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A05312 An herbal for the Bible Containing a plaine and familiar exposition of such similitudes, parables, and metaphors, both in the olde Testament and the newe, as are borrowed and taken from herbs, plants, trees, fruits and simples, by obseruation of their vertues, qualities, natures, properties, operations, and effects: and by the holie prophets, sacred writers, Christ himselfe, and his blessed Apostles vsually alledged, and into their heauenly oracles, for the better beautifieng and plainer opening of the same, profitably inserted. Drawen into English by Thomas Newton.; Herbarum atque arborum quæ in Bibliis passim obviæ sunt. English Lemnius, Levinus, 1505-1568.; Newton, Thomas, 1542?-1607. 1587 (1587) STC 15454; ESTC S108475 134,297 304

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ministerie we necessarily vse in exploiting our busines become trembling shaking vnable and vnfit for any handy labors Then do stitches and coughes growe vppon vs and shortnes of breath en●●mber vs. Then do the legs and feet which as bases and maine pillers vnderprop and beare vp the waight of the whole body shrinke and double vnder vs that we be not able to go without the stay of ā staffe Then are the teeth which grinde breake and by helpe of the iawes champe minse bruise and shred our meat and nourishment either blunted and dulled or else loosed and fallen out Then doth sight faile and the eies which looke out of their holes as it were out at two windowes become pooreblinde and through weakenes of the muscles and lids do see verie little and as it were through a cloude scarcely able to discerne who they meet in the street Then is the throat scarcely and with much ado able to swallow down any foode by reason of the drines that is in the meate pipe whereby the nourishment can not conueniently be sent and conueied into the stomacke Then is sleepe very little and short by reason of the drines of the braine insomuch that a man or woman in that age is easily awaked euen with the chirping of a birde Then is the voice squekish and whining through drines exasperating the vocal Arterie and is vtterly vnfit to sing Then is he ready to startle and feare at euery wagging of a leafe fearing as it were least some thing shoulde fall on him insomuch that many times walking alone in the streetes he looketh backe for feare of danger Then doth the Almond tree flourish that is the head is then hoary and white and may a great way of be perceiued espied euen as the Almond tree beareth white flowers and blossomes in the top which may be seene and discerned a great way of Then will the voice be small childish weake buzzing and vnperfect Then will euery light thing seeme heauy insomuch that the smallest burthen will be enough to loade and surcharge him Then will appetite to meate which commonly is irrited and prouoked with capers be taken away and al lust desire and concupiscence of carnall things quite abolished These and other discommodities doth Solomon reck on vp and shew to be naturally incident vnto man when he is once old and laden with yeeres And therfore laieng them downe before all mens eies and considerations hee willeth them to call themselues home to reine and qualifie their affections and in their greene and fresh yeeres to think vpon God and according to his worde to direct their liues manners and behauiours Before the siluer coarde be lengthened whereby he signifieth the sinewes and the marrow of the backe bone which being deriued from the substance of the braine and of a bright siluer colour as it is also to be perceiued and seene in brute Beastes beginneth is stretched from the hinder part of the head by 34. Spondyles of the backe vnto the fundement This backbone whereunto are tied the ribs is resembled to the keele of a ship whereinto are peeced the rest of the maine timber And as the strongest plankes of the whole ship are fastened vnto the keele so doth the strength of mans bodie consist in the pith and marrow of his backe bone so that as Solomon aptly heere saith if this siluer lace or coarde be wasted despoiled broken or dissolued it is an euident token and certaine signe of death not far off Going forward in this his figuratiue kind of speech he further saith Before the golden caule shrinke or bee broken meaning therby the Hart which is the fountaine and velspring of life and from whom the arteries as the veines from the liuer are issued the which do conuey the vital spirits and blood and cherish comfort moisten and releeue ech of the members By The Pitcher broken at the Well may be vnderstoode the reines bladder and conduites of vrine which in old men commonly be so much decaied that they doe weakely and slenderly execute their appointed functions whereby also death is hastened It followeth and Before the wheele be broken at the cesterne meaning thereby the Head which in men drawing neere to death inclineth and falleth downe vpon the shoulders For the head is round turning and moouing ech way like a rowling wheele nowe on the right side now on the left now vpward now downeward from whom the animall spirits taking their beginning are diffused and distributed through the whole body and giue both motion and sense to the sinewes The head thereof I say first of all commonly drowpeth shrinketh and hangeth downe as may appeere by the eies which first of all others die or at least shew plaine tokens of imminent death carrieng with it for companie all the members to apparant ruine and ouerthroweth the state of the whole bodie euen as a charriot wagonne or cart cannot but fall when the Axletree is broken This to bee Solomons meaning the wordes following plainely shewe For then saith he Shall dust turne againe to the earth from whence it was taken and the spirite returne to God that gaue it But to returne to the Almond tree The Patriarch Iacob who afterward of wrestling and preuailing with God was called Israel being vnkindly vnconscionably and churlishly dealt withall at the hands of his father in law Laban vsed a maruellous policie not with any intent of fraude or deceit as at the first shew some may thinke but vpon the warrant and appointment of almighty God so commanding it that he might thereby recouer his due wages and hire which that couetous carle miserablie denied him The way whereby he compassed and brought the same to passe was physicall and in this sort did he it He tooke rods of Almond popular hasel and chestnut trees and pilled white strakes in them and put the rods so pilled in the gutters and watering troughes when the sheepe came to drinke that being in heat in ramming time they might the sooner conceiue For by a certaine hidden and secret force in nature all creatures yea women also earnestly fixing their imagination at the time of conception in the formes shapes representations of things obiect to their eies and senses imprint the same in their yoong which they bring foorth And so in this case of Iacob the sheepe beholding the same speckled pilled rods brought foorth by Gods appointment speckled and partie coloured lambes whereby Iacob had to his share such reasonable number as was proportionable and agreeable to his paines and labour sustained But there is in the holie Bible a notable and miraculous thing set downe of Aarons rod which brought foorth buds and bare blossoms and Almonds Whereby the Lord gaue the stubborne and rebellious people plainly to vnderstand whom he would haue to minister about holie things and to execute the Priests office For after that Corah Dathan and Abiram togither with other Captaines of their
confederacie conspiring against Moses and Aaron and presuming to intermeddle in cases of diuine ministration without any commandement or calling of God were swallowed downe quicke into the earth that claue asunder and opened and that of the common multitude 14700. were destroied with the plague God commanded Moses to take twelue rods according to the number of their princes with euerie ones name written vpon his rod among the which there was Aarons rod being of the tribe of Leui. And Moses laid the rods before the Lord in the Tabernacle of the Testimonie And when Moses on the next day went into the Tabernacle of the Testimonie he found the rod of Aaron for the house of Leui to be budded and to beare ripe Almonds And Moses brought foorth all the rods from before the Lord vnto all the children of Israell and they looked vpon them and tooke euery man his rod. But Aarons rod was brought againe into the Tabernacle to be kept for a token of the late rebellion which mutinie and murmuring being quieted the rude multitude might euer afterward by beholding that rod take warning how they rebelled any more against God and his Ministers This historie yeeldeth a notable lesson to all persons in generall namely that no man vsurpe any office or intrude himselfe into any function vnlesse he be thereunto called by God or by the assent and appointment of such which haue authority from the spirit of God to deale therein As the Apostle to the Hebrewes witnesseth saieng that Christ tooke not this honour vnto himselfe to be made the high Priest but had the same giuen him by his heauenly father who appointed him a Priest for euer after the order of Melchisedech To whomsoeuer therefore this rod that is the cure and charge of gouerning and teaching the flocke of Christ by the preaching of the Gospell is appointed let him cheerfully follow his vocation and couragiously execute his function And as Aarons rod being afore withered and drie by diuine vertue became greene againe budded and brought forth good and wholesome fruit so likewise it is meete that such as be called to the office of the Ministerie in the Church of God should shew foorth the fruits of vertue and good works in themselues and by wholesome doctrine also instruct others vnder their charge to do the like and to shew foorth their sound and liuely faith by good and Christian actions And this did Christ earnestly require and vehemently inculke in his thrise asking of Peter whether he loued him and in inioining him to diligent feeding of the flocke Furthermore me thinkes the Almond may very aptly and conueniently serue for a Symbole or Cognizance of a Christian mans life wherein as afore hath beene said of the Walnut be interchangeably mingled sower with sweete rough with smooth hard with soft affliction with welfare and aduerse hap with prosperous state For by the wooddish and hard shell of the Almond are signified aduersities troubles miseries afflictions discommodities and missehaps Againe by the sweete and pleasant kernell may be meant prosperitie comfort ioy delectation release and mitigation of greeues sorrowes and all calamities The 49. Chapter Of the Plane tree and the nature thereof THe Plane is a forraine strange tree brought out of Asia hither into Europe for the goodlie shade that it giueth as appeereth in Pliny who writeth that it was found growing as far as Turwaine in France which was sometime the furthest bounds and limits of the Romaine Empire It spreadeth his branches and boughes very broade and wide his rinde is thicke and his leaues large much like in shape to the Vine or of that Plant which for the resemblance that it hath to an hand stretched out spred open is called Palma Christi and of some Cataputia maior the seede whereof hath a purging qualitie But the Plane tree leaues be not altogither so bigge and large as the leaues of this Palma Christi are and doe hang by long reddish stemmes The flowers be small pale and grow in small tuffets The fruit or berries be round rough and somwhat downish or woollie This tree by reason of his great large and broade branches stretching out themselues euery way most pleasantly is very fit and commodious to make coole arbours shadowy boothes to sit vnder in hot seasons Some are of opinion that bicause the Tilia or Linden tree serueth for the same purpose therefore to be the same that the Plane tree is And some thinke no lesse of the Beech for that Virgil giueth commendation of it for the like vse and purpose saieng Vnder the shade of broade beech tree Thou Tityrus tak'st thine ease Recording in fine Oaten pype Old clownish countrey Laies But doubtlesse they be much deceiued sithence in leaues there is no maner of resemblance or affinitie betweene them and the Plane Those trees indeed defend the Sun beames and yeeld very braue and recreatiue arbours to sit vnder as the Plane tree doth but there is not that beauty proportion forme and sise in their leaues neither such delightsome smell and comfortable sent Moreouer the Plane tree hath such vertue that no venemous thing will come neere it neither will any serpentes approch where it is yea it is so loath some and dreadfull to Flitter Mice and Backs that they dare neither build their nests vnder it neither can abide the shadow of it Holie and sacred writers therefore vse this same tree in their diuine writings and heauenly narrations and take from it pithy and elegant Similitudes As namely where Wisedome extolling dignifieng aduauncing and commending hir selfe vsing for the same many proper tearmes encomiasticall and reckoning vp sundry excellent and precious trees prooueth thereby hir selfe to be fullie furnished and richly adourned with all maner of vertues For she confesseth hir selfe to flourish fructifie and spread foorth hir beautifull branches as the goodly Plane tree that groweth by the water side For this tree greatly loueth moisture and is of nature so dry that it requireth watering yea wee doe reade in Macrobius how Hortensius for the loue that he bare vnto this tree did vse to bedew and water it with wine thereby to make it continue the longer and to shew the beautifuller And as the Plane spreadeth his boughes and braunches so wide and giueth such pleasant shadowe that Xerxes the king of Persia tooke singular delight to sit vnder it whole daies togither so likewise Wisedome comming out of the mouth of the most High with heauenlie comfort protecteth shadoweth recreateth defendeth all those that commit themselues vnder the shadowe thereof from all harme and danger And so did Dauid pray saieng Keepe me O Lord as the apple of the eie hide 〈◊〉 vnder the shadow of thy winges And likewise Ieremie The breath of our nosethrils the annointed of the Lord was taken in their nets of whom we said Vnder his shadow we shall be preserued aliue among the Heathen that is
high tree and exalted the lowe tree that I haue dried vp the greene tree and made the drie tree to flourish I the Lord haue spoken it and haue done it Heerby signifieng that the Lord exalteth the humble and contemptible and bringeth downe the proud and arrogant The selfe same thing did the blessed Virgin also acknowledge leauing it in memorie in that hir most godly and heauenly Hymne to all posterities that God extendeth his mercie vnto all them that feare him but scattereth the proud and arrogant in their owne wicked imaginations that he filleth the hungrie with good things and suffereth the rich to continue hungrie A litle after the same Ezechiel prosecuting stil the same argument thundreth out a prophecie against the proud periured and cruell princes Iehoas Iehoiakim and Zedechiah For he doth depaint them in their right colours and liuely set them downe according to their peeuish dispositions so that in them was verified the olde prouerbe Mali corui malum ouum Wherefore lay thy mother that Liones among the Lions she nourished hir yoong ones among the Lions whelpes One of hir whelpes she brought vp and it became a Lion it learned to catch the pray and to deuoure men The heathen heard of him and caught him in their nets The Mother seeing hir selfe disappointed of hir hope and expectation tooke another of hir whelpes to wit Iehoiakim and made him a Lion that is a tirant Who went among the Lions and became a fierce Lion and learned to catch the pray and to deuoure men and to make widowes and destroy cities who at last was caught and brought in chaines to the king of Babylon And the more to exaggerate the heinousnes of this thing and to amplifie the crueltie of the king which he had sucked as it were from his mothers breast he goeth to the very groundworke of the matter vsing a Physicall metaphor thus Thy mother is like a vine in thy blood Which metaphor and the other that immediately follow no man can rightly expound that is not skilled in Phisick and the works of nature For he there alludeth to the naturall maner of a childe being yet within the mothers wombe which is nourished with a menstrous blood His meaning therefore is that his mother from whom he sucked crueltie was exceeding fruitfull and abounding with bloode as a plentifull vine planted by the water side whereby it came to passe that by reason of his ranke nourishment wherewith he was franked and glutted he became to haue great strength and robusteous might As that which followeth doth witnes She brought foorth fruit and branches by the abundant waters that is through the abundance of nourishing humours in hir wombe And she had strong rods for the Scepters of them that bare rule thereby meaning his regall dignitie princely preeminence and courtly pompe And hir stature was exalted on high among the branches and she appeered in hir height with the multitude of hir branches meaning his power and maiestie which shoulde stretch and extend very far and His stature exalted on high among the branches signifieth that in magnificence he far surmounted any of his neighbour kings and princes bordering vpon him and that he victoriously enlarged the limits of his kingdome and iurisdiction But when As he being thus aduanced to honor began to forsake the Lord his God he although he were as a goodly and broad spread Vine yet was he plucked vp and his rods withered and it selfe transplanted in a dry thirstie and desert place to wit into miserable thraldome and seruile banishment into the which he was carried away captiue and entierly depriued of al his estate and Roialtie which is shewed in these next wordes He hath no more any strong rod to be as a scepter to rule that is he shall be lest vtterly without any maiesty honor magnificence dignitie or authoritie to protect or countenance him from contempt Thus far of the roote and of the branches of the Vine from whence our Sauiour taketh Similitudes resembling the godly which are graffed into him by faith and doe bring foorth the fruits of good works vnto fruitfull branches And the wicked void of faith and charitie he compareth vnto dry withered and vnprofitable slips which are accordingly to be cast into the fire Whereof we spake afore in the Chapter of the Vine wherin was explaned that place of S. Iohn the Euangelist The Boughes also which like armes proceede and spred out from the trunke or body of the trees are by the like metaphore as branches be vsed in the Scriptures And vnder this worde is signified might strength firmitie safetie health beauty honor and ornament of the whole race or family togither with the propagation of posteritie and continuance of the stocke and kindred in one ligne and pedagrew So doth the Wiseman vse it whereby he promiseth felicitie and prosperous yeeres to him that ensueth and embraceth Wisedom The feare of the Lord saith he is the roote of Wisedome and hir branches are long life that is the date of his daies shall be prolonged and his life shall be lengthened The Apostle vseth also a notable metaphoricall speech taken from the boughes broken off from the naturall Oliue tree and others graffed into their place whereby by a most strong argument he prooueth and sheweth that the Iewes are not so intirely cut away and broken off that no manner of hope is left for their recouerie but rather that they shall againe be graffed in if they abide not still in vnbeleefe For if the first fruits be holie so is the whole lumpe and if the roote bee holie so are the boughes and branches If Abraham the father of beleeuers beleeued God and it was imputed to him for righteousnes why should not his successors and posteritie expresse their fathers faith and imitate him in his godlie example But as faire spreading boughes do sometime signifie felicity and prosperous successet so sometimes againe in the Scriptures they are applied to the contrarie that is to say to aduersitie and do signifie calamitie miserie and trouble that shal light vpon the wicked And in this sense doth holie Iob vse them saieng The wicked man is all the daies of his life as one trauelling of childe but he shall neither be rich neither shall his substance continue neither shall the prosperitie therof be prolonged vpon earth The flame shall drie vp his boughes and deuoure his branches that is to say all things shall go backward with him and turne to his confusion And although the wicked seeme for a while to flourish and lustily to spreade out their branches yet shall sudden destruction in the end ouertake them and all their iollitie in a moment be turned topsituruie The same as the Wiseman pronounceth shall befall to the froward and peruerse generation of the wicked saieng Bastard plants shall take no deepe roote nor lay any fast foundation And though they bud forth in the branches