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A30658 A commentary on Antoninus, his Itinerary, or, Journies of the Romane Empire, so far as it concerneth Britain wherein the first foundation of our cities, lawes, and government, according to the Roman policy, are clearly discovered ... / by VVilliam Burton ... ; with a chorographicall map of the severall stations, and index's to the whole work. Burton, William, 1609-1657. 1658 (1658) Wing B6185; ESTC R6432 288,389 293

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Voyages or Places which they usually accustomed to touch at in their expeditions by Sea set down after the recension of our Britain Stations have the Inscription of Itinerarium maritimum not Iter for the Britains indeed were generally accounted by the Romans themselves during the severall Ages they continued Masters of them to be toto divisi orbe and their Countrey likewise diducta Mundo wholy severed from the World and therefore not onely by their Poets but by their graver Writers also thought worthy to be termed Alter or Al us O●… and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 another habitable World And that not 〈◊〉 flourish only but in very good earnest in so much that Di●… a Consular Historian tels us That upon the apprehension hereof A. Plautius his Souldiers were very unwilling to follow him out of Gaul in his expedition hither seriously imagining it to be some service quite out of the World So that the Britains might very well seem to deserve a Notitia or Survey by themselves apart in the Description of the whole World Nature having first separated them by the vast and sometime thought unpassable Ocean More I could say by way of enlarging this Argument but I purposely forbear and refer it rather to another place Only this I add in this behalf that the word Iter doth not so fitly serve the turn in this place For first of all observe that here it doth no way exactly agree with what either the great Lawyer or Varro make the signification or meaning of the word to be in the latter of whom by the By I cannot choose but take notice of a Paradiorthosis or false emendation of Vertranius in that very place where he tels us what Iter is reading militare iter for limitare by which Varro understands nothing else but a small Path made in the confines of several mens Land ordered by a Law of the XII Tables to be not above V. Foot broad For had he meant those publick Through-fares or Waies which the Souldiers raised by uncessant and toilsome labor for their more convenient march from Station to Station call'd by Ammianus and others Aggeres itinerarii and actus publici by Herodian 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and Strata by Beda and such kind of Writers he would not have sayd Iter militare but via militaris the usuall word indeed Via as Iustinian teaches us containing in it both iter and actus and in ancient Authors iter militare is only quantum uno die militari gradu as Vegetius speaks conflci possit or One dayes march by Caesar and others call'd justum iter and by barbarous Writers dieta In the second place we may consider that here are XVI severall Itineraries or set marches not to be expressed by the singular Iter described from so many Garrisons to Garrisons it is likely of more esteem and concernment through others perhaps of less note here also set down to signifie all which Itinerarium must needs be thought far the more proper and significant notion by them that understand what it means and know besides to what excellent purpose such Itineraria were first instituted and appointed For they that are conversant in Antiquities of this nature cannot but take notice that to set down in writing likewise publish their particular Journeys and Marches by the several Camps Stations Mansions and Mutations so they were called by the Romans being places from which in after ages great Towns and Cities took their Originals was a thing for divers useful respects alwaies observed amongst the better managed and disciplin'd Nations and it was a business that tended to extraordinary advantage especially in great Empires and Dominions The people of Israel who had GOD for their Leader through the Wilderness to the Land of Promise most heedfully observed this course in their whole pilgrimage even from Romeses the place of their departure out of Egypt to the very Banks of Iordan and that not without the speciall Commandment of GOD himself These are saies Moses the Iourneys of the people of Israel which went forth out of the Land of Aegypt with their Armies under the hand of Moses and Aaron And Moses wrote their goings out according to their Iourneys by the Commandment of the LORD and these are their Iourneys according to their goings out And then he sets down no less then two and forty Journeys from the beginning of the Chapter to the 50. verse which S. Ierom calls Catalogum omnium mansionum per quas de Aegypto egrediens populos pervenit usque ad fluenta Iordanii Having passed over Iordan and under the Conduct of their victorious General either destroyed or dispossest the Inhabitants beyond it Three men are appointed out of each Tribe to go through the Land and describe it And the men went and passed through the Land and described it by Cities into seven parts in a Book and came again to Joshua to the Host at Shiloh As for the Kings of Persia we learn from Herodotus that they had the distances from Station to Station exactly set down through their great and vast Territories This is to be seen in him by that accurate enumeration of the severall Mansions from the Sea Coast in the lesser Asia even to Susa the Royall Palace containing in all C and XI Mansions All which described in a brazen Table with the Parasangs they were distant one from another Aristagoras the Militian brought to Cleomenes King of Sparta intending to urge the advantage he might gain thereby as a chief Argument to work him to the invasion of Persia. Although indeed he miss'd of his aime by unadvised and over-hastily telling him it would prove an expedition of some three months Journey before he had made it appear to him with what ease he might perform it his Marches and Quarter being by that Table before-hand scored out for him Buchanan therefore needed not to have sought so low for the antiquity of Draughts of this kind as the authority of Propertius Maps and Chorographicall descriptions being of so long standing And for Alexander the Great we may not imagine that so great a Commander would neglect so requisite and necessary a piece of Souldiership especially when we find that the Commentaries of his Marches were extant in Plinies time described by Diognetus and Beton whom he calls mensores itinerum Alexandri and he tells us a little before in the same Chapter that Comites Alexandri M. his followers diligently numbred and set down the Townes of that Tract of India which they had conquered and out of some of their Commentari s it is very likely was taken the summe of the 57. Chap. in Solinus inscribed 〈◊〉 Indicum Having spoken of ●…lexander I may by no meanes leave out his great parallel Iulius Caesar who though he hath left little to this purpose in those