they_o do_v to_o be_v virtual_o in_o themselves_o and_o if_o so_o it_o only_o differ_v in_o word_n from_o that_o vote_n whereby_o they_o resolve_v to_o have_v no_o king_n in_o substance_n it_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o and_o if_o the_o member_n mean_v as_o the_o word_n seem_v to_o import_v that_o the_o power_n of_o government_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o joint_o and_o that_o this_o vote_n be_v so_o far_o bind_v as_o to_o settle_v that_o government_n for_o ever_o which_o be_v in_o itself_o inconsistent_a with_o that_o arbitrary_a power_n they_o now_o even_o by_o this_o very_a vote_n assume_v it_o be_v likewise_o in_o itself_o most_o absurd_a it_o be_v true_a that_o we_o have_v a_o know_a law_n whereby_o we_o be_v protect_v in_o our_o person_n life_n and_o estate_n to_o have_v this_o law_n unalterable_a otherwise_o then_o by_o the_o joint_a concurrence_n of_o the_o king_n and_o two_o house_n be_v a_o constitution_n beneficial_a for_o the_o kingdom_n but_o in_o point_n of_o government_n it_o be_v a_o composier_n not_o only_o improper_a but_o destructive_a to_o the_o whole_a nation_n in_o every_o commonwealth_n accident_n frequent_o happen_v which_o of_o necessity_n require_v thing_n to_o be_v do_v yet_o if_o not_o act_v with_o secrecy_n hazard_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o people_n for_o example_n the_o king_n have_v intelligence_n that_o a_o foreign_a nation_n be_v prepare_v and_o resolve_v to_o invade_v this_o kingdom_n hereupon_o with_o great_a care_n and_o secrecy_n a_o design_n be_v lay_v to_o surprise_v the_o enemy_n in_o this_o case_n for_o the_o king_n at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o proclaim_v his_o plot_n not_o only_o frustrate_v his_o design_n but_o endanger_v the_o destruction_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n now_o admit_v the_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o joint_o to_o have_v the_o power_n of_o government_n and_o it_o be_v impossible_a whatever_o the_o design_n be_v although_o the_o publish_n thereof_o unavoidable_o destroy_v both_o nation_n and_o people_n to_o keep_v it_o secret_n first_o for_o the_o lord_n the_o member_n sit_v and_o vote_n in_o that_o house_n of_o what_o capacity_n or_o disposition_n soever_o by_o descent_n and_o experience_n show_v that_o wise_a man_n although_o lord_n too_o sometime_o beget_v fool_n honest_a man_n knave_n and_o loyal_a man_n traitor_n and_o for_o the_o commons_o house_n he_o who_o examine_v his_o own_o country_n be_v it_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n i_o be_o confident_a will_v find_v the_o great_a number_n of_o those_o elect_a knight_n and_o burgess_n unfit_a for_o statesman_n or_o privy_a councillor_n nor_o be_v it_o possible_a that_o the_o multitude_n if_o they_o have_v authority_n to_o make_v such_o election_n which_o they_o have_v not_o shall_v make_v choice_n of_o apt_a person_n to_o govern_v the_o kingdom_n then_o add_v hereunto_o the_o number_n of_o those_o member_n amount_v unto_o seven_o hundred_o or_o more_o and_o doubtless_o in_o point_n of_o secrecy_n to_o proclaim_v it_o at_o the_o market_n cross_n and_o to_o advise_v with_o they_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n but_o admit_v every_o member_n a_o perfect_a statesman_n the_o composier_n of_o that_o body_n consist_v of_o the_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o be_v such_o as_o not_o only_o render_v they_o incapable_a to_o govern_v the_o realm_n but_o be_v in_o itself_o so_o pernicious_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n as_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o devil_n himself_o to_o invent_v unless_o it_o be_v that_o the_o two_o house_n without_o the_o king_n a_o platform_n more_o apt_a to_o introduce_v confusion_n both_o to_o church_n and_o state_n when_o a_o capital_a or_o criminal_a offender_n be_v convict_v the_o know_a law_n in_o point_n of_o punishment_n do_v not_o distinguish_v of_o person_n the_o judge_n whether_o the_o offender_n be_v capable_a of_o pardon_n or_o not_o must_v give_v sentence_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o offence_n upon_o every_o one_o alike_o he_o have_v not_o power_n either_o to_o pardon_v or_o mitigate_v the_o punishment_n that_o be_v the_o office_n of_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n then_o what_o a_o tyrannical_a constitution_n it_o be_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o have_v power_n to_o distribute_v mercy_n until_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o two_o house_n have_v vote_v it_o common_a experience_n make_v it_o easy_a to_o judge_v and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o the_o king_n without_o that_o joint_a consent_n have_v not_o authority_n to_o punish_v offender_n it_o will_v be_v very_o difficult_a to_o bring_v the_o most_o horrid_a malefactor_n to_o trial_n be_v the_o offence_n treason_n murder_n sacrilege_n or_o any_o other_o crime_n how_o execrable_a soever_o whilst_o either_o house_n do_v omit_v or_o refuse_v to_o vote_n it_o so_o no_o punishment_n a_o infallible_a way_n i_o confess_v it_o be_v to_o embolden_v themselves_o and_o all_o other_o their_o adherent_n to_o perpetrate_v all_o wickedness_n under_o the_o sun_n if_o a_o dispute_n happen_v whether_o to_o make_v war_n or_o to_o proclaim_v peace_n to_o fight_v or_o not_o to_o fight_v a_o enemy_n and_o the_o like_a it_o can_v be_v expect_v but_o that_o those_o three_o body_n shall_v even_o to_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o nation_n irreconcilable_o differ_v in_o opinion_n but_o it_o be_v endless_a to_o insist_v upon_o particular_n of_o this_o nature_n the_o calamity_n which_o have_v befall_v we_o by_o the_o member_n arrogate_a the_o sovereign_a power_n of_o government_n and_o which_o daily_o must_v ensue_v whilst_o they_o either_o continue_v that_o usurpation_n or_o shall_v be_v suffer_v in_o point_n of_o government_n to_o share_v with_o the_o king_n word_n can_v express_v suppose_v three_o single_a person_n have_v joint_o the_o sovereign_a power_n of_o government_n no_o man_n can_v imagine_v but_o that_o they_o will_v even_o in_o matter_n of_o great_a weight_n and_o peril_n stern_a several_a way_n but_o in_o point_n of_o government_n to_o add_v unto_o the_o king_n the_o member_n of_o the_o two_o house_n make_v it_o a_o composier_n far_o more_o preposterous_a and_o absurd_a and_o consequent_o to_o submit_v to_o that_o vote_n to_o be_v govern_v by_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o although_o it_o be_v admit_v the_o member_n intend_v it_o a_o joint_a power_n be_v no_o other_o then_o to_o introduce_v contradiction_n distraction_n and_o confusion_n beside_o by_o settle_v the_o government_n in_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la the_o know_a law_n be_v subvert_v and_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n introduce_v for_o as_o before_o appear_v they_o who_o have_v the_o government_n and_o also_o power_n to_o make_v new_a and_o change_v the_o old_a law_n can_v be_v guide_v but_o by_o their_o own_o will_n whereas_o by_o observe_v the_o constitution_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o submit_v to_o the_o king_n alone_o for_o matter_n of_o government_n unto_o the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n joyntlie_o for_o make_v new_a law_n or_o alter_v the_o old_a and_o unto_o the_o lawful_a judge_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o expound_v and_o declare_v the_o law_n all_o arbitrary_a power_n be_v avoid_v and_o the_o king_n for_o his_o assistance_n in_o matter_n of_o government_n have_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n three_o sort_n of_o councillor_n viz._n his_o great_a council_n his_o privy_a council_n and_o his_o learned_a council_n the_o first_o be_v proper_o the_o prelate_n and_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o beside_o infinite_a other_o testimony_n be_v prove_v by_o the_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o every_o parliament_n the_o word_n be_v these_o viz._n rex_fw-la vicecomiti_fw-la etc._n etc._n quia_fw-la de_fw-la advisamento_fw-la &_o assensu_fw-la concilii_fw-la nostri_fw-la etc._n etc._n quoddam_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la apud_fw-la etc._n etc._n 1._o die_v etc._n etc._n teneri_fw-la ordinavimus_fw-la &_o ibidem_fw-la cum_fw-la prelatis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la &_o proceribus_fw-la dicti_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la colloquium_fw-la habere_fw-la &_o tract_n tibi_fw-la precipimus_fw-la etc._n etc._n duos_fw-la milites_fw-la etc._n etc._n venire_fw-la facias_fw-la ita_fw-la quod_fw-la iidem_fw-la milites_fw-la plenam_fw-la &_o sufficientem_fw-la potestatem_fw-la proâ—se_n &_o communitate_fw-la commitat_fw-la predict_v '_o etc._n etc._n habeant_fw-la ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o consentiendum_fw-la his_fw-la quae_fw-la tunc_fw-la ibidem_fw-la de_fw-la communâ—_n concilio_fw-la dicti_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la favente_fw-la deo_fw-la contigerint_fw-la ordinari_fw-la suantedictis_fw-la and_o the_o sheriff_n return_n be_v thus_o viz._n virtute_fw-la istius_fw-la brevis_fw-la eligi_fw-la feci_fw-la duos_fw-la milites_fw-la viz._n a._n b._n qui_fw-la plenam_fw-la &_o sufficientem_fw-la potestatem_fw-la etc._n etc._n habent_fw-la ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o consentiendum_fw-la iis_fw-la quae_fw-la etc._n etc._n de_fw-fr communi_fw-la concilio_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la ordinari_fw-la contigerint_fw-la thus_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o it_o be_v the_o prelate_n and_o peer_n who_o have_v assistant_n unto_o they_o the_o judge_n and_o other_o
government_n of_o the_o king_n can_v be_v force_v either_o in_o person_n or_o estate_n otherwise_o then_o the_o know_a law_n judge_v by_o indifferent_a person_n unconcern_v as_o aforesaid_a do_v permit_v and_o consequent_o the_o people_n of_o england_n a_o most_o free_a subject_n chap._n xiii_o that_o the_o people_n of_o england_n under_o the_o government_n claim_v by_o the_o member_n of_o the_o two_o house_n be_v absolute_a slave_n it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o where_o the_o king_n or_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n authority_n over_o the_o people_n be_v arbitrary_a that_o government_n be_v tyrannical_a no_o tyrant_n ever_o have_v or_o can_v have_v a_o great_a power_n nor_o be_v it_o possible_a for_o people_n where_o any_o law_n be_v admit_v to_o be_v under_o a_o great_a servitude_n for_o he_o who_o will_n be_v a_o law_n as_o he_o have_v no_o superior_a so_o by_o any_o under_o his_o command_n he_o can_v be_v say_v to_o err_v in_o judgement_n be_v his_o sentence_n never_o so_o bloody_a cruel_a or_o barbarous_a the_o dispute_n be_v end_v no_o appeal_n or_o write_v of_o error_n lie_v so_o that_o the_o wise_a man_n how_o industrious_a or_o conscientious_a soever_o can_v for_o the_o least_o instant_n of_o time_n promise_v to_o himself_o security_n of_o life_n or_o challenge_v property_n in_o his_o estate_n therefore_o if_o the_o government_n in_o england_n practise_v and_o claim_v by_o the_o member_n be_v arbitrary_a it_o follow_v that_o the_o people_n be_v absolute_a slave_n wherein_o these_o thing_n be_v considerable_a 1._o who_o they_o be_v that_o arrogate_v the_o government_n 2._o what_o those_o person_n act_n de_fw-la facto_fw-la 3._o what_o power_n they_o claim_v to_o have_v de_fw-fr jure_fw-la 1._o for_o the_o first_o they_o be_v the_o member_n of_o the_o two_o house_n be_v in_o number_n the_o assembly_n admit_v full_a about_o seven_o hundred_o person_n they_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o several_a distinct_a body_n without_o any_o head_n and_o every_o body_n have_v equal_a power_n then_o for_o their_o privilege_n it_o be_v by_o themselves_o declare_v to_o this_o effect_n viz._n that_o none_o 1641._o of_o they_o although_o he_o have_v commit_v treason_n sacrilege_n murder_n rape_n felony_n or_o any_o other_o crime_n how_o execrable_a soever_o be_v to_o be_v appehend_v question_v or_o prosecute_v for_o the_o same_o until_o licence_n be_v thereunto_o obtain_v from_o that_o house_n whereof_o he_o be_v a_o member_n every_o offender_n herein_o be_v by_o their_o declaration_n denounce_v a_o breaker_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_a of_o the_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n and_o a_o public_a enemy_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o such_o a_o licence_n be_v obtain_v and_o the_o malefactor_n thereupon_o apprehend_v he_o be_v not_o say_v they_o to_o be_v prosecute_v by_o indictment_n or_o otherwise_o but_o in_o such_o manner_n and_o before_o such_o person_n as_o that_o assembly_n think_v fit_a to_o direct_v their_o person_n be_v so_o sacred_a as_o that_o none_o but_o themselves_o must_v judge_v their_o action_n thus_o for_o the_o person_n command_v 2._o what_o they_o act_n de_fw-la facto_fw-la we_o see_v by_o a_o new_a law_n call_v a_o ordinance_n make_v by_o themselves_o without_o the_o king_n the_o late_a archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n be_v condemn_v to_o death_n and_o execute_v they_o have_v confiscate_v he_o and_o other_o man_n estate_n and_o by_o the_o same_o pretence_n they_o have_v tax_v the_o people_n to_o the_o twenty_o and_o five_o part_n of_o their_o fortune_n they_o have_v lay_v a_o imposition_n upon_o the_o subject_a heretofore_o not_o hear_v of_o in_o england_n call_v a_o excise_n they_o have_v tax_v they_o with_o vast_a imposition_n and_o payment_n of_o money_n by_o way_n of_o assessment_n and_o otherwise_o at_o pleasure_n they_o receive_v and_o dispose_v of_o the_o confiscation_n and_o of_o all_o the_o aforesaid_a sum_n of_o money_n as_o themselves_o think_v fit_a they_o assume_v the_o power_n final_o to_o declare_v and_o judge_v the_o law_n and_o by_o colour_n of_o their_o own_o authority_n they_o have_v de_fw-fr facto_fw-la repeal_v several_a act_n of_o parliament_n and_o have_v impose_v upon_o the_o people_n new_a law_n of_o their_o devise_v 3._o what_o they_o claim_v to_o have_v de_fw-fr jure_fw-la if_o themselves_o be_v ask_v whether_o by_o law_n they_o have_v not_o power_n to_o act_v the_o foresay_a thing_n if_o they_o have_v not_o authority_n without_o appeal_n to_o determine_v what_o be_v treason_n murder_n felony_n or_o other_o capital_a offence_n to_o put_v to_o death_n who_o they_o please_v to_o confiscate_v any_o man_n estate_n to_o tax_v or_o impose_v upon_o the_o people_n without_o stint_n whether_o the_o profit_n of_o those_o confiscation_n tax_n and_o imposition_n be_v not_o at_o their_o own_o dispose_n and_o all_o this_o without_o any_o account_n to_o these_o they_o do_v they_o have_v already_o answer_v affirmative_o however_o all_o man_n of_o judgement_n may_v be_v herein_o satisfy_v the_o member_n have_v lawful_a power_n to_o put_v to_o death_n the_o bishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o to_o seize_v his_o estate_n else_o he_o be_v murder_v and_o his_o estate_n seize_v against_o law_n now_o if_o they_o have_v therein_o lawful_a authority_n it_o follow_v that_o by_o the_o same_o law_n they_o may_v whether_o guilty_a or_o not_o guilty_a of_o a_o crime_n put_v to_o death_n any_o other_o who_o they_o shall_v say_v deserve_v to_o die_v and_o may_v confiscate_v who_o estate_n they_o please_v dispose_v thereof_o to_o their_o own_o use_n or_o otherwise_o as_o they_o think_v fit_a and_o according_o we_o see_v they_o have_v and_o be_v go_v fast_o on_o as_o theive_v do_v their_o booty_n to_o divide_v and_o share_v the_o wealth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n among_o themselves_o if_o they_o do_v lawful_o tax_v the_o people_n to_o a_o five_o part_n by_o the_o same_o law_n they_o may_v tax_v they_o to_o their_o full_a worth_n and_o for_o excise_n admit_v they_o to_o have_v power_n to_o charge_v any_o commodity_n with_o one_o penny_n and_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v they_o to_o have_v power_n to_o tax_v every_o one_o for_o every_o drop_n of_o drink_n or_o morsel_n of_o mâ—â—t_n or_o what_o he_o buy_v or_o sell_v to_o the_o full_a double_a or_o treble_a value_n thereof_o if_o they_o have_v power_n to_o repeal_v one_o act_n of_o parliament_n they_o have_v authority_n to_o repeal_v all_o the_o statute_n in_o england_n and_o if_o they_o have_v authority_n to_o impose_v upon_o the_o people_n one_o law_n their_o power_n therein_o be_v without_o limitation_n they_o may_v enforce_v upon_o the_o subject_a what_o law_n they_o please_v and_o consequent_o their_o power_n claim_v as_o high_o arbitrary_a and_o tyrannical_a as_o any_o have_v or_o can_v claim_v to_o have_v and_o have_v make_v this_o claim_n then_o for_o their_o security_n therein_o they_o tell_v we_o that_o in_o all_o matter_n both_o for_o soul_n and_o body_n we_o have_v no_o 63._o judge_n upon_o earth_n but_o themselves_o and_o denounce_v 1641._o every_o one_o a_o enemy_n to_o this_o new_a state_n who_o shall_v deny_v that_o to_o be_v the_o law_n which_o they_o declare_v law_n yet_o even_o now_o the_o people_n be_v tell_v that_o they_o be_v and_o shall_v be_v govern_v by_o the_o know_a law_n because_o say_v they_o judge_n be_v appoint_v and_o suit_n of_o law_n admit_v answer_n there_o be_v never_o any_o tyrant_n but_o in_o some_o sort_n permit_v a_o know_a law_n among_o his_o vassal_n else_o the_o slave_n can_v not_o acquire_v estate_n and_o so_o confiscation_n to_o the_o tyrant_n will_v prove_v inconsiderable_a by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n a_o villain_n have_v power_n to_o buy_v and_o purchase_v and_o be_v therein_o protect_v against_o all_o person_n his_o lord_n except_v but_o the_o lord_n may_v seize_v his_o estate_n foe_fw-mi beat_v or_o strike_v his_o villain_n at_o his_o pleasure_n the_o turk_n who_o have_v be_v account_v the_o great_a tyrant_n his_o vassal_n acquire_v vast_a fortune_n and_o be_v by_o a_o law_n protect_v therein_o against_o their_o fellow_n slave_n but_o the_o turk_n at_o pleasure_n may_v not_o only_o seize_v their_o whole_a estate_n but_o take_v their_o life_n too_o even_o so_o it_o be_v at_o present_a with_o the_o people_n of_o england_n we_o have_v liberty_n to_o buy_v and_o sell_v and_o acquire_v wealth_n we_o be_v as_o a_o english_a villain_n or_o turkish_a slave_n sometime_o that_o be_v when_o the_o member_n please_v else_o not_o protect_v therein_o against_o one_o another_o but_o when_o the_o member_n think_v fit_a every_o man_n estate_n his_o fortune_n his_o person_n his_o life_n all_o be_v at_o their_o will_n and_o doom_n that_o law_n permit_v among_o the_o people_n reach_v not_o so_o high_a as_o the_o member_n when_o they_o think_v fit_a their_o will_n be_v the_o law_n so_o that_o our_o slavery_n for_o the_o present_a be_v worse_a
politic_a capacity_n 46._o if_o the_o king_n die_v during_o a_o parliament_n ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la the_o parliament_n be_v dissolve_v therefore_o sovereignty_n be_v not_o virtual_o in_o the_o two_o house_n by_o the_o king_n 30._o death_n until_o a_o late_a statute_n make_v therein_o all_o suit_n in_o law_n even_o between_o party_n and_o party_n be_v discontinue_v and_o at_o this_o day_n the_o chancellor_n 30._o the_o keeper_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n the_o judge_n the_o sheriff_n of_o county_n justice_n of_o peace_n and_o other_o officer_n by_o his_o death_n be_v void_a which_o can_v not_o be_v if_o sovereign_a power_n be_v not_o in_o the_o natural_a person_n of_o the_o king_n or_o if_o that_o authority_n be_v virtual_o in_o the_o member_n the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n say_v that_o allegiance_n be_v due_a from_o the_o subject_a to_o the_o king_n so_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v bear_v 10._o therefore_o he_o be_v call_v subditus_fw-la natus_fw-la and_o so_o both_o sovereignty_n and_o allegiance_n inherent_o and_o by_o birthright_n the_o one_o in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o other_o in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o subject_a and_o this_o duty_n be_v reciprocal_a the_o king_n 5._o ex_fw-la officio_fw-la as_o king_n be_v oblige_v to_o protect_v the_o people_n and_o the_o subject_a in_o duty_n be_v bind_v to_o obey_v their_o sovereign_n for_o 5._o protectio_fw-la trahit_fw-la subjectionem_fw-la &_o subjectio_fw-la protectionem_fw-la there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o homage_n viz._n b._n homagium_fw-la ligeum_fw-la &_o homagium_fw-la feudale_n the_o first_o be_v allegiance_n be_v due_a only_a to_o the_o king_n person_n and_o therefore_o our_o law_n say_v it_o be_v inherent_a inseparable_a and_o can_v be_v respite_v but_o the_o latter_a be_v due_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o tenure_n of_o land_n a_o writ_n lie_v to_o respite_v it_o beside_o a_o body_n politic_a can_v neither_o do_v nor_o receive_v homage_n it_o can_v be_v do_v but_o to_o the_o natural_a person_n of_o a_o man_n the_o lord_n and_o commons_o 10_o jacobi_n make_v this_o recognition_n viz._n 1._o albeit_o within_o few_o hour_n after_o the_o death_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n we_o declare_v your_o majesty_n our_o only_a and_o rightful_a liege_n lord_n and_o sovereign_n yet_o as_o we_o can_v do_v it_o too_o often_o or_o enough_o so_o it_o can_v be_v more_o fit_a than_o in_o this_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n where_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n in_o person_n or_o by_o representation_n be_v present_a upon_o the_o knee_n of_o our_o heart_n to_o agnize_v our_o most_o constant_a faith_n obedience_n and_o loyalty_n to_o your_o majesty_n &_o your_o royal_a progeny_n humble_o beseech_v it_o may_v be_v as_o a_o memorial_n to_o all_o posterity_n record_v in_o parliament_n and_o enact_v by_o the_o same_o that_o we_o recognize_v and_o acknowledge_v that_o immediate_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o this_o realm_n do_v by_o inherent_a birthright_n and_o lawful_a and_o undoubted_a succession_n descend_v and_o come_v to_o your_o majesty_n and_o that_o by_o lawful_a right_n and_o descent_n under_o one_o imperial_a crown_n your_o majesty_n be_v of_o england_n scotland_n france_n and_o ireland_n king_n and_o thereunto_o we_o most_o humble_o and_o faithful_o submit_v and_o oblige_v ourselves_o our_o heir_n and_o posterity_n for_o ever_o until_o the_o last_o drop_n of_o our_o blood_n be_v spend_v and_o beseech_v your_o majesty_n to_o accept_v the_o same_o as_o the_o first_o fruit_n of_o our_o loyalty_n to_o your_o majesty_n and_o royal_a progeny_n and_o posterity_n for_o ever_o which_o if_o your_o majesty_n will_v adorn_v with_o your_o royal_a assent_n without_o which_o it_o neither_o can_v be_v complete_a nor_o remain_v to_o all_o posterity_n we_o shall_v add_v this_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o your_o majesty_n inestimable_a benefit_n by_o this_o we_o see_v that_o this_o king_n father_n by_o inherent_a birthright_n have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n of_o government_n that_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o parliament_n do_v not_o only_o submit_v thereunto_o but_o at_o their_o humble_a suit_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n oblige_v themselves_o their_o heir_n and_o posterity_n for_o ever_o even_o to_o the_o spend_v of_o their_o last_o drop_n of_o blood_n to_o preserve_v he_o and_o his_o posterity_n therein_o but_o to_o insist_v upon_o particular_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v too_o tedious_a there_o be_v no_o other_o language_n to_o be_v find_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o parliament_n up_o to_o the_o roman_a conquest_n every_o statute_n book_n of_o law_n history_n 21._o and_o the_o constant_a practice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n herein_o concur_v neither_o tongue_n nor_o pen_n until_o these_o antipode_n the_o member_n who_o belch_v nothing_o but_o contradiction_n to_o truth_n justice_n and_o honesty_n ever_o make_v other_o expression_n but_o the_o juggle_n be_v now_o even_o by_o the_o vulgar_a clear_o discover_v and_o find_v to_o be_v too_o slight_a a_o hocus_n pocus_fw-la trick_n to_o gain_v three_o kingdom_n but_o it_o be_v visible_a to_o the_o world_n the_o member_n use_v the_o word_n king_n as_o they_o do_v the_o name_n of_o god_n himself_o either_o for_o their_o own_o advantage_n or_o to_o gull_v the_o people_n which_o among_o infinite_a other_o particular_n by_o their_o various_a proceed_n concern_v the_o king_n sovereign_a power_n it_o be_v manifest_a first_o by_o their_o foresay_a declaration_n in_o word_n they_o ascribe_v unto_o the_o king_n a_o great_a power_n than_o he_o either_o have_v or_o challenge_v he_o be_v say_v they_o absolute_o supreme_a head_n and_o governor_n and_o this_o in_o all_o thing_n and_o that_o final_a too_o for_o say_v they_o from_o he_o there_o be_v no_o appeal_n but_o even_o by_o the_o same_o instrument_n they_o tell_v we_o that_o this_o sovereignty_n be_v not_o in_o the_o king_n person_n but_o total_o in_o the_o member_n of_o the_o two_o house_n and_o after_o their_o preach_n of_o this_o doctrine_n and_o exercise_v the_o king_n office_n for_o some_o year_n than_o they_o take_v the_o boldness_n in_o plain_a term_n to_o tell_v we_o they_o will_v have_v no_o king_n that_o they_o themselves_o will_v without_o their_o sovereign_n govern_v the_o kingdom_n but_o herein_o they_o catch_v themselves_o for_o instant_o thereupon_o the_o people_n plain_o discern_v their_o intention_n even_o from_o the_o first_o they_o be_v by_o this_o vote_n satisfy_v that_o the_o member_n aim_v be_v not_o for_o the_o public_a but_o for_o their_o own_o private_a to_o subvert_v the_o know_a law_n and_o to_o reduce_v the_o people_n to_o the_o slavery_n of_o a_o everlasting_a arbitrary_a and_o tyrannical_a power_n under_o their_o equal_n the_o subject_n of_o england_n upon_o this_o vote_n unanimous_o even_o through_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n as_o if_o they_o be_v at_o one_o instant_n general_o inspire_v make_v their_o protestation_n against_o these_o usurper_n they_o cry_v out_o and_o call_v for_o their_o liege_n lord_n their_o king_n they_o resolve_v to_o submit_v unto_o no_o other_o government_n then_o by_o our_o ancient_a and_o know_v law_n which_o the_o member_n perceive_v they_o return_v to_o their_o own_o vomit_n and_o think_v to_o deceive_v the_o people_n with_o a_o new_a sleight_n do_v now_o again_o begin_v to_o word_n it_o for_o a_o king_n and_o vote_n thus_o that_o this_o nation_n shall_v be_v govern_v by_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_z which_o be_v as_o perfect_v a_o juggle_n as_o that_o whereby_o they_o declare_v the_o king_n power_n to_o be_v virtual_o in_o themselves_o if_o those_o vote_n bind_v it_o follow_v that_o we_o neither_o have_v nor_o can_v have_v otherwise_o then_o at_o the_o member_n will_v either_o king_n law_n or_o government_n their_o last_o vote_n in_o word_n seem_v in_o some_o sort_n to_o set_v up_o a_o king_n but_o for_o any_o thing_n we_o know_v before_o the_o next_o new_a moon_n the_o member_n may_v fancy_v to_o themselves_o the_o same_o motive_n as_o former_o and_o vote_n he_o quite_o down_o again_o so_o that_o admit_v this_o power_n in_o the_o member_n to_o set_v up_o and_o pull_v down_o to_o vote_n and_o uâ—-vote_n it_o be_v indifferent_a both_o to_o king_n and_o people_n whether_o to_o have_v a_o statue_n and_o call_v it_o king_n or_o a_o king_n by_o the_o member_n vote_n then_o for_o the_o vote_n itself_o admit_v the_o member_n to_o have_v authority_n by_o their_o vote_n to_o alter_v the_o law_n which_o they_o have_v not_o it_o be_v in_o itself_o most_o gross_a we_o must_v say_v they_o be_v govern_v by_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o but_o what_o power_n be_v hereby_o intend_a for_o the_o king_n non_fw-la constat_fw-la by_o the_o next_o vote_n the_o member_n may_v declare_v they_o mean_v hereby_o that_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o have_v any_o authority_n in_o his_o own_o person_n but_o still_o judge_v the_o sovereign_a power_n as_o former_o
claim_v any_o right_a interest_n report_n or_o authority_n but_o such_o as_o he_o be_v entitle_v unto_o by_o the_o common_a law_n by_o particular_a custom_n or_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o next_o place_n it_o be_v show_v when_o the_o two_o house_n be_v institute_v and_o what_o be_v a_o parliament_n chap._n ii_o what_o be_v a_o parliament_n and_o how_o and_o when_o the_o two_o house_n be_v institute_v as_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o a_o commonwealth_n to_o have_v a_o law_n so_o every_o know_a law_n must_v be_v ground_v upon_o certain_a rule_n therefore_o be_v it_o compose_v with_o never_o so_o much_o care_n the_o people_n can_v be_v well_o govern_v unless_o some_o person_n have_v power_n in_o some_o thing_n to_o alter_v the_o old_a and_o make_v new_a law_n emergent_a occasion_n be_v oft_o such_o as_o require_v raise_v money_n and_o other_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v which_o the_o prescribe_a rule_n of_o a_o know_a law_n can_v warrant_v which_o person_n so_o authorize_v to_o make_v law_n in_o this_o nation_n be_v call_v the_o parliament_n and_o that_o those_o person_n at_o this_o time_n consist_v of_o the_o king_n and_o both_o house_n joint_o be_v a_o thing_n most_o obvious_a to_o all_o man_n but_o how_o long_o it_o have_v be_v so_o be_v uncertain_a for_o although_o all_o the_o sage_n of_o the_o law_n and_o judicious_a historian_n agree_v and_o therewith_o reason_n itself_o concur_v that_o ever_o since_o we_o have_v have_v law_n some_o person_n have_v have_v power_n in_o some_o thing_n to_o alter_v and_o make_v new_a law_n which_o may_v proper_o be_v call_v a_o parliament_n yet_o until_o long_o after_o the_o norman_a conquest_n i_o do_v not_o find_v it_o clear_v what_o be_v a_o parliament_n or_o what_o person_n have_v that_o power_n but_o upon_o perusal_n of_o the_o statute_n themselves_o which_o i_o conceive_v in_o this_o case_n to_o be_v the_o best_a proof_n i_o confess_v i_o be_o much_o incline_v to_o believe_v that_o until_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n 1._o there_o be_v not_o any_o form_a body_n or_o know_v person_n who_o the_o king_n be_v oblige_v to_o summon_v unto_o a_o parliament_n for_o the_o make_n of_o law_n wherein_o i_o shall_v begin_v with_o the_o first_o law_n of_o that_o nature_n which_o at_o this_o day_n bind_v the_o people_n and_o therein_o we_o can_v go_v beyond_o the_o nine_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n 3._o that_o of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v the_o first_o 3._o upon_o serious_a perusal_n of_o which_o act_n the_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o ireland_n enact_v the_o same_o year_n by_o the_o word_n thereof_o 3._o i_o be_o induce_v to_o believe_v although_o doubtless_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o divers_a of_o his_o subject_n that_o they_o be_v make_v by_o the_o sole_a power_n of_o the_o king_n 3._o in_o the_o preamble_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o merton_n make_v 20._o hen._n 3._o be_v these_o word_n viz._n it_o be_v provide_v in_o the_o court_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n 3._o the_o king_n hold_v at_o merton_n before_o william_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o other_o his_o bishop_n and_o suffragans_fw-la and_o before_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n of_o england_n there_o be_v assemble_v for_o the_o coronation_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o queen_n about_o which_o they_o be_v all_o call_v where_o it_o be_v treat_v for_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o then_o be_v make_v diverse_a act_n of_o parliament_n by_o which_o it_o clear_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o the_o person_n consent_v to_o the_o law_n then_o make_v be_v not_o summon_v to_o a_o parliament_n but_o to_o the_o king_n court_n and_o not_o call_v to_o make_v law_n but_o to_o solemnize_v the_o coronation_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o queen_n those_o treat_v with_o bishop_n earl_n and_o baron_n not_o the_o commons_o nor_o all_o the_o bishop_n earl_n and_o baron_n only_o such_o as_o the_o king_n think_v fit_a to_o be_v present_a at_o his_o and_o his_o queen_n coronation_n and_o none_o of_o they_o call_v by_o writ_n likewise_o in_o the_o preamble_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o marlbridge_n make_v 52_o hen._n 3._o be_v these_o word_n viz._n for_o the_o better_a estate_n of_o this_o 3._o realm_n as_o it_o behove_v the_o office_n of_o a_o king_n the_o more_o discreet_a man_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v call_v together_o as_o well_o on_o the_o high_a as_o on_o the_o low_a estate_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o to_o this_o parliament_n it_o seem_v only_o such_o lord_n and_o other_o discreet_a man_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n such_o as_o the_o king_n think_v fit_a be_v summon_v but_o in_o the_o preamble_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n first_o make_v 1._o 3_o edw._n 1._o be_v these_o word_n viz._n these_o be_v the_o act_n of_o king_n edw._n 1._o by_o his_o council_n and_o by_o assent_n of_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n prior_n earl_n baron_n and_o all_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v thither_o summon_v because_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n have_v great_a desire_n and_o zeal_n to_o redress_v the_o state_n of_o the_o realm_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o to_o the_o make_n of_o law_n at_o this_o time_n there_o be_v a_o great_a and_o general_a concurrence_n for_o beside_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n prior_n earl_n baron_n and_o all_o the_o commonalty_n the_o king_n council_n give_v their_o advice_n therein_o and_o consent_v thereunto_o but_o by_o subsequent_a act_n of_o parliament_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o such_o a_o general_a assembly_n be_v not_o necessary_a for_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o bigamy_n make_v the_o next_o year_n be_v 4_o edw._n 1._o be_v these_o word_n viz._n in_o the_o 1._o presence_n of_o certain_a reverend_a father_n bishop_n of_o england_n and_o other_o of_o the_o king_n council_n as_o well_o the_o justice_n as_o other_o do_v agree_v they_o shall_v be_v put_v in_o write_v for_o a_o perpetual_a memory_n and_o 6_o edw._n 1._o the_o king_n and_o his_o justice_n make_v a_o exposition_n of_o certain_a of_o the_o article_n upon_o the_o stat._n of_o gloucester_n in_o the_o preamble_n 1._o of_o the_o statute_n of_o mortmain_n be_v these_o word_n viz._n we_o therefore_o 1._o intend_v to_o provide_v convenient_a remedy_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o our_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o other_o our_o sujbect_n be_v of_o our_o council_n have_v provide_v etc._n etc._n in_o the_o preamble_n of_o the_o statute_n call_v articuli_fw-la super_fw-la chartas_n it_o 1._o it_o thus_o express_v viz._n forasmuch_o as_o the_o article_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n have_v not_o be_v observe_v because_o there_o be_v no_o punishment_n upon_o the_o offender_n etc._n etc._n our_o lord_n the_o king_n at_o the_o request_n of_o his_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n have_v enact_v certain_a article_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o statute_n of_o eschetor_n make_v at_o lincoln_n 29_o edw._n 1._o be_v 1._o these_o word_n viz._n at_o the_o parliament_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n by_o his_o council_n it_o be_v agree_v and_o also_o command_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o that_o from_o thenceforth_o it_o shall_v be_v observe_v and_o do_v according_a to_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o reverend_a father_n william_n langton_n bishop_n of_o coventry_n and_o lichfield_n and_o treasurer_n to_o the_o king_n john_n langton_n then_o be_v chancellor_n and_o other_o of_o the_o council_n then_o be_v present_a before_o the_o king_n etc._n etc._n by_o these_o act_n it_o still_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o both_o for_o the_o lord_n and_o for_o the_o commons_o as_o the_o king_n please_v sometime_o be_v call_v more_o sometime_o few_o sometime_o part_n of_o the_o commons_o sometime_o all_o and_o sometime_o none_o of_o they_o yet_o the_o power_n one_o and_o the_o same_o for_o at_o all_o the_o time_n aforesaid_a several_a statute_n be_v make_v which_o to_o this_o day_n bind_v the_o people_n equal_a to_o any_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v since_o whereupon_o i_o conceive_v that_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n be_v not_o original_o compose_v with_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o law_n for_o as_o by_o the_o aforesaid_a act_n of_o parliament_n it_o do_v appear_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edw._n 1._o be_v the_o nine_o king_n after_o the_o conqueror_n and_o in_o time_n above_o two_o hundred_o year_n from_o the_o conquest_n all_o which_o space_n we_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o same_o law_n we_o now_o have_v there_o be_v not_o any_o form_a body_n know_v person_n or_o assembly_n who_o consent_n be_v necessary_a to_o join_v with_o the_o king_n to_o make_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o it_o seem_v that_o when_o the_o king_n conceive_v it_o fit_a to_o make_v a_o law_n he_o call_v to_o he_o such_o of_o his_o subject_n either_o
of_o his_o council_n or_o other_o as_o he_o think_v most_o proper_a to_o be_v consult_v with_o concern_v that_o present_a occasion_n if_o it_o concern_v matter_n of_o law_n as_o in_o these_o of_o the_o exposition_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o bigamy_n and_o other_o such_o act_n the_o judge_n and_o other_o of_o his_o council_n learn_v be_v principal_o consult_v with_o if_o it_o concern_v the_o people_n in_o general_a as_o that_o of_o the_o statute_n of_o will._n 1._o and_o other_o such_o like_a the_o people_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v call_v to_o advise_v with_o the_o king_n what_o law_n be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o so_o i_o conceive_v it_o be_v from_o that_o time_n upward_o to_o the_o conquest_n therefore_o when_o any_o book_n or_o history_n make_v mention_n of_o a_o parliament_n in_o those_o day_n that_o assembly_n as_o i_o conceive_v be_v no_o other_o but_o as_o aforesaid_a and_o rare_a it_o be_v for_o any_o king_n in_o those_o time_n to_o consult_v with_o any_o other_o in_o make_v law_n but_o the_o prelate_n the_o peer_n his_o privy_a council_n the_o judge_n and_o other_o person_n learn_v in_o the_o profession_n yet_o doubtless_o never_o conclude_v any_o matter_n of_o moment_n without_o consent_n of_o such_o his_o people_n as_o be_v proper_a to_o be_v advise_v with_o therein_o nor_o do_v i_o conceive_v it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o any_o king_n after_o william_n b._n the_o conqueror_n have_v consent_v to_o govern_v by_o a_o know_a law_n to_o alter_v the_o fundamental_a ground_n thereof_o but_o in_o those_o day_n although_o we_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o same_o law_n as_o now_o yet_o it_o appear_v to_o i_o we_o have_v not_o any_o form_a body_n of_o the_o house_n nor_o can_v any_o subject_a by_o the_o law_n challenge_v a_o particular_a privilege_n to_o be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n nor_o claim_v right_a to_o a_o negative_a voice_n but_o now_o the_o law_n be_v otherwise_o there_o be_v two_o form_v body_n which_o must_v be_v summon_v assemble_v and_o their_o assent_n have_v before_o any_o new_a law_n can_v be_v make_v or_o the_o old_a change_v the_o king_n at_o this_o day_n have_v not_o a_o power_n therein_o without_o the_o joint_a concurrence_n of_o the_o 21._o two_o house_n which_o constitution_n of_o the_o two_o house_n and_o this_o power_n which_o the_o member_n have_v to_o consent_v unto_o or_o refuse_v law_n propound_v 60._o by_o the_o king_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o have_v be_v attain_v thus_o clear_a it_o be_v nothing_o be_v more_o plausible_a to_o the_o people_n then_o to_o be_v preserve_v from_o extraordinary_a tax_n and_o payment_n of_o money_n and_o that_o may_v induce_v king_n edw._n 1._o to_o make_v a_o law_n which_o i_o find_v he_o do_v 34._o of_o his_o reign_n in_o these_o word_n viz._n no_o tallage_n or_o aid_n shall_v be_v take_v or_o levy_v by_o we_o our_o heir_n in_o our_o realm_n without_o the_o good_a 1._o will_n and_o assent_v of_o archbishop_n bishop_n earl_n baron_n knight_n burgess_n and_o other_o freeman_n of_o the_o land_n by_o this_o the_o king_n exclude_v himself_o and_o his_o successor_n by_o themselves_o alone_o to_o tax_v or_o impose_v upon_o the_o people_n any_o payment_n of_o money_n and_o from_o thenceforth_o no_o subsidy_n or_o other_o aid_n can_v be_v give_v he_o by_o the_o subject_a without_o consent_n of_o prelate_n peer_n and_o commons_o this_o i_o conceive_v be_v the_o first_o foundation_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o and_o the_o groundwork_n for_o the_o form_v body_n of_o both_o house_n for_o it_o be_v obvious_a that_o if_o not_o the_o principal_a one_o chief_a end_n of_o call_v parliament_n be_v and_o be_v to_o raise_v money_n for_o the_o public_a affair_n so_o that_o after_o the_o aforesaid_a statute_n of_o 34_o edw._n 1._o it_o have_v be_v to_o little_a purpose_n to_o call_v a_o parliament_n of_o prelate_n and_o peer_n and_o not_o to_o summon_v the_o commons_o and_o upon_o view_n of_o the_o statute_n make_v after_o that_o time_n it_o appear_v that_o those_o person_n be_v more_o frequent_o call_v and_o doubtless_o king_n edw._n 1._o and_o other_o succeed_a king_n find_v that_o the_o great_a number_n of_o the_o prelate_n peer_n and_o commons_o consent_v thereunto_o more_o cheerful_o the_o law_n be_v obey_v it_o beget_v in_o they_o a_o desire_n to_o increase_v their_o number_n and_o to_o have_v their_o assent_n not_o only_o to_o subsidy_n but_o to_o every_o new_a law_n and_o according_o several_a king_n summon_v more_o town_n to_o return_v burgess_n create_v new_a corporation_n and_o grant_v to_o they_o power_n to_o send_v their_o deputy_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o reduce_v to_o any_o certainty_n what_o number_n be_v to_o be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n the_o aforesaid_a statute_n of_o 34_o edw._n 1._o only_o declare_v that_o no_o tax_n etc._n etc._n shall_v be_v levy_v without_o assent_n of_o archbishop_n bishop_n earl_n baron_n knight_n burgess_n and_o other_o freeman_n of_o the_o land_n not_o mention_v how_o many_o or_o what_o particular_a person_n so_o that_o it_o be_v still_o leave_v to_o the_o king_n choice_n how_o many_o to_o call_v and_o so_o continue_v for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o for_o to_o the_o make_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o staple_n 27._o e._n 3._o but_o one_o 3._o single_a person_n be_v summon_v for_o any_o one_o county_n as_o by_o the_o preamble_n thereof_o in_o these_o word_n appear_v viz._n edw._n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n etc._n etc._n whereas_o good_a deliberation_n have_v with_o the_o prelate_n duke_n earl_n baron_n and_o great_a man_n of_o the_o county_n that_o be_v to_o say_v for_o every_o county_n one_o for_o all_o the_o county_n and_o of_o the_o commons_o of_o city_n and_o boroughe_n of_o our_o realm_n summon_v to_o our_o great_a council_n hold_v at_o westminster_n etc._n etc._n but_o afterward_o all_o the_o bishop_n and_o peer_n two_o knight_n for_o a_o shire_n two_o citizen_n for_o a_o city_n and_o two_o burgess_n for_o a_o borough_n town_n be_v usual_o call_v and_o by_o a_o statute_n make_v 7._o h._n 4._o the_o 15._o writ_n of_o summons_n now_o use_v be_v form_v and_o by_o one_o other_o act_n make_v 1._o h._n 5._o direction_n be_v give_v who_o shall_v be_v choose_v that_o be_v to_o say_v 1._o for_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n person_n resiant_a in_o the_o county_n and_o for_o city_n and_o boroughe_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n dwell_v there_o and_o freeman_n of_o the_o same_o city_n and_o boroughe_n and_o no_o other_o and_o so_o by_o frequent_a call_v parliament_n constant_a summon_v the_o prelate_n peer_n and_o commons_o as_o aforesaid_a the_o king_n not_o press_v law_n to_o pass_v nor_o any_o law_n be_v admit_v to_o bind_v without_o such_o consent_n the_o parliament_n become_v a_o body_n compose_v thus_o viz._n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a the_o lord_n temporal_a and_o the_o commons_o be_v three_o estate_n and_o the_o king_n head_n of_o all_o and_o as_o the_o soul_n add_v life_n and_o by_o continuance_n of_o time_n it_o likewise_o become_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o fundamental_a ground_n that_o no_o new_a law_n can_v be_v 25._o make_v or_o the_o old_a alter_v but_o by_o the_o king_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n and_o yet_o the_o king_n at_o this_o day_n which_o be_v evident_a by_o common_a experience_n have_v power_n to_o increase_v the_o number_n of_o either_o house_n and_o that_o without_o stint_n thus_o the_o power_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v restrain_v from_o make_v law_n without_o consent_n of_o their_o subject_n as_o aforesaid_a wherein_o the_o difference_n be_v but_o thus_o former_a king_n in_o some_o thing_n without_o consent_n of_o any_o know_a body_n or_o assembly_n have_v power_n to_o alter_v the_o old_a and_o make_v new_a law_n our_o 28._o king_n can_v in_o any_o one_o particular_a alter_v the_o old_a or_o make_v a_o new_a law_n without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o two_o house_n yet_o monarchy_n remain_v the_o people_n be_v govern_v by_o the_o same_o law_n &_o under_o the_o same_o power_n as_o before_o which_o be_v by_o the_o king_n sole_a authority_n and_o law_n now_o make_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n although_o they_o bind_v not_o without_o assent_n of_o the_o two_o house_n yet_o they_o be_v the_o king_n law_n and_o be_v proper_o say_v to_o be_v make_v by_o he_o and_o the_o statute_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v and_o the_o best_a form_n of_o pen_v a_o act_n be_v thus_o viz._n be_v it_o enact_v by_o the_o king_n majesty_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o the_o commons_o etc._n etc._n 20._o beside_o at_o this_o day_n after_o a_o law_n be_v make_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o execution_n of_o that_o law_n be_v by_o the_o king_n sole_a
pro_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la arduis_fw-la &_o urgentibus_fw-la negotiis_fw-la etc._n etc._n quoddam_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la apud_fw-la civitatem_fw-la nostram_fw-la west_n 1._o die_v maii_n prox_n futur_n '_o teneri_fw-la ordinavimus_fw-la &_o ibidem_fw-la vobiscum_fw-la cum_fw-la prelatis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la &_o proceribus_fw-la dicti_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la colloquium_fw-la habere_fw-la &_o tractatum_fw-la vobis_fw-la sub_fw-la fide_fw-la &_o ligeantiis_fw-la quibus_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenemini_fw-la firmiter_fw-la injungentes_fw-la mandamus_fw-la quòd_fw-la personaliter_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o that_o to_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o lord_n house_n and_o the_o power_n which_o the_o member_n of_o that_o assembly_n have_v to_o sit_v and_o vote_n in_o parliament_n the_o people_n be_v not_o at_o all_o consult_v with_o in_o any_o particular_a and_o for_o the_o commons_o house_n the_o institution_n thereof_o and_o the_o commission_n which_o the_o member_n of_o that_o assembly_n have_v be_v derive_v from_o the_o king_n too_o that_o which_o the_o people_n act_n and_o do_v therein_o be_v only_o to_o elect_v the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n and_o therein_o too_o their_o authority_n be_v by_o the_o king_n writ_n the_o direction_n whereof_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o pursue_v it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o any_o county_n or_o town_n to_o add_v unto_o or_o lessen_v the_o number_n of_o person_n to_o be_v elect_v or_o to_o enlarge_v or_o limit_v the_o authority_n of_o those_o choose_v but_o former_a king_n as_o before_o be_v show_v sometime_o call_v more_o sometime_o few_o and_o at_o their_o pleasure_n create_v new_a corporation_n and_o give_v they_o power_n to_o send_v burgess_n and_o every_o king_n have_v and_o at_o this_o day_n have_v authority_n to_o enable_v and_o command_v every_o town_n in_o england_n to_o send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n and_o when_o the_o knight_n and_o burgess_n be_v elect_v the_o people_n power_n be_v end_v than_o the_o person_n choose_v be_v to_o perform_v their_o duty_n wherein_o they_o must_v be_v guide_v by_o their_o commission_n it_o be_v that_o which_o do_v distinguish_v they_o from_o other_o man_n else_o every_o one_o in_o the_o kingdom_n have_v equal_a power_n to_o sit_v and_o vote_n in_o parliament_n and_o they_o have_v no_o other_o commission_n than_o the_o king_n write_v of_o summons_n which_o follow_v in_o these_o word_n viz._n rex_fw-la vicecomiti_fw-la salut_n '_o quia_fw-la de_fw-la avisamento_fw-la &_o assensu_fw-la consilii_fw-la nostri_fw-la pro_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la arduis_fw-la &_o urgentibus_fw-la negotiis_fw-la nos_fw-la statum_fw-la &_o defensionem_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o ecclesiae_fw-la anglicanae_n concern_v quoddam_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la apud_fw-la civitatem_fw-la nostram_fw-la westm_n '_o tertio_fw-la die_fw-la novembris_fw-la prox_n '_o futur_n '_o teneri_fw-la ordinavimus_fw-la &_o ibidem_fw-la cum_fw-la praelatis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la &_o proceribus_fw-la dicti_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la colloquium_fw-la habere_fw-la &_o tract_n '_o tibi_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la firmiter_fw-la injungentes_fw-la quod_fw-la facta_fw-la proclam_n '_o in_o prox_n comitatu_fw-la tuo_fw-la post_fw-la receptionem_fw-la huius_fw-la brevis_fw-la nostri_fw-la tenend_n die_v &_o loco_fw-la predict_v '_o duos_fw-la milit_fw-la '_o gladiis_fw-la cinctos_fw-la magis_fw-la idoneos_fw-la &_o discretos_fw-la commit_v '_o praedicti_fw-la &_o the_o qualib_a '_o civitate_fw-la com'_v illius_fw-la duos_fw-la cives_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr quolibet_fw-la burgo_n duos_fw-la burgenses_n de_fw-la discretior_fw-la '_o &_o magis_fw-la sufficientibus_fw-la libere_fw-la &_o indifferenter_fw-la per_fw-la illos_fw-la qui_fw-la proclam_fw-la '_o hujusmodi_fw-la interfuer_n '_o juxta_fw-la formam_fw-la statutorum_fw-la inde_fw-la edit_n '_o &_o provis_fw-la eligi_fw-la &_o nomina_fw-la eorundum_fw-la milit_fw-la '_o civium_fw-la &_o burgensium_fw-la sic_fw-la electorum_fw-la in_o quibusdam_fw-la indentur_fw-la '_o inter_fw-la te_fw-la &_o illos_fw-la qui_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la election_n '_o interfuerint_fw-la inde_fw-la conficiend_n '_o sive_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la elect_v '_o present_n fuerint_fw-la vel_fw-la absentes_fw-la inter_fw-la eosque_fw-la ad_fw-la dict'_fw-it diem_fw-la &_o locum_fw-la venire_fw-la facias_fw-la ita_fw-la quod_fw-la iidem_fw-la milites_fw-la plenam_fw-la &_o sufficientem_fw-la potestatem_fw-la pro_fw-la se_fw-la &_o communitate_fw-la commit_v '_o civitatum_fw-la &_o burgorun_n praedictorum_fw-la divisim_fw-la ab_fw-la ipsis_fw-la habeant_fw-la ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o consentiendum_fw-la his_fw-la quae_fw-la tunc_fw-la ibid._n '_o de_fw-la communi_fw-la consilio_fw-la dicti_fw-la regis_fw-la nostri_fw-la favente_fw-la deo_fw-la contigerint_fw-la ordinari_fw-la super_fw-la negotiis_fw-la ante_fw-la dictis_fw-la ita_fw-la quod_fw-la pro_fw-la defectu_fw-la potestatis_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la seu_fw-la propter_fw-la improvidam_fw-la electionem_fw-la militum_fw-la civium_fw-la aut_fw-la burgensium_fw-la predictorum_fw-la dicta_fw-la negotia_fw-la infecta_fw-la non_fw-la remaneant_fw-la quovis_fw-la modo_fw-la nolumus_fw-la autem_fw-la quod_fw-la tu_fw-la nec_fw-la aliquis_fw-la alius_fw-la vicecome_fw-la dicti_fw-la regis_fw-la nostri_fw-la aliqualiter_fw-la sit_fw-la electus_fw-la &_o electionem_fw-la illam_fw-la in_o pleno_fw-la comitatu_fw-la factam_fw-la distincte_n &_o aperte_fw-la sub_fw-la sigillo_fw-la tuo_fw-la &_o singulis_fw-la corum_fw-la qui_fw-la electioni_fw-la illi_fw-la interfuerint_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o cancellar_n '_o nostram_fw-la ad_fw-la dictum_fw-la diem_fw-la &_o locum_fw-la certifices_fw-la indilate_v remittens_fw-la nobis_fw-la alteram_fw-la partem_fw-la indenturarum_fw-la predictarum_fw-la praesentibus_fw-la consuet_n '_o una_fw-la cum_fw-la hoc_fw-la breve_fw-la testae_fw-la meipso_fw-la apud_fw-la westminster_n and_o the_o return_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a writ_n in_o these_o word_n viz._n virtute_fw-la istius_fw-la brevis_fw-la eligi_fw-la feci_fw-la duos_fw-la milites_fw-la gladiis_fw-la cinctos_fw-la magis_fw-la idoneos_fw-la &_o discretos_fw-la de_fw-la comitatu_fw-la meo_fw-la viz._n a._n &_o b._n qui_fw-la plenam_fw-la &_o sufficientem_fw-la potestatem_fw-la pro_fw-la se_fw-la &_o communitate_fw-la commit_v '_o predict_v '_o habent_fw-la ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o consentiendum_fw-la iis_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la diem_fw-la &_o locum_fw-la infra_fw-la contentos_fw-la de_fw-la communi_fw-la consilio_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la ordinari_fw-la contigerint_fw-la et_fw-la predicti_fw-la a._n &_o b._n manucapti_fw-la sunt_fw-la per_fw-la quatuor_fw-la manucapt_v '_o add_v assulendun_v ad_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la dom_n '_o regis_fw-la apud_fw-la westminster_n ad_fw-la diem_fw-la infra_fw-la contentum_fw-la ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la quod_fw-la hoc_fw-la breve_fw-la in_o se_fw-la exigit_fw-la &_o requirit_fw-la i_o have_v here_o exact_o set_v down_o all_o those_o commission_n by_o authority_n whereof_o the_o lord_n house_n and_o the_o commons_o house_n sit_z and_o vote_n in_o those_o assembly_n which_o be_v far_o short_a of_o give_v they_o power_n to_o make_v law_n that_o of_o the_o lord_n command_v they_o to_o advise_v and_o consult_v with_o the_o king_n concern_v the_o great_a affair_n of_o the_o realm_n both_o in_o church_n and_o commonwealth_n that_o of_o the_o commons_o to_o do_v and_o consent_n unto_o such_o thing_n as_o the_o king_n and_o the_o peer_n shall_v agree_v upon_o and_o as_o the_o member_n have_v their_o authority_n to_o sit_v and_o vote_n in_o the_o house_n from_o the_o king_n so_o it_o be_v at_o his_o will_n to_o summon_v a_o parliament_n when_o and_o as_o often_o as_o he_o think_v fit_a and_o the_o member_n be_v meet_v together_o be_v keep_v there_o as_o long_o as_o he_o please_v and_o at_o every_o instant_a time_n when_o he_o see_v cause_n dissolve_v again_o and_o whilst_o they_o be_v continue_v together_o their_o office_n be_v to_o inquire_v and_o inform_v themselves_o of_o the_o grievance_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o consult_v how_o to_o reform_v they_o and_o for_o that_o purpose_n if_o need_v be_v to_o compose_v law_n and_o present_v they_o to_o the_o king_n but_o all_o this_o be_v only_o by_o way_n of_o advice_n it_o bind_v not_o until_o the_o king_n have_v take_v their_o council_n and_o put_v life_n into_o those_o law_n by_o his_o assent_n all_o which_o be_v not_o only_o pursue_v case_n their_o commission_n but_o be_v make_v good_a by_o the_o constant_a practice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o there_o be_v never_o any_o law_n statute_n act_n of_o parliament_n or_o ordinance_n make_v in_o this_o nation_n which_o bind_v the_o people_n whereunto_o the_o king_n do_v not_o give_v his_o royal_a assent_n and_o scarce_o one_o parliament_n since_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o two_o house_n but_o the_o member_n of_o both_o those_o assembly_n have_v pass_v bill_n for_o new_a law_n present_v they_o to_o the_o king_n which_o he_o have_v reject_v roll_v whereupon_o every_o such_o bill_n be_v instant_o set_v aside_o acknowledge_v by_o the_o member_n and_o judge_v by_o all_o man_n to_o be_v invalid_a neither_o bind_a king_n or_o people_n and_o for_o these_o word_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr s'avisera_fw-la the_o opinion_n of_o justice_n hutton_n and_o the_o word_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o nothing_o can_v be_v infer_v thereupon_o against_o the_o king_n negative_a voice_n but_o rather_o the_o contrary_n the_o king_n answer_n say_v they_o to_o bill_n present_v to_o he_o by_o the_o two_o house_n which_o he_o reject_v be_v thus_o le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr
be_v none_o either_o to_o umpire_n or_o mediate_v between_o the_o member_n and_o the_o people_n and_o so_o the_o member_n by_o this_o have_v assume_v a_o arbitrary_a power_n nor_o do_v this_o power_n of_o a_o negative_a voice_n in_o the_o king_n take_v away_o or_o lessen_v the_o authority_n of_o any_o court_n of_o justice_n every_o court_n of_o judicature_n pursue_v its_o commission_n have_v power_n to_o determine_v the_o interest_n both_o of_o king_n and_o people_n and_o that_o without_o assent_n either_o of_o king_n or_o member_n the_o know_a law_n be_v their_o ground_n to_o judge_v by_o not_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o king_n or_o of_o either_o or_o both_o house_n nor_o can_v the_o king_n in_o this_o be_v say_v to_o judge_n out_o of_o his_o court_n or_o against_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n for_o the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n have_v herein_o equal_a power_n that_o be_v every_o one_o of_o they_o a_o negative_a voice_n they_o be_v all_o together_o joint_o judge_v 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or_o both_o house_n without_o the_o king_n to_o alter_v the_o law_n or_o to_o make_v new_a law_n be_v more_o dangerous_a if_o that_o rule_n serve_v they_o to_o make_v good_a law_n it_o enable_v they_o to_o make_v bad_a one_o too_o if_o they_o be_v judge_n when_o to_o make_v one_o law_n they_o be_v judge_n to_o make_v as_o many_o and_o what_o law_n they_o please_v they_o who_o have_v this_o power_n may_v declare_v what_o they_o list_v to_o concern_v the_o safety_n of_o the_o kingdom_n once_o break_v this_o rule_n that_o no_o new_a law_n can_v be_v make_v with_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n and_o there_o be_v no_o end_n of_o the_o distraction_n upon_o the_o same_o ground_n that_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o militia_n pretend_v a_o necessity_n and_o that_o the_o king_n be_v refractory_a assume_v power_n to_o make_v law_n without_o he_o the_o lord_n house_n may_v exclude_v both_o king_n and_o commons_o the_o commons_z house_n lord_n and_o king_n or_o the_o king_n both_o house_n when_o there_o arise_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n if_o it_o be_v of_o necessity_n that_o the_o king_n or_o the_o two_o house_n must_v so_o far_o judge_v the_o business_n as_o to_o make_v a_o law_n without_o the_o other_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n when_o a_o difference_n happen_v between_o the_o two_o house_n one_o of_o they_o must_v be_v judge_n against_o the_o other_o and_o make_v a_o law_n without_o the_o other_o consent_n for_o such_o a_o difference_n between_o the_o two_o house_n may_v as_o well_o happen_v to_o concern_v the_o safety_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o when_o the_o difference_n fall_v out_o between_o the_o king_n and_o both_o house_n and_o if_o either_o house_n obtain_v the_o sole_a power_n to_o make_v law_n still_o there_o be_v no_o period_n for_o if_o reason_n or_o real_a necessity_n require_v it_o and_o shall_v be_v judge_n when_o and_o what_o law_n be_v to_o be_v make_v the_o lesser_a number_n of_o one_o of_o those_o assembly_n peradventure_o may_v be_v in_o the_o right_a but_o whether_o right_a or_o wrong_v the_o zealot_n may_v chance_v to_o side_n with_o the_o little_a flock_n rise_v up_o and_o in_o tumult_n call_v it_o justice_n and_o so_o consequent_o the_o good_a law_n of_o the_o land_n destroy_v and_o club-law_n introduce_v and_o the_o very_o be_v of_o parliament_n take_v away_o whereas_o by_o observe_v the_o constitution_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o submit_v this_o power_n of_o make_v law_n to_o the_o judge_n thereof_o that_o be_v the_o king_n without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o two_o house_n all_o these_o absurdity_n and_o inconvenience_n be_v avoid_v which_o constitution_n be_v right_o understand_v be_v ground_v upon_o great_a reason_n and_o be_v most_o equal_a between_o king_n and_o people_n for_o the_o commons_o house_n upon_o just_a ground_n for_o any_o thing_n to_o they_o appear_v may_v pass_v a_o bill_n which_o the_o lord_n upon_o as_o just_a reason_n may_v reject_v the_o member_n of_o that_o assembly_n be_v person_n who_o for_o the_o most_o part_n have_v a_o great_a &_o deep_a reach_n &_o insight_n in_o state_n affair_n and_o both_o house_n may_v pass_v a_o bill_n conceive_v it_o necessary_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o have_v it_o make_v a_o law_n and_o thereupon_o desire_v the_o king_n consent_n which_o the_o king_n may_v as_o just_o reject_v and_o for_o such_o reason_n they_o may_v be_v matter_n of_o that_o nature_n as_o not_o convenient_a and_o most_o unfit_a to_o be_v impart_v and_o reveal_v to_o such_o a_o multitude_n as_o the_o seven_o hundred_o member_n or_o more_o of_o both_o house_n but_o when_o all_o that_o be_v when_o the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n concur_v the_o commonwealth_n may_v as_o safe_o depend_v upon_o it_o as_o upon_o any_o humane_a institution_n upon_o these_o ground_n it_o be_v that_o when_o a_o dispute_n happen_v concern_v the_o make_n of_o a_o law_n the_o king_n be_v of_o one_o opinion_n the_o lord_n of_o another_o and_o the_o commons_o of_o a_o three_o or_o when_o any_o one_o of_o the_o three_o body_n dissent_v from_o the_o other_o two_o there_o be_v no_o umpire_n but_o themselves_o to_o end_v that_o controversy_n nor_o can_v they_o decide_v the_o question_n by_o any_o other_o way_n but_o by_o a_o joint_a agreement_n or_o quit_v the_o dispute_n for_o until_o a_o joint_a concurrence_n of_o all_o three_o their_o proceed_n be_v but_o conference_n and_o their_o result_v what_o they_o will_v have_v to_o be_v law_n but_o no_o law_n indeed_o until_o by_o consent_n of_o all_o three_o they_o be_v reduce_v to_o act_n of_o parliament_n no_o order_n ordinance_n or_o what_o ever_o it_o be_v or_o shall_v be_v call_v make_v by_o consent_n 20._o of_o any_o one_o or_o two_o of_o these_o body_n alone_o have_v the_o strength_n or_o force_n of_o a_o law_n our_o law_n take_v no_o notice_n thereof_o like_o a_o verdict_n for_o life_n land_n or_o good_n in_o which_o case_n the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o jury_n determine_v not_o the_o question_n all_o twelve_o must_v agree_v else_o it_o be_v no_o verdict_n for_o the_o question_n be_v fact_n some_o one_o of_o the_o jury_n may_v have_v better_a knowledge_n thereof_o than_o all_o the_o rest_n so_o in_o this_o case_n by_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o realm_n no_o new_a law_n can_v be_v make_v or_o the_o old_a alter_v without_o a_o joint_a concurrence_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n it_o be_v that_o unite_a body_n which_o at_o this_o day_n as_o to_o the_o legislative_a power_n represent_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n the_o member_n of_o the_o commons_o house_n alone_o do_v not_o in_o that_o manner_n represent_v the_o commons_o of_o england_n the_o lord_n &_o the_o peer_n and_o the_o king_n for_o himself_o but_o all_o together_o do_v represent_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n no_o one_o or_o two_o of_o these_o body_n can_v herein_o be_v say_v to_o represent_v only_o any_o part_n every_o common_a person_n do_v herein_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n asmuch_o depend_v upon_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o lord_n as_o upon_o the_o member_n of_o the_o commons_o house_n and_o so_o do_v the_o king_n and_o the_o lord_n upon_o those_o member_n for_o the_o king_n the_o lord_n and_o commons_o as_o now_o by_o consent_n of_o former_a king_n it_o be_v settle_v be_v herewith_o joint_o trust_v as_o if_o three_o lord_n authorize_v three_o several_a person_n to_o sell_v their_o land_n if_o two_o of_o they_o sell_v it_o bind_v not_o therefore_o in_o judge_v that_o sale_n void_a no_o man_n be_v injure_v the_o lord_n be_v seize_v of_o their_o land_n as_o before_o and_o the_o person_n trust_v have_v the_o same_o power_n that_o be_v
therefore_o such_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n shall_v be_v tradesman_n which_o appear_v both_o by_o the_o foresay_a statute_n make_v 1_o h._n 5._o and_o the_o word_n 1._o of_o the_o writ_n of_o election_n by_o that_o statute_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o none_o shall_v be_v elect_v citizen_n or_o burgess_n but_o freeman_n dweller_n and_o inhabitant_n in_o such_o city_n and_o borough_n townes_n and_o by_o a_o statute_n make_v 23_o h._n 6._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o none_o shall_v be_v choose_v a_o knight_n of_o 15._o the_o shire_n but_o knight_n or_o notable_a esquire_n or_o gentleman_n bear_v and_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o be_v knight_n and_o no_o man_n to_o be_v such_o knight_n which_o stand_v in_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o yeoman_n and_o under_o and_o the_o word_n of_o the_o writ_n of_o election_n be_v these_o for_o the_o shire_n duos_fw-la milites_fw-la gladiis_fw-la cinctos_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o a_o city_n duos_fw-la cives_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o a_o borough_n duos_fw-la burgenses_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o both_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o by_o the_o writ_n the_o intent_n of_o the_o law_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v that_o for_o the_o shire_n gentleman_n for_o city_n and_o borough_n tradesman_n be_v to_o be_v elect_v and_o the_o member_n who_o serve_v for_o those_o corporation_n be_v above_o four_o time_n the_o number_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n so_o that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n for_o elect_a citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v observe_v as_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o far_o great_a part_n of_o that_o assembly_n must_v consist_v of_o tradesman_n and_o person_n very_o unapt_a to_o judge_v the_o law_n yet_o more_o proper_a for_o that_o service_n for_o which_o they_o be_v intend_v than_o such_o as_o be_v at_o this_o present_a usual_o choose_v whilst_o the_o statute_n and_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v therein_o observe_v we_o hear_v not_o of_o any_o tumultuous_a or_o disorderly_a proceed_n in_o that_o house_n but_o of_o late_a time_n and_o especial_o since_o the_o begin_n of_o king_n james_n his_o reign_n the_o borough_n town_n by_o procurement_n of_o factious_a person_n have_v more_o frequent_o choose_v such_o who_o be_v so_o far_o from_o have_v knowledge_n in_o the_o trade_n and_o traffic_n of_o those_o boroughe_n or_o be_v resident_a or_o dwell_v there_o as_o that_o they_o never_o see_v the_o town_n nor_o be_v the_o burgess_n ever_o see_v of_o any_o one_o of_o his_o elector_n yet_o contrary_a to_o the_o express_a negative_a word_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a statute_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o writ_n the_o commons_o house_n declare_v those_o election_n legal_a which_o show_v that_o these_o member_n be_v very_o uncapable_a to_o understand_v the_o law_n else_o a_o company_n of_o person_n who_o have_v illegal_o without_o any_o due_a election_n by_o faction_n as_o aforesaid_a pack_v themselves_o into_o that_o body_n and_o according_o resolve_v to_o observe_v no_o other_o law_n but_o their_o own_o will_n and_o so_o however_o 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the_o vote_n of_o both_o assembly_n counterfeit_v a_o deed_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o speaker_n of_o the_o high_a house_n purport_v a_o conveyance_n to_o himself_o of_o that_o lord_n estate_n will_v legal_o entitle_v he_o thereunto_o beside_o be_v that_o no_o counterfeit_a seal_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o county_n the_o free_a man_n of_o the_o city_n and_o borough_n be_v deprive_v of_o their_o freedom_n of_o election_n not_o dare_v as_o before_o be_v say_v to_o choose_v other_o but_o such_o as_o be_v intimate_v to_o they_o to_o be_v nominate_v by_o the_o house_n or_o the_o soldier_n they_o be_v not_o in_o law_n member_n of_o that_o assembly_n three_o the_o member_n although_o reduce_v to_o so_o small_a a_o number_n be_v not_o hereby_o cure_v of_o all_o their_o grief_n the_o haunt_v ghost_n and_o inseparable_a companion_n of_o every_o traitor_n fear_n and_o jealousy_n still_o stick_v close_o unto_o they_o by_o drive_v from_o the_o house_n such_o as_o visible_o oppose_v this_o 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himself_o and_o family_n as_o if_o it_o be_v take_v by_o way_n of_o ship-money_n loan_n or_o benevolence_n nor_o be_v any_o man_n hunger_n satisfy_v his_o thirst_n quench_v or_o his_o child_n clothe_v by_o be_v tell_v that_o this_o be_v do_v by_o the_o representative_a body_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v apparent_a that_o the_o people_n be_v hereby_o general_o impoverish_v and_o the_o member_n in_o pomp_n glory_n and_o wealth_n advance_v far_o beyond_o their_o rank_n and_o fortune_n we_o have_v a_o star-chamber_n and_o a_o high_a commission_n the_o judge_n whereof_o sometime_o impose_v exorbitant_a punishment_n but_o we_o have_v now_o the_o member_n style_v a_o parliament_n who_o have_v not_o only_o accumulate_v unto_o themselves_o the_o power_n of_o those_o court_n and_o of_o all_o other_o court_n of_o justice_n in_o the_o kingdom_n but_o have_v therein_o assume_v a_o unlimited_a power_n when_o they_o think_v fit_a to_o censure_v whether_o 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to_o alter_v the_o law_n in_o this_o case_n of_o tenor_n yet_o the_o people_n be_v not_o by_o this_o alteration_n any_o whit_n better_v it_o be_v true_a former_o the_o elder_a son_n or_o the_o heir_n of_o some_o particular_a person_n be_v during_o their_o minority_n subject_a to_o wardship_n but_o under_o the_o tyranny_n of_o these_o man_n and_o by_o the_o doctrine_n they_o preach_v the_o king_n and_o all_o the_o people_n be_v hereditary_a slave_n themselves_o all_o their_o child_n their_o child_n child_n and_o posterity_n for_o ever_o in_o person_n estate_n and_o fortune_n whether_o owner_n or_o not_o owner_n of_o land_n and_o however_o it_o be_v hold_v even_o to_o the_o world_n end_n be_v at_o all_o time_n at_o their_o absolute_a command_n suppose_v the_o king_n shall_v quit_v his_o right_n of_o tenor_n and_o then_o by_o other_o imposition_n wrest_v from_o the_o people_n 40_o time_n the_o value_n thereof_o these_o member_n will_v judge_v that_o to_o be_v no_o act_n of_o bounty_n and_o if_o so_o in_o the_o king_n case_n much_o worse_o it_o be_v in_o they_o for_o they_o neither_o have_v power_n in_o the_o one_o nor_o in_o the_o other_o they_o can_v acquit_v any_o one_o of_o wardship_n nor_o lawful_o tax_v the_o people_n one_o penny_n and_o suitable_a to_o this_o we_o heaâ—_n of_o another_o bounty_n intend_v the_o people_n say_v they_o must_v be_v ease_v of_o freequarter_n wherein_o the_o countryman_n be_v deal_v with_o as_o sometime_o it_o happen_v to_o a_o innocent_a man_n upon_o the_o rack_n who_o to_o gain_v a_o little_a respite_n from_o the_o present_a torment_n false_o accuse_v himself_o of_o a_o crime_n for_o which_o he_o be_v put_v to_o death_n or_o like_v unto_o the_o carriage_n of_o a_o sturdy_a bold_a thief_n whereof_o these_o time_n afford_v example_n enough_o who_o tell_v the_o owner_n of_o a_o horse_n that_o unless_o he_o may_v have_v the_o value_n of_o it_o he_o will_v steal_v the_o horse_n but_o have_v get_v the_o money_n take_v the_o horse_n too_o so_o here_o the_o people_n be_v pester_v with_o quarter_a of_o soldier_n and_o be_v so_o barbarous_o use_v by_o these_o inhuman_a wretch_n as_o that_o the_o poor_a man_n be_v prepare_v to_o part_n with_o their_o whole_a fortune_n to_o be_v ease_v of_o that_o present_a tyranny_n hereupon_o a_o new_a and_o a_o illegal_a tax_n of_o about_o 20000._o l._n the_o week_n be_v lay_v upon_o they_o which_o do_v although_o it_o a_o mount_v to_o twice_o treble_a the_o charge_n of_o quarter_a still_o the_o soldier_n must_v be_v bilit_v and_o their_o insolency_n hereby_o rather_o increase_v then_o abate_v these_o and_o such_o like_a be_v all_o the_o favour_n we_o can_v expect_v to_o have_v during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o these_o westminster-man_n to_o be_v short_a they_o have_v get_v possession_n of_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n and_o have_v usurp_v a_o arbitrary_a power_n so_o that_o do_v they_o incline_v thereunto_o they_o can_v do_v unto_o the_o people_n any_o considerable_a favour_n or_o act_v of_o grace_n for_o so_o long_o as_o they_o abide_v to_o these_o their_o own_o principle_n of_o which_o arbitrary_a power_n they_o can_v settle_v in_o any_o man_n a_o permanent_a estate_n interest_n power_n or_o authority_n wherein_o the_o city_n of_o london_n may_v be_v a_o pattern_n to_o the_o whole_a nation_n we_o see_v these_o westminster-man_n sometime_o judge_v it_o fit_a that_o the_o citizen_n shall_v enjoy_v all_o their_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n present_o upon_o that_o even_o by_o the_o same_o hand_n they_o be_v not_o permit_v so_o much_o freedom_n as_o from_o the_o lord_n major_n to_o the_o petty_a constable_n to_o elect_v one_o officer_n but_o those_o officer_n be_v place_v and_o displace_v at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o these_o member_n to_o day_n be_v grant_v to_o they_o their_o own_o militia_n to_o morrow_n by_o the_o same_o authority_n they_o be_v judge_v person_n of_o so_o base_a a_o condition_n as_o not_o capable_a of_o so_o great_a a_o power_n and_o not_o long_o after_o that_o court_v to_o accept_v of_o it_o again_o they_o be_v now_o exalt_v to_o the_o heaven_n and_o instant_o thereupon_o even_o by_o the_o same_o mouth_n and_o as_o it_o be_v with_o the_o same_o breath_n impeach_v of_o treason_n and_o this_o be_v every_o man_n condition_n suppose_v one_o by_o these_o member_n to_o be_v condemn_v to_o death_n be_v by_o they_o afterward_o pardon_v the_o next_o hour_n even_o by_o â—â—ese_n who_o pardon_v he_o may_v be_v put_v to_o death_n a_o estate_n of_o land_n a_o office_n or_o other_o power_n or_o authority_n be_v by_o these_o man_n give_v for_o life_n or_o in_o fee_n be_v it_o as_o strong_a and_o full_a as_o word_n can_v express_v it_o neither_o that_o nor_o any_o other_o act_n of_o these_o tyrant_n bind_v one_o minute_n long_o than_o they_o please_v and_o all_o this_o consonant_n to_o these_o their_o new_a principle_n for_o these_o man_n tell_v we_o their_o will_n be_v the_o law_n we_o have_v no_o other_o judge_n upon_o earth_n either_o in_o soul_n or_o body_n say_v they_o but_o themselves_o far_o otherwise_o it_o be_v with_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n under_o the_o king_n the_o king_n neither_o have_v nor_o claim_v power_n to_o tax_v the_o people_n or_o impose_v upon_o their_o estate_n but_o as_o the_o know_a law_n permit_v when_o the_o king_n have_v once_o make_v his_o grant_n either_o of_o land_n office_n power_n or_o authority_n he_o be_v conclude_v he_o can_v recall_v it_o or_o take_v to_o himself_o any_o thing_n in_o lieu_n thereof_o therefore_o shall_v the_o king_n quit_v his_o tenant_n of_o the_o foresay_a tenor_n and_o put_v down_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n it_o may_v proper_o be_v say_v a_o act_n of_o grace_n and_o bounty_n and_o so_o it_o be_v in_o all_o other_o thing_n grant_v by_o he_o
name_n but_o the_o power_n of_o judge_n the_o know_a law_n of_o the_o land_n be_v their_o rule_n to_o determine_v every_o question_n depend_v before_o oath_n they_o which_o they_o be_v swear_v to_o observe_v notwithstanding_o any_o command_n of_o the_o king_n the_o member_n or_o any_o person_n whatsoever_o and_o consequent_o every_o one_o be_v thereby_o preserve_v in_o his_o just_a interest_n but_o by_o the_o member_n take_v upon_o they_o both_o to_o nominate_v the_o judge_n and_o to_o declare_v the_o law_n the_o law_n itself_o be_v destroy_v and_o both_o king_n and_o people_n enslave_v upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n clear_v it_o be_v that_o the_o king_n and_o none_o else_o have_v power_n to_o nominate_v and_o authorise_v the_o aforesaid_a judge_n and_o officer_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o member_n of_o the_o two_o house_n have_v or_o shall_v either_o in_o the_o king_n name_n or_o in_o their_o own_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la appoint_v any_o person_n for_o judge_n in_o those_o court_n or_o in_o word_n by_o commission_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n or_o general_a gaol_n delivery_n give_v power_n to_o any_o to_o execute_v the_o office_n of_o judicature_n in_o circuit_n or_o otherwise_o such_o person_n have_v not_o the_o jure_fw-la the_o power_n of_o judge_n for_o the_o member_n have_v no_o more_o authority_n to_o make_v a_o judge_n or_o to_o give_v any_o such_o power_n than_o any_o other_o subject_n in_o the_o kingdom_n have_v therein_o and_o consequent_o all_o the_o judgement_n act_n and_o proceed_n of_o those_o nominal_a judge_n or_o such_o commissioner_n be_v void_a as_o thing_n do_v coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la every_o person_n by_o such_o authority_n who_o either_o in_o the_o king_n bench_n or_o at_o the_o assize_n or_o elsewhere_o have_v be_v or_o shall_v be_v condemn_v and_o execute_v for_o any_o crime_n whether_o guilty_a or_o not_o guilty_a be_v murder_v and_o every_o other_o judgement_n or_o sentence_n by_o they_o give_v either_o in_o capital_a criminal_a or_o civil_a affair_n be_v invalid_a in_o the_o next_o place_n it_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o king_n be_v the_o only_a supreme_a governor_n chap._n vii_o that_o the_o king_n be_v the_o only_a supreme_a governor_n unto_o who_o all_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n in_o point_n of_o sovereignty_n and_o government_n be_v bind_v to_o submit_v themselves_o against_o this_o undoubted_a right_n of_o the_o king_n these_o distraction_n have_v produce_v another_o treatise_n of_o mr._n pryn_n likewise_o publish_v by_o authority_n of_o the_o commons_o house_n entitle_v thus_o the_o parliament_n and_o kingdom_n be_v the_o sovereign_a power_n wherein_o his_o aim_n be_v to_o persuade_v the_o people_n that_o the_o member_n of_o the_o two_o house_n be_v the_o supreme_a governor_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o begin_v thus_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n and_o whole_a kingdom_n which_o it_o represent_v say_v he_o may_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o high_a sovereign_a power_n and_o 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to_o be_v observe_v and_o execute_v pardon_v the_o transgressor_n thereof_o and_o the_o like_a be_v true_a badge_n of_o a_o supreme_a governor_n all_o which_o be_v the_o king_n ☞_o sand_n for_o his_o minor_n take_v his_o meaning_n to_o be_v the_o true_a parliament_n that_o be_v the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n and_o it_o be_v false_a that_o the_o two_o house_n without_o the_o king_n have_v power_n legal_o to_o cancel_v or_o make_v void_a any_o commission_n patent_n or_o grant_v of_o the_o king_n for_o as_o before_o appear_v that_o unite_a body_n can_v speak_v or_o do_v any_o thing_n but_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o say_v the_o parliament_n without_o the_o king_n may_v make_v a_o law_n be_v as_o gross_a a_o contradiction_n as_o to_o affirm_v that_o the_o king_n may_v make_v a_o act_n without_o the_o king_n and_o his_o meaning_n be_v take_v to_o be_v the_o two_o house_n without_o the_o king_n in_o that_o sense_n the_o member_n have_v herein_o no_o power_n at_o all_o for_o 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mere_a non_fw-la sequitur_fw-la then_o say_v m._n pryn_n bill_n for_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v usual_o agree_v on_o before_o they_o come_v to_o have_v the_o king_n assent_n and_o such_o bill_n say_v he_o the_o king_n can_v alter_v but_o if_o the_o king_n send_v a_o bill_n which_o he_o desire_v to_o have_v pass_v it_o must_v be_v thrice_o read_v and_o assent_v unto_o by_o both_o house_n who_o say_v he_o have_v power_n to_o reject_v alter_v or_o enlarge_v it_o as_o they_o think_v fit_a answer_n this_o be_v a_o gross_a juggle_n all_o his_o word_n in_o some_o sense_n be_v true_a yet_o as_o he_o intend_v the_o vulgar_a shall_v apprehend_v his_o meaning_n nothing_o be_v more_o false_a it_o be_v true_a if_o the_o king_n send_v unto_o the_o house_n a_o bill_n for_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n they_o may_v alter_v the_o bill_n but_o that_o do_v until_o the_o king_n assent_v unto_o it_o so_o alter_v it_o be_v no_o law_n and_o so_o when_o both_o house_n present_v a_o bill_n to_o the_o king_n he_o may_v alter_v it_o but_o his_o royal_a assent_n make_v it_o not_o a_o law_n until_o the_o house_n have_v consent_v to_o it_o so_o alter_v yet_o unless_o m._n pryn_n be_v understand_v thus_o that_o when_o the_o king_n send_v a_o bill_n to_o the_o member_n that_o they_o may_v alter_v it_o and_o make_v it_o what_o they_o please_v and_o that_o new_a bill_n to_o bind_v the_o king_n without_o his_o further_a consent_n he_o have_v say_v nothing_o and_o that_o be_v his_o meaning_n he_o have_v abuse_v his_o reader_n with_o a_o gross_a falsity_n then_o m._n pryn_n observe_v the_o pen_n of_o the_o statute_n for_o subsidy_n which_o he_o set_v down_o thus_o your_o commons_o assemble_v humble_o present_v your_o majesty_n with_o the_o free_a gift_n of_o two_o entire_a subsidy_n which_o we_o humble_o beseech_v your_o majesty_n to_o accept_v therefore_o say_v he_o the_o commons_o have_v the_o sole_a power_n to_o grant_v or_o deny_v subsidy_n and_o say_v he_o they_o be_v the_o chief_n lawmaker_n 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question_n doubtful_a and_o the_o difference_n as_o in_o that_o between_o york_n and_o lancaster_n may_v continue_v long_o and_o experience_n show_v that_o the_o king_n in_o possession_n whether_o by_o right_n or_o wrong_n want_v not_o mean_n to_o declare_v his_o competiter_fw-la a_o usurper_n and_o therefore_o dangerous_a it_o be_v for_o the_o law_n to_o declare_v all_o such_o act_n of_o parliament_n void_a but_o admit_v that_o every_o statute_n make_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o a_o usurper_n to_o be_v as_o bind_v a_o law_n as_o any_o other_o how_o that_o prove_v that_o the_o legislative_a power_n be_v more_o in_o the_o member_n then_o in_o the_o king_n be_v not_o intelligible_a it_o rather_o prove_v the_o contrary_a it_o show_v there_o must_v be_v a_o king_n consent_n although_o a_o usurper_n else_o no_o law_n and_o if_o so_o strong_a it_o be_v when_o the_o king_n reign_v by_o a_o just_a title_n then_o say_v mr._n pryn_n the_o king_n have_v little_a or_o no_o hand_n in_o make_v law_n 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