11 12 17 18 26. and Ch. XIV 22 26. And this second Tythe seems every third year to be distributed to the poor Or rather a third Tythe every third year not carried to Jerusalem and eaten there But gathered for these charitable uses onely and to be eaten any where throughout the Land Deut. XIV 28 29. and XXVI 12 13. And this third year is therefore called the year of Tything Deut. XXVI 12. Amos IV. 4. Of Tythes see more 2 Chron. XXXI 4 19. Nehem. X. 32 39. and XII 44 47. and XIII 5 12 13. Mal. III. 8 10. Luke XI 42. and XVIII 12. Heb. VII 2 9. The great maintenance of the Levites appears in that the whole Tribe of Levi being three or four times lesse in number then any other Tribe yet had they distinguished from all the Priests the Tythes of all the Tribes and so more then any one other Tribe Besides their thirty five Cities and Suburbs whereof five were Cities of Refuge Josh. XXI one belonging to the Kohathites Levites two to the Gershonites and two to the Merarites In all twice at least more Cities then some other Tribes had that were twice their number See also that Num. XXXI 30 47. The greater maintenance of the Priests appears in that being but three persons at first at least of ripe and mature age yet they had the Tythes yearly of all the Levites Tythes which were at first 8580 of thirty years old and upwards and so about the hundred part of all the fruits and increase of all Israel And as the numbers of the Priests multiplied afterwards so did in all probability the number of the other Tribes They had also all the First-fruits of all things from all persons throughout the twelve Tribes even of their doughs and bakings Deut. XVIII 4. Num. XV. 20 21. which as some think exceeded their Tythes aforesaid They had also all the First-borne of Oxen Sheep and Goats which were given to them in kinde And the Redemption money of the First-borne of Men and of unclean Beasts and cattell Num. III. 46 52. Exod. XXXIV 19. 20 and Ch. XXII 29 30. Deut. XV. 19. They had also all Oblations both Voluntary and by Vow And the Redemption of Things and of Persons Devoted to God And all Sacrifices for Sinnes and for Trespasses and the Meat and Drink Offerings and Heave-offerings And the Breast and Shoulder in Peace-offerings Deut. XVIII 3. And the Skins of the whole Burnt-offerings And all their Tythes First-fruits and Oblations were to be of the best and choisest sorts Num. XVIII 12 29. Besides these they had thirteen Cities and Suburbs and Priviledges belonging to them whereof one was a City of Refuge Josh XXI 13. See Num. XVIII 8 19. And that also Num. XXXI 28 29 37 38 39 40 50. Levit. X. 12 13 14 15. and Ch. XXVII 21 28. See the Annotations on Num. XVIII 29. Rock At Rephidim by Mount Sinai chapter XX verse 8. 13. Exod. XVII 1 7. being the eleventh Station of the Israelites Num. XXXIII 14. Moses with his miraculous Rod struck the Rock in Horeb in a due obedience to Gods commandment and waters came forth And he named the place Massah and Meribah Exod. XVII 5 6 7. But at Kadesh in the Wildernesse of Zin where Miriam died being the thirty third Station Num. XXXIII 36. Moses with Aarons miraculous Rod for he took it from before the Lord as he commanded him having his spirit provoked by the rebellious people smiles the Rock twice without any such command or commission to smite at all And he and Aaron likewise speak unadvisedly with their lips uttering words of passion and incredulity and so rebelling against Gods commandment And thereupon they not sanctifying the Lord in the eyes of the children of Israel He was sanctified in them by his excluding them from entrance into the Land of Canaan And this also is called the water of Meribah or Strife as here so Ch. XXVII 14. Psal. CVI. 32 33. Aaron Aaron chapter XX verse 28 whose name may seem to signifie an Ark or Chest dies seven moneths and seven dayes before Moses at Mount Hor the Place called Mosera Deut. X 6. in the thirty fourth Station For Aaron dying in the fourtieth year fifth moneth first day Num. XXXIII 38. And that compared with the moneths mourning for Moses Deut. XXXIV 8. and three dayes preparation to passe over Jordan Josh. I. 1. and Ch. III. 2. And their coming out of Jordan on the first moneth tenth day Josh. IV. 19. Do shew that Moses died in the twelfth moneth seventh day And so seven moneths and seven dayes after Aaron In which short interval of time many and mighty things were done and atchieved as among other things Sihon and Og and their Kingdomes conquered the Midianites almost destroyed among whom Balaam was slaine Josh. XIII 22. and the book of Deuteronomie written Num. XXI and XXXI Deut. I. 1 3. Fiery Serpents onely in the later part of the fourtieth year chapter XXI verse 6 after Aarons death Heshbon Heshbon a chief City in Moab verse 26 afterwards of Sihon King of the Amorites Deut. I. 4. afterwards of Gad and out of that Tribe given to the Merarites Josh. XIII 26. and XXI 38 39 40. 1 Chron. VI. 80 81. Afterwards recovered by the Moabites and wasted by Shalmanesar Esay XV. 4. and XVI 8 9. and after by the Babylonians Jer. XLVIII 45. There may seeme to be another Heshbon of the Ammonites Jer. XLIX 2 3. And one in the Tribe of Reuben Num. XXXII 37. Josh. XIII 15 17. Heshbon signifies Devises And an allusion is made to the name Jer. XLVIII 2. in the judgement there denounced against it like to this is English There is mischief devised against the Devises the name of a town with us Balak Balak needed not to have hired Balaam chapter XXII verse 2 and feared Israel Num. XXII and XXIII and XXIV if he had known the prohibition of God to Israel Deut. II. 9. which they obeyed Judg. II. 15 17 18 25. 2 Chron. XX. 10. Yet that part which was great of the Lands of Moab which Sihon had lately conquered from Vehab King of Moab as Tremelius translates Num. XXI 26. the Israelites conquering Sihon in that right possessed it Num. XXXIII 49. Deut. I. 5. and XXXIV 1 5 6 8. and it was given to the Reubenites and Gadites Josh. XIII Unicorne So Deut. chapter XXIII verse 22 XXXIII 17. Job XXXIX 9 10. Psal. XXII 21. and XXIX 6. and XCII 10. Esay XXXIV 7. Yet the translation of the word is doubted of or at least the nature of the beast such as the Pensil of our Painters doth portray out unto us because no such beast was known or seen by any man And the Unicornes horne so deemed is of some strange Fish not of any known Beast Some learned render the word Bufale or Buff or else the wild Oxe called by the Latines Urus eminent for bignesse strength hornes and untamable fiercenesse
unclean might eate of common meats as the child-bed-woman Levit. XII But in no case of Sacred meats as Leviticus VII 20. Fat the Fat of other cleane Beasts then of such as were fit for Sacrifice verse 25 was allowed to be eaten Levit. VII 25. The Fat also of the flesh or body of the beast sacrificed might lawfully be eaten Neh. VIII 10. Esay XXV 6. and LV. 2. But the Fat or Suet that was about the flanck and the kidneys or about and upon the entrails Levit. III. 3 4. was reserved out of all Sacrifices as Gods portion to be burnt upon his Altar Levit. III. 15 16. and IV. 8 10. and XVII 6. Deut. XXXII 38. 1 Sam. II. 15 16. And is forbidden therefore to be eaten by any Levit. III. 17. and XVII 23 25. Take Aaron On the same day chapter VIII verse 2 36. that is the first day of the first moneth of the second year Moses began to consecrate and anoint the Tabernacle Altar and all things belonging to them As also Aaron and his sonnes Exod. XL. 1 17. Levit. VIII 1 36. Anointed Aaron and all his sons were at first anointed verse 12 v. 30. Num. III. 3. XXXV 25. Psal. CXXXIII 2. Not the Levites And the High-Priest onely was anointed afterwards Exod. XXIX 29 30. Levit. XVI 32. We read oft of the Anointing of Kings 1 Sam. X. 1. XVI 13. 2 Sam. 11. 4. 1 Kings I. 39. 2 Kings IX 6. XXIII 30. Psal. LXXXIX 20. But never of Prophets That of Elisaeus 1 Kings XIX 16. seemes not to have beene done with material oile see ver 19. As neither that of Hazael to be King of Syria compare 1 Kings XIX 15. with 2 Kings VIII 13. nor that of Absolon 2 Sam. XIX 10. nor that of Cyrus Esay XLV 1. there being no such custome of oiling Kings in his Countrey But anointing in those places is taken simply without that Ceremony for designing them to their Offices Burned Moses at the Consecration of Aaron verse 1 and his sons Sacrificed with Common Fire See ver 20. 21 28. But upon Aarons first Sacrificing fire came out from before the Lord out of the Sanctuary or came down from heaven rather Levit. IX 24. which must never after be suffered to go out Nadab and Abihu Nadab and Abihu took Strange or Common Fire chapter X verse 16 and not fire from the Altar of Burnt-Offering which was sent from heaven to burne Incense therewith before the Lord on the Altar of Incense as the dayly duty required at or before the dayly morning Sacrifice But fire from the Lord as Num. XVI 35. that is from heaven or the Sanctuary or from the Altar of burnt-Offering like lightning strook them with sudden death not consuming their bodies or their coats Levit. X. 4 5. Some Names of some Beasts chapter XI and Birds and Fishes as also of some Trees and Apparel and some other Hebrew words having no mate in Scripture are to us now and so to the modern Jewes of uncertain signification See also the Annotations on Esay III. 18 23. and on Jer. XVII 3. Hoof The Beasts verse 3 dividing the hoof that is into two clawes and also chewing the cud were clean and to be eaten See ver 26. Deut. XIV 6. Fins Fish here we meet with a phrase of a flesh of fish verse 9 Levit. XI 11. and Num. XI 22. as well as 1 Cor. XV. 39. that had Fins and Scales were likewise cleane and to be eaten Deut. XIV 9 10. Come not The High-Priest must enter into the most Holy place but once in the year chapter XVI verse 2 on the tenth day of the seventh moneth Levit. XVI 29 34. Exod. XXX 10. Heb. IX 7. That is for his Priestly Ministration and Expiation And then he was to be cloathed not with the glorious garments which were peculiar to the High-Priest but with those which were Common to him with the inferiour Priests Levit. XVI 4. as being a day of Humiliation and Afflicting the soul Levit. XVI 29. Yet upon other necessary occasions he might enter in at other times as at the taking down and setting up of the Tabernacle in their removals and journeys in the Wildernesse And when they took thence the Arke upon severall occasions as Josh. VI. 4. 1. Sam. IV. 3. Not to the doore No Sacrifices must be offered chapter XVII verse 3 9. but by Priests nor killed by any but the Priests except in some extraordinary Cases by the Levites but never by the Bringer for whom it was offered Nor was it to be offered at any other place but upon the Altar of Burnt-Offering at the Tabernacle Levit. XVII 3 9. Yet upon Extraordinary and necessary Occasions God commands Deut. XXVII 5 6 7 8. And holy men of Prophetical spirits though not Priests did Sacrifice and for a present time and use did make and use other Altars as Samuel 1 Sam. VII 9 17. and Ch. XI 15. and Ch. XVI 2 5. And David 2 Sam. VI. 13. and XXIV 18 25. And Solomon 1 King VIII 64. And Elijah 1 King XVIII 32. And Gideon and Manoah See Judg. II. 5. and VI. 26. and XIII 16 19. and XXI 4. Blood Blood to make an atonement for their souls Levit. XVII chapter II 11. As a Type of the Messias his Blood Rom. 3. 25. Ephes. I. 7. Col. I. 14 20. Heb. IX 12 22. which is the principal cause of the prohibition of the eating of Blood Defiled The dignity and estimation of the Priest chapter XXI verse 11 and principaly of the High-Priest See v. 4 7 8 9 15. and v. 21 23. is remarkable Burnt The Capitall punishments among the Jewes verse 9 were Burning Gen. XXXVIII 24. Levit. XXI 9. Josh. VII 15. Stoning Levit. XX. 2 27. and 24. 14 16 23. Hanging Num. XXV 4. Deut. XXI 22. And in after-times by example of the Romanes Crucifying and Beheading as in our Saviour and John Baptist. Superfluous In a Freewill-Offering chapter XXII verse 23 the Sacrifice which had something Superfluous or lacking in his parts was accepted To the Feasts chapter XXIII Levit. XXIII are added the Feasts of the New-Moones Num. XXVIII 11 15. 1 Chron. 23. 31. 2 Chron. II. 4. and Ch. VIII 13. The Feast of Purim Esth. IX 17 19 22 26 28. And of that Dedication John X. 22. Sabbath Sabbath is called Sabbath of Rest or Rest of Rest and so verse 3 v. 32. And Sabbath sometimes signifies besides the seventh day weekly other Feast-dayes also as Levit. XXIII 11 24 32 39. And sometimes the whole week as Levit. XXIII 15. Luke XVIII 12. John XX. 1. Of the Sabbath-day see the Annotations on Jer. XVII 21 22 24 27. The seventh moneth The seventh moneth had as many Feasts in it verse 24 as all the year almost beside Levit. XXIII Deut. XVI And the only set Fast-day Of blowing of Trumpets The Feast of blowing Trumpets was the first day of the seventh moneth Beside the Feast of the New-Moone Levit. XXIII v. 24. And
Abel and the rooâ— of that holy progeny wherein the Church was afterward established V. 26. Enos Sorrowful Psal. 9. 20. that the Nations may know themselves to be but Enos i. e. woful men 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Then began men to call the Worship of God grew more publick and solemne and in a sort restored and revived again in the persons and families of Seth and Enos having bin almost buried in the paucity and privacy of the godly before this time a separation now being made by them from the profane society of the wicked such as were generaly the posterity of Cain CHAP. V. Ver. 3. IN his own likenesse after his image such as he was now sinful not as he was created Holy Yet still God was the Father of spirits the God and Creator of the spirits of all flesh Heb. 12. 9. Numb 16. 22. V. 4. And he begat sonnes and daughters after Seth yet not excluding some to be begotten before Seth as Cain and others And the same is likely to be understood of the rest of the ten Patriarches in this chapter before the flood That they begat sons and daughters as well before as after the birth of those Patriarchs by whom the line of the Genealogy and Chronology is drawn For it is scarce probable that in this first Age of the world before the flood wherein mankinde had most need of multiiplication the Patriarchs should be so old as the half of them above 100. yea Jared 162 Lamecb 182. Methusalah 187. Noah 500. before they had any children though indeed Noah for his part had no more then three when the flood came 1 Pet. 3. 20. But so old they were before that sonne was borne who was the Progenitor of our Saviour and in whose race the main progresse and succession of the true Church did consist V. 5. All the dayes Adam was living in Lamechs dayes V. 21. Enoch walked with God the seventh of Adam followed not the wickednesse of his age But pleased God prophesied saying Behold the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his Sants to execute judgement upon all and to convince all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him Jude ver 14 15. And Henoch was not died not as others but was translated by faith God took him body and soule as after he did Elias that he should not see death and he was not found Heb. 11. 5. after he had lived on earth so many yeares as there are dayes in our yeare Thus was he a pledge and pawne of the Resurrection and life eternal and celestial and prophesied of the last and general judgement Adam and Methusalah and five Patriarchs between them were living witnesses of his Translation V. 27. All the dayes of Methusalah the longest liver and died the last of the nine Patriarchs in the beginning of the yeare of the flood V. 29. Noah Thus Lamech his father prophesied of him at his birth presaging comfort and rest by him in the midst of all miseries in those evil and uncomfortable times V. 32. And Noah begat i. e. began to beget So chap. 11. 26. and chap. 7 10. Japheth the eldest Sem the second Chaâ—â— youngest Of the LXX-Chronology in this Chapter They extend the age of Methusalah beyond the flood contrary to Scripture and adde almost 1600. yeares to the true Chronology in this and the eleventh chapters Haply out of some considerations touching the Heathens for whom that Greek Translation was made But the LXX now is no where extant but patched infinitely CHAP. VI. Ver. 1. WHen men began to multiply very greatly and specially Cains wicked progeny and wickednesse with them and daughters the occasion both of the corruption and calamity set forth in the ensuing story V. 2. That the sonnes of God Professors of the true Worship of God Deut. 14. 1. 2 Cor. 6. 18. 1 John 3. 1. Which here grew remisse in Religion Daughters of men of the profane race of Cain that had little of God or his image in them in their mindes or manners but were meer men 1 Cor. 3. 3. natural men unregenerate and out of the Church and such these their daughters were Faire without respect to spiritual beauty not minding at all what they were for Religion and manners Thus beauty intangleth the fond and fleshly affection Wives Loved liked and chosen only for Beauties sake Gods Law after forbade such marriages with those out of the Church Deut. 7. 3 4. Exod. 34. 16. 2 Cor. 6. 14. V. 3. My spirit In the Patriarchs and specially in Noah a Preacher of righteousnesse 1 Pet. 3. 19 20. 2 Pet. 2. 5. And by good motions and checks of conscience in the men of these times As Nehem. 9. 30. For that he also is flesh even my people also all mankinde v. 12. are fleshly not having the Spirit Jude v. 19 Rom. 8 8 9 Gal. 5. 16 17. 120 years granted for trial of their repentance the long suffering of God waiting whether in this space of time while the Ark was a preparing they would repent 1 Pet. 3. 20. by mortification of the flesh and vivificatiâ— of the Spirit or as St. Peter expresseth it be judged according to men in the flesh but live according to God in the Spirit ch 4. 6. agreeing with that of Paul 1 Cor. 5. 5. This was twenty yeares before the birth of Japheth V. 4. Giants Men of huge stature and strength beyond others in those dayes such as Og was of the race of giants and the Anakimâ— in Moses time Numb 13. 33. Amorites Amos 2 9 Deut. 3. 11. Goliath Isbbi-benob Saph Lahmi in Davids time 2 Sam. 21. 16 18. 1 Chron. 20. 5 6 8 Men who in the pride and confidence of their bodies greatnesse were apostates from God oppressors of men fierce and cruel And also after that After those unlawful mixtures and marriages v. 2. many of their seed became such Giants and after that destruction threatened v. 3. V. 5. Every imaginariâ—n This heightens the sinfulness of this age Mic. 7. 3. But Gen. 8. 21. More strongly proves the universal corruption of mans nature by the fall V. 15. 300 cubits The length is ten times the height and six times the breadth resembling for the fashion of it a mans coffin V. 16. In a cubit shalt finish it The Ark not the window Doore Wide to receive an Elephant closed up and pitched belike when all were in and that by God himself ch 7. 16. With lower second and third stories These stories considered with the quantity and kinde of the cubits a common cubit then being longer then our cubits now and the sacred cubit being double to the common cubit as appears by comparing 1 Kings 7. 15. with 2 Chron. 3. 15. not to speak of a Geometrical cubit six times as some alledge as great as a common cubit we may easily conceive the capacity
feast of the Passeover Exod. 12. 15 19. or forbear to keep that feast Numb 9. 13. or that eate fat Lev. 7. 25. or blood Lev 7. 27. 17. 10 14. or that eate of the flesh of the peace-offering on the third day Lev. 19. 8. or that eat of the flesh of sacrifice having their uncleannesse on them or being uncleane do not purifie themselves Numb 19. 13 20. or having touched any unclean thing Lev 7. 20 21. 22. 3. or that bring not their sacrifice to the door of the Tabernacle of the Congregation to be killed there and not elsewhere Lev 17. 4 9. or that shall not afflict his soule on the fast-day the tenth day of the seventh moneth Lev. 23. 29. or doth any work in that same day or that defileth the Sabbath to do any work therein Exod. 31. 14. or that lieth with a woman in her sicknesse Lev. 20. 18. or with a sister Lev. 20. 17. or an idolater Ezech. 4. 8. or that gives of his seed to Molech Lev. 20. 2 3 4 or that turneth after wizards and such as have familiar spirits â—ev 20. 6. or that doth ought presumptuously Numb 15. 30 31. All these are expressely threatened with and sentenced to this punishment And the meaning of the phrase is most usually taken to signifie a cutting off by death and it is so expressed Exod. 31. 14. Lev 17. 4 20. 2 3 4. 5. And must needs be so understood when it is used against grievous sins and crimes as against idolatry witchcraft incest and sins done presumptuously despising the Word of the Lord and reproaching him This penalty is to be inflicted by the Magistrates power no doubt And in case of his faile God himself threatens and undertakes to do it Lev. 17. 10 20. 2 3 4. 5 6. 23. 30. And for the lesser offences mentioned they being wittingly and wilfully done in Gods Worship and service and against his plaine and peremptory command I see not how they come short of sins of presumption Numb 15. 30. which are doomed to death in the judgement of the learned upon that place I conceive therefore that they fall short that by this penalty here will understand no more but that such an offender is to be cast off and held for no Jew but as an Heathen man And they also that would apply this phrase here and in other places of the Old Testament for the maintenance of Ecclesiastical Excommunication among the Jewes The doubtfulnesse of the meaning of the phrase hath made me the more inquisitive into it I confesse if not too tedious in it However I leave all to better judgements And for my part like not in things dubious to be too definitive V. 15. Sarah Yet in the New Testament it is written Sara without the h the Greek tongue having no h at the end of words V. 16. Nations 1 Pet. 3. 6. Jerusalem which is above her answerable type is the mother of us all Gal. 4. 26. V. 17. Laughed For joy and wonder Rom. 4. 17 18 19 20 21. as over-joyed and amazed at the promise which he believed Heb. 11. 12. rejoycing even at the promised seed Joh. 8. 56. an hundred yeares old Rom. 4. 19 20. he did hope against hope If Abraham married Keturah thirty seven years after this time and had six children by her then surely God shewed his power in renewing Abrahams vigour and strength of body as the Eagles Psal. 103. 5. or it may rather seem that Abraham took Keturah in Sarabs life-time within those thirty seven yeares between the birth of Isaac and her death seeing Keturah is called his Concubine 1 Chron. 1. 32. V. 18. Oh that Ishmael Ch. 16. 10. V. 19. Isaac Laughter Chap. 21. 6. V. 21. My Covenant Thirteen times named in this chapter Luke 1. 72 73 74. with Isaac Ch. 21. 12. Rom. 9. 7 8. Gal. 3. 29. at this set time Ch 18. 10. This was just a yeare before Isaacs birth V. 22. Went up Ascending vanished out of his sight so from Jacob ch 35. 13. so from Manoah and his wife Judg. 13. 20. V. 23. In the self-same day Of the command not eight dayes after V. 24. When he was circumcised By whom Abraham was circumcised is not set down But he is said to circumcise the rest v. 23. some say that now the Jewes use Chirurgions in this service CHAP. XVIII Verse 1. PLaines O. Oak-grove of Mamre Ch. 13. 18. 14. 13. 23. 19. V. 2. Three men So in his thought and in appearance But thus he entertained Angels at unawares Heb. 13. 2. But one of them is called Jehova 13 14 17 20 22. And after Abraham so acknowledgeth him v. 25 27. The other two were created Angels Ch 19. 1. V. 3. Lord Speakes to one of them in shew the chief V. 6. Three measures Jewes write that their measure which they call Seah the Greeks Saton containes as much as one hundred fourty foure Hens egges about two gallons and 1 2 of our measure three of these measures make an Ephah containing about seven gallons and 1 2 V. 8. And they did eate Ch. 19. 3. They had true bodies for the time and did truly eate Though a Spirit hath not flesh and bones Luke 24. 39. yet Spirits may and by Gods dispensation sometimes do assume humane bodies V. 9. Where is Sarah thy wife Thus they begin to manifest themselves to be more then men V. 10. He said Jehova v. 13. returne Not by apparition again but by performance of promise ch 21. 1. according to the time of life From this time according as the time of life is between conception and birth so many moneths as a woman goes with childe Rom. 9. 9. This Promise argued more then men V. 11. After the manner of women Rom 4. 19. Heb. 11. 11. V. 12. Laughed Not as Abraham ch 17. 17. but through weaknesse of saith and therefore it is reproved v. 13. yet commended Heb. 11. 11. after sure she did better recollect her self Luk. 1 45. after she laughed for joy ch 21. 6. within her self Not outwardly and openly which haply made her the more readily deny it V. 13. And the Lord said Jehova said Christ so v. 17. He knew her thoughts themselves fâ—ying shall I c She used if not the very same words yet to the same sense V. 15. Denied for she was afraid Weaknesses and failings in Saints V. 16. Toward Sodom As going thither the two Angels did so ch 19. 1. V. 17. Shall I hide Amos 3. 7. Joh. 15. 15. Abraham a Prophet ch 20 7. and a friend 2 Chron. 20. 7. V. 19. He will command Duty of Parents and Masters of families and example to them Gen. 28. 1. Deut 6. 7. 11. 10. 32. 46. Job 1. 5. Prov. 6. 20. V. 20. Sodom and Gomorrah Admah and Zeboim Deut. 29. 23. Hos. 11. 8. V. 21. I will go down and see God speaks after the manner of men as ch 11. 5 7. V. 22. And the men Two of the three
and 29 9. Exod. 2. 16. V. 17. Ran to meet her v. 13. but had removed a little aloof off to give way â—o Rebekah and to mark her V. 22. Took a golden ear-ring To give her as taking or receiving Psal. 68. 19. is expounded giving Eph. 4. 8. He puts the ear-ring upon her face v. 47. after he had asked whose daughter she was Shekel See Annotat. on ch 20. 16. and on ch 23. 15. Half a shekel is called Bekah Ex. 38. 26. V. 26. Worshipped v. 52. ch 22. 5. Exod. 4. 31. This is more then kneeling or bowing of the head This is a prostrating of the whole body a falling down upon the face to the ground Psal. 95. 6. Luke 5. 12. compared with Mat. 8. 2. V. 27. Brethren Kinsfolk v. 48. ch 13. 8. V. 28. Mothers house It seems the custome of those times and places was for the women to dwell in tents and houses apar by themselves v. 67. ch 31. 33. V. 32. And he ungirded i. e. Laban and water to wash Ch. 18. 4. 1 Tim. 5. 10. In those hot countreys men used to go barefoot or with sandals open above V. 33. I will not eate Eph. 6. 5 6 7 8. V. 47. Upon her face Some were worne in the eare some on the forehead which hanged down to the nose Ezech. 16. 12. Esay 3. 21. V. 48. Daughter Grandchilde V. 49. Kindly and truly Mercy and truth joyned ch 47. 29. Josh. 2. 14. Prov. 3. 3. Psal. 85. 10. V. 50. Then Laban and Bethuel The sonne set before the father as having the chief managing of all by reason of his fathers age v. 55. bad or good Nothing at all against it chap. 31. 24 29. V. 51. At the Lord hath spoken As we plainly see by the whole carriage of this businesse v. 15. 2 Sam. 16. 10. V. 57. At her mouth About this motion for her sudden departure V. 59. Her nurse Deborah ch 35. 8. Great is the tendernesse of the affections of nursing fathers and nursing mothers Numb 11. 12 13. 1 Thes. 2. 7. Esay 49 22. 2 Sam. 4. 4. V. 61. And followed the man Psal. 45. 10. V. 62. Lahai-roi Ch 16. 14. 12. 9. 25. 11. in the wildernesse of Beersheba ch 21. 14 33 34. â—e dwelt Not apart from his father but with him That Well was not far from Beersheba where Abraham dwelt ch 21. 14 33 34. V. 63. To meditate Or pray or both so the word signifieth Psal. 77 3 6. 12. 119. 15. V. 65. A Veile A signe of modesty and subjection 1 Cor. 11. 5 6 10. The custome was to bring the spouse veiled to her husband The face was covered sometimes for grief and mourning as in Davids mourning for Absalom Sometimes by others in token of wrath and judgement as when Hamans face was covered Sometimes in way of feare and reverence as Elias covered his face 1 Kings 19. 13. V. 67. Sarahs Tent Women it seems had their tents apart ch 31. 33. And Sarahs Tent and furniture it seems was reserved for Isaacs wife and took Rebekah By solemnity of marriage in the fourtieth yeare of his life ch 25. 20. loved her Eph. 5. 25 28. after his mothers death Three yeares before ch 17. 17. 23. 1. Dear and durable was his affection toward his mother CHAP. XXV Ver. 1. THen again Whether in Sarahs life-time cannot certainly be determined The sacred story mentions nothing of Keturab or her children till now after Sarahs death And the words here seem to give it to be after her death And Sarah in her life-time not enduring Hagar and Ishmael would hardly have endured another And Isaac when offered is called his only son And yet on the other side Keturab is called a Concubine implicitely v. 6. and expresly 1 Chron. 1. 32 And though a Coucubine be called a wife yet I finde not that a legitimate wife as she should be after Sarahs death or a second wife is called a Concubine And the words of Abrahams servant seeking a wife for Isaac ch 24. 36. compared with v. 5 6. of this chapter seem to reflect on Keturahs sonnes in Sarahs life-time And which is most of all if Abraham did not take her to wife till after Sarahs death then he must be one hundred thirty eight and likely one hundred and fourty yeares old when he married her and after that begat six sonnes of her whereas the Apostle saith that fourty yeares before that time his body was dead for begetting of children Rom. 4. 19. Gen. 17. 17. 18. 12. If then it were after Sarahs death it must be said that God did renew unto him that masculine strength and vigour of body after fourty yeares by an extraordinary blessing in a marvellous if not miraculous manner and that to make good his Promise of multiplying Abrahams seed ch 17. 5. in others also though principally in Isaac V. 2. Medan Ch. 37. 36. Midian Numb 25. 6 17. Shuah Job 2. 11. V. 3. Sheba Job 1. 15. V. 4. Midian Numb 31. 18. Judg 7. 25. 8. 5. children of Keturah And Grandchildren V. 5. To Isaac As being his only heire and childe of Promise ch 21. 12. a figure of Christ and Christians ch 24. 36. V. 6. Concubines Hagar and Keturah and sent them away from Isaac Because he was to be the heire of Canaaâ— Eastward Arabia Syria Job 1. 3. Job likely came of Keturah Judg. 6. 3. 7. 12. V 7. One hundred seventy five yeares Ch. 15. 15. Heber of whom he was called an Hebrew ch 14. 13. out-living him And Jacob and Esau were then fifteen yeares old v. 26. ch 21. 5. V. 8. Gathered unto his people V. 17. which implies the immortality of the soule and so the phrase of gathering to their fathers Judg. 2. 10. Heb. 12. 23. V. 9. Isaac and Ishmael Ishmael though never received again into Abrahams family yet dwelt not so far off but might heare of his fathers death and come to his burial V. 11. Blessed Isaac Entailed the blessing and Promises made to Abraham on him ch 17. 19. Lahai-roi See ch 24. 62. V. 12. Generations of Ishmael ch 16. 10 12. 17. 20. much exceeded Isaacs 1 Cor. 15. 46. Nebaioth He and his brethren seated in Arabia Esay 21. 13. 60 7. Ezech 27. 21. Jer. 49. 28. V. 15. Tema Job 2. 11. V. 16. Twelve Princes Ch. 17. 20. Like the twelve sonnes of Jacob. V. 18. Havilah Ch. 2. 8. an ample region in Arabia not that Havilah in India Shur Ch. 16. 7 Ex. 15. 22. died in the presence His brethren surviving him ch 16. 12. V. 20. The Syrian So Luke 4. 27. Aramite is translated Syrian by our Saviour Padan-Aram Called Aram-Naharaim ch 24. 10. sometime Padam only ch 48. 7. This is Mesopotamia of Syria distinguished from Aram-Zobah Ps. 60 tit V. 21. Intrcated Often no doubr barren Twenty yeares v. 20 26. many good women in Scripture barren a long time V. 22. Strugled A misery to her and a mystery in her v. 23. if
24. 3. V. 52. To thee For harme V. 53. The God of Nahor the God of their father Terah both idolaters Josh. 24. 2. The idolater sweares by his gods his idols V. 54. Offered sacrifice Killed beasts for a feast not sacrifice Feasts used at the making of Covenants ch 26. 30. Numb 22. 40. 1 Kings 1. 9. 19 21. 1 Sam. 28. 44. V. 55. Blessed them Thus God over-rules the wicked so ch 33. 4. so he turned Balaams curse into a blessing Numb 23. 11. Deut. 23. 5. so the mindes of the Barbarians towards Paul Acts 28. 4 5 6. CHAP. XXXII Verse 1. ANgelis of God To comfort and confirm him against the future fear and danger by Esau Psal 91. 11. met him In a visible Apparition when he was awake V. 2. Gods Host Camp Army Heavenly souldiers Luke 2. 13. Horses and charets of fire 2 Kings 6. 17. fighting for Gods people against their enemies Dan. 10. 13 20. 2 Kings 19. 35. Psal. 34. 7. Hoste For their Numbers Order Power Employment Angel the Guardian of Jacob but two Hosts Heb. 1. 14. No Angel is restrained from a particular ministration to any of the Elect nor any of the Elect so allotted to the custody of any Angel that he may not expect the protection of many Mahanaim Two armies the word is of the Dual number Cant. 6. 13. on either hand of him or before and behinde Ps. 34. 7. 91. 11. Here is not one peculiar Angel It seems not so likely that by the two Armies should be meant the one of the Angels the other of Jacobs family Hence likely is the name of that City Josh. 21. 38. in the tribe of Gal assigned to the Levites the children of Merari V. 3. Land of Seir Ch. 14. 6. Deut. 2. 22. The Horims dwelt there afore called Seir not from Esau but from Seir a Chorite or Horite ch 36. 20 21. ch 14 6. Thither was Esau gone ch 36. 6 7 8. And that lay in Jacobs way which he must passe V. 4. My Lord Esau. Thy servant Jacob V. 18. 33. 8. Not here by prejudicing or renouncing the birth-right or blessing ch 27. 29. Though yielding for a time as David after he was anointed did to Saul so Jacob here to pacifie Esaus old malice and present rage v. 5. Prov. 15. 1. waiting by faith for the Promise which was to be accomplished in future times I have sojourned with Laban As an exile as it were so long and rendering to him an accompt of his time spent V. 5. And I have oxen And so will not be burdensom to him or to his fathers house not gape after his fathers riches nor be a reproach to their family by his poverty nor seek Esaus favour for his own profit sake to tell my lord q. d. I would not passe by thee without acquainting thee with it V. 6. Foure hundred men Most likely with a bloody intent how grievous soever it might be to his aged father v. 8. These were too many for ostentation sake V. 7. Greatly afraid The infirmity of the flesh appears the Angels being gone he divided V. 8. Another division ch 33. 1 2. Good and godly policy so v. 16 17 18. and ch 14. 15. 30. 38. V. 9. O God He falls to prayer as his only safe-guard And prayers not to the Angels that appeared for their mediation But labours to strengthen himself and his faith in God and his Promises and Word throughout his Prayer of my father To whom thou hast made such promises He prayes not to Abraham which saidst unto me Return Ch. 31. 13. Be now as good as thyword to me obeying it V. 10. I am not worthy of the least Nor of this I now beg so ch 18. 27. 2 Sam. 9 7 8. Luke 17. 10. Though he justly pleaded his merit to Laban ch 31. 38. the truth In performing thy gracious Promises and Predictions this Jordan Now in sight being in Mount Gilead or nearer two bands V. 7. V. 11. And the mother with the children Or upon them as Hos. 10. 14. Deut 22. 6. V 12. And thou saidest Ch. 28. 14 15. 31. 3. V. 13. Which came to his hand The night and his haste to prevent his brother would not suffer him to stand upon choice 1 Sam 25. 8. a Present Rich of five hundred and eighty head of cattel a stock for breed As Jacob prayeth and trusteth in God and his Promises so yet he useth means Prov. 17. 8. 18. 16. V. 16. A space betwixt V. 20. To mitigate his displeasure by degrees ch 33. 8 9. and that if he fell in hostile manner upon the first the other might seek the better to escape V. 20. Jacob is behinde us Lest Esau might surmise that he sent these only that he in the mean season might escape some other way V. 21. That night Not that v. 13. but the night following having spent the day before in sending away the droves and Presents by his servants V. 22. Two women-servants So are Bilhah and Zilpah called here eleven sonnes Dinah his daughter not mentioned And Benjamin not yet borne Jabbâ—ak Deut. 2. 37. 3. 16. Numb 21. 24. Josh. 12. 2. Judg. 11. 13. the border of the children of Ammon If Jacob now had not been well setled in the confidence of Gods Protection he would not likely have passed over this river as having better meanes to escape on the other side Or rather he being last stayed yet on the other side of the river V. 23 Sent them ever He remaining behinde left alone on the other side v. 24. And there without knowledge of any wrestled with the Angel that night v. 24. 26 31. V. 24. Wrestled Jacob wrestling both spiritually and corporally He deignes this who afterwards deigned to be borne in a stable to die on a Crosse for us Esay 55. 8. 1 Cor. 1. 27 28. a man God in the shape of a man even Christ v. 26 28 30. Called God and an Angel Hos. 12. 3 4. that Angel Gen. 48. 16 Mal. 3. 1. that Arch-Angel Michael Jude v. 9. After he had stayed behinde alone purposely to pray as he did Hos. 12. 4. with weeping at the last the Lord appeared and set on him with wrâ—stling until the breaking of the day A private wrastling without Spectators v. 26. nor then did Jacob fully know with whom he wrastled V. 25. And when he saw This is spoken after the manner of men God knowes all with one pure and perfect act that he prevailed not With that measure of strength which God in that assumed body was then pleased to take and use Gen. 19. 22. Mar. 6. 5. Mat. 15. 22. 24. 27 28. Exod. 32 10. Luke 24. 29. To confirme him hereby that he should prevail with Esau. out of joynt The huckle-bone where the Sciatica is to humble him that he should not be exalted out of measure but know by whose indulgence he did prevaile and this halting to remain as a monument of it and of this Apparition V.
one certain time and these two Evenings in the larger or stricter signification to be contiguous or continued rather to be that Communis terminus which couples the end of the day and the beginning of the night together or the two extremities of our Evening-tide whereof the former belongs to the end and shutting up of the natural day preceding and the later to the beginning of the night which leades on and ushers in the natural or civil day following as the first part of it So that this time is a participle of both or a Borderer betwixt both as the large Annotations fitly expresse it Two side-posts In this first Passeover each Head of a family served as a Priest verse 7 divers Rites were enjoyned which were not observed or required afterwards And the second moneth also allowed for it Num. IX 11 And other seven dayes 2 Chron. XXX 23. No maner of work On divers Feast-dayes of the Jewes it was not lawful for them to do any servile work verse 16 On others any kinde or maner of work save that which every man must eate But on the Sabbath day and so likely on the day of expiation that it self was unlawful or to kindle a fire on it Exod. XII 16. and Ch. XVI 5 23. and Ch. XXXV 2 3. And much more to do any maner of work upon it Neh. XIII v. 15 22. Jer. XVII 21 22. though for the making of the Tabernacle it self Exod. XXXI 11 12 13. or at any time in earing-time or harvest Exod. XXXIV 21. And that upon paine of death Exod. XXXV 2. For ever Many Legal Ceremonies verse 17 or Ordinances are enjoyned the Jewes to be observed throughout their generations for ever all which yet ended at the coming of Christ in the flesh And some such enjoyned in like termes yet ended in the year of Jubile Exod. XXI 6. Levit. XXV 40. Of this see more in the Observations on Deut. XV. 17. 430 years These do commence from the first Promise made to Abram verse 40 in Ur of the Chaldees whence 30 of the years are made up thus viz 5. in Haran 11 in Canaan when Ishmael was borne Gen XVI 3. And 14 years of Ishmaels age when Isaac was borne Gen. XVII 25. and Ch. XVIII 10. and XVI 16. and XXI 5. And the 400. begin from Isaacs birth as was shewed on Gen. XV. 13. By day in a Pillar of a cloud The Pillar of a cloud by day and of fire by night chapter XIII verse 21 may seem to be two Pillars Exod. XIII 21. 22. Nehem. IX 12 19. Num. XIV 14. Or rather seeme to be one Pillar Exod. XIV 19 20 24. Spread as a cloud by day to cover them from heat and gathered up into a Pillar of fire by night to guide them Out of which God spake unto them Psal. XCIX 7. Num. XII 5 10. Deut. XXXI 15. See the Annotations on Esay IV. 5. Migdol A strong City or Fort chapter XIV verse 2 situate in the territory of Bethshemesh in Egypt not farre from the Red-sea Num. XXXIII 7 8. Jer XLIV 1. Before the Testimony This command for Aaron to lay up the Pot of Manna before the Lord chapter XVI verse 34 was performed by him in laying it not before the Testimony not at this time of the Command here but after the Ark and two Tables of the Covenant were made Exod. XXXIII 29. and Ch. XXXVII 1 c. An Omer The Omer and Ephah here seeme quite altered in that Visionary New State of Israel chapter XVI verse 36 Ezek. XLV 11. Unlesse Gnomer and Chomer be two several measures which I rather incline unto and conceive the truth to be this That 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Exod. XVI 36. is the tenth part of an Ephah as is there set down whereunto accords that ver 16. it being the measure of the eating of Manna sufficient for a man by the day But 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ezek. XLV containes ten Ephahs or Baths both being of the same measure v. 11. and 14. And hereunto accords that Esay V. 10. where one 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for so the word is there written as it is in Ezek. XLV yeelds but one Ephah i. e. the tenth part of the seed it being a judgement of famine there denounced See also Levit. XXVII 16. And this may serve for the better explication of my Annotations upon that place of Ezekiel contained in the second Edition of the great Annotations printed 1651. Rock Rocks twice smitten chapter XVII verse 6 this Rock Exod. XVII 6. And that water going likely into the Red Sea and so failing them in the 32. Station at Ezion-gaber Upon their new murmuring another Rock was smitten 39 years after Num. 20. 1 13. And both called the waters of Meribah Went up Moses nine or ten times goes up to the Lord on Mount Sinai chapter XIX verse 3 See Exod. XIX 3 7 8 10 14 20 21 25. and Ch. XX. 21. and Ch. XXIV 3 12 13 15 18. and Ch. XXXII 7 15 30. and Ch. XXXIII 6 7 21. and Ch. XXXIV 2 29 34. Moses spake This speech verse 19 not mentioned what it was But seems to be that recorded Heb. XII 21. Priests So verse 22 v. 24. These Priests probably seeme to be the fathers of the families The young men Exod. XXIV 5. might possibly be of those Primogeniti or First-borne which God first challenged to himself within one quarter of a year before Exod. XIII 2. and Ch. XXII 29. And for them the Levites were taken in afterwards Num. III. 12 13 40 41 45. and Ch. VIII 18. Or else such as Moses pleased to imploy in slaying and dressing at least of these Sacrifices Called young men likely as those servants of the King of Assyria are called in the Original young men 2 King XIX 6. An Altar These Altars mentioned in this verse chapter XX verse 24 and v. 25 26. were allowed and appointed for the time much differing from those by appointment made when the Tabernacle and Temple were erected and builded Exod. XXVII 1 c. 2 Chron. IV. 1. Of Altars see more on Levit. XVII 3. In the seventh In the Seventh and Sabbatical year chapter XXI verse 2 beginning in September as the Iubile did The Book of the Law was to be read publikely and solemnly in the beginning of that year The Land was to rest from Culture Lendings vouchsafed to poor Hebrews and then due were to be released and intermitted if not clean remitted Luke VI. 35. Hebrew servants both men and women though bought if not redeemed before were to go out free if themselves would and that liberally furnished Exod. XXI 2 7. and XXIII 11 16. Levit. XXV 4 5 6 7 20 21 22. Deut. XV. 1 18. Jer. XXXIV 14. Who hath betrothed her to himself The Hebrew Text hath 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifying Not chapter XXI verse 8 and so runs thus Who hath not betroathed her But the Hebrew Criticks commonly called Masorets put for
in his time by divine warrant doth distribute them for the service of the Temple into three sorts to three several Functions and Offices One was to Attend the Priests and to be helpful and subservient unto them in their several Services Of these there are sundry Orders set down 1 Chron. XXIII and XXIV Chapters A second to solemnize the Service of God with all maner of Musick by Voice and Instruments both winded and stringed The third sort was to be Porters Of whom 1 Chron. XXIII 5. and Ch. XXVI and 2 Chron. XXIII 4 5 6 19. and XXXV 15. Their Orders are set down 1 Chron. XXV These three Sorts being divided by Lot into twenty four Orders or Courses as the Priests were That the first Course of these might attend with the first Course of the Priests and leave the Temple when they left it The Levites also had other Offices over the Treasures of the house of God and of the Dedicate things and for the outward businesse over Israel for officers and Judges in all businesse of the Lord and in the service of the King 1 Chron. XXVI 20 32. over divers Tribes See further 1 Chron. XXIII 28 32. Even those Levites numbered males from thirty years old to fifty are 8580. Upon which reckoning there was then one such Levite for every seventy such males in Israel In Davids time the Levites besides the Priests from thirty years old to fifty were 38000. 1 Chron. XXIII 3. She The Blessing of conceaving Seed verse 28 seemes to be promised to the innocent Wife chapter V though barren before upon the triall of her innocency in the case of her Husbands jealousie We read not that the man in like case was subject to like triall yet we finde that the Wife could divorce her Husband Mar. X. 12. Woman Women might be Nazarites chapter VI verse 2 Num. VI. 2. And such likely was Sampsons mother Judg. XIII 4. The word Nazarite signifieth one that is separate And the name Pharisee is of the same signification And of these Nazarites some were for a certaine time of moneths or years at their own choice by their own special vow as Acts XVIII 18. and Ch. XXI 24. Of whom these Lawes here are chiefly to be understood Some for terme of life as Sampson Judg. XIII 5. and so Samuel 1 Sam. I. 11 28. And John Baptist Luke I. 15. Our Saviour was not a Nazarite as hath beene commonly mis-conceived out of a mis-translation and mis-understanding of that text Matth. II. 23. Offered At the Consecration of the Tabernacle chapter VII verse 1 9. there were two Waggons and four Oxen given to the Gershonites for carriage Four Waggons and eight Oxen to the Merarites Num. VII 7 8. as they had the more need The Kohathites Levites were to carry upon their shoulders Num. VII 9. 2 Sam. VI. 6. 1 Chron. XV. 2 13 15. And what it was see Num. III. 31. and IV. 15. The Priests Aaron and his sonnes being so few were not then to Carry but to Cover Num. IV. ver 5 15. Deut. XXXI 25. But afterwards growing more in number they onely were to carry the Arke as Josh. III. 3 6 8 13 14 15 17. and IV. 3 9 10 11 18. and ch VI. 4 6. and 2 Sam. XV. 29. and not very rarely as some writing on Josh. III 3. and on 1 Chron. XV. 15. do conceive Altar The Altar of Burnt-Offering had seven dayes spent for the Consecration and Expiation of it to sanctifie it verse 10 as it was appointed by God Exod. XXIX 37. As likewise for Ezekiels Altar Ezek. XLIII 18 27. Yet twelve dayes spent at the Dedication of it Num. VII Silver charger The silver Vessels of Chargers and Bowles verse 13 were for the Altar of Burnt-offerings All Vessels of and in the Sanctuary were of Gold Exod. XXXVII From off the Mercy-seat Moses hears the voice of one speaking to him from off the Mercy-seat Num. verse 89 VII 89. As the Lord promised Exod. XXV 22. Whereas formerly the Lord spake out of the Tabernacle of the Congregation Levit. I. 1. Num. I. 1. Take the Levites The Consecration of the Levites was done in one day chapter VIII verse 6 22. That of the Priests in seven dayes Which was so appointed Exod. XXIX 35. and so executed Levit. VIII 33 35. Certain men chapter IX The Passeover of the second moneth is extended to more dayes then are here mentioned verse 6 or v. 10. As in Hezekiah's time 2 Chron. XXX 2. 15. Priests The blowing of Trumpets is to be used by the Priests alone chapter X verse 8 Num. X. 8. 2 Chron. XXIX 26. And that in Convocating Assemblies in journeying through the wildernesse in going forth to warre Num. X. 2 9. and Ch. XXXI 6. 2 Chron. XIII 12 14. in the first day and tenth day of the seventh moneth Num. XXIX 1. Levit. XXV 9. in the New Moones Num. X. 10. Psal. LXXXI 3. In all their solemne Feasts over their Burnt-Offerings and Peace-Offerings Num. X. 10. And upon Extraordinary Occasions of Fasts and Humiliations Joel II. 1 15 Or of Joy and Gladnesse Num. X. 10. as when David brought in the Arke to the place which he had prepared for it 1 Chron. XV. 24 28. And appointed Priests to minister before it 1 Chron. XVI 6 42. And when Solomon brought the Arke into the Oracle he mightily had multiplied the number of Trumpets and had 120 Priests sounding them at that Solemnity 2 Chron. V. 12 13. And at the Dedication of the Temple the Priests sounded Trumpets 2 Chron. V. 12. and VII 6. As also at the laying of the foundation of the second Temple by Zerubbabel Ezra III. 10. And the Dedication of the Walls of Jerusalem by Nehemiah chapt XII 35. And in Hezekiâ—h's joyful Reformation 2 Chron. XXIX 26 27 28. Besides there were civil Trumpets for civil use sounded by others then Priests As in Warre Judg. VII 2 Sam. II. 28. At the Coronations of Kings as of Solomon Jehu and Joash And upon other occasions The Levites used other Instruments of Musick and not Trumpets 1 Chron. XV. 19 20 21. and Ch. XVI 5. 2 Cron. V. 12. and Ch. VII 6. and Ch. XXIX 25 26 27 28. And used them and song at the daily Sacrifices and all Festival Sacrifices 1 Chron. XXIII 30 31. And haply in the night 1 Chron. IX 33. Psal. CXXXIV 1. On the The Israelites journeyed from Mount Sinai verse 11 in the second year second moneth twentieth day having stayed there in that their twelfth Station a year within thirteen dayes Exod. XIX I. See v. 12. Deut. I. 6 7. Hobab Jethro or Hobab verse 29 32. a Kenite the sonne of Revel or Raguel a Midianite and father-in-Law of Moses comes to Moses to Horeb and brings to him his wife and two sonnes And Moses upon his counsel appointing very many Rulers and Judges over the people Jethro returnes into his own Land Exod. XVIII Deut. I. 9 18. He rather then his
there 2 Sam. VI. 12 17. whereupon Zion is called the City of God Gods holy Hill The Northerne and lower part belonging to Benjamin wherein the Temple stood on Mount Moriah 2 Chon III. 1. Honourable things are spoken of this City Psal. LXXXVII 2 3. This City is called the City of God of the Lord of Hoasts of the great King the holy place of the Tabernacles of the most High Psal. XLVI 4. and XLVIII 8. The Throne of the Lord Jer. III. 17. Jehovah-Shammah in that visionarie Description Ezek. XLVIII 35. It is called the City of Solemnities Esay XXXIII 20. a City of Righteousnesse Esay V. 26. a City of Truth Zech. VIII 3. a Faithful City Esay I. 26. a City sought out and not forsaken Esay LXII 12. The walls thereof are called Salvation and her gates Praise and they are ever in Gods sight Esay XLIX 16. and LX. 18. Hoham These other four Kings were all South of Jerusalem chapter X verse 3 And all five did after belong to the Tribe of Judah Lachish Of this City see the Annotations on Micah I. 13. The Lord said The Lord spake to Joshua verse 8 sometimes immediately by himself sometimes being consulted with by Urim and Thummim Hailestones God 's two Miracles in this battel verse 11 I. By wondrous Hailestones like those in Egypt Exod. IX 18 25. which killed more Amorites then were slaine by the sword braining likely the body of their hoast as they fled where they were thickest and those that were formost in the flight and not hurting the Pursuers who were intermingled yet likely mostwhat in the Reare of the enemy II. By the miraculous standing still upon Joshua's Prayer first privately made and granted after publikely pronounced in the sight of Israel of the Sunne and of the Moone and with them of the whole frame of Heaven about a whole day till the people had avenged themselves upon their enemies Jasher The Book of Jasher records the Miracle verse 13 No Heathen History being so ancient This Book seemes to be carried on and enlarged still with the story of things acted in after-ages For there is mention of it in Davids time 2 Sam. I. 18. And this Book being no part of Canonical inspired Scripture but a Civil Chronicle or Annals among the Jewes is since perished as divers others of like nature Among which are those books of Chronicles not Canonical but Civil so often cited in our two books of the Kings No day That day in Hezekiah's time verse 14 was in some things like this 2 King XX. 11. But that not till many ages after And this book first written Returned If Joshua here resolved to return to Gilgal verse 15 Yet many other victories in the Southern parts even from Kadesh-barnea unto Gaza in a short time intervened ver 16 42. before he actually returned thither ver 43. Ioshua And c. XI verse 36 31. Ioshua took Hebron or Kiriath-Arba and Debir or Kiriath-Sepher and cut off the Anakims Yet under the conduct of Caleb this was perfected Ioshua assigning him out of his army the Tribe of Iudah for his assistance therein Ch. XIV 6 15. and Ch. XV. 13 19. which thing seems to be repeated Iudg. I. 10 15. rather then a new Conquest made again after the death of Ioshua Goshen And Ch. XI verse 41 16. and Ch. XV. 51. This Goshen in Canaan differing from that in Egypt Sand Hyperbolees much used in Scripture chapter XI verse 4 So Gen. XXII 17. and XLI 49. Iudg. VII 12. and Ch. XX. 16. 1 Sam. XIII 5. 2 Sam. I. 23. 1 King I. 40. and IV. 20 29. 2 King XIX 24. 1 Chron. XII 8. and XVI 33. 2 Chron. I. 9. and XXVIII 9. Job XX. 6. and XXII 24. and XL. 23. Psal. VI. 6. Esay XXXIV 3 5 7 9. and XLVIII 19. Jer. IV. 24. and XV. 8. Ioel. III. 18. Amos II. 9. and IX 13. Iohn XXI 25. A long time After the battel at the waters of Merom verse 18 Ioshua did make warre a long time with all those Northern Kings in Canaan about sixe years as is gathered out of Ch. XIV 6 15. Arnon Arnon the River chapter XII verse 1 ariseth not farre from the head-spring of the River Iabbok and both from rocky Mountains that lie in the East part of the Tribe of Gad. It runneth Southward and falls into the North-East corner of the Dead Sea It is the border between Sihon or Reuben on the West and Ammon on the East and between Sihon or Reuben on the North and Moab on the South Iabbok Iabbok the River verse 2 ariseth as Arnon but runneth North a little and after turneth his streame West and falleth into Iordan a little below the Sea of Galilee It divided the Land of Gilead between Sihon and Og and afterwards between Gad on the South and halfe Manasseh on the North. Remaineth yet The Land both Conquered chapter XIII verse 1 and Unconquered was to be divided by Lot among the nine Tribes and a half so Iosh. XXIII 4 5. Begun at Gilgal Ch. XIV 6. and Ch. XV. and Ch. XVI and Ch. XVII Resumed and Perfected at Shiloh Ch. XVIII and XIX But we never read That they did Conquer the whole Land and all their several Shares and Lots through their own default and breach of Covenant with God by Disobedience Chapt. XXIII 13. Aroer The City Aroer was neere the Rise of the River Arnon verse 16 and in the confines between the Reubenites and Gadites as also Heshbon Dibon and Ataroth which being bordering Cities are said to belong to them both sometimes to the one sometimes to the other To Reuben Iosh. XIII 16 17. Num. XXXII 37. To Gad Iosh. XXI 39. Num. XXXII 34. 1 Chron. VI. 81. Distributed The whole Countrey chapter XIV verse 1 seemes to be divided into so many parts as there were Tribes to possesse them Yet so as that the Bounds of every part or Province were not so precisely limited before the Tribe had drawn the Lot but that afterwards they might be enlarged or lessened according to the greatnesse or smalnesse of the number that belonged to it Num. XXVI 53 56. and Chap. XXXIII 54. which last point of division was left to the wisdome of the High Priest Ioshua and the Elders whom God had appointed to divide it ver 1. and Ch. XVII 14 18. By lot Lots fell out providentialy to the twelve Tribes chapter XIV verse 2 in the Division of the Land in relations partly to their Birth partly to the Prophetical Blessings of them by Jacob Gen. XLIX and Moses Deut. XXXIII And so in the Cities of the Levites the Lot cast the thirteen Cities of the Priests in the Tribes of Judah Benjamin and Simeon which were nearest the Temple Josh. XXI 9 10 17. when it was builded Old Calebs age verse 7 when he was sent among the Spies from Kadesh-barnea was fourty At this Division of the Land eighty five So that fourty five years intervened viz. 38. in the
and other qualities which he hath bestowed upon them in some whereof they farre excel men In all which particulars Iobs weaknesse and insufficiency doth more then sufficiently appear And will Iob then contend and debate his quarrel with God this God reprove him or think to apprehend or comprehend the invisible reasons of his proceedings Moreover Here the Lord calls upon Iob to answer chapter XL verse 1 turnes him over to his own desire chap. 13. 22. Then Iob Jobs Submission verse 3 Once His sinne is already too great in speaking presumptuously against Gods proceedings verse 5 He will do so no more Then Here the Lord proceeds yet further to presse Job verse 6 and convince him and humble him Where after his Preface in this verse and challenge in the next He reproves him thus Wilt thou disanul my judgement wilt thou condemne me that thou mayest be righteous ver 8. Wilt thou be like God ver 9. Then do as he doth ver 9 13. And so God will confesse it ver 14. Behold now Behemeth The Lord bids Job consider of the Elephant verse 15 and of Gods power in making such a creature which he describes and sets forth ver 15 24. Canst thou The Lord doth further argue by an instance in Leviathan chapter XLI the Whale verse 1 in this whole Chapter And shewes Jobs weaknesse to encounter and grapple with him by strength ver 1 10. And applies it thus Who then is able to stand before me ver 10 11. I will not Here followes a magnifical description of the Whale verse 12 of the particular parts and members of his body and of his qualifications and actions All to the end aforesaid ver 10 11. Yet Whales seeme now-a-dayes to be by Art more easily caught and conquered then they were in Jobs dayes Then Job Here Job makes a more full profession of his Repentance chapter XLII verse 1 ver 1 6. have I uttered More then was fitting verse 3 in things so farre above my capacity And it was so Gods sentence upon Jobs three friends ver 7 8 9. verse 7 seven bullocks A great sacrifice for sinne verse 8 a burnt offering There is in Leviticus a difference between Burnt-Offerings and Sinne and Trespasse-Offerings yet likely not known in Jobs time the Lord turned The restitution and restauration of Job after all his misery verse 10 ver 10 17. After this lived His age shewes probably that he lived about that time of the Israelites being in Egypt verse 16 Psalmes PSALMES Luke XXIV 44. Or Book of Psalmes Luke XX. 42. Acts I. 20. is divided by the Hebrewes into these five Parts The first part ending with Psal. XLI The second part with Psal. LXXII The third with Psalme LXXXIX The fourth with Psalm CVI. The fifth with Psalme CL. The Division of them from the Subject-matters of them is very various There are Psalmes Laudatorie of Praises Gratulatorie of Thanksgiving Psalmes of Supplications of Deprecations of Consolations of Comminations of Imprecations There are Penetential Psalmes Psalmes to teach to give instruction Psalmes to bring to Remembrance things past Psalmes Prophetical of things to come And many Psalmes are mixt of many or most of these matters So as out of them as out of a store-house every man may richly fit and furnish himself for all and every particular occasion either publike or else private according to his several conditions in prosperity or adversity in all his devotions and addresses to God still finding his own estate in some one Psalme or other These Psalmes containing the very Anatomy of the soul the characters and representations of the thoughts meditations affections and workings of it towards God towards man towards herself throughout all the changes of her pilgrimage in this world The number of them is one hundred and fifty The LXX and vulgar Latin do divide the ninth Psalme into two And so their reckoning of the number doth constantly go on to exceed ours by one unto the CXLVII Psalm which Psalm doth contain their CXLVI and CXLVII And so in the conclusion all agree in the same number of CL. Of these eighty two bear Davids title Whereof these are upon several special occasions as appears in their Inscriptions viz. the III. VII XXX LI. LII LIV. LIX LX. LXIII And at Gath before Achish or Abimelech XXXIV LVI And when he was in the Cave Psalm LVII and CXLII His Psalms of Prayer are Psalm 17. and 86. Some are his Psalmes and yet without his name in the Title as Psal. II. Acts IV. 25. And Psal. XCV Hebr. IV. 7. See also Psal. XCVI and CV and CVI. See 1 Chron. XVI 7. and LXXII 20. Other Psalmes without Davids name which have special Titles are Psalmes XLV LXXII And of or for Asaph Psalmes L. LXXIII to LXXXIII See 2 Chron. XXIX 30. Of or for the sonnes of Korah LXXXIV LXXXV LXXXVII Of Heman for the sonnes of Korah LXXXVIII Of Ethan LXXXIX Of Moses XC For the Sabbath XCII A Prayer of or for the Afflicted CII Psalmes of Degrees CXX to CXXXIV Having Titles are 125. The rest being XXV the sixth part of the whole number are without any Title or Inscription at all In the Titles we have the persons by whom they were written or for whom they were written or to whom they were committed And these last are either generaly described by their skill in Musick or more particularly named to be of the Quire or Posterity of Jeduthun of Korah or of Asaph In some we have also the Times when they were made or when to be used In some also their Quality and Excellencie In some their Matter Subject as of Prayer of Deprecation as Destroy not of obtestation of Gratulation or Thanksgiving of Praise of Instruction and Doctrine of Commemoration or for Remembrance of nuptial love The Musick either by voice or instrument mentioned in some Titles is but little known in our dayes yet for the voice some Psalmes may seeme to point to the Base some to the Tenor some to the Counter-tenor And again in some mens opinions some Psalmes do intimate that the voice should leade and the instrument follow as in those Titles 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Some that the instruments should leade and the voice follow as in those Titles 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 But the truth is That howsoever Selah in the Text used some seventy times in this Book and three times in that prayer of Habakkuk chap. III. sometimes in the middle of a verse but mostwhat in the end may seeme to be a Musical Note And Neginoth to be an hand or stringed instrument Shoshannim of six strings from Shesh six as Shalishim of three strings 1 Sam. XVIII 6. Sheminith of eight strings Nehiloth a wind-instrument Mahalath likewise And so other guesses may be made of other words mentioned in sundry Titles of sundry Psalms as Shoshannim Eduth Shushan Eduth Mahaloth Leannoth Muthlabben Altaskith Gittith Alamoth Hammagneloth Aijgeleth Shahar Jonath-Elem-rehochim As also of Higgajon Michtam
properties and qualifications stand in awe and sinne not Ephes. IV. 26. verse 4 Be anrgy and sinne not And that sense the word here used will bear David speaking thus to his friends Let not your indignation and just resentment of these scandals and confusions in my sufferings proceed to a sinful murmuring against God but consider of it wisely in your most retired thoughts and be silent contented and quiet into thy house chapter V verse 7 So farre as it was lawful for David toward thy holy Temple And so David Psal. XXVII 4. and XXIX 9. and LXV 4. and LXVIII 29. and CXXXVIII 2. And yet in Davids dayes the Temple was not built He minded that which after his dayes he knew presently should be And meane time he stiles the Arke or Tabernacle by the name of the Temple See the Observations on Exod. XXXIII 7. rebuke me not Psal. chapter VI verse 1 XXXVIII 1. heale me David was in some soar sicknesse at this time verse 2 bed to swim See the Observations on Josh. XI 4. verse 6 If I have done this Whereof Cush Sauls Courtier or Favourite chapter VII verse 3 one of his Tribe doth falsely accuse me return thou on high To ascend verse 7 and set thy self on thy high tribunal and judgement-seat 1 Kings X. 19. And this to judge for me and against Cush as it followeth in the rest of the Psalme Out of the mouth This is alluded to Mat. chapter VIII verse 2 XXI 16. What is man This verse 4 and ver 5 6. are applied to Christ by the Apostle Heb. II. 6 9. 1 Cor. XV. 27. Ephes. I. 22. so taking in both Christ the head and mankinde specialy the faithful as members shewing thereby that mysticaly and propheticaly in these words is intimated the humiliation and exaltation of the man Christ Jesus O thou enemie A kinde of scoff and derision chapter IX verse 6 whereby David upbraids him for his bloody designes and threats Know thy name will Know experimentaly verse 10 practicaly verse 20. in all their hearts and souls in themselves as the phrases of Scripture are Josh. XXIII 14. 1 Sam. VI. 9. Heb. X. 34. Of this knowledge is that Iohn XVII 3. and 1 Iohn II. 3 4 5. and chap. III. 19 24. and chap. IV. 6 7 8 13. and chap. V. 2. 18 19. 20. Noëtical speculative knowledge swimming only in the braine and not sinking into the heart is none of this knowledge till thou finde none Rid the world of them chapter X verse 15 and their sinnes at once flee a bird 1 Sam. chapter XI verse 1 XXVI 19. If the foundations In Church and Kingdome verse 3 what can He help but suffer in such a general ruine The fool Psal. chapter XIV verse 1 X. 4. and LIII 1. The three first verses of this Psalme are by Saint Paul applied to all mankinde in general in the state of the Fall and natural corruption Rom. III. 10 11 12. usury Of this see Exod. chapter XV verse 5 XXII 25. Levit. XXV 36 37. Deut. XXIII 19 20. Neh. V. 17. Levit. XXVIII 8. And the Annotations on Ezek. XVIII 8. and XXII 12 13. Mat. XXV 27. that hasten Or give gifts to another god chapter XVI verse 4 See Ezek. XVI 33 34. The true God needs them not ver 2. But false gods do which gifts do redound in the end to the dammage and sorrowes of the givers their drink-offerings of blood Their Offerings and Sacrifices of mans blood The drink-offerings to the true God were of wine according to his Law Num. XV. 5. But Idolaters in stead thereof did many times offer mans blood Pauls readinesse to be offered Phil. II. 17. 2 Tim. IV. 6. imports no more then his willingnesse to die and spend his blood for Christs cause and the good of his Church and people their names See the Observations on Josh. XXIII 7. I have set the Lord Acts II. 25 31. verse 8 and XIII 35 37. David speaks here of himself in this regard as having Christ in his loins in a Prophetical spirit relating to Christ. right hand Psal. CIX 31. CX 5. CXXI 5. not be moved Psal. CXVIII 6. CXXXV 1. Rom. VIII 31 c. my glory My tongue verse 9 Acts II. 26. Psal. XXX 12. and LVII 8. and CVIII 2. Gen. XLIX 6. my flesh also As Rom. VIII 19. 21. my soul in hell A Prophesie of Christs Resurrection verse 10 David speaks here in the Person of Christ. Soul Sometimes is taken properly sometimes improperly for the whole person of man Gen. XIV 12. Acts XXVII 37. sometimes for the life of the person sometimes for the body Gen. XVII 21. sometimes for the dead carkasse Levit. XIX 28. and XXI 1 2. Num. VI. 6. and V. 2 9 10. Hag. II. 14. And so 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is taken also Here my soul i. e. my self hell the Hebrew 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is taken for the grave Psal. CXLI 7. and LXXXVI 13. and XXX 13. and LV. 15. Gen. XXXVII 35. and XLII 3. 1 Kings II. 6 9. Num. XVI 30. Jonah II. 1 2. Not for a place of souls under the earth See Doctor Rainolds Praelect 81. 82. upon the Apocryphal books and Robert Parker upon Christs Descent into hell 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is taken for death or the state of the dead for the place invisible for the grave in relation to the body Acts II. 27. And in relation to the soul for heaven to the godly soul as in our Creed and for Hell to the soul ungodly and so most usualy Christs soul did not descend to the lower parts or that imaginary place of Limbus Patrum This place here meant is a place of punishment and therefore it is mentioned as a mercy that Christ was thence delivered Christs soul was not therefore there in triumph The scope of the Apostles in citing this place is not to deale about the deliverance of Christs soul out of Hell but punctualy of Christs Resurrection They inferre nothing else out of this Text. But Resurrection is properly of the Body not of the Soul Gehenna is sometimes taken for the Grave and most-times further for Hell it self The true meaning and sense of the Article of Christs Descent into Hell as the Latines very improperly translate the words 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 seemes to be thus rendered rather he went into the place of invisible souls and to be understood of Christs Soul for his body remained in the Grave And his soul in that interim to passe to the place of souls to Heaven or Paradise as the souls of the godly did and his principaly As the souls of the wicked went to Hell For 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as a general name doth certainly and evidently signifie both places And thus the Articles go on methodicaly without any tautologie That after Christs death his body was buried in the Grave his Soul went to the place of blessed souls and the third day both soul and body were
due order without any other letter or verse interposed cease from anger Upon unjust causes verse 8 in an unjust maner and measure Ephes. IV. 31. yet in it self lawful Ephes. IV. 26. Mark III. 5. A little Prov. XV. verse 16 16. and XVI 8. and X. 22. Eccl. IX 7. I have been young This was Davids experience in his time verse 25 It followes not to be so in all ages to bring to remembrance That he might remember Gods chastisement upon him for his sinne chapter XXXVIII or that God might remember him to help and deliver him out of it lest otherwise A like argument or expression God useth verse 16 Deut. XXXII 27. to Jeduthun Or for him chapter XXXIX and his posteritie 1 Chron. XXV 3. So Psal. LXXVII title Even from good Not much unlike that idiotisme and expression verse 2 Gen. XXXI 29. Num. XXIII 25. the fire burned See Jer. XX. 9. Job XXXII 18 19. verse 3 a moath The moath is suddenly crushed verse 11 Job IV. 19. and doth insensibly consume a garment Job XIII 28. Hos. V. 12. That this Psalme should wholly be understood of Christ chapter XL excluding David may seeme not so safe and warrantable I waited They are Davids words throughout this Psalme verse 1 Yet he being in some things a Type of Christ and was to be the Father of Christ according to the flesh he useth some words propheticaly of Christ speaking them as in the person of Christ which are directly applyed to Christ by the Apostle Heb. X. 7 8 9. and heard my cry Thus from experience of mercie formerly received in Gods hearing his Prayers and delivering him from deepest dangers in the former part of the Psalme he strengthens his faith in Prayer for obtaining like mercie and deliverance in the later part of the Psalme so as there is no shew of opposition or contradiction between the beginning and ending of it an horrible pit Not that imaginarie Limbus Patrum verse 2 nor that state of sinne before regeneration whereunto their own preparatorie dispositions to their conversion did availe and prevaile whiles they were in that state of sinne to their deliverance out of it by merit of congruity But this pit is the depth of miseries the evils of punishments the gulph of temporal afflictions wherein David was plunged after his conversion and the graces of faith hope and invocation appearing in him ver 1. a new song For new benefits and deliverances verse 3 and those such and so new as the like were scarce heard of before many shall Psal. XXXII 6. fear and shall trust These two conjoyned in a pious soul fear and faith a reverent fear and trust in Gods mercie Psal. CXXX 4. unto our God To god and Christ. his trust Whose sure mercie to them is such verse 4 as we read 1 Tim. IV. 10. Deut. I. 31. and XXXII 10 11 12. John III. 16. Many O Lord my God David speaking to God and Christ verse 5 if not in the person of Christ as his Type with admiration of his infinite goodnesse and mercy towards man and in ordering the meanes of his salvation So that he riseth up now to a more general admiration of Gods wonderful works and thoughts towards his and of the number quantity and quality of them Sacrifice Christs words verse 6 Heb. X. 5. So that these words and the next are spoken unto God in the person of the Messias who was to come of the seed of David Heb. X. 5 6 7. See the like before XVI 10. David having spoken in the former verse of Gods wonderfull works and thoughts towards mankinde doth in this maner in the words of the Messias rise up to the very highest of them all in these two verses For Sacrifices see my Table of them in Leviticus not desire Jer. VII 22. Hos. VI. 6. Prov. XXI 3. 1 Sam. XV. 22. Psal. L. 5 16. Matth. XII 7. Mark XII 33. And Christ was now to put an end to them Dan. IX 27. as not able in themselves to purge away sinne Heb. X. 4. Therefore God desired them not simply of themselves without inward piety concurring as the very life and soul of them Or in comparison of the spiritual worship of God or in comparison of that al-sufficient Sacrifice of Christ which he was to offer in the body of his flesh Heb. X. 1 4. Rom. VIII 3 4. After which these Legal Typical Sacrifices were to be abolished as was said And that Sacrifice of Christ one offered never to be reiterated Heb. IX and X. chapters contrary to that blasphemous sacrifice of Christ in the Popish Masse mine ears hast thou opened Digged open or peirced made me obedient to thy voice or bored to make me thy servant for ever in allusion to the Law Exod. XXI 6. For these words here we read Heb. X. 5. but a body hast thou prepared me or fitted me Wherein the Apostle either followeth the LXX or cites not the words but the sense Rom. VIII 3. Phil. II. 7. it being the same both wayes in issue Besides that varieties of readings in both places are alledged out of ancient Copies by the learned Papists themselves deny not this text to be incorrupt The Apostle faithfuly retaining the sense and scope of the place without tying himself to the letter of the words in his quotation The variation is but a change of the figurative phrase into a proper to expresse the ready obedience of Christ to do the will of his Father in the work of the redemption of mankind John V. 30. VI. 38. and IV. 34. whereunto by framing him a body God had fitted him Sinne-offering Heb Sinne. Put often in the Law for the Sinne-offering So Levit. IV. 3. 24. Exod. XXIX 14. In which sense Christ is called Sinne 2 Cor. V. 21. Then said I verse 7 Lo I come When thou hadst so fitted me Mark X. 32 33 34. In the volume or Scroll rowled up Jer. XXXVI 2. Ezek. II. 9. The Volume of the Law and Scripture Luke XXIV 27 44. John V. 39. of the Book Sepher or Book generaly signifies any writings Court-rools c. Deut. XXIV 1. 2 Kings V. 5 6. Jer. XXXII 11. it is written of me So Christ himself saith Matth. XXVI 24 John V 46. See Luke XXIV 44 46. Acts XIII 29. I delight Luke XXII 15. Heb. X. 10. to do thy will Heb. X. 10. John VI. 38. Luke XXII 42. In all things to be performed by me in my flesh which are required by thee for the redemption and salvation of man even to my obedience in suffering the death of the Crosse Phil. II. 8. Thus Christ in regard of his humane nature was truly lesse then the Father John XIV 28. was subject to him his will to the will of his Father took upon him the forme of a servant Phil. II. 7. was truly a servant Esay XLII 1. obeyed the mandates of the Father John XII 49. and XIV 31. and XV. 10. Being our Surety was made under
and humbled himself and suffered even to death and so was made a little lower then the Angels But now hereby he is crowned with glory and honour Yet this dignity here is not ascribed to his Humanity singly in it self considered but in supposito as it hypostaticaly subsists in the Person of the Sonne of God And this Dignity is not an elevation and exaltation of the Humanity of our Saviour into the Majesty and essential properties and prerogatives of the Divine-nature and so to have a parity of Dignity with it an equality in all points realy communicated to the Humanity in it self as the Ubiquitaries contend and plead for and which they referre not to the Person only but to the very Humane nature also in the Person of the Sonne of God But this Dignity of Christs Humanity is that which is next in degree under God and the Father above that of the Angels and all creatures Heb. I. 3 4. Ephes. I. 20 21 22 23. given to him in time after his Ascention as a consequent and reward of his exinanition and passion Phil. II. ult Heb. II. 9. Luke XXIV 26. This Dignity Saint Paul declares 1 Cor. XV. 25. and Saint Peter Acts V. 31. and X. 42. Iohn V. 27. In summe then as Christ emptied himself and subjected himself to the Father not in regard of his Divine nature but in regard of his Person God-man and that only out of his Voluntary dispensation So out of the same his voluntary dispensation it is that he exercises this office of Mediation in both natures And here after his Ascention not before in the Personal Union of both Natures he receives this Dignity of sitting on the Fathers right hand his Person reigning so in both natures It is not then the Humanity in it self singly taken that sits on the right hand of God but the Humanity of that Person that sits at the right hand of God as in the Incarnation it came to passe not that the Humanity became God but that the Humanity became then the Humanity of God And Christ now sitting at the right hand of God doth reigne every where even as Man also though his Humanity be not every where as a King doth in his Kingdom though his body be not every where as the Head in the Body though the Head be not every where as the Sun in the firmament enlightens heats cherisheth quickeneth things below though the Sun remaine in its own place above until 1 Cor. XV. 14 25 28. Not yet that the Son shal then leave off all Rule and Reigne and be subject to the Father simply But that then he shall leave off his Office of Mediation having then overcome his enemies and fully gathered his Church he shall not thenceforth use those meanes and actings which formerly he did the whole work being then finished then shall he leave off the administration of that delegation which he had formerly freely undertaken there being then no more need of it But thenceforth shall he reigne together with the Father to all eternity Dan. VII 14. Luke I. 23. In a sense not unlike is this particle untill used Psal. CXXIII 2. Matth. ult ult Gen. XXVIII 15. what is affirmed of the time past is not denied for the time to come I make I God the Father Not excluding God the Sonne For the same action is attributed to him 1 Cor. XV. 25. Iohn XVI 33 Opera Trinitatis ad extra sunt indivisa thine enemies The Devill John XIV 30. 1 Cor. XV. 24. The World John XVI 33. and XV. 18. Antichrist and all wicked men Luke XIX 27. Not but that these are the enemies of God and the Father also John V. 23. And so both are joyned together Psal. II. 2. yet more immediately and directly enemies to Christ the Sonne who came into the world to destroy the works of the Devil 1 John II. 8. enemies to his Kingdome and his inheritance Matth. XXI 38. thy foot-stoole All utterly subdued and put under thy feete 1 Cor. XV. 14. As Iudg. I. 7. Psal. XLVII 3. and Psal. XVIII 39 40. 1 Kings V. 3. Iosh. X. 24. 25. Thus did Sapor the Persian King Tamerlane the Scythian and Pope Alexander the fourth to the Emperour Frederick the first This Conquest was made by Christs Resurrection and Ascention Col. II. 15. Ephes. IV. 8. Iohn XII 3. and chap. XVI 11. 33. They touch not Christs person now as they did when he was upon earth They have not power over his mystical body and true members to domineer over them subdue them or deadly destroy them yet they have power to bite and bruise their heel and so to persecute Christ in his members Acts IX 4. and ch XXII 7. Zech. II. 8. And so the victory is not yet fully compleat Rom. XVI 20. And this makes for Christs greater glory and his childrens good But at the last day in the end of the world all the enemies shall be altogether utterly subdued and destroyed and punished everlastingly 1 Cor. XV. 25 28. Matth. XXV 41 c. The Lord shall send The Prophet David here turnes his speech to his Lord and Sonne and speaks here of Iehovah what he shall do to and for him the rod of thy strength Thy royal Scepter or Shepherds staffe thy Kingdome and the Dominion thereof Ier. XLVIII 17. Ezek. XIX 4 11. thy royal power which shall be strong to overpower all the strength of the world opposing it Rom. I. 16. And this is his Word and Gospel not any temporal armes or power out of Zion There began the promulgation and thence sprang the Propagation of the Gospel and of Christs Kingdome which wondrously subdued all the world Ps. II. 6 8. Esay II. 2 3. Mich. IV. 2. rule thou in the midst of thine enemies Here is the successe of Christs Kingdome even among his enemies He and his Church Militant in this world shall still have enemies Matth. X. 6. Yet he shall rule and reigne in the midst of them in despight of them and that with all confidence and boldnesse Thy people As by right of Creation so chiefly here verse 3 by right of Redemption Here is the successe of Christs Kingdome among his subjects shall be willing Their first property to be prompt ready devout chearfully obedient 1 Pet. II. 9. freely led thereto by Gods free Spirit Psal. LI. 12. Rom. VIII 14. Psal. LIV. 6. 2 Cor. IX 7. As Iudg. V. 9. Nehem. XI 2. Acts II. 41. Made such by Christ of unwilling to be so willing Iohn VI. 44. Psal. CXIX 10 11. 108. and in many other places of that Psalme Esay ELIX 18. and LV. 5. and LX. 4. in the day of thy power When by the powerful preaching of thy Gospel thou shalt rule in the midst of thine enemies and powerfully convert thy people to so willing an obedience unto thee The word here translated Power signifies also an armie and may relate to Christs mustering of his people as armies in the dayes of their
solemn assemblies for his worship and service in the beauties of holinesse Or in the comely honours of the Sanctuarie meaning either the comely or honourable places of holinesse the Sanctuary or Church or rather in the beautiful ornaments of holinesse that is holy graces and vertues which with admirable varietie adorne the faithful and their inner man from the womb The second propertie or condition of the subjects of Christs Kingdome to be very numerous as willing so numerous as the dew from the womb of the morning 2 Sam. XVII 12. by a sudden unusual and wonderful increase and multiplication Esay LIV. 1. Micah V. 7. Esay LXVI 9. so numerous shall his youth be his new-borne people Iohn I. 13. and III. 3. Gal IV. 19. Heb. II. 14. 1 Pet. II. 2. See Esay LIII 10. So that these words are not to be understood of the temporal Nativity of Christ from the Virgin or his eternal generation from the Father as some do but of his active spiritual generation of his children the subjects of his Kingdome The Lord hath sworne The Vocation of Christ to his Office of verse 4 Priesthood Jehovah is the Author of it hath sworne Jehovah swears to confirme matters of greatest moment when and where his wisdome pleaseth And upon this point here of Christs eternal Priesthood mans salvation dependeth He swears by himself though that is not here expressed because he hath no greater to swear by Heb. VI. 13 16. Gen. XXII 16. And so by his life Esay XLIX 18. by his soul Jer. LI. 24. by his right-hand and the arme of his strength Esay LXII 8. The result of all which is the same with himself And implying thereby thus much Let me not be accounted what I am namely God the living God the omnipotent God if that which I speak be not true or my promises or threatnings do faile of performance Of Oaths See the Observations on Jer. LI. 14. and my Annotations on Hos. IV. 15. and will not repent Will not change or retract what he hath sworne Num. XXIII 19. James I. 17. Repenting is sometimes ascribed to God as Gen. VI. 6 7. Psal. CVI. 45. 1 Sam. XV. 11. 35. Not that there is any change of minde of will in God as there is in mans repenting But the change is in the work God eternally and unchangably decreeing both as to do the thing so again to change it upon mans repentance or disobedience Jer. XXVI 3 13 19. Of this see more in the Observations on Jer. XV. 6. In all this God condescends to mans weaknesse Heb. VI. 17 18. Shewes the greatnesse and excellency of the thing here avowed that the Lord Christ was lawfully Called and Ordained to be an eternal Priest for us and our salvation for our greater confirmation and consolation herein Thou art The Lord Christ well knew this and could not doubt of the will of the Father herein What then needed this Oath to be made unto him Answ. It was made to him for the use of his Church that his Church might know and be assured of it As that John XI 42. art God saying is as much as doing a Preist So Gen. XIV 18. Heb. VII 1. Melchizedec in type Christ in truth the Antitype The Priests office was to Teach Pray and Sacrifice The High Priest among the Jewes once a year entred into the most Holy place Yet he in all things was not an absolute and sufficient Type of our High Priest Christ the Lord. For he is an eternal High Priest and both King and Priest and his Sacrifice of another nature and himself of another Tribe for ever Not so the Priests after the order of Aaron Heb. VII 23. 34 and chap. IX 12. after the order Or similitude Heb. V. 6. and chap. VII 15. of Melchizedec Much question who this Melchizedec was He was not the Sonne of God himself our Lord and Christ. Very many take him to be Sem the Sonne of Noah who saw both worlds before and after the Flood and lived to the one hundred and fiftieth year of the age of Abraham Yet because Sems genealogie is exactly set down in Scripture and that the Levitical Priests themselves came from him after sundry descents and the Land of Canaan seems not to be Sems habitation which took its name from his younger brother Cham or from Chams sonne Canaan Neither would Abraham so long have forborne his due respects and visitation of Sem in Canaan if Sem had lived there Therefore divers learned men take this Melchizedec to be rather some eminent man in Canaan raised up by God in those corrupt times both good and godly both King and Priest living in Salem after called Jerusalem whose King in Joshuahs time was called Adoni-Zedeck that is Lord of righteousnesse Josh. X. 1. As this man here is called Melchizedec that is King of righteousnesse By which place or near to it Abraham in his returne from this warre and victory was to passe Of this Melchizedec and his Priesthood and the difference of it from Aarons Priesthood the Apostle to the Hebrews chap VII entreateth at large and observeth divers things his Name and Title his greatnesse in that he blessed Abraham and received Tythes of Abraham his being mentioned in Scripture without any Pedegree without father without mother without descent having neither beginning of dayes nor end of life All these he had as our Saviour himself had them but none of them recorded or registred in the Scripture that he might so become a Type of the eternity of Christs Person and Priesthood verse 3. The Apostle further observeth his Offices that he was both King and Priest and that our Saviour was made such with an oath of God the Father and a Priest of a better Priesthood Covenant and Commandment and that he was made not after the Law of a carnal commandement having carnal successors in his Priesthood but after the power of an endlesse life consecrated for evermore having an eternal Priesthood and unchangeable continuing ever and living ever to make intercession and by his one offering up himself once for all saving them to the uttermost that come to God by him In all which there are manifold resemblances between Christ and Melchizedec and manifold differences between theirs and the Aaronical Priesthood As for those fond and forced dreams of the Papist That Melchizedec offered up to God the sacrifice of bread and wine And therein was a Type and Figure of their sacrifice of the Masse And that thereupon Christ our Lord is said to be a Priest after the order of Melchizedec These may well befal to them who for want of the love of the truth are given up to beleeve lies but are too weak poor and silly for us to trouble our selves withal The Lord at thy right hand The prophesie of Christ the Lord his administration of his Kingly Office verse 5 in this and the next verse The Lord God the Father who will make thine enemies thy footstoole
could descry And for him to relate what himself in Vision had seene as chap. VI. 1. For this seemes to be done in a Vision as that 1 Kings XXII 17 19 22. â—earkened diligently with much heed A through watch-master verse 7 A Lion Viz. leads them Or rather verse 8 he cried loud as a Lion by his hideous noise expressing much fear and terror my Lord I stand That watchmans words professing his constant vigilancie here cometh Even now are gone into Babylon verse 9 speaking as a thing suddenly done the issue of what he had hitherto so vigilantly expected Babylon is fallen God himself expounding more fully to the Prophet what this apparition all tended to O my threshing My threshed ones verse 10 saith the Prophet my afflicted ones though not by me that which I have heard Foreseene and foreshewed is no dreame or relation of my own devising but what by revelation I have received from God As 1 Cor. XI 23. Dumah In Arabia say some Edome say others Another Prophecie verse 11 short and sharp obscure and difficult wrapt up in two verses He calleth to me out of Seir Seir so called from Seir the Horite Gen. XXXVI 20. in whose race it continued untill the Edomites or posterity of Esau thence expelled them Deut. II. 12. Watchman what of the night Either in a scoffing way Or rather implying a distracting and hazardous condition of those by whom they were uttered unto whomsoever they were directed What of the night or in the night Or concerning the night hast thou seene and observed The night of black affliction that at the present lay heavie upon them they seeme to enquire of The watchman said As by Divine Oracle verse 12 The morning cometh either a faire morning as ye suppose having shaken off that yoake wherewith Jacobs issue kept you under Gen. XXVII 40. Yet this faire morning should not last long In issue this morning should be such a morning as shall afford you no light or comfort at all and also the night Cometh A night of calamitie and misery will by the Assyrians ere long seize upon you worse then the Israelitish yoak And this as sure as night succeedeth day If ye will enquire Not scoffingly but seriously do it then with all earnest eager and ardent inquisition returne come Returne to God Come to his People upon Arabia Another Prophecie verse 13 Of Arabia see the Annotations here They did wander up and down and did pitch in tents chap. XIII 20. The Arabians were neere the Egyptians 2 Chron XXI 16. Mount Sinai was in it Gal. IV. 25. Paul went into it Gal. I. 17. Solomon had yearly gold from all the Kings of it 1 Kings X. 15. They traded with Tyre in Lambs and Rams and Goats Ezek. XXVII 21. They brought Jehoshaphat presents flocks 7700. Rams and 7700. He Goats 2 Chron. XVII 11. But they rose up against his sonne Jehoram in battel and their camp slew all his eldest sonnes save onely the youngest 2 Chron. XXI 16. and XXII 1. In Uzziah's time God helped him against them 2 Chron. XXVI 7. Nebuchadnezzar subdued them Jer. XXV 24. Yet afterwards in Nehemiah's time they eagerly endeavoured to hinder him in the building of the walls of Jerusalem Neh. II. 19. and IV. 7 8. In the forrest Leaving their abode in the champion they should be driven to seek shelter in the Woods See Jer. XLIX 28 29. O ye travelling companies of Dedanim A people of Arabia descended from Dedan one of Abrahams sonnes by Keturah Gen. XXV 3. These travelling companies are like those Gen. XXXVII 25 28. We now call them Caravans Tema Another people of Arabia verse 14 of Ismaels race Gen. XXV 15. Arabia had in it a mingled people See Jer. XXV 23 24. Job VI. 19. This intimated unto the Temanites what distresse their Countreymen of other parts of Arabia should be brought unto For they fled It was no groundlesse feare that makes them flee thus verse 15 within a yeare A shorter time that assigned to the Moabites verse 16 chap. XVI 14. Or that to the Egyptians and Ethiopians joyntly together chap. XX. 3. the Assyrian falling in upon these parts of Arabia before those other of the other Countries an hireling Which reckons his year accurately Kedar The sonne of Ishmael Gen. XXV 13. Another people of Arabia They and their Princes also occupied with Tyre in Lambs and Rams and Goats Ezek. XXVII 21. They also dwelled in tents and therefore called Scenites which they were wont to remove from place to place to procure change of pasture for their cattel See Psal. CXX 5. Cant. I. 5. Nebuchadnezzar did smite them Jer. XLIX 28. Yet in the dayes of the Gospel they should be converted unto Christ Esay XLII 11. and chap. LX. 7. valley of Vision Judah chapter XXII verse 1 and Jerusalem ver 4 8 10. Ierusalem and Iudea were full of mountains and consequently of Valleys And the Patriarchs and Prophets had therein many Visions from God What aileth thee now In this distresse by Sennacherib in the dayes of Ezekiah Rather then that by Nebuchadnezzar house tops To lament or look about for help c. not slaine with the sword But verse 2 as it were stark dead with fear ere they came to any fight they are bound by the archers Or verse 3 from the bowe Their hands are so restrained and tied up with extremity of fear that they are not able to manage and make use of their bowes Or they are bound and captived by the archers of the enemies of crying to the mountains So loud verse 5 as will cause the mountains to ring againe with it Or so making to the mountains for shelter and safeguard Elam Under the Assyrian verse 6 fighting in his army Kir A Citie in Media and under the dominion then of the Assyrian 2 Kings XVI 9. Amos I. 5. thou didst look About thee verse 8 and bestir thee in that day When the Countrey was full of forreigne forces to the house of the forrest The name of an armory situate within Jerusalem Most likely that which Solomon built and called the house of the forrest of Lebanon 1 Kings VII 2. See the Observations there of the lower poole See the Observations on Neh. verse 9 III. 1. between the two walls See 2 Chron. XXXII 5. Jer. XXXIX 4. for to morrow we shall die Either desperately verse 13 or rather thus mocking the threatnings of the Prophets revealed The Lord of Hoasts did in my hearing reveale himself verse 14 saying c. Shebna He was a rotten-hearted man and one that had much abused his power verse 15 being in likelihood of meane parentage and it may be a stranger by descent See ver 16. and chap. XXXVI 3. He is called the Scribe or Secretarie 2 Kings XVIII 18. Here over the house as high Steward Wherein Eliakim succeeded He was one of the three sent out to Rabshake and will surely cover thee With shame and sorrow verse 17 As Ester
all his might So shall the Lord in powerful maner reach and smite his enemies on either side Zech. V. 3. thy walls The walls of Moab ver verse 12 11. this Song A large Song of purpose penned in this set forme chapter XXVI verse 1 by Esay for Gods people then to be made use of what time these foresaid benefits should betide them For in the Lord Jehovah Heb. verse 4 Jah Iehovah See the Observations on Psal. LXVIII 4. Both used distinctly Psal. CXXXV 1. Iehovah the usual name c. the feet of the poore He setteth up his poore formerly afflicted ones verse 9 over the power of their proud oppressors Thou most upright Esay directeth his speech unto God verse 7 and so runneth on in the greatest part of that which followeth relating therein the various passages of his Providence and acknowledging his goodnesse in going along with them for his people and in due time giving a good issue of them will learne Or should learne verse 6 for their envie at the people Their envious and spightful carriage towards Gods people verse 11 Or thy zeale and ardent affection which thou bearest towards thy people and in behalf of them against those that oppose them yea the fire of thine enemies The fire prepared for thine enemies the fire whereof they are the object Lord Esay speaks still in the person of Gods people verse 12 all our works Those gracious protections and strange deliverances to God alone they ascribe them all our works not done by us but for us in us Heb. unto us to our hand or for us They are dead God 's dealing with other people and persons verse 14 irrecoverably destroying them Thou hast increased the Nation He deales otherwise with his owne people verse 15 ver 19. though he variously afflict and chastise them we have not wrought any deliverance in the earth By all their devices verse 18 and designes they were not able to compasse or accomplish ought for the succour or safeguard of them and their Countrey Thy dead men In opposition to that ver 14. Thus Gods people relate their faith and confidence in God even in the midst of their deepest miseries Alluding haply herein to the general resurrection at the last day my dead body In this restitution and National resurrection of the Jewish people no one of them shall faile to have his share in the same Come my people Esay having ended his Song verse 20 adviseth Gods people to hide and shelter themselves under Gods protection till the storme of Gods foresaid general indignation be overpast In that day Justice shall be done upon those chapter XXVII verse 1 be they never so great that have been the murtherers and oppressors of Gods people even Leviathan that crooked Serpent Collectively taken not of any one particular person alone but of sundry great Tyrants that had been principal oppressors of Gods people ch XXVI 13. In that day When the potent adversaries of Gods people shall be destroyed verse 2 and Gods people by the former afflictions and chastisements pruned and purged Fury is not in me No implacable fury towards mine verse 4 as it is towards mine and my Churches enemies I am towards my people reconcileable Jer. III. 1. Who would set the briars Sinners set against me in their strength should by me be soone consumed Or let him So much rather let the Sinner do verse 5 He shall cause them The blessing and benefit upon such as should so make peace with him verse 6 Hath he smitten him as Not so verse 7 He deales better in his chastisements of his people In measure Not over-roughly verse 8 but accordingly as he enables them to beare Jer. XXX 11. 1 Cor. X. 13. Psal. LXXVIII 38. when he maketh all the stones of the Altar When Jacob verse 9 by his repentance shall abolish all monuments and reliques of his idolatry yet the defenced Citie But Gods dealing with his enemies shall be as followeth in this verse 10 and the next verse even without mixture of mercy in that day Esay verse 12 after his wonted maner Concludes this long Sermon with a gracious promise of Gods restitution of his people after the maine body of the obstinate wicked were by his judgements destroyed from among them and the residue reformed the Lord shall beat off Sever his dispersed people from the Nations among whom they remained to gather them to him and his worship the great trumpet Cyrus his Proclamation verse 13 Ezra I. 1 2. Woe chapter XXVIII verse 1 Another Sermon or Prophecie Ephraim Describes them as men drunk with pride and prosperity and drowned in sensuality Thus were the ten Tribes whereof Ephraim was the head fat valleys Under the mountaine of Samaria verse 2 and strong one Salmanezer with the hand By maine might unto the residue of his people To Judah verse 5 to the gate Of the enemie verse 6 beat them thither But they Even they of Judah verse 7 whom God vouchsafeth these favours unto yet take the same evil courses with Ephraim Whom shall he teach Their sensuality and and riotous excesse verse 9 made them sottish and unteachable Precept upon precept Yet all to as little purpose to them verse 10 as if it were done to a new wearied infant another tongue They no more reaped fruit from ought spoken to them verse 11 then if it had been spoken in a strange tongue utterly unknown to them See 1 Cor. XIV 21. he said God by his Prophets verse 12 This is the rest The only means to procure rest and refreshing But the word of the Lord Through their obstinacie verse 13 and Gods judgement thereupon scornful men Verse 15. 2 Pet. 2 3. verse 14 are we at agreement We have made provision for our safety verse 15 ver 18. come unto us Or at us I lay in Zion For the stay of the minds and hearts of the faithful ones verse 16 in the midst of all the ensuing judgements God maketh this provision for them to rest and build upon a precious corner stone Jesus Christ Psal. CXVIII 22. Matth. XXI 42. Acts IV. 11. 1 Pet. I. 4. shall not make haste But with patience wait and expect Rom. IX 33. the Apostle in his quotation renders it shall not be abashed or confounded regarding not the words but the matter Or having an eye to this text and that also ch XLIX 23. As in the former part of that quotation he joyneth two places together ch VIII 14. and XXVIII 16. lay to the line God will in an exact and precise way of justice proceed against those sensual verse 17 secure and scornful wretches A metaphor taken from Carpenters For the bed They should be in such straits and distresses verse 20 as all their wiles and shifts should not be able either to secure or sucour them in as in mount Perazim 2 Sam. V. 20. See the like verse 21 ch X. 26. and XIII 19. Valley of Gibeon Either that 2 Sam. V.
25. Or that Josh. X. 10. his strange work His dismal judgement and that upon his owne people grown to such an extreme height of sin and obstinacie Strange in it self strange to God to deale so with the body of his own people lest your bands Lest God tie them up the shorter for it verse 22 a consumption Of such of you as so continue through the whole land Doth the ploughman He doth not alwayes insist upon one piece of verse 24 his work And so God will not alwayes and only be menacing Another Sermon seemes to begin and to continue ch XXX and XXXI Woe A sad prophesie against Jerusalem chapter XXIX verse 1 and the Temple and consequently the whole State of the Jewes to Ariel The word signifies a Lion of God Hereby is meant the brazen Altar so called Ezek. XLIII 15 16. and called Gods furnace or chimney ch XXXI 9. the Citie Or of Or in Or and to the Citie adde ye year to year Cause feastival sacrifices still to be slaine and it shall be unto me as Ariel The whole Citie shall be as an Ariel all on a light fire verse 2 all full of gore blood and dead bodies of men slaughtered after the surprisal of it And I will camp Bring an enemy to do it verse 3 verse 8. my self commanding them as in chief This enemy may be understood both of the Assyrian Sennacherib and the Babylonian Nebuchadnezzar of thy strangers All thy help 's from abroad verse 5 or at home with thunder In a most dreadful and direful maner verse 6 As when an hungry man Sets out the appetite verse 8 the eagernesse and unsatiablenesse of the enemies cruelty and thirst after blood and wonder At the strange stupidity of the body of the people verse 9 that regarded not what had been threatned the Lord hath powred Verse 14. verse 10 See the Observations on ch VI. 10. See ch XIX 14. And the Apostles allegation of this text Rom. XI 8. draw near me with their mouth Matth. XV. 3 8 9. verse 13 deep to hide Hide deep verse 15 from the Lord for him to be able to discerne and discover Thus these scoffing States-men conceived of their own contrivances their wiles and shifts for themselves and derided all that the Prophets spake as the potters clay Lieth as open to his eye verse 16 and as easie for him to mould or marre Is it not yet c. This seemes rather a Promise verse 17 then a Commination chap. XXXII 15. That great should be the fruitfulnesse of the Land upon the restitution of their State either after the Assyrian devastation or after the Babylonian deportation shall the deaf hear Esay here verse 18 after his usual maner beginneth to close up his Sermon with matter of comfort and gracious promises fulfilled partly in those times but chiefly in the Kingdome of the Messias The Promises concerne the illumination of the minde in this verse the joy of the godly verse 19. the confusion of those that wronged them verse 20 21. the vindication from shame and fear and the propagation and enlargement of the Church by accesse of many Proselites verse 22 23 24. In this and the next Chapter Esay principaly bends himself against those that sought and trusted to forreigne helps and succours and not to God Zoan This chapter XXX verse 4 and Hanes otherwise called Tahapanes and Tahpanhes were famous Cities in Egypt Thither they sent for help against the Assyrian and after against the Babylonian The burden of the beasts of the South The burden that the beasts of the Jewes were to carry Southward into Egypt verse 6 either to secure their treasures there or to procure aid thence from whence come the young and the old Lion The way thither so dangerous And the Egyptians themselves should prove such and so dangerous to the Jewes write it before them in a table Or write this prophesie on a table verse 8 that it may be with them to witnesse against them hereafter And therefore Having reference to what followes verse 18 Or Notwithstanding if it relate to the premises Will the Lord wait Here is matter of comfort concerning the deliverance and restitution of Gods people ver 18 26. And the destruction of the Assyrian their enemie ver 27 33. and thine eares Not as before verse 21 ver 10 11. Get thee hence As Matth. IV. 10. verse 22 and ch XVI 23. great slaughter Of Sennacheribs camp verse 25 towers fall His great ones and Princes in state and place as the light of seven dayes Put all in one verse 26 So great then should their joy be burning with his anger The destruction of Sennacherib verse 27 and his forces And the great joy that Gods people should have thereupon With the same are divers Chapters and Sermons concluded as ch X. 33 34. and XIV 24 25. and XVII 12 14. and XXXI 8 9. and XXXIII 13 14. the Nations That served under Sennacherib verse 28 causing them to erre And wander to and fro to make what haste they could into their own Countrey again as in the night Of their holy Festivals verse 29 Some solemne night-wakes they used to have before or after the day of their Feastivals goeth with a pipe With musick in the way going up to Gods House to cheere up themselves the journey being sometimes long scattering and tempest and hailstones It may seeme that together with the Angel smiting verse 30 there was an horrible and hideous tempest wherewith the Assyrians were surprized And thus also it is by some deemed that God disturbed the Egyptian at the red-sea with a storme like this described Assyrian Sennacherib verse 31 Tophet See the Observations on 2 Kings XXIII 10. verse 33 for the King His forces wherein he suffered or those Kings that served under Sennacherib yea his Commanders he counted as Kings ch X. 8. 33. For himself his Temple was his Topheth chapter XXXVII ver 38. This Chapter is of the same subject with the former for help Against the Assyrians chapter XXXI verse 1 chap. XXX 6 7. and XXXVI 8. As after in processe of time against the Chaldeans Jer. XXXVII 5. and XLIII 5 6 7. For thus Here beginneth the Comfortable part of this Prophecie verse 4 to fight for mount Zion Farre higher mounts incircled it As birds flying And fluttering about their nests verse 5 to defend their young ones in what they may so God in all affection and sedulity will defend Jerusalem and those that trust in him Turne ye unto him And so should they partake of the promised protection verse 6 children of Israel Meaning here Judah deeply revolted Hos. V. 2. and IX 9. cast away his idols Wherein they trusted for help verse 7 ch II. 20. fall with the sword Not of a man verse 8 but of an Angel flee As he did ch XXXVII 37. strong hold To Nineveh afraid of the Ensigne That God by his Angel had lifted up in the slaughter of their fellowes
whose fire is in Zion Kept on his Altar there ever burning Or rather fire to burne up the enemies of him his worship his people a King Ezekiah chapter XXXII verse 1 Yet a type of Christ as before him David Ezek XXXIV 24. Shall reigne Hence some suppose this Prophecie to have been delivered in Ahaz his dayes Some in Hezekiahs concerning his religigious and righteous government of his people specialy after the overthrow of Sennacherib and his recovery out of his sicknesse Princes Under Hezekiah And a man Each one under him verse 2 in a weary land Where men are weary of travelling through heat and drought not be dim Or closed as those ch XXIX 10. and VI. 9. Not look another way verse 3 from God unto Idols from the light of Gods Word and his judgements conspicuously manifested unto them not wilfully shut their eyes or turne them aside from them as those chap. XXVI 11. Shall hearken Not refuse to hear as formerly chap. XXVIII 9 13. and XLVIII 18. but hearkeu diligently as chap. XXI 7. and XXIX 18. and XXX 21. and XXXV 5. stammerers That did but stammer before at any good and religious speech verse 4 shall now manifest the inward alteration and change of their hearts by their ready religious speaking the language of Canaan that which may minister grace and edification to the hearers no more called liberal They shall no more call vice verse 5 vertue evil good but they shall in singlenesse of soul call sinne sinne a spade a spade For the vile person His description verse 6 Churle His description verse 7 Liberal His description verse 8 The drift seemes to be this That in Hezekiah's reigne base-minded and evil-affected persons should not be now raised and advanced unto places of honour and authority as in his father Ahaz his time too many had been and too likely base and wicked Shebna But now only worthy men Rise up Esay here returnes to speak of those troubles that were to come verse 9 before the establishment of the State in maner before described ye women The Court-Ladies especialy that were faulty as the men and the more secure and carelesse as lesse fore-seeing dangers to come and yet must suffer in them alike though lesse able to bear them then the men Therefore Esay rouzeth up them and by them the men Many dayes and years Heb. Many dayes above a year verse 10 Some use the translation in the text and apply it to the LXX years in the Babylonish captivity Others rather use the marginal reading and apply it to a just and exact limitation of that calamitous time of almost two years whiles the Assyrian abode in the land For full two years he could not be there considering he came in in the fourteenth year of Hezekiah 2 Kings XVIII 13. And afterwards Hezekiahs life was prolonged fifteen years chap. XXXVIII 5. And he reigned but 29. in all 2 Kings XVIII 2. for the teats Which were to them as teats verse 12 Some translate There shall be beating upon the breasts Nahum II. 7. shall come up thornes Esay seemes here to passe from that short invasion of the Assyrian verse 13 to that greater and longer of the Chaldean Nebuchadnezzar As if he should say I am now farther to acquaint you with this later and which is far worse every way and of a far longer continuance in this and the next verse for ever a long time about seventy years Of ever see the Observations on Deut. XV. 17. Vntill the Spirit Esay concludes verse 15 as usualy with gracious Promises This promise may extend also to the time of the Messias when it shall haile coming down on the forrest God will preserve the fruits of the earth for them verse 19 that they shall not with storme and tempest be destroyed and the Citie shall be low in a low place Though the Cities built there yet shall be there secure verse 18. even though say some it haile never so much and Cities be brought never so low Blessed are ye Gods blessing on their husbandry and labours verse 20 Appliable to Gods spiritual husbandry in the Ministery of the Gospel This Chapter seemes to begin another Sermon chapter XXXIII continued on in the two next Chapters And in the whole Sermon Esay mainly insists upon the destruction of the enemies of Gods people and upon their defence and deliverance their priviledges and joyful flourishing estate thereupon ensuing and opposed thereunto This Chapter is much of the same nature and subject with the former Chapter Woe to thee Nebuchadnezzar or rather Sennacherib ver 8. verse 1 they shall deale treacherously with thee This may relate to Sennacheribs two sons slaying their father ch XXXVII 38. O Lord The Prayer of the faithful in time of trouble verse 2 At the noise This is in way of answer to the former Prayer verse 3 fled As the maner of the Prophets is to speak of things future as past So it came to passe in the Assyrian Camp your spoils Speaking to the Assyrians verse 4 shall he run upon them The Jew pillaging the Assyrian camp of thy times O Hezekiah verse 6 their valient ones shall cry Shew the disttesse of Gods people verse 7 the Jewes should be in the Ambassadors Sent with presents to Sennacherib 2 Kings XVIII 14. Or those sent out to Rabshakeh ch XXXVI 3. He hath broken the Covenant Sennacherib did so verse 8 2 Kings XVIII 14 17. Now will I arise To help and deliver my people verse 10 in this extremity ye shall conceive chaffe The Assyrians verse 11 as the burnings of lime Describes that fatal blow in the Assyrian Camp verse 12 The sinners in Zion are afraid Terrified with this dreadful execution done upon the Assyrians verse 14 and complaining and fearing lest the like vengeance might light also upon them as they knew they deserved it As Num. XVI 34. with devouring fire With God who is a consuming fire He that walketh The Prophets answer verse 15 Thine eyes shall see the King A further blessing that such should enjoy verse 17 the sight of their King and State settled in prosperity and glory the land that is very far off Liberty to travel abroad in safety unto the remotest parts of the land without danger or disturbance Or as some remote lands subdued by the King Where is the Scribe So now taunting Sennacherib verse 18 and his Officers in the Camp 1 Cor. I. 20. either minds not this Text or alludes only to the phrase in it not see For they shall be slaine verse 19 or flee Look upon Zion See how safe verse 20 and whole it is No galley Of any enemie shall be able with help of winde and oars verse 21 to get up to it to annoy it Thy tacklings Speaking to the Assyrians verse 23 the inhabitant Of Jerusalem forgiven their iniquity Being refined by their chastisements verse 24 and reformed and so God reconciled to them This Chapter chapter XXXIV for the
from the enemies verse 8 undertaking to secure them and make them successeful against all that should oppose them whom I have taken Abram from Ur of the Chaldees verse 9. 15. Sharp threshing instrument To thresh the mountains even thy greatest enemies I will open rivers Rather then my people shall want meanes of comfortable subsistance verse 18 the Cedar verse 19 c. God will by his providence and provision so accommodate them as if such things had been done Produce your cause God challengeth the Idolaters to produce the strongest pleas they can verse 21 in the behalf of their Idols and to prove the truth of their religion by producing the like works foretold first and effected afterwards by their Idols to those of his before mentioned when they shall see them accomplished and withal so long foretold from the North Cyrus verse 25 who was a Medo-Persian Media lying more Northerly and Persia more Easterly ver 2. He brought people and forces from both parts against Babylon shall he call upon my Name Or proclaime my name Ezra I. 1 2. who hath declared Which of your Idols verse 26 from the beginning Of old time near two hundred years before it shall come to passe he is righteous That so he may be rightly called a God The first shall say Or verse 27 I say first to Zion I am the first that signified ought to Zion concerning her deliverance or the destruction of Babylon and the persons by whom these should be effected which none of your Idols could do ver 26. amongst them Their Idols verse 28. 29. all vanity The conclusion of and against their Idols Another Sermon chapter XLII in this and the three Chapters following which are much of one Subject with the former Foretelling the Blessings that God would confer upon his people partly by Cyrus and principaly by Christ Discovering the vanity of Idols and sottishnesse of Idolaters Taxing his people for their incredulity blindnesse excesses and obstinacie the causes of their captivity and yet Promising pardon and restitution upon their sincere repentance my servant Christ the Messias verse 1 Matth. XII 14 18 19 20. Some weakly and in a low degree make also application of this and what follows to Cyrus in some sort herein as a Type of Christ. thee My Sonne verse 6. 8. the Messias neither my praise to graven Images By my failings in my Predictions and promises of the rock sing Of Petra verse 11. 13. the chief Citie of Arabia chap. XVI 1. The Lord shall go forth To warre against the enemies of his people I have The words of God himself verse 14 He long restrained his wrath but now will hasten the execution of it and lay desolate the whole Countrey of Chaldea and of those that were adjacent and adjutant to it the rivers Islands It was so done by Cyrus verse 15 in the siege of Babylon And I will bring the blinde Partly true verse 16 in the returne of the Jewes out of the Babylonish Captivity more true spiritualy in the Conversion of Jew and Gentile to grace in the Kingdome of Christ under the Gospel Hear ye deaf Jewes verse 18 of whom many still continued such notwithstanding all that God had said and done and they had heard and seene who is blinde A reason why he gave his own people those titles verse 19 ver 18. because they deserved them as well yea rather then any other as he that is perfect Should be so and hath best means to be so opening the eares In shew at least verse 20. 21. listening he will magnifie his Law He is pleased to magnifie his Law as well by execution of justice upon the transgressors of it as by making good his Promises unto those that observe it Or he magnified and dignified him with his Law But this is a people After all those favours and honours conferred upon them verse 22 yet see what calamities and miseries are befallen them for their sins will give eare to this To amend verse 23 and grow wiser for time to come laid it not to heart Their extreme stupidity verse 25 even in their present afflictions But now though a great part of my people continue still thus obstinate and impenitent chapter XLVIII verse 1 yet I will have care of my chosen ones among them whom I will protect in all dangers and in due time restore I gave Egypt for thy ransom Exod. verse 3 XIV 20 38. and XV. 9 10. Ethiopia and Seba for thee 2 Chron. XIV 9 15. bring thy seed by Cyrus temporaly verse 5. 8. by Christ spiritualy Bring forth the blinde people challenging the Gentiles who were blinde and deaf as their idols to see if they can yet produce ought in defence of their idols ver 9. who among them which of their idols could foretel those verse 9 or the like things It is truth that the Lord alone is the true God and they all but base idols ye are my witnesses ye my people verse 10 speaking thus to them that had plentiful and pregnant proofs of his divine power and providence and my servant the Messias and in some degree Cyrus that I am he the onely true God ver 12. whose cry is in the ships verse 14 They wanting water by Cyrus his draynings to carry them in their flight away Or they cry to the ships to the ships for safety as chap XXII 5. to the hils to the hils Yet some translate thus the Chaldeans together with their choise ships which they vaunt of which maketh a way in the sea Red-Sea verse 16. 17. and Jordan Chariot Pharaoh and his armie they shall lie together In the bottome of the Sea Exod. XV. 10. Remember ye not the fermer things in comparison of the New verse 18 the deliverance by Cyrus but principaly and spiritualy by Christ. I will even make a way I will fit verse 19 and furnish them in the way as they shall returne from Babylon they shall shew forth my praise Or at least should verse 21 It was their duty But thou Hast not beene so careful to worship me verse 22 But hast been weary of me and my service me But Idols verse 23 and strange gods I have not caused thee Not I but thine Idols have made thee at so much cost with them tyring thee out as a slave to them with such services But thou hast Hitherto of their Failings verse 24 now of their Faults And all this to shew that the deliverance of them from their thraldome was of his own free favour and mercie not for any merit of desert of theirs as in the two next verses Thy first father Or forefathers verse 27 and not you alone have sinned And therefore no cause in your selves or them why I should do you so great a favour as this is yet now Notwithstanding all their sinnes chapter XLVI verse 1 and his judgements and chastisements yet he would now at length relieve and refresh them restore them and cause
like fathers unto the sins of the fathers also either enhauncing or lengthening the judgements to make their sufferings the more exemplarie that men may observe how execution of vengeance though delayed for a time yet at length falleth with a full storme on the race of the wicked 1 Sam. III. 12. Lam. V. 7. Matth. XXIII 32 35 36. 1 Thes. II. 15 16. a blessing in it The little liquor in the cluster argued life and sap to be in the plant verse 8 and so hope of recovery to become fruitful againe not destroy them all A Remnant still reserved and saved ver 9. for the propagating of the Church Jer. XXX 11. Amos. IX 8. Sharon Under Libanus verse 10 1 Chron. XXVII 29. valley of Achor Neere Jericho that prepare a table for that troope Feasts verse 11 for their troope of idols pointed at as it were with the finger in contempt by the Prophet here Some by this troope understand the hoast of heaven Some one particular Star as Jupiter that furnish the drink-offering Heb. that fill mixture i. e. wine Apoc. XIV 10. Psal. LXXV 8. Prov. IX 2. strong wine is in these places meant without mixture of water For they would not offer such to their Idols though in their ordinary drinking they did mix it for themselves behold A strange alteration verse 13 four times repeated by another name Verse 16. verse 15 chap. LXII 2 4 12. as being in another state and condition then you or they formerly Such a name as should be used not in Cursing but in Blessing See Hos. I. 6 9. and II. 1 23. Rom IX 26. 1 Pet. II. 10. I create new heavens A further more strange alteration verse 17 Make as it were a new world Their change shall be such that coming suddenly out of such adversity into such prosperity they shall seeme to be in a new in another world But this is chiefly applyable to the times of the Gospel under Christ in a spiritual sense in regard of those plentiful endowments of spiritual graces that therein should abound John I. 16 17 Acts II. 17 33. Heb. IX 9 12. And hereunto is this change applied chap. LXVI 22. 2 Cor. V. 17. begun here to be perfected in heaven 2 Pet. III. 13. Apoc. XXI 1 5. and the former Jer. III. 16. 1 Cor. II. 9. 2 Cor. III. 7 10. But be ye glad Gods speech verse 18 as chap. III. 10. and XXX 10. the childe He that was once a childe verse 20 None among them young or old should be taken away by untimely death but should live to the utmost course of nature wont usualy to be attained verse 22. but the sinner Such among them as remained still unreformed unrefined unreclaimed though he live never so long shall at length prove a cursed wretch as the dayes of a tree As the Oake verse 22 and Elme before they call Chap. LVIII verse 24 9. Psal. XXXII 5. Dan. X. 12. and IX 20 23. Luke XV. 18 20. Acts X. 44. and XI 15. John XIV 13 14. and XV. 7 16. and XVI 23 24 26. The wolf and the lamb Such as had beene of a wolvish disposition formerly verse 25 should now be thus transformed All shall be harmlesse ch XI 6 9. Another Sermon chapter LXVI like the former and that as in matter so also in many expressions agreeing with it The heaven in my throne Cited Acts VII verse 1 48 49 50. See Psalme CIII 19. Matth. V. 34. where is the House That ye have or should or can build unto me when as I fill heaven and earth with my presence Jer. XXIII 24 See 1 Kings VIII 27. Acts XVII 14 25. And this is to take off their minds from the Temple of Jerusalem wherein they over-much trusted and gloried Jer. VII 4. place of my rest Psal. CXXXII 8 14. Not but that he can well be without them as he was also before they were He needs no house to receive him nor service of man to be done to him Psal. XVI 2. and L. 10 11. He needs not these things as their idols do contrite spirit John IV. verse 2 21 23 24. God looks to him more then to his material Temple Psal. XXXIV 18. and CXXXVIII 6. He that killeth an Oxe For sacrifice verse 3 As in the Temple so in their Sacrifices the Jewes much confided and boasted 2 Chron. XIII 10 11. But when they rested in these outward things and exercises without any grace and goodnesse in the soul and with much filthinesse and wickednesse in their hearts and lives God loaths their persons and their sacrifices chap. I. 11 14. Prov. XV. 8. and XXI 27. Jer. VI. 20. and VII 21 22 23. Amos V. 21 22 23. Micah VI. 6 7. Ezek. XX. 39. blessed an idol With a Present or oblation Gen. XXXIII 10. and XLIII 11. I also will choose An implication of a Retaliation verse 4 As chap. LXV 12. Levit. XXVI 27 28. Psal. XVIII 26. Jer. XXXIV 17. their delusions Passively or objectively their illusions or mockages that they shall be exposed and subject unto As they have made choice of such wayes and courses as please not me so will I make choice of such things for them as they shall finde small pleasure in their fears Prov. X. 24. that cast you out Either by unjust Censure under pretence of a legal proceeding verse 5 or that shun you as persons so polluted and defiled that there is no dealing with you without being defiled by you See John IX 34. and XVI 2. See chap. LXV 5. Lam. IV. 15. Niddui a word of this root is the lowest degree of Excommunication in the Jewish Church for my Names sake For your loyalty to me As Matth. X. 22. Let the Lord be glorified Spoken in way of derision Let him manifest his might and majesty in doing some remarkable matter for you if ye be so dear to him as ye deeme your selves to be Thus jearing their trust and confidence in God As chap. V. 19. Psal. XXII 7 8. Matth. XXVII 43. 2 Pet. III. 3 4. but he shall appear The answer to that jear A voice Esay breaks out into these words verse 6 as if in a Prophetical rapture he heard the noise and voice Like that chap. XIII 4. Jer. L. 22 28. and LI. 54. A voice of noise of the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple by the Chaldeans or by the Romanes from the Temple To control their vaine confidence in it as implying how little relief or safeguard they should then receive from it Lam. II. 20. to his enemies Most likely the obstinately wicked amongst the Jewes verse V. 14. chap. LXV 6 7 and I. 24. Before she travelled A prophecie of the strange sudden verse 7 and unexpected restitution of the Church and the dilatation of it into all parts This may relate to the delivery out of Babylon by Cyrus done at an instant by his Proclamation not with so much ado as that was out of Egypt Here Zion is like the Hebrew