ascension or descension also a kind of Spurge tree or Plant. Hellenism See Grecism Hellenize from hellenes to play the Grecian Hellenistical pertaining to Greece or the Grecians Hellespout Hellespontus the narrow Sea by Constantinople dividing Europe from Asia betwixt Propentis and the Aegean Sea It is now called Brachium Sancti Georgii Heluation heluatio a devouring gluttony Helme of the Rudder of a ship is a handle of wood put on the Rudder for the Steersman to govern the same and direct the ship which may be so called of Helm or Helmet For as a Helmet saves the head so does that by good guidance preserve the ship from dangers or as a Helmet is the top Armor piece for the head so is the Helm the top of the Stern or Rudder And in French Heaume one word signifies both Min. Helvetian of or pertaining to Switzerland otherwise called Helvetia Hemerobaptists hemerobaptistae daily Baptists a Sect so called because they did every day wash themselves Epiph. l. 1. Tom. 1. ch 17. Hemerologe hemorologium a Kalendar or Register declaring what is done every day a Day-book Hemi Gr. half a word used only in composition as Hemicade hemicadium a half Hogshead Hemicircular half round Hemicranick hemicranicus subject to the sickness called Megrim or Hemicrain See Megrim Hemicycle hemicyclus half a circle a compass or half round chair Hemiplexy hemiplexia the palsie in half the body Hemisphere hemisphaerium half the compass of the visible heavens Hemistick hemistichium half a verse Hemorrhagy Gr. an abundant Flux of blood Cotg. Hemorrhoide hemorrhois a disease in the Fundament like Teats or Warts by the swelling of the vein out of which issueth blood called Piles corruptly called Emrods Henchman or Heinsman is a German word signifying ' a Domestick or one of a family it is used with us for one that runs on foot attending on a person of honor A. 3. E. 4. c. 5. An. 24. H. 8. ca. 13. Hence comes our word hine or hinde a servant for husbandry Hepatical Hepatarian hepatarius of or pertaining to the Liver Hepatiques obstructions of the Liver or books treating of the Liver Hepta Gr. Septem seven Hence Heptagon Gr. that has seven angles or corners Heptagonal Pertaining to a Heptagon Heptaphony heptaphonia the having seven sounds Heptarchy heptarchia a kind of Government where seven rule as in England when there were seven Kings viz. 1. The King of Kent 2. Of South-Saxons 3. Of the West Saxons 4. Of the East Saxons 5. Of Northumberland 6 Of Mercia 7. Of the East Angles Of which see more in Sir Rich. Bakers Chroniele fol. 6 7. Herald Heralt See Harold Herbage Fr. signifies in our Common Law the fruit of the earth provided by nature for the bit or mouth of the Cattle But it is most commonly used for that liberty a man hath to feed his Cattle in another mans ground as in the Forest c. Crompt Jurisd fol. 197. Herbalist or Herbâ—st herbarius one that understands the nature and temper of herbs one cunning in Simples Herbenger from the Fr. Herberger i. to harbor or lodge signifies with us an Officer of the Princes Court that alots the Noblemen and those of the Household their lodgings It signifies also in Kitchin an Inkeeper fol. 176 Herbert Germ. signifies famous Lord bright Lord or glory of the Army Cam. Herbiferous herbifer bringing forth herbs or grass Herbosity herbositas abundance of herbs or grass Herbulent herbulentus full of grass or herbs Hercules Pillars On the North side of the Straight called of old Fretum Herculeum was Mount Calpe on the South Mount Abila on which Hercules placed his so memorized Pillars with the Inscription Nil Vltra because that was then conceived to be the most Western bound of the world But Charls the fifth after the discovery of America coming that way caused Plus Vltra to be engraven either on the old Pillars or else on new erected in their places Hercules is said to have faln into the Falling-sickness by over much eating Quails which disease has ever since been termed Hercules sickness Dr. Muffet Herculean Herculane Herculeus of or belonging to Hercules pertaining to a valiant fellow difficile hard invincible So Herculean labor a Proverb signifying a work of great difficulty or almost impossible to be atchieved which took beginning from the twelve labors of Hercules of which see Rider Here de Caesar i. the Monarchy of Caesar An ancient account of time used instead of the year of our Lord in Spain especially as also among the Arabs and Sarrazens It took date 38 years before Christs Nativity and was used in Spain till the year 1383. which was of Here de Caesar 1421. Heremitical See Eremitical Heresie 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 haeresis an opinion contrary to some point of faith whereof Eusebius Platina St. Austin and other learned Authors make mention of very many since our Saviours time As Simonians Menandrians Ebionites Cerinthians Nicholaitans Saturnians Carpocratians Gnosticks Valentinians Marcionites Cleobians Dorothians Gorthenians Masuberthians Encratites Basilides Cataphrygians Arabes Helchesaites Novatians Catharians Sabellians Manicheans Arrians Pelagians Helonitians Hermoginians Peputians Quintillians Colliridians Priscillianists Hemerobaptists Anthropomorphits Chilliasts or Millenarians Massilians Dimocrites Garasians Paterons Poor men of Lyons Aquarians Speronists Fraticelli Adamites Orebites Taborites Noetians Hydroparastates Artotyrites Ptholemaites Stacioicques Phibionites Helionites Heracleonites Antitades Perades Phrygians Colarbasians Docites Borborians Zacheans Naasanians Phemionitaius Sethranians Caynians Codians Ophites Severians Paulianists Catabaptists Arbigeois Archontiques Hierarchites Seileutians Felicians Nestorians Jacobitans Monothelitanes The Acephalick Sects of Barcotobas Cerdon Tatian Redon Apelles Basilicus Sirenus Montanus Theodorus Paulus Samosatenus Ogdoades Artemon Natalis Galien Berillus Nepos Liberius Macedonius Helvidius Ethicianus Hermogenes Epiphanes Pontinus Sinerus Prepon Pithon Cleobulus Praxeas Asclepiodotus Hermophilus Apolonides Themison Theodotus Florinus Blattus Isidorus Secundus Portitus Bardesianus Symmachus Theodocion Lucius Apolinarius Acatus Donatus Olympius Adimantius Alogios Bertoldus Paliardus the Philosopher Almerick Guillaume of holy love Hermand Durcine Quintinists Severists Campanists c. with infinite more See Prateolus In this latter age those that have most abounded are Anabaptists Antinomians Brownists Socinians Arminians Erastians Quakers Adamites Anti-Trinitarians Anti-Scripturians c. with many others of which see Mr. Ross his View of all Religions Heresie as the Fathers define it is a mis-belief in some points of Faith contrary to the Doctrine universally received in the Church Cressy Heresiark haeresiarchus an Arch-Heretick a principal Heretick a Sect-Master Heretick haereticus a person wilfully and stifly maintaining false opinions against the Scriptures and Doctrine of the Church after due admonition Tit. 3.10 Wil. Dict. Heretoga Sax. was our antient appellation for the cheif Conductor of an Army for which we have long since used our borrowed French word Duke from the Latin Dux Here in the antient Teutonick is an Army and toga signifies to draw or train forward The Netherlanders for Duke do yet use the
They are called Beatitudes because the Scripture says Beati qui c. they are blessed that are in any of those states Beatrice beatrix that makes happy or blessed a womans name Beavis may seem probably to be corrupted from the name of the famous Geltique King Bellovesus The French having made in like sort Beauvis of the old City Bellouacum In both these is a significancy of beauty In later times Bogo hath been used in Latin for Beavis Camden Beazar-stone breeds in the Maw of the Goat called a Beazar and is much used in Physick as a Cordial but there are several kinds of it Bec. See Bek Bechical bechicus pertaining to a Cough Becoâ—â—aâ— Signifies money paid for the maintenance of Beacons Bede Beade Sax. he that prays or a devout man as Eucherius or Eusebius in Greek we retain still Bedemaâ— or Bedesmaâ— in the same sense and to say our Bedes is to say our prayers Camden Bede was also the name of a most learned English Monk commonly mentioned with the Epithete Venerable which was a title given him even in his life time for his eminent learning gravity and sanctity of life he lived in a Monastery near Newcastle upon Tine in the seventh age dying about the year of Christ 734. he wrote a multitude of Books the Catalogue whereof may be seen in Dr. Pits De illustribus Angliae Scriptoribus Bedpheere Sax. a Bed-fellow Beemol Fr. the flat key in Musick Bac. Bede-roll Sax. is a roll or list of such as Priests were wont to pray for in Churches Bedle or Bâ—â—el Sax. Bâ—del or from the Heb. Badhal because they separate the good from the bad or beggars from rich men Bedlem See Bethlem Begletbeg i. the Lord of Lords a Vice-Roy or supreme Commander under the Great Turk that commands both the Sansiakes and Bassa's of these there are onely two the one of Greece the other of Natolia and are by the Turks called Rumely In the Persian tongue it signifies a Marquess Herb. Beguines an order of Nuns or religious women who are commonly all old or well in years Cot. Bek or Bec a Phrygian word signifying bread Herodotus declares lib. 2. that Psammeticus a King of the Egyptians was desirous on a time to make trial what language a Childe would naturally speak being brought up among dumb people or where no speech should be heard to the end he might judge thereby what was the most antient and natural Language and did therefore cause two children to be nursed in a Forest where no voice of man could be heard after four years were past being brought before the King they could sometimes pronounce this word Bec whereupon some gathered that the Phrygian was the first language of man But as St. Augustine saith these children might have learned the word Bec and so retained it of Goats among which they were nourished For as he shews in his Work of the quantity of the Soul all manner of speaking is by hearing and imitation Notwithstanding he believes that before the confusion of Tongues at Babel the Hebrew Language was natural to all Aug. in Civit. Dei lib. 16. cap. 11. Beck Danish Becc a Brook in Yorkeshire Bed-rid or Bed-red Sax. Bedreda one so weak by sickness or old age that he cannot rise from his bed Beest or Beestings quasi breastlings the first milk that comes from the Teat after the birth of any thing Min. Behiram A Feast among the Turks wherein they pardon all injuries H. Court To Belage is a Sea-term and signifies to make fast any running Rope when it is hailed as much as you would so that it cannot run forth again till it be loosed Bel-videre The Popes Palace in Rome so called the word signifies fair to see or pleasant to behold As Belvoir Castle in Lincolnshire the noble Seat of the Earl of Rutland also doth Bel In the Chaldean tongue signifies the Sun and therefore Ninus and Semarimis gave that name to their Father Bel or Belus that he might be honored as the Sun which the Babylonians worshipped as a God Bel also is a contract of Behel which comes of Bahal a Lord it was not onely the particular Idol of the Babylonians but a general name of the Idols in the East agreeing to all the Idols of the Gentiles as some write Jer. 9 5. 1 King 18 25. Bellacity bellacitas warlikeness Belgick Belgian belgicus pertaining to the Low-Countries or Netherlands called Belgia Belial Heb. a wicked unprofitable fellow one without yoke and is many times taken for the devil Bellatrice bellatrix a warrioress a woman well skilled in war a virago Bellicose bellicosus valiant in arms warlike apt to war Belligerate belligero to make war to fight Bellipotent bellipotens mighty in wars puissant at Arms. Bellitude bellitudo fairness Bellona The Goddess of War Belluine belluinus of or belonging to beasts beastly cruel Belomancy Gr. a Divination by Arrows Vul Er. Belzebub or Beelzebub Heb. signifies an Idol of flies or the flye-God worshipped by the Cyreneans and Ekronites but it is commonly used for the Prince or chief of the Devils As in Luk. 11.15 In Beelzebub Principe Daemoniorum ejicit Daemonia See Mr. Cowels notes on his Poems p. 30. Benet contracted from Benedictus blessed or happy a mans name Benedict benedictum a good saying an honest report Benjamin Heb. the son of the right hand or filius dierum Philo. Benedictines or Benedictine Monks a sort of Religious persons so called from St. Benedict who was born at Nursia in Vmbria An. 482. he gathered the Monks of Italy together and gave them a rule in writing Their habit is a loose Gown of black their under Garment white woollen their Crowns shaven Of this antient Order have been above fifty Popes and at least 200 Cardinals c. Benefact benefactum a good deed or benefit To Be-negro to make black or of the nature of Negroes Benemerent benemerens that deserves well Beneplacity beneplacitum that which pleaseth well good liking Benevolent benevolens favourable bearing good will friendly Benificence beneficentia liberality well-doing Bention blessing Chaucer Bernard or Barnard Germ. St. Bernards Cluniac Monks draw it from Bona nardus by allusion some turn it hard child If it be derived as the Germans will have it from Bearne which signifies a bear it is answerable to Arthur others yet more judicially translate Bernard into filialis indoles child-like disposition towards Parents as Bernher Lord of many children Cam. Verstegan says the true Orthography is Beornhart and by corruption Bearnheart i.e. Bears-heart Bernardines See Cistercians Berry or Bury Sax. a dwelling place or Court The chief house of a Mannor or the Lords seat is so called in some parts of England to this day especially in Herefordshire where there are the Berries of Luston Stockton c. Besant See Bizantine Besestain an Exchange or the chief Market-place among the Turks See Bisestano Bethlem or Bedlem from the Hebrew Beth-e-ehem i. Domus panis a house of bread a
it was enacted by Parliament in the time of the Conqueror no man then living could tell how much that was so as it was referred to the King to rate how much he should pay which was the more strange considering but 100 years before 200000 Bezants were exacted by the Soldan for redeeming St. Lewis of France which were then valued at 100000 livres The name continues yet in the blazons of Arms where plates of gold are called Bezants and a great piece of gold valued at 15. l. which the King of England formerly offered on high festival days was called a Bizantine but afterward there were two purposely made for the King and Queen with the resemblance of the blessed Trinity inscribed In honorem sanctae Trinitatis and on the other side the picture of the Virgin Mary with In honorem sanctae Mariae Virginis and this was used til the first year of King James who caused two to be new cast the one for himself having on the one side the picture of a King kneeling before an Altar with four Crowns before him implying his four Kingdoms and in the circumscription Quid tribuam Domino pro omnibus quae tribuit mihi On the other side a Lamb lying by a Lyon with Cor contritum humiliatum non despiciet Deus And in another for the Queen a Crown protected by a Cherubin over that an eye and Deus in a cloud with Teget ala summus on the reverse a Queen kneeling before an Altar with this Circumscription Piis precibus fervente fide humili obsequio Cam. Rem The French Kings were also accustomed to offer 13 Besants at the Mass of their Coronation in Rheims to which end Hen. 2. after some discontinuance of that custom caused the same number of them to be made and called them Bysantins but they were not worth above a double Ducket the piece Cot. Black-rod Is the Huissier or Usher belonging to the order of the Garter So called of his black-rod which he carries in his hand he was of the Kings Chamber and Usher of the Lords House in Parliament Min. Blain Sax. Blegene a kind of Bile or Ulcer drawing quickly to a head with a vehement inflammation of the whole part about it Blancmanget Fr. a kind of Custard a white meat made of flower milk sugar and the brains of Pullets Bac. Blanch Fr. white or fair we use it in England for a womans name Blandishment from Blandio or from the Fr. Blandissement a soothing smoothing tickling of the mind and affection with terms of flattery an alluring enticing Blandiloquence blandiloquentia fair-speaking flattering Blatant babling twatling Clievland Blateron or Blatteroon blatero a babler an idle-headed fellow Mr. How Blatteration blateratio vain-babling flattering in speech Blaze is a certain fire which the Inhabitants of Staffordshire and some other Counties were wont and still do make on Twelf-Eve 5. Jan. at night in memory of the Blazing-Star that conducted the three Magi to the Manger at Bethlem Blazon Fr. is the description of armâ—s and their appurtenances by the received terms or other apt expressions of things by words Elements of Ar. Blemishe marks made by hunters to shew where a Deer hath gone Blend Sax. to mix or mingle together Blepharen blepharo onis he that hath great brows or eye-lids Blesiloquent blaesiloquus broad-spoken or that speaks stammeringly Blith Sax. joyful glad merry chearful Bliwmantle The name of an Office of one of the Poursuivants at Arms. See Harold To Blissome as the Ram doth the Ewe i. to Tup her So to go a blissoming is to desire the Ram. Rider Blomary the first Forge in an iron Mill through which the iron passeth after it is once melted out of the Mine Bloudwit from the Sax. blout i. blood and wit for which we have the word wite still in the west parts of England signifying a charging of one with a fault or an upbraiding This Bloodwit is a word used in Charters of Liberties antiently granted and signifies an amerciament for shedding blood So that whosoever had it given him in his Charter had the penalty due for shedding blood granted him Cow Fleta saith Significat quietantiam misericordia pro effusione sanguinis lib. 1. cap. 47. Boccone Ital. a morsel a good bit Sometimes taken for poison Bociant Sax. a possession an inheritance a Farm or house with land belonging to it Boethetic Gr. a part of Physick See Medicine Boillary or Bullary of Salt a little house or furnace where Salt is boiled and made as at Droitwich in Worcestershire Co. instit p. 4. b. Bole-Armoniack a kind of faint red colour used by Painters the chiefest use of it is in making a Size for burnished gold Peacham Bolus Lat. a morsel or mouthful In physick it is a medicament of a middle consistency betwixt a Potion and a Pill Bombard bombarda a Gun or peice of Ordnance Hence Bombardical thundering or roaring like a peece of Ordnance How Bombycinous bombycinus that is made of silk or silken Bombilation bombilatio a humming as of Bees Br. Bonaght was an exaction in Ireland imposed at the will of the Lord for relief of the Knights called Bonaghti that served in the Wars Antiq. Hiber p. 60. Bonair Fr. gentle mild courteous Bonairite Fr. gentleness mildeness courtesie Bonasus See Monops Bonaventure bonaventura good adventure the name of a great Saint and Doctor a Frier of St. Francis Order that lived and flourished in the thirteenth age after Christ Bonefire is well known in the modern use of it and was so called from the antient custom of burning dead mens bones Bone-minâ— Fr. a good countenance posture or shew Bongrace Fr. a certain cover which children use to wear on their Foreheads to keep them from sun-burning so called because it preserves their good grace and beauty Bonhemes Fr. i. good men a religious Order of Friers instituted by St. Francis de Paula a Town of Calabria in Italy a person of eminent sanctity and austerity of life and of that humility that he stiled himself the least or meanest of men and ordered the followers of his Institute or Rule to take the appellation of Minimi the least or unworthiest among men and thence they are commonly called Minims or Minorites One point of mortification whereunto the Regulars of that Order tie themselves by vow besides their three Vows of Chastity Poverty and Obedience is a total abstinence from flesh-meats It is an Order much reverenced in France where the Founder lived and died at Tours an 1507. There were two Convents of these formerly in England the one at Asbridge in Buckinghamshire the other at Edington in Wiltshire Bonifate bonifatus that hath good fortune or fate Boniface bonifacius wel-doer or good and sweet face A name of divers as well Popes of Rome as others Bon-jour Fr. good morrow or good-day Boon Sax. Beuâ— Chaucer Bonâ— a petition or request Bâ—ö◠Gr. a slow working Star in the North Pole near Charles wain which it follows Boras or
of our Saviour Jesus Christ As the Romans made their computation from the building the City of Rome and the Grecians numbered their years by the Olympiads or Games called Olympick So Christians in remembrance of the happy Incarnation and blessed birth of our Saviour reckon the time from his Nativity See Epoch Dominical dominicus pertaining to the Lord and Master The Dominical Letter in Calenders is so called from a kinde of preheminence it hath above the rest of the letters in token whereof it is of red colour representing the purple which is a robe of dignity or rather because it shews the Dominical or Lords day thoughout the year Min. Dominicaâ—s otherwise called Preaching or Black Friers a religious Order instituted by St. Dominick a Spaniard about the year 1206. he sent his Associates to preach the Gospel even to the furthest parts of the world then known which they did with great success as their Successors since have done and do still even in India and America This Order was confirmed by Pope Honorius the Third about the year 1216. Domino a kind of hood or habit for the head worn by Canons and hence also a fashion of vail used by some women that mourn Dominicide dominicida he that kills his Master Domition Domiture domitura a taming or breaking Donary donarium a gift or present properly to a holy use Donatists a Sect of Hereticks so called from Donatus Bishop of Carthage the first broacher of the Heresie who lived about the year 358 in the time of Pope Liberius and the Emperor Constantine Their prime tenet was that the true Church was onely in Africk and that out of Africk there was no true Baptism they held also that the Son in the mystery of the Blessed Trinity was less then the Father and the Holy Ghost less then the Son with other damnable points c. See Circumcellians Donative donativum a Princes benevolence or gift A Donative Benefice is that which is meerly given and collated by the Patron to a man without either presentation to or institution by the Ordinary or Induction by his commandment Fitzh nat br fo 35. E. See the Statute A. 8. R. 2. ca. 4. Donative donativus adjectively that is able or apt to give Doniferous donifer that carries a gift Donor in our Common Law signifies the giver and Donee he or she to whom a gift is given Dooms-day-book so called because upon any difference the parties received their doom from it Others less probably say t is called Dooms-day-book Quasi domus Dei Book But to confirm the former Etymology it is called in Latin Liber Judiciarius See Antient Demeasn Dorado Span. a thing guilded or guilt It is used in Religio Medici fo 135. for a man that hath a fair out-side but no qualities or good parts within Dorick Dialect dilaectus Dorica one of the five Dialects of the Greek tongue Vide Dialect Dorick-work is a term in Architecture and signifies one of the five orders of Pillars mentioned by Vitruvius See Tuscan Dorick or Dorian Musick Dorica musica a kind of grave and solemn Musick and therefore assigned to great Personages and so called because the Dorians first devised it Dormant Fr. a term in Heraldry as a Lion dormant i. a Lyon sleeping or lying in a sleeping posture Dormitive from dormio that causeth sleep Dorp Belg. a Village or Country Town See Thorp A Dorter Dortoire or Dormitory dormitorium a place where many sleep together so was the place antiently and still is called where religious persons are wont to take their nights rest in their Covents many in the same room Dose from Dosis i. a giving the quantity of Potion or Medicine which a Physitian appoints his Patient to take at once Dotkiy A thing of small value a kind of coyn Stanf. pl. cor fo 37. it seems to come of the Dutch word Duytkeâ— that is the eighth part of a Styfer or French Shilling of which Styfers ten in the Low Countries or ten Sols in France are of the same value with an English shilling viz. twelve pence Min. Dovetaild is a term among Joyners and signifies that particular sort of joyning boards together so called when one peece of the one goes into or mingles with the other and is much better and more costly then a common plain joyning boards together Doublet Fr. a counterfeit Jewel or stone of two peeces joyned or glewed together Dotal dotalis belonging to a Dowry or Joynture Dovane Fr. Douane the name of the Custom-house of Lyons hence also any Custom or Impost Dowager dótata a Widow indowed or that hath a Jointure a title applied to the Widows of Princes and great Personages onely Downes With us hath two significations the one certain hilly Plains in the West Country so called and this Down comes from the old Saxon Dune i. a hill commonly that stretcheth it self out in length The other a certain part of the Sea lying near the Sands upon the coast of Kent where commonly our English Navy rides and this we borrow from the Hollanders who call the Sand-banks which lye on the Sea-side the Dunes And the Town of Dunkirk rightly in English Dun-Church took denomination from its being scituate in the Dunes or Sand-banks of the Sea Verst Dower Dowry dos signifies in our Common Law two things First That which the Wife brings to her Husband in marriage otherwise called Maritagium Mariage good Next and more commonly That which she hath of her Husband after the Marriage determined if she out-live him Glanvile l. 7. ca. 2. Bracton l. 2. ca. 38. See more in Cowel And you may see the form of a Dowry Bill among the Jews in Moses and Aaron p. 235. Dowsets The stones of a Stag or Buck so called by Hunts-men Doxology Gr. a song of praise a speaking or giving glory as when we say Glory be to the Father c. that is properly Doxology and is said to be composed by the first Council of Nice and St. Jerome to be the Author of adding the other Versicle As it was in the beginning c. View of Directory fo 32 33. Doxy a she Rogue a woman man Beggar a lowzy Quean Draco's Laws Laws which for being extream severe and cruel are therefore said to be written rather with blood then ink such are those that punish trivial offences with death or some other excessive torment So called from â—raco an antient and severe Law-maker in Athens Dram drachma the eighth part of an ounce it contains three Scruples every scruple being of the weight of twenty wheat corns So that a Dram is the just weight of Sixty corns of wheat Also a peece of money among the Grecians the most usual whereof valued of ours â— d. ob Dramatick dramaticum a kind of Poetry when the persons are every one adorned and brought upon the Theater to speak and act their own parts Hobbi See Poesie Drap-de berry a thick kind of cloth so called for that it was
leaning hard upon him stops the passage of breath Min. See Incubus Ephippiated ephippiatus sadled or that hath a saddle on his back Ephod Hebr. a Priestly Garment used antiently to be worn by the Priests among the Jewes whereof there were two kinds The first was made of gold and twisted silk of purple scarlet and violet colour and fine linnen with broidered work and this onely belonged to the High Priest and was onely used by him when he executed his function it covered the back and the breast and on the shoulders there were set two great precious Onyx stones and in them graven the names of the twelve Sons of Jacob called the twelve Patriarchs in the right shoulder the six eldest and in the left the six youngest that the High Priest going into the Sanctum Sanctorum to officiate might among other things be put in mind he was to pray to God for the posterity of those twelve Patriarchs The other was of white linnen used by the inferior Priests Levites and also by Laicks Moses and Aaron p. 14. Epicedium Lat. a Funeral Song or verses in praise of the dead which were wont to be sung before the Corps were buried Epicene epicaenus common of both Sexes or kinds The Epicene Gender is that which concludes both Sexes under one Article as Aquila being declinable onely with the feminine Article signifies both the male and female of Eagles Epichrists epichrista ointments Epicurean or Epicure one that gives himself wholly to pleasure especially to gluttony Heretofore it signified one that followed the Sect of the Philosopher Epicurus who taught that the greatest happiness was to be without pain and to enjoy pleasure of body and mind and that death was nothing nor any thing after death Epicurean epicureus voluptuous given to nothing but pleasure and gluttony Epicurism epicurismus the manner or custom of an Epicure a living wholly according to sense and pleasure in eating drinking c. Epicycle epicyclus a term in Astronomy signifying a lesser circle whose center or middle part is in the circumference of a greater In the upper part of this Epicycle the five Planets Saturn Jupiter Mars Venus and Mercury go forward according to the course of the Signs as Aries to Taurus c. in the lower part they are retrogade that is go backward as from Gemini to Taurus from Taurus to Aries again Between these two Motions are said to be two Stations viz. when a Planet ceaseth going forward and begins to retrograde or coming to the furthest point of his retrogradation goes forward again So that in the Epicycle these Planets wheel about sometimes according sometimes contrary to the order of the Signs Bull. Epick or Epique epicus a sort of Poesie which is made in Heroical and lofty Verses most commonly Hexameters See Poesie Epidemy epidemia an universal sickness and general infection a most catching or contagious disease Epidemical epidemicus publick universal infectious contagious Epigamy epigamia affinity by marriage with other Nations Epigastrick epigastricus pertaining to the outward part of the belly from the bulk to the privities Epigram epigramma signifâ—es properly a superscription or writing set upon any thing now it is commonly taken for a short witty Poem which under a feigned name does covertly praise or tax some particular person or thing Epigrammatist epigrammatista a maker of Epigrams Epigrammatographer epigrammatographus a writer of Epigrâ—ms Epigraph epigraphe an inscription or title Epilepsie epilepsia the Falling-sickness whereto most commonly children and young folks are most subject This disease is caused by some humor or vapour suddenly stopping the passage of spirits in the brain which the brain striving to expel causeth â—he Patient to fall down and commonly foam at the mouth Bull. Epileptick epilepticus that hath the Falling-sickness Epilogism Gr. a computation or a numbering by way of repetition Greg. Epilogue epilogus the conclusion or knitting up of a matter a Speech made after an Interlude or Play ended Epilâ—gize epilogizo to conclude or deliver an Epilogue Epiod epiodium a song sung before the Corps were buried Epiphany epiphania an appearing of light or a manifestation The feast of Twelfth day after Christmas is so called in memory and honor of Christs manifestation or apparition made to the Gentiles by a miraculous blazing Star by vertue whereof he drew and conducted the three Magi or Sages commonly called the three Kings who upon sight of that star came out of the East into the Country of Palestine or Jewry to adore him in the Manger where they presented him as on this day with Mirh Gold and Frankinsence in testimony of his Regality Humanity and Divinity The Vigil of this Feast was of old called Vigilia Luminum And the Antients were wont to send lights one to another Greg. Arthur the Brittish King is said to have begun the custom of solemnizing the Twelve days in Christmass with such Feasts and Sports as yet are or lately were used by the Lords of mis-rule in some Gentlemens houses Heyl. See Balthazar Episcopal episcopalis of or like a Bishop Episcopate episcopo to play the Bishop to oversee diligently Epistyle epistylium an architrave also a little Pillar set upon a greater Epistolary epistolaris serving for Letters or Epistles Epitaph epitaphium an Inscription or writing set upon a Tomb most commonly in lamentation or praise of the party there buried The invention whereof is referred to the Scholars of Linus who first bewailed their Master when he was slain in doleful verses then called of him Aelina afterwards Epitaphia for that they were first sung at burials after engraved upon the Sepulchers According to Plato's Laws an Epitaph should be comprised in four Verses The Lacedemonians reserved this honor only to Martial men and chaste women Cam. Epitasis Gr. the second and busiest part of a Comedy which signifies the intention or exaggeration of matters See Catastasis Epithalamy epithalamium a Bridal Song or Poem or a Song at a Wedding in commendation of the parties married Such was that of Solomon Psal 45. wherein the praise of the Church and her spiritual Marriage and Union with Christ is set down Such also is that of Stella in Statius and of Julia in Catullus c. It is so called from the Greek word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. apud and Thalamus a Bed-Chamber but more properly a Bride-Chamber because this Song was used to be sung at the door of the Bride-Chamber when the Bride bedded There are two kinds of Epithalamies the one used to be sung at night when the married couple entred Bed the other in the morning to raise them up Min. Epithalamize to make or sing an Epithalamy or Bridal song Epitheme epithema a kind of liquid medicine applied to an outward part of the body by a piece of thin linnen or cotten dipped in it thereby to supple the place or cool and comfort the inward Heart Stomack or Liver that 's under it Epithemetical belonging to such a kind of
twenty sols tournois which amounts to near 2 s. sterl Francis Ger. from Franc that is free not servile or bound The same with the Gr. Eleutherius and the Lat. Liberius Cam. Franciscans or Franciscan Friers a Religious Order instituted by St. Francis an Italian about the year of our Lord 1198. and confirmed by Pope Innocent the Third His rule prescribed Chastity Obedience Poverty much fasting and other austerities to all that should be admitted of that Order Of which you may read more in St. Bonaven de vita St Francisci Out of this great Order have sprung divers others as Observantes Conventuales Minimi Capuciani Collectanei c. Frangible frangibilis that may be broken breakable Franchise Fr. liberty freedom exemption also good breeding free-birth it is taken with us for a priviledge or exemption from ordinary Jurisdiction and sometimes an immunity from tribute c. Frank-Almoin libera Eleemosyna in French Franc Aumosne signifies in our Common Law a Tenure or Title of Lands Britton Cap. 66. num 5. saith thus of it Frank-Almoine is Lands or Tenements bestowed upon God that is given to such people as bestow themselves in the service of God for pure and perpetual Almes whence the Feoffers or givers cannot demand any terrestrial service so long as the Lands remain in the hands of the Feoffees Frank marriage Fr. Franc-marriage is a Tenure in Tayl special growing from these words in the gift Sciant c. Me T.B. de O. dedisse c. I.A. filio meo Marg. uxori ejus filiae verae T.N. in liberum maritagium unum Messagium c. West p. 1. Symb. l. 2. Sect. 303. The effect of which words is that they shall have the Land to them and the Heirs of their bodies and shall do no fealty to the Donor till the fourth Degree c. Frank pledge franciplegium is compounded of franc i. libâ—r and pledge i. fidejussor a free-pledge or surety and signifies in our Common Law a pledge or surety for free-men Fraternize from frater to agree as brothers to concur with or be near unto also to admit into a Fraternity Brotherhood or Society Fraternal fraternalis of or belonging to a brother Fratricelli a Sect of Hereticks broached by one Hermannius an Italian about the year of Christ 1304. in time of Pope Benedict the eleventh and Albertus the first Emperor they were otherwise called fratres de paupere vita brothers of a poor life 1. They taught promiscuous beddings that nothing was to be held proper or ones own that Christians are not to be Governors of a Commonwealth with other foolish errors condemned by Pope Boniface the eigth Fratricide fratricidium brother-slaughter Fratruelâ— fratrueles brothers children cousin Germans Fraudation fraudatio a deceiving or beguiling Fradulent fradulentus crafty deceitful full of guil Free-booters See Banditi Frederic Germ. Rich peace or as the Monk which made this allusion would have it peaceable reign Est adhibenda fides rationi nominis hujus Compositi Frederic duo componentia cujus Sunt Frederic Frith quid nisi Pax Ric quid nisi regum Sic per Hendiaden Fredericus quid nisi vel Rex Pacificus vel regia Pax Pax pacificusque For Frederic the English have commonly used Frery and Fery which has been now a long time a Christian name in the antient Family of Tilney and lucky to their house as they report Cam. Freed-stool Sax. i. sedes pacis was of old a refuge for malefactors at Beverley in Yorkshire where St. John of Beverley Archbishop of York erected a Monastery which King Athelstan made a Sanctuary to secure offenders against all legal prosecution Frement fremens gnashing or grinding the teeth roaring or braying Frenigerent fraeniger that ruleth the bridle Frescades Fr. refreshments as in Summer time light garments cool air cool places cool drinks Bowres or shades over-spread with green boughs Fresco Ital. fresh cool coldish also unsalt new laid new made sweet green or lusty As we say to walk or drink in Fresco i. to walk in the cool or fresh air or to drink cool or fresh wine Fretrots a sort of Sectaries which wore a secret Crown on their heads incestuous as Adamites by night and suppressed in the year 1310. Friable friabilis that may be crummed or broken smal Bac. Frication or Friation fricatio a rubbing or fretting together Friar or Frier from the Lat. Frater or from the Fr. frére i. a brother there are four principal Orders reckoned of them An. 4. H. 4. ca. 17. viz. Minors Grey Friers or Franciscans Augustins Dominicans or Black Friers and White Friers or Carmelites from these four Orders the rest descended See in Zecchius de Repuh Eccl. p. 380. And Linwood tit de Relig. Domibus ca. 1. verbo St. Augustin Frier Observant frater observans is an Order of Franciscans it is to be noted that of these four Orders mentioned in the word above the Franciscans are Minores tam observantes quam conventuales Capuchini Zecch de Repub. Eccl. tract de regular cap. 2. These Friers Observant mentioned An. 25. H. B. ca. 12. are so called because they are not combined together in any Cloister Covent or Corporation as the Conventuals are but onely tye themselves to observe the Rules of their Order and more strictly then the Conventuals do and upon a singularity of zeal separate themselves from them living in certain places and companies of their own chusing and of this you may read Hospinian de Orig prog Monachatus fol. 878. ca. 38. Fricasse Fr. fricassee any meat fried in a pan Friga an Hermaphroditical Idol adored by the old Saxons on the day now called Friday which thence took its denomination and was of old called Frigedeag Verst p. 63. Frigefaction frigefactio a making cool Frigerate frigero to cool Frigeratory frigeratorium a Cooling-house or place Frigid frigidus cold faint negligent flow also that is unable for carnal copulation Frigidity frigiditas coldness Frigifie frigifacio to cool or make cold Frigor Lat. coldness Frigorifical frigorificus that makes or procures cold Friperer from the Fr. Fripier i. interpolator one that scowres up and mends old Apparel to sell again a Broker This word is used for a bastardly kind of Broker A. 1. Ja. ca. 21. Fripery The use of that kind of Trade Brocage also a Brokers shop or a street of Brokers Fritiniancy Fritiniency from fritinio is a chirping like a Swallow Frize and Cornice the Crests furnitureÌ„ and finishing at the upper end of a Column or Pillar a term of Architecture Frondiferous frondifer that bears leaves or branches Frondosity frondositas leaviness or aptness to bear leaves Frontal frontale a Frontlet or attire for the forehead or a plaister applied to the Forehead It is also used Adjectively Frontispiece frontispicium the fore-front of an house or other building also the Title or first page of a book done in picture Frontiniac a luscious kind of rich wine made at a Town so
antiquity Grandeza Span. in Ital. Grandezza bigness greatness largeness magnificence great state Grandiloquence grandiloquentia stately eloquence high stile Grandiloquent grandiloquus that useth great words that hath a high stile Grandimoniensers an order of religious persons begun by Steven of Avern in Aquitane or Guyen about the year of our Lord 1076. under Pope Alexander the Second and had their title of the mountain where their Abbey stood Pol. Vir. Grandinous grandinosus full of hail subject to hail Grandity granditas excessive greatness Grand Sergeantie is in our Common Law where one holds Lands of the King by service which he ought to do in his own person as to bear the Kings Banner or his Spear c. See Littl. tit Serg. Grange à grana gerendo is a great Farm not onely where corn is laid up but where are Stables for Horses Stals for Oxen and other Cattel Styes for Hogs and other things necessary for Husbandry Linw. These did of old belong to Religious Houses and the Overseer thereof was called Prior of the Grange Granite Ital. a kind of speckled stone or marble very common at Milan and other parts of Italy Graniferous granifer that beareth grains or kernels Granivorous from Granum and vorans that eats or devours grain or corn Graphical graphicus cunningly wrought perfect excellent Granule dim of granum a little grain or Barly corn Grassation grassatio a robbing killing assailing Grateolent grateolens well savouring smelling pleasantly Gratification gratificatio a gratifying or the doing a pleasure in lieu of a pleasure done Gratis Lat. freely without reward or desert Gratulate gratulor to rejoyce and be glad in ones behalf to thank Grav◠Belg. a Lord or Ruler an Earl Sax. Gerefa Graveolence graveolentia an evil smell a stinking savour Graveolent graveolens that has an ill savour or smell Gravidity graviditas greatness with child or with young Gravid gravidus great with childe or young Graviloquence graviloquentia a grave speech or a speaking gravely Greaves Fr. Greves boots or armor for the legs Grecians Graeci are used by St. Paul to signifie all the Heathen people and stand in opposition with Hebrews in the General acception containing both the Grecists or dispersed Hebrews and also those of Palestina the Grecists were both by birth and religion Hebrews standing in opposition with Hebrews in the strict acception taken for those of Palaestina Moses and Aaron Grecism graecismus the form or speech or custom of the Grecians Greek Church differs from the Roman Catholick 1. Denying the Holy Ghost to proceed from the Father and the Son 2. Denying Purgatory but praying for the dead 3. Beleeving that holy men enjoy not the presence of God before the Resurrection 4. Communicating in both kinds but using leavened bread and mingling warm water with wine which both together they destribute with a spoon 5. Receiving children of seven years old to the Sacrament because then they begin to sin 6. Forbidding extream Unction Confirmation and fourth Marriages 7. Admitting none to Orders but such as are married and prohibiting marriage to them that are actually in Orders 8. Rejecting carved Images but admitting the painted 9. Observing four Lents in the year 10. Reputing it unlawful to fast on Saturdays So Heylin But others relate the differences to be otherwise as may be seen in Authors that write thereof Grees◠or Grise gradus a stair step or degree Gregal gregalis of the same flock or company common Gregorian a Cap of hair so called from one Gregory a Barber in the Strand that first made them in England Gregorian Accompt so called from Pope Gregory the thirteenth See Julian Accompt Gremial Gremious gremiosus pertaining to the lap or bosom Griffe-Graffe Fr. by hook or by crook catch that catch may any way Grilliade Fr. a broiled mess or meat boiled on a Grid-iron Grithbreach Is a breach of peace for Grith is a word of the old Angles or Saxons signifying peace Roger Hoveden par poster suorum annal fol. 346. b. Grobianism Fr. slovenliness unmannerly parts or precepts Cotg. A Groop minthorium a dunging or pissing place Gromatick gromaticus pertaining to the art of casting out the ground for the Quarters fortifying the Camp and chusing places of advantage in the field Grotesques Fr. from the Ital. Grotesca pictures wherein as please the Painter all kind of odd things are represented without any peculiar sence or meaning but onely to please the eye Hence taken for any rude mis-shapen thing Grot from the Ital. Grota a Cave Groveling lying on the face Grouppade Fr. a certain lofty mannage which must be beaten with a lively and setled measure the turn being more wide and the horses hinder parts more raised then in an ordinary Curvet Grumosity grumositas fulness of clods or lumps Grumous from Grumus that is full of clots or Hillocks Gryffen or Gryffon Gryps a strange Bird as some ancient Authors affirm with four feet armed with cruel claws being from the brest upward fashioned like an Eagle but of purple colour with red fiery eies and whitish wings and in the hinder part black made much like a Lyon This Bird nests in the high mountains and is exceeding hard to be taken except very young for he will adventure on any man and is so fierce that he often kills Elephants he is most enemy to horses for which cause Virgil in his eighth Eclog. brings in the shepherd Damon who wondred at a strange Marriage speaking thus Junguntur jam Gryphes Equis But modern Authors as Aldrovandus Michovius and others say there is no such Animal extant Vul. Err. fol. 129. Guadsane a River in Spain which runs under ground the space of fifteen miles Hence the Spaniards brag that they have a Bridge whereon 10000 cattel daily feed Hist of Spain Guastaliens an order of Religious People consisting both of men and women and instituted the year 1537. by the Countess of Guastala a Mantuan Lady Cotg. Gubernator Lat. a Master of a ship a Guide a Ruler Gugh◠from the Hebr. Gnugabh a Jews Harp or trifle for children to play with Guerdon Fr. recompence reward remuneration Guidon Fr. a Standard Ensign or Banner under which a Troop of men of Arms serve Also he that bears it Gules See Geules Gule or Yule of August may come from the Brit. Gwil i. festum or from the Lat. jubilum the first day of August called in old Almanacks St. Peter advincula and in our later Almanacks Lammas day An. 27. E. 3. Stat. 3. cap. unico Fitz. nat br fo 62.1 called Gule of August alias Goule de August ◠Plow casu Mines fo 316. b. It is the very day of St. Peter ad vincula which was wont and is still within the limits of the Roman Catholick Church celebrated upon the very Calends of August It is by some conjectured that Gule comes of the Latin Gula or the Fr. Gueule the throat The reason of this conjecture is in Durands rationali divinor l. 7. ca. de festo
may see round about as in a Circle where the Heaven seems to touch the earth that is called the Horizon the Poles whereof are the point just over your head called Zenith in Arabick and the other under your feet passing by the Center of the world called Nadir The Sun rising and going down is ever in this Line or Circle Peach Horisontal from Horizon of or pertaining to the Horizon Horngeld cornellatum is compounded of Horn and Geldan or Gelder i. solvere it signifies a Tax within the Forest to be paid for horned beasts Crompt Jurisd fol. 197. And to be free of it is a priviledge granted by the King Hugh Lupus E. of Chester gave to one Nigel the Barony of Haughton and the Castle to be cornellatum i. Tributum quod à cornutis animalibus exigitur Vale-Royal f. 97. Spelmans Gloss Horologe horologium an hour-glass clock dyal or like instrument to tell what hour of the day it is Horological horologicus of or pertaining to a Clock or Dyal Horologiography a writing of or describing Clocks or Dyals There is a late Book entituled Azimuthal horologiography treating of that subject Horometry Gr. the measure or measuring of hours Horoscope horoscopus any thing wherein hours are marked as a Dyal or the calculation of ones nativity wherein the hour of birth is chiefly observed See Ascendant Horridity horriditas trembling for fear Horripilation horripilatio the standing up of the hair for fear a growing rough with hair a sudden quaking shuddering or shivering Horrisonant horrisonus roaring having a terrible sound Horror Lat. a quaking for fear and cold an astonishment Hortolages Fr. things growing in Orchards or Gardens Garden-stuff Hort-yards from Hortus a Garden Garden-yards Hortative hortativus that belongs to exhortation and moving exhorting or apt to exhort Hosanna Heb. vel Osanna save now or O Lord save me originally taken for the burden of Willow branches which the Jews carried to the Feast of Tabernacles Hosanna to the Son of David Mat. 21-9 Hospital hospitalium a house erected of Charity for entertainment and relief of poor sick and impotent people The Emperor Constantine the Great first began the building of Hospitals Hospiticide hospiticida he that kills his guest Hospitious hospitus that receives guests friendly also strange Hostage Fr. a pawn surety or pledge Hostle Fr. hostel a house Inn lodging a Hall or Palace This word in French is commonly a mark of greatness inferior houses being termed Maisons and Logis Hosticide hosticida that conquers or kills his enemy Hostility hostilitas enmity feud mortal hatred Hotchpot Fr. Hochepot Belg. Hutspot i. flesh cut into pretty peices and sodden with herbs or roots not unlike that which the Romans called Farraginem a Gallimaufrey Littleton says it litterally signifies a Pudding mixed with divers ingredients but metaphorically a commixtion or putting together of Lands for the equal division of them Examples you have divers in him f. 55. And see Britt f. 119. Hoti and â—oti Gr. two terms used in Logick the one is the quid and the other the propter quid the one the thing it self and the other the cause or teason of it Arist Housebote is compounded of house and bote i. compensatio it signifies Estovers out of the Lords wood to repair and uphold a Tenement or house Or Housebote is necessary Timber that the Lessee for years or for life of common right may take upon the ground to repair the houses upon the same ground to him leased although it be not expressed in the Lease and although it be by a Lease Parol but if he take more then is needful he may be punished by an Action of Waste Homâ—l Sax. the ministring Sacraments to a sick man in danger of death Bull. The receiving the Sacraments Rider Hugh Aventinus derives it from the German word Hougâ—n that is slasher or cutter But whereas the name Hugh was first in use among the French and Otfrid in the year 900 used Hugh for comfort I judge this name to be borrowed thence and so is correspondent to the Greek names Elpidius and Elpis Huguenotâ— Fr. Calvinists Reformists French Protestants At first termed thus of a gate in Tours called Hugon near to which they assembled when they stirred first or of the beginning of their first Protestation Huc nos venimus c. Huguenotism Fr. Huguenoterie French-Calvinism the Faith or Profession of a Huguenot Huke A Dutch attire covering the head face and all the body Humectate humecto to make moist to water Humectation humectatio a making moist Bac. Humerous humerosus that hath great shoulders Humid humidus wet rainy moist liquid Humidate humido to moisten Humiferous humifer waterish that brings moisture Humiliate humilio to make low or humble Humiliates A Religious Order instituted about the year 1166. by certain persons exiled by Fredericus Barbarossa who when they were restored to their Country apparelled themselves in white and lived by a kind of Vow in Prayers penury and working wooll and were admitted by Innocentius the Third and other his Successors Pol. Vir. Humor Lat. moisture water juyce or sap Humorosity humorositas moistness Humfrey or Humphrey Ger. for Humfred i. house-peace a lovely and happy name if it could turn home wars betwixt man and wife into peace The Italians have made Onuphrius of it in Latin Cam. Hundred Is a part of a Shire so called originally because it contained ten Tythings each Tything consisting of ten houshoulds called in Latin decennas These were first ordained by King Alfred the twenty ninth King of the West Saxons Stows Annal pag. 105. In Wales it is called Cantred or Cantref Hurlebats adides See Whorlebats Huâ—ngs may seem to come from the French Haul-ser i. to raise elevate or sit aloft for it signifies the principal and highest Court in London An. 11. H. 7. cap. 21. and Fitzh nat br fol. 23. See An. 9. Ed. 1. Cap unico Other Cities and Towns also have had a Court of the same name as Winchester Lincoln York Sheppey c. where the Barons or Citizens have a Record of such things as are determinable before them Flet. l. 2. c. 55. Hyacinth hyacinthus a violet or purple coloured Lilly or a purple flower call'd Crowtoes also a kind of precious stone called a Hyacinth See Jacinth Also smoak which is of colour like a Hyacinth to wit blew and red Rev. 9.11 Hyacinthine hyacinthinus of violet or purple colour Hyaline hyalinus of Glass-colour Hybernal Hybernian hybernus pertaining to winter rough rainy Hyde of Land See Hide Hydra Lat. a monstrous Serpent in the Lernean Lake which having one head cut off had forthwith two other growing up in the place Hercules is said to have fought with and slain this Monster Hydragogy hydragogia the bringing water into a place by channel Hydrargyrous hydrargyrus of or pertaining to quick-silver Vul. Err. Hydraulick hydraulicus pertaining to Organs or to an Instrument to draw water or to the sound of running waters Bac. Hydrography
Jod which is the least in that language Vnum de titulo tollere Iota potes Iotacism Iotacismus is when the letter I or Iöta sounds much or gives beginning to many words in the same sentence as if we say Juno Jovi irascitur It is also sometimes taken for an error in pronouncing the letter I. Iournal Fr. a Diary or Day-book Also as much land as a Team of Oxen can plough in one day In our times says my Lord Bacon Journals are in use only in Navigations and Expeditions of War among the Antients it was a point of honor for Princes to have the Acts of their Court referred to Journals Iouisance Sax. mirth or jollity Spencer Iournchoppers were Regrators of yarn Stat. 8. H. 6. c. 5. Iournee Fr. a day or whole day a day of Battel also a days work or labor a days travel or journey Ipsissime ipsissimus even the very same Ippocrasse See Hipocrasse Iracundious iracundus soon angry inclining â—o passion or wrath teasty soon displeased Irascible from irascor cholerick soon angred subject to anger H. Court Iris Gr. Juno's Messenger the Rainbow which foretels a shortly ensuing shower Ironical ironicus that which is spoken in jest or mockingly when one speaks contrary to the signification of the word Ironie ironia a figure in speaking when one means contrary to the signification of the word or when a man reasoneth contrary to what he thinks to mock him whom he argues with a derision or dissimulation Irradiate irradio to shine upon to cast his beams upon to enlighten Irrecuperable irrecuperabilis irrecoverable wholly lost not to be recovered Irredivivous irredivivus that cannot be revived or repaired Irrefragable irrefragabilis invincible unbreakable undeniable Irregularity irregularitas disorder going out of rule in the old Canon Law it is taken for an impediment which hinders a man from taking holy Orders as if he be base born notoriously defamed of any notable crime maimed or much deformed or hath consented to procure anothers death with divers other Irremiable irremiabilis that from which one cannot return again intricate Irreligious irreligiosus ungodly without fear of God without religion not devout Irremissible Fr. unremittable unpardonable Irreparable irreparabilis that cannot be repaired or restored irrecoverable Irreposcible irreposcibilis that cannot be required again Irreprehensible irreprehensibilis that cannot be reprehended faultless blameless Irrevocable irrevocabilis that cannot be called back unrecallable Irrigate irrigo to water ground to bring water out of a River into the fields to moisten Irriguous irriguus that is or may easily be watered washed moist Irrision irrisio a laughing or mocking to scorn a flouting or scoffing at Irritate irrito to provoke to kindle wrath to move or stir Irrite irritus void of no effect force or weight Irroborate irroboro to make strong to corroborate Irrorate irroro to sprinckle or wet with dew to moisten Irruent irruens running hastily or rushing in violently Irrugation irrugatio a wrinkling or making wrinkles Irrumpent irrumpens entring in by force rushing in violently Irruption irruptio a bursting in a forced entrance Irus a beggarly fellow of Ithaca whom Vlysses killed with his fist Hence the Proverb Iro pauperior as poor as Job Isagogue isagoge an introduction Isagogical Isagogicus of or pertaining to an introduction or beginning Ischiatick ischiacus that hath the ache in the Hip or the Hip-gout or Sciatica which is a pain arising of humors gathered together in the hollowness of that joynt Isikle from the Belgick Iisel a drop of water frozen as is often seen at the Eaves of a house when after a thaw comes a sudden frost Ismaelite one descended from Ismael son to Abraham by his wife Agar of whom it was foretold before his birth hic erit ferus homo manus ejus contra omnes manus omnium contra eum Gen. 16. One like to Ismael in conditions and manners Ismael by interpretation of the Hebrew word is exauditio Dei a merciful hearing or granting of God Isonomy isonomia an equality of government under the same Laws indifferently ministred to all persons an equality of right which all men enjoy in one State Israel Hebr. seeing the Lord or prevailing in the Lord. Isthme isthmus a neck a narrow piece of land betwixt two Seas almost meeting also the neck of the wesand Est angustia illa intermedia inter Peninsulam Continentem veluti quaedam Cervix quae à Continente velut à corpore gracilescens Peninsulam cum Continente tanquam Caput cum reliquo corpore connectit See Peninsula Isthmian games isthmii one of the four solemn games which were celebrated every fifth year in Greece instituted by Theseus in honor of Neptune they took name from the narrow piece of ground in Greece that Corinth stood in where the games were celebrated Italianize ab Italia to speak Italian play the Italian or do like an Italian Italionated turned or fashioned like an Italian that speaks or writes like an Italian Iterate itero to do a thing again to repeat to tell or say again to double Itenerary itinerarium a Commentary concerning things fallen out in Journeys also the Kalender of miles with the distance of places and the times of abode in every place like the gifts of Princes a Directory for the way It is also used Adjectively as pertaining to a journey Itinerate itineror to travel to take or make a journey Iubilation jubilatio a great shout for joy a great rejoycing much gladness Iubile jubilaeus annus a year of rejoycing or remission Among the Hebrews every fiftieth year was called the year of Jubile for then were bond-men of their own Country made free possessions returned again to the first owners neither was it lawful to plant or sow any thing that year Among Christians this solemnity of keeping a year of Jubile was first instituted by Bonifacius the Eighth in the year of our Lord 1300 who ordained that it should be observed every hundreth year After this Clement the sixth instituted it to be kept every fiftieth year and lastly Sixtus the fourth brought it to be celebrated every twenty fifth year beginning it first in the year of our Lord God 1475 and so it continues The word is derived from the Hebrew Jobel which signifies a Ram or a Rams horn so called as Masius helps it out from Jubal the Father of those who play on the Harp and Organ Gen. 4.21 And when the Jubile came a great sound of Trumpets and Rams horns was to be made through all Israel in sign of the Remissions Greg. Iucundity jucunditas mirth pleasure rejoycing Iudaick judaicus Jewish pertaining to the Jews Iudaism judaismus the Custom Religion or Rites of the Jews Iudicable judicabilis that may be judged or discussed Iudication judicatio the question come to judgement the weight of the matter that wherein the Judge ought to do justice sentence-giving Iudicatory judicatorium a place of judgement a Judgment-seat Iudiciary judiciarius pertaining to a
the twentieth part of a drop Kalends See Calends Karobe or Karoble the fruit of the Carobe tree Also the twenty fourth part of a grain one of the least weights used by Goldsmiths Kenne Sax. to see or know within ken i. within view Kenodoxy 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the love study or desire of vain-glory Scapula Kern in Ireland is a kind of Foot Souldier lightly armed with a Dart or Skeyn Antiq. Hibern p. 33. and 57. We take a Kern most commonly for a Farmer or Country Bumpkin Ketchef from the Fr. Couver chef i. to cover the head a linnen cloth that old women wear on their heads and hence Handkerchef though improperly King of Heralds Rex Heraldâ—rum is an Officer at Arms who has the preheminence of this Society See Harold This Officer among the Romans was called Pater Patratus Kings Evil A disease or swelling so called Edward the Confessor King of England was of that holiness of life that he received power from above to cure many diseases among others this of the Kings-Evil A Prerogative that continues as some think hereditary to his Successors of England Heyl. Keâ—l Belg. Kiel the bottom of a ship Keâ—e Sax. pottage a word still used in the north of England and in Scotland So Kelemuâ—t signifies Pottage-hearb which we to this day corruptly call Cole-worts Verstegan Kichel Sax. a Cake which Horace calls Libum Vtque sacerdotis fugitivus liba recuso It was of old with us called a Gods Kichel because Godfathers and Godmothers used commonly to give one of them to their Godchildren when they asked blessing Chaucers Interpret Kilderkin from the Belg. Kindeken Kenneken octava Cadi pars Dioscorides saith it is eleven Gallons and a Quart Agricola and Junius thirteen Gallons and a half Kym-Kam See Camoise Kin the antient diminutive of our Saxon tongue as Perkin is as much as little Peter Comkâ—r little Thomas and the like Kintal Span. Quintal is a certain weight of Merchandize to the value of an hundred or something under or over according to the divers uses of sundry Nations This word is mentioned by Plowden in the Case of Reniger and Fagossa Knave Sax. Cnaâ—a a boy or childe was not of old used as a name of disgrace or contempt as now it is but as the name of some kind of Servant or Lacquey as Scyld-Knapa was he that carried a noble persons Shield c. Verst See Esquire Kit-Kaies The fruit of the Ashen tree they are little narrow husks hanging together in clusters wherein is contained the â—eed of the Ash which is bitter This provokes Urine and is sought by some for other purposes Bull. Knight a title of dignity was heretofore by our Ancestors written Cnight and in the modern Teutonic it signifies Rider and answers to the French Chevalier which may be Englished a Horseman and so agrees with Eques in Latin Verst Knights Fee feudum militare is so much inheritance as is sufficient yearly to maintain a Knight with convenient Revenue which in Henry the thirds days was but fifteen pounds Cam. Brit. p. 111. But Sir Tho. Smith in his Repub Angl. l. 1. ca 18. rates it at forty pounds And I find in the Statute for Knights A. 1. E 2. ca. 1. that such as had twenty pound per an in Fee or for life might be compelled to be Knights Stow in his Annals p. 285. saith There were found in England at the time of the Conqueror 60211 Knights Fees Others say 60215. wherof the Religious houses before their suppression were possessed of 28015 Knights Fee is sometime used for the Rent that a Knight pays for his Fee to the Lord of whom he holds and this an uncertain sum some holding by forty shillings the Shield some by twenty shillings as appears by Bracton lib. 5. Tract 1. cap. 2. My Lo. Coke in his ninth Book of Reports saith A Knights Fee is estimated by the value of the Land viz. 20 l. annual An Hide of Land is as much as one Plough can break up in a year Relief the fourth part of the annual value of the Land viz. of a Knight 5 l. of a Baron 100 Marks an Earl a 100 l. a Marquis 200 Marks a Duke 200 l. Knighten gyld was a Gyld in London consisting of nineteen Knights which King Edgar founded giving them a portion of void ground lying without the City wall now called Portsoken Ward Stows Annals p. 151. Knights service an ancient tenure of Lands by which a man was bound to bear Arms in War for defence of the Realm But is now abolished by Act 1656. ca. 4. Knipperdollings a sort of Hereticks who took name from one Knipperdolling who lived in Germany about the year 1535 was contemporary with John of Leyden a follower of Muncer in matters of doctrine Lo. Herb. H. 8. Knoll Sax. Cnollâ— the top or cop of a Hill or Mountain a familiar word in Herefordshire as Birchers Knoll c. And in Scotland they call those Knolls of peace which are Mounts cast up by the labor of men in Latin Dumi pacis Korban See Corban Kyrie eleison omnibus linguis à Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. domine and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. miserere ab 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. misericordia q. miserere Domine Lord have mercy on us So Christe eleison i. Christ have mercy on us In the Greek Church these words are of great esteem and often repeated by their Priests and are also used in the Latin Church both in the Mass and Litany L LAbarum Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Church Banner a Flag or Streamer for the War Eusebius Pamphilus lib. 1. de vita Constantini describes this peculiar Standard very curiously The common form you may see in the 163 page of the Elements of Armories In the Labarum these things are more First The Banner was of purple where the pictures of the Emperor and his Children were wrought in gold and stones of wonderful value and beauty above the cross beam or traverse Staff of the Banner stood the two first Greek Capitals of Christs name and on the point or top of the Launce or Staff Imperial was advanced a Crown of gold set with precious stones All in honor of his miraculous conversion upon the apparition of the Cross Labdacismâ— labdacismus or rather lambdacismus from the Greek Letter 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is when the Letter L is pronounced with too much force as when one says ellucet for elucet Labefaction labefactio a weakening or enfeebling a loosening or destroying Labial from labium a lip pertaining to the lips Labile labilis unstable unconstant that will soon or or easily fall Laboriferous laborifer that takes pains that endures labour painful difficult Laboriosity laboriositas painfulness laboriousness or laborosity Labrador Spa. a laborer a Ploughman a Country Swain Labrous labrosus that hath a brim bank or border Also that hath great lips Labyrinth labyrinthus a Maze or
is the arch of the Equinoctial Circle contained between two Meridians whereof one goes by the Canary Islands the other by the place that is given Wrights use of the Sphear Lootsman See Pilot and Lodomenage Loquacity loquacitas much talking babling or prating Loray-Law In the Memorials of the Chamber of Accounts in France is found an Article to this effect Si homines de Loraico vadia duelli temere dederint c. If a combate were once accepted and after by consent of the Lord of the Fee were taken up each of the parties should pay 2 s. 6 d. But if it we performed then the party vanquished should forfeit 112 s. and upon this custom grew the French Proverb when any man has had a hard and unjust Judgement they say he was tried by the Law of Loray or Bern ou Ie batu paye l' amends where the vanquished gives the recompence Sir W. Ral. Lordane See Lourdain Lore Sax. Late doctrine or learning Loricated loricatus armed with a coat of Mail or Brigandine Dr. Charl. Lorimets Fr. Lormier A. 1. R. 2. ca. 12. is one of the Companies of London that make bits for horse bridles spurs and such like small iron work The name seems to be taken from the Lat. Lorum and is elsewhere written Loriners Loseng Sax. Herbert Bp. of Thetford after of Norwich A. 1094. was nick-named Loseng that is the flatterer our â—old English word Leasing for tying retains some affinity hereto and at this day we call an insinuating fellow a glozing Companion Full. Losenger Sax. a flatterer or lyar Chaucer Lotion lotio a washing or rinsing Loover or L'overt a tunnel on the top of a roof or house from the Fr. l'overt i. apertus a place made open to let out the smoak on the top of the house so we say pound overt a Pound open at the top that men may see the Cattle impounded and cast in sustenance to them Lourdane or Lordane Fr. Lourdin sottish dunce-like heavy dull blockish But Sir R. Baker in his Chron. fo 18. gives this etymology when the Danes Lorded it in England the English were fain to till and ear the ground whilst the Danes sate idle and ate the fruit of their labors and yet in every place for very fear were called Lord-Danes which afterwards became a word of derision when one would signifie a Lazy-Lubber Louvre Fr. is the royal Seat of the Kings of France in Paris famous throughout all Europe The front which is of Masonry inriched with Pillars Frizes Architraves and all sorts of Architecture with excellent symmetry and beauty was begun by Francis the first finished by Hen. his Son and afterward increased by Francis the second Charls the ninth Last of all made the wonder of all other works by that long and beautiful Gallery the work of Henry the fourth Lozenge Fr. a little square-Cake of preserved flowers hearbs c. also a quarry of a glass window or any thing of that form A term in Heraldry See the difference between a Fusil a Lozenge and a Mascle in Gwillim fol. 358. Lubrefaction a making slippery stirring or quick Bac. Lubrical Lubricious lubricus slippery deceitful incertain stirring wanton lascivious Lubricity lubricitas slipperiness incertainty wantonness incontinency Lucetus a beast almost as big as a Wolf breeding in Muscovia and Russia of colour between red and brown mingled with black spots its skin is a very rich Fur A. 24. H. 8. ca. 14 Lucible lucibilis that is light of it self that is apt to shine Lucid lucidus clear bright shining Lucidity luciditas brightness clearness Lucifer Lat. properly the Star arising before the morning as messenger of day-light the Day-star but figuratively the King of Babylon Nebuchadnezar an arch Devil Luciferous lucifer a um that brings or causeth light Luciferians a sort of Hereticks so called from their Author Lucifer Bishop of Calaris in Sardinia in time of Pope Liberius and the Emperor Constantius about the year of Christ 365. they held the soul of man was propagated out of the substance of his flesh c. Lucina Juno and Diana so called because they ruled the travel of women and helped them in that business Lucrative lucrativus taken with gain or advantage whereof great profit is made Lucrâ—ce a chaste woman so used from Lucretia a chaste woman of Rome the wife of Tarquinius Collatinus who slew herself because Sextus Tarquinius had ravished her Lucrificate lucrifico to gain or get to seek after gain Lucrous lucrosus full of gain or lucre profitable Luctation luctatio wrestling striving much contending Luctiferous luctifer that causeth sorrow or mourning Luctisonant luctisonus that signifies sorrow or waiting Lucubration lucubratio a study or work by candle-light Lucubratorâ— lucubratorius of or belonging to study or working by candlelight Luculency luculentia brightness beauty Luculent luculentus full of light clear beautiful famous Ludible ludibilis apt to play sportive Ludibrious ludibriosus reproachful shameful ridiculous Ludicrâ—l Ludicrous ludicer pertaining to play or mirth mocking light childish Greg. Ludification ludificatio a mocking deceiving or beguiling Lues Venerea Lat. Morbus Gallicus or Neopolitanus the Venerean Murrain or French Pox. Lugent lugens mourning or lamenting Lugubrous lugubris lamentable sorrowful pertaining to grief and mourning Luttion luitio a paying a ransome Luminaries luminaria great lights or Lamps conspicuous Stars the Sun and Moon Also the Feast of light the Feast of Christs Nativity or Christmass was so called in the Western or Latin Church because they used many lights and candles at this Feast or rather because Christ the light of all lights that true light then came into the world Luminous luminosus full of light lightsome Lunar lunaris pertaining to the Moon Lunatick lunaticus that is wood or frantick at a certain time of the moon Luracy that disease Lupetâ—al Lat. a place dedicated to the God Pan from Lupa because there a she-Wolf nourished Romulus and Remus So the Sacrifices and Plays dedicated to Pan were called Lupercalia or lupercal Sacrifices and the Priests of Pan luperci who on the day of their Sacrifices ran up and down the City naked and stroak the hands and bellies of women great with child with a Goats skin thereby to signifie both fruitfulness and easie deliverance Rider Lupires lupinum a little flat pulse almost like a small bean but much less and bitter in taste They are not very good meat but are sometimes used in Physick against worms in children and the decoction of them takes away spots and freekles of the face Lurcation lurcatio a greedy eating or gluttonizing derived from Lura a great leathern bottle Lurdane See Lourdain Lurid luridus pale wan black and blew Luscition luscitio dimness pore-blindness of the eyes Lushbrbogh a base coyn in the days of Edward the third Lusion lusio a playing game or pastime Lustration lustratio compassing viewing or going about on every side a purging by Sacrifice which was done every five years Bac. Lustrifical lustrificus
to make great account of to honor much Magnificence magnificentia stateliness sumptuousness high atchievement great performance Magnificat part of the Even-song among the Romanists or the song of the Blessed Virgin Mary Luk. 1.46 beginning thus Magnificat anima mea c. My soul doth magnifie our Lord c. At saying of which they use to stand up as being a Canticle or Song of joy for the delivery whereof that posture is most proper To correct magnificat an English Proverb signifies to attempt to amend Scripture or that which is beyond correction Magnifico Ital. a great or honorable Personage The chief Noblemen of Venice are by a peculiar title called Magnifici or Magnifico's And the Rectors of the Academies in Germany are honored with the same Title Magnificent Magnifical magnificus that atchieveth worthy acts noble sumptuous acting great matters majestical Magniloquy Magniloquence magniloquentia a lofty manner of speaking or a discourse of great matters Magniloquent magniloquus that useth a stately manner of speaking or writing Magnitude magnitudo greatness largeness nobleness valiantness Magog mentioned in Ezek. 38. Gog in the Hebrew signifies saith St. Hierom tectum or a covering of a house And Pintus upon Ezekiel affirms that by Gog is meant Antichrist For saith he Antichristus erit Diaboli tegumentum sub specie humana That Antichrist shall be the covering of the Devil under humane form He adds that Magog is as much to say as Gog the letter M being an Hebrew Preposition and imports as much as of or from so he takes Magog for those people that follow Antichrist See more in exposition of these two words in Sir Walt. Ral. hist lib. 1. fol. 136. Mahm or Maim from the Lat. mancus signifies a corporal hurt whereby a man loseth the use of any member that is or might be any defence to him in battle The Canonists call it Membri mutilationem as the Eye the Hand the Foot the scalp of the Head the fore tooth or as some say any finger of the hand Glanvile lib. 14. ca. 7. And Vgolinus de irregularit ca. 4. sect 3 4 5. Magonel an instrument to cast stones Chauc Mahumetism or Mahumetanism the Religion and profession of Mahumet and the Turks which see in Alchoran Mahumets Law-book Mahumetan one that professeth that Religion Maid-Morsan See Moriseo Majestative majestativus that is full of majesty or majestical Mainour or Manner from the Fr. Maniére i. the Manner signifies in our Common Law when a Thief hath stoln and is followed with Hue and Cry and taken with the Manner that is having the thing stoln about him which is called the Mainour and so we say when we find one doing an unlawful act that we took him in the mainour or manner Mainpernable a Law word and signifies bailable or that may be bailed and Mainpernors are the Sureties for one that is mainprized to appear at a certain day c. yet Mr. Manwood 1. part For. Laws p. 167. makes a difference between Bail and Mainprize viz. that he that is mainprised hath a greater liberty then he that is bailed c. Main-sworn in our Northern Dialect signifies foresworn or perjured Major Lat. the greater The major proposition of a Syllogism See in Syllogism Majorate majoro to make greater Majoration a making greater Bac. Malachite malachites a stone of a drak green colour Malacissation malacissatio a kneading or making soft Bac. Malacy malachia a calm or still time on the Sea also the inordinate lusting of women with child Malaga or Malaca Sick so called from a City of that name in Andalusia in Spain where that kind of wine is made Maladie Fr. a sickness or disease Malanders a disease in horses from the Span. malander i. to go ill for so the disease makes them Maldisant Fr. an evil speaker a backbiter Malediction maledictio evil-speaking a curse banning imprecation execration Malefactor Lat. an evil-doer an offender Malefice maleficium an evil deed an ill act a shrewd turn hurt displeasure Maleficence maleficentia evil doing Maleficiate malefacio to do wrong to offer abuse to do evil Bac. Maletent in the Statute called the Confirmation of the Liberties of c. An. 29. Ed. 1. ca. 7. is interpreted to be a Toll of forty shillings for every sack of wooll Stow in his Annals p. 461. calls it a Maletot from the Fr. maletoste or Maletote See also the Stat. de Tallagio non concedendo Malevolence malevolentia ill-will heart-burning spite Malignity malignitas malice prepensed ill-will grudge despight villany Malleable from malleus tractable hammerable which may be wrought or beaten with the hammer Malleated malleatus wrought or beaten with the hammer or beetle Malkin Maukin or Scovel to make clean an oven the Italians call it Scovola di forno i. the broom or besome of the oven the Lat. is Peniculus or Penicillus dim a pene i. a tail because they were in times past made of the tails of beasts as now they are of old clouts Min. Malmesy a sort of wine so called from Arvisium a promontory in the Island Chio vulgarly called Marvisia or Malvisia whence comes the best of this kind Maltesian an Inhabitant of the Island Malta called in Scripture Melita Mamaluke a light-horseman in the Syrian and Arabian tongues the Mamalukes were an order of valiant horse-men in the last Empire of Egypt Cot. Mammeated mammeatus that hath Paps or Teats Mammon is a Syriac word signifying riches or the god of Riches Hierom sup Matth. cap. 17. The Mammon of iniquity is expounded to be wealth unjustly detained from them to whom it is due Greg. Mammonist from mammon may be taken for a worldling or one that seeks after riches Mammâ—oda a coyn among the East Indians of equal value with our shilling Manation manatio a flowing or running a trickling down Manbote Sax. a pecuniary compensation for killing a man Lambert in his exposition of Saxon words verbo Aestimatio Of which read Roger Hoveden also in his Annals fol. 344. Manche Fr. a sleeve a term of Heraldry Also any thing in form of a sleeve Mancipate mancipo to deliver possession to give the right to another to sell for money Mancipation mancipatio a manner of selling before witnesses with sundry ceremonies c. so called à manucaptione from taking that which is sold into ones hands or possession See Emancipate Manciple manceps a Caterer or one that in Colledges or Hospitals buys victuals and common provision into the house Mancuse mancusa of the antient pence which weighed about three pennies of our money thirty as Alfric Arch-Bishop of Canterbury in his Saxon Grammer notes made a Mancus which some think to be all one with a Mark for that Manca or Mancusa is translated in antient Books by Marca and Manca as appears by an old fragment was quinta pars unciae These Mancuse or Mancus were reckoned both in gold and silver For about the year of our Lord 680. In a King of the West
to Archbishops and Metropolitans and they at the Altar wear it about their necks above their other Ornaments The Pall was first given to the Bishop of Ostia by P. Marcus the second An. 336. Also the velvet laid over a dead body is called the Pall. Palladion Spa. Lat. Palladium an Image of Pallas which the Trojans fondly believed was sent to preserve their City and Estate c. which sottish belief St. Augustine lib. 9. de Civ Dei very well reproved when he said The Trojans were keepers of the Palladion but not the Palladion of the Trojans However this word is still used for a preservation or sure defence Pallas the Goddess of Wisdom otherwise called Minerva c. In the Poetical story of Perseus staying Medusa Pallas furnished him with a shield for that purpose and with a Looking-glass Mercury with wings for his feet Pluto with a Helmet c. see the Fable at large in L. Bacons Advancem of Learning fol. 120. Hence 't is we use Pallas shield for a shield of Wisdom and Providence For so his Lordship means when he says In Wars the Shield of Pallas prevails more then the sword of Mars that is wisdom and stratagems prevail more then down right blows Palled Fr. palle pale also dead without spirit Bac. Palliardize See Pailliardize Palliate pallio to hide or cover to conceal or cloak Palliation palliatio a cloaking covering or hiding Palliative that cloaketh covereth or concealeth as Chyrurgeons call that a Palliative cure when a wound is healed outwardly and festers underneath or where a shew onely is made of a perfect cure without searching to the root or cause of the disease Pallid pallidus pale bleak sometimes yellowish fearful whitish Pullification a term in Architecture piling of the ground plot Sir H.W. Pallor Lat. a pale colour paleness wanness Pallizado See Palizado Palmar palmaris pertaining to victory or to a hand breadth or to the palm of the hand a Palm in measure palmus the breadth of a hand or four fingers and this is called the minor Palm the Palm major is a span or according to some a shaftment Palm Sunday Dominica Palmarum the sixth Sunday in Lent and the next before Easter so called because on that day the people went to meet our Saviour with boughs of Palm and Olive branches in their hands when he entred solemnly into Jerusalem riding on an Ass Palm Tree Palma is that which bears Dates growing plentifully in the Holy Land Its branches were wont to be carried as a token of victory Palmaque nobilis TerraruÌ„ Dominos evehit ad Deos Hor. Od. 1. Because it naturally shoots upward though oppressed with never so great weight and its leaves never fall of this Tree there is male and female the male bears onely blossoms and no fruit the female bears both but not unless the male grow by it Palmer ferula a Feruler so called because in Schools the palms of Boyes hands are struck therewith It is also called a Palmatory from the Span. Palmatoria which hath the same signification Min. Palmer from the Span. Palméro a poor Pilgrim that visits all holy places so called from a staff or boughes of Palm which they were wont to carry with them See Pilgrim Palmer eruca a worm with many feet so called from the Palm tree which it gnaws and eats a Caterpillar Palmiferous palmifer bearing or yeelding Palm or Date Trees also victorious Palmipedous palmipes edis that hath a plain and flat foot Palmipedous birds i.e. whole-footed such are most water-sowl Br. Paltoâ—ster chiromantes a Diviner by the palm of the hand one that tells the fortune of others by looking in their hands Palmestry See Chironantie Palmeto Wine is a sweet and pleasant juyce like Muscadine or Alicant coming from the Palmeto Tree in the Isle Mauritius Herb. Tr. Palpation palpatio flattery cogging fair speaking soothing Palpitation palpitatio panting beating often quick moving up and down as the heart when it throbs Palâ—sgrave Belg. and Pfalizgraff Teut. from Palis or pfaliz i. Palatium and Grave or Graff i. comes Lat. Comes Palatinus the title of the Prince Elector Palatine of the Rheine See Falatine and Archdapifer Paludament paludamentum a Coat-armor or Horsemans coat a Soldiers garment an Heralds Coat of Arms. Among the antient Romans it was a Military garment worn by none but the Lord General or Chief Captains Alex. Gen. Dier lib. 5. cap. 18. Paludiferous paludifer that causeth a Fen or Marsh Palumbine alumbinus of or belonging to a Wood-culver or Ring-dove Pamphilâ— a kind of great Boats in Italy having 140 or 160 Oars of a side Pampination pampinatio a cutting or pulling off superfluous leaves and branches from Vines Pampinean pampineus of or belonging to a young Vine Branch or Leaf full of Vine-Branches Pan the god of Shepherds in Greek it signifies All. Panade Span. Panada or Empanada Fr. Panade a kind of meat made of crums of bread and Currants boyled in water or as some will have it of grated Bread Milk Sugar and grated Cheese Panage See Paunage Panatetus Gr. that contains all vertues Silvester makes it the title of one of his Books wherein he bewails the loss of Prince Henry Panathenate belonging to the Solemnity called Panathenaea held at Athens once every year which was the less and once every fifth year which was the greater Pancatâ— Fr. a paper containing all the particular rates of Tolls or Customs due to the French King Thus termed because commonly hung up in some publick place either single or with a frame Cotg. Panchaia a sandy Country of Arabia where is store of Frankincense Hence Dubartas and others use Panchaian Fumes for incense or sweet perfumes So also Odor Panchaique for the smell of Arabian Frankincense Pancratiast Gr. one that is skilful in wrestling and other feats of activity Pancratical pancraticus expert at all feats of activity cunning at all kind of Games and Exercises stout like a wrestler Br. Pandarism the function or employment of a Pandar which is to make or set lecherous matches Ruffianism Baudery Pandects pandectae à 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. omne 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 haleâ— Books which contain all matters or comprehend all parts of the subject whereof they intreat or Books of divers Arguments The Volume of the Civil Law called Digestes is also called the Pandect Pandiculation pandiculatio a gaping or stretching ones self with all his body as they do that gape for or come from sleep or at the approach of an Ague Pandor from the Belg. Pander that is he that takes a pawn or pledge for the souls of such as make use of him are pawned into his hands as to Asmodeus his Chamberlain a He-Baud Pandora fained by Hesiedus to be the first woman and made by Vulcan indued by all the gods with several excellent gifts but afterwards by Jupiter in displeasure sent to her Spouse Epimetheus with a box full of all manner of miseries Hence Pandora's Box is taken
Northern Circle before spoken of is to the North Pole These Parallels are also called Aequidistants There is another sort of Parallels two of which go to a Clime called Artificial Parallels because they shew the differences of artificial days c. Heyl. To Parallel to compare or match Parallelogram parallelogrammus having lines every where a like distant a long square Paralogism paralogismus a deceitful conclusion or captious reasoning a manner of arguing which seems true when it is not As in saying He that affirms Peter to be a living creature saith true He that affirms Peter to be a Bear affirms him to be a living Creature Therefore he that affirms Peter to be a Bear says true To Paralogize to reason captiously argue deceitfully conclude falsly Br. Paralysis Gr. a resolution of the sinews a depriving of the feeling or moving or of both in any part of the body the Palsie Paralytick paralyticus sick of the Palsie Paraments Robes of state or the place where they are kept Chauc Paramount from the Fr. par i. per and mounter i. ascendere is in our Law the highest Lord of the Fee For there may be a Tenant to a Lord that holds over of another Lord the first of these is called Lord Mesn the second Lord Paramount c. Paramor peramator a Lover he or she a Sweetheart Paranymph Paranymphus an Orator who a little before the Commencement of Doctors c. makes a publick Speech in commendation of their sufficiency also an overseer of a Wedding a Bride-dresser or he or she that bears all the sway at the Bridal Parapet Ital. Parapetto q. propter pectus a Wall or Defence brest-high on the upper part of a Rampier to defend from the enemies shot Paraph Fr. paraphe the flourish or peculiar knot or mark set unto after or instead of a name in the signing a Deed or Letter and generally any such graceful setting out of a mans hand or name in writing also a subsignature or signing under Paraphonalia is used in our Law but in the Civil it is Paraphernalia which are those goods a Wife brings her Husband over and besides her Dowry or Marriage-money as Furniture for her own Chamber her own Apparel and Jewels if she be of quality all which she must have and not the Executors of the Husband c. Shep. Fa. Counc 122. Paraphrase paraphrasis a free manner of exposition or interpretation wherein a man ties not himself to express every word as it lies in the Copy but to explicate and adorn the matter more at large or to abridge it yet stil keeping the Authors sence Any such Exposition is called a Paraphrase or Paraphrastical Exposition Paraphrast paraphrastes a Paraphraser one that expounds a Text by other words then it is written in Parasang parasanga a measure of ground containing thirty Stades i.e. three miles and three quarters of ours Parasite parasitus a flatterer a Trencher-friend a smel-feast one that is full hanging on some rich man feeding his humor with flattery to the end to partake of his good Cheer Hence Parasitical pertaining to a Parasite Those Plants or Supercrescences are called Parasitical plants that live upon the stock of others as Parasites do such are Misseltoe Polypody Moss and others Paratragediate paratragoedio to help to set forward a Tragedy to make a matter much worse then indeed it is Parature paratura the matter whereof any thing is made Parcae the three Ladies of destiny Clotho Lachesis and Atropos The first bears a Distaff the second spins the thred of mans life the third cuts off the same thred c. with like fabulous stories Parceners Parcinary See Coparceners Parciloquy parciloquium a sparing or nigardly speech Parcity parcitas scantness nearness niggardliness thrift frugality Pard Pardus the Beast called a Libard Pareasse Pareas a Serpent having to the greatness of his body but a small head yet such a wide mouth that he is able to swallow a whole Pigeon and as he creeps makes a Furrow on the ground with his tail Parellelisation or rather Parallelisation a making Parallels or likes a comparison El. of Armories Parellelogram See Parallelogram Parenetick paraeneticus containing such fatherly or Masterly admonitions or exhortations as may not be gainsaid Hence Parenetick paraenetica are taken for verses full of precepts or admonitions Parent parens à pareo obedient dutiful serviceable Parental parentalis of or pertaining to our Ancestors or Parents Parentation parentatio a celebrating Funerals or Obsequies properly of parents Parenthesis Gr. a word or clause comprehended within another sentence in such sort that it may be left out yet the sence still remain whole and is commonly enclosed with two half circles thus as in Virgil. Aeneas neque enim patriam consistere mentem Passus amor rapidum ad naves praemittit Achatem Pâ—rentâ—de parenticida he that murders his Father Mother or dear Friend Parâ—rgâ—â—ergon or Parerâ—m Gr. Parergue Fr. an addition or acceâ—s a thing put unto though no part of the matter any thing that is beside the principal question point or purpose in hand see Landskip Patâ— Marble a sort of pure white Marble had from the Isle Paros and therefore so called Pariation pariatio evenness of account where as much is laid out as received Paricide Paricida a murtherer of his Father Mother or any of his near Kindred any hainous murtherer and from Paricidium it signifies the Act it self Paricidal paricidalis belonging to such murder cruel Paâ—ieâ—t pariens travelling with young lying in travel bringing forth young Parilian Palilian Feasts parilia Feasts or Festival days dedicated to the goddess Pales for the preservation of Cattel Parility parilitas likeness evenness equality resemblance Parish parochia a multitude of neighbors within a certain compass of ground pertaining to one Church This Land was first divided into Parishes by Honorius Archbishop of Canterbury in the year of our Lord 637. Cam. Brit. Of these Parish Churches there are in England and Wales 9285. according to Speed Parisyllable parisyllabus an equal syllable Parisyllabical parisyllabicus that hath equal syllables those words are called Parisyllabical which have no more syllables in one then another as fama mensa c. So likewise we say in Grammar the first decleâ—sion of Nouns is Parisyllabique because all the Cases of such Nouns in the singular number especially have even syllables as Gemma gemmae gemmae gemmam gemma gemma c. Parity paritas likeness equality evenness Paritude Pariture or Parture from pario a breeding or ingendring the time of travail or deliverance of child or young Parliament or Parlement Fr. q. Parler le ment or Parlament from the Italian and Spanish Parlamento With us it was antiently the Assembly of the King and the three Estates of the Realm viz. The Lords Spiritual Temporal and Commons for debating matters touching the Commonwealth and especially the making and correcting Laws which Assembly or Court is of all other the highest and of greatest authority
The Shekel of Israel on the other Aarons Rod with this Holy Jerusalem this which was called the Holy Shekel was worth of our money about two shillings six pence the common Shekel half so much in weight half an ounce Exod. 30.13 Gen. 23 15 16. And from thence comes our word Skale to weigh with see Moses and Aaron p. 265. Sidelayes A term of Hunters and is when Dogs are laid in the way to be let slip at a Deer as he passes by Sidemen alias Questmen those that are yearly chosen according to the custom of a Parish to assist the Church-wardens in the inquiry and presenting such offenders to the Ordinary as are punishable in the Court Christian Sideral sideralis belonging to stars or Planets Siderated sideratus blasted stricken with a Planet taken benummed Br. Sidereal Siderean siderus of or like stars shining bright heavenly Siderite siderites an iron-like stone which as some imagine has power to set men at variance Also the Load-stone Sigalion an Image in Egypt that by pressing his fingers on his lips seemed to command silence Sigillar sigillaris belonging to a seal or mark Sigiliative sigillatus sealable that is apt or hath strength to seal or mark made of wax Bac. Sigismund Germ. victorious peace or victory with peace that Sig signifies victory Alfric Dasipodius and Luther all agree yet Hadr. Junius turns it victorious or prevailing speech Sigles siglae notes breviatures initial Letters set for words As S.P.D. for Salutem plurimam dicit c. Signacle signaculum a sign seal mark or character Signatory signatorius that is used or serves to seal withal As Annulus signatorius a Seal-Ring a Signet Signature signatura a subscribing a sign manual ones hand or mark set to a writing a signing of a Notary Among Printers the mark or letter they set at the bottom of every sheet printed as A B C c. to tell their Quires by and distinguish one sheet from another is called the Signature Signaturist one that sealeth marketh brandeth Signiferous signifer that bears a sign Standard or Image Silentiary silentiarius an Usher or Crier who sees good rule and silence kept Silery or Cilery Drapery or foliage wrought on the heads of Pillars and Posts and made as cloth and leaves turning divers ways it comes from Siler an Osier or small Withe because Silery ofttimes resembles it see Drapery Silicious siliceus of or pertaining to flint flinty Sillogism see Syllogism Sillographer sillographus a writer of scoffs taunts and revilings such was Timon Silvestrous see in Syl Silurist from silures a Native of or one that lives in South-Wales Simbal see Cimbal Similar Similary parts partes simulares parts of the body of one substance and which though divided retain the name of the whole And Dissimulary parts differ from the whole as Nerves Bones and the like See Dissimilary Simitar see Scymitar Simmetry see Symmetry Simon Hebr. obedient listning Philo. Simony simonia the buying or selling of Church Livings or other spiritual things for mony It first took denomination from Simon Magus a Sorcerer of Samaria who offered money to the Apostles that he might have power to give the Holy Ghost to any he should lay his hands on for which attempt he was sharply reproved by St. Peter Simoniakes from Simon Magus those that buy or sell Church Livings or other spiritual things It is also a general name for all Hereticks because as St. Irenaeus saith Simon was the Father of them all Simoniacal from Simonia pertaining to Simony Simous simus flat nosed Simplisâ— simplista an Herbalist one that understands or professes to understand the nature of Simples Plants and Drugs Simulacre simulacrum an Image of a man or woman the proportion of any thing the shadow figure semblance or pattern of a thing Simulation simulatio a feigning a counterfeiting a making of resemblance a dissembling a colour or pretence Simuleaneous from simultas that is privily displeased or hates with dissembling countenance Le Str. Sina a Mountain in Arabia where the Law of God was given to Moses called also Horeb. Sinapism sinapismus a Medicine Oyntment or Salve made of Mustard serving to raise blisters or wheals on the skin Sindic see Syndic Sindon Gr. very fine Linnen as Cambrick Lawn c. Sing-cantor see Succentor Single the tail of a Deer among Huntsmen Sinister Lat. pertaining to or that is on the left hand unlucky unfortunate contrary Sinisterity sinisteritas unhandsomness frowardness lack of grace in doing a thing Sinon a perfidious Grecian that betrayed Troy c. from whence all perfidious persons may be called Sinons Sinoper sinopis a red stone commonly cal'd Ruddle Sinopical sinopicus of or belonging to that Stone Sion see Scion Siphack Arabick the inner Rim of the belly which is joyned to the Cawl where the Intrailes are covered A term in Anatomy Si-quis is a little Bill set up in some open place upon a Post or Wall and is so called because it usually begins with Si quis If any one viz. hath found that which is mentioned herein to be lost let him bring it to such a place and he shall be rewarded for his pains Sir a title of dignity given to Baronets and Knights and not onely attributed to Kings but to all Gentlemen in discourse some derive it from the Hebr. sar princeps others from the Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. Dominus others from the Brit. Syr or Syre Domine others from the Ital. Sere or Fr. Sire And Stephanus deduces it from Cyrus the Persian word for a Lord or great Prince Sirens Serenes from the Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. attrahere See Mermaides Alluring and tempting women are called Sirens Sirenical pertaining to Sirens attractive Sirenize to play the Siren to attract or allure as Sirens do with singing Sirâ—us the Dog-Star or Star called Canicula at whose rising the Dog-dayes alwayes begin and took denomination Sirocco Ital. a South-East-wind thought to be hurtfull and infectious in Italy Sisyphus a great Robber of Attica slain by Theseus Poets say he rouls a stone to the top of a Hill in Hell which still tumbles back again and so makes his labor endless c. Hence to roul the stone of Sisyphus is taken for any endless or insuperable labor Sitark sitarchus he that hath the office to provide Corn and Victuals sufficient Site situs the setting or standing of any place the seat or situation a Territory or quarter of a Country Sitient sitiens thirsting coveting desiring much Sittim See Sethim Sivil or Sevil from the Span. Sevilla the chief City of Andaluzia in Spain from whence we have our Sevil Oranges and therefore so called Sixain Fr. a sixth sixth part the proportion of six Hence a Poem or Stanza of six verses Sizâ— is a farthings worth of bread or drink which Schollars in Cambridge have at the Buttery noted with the letter S. As in Oxford with the letter Q. for half a farthing and Qa for a farthing And