose daily encreased his Nauie If therefore any should furnish the Spaniard with munition and prouisions they should expect what force could doe for all others of whatsoeuer Nation they aduised them to forsake the Spanish and Portugall Ports or to ioyne with the English for their owne security they hauing no quarrell in this designe but against the Spaniard Thus then all things being in a very good order and well appointed the most holy name of our Omnipotent God being most religiously and deuoutly called vpon ' and his blessed and sacred Communion being diuers times most reuerently and publikely celebrated being furnished with one hundred and fiftie good saile of ships or thereabout In the name of the most high and euerliuing God the first day of Iune they embarked themselues weighed Ancre and hoysed vp faile and put to Sea onward their iourney from the Sownds of Plymmouth to shew her Maiesties religious intendments in this exploit I haue thought good to adde here a Prayer made by her selfe as was reported and vsed as it was fitted for that designe MOst Omnipotent maker and guide of all our worlds masse that eâ—ely searchest and fadomest the bottome of all our hearts conceits and in them seest the true originals of all our actions intended thou that by thy foresight doest truely discerne how no malice of reuenge nor quittance of iniurie nor desire of bloudshed nor greedinesse of lucre hath bred the resolution of our nâ—w set out Army but a heedefull care and wary watch that no neglect of fees nor ouer-suretie of harme might breede either danger to vs or glory to them these being the grounds wherewith thou doest enspire the minde we humbly beseech thee with bended knees prosper the worke and with best forewindes guide the iourney speede the victory and make the returne the aduancement of thy glory the triumph of their f 〈…〉 e and surety to the Realme with the least losse of the English bloud To these deuout petitions Lord giue thou thy blessed grant The ninth of the same moneth comming something neere to the North Cape in a manner in the same altitude or not much differing which was about 43. degrees and something more yet bearing so as it was impossible to be descried from the land There it pleased the Lords to call a select Councell which was alwaies done by hanging out of a Flagge of the Armes of England and shooting off a great warning peece Of this select or priuie Counsell were no moe then these The two Lords Generall the Lord Thomas Howard the Lord Warden Sir Walter Raleigh the Lord Marshall Sir Francis Vere Sir George Cary Master of the Ordnance Sir Coniers Clifford and Sir Anthony Ashley Clarke of the said Counsell And when it pleased the Lords Generall to call a common Counsell as of tentimes they did vpon weighty matters best knowne to their honours then they would cause another kinde of Flag to be hanged out which was the red Crosse of S. George and was very easie to be discerned from the other that appertained onely to the select Counsell and so often as this Flag of S. George was hanged out then came all the Masters and Captaines of all the ships whose opinions were to be demanded in such matters as appertained vnto the said select Counsell It was presently concluded that our course in sailing should forthwith be altered and that we should beare more into the West for some purposes to them best knowne At that instant many Letters of instructions were addressed and sent to euery particular Master and Captaine of the Ships What the contents of those Letters of instructions were it was not as yet knowne vnto any neither was it held meete to be enquired or knowne of any of vs. But vnder the titles and superscriptions of euery mans particuler Letter these words were endorsed Open not these Letters on paine of your liues vnlesse wee chance to be scattered by tempest and in that case open them and execute the contents thereof but if by mishap you fall into your enemies hand then in any case cast them into the Sea sealed as they are It should seeme that these Letters did containe in them the principall place and meaning of this entended action which was hitherto by their deepe foresights kept so secret as no man to my knowledge eiâ—her did or could so much as suspect it more then themselues who had the onely managing thereof All this while our ships God be thanked kept in a most excellent good order being deuided into fiue squadrons that is to say The Earle of Essex the Lord Admirall the Lord Thomas Howard the Lord Warden Sir Walter Raleigh and the Admirall of the Hollanders All which squadrons albeit they did euery day separate themselues of purpose by the distance of certaine leagues as well to looke out for such ships as were happily vnder saile as also for the better procuring of Sea-roome yet alwayes commonly either that day or the next day toward euening they
seuen miles in circuit at the foot fashioned it is vpward like an Hiue and the top therof most commonly to be discerned within and aboue the clouds This Mountaine hath in it by report many great hollow Caues and deepe Vaults and it is credibly reported that oftentimes it breathes out flames and sparkes of fire as doth the Mountaine Aetna Also at the bottome of this Mountain towards the East there is a great Spring of Fresh-water which is seen many times to issue out flakes and stones of fire with great violence and of the number and bignesse of the stones that are throwne out by the force and source of this Spring and what huge workes they make of the multitudes of them they confidently doe tell strange wonders which I will neither affirme nor deny but leaue indifferent to credit as men list Fayall is so called of Faya which in the Portugues signifieth a Beech Tree wherewith that Iland is said to abound But yet I saw there more store of Iuniper and Cedar then of any other Wood or Timber For Aire and Soyle it is as pleasant and fruitfull as any of the other Ilands and in it are some fiue Townes with many pretie Villages and in this Iland there are yet remaining certaine families of the Flemish race Gratiosa is so called of the exceeding fruitfulnesse of the Soyle and pleasant temper of the Ayre Flores of the abundance of Flowers that grow in it Cueruo of the multitude of Rauens and Crowes breeding therein And that Iland doth also breed Horses Saint Maries Saint Georges and Saint Michaels were so called of those Saints names vpon whose dayes they were first discouered for such is the custome of many Nauigators and especially of the Spaniards and Portugues so to call those Landes that they first make by the Saints day and name wherein they are discouered And these three Ilands for temper and fruitfulnesse are suteable with the others But Saint Michael is the greatest of them all Tercera the strongest and Saint Maries the neerest to the Coast of Spaine But now as wee come neerer to our intended purpose for the better vnderstanding thereof I thinke it very necessary and pertinent somewhat to speake of the chiefe Commanders as well by Sea as by Land and also of the number of our Ships and Souldiers together with the proiect and designe of that iourney then vndertaken for the seruice of her late Maiestie and the Honour of our Nation It is therefore to be vnderstood that Robert Deuereux late Earle of Essex Master of the Horse and Ordnance and Knight of the Garter First commanded in chiefe as well Admirall of the Nauie by Sea as Generall of the Armie by Land His Vice-Admirall was the Lord Thomas Howard Knight of the same Order and second Sonne to the last Thomas Duke of Norfolke a Nobleman much honoured and beloued and of great experience in Sea seruice His Reare-Admirall was Sir Walter Raleigh Knight Captaine of her Maiesties Guard Lord Warden of the Stanneries and Lieftenant of Cornwall For the Land seruice his Leiftenant Generall was Sir Charles Blunt Lord Mountioy Knight of the Garter Gouernour of Portsmouth and a man in high fauour with her late Maiestie His Marshall of the Field was Sir Frauncis Vere Knight a great Souldier and Coronell Generall of the English Forces in the Low-Countries The Master of the Ordnance Sir George Carew Knight Leiftenant of the Ordnance of the Kingdome of England His Sergeant Maior Sir Ferdinando Gorges Knight Gouernour of the Forts of Plimouth The Coronell Generall of the Foot Sir Christopher Blunt Knight The Treasurer of the Armie Sir Hugh Biston Knight one of her Maiesties Receiuers Generall in the Principalities of Walles with all other Officers designed to places requisite that were needful by Land or Sea now too long to rehearse And yet of all the Noblemen I will as neere as I can record their names particularly but craue pardon if I faile in the precedencie of their places The Earles of Essex Rutland and Southampton the Lord Howard the Lord Audley the Lord Gray the Lord Mountioy the Lord Rich and the Lord Cromwell But the particular names of all the Land Captains that had charge I could neuer come to the knowledge of much lesse can I marshall them orderly in this discourse And therefore I will passe to the number of the Ships in generall and therein name some particulars of the chiefe and principall Vessells of the Royall Nauie with their Captaines The whole Nauie which was diuided into three Squadrons viz. The Admirall his Squadron The Vice-Admirall his Squadron and the Reare-Admirall his Squadron consisted of 120. sayle or thereabout whereof sixtie were good men of Warre and gallant Ships the rest Victuallers and Ships of Transportation Of her Maiesties owne Ships the number was eighteene or nineteene and these were their names The Merhoneur Admirall whereof Sir Robert Mansfield was Captaine The Due Repulse Vice-Admirall whereof Master Middleton was Captaine The Wast Spite Reare-Admirall whereof my selfe was Captaine The Garland the Earle of Southampton commanded The Defiance wherein the Lord Mountioy was shipped had for Captaine Sir Amias Preston The Saint Mathew to Sir George Carew Master of the Ordnance The Mary Rose to Sir Francis Vere Marshall whose Captaine was M. Iohn Winter The Dread-nought Sir William Brooke was Captaine of The Nonparellia Sir Richard Luson was Captaine of The Bonouenture Sir William Haruey was Captaine of The Antelope Sir Thomas Vauisâ—r was Captain of The Rainbow Sir William Mounson was Captaine of The Swiftsure Sir Gilly Mericke was Captain of The Golden Lion was sent after for a supply The Hope whereof was Captain The Foresight whereof Sir Carew Reignall was Captaine The Saint Andrew whereof Master Marcellus Throckmorton was Captain The Tramontana whereof young Master Fenner was Captain The Moone whereof Sir Edward Michelboorne was Captaine Besides that there were some other of her Maiesties small Pinnaces that attended the Fleet. The residue or the Fleet aforenamed consisted of the best shipping of London and other Port-Townes of the Kingdome with sundry stout Vestells belonging to some Lords and Gentlemen that were Aduenturers in this Voyage There were also added to this Nauie tenne sayle of good men of Warre sent from the States of the Low-Countries to attend her Maiesties Fleet in this seruice vnder the conduct of one Mounsier de Duneincorde well manned and furnished The Land Army besides Saylers that might be afforded and spared vpon occasion of landing consisted of six thousand able men well appointed with ten Peeces of Artillery for the Field and Battery with all necessary Vtensils fit for them The proportion of victuals was for four months at large allowance double apparell both for Souldier's and Mariners In this Armie there went Knights Captaines and Gentlemen voluntaries fiue hundred at the least as gallant parsonages and as brauely furnished as euer the
reason why we resolued to master and waste all these Islands was because 〈◊〉 was determined by the Generall to attempt the Tercera it selfe which enterprise was put off because the Reare-admirall and with him twenty or thirty saile were wanting But being now contrary to all expectation and to many mens hopes arriued this resolution receiued a second life but it was first thought necessary to take from them and to helpe our selues with all the victuals and other commodities that those Islands could affoord For the performance of which with the more speede we diuided our selues into foure Companies as before written But surely the fortune of those poore wretches was lamentable that fell into the Flemmings hands for I thinke no people on the earth can vse lesse mercy or greater insolencies then they doe in all the places that they maister which are subiect to the Spanish Gouernment and yet I must say truely for them that the Spaniards againe haue vsed such tyrannie and outrage in their iurisdictions ouer that industrious people as hath well merited their irreconcileable malice and withall hath cost the Spanish King many millions of Ducates besides the life of many a proud Castilian since the Execution of the Counts Egmount and Horne And it is very admirable to see what heart and courage those Netherlanders are now growne vnto and how powerfully three or foure little Prouinees doe resist the forces of that mightie King that keepes Millaine Naples and Sicill in great bondage in despight of all the Italians who doe thinke themselues for valour and for policie the Minions of the Earth and yet bow their neckes to the Spanish yoake After this consultation for taking in of the Islands as aforesaid and leaue giuen vnto vs and our consorts to water with all the speede we could at Flores we hauing prepared our Caske and all things in a readinesse to bring our fresh water aboord about midnight being the sixteenth of September there came vnto vs from our Generall Captaine Arthur Champernowne with this message That my Lord Generall was borne vp for Fyall and ment presently to take it in and therefore willed vs with all speede to follow him instantly and though wee could not ouertake him yet at least to finde him there so soone as we could and the same word was likewise deliuered to Sir William Brooke and the rest that lay there to water And further our Generall sent vs word that we should supply all our wants of water and fresh victuals at Fayall And this night as we rode at ancor â—â—fore Flores we saw another Rainebow by the Moone light as before and after the samo manner which contrary to Plinies report of Aristotels opinion was seene though not at a full Moone for the other was so seene some seuen dayes before in the which space there could not be two full Moones Vpon this Message brought by Captaine Champernowne we forbare watering and hasted all we could to weigh our anchors and to follow our Generall And therefore gaue a warning peece or two to our Consorts before wee departed and afterwards pack'd on all the sailes we could make to follow our Generall whom we could not ouertake nor finde The next morning we made Fayall and entred the roade and there missed of him also contrary to our hopes and to our great discontent Whereat we could not but greatly maruell because when he sent for vs he was six leagues neerer it then we were and besides set saile towards it sixe or eight houres before vs. Being arriued in the roade wee beheld before our eyes a very fine Towne pleasantly seated alongst the shoare side from whence presently vpon the sight of our entrance into the roade they began to packe away with bag and baggage all they could with carriages of Horses and Carts Women Children Friers and Nunnes and so continued in transporting all vp into the Countrey for two dayes together There was besides a strong Fort at one end of the Town and another on the top of a very high Mountain neere adioyning by nature very vnaccessible and steepe and artificially fenced with Flanckers Rampiers and Ditch and in it six Peeces of great Artillerie mounted vpon carriages and two hundred Spaniards in garrison beside others of the Island These made certaine shot at our Ships as they anchored in the roade but did not much harme and set vp a great red Auncient for vs to gaze at Besides there were presently sent six Companies with their Colours to intrench themselues vpon the shoare side to impeach our landing Hereupon our Reare Admirall in his Barge accompanied with my selfe onely and Captaine Morgan rowed close aboord the high Fort and all alongst the shoare side to wards the Towne to see what fit place there was to make a discent against our Generals comming From whence we were saluted with diuers musket shot that missed vs but narrowly by good fortune for we vndiscreetly had with vs neitheir Targets nor Armors but wished for them when it was to late And therefore as well by that experience as also by others in the same iourney that I saw at our landing vpon a fortified trench I saw it to be but an idle and vnseruiceable brauery for men that are to doe seruice to expose their vnarmed bodies and limbs to the mercy of a Musket or the push of a Pike whereby they can neither with that abilitie nor resolution prosecute that they haue in hand nor yet so well preserue themselues as they ought to doe for the bettering of their attempts Besides out of a Christian regard they should not desperately cast away themselues or carelesly spill their owne bloud and the liues of many others by such brauing and foolish examples This night as we roade in the Harbour there swomme aboord vs from the Towne two Portugals that discouered vnto vs many things greatly encouraging vs to this exploit And of this we may bouldly take knowledge that the Portugals and Inhabitants of those Islands doe infinitely hate and malice the Spaniards and their Gouernment and would no doubt free themselues thereof gladly if they were sure to fall vnder any other Gouernment that were able to protect them from the Spaniards And therefore if any powerfull Monarch or State did attempt it they should not be troubled as with a Conquest for all the Inhabitants would soone be perswaded to reuolt and take part with the inuaders for the aduancing of that businesse While we thus expected our Generall in vaine to our no little maruell that thought he had bin there before vs according to Captaine Champernownes report the winde being as good then for him as for vs our Reare Admirall called a counsell of many Captaines and Officers that were come thither by order to consult of the taking of the Towne if our Generall came not thinking it a great shame and pittie to let slip so faire a pray so neere at hand without attempting it in
time before they had carried all away Besides a great scorne and disgrace wee should doe our selues to enterprise nothing vpon them that had begun the warres shooting first at vs as we roade at ancor and then after their bringing downe to the water side so many Auncients did proudly as it were inuite vs to assaile them if we durst hauing withall hung out a red Flagge of defiance from the top of the high Fort. The hope of the wealth of this good Towne and the ransoming of Houses and Prisoners together with those brauadoes which they shewed did so set on fire all our Mariners and Souldiers as that they began to mutine and raile on the Reare Admirall and at all the Commanders there taxing them for these delaies as not daring to attempt the taking thereof Besides they were the more eagerly set vpon the spoile and gaining of this Towne and Fort for that they saw no great likelihood of benefit by this Voyage but what was gotten ashoare in the Islands In conclusion albeit we heard no newes of our Generall in two dayes more expectation yet at the counsell of Captaines which our Reare Admirall had assembled some of them varied much from the common desire and would by no meanes assent to the landing without my Lord Generall his knowledge And of this opinion was Sir Guilly Mericke Sir Nicholas Parker and some other Captaines Our Reare Admirall with Sir William Brooke my selfe Sir William Haruey and other Gentlemen and Commanders of our Reare Admirall his Squadron called to this consulation were of a contrary opinion iudging that my Lord Generall would repute vs but Idlers and Cowards to lye so long before so good a Towne with so many Ships and men and to doe nothing in his absence seeing them hourely before our eyes so fast to carry and packe away their goods and wealth And this was also 〈…〉 e common opinion and b 〈…〉 te as well of the multitude as of the Low Countrie Captaines But yet the violent and earnest perswasions of Sir Guillie Merricke did so preuaile with vs vrging our obedience and duetie to our Generall as that we staied from the Enterprise at that time and expected our Generals comming one day longer especially for that they perswaded vs if his Lordship came not the next day then themselues would also land with vs. Which when we had also expected in vain and the winde changing somewhat vnfit for that Roade our Reare Admirall and diuers of his Squadron and many other of the Ships following him weied and coasted about the point to the North-west side of the Island some foure miles further from the Towne then we were before and there let fall our ancors being then a better Roade then the first as the winde was changed But Sir Guillie Merricke with some fiue or sixe Ships of his consorts staied still in the first Roade and would not budge When we had in this sort changed our Roade and being now the fourth day of our arriuall before Fayall which was not aboue a daies sailing from the place from whence our Generall sent for vs wee might see before vs a very fine and pleasant Countrie full of little Villages and fruitfull fields and therefore we much desired to refresh our selues aland there with victuals and water as our Generall had promised we should doe when we came to Fayall and as diuers others had done before vs at Flores and as we had then but that we were called away to Fayall by Captaine Champernownes sodaine message from the Generall as was aforesaid And in truth we were in great want of fresh water which we had not renued since our setting out from Plimouth All these occasions considered and we being now retired from the Towne and Forts we all resolued that wee might without offence with a few of our owne men goe ashoare and refresh our selues and seeke for water whereupon we manned a Barge a long Boate and a Pinnace with threescore Muskets and forty Pikes rather to guard our selues in our landing and watering with discretion then expecting any encounter or resistance from the Towne or Forts on the other side of the Island But our men were no sooner placed in our Boates and all things ordered and we ready to put off from the Ships side but we might discouer sixe Auncients of foote and some dosen Horsemen comming on a speedy march from the Towne and Forts directly towards the place where wee were to make our discent for from one side of the high Fort on the Mountaine they might also ouerlooke vs where our ships roade and discouer all our preparation When we had a while aduised of this new Brauado that they went about and saw them still to come on faster with so many strong companies of men or at the least the bodies of men furnished with womens hearts and had made such haste as that they possessed themselues of the Trenches and Flankers where we were to land and there had placed their Companies and Collors attending our approach as they made shew by wauing their Swords and displaying their Auncients in great brauery for doubtlesse they thought we feard to land in their faces because we lay so long before the Town and neuer attempted any thing and were so shrunke aside off after they had prouoked vs so with great shot and many other affronts we seeing that pâ—â—portion of an hundred men prouided onely to guard our watering to be too few to assault and win a landing vpon so many in a place of so great disaduantage and yet disdaining to goe backe or make any shew of feare our Reare Admirall in his Barge rowed to Sir William Brookes Ship and to Sir William Harueyes and desired them and some other Sea Captaines to accompany him in landing with such men as conueniently they could furnish For said he seeing these Spaniards and Portugals are so gallant to seeke and follow vs and to keepe vs from watering wee will try our fortunes with them and either win our landing or gaine a beating Sir William Brooke Sir William Haruey and some others very willingly assented and presently there were made ready with shot and Pike one hundred and sixtie men more in Boates. And after this our Reare Admirall rowing by Captaine Bret Sidney White Berry and other Captaines of the Low Countrie Souldiers that were there abrood in other Ships they all cried out to take them and their companies with them assuring him that if he aduentured to land with Mariners and with his owne attendants without some Companies of Land Souldiers hee would receiue a disgrace He answered that he durst not take any of my Lord Generall his company of the Low Countries no knowing in what seruice he ment to vse them but he was resolued with the Gentlemen and company of his owne Squadron first to make a discent and then to call them and send Boates for them if he proceeded any further and that neither my Lord Generall nor
time to be his Guides and to will him presently to march on with his Troopes towards the Towne after vs and that we would stay for them because we then looked to be fought withall or at the least to haue some little sally or bickering out of the Fort at the Towns end which we must needes passe by before we could come to the Town This was a very fine fortification all of stone worke with curtaine flankers and ditch very artificially cast but presently vpon our approach they abandoned it and in our passing by we entred into it and found that they had newly forsaken the place The like did they afterwards from the Towne and were all fled vp into the Countrie and into the Mountaines sauing those two hundred that were garrisoned in the high Fort. The Towne was emptied and left very bare of all things but of such wares as could not suddenly be remoued which was Wine Salt and Corne whereof they left a little store for our refreshing The rest of our Troopes by this time were now come on very neere to the Towne but there were some fiue and twentie of them shot and some seuen or eight slaine in the passage And in this manner we did afterwards enter the Town very peaceably which was a pleasant place built all of Stone and couered with Tile and full of fine Gardens Orchards and Wels of delicate waters with faire Streets and one very faire Church and also a Nunnery and a Fryerie It is in bignesse about the proportion of Plymouth or Yarmouth but seated much like Douer Town This Island is of late yeeres become very watchfull and the people more growne to the vse of fit armes and haue for their defence erected this new fortification on the high hill with a Garrison of two hundred Spaniards in it For not long before it had bin very gallantly surprised and as I thinke sacked and ransomed by the right Honorable George Clifforld Earle of Comberland a noble Gentleman that had often exposed both his purse and his person to his great honour and experience in those Seafaring Aduentures And presently vpon our entrance we made Barricadoes placed good Guards in diuers parts and a strong Corps de Guard in the Market place For the town being vnwalled we were to suspect that if we lay there open and carelesly refreshing our selues and our souldiers scattered abroad in seeking for victuals we might easily be surprised without good order and directions giuen before we fell to our repast or rest But this order being first performed then were others at better liberty to search safely for bootie Therefore Proclamation was made that vpon paine of death none should straggle twenty score without the Towne and that not without the knowledge and leaue of an Officer and then to goe vpon their guard with fit weapon and company Hauing now refreshed and reposed our selues all night without any trouble more then two false alarmes that were giuen vpon the sight of diuers of the inhabitants that approached towards the Towne to view the manner of our dealings with their buildings which proued nothing but mistrust of the worst for which all things were well prouided to withstand the enemy the next morning being the 22. of September euen with the day breake we might see our Generall with his Fleete at hand bearing in with all sailes towards the Roade of Fayall who all this while had bin beating vp and down the Seas looking about for the Adelantado and other Aduentures Vpon his arriuall our intent for attempting the high Fort was frustrated and all our proceedings in Fayall were by Sir Guillie Merricke at large related vnto our Generall and so aggrauated and wrested into an euill sense by him Sit Christopher Blunt Sir Anthony Sherly and others by putting my Lord in the head that these parts were plaied by the Reare Admirall onely to steale honor reputation from him and to set his owne forwardnesse to the view of the world which intimation of theirs was an exception that they know our Generall was very apt of his owne disposition to take hold of being a man that did affect nothing in the world so much as Fame and to be reputed matchlesse for magnanimitie and vndertaking and could hardly indure any that should obscure his glory in that kinde though otherwise he fauoured them neuer so much And that this is true those that vnderstand his humour best cannot iustly deny The which I protest I doe not speake either out of any neglect of one that is dead or to picke a thanke of any that lines but simply out of a resolution to write an vnpartiall truth or else to be silent For those spirits that base flattery or seruile feare doth transport in fashioning their Histories are of all others to be reputed the vnworthiest and most pernicious in a well-pollicied Common wealth For wee see that those Heathens which haue written the stories of Cyrus Pyrrhus Alexander Haniball Scipio Caesar and of all other those great Kings renouned Heroes do as well taxe them for their vices as glorifie them for their vertues For who liues without fault And so sincerly boldly do they follow the truth in their writings as that they are therby freed from malice or reuenge because they are free from all partiaelitie or if any spleen arise yet it is secret for the prosecution of such sinceritie is reputed meere impieâ—â—e in all sorts and flat Tyrannie in Princes And to conclude this impotent humor of induring riuality and other mens praises is very incident to men in high places especially if they be of great courage or tickled with Ambition It was be â—des alleadged that the presumption and scorne to land such Forces without his Lordships leaue was not to be passed ouer without seuere punishment and a Marshall Court fit to be called to censure the offence and breach of order and discipline with many other as bitter arguments and deuises as their wits could compasse to aggrauate the Generals wrath against all that were in this Action and especially the Reare Admirall Against whom they spared not so farre to inueigh as that they gaue it out that he was well worthy to loose his head for his labour And so had they inueighed the Generall against vs all as that all the forenoone was spent in reprehending and displacing all the Land Captaines and Officers that accompanied the Reate Admirall in that Action who being sent for to answere before the Generall aboord his ship was before the Messenger came for him gone in his Barge to see the Generall and to guide him to the Land not so much as suspecting that any thing had bin ill taken for that matter but rather looking for great thankes at the Generall his hands But so soone as he entred the Generals ship he found all mens countenances estranged as he passed through them And when he was entred into the
plunges by reason of a high going Sea which breaketh vpon the flats and shoalds especially at the next great Cape to the North of Arraway which in respect of the danger they passed there they named Point Perillous Then their Discouery vp the Riuer was fiftie leagues more where they found a Nation of Indians which neuer had seene white men or Christians before and could not be drawne to any familiar commerce or conuersation no not so much as with our Indians because they were strangers to them and of another Nation The Discouery of this Riuer is of great importance and speciall note affoording an entrance more behouefull for the searching and Discouery of the Inland parts of Guiana then any other Riuer yet knowne vpon the Coast for trending Westward vp into the Land it discouereth all the Countreyes and Nations to the Southward of Arricary Cooshebery Morrownia and Norrack which I haue mentioned before Many weekes they spent in this Aduenture still taking vp their Lodgings in the Woods at night Prouision of meate they wanted not for fish were euer plenty and at hand and the Woods yeelded either Deere Tigres or Fowle their greatest want was of bread and drinke which onely defect did hinder at that time the accomplishment of that Discouery For when the Indians perceiued their bread to be neere spent and their drinke to be corrupted they could not be perswaded to proceed hauing no meanes to supply their wants amongst the Arrawaries the Indians of that Riuer who would not freely trade with them vpon this first acquaintance but alwayes stood vpon their guard on the other side of the Riuer where they inhabited yet desiring to obtaine some of our English commodities and make triall of our Indians friendship affoorded some small Trade for their present reliefe during their abode in that Riuer So that of force they were constrained to breake off their Discouerie and hasten homeward But here their dangers ended not for as they returned arriuing at certaine Ilands called Carripoory and passing betweene them and the mayne Land much against the wils of all the Indians who knowing the danger of the place and more respecting their safetie then their owne being themselues all expert Swimmers would haue disswaded them from that hazard but they being ignorant of the perill would needs passe on and at the last met with such a Boore as the Seamen terme it and violent encounter of two tydes comming in which like two furious inraged Rammes or Bulles rushed together and oft retired backe to returne againe with greater violence vntill the one by force had ouer-borne the other that if next vnder God the diligent care and paines of the Indians had not preserued them they had been there destroyed and swallowed vp by that mercilesse Boore or breach of waters which God be thanked they escaped and returned home in safetie When I had as before taken possession at Gomeribo in presence of the said parties I deliuered the possession of that Mountaine to my Indian Anthony Canabre To haue hold possesse and enioy the same to him and to his Heires for euer of our Souereigne Lord King Iames his Heires and Successors as his subiect Yeelding and paying yeerely the tenth part of all Tabacco Cotton-wooll Annoto and other commodities whatsoeuer which should hereafter be either planted or growing within the said Mountaine if it were demanded The Indian most gladly receiued the possession vpon these conditions and for himselfe and his posteritie did promise to bee true Subiects vnto the Kings Maiestie his Heires and Successours And to pay the duties imposed vpon them and so that businesse being finished I returned againe to Wiapoco Now most worthy Prince there came vnto my knowledge an inconuenience happened by the carelesse negligence of the Master of my ship who had the charge of prouiding and laying in the prouisions and victuals for the Voyage which was the cause that I gained no present profit by it but left off all my Discoueries in the first beginning I had a purpose at that time to performe a businesse which might haue proued profitable and honourable vnto vs if I had beene able to haue stayed the time but it was not my chance to bee so fortunate for the Master his Mates and the Steward of my Ship came vnto me and told mee plainly that if I made any longer abode in that Countrey I would neuer in those ships returne into England or if I did aduenture it my selfe and all my Company would starue at Sea for want of Beere Syder and Water for all my Caske was spoyled because it was not Iron-bound the woodden hoopes flew off by reason of the heate of the Climate and our Beere and Syder whereof wee had good store did leake about the ship that we could hardly saue sufficient to releeue vs if wee made a longer stay vpon the Coast which was the Masters fault hauing had a speciall charge to be carefull of that onely point By this default I was constrained to make a vertue of necessitie and prepare my selfe for England and leaue my former purposes to be accomplished hereafter which shall be done God aiding me in time conuenient Then disposing of my company I appointed my Brother Captaine Michael Harecourt to remayne in the Countrey as chiefe Commander in my absence and to continue the possession on the Kings behalfe I gaue him directions to trauell abroad as occasion serued to discouer the Countrey to spend sometime at Cooshebery and sometime also in other places but to make his chiefest residence at Wiapoco the onely Rendeuouz for shippes that trade vpon that Coast and there to plant good store of Maix for our releife of bread and drinke which is the chiefest thing to be respected in those parts for other victuals wee need not take much care being alwayes easily prouided He performed his charge with great reputation discouered many goodly Prouinces and spacious Countreyes and worthily continued the possession full three yeeres compleate I left with him for his assistance Captaine Haruey who hath nobly vowed his time and fortune to be employed in the prosecution of this honourable action For his Lieutenant I appointed Master Edward Gifford a valiant and worthy Gentleman and I left also with him of Gentlemen and others about twentie more with all such necessaries as I could spare and thought conuenient for them and so commending them to God the eighteenth day of August I departed from Wiapoco and the day following arriued at Caiane At my comming to Caiane my Pinnasse receiued a leake which would haue proued dangerous if we had beene farre at Sea whereby enforced to attend the stopping thereof and new trimming of the Pinnasse and vnwilling to be idle in the meane space doing nothing I left my ships there to repaire theire defects and in my ship-boate departed thence the twentie three of August taking with me Captaine Fisher who hath euer beene since
Mussaneekes young beasts or such like Commodities as to exchange them with the Saylers for Butter Cheese Beefe Porke Aquauitae Beere Bisket and Oate-meale and then faine that all was sent them from their friends And though Uirginia affoord no Furres for the store yet one Mariner in one Voyage hath got so many as he hath confessed to haue sold in England for thirtie pound And for all this riot and Newports boasting to leaue vs for twelue monethes though we had eightie nine by his Discouerie sicke and lame which by one man for a pound of Copper might much better haue beene done and hauing but a pint of Corne a day for a man we were constrained to giue him three Hogsheads of that Corne to victuall his ship homeward Those are the Saint-seeming Worthies of Uirginia that haue notwithstanding all this meat drinke and pay but now they beginne to grow wearie their Trade beeing both perceiued and preuented none hath beene in Uirginia that hath obserued any thing which knowes not this to be true and yet the scorne and shame was the poore Souldiers Gentlemen and carelesse Gouernours who were all thus bought and sold the Aduenturers coozened and the action ouerthrowne by their false excuses informations and directions by this let all the World Iudge how this businesse could prosper being thus abused by such pilfering occasions The proceedings and accidents with the second supply Master Scriuener was sent with the Barges and Pinnace to Werawocomoco where he found the Sauages more readie to fight then trade but his vigilancie was such as preuented their proiects and by the meanes of Namontack got three or foure Hogsheads of Corne and as much red paint which then was esteemed an excellent die Captaine Newport being dispatched with the tryals of Pitch Tarre Glasse Frankincense and Sope-ashes with that Clapboord and Wainscot which could bee prouided met with Master Scriuener at Point Comfort and so returned for England leauing vs in all two hundred with those he brought vs Those poore conclusions so affrighted vs all with famine that the President prouided for Nansamund tooke with him Captaine Winne and Master Scriuener then returning from Captaine Newport these people also long denied him Trade excusing themselues to be so commanded by Powhatan till we were constrained to begin with them perforce and then they would rather sell vs some then we should take all so loading our Boats with one hundred bushels wee parted friends and came to Iames Towne at which time there was a Marriage betweene Iohn Laydon and Anna Burrowes being the first Marriage we had in Virginia Long he stayed not but fitting himselfe and Captaine VValdo with two Barges from Chawopo VVeanocke and all parts there was found neither Corne nor Sauage but all fled being iealous of our intents till we discouered the Riuer and people of Appametuck where we found little that which they had wee equally deuided betwixt the Sauages and vs but gaue them Coppâ—r in consideration Master Percie and Master Scriuener went also abroad but could finde nothing The President seeing this procrastinating of time was no course to liue resolued with Captaine VValdo whom he knew to be sure in time of need to surprize Powhatan and all his prouision but Captaine VVinne and Master Scriuener for some priuate respects did their best to hinder their proiect But the President whom no perswasions could perswade to starue being inuited by Powhatan to come vnto him and if he would send him but men to build him a house bring him a Grindstone fiftie Swords some Peeces a Cocke and a Henne with Copper and Beads he would load his ship with Corne the President not ignorant of his deuices yet vnwilling to neglect any opportunitie presently sent three Dutchmen and two English hauing no victuals to imploy them all for want thereof being idle knowing there needed no better Castell then that house to surprize Powhatan to effect this proiect hee tooke order with Captaine Waldo to second him if need required Scriuener he left his Substitute and set forth with the Pinnace two Barges and sixe and fortie men which only were such as voluntarily offered themselues for his iournie the which by reason of Master Scriueners ill successe was censured very desperate they all knowing Smith would not returne emptie howsoeuer caused many of those that he had appointed to find excuses to stay behind THe nine and twentieth of December hee set forward for Werawocomoco In the Pinnace Master George Percie brother to the Earle of Northumberland Master Francis West brother to the Lord De-la-Ware William Phetiplace Captaine of the Pinnace Ionaâ— Profit Master Robert Ford Clerke of the Councell Michaell Phetiplace Geoffâ—ry Abbot Sergeant William Tankard George Yarington Iames Bourne George Burton Thomas Coe Gentlemen Iohn Dods Edward Brinton Nathaniell Peacocke Henry Powell Dauid Ellis Thomas Gipson Iohn Prat. George Acrigge Iames Reade Nicholas Hancocke Iames Watkins Anthony Baggly Sergeant Thomas Lambert Edward Pising Sergeant Souldiers Foure Dutchmen and Richard Sauage were sent by Land to build the house for Powhatan against our arriuall This company being victualled but for three or foure dayes lodged the first night at Weraâ—koyack where the President tooke sufficient prouision This kinde Sauage did his best to diuert him from seeing Powhatan but perceiuing hee could not preuaile hee aduised in this manner Captaine Smith you shall find Powhatan to vse you kindly but trust him not and be sure he haue no opportunitie to seize on your armes for he hath sent for you only to cut your throts the Captaine thanked him for his good counsell yet the better to try his loue desired Guides to Chowaâ—oke for hee would send a present to that King to bind him his friend To performe this Iourney was sent Michael Sicklemore a very honest valiant and painfull Souldier with him two Guides and directions how to search for the lost company of Sir Walter Rawleigh and Silke Grasse then wee departed thence the President assuring the King his perpetuall loue and left with him Samuell Collier his Page to learne the Language The next night being lodged at Kecoughtan sixe or seuen dayes the extreme wind raine frost and snow caused vs to keepe Christmasse amongst the Sauages where we were neuer more merrie nor fed on more plentie of good Oysters Fish Flesh Wild-foule and good Bread nor neuer had better fires in England then in the dry warme smokie houses of Kecoughtan But departing thence when we found no houses we were not curious in any weather to lie three or foure nights together vpon any shore vnder the Trees by a good fire The President Anthony Bagly and Edward Pising did kill one hundred fortie and eight Fowles at three shootes At Kiskiack the Frost forced vs three or foure dayes also to suppresse the insolencie of those proud Sauages to quarter in their houses and guard our Barge and cause them giue vs what we wanted yet were wee but
and fiftie leagues distant from the West Indies in crossing the Gulfe of Bahoma there hapned a most terrible and vehement storme which was a taile of the West Indian Horacano this tempest seperated all our Fleet one from another and it was so violent that men could scarce stand vpon the Deckes neither could any man heare another speake being thus diuided euery man steered his owne course and as it fell out about fiue or sixe dayes after the storme ceased which endure fortie foure houres in extremitie The Lion first and after the Falcon and the Vnitie got sight of our Shippe and so we lay a way directly for Virginia finding neither current nor winde opposite as some haue reported to the great charge of our Counsell and Aduenturers The Vnity was sore distressed when she came vp with vs for of seuenty land men she had not ten sound and all her Sea men were downe but onely the Master and his Boy with one poore sailer but we relieued them and we foure consorting fell into the Kings Riuer haply the eleuenth of August In the Vnity were borne two children at Sea but both died being both Boyes When wee came to Iames Towne we found a Ship which had bin there in the Riuer a moneth before we came this was sent out of England by our Counsels leaue and authority to fish for Sturgeon and to goe the ready way without tracing through the Torrid Zoan and shee performed it her Commander was Captaine Argoll a good Marriner and a very ciuill Gentleman and her Master one Robert Tindall The people of our Colonie were found all in health for the most part howbeit when Captaine Argoll came in they were in such distresse for many were dispersed in the Sauages townes liuing vpon their almes for an ounce of Copper a day and fourescore liued twenty miles from the Fort and fed vpon nothing but Oysters eight weekes space hauing no other allowance at all neither were the people of the Country able to relieue them if they would Whereupon Captaine Newport and others haue beene much to blame to informe the Counsell of such plenty of victuall in this Country by which meanes they haue beene slacke in this supply to giue conuenient content Vpon this you that be aduenturers must pardon vs if you finde not returne of Commodity so ample as you may expect because the law of nature bids vs seeke sustenance first and then to labour to content you afterwards But vpon this point I shall be more large in my next Letter After our foure Ships had bin in harbour a few dayes came in the Viceadmirall hauing cut her maine Most ouer boord and had many of her men very sicke and weake but she could tell no newes of our Gouernour and some three or foure dayes after her came in the Swallow with her maine Mast ouerboord also and had a shrewd leake neither did she see our Admirall Now did we all lament much the absence of our Gouernour for contentions began to grow and factions and partakings c. Insomuch as the President to strengthen his authority accorded with the Mariners and gaue not any due respect to many worthy Gentlemen that came in our Ships whereupon they generally hauing also my consent chose Master West my Lord de la Wars brother to be their Gouernour or president de bene esse in the absence of Sir Thomas Gates or if he miscarried by Sea then to continue till we heard newes from our Counsell in England This choice of him they made not to disturbe the old President during his time but as his authority expired then to take vpon him the sole gouenment with such assistants of the Captaines as discreetest persons as the Colonie afforded Perhaps you shall haue it blazoned a mutenie by such as retaine old malice but Master West Master Percie and all the respected Gentlemen of worth in Virginia can and will testifie otherwise vpon their oathes For the Kings Patent we ratified but refused to be gouerned by the President that now is after his time was expired and onely subiected our selues to Master West whom we labour to haue next President I cannot certifie you of much more as yet vntill we grow to some certaine stay in this our state but by the other Ships you shall know more So with my harty commendations I cease From Iames Towne this last of Angust 1609. CHAP. VI. A true reportory of the wracke and redemption of Sir THOMAS GATES Knight vpon and from the Ilands of the Bermudas his comming to Virginia and the estate of that Colonie then and after vnder the gouernment of the Lord LA WARRE Iuly 15. 1610. written by WILLIAM STRACHY Esquire §. I. A most dreadfull Tempest the manifold deaths whereof are here to the life described their wracke on Bermuda and the description of those Ilands EXcellent Lady know that vpon Friday late in the euening we brake ground out of the Sound of Plymouth our whole Fleete then consisting of seuen good Ships and two Pinnaces all which from the said second of Iune vnto the twenty three of Iuly kept in friendly consort together not a whole watch at any time loosing the sight each of other Our course when we came about the height of betweene 26. and 27. degrees we declined to the Northward and according to our Gouernours instructions altered the trade and ordinary way vsed heretofore by Dominico and Meuis in the West Indies and found the winde to this course indeede as friendly as in the iudgement of all Sea-men it is vpon a more direct line and by Sir George Summers our Admirall had bin likewise in former time sailed being a Gentleman of approued assurednesse and ready knowledge in Sea-faring actions hauing often carried command and chiefe charge in many Ships Royall of her Maiesties and in sundry Voyages made many defeats and attempts in the time of the Spaniards quarrelling with vs vpon the Ilands and Indies c. We had followed this course so long as now we were within seuen or eight dayes at the most by Cap Newports reckoning of making Cape Henry vpon the coast of Virginia When on S. Iames his day Iuly 24. being Monday preparing for no lesse all the blacke night before the cloudes gathering thicke vpon vs and the windes singing and whistling most vnusually which made vs to cast off our Pinnace towing the same vntill then asterne a dreadfull storme and hideous began to blow from out the North-east which swelling and roaring as it were by â—â—ts some houres with more violence then others at length did beate all light from heauen which like an hell of darkenesse turned blacke vpon vs so much the more fuller of horror as in such cases horror and feare vse to ouerrunne the troubled and ouermastered sences of all which taken vp with amazement the eares lay so sensible to the terrible cries and murmurs of the
waited on to his house in the same manner And thus inclosed as I said round with a Pallizado of Planckes and strong Posts foure foote deepe in the ground of yong Oakes Walnuts c. The Fort is called in honour of his Maiesties name Iames Towne the principall Gate from the Towne through the Pallizado opens to the Riuer as at each Bulwarke there is a Gate likewise to goe forth and at euery Gate a Demi-Culuerin and so in the Market Place The houses first raised were all burnt by a casualty of fire the beginning of the second yeare of their seate and in the second Voyage of Captain Newport which since haue bin better rebuilded though as yet in no great vniformity either for the fashion or beauty of the streete A delicate wrought fine kinde of Mat the Indians make with which as they can be trucked for or snatched vp our people do dresse their chambers and inward roomes which make their houses so much the more handsome The houses haue wide and large Country Chimnies in the which is to be supposed in such plenty of wood what fires are maintained and they haue found the way to couer their houses now as the Indians with barkes of Trees as durable and as good proofe against stormes and winter weather as the best Tyle defending likewise the piercing Sunbeames of Summer and keeping the inner lodgings coole enough which before in sultry weather would be like Stoues whilest they were as at first pargetted and plaistered with Bitumen or tough Clay and thus armed for the iniury of changing times and seasons of the yeare we hold our selues well apaid though wanting Arras Hangings Tapistry and guilded Venetian Cordouan or more spruse houshold garniture and wanton City ornaments remembring the old Epigraph We dwell not here to build vs Bowers And Hals for pleasure and good cheere But Hals we build for vs and ours To dwell in them whilst we liue here True it is I may not excuse this our Fort or Iames Towne as yet seated in somewhat an vnwholesome and sickly ayre by reason it is in a marish ground low flat to the Riuer and hath no fresh water Springs seruing the Towne but what wee drew from a Well sixe or seuen fathom deepe fed by the brackish Riuer owzing into it from whence I verily beleeue the chiefe causes haue proceeded of many diseases and sicknesses which haue happened to our people who are indeede strangely afflicted with Fluxes and Agues and euery particular season by the relation of the old inhabitants hath his particular infirmity too all which if it had bin our fortunes to haue seated vpon some hill accommodated with fresh Springs and cleere ayre as doe the Natiues of the Country we might haue I beleeue well escaped and some experience we haue to perswade our selues that it may be so for of foure hundred and odde men which were seated at the Fals the last yeere when the Fleete came in with fresh and yong able spirits vnder the gouernment of Captain Francis West and of one hundred to the Seawards on the South side of our Riuer in the Country of the Nansamundes vnder the charge of Captaine Iohn Martin there did not so much as one man miscarry and but very few or none fall sicke whereas at Iames Towne the same time and the same moneths one hundred sickned halfe the number died howbeit as we condemne not Kent in England for a small Towne called Plumsted continually assaulting the dwellers there especially new commers with Agues and Feuers no more let vs lay scandall and imputation vpon the Country of Virginia because the little Quarter wherein we are set dowee vnaduisedly so chosed appeares to be vnwholesome and subiect to many ill ayres which accompany the like marish places §. IIII. The Lord La WARRES beginnings and proceedings in Iames Towne Sir THOMAS GATES sent into England his and the Companies testimony of Virginia and cause of the late miseries VPon his Lordships landing at the South gate of the Pallizado which lookes into the Riuer our Gouernour caused his Company in armes to stand in order and make a Guard It pleased him that I should beare his Colours for that time his Lordship landing fell vpon his knees and before vs all made a long and silent Prayer to himselfe and after marched vp into the Towne where at the Gate I bowed with the Colours and let them fall at his Lordships feete who passed on into the Chappell where he heard a Sermon by Master Bucke our Gouernours Preacher and after that caused a Gentleman one of his owne followers Master Anthony Scot his Ancient to reade his Commission which intituled him Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall during his life of the Colony and Plantation in Uirginia Sir Thomas Gates our Gouernour hitherto being now stiled therein Lieutenant Generall After the reading of his Lordships Commission Sir Thomas Gates rendred vp vnto his Lordship his owne Commission both Patents and the Counsell Seale after which the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall deliuered some few words vnto the Company laying many blames vpon them for many vanities and their Idlenesse earnestly wishing that he might no more finde it so least he should be compelled to draw the sword of Iustice to cut off such delinquents which he had much rather he protested draw in their defence to protect them from iniuries hartening them with the knowledge of what store of prouisions he had brought for them viz. sufficient to serue foure hundred men for one whole yeare The twelfth of Iune being Tuesday the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall did constitute and giue places of Office and charge to diuers Captaines and Gentlemen and elected vnto him a Counsell vnto whom he did administer an Oath mixed with the oath of Allegiance and Supremacy to his Maiestie which oath likewise he caused to be administred the next day after to euery particular member of the Colony of Faith Assistance and Secrecy The Counsaile which he elected were Sir Thomas Gates Kinght Lieutenant Generall Sir George Summers Knight Admirall Captaine George Percy Eâ—quire and in the Fort Captaine of fifty Sir Ferdinando Weinman Knight Master of the Ordnance Captaine Christopher Newport Vice-admirall William Strachei Esquire Secretary and Recorder As likewise the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall nominated Captaine Iohn Martin Master of the Battery workes for Steele and Iron and Captaine George Webb Sergeant Maior of the Fort and especiall Captaines ouer Companies were these appointed Captaine Edward Bruster who hath the command of his Honours owne Company Captaine Thomas Lawson Captain Thomas Holecroft Captaine Samuell Argoll Captaine George Yardley who commandeth the Lieutenant Generals Company Diuers other Officers were likewise made as Master Ralph Hamor and Master Browne Clarkes of the Counsell and Master Daniell Tucker and Master Robert Wilde Clarkes of the Store c. The first businesse which the Lord Gouernour and Captaine Generall after the
boord two houres and a halfe good Lord what haste she made and how quickly were we diuided both great and small shot playing on both sides which lasted vntill the remotenesse was aboue a Caliuer shot and we discouered the vice-Admirall comming to her assistance who began a farre off to ply vs with great shot and put vs in minde we had another worke in hand Whereupon wee manned our Ship a new separating the dead and hurt bodies by themselues from vs and were so encouraged that we waued her and in a manner made toward her to fight a fresh For when we perceiued that the Admirall made not a shot more at vs we verily imagined that either she was preparing her selfe with a new supply or wanted men to make her seruiceable or resolued to goe away from vs considering shee had lost her Captaine yet loth to bee secure and imagining the Vice-admirall might come and boord vs finding vs play till the Admirall did make her selfe better readie we prepared our selues wondring yet that shee came no neerer vs then Falcon shot wherewith she plyed vs still on the Lee side vntill at last she receiued another payment from our Demie-culuering which shot her through and made her beare with the shore into smooth water where shee remayned till two of the clocke after midnight and so wee had time to reforme our disorders and make our selues better readie for the next dayes varietie By breake of day she came vp againe with the Admirall with her as if they determined indeed to deuoure vs at once but as it seemed it was but a Brauado though for the time they forsooke not our quarter within Musket shot for all that night and morning they were quiet Neighbours and kept vs company without any great annoyance with their Top-sayles downe not knowing as it should seeme what to doe with vs or else suspecting their owne hurts and Leakes they durst not trust themselues too farre from Land nor to the furie of another encounter All that night we had time and leisure to ouer-looke our losses and prepare for them the Admirall made shew of an encounter and we after Prayers were ended prouided to fight with them but suddenly wee perceiued the Vice-Admirall hang a sterne cutting her mayne sayle to come vp and stirring very ill At length the Admirall shooke in the wind and by apparant signes gaue vs notice of slacking her course whereby we might runne a head and follow the Seas at her pleasure so wee perceiued the Vice-Admirall with all her Sayles to make towardes an Iland called Sana which the Admirall either tooke notice of as knowing the danger she wasin or gaue directions accordingly considering there was no good to bee done with vs for presently she tacked about and lost vs bearing toward that Iland also Wee lost Doctor Bohune and seuen other were slaine out-right two died shortly after of their wounds and sixteene were shot through in some part or other of the bodie whose wounds Gods be thanked were recured and without mayme or further impeachment of health are now recouered and settled in Virginia according to our first entended purpose and Commission I reckon not such as are hurt with Pikes and other offensiue Weapons because there was no danger in their cures and the skilfull Surgeon shewed his art and good speed with facilitie How many they lost wee cannot tell nor what men of name were entertayned amongst them onely I am sure we saw many lie slaine on the Decke and more cast ouer-boord in the fight besides the Scuppers ran with bloud and the very Sea in their quarter was coloured with a Scarlet hue and looked fearfully vpon vs all The burthen of their Admirall was three hundred tunnes hauing two and twentie Peeces of Brasse and all prouision of a man of Warre indeed their Vice-Admirall three hundred tuns and sixteene cast Peeces nor much inferiour to her for trimming and correspondent Equipage and both to outward shew ouer-masterfull and daring for one poore Merchant and Passenger being but a hundred and sixtie tunnes hauing eight Iron Peeces and one Falcon ouer-loaden with Stuffe and Wares encombred with Passengers toyled with a storme tyred with a long Voyage affrighted with wants and euery way insufficient to answere any such enemie but as it in the Scripture it is all one to thee O God whether there be few or many and Gedeons three hundred shall slay many thousands of the Midianites as for deliuerances the people of Israell shall passe through the Red Sea dry foot Ionas shall bee cast safe on shoare out of the Whales belly and Paul shall escape shipwracke sauing his life with all his Passengers in the Iland of Malta For to conclude with the purpose in hand there is one thing most remarkable as an inducement to this our deliuerance that Captaine Chester embraced Doctor Bohune beeing mortally wounded and thus recomforted him saying O Doctor Bohune what a disaster is this the Noble Doctor no whit exanimated replyed Fight it out braue man the cause is good and Lord receiue my soule A Sea Fight Slaine out right Doctor Bohune Thomas Demeter Gentleman Th. Read William Garret Th. Vernam Gabriel Peses Dauid Bathering Raph. c. Died after Francis Annis Gentleman Ed. Nerobery Sayler Wounded yet cured William Bird Gentleman Alexander Bouâ—ntine William Bannington Gentleman William Ioyce Quarter Master Iohn Wakings Iohn Wilson Sayler George Tayler Sayler William Lucas Sayler Iohn Robbins Steward Phillip Durâ—ine Three Frenchmen Robert Lector Anthony Browne Gentleman CHAP. XV. Virginian affaires since the yeere 1620. till this present 1624. §. I. A note of the shipping men and prouisions sent and prouided for Virginia by the Right Honourable HENRY Earle of South-hampton and the Company and other priuate Aduenturers in the yeere 1621. c. with other Occurrents then published by the Company SHIPS AND PEOPLE 1 THe Elianor 30. tun in May 1621. with 10. persons 2 The George 180. tun in Iuly 120. 3 The Charles 120. tunne in Iuly 80. 4 The Marmaduke 100. tun in Iuly 80. 5 The Temperance 80. tun in Iuly 50. 6 The Warwicke 160. tun in August 100. 7 The Tigre 40. tun in August 40. 8 The Sea-flowre 140. tun in August 120. 9 The Flying Hart 200. tun in August 60. Men and 40. Cattell 10 The Discouerie 60. tun in Nouember 20. 11 The Bona Noua 200. tun in Noumber 50. 12 The Hope-well 60. tun in Nouember 20. 13 The God-speed 150. tun in Aprill â—1622 100. 14 The Gift of God 140. tun in Aprill 100. 15 The Prime-Rose 80. tun in Aprill 60. 16 The Charitie 80. tun in Aprill 30. 17 The Bonauenture 50. tun in Aprill 10. 18 The White Lion 180. tun in May 40 Men 40. Cattell 19 The Furtherance 180. tun in May 80. men 20 The Maâ—â—â—ret and Iohn 160. tun in May 80. 21 The Iames 120. tun in May 80. Summe of the persons 1300. Cattell 80. Sent also
generall presently set vpon them and sorting out some such conuenient ships as to their honorable wisedomes seemed fittest for that times seruice they were driuen to take some other course then before had beene by them entended Wherefore vpon a graue consultation had by a select counseâ—l they concluded that the Vice-admirall the Lord Thomas Howard in the Non Pareille for that time and the Reare Admirall Sir Walter Raleigh in the Warspight associated with Sir Francis Uere the Lord Marshall in the Rainbow Sir George Cary Master of the Ordnance in the Mary Rose Sir Robert Southwell in the Lyon hauing with them some of the Ships of London and some of the Dutch squadron of reasonable burthen should lead the dance and giue the onset and that the two most noble Lords generall with some others of their companies should in their conuenient time and order second the maine battell The fight being begun and growne very hot the Lord generall the Earle of Essex being on Port Saint Mary side vpon a sudden and vnlooked for of others thrust himselfe among the formost into the maine battell The other most honorable Lord generall vnderstanding the most noble Earle to be in fight among them and perceiuing by the Master of his ship the Aâ—ke royall that for lacke of water it was not possible that he might put any neerer without further delay called presently for his Pinnace and in the same Pinnace put himselfe and his honorable son Lord William Howard aboord the Honor de la mer there remained in the fight till the battell was ended The fight was very terrible on all sides and so continued doubtfull till about one or two of the clocke in the afternoone about which time the Philip whom in very truth they had all most fancie vnto began to yeelde and giue ouer her men that remained aliue shifting for themselues as they were able aâ—d swimming and running ashoare with all the haste that they could possibly and therewithall at the very same instant themselues fired their ship and so left her and presently thereupon a great Argosie with another mighty great ship fired themselues in the like manner Immediatly hereupon the residue of the ships ran themselues on ground as far from vs as they could thereby purchased their owne safetie or rather breathing space for the time Of them all two faire ships onely were boorded and taken by our men with most part of their furniture in them the one called S. Matthew a ship by estimation of some twelue hundred tun and the other S. Andrew being a ship of not much lesser burthen The Gallies seeing this sodaine great victorious ouerthrow made all the haste they could toward tâ—e Bridge called Puente de Snaço and there shrowded themselues in such sort as our ships could not by any meanesâ— possible come nigh them for lacke of water The Spanish ships in all were fifty nine and as I said all tall ships and very richly furnished and well appointed whereof some of them were bound for the Indies and other fraighted and furnished for Lasbon as themselues affirme and had we not come that very time that we did wee had certainly mist of them all Of what great wealth and riches these ships were that I leaue to other mens iudgement and report but sure I am that themselues offered two millions and a halfe of ducats for the redemption of the goods and riches that were in them which offer of theirs albeit it was accepted of the Lords generall and should haue beene receiued yet we were defeated of it as hereafter shall be more at large declared In all this cruell terrible fight there were not either slaine or hurt by any manner of meanes many aboue the number of 100. of our men notwithstanding diuers of our ships were many times shot thorow and thorow yea and some of them no lesse then two and twenty times as I was enformed by credible report of the Captaines and Masters themselues I know not of any other hurt done sauing onely that Sir Robert Southwell who alwayes shewed himselfe a most valiant resolute knight in all this action making a little too much haste with his Pinnace to boord the Philip had there his said Pinnace burnt with the Philip at the same instant and yet by good care and diligence his men were saued One other mischance hapned thus One of the Flemmings Flie-boats who had in all the conflict before carried her selfe very well and valiantly about ten of the clocke while the fight continued sharpest chanced by great negligence and misfortune to be fired and blown vp by his owne powder who could not haue any fewer in him then one hundred fighting men by all supposall and so in the very twinkling of an eye both ship and men were all cast away excepting seuen or eight which by very good fortune and great care and diligence of some of the other ships were saued Immediately vpon this notable victory without any further stay in all the world the Lord generall the Earle of Essex put to shore landed about 3000 shot and pike men of the which number the one halfe was presently dispatched to the bridge Puente de Suaço vnder the conduct of Sir Christopher Blunt Sir Coniers Clifford and Sir Thomas Gerard with the other halfe being about fifteene hundred the most noble Earle of Essex himselfe being accompanied with diuers other honorable Lords namely the Earle of Sussex the Lord Harbert the Lord Burk Count Lodâ—uick of Nassaw the Lord Marshall Sir Francis Uere with all expedition possible marched on foote toward the towne of Cadiz which was about three English miles march That time of the day was very hot and faint and the way was all of dry deepe sliding sand in a manner and beside that very vneuen and by that meanes so tiresome and painfull as might be The enemie hauing reasonable companie both of horse and footemen stood in a readinesse some good distance without the towne to welcome vs and to encounter the Lord Generall But the most famous Earle with his valiant Troopes rather running indeede in good order then marching hastened on them with such vnspeakeable courage and celeritie as within one houres space and lesse the horsemen were all discomfited and put to flight their leader being strooken downe at the very first encounter whereat the footemen being wonderfully dismaied and astonished at the vnexpected manner of the Englishmens kinde of such fierce and resolute fight retyred themselues with all the speede possible that they could to recouer themselues into the Towne againe Which being done by them with farre swifter legges then manly courage our men were enforced to scale the wals which thing in very deede although it was not without great danger and difficultie to be performed yet such was the inuincible resolution and the wonderfull dexteritie of the English that in one halfe houre or thereabout the enemy was repulsed and
Estâ—tes discourse of that Voiage is at large in Ramuâ—â— here omitted Herera saith that in their sharings the Spaniards valued gold of 14. carats at 7. and by the abundance thereof grew to great excesses in gaming pride other vices he saith that the three sent to Cusco were fooles â—heir behauior causâ—d the Indians to vndeâ— value the Spaniards * A Maâ—ke is 8. ounces and a Castilian is a Pezâ— which containeth in this Peru acconnt after Inca Uega 450. Marauediz euery 5. Peâ—â—s or Caste 〈…〉 s being six Duckers about seuen shillings English Golden Age. Miserable comforters b Other Incas made one called Atabalipa to serue the Spaniards turn Without them as in the conclusion they confesse they could being so few neuer haue perfected their coÌ„quest But first they vsed the Cuscoans against those of Quito and lastly to pacifie all to the Spanish subiection After which they performe nothing but falshood and cruelty Piâ—arros purpose being alway by any way to erect the Spanish Empire Second sharing Garitico slaine for as the war had bin begun by Atabalipa the first against Cusco so after his death it was by his Captaines continued against the Iucas there seeking to aduance Quito aboue Cusco the seed of Atabalipa to the Souereigntie Chilichuchima burned Manco Inca made Lord. Third sharing of gold and siluer at Cusâ—o Images of beasts men in gold Cusco a Spanish Colonie Other Spaniards enter Peru. Countrey described c Immatonare d Scaloni Description of Cusco as it was when the Spaniards first came thither For after the Indians burnt the most part of it in Mancos wars with Piçarro The Fortresse e Gironi f See sup pag. 1056. Acosta saith he measured some aboue 38. foot long c. g Voltati h Sguincio de igironi Note this * See sup l. 7. c. 〈◊〉 Ramus vol 3. The Gouernor of the Fleete The officers ouer the Fleete The Iland of S. Dominico The hauen of S. Iames. The Trinitie An hauen called the Cape of Saint Cruz. An Huracano or tâ—â—pest notable both at Sea and Land Presages Boate placed vpon trees by the tempest Fifth of Nouember The hauen of Sagua or Xaqua Sands of Cunarreo Guaniguanico The Cape of S. Anthony The Hauana Martes Great houses without hous-keepers Golden Bell. The first towne taken in Florida in the Emperors name * Samples The Prouincâ— Apalachn â—aâ—iqueâ—gniâ—eth â—gniâ—eth 〈◊〉 Lord among the Indians Strong stream Dulcancellin a King or Cazique among them Toublesome Countrey Trees cleft with thunderbolts Apâ—lâ—chen Caccoagoâ—â—o Great tempests in those parts Lakes Beasts Beast which carrieth her yong in a bag Fowles Indian fight Strong archers Men of tall 〈◊〉 ture good archers The Riuer Madalena Hard shift Ockam of Palmiti No stones Strong shot Crosse shoare Miserable successe of the Spaniards in this Voyage Spiaggia de Caualli The Strait of Saint Michael R. of Palmes Miserable thust Rich Furres sweete Mardole Zibelline Desription of thâ—se Indians Current Three drowned Humanitie of Sauages Panuco The Christians eate one another for hunger Indian sicknesse and mortalitie Iland Malhado Pierced paps with canes for gallantry The Indians poore life Mourning for children Age diâ—esteemed Physicians burned Filthie and foolish customes They are made Physicians Learned argument Manner of curing Lamentable salutations The Indians of Carruco Queuenes and Dragnanes Indians Tune fruits of India Marianes Iguâ—bes The Spaniards cate one another A cruell custome of the Indians who vse to kill their male children while they sleep and cast their female children as soone as they are borne to the dogges to eate them because they would not marrie them to their enemies nor to their kindred Penutious die The Indians in this Prouince eate Serpents Vipers and other beastly things by reason of the famine which continually is thâ—re Women Theeuâ—s Indians which runne a whole day to take a Deere and tiring him with running estsoones take him aliue in the chase Natures nurâ—lings Dogs life Tune-time Flies troublesome Noisome remedie Decre hauâ—â— dry places to auoid Huntmen Oxen of that Countrie Caâ—agâ—di Indians Pastures Camâ—â—i Indians What became of their fift Boat Aâ—â—uares In Cures very wonderfull yet true Benzo which trauelled fourteene yeeres in the Indies with the Spaniards from 1541. saith that of six hundred of Naruaez his company searsly tâ—n returned which at Mexico reported that they had by breathing on them cured the sicke raised to life three dead men c. But saith hee Let their holines pardon me I will easier beleeue that they killed foure liuing men th en thâ—t they raised halfe one deâ—d man to life Ben. l. 2. c. 13. I permit some of these relations more for knowledge of the Countrey then for credit of Spanish cures in the Indies which you shal find in Casâ—s of another nature These here challenge no Diuine end to conuert the people to God and therefore are not like to haue any diuine beginning but â—re either falsly told or falsly done or falsly intended by the Father of falshood And why may they not be ascribed to the Deuill either as lies if neuer done or if done as deuillish Arts to maintaine rapine and superstition which are here mentioned the effâ—cts thereof Acosta tells of a great miracle-worker in the Indies a vicious man and hanged for knaueries This Cowes-Head the Author is also by Schmidel before recorded for a bad man in his acts at the Riuer of Plate I will conclude with S. Aug. de vnit Ecc. 〈◊〉 16. Remoueantur ista vâ—â— figmentâ— mendac 〈…〉 hominum vel porâ—enta fallacium spirituum c. Cacalcuches Maticones Coaios Susolas and Ataios Indians A dead man raised If Benzos opinion be not rather to be embâ—aced that they killed the liuing as this author also reports of his Country-men in the end of this booke Children of the Sunne All become Physitians An euill thing of spirit of the Indians Diabolicall appatition Their computation of times Maticones Arbadaâ—â— Hungers perambulation Appareli Famines Discoueries Sine Cerere liberâ— frâ—gâ—t Venus The Indians let their children sucke 〈…〉 ll the age of twâ—lue yeares No deadly fights Vse of Horses Quicke senses Names of the Nations of those parts Maâ—hada Cauoques Ca 〈…〉 uco Deguenes Mâ—ndica Quâ—uenâ—s Marianâ—s Gâ—aiâ—ones Iâ—guâ—zes Ataios and Acubadaâ—s Quiâ—oles Auauares and Matiaconâ—s Culia'culches Susolus Comos Camoles Fichâ— Foolish drinkrites * A vessell containing diuâ—rs gallons Sodomy Mesquiquez a fruite of India The Toupin Erasilians vse such Marakas or Raeles and haue like conceits thereof Blinde and â—quint-eyed people Copper Bell ingrauen Plates of Plate South Sea Pleasant huâ—ung Superstitious sanctifying their meat Desert Countrey A riuer Many garments Foolish liberalitie Womenâ—reaters No lamenting for the dead Houses artificially built Mays Other strange behauiour Goodly people Old fashion of boiling pulse They come to the South Sea Barren Countrey People which liue on the powder of straw A plentifull Countrey with houses and corne Corall and Turkesses Emeralds