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A25996 Carolina, or, A description of the present state of that country and the natural excellencies thereof viz. the healthfulness of the air, pleasantness of the place, advantage and usefulness of those rich commodities there plentifully abounding, which much encrease and flourish by the industry of the planters that daily enlarge that colony / published by T.A., Gent ... Amy, Thomas. 1682 (1682) Wing A3934aA; ESTC R31 14,528 46

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this Country saw it but had not time to open them or at least for the present were unwilling to make any farther Discovery till their Mines of Peru and Mexico were exhausted or as others that they were politically fearful that if the Riches of the Country should be exposed it would be an Allure to encourage a Foreign Invader Poverty preserving Riches oftentimes the cause that Property is lost usurped and invaded but whether it be this or that reason time will discover The Natives of the Country are from time immemorial ab Origine Indians of a deep Chesnut Colour their Hair black and streight tied various ways sometimes oyl'd and painted stuck through with Feathers for Ornament or Gallantry their Eyes black and sparkling little or no Hair on their Chins well limb'd and featured painting their Faces with different Figures of a red or sanguine Colour whether for Beauty or to render themselves formidable to their Enemies I could not learn They are excellent Hunters their Weapons the Bow and Arrow made of a Read pointed with sharp Stones or Fish Bones their Cloathing Skins of the Bear or Deer the Skin drest after their Country Fashion Manufactures or Arts amongst them I have heard of none only little Baskets made of painted Reeds and Leather drest sometimes with black and red Chequers coloured In Medicine or the Nature of Simples some have an exquisite Knowledge and in the Cure of Scorbutick Venereal and Malignant Distempers are admirable In all External Diseases they suck the part affected with many Incantations Philtres and Charms In Amorous Intrigues they are excellent either to procure Love or Hatred They are not very forward in Discovery of their Secrets which by long Experience are religiously transmitted and conveyed in a continued Line from one Generation to another for which those skill'd in this Faculty are held in great Veneration and Esteem Their Religion chiefly consists in the Adoration of the Sun and Moon At the Appearance of the New Moon I have observed them with open extended Arms then folded with inclined Bodies to make their Adorations with much Ardency and Passion They are divided into many Divisions or Nations Govern'd by Reguli or Petty Princes which our English call Cacicoes Their Diet is of Fish Flesh and Fowl with Indian Maiz or Corn their Drink Water yet Lovers of the Spirits of Wine and Sugar They have hitherto lived in good Correspondence and Amity with the English who by their just and equitable Cariage have extreamly winn'd and obliged them Justice being exactly and impartially administred prevents Jealousies and maintains between them a good Understanding that the Neighbouring Indians are very kind and serviceable doing our Nation such Civilities and good Turns as lie in their Power This Country was first discover'd by Sir Sebastian Cabott by the order and at the expence of King Henry VII from which Discovery our Successive Princes have held their Claim in pursuance to which in the Seventeenth Year of His Majesties Reign it was granted unto his Grace George Duke of Albemarle unto the Right Honourable Edward Earl of Clarendon William Earl of Craven John Lord Berkley Anthony Lord Ashley now Earl of Shaftsbury to the Honourable Sir George Carteret and Sir John Colleton Knights and Baronetts to Sir William Berkley Knight with a full and plenipotentiary Power to Colonize Enact Laws Execute Justice c. The Regalia's of Premier Sovereignty only reserved The Principal place where the English are now settled lies scituated on a point of Land about two Leagues from the Sea between Ashly and Cooper Rivers so named in Honour to the Right Honourable the Earl of Shaftsbury a great Patron to the Affairs of Carolina The place called Charles Town by an express Order from the Lord Proprietors in the Year One thousand six hundred and eighty their Ordnance and Ammunition being removed thither from Old Charles Town which lay about a League higher from Ashly River both for its Strength and Commerce It 's very commodiously scituated from many other Navigable Rivers that lie near it on which the Planters are seated by the Advantage of Creeks which have a Communication from one great River to another at the Tide or Ebb the Planters may bring their Commodities to the Town as to the Common Market and Magazine both for Trade and Shipping The Town is regularly laid out into large and capacious Streets which to Buildings is a great Ornament and Beauty In it they have reserved convenient places for Building of a Church Town-House and other Publick Structures an Artillery Ground for the Exercise of their Militia and Wharfs for the Convenience of their Trade and Shipping At our being there was judged in the Country a 1000 or 1200 Souls but the great Numbers of Families from England Ireland Berbadoes Jamaica and the Caribees which daily Transport themselves thither have more than doubled that Number The Commodities of the Country as yet proper for England are Furrs and Cedar For Berbadoes Jamaica and the Caribbee Islands Provisions Pitch Tarr and Clapboard for which they have in Exchange Sugar Rumm Melasses and Ginger c. such things which are proper and requisite for the Planter to be stored with before he leaves England for his better Settlement there at his Arrival chiefly Servants All kind of Iron Work for the clearing of Land pruning of Vines for the Kitchen and for Building Commodities proper for the Merchant to Transport thither for his Advantage Cloathing of all kinds both Linnen and Woollen Hats Stockins Shoes all kind of Ammunition Guns Fowling-pieces Powder Match Bullet Nails Locks Knives all Haberdashers Ware Cordage and Sails for Shipping Spirits and Spices viz. Cloves Nutmegs and Cinnamon Finally to encourage People to Transport themselves thither the Lord Proprietors give unto all Masters and Mistresses of Families to their Children Men-Servants and Maid-Servants if above sixteen years of Age fifty to all such under forty Acres of Land to be held for ever annually paying a Peny an Acre to the Lord Proprietors to commence in 2 Years after it 's survey'd Sir Thus in an Abstract I have given you the Draught of this excellent Country begining with its Name Scituation c. and when first settled regularly proceeding to the Nature of the Soil Quality of the Air the Diseases and Longaevity of its Inhabitants the Rarity of its produce in Trees Fruits Roots and Herbs Beasts Fish Fowl and Insects the Nature and Disposition of the Indians the Progress the English have made since their first Settlement what Commodities they abound with in what defective in all which from the Truth I have neither swerved nor varied Indeed in some other things I might have farther enlarged and expatiated which I shall refer to a Personal Discourse when I have the Honour to wait upon you again in the mean time I am Your humble Servant T. A. FINIS * It 's a little creature feeding on Sweet Herbs whose Codds scent as sweet and strong as Musk lasting a long time if handsomly inclosed in Cotton Wooll