a_o treatise_n of_o the_o true_a and_o ancient_a jurisdiction_n of_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n by_o sir_n robert_n atkyns_n knight_n of_o the_o bath_n state_n super_fw-la semitas_fw-la antiquas_fw-la london_n print_v in_o the_o year_n mdcxcix_o to_o the_o honourable_a the_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o in_o parliament_n assemble_v the_o humble_a petition_n of_o sir_n robert_n atkyns_n knight_n of_o the_o bath_n show_v that_o your_o petitioner_n in_o the_o several_a public_a employment_n he_o have_v undergo_v have_v have_v more_o than_o ordinary_a occasion_n of_o observe_v the_o increase_a jurisdiction_n of_o the_o court_n of_o equity_n in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o how_o the_o common-law_n the_o birthright_n of_o every_o englishman_n have_v be_v and_o still_o be_v every_o day_n more_o and_o more_o invade_v by_o it_o he_o have_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o collect_v many_o of_o those_o continual_a complaint_n from_o time_n to_o time_n make_v by_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n in_o parliament_n against_o the_o exercise_n of_o that_o new_a jurisdiction_n in_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o it_o and_o your_o petitioner_n have_v great_a reason_n also_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o appeal_n from_o the_o proceed_n of_o those_o court_n and_o humble_o present_v this_o honourable_a house_n with_o what_o he_o have_v collect_v in_o order_n to_o your_o service_n therein_o your_o petitioner_n crave_v leave_v to_o make_v use_n of_o that_o freedom_n which_o belong_v to_o every_o englishman_n to_o tender_v you_o a_o complaint_n against_o so_o public_a â—nd_n spread_v a_o grievance_n he_o do_v not_o appeal_n nor_o complain_v of_o any_o thing_n that_o mere_o concern_v himself_o he_o only_o subjoin_v a_o case_n wherein_o himself_o be_v a_o party_n mere_o as_o a_o instance_n of_o the_o large_a exercise_n of_o a_o power_n against_o the_o know_a and_o fundamental_a rule_n of_o the_o common-law_n as_o he_o conceive_v that_o case_n of_o your_o petitioner_n happen_v very_o late_o in_o the_o chancery_n but_o it_o be_v general_o know_v in_o the_o court_n of_o westminster-hall_n that_o as_o your_o petitioner_n have_v occasion_n he_o have_v for_o many_o year_n frequent_o and_o public_o in_o his_o station_n enveigh_v against_o the_o encroachment_n of_o court_n of_o equity_n and_o that_o late_a course_n of_o appeal_n but_o on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n he_o humble_o offer_v his_o service_n and_o lay_v before_o you_o what_o he_o have_v observe_v and_o collect_v upon_o this_o subject_a after_o near_o threescore_o year_n experience_n and_o submit_v all_o to_o your_o wisdom_n to_o proceed_v in_o provide_v just_a remedy_n and_o your_o petitioner_n shall_v ever_o pray_v etc._n etc._n robert_n atkyns_n of_o the_o supreme_a jurisdiction_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n the_o house_n of_o lord_n have_v a_o very_a ancient_n and_o transcendent_a jurisdiction_n but_o it_o be_v not_o absolute_a nor_o arbitrary_a in_o the_o exercise_n of_o it_o nor_o universal_a and_o in_o all_o case_n it_o be_v a_o power_n limit_v by_o law_n and_o must_v be_v exercise_v according_a to_o the_o know_a rule_n of_o law_n and_o though_o the_o peer_n be_v very_o great_a and_o honourable_a yet_o they_o be_v but_o man_n and_o not_o infallible_a and_o therefore_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n lie_v upon_o their_o judgement_n and_o the_o law_n allow_v that_o liberty_n to_o the_o mean_a subject_n to_o demur_v to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o any_o court_n whatsoever_o even_o that_o of_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n let_v we_o inquire_v into_o their_o jurisdiction_n when_o it_o begin_v and_o in_o what_o case_n they_o have_v a_o right_a to_o it_o a_o eminent_a author_n suppose_v to_o be_v the_o late_a lord_n hollis_n upon_o occasion_n of_o the_o great_a cause_n between_o skinner_n and_o the_o east-india-company_n so_o much_o dispute_v between_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n have_v in_o print_n assert_v that_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n have_v their_o right_n of_o judicature_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o nation_n page_n 134._o he_o affirm_v it_o be_v a_o power_n lodge_v in_o they_o by_o the_o very_a frame_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o government_n as_o to_o the_o extent_n of_o their_o jurisdiction_n page_n 213._o he_o affirm_v that_o they_o have_v a_o undoubted_a right_n to_o a_o universal_a and_o unlimited_a power_n of_o take_v conusance_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o cause_n of_o what_o nature_n soever_o and_o of_o judge_v and_o determine_v of_o they_o if_o no_o particular_a law_n do_v otherwise_o dispose_v of_o they_o nec_fw-la metas_fw-la rerum_fw-la nec_fw-la tempora_fw-la ponit_fw-la the_o first_o of_o these_o seem_v to_o entrench_v very_o far_o upon_o the_o regal_a power_n he_o not_o only_o make_v their_o power_n equal_a in_o time_n to_o it_o own_v no_o derivation_n from_o it_o but_o in_o effect_n claim_v a_o co-ordination_a with_o it_o but_o the_o claim_n of_o such_o a_o independent_a and_o original_a power_n sound_v like_o that_o which_o be_v take_v to_o be_v a_o peculiar_a of_o the_o supreme_a power_n as_o to_o the_o administration_n of_o it_o viz._n in_o all_o cause_n and_o over_o all_o person_n etc._n etc._n nay_o he_o hold_v that_o the_o peerage_n set_v bound_n both_o to_o power_n and_o liberty_n page_n 71._o as_o this_o author_n maintain_v it_o it_o may_v easy_o be_v understand_v by_o what_o follow_v what_o be_v mean_v there_o by_o power_n viz._n the_o regal_a administration_n of_o it_o whereas_o the_o common-law_n of_o england_n and_o all_o the_o author_n and_o writer_n of_o it_o do_v with_o one_o consent_n acknowledge_v jurisdiction_n within_o this_o realm_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o crown_n and_o that_o no_o court_n have_v a_o absolute_a and_o unlimited_a power_n save_o the_o supreme_a court_n of_o the_o nation_n consist_v of_o the_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o assemble_v in_o parliament_n and_o in_o they_o indeed_o be_v the_o true_a supreme_a power_n under_o god_n but_o that_o according_a to_o the_o different_a nature_n of_o cause_n some_o be_v distribute_v into_o one_o court_n and_o some_o into_o another_o but_o not_o any_o one_o court_n have_v jurisdiction_n in_o all_o cause_n save_v that_o of_o the_o parliament_n and_o that_o all_o court_n must_v proceed_v by_o some_o certain_a know_a rule_n that_o be_v the_o court_n of_o the_o common-law_n secundum_fw-la legem_fw-la &_o consuetudinem_fw-la angliae_fw-la and_o court_n of_o equity_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a and_o constant_a precedent_n and_o usage_n but_o this_o court_n of_o peer_n for_o i_o confine_v myself_o still_o to_o what_o be_v assert_v by_o this_o noble_a author_n do_v whole_o exclude_v the_o king_n and_o engross_v all_o to_o themselves_o no_o by_o no_o mean_n he_o allow_v the_o king_n a_o single_a voice_n among_o they_o page_z 145._o as_o a_o chief_a justice_n in_o another_o court_n who_o voice_n or_o opinion_n have_v no_o more_o force_n than_o that_o of_o a_o puisny_n judge_n no_o not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o casting-voice_n where_o they_o be_v equal_o divide_v i_o shall_v offer_v to_o consideration_n upon_o what_o ground_n and_o proof_n this_o noble_a author_n do_v entitle_v the_o house_n of_o peer_n to_o this_o unlimited_a jurisdiction_n he_o have_v be_v lead_v into_o these_o opinion_n i_o fear_v by_o some_o late_a overzealous_a and_o injudicious_a writer_n who_o out_o of_o a_o too_o fond_a and_o forward_a zeal_n to_o depress_v the_o house_n of_o commons_o in_o the_o late_a exorbitant_a power_n which_o they_o take_v upon_o they_o in_o the_o late_a time_n in_o order_n i_o say_v to_o the_o decry_v of_o their_o usurp_v power_n those_o writer_n think_v they_o can_v never_o sufficient_o exalt_v the_o power_n of_o the_o lord_n to_o overbalance_n that_o of_o the_o commons_o and_o it_o may_v perhaps_o be_v useful_a by_o the_o way_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o strange_a revolution_n that_o in_o the_o late_a time_n happen_v to_o the_o government_n of_o this_o nation_n 1._o our_o king_n begin_v first_o to_o strain_v prerogative_n too_o high_a upon_o the_o subject_a 2._o both_o the_o house_n of_o parliament_n thereupon_o join_v together_o in_o usurp_a upon_o the_o regal_a power_n 3._o after_o some_o short_a time_n the_o late_a house_n of_o commons_o by_o the_o help_n of_o their_o army_n lay_v aside_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n sic_fw-la cum_fw-la sole_a perit_fw-la syderibus_fw-la decor_fw-la 4._o after_o some_o time_n again_o a_o lesser_a part_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o exclude_v the_o great_a part_n 5._o and_o these_o their_o own_o army_n overtop_n as_o be_v but_o the_o fragment_n of_o that_o house_n 1._o sic_fw-la medus_n ademit_fw-la 2._o assyrio_fw-la medóque_fw-la tulit_fw-la moderamina_fw-la perses_n 3_o persen_n subjecit_fw-la macedo_n cessurus_n &_o ipse_fw-la 4._o romano_n these_o modern_a writer_n who_o be_v such_o earnest_a advocate_n for_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n ascribe_v to_o the_o lord_n
be_v account_v in_o those_o day_n honos_fw-la be_v not_o without_o the_o onus_fw-la the_o only_a title_n that_o we_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o saxon_a time_n as_o we_o learn_v out_o of_o mr._n lambert_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n mr._n selden_n and_o mr._n cambden_n be_v alderman_n which_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o dane_n be_v translate_v into_o eorl_n and_o in_o the_o norman_a time_n into_o comes_n and_o the_o title_n of_o heretoch_n which_o i_o have_v just_a now_o explain_v and_o those_o other_o title_n of_o vavasor_n and_o thane_n have_v all_o a_o reference_n to_o possession_n in_o land_n and_o be_v rather_o officiary_a than_o honorary_a and_o be_v general_o due_a to_o these_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la who_o be_v the_o same_o with_o barones_n for_o that_o of_o alderman_n or_o come_v or_o satrapa_n say_v cambden_n in_o his_o britannia_n page_n 135_o and_o 136._o comitis_fw-la nomen_fw-la ut_fw-la dignitatem_fw-la notaret_fw-la sine_fw-la administratione_fw-la in_fw-la usu_fw-la non_fw-la fuit_fw-la in_o the_o elder_a time_n and_o so_o say_v selden_n in_o his_o title_n of_o honour_n page_n 604._o nec_fw-la dum_fw-la haereditaria_fw-la fuit_fw-la dignitas_fw-la initio_fw-la dignitas_fw-la temporaria_fw-la post_v aquavitae_fw-la aequalis_fw-la but_o in_o that_o age_n title_n of_o honour_n and_o place_n be_v no_o more_o hereditary_a than_o virtue_n and_o true_a worth_n be_v which_o be_v not_o ex_fw-la traduce_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n comites_fw-la caeperunt_fw-la esse_fw-la feodales_n &_o hereditarii_fw-la dux_n nomen_fw-la officii_fw-la non_fw-la honoris_fw-la say_v cambden_n page_n 134_o 135._o oneris_fw-la non_fw-la honoris_fw-la it_o be_v no_o title_n of_o honour_n till_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o make_v his_o son_n edward_n the_o black-prince_n duke_n of_o cornwall_n and_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o that_o prince_n son_n make_v robert_n de_fw-fr vere_n the_o first_o marquis_n that_o be_v of_o dublin_n and_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o make_v the_o first_o viscount_n which_o still_o be_v also_o a_o name_n officiary_n selden_n title_n etc._n etc._n page_n 621._o the_o king_n thane_n be_v he_o that_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o chief_a by_o knight_n service_n he_o be_v of_o the_o same_o kind_n with_o they_o who_o after_o the_o come_n of_o the_o norman_n be_v honorary_a of_o parliamentary_a baron_n the_o name_n of_o vavasor_n say_v seld._n ib._n 625._o be_v feodal_n only_o and_o not_o at_o all_o honorary_a in_o doomsday_n say_v he_o it_o sometime_o occur_v as_o a_o synonomy_n with_o liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la regis_fw-la these_o tenant_n de_fw-fr rege_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la be_v the_o person_n that_o have_v right_o to_o sit_v in_o parliament_n and_o in_o the_o supreme_a judicature_n and_o council_n during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o first_o six_o or_o seven_o of_o the_o king_n next_o after_o the_o come_n of_o the_o selden_n title_n etc._n etc._n pag._n 705._o to_o the_o magnum_fw-la concilium_fw-la and_o solenne_fw-fr concilium_fw-la king_n henry_n the_o second_o omnibus_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la tenebant_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la mandari_fw-la fecit_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o mr._n selden_n ib._n pag._n 701_o and_o 702._o give_v we_o precedent_n of_o cause_n determine_v in_o this_o high_a and_o supreme_a judicature_n as_o that_o between_o thomas_n archbishop_n of_o york_n and_o ulstan_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n touch_v certain_a possession_n anno_fw-la quarto_fw-la of_o william_n the_o first_o in_o concilio_n coram_fw-la rege_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la commitibus_fw-la &_o primatibus_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la and_o it_o have_v already_o be_v show_v who_o be_v understand_v by_o primate_fw-la and_o ib._n pag._n 703._o there_o be_v a_o decree_n make_v touch_v the_o primacy_n of_o canterbury_n totius_fw-la regni_fw-la assensu_fw-la say_v eadmerus_n which_o say_v selden_n express_v a_o full_a parliament_n suppose_v to_o be_v in_o the_o five_o year_n of_o the_o say_v william_n the_o first_o at_o pinneden_n in_o kent_n now_o for_o the_o mighty_a number_n of_o which_o this_o great_a assembly_n do_v ever_o consist_v mr._n petit_n in_o his_o book_n wherein_o he_o assert_v the_o right_a of_o the_o commons_o pag._n 100_o cite_v a_o passage_n out_o of_o matth._n paris_n pag._n 255._o who_o say_v that_o in_o the_o year_n 1215._o decimo_fw-la sexto_fw-la johannis_n regis_fw-la there_o meet_v tota_n angliae_fw-la nobilitas_fw-la in_o unum_n collecta_fw-la quae_fw-la sub_fw-la numero_fw-la non_fw-la cadebat_fw-la and_o yet_o it_o be_v call_v nobilitas_fw-la and_o cambden_n in_o his_o britannia_n pag._n 137._o speak_v of_o their_o number_n say_v ipsaque_fw-la baronum_fw-la multitudo_fw-la persuadet_fw-la tale_n fuisse_fw-la dominos_fw-la qui_fw-la jus_o in_fw-la suâ_fw-la ditione_n dicere_fw-la possent_fw-la all_o lord_n of_o manor_n that_o have_v their_o court_n baron_n which_o from_o thence_o have_v also_o their_o name_n of_o court_n baron_n sir_n hen._n spelman_n in_o his_o glossary_n say_v of_o these_o baron_n that_o they_o be_v ingens_fw-la multitudo_fw-la quae_fw-la plus_fw-la minus_fw-la be_v thirty_o thousand_o nullo_n tecto_fw-la convocari_fw-la poterat_fw-la therefore_o they_o meet_v in_o great_a camp_n and_o field_n and_o sir_n hen._n spelman_n say_v he_o can_v hardly_o believe_v quod_fw-la nonnulli_fw-la perhibent_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la barones_n locum_fw-la aliquando_fw-la in_o summis_fw-la illis_fw-la comitiis_fw-la obtinuisse_fw-la because_o of_o their_o vast_a number_n by_o all_o this_o that_o have_v be_v say_v and_o so_o full_o prove_v i_o suppose_v it_o clear_o appear_v that_o those_o that_o make_v up_o the_o assembly_n for_o the_o legislature_n and_o supreme_a judicature_n come_v thither_o by_o a_o feodal_a right_n unless_o the_o burgess_n only_o and_o some_o ecclesiastical_a person_n and_o some_o great_a officer_n here_o be_v not_o in_o all_o these_o precedent_n record_n or_o testimony_n of_o approve_a author_n and_o antiquary_n the_o least_o mention_n of_o any_o distinction_n among_o they_o like_o that_o of_o lord_n and_o commons_o or_o upper_a and_o low_a house_n or_o that_o they_o be_v divide_v in_o their_o place_n of_o sit_v or_o meet_v for_o as_o be_v before_o observe_v their_o number_n be_v so_o vast_a that_o nullo_n tecto_fw-la convocari_fw-la poterant_fw-la no_o one_o house_n can_v hold_v they_o in_o the_o case_n of_o godsol_n and_o sir_n christop_v heydon_n 12._o jac._n in_o sergeant_n roll_v 1._o rep._n fol._n 18._o it_o be_v affirm_v by_o sir_n edward_n coke_n that_o in_o ancient_a time_n all_o the_o parliament_n sit_v together_o and_o that_o he_o have_v see_v a_o record_n of_o it_o in_o the_o thirty_o year_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o but_o william_n pryn_n according_a to_o his_o accustom_a humour_n contradict_v sir_n edward_n coke_n in_o this_o in_o his_o preface_n to_o sir_n cotton_n abridgement_n of_o the_o record_n of_o the_o tower_n it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o they_o all_o have_v a_o right_a to_o come_v to_o the_o great_a convention_n for_o have_v they_o all_o be_v call_v by_o special_a writ_n as_o the_o lord_n now_o be_v the_o king_n will_v never_o have_v call_v so_o great_a a_o number_n which_o do_v but_o hinder_v business_n there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o mention_n of_o special_a writ_n and_o it_o will_v have_v be_v a_o infinite_a work_n to_o issue_n out_o so_o many_o writ_n print_v not_o be_v then_o invent_v therefore_o no_o doubt_n but_o they_o come_v thither_o by_o a_o general_a summons_n there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o intimation_n of_o any_o distinction_n in_o their_o power_n but_o every_o one_o have_v a_o like_a share_n in_o the_o power_n both_o in_o the_o legislature_n and_o judicature_n none_o come_v among_o they_o by_o a_o mere_a title_n of_o honour_n and_o dignity_n but_o in_o right_a of_o their_o possesion_n and_o tenor_n this_o be_v not_o indeed_o the_o representative_a of_o the_o nation_n but_o as_o i_o say_v before_o the_o principal_n and_o in_o effect_n the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o nation_n which_o be_v much_o great_a but_o at_o last_o this_o great_a body_n fall_v with_o its_o own_o weight_n for_o say_v sir_n hen._n spelman_n cum_fw-la sua_fw-la tandem_fw-la laborarent_fw-la multitudine_fw-la conventúsque_fw-la sic_fw-la magis_fw-la premerent_fw-la quam_fw-la regni_fw-la negotia_fw-la expedirent_fw-la they_o do_v rather_o hinder_v than_o help_v consultius_fw-la visum_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la neglectis_fw-la minoribus_fw-la praecipui_fw-la tantùm_fw-la per_fw-la breve_fw-la regis_fw-la evocarentur_fw-la it_o be_v with_o this_o constitution_n of_o the_o great_a assembly_n of_o the_o freeholder_n of_o the_o nation_n as_o it_o happen_v with_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n when_o it_o have_v attain_v to_o its_o acma_n and_o full_a growth_n mole_n ruebat_fw-la suâ_fw-la and_o learned_a cambden_n tell_v we_o in_o what_o time_n a_o division_n of_o this_o great_a body_n be_v effect_v henricus_fw-la tertius_fw-la say_v he_o in_o his_o britannia_n pag._n 137._o exit_fw-la tantâ_fw-la multitudine_fw-la speak_v of_o the_o parliament_n in_o those_o time_n quae_fw-la seditiosa_fw-la &_o turbulenta_fw-la fuit_fw-la optimos_fw-la quosque_fw-la
the_o petition_n must_v be_v to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o great_a council_n note_n this_o be_v very_o observable_a note_v here_o that_o the_o direction_n and_o entitle_v of_o petition_n to_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a in_o parliament_n assemble_v omit_v and_o leave_v out_o the_o king_n in_o the_o direction_n as_o it_o be_v now_o use_v and_o have_v be_v ever_o since_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o go_v away_o from_o the_o two_o house_n in_o 1641._o be_v not_o according_a to_o ancient_a form_n and_o custom_n and_o that_o the_o ancient_a accustom_a form_n be_v not_o to_o the_o lord_n by_o the_o title_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a assemble_v in_o parliament_n as_o now_o use_v but_o to_o the_o great_a council_n who_o that_o great_a council_n do_v consist_v of_o and_o by_o who_o nominate_v and_o constitute_v i_o have_v make_v some_o conjecture_n by_o what_o i_o have_v before_o in_o this_o treatise_n discourse_v of_o concern_v that_o magnum_fw-la concilium_fw-la in_o parliamento_fw-la and_o concern_v the_o ancient_a and_o constant_a usage_n till_o of_o late_a year_n and_o until_o the_o separation_n between_o the_o say_a king_n charles_n and_o the_o parliament_n of_o the_o king_n be_v appoint_v trier_n of_o petition_n in_o every_o parliament_n let_v the_o reader_n take_v occasion_n here_o to_o look_v back_o upon_o what_o i_o have_v herein_o already_o discourse_v upon_o this_o subject_a which_o may_v give_v light_n to_o this_o matter_n in_o the_o last_o place_n the_o archbishop_n report_n that_o they_o can_v find_v but_o only_o one_o precedent_n of_o this_o nature_n which_o be_v a_o complaint_n by_o petition_n against_o michael_n de-la-poole_n lord_n chancellor_n for_o matter_n of_o corruption_n which_o precedent_n i_o have_v mention_v before_o for_o michael_n de-la-poole_n lord_n chancellor_n be_v accuse_v in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o by_o john_n cavendish_n of_o london_n fishmonger_n for_o bribery_n i_o presume_v too_o according_a to_o the_o usual_a form_n of_o petition_n as_o the_o archbishop_n report_v they_o to_o be_v that_o this_o petition_n be_v direct_v to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o great_a council_n and_o not_o to_o the_o lord_n etc._n etc._n assemble_v in_o parliament_n but_o i_o conceive_v this_o only_a precedent_n as_o the_o archbishop_n call_v it_o be_v no_o precedent_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n as_o have_v be_v so_o frequent_o use_v of_o late_a and_o still_o be_v for_o a_o appeal_n against_o a_o decree_n mere_o for_o error_n in_o judgement_n for_o to_o err_v in_o judgement_n in_o make_v a_o decree_n and_o for_o the_o judge_n that_o make_v the_o decree_n to_o receive_v a_o bribe_n in_o the_o case_n be_v two_o different_a thing_n for_o to_o err_v in_o judgement_n as_o humanum_fw-la est_fw-la errare_fw-la be_v of_o a_o mere_a civil_a nature_n but_o to_o be_v corrupt_a and_o take_v a_o bribe_n though_o the_o decree_n be_v just_a be_v of_o a_o criminal_a nature_n and_o therefore_o not_o to_o the_o purpose_n of_o what_o we_o be_v discourse_v and_o there_o be_v about_o 240_o year_n distance_n in_o time_n between_o this_o only_a precedent_n and_o the_o time_n of_o this_o search_n make_v by_o the_o committee_n of_o lord_n viz._n 18._o jac._n 1._o a_o large_a casma_n in_o a_o usage_n and_o custom_n for_o the_o exercise_n of_o a_o jurisdiction_n and_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n must_v still_o be_v determine_v by_o precedent_n and_o custom_n consuetudo_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la est_fw-la lex_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la be_v the_o old_a rule_n this_o complaint_n by_o sir_n john_n bourchier_n be_v in_o a_o matter_n not_o of_o error_n in_o judgement_n for_o then_o that_o error_n must_v in_o particular_a have_v be_v assign_v and_o the_o judge_v not_o have_v be_v reflect_v upon_o but_o the_o complaint_n be_v of_o a_o maladministration_n in_o the_o judge_n a_o hasty_a hear_v and_o witness_n not_o hear_v and_o therefore_o the_o lord_n in_o that_o case_n censure_v the_o petitioner_n for_o cast_v a_o scandal_n upon_o the_o judge_n for_o the_o lord_n examine_v the_o matter_n and_o find_v the_o suggestion_n of_o the_o petition_n to_o be_v false_a the_o cause_n have_v have_v a_o deliberate_a hear_v and_o the_o petitioner_n witness_n have_v be_v hear_v yet_o the_o petitioner_n for_o the_o scandal_n have_v but_o a_o easy_a penance_n and_o that_o be_v remit_v whole_o viz._n to_o acknowledge_v this_o offence_n but_o note_v this_o be_v a_o proceed_n against_o he_o upon_o his_o own_o petition_n he_o himself_o entitle_v the_o lord_n in_o this_o case_n to_o a_o jurisdiction_n it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o any_o adverse_a party_n be_v summon_v to_o defend_v it_o the_o lord-keeper_n himself_o defend_v it_o upon_o the_o point_n of_o scandal_n there_o be_v yet_o another_o most_o memorable_a case_n in_o the_o very_a journal_n of_o the_o lord_n too_o and_o that_o be_v four_o year_n after_o viz._n 22._o jac._n 1._o which_o be_v as_o follow_v and_o it_o come_v strong_o home_o to_o the_o point_n in_o hand_n viz._n of_o appeal_n 28._o 1624._o may_v 22._o jac._n 1._o william_n matthews_n petition_v against_o george_n matthews_n by_o way_n of_o appeal_n in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n and_o question_v a_o decree_n make_v by_o the_o lord-keeper_n in_o chancery_n on_o the_o defendant_n behalf_n from_o which_o decree_n william_n matthews_n appeal_v it_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o journal_n of_o the_o lord_n 28._o may_v 22._o jac._n 1._o the_o lord_n committee_n who_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o whole_a house_n to_o examine_v the_o cause_n hear_v council_n on_o both_o side_n several_a day_n and_o report_a to_o the_o house_n their_o opinion_n for_o the_o petitioner_n and_o appellant_n thereupon_o the_o respondent_fw-la george_n matthews_n petition_v the_o lord_n house_n against_o that_o report_n and_o opinion_n of_o the_o committee_n and_o in_o his_o petition_n allege_v that_o he_o be_v inform_v by_o his_o council_n that_o it_o have_v be_v the_o course_n of_o the_o house_n to_o reverse_v decree_n only_o by_o bill_n legal_o exhibit_v that_o be_v by_o a_o bill_n to_o pass_v into_o a_o act_n by_o parliament_n for_o what_o can_v a_o bill_n in_o that_o case_n otherwise_o signify_v this_o show_n that_o the_o whole_a parliament_n be_v the_o proper_a judge_n of_o it_o the_o lord_n house_n hereupon_o be_v tender_a and_o cautious_a how_o they_o entertain_v a_o new_a jurisdiction_n name_v another_o committee_n of_o lord_n to_o set_v down_o a_o order_n in_o that_o cause_n that_o committee_n report_v their_o order_n viz._n that_o the_o cause_n be_v review'd_n in_o chancery_n by_o the_o lord-keeper_n by_o such_o lord_n as_o the_o lord_n house_n shall_v name_v and_o by_o any_o two_o of_o the_o judge_n as_o the_o lord-keeper_n shall_v name_v for_o which_o end_n the_o lord-keeper_n be_v to_o be_v a_o humble_a suitor_n to_o the_o king_n from_o the_o house_n to_o grant_v a_o commission_n to_o himself_o the_o lord-keeper_n and_o the_o lord_n to_o be_v name_v by_o the_o house_n the_o lord_n house_n approve_v of_o the_o order_n and_o name_v seven_o lord_n the_o king_n grant_v the_o commission_n according_o and_o the_o decree_n in_o chancery_n be_v reverse_v upon_o it_o the_o order_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o register_n office_n of_o the_o chancery_n mich._n and_o hill_n 22._o jac._n 1._o this_o be_v a_o discharge_n all_o that_o the_o lord_n have_v before_o do_v in_o it_o note_n though_o they_o have_v in_o effect_n arrive_v at_o the_o very_a port_n and_o make_v a_o conclusive_a order_n and_o decree_n but_o after_o all_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o right_n and_o usual_a method_n in_o the_o main_a of_o it_o viz._n to_o be_v determine_v by_o a_o commission_n from_o the_o king_n to_o the_o lord-keeper_n himself_o to_o salve_v his_o honour_n in_o it_o quoth_v in_o consultò_fw-la fecimus_fw-la consultò_fw-la revocemus_fw-la and_o to_o some_o judge_n who_o be_v the_o most_o proper_a and_o to_o the_o lord_n who_o for_o that_o purpose_n be_v recommend_v by_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n which_o be_v in_o compliance_n with_o their_o desire_n but_o not_o stricti_fw-la juris_fw-la but_o the_o king_n commission_n be_v the_o true_a regular_a and_o warrantable_a ground_n and_o foundation_n of_o all_o the_o further_a proceed_n in_o that_o case_n and_o all_o this_o by_o the_o direction_n and_o with_o the_o opinion_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o lord_n themselves_o in_o a_o case_n wherein_o they_o have_v begin_v and_o make_v a_o large_a progress_n in_o the_o exercise_n of_o a_o jurisdiction_n and_o then_o whole_o desist_v nor_o be_v the_o subject_a without_o a_o proper_a and_o ordinary_a remedy_n if_o our_o law-book_n may_v be_v credit_v where_o he_o be_v grieve_v by_o a_o erroneous_a decree_n in_o a_o court_n of_o equity_n see_v serjeant_n rolles_n report_n the_o 1_o sy_n part_n fol._n 331._o the_o case_n of_o vaudrey_n against_o panel_n sir_n edward_n coke_n
all_o that_o vast_a power_n and_o jurisdiction_n which_o they_o read_v in_o our_o ancient_a history_n to_o be_v exercise_v by_o the_o national_a assembly_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o old_a british_a saxon_a danish_a and_o norman_a king_n thus_o write_v mr._n william_n pryn_n in_o his_o plea_n for_o the_o lord_n and_o house_n of_o peer_n page_n 164._o that_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n have_v this_o sovereign_a jurisdiction_n vest_v in_o it_o both_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o british_a saxon_a danish_a and_o norman_a king_n and_o other_o modern_a writer_n chime_v in_o with_o he_o whereas_o it_o be_v most_o evident_a by_o our_o more_o ancient_a and_o most_o judicious_a author_n and_o antiquary_n that_o the_o great_a assembly_n which_o be_v convene_v in_o ancient_a time_n here_o in_o england_n be_v quite_o of_o another_o constitution_n and_o complexion_n from_o the_o now_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n and_o have_v no_o resemblance_n to_o they_o it_o be_v in_o those_o ancient_a time_n but_o one_o great_a and_o numerous_a assembly_n that_o meet_v not_o distinguish_v either_o by_o those_o several_a term_n of_o lord_n and_o commons_o or_o by_o two_o house_n the_o upper_a and_o the_o low_a nor_o by_o any_o other_o divide_v title_n those_o great_a assembly_n have_v under_o our_o several_a king_n and_o together_o with_o they_o the_o whole_a legislative_a and_o judicial_a power_n with_o little_a distinction_n to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o exercise_n of_o those_o two_o mighty_a power_n the_o member_n of_o they_o be_v not_o qualify_v neither_o by_o any_o title_n of_o honour_n though_o there_o may_v be_v honorary_a title_n in_o those_o time_n but_o they_o be_v qualify_v and_o entitle_v to_o their_o power_n by_o their_o possession_n and_o tenor_n and_o some_o few_o by_o certain_a great_a office_n this_o great_a assembly_n can_v not_o proper_o be_v call_v the_o representative_a of_o the_o nation_n for_o they_o come_v not_o all_o to_o these_o assembly_n as_o choose_v by_o the_o people_n but_o most_o of_o they_o come_v thither_o in_o their_o own_o personal_a inherent_a right_n and_o may_v more_o just_o be_v call_v the_o principal_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o look_v upon_o as_o the_o true_a owner_n and_o proprietor_n of_o the_o nation_n account_v the_o land-interest_n to_o be_v the_o main_a and_o the_o true_a and_o stable_a interest_n and_o may_v therefore_o true_o be_v term_v the_o nation_n itself_o assemble_v or_o the_o people_n assemble_v it_o be_v the_o land-interest_n then_o that_o give_v both_o honour_n and_o power_n that_o census_n honour_n yet_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o ancient_a borough_n do_v elect_a their_o representative_n even_o in_o the_o most_o ancient_a time_n who_o be_v at_o first_o a_o small_a part_n of_o these_o great_a assembly_n though_o now_o much_o more_o numerous_a and_o weigh_v down_o the_o balance_n and_o this_o be_v prove_v to_o have_v be_v long_o before_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o though_o those_o late_a writer_n date_n it_o from_o that_o time_n only_o it_o will_v be_v folly_n to_o undertake_v to_o give_v any_o clear_a or_o large_a account_n of_o the_o supreme_a judicature_n that_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o ancient_a briton_n saxon_n or_o dane_n which_o many_o of_o our_o late_a writer_n pretend_v to_o do_v for_o tacitus_n in_o the_o life_n of_o agricola_n tell_v we_o of_o the_o old_a briton_n that_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o come_n of_o the_o roman_n into_o this_o land_n they_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o in_o commune_fw-la consulere_fw-la that_o be_v they_o have_v no_o common-council_n nor_o do_v they_o meet_v together_o to_o consult_v how_o to_o repel_v their_o common_a danger_n but_o be_v divide_v into_o a_o multitude_n of_o feud_n and_o faction_n under_o their_o reguli_fw-la or_o pretty_a prince_n rarus_n duabus_fw-la tribusve_fw-la civitatibus_fw-la ad_fw-la propulsandum_fw-la commune_fw-la periculum_fw-la conventus_fw-la after_o the_o briton_n be_v whole_o subdue_v by_o the_o roman_n they_o receive_v law_n and_o magistracy_n from_o their_o conqueror_n net_n legibus_fw-la suis_fw-la patriis_fw-la uti_fw-la permissi_fw-la sunt_fw-la though_o it_o be_v imply_v that_o they_o have_v law_n of_o their_o own_o sed_fw-la magistratus_fw-la à _fw-la populo_fw-la romano_n cum_fw-la imperio_fw-la &_o securibus_fw-la missi_fw-la qui_fw-la jus_o dicerent_fw-la say_v learned_a cambden_n in_o his_o britannia_n page_n 48._o for_o which_o he_o cite_v his_o author_n the_o saxon_n who_o succeed_v the_o roman_n divide_v the_o nation_n into_o seven_o part_n and_o constitute_v the_o heptarchy_n it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o search_v for_o a_o house_n of_o lord_n or_o any_o one_o supreme_a judicature_n all_o that_o time_n for_o all_o the_o nation_n the_o supreme_a judicature_n in_o those_o time_n must_v be_v seven_o in_o number_n if_o any_o for_o the_o seven_o be_v independent_a one_o of_o the_o other_o most_o part_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o saxon_a government_n be_v so_o obscure_a say_v our_o great_a selden_n that_o we_o can_v see_v only_a step_n or_o tear_v relic_n of_o they_o rather_o than_o so_o much_o as_o may_v give_v full_a satisfaction_n if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n in_o their_o time_n to_o our_o purpose_n that_o be_v concern_v one_o supreme_a court_n of_o judicature_n to_o which_o the_o whole_a nation_n be_v subject_a it_o must_v fall_v towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o saxon_a time_n after_o egbert_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n have_v reduce_v the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o heptarchy_n under_o his_o obedience_n when_o they_o do_v in_o unum_fw-la coalescere_fw-la and_o be_v all_o seven_o melt_v down_o into_o one_o mass._n and_o after_o the_o several_a government_n and_o part_n be_v unite_v though_o the_o government_n be_v but_o one_o yet_o there_o be_v three_o several_a and_o distinct_a law_n remain_v in_o force_n which_o have_v their_o several_a limit_n and_o precinct_n see_v lambert_n de_fw-fr priscis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la legibus_fw-la page_n 180._o and_o these_o be_v not_o mere_o some_o certain_a different_a custom_n for_o so_o it_o be_v to_o this_o day_n in_o our_o several_a county_n as_o of_o gavelkind_n and_o burrough_n english_a etc._n etc._n but_o they_o be_v under_o three_o distinct_a system_n or_o body_n of_o law_n so_o that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v any_o way_n practicable_a during_o that_o time_n to_o have_v any_o one_o great_a court_n of_o judicature_n for_o the_o whole_a land_n by_o which_o of_o those_o three_o law_n shall_v that_o great_a judicature_n have_v proceed_v but_o after_o some_o time_n those_o three_o different_a body_n of_o law_n be_v find_v incompatible_a with_o one_o entire_a government_n as_o it_o come_v to_o be_v at_o last_o and_o therefore_o king_n edgar_n a_o saxon_a king_n out_o of_o these_o three_o body_n of_o law_n by_o the_o counsel_n of_o his_o wise_a man_n compose_v one_o great_a body_n of_o law_n to_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o whole_a nation_n of_o england_n and_o edward_n the_o confessor_n give_v new_a vigour_n and_o life_n of_o this_o new_a body_n which_o be_v afterward_o extract_v out_o of_o those_o three_o old_a body_n of_o law_n and_o be_v indeed_o the_o fountain_n and_o materia_fw-la prima_fw-la of_o that_o which_o we_o now_o call_v the_o common-law_n of_o england_n from_o these_o we_o derive_v our_o trial_n by_o twelve_o man_n our_o levy_n of_o fine_n of_o land_n and_o the_o office_n of_o sheriff_n coroner_n constable_n and_o many_o more_o of_o our_o law_n custom_n and_o office_n continue_v among_o we_o ever_o since_o unto_o this_o day_n and_o these_o be_v those_o good_a old_a law_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n which_o william_n the_o first_o who_o be_v style_v the_o conqueror_n do_v more_o than_o once_o swear_v to_o govern_v by_o which_o prove_v he_o to_o be_v indeed_o no_o conqueror_n and_o these_o make_v up_o the_o great_a part_n of_o our_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la i_o shall_v mention_v some_o few_o precedent_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_n of_o their_o supreme_a judicature_n and_o examine_v what_o resemblance_n they_o bear_v with_o that_o use_v at_o present_a among_o we_o and_o then_o i_o shall_v give_v some_o account_n of_o the_o supreme_a court_n of_o judicature_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o norman_a government_n during_o the_o time_n of_o their_o first_o six_o or_o seven_o king_n and_o by_o the_o way_n still_o examine_v how_o just_o any_o court_n now_o in_o be_v can_v be_v say_v to_o derive_v their_o power_n from_o they_o and_o to_o sit_v and_o succeed_v they_o in_o their_o seat_n and_o in_o the_o last_o place_n i_o shall_v make_v my_o conjecture_n how_o and_o at_o what_o time_n the_o magnum_fw-la concilium_fw-la in_o parliamento_fw-la or_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n first_o begin_v to_o exercise_v the_o supreme_a judicature_n and_o while_o i_o run_v through_o the_o precedent_n and_o cite_v my_o author_n whoever_o read_v they_o may_v at_o the_o
same_o instant_n make_v their_o observation_n of_o these_o particular_n ensue_v which_o i_o conceive_v will_v evident_o result_v and_o arise_v from_o they_o 1._o first_o that_o the_o supreme_a power_n of_o legislature_n and_o the_o supreme_a power_n of_o judicature_n which_o yet_o be_v distinct_a thing_n in_o themselves_o for_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n jus_o dare_v and_o another_o thing_n jus_o dicere_fw-la both_o these_o high_a power_n i_o say_v under_o our_o several_a ancient_a king_n reside_v in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o assembly_n consi_v of_o the_o very_a same_o person_n but_o with_o different_a method_n in_o their_o way_n of_o proceed_v that_o be_v whoever_o have_v a_o hand_n in_o the_o legislature_n be_v not_o exclude_v from_o the_o judicature_n wherein_o it_o differ_v from_o our_o present_a constitution_n which_o be_v that_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n who_o have_v but_o a_o share_n in_o the_o legislature_n yet_o now_o claim_v to_o themselves_o the_o sole_a power_n of_o judicature_n as_o the_o last_o resort_n 2._o second_o another_o thing_n that_o i_o shall_v observe_v out_o of_o the_o several_a precedent_n and_o author_n that_o i_o shall_v mention_v be_v this_o that_o the_o great_a convention_n and_o assembly_n that_o ancient_o have_v these_o two_o great_a power_n of_o legislature_n and_o judicature_n be_v but_o one_o entire_a great_a body_n and_o assembly_n not_o divide_v into_o two_o or_o more_o part_n nor_o distinguish_v as_o now_o into_o two_o house_n or_o by_o the_o name_n of_o lord_n and_o commons_o but_o these_o power_n reside_v equal_o in_o they_o tota_n in_o toto_fw-la 3._o three_o that_o all_o or_o the_o far_o great_a part_n of_o the_o member_n of_o these_o great_a assembly_n come_v not_o thither_o by_o the_o choice_n or_o at_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o prince_n as_o he_o think_v fit_a to_o single_a they_o out_o by_o name_n as_o peer_n be_v make_v usual_o nor_o do_v they_o all_o come_v by_o election_n or_o office_n though_o there_o be_v some_o of_o both_o those_o sort_n viz._n the_o bishop_n and_o the_o burgess_n of_o the_o burrough_n but_o the_o far_o great_a part_n come_v by_o a_o certain_a right_o they_o have_v to_o meet_v in_o those_o assembly_n but_o what_o give_v they_o their_o right_n or_o qualification_n or_o capacity_n so_o to_o meet_v do_v not_o so_o clear_o appear_v to_o a_o hasty_a reader_n of_o our_o history_n and_o antiquity_n it_o be_v evident_a it_o be_v not_o any_o mere_a title_n of_o honour_n or_o dignity_n for_o ancient_o in_o england_n there_o be_v not_o any_o dignity_n but_o what_o be_v also_o accompany_v with_o office_n and_o cease_v with_o the_o office_n but_o it_o do_v proceed_v from_o their_o land_n and_o posession_n which_o as_o they_o give_v they_o honour_n so_o they_o give_v they_o power_n and_o authority_n in_o those_o ancient_a time_n and_o this_o they_o learn_v from_o the_o roman_n who_o example_n be_v follow_v herein_o by_o most_o of_o those_o nation_n that_o have_v fall_v under_o their_o conquest_n 4._o four_o these_o assembly_n be_v very_o great_a and_o numerous_a far_o exceed_v in_o number_n both_o house_n of_o parliament_n at_o this_o day_n be_v they_o both_o put_v together_o so_o that_o they_o can_v with_o any_o colour_n of_o reason_n be_v think_v a_o assembly_n of_o lord_n only_o as_o our_o novel_a writer_n will_v impose_v upon_o we_o for_o it_o be_v absurd_a to_o think_v that_o so_o great_a a_o number_n shall_v be_v all_o lord_n for_o then_o there_o will_v be_v none_o leave_v in_o the_o nation_n to_o bear_v the_o character_n of_o commons_o save_v only_o the_o plebs_fw-la or_o faeces_fw-la populi_n and_o the_o title_n or_o distinction_n of_o lord_n can_v subsist_v without_o a_o body_n of_o some_o inferior_n from_o who_o the_o lord_n may_v be_v distinguish_v tolle_o relatum_fw-la &_o tollis_fw-la correlatum_fw-la 5._o five_o though_o the_o freeholder_n of_o the_o several_a county_n do_v not_o then_o as_o now_o meet_v in_o those_o assembly_n by_o their_o representative_n due_o choose_v so_o that_o any_o assembly_n can_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o representative_a of_o all_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n which_o be_v much_o insist_v on_o by_o our_o new_a fort_n of_o author_n who_o will_v decry_v and_o depress_v the_o house_n of_o commons_o as_o be_v but_o of_o yesterday_o in_o comparison_n with_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n that_o be_v but_o from_o the_o nine_o and_o forty_o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o whereas_o the_o lord_n have_v be_v as_o they_o affirm_v from_o time_n immemorial_n and_o coaeval_a with_o the_o nation_n itself_o yet_o which_o be_v more_o in_o vindication_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o the_o freeholder_n general_o meet_v there_o themselves_o in_o the_o great_a assembly_n then_o use_v in_o their_o own_o proper_a person_n undistinguished_a by_o any_o such_o term_n of_o lord_n and_o commons_o and_o all_o be_v upon_o the_o same_o level_n a_o representative_a be_v but_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o deputy_n or_o delegate_n to_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o one_o that_o be_v absent_a such_o as_o in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n they_o call_v proxy_n who_o sometime_o have_v be_v such_o as_o be_v no_o member_n of_o that_o house_n and_o such_o as_o in_o the_o convocation_n of_o the_o clergy_n they_o call_v procuratores_fw-la cleri_fw-la but_o the_o great_a freeholder_n as_o be_v the_o principal_n right_o call_v may_v more_o proper_o and_o in_o a_o true_a genuine_a sense_n be_v style_v the_o national_a assembly_n those_o meet_v in_o their_o own_o proper_a personal_a capacity_n for_o the_o land-interest_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o true_a owner_n the_o freeholder_n be_v the_o only_a true_a stable_n permanent_a fix_a interest_n of_o the_o nation_n the_o farmer_n and_o copy-holders_n be_v at_o first_o and_o in_o ancient_a time_n look_v upon_o and_o account_v but_o as_o servant_n and_o dependent_n upon_o the_o freeholder_n and_o little_o regard_v by_o the_o common-law_n and_o for_o those_o that_o follow_v merchandise_n and_o trade_n though_o they_o ever_o send_v to_o these_o great_a assembly_n by_o election_n the_o manufacture_n of_o woollen_a cloth_n great_o flourish_v in_o the_o reign_v of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o and_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o which_o give_v occasion_n to_o those_o ancient_n guild_v or_o society_n that_o be_v settle_v in_o lincoln_n york_n oxford_n and_o other_o city_n and_o ancient_a burrough_n in_o england_n which_o trade_n be_v whole_o lose_v in_o the_o troublesome_a time_n of_o king_n john_n henry_n the_o three_o edward_z the_o first_o and_o edward_z the_o second_o and_o then_o our_o trade_n run_v in_o wool_n wooll-fel_n and_o leather_n carry_v out_o in_o specie_fw-la till_o recover_v again_o by_o the_o peaceable_a time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o as_o the_o most_o learned_a in_o the_o law_n the_o late_a chief_a justice_n hales_n do_v assert_v in_o his_o origination_n of_o mankind_n yet_o those_o ancient_a burrough_n be_v not_o then_o so_o numerous_a in_o those_o elder_a time_n nor_o be_v the_o trader_n then_o in_o so_o great_a esteem_n as_o have_v to_o do_v in_o movable_n only_o and_o a_o transient_a interest_n and_o as_o we_o use_v to_o say_v here_o to_o day_n and_o go_v to_o morrow_n and_o be_v therefore_o of_o a_o inferior_a account_n and_o make_v no_o great_a figure_n and_o it_o be_v then_o a_o legal_a disparagement_n for_o the_o guardian_n in_o chivalry_n to_o marry_v the_o ward_n be_v the_o heir_n of_o a_o freeholder_n that_o hold_v by_o knights_n service_n to_o the_o daughter_n of_o the_o burgess_n of_o a_o burrow_n 6._o six_o the_o last_o observation_n shall_v be_v this_o that_o the_o freeholders_n increase_a at_o last_n in_o their_o number_n by_o the_o sub-dividing_a of_o their_o posession_n and_o tenor_n and_o thereupon_o grow_v seditious_a and_o tumultuous_a and_o a_o unwieldly_a body_n and_o less_o valuable_a and_o venerable_a in_o their_o individual_n and_o particular_n mole_n ruebat_fw-la suâ_fw-la they_o come_v to_o be_v divide_v and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o at_o last_o discontinue_v their_o come_n to_o these_o assembly_n and_o so_o they_o break_v in_o two_o and_o fall_v into_o two_o house_n and_o their_o power_n become_v part_v between_o they_o and_o one_o part_n assume_v or_o have_v assign_v to_o they_o some_o of_o the_o power_n and_o the_o other_o part_n what_o be_v leave_v cúm_fw-la quercus_fw-la decidit_fw-la unusquÃsque_fw-la ligna_fw-la colligit_fw-la yet_o there_o be_v reason_n to_o think_v that_o it_o be_v thus_o distribute_v and_o determine_v by_o agreement_n in_o a_o national_a assembly_n these_o observation_n and_o conclusion_n i_o have_v think_v fit_a and_o proper_a to_o propose_v before_o i_o peruse_v the_o precedent_n and_o cite_v my_o author_n that_o the_o reader_n may_v take_v notice_n by_o the_o
way_n upon_o the_o open_n of_o they_o how_o proper_o true_o and_o natural_o these_o observation_n result_v and_o be_v make_v out_o some_o by_o one_o precedent_n and_o author_n and_o some_o by_o another_o which_o otherwise_o by_o a_o hasty_a read_v might_n possible_o escape_v the_o be_v observe_v it_o will_v not_o be_v altogether_o impertinent_a by_o the_o way_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o temper_n and_o usage_n among_o the_o ancient_a briton_n before_o the_o come_n of_o the_o roman_n testify_v by_o our_o most_o credible_a author_n which_o seem_v to_o have_v a_o countenance_n this_o way_n viz._n of_o translate_n all_o public_a affair_n by_o the_o body_n of_o the_o freeholder_n and_o that_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o this_o humour_n of_o the_o nation_n be_v as_o we_o use_v to_o say_v breed_v in_o the_o bone_n although_o they_o seldom_o or_o never_o have_v any_o national_a assembly_n as_o before_o have_v be_v observe_v unless_o upon_o some_o great_a and_o extraordinary_a sudden_a occasion_n like_o that_o of_o choose_v cassibilan_n for_o their_o general_n upon_o the_o invasion_n by_o the_o roman_n or_o the_o like_a which_o be_v but_o temporary_a tacitus_n the_o roman_a annalist_n say_v of_o the_o ancient_a briton_n de_fw-fr minoribus_fw-la rebus_fw-la principes_fw-la consultant_fw-la de_fw-fr majoribus_fw-la omnes_fw-la ita_fw-la tamèn_fw-fr ut_fw-mi ed_z quóque_fw-la quorum_fw-la penes_fw-la plebem_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la est_fw-la apud_fw-la principes_fw-la praetractentur_fw-la note_v principes_fw-la here_o signify_v not_o prince_n or_o monarch_n but_o the_o great_a or_o chief_a man_n as_o will_v appear_v by_o what_o follow_v the_o plebs_fw-la or_o common_a sort_n be_v not_o exclude_v whenever_o they_o do_v consult_v or_o transact_v any_o public_a affair_n ziphilinus_n out_o of_o dio_n cassius_n speak_v of_o the_o briton_n apud_fw-la hos_fw-la say_v he_o populus_fw-la magnâ_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la principatum_fw-la tenet_fw-la this_o be_v not_o mean_v of_o the_o power_n of_o government_n as_o if_o they_o be_v a_o republic_n or_o have_v any_o thing_n of_o a_o democracy_n for_o caesar_n in_o his_o commentary_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o old_a and_o primitive_a government_n among_o the_o briton_n as_o to_z the_o title_n and_o outward_a form_n of_o the_o administration_n be_v monarchial_a and_o regal_a olim_fw-la regibus_fw-la parebant_fw-la say_v he_o but_o it_o must_v therefore_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o people_n have_v this_o principatum_fw-la in_o subordination_n to_o the_o king_n it_o be_v not_o engross_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o aristocracy_n and_o what_o can_v principatus_fw-la else_o consist_v of_o unless_o in_o legislature_n and_o judicature_n our_o late_a innovator_n will_v have_v we_o believe_v that_o populus_fw-la do_v sometime_o signify_v only_o the_o lay-lord_n meet_v in_o these_o ancient_a great_a assembly_n in_o distinction_n only_o from_o the_o clergy_n as_o when_o our_o annal_n or_o record_n mention_v clerus_fw-la &_o populus_fw-la as_o they_o often_o do_v it_o be_v not_o say_v they_o to_o be_v understand_v as_o if_o the_o common_a people_n meet_v but_o only_o those_o of_o the_o high_a rank_n the_o lord_n or_o nobility_n therefore_o i_o have_v cite_v tacitus_n who_o speak_v of_o the_o plebs_fw-la or_o plebeian_n who_o use_v to_o meet_v to_o consult_v of_o the_o great_a matter_n de_fw-fr majoribus_fw-la omnes_fw-la consultant_fw-la as_o before_o be_v observe_v omnes_fw-la comprehend_v the_o plebeian_n and_o exclude_v none_o but_o under_o their_o favour_n populus_fw-la do_v most_o usual_o signify_v all_o but_o the_o high_a rank_n and_o be_v exclusive_a to_o they_o only_o though_o sometime_o by_o way_n of_o distinction_n from_o the_o prince_n or_o clergy_n thus_o in_o that_o old_a lofty_a title_n of_o the_o roman_a republic_n senatus_n populùsque_fw-la romanus_n where_o the_o word_n populus_fw-la be_v exclusive_a of_o the_o senate_n and_o distinct_a from_o it_o thus_o learned_a vinius_n the_o civilian_n in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o the_o imperial_a law_n page_n 12._o ses_fw-fr plebs_fw-la à _fw-la populo_fw-la dissert_v nam_fw-la appellatione_fw-la populi_n universi_fw-la cives_fw-la significantur_fw-la connumeratis_fw-la etiam_fw-la patriciis_fw-la &_o senatoribus_fw-la plebis_fw-la autem_fw-la appellatione_fw-la sine_fw-la patriciis_fw-la &_o senatoribus_fw-la caeteri_fw-la cives_fw-la significantur_fw-la but_o in_o no_o author_n till_o among_o these_o new_a writer_n of_o we_o do_v populus_fw-la signify_v the_o lord_n or_o patrician_n exclusive_a to_o the_o middle_n or_o common_a sort_n as_o they_o will_v have_v it_o to_o come_v to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_n who_o next_o succeed_v the_o roman_n even_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o heptarchy_n we_o have_v one_o instance_n or_o precedent_n in_o the_o time_n of_o ina_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n which_o be_v the_o most_o powerful_a of_o all_o the_o seven_o and_o at_o last_o swallow_v up_o all_o the_o rest_n lambert_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr priscis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la legibus_fw-la fol._n 1_o mo_z begin_n with_o king_n ina_n anno_fw-la 712._o say_n he_o make_v his_o law_n suasu_fw-la &_o instituto_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la suorum_fw-la omnium_fw-la senatorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la et_fw-la natu_fw-la majorum_fw-la sapientum_fw-la populi_n svi_fw-la in_fw-la magna_fw-la servorum_fw-la dei_fw-la frequentia_fw-la brampton_n the_o historian_n as_o mr._n selden_n cite_v he_o render_v it_o multáque_fw-la congregatione_fw-la servorum_fw-la dei_fw-la and_o lambert_n again_o fol._n 62._o say_v king_n edgar_z anno_fw-la 959._o who_o be_v one_o of_o the_o english_a monarch_n after_o the_o time_n of_o the_o heptarchy_n give_v his_o title_n to_o his_o law_n thus_o viz._n leges_fw-la quas_fw-la rex_fw-la edgarus_n frequenti_fw-la senatu_fw-la sancivit_fw-la and_o afterward_o fol._n 148._o in_o a_o remembrance_n and_o recital_n of_o some_o of_o king_n ina_n law_n it_o be_v say_v hoc_fw-la factum_fw-la fuit_fw-la per_fw-la commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la &_o assensum_fw-la omnium_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la principum_fw-la procerum_fw-la comitum_fw-la no_o word_n of_o baronum_n for_o they_o be_v not_o in_o be_v till_o afterward_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o norman_n but_o the_o title_n of_o king_n ina_n law_n go_v on_o and_o say_v further_a et_fw-la omnium_fw-la sapientum_fw-la seniorium_fw-la &_o populorum_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la that_o be_v in_o english_a the_o common-council_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n be_v make_v up_o of_o all_o these_o and_o but_o one_o body_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n etheluph_n king_n of_o westsex_n there_o be_v a_o great_a assembly_n or_o parliament_n say_v mr._n selden_n hold_v at_o winchester_n anno_fw-la 855._o now_o above_o 800_o year_n since_o where_o be_v present_v the_o archbishop_n but_o one_o bishop_n and_o ducum_fw-la comitum_fw-la procerúmque_fw-la totius_fw-la terrae_fw-la aliorúmque_fw-la fidelium_fw-la infinita_fw-la multitudo_fw-la for_o which_o he_o cite_v ingulphus_n this_o be_v at_o that_o time_n the_o supreme_a judicature_n and_o the_o last_o resort_v there_o be_v a_o proceed_v in_o a_o civil_a cause_n before_o their_o supreme_a court_n or_o witena-gemot_a under_o king_n eldred_n son_n to_o king_n edgar_n who_o begin_v his_o reign_n say_v dr._n heylin_n anno_fw-la 978._o one_o leoffius_n have_v buy_v land_n of_o adelwold_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n and_o deny_v to_o pay_v for_o it_o and_o he_o have_v also_o dis-seised_a the_o bishop_n of_o certain_a other_o land_n edicitur_fw-la placitum_fw-la apud_fw-la londoniam_fw-la where_o the_o deuce_n principes_fw-la satrapae_fw-la ex_fw-la omni_fw-la parte_fw-la confluerant_fw-la which_o word_n satrapae_fw-la extend_v to_o the_o middle_a sort_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v by_o and_o by_o the_o bishop_n corà m_fw-la cunctis_fw-la svam_fw-la causam_fw-la patefecit_fw-la he_o open_v and_o plead_v his_o own_o cause_n before_o they_o all_o quâ_fw-la rè_fw-la benè_fw-la &_o ritè_fw-la ac_fw-la apertè_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la discussa_fw-la not_o command_v the_o party_n and_o auditor_n to_o withdraw_v while_o it_o be_v debate_v by_o the_o court_n omnes_fw-la reddiderunt_fw-la judicium_fw-la on_o the_o bishop_n side_n this_o case_n be_v also_o mention_v by_o mr._n selden_n in_o his_o title_n of_o honour_n page_n 633._o one_o case_n more_o that_o i_o shall_v trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o of_o the_o saxon_a time_n shall_v be_v that_o of_o earl_n godwin_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n seld._n ib._n 634._o there_o the_o king_n himself_o in_o his_o own_o person_n do_v sue_v a_o appeal_n of_o murder_n against_o earl_n godwin_n for_o the_o death_n of_o alfred_n the_o witena-gemote_a sit_v at_o london_n and_o the_o cause_n be_v hear_v before_o omnes_fw-la regni_fw-la magnates_fw-la where_o the_o word_n magnates_n comprehend_v also_o person_n of_o the_o middle_a sort_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o the_o high_a rank_n as_o i_o shall_v clear_o prove_v but_o the_o matter_n be_v compound_v and_o twelve_o earl_n buy_v it_o off_o with_o as_o much_o money_n as_o each_o of_o they_o can_v carry_v to_o the_o king_n in_o their_o arms._n note_n this_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o a_o saint_n king_n too_o viz._n st._n edward_n i_o come_v now_o to_o the_o time_n
rescripto_fw-la ad_fw-la comitia_fw-la parliamentaria_fw-la evocaverit_fw-la here_o we_o have_v plain_o the_o original_a of_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n and_o of_o particular_a and_o special_a rescript_n or_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o the_o optimacy_n distinct_o and_o by_o themselves_o cambden_n quote_v his_o author_n for_o this_o but_o name_v he_o not_o exit_fw-la satis_fw-la antiquo_fw-la scriptore_fw-la loquor_fw-la say_v he_o it_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o king_n to_o single_a out_o and_o select_v some_o to_o who_o he_o think_v fit_a to_o direct_v his_o special_a writ_n or_o summons_n and_o these_o and_o no_o other_o be_v to_o come_v to_o parliament_n if_o this_o may_v be_v credit_v than_o we_o have_v the_o epoch_n and_o the_o date_n of_o our_o present_a constitution_n and_o the_o original_a of_o the_o division_n of_o that_o very_a ancient_a great_a and_o numerous_a assembly_n and_o it_o make_v a_o mighty_a metamorphosis_n and_o change_n the_o freeholder_n part_v with_o that_o great_a power_n and_o interest_n which_o they_o have_v both_o in_o legislature_n and_o judicature_n from_o the_o very_a foundation_n of_o the_o government_n and_o the_o nation_n itself_o even_o from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o ab-origines_a if_o there_o be_v ever_o any_o such_o and_o they_o have_v be_v upon_o the_o losing-hand_n ever_o since_o as_o appear_v by_o what_o i_o have_v already_o observe_v in_o close_v their_o right_n of_o election_n and_o thus_o they_o break_v in_o two_o and_o become_v two_o house_n both_o at_o one_o time_n and_o be_v twin_n in_o their_o birth_n here_o be_v no_o primogeniture_n yet_o the_o one_o go_v away_o with_o a_o double_a portion_n upon_o the_o part_n and_o this_o take_v in_o the_o history_n be_v a_o confutation_n of_o that_o opinion_n that_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o as_o be_v by_o election_n be_v in_o time_n long_o after_o the_o date_n of_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n sure_o they_o start_v both_o together_o great_a selden_n agree_v in_o the_o substance_n with_o mr._n cambden_n but_o differ_v from_o he_o only_o in_o the_o time_n and_o some_o other_o circumstance_n when_o this_o revolution_n happen_v and_o for_o mr._n cambden_n satis_fw-la antiquus_fw-la author_n mr._n selden_n profess_v he_o diligent_o seek_v for_o this_o author_n but_o can_v never_o meet_v with_o he_o nor_o do_v mr._n selden_n give_v any_o credit_n to_o that_o author_n he_o suppose_v the_o distinction_n of_o majores_fw-la and_o minores_fw-la barones_n which_o doubtless_o do_v arise_v upon_o this_o revolution_n pag._n 708._o begin_v not_o long_o before_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o king_n john_n father_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o and_o that_o charter_n be_v make_v in_o the_o seventeen_o and_o last_o year_n of_o king_n john_n this_o division_n of_o barones_n which_o all_o writer_n agree_v in_o and_o which_o appear_v by_o king_n john_n great_a charter_n evident_o show_v that_o the_o two_o house_n begin_v at_o the_o same_o time_n for_o majores_fw-la can_v be_v without_o the_o minores_fw-la but_o mr._n selden_n suppose_v this_o be_v do_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n though_o that_o act_n be_v not_o now_o extant_a nor_o be_v there_o any_o express_a memorial_n of_o it_o and_o he_o suppose_v it_o be_v not_o submit_v to_o the_o king_n to_o choose_v out_o who_o he_o think_v fit_a but_o that_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n do_v mention_v they_o by_o name_n at_o first_o to_o who_o particular_a writ_n be_v to_o be_v direct_v some_o part_n of_o the_o very_a word_n of_o that_o charter_n of_o king_n john_n we_o have_v in_o mr._n selden_n title_n of_o honour_n pag._n 709._o and_o in_o sir_n hen._n spelman_n in_o his_o glossary_n pag._n 83._o faciemus_fw-la say_v that_o great_a charter_n summoneri_fw-la archiepiscopos_fw-la episcopos_fw-la abbates_n comites_fw-la &_o majores_fw-la barones_n regni_fw-la sigillatim_fw-la per_fw-la literas_fw-la nostras_fw-la et_fw-la praetereà _fw-la faciemus_fw-la submoneri_fw-la in_o generali_fw-la per_fw-la vicecomites_a omnes_fw-la alios_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la tenent_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la which_o be_v a_o clear_a proof_n that_o till_o about_o this_o time_n there_o be_v no_o distinction_n and_o that_o which_o do_v constitute_v a_o parliamentary_a baron_n be_v his_o tenure_n de_fw-fr rege_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la so_o that_o all_o who_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la have_v a_o inherent_a right_n to_o sit_v there_o and_o that_o before_o this_o time_n all_o come_v by_o a_o general_a summons_n direct_v to_o the_o sheriff_n what_o have_v be_v hitherto_o say_v serve_v to_o prove_v that_o before_o this_o time_n of_o king_n john_n or_o king_n henry_n the_o 3_o d_o his_o son_n there_o be_v only_o one_o great_a assembly_n of_o the_o nation_n that_o be_v of_o the_o most_o eminent_a and_o all_o the_o considerable_a and_o interest_v person_n of_o the_o nation_n who_o come_v not_o by_o election_n save_o those_o that_o be_v choose_v from_o the_o few_o and_o ancient_a burrough_n nor_o be_v there_o then_o any_o representative_a as_o now_o and_o that_o those_o great_a assembly_n be_v in_o those_o time_n the_o true_a baronage_n of_o england_n and_o that_o the_o word_n baronage_n do_v not_o belong_v only_o to_o such_o as_o the_o king_n by_o special_a writ_n be_v please_v to_o call_v or_o summon_v or_o by_o patent_n to_o confer_v the_o title_n upon_o but_o as_o our_o most_o judicious_a writer_n tell_v we_o the_o word_n baronagium_n do_v extend_v to_o all_o degree_n and_o order_n for_o they_o come_v to_o all_o great_a assembly_n by_o tenure_n till_o the_o aforesaid_a time_n of_o division_n and_o there_o be_v the_o footstep_n of_o this_o ancient_n right_o still_o among_o we_o in_o that_o the_o freeholder_n who_o we_o call_v free-suitor_n be_v still_o the_o judge_n of_o that_o court_n which_o ancient_o be_v the_o great_a and_o buisy_a court_n the_o county_n court._n and_o those_o election_n that_o be_v still_o remain_v of_o trustee_n or_o representative_n in_o parliament_n and_o of_o divers_a legal_a officer_n which_o must_v be_v by_o freeholder_n only_o and_o the_o person_n to_o be_v choose_v aught_o to_o be_v out_o of_o the_o freeholder_n themselves_o and_o so_o much_o of_o the_o ancient_a constitution_n of_o a_o baron_n still_o remain_v as_o that_o in_o his_o creation_n he_o must_v be_v entitle_v of_o some_o place_n that_o it_o may_v favour_v of_o the_o realty_n and_o make_v the_o honour_n and_o title_n inheritable_a and_o the_o baron_n still_o continue_v his_o freedom_n from_o arrest_n as_o have_v by_o presumption_n of_o law_n a_o estate_n in_o land_n which_o will_v make_v he_o liable_a to_o justice_n and_o therefore_o a_o distringas_fw-la shall_v issue_v out_o against_o he_o instead_o of_o a_o capias_fw-la and_o the_o law_n will_v allow_v of_o no_o averment_n against_o a_o peer_n that_o he_o have_v no_o land_n whereby_o to_o distrain_v or_o to_o levy_v issue_n upon_o no_o doubt_n but_o the_o lord_n have_v from_o the_o time_n of_o this_o great_a division_n ever_o since_o a_o very_a large_a though_o not_o a_o universal_a jurisdiction_n nor_o have_v they_o have_v it_o from_o the_o very_a first_o constitution_n of_o the_o government_n as_o be_v by_o some_o pretend_a when_o this_o great_a assembly_n this_o great_a and_o numerous_a body_n be_v divide_v into_o part_n no_o doubt_n but_o the_o several_a part_n do_v as_o the_o four_o great_a captain_n after_o the_o death_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a do_v assume_v and_o take_v to_o themselves_o by_o agreement_n several_a share_n of_o the_o power_n that_o be_v then_o dissolve_v the_o lord_n take_v a_o large_a share_n and_o the_o commons_o for_o so_o now_o they_o begin_v to_o be_v distinguish_v take_v the_o rest_n and_o we_o may_v reasonable_o suppose_v it_o be_v confirm_v by_o some_o law_n that_o then_o pass_v and_o have_v be_v since_o lose_v and_o the_o like_a presumption_n we_o know_v be_v make_v by_o our_o court_n of_o law_n in_o many_o like_a case_n and_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o the_o parliament_n roll_n of_o that_o time_n be_v all_o lose_v and_o the_o best_a rule_n whereby_o to_o judge_v what_o be_v allot_v to_o each_o will_v be_v by_o ancient_a constant_a quiet_a and_o uninterrupted_a usage_n and_o practice_n usus_fw-la &_o consuetudo_fw-la est_fw-la lex_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la the_o house_n of_o lord_n do_v exercise_v a_o jurisdiction_n in_o case_n of_o appeal_n for_o criminal_a cause_n till_o by_o the_o act_n of_o 1_o mo_z of_o henry_n the_o 4_o the_o c._n 14._o they_o be_v restrain_v that_o act_n do_v ordain_v that_o from_o thenceforth_o no_o appeal_n shall_v be_v pursue_v in_o parliament_n the_o exposition_n of_o which_o statute_n must_v be_v make_v by_o observe_v the_o mischief_n that_o occasion_v the_o make_n of_o that_o law_n and_o the_o constant_a practice_n after_o it_o the_o preamble_n recite_v that_o many_o mischief_n do_v often_o arise_v by_o appeal_n and_o the_o history_n of_o the_o time_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o 2_o d._n the_o next_o precede_v
king_n tell_v we_o what_o those_o mischief_n be_v when_o in_o that_o disorderly_a troublesome_a reign_n the_o lord_n be_v so_o divide_v into_o feud_n and_o faction_n that_o the_o lord_n who_o be_v to_o be_v the_o judge_n become_v party_n and_o be_v appellant_n one_o against_o another_o this_o be_v the_o mischief_n then_o for_o the_o practice_n after_o the_o make_n of_o that_o act_n that_o law_n be_v never_o intend_v according_a to_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o word_n to_o exclude_v all_o appeal_n whatsoever_o but_o such_o only_a as_o be_v at_o the_o suit_n of_o private_a person_n for_o the_o constant_a practice_n have_v be_v ever_o since_o as_o well_o as_o before_o to_o admit_v of_o appeal_n in_o parliament_n when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o lord_n by_o impeachment_n from_o the_o commons_o the_o lord_n have_v and_o still_o retain_v the_o jurisdiction_n over_o their_o own_o member_n for_o trial_n of_o peer_n in_o case_n capital_a the_o lord_n have_v and_o still_o have_v the_o jurisdiction_n in_o writ_n of_o error_n to_o examine_v judgement_n give_v in_o the_o king's-bench_n but_o this_o be_v under_o certain_a rule_n and_o with_o some_o restraint_n for_o constant_a and_o quiet_a usage_n and_o practice_n do_v warrant_v all_o these_o let_v we_o inquire_v into_o the_o placita_fw-la parliamentaria_fw-la i_o mean_v those_o that_o be_v publish_v by_o mr._n ryley_n of_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o king_n edward_z the_o second_o etc._n etc._n and_o observe_v what_o light_n they_o give_v we_o the_o true_a title_n of_o those_o plea_n be_v placita_fw-la coram_fw-la ipso_fw-la domino_fw-la rege_fw-la &_o ejus_fw-la concilio_n ad_fw-la parliamenta_fw-la sua_fw-la in_o which_o title_n regis_fw-la concilium_fw-la &_o parliamentum_fw-la seem_v to_o be_v distinguish_v and_o to_o signify_v two_o several_a thing_n as_o in_o truth_n they_o do_v when_o and_o how_o come_v these_o plea_n to_o be_v discontinue_v ever_o since_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o 4_o the_o when_o do_v the_o law_n pass_v that_o restrain_v they_o we_o have_v not_o one_o such_o plea_n to_o any_o effect_n between_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o and_o the_o time_n of_o king_n james_n the_o first_o nor_o from_o thence_o to_o this_o day_n near_o 300_o year_n what_o be_v come_v in_o the_o place_n of_o they_o the_o placita_fw-la parliamentaria_fw-la be_v in_o a_o strict_a and_o regular_a form_n of_o plead_n the_o petition_n of_o declaration_n the_o plea_n the_o replication_n the_o rejoinder_n and_o the_o continuance_v enter_v upon_o record_n in_o latin_a and_o the_o process_n be_v by_o latin_a writ_n and_o all_o the_o proceed_n enter_v upon_o record_n in_o latin_a as_o proceed_n at_o the_o common-law_n ought_v to_o be_v how_o come_v this_o to_o be_v alter_v all_o of_o late_a time_n at_o least_o before_o the_o lord_n be_v in_o english_a and_o the_o process_n be_v english_a order_n only_o have_v these_o placita_fw-la be_v before_o the_o lord_n how_o happen_v it_o that_o there_o be_v so_o few_o if_o any_o report_v among_o they_o of_o plead_n upon_o writ_n of_o error_n which_o the_o lord_n claim_v as_o out_o of_o all_o dispute_n to_o be_v within_o their_o jurisdiction_n hardly_o any_o of_o these_o be_v to_o be_v find_v among_o they_o and_o these_o have_v be_v worthy_a report_v be_v in_o matter_n difficult_a weighty_a and_o full_a of_o learning_n what_o be_v this_o regis_fw-la concilium_fw-la so_o constant_o mention_v in_o these_o plea_n as_o those_o before_o who_o they_o be_v hold_v ☞_o among_o these_o record_n and_o plea_n we_o find_v all_o the_o peer_n themselves_o in_o a_o body_n several_a time_n petition_v to_o the_o king_n and_o this_o council_n and_o receive_v order_n and_o rule_n from_o that_o council_n it_o be_v absurd_a to_o think_v that_o all_o the_o lord_n in_o a_o body_n will_v petition_v to_o themselves_o as_o at_o the_o parliament_n hold_v 14_o the_o of_o edward_n the_o ryley_n placita_fw-la parliamentaria_fw-la pag._n 425._o exit_fw-la parte_fw-la praelatorum_fw-la comitum_fw-la baronum_fw-la &_o aliorum_fw-la porrecta_fw-la est_fw-la petitio_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la parliamento_fw-la in_fw-la haec_fw-la verba_fw-la at_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr senior_fw-la le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr &_o a_o son_n counceil_fw-fr monstrent_fw-la les_fw-fr erce-evesque_a praelat_n count_n &_o baron_n &_o les_fw-fr auter_n grantz_n signor_n dela_n terre_fw-fr concern_v payment_n of_o escuage_z and_o the_o answer_n to_o this_o petition_n be_v per_fw-la concilium_fw-la regis_fw-la the_o like_a ib._n pag._n 448._o we_o have_v another_o example_n of_o it_o in_o the_o appendix_n to_o that_o book_n viz._n of_o the_o time_n of_o 18_o edward_n the_o second_o pag._n 619._o wherein_o the_o lord_n in_o a_o body_n pray_v liberty_n to_o approve_v or_o improve_v their_o manor_n without_o the_o king_n licence_n and_o the_o answer_n to_o it_o be_v that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v do_v without_o a_o new_a law_n to_o which_o the_o commons_o will_v not_o consent_v it_o be_v evident_a in_o those_o record_n and_o plea_n that_o other_o be_v mention_v to_o be_v of_o that_o council_n than_o the_o peer_n as_o pag._n 266_o and_o 331._o there_o be_v a_o inhibition_n by_o the_o treasurer_n and_o the_o concilium_fw-la regis_fw-la not_o to_o deliver_v a_o prisoner_n and_o page_n 386._o 14_o the_o edward_n 2._o the_o king_n appoint_v who_o shall_v receive_v petition_n at_o the_o parliament_n and_o who_o shall_v answer_v they_o and_o those_o that_o be_v appoint_v to_o answer_v they_o be_v call_v trier_n of_o petition_n these_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o person_n that_o make_v the_o great_a council_n or_o the_o king_n council_n as_o they_o be_v call_v in_o those_o record_n these_o in_o parliament_n of_o late_a have_v be_v whole_o discontinue_v we_o find_v this_o council_n while_o they_o be_v in_o be_v sit_v in_o place_n where_o we_o can_v reasonable_o suppose_v that_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n ever_o sit_v as_o pag._n 87._o in_o mr._n ryley_n placita_fw-la parliamentaria_fw-la corà m_fw-la rege_fw-la &_o concilio_n apud_fw-la lond._n in_fw-la domo_fw-la ottonis_fw-la de_fw-la grandissono_fw-it extra_fw-la palatium_fw-la ipsius_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la apud_fw-la westmonasterium_fw-la and_o pag._n 98._o at_o bergavenny_n and_o pag._n 108._o at_o stilben_v extra_fw-la london_n which_o i_o suppose_v be_v mean_v of_o stepney_n and_o the_o judge_n be_v mention_v as_o member_n of_o this_o council_n pag._n 140._o not_o mere_a assistant_n now_o we_o come_v to_o writ_n of_o error_n wherein_o it_o be_v general_o admit_v that_o the_o lord_n have_v a_o jurisdiction_n and_o from_o thence_o as_o i_o suppose_v it_o be_v infer_v by_o a_o parity_n of_o reason_n that_o they_o likewise_o have_v a_o jurisdiction_n in_o appeal_n from_o court_n of_o equity_n a_o appeal_n from_o a_o decree_n in_o equity_n be_v something_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n at_o the_o common-law_n it_o be_v true_a our_o law-book_n be_v full_a of_o this_o title_n and_o speak_v of_o error_n sue_v in_o parliament_n but_o under_o favour_n it_o be_v not_o of_o a_o universal_a jurisdiction_n in_o all_o case_n of_o erroneous_a judgement_n but_o with_o divers_a restriction_n and_o under_o certain_a rule_n in_o our_o law-book_n it_o have_v be_v often_o resolve_v that_o the_o lord_n can_v proceed_v upon_o any_o writ_n of_o error_n till_o first_o the_o king_n have_v sign_v a_o petition_n for_o the_o allowance_n of_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n to_o be_v sue_v out_o as_o in_o the_o year-book_n of_o 22_o edward_n the_o 3_o d._n fol._n 3._o it_o be_v there_o hold_v that_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n in_o parliament_n lie_v not_o till_o the_o king_n be_v petition_v for_o it_o and_o till_o the_o king_n have_v sign_v the_o petition_n which_o sign_v be_v indeed_o the_o commission_n which_o give_v the_o authority_n and_o in_o the_o case_n of_o edward_n hadelow_n case_n where_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o king_n upon_o the_o king_n sign_v a_o petition_n for_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o the_o writ_n sue_v out_o the_o roll_n in_o which_o the_o judgement_n be_v enter_v be_v bring_v by_o sir_n william_n thorp_n chief-justice_n of_o the_o king's-bench_n into_o the_o parliament_n upon_o which_o the_o king_n assign_v certain_a earl_n and_o baron_n and_o with_o they_o the_o justice_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v the_o business_n and_o before_o it_o be_v determine_v the_o parliament_n be_v end_v yet_o the_o commissioner_n sit_v still_o but_o the_o king_n be_v go_v and_o it_o be_v urge_v before_o the_o delegate_n for_o so_o they_o be_v call_v that_o the_o judgement_n can_v not_o be_v reverse_v except_o in_o parliament_n and_o there_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o king_n have_v no_o peer_n in_o his_o land_n and_o that_o they_o can_v judge_v the_o king_n how_o come_v that_o in_o to_o debate_n why_o it_o be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o outlawry_n which_o be_v always_o for_o the_o king_n benefit_n and_o
collection_n make_v of_o custom_n and_o order_n of_o the_o lord_n house_n and_o of_o their_o privilege_n make_v out_o of_o record_n and_o he_o present_v that_o collection_n to_o the_o house_n and_o desire_v it_o may_v be_v preserve_v as_o a_o memorial_n whereunto_o man_n may_v resort_v as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v and_o make_v use_n of_o it_o it_o be_v thereupon_o order_v by_o the_o house_n to_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o clerk_n to_o be_v keep_v for_o that_o purpose_n so_o that_o this_o be_v intend_v by_o the_o whole_a house_n of_o lord_n to_o be_v a_o standard_n whereby_o to_o measure_v and_o judge_v of_o their_o jurisdiction_n and_o privilege_n for_o the_o future_a i_o find_v the_o title_n of_o that_o committee_n fol._n 91._o to_o be_v a_o committee_n for_o search_v for_o precedent_n for_o judicature_n accusation_n and_o judgement_n ancient_o use_v in_o this_o high-court_n of_o parliament_n this_o show_n it_o must_v be_v a_o ancient_a usage_n or_o nothing_o therefore_o late_a and_o modern_a usage_n and_o precedent_n be_v in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o no_o great_a weight_n to_o entitle_v they_o to_o a_o jurisdiction_n moreover_o fol._n 105._o of_o that_o journal_n there_o be_v a_o order_n make_v 27._o mar._n 1621._o for_o collection_n of_o money_n among_o the_o peer_n to_o pay_v the_o charge_n for_o search_v for_o record_n in_o the_o tower_n and_o elsewhere_o and_o to_o have_v copy_n of_o they_o certify_v under_o the_o officer_n hand_n every_o earl_n and_o viscount_n be_v to_o pay_v forty_o shilling_n and_o every_o bishop_n and_o baron_n twenty_o shilling_n i_o have_v peruse_v that_o book_n entitle_v a_o collection_n of_o privilege_n or_o special_a right_n belong_v to_o the_o baronage_n of_o england_n what_o be_v mean_v by_o that_o title_n appear_v by_o the_o table_n to_o the_o book_n which_o consist_v of_o these_o head_n follow_v viz._n 1_o sy_n judgement_n of_o offence_n capital_a fol._n 11._o b._n 1_o sy_n judgement_n of_o offence_n not_o capital_a fol._n 25._o 1_o sy_n judgement_n upon_o writ_n of_o error_n in_o parliament_n fol._n 88_o another_o head_n be_v the_o lord_n appoint_v judge_n out_o of_o themselves_o for_o examination_n of_o judgement_n in_o other_o court_n fol._n 95._o i_o think_v this_o last_o head_n or_o title_n may_v afford_v something_o to_o our_o purpose_n relate_v to_o appeal_n under_o this_o head_n there_o be_v nothing_o mention_v but_o concern_v erroneous_a judgement_n give_v in_o the_o court_n of_o king's-bench_n at_o westminster_n or_o upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o elizabeth_n cap._n 8._o of_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o exchequer-chamber_n by_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common-plea_n and_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n upon_o error_n to_o examine_v judgement_n give_v in_o the_o king's-bench_n from_o whence_o error_n lie_v also_o before_o the_o lord_n by_o the_o express_a word_n of_o that_o statute_n which_o no_o doubt_n be_v therefore_o a_o very_a legal_a power_n and_o jurisdiction_n in_o the_o lord_n be_v exercise_v in_o the_o method_n direct_v by_o law_n as_o before_o be_v observe_v the_o book_n of_o this_o collection_n express_o take_v notice_n that_o no_o writ_n of_o error_n lie_v in_o parliament_n upon_o a_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n till_o that_o judgement_n have_v be_v reverse_v or_o affirm_v in_o the_o king's-bench_n as_o it_o be_v answer_v in_o parliament_n in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o norwich_n rot._n parl._n 50._o e._n 3._o articl_n 48._o the_o like_a resolution_n do_v the_o lord_n give_v after_o hear_v all_o the_o judge_n and_o long_a consultation_n and_o a_o refer_v the_o consideration_n of_o that_o matter_n to_o a_o numerous_a committee_n of_o the_o lord_n in_o a_o case_n of_o the_o late_a earl_n of_o macclesfeld_n wherein_o that_o earl_n be_v plaintiff_n in_o the_o exchequer_n in_o a_o action_n of_o slander_n and_o judgement_n there_o in_o that_o court_n give_v against_o he_o whereupon_o the_o say_a earl_n since_o this_o last_o revolution_n sue_v error_n before_o the_o lord_n pass_v by_o the_o method_n direct_v by_o the_o stat._n of_o 31._o e._n 3._o cap._n 12._o for_o sue_v error_n upon_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o exchequer_n and_o the_o lord_n be_v upon_o the_o very_a point_n of_o reverse_v that_o judgement_n in_o the_o exchequer_n but_o be_v by_o one_o of_o the_o say_a judge_n then_o also_o sit_v on_o the_o upper_a wooll-sack_n put_v in_o mind_n of_o that_o stat._n of_o e._n 3._o they_o do_v forbear_v to_o proceed_v to_o do_v any_o more_o upon_o it_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o order_n limit_v by_o that_o statute_n this_o prove_v that_o the_o lord_n be_v tie_v to_o a_o method_n too_o in_o case_n where_o they_o have_v a_o rightful_a jurisdiction_n they_o must_v not_o take_v it_o ad_fw-la primam_fw-la instantiam_fw-la nor_o per_fw-la saltum_fw-la in_o that_o collection_n i_o have_v mention_v under_o that_o lemma_n of_o examination_n of_o judgement_n in_o other_o court_n which_o be_v comprehensive_a enough_o i_o find_v notice_n take_v of_o hadelow_n case_n 22._o e._n 3._o fol._n 3._o and_o flourdew_n case_n 1_o h._n 7._o fol._n 20._o which_o i_o cite_v before_o at_o large_a and_o these_o concern_v only_a case_n of_o erroneous_a judgement_n in_o the_o king's-bench_n under_o the_o title_n of_o offence_n not_o capital_a there_o be_v mention_n of_o no_o case_n but_o upon_o accusation_n for_o criminal_a cause_n it_o begin_v with_o latimer_n accusation_n of_o john_n at_o lee_n for_o offence_n against_o the_o state_n it_o mention_n the_o case_n of_o richard_n lion_n for_o procure_v of_o patent_n for_o private_a advantage_n and_o of_o the_o new_a imposition_n without_o parliament_n it_o instance_n in_o the_o case_n of_o william_n lord_n latimer_n accuse_v by_o the_o commons_o and_o the_o case_n of_o alice_n pierce_n and_o the_o case_n in_o 7_o richard_n the_o 2_o d_o num_fw-la 11._o of_o michael_n de-la-pool_n chancellor_n of_o england_n accuse_v by_o john_n cavendish_n of_o london_n fishmonger_n for_o bribery_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o northumberland_n case_n 5_o h._n 4._o num_fw-la 26._o and_o thorpe_n case_n but_o they_o be_v all_o in_o criminal_a cause_n while_o this_o committee_n be_v in_o be_v i_o meet_v with_o a_o appeal_n make_v to_o the_o lord_n from_o a_o decree_n make_v in_o chancery_n and_o as_o i_o take_v it_o it_o be_v a_o decree_n make_v by_o the_o lord_n bacon_n though_o he_o be_v not_o name_v by_o his_o name_n it_o be_v fol._n 181._o in_o the_o journal_n of_o the_o parliament_n 18._o jac._n 1621._o the_o three_o of_o december_n in_o that_o parliament_n sir_n john_n bourchier_n by_o petition_n appeal_n to_o the_o lord_n from_o a_o decree_n in_o chancery_n wherein_o he_o himself_o be_v plaintiff_n against_o john_n mompessom_n and_o other_o and_o there_o be_v cross_a suit_n and_o they_o be_v about_o account_n between_o they_o and_o sir_n john_n bourchier_n have_v a_o sum_n of_o money_n decree_v to_o he_o but_o not_o for_o so_o much_o as_o he_o think_v be_v due_a and_o therefore_o he_o appeal_v and_o complain_v in_o his_o petition_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o hasty_a hear_v of_o his_o cause_n in_o chancery_n and_o that_o his_o witness_n be_v not_o hear_v and_o use_v the_o very_a formal_a word_n of_o appeal_n in_o his_o petition_n fol._n 188.6_o december_n it_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o lord_n committee_n for_o privilege_n to_o consider_v whether_o it_o be_v a_o formal_a appeal_n or_o not_o i_o must_v confess_v it_o do_v not_o clear_o appear_v to_o i_o what_o the_o true_a meaning_n or_o ground_n of_o that_o order_n be_v for_o as_o i_o now_o say_v the_o petition_n do_v express_o use_v the_o word_n appeal_n the_o 10_o the_o of_o december_n fol._n 196._o the_o lord_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n report_a that_o divers_a lord_n sub-committee_n appoint_v to_o search_v for_o precedent_n ☞_o can_v find_v that_o the_o word_n appeal_n be_v usual_a in_o any_o petition_n for_o any_o matter_n bring_v before_o they_o this_o deserve_v to_o be_v note_v so_o that_o it_o seem_v the_o lord_n committee_n understand_v the_o meaning_n of_o their_o order_n to_o be_v to_o search_v for_o precedent_n if_o there_o have_v be_v any_o where_o the_o lord_n have_v use_v in_o former_a time_n to_o admit_v of_o and_o to_o receive_v appeal_n before_o they_o against_o decree_n make_v in_o chancery_n or_o in_o any_o court_n of_o equity_n the_o archbishop_n further_o report_v that_o they_o can_v not_o find_v so_o much_o as_o the_o word_n appeal_n use_v in_o any_o petition_n note_n and_o that_o it_o must_v have_v be_v by_o way_n of_o petition_n if_o any_o way_n this_o show_v the_o novelty_n of_o it_o for_o he_o likewise_o report_v that_o all_o matter_n complain_v of_o before_o the_o lord_n must_v be_v by_o 〈◊〉_d petition_n and_o in_o no_o other_o form_n and_o that_o the_o ancient_a accustom_a form_n of_o
cite_v a_o case_n there_o mich._n 43._o elliz._n in_o the_o chancery_n between_o the_o countess_n of_o southampton_n and_o the_o lord_n of_o worcester_n resolve_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n that_o when_o a_o decree_n be_v make_v in_o chancery_n the_o queen_n upon_o a_o petition_n may_v refer_v it_o to_o the_o judge_n but_o not_o to_o any_o other_o and_o so_o say_v that_o case_n the_o practice_n and_o proceed_n have_v be_v which_o make_v a_o law_n in_o case_n of_o equity_n and_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n agree_v to_o it_o the_o lord_n egerton_n and_o according_o upon_o petition_n to_o the_o queen_n and_o a_o reference_n by_o the_o queen_n to_o the_o judge_n that_o decree_n be_v reverse_v the_o like_a we_o may_v read_v in_o andersons_n second_o report_n fol._n 163._o the_o earl_n of_o worcester_n and_o sir_n finche_n case_n the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o countess_n of_o southampton_n and_o bulstrode_n three_o part_n fol._n 118._o see_v serjeant_n rolles_n abridgement_n the_o first_o part_n fol._n 382._o ruswell_n and_o every_n case_n 15_o jac._n 1._o and_o arden_n and_o darcy_n case_n 8_o jac._n 1.27_o h._n 8._o fol._n 15._o but_o as_o to_o the_o remedy_n against_o a_o erroneous_a decree_n in_o chancery_n i_o have_v already_o give_v my_o advice_n at_o large_a in_o that_o former_a treatise_n of_o my_o beforementioned_a to_o which_o i_o refer_v my_o reader_n it_o be_v high_a time_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v settle_v in_o some_o constant_a course_n the_o noble_a author_n suppose_v as_o i_o say_v before_o to_o be_v the_o late_a lord_n hollis_n in_o his_o book_n beforemention_v have_v assert_v a_o very_a large_a jurisdiction_n to_o belong_v to_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n which_o in_o the_o consequence_n if_o it_o be_v observe_v and_o put_v in_o practice_n will_v be_v of_o mighty_a concernment_n to_o the_o subject_n nor_o have_v it_o be_v answer_v or_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o any_o as_o far_o as_o i_o have_v hear_v that_o author_n ascribe_v to_o the_o lord_n a_o power_n to_o try_v and_o determine_v a_o matter_n of_o fact_n in_o issue_n although_o the_o right_a of_o a_o freehold_n depend_v upon_o it_o and_o this_o by_o proof_n without_o a_o jury_n pag._n 66._o and_o this_o he_o ground_n upon_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o case_n of_o william_n paynel_n the_o record_n whereof_o be_v in_o ryley_n placita_fw-la parliamentaria_fw-la fol._n 231._o what_o then_o become_v of_o that_o great_a privilege_n of_o the_o people_n of_o england_n of_o be_v try_v by_o the_o country_n and_o by_o their_o neighbour_n and_o inferior_a court_n of_o equity_n will_v be_v very_o apt_a to_o tread_v in_o their_o step_n and_o do_v the_o like_a and_o it_o deserve_v to_o be_v inquire_v into_o if_o it_o be_v not_o already_o frequent_o so_o do_v the_o lord_n will_v not_o be_v likely_a to_o reform_v it_o upon_o appeal_n from_o these_o court_n of_o equity_n if_o that_o shall_v be_v assign_v for_o error_n if_o they_o themselves_o shall_v practise_v it_o as_o this_o author_n say_v they_o may_v nor_o do_v that_o precedent_n of_o william_n paynell_n any_o way_n countenance_n that_o practice_n for_o there_o the_o concilium_fw-la regis_fw-la give_v judgement_n upon_o matter_n of_o fact_n confess_v where_o there_o need_v no_o trial_n at_o all_o the_o same_o noble_a author_n affirm_v that_o the_o lord_n may_v entertain_v or_o dismiss_v cause_n as_o their_o occasion_n will_v give_v they_o leave_v or_o as_o they_o have_v leisure_n from_o the_o great_a affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n so_o that_o sometime_o they_o can_v be_v at_o leisure_n to_o do_v justice_n if_o this_o opinion_n be_v allow_v cessa_fw-la regnare_fw-la say_v the_o petitioner_n to_o king_n philip_n of_o macedon_n when_o that_o king_n refuse_v to_o answer_v her_o petition_n for_o want_v of_o leisure_n the_o lord_n can_v say_v the_o same_o author_n grant_v a_o temporary_a dismission_n to_o a_o defendant_n by_o a_o entry_n make_v of_o eat_v inde_fw-la sine_fw-la die_fw-la ad_fw-la praesens_fw-la but_o may_v summon_v he_o again_o for_o the_o same_o cause_n at_o another_o time_n when_o they_o think_v fit_a if_o this_o be_v true_a a_o man_n shall_v never_o know_v when_o his_o cause_n be_v at_o a_o end_n nay_o the_o chancery_n will_v give_v further_a cost_n after_o the_o party_n and_o cause_n be_v out_o of_o the_o court_n and_o long_o after_o the_o whole_a matter_n be_v at_o end_n without_o any_o new_a process_n the_o person_n of_o who_o this_o high_a judicature_n do_v consist_v have_v need_n be_v man_n of_o great_a learning_n in_o the_o law_n and_o of_o long_a experience_n for_o the_o matter_n that_o shall_v come_v before_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v too_o difficult_a for_o the_o inferior_a court_n to_o determine_v and_o be_v very_o abstruse_a and_o yet_o those_o inferior_a court_n be_v general_o furnish_v with_o such_o as_o be_v of_o great_a ability_n and_o long_a experience_n and_o usual_o spend_v thirty_o or_o forty_o year_n in_o hard_a study_n to_o make_v they_o fit_a for_o the_o discharge_n of_o their_o office_n be_v learned_a you_o that_o be_v judge_n of_o the_o earth_n say_v almighty_a god_n that_o judge_n of_o judge_n hence_o governor_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v call_v senator_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_n they_o be_v call_v eolderman_n or_o elderman_n for_o their_o age_n gravity_n and_o experience_n it_o will_v indeed_o be_v a_o miracle_n in_o nature_n if_o any_o one_o can_v true_o affirm_v of_o himself_o i_o jam_fw-la jam_fw-la à _fw-la pvero_fw-la illicò_fw-la nasci_fw-la senem_fw-la or_o nasci_fw-la judicem_fw-la to_o be_v able_a to_o judge_v in_o those_o abstruse_a and_o difficult_a cause_n st._n paul_n be_v accuse_v before_o faelix_fw-la do_v and_o that_o without_o insinuate_a flattery_n tell_v his_o judge_n that_o he_o do_v the_o more_o cheerful_o answer_v for_o himself_o because_o faelix_fw-la have_v be_v as_o st._n paul_n acknowledge_v of_o many_o year_n a_o judge_n unto_o that_o nation_n and_o he_o say_v the_o like_a when_o he_o stand_v 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ought_v to_o be_v one_o certain_a know_v rule_n of_o law_n whereby_o one_o and_o the_o same_o case_n be_v to_o be_v determine_v and_o not_o two_o or_o more_o contradictory_n law_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o place_n it_o be_v a_o woeful_a condition_n when_o at_o the_o same_o time_n some_o be_v burn_v in_o smithfield_n for_o be_v protestant_n and_o other_o for_o be_v papist_n which_o make_v one_o cry_n out_o bone_fw-la deus_fw-la quomodo_fw-la hic_fw-la vivunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n inferior_a court_n and_o the_o superior_a must_v judge_v by_o the_o same_o law_n and_o rule_n for_o miserable_fw-la est_fw-la servitus_fw-la ubi_fw-la jus_o est_fw-la vagum_fw-la and_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o serve_v two_o contrary_a master_n and_o it_o be_v a_o sad_a case_n where_o the_o trumpet_n of_o the_o law_n give_v a_o uncertain_a sound_n for_o then_o a_o man_n know_v not_o how_o to_o order_v his_o affair_n there_o may_v indeed_o be_v a_o different_a method_n and_o course_n of_o proceed_n in_o the_o several_a court_n and_o yet_o all_o conform_v to_o the_o same_o law_n and_o it_o be_v sometime_o say_v by_o our_o judge_n that_o what_o be_v law_n in_o the_o exchequer_n be_v law_n also_o in_o the_o king's-bench_n and_o common-plea_n if_o it_o be_v otherwise_o great_a confusion_n will_v arise_v and_o this_o law_n be_v not_o know_v by_o inspiration_n it_o be_v not_o infuse_v all_o at_o once_o but_o acquire_v by_o long_a study_n and_o long_a experience_n sir_n francis_n bacon_n in_o his_o advancement_n of_o learning_n pag._n 445._o hold_v it_o just_a that_o judge_n shall_v allege_v the_o reason_n of_o their_o sentence_n and_o that_o open_o in_o the_o audience_n of_o all_o the_o court._n and_o ancient_o among_o we_o in_o england_n the_o court_v use_v to_o enter_v the_o reason_n give_v by_o the_o judge_n upon_o the_o record_n of_o the_o judgement_n which_o be_v now_o supply_v in_o some_o measure_n by_o report_n of_o case_n adjudge_v and_o of_o the_o argument_n at_o bar_n and_o at_o bench._n but_o we_o have_v few_o or_o no_o report_n of_o case_n adjudge_v in_o the_o supreme_a court_n since_o those_o that_o be_v print_v by_o mr._n ryley_n in_o that_o ancient_a cause_n of_o adelwold_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n in_o the_o saxon_a time_n under_o king_n eldred_n the_o record_n mention_n that_o the_o bishop_n himself_o coram_fw-la cunctis_fw-la svam_fw-la causam_fw-la patefecit_fw-la he_o plead_v his_o cause_n himself_o qua_fw-la rebenè_fw-la &_o ritè_fw-la ac_fw-la apertè_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la discussa_fw-la it_o be_v open_o debate_v omnes_fw-la reddiderunt_fw-la judicium_fw-la this_o be_v at_o the_o miccel-gemot_a there_o be_v no_o withdraw_n and_o eadmerus_n give_v we_o the_o like_a instance_n in_o the_o cause_n of_o lanfrank_a archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n william_n the_o first_o it_o be_v in_o his_o historiae_fw-la novorum_fw-la pag._n 9_o adunatis_fw-la say_v he_o primoribus_fw-la &_o probis_fw-la viris_fw-la de_fw-la comitatibus_fw-la quaerelae_fw-la lanfranci_n in_fw-la medium_fw-la ducerentur_fw-la examinarentur_fw-la &_o determinarentur_fw-la in_o medium_n that_o be_v before_z or_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o all_o that_o vast_a company_n to_o conclude_v and_o in_o order_n to_o the_o obtain_v a_o safe_a and_o speedy_a remedy_n let_v our_o law_n maker_n be_v mindful_a of_o that_o old_a advice_n and_o caution_n viz._n serò_fw-la medecina_fw-la paratur_fw-la cum_fw-la mala_fw-la per_fw-la long_o as_o invaluêre_fw-la moras_fw-la finis_fw-la hadelow_n case_n note_n note_n an._n dom._n 1624._o note_n