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A12213 A reply to an ansvvere, made by a popish adversarie, to the two chapters in the first part of that booke, which is intituled a Friendly advertisement to the pretended Catholickes in Ireland Wherein, those two points; concerning his Majejesties [sic] supremacie, and the religion, established by the lawes and statutes of the kingdome, be further justified and defended against the vaine cavils and exceptions of that adversarie: by Christopher Sibthorp, Knight, one of His Majesties iustices of his Court of Chiefe Place within the same realme. Sibthorp, Christopher, Sir, d. 1632. 1625 (1625) STC 22524; ESTC S117400 88,953 134

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other words that follow namely In omni pietate c Take all the words of S. Paul together and they be these I exhort saith he that first of all supplications prayers intercessions 1. Tim. 2.1.2 and giving of thankes be made for all men for Kings and all that are in authoritie that we may leade a quiet and peaceable life 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in all godlinesse and honestie By which words so put together it appeareth That S. Paul would have Christians to pray thus specially for Kings and Princes not onely to this end which my Adversary supposeth viz. for the mantainance and preservation of externall peace and correspondencie of humane societie but to this end also and that chiefely that Pietie Godlinesse and Religion may by their meanes be continued countenanced and protected amongst them And this had the Christian Emperors learned in ancient time For Iustinian that Christian Emperor in his dayes Novel Const. 6. spake thus The true Religion of God and honest conversation of the Priests is our chiefest care Legum Theod. No●●el tit 3. de In●ae●● Samaritaine And in this sort likewise spake Valentinian and Theodosius Emperors saying The search of true Religion we finde to be the chiefest care of the Imperiall Majestie And therefore also did S. Augustine say long agone That it is enjoyned Kings from God Aug. contr Crescun lib. 3 cap ●1 that in their kingdomes they should commaund good things and forbid evill things not onely such things as belong to humane societie but such things also as belong to Gods Religion This cleare and most evident testimonie of S. Augustine to declare the authoritie of Kings aswell in matters Divine and concerning Religion as in matters Civill Temporall I alledged in the first Chapter of my former Booke pag. 10. whereunto neverthelesse as to many other things in my booke contayned My Adversarie is pleased to answere nothing The second Position he busieth himselfe in is that the Regall Power or authoritie is subordinate to the S●cerdotall or Spirituall It is true that Kings Princes notwithstanding their Regall power be subordinate and subject to God and his authoritie But what of this Indeede if Ecclesiasticall Ministers spake to Kings and Princes in their owne names and by their owne authoritie and uttered their owne will and pleasure there might be some reason in that which he would conclude but seeing they are to speake unto them not their owne will but the will and word of the Almightie and in his Name and as Embassadors Ministers Messengers and servants unto him no such consequent can be inferred 2. Cor 5 20. 1 Cor. 4 1.2 For if a King send an Esquier or any other inferior servant of his on a message to a Duke Earle or other Noble-man of the Realme This servant speaking in the King his Masters name and delivering his message is therein to be obeyed Will any thereupon conclude Ergo That Esquier or servant is greater or superior as in respect of himselfe or of his owne person then eyther the Duke or the Earle or the Noble-man No man I thinke will be so absurd And yet my Adversarie goeth on and amplifieth the Sacerdotall and spirituall power saying That how much the Soule in perfection exceedes the Bodie The eternall blisse the temporall felicitie The Divine Lawes the humane lawes By somuch doth the Spirituall authoritie exceede the Temporall But all this while he should remember and observe wherein and in what respects it is that this excellencie of the one above the other doth consist For as it is true that in respect of converting soules and fitting them for Gods kingdome by preaching of Gods Word Administring of the Sacraments and exercise of the Ecclesiasticall Discipline the Spirituall function and authoritie is to be preferred before the Regall or temporall So no lesse true is it that in respect of the temporall Power of the Sword externally to command compell and to punish offendors in causes both Ecclesiasticall and Civill the Regall Temporall Office and Authoritie is to be preferred before the Episcopall or Sacerdotall When therefore he supposeth that the King or Prince in respect of the Priest is but as the bodie is in respect of the Soule and that hee hath no more power and authoritie over Priests and Bishoppes then the bodie hath over the Soule How doth he prove this fond conceite For it is not the credite or testimonie of his S. Thomas as he calleth him who lived more then 1200. yeares after CHSIST and was overwhelmed with the corruption of his time and wedded to the Sea of Rome that can bee any sufficient proofe of that idle fantazie Yea it is apparant that to some purposes the Regall Power Office hath in it the nature and resemblance of the soule aswell as the Sacerdotall or Episcopall hath to some other purposes For as the soule commandeth the bodie so hath the King power to command the Priest and may by as good right punish all maner of offendors Civilly and by temporall punishments as Bishops and Clergie men may punish any Ecclesiastically and by the Church censures To make this the better to appeare beside that which is spoken in my former Booke observe first that Moses who was as a King or a Prince in Israell commanded not only the Levites Deut. 33.5 Deut. 31 2●.26 which bare the Arke of the Covenant of the Lord and that in a matter Ecclesiasticall and concerning their very Office but he commanded also even Aaron the high Priest in a matter likewise Ecclesiasticall and concerning his verie Office saying thus unto him Take the Censer Numb 16 46.4● and put fire therein off the Altar and put therein Incense and goe quickely unto the Congregation make an Attonement for them For there is wrath gone out from the Lord the plague is begun Then Aaron tooke as Moses commanded him c. He Exod. 32.21 2● moreover called Aaron the high Priest to an account for his bad doings and removed him for the same Whereupon Aaron answered humbly and submissively unto him as to his Soveraigne Lord saying Let not the wrath of my Lord waxe fierce c. Numb 12.11 In like sort did Aaron speake unto Moses in another place saying My Lord I beseech thee c. 1. Sam. 22.12.15 So did also Abimelech the high Priest answere to his king submissively and dutifully saying thus unto him Here am I my Lord c. Let not the King impute any thing to his servant nor to all the house of my Father for thy servant knew nothing of all this lesse or more The Prophets likewise as well as the Priests and high Priests did acknowledge this humble submission and subjection unto their kings as is evident by the example of the Prophet Nathan who when he came into the presence of the King 1. King 1 23. c. he made obeysance to the king upon his face to the ground
c. Ioshua the successor of Moses did likewise as a King or Prince commaund even the Priests and Levites aswell as the rest of the people as appeareth by the acclamation and answere they made unto him Iosh 1.17.18 saying thus As vve obeyed Moses in all things so will wee obey thee c. Whosoever shall rebell against thy commandement and will not obey thy words in all that thou commandest him let him be put to death Iosh 6.6 Iosh 5 3.4 Iosh 5.10 Iosh 7.24.25 Iosh 8 30. Iosh 8.34.35 And it is further manifest that he also dealt in matters Ecclesiasticall aswell as Temporall for he would have the children of Israell to be Circumcised and the Passeover to be kept and the Man that had offended in the excommunicate thing to be punished He also builded an Altar for their sacrifices offerings He reade the whole Law unto them the blessings and cursings There was not a word of all that Moses had commanded which Ioshua reade not before all the Congregation of Israell aswell before the Women and the Children as the stranger that was conversant among them Hee renewed the Covenant between God and the people and caused them to put away the strange Gods that were amongst them Iosh 24.23.24.25.31 Insomuch that by his diligent care and good governement Israell served the Lord all the dayes of Ioshua Likewise of that Godly King Iosiah it is recorded that he commanded the high Priest aswell as the other Priests and dealt in matters also Ecclesiasticall and concerning Gods service and Religion For thus it is written of him That hee commanded Hilkiah the high Priest 2 King 23.4 and the priests of the second Order and the keepers of the Doore to bring out of the Temple of the Lord all the vessels that were made for Baal and for the Grove and for all the Hoste of heaven and he burnt them without Ierusalem in the fields of Kedron 2 King 23.5 and carried the powder of them into Bethel And hee put downe the Chemarims whom the kings of Iuda had founded to burne incense in the high places and in the Cities of Iuda and about Ierusalem and also them that burnt incense unto Baal to the Sunne and to the Moone and to the Planets and to all the Hoste of heaven c. He commanded also the Passeover to be kept c. Hee purged Iuda and Ierusalem vers 21. from the high places the Groves and the carved and molten Images Yea 2 Chro. 34. vers 3.4.7.33 he tooke away all the abominations out of all the countries that pertayned to the Children of Israell ● compelled all that were found in Israell to serve the Lord their God Had not also King Salomon authoritie over the Priests and Levites and did not he likewise deale in matters Ecclesiasticall and concerning Religion when he set the courses of the Priests to their offices according to the order of David his Father 2. Chro. 8.14.15 the Levites in their watches to prayse and minister before the Priests everie day and the Porters by their courses at everie Gate For so was the commandement of David the man of God And the Text saith That they declined not from the commandement of the King concerning the Priests and the Levites c. He removed also Abiathar from being priest unto the Lord and set Sadoc in his roome 1. King 2.27.35 1 King 8.22.23 24.25.26.27 Hee also builded an house and Temple unto God and did dedicate the Temple in his owne person Did not also King Asa meddle with men and matters Ecclesiasticall 2 Chro. 14.3.4.5 when he tooke away the Altars of the strange Gods and the high places and brake downe the Images and cut downe the groves and commanded Iuda to seeke the Lord God of their Fathers and to doe according to the Law commandement c. Therefore the kingdome was quiet before him And he tooke an oath of all Iuda that Whosoever would not seeke the Lord God of Israell should be slaine whether he were small or great Man or Woman And they sware unto the Lord with a loud voyce and with shouting and with Trumpets and with Cornets And all Iuda rejoyced at the Oath 2 Chron 15.12 13 14.15.16 c. for they had sworne unto the Lord with all their heart and sought him with an whole desire and he was found of them Hee also deposed Maachah his Mother from her regencie because shee had made an Idoll in a Grove and hee broke downe her Idoll and stamped it and burnt it at the brooke Kidron King Iehosaphat did the like when he sought the Lord God of his Fathers 2. Chron. 17.3 4 5.6.7.8.9 and walked in his commandements and not after the doings of Israell Therefore the Lord stablished the kingdome in his hand And all Iuda brought to Iehosaphat presents and he had riches and honour in abundance And he lift up his heart unto the wayes of the Lord. Moreover he tooke away the high Places and Groves out of Iuda Hee also sent his Princes and with them Priests and Levites to teach in the Cities of Iuda they taught in Iuda had the Booke of the Law of the Lord with them and went throughout all the Cities of Iuda ● Chron. 19 8. and taught the people Againe in Ierusalem Iehosaphat set of the Levites and of the Priests and of the chiefe of the Families of Israell for the judgement and cause of the Lord c. Did not also that good and Godly king Hezekiah shew his authoritie over Priests and Levites 2. Chron. 29 3 4.5.6.7.8.9.10 11 12.13.14.15.16 and in matters also Ecclesiasticall when he opened the dores of the house of the Lord and brought in the Priests and the Levites and said thus unto them Heare me yee Leuites sanctifie now your selves and sanctifie the house of the Lord God of your fathers and carrie forth the filthinesse out of the Sanctuarie c. And they gathered their brethren and sanctified themselves and came according to the commandement of the King and by the wordes of the Lord to clense the house of the Lord And the Priests went into the inner parts of the house of the Lord to clense it and brought out all the uncleannesse that they found in the Temple into the Court of the house of the Lord And the Levites tooke it to carrie it out to the brooke Kidron Hee also commanded the Priests Vers 21 2● the Sonnes of Aaron to offer sacrifices on the Altar of the Lord And hee sent to all Israell and Iuda wrote Letters to Ephraim and Manasseh that they should come to the house of the Lord at Ierusalem to keepe the Passeover unto the Lord God of Israell Hee appointed the courses of the Priests and Levites 2. Chron. 30.1 by their turnes everie man according to his Office 2 Chron. 31.2 both Priests and Levites for the burnt offerings
to Minister and to give thankes and to prayse in the Gates of the Tents of the Lord Hee also tooke away the high Places 2. King 18.41 and brake the Images and cut downe the Groves and brake in pieces the brazen Serpent that Moses had made for unto those dayes did the Children of Israell burne incense to it Yea reade the historie of all every one of the Godly kings of Israell and Iuda and you will finde that they all as Supreme governors within their own Dominions commanded aswell the Priests as the people and dealt in matters Ecclesiasticall and concerning Religion aswell as in matters Civill and Temporall Why then should not Christian Kings and Princes have the like Authoritie within their Kingdomes which those good and Godly kings of Israell and Iuda had within theirs Will any say that those Kings of Israell and Iuda dealt in those matters Ecclesiasticall by the counsell and advise of the Prophets and the Priests What if they did or what is this to the matter For the Question is not by whose Counsell or advise but by whose Authoritie those things were done Kings even in Civill and Temporall affaires be also Counselled and advised by learned wise and grave Men Doth this therefore prove that they have no Supreme Authoritie in matters Civill and Temporall For by such a reason you may aswell conclude against the one as against the other The direction then advise and counsell which Bishops or others give to Kings and Princes in matters eyther Ecclesiasticall or Civill doth not impeach or oppugne their Supreme commands or Supreme Authoritie eyther in the one case or in the other But some doe then here object that those Kings and Princes of Israell and Iuda had an high Priest or chiefe Priest among them and therefore that there must be likewise an high priest or supreme Pastor in the Christian Church Howbeit first the high Priest in that Iudaicall and Israeliticall Church was not Supreme but subject to those Kings and their commaund as before appeareth Secondly it is granted that there is also an high Priest in the Christian Church but it is not as they fondly suppose the Pope of Rome but CHRIST IESVS onely as the Epistle to the Hebrewes abundantly declareth who is therefore expressely called and affirmed to be our high Priest Hebr. 9.11 Hebr 5.5 H b 4 14. Hebr 7 26. For such an high Priest saith that Epistle it became us to have which is holy harmelesse undefiled separate from sinners and made higher then the heavens of which sort I am sure the Pope of Rome is not Againe S. Peter sheweth that not himselfe much lesse the Pope of Rome his pretended successor nor any other mortall man whatsoever 1. Pet. 5.4 but CHRIST IESVS onely is the Supreme Pastor or chiefe Sheepheard over all Pastors and Sheepheards of the severall flockes of CHRIST in the world and in respect of that his high Prerogative Heb● 13.20 he is also called the great Sheepeheard of the sheepe So that if any would know whom God hath appointed to be the high Priest the Supreme Pastor over the whole Christian Church Militant upon earth They here see that it is not the Pope but CHRIST IESVS onely Yea as touching the Pope of Rome whom they so much dote upon they were never yet able nor ever will be able to prove that God hath any where in his Word constituted and appointed him to be the high Priest or Supreme Pastor over all the Pastors and Bishops in the world much lesse to beare the Supremacie over all Emperors Kings and Princes Yea for the space of divers hundred yeares after CHRIST did even the Bishops of Rome themselves acknowledge and performe subjection to the Emperors as appeareth not onely by those three examples of Meltiades Leo Gregory the great mentioned in my former Booke whereunto my Adversarie is still pleased to answere nothing but by other Bishops of Rome likewise For also Anastasius the second Bishop of Rome spake thus to the Emperor Anastasius Pro fide Catholica humilis pietati tuae precator occurro c. I come saith he Epist ad Anast an humble suppliant to your pietie for the Catholicke faith And hee saith further That God would have not himselfe though he were the Bishop of Rome but the Emperor velut eius Vicarium praesidere in terris as his vicar or in his stead Jbid. cap. 6 to be the cbiefe upon earth Pelagius also the first a Bishop of Rome writing to Childebert King of France being required to make a confession of his faith that so he might shew himselfe not to differ from those that were of the Orthodoxe beleefe Pelag Epist. 16. Concil edi● Bin tom 2. pag 633. speaks likewise in this humble and duetifull maner unto him Quanto nobis studio ac labore satagendum est ut pro auferendo suspitionis scandalo obsequium confessionis nostra Regibus ministremus quibus nos etiam subditos esse sanctae Scripturae praecipiunt With how great care and labour ought we to strive and endevour for the taking away of the scandall of suspition to yeelde the obedience of our confession unto Kings to whom the holy Scriptures also command us to bee subject From him passe to the times of Agatho another Bishop of Rome in whose dayes was assembled the sixth Councell of Constantinople In that Councell there is an Epistle of his to the Emperor who required him to send some to supply his place Concil Constant 6. act 4 C●ncil edit Bin. tom 3. pag. 13. in that Councell To whom Pope Agatho answereth and writeth in that Epistle That to those things which the Emperor commanded hee would promptam obedientiam exhibere yeelde ready obedience Againe he saith Hoc Imperialis benignitas vestra clementer jubens hortata est nostra pusillitas quod jussum est obsequenter implevit This your Imperiall benignitie gently commanding hath required and our meanesse What was commanded hath obediently performed Yea he speaketh yet further in this most submissive sort to the Emperor Obsecro itaque pi●ssime atque clementissime Auguste atque una cum mea exiguitate Sub finem omnis Anima Christiana flexo genu suppliciter deprecatur c. I therefore beseech you most pious and clement Emperor and together with my meanesse every Christian soule with bended knee humbly intreateth c. Goe on to the times of Pope Hadrian in whose daies it was That the second Nicene Councell was assembled There also you may observe in what humble sort he likewise writeth to the Emperor Concil Nicen 2 ●pist 1. Concil edit Bin. tom 3. pag. 257. Deprecantes cum magna cordis dilectione mansuetissimam vestram Clementiam tanquam praesentialiter humo stratus vestris vestigijs provolutus quaeso coram Deo deposco Praying with great affection of heart your most milde Clemencie and as in your presen●e being cast upon
God can be shewed in this case Yea Aaron was so farre from loosing this priviledge of his birthright by any appointment from God that cleane contrarywise he had the Priest-hood famously confirmed to him by God himselfe Thou saith God speaking to Aaron and thy Sonnes with thee Num. 18.7 shall keepe your Priests office In asmuch then as it is apparant that Moses was no Priest neyther before the consecration of Aaron nor after it must therefore be concluded that he was no Priest at all but was as the Scripture calleth him as a King or a Prince A second reason is this viz. Deut. 33.5 That Ioshua was appointed by God himselfe to succeede Moses in his place and office But it is certaine that Ioshua Deut. 31.14 c Num. 27 17.18 Ios 1.16.17.18 his successor was no Priest but a civill Magistrate even the chiefe ruler and commander under God both of the Priests People of Israell in his times as before appeareth and therefore also must Moses be so supposed But it is objected out of Psal 99. That Moses and Aaron were among the Priests Psal 99.6 doth this prove them therefore to be Priests because they were among them Howbeit the Hebrewe word there used is Cohanim which signifieth aswell Princes 2. Sam. 8.18 as Priests or any that be in high eminent and honourable place as in 2. Sam. 8. The Sonnes of David are said to be Cohanim 1. Chron. 18.17 that is chiefe Rulers For so it is also explained in 1. Chron. 18. Where it is said of the Sonnes of David That they were chiefe or principall men about the King 2. Sam. 20. ●● Againe it is said in 2. Sam. 20. that Ira the Iairite was Cohen le David that is a Prince or chiefe Ruler about David For it were absurd and against the Law of God that then was to suppose Ira to bee a Priest who was a meere stranger and not of the Tribe of Levi. Although then Aaron was a Priest yet when it is said of Moses and Aaron together that they were Cohanim It may signifie verie well that they were great Rulers or men of high and eminent place in Israell the one in respect of the civill Magistracie and the other in respect of the Priest-hood But for any to say and argue thus Moses was a Cohen or reckoned amongst the Cohanim Ergo hee was a Priest by his proper office and function is a plaine non sequitur and no better then if you should likewise argue and say Ira the Iairite was a Cohen and the Sonnes of David were also Cohanim E●go these were Priests by their proper office and function If you further object that Moses was of the Tribe of Levi and Aarons brother yet neyther doth that prove him therefore to be a Priest For everie one that was of the Tribe of Levi was not a Priest Yea even the Priests and Levites Numb 3.6.7.8.9.10 1 Chro 6 48 49 Numb 18.3 were distinguished For Aaron and his Sonnes were appointed to the office But of the Levites it is said they shall not come neere to the Altar least they die So that although the Levites were of the Tribe of Levi yet wee see they might not meddle with the Priests office least they should die And therefore also Moses though he were Aarons brother and of the Tribe of Levi yet was he not therefore a Priest or to execute the Priests office Neyther did he execute the office of a Levite as the Levites used to doe in wayting and tending upon the Priests and as being in office inferior unto them and at their command Yea it is before shewed and apparant that Moses although he were of the Tribe of Levi yet was hee so farre exalted and advanced as that he was by place and office as a King or Prince in Israell and commanded both Priests and Levites and not onely the Tribe of Levi but all the other Tribes of Israell also as Ioshua his successor likewise did Yet some to prove Moses to be a Priest doe alledge that he sacrificed and for this doe cite Exod. 24.5 Exod. 24.5 But the words of that Text be not that Moses did sacrifice but That he sent young men to sacrifice which were indeede the first borne of the children of Israell to whom the Priesthood did then belong it being a thing done before the institution of the Leviticall priest-hood Other some againe doe alledge that Moses did consecrate and annoynt Aaron and his Sonnes to the Priest-hood And that therefore he was a Priest But this also followeth not especially in the first erection of the Leviticall priest-hood For though Moses were a Prince a civill Magistrate yet whē God gave him a direct and speciall commandement to consecrate and annoynt Aaron and his Sonnes he was bound to doe it And that he was expressely so commanded is apparant by the Text it selfe where God spake thus to Moses Thou shalt bring Aaron and his Sonnes unto the dore of the Tabernacle of the congregation Exod. 40.12.13.14.15 16. and wash them with water And thou shalt put upon Aaron the holy garments and shalt annoynt him sanctifie him that he may minister unto me in the Priests office Thou shalt also bring his Sonnes and cloth them with garments and shalt annoynt them as thou didst annoynt their Father that they may minister unto me in the Priests office For this annoyntment shall be asigne that the Priest-hood shall be everlasting unto them throughout their generations So Moses did according to all that the Lord commanded him So did he This sheweth then that Moses was duetifull and obedient in performing Gods commandement in this case But it is no proofe that therefore he was a Priest For even a civill Magistrate not onely may but ought to consecrate and annoynt men to the office of Priest-hood if he be so required and commanded from God himselfe as Moses was wherefore it still remayneth firme that what reverence subjection and obedience Aaron the high Priest performed to Moses he did it to him not as being any Priest or high Priest but to him as being as a Prince or King in Israell that had the supreme commandement and rule both of the high Priest and of the rest of the Priests and of the Levites and of all the people within that Common-weale So that now I trust you verie fully perceave that Moses and Ioshua and the good and Godly Kings of Israell and Iuda had Authoritie aswell over the high Priests as all other Priests and Levites in causes also Ecclesiasticall aswell as civill and Temporall And that the Christian Emperors for the space of many hundred yeares after CHRIST had likewise the Supremacie over all persons and in all causes aswell Ecclesiasticall as Civill within their Empyres and Dominions 3. 〈◊〉 But my Adversarie objecteth that famous Hosius Cordubensis Athan Epist ad solitarium vitâ agen●es reproving the Arrian