solemn assemblies for his worship and service in the beauties of holinesse Or in the comely honours of the Sanctuarie meaning either the comely or honourable places of holinesse the Sanctuary or Church or rather in the beautiful ornaments of holinesse that is holy graces and vertues which with admirable varietie adorne the faithful and their inner man from the womb The second propertie or condition of the subjects of Christs Kingdome to be very numerous as willing so numerous as the dew from the womb of the morning 2 Sam. XVII 12. by a sudden unusual and wonderful increase and multiplication Esay LIV. 1. Micah V. 7. Esay LXVI 9. so numerous shall his youth be his new-borne people Iohn I. 13. and III. 3. Gal IV. 19. Heb. II. 14. 1 Pet. II. 2. See Esay LIII 10. So that these words are not to be understood of the temporal Nativity of Christ from the Virgin or his eternal generation from the Father as some do but of his active spiritual generation of his children the subjects of his Kingdome The Lord hath sworne The Vocation of Christ to his Office of verse 4 Priesthood Jehovah is the Author of it hath sworne Jehovah swears to confirme matters of greatest moment when and where his wisdome pleaseth And upon this point here of Christs eternal Priesthood mans salvation dependeth He swears by himself though that is not here expressed because he hath no greater to swear by Heb. VI. 13 16. Gen. XXII 16. And so by his life Esay XLIX 18. by his soul Jer. LI. 24. by his right-hand and the arme of his strength Esay LXII 8. The result of all which is the same with himself And implying thereby thus much Let me not be accounted what I am namely God the living God the omnipotent God if that which I speak be not true or my promises or threatnings do faile of performance Of Oaths See the Observations on Jer. LI. 14. and my Annotations on Hos. IV. 15. and will not repent Will not change or retract what he hath sworne Num. XXIII 19. James I. 17. Repenting is sometimes ascribed to God as Gen. VI. 6 7. Psal. CVI. 45. 1 Sam. XV. 11. 35. Not that there is any change of minde of will in God as there is in mans repenting But the change is in the work God eternally and unchangably decreeing both as to do the thing so again to change it upon mans repentance or disobedience Jer. XXVI 3 13 19. Of this see more in the Observations on Jer. XV. 6. In all this God condescends to mans weaknesse Heb. VI. 17 18. Shewes the greatnesse and excellency of the thing here avowed that the Lord Christ was lawfully Called and Ordained to be an eternal Priest for us and our salvation for our greater confirmation and consolation herein Thou art The Lord Christ well knew this and could not doubt of the will of the Father herein What then needed this Oath to be made unto him Answ. It was made to him for the use of his Church that his Church might know and be assured of it As that John XI 42. art God saying is as much as doing a Preist So Gen. XIV 18. Heb. VII 1. Melchizedec in type Christ in truth the Antitype The Priests office was to Teach Pray and Sacrifice The High Priest among the Jewes once a year entred into the most Holy place Yet he in all things was not an absolute and sufficient Type of our High Priest Christ the Lord. For he is an eternal High Priest and both King and Priest and his Sacrifice of another nature and himself of another Tribe for ever Not so the Priests after the order of Aaron Heb. VII 23. 34 and chap. IX 12. after the order Or similitude Heb. V. 6. and chap. VII 15. of Melchizedec Much question who this Melchizedec was He was not the Sonne of God himself our Lord and Christ. Very many take him to be Sem the Sonne of Noah who saw both worlds before and after the Flood and lived to the one hundred and fiftieth year of the age of Abraham Yet because Sems genealogie is exactly set down in Scripture and that the Levitical Priests themselves came from him after sundry descents and the Land of Canaan seems not to be Sems habitation which took its name from his younger brother Cham or from Chams sonne Canaan Neither would Abraham so long have forborne his due respects and visitation of Sem in Canaan if Sem had lived there Therefore divers learned men take this Melchizedec to be rather some eminent man in Canaan raised up by God in those corrupt times both good and godly both King and Priest living in Salem after called Jerusalem whose King in Joshuahs time was called Adoni-Zedeck that is Lord of righteousnesse Josh. X. 1. As this man here is called Melchizedec that is King of righteousnesse By which place or near to it Abraham in his returne from this warre and victory was to passe Of this Melchizedec and his Priesthood and the difference of it from Aarons Priesthood the Apostle to the Hebrews chap VII entreateth at large and observeth divers things his Name and Title his greatnesse in that he blessed Abraham and received Tythes of Abraham his being mentioned in Scripture without any Pedegree without father without mother without descent having neither beginning of dayes nor end of life All these he had as our Saviour himself had them but none of them recorded or registred in the Scripture that he might so become a Type of the eternity of Christs Person and Priesthood verse 3. The Apostle further observeth his Offices that he was both King and Priest and that our Saviour was made such with an oath of God the Father and a Priest of a better Priesthood Covenant and Commandment and that he was made not after the Law of a carnal commandement having carnal successors in his Priesthood but after the power of an endlesse life consecrated for evermore having an eternal Priesthood and unchangeable continuing ever and living ever to make intercession and by his one offering up himself once for all saving them to the uttermost that come to God by him In all which there are manifold resemblances between Christ and Melchizedec and manifold differences between theirs and the Aaronical Priesthood As for those fond and forced dreams of the Papist That Melchizedec offered up to God the sacrifice of bread and wine And therein was a Type and Figure of their sacrifice of the Masse And that thereupon Christ our Lord is said to be a Priest after the order of Melchizedec These may well befal to them who for want of the love of the truth are given up to beleeve lies but are too weak poor and silly for us to trouble our selves withal The Lord at thy right hand The prophesie of Christ the Lord his administration of his Kingly Office verse 5 in this and the next verse The Lord God the Father who will make thine enemies thy footstoole
must begin it at the Evening But if we will begin it according to that alledged Alteration we finde in our Saviours time Then we must Begin it in the Morning which later is favoured the more by our Saviours Resurrection very early in the morning Matth. 28. 1 6. Marke 16. 2 6. Luke 24. 1 6. John 20. 1. To the memory and honour of whose Resurrection as the day of Rest was changed so it accords well and suitably seems to require the same change for the beginning of that day agreeing therin with the aforesaid Alteration However the Point Material is That it must comprehend twenty four hours V. 6. Firmament By Firmament here generaly by all is understood whatsoever is to be seene in that vast space above the earth from the surface of it to the uppermost visible Orbs As conceiving and that justly That the Aire or lowest region of it betwixt the Earth and the Clouds were alone too smal a thing for the whole work of the second day In the midst of the waters and let it divide the waters from the waters the waters which are under the firmament from the waters which are above the firmament Divers ancient and learned Fathers have conceived hereupon and upon the words of the Psalme 148. 4. That a great or the greatest part of those waters that covered the face of the 〈◊〉 verse 2. were lifted up and spread as an Orbe of waters above and about the highest part of the starry heavens and so there remaine And from those windowes of heaven opened some would fetch the greatest part of those waters in the Deluge that covered all the high hills that were under the whole heaven fifteene cubits upwards Yet all this seemes too weak a foundation whereon to build that Orbe of supercelestial waters For plaine it is that the lowest region of the aire is called heaven and the firmament of heaven even that wherein the winds clouds and fowles do flie verse 20. Jer. 51. 16. Dan. 7. 2 13. And indeed as every part of the water is truly called water so every part of the heaven and firmament may be and is called heaven as well as the whole or the highest parts of it the starry heaven and the third heaven chap 1. verse 14 15 16 17. Gen. 22. 17. 2. Cor. 12. 2. And if such a division were meant as they pretend to where then would be the division betweene the waters of the seas and the watery clouds without which division and the use of it the earth could not bring forth sustenance for Man or Beast And as for the windowes of heaven they are understood of the region of the aire as Psal. 78. 23. Mal. 3. 10. And the same God who rained down fire and brimstone on Sodâ—m and made or multiplyed the widowes oyle 2 Kings 4. 2. V. 8. the firmament heaven All above us so called And the Angels this day most likely were created considering the words of the Lord Job 38. 4 5 6 7. that all the sonnes of God shouted for joy when he laid the foundations of the earth Though Moses mentions not their creation as puposely intending to relate only the creation of things corporal and visible and that haply a having regard therein to the rudiments and weaknesse of that Infant-Church of the Jewes to whom immediately he wrote this History second day Without that approbation And God saw that it was good which yet is doubled on the third day haply because the separation of the waters begun this day was not perfected till the third day And it is once repeated on each of the other four dayes with the addition of very good in the end of all V. 20. and fowle Out of the waters and the ground also chap. 2. 19 V. 26. Let us Intimates a Plurality of Persons in the Unity of the Divine Essence And so pluraly chap. 3. 22. 11. 7. Esay 6. 8. V. 27. created he them Both this day chap. 5. 2. though the maner of her creation be more fully related chap. 2. v. 18 to 23. V. 29. to you it shall be for meat Living things are not here mentioned for meat till after the flood anno mundi 1657. and no more are corne bread drink and other things named which yet no doubt were in use before the flood Cain being a tiller of the ground And â—el being a keeper of sheep was not likely to leave their flesh to be devoured of wilde beasts or to rot either above or under ground And mans body being in a dying condition since the Fall stood in more need of nourishing meats then whiles he abode in Innocencie Neither were the herbs trees ground after the Curse of that vertue and vigour for his nourishment and sustenance as formely It is nothing likely then that man should want so needful a nourishment as flesh or fish for so long a time so many ages of the world because they were not haply so necessary for him in the time of Innocency or not expressed by name for food at the time of his Creation But after the Fall being killed for cloathing and offered in sacrifices to God even by Abel himself It is not to be imagined but that they did eate of the flesh of them as in sacrifices was ever usual And therefore also for those ends and uses the distinction of them into cleane and uncleane was made even before the flood And seven of the Cleane reserved for sacrifice and food whereas two sufficed as in the Uncleane for preservation of Seed Gen. 7. 2. And the words of our Saviour noting the old world for their eating and drinking before the flood came on Matth. 24. 38. implies rather an abuse in the excesse then an abstinence from the use of flesh and other delicacies V. 30. Every green herb for meat But after the Fall of man beasts and birds of prey and fishes eate and devour one another CHAP. II. Ver. 3. BEcause that in it This being alledged as the Reason of the Sabbath Exod. 20. 11. 31. 17. shews it to be here instituted before the Fall And then no doubt but Gods people had more need or the same Ordinance and Help in Religion ever since the Fall And the Rulers Narrative to Moses speech or question Exod. 16. 22 23. seems to me to imply the keeping of the Sabbath by the Jewes before the giving of Manna in the Wildernesse Exod. 16. 5. not appearing to be made known to the people till after the Rulers relation of sin And Gods direction to Moses And apparently it was kept before the giving of the Law on Mount Sinai V. 4. the Lord God Here first the word Jehova is used And after often in this Chapter Gen. 15. 7. 22. 14. 26. 24. 27. 20. 28. 13. and in many places more And therefore Exod. 6. 3. But by my Name Jehova was I not known to them is spoken comparatively not known so fully in making good my promises by answerable effects as now
be sprinkled seven times before the Lord before the vaile of the Sanctuary And then some of it to be put upon the hornes of the Altar of sweet incense before the Lord and the rest of the blood to be poured out at the bottome of the Altar of the burnt-offering as in the sin-offering of the Holy Priest Levit 4. v. 5 6 7. And of the whole Congregation ch 4. v. 16 17 18. Sometimes it was to be put upon the tip of the right eare and upon the thumb of the right hand and upon the great toe of the right foot and some of the blood upon the Altar was to be sprinkled upon the garments as Moses did at the consecration of Aaron and his sonnes Levit. 8. 23 24 30. all which was typical and ceremonial In summe it was given upon the Altar to make an atonement for soules for it is the blood that maketh an atonement for the soule Lev. 17. 11. and almost all things are by the Law purged with blood and without shedding of blood is no remission Heb. 9. 22. But with them blood was never at any time or upon any occasion to be eaten Lev. 7. 26 27. 1 Sam. 14. 32 33 34. And the Apostles make a decree for the forbearance of eating things strangled and blood Acts 15. 20. yet now the ceremonial Law being expired and the restraint in this text not so clear and full or not reaching to all people in all ages out of the case of scandal which occasioned the Apostles necessary 1 Cor. 8. 13. though temporary decree I see no necessity enforcing the contrary but that Christians may use their Christian liberty knowing that to the pure all things are pure that meat commends us not to God that whatsoever is sold in the shambles that we may eat asking no question for conscience sake V. 5. And surely your blood of your lives Your life-blood The reason of the former prohibition Of every beast Exod. 21. 28. mans brother All men are brethren Act. 17. 26. V. 6. Whoso sheddeth Wittingly and wilfully Numb 35. 31. else Cities of Refuge weee appointed as may be seen Numb 35. 11 15 22 23. Deut. 29. 3 6. by man Magistrate Revenger of blood Numb 35. 19 21 27. for in the image This reason sheweth death to be due for murther before the flood and from the beginning though God extraordinarily suffered Cain to live a life likely worse then death as a spectacle of his wrath all his age To deny the legal and military use of the sword to Christians is an Anabaptistical faucie V. 10. And with every living creature For mans sake for whom they were made and in the flood for his sin destroyed V. 11. All flesh No universal deluge though particular countreys may be drowned by the waters of a flood Yet in the end by fire 2 Pet. 3. 7 10. the earth As ch 6. 11. V. 13. My bowe Wittily say some bended upwards and withoâ—t any arrow in it This was in the clouds before naturally But now significatively instituted to this use to be a token of this Covenant for the assurance of the truth and performance of it and Gods oath annexed to it Esay 54. 9. V. 14. When I bring a cloud At sometimes V. 18. And Ham is the father of Canaan So againe v. 22. To imply the reason why Canaan is cursed v. 25 26 27. And that the Israelites who in Moses time and after were commanded to root them out might know that they were of an accursed race and off-spring V. 20. Began In the new world a new beginner yet some yeares after the flood V. 21. Uncovered Likely wearing long and loose garments without breeches As likely David did when Michal mocked him 2 Sam. 6. 20. To prevent which linnen breeches were commanded to Priests Exod. 28. 42. Ezech. 44. 19. and Gods Altar was to be builded without steps Exod. 20. 26. V. 22. And told He should have concealed it from his brethren and covered it himself V. 24. And knew Upon enquiry or otherways by relation or revelation V. 25. Said Prophetically both in his cursing and blessing by warrant of Gods Spirit V. 25. Cursed be Canaan Not naming Cham. But shewing thereby the curse to be entailed on him and on Canaan his fourth sonne ch 10. 6. then borne and haply a Partner in his fathers sinne and on his posterity after him Prov. 30. 17. a servant of servants Thus fore-doom'd to a most servile slavish estate and condition This most seen long after in the Gibeouites Josh. 9. 21. and in the Canaanites As the blessing on Japhet was long after fulfilled when the Gentiles became Christians V. 26. Blessed be the Lord God of Shem Shem blessed because God is called his God Psal. 144. 15. He named before Japheth his elder brother in covering his fathers nakednesse v. 23. and Canaan shall be his servant So to Chadorâ—aomeâ—â— of Shems progeny being King of Elam ch 14. 1 4 c. and ch 10. 22. so in the times of Joshuah Judges and Kings of Judah and Israel V. 27. In the tents of Shem In the Church become Converts and Christians Eph. 2. 13 14 19. 3. 6. even when Shems posterity the natural branches was much out off Rom. 11. 11. and Canaan shall be his servant Alexander the Great and the Romanes subdued them V. 29. And he died living almost to the birth of Abram CHAP. X. Verse 1. JAphet He is renowned in the ancient Greek Writers called Iupetos V. 2. Madai Of him the Medes Javan Of him the countrey Ionia the Grecians V. 5. Isles Properly or improperly such countreys whereto the Jewes from their land could not passe but by shipping the Province of Europe here meant every one after his tongue As it fell out after that division of tongues ch 11. 9. V. 6 Cush Cushians or the Ethiopians near the Arabian sea Mizraim Egyptians Mizraim in the Old Testament is alwayes called Egypt in the New Testament V. 7. Seba Whence came the West-African-Ethiopians and likely the Queen of Shebah 1 King 10. 1. called the Queen of the South coming from the uttermost parts of the earth Matth. 12. 42. And the Eâ—nuch of Candacâ— Acts 8. 27. Havilah In Arabiah V. 8. And Cush begat Nimrod Reserved here to the last place because Moses meant to speak most of him a mighty one Usurped by violence a more imperious Power and Government then formerly was used and enlarged his dominions V. 9. A mighty Hunter Hunter of men Tyrants and Oppressors are called Hunters Jer. 16. 16. before the Lord Openly without feare of God V. 10. Babel ch 11. 9. Semiramis then the wife of Ninus sonne to this Nimrod or Belus as profane Authors have it founded not this City but repaired it After Nimrods time it seems the seat of that Monarchy being the first was translared to Nineveb in Assyria Micah 5. 6. And after many ages Babylon rebuilt by Nebuchadnezzar Dan. 4. 30. Shinar Comprehending Mesopotamia situate
transgresse Amos 4. 4. And seriously forbids them to seek to Bethel for Bethel shall come to nought but chargeth them to seek the Lord. lest he break out like fire and there be none to quench it in Bethel ch 5. 5 6 7. Upon his preaching Amaziah the Priest of Bethel sends to Jeroboam against him and forbids him to prophesie any more at Bethel for it is the Kings Chappel and it is the Kings Court ch 7 10 13. Josiah in his dayes performed all that was sore told by the man of God 1 Kings 13. He brake down the Altar and burnt the bones of men upon it And the idolatrous pollutions of the Temple of Jerusalem he burnt and carried the ashes of them to Bethel so far off on purpose to defile that place which the ten idolatrous tribes had held so sacred 2 Kings 23. 15. 19. 4. Thus large have I been on this place once for all purposing to make a reference hither whenever I shall meet with the name elsewhere â—uz at the first This name in use ch 35. 6. 48. 3. and in Joshuahs time Josh. 18. 13. See Judg. 1. 23 26. It signifieth Nut-tree whence the City might have its name as Jericho is called the City of Palme-trees 2 Chron. 28. 15. Deut. 34. 3. V. 20. Vowed a Vâ—w There is an Oath a Vow and a devoting of a thing to God of an Oath see Annot. on ch 24. 3. of the devoting any thing See Lev. 27. 28 29. A Vow is a binding of the soule with a bond by a sacred and solemne a free and voluntary Promise made to God for the doing or more careful doing of things which otherwise by our duty and Gods Law we are bound to do or for the doing of certain things lawful in themselves but otherwise left indifferent to be done or not to be done or for the abstaining from the use of some things otherwise lawful to be used And all this in way of thankfulness to God for some extraordinary blessings received or for the obtaining of some special benefits which we greatly desire and stand in need of And therefore Vowes are ever joyned with Prayers or Praises and Thanksgiving or both And these Vowes once made must carefully be kept and performed Thus Jocob here vowed by way of thankfulnesse to God for this glorious Apparition and the gracious Promises vouchsafed to him and for further and future blessings to be received from God that God should be his God this should be a new engagement and obligation upon him that he would for ever serve and worship him and that that stone or pillar now erected by him should be Gods house a place consecrated to his worship and service and that he would give the tenth of all he should have to God and for his special use in Sacrifices Altars sacred buildings and maintenance of his service Thus Hannah vowed that if God would deliver her from the reproach of barrennesse and give her a man-child she would give him to the Lord all the dayes of his life and no razour should come upon his head 1 Sam 1. 11. Thus Bathsheba it seems made a Vow for the obtaining of Solomon whence she calleth him the sonne of her Vowes Prov. 31. 2. Thus Jephthah made a Vow to obtain victory against the children of Ammon Judg 11. 30 39. And all Israel to obtain victory against King Arad the Canaanite and his people Numb 21. 1 2. Thus David vowed unto the mighty God of Jacob forthwith to finde out a place for the habitation of the Lord Psal. 132. 2 3. Thus Paul was under a Vow Acts 18. 18. And again he and foure other men Act. 21 23 24. Yea the Heathen Mariners by the light of nature made vows to the Lord vowes of thankfulnesse for their deliverance from shipwrack Jonah 1. 16. In Moses time the vow of a Nazarite and Lawes for them are set down at large Numb 6. as also the things to be vowed to the Lord as persons beasts clean and unclean houses fields of inheritance and of purchase whether vowed before the year of Jubile or after and the several Lawes for the Redemption of them Lev. 27. And in that Mosaical and Ceremonial Law God carefully provides that no unworthy thing shall be vowed to him no beast deformed or that hath any member superfluous or lacking or any way faulty Lev. 22. 18 21 22 23. Mal. 1. 14. Much lesse the hire of a whore or price of a dog Deut. 23. 18. any sinful thing as those wicked men of Judah did in their idolatrous ways both they and their wives which fled into the land of Egypt contrary to the Word of the Lord by Jeremie say We will surely perform our vowes which we have vowed to burne incense to the Queen of heaven and to poure out drink-offerings unto her Jer. 44. 25. And least of all would he have any sinful vow made unto him Now to forbear to vow is no sin Deut. 23. 22. at least no such sin as if they vow and pay not as John 9. 41. If ye were blinde ye should have no sin no such sin as now remaineth on you for refusing the light And the like John 15. 22 24. For howsoever in the general a vow is a kinde of a free-will-offering a service of God Esay 19. 21. but an arbitrary and voluntary service Before men vow it is in their own power and pleasure as it is spoken in Ananias his case Acts 5. 4. yet in some extraordinary cases of petition and thanksgiving vowes are requisite and necessary And however yet being once made lawfully after vowes to make enquiry undoubtedly it is sin But after vowes to make enquiry is a snare and sin Prov. 20. 25. For who vowes bindes his soule with a bond Numb 30. 3. And therefore when a lawful vow is lawfully made then God strictly requires the same to be punctually performed Deut. 23. 21 23. Eccl. 5. 4 5 6. And for that cause he gives Laws who have power to vow and who may not vow namely children and wives who are not free of themselves but under the power and command of others Numb 30. David therefore is mindful of his performance Thy vowes are upon me O God Psal 56. 12. and 66. 13 14. And he mindes others of it Vow and pay unto the Lord your God Psal. 76. 11. And again To thee shall the vow be paid Ps. 65. 1 2. And he saith unto God Thou O God hast heard my vowes And so will I sing praise unto thy Name for ever that I may daily performe my vowes Ps 61. 5 8. If God will be with me Prayer-wise respecting the Promile v. 15. and will keep me Respects the Promise likewise v. 15. and bindes upon it for if here hath the signification of when as in 1 Sam. 15. 17. And is here a word of doubting or of condition but of faith and inference of his duty of thankfulnesse bread to eate 1 Tim. 6. 8. V.
one certain time and these two Evenings in the larger or stricter signification to be contiguous or continued rather to be that Communis terminus which couples the end of the day and the beginning of the night together or the two extremities of our Evening-tide whereof the former belongs to the end and shutting up of the natural day preceding and the later to the beginning of the night which leades on and ushers in the natural or civil day following as the first part of it So that this time is a participle of both or a Borderer betwixt both as the large Annotations fitly expresse it Two side-posts In this first Passeover each Head of a family served as a Priest verse 7 divers Rites were enjoyned which were not observed or required afterwards And the second moneth also allowed for it Num. IX 11 And other seven dayes 2 Chron. XXX 23. No maner of work On divers Feast-dayes of the Jewes it was not lawful for them to do any servile work verse 16 On others any kinde or maner of work save that which every man must eate But on the Sabbath day and so likely on the day of expiation that it self was unlawful or to kindle a fire on it Exod. XII 16. and Ch. XVI 5 23. and Ch. XXXV 2 3. And much more to do any maner of work upon it Neh. XIII v. 15 22. Jer. XVII 21 22. though for the making of the Tabernacle it self Exod. XXXI 11 12 13. or at any time in earing-time or harvest Exod. XXXIV 21. And that upon paine of death Exod. XXXV 2. For ever Many Legal Ceremonies verse 17 or Ordinances are enjoyned the Jewes to be observed throughout their generations for ever all which yet ended at the coming of Christ in the flesh And some such enjoyned in like termes yet ended in the year of Jubile Exod. XXI 6. Levit. XXV 40. Of this see more in the Observations on Deut. XV. 17. 430 years These do commence from the first Promise made to Abram verse 40 in Ur of the Chaldees whence 30 of the years are made up thus viz 5. in Haran 11 in Canaan when Ishmael was borne Gen XVI 3. And 14 years of Ishmaels age when Isaac was borne Gen. XVII 25. and Ch. XVIII 10. and XVI 16. and XXI 5. And the 400. begin from Isaacs birth as was shewed on Gen. XV. 13. By day in a Pillar of a cloud The Pillar of a cloud by day and of fire by night chapter XIII verse 21 may seem to be two Pillars Exod. XIII 21. 22. Nehem. IX 12 19. Num. XIV 14. Or rather seeme to be one Pillar Exod. XIV 19 20 24. Spread as a cloud by day to cover them from heat and gathered up into a Pillar of fire by night to guide them Out of which God spake unto them Psal. XCIX 7. Num. XII 5 10. Deut. XXXI 15. See the Annotations on Esay IV. 5. Migdol A strong City or Fort chapter XIV verse 2 situate in the territory of Bethshemesh in Egypt not farre from the Red-sea Num. XXXIII 7 8. Jer XLIV 1. Before the Testimony This command for Aaron to lay up the Pot of Manna before the Lord chapter XVI verse 34 was performed by him in laying it not before the Testimony not at this time of the Command here but after the Ark and two Tables of the Covenant were made Exod. XXXIII 29. and Ch. XXXVII 1 c. An Omer The Omer and Ephah here seeme quite altered in that Visionary New State of Israel chapter XVI verse 36 Ezek. XLV 11. Unlesse Gnomer and Chomer be two several measures which I rather incline unto and conceive the truth to be this That 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Exod. XVI 36. is the tenth part of an Ephah as is there set down whereunto accords that ver 16. it being the measure of the eating of Manna sufficient for a man by the day But 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ezek. XLV containes ten Ephahs or Baths both being of the same measure v. 11. and 14. And hereunto accords that Esay V. 10. where one 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for so the word is there written as it is in Ezek. XLV yeelds but one Ephah i. e. the tenth part of the seed it being a judgement of famine there denounced See also Levit. XXVII 16. And this may serve for the better explication of my Annotations upon that place of Ezekiel contained in the second Edition of the great Annotations printed 1651. Rock Rocks twice smitten chapter XVII verse 6 this Rock Exod. XVII 6. And that water going likely into the Red Sea and so failing them in the 32. Station at Ezion-gaber Upon their new murmuring another Rock was smitten 39 years after Num. 20. 1 13. And both called the waters of Meribah Went up Moses nine or ten times goes up to the Lord on Mount Sinai chapter XIX verse 3 See Exod. XIX 3 7 8 10 14 20 21 25. and Ch. XX. 21. and Ch. XXIV 3 12 13 15 18. and Ch. XXXII 7 15 30. and Ch. XXXIII 6 7 21. and Ch. XXXIV 2 29 34. Moses spake This speech verse 19 not mentioned what it was But seems to be that recorded Heb. XII 21. Priests So verse 22 v. 24. These Priests probably seeme to be the fathers of the families The young men Exod. XXIV 5. might possibly be of those Primogeniti or First-borne which God first challenged to himself within one quarter of a year before Exod. XIII 2. and Ch. XXII 29. And for them the Levites were taken in afterwards Num. III. 12 13 40 41 45. and Ch. VIII 18. Or else such as Moses pleased to imploy in slaying and dressing at least of these Sacrifices Called young men likely as those servants of the King of Assyria are called in the Original young men 2 King XIX 6. An Altar These Altars mentioned in this verse chapter XX verse 24 and v. 25 26. were allowed and appointed for the time much differing from those by appointment made when the Tabernacle and Temple were erected and builded Exod. XXVII 1 c. 2 Chron. IV. 1. Of Altars see more on Levit. XVII 3. In the seventh In the Seventh and Sabbatical year chapter XXI verse 2 beginning in September as the Iubile did The Book of the Law was to be read publikely and solemnly in the beginning of that year The Land was to rest from Culture Lendings vouchsafed to poor Hebrews and then due were to be released and intermitted if not clean remitted Luke VI. 35. Hebrew servants both men and women though bought if not redeemed before were to go out free if themselves would and that liberally furnished Exod. XXI 2 7. and XXIII 11 16. Levit. XXV 4 5 6 7 20 21 22. Deut. XV. 1 18. Jer. XXXIV 14. Who hath betrothed her to himself The Hebrew Text hath 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 signifying Not chapter XXI verse 8 and so runs thus Who hath not betroathed her But the Hebrew Criticks commonly called Masorets put for
first moneth of the second year of their coming out of Egypt whiles yet they stayed at Mount Sinai Compare together Exod. XL. 2 17. Levit. I. 1. and Chap. XXVII 34. and Num. I. 1. And this was in the 2509 year of the world thus 1656. to the Flood Thence to Abrams birth in the 130 year of Terah 352. Thence to Isaac's birth 100. Thence to Jacob's birth 60. Thence to Jacob's going down into Egypt 130. Thence to the coming out of Egypt 210 and one year after their coming forth in all 2509. And not in the year of the world 2455. or 2514. This Book contains principally the Function and Offices of the Levites And Ceremonials concerning Sacrifices and Feasts Rites and Purifications Delivered by God to Moses out of the Tabernacle of the Congregation when it was newly reared Levit. I. 1. And accordingly is that Levit. XXV 1. to be expounded The moneth of this Book may seeme to be thus spent taken up and subdivided viz 1. Day The Tabernacle Altar and all other things belonging to the Sanctuary reared placed anointed Exod. XL. Levit. VIII The Consecration of Aaron and his sonnes Commanded Exod. XXIX Begun Exod. XL. fully finished Levit. VIII in the space of seven dayes And seven dayes to make an Atonement for the Altar and sanctifie it Exod. XXIX 37. 8. Day The Princes Offerings of six Waggons and twelve Oxen for carriage and service of the Tabernacle Their Offerings at the Dedication of the Altar each Prince on his day which so continued twelve dayes Num. VII And likely during that time of twelve dayes Moses received from the Lord out of the Tabernacle of the Congregation those Lawes for Sacrifices and Offerings Levit. Ch. I VII 8. Day The Consecration of Aaron and his sonnes being ended Aaron doth first Sacrifice Levit. IX In the sacrifices and offerings Levitically are considerable Principally and more Generally The Persons Offerer or Bringer Lev. 1. 4. and 3. 2. and 7. 30. Sacrificer Priests Lev. 1. 6. 2 Chron. 29. 24. Now wine or strong drink When c. Lev. 10. 9. Levites in some part and in some cases 2 Chron. 29. 34. and ch 35. 11 14. Place Lev. 17. 3. 9. Deut. 12. 5 14. and ch 16 5 6. Fire Came down from Heaven Lev 19. 24. See further 1 Kings 18. 38. 1 Chron. 21. 26. 2 Chron. 7. 1. Must never be suffered to go out Lev. 6. 12 13. notwithstanding their journeys in the wildernesse Numb 4 13. Fat in Sacrifices alwayes to be burnt and what fat Lev. 3. 16 17. Other cases when Not to be eaten Leviticus 7. 23 25. To be eaten Leviticus 7. 23 25. Nehemiah 8. 10. To be used otherwise Liviticus 7. 24. Oile Lâ—viticus 2. and 14. Exod. 29. Ezra 7. 22. Salt Levit. 2. 13. Ezek. 43. 24. Mar. 9. 49. Ezra 6. 9. and 7. 22. Blood Never to be eaten Gen. 9. 4. Lev. 7. 26 27. and 17. 10 14. 1 Sam. 14. 13. Deut. 12. 16 23 24 25. In sacrifices Sprinkled sometimes Before the vail of the Sanctuary and upon the hornes of the Altar of incense Lev. 4. 6 7 17 18. Upon the hornes of the Altar of burnt-offerings Lev. 4. 25 30. 34. Round about upon the Altar of Burnt-offering Lev. 1. 5 11. and 3 2 8 13. and 7 2. Wrung out at the side of the Altar Lev. 1 15. and 5. 9. Poured out at the side of the Altar or at the bottome of the Altar Leviticus 4 7 18. 25 30 34 and 8 15. Particularly The Kindes and sorts of them Burnt-offering or Holocaust Lev. 1. Matter of Cattel Herd Oxen or Bullocks Males Flock Sheep Males Goates Males Fowle Tuttle-Doves Young Pigeons Manner and Law of it Lev. 1 and ch 6. 9 13. and ch 7. 8. Numb 10. 10. and ch 15. 5 8 11 12. Meat-offering Lev. 2. Matter of Fine flower No Honey Leaven v. 11. Oile No Honey Leaven v. 11. Incense No Honey Leaven v. 11. Salt No Honey Leaven v. 11. Or of first-fruits in the eare No Honey Leaven v. 11. No Honey Manner and Law of it Lev. 2. and ch 6. 14 18. and 7. 9 10 and 10. 12 13. Numb 15. 1 16. and 18. 9 10. Drink-offering Matter wine Manner Measure and Law of it Lev 23. 13 18 37. Numb 6. 15 17 and ch 15. 5 7 10 24. and ch 28. 7 31. and ch 29. 6 11 39. 1 Chron. 9. 29. and 29. 21. 2 Chron. 29. 35. Ezra 7. 17. Ezek 45. 17. Jer. 44. 17. 2 Kings 16. 13 15. Deut. 32 38. Ezra 7. 12. Meat and drink-offerings ever joyned together Numb 16. 35 12. And joyned almost to all other sacrifices Numb 6. 15 17. 1 Chron. 21. 23. and 29. 21. 1 Kings 8. 64. Ezra 7. 17. 2 Chron. 29. 35 Peace-offerings Or Gratulatory of Thanksgiving Lev. 3. Matter of Herd Oxe or Bullock male or female Flock Lambe male or female Goate male or female Manner and Law of it Lev. 3. and ch 7. 11 34. and 10. 14 15. and ch 22. 23 29 30. Numb 10. 10. touching the wave-breast and heave-shoulder See Lev. 7. 30 34. Sin-offering of ignorance Lev. 4. Of the High-Priest the matter and manner of it Lev. 4. 1 12. and 6. 30. and 10. 16 17 18. Whole Congregation the matter and manner of it Lev. 4. 13 21. and 6. 30. Numb 15. 22 26. Ruler the matter a male and manner of it Lev. 4. 22 26. and ch 6. 25 29. Vulgar the matter a female and manner of it Lev. 4. 27 35. and 6 25 29. Num. 15. 27 28. and 18 9 10 Trespasse-offering for sins of Ignorance Lev. 5. in Divers things ch 51 13. And therein after confession both the matter female and manner of it Holy things Lev. 5. 15 -19 by Diminution or Sacriledge matter and manner of it adding the fifth part with thy estimation Otherwise matter and manner of it with thy estimation Knowledg by Weaknesse in divers cases with the matter a Ram and manner of it Lev. 6. 1. 8. Numb 5. 6 7 8. adding a fifth part with thy estimation Presumption there is no sacrifice for it but death Num. 15. 30 36. As the sin-offering is so is the trespasse-offering there is one law for them Lev. 7. 1 7. And in some things they are hardly distinguishable And the trespasse-offering seems to be for the greater offences Times wherin several sorts of them were to beused And so some were Voluntary free-will-offerings At pleasure as many times the whole burnt-offerings and peace-offerings See those at the Deduction of the Ark 1 Kings 8. 5. 2 Sam. 6. 13 17. Dedication of the Temple 1 Kings 8. 63. Walls of Jerusalem Nehem. 12. 43. Upon voluntary Promise by Vow Lev. 22. 23. and Deut. 12. 17 26. and 23. 21. See here the Law of the Nazarites Numb 6. Injoyned upon Fixt Times Daily morning and evening Exod. 29 38. Numb 28. 3 8 Weekly on the Sabbath-day Numb 28. 9 10. Monethly on the first day Numb 28. 11 15. and 10. 10.
unclean might eate of common meats as the child-bed-woman Levit. XII But in no case of Sacred meats as Leviticus VII 20. Fat the Fat of other cleane Beasts then of such as were fit for Sacrifice verse 25 was allowed to be eaten Levit. VII 25. The Fat also of the flesh or body of the beast sacrificed might lawfully be eaten Neh. VIII 10. Esay XXV 6. and LV. 2. But the Fat or Suet that was about the flanck and the kidneys or about and upon the entrails Levit. III. 3 4. was reserved out of all Sacrifices as Gods portion to be burnt upon his Altar Levit. III. 15 16. and IV. 8 10. and XVII 6. Deut. XXXII 38. 1 Sam. II. 15 16. And is forbidden therefore to be eaten by any Levit. III. 17. and XVII 23 25. Take Aaron On the same day chapter VIII verse 2 36. that is the first day of the first moneth of the second year Moses began to consecrate and anoint the Tabernacle Altar and all things belonging to them As also Aaron and his sonnes Exod. XL. 1 17. Levit. VIII 1 36. Anointed Aaron and all his sons were at first anointed verse 12 v. 30. Num. III. 3. XXXV 25. Psal. CXXXIII 2. Not the Levites And the High-Priest onely was anointed afterwards Exod. XXIX 29 30. Levit. XVI 32. We read oft of the Anointing of Kings 1 Sam. X. 1. XVI 13. 2 Sam. 11. 4. 1 Kings I. 39. 2 Kings IX 6. XXIII 30. Psal. LXXXIX 20. But never of Prophets That of Elisaeus 1 Kings XIX 16. seemes not to have beene done with material oile see ver 19. As neither that of Hazael to be King of Syria compare 1 Kings XIX 15. with 2 Kings VIII 13. nor that of Absolon 2 Sam. XIX 10. nor that of Cyrus Esay XLV 1. there being no such custome of oiling Kings in his Countrey But anointing in those places is taken simply without that Ceremony for designing them to their Offices Burned Moses at the Consecration of Aaron verse 1 and his sons Sacrificed with Common Fire See ver 20. 21 28. But upon Aarons first Sacrificing fire came out from before the Lord out of the Sanctuary or came down from heaven rather Levit. IX 24. which must never after be suffered to go out Nadab and Abihu Nadab and Abihu took Strange or Common Fire chapter X verse 16 and not fire from the Altar of Burnt-Offering which was sent from heaven to burne Incense therewith before the Lord on the Altar of Incense as the dayly duty required at or before the dayly morning Sacrifice But fire from the Lord as Num. XVI 35. that is from heaven or the Sanctuary or from the Altar of burnt-Offering like lightning strook them with sudden death not consuming their bodies or their coats Levit. X. 4 5. Some Names of some Beasts chapter XI and Birds and Fishes as also of some Trees and Apparel and some other Hebrew words having no mate in Scripture are to us now and so to the modern Jewes of uncertain signification See also the Annotations on Esay III. 18 23. and on Jer. XVII 3. Hoof The Beasts verse 3 dividing the hoof that is into two clawes and also chewing the cud were clean and to be eaten See ver 26. Deut. XIV 6. Fins Fish here we meet with a phrase of a flesh of fish verse 9 Levit. XI 11. and Num. XI 22. as well as 1 Cor. XV. 39. that had Fins and Scales were likewise cleane and to be eaten Deut. XIV 9 10. Come not The High-Priest must enter into the most Holy place but once in the year chapter XVI verse 2 on the tenth day of the seventh moneth Levit. XVI 29 34. Exod. XXX 10. Heb. IX 7. That is for his Priestly Ministration and Expiation And then he was to be cloathed not with the glorious garments which were peculiar to the High-Priest but with those which were Common to him with the inferiour Priests Levit. XVI 4. as being a day of Humiliation and Afflicting the soul Levit. XVI 29. Yet upon other necessary occasions he might enter in at other times as at the taking down and setting up of the Tabernacle in their removals and journeys in the Wildernesse And when they took thence the Arke upon severall occasions as Josh. VI. 4. 1. Sam. IV. 3. Not to the doore No Sacrifices must be offered chapter XVII verse 3 9. but by Priests nor killed by any but the Priests except in some extraordinary Cases by the Levites but never by the Bringer for whom it was offered Nor was it to be offered at any other place but upon the Altar of Burnt-Offering at the Tabernacle Levit. XVII 3 9. Yet upon Extraordinary and necessary Occasions God commands Deut. XXVII 5 6 7 8. And holy men of Prophetical spirits though not Priests did Sacrifice and for a present time and use did make and use other Altars as Samuel 1 Sam. VII 9 17. and Ch. XI 15. and Ch. XVI 2 5. And David 2 Sam. VI. 13. and XXIV 18 25. And Solomon 1 King VIII 64. And Elijah 1 King XVIII 32. And Gideon and Manoah See Judg. II. 5. and VI. 26. and XIII 16 19. and XXI 4. Blood Blood to make an atonement for their souls Levit. XVII chapter II 11. As a Type of the Messias his Blood Rom. 3. 25. Ephes. I. 7. Col. I. 14 20. Heb. IX 12 22. which is the principal cause of the prohibition of the eating of Blood Defiled The dignity and estimation of the Priest chapter XXI verse 11 and principaly of the High-Priest See v. 4 7 8 9 15. and v. 21 23. is remarkable Burnt The Capitall punishments among the Jewes verse 9 were Burning Gen. XXXVIII 24. Levit. XXI 9. Josh. VII 15. Stoning Levit. XX. 2 27. and 24. 14 16 23. Hanging Num. XXV 4. Deut. XXI 22. And in after-times by example of the Romanes Crucifying and Beheading as in our Saviour and John Baptist. Superfluous In a Freewill-Offering chapter XXII verse 23 the Sacrifice which had something Superfluous or lacking in his parts was accepted To the Feasts chapter XXIII Levit. XXIII are added the Feasts of the New-Moones Num. XXVIII 11 15. 1 Chron. 23. 31. 2 Chron. II. 4. and Ch. VIII 13. The Feast of Purim Esth. IX 17 19 22 26 28. And of that Dedication John X. 22. Sabbath Sabbath is called Sabbath of Rest or Rest of Rest and so verse 3 v. 32. And Sabbath sometimes signifies besides the seventh day weekly other Feast-dayes also as Levit. XXIII 11 24 32 39. And sometimes the whole week as Levit. XXIII 15. Luke XVIII 12. John XX. 1. Of the Sabbath-day see the Annotations on Jer. XVII 21 22 24 27. The seventh moneth The seventh moneth had as many Feasts in it verse 24 as all the year almost beside Levit. XXIII Deut. XVI And the only set Fast-day Of blowing of Trumpets The Feast of blowing Trumpets was the first day of the seventh moneth Beside the Feast of the New-Moone Levit. XXIII v. 24. And
11 12 17 18 26. and Ch. XIV 22 26. And this second Tythe seems every third year to be distributed to the poor Or rather a third Tythe every third year not carried to Jerusalem and eaten there But gathered for these charitable uses onely and to be eaten any where throughout the Land Deut. XIV 28 29. and XXVI 12 13. And this third year is therefore called the year of Tything Deut. XXVI 12. Amos IV. 4. Of Tythes see more 2 Chron. XXXI 4 19. Nehem. X. 32 39. and XII 44 47. and XIII 5 12 13. Mal. III. 8 10. Luke XI 42. and XVIII 12. Heb. VII 2 9. The great maintenance of the Levites appears in that the whole Tribe of Levi being three or four times lesse in number then any other Tribe yet had they distinguished from all the Priests the Tythes of all the Tribes and so more then any one other Tribe Besides their thirty five Cities and Suburbs whereof five were Cities of Refuge Josh. XXI one belonging to the Kohathites Levites two to the Gershonites and two to the Merarites In all twice at least more Cities then some other Tribes had that were twice their number See also that Num. XXXI 30 47. The greater maintenance of the Priests appears in that being but three persons at first at least of ripe and mature age yet they had the Tythes yearly of all the Levites Tythes which were at first 8580 of thirty years old and upwards and so about the hundred part of all the fruits and increase of all Israel And as the numbers of the Priests multiplied afterwards so did in all probability the number of the other Tribes They had also all the First-fruits of all things from all persons throughout the twelve Tribes even of their doughs and bakings Deut. XVIII 4. Num. XV. 20 21. which as some think exceeded their Tythes aforesaid They had also all the First-borne of Oxen Sheep and Goats which were given to them in kinde And the Redemption money of the First-borne of Men and of unclean Beasts and cattell Num. III. 46 52. Exod. XXXIV 19. 20 and Ch. XXII 29 30. Deut. XV. 19. They had also all Oblations both Voluntary and by Vow And the Redemption of Things and of Persons Devoted to God And all Sacrifices for Sinnes and for Trespasses and the Meat and Drink Offerings and Heave-offerings And the Breast and Shoulder in Peace-offerings Deut. XVIII 3. And the Skins of the whole Burnt-offerings And all their Tythes First-fruits and Oblations were to be of the best and choisest sorts Num. XVIII 12 29. Besides these they had thirteen Cities and Suburbs and Priviledges belonging to them whereof one was a City of Refuge Josh XXI 13. See Num. XVIII 8 19. And that also Num. XXXI 28 29 37 38 39 40 50. Levit. X. 12 13 14 15. and Ch. XXVII 21 28. See the Annotations on Num. XVIII 29. Rock At Rephidim by Mount Sinai chapter XX verse 8. 13. Exod. XVII 1 7. being the eleventh Station of the Israelites Num. XXXIII 14. Moses with his miraculous Rod struck the Rock in Horeb in a due obedience to Gods commandment and waters came forth And he named the place Massah and Meribah Exod. XVII 5 6 7. But at Kadesh in the Wildernesse of Zin where Miriam died being the thirty third Station Num. XXXIII 36. Moses with Aarons miraculous Rod for he took it from before the Lord as he commanded him having his spirit provoked by the rebellious people smiles the Rock twice without any such command or commission to smite at all And he and Aaron likewise speak unadvisedly with their lips uttering words of passion and incredulity and so rebelling against Gods commandment And thereupon they not sanctifying the Lord in the eyes of the children of Israel He was sanctified in them by his excluding them from entrance into the Land of Canaan And this also is called the water of Meribah or Strife as here so Ch. XXVII 14. Psal. CVI. 32 33. Aaron Aaron chapter XX verse 28 whose name may seem to signifie an Ark or Chest dies seven moneths and seven dayes before Moses at Mount Hor the Place called Mosera Deut. X 6. in the thirty fourth Station For Aaron dying in the fourtieth year fifth moneth first day Num. XXXIII 38. And that compared with the moneths mourning for Moses Deut. XXXIV 8. and three dayes preparation to passe over Jordan Josh. I. 1. and Ch. III. 2. And their coming out of Jordan on the first moneth tenth day Josh. IV. 19. Do shew that Moses died in the twelfth moneth seventh day And so seven moneths and seven dayes after Aaron In which short interval of time many and mighty things were done and atchieved as among other things Sihon and Og and their Kingdomes conquered the Midianites almost destroyed among whom Balaam was slaine Josh. XIII 22. and the book of Deuteronomie written Num. XXI and XXXI Deut. I. 1 3. Fiery Serpents onely in the later part of the fourtieth year chapter XXI verse 6 after Aarons death Heshbon Heshbon a chief City in Moab verse 26 afterwards of Sihon King of the Amorites Deut. I. 4. afterwards of Gad and out of that Tribe given to the Merarites Josh. XIII 26. and XXI 38 39 40. 1 Chron. VI. 80 81. Afterwards recovered by the Moabites and wasted by Shalmanesar Esay XV. 4. and XVI 8 9. and after by the Babylonians Jer. XLVIII 45. There may seeme to be another Heshbon of the Ammonites Jer. XLIX 2 3. And one in the Tribe of Reuben Num. XXXII 37. Josh. XIII 15 17. Heshbon signifies Devises And an allusion is made to the name Jer. XLVIII 2. in the judgement there denounced against it like to this is English There is mischief devised against the Devises the name of a town with us Balak Balak needed not to have hired Balaam chapter XXII verse 2 and feared Israel Num. XXII and XXIII and XXIV if he had known the prohibition of God to Israel Deut. II. 9. which they obeyed Judg. II. 15 17 18 25. 2 Chron. XX. 10. Yet that part which was great of the Lands of Moab which Sihon had lately conquered from Vehab King of Moab as Tremelius translates Num. XXI 26. the Israelites conquering Sihon in that right possessed it Num. XXXIII 49. Deut. I. 5. and XXXIV 1 5 6 8. and it was given to the Reubenites and Gadites Josh. XIII Unicorne So Deut. chapter XXIII verse 22 XXXIII 17. Job XXXIX 9 10. Psal. XXII 21. and XXIX 6. and XCII 10. Esay XXXIV 7. Yet the translation of the word is doubted of or at least the nature of the beast such as the Pensil of our Painters doth portray out unto us because no such beast was known or seen by any man And the Unicornes horne so deemed is of some strange Fish not of any known Beast Some learned render the word Bufale or Buff or else the wild Oxe called by the Latines Urus eminent for bignesse strength hornes and untamable fiercenesse
and Bathshebah are mentioned Now there being four hundred and eighty years from the coming of the children of Israel out of Egypt to the Building of the Temple in the fourth year of Solomon 1 Kings VI. 1. whereof fourty years were spent in the wildernesse and seventy in Davids life time 2 Sam. V. 4. and four in Solomons reigne The Remaining time between Rahabs receiving the Spies and Davids Birth must be 366. which may and must be made up in some such reckoning as this viz. Supposing Rahab to be eighteen years old when she received the Spies and sixty six when she did bear Boaz to Salmon then of necessity must Boaz beget Obed and Obed beget Iesse and Iesse beget David each about the age of 106. Which well considered evidenceth and evinceth these two things 1. That the years of the six Oppressors in the times of the Judges Ch. III. 8 14. and IV. 3. and VI. 1. and X. 8. and XIII 1. which amount to 111. years cannot be reckoned distinct and apart But are to be included within the years of the Judges and of the Rest of the Land For otherwise the years between Rahabs receiving the two Spies and Davids birth would rise to 477. which cannot be true And secondly that the years 480. which is that famous Link of time 1 King VI. 1. cannot possibly be forced to any more then 480. much lesse to 580. as some learned men of late would have it and contrary to that sacred text 1 King VI. 1. which never received any veriâ—â—s Lection and contrary to the clear evidence and notation of paâ—â—â—cular times set down in Scripture which exacty make up that summe of 480. as was now shewed viz. fourty in the Wildernesse seventeen in Ioshuah's Government 299. in the Judges times eighty in Eli Samuel and Sauls times fourty in Davids and four in Solomons Ark The Ark here leads the way before the hoast chapter III verse 3 into Iordan and Canaan without any more mention of the Pillar of Cloud and Fire Two thousand Cubits The distance of two thousand Cubits from the Ark verse 4 Josh. III. 4. was on either side of it and seemes to be the same distance that was kept from it in their Campings or Pitchings and in their Journeyings in the Wildernesse And may well be deemed to be the Sabbath-dayes journey mentioned Acts I. 12. Comparing together John XI 18. and Luke XXIV 50. Rose up upon an heap When the Israelites passed through Jordan verse 16 the waters were not as a wall unto them on the right hand and on the left as likely they were when Elias and Elizeus divided them with a mantle 2 King II. 8 14. And as certainly the waters of the red-sea were Exod. 14. 21 22. But God stopped the waters of the river that came down from above and they stood and rose upon an heap very farre from the City Adam And thereupon those waters that came down from Adam to the Salt and Dead Sea and Lake of Sodom and Asphaltites did run away failed were cut off Midst The often mentioning the midst of the river of Iordan to be the place where the Priests feet stood bearing the Ark of the Lord verse 17 the place where twelve stones were erected and the place whence twelve stones were taken to be set up in Gilgal Iosh. III. 17. and IV. 3 5 8 9 10 18. doth induce me to take the word midst in its proper signification having no maner of inconvenience in it for so doing rather then to transferre it to the Channel close by the further side and banck Passed over The place of their passage over Jordan chapter IV verse 1 may seeme to be called afterwards Beth-barah in the Tribe of Reuben beyond Jordan Judg. VII 24. And Bethabara John I. 28. not Bethania as the Trent-Bible erroneously there hath it where John baptized Jesus as well as others And Betharabah seemes to be a City not farre from the Passage on the other side a City of Benjamin bordering upon Judah Josh. XV. 6. 61. and XVIII 22. Though some not so rightly place the foresaid town higher upon the river more then twenty miles above Adam and farre off from the border of Judah At this Passage the Altar Ed seemes to be builded in the Tribe of Reuben Josh. XXII 11. Twelve men Reuben verse 2 and Gad are here included in the twelve though their Possessions were beyond Iordan And of these two Tribes and half Manasseh about fourty thousand armed men passed over Iordan to the warre ver 13. which were yet but a few more then one third part of their military men Num. XXVI 7 18 34. The rest stayed behinde for their many necessary occasions Came up They came over Iordan verse 19 on the tenth day of the first moneth were Circumcised the eleventh And did eate the Passeover on the fourteenth Ch. V. 2 10. Both which were omitted in the wildernesse at least since the Returne of the twelve Spies and after that Passeover at Mount Sinai Num. IX 5. See Iosh. V. 5 7. And on the XVI day Manna ceased ver 12. The second time Not that these were Circumcised once before chapter V verse 2 See ver 7. It was neglected or omitted many years for some reasons And at this time upon many reasons renewed and again injoyned by God See the Annotations upon this text Gilgal Of this place verse 9 see the Annotations on Hos. IV. 15. A man This Captain of the Lords hoast verse 13 was not Gabriel or any other created Angel but Michael the Archangel Iude 9. Michael the great Prince of Gods people Dan. X. 21. and XII 1. the Angel of the Covenant Mal. III. 1. Christ the Sonne of God Appearing here and sundry other times in the shape of man as a foregoing presage and prologue to typifie his future Incarnation And this appeareth by Ioshua's Adoration of him as his Lord Jehovah Ch. VI. 2. and by His acceptance of it which an Angel would have refused Apoc. XIX 10. by his Commanding Joshua to put off his shoes because the place was holy like to that Exod. III. 5. Not that the Place was capable of any inherent holinesse in it self but hallowed by Gods holy presence in it and in that relation onely so esteemed and which ceased so to be when his Presence was withdrawn from it This Captain instructs Joshua about the maner of besieging and conquering Jericho Ch. VI. 2 5. Seventh day chapter VI The Sabbath-day must needs be one of the seven wherein the Camp of Israel did march round about the walls of Jericho verse 4 if not the seventh wherein they compassed the Citie seven times and took it And this by the command of him who is the Sovereigne Lord of the Sabbath Priests shall blow with the Trumpets Priests not Levites And Priests not Levites carry the Ark. See the Observations on Num. X. 8. and on Ch. VII v. 1 9. Achan Achan is called also Achar chapter VII
verse 1 1 Chron. II. 7. which signifieth a Troubler and the Place of his execution is called the Valley of Achor v. 26. that is trouble He was Grand-childe of Zabdi otherwise called Zimri 1 Chron. II. 6. Ai Ai is called Hai verse 2 Gen. XII 8. and Aijah Neh. XI 31. in the tribe of Benjamin very near to Bethel Ezra II. 28. Neh. VII 32. and differs from that Ai situate between Heshbon and Rabbah in the tribe of God yet taken by the Ammonites whereof see Jeremie XLIX 3. Bethaven Bethaven and Bethel two distinct townes not farre asunder near the North bounds of the Tribe of Benjamin Yet Hosea calls Bethel by the name of Bethaven the house of vanity and vaine Idols in scorne and derision for Jeroboams golden Calf there set up Hos. IV. 15. and V. 8. and X. 5. See the Observations on 1 King XII 29 32. verse 14 Taketh By Divine instinct and command Lots are here used In which case their judgement is infallible Of Lots see my Annotations on Ionah I. 7. verse 24 And his sonnes Gods severe judgement upon his whole family ver 24 25. is warranted by Him who is sole Dispensor and Sovereigne Lord over his own Law Deut. XXIV 16. And at the most his Sacriledge was but the Occasion not the Cause of Gods judgement upon his family They having sinne enough in themselves otherwise for Gods justice to work upon though they had no hand in this sacrilegious act chapter VIII verse 2 Ambush God appoints both the End and the Means 1 Chron. XIV 14 15. And Gods people having the assurance of Gods Particular Promises do yet carefully use the Meanes as Josh. XI 7. and X. 9. Acts XXVII 24 31. Iudg. XX. 28 29. Stratagems in warre are lawful verse 3 Chose out Not likely that the 30000. did lie in wait behinde Ai Westward between Ai and Bethel but onely 5000. ver 12 17. Gibeon Gibeon was a great City chapter IX verse 3 a royal City of the Hivites and all the men mighty Ch. X. 2. and XI 19. allotted afterwards to Benjamin and out of that Tribe to the Priests Ch. XXI 13 17. The Tabernacle and Altar were here in Davids and Solomons time 1 Chron. XXI 20. 2 Chron. I. 3. David orders the service of it here 1 Chron. XVI 30. Solomon sacrificeth at this High Place God appears to him here And he brings the Tabernacle and Altar thence to the Treasuries of the Temple 1 King III. 4. Here Ioshua vanquished the five Kings of the Amorites Ch. X. And had the Sunne stand still upon his prayer Here David smote the Philistines 1 Chron. XIV 16. By the poole of Gibeon was that mortal fight between twelve of Abners and twelve of Ioabs men whence the place was called the field of strong men in Gibeon Here Abner in his flight slayeth Asabel the brother of Ioab And Ioab pursueth Abner by the way of the Wildernesse of Gibeon 2 Sam. II. 12 16 24. and Ch. III. 30. At the great stone in Gibeon Ioab slew Amasa his Cousen-german 2 Sam. XX. 8. And by the great waters that are in Gibeon Iohanan fighteth and puts to flight Ishmael Ier. XLI 12. The Gibeonites were Hivites Iosh. IX 7. yet called also by the more general name of Amorites 2 Sam. XXI 2. They were those which in after-times were called Nethinims c. that is Deodands given and devoted to that Drudgery ver 23 27. Of whom see 2 Sam. XXI 2. 1 Chron. IX 2. Ezra II. 43 58 62 70. and VII 7 24. and VIII 17 20. Neh. VII 46 60 73. and X. 28. and XI 3 21. Something like to these were those other of these Nations on whom Solomon did raise a tribute of Bondage 1 King IX 20 21. Of whom see more on that place The Oath and League made with the Gibeonites and their Cities ver 17. though surreptitiously and fraudulently gotten and also rashly granted yet seemes in the substance of it to be lawful otherwise an unlawful Oath should be broken whereas this was kept with all faithfulnesse Joshua fighting in their defence and that by the Lords approbation and encouragement Ch. X. 7 8. And this seemes lawful because they sued for Peace before they were besieged and willingly submitted to all Conditions without any reservation of their Lands Goods Lawes Liberties much lesse of their superstitions and idolatries which otherwise might have ensnared the Israelites but of their Lives onely and they to be employed in the Israelites service Cities and People of other Nations then these very farre off might be received upon farre easier termes and conditions But upon all these Conditions others of these Nations themselves might have been spared their lives Yet God in his providence so ordered That there was not a City that made peace with the Israelities saving these Hittites of Gibeon onely and their Cities All other they took in battel for it was of the Lord so to harden their hearts that they might be destroyed Ch. XI 19 20. And therefore the Congregation here murmured unjustly haply through ignorance against Joshua and the Princes for this League and Oath And Saul was justly punished and that grievously in his posterity and the Land also with famine many ages after this because he sought to slay and destroy them from remaining in any of the coasts of Israel contrary to this League and Oath though Soul did it in a pretended or wrong zeale to the children of Israel and Judah 2 Sam. XXI 1 6. Adoni-Zedek seemes chapter X verse 1 in after-ages to have succeeded that Melchizedeâ— Gen. XIV 18. But Adoni-bezeck Judg. I. 7. seemes not any successor to this Adonizedeek much lesse himself He himself being slaine ver 23 26. But Adoni-bezeck was Lord or King not of Jerusalem but of Bezeck in the Tribe of Judah where Saul numbred against Nahash 330000. men 1 Sam. XI 8. Jerusalem is called also Jebus Judg. XIX 10. 1 Chron. XI 4 5. of Jebusi the sonne of Canaan Gen. X. 16. And Salem Gen. XIV 18. Psal. LXXVI 2. The name seemes composed of them If not then of Jireh and Salem the place Salem Gen. XIV 18. Psal. LXXVI 2. where God appeared Gen. XXII 14. Or Jiereh Shalem signifying the Vision of Peace or Possession of Peace or Peace shall be seene or provided a place of providence Gen. XXII 14. See Hebr. VII 1 2. And it is of the Dual number being a double City belonging to two Tribes Judah and Benjamin Josh. XV. 8 63. and XVIII 28. Judg. I. 8 21. Jer. XXXIX 3. The Southern and higher part belonging to Judah wherein the strong hold of Zion was taken at last by David presently after his anointing King over all Israel and built and called his City 2 Sam. V. 6 9. 1 Chron. XI 4 8. And became the Burial-place of the Kings of Judah And Davids Sepulcher continued there till the Apostles times Acts II. 29. near 1100. years And the Ark for a time was placed
wildernesse and seven of Joshua's Government untill this time And Caleb here ver 9 14. And Joshua Ch. XIX 49 50. did both aske and both had certain inheritances given them two according to the word of the Lord. The City and Suburbs of Hebron were given to the Priests for a City of refuge The fields and Villages thereof to Caleb Ch. XXI 11 12 13. Caleb Not that Caleb chapter XV verse 16 1 Chron. II. 18 42. the sonne of Hezron unlesse by sonne we understand great-grand-childe But Caleb that is constantly called the sonne of Jephunne And Othniel constantly called the sonne of Kenaz are here yet called brethren And Othniel is again called the younger brother of Caleb Judg. I. 13. and III. 9. which could not be except by one mother But Othniel marrying the daughter of Caleb ver 17. And cosen-germans Nephews and the like being often called brethren in Scripture It is likely that either Iephunne and Kenaz were brethren and so Caleb and Othniel cosen-germans or that Caleb and Kenaz were brethren and so Othniel Calebs Nephew or that the Kenezite mentioned Num. XXXII 12. might be Grandfather to them both But no certainty appears for any further determination Separate The bordering Cities of the children of Ephraim chapter XVI verse 9 were between or among the inheritance of the children of Manasseh See also ch XVII 8 9. And as Ephraim had part in Manasseh so Manasseh had Cities in Issachar and in Asher ch XVII 11. The Portion Ten portions to Manasseh chapter XVII verse 5 that is five portions to the five sons mentioned ver 2. And the portion of the sixth son who was Hopher was divided into five portions among his grandchildren the daughters of Zelophahad which so made up ten portions though the five last were but as big as one of the former five One lot Both Ephraim and Manasseh seek for a larger portion and Lot then what did befall them in the General Division verse 14 Shiloh Shiloh was on the North-side of Bethel chapter XVIII verse 1 on the East-side of the high-way from Bethel to Shechem on the South of that Lebanon Judg. XXI 19. And so situated on the border between Ephraim and Benjamin yet belonged to Ephraim not to Benjamin Judg. XXI 1 21. There was the Tabernacle as was formerly said There were the Lots cast for seven Tribes Josh. XVIII 8. Thence were the two Tribes and a half dismissed to their Possessions after the warre Josh. XXII 9. And thither were the whole Congregation of Israel gathered to go up to warre against them upon a wrong surmise concerning the Altar Ed ver 12. Thither came all the other Tribes to aske counsel of the Lord in their warre against the Tribe of Benjamin and there was their Camp Judg. XX. 18. and XXI 12. and XIX 18. Thither came Elkanah and Hannah to worship and Samuel ministred there before the Lord 1 Sam. I. 3. and II. 11. and III. 21. And there the Prophet Ahijah dwelt in the dayes of the first Jeroboam 1 King XIV 2. Tabernacle The Tabernacle coming over Jordan was first set up in Gilgal Not that Gilgal of the Nations Josh. XII 23. Gen. XIV 1. Esay IX 1. whence haply Galilee might take its name But that Gilgal in the Tribe of Benjamin Josh. IV. 19 20. Afterwards in Joshua's time it was set up here in Shiloh in the Tribe of Ephraim near the Center of the Land which was by Sichem Ch. XXIV 1 25 26. And Bochim Judg. II. 1 5. may seeme to be conjoyned to it It may seeme to be fetched thence for a present use to that solemne Assembly at Shechem in Joshua's time Ch. XXIV 1 26. But being returned to Shiloh it continued there above three hundred years at least till the death of Eli 1 Sam. I. 3 9 24. and II. 14. and III. 3 21. and IV. 3. It may seeme to be again at Gilgal with the Ark in Samuel and Sauls time 1 Sam. X. 8. and Ch. XI 15. But soone after we surely finde it to be at Nob in the Tribe of Benjamin near Anathoth Neh. XI 32. when David came thither in his flight from Saul 1 Sam. XXI 1 9. After that sacrilegious slaughter of eighty five Priests by Saul at Nob 1 Sam XXII 18. it was soon removed in the dayes of David to Gibeon in the same Tribe of Benjamin and not farre from Bethel the City first of the wily Gibeonites Hivites but after given to the Priests Josh. IX and ch XXI 17. See 1 Chron. XVI 39 40. and XXI 29. and 2 Chron. I. 3 5 6 13. 1 King III. ver 4 5. And lastly when Solomon had built the Temple he brought the Tabernacle thence to Jerusalem 1 King VIII 4. 2 Chron. I. 3 5 6 13. and ch V. 5. And placed it likely in and among the Treasuries of the Temple For the Ark see the Observations on 1 Sam. IV. 3. Tabor A Mountain in the Tribe of Issachar chapter XIX verse 22 or bordering on it near to Mount Carmel See Joshua XIX 26 34. Here Barak was with his ten thousand men against Sisera Judg. IV. 6 12 14. See more of this in my Annotations on Hos. V. 1. Tyre Called the strong City verse 29 whence it hath its name Tsor in Hebrew signifying a Rock situate like Venice in the Sea A famous Port and Mart-town in Phoenicia the lower part of Syria whence the whole Countrey is supposed to take the name of Syria omitting the letter t in Tsor More of this see in my Annotations on Amos. I. 9. Bethshemesh A City in the Tribe of Naphtali verse 38 ver 32. and 39. Judg. I. 33. Another in the Tribe of Judah given to the Priests Josh. XXI 16. 1 Chron. VI. 59. 1 Sam. VI. 12. 2 King XIV 13. Another also in Egypt Jer. XLIII 13. the same as is supposed with On Gen. XLI 45. by the Greeks called Heliopolis and now Damiata The word signifies a City or House of the Sunne As also Kirharesheth a City in Moab Esay XVI 7. hath the same denomination And all because of Temples and Idol-service used there by the ancient inhabitants to the Sunne From which the Jewes sometimes were not altogether free 2 King XXIII 5 11. Cities of refuge The sixe Cities of refuge belonged to the Levites chapter XX verse 2 that is Hebron and Shechem to the Koathites Golan and Kedesh to the Gershonites Bezer and Ramoth to the Merarites Josh. XX. and XXI Chapters In Galilee Galilee is often mentioned in the Old Testament verse 7 See ch XXI 32. 1 King IX 11. 2 King XV. 29. 1 Chron. VI. 76. Esay IX 1. Galilee divided into the Upper in the Tribe of Naphtali and the Lower in the Tribe of Zabulon verse 11 both coasting about the beginning of Jordan The Upper is called Galilee of the Gentiles because both Populous and replenished with many Gentiles as lying nearest to them 1 King IX 11. Matth. XV. 21. Mar. VII 31. And so is Harosheth
the Countrey five peeces of silver Or five silverings See these Observations on Exod. XXXVIII 24. said Said to the Elders chapter VII verse 1 to the Messinger and to the King Jehoram the son of Ahab ver 17. 18. a measure See my Observations on Gen XVIII 6. twilight In the evening verse 5 ver 9 12. Edom Edom revolts from Judah chapter VIII verse 20 1 King XXII 47. As Moab had done from Israel 2 King III. 5. Libna A Citie verse 22 which with the King thereof was destroyed by Joshuah Josh. X. 29. and XII 15. After fell by lot to the Tribe of Judah And given to the Priests Josh. XXI 13. 1 Chron. VI. 57. It rebelled wonder it should against Judah in the dayes of wicked Iehoram the son of good Iehoshaphat 2 Chron. XXI 10. Senacherib did warre against it in the dayes of Hezekiah 2 King XIX 8. Esay XXXVII 8. And there likely had his army or a great part of it slaine by the Angel of the Lord. There was another place called Libna the seventeenth Station of the Israelites mentioned Num. XXXIII 20 21. Sonne-in-law His father was so verse 27 And himself might be to that House Ramoth-Gilead A Citie of Refuge verse 28 in the Tribe of Gad given to the Merarites Deut. IV. 43. Josh. XIII 26. and chap. XXI 38. This was taken by the King of Syria And Ahab with the joynt forces of Jehoshaphat seeking to recover it yet failed of his purpose and was there slaine by Benhadad whose life he had unjustly spared 1 King XX. 30 42. and XXII 3 35. And Jehoram the sonne of Ahab with the joynt forces of Ahaziah King of Judah actualy recovered it from Hazael King of Syria But was wounded there And Jehu being left there as a Captaine under Jehoram to keep it was anointed there by command and direction of the Prophet Elisha to be King of Israel who thereupon soone slew both Jehoram and Ahaziah 2 King VIII 28 29. and chap. IX his sonnes chapter IX verse 26 Naboths sons slaine with him a draught-house Here the Masorets put a more cleanly word chapter X verse 27 in their Keri in the margin to be read then is the Cetib written in the Text as if they would prompt to the Holy Ghost a more manerly speech And so Deut. XXVIII 30. Jer. III. 2. Lesse marvaile then if they deale so with the words of Rabshakeh Esay XXXVI 12. And in Zechary speaking of Jerusalems destruction and womens usage by soldiers grosse to speak the Text telleth the terme to be seene the margin what they would have read And in Jer. XXXI 38. they leave a blanck in the Text with the vowel points underneath and place the head letters in the margin of a word which they suppose to be wanting Some various Readings seeme to be in the Hebrew Text. See the learned Annotations on Jer. IX 8. and on chap. XVII 13. And some learned seeme to grant some superfluous insertions as Jer. LI. 3 in the word bending and Jer. LII 19. in the word Cauldrons See the Annotations on those places Yet some other learned men assert the sacred Text to be absolutely entire and perfect without the least default or defect without altering a syllable letter or situation of a letter holding the margin-reading to be given with equal authority as the other which is in the Text and serving to expound it And the vowels and accents to have been ab origine in the Text and so of equal authority with it Insisting upon the Jews care for preservation of the Text in numbering the letters in every Book and naming the middle letter in it and the middle letter in the Law or Books of Moses And this done not only by the Masorets that lived five hundred years or more after Christ but also by those ancient Masorets that are called the men of the Great Synagogue and succeeded next to the last Prophets of the Old Testament of whom the Jewes make Ezra to be one And that in his time the whole number of the letters were reckoned in all the Law to be 600045. in the Prophets 815280. See more in my Observations on Eccles. IX 4. and on Ier. XXXII 12. Iehoiadah This Iehoiadah was a Priest and prime man chapter XI verse 4 2 Chron. XXIII 1 11 16 18 19 20. and chap. XXIV 6. seemes not to be the High Priest for he is no where so called in Scripture except he be understood in that place 2 Chron. XXIV 11. where yet he is not called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 neither is there any of his name in that Catalogue of the High Priests 1 Chron. III. 6 15. And yet this Priest Iehoiada marries King Iehorams daughter and King Ahaziah's sister 2 Chron. XXII 11. And gives wives to King Ioash 2 Chron. XXIV 3. And was buried among the Kings ver 16. Elisha or Elizeus prophesied in the reignes of six Kings of Israel chapter XIII verse 14 viz. Ahab Ahaziah Iehoram Iehu Iehoahaz and Ioash 1 King XIX 16 19. 2 King XIII ver 14. with Lachish See the Annotations on Micah I. chapter XIV XV. verse 1 13. Azariah Called also Uzziah verse 19 and Ozias Matth. I 8 9. reigned in the times of six Kings of Israel viz. Ieroboam the second Zachariah Shallum Menahem Pekahiah Pekah 2 King XV. 1. 27 In which time the Kingdome of Israel was changed into four several stocks or families Pul Pul or Phul verse 19 1 Chron. V. 26. This Catalogue of the Assyrian Monarchs we finde in Scripture viz. Passing by Nimrod and Ashur in the ancientest times Gen. X. We meet with this Pul in the dayes of Menahem King of Israel Tiglath-Peleser or Tilgath-Pilneser in the dayes of Pekah King of Israel and of Ahaz King of Judah who carried away captives the Reubenites and the Gadites and the half Tribe of Manasseh into Assyria 1 Chron. V. 26. And both helped and afflicted Ahaz 2 King 16. with Shalmanesar or Shalman Hos. X. 14. or Enemessar Tobit I. 2. 15. in the dayes of Hoshea King of Israel who subdued Hoshea beseiged and took Samaria carried Israel captive into Assyria and extirpated that Kingdome of Israel 2 King XVII 4 5 6. and XVIII 9 10. with Sargon mentioned Esay XX. 1. If he be not the same with Sennacherib with Sennacherib in the dayes of Hezekiah 2 King XVIII 13. whose hoast was slaine by the Angel of the Lord and himself by his owne sons 2 King 19. with Esarhaddon or Esar-Haddon who seemes to be called Asnapper Ezra IV. 10. and Sarchedonus Tobit 1. 21. with Another King of Assyria not named but living in the dayes of Iosiah in whose behalf Iosiah fighting against Pharaoh Necho King of Egypt at Megiddo was slaine there 2 King XXIII See this same with some little variations in my Observations on 1 Chron. V. 26. Kir This is Cyrene chapter XVI verse 9 mentioned Acts II. 10. Of this see the Annotations on Amos I. 5. and IX 7. If rather
be not meant hereby that part of Media which from this deportation seemes to be called Syromedia For Media belonged to the Kingdome of Assyria 2 King XVII 6. But Cyrene never being very farre distant from it Of the Altar Of Urijahs new Altar made by the command of King Ahaz verse 14 by the patterne of the Altar of Damascus Urijah the Priest This might be that Uriah verse 15 Esay VIII 2 unfaithful to God a fawning parasite to the wicked King but no wayes appears to be the High Priest Covert for the Sabbath A Covert for the Priests and Porters likely on the Sabbath verse 18 or a retiring place covered over to keep from winde and raine 2 Chron. XXVIII 24. in the City of David But not in the Sepulchers of the Kings verse 20 2 Chron. XXVIII 27. but not as Hosheah was the best of the Kings of Israel chapter XVII verse 2 And yet with him and in him that Kingdome was extirpated Carried Israel away into Assyria See the Observations on chap. verse 6 XV. 19. They feared the Lord The same Idolaters are said to Fear the Lord verse 32 34 And not to Fear the Lord 2 King XVII 32 33 34. Their folly is derided Ier. X. 3 4 5 8 9 14 15. Hezekiah Godly Hezekiah the son of most wicked Ahaz chapter XVIII verse 1 2 Chron. XXVIII 22. And father of a like wicked Manasseh 2 King XXIV 3. 2 Chron. XXXIII And godly Iosiah not much unlike He is a Type of Christ Esay XXXII 1. twenty five years old And therefore was borne in the eleventh yeare of his father Ahaz verse 2 because Ahaz was twenty years old when he began to reigne and reigned sixteen years 2 King XVI 2. In all thirty six when he died Out of which take the foresaid twenty five and so Hezekiah must be borne in the eleventh aforesaid A thing not impossible But to make Ahaz to be twenty not when himself but his father Iotham began to reigne as it wresteth the Text so it implies an utter impossibility because Iotham was but twenty five years old when he himself began to reigne 2 King XV. 33. which thing was not well considered by the excellent Tremellius when he asserted that opinion nor is it much favoured though noted by our Annotators on 2 King XVI 2. In the fourteenth year Sennacherib comes up against Hezekiah verse 13 and partly prevailes against him See the causes of this his warre in the learned Annotations on Esay XXXVI 1. And in the later end of that year Hezekiah fell sick for he had 15. years added to his life 2 King XX. 6. which make up the twenty nine of his reigne And in this time of his sicknesse he had no some because Manasseh his eldest sonne was borne three years after this sicknesse being but twelve years old when his father Hezekiah died 2 King XXI 1. a Signe The present plenty chapter XIX verse 29 notwithstanding the Sabbatical year and the enemies abode and waste made in the Land should be a Signe to them for confirmation of the truth of Gods Promise for the overthrow of Sennacherib and their deliverance Of Signes see these Observations on Exod. III. 12. and on 2 King XX. 9. Camp of the Assyrians Either before Libnah verse 35 or Jerusalem or both 2 Chron. XXXII 9. See the Observations on Esay XXXVII 36. his sonnes These words have an empty place left for them in the Hebrew Tex verse 37 and are printed only in the margent But they are in the Text XXXVII 38. ten degrees This choise was given to Hezekiah about mid-day chapter XX verse 9 when the shadow of the Sunne might go forward or backward ten degrees on the Dial of Ahaz a famous Dial haply mural and haply visible to Hezekiah out of his bed-chamber and so likewise in all other Dials distinguished into half hours as that of Ahaz was And so ten degrees make five hours And the Miracle was not only in the Shadow going backward but in the Sunne also going backward ten degrees though whether in an instant or in the set course of time or its ordinary continual motion is not certaine Esay XXXVIII 8. Which made the Ambassadors of the Princes of Babylon to be sent unto him to enquire of the wonder that was done in the Land 2 Chron. XXXII 31. See on Esay XXXVIII 8. Altars Idolatrous Altars chapter XXI verse 3 and Images set up in the House of the Lord ver 4 5 7. eighteenth year From this famous year chapter XXII verse 3 both those thirty years Ezek. I. 1. And those fourty dayes or years of the sinne of Judah chap. IV. 6. seeme to take their rise and reckoning the Book of the Law The knowledge of it verse 8 and the Lawes in it seemes a rare and strange thing as at other times so in the dayes of good Josiah 2 King XXII 10 11. 2 Chron. XXXIV 19 21. notwithstanding that Law Deut. XXXI 10 11. in peace Josiah died in peace verse 20 according to the Promise not seeing the Evils to come though he was slaine in battel 2 King XXII 20. and XXIII 29. 2 Chron. XXXIV 28. Topheth Called Tophte chapter XXIII verse 10 Esay XXX 33. The name is from Toph signifying a Drum Tabret or Timbrel such as idolatrous Priests used to beat upon in the time of their detestable sacrificing of children to Moloch to drowne their skrikes and cries Levit. XX. 2. 2 Chron. XXVIII 3. and XXXIII 6. 2 King XVI 3. and XXI 6. Psal. CVI. 38. This the Jewes learned from the Heathen Deut. XII 31. This Tophet stood in a pleasant valley on the South-side of Jerusalem Josh. XV. 8. and chap. XVIII 16. Belonging to one Hinnom and his sons and called therefore the valley of Hinnom Gehinnom or Ge-bene-Hinnom the valley of the sonnes of Hinnom Whence the Greek and Latin take the word Gehenna and use it for Hell fitly resembled by such a Type for the horrid acts and sufferings used therein Matth. XVIII 8 9. Mar. IX 43 48. James III. 6. And allusion is made hereunto Matth. V. 22. This place was defiled and destroyed by Josiah in this Text. See the Annotations on Esay XXX 33. and on Jer. VII 31. Jehoahaz Called also Joachaz verse 31 and Johanan and in the opinion of the most and best Shallum likewise The Prophesie concerning Shallum Jer. XXII 10 11 12. best agreeing to him And supposing that Shallum the fourth sonne of Josiah mentioned 1 Chron. III. 15. to be dead before his father yet under the name of Johanan he is called the first-borne of Joâ—â—h 1 Chron. III. 15. in respect likely that he first succeeded him in his throne 2 Chron. XXXVI 1. Of him see Ezek. XIX 3 4. Jehojakim Jehojakim called also Joachim verse 36 and Eliakim as Solomon was also called Iedidiah and Lemuel was the eldest sonne of Iosiah Of him and his Burial we read Ier. XXII 19. and XXXVI 30. 2 Chron. XXXVI 5 6. Ezek. XIX 5
into the midland Sea And so making that lower part of Egypt to be of a triangular forme with the point upward and the basis beneath toward the Sea v One of the seven streames named Pelusian hath a stream issuing from it which first makes the Sea or Lake of Sirbonis of a great length and vast depth dividing Egypt from the Edomites and Philistines and so justly is named one of the Limits of the Land of Promise Num. XXXIV 5. Josh. XIII 3. 1 Chron. XIII 5. as the River Euphrates is named the other Gen. XV 18. Deut. I. 7. and chap. XI 24. Josh. I. 4. This River Nilus supplieth the place of Raine in Egypt Zech. XIV 18. by the overflowing of it as is famous in Histories The seven streames of old are now become four Baal-Perazim By anticipation chapter XIV verse 11 See the Observations on 1 King XIII 32. not after the due maner The maner of doing makes or marres in matters of Gods worship chapter XV verse 13 Esay I. 11 15. God ownes not but loaths his own services of his own ordaining and commanding when by evil men and in an evil maner performed Jer. VI. 20. and VII 21 22. Psal. L. 13 16. Prov. XV. 8. and XXI 27. Esay LXI 8. and LXVI 3. Amos V. 21 22. Micah VI. 7. Mal. I. 10. seven Of the number of seven verse 26 see the Annotations on this Text. dancing See 2 Sam. VI. 14. verse 29 Usual then to expresse their joyful and thankful hearts to God by Dancing Psal. CXLIX 3. and CL. 4. and XXX 11. See Exod. XV. 20. Judg. XI 34. and XXI 21. he appointed High and Solemne Service chapter XVI verse 4 for and before the Ark appointed by David 1 Chron. XVI See that Particular 2 Chron. V. 12 13. trumpets See the Observations on Num. verse 6 X. 8. verse 7 delivered first See the Observations on Psal. CXV 1. and on Psal. XCVI at Gibeon Hither was the Tabernacle brought after that beastly and bruitish slaughter of the Priests made by bloody Saul at Nob verse 39 1 Sam. XXII Of Gibeon see the Annotations on Hos. IX 9. his throne for ever Some things here chapter XVII verse 12 and hereafter are true in Sololomon as the Type but more in Christ the Antitype some things proper to the Type only others to the Antitype only as was said on 2 Sam. VII 12. Sate before the Lord Of this gesture in Prayer verse 16 see the Annotations on this Text and Exod. XVII 12. Abimelech the sonne of Abiathar See the Observations on 2 Sam. chapter XVIII verse 16 VIII 17. It may appear that there is no necessity that both these persons father and sonne had both of them these two names of Abimelech and Abiathar See the Observations on 1 Sam. I. 3. Satan stood up In 2 Sam. chapter XXI verse 1 XXIV 1. The Lord moved David against Israel See the Observations on Esay VI. 9 10. to number Israel Out of pride only and curiosity and carnal confidence Otherwise the thing in it self not simply unlawful when done upon good grounds and to good ends As we see it done at other times in Scripture God commands it Num. I. 3. and XXVI 1 2. And Solomon and Amaziah did it 2 Chron. II. 17. and XXV 5. the summe of the number 1100000. verse 5 of Israel able men from twenty years old and upwards To the 800000. in 2 Sam. XXIV 9. seeme to be added here those 288000. of Davids Trained Bands 1 Chron. XXVII 1 15. already enrolled in publick records And their Colonels Captains Commanders and Officers to the number likely of 12000. which make up the said 1100000. To the 470000 of Judah are 30000. added more in 2 Sam. XXIV 9. which addition either might be the number of the Regiments under those thirty Worthies of David having one thousand in each Or rather an Addition of so many out of Jerusalem only or out of Levi and Benjamin also which still joyned themselves to Judah after Joabs first return to Jerusalem and giving up his number to the King For he was weary of the service it being abominable to him and therefore he is said not to count Levi and Benjamin and to begin to number but not to finish it because there fell wrath for it against Israel neither was the number put in the account of the Chronicles of King David 1 Chron. XXI 6. and XXVII 24. In all 1600000. neither yet took he the number from twenty years old and under 1 Chron. XXVII 23. It is enough God in mercy shortens the three dayes of Pestilence verse 15 stops the Angel and repents of the evil Ornan Or Araunah was the more free verse 23 and forward in his Offer so to expedite the businesse for the staying of the Plague for feare whereof and of the Angel he and his four sonnes had there hid themselves for the Place For the whole place and plot of ground verse 25 with the Buildings Gardens and other things pertaining to it which was a sufficient space and circuit of ground for the Building of the Temple upon it with all the Courts Chambers Walls c. David gives here a great summe Whereas he gives farre lesse for the bare threshing-floore Oxen and Instruments 2 Sam. XXIV 24. And David might give more then the worth out of his royal bounty as 1 King X. 13. I have prepared ver 16. Davids wonderful Preparation of gold and silver chapter XXII verse 14 for the building of the Temple amounting to seven hundred and fifty millions of pounds See on Exod. XXXVIII 24 25 26. Whereof Dovid gave out of his own proper goods eleven millions and 250000 pounds Serling in Gold and two millions and 625000. pounds in silver In all thirteen millions and 875000. pounds Serling And the Heads Princes and Rulers gave eighteen millions and 750000. pounds and 3125. pounds In all 18. millions and 753125. pounds in Gold And three millions and 750000. in Silver The whole amounts to twenty two millions and 503125. pounds Sterling Adding to this Davids proper Offering aforesaid the whole amounts to thirty six millions and 378125 pounds See further 1 Chron. XXIX 4 7. and Chap. XXVI ver 26 27 28. All which yet is but a small part of that summe prepared by David Chap. XXII 14. See the notes on Exod. XXXVIII 24 25 26. See the Offerings given in Zerubbabels time towards the second Temple Ezra II 69 70. And those in Nehemiahs time Neh. VII 70 71 72. made Solomon his sonne King This verse better concludes the former Chapter chapter XXIII verse 1 For what followes to the 28. Chapter concerning the whole Ordering of the Kingdome Church and State both Ecclesiastical in the Levites chap. XXIII and Priests chap. XXIV and Singers chap. XXV and Porters and other Officers chap. XXVI And also Political or Civil in the 12. Captains for each several moneth in the Princes of the twelve Tribes and other several Officers chap. XXVII were acted
long before Davids death and his instructing and encouraging of Solomon to the building of the Temple and the making of him King and upward To fifty years verse 3 Num. IV. 3. After fifty they were freed from the service in the Temple and kept in their several Cities in their several Tribes to teach the people and to instruct and judge in matters brought before them as having best insight in the Judicial Lawes and the whole word of God David divided Chap. verse 6 XXV 1 As a Prophet and by the commandment of the Lord by Gad the Kings Seer and Nathan the Prophet 2 Chron. XXIX 25. And these Divisions and Courses his son Solomon punctually retaines 2 Chron. VIII 14. And Jehoiada 2 Chr. XXIII 18. and Josiah 2 Chron. XXXV 4. And so after the Return from the Babylonish Captivity Ezra III. 10. And so by Gods Spirit David had all the Patterns of the Temple which in writings he delivered to his sonne Solomon 1 Chron. XXVIII 12 19. 2 Chron. III. 3. of twenty years Num. verse 24 VIII 24. from twenty five years old they begin to wait upon the service of the Tabernacle Here David by new warrant enters them into the work for the Service of the Temple at twenty years of age likely more now being needful for this Service ver 27. 2 Chron. XXXI 17. yet they come not to the full possession and fruition of their Place and Office till thirty years of age 1 Chron. XXIII 3. Num. IV 3 4 7. And to offer At all offerings to fit and prepare the Sacrifices to the hands of the Priests verse 31 who were to offer them on the Altar The eighth to Abijah Zacharias the father of John Baptist was of this Course chapter XXIV verse 10 Luke I. 5. according to their maner To come on a Sabbath day verse 19 and to continue their services there in the Temple for that whole week Ch. IX 25. 2 King XI 5 6. over against their brethren That the first Course of Levites might attend on the first Course of the Priests verse 31 And so of the rest with Harps Much Musick used in Gods Service chapter XXV verse 1 8 See 1 Chron. IX 33. and XVI 4 5 6 41 42. 2 Chron. V. 12 13. and VII 6. and ch XXIX 30. Psal. LXVIII 24 25. and LXXXI 1 2 3. And so in the Tabernacle Num. X. 10. and XXIX 1. In bringing up the Arke 1 Chron. XIII 8. and chap. XV. 16 24. In going up to Gods House and coming from it 1 Sam. X. 3 5. Esay XXX 29. This musick was by skilful voice and by various Instruments both wind-instruments and hand-instruments And these both stringed and touched with fingers or struck over with quill or bow or else shaken or beaten with hand or stick Prophesie See the Observations on 1 Sam. verse 1 XVIII 10. and on Zeph. III. 4. Of Asaph See 1 Chron. verse 2 VI. 39. and chap. XV. 17 19. and XVI 5 7. And see the Annotations on 1 Chron. XXV 1 2 6 9. And see the Titles of sundry Psalmes Of Heman See the Annotations on 1 Chron VI. verse 4 33. See likewise 1 Chron. XV. 17. and chap. XVI 41. 2 Chron. V. 12. and XXIX 14. and Chap. XXXV 15. Jeduthun See 1 Chron. verse 6 XVI 41 42. 2 Chron. VI. 12. and chap. XXIX 14. and XXXV 15. And the Titles of Psal. XXXIX 62 77. The four and twentieth As many Courses and Companies of Musitians or Singers verse 31 as there were of Priests chap. XXIV 18. and of Levites attending on the Priests chap. XXIV 31. These as the others in their Weeks and courses attended Porters Of their Office chapter XXVI verse 1 see 2 Chron. XXIII 19. and the Annotations on this text Their number 1 Chron. XXIII 5. Korhites Descended from that Korah Num. XVI 1. great grand-childe of Levi From which Korah descended likewise Elkanah and Samuel the Prophet and Heman the singer 1 Chron. VI. 27. 33 37 38. 1 Sam. I. 1. treasures Many sorts of Treasures verse 20 and many Treasurers in Gods Temple ver 20 26. See the Annotations on this text All that Samuel Samuel verse 28 and Saul and Abner and Joab did dedicate part of the spoiles won in battells to maintaine the House of the Lord. Izbarites And Hebronites verse 29 ver 30 31 32. being Levites 1 Chr. XXIII 12. Num. III. 27. 1 Chron. XXIV 20 24. were imploied also for the outward businesse over Israel for Officers and Judges on this side Jordan Westward in all businesse of the Lord and in the service of the King And some of them made Rulers over the Reubenites and the Gadites and the half tribe of Manasseh for every matter pertaining to God and affairs of the King moneth by moneth David had twelve Captains for the twelve moneths chapter XXVII verse 1 each with their Companies in their several moneths and courses attending the King And Solomon had the like after him 1 King IV. Each Captain in Davids time had twenty four thousand under him which in all arise to 288000. Davids 〈…〉 and Husbandry a chief Priest The word so most usually signifieth 〈…〉 times it signifieth also a Prince verse 5 or Temporal Ruler And 〈◊〉 VIII 18. and XX. 26. and 1 King IV. 5. and 2 King X 11. And 〈◊〉 And the fathers-in-Law of Joseph Gen. XLI 45 and of Moses Exod. III. 1. were Princes for they would not marry the daughters of idolatrous Priests The word came thus to be used in both sense because the same persons at first were both Priests and Rulers as the firtst-borne before the Law Moses Psal. XCIX 6. and Eli. and Samuel under the Law And among the Heathen famous is that of Anius Rex idem Hominum chapter I Phoebique Sacerdos over the Tribes These are Commanders in Peace verse 16. 22. Princes or Rulers of the tribes where thirteen are named Or whom one is named of the Levites And another of the Aaronites One of the halfe tribe of Manasseh And another of the other halfe And Gad and Asher are left out stood up Being now well-nigh bedrid chapter XXVIII immediately before or immediately after Adonijah his conspiracie verse 2. II. Candlesticks of silver For the use of the Courts verse 15 Chambers c. yet young and tender Of Solomons age chapter XXIX verse 1 see the Observation on 1 King III. 7. three thousand See the observations on chap. verse 4 XXII 14. Thine Like the doxology of the Lords Prayer verse 11 Keep this Davids remarkable Prayer verse 18 the second time and anointed him The rather because the first anointing was in a time of tumult verse 22 when Adonia the next brother to Absalom sought to reigne 1 King I. 39. But whether the later Anointing was before or after Davids death It is not clear But sure it is that David himself was thrice anointed once at Bethlehem by Samuel and twice at Hebron 1 Sam. XVI 13. 2. Sam. II. 4. 1 Chron. XI
This Reformation and Covenant made verse 8 and Passeover kept chap. XXXV 19. And yet from this or rather from the twelfth year above mentioned begins that reckoning of the sinne of Iudah Ezek. IV. 6. For under so good a King yet the people continued obstinately wicked as appears in Ieremie who began to prophesie in the thirteenth year of Iosiah's reigne Ier. I. 2. and XXV 3. and ch III. 6. And Iosiah only caused and made them outwardly to obey 2 Chron. XXXIV 32 33. the Houses The Houses of the Priests which adjoyned to the Temple and of the Levites which adjoyned to the Courts Levites Scribes 1 Chron. verse 13 XXIV 6. Ezra VII 6. 21. Neh. VIII 9. and chap. XII 26. and XIII 13. See the Annotation on 1 Kings IV. 3. More fully thus we read in the Old Testament of severall persons that were Scribes some Scribes of Kings or their Secretaries So David had one And Solomon two Ioash one 2 Kings XII 10. Iosiah one 2 Kings XXII 3. Of Ionathan Davids Uncle that he was a Counseller a wise man and a Scribe 1 Chron. XXVII 32. And of Baruch that he was Ieremies Scribe And of families of Scribes that dwelt at Jabez in the tribe of Iudah and were of the posterity of Iethro 1 Chron. II. 55. But why so called or what their Office was whether as Publike Notaries Scriveners or Transcribers of the Law or what else it appears not Here in Iosiah's time we finde that in his businesse of repairing the house of the Lord there were appointed of the Levites Scribes And in Nehemiah's time he made Treasurers over the Treasuries in the Lords House Shelemiah the Priest and Zadok the Scribe And in his time also was that famous Ezra a Priest sonne of the High Priest Serajah slaine by Nebuchadnezzar and the same a ready Scribe in the Law of Moses a Scribe of the Law of the God of Heaven of the words of the Commandments of the Lord and of his Statutes to Israel and the same a publick Reader and Teacher of the Law In the New Testament we finde them much more mentioned and to be of more esteeme and themselves affected Preheminence and precedencies Mark XII 38 39. Here they are often joyned with the Chief Priests and Elders and often with the Pharisees They pretended to extraordinary holinesse as the Pharisees did whence is that Matth. V. 20. and Acts XXIII 9. They were of the Pharisees part against the Sadduces Yea he that is called a Scribe Marke XII 28. the same is called a Pharisee and a Lawyer Matth. XXII 34 35. We read not that they were of the Sect of the Sadduces or Essenes But we finde them to joyne with all the rest to question to pose and oppose our Saviour to entangle and insnare him by Questions to charge his miracles to be done by Belzebub Himself with Blasphemy to apprehend and binde him to condemne him in the Councel to deliver him to Pilate to accuse him before Herod to prosecute him to death to mock him upon the Crosse. And we finde that these Scribes sate in Moses-chair Matth. XXIII 2. and were Preachers and Teachers of the people Mat. VII 29. and XIII 52. And likely were all of the tribe of Levi. rent his clothes See the Annotations on 2 Kings XXII 8. verse 19 Huldah the Prophetesse See the Observations on Zeph. verse 22 III. 4. The High Priest Hilkiah is here sent to her she being an extraordinary Prophetesse so near at hand Put the holy Ark It might be put out of his place chapter XXXV verse 3 in the dayes of his wicked father if not of his grandfather Passeover-Offerings So ver verse 8 9. in the Feast of Unleavened bread for the seven dayes After all this Thirteen years after the foresaid Passeover verse 20 that being in the eighteenth and this in the thirty one and last year of his reigne by Euphrates Heb. Phrat or Prat or Perath the fourth river in Eden Gen. II. 14. usually called the River and the great River made one of the Boundaries of the Promised Land Gen XV. 18. Deut. 1. 7 and chap. XI 24. Iosh. I. 4. 2. Chron. IX 26. Cut by Cyrus into severall Channels when he lay in siege before Babylon which stood upon it and so by him much dreyned and dried Ier. L. 38. See 1 Chron. XVIII 3. Ier. XIII 4. and chap. LI. 63. Apoc. IX 14. and Chap. XVI 12. See on Dan. IV. 30. Megiddo See the Annotations on Zech. verse 22 XII 11. to carrie him But he died by the way chapter XXXVI verse 6 Jer. XXII 18 19. Eight years old when he He was eighteen when himself began to reigne verse 9 2 Kings XXIV 8. And but eight then when his father began to reigne The like relative sense may that speech admit 2 Kings XVI 2. no remedy Desperate sinners procure implacable wrath verse 16 irrevocable exterminating judgements Kingdome of Persia See the Observations on the beginning of the Book of Ezra verse 20 threescore and ten years For the beginning of these verse 21 see the Annotations on Dan. IX 2. rather then those on Zech. VII 3. yet many learned are of the later opinion Ezra THE Book of Ezra contains an History of seventy years viz. from the first of Cyrus or his Proclamation chap. I. 1. to the seventh year of Artaxerxes Longimanus upon this Accompt viz. Cyrus seven Cambyses seven Smerdis one Darius Hystaspis thirty six Xerxes twelve of Artaxerxes Longimanus seven where Ezra end Or premising two of Darius Medus before Cyrus it comes to seventy two The four last Chapters containe the History but of that one year concerning Ezra which was in that seventh year of Artaxerxes See chap. VII 7 9. and chap. VIII 15 21 31 32 33. and chap. X. 8 9 16 17. But the six first Chapters are extended by some otherwise learned men yet upon lesse probable grounds to a farre larger scope of time even to one hundered thirty eight or one hundred fourty five years And they end the Book with the nineteenth year of Artaxerxes Mnemon which seemes cleane contrary to the Text chap. VII 7 8. For the clearer knowledge of divers things in this Book as likewise in Nehemy and Esther A Catalogue of the Persian Monarchs and of the years of their Reignes is very useful which out of the best Authors with very little variation may be as followeth  years Darius Medus 2 Cyrus 7 Cambyses 7 Smerdis 1 Darius Hystaspis 36 Xerxes 12 Artaxerxes Longimanus 48 Xerxes 1 Sogdianus 1 Darius Ochus seu Nothus 19 Artazerxes Mnemon 43 Darius Ochus 23 Arsen 3 Darius Codomannus 5 And so the Persian Monarchy continued two hundred and eight years or there about In this Book of Ezra there is mention made of six Persian Monarchs first of Cyrus chap. I. 1. secondly of Darius ch IV. 5. thirdly of Ahasuerus chap. IV. 6. fourthly of Artaxerxes chap. IV. 7. fifthly of another Darius chap. IV. 24. and
haynousnesse of it verse 5 ver 5 10. This seemes gathered out of chap. XIII 18. and XXIII 10. and XXVII 2 6. and XXXI 1 c. And again out of chap. IX 22. and XXI 7 8. and XXX 26. where he complaineth that God had handled him like an ungodly man and would not let him clear himself And that God destroyed good men as well as bad and prospered evill men and afflicted him so fearfully Therefore hearken His Confutation of Iob verse 10 wherein he speaks to Iobs friends ver 10 15. to Job himself ver 16 33. and to his friends again ver 34 37. To Jobs friends he argues against Iob from Gods justice ver 10 11 12. And from Gods absolute Authority and Power ver 13 14 15. If now thou To Job himself verse 16 Coming closer to him He proceeds here to new arguments and seeks to convince Iob of injurie done to God ver 17 31. That he injuries God he argues from Gods just government ver 17 18. from the effects of it upon Princes ver 19. upon whole Nations ver 20 23. upon strong and stout men With Gods end in such proceedings ver 24 30. Then he teacheth Job how to carry himself better ver 31 32 33. And lastly he turneth his speech to Jobs friends again being confident of their consent with him That Job hath spoken foolishly Elihu spake Elihu's third speech chapter XXXV verse 1 and the shortest in this Chapter Thinkest thou His charge against Job ver 2 3. verse 2 That in effect Iob said That the righteousnesse of his cause not person was more then that of Gods which he would gather by consequence out of Iobs words ver 3. and chap. IX 22. and X. 15. See chap. XXXIV 9. I will answer Elihu's Answer verse 4 and confutation of Iob. He shewes that Iobs sinne or righteousnesse cannot either hurt or help God ver 4 8. that the Oppressed and afflicted cry but not to God and therefore he doth not deliver them ver 9 13. And he applies this case to Iob ver 14 15 16. Therein withall seeming to refute a saying of Iob ver 14. taken out of chap. XXIII 9. by averring that God will judge that Job should trust in him that because he doth not so God doth visit him in anger though in the extremity of his affliction Job so well heeds it not And so vainly multiplies words without knowledge Elihu This is Elihu's last speech and largest chapter XXXVI verse 1 contained in this and the next Chapter And herein after his Preface ver 2 3 4. He propounds to Job and dilates upon Gods Wisdome Power Justice Mercie the good he aimes at in sending afflictions ver 5 15. He applieth this last point to Job telling him what might have been if he had carried himself well in this affliction ver 16. What is on him because he did not ver 17. What will be if he repent not ver 18 21. He adviseth him to remember himself what God is in himself and in his wayes ver 22 23. And in his works in the Meteors of the aire the raine the clouds the lightnings whereby he can work good to his and hurt to his enemies And whereby Job should be moved to magnifie him and his infinite wisdome rather then to stand on his own innocencie and quarrel so much at his rigorous dealing with him ver 22 33. At this also Elihu proceeds on to speak of Gods works of Lightning and Thunder chapter XXXVII verse 1 haply the cracks of it then sounding ver 1 5. Of the Snow stormes Whirle-winde Frost Clouds And this either for correction or for mercie And that Job should weigh and wonder at all this ver 1 14. These natural things farre surpasse the knowledge of man and much more Gods strange and various proceedings with the sonnes of men And therefore Iob must not so censure God though he be in such misery And Elihu further pursueth this same point with the use and application of it to the end of his speech ver 15 24. Then the Lord Here Jehovah himself chapter XXXVIII verse 1 out of a Whirle-winde begins to answer Iob. And this continues in two majestical speeches far beyond those of Elihu for matter and maner And herein by his manifold and marvelous works chap. XXXVIII and XXXIX And particularly by his creatures Behemoth chap. XL. and Leviathan chap. XLI he convinceth Iob of ignorance and of impotencie and therefore that he should not take upon him to contend with God to condemne God that himself might be righteous To each of which speeches there is adjoyned Iobs humble and penitent submission And lastly the Lord prefers Iob and his Cause before his three friends Orders their Submission and Sacrifice and Iobs Prayer for them Accepts Iob and blesseth him giving him as many sonnes and daughters and twice as much in all particulars of his substance and wealth as he had before chap. XLII answer thou me Iob had desired this more then once And Zophar too chap. XI 5. verse 3 Iob had been right in the maine yet some rash if not raging speeches had escaped from him complaining of God and his justice if not injustice in his dealing with him For which as Elihu before so Jehovah here more calls him to answer where wast thou Thou that takest upon thee to censure me verse 4 and my actions in governing the world the various dispensations and administrations of my Providence towards the sonnes of men Tell me Where wast thou when I made the world the Earth ver 4 7â— the Sea ver 8 11. And need I thy counsel now in governing all Hast thou caused and commanded the morning and day-spring to know his place ver 12 15. Knowest thou the springs and depth of the Sea the gates of death the breadth of the earth where light and darknesse dwelleth the treasures of the Snow and Haile ver 16 23 Knowest thou who causeth and ordereth the lightning and thunder the Waters and water-courses the Raine Yce Profit ver 24 30. And yet takest thou upon thee to know and censure the depth of my wayes and wisdome Canst thou order the Influences and Ordinances of heaven Or call for and command clouds and lightnings and raine or give wisdome to man ver 31 38. Wilt thou hunt the prey for the Lion or provide the Raven his food If not these things then much lesse order me and my wayes and wisdome Knowest thou Having spoken of the Lion chapter XXXIX verse 1 and of the Raven Jehovah addes more in this Chapter of the wilde Goat of the Hinde ver 1 4. Of the wilde Asse ver 5 8. Of the Unicorne ver 9 12. Of the Peacock and Ostrich ver 13 18. Of the Horse ver 19 25. Of the Hawk ver 26. Of the Eagle ver 27 30. God shewes his power in these in making and ordering them in his Provision for them which men take no care for nor cannot effect in the extraordinary strength
Ministers of the Gospel or requires parity of authority among them but saith that those things though good and lawful in themselves yet have no place in nor relation to his spiritual Kingdome which is in the soul. not stand As Num. XXX 5 12. verse 5 Josh. II. 11. and VII 12 13. Knoweth Acknowledge and own verse 6 approveth regardeth rewardeth As Exod. III. 7. Deut. XXXIV 10. Psal. XXXI 8. and XXXVII 18. and CXLII 5. and CXLIV 12. Prov. XII 10. Hos. XIII 5. Matth. VII 23. Rom. VII 15. John X. 14. Job XXIII 10. Prov. II. 8. Why I his Psalme by many of the Ancients is joyned to the former chapter II verse 1 as a part of it And they take the former as a Preface to this or rather to the whole Book of the Psalmes But Saint Paul doth distinguish them Acts XIII 33. And the Church doth ascribe this Psalme to David though it bear not his Title Acts IV. 25. And in this Psalme David bears a Type of Christ who is here more realy properly principaly and immediately intended All which appears Acts IV. 25 26. and XIII 33. Heb. I. 5. and V. 5. So that the first and open sense points to David the mystical and more abstruse to the Messias And no doubt but this and such allusions more were out of all question even from the beginning so fore-cast and appointed as it were by the holy Ghost Why The Psalmist demands and wonders at the banding and conspiring of all and all sorts of enemies against David and his Kingdome typicaly as did Saul Ishbosheth Abner the Philistines Jebusites and others But against Christ and his Kingdome principaly as is the prime purpose maine scope and intent of this Psalme Acts IV. 25 26. Mark III. 6. John XI 53. Luke XIX 14. Though all in vaine ver 1 2 3. The Kings 2 Sam. VIII and X. verse 2 Chapters heavens 1 King VIII verse 4 27. Jer. XXII 24. Psal. CXXXIX 7. The King of heaven against those Kings of the earth ver 2. laugh And have them in derision as Job XLI 29. dictum 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 intelligendum 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Psal. XXXVII 12 13. and LIX 8. Prov. I. 26. wrath No passion properly hath any place in Gods will verse 5 It is not in him but without him not in his affection but in his act These expressions are but condescentions to the weaknesse of our capacities Psal. LXXVI 6 9. and CIV 32. yet have I God the Father who makes and orders all earthly Kingdomes verse 6 Dan. IV. 14. and II. 21. and VII 14. Ezra I. 1. my King Prov. VIII 22 30. Acts II. 36. Sion See the Observations on Deut. III. 9. and on 1 Chron. XI 5. See Psal. LXXVIII 68. and LXVIII 17. and CXXXII 13. and LXXXVII 2. Esay II. 2 3 4. and IV. 4. I will declare David typicaly verse 7 Christ principaly who is in the bosome of the Father the Word and Wisdome of the Father The Lord hath said Hebr. V. 5. Psal. CX 1. my sonne Not as holy men Princes David or Angels are called the sonnes of God John I. 12. Jer. XXXI 9. Psal. LXXXII 6. Job I. 6. But in a peculiar maner farre above all these Hebr. I. 4 5 9. not by adoption or grace but by nature This day Relates to his Nativity as man not to his Divinity as God And as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 he is called the Sonne of God Luke I. 35. Heb. I. 5. And that raising up of Jesus Acts XIII 33. relates to this Exhibition of him in the flesh mentioned also ver 23. That other raising him from the dead speaks plainly of his resurrection from the grave Acts XIII ver 34 37. Rom. I. 4. have I begotten thee Not relating here to his eternal generation as the Sonne of God the second Person and Hypostasis in the Trinity But to his gigniture 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 when he revealed him to the world Aske of me God Decrees verse 8 as the End so the Means As Assuerus to Ester chap. V. 3. And Herod to the daughter of Herodias Mark VI. 23. And God himself to Solomon 1 King III. 5. So and much more here God the Father to Christ his Sonne the Mediatour Thus Christ asked and prayed in the dayes of his flesh and was ever heard in whatsoever he asked according to the nature of his asking John XI 22 42. Heb. V. 7. John XVII 9. and the uttermost Psal. XXII 29 30. Heb. I. 2. Dan. II. 44. them Thine enemies verse 9 ver 1 2 3. rod of iron Esay XXX 14. Jer. XIX 11. See the actual execution Apoc. II. 26. and chap. XII 5. and XIX 15. Esay XI 4. Be wise Take better counsel then that verse 10 ver 2 use better wisdome now Heb. V. 7. Prov. V. 7. and VII 24. and VIII 32. Esay XLIV 1. Delay is dangerous Kings Ye ver 2. serve Kings verse 11 and all other yet enemies serve him Luke I. 74 75. Psal. CXVI 16. with fear A filial fear which is joyned with joy Psal. C. 2. rejoyce with trembling These two also are coëxistent joy Rom. XIV 17. Ps. IX 2. 14. Phil. IV. 4. Trembling Phil. II. 12. The regenerate man is a kinde of mixt person hath as Rebecca two strugling in him Kisse A signe verse 12 of Love amongst equals Gen. XXXIII 4. 1 Sam. XX. 41. Rom. XVI 16. 1 Cor. XVI 20. Of Subjection in inferiours Gen. XLI 40. 1 Sam. X. 1. Prov. XXIV 26. Of religious adoration 1 King XIX 18. Job XXXI 27. the Sonne 1 John II. 23. John V. 23. lest he be angry Gen. III. 3. Certainly he will ver 5. 2 Thes. I. 8. Apoc. VI. 16 17. and ye perish from the way The way of happinesse you and your way perish Psal. I. 6. or your way of combination against Christ ver 1 2. or in the way of your conceited peace and secure prosperity Blessed Apoc. XIX 9. Rom. IX 33. John III. 36. ten thousands of people And likely more now gathered against him chapter III verse 6 by means of Absolom Most of Davids Psalmes in order of time go before this Psalme my glorie The glorie of my Kingdome which God hath promised me verse 2 and whereunto he hath anointed me godly 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 chapter IV verse 3 In an active signification Whence the Asideans 1 Macc. 7. 13. 2 Macc. XIV 6. may seeme to have their name And whence the Pelican hath the name of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from the pious benignity it shews as to her young ones so to her dam when over-grown with years as some write And from her Greek name 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ariseth the Greek Proverb 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to denotate a retribution and recompensation of pious duties offices and benefits such as the Pelican useth The same word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is taken also and used by some for the Stork as Jer. VIII 7. the Stork having the like pious benigne
Ophir 1 Kings IX 28. Uphaz Jer. X. 9. This is the chiefest gold Dan X. 5. Job XXVIII 15. Psal. CXIX 72. See the Observations on Esay XIII 12. great reward Which reward yet is of grace verse 11 not of merit Rom. VIII 3. through Gods free grace and bounty not the merit of our works The Apostle doth thus distinguish of merit Rom. IV. 4 5. and XI 6. There is no merit properly if the work be not properly out own and not otherwise due debt and justly equal to the reward They are justly due out of his true and free promise who can Where then is that possibility verse 12 and facility of fulfilling the Law even unto works of Supererogation whereof Papists do so much brag dominion over me There are sinnes reigning and not reigning but rebelling verse 13 Rom. VI. 12 22. and VII 15 20. The Lord hear thee This Psalme chapter XXI verse 1 and the next are composed by David for a publike forme of a Prayer in the one of a Thanksgiving in the other to be used by the people for himself the King They seeme to stretch this Psalme too farre and that without ground who make it to be a Prophesie of Christs Sufferings and his deliverances out of them for which the Church with him triumpheth As also the next Psalme to gratulate the victory and Salvation of Christ. Save Lord verse 9 let the King hear us Most here understand God or the Messias Some David The LXX not observing or keeping the Hebrew distinction Athnach render it thus Lord save the King and hear us when we call upon thee for ever and ever Psal. chapter XXI verse 4 LXXXIX 29 36 37. and LXI 6 7. David lived but seventy years yet in his royal posterity for many ages and in Christ the Sonne of David Matth. XXII 42. for ever and ever eternaly Rom. VI. 9. Apoc. I. 18. Heb. VII 25. See the Observations on Deut. XV. 17. Thine hand King Davids hand chapter XXII verse 8 In some Psalmes there are passages that properly and literaly belong to David and to Christ only as David was a Type of him But in this Psalme are some Passages as ver 16 17 18. besides many other which are applied to Christ in the New Testament as ver 1 7 8 22 27. which literaly and properly belong to Christ and are appliable to him only or to him more then to David Then here is no place left for that question of the Eunuch Acts VIII 34. The allegations out of this Psalme Matth. XXVII 46 35 43. Heb. II. 12. and the body of the Psalme it self do shew that little of it can be applied to David as a Type most of it is proper and peculiar to Christ alone as I formerly said 1 Pet. I. 11 12. my God Jesus on the Crosse little before his death verse 1 about the ninth hour cryed out these words with a loud voice Matth. XXVII 46. Heb. V. 7. upon the weight of Gods wrath under the burden of our sinnes The Deity by a special providence and dispensation withdrawing and suspending its influence from the Humanity for this time God withdrawing all sense of his favour from him Not that the hypostatical union of both natures was then or ever severed or dissolved But yet he suffered chiefly in his soul all the paines pangs and agonies of a justly angry and punishing God even more then can either be expressed or imagined even so farre above the measure of ordinary sufferings as himself was above ordinary men without any influence or joy or comfort streaming from the Vision of God upon his mind and wil for that time So that he suffered as in body so in soul in his whole man as in his sensual part so in his intellectual also in his whole soul and body and in all the parts powers and faculties of them And the greatest sufferings as was said that could be sustained in this life Lam. I. 12. yet without any derogation to the integrity purity innocencie dignity of the person of Christ our Surety and Saviour These words then are not a complaint out of impatience ignorance disobedience or diffidence They are the words of sense not of infidelity See ver 24. Luke XXIII 46. He strongly calls him his God even in that instant of these suffering so expressing his firme faith in him But they are a Protestation of the bitternesse of his Passion so stricken smitten of God and afflicted and so farre prevailing on him in whom the spirit of fortitude had his residence forsaken me This sense of dereliction and carencie of Divine favour for the time as it was the Fathers pleasure to have it so so the Sonnes office called him unto it and he did not contract it by any fault of his but did voluntarily undertake it for our sinnes and the expiation of them as he did the death it self So that in this then there could not be any defect or defanlt of faith and hope requisite in him And likewise that Prayer and Speech Matth. XXVI 39. bewrayes the sense of the flesh but joyned with the obedience of the Spirit in him A double Will in him against Monothelites but joyned both in one holy obedience and subjection All which shew the nature of sinne the infinite wrath of God against it the infinite Love of the Father and the Sonne towards the children of men and the verity of Christs Humane Nature both in body and soul. roaring Like that of Lions Psal. XXXII 3. and XXXVIII 8. Matth. XXVI 38. Marke XIV 33. Luke XXII 44. so that he had need of an Angel for his Comforter Yet he so wrestles and prevailes that no signe of halting was left remaining after no signe or voice of despair as some are shamelesly wronged to charge upon him All the agonies of Christs soul ceased with his death but thou hearest not We read that God ever heard him verse 2 ver 24. John XI 42. Heb. V. 7. But here this Prayer was only conditional a signification of a natural desire not an absolute and plenary Prayer inhabit the praises of Israel Whose praise thou art verse 3 Deut. X. 21. And they praise thee in thy House and Sanctuary Thou art still praised by them for thy benefits to them and acknowledged their holy one Our fathers And shall I be so forsaken verse 4 not heard nor holpen nor delivered Thus he aggravates his complaint rouzeth up his faith bowes and moves God to mercie Cried Crying or clamor verse 5 and Prayer are oft conjoyned Psal III. 4. and XVIII 7. Jer. VII 16. Jonas III. 8. Micah III. 4. a worme So vile and contemptible in the eyes of men verse 6 Esay LIII 2 3. as Job XXV 6. Esay XLI 14. Not only made lower then the Angels Psal. VIII 5. Heb. II. 7. but disesteemed more then Barrabas or the two theives All they that see me This verse verse 7 and the next we see fulfilled in the History of Christs Passion
III. 24. and XI 13. and the Annotations of learned Master Gataker upon those places verse 31 of the dead Offered to those dead idols Num. XXV 2. Jer. X. 5. And that was counted unto him for righteousnesse i. e. this fact of Phineas was approved of God as just and righteous and for such ever to be esteemed The same phrase used Gen. XV. 6. hath another sense of justifying Abrahams person before God by faith though a man without faults in himself otherwise And so is rightly applied by Saint Paul Rom. IV. 3 5 8 9 22 23 24. to the justification of sinner before God by Faith meerly for righteousnesse A right and just action not the fruit of a rash zeale though done without ordinary authority unadvisedly Num. XX. Devils Levit. verse 33 XVII 7 See the Observations on Judges VIII 33. his Covenant This verse 37 and his Name sake verse 8 are the ground of Gods free mercies verse 45 among the heathen among whom divers Israelites were scattered verse 47 in the times of the Judges and Saul by reason of their often troubles at home till the Kingdome came to David whose words these are 1 Chron. XVI 35 36. This Psalme hath much elegancy and sublimity in it chapter CVII South In the Hebrew verse 3 Sea meaning the Red Sea which was South from Canaan But much more usualy in Scripture by Sea is understood the West because the great Mediterrane Sea lay West from Canaan mount up And hyperbole verse 26 Of them see the Observations on Josh. XI 4. them Marriners verse 30 and passingers rivers Watery fruitful places verse 33 dry Barren thirsty will observe Not that such deliverances are vouchsafed alwayes to all in such dangers verse 43 Gods wayes of his governing Providence are a great deep unsearchable But those deliverances when they come they come from him A Song chapter CVIII a Psalme See the Observations on the Title of Psalme XLVIII This Psalme is composed of Psal. LVII 7 11. and Psal. LX. 5 12. See the Observations on both those Psalmes glorie See the Observations on Psal XVI verse 1 9. wash-pot So Psal. verse 9 LX. any washing pot to wash the filth of my feet in Without any allusion to the Marishes of Moab or their Land to be washed in blood or themselves wiped cleane away as a pot is wiped But rather to be used to servile sordid base offices of David By the matter of the Psalme chapter CIX it seemes to be penned and inspired towards the end of Sauls reigne when all things were grown to a forlorne and wicked state See 1 Sam. XXVI 19. unto Prayer The use and comfort of Prayer Set Many Imprecations follow verse 4 And the like see in Psal. XXXV verse 6 4 8. and LIX 5 13. and LXIX 22 28. and LXXIX 10. and CXIX 84. and CXL 10. Job XXXI Nehem. VI. 4. 5. and VI. 6 14. Esay II. 9. Jer. XI 20. and XV. 15. and chap. XVII 18. and XVIII 21 22 23. and XX. 12. 2 Tim. IV. 14. And these with exquisite formes of speeches And uttered by David and the rest against transcendent sinners rather as Prophets but of zeale to God and his glory therein then in relation to their private passions of revenge or respect to themselves as parties And yet these or the like Prayers and Imprecations may possibly be mixt with Humane infirmities as those in Jeremy See the Annotations on Nehem. IV. 5. Or in some they may be understood with silent limitations and reservations right hand He plead and prevail against him condemned Go out guilty verse 7 or wicked become sinne Let no suit or defence of his avail for him but rather hurt him 8 his office Applied to Judas Acts I. 16 verse 8 20 26. their desolate places Their houses and families that are desolate and destroyed verse 10 fathers Thus God punisheth to the third and fourth generation verse 14 the wickednesse of the parents on their wicked children Exod. XX. 5. As he cloathed himself with cursing See the Observations on Psal verse 18 LXXIII 6. Let it be unto him The curse wherein he delighted in cursing others which pleased him as water and oile Let that same be unto him Or let a curse thus cover and cleave unto him and come into his bowels and bones See the Observations on Psal. LXXIII 6. shaked their heads Psal. verse 25 XXII 7. This Psalme is all Prophetical chapter CX all of Christ foretelling his Person Natures and Offices specialy his Kingdome and Priesthood And of his Victory over his enemies and of his Triumph afterwards And hereupon it is cited and made use of Matth. XXII 44. Mark XII 36. Luke XX. 42. Acts II. 34. Heb. I. 13. and V. 6. and VII 17. The Lord The Messias himself applies verse 1 aâ—d appropriates this verse to himself Matth. XXII 44. Marke XII 36. Luke XX. 42. Saint Peter from this verse proves Christs Ascention into heaven Acts II. 34. Saint Paul relates to it in the point of Christ reigne over all enemies 1 Cor. XV. 25. Denying that the words of this verse were used or could be used to any of the Angels Heb. I. 13. And therefore they cannot be appliable to David himself or to any meere man The Lord Heb. Jehovah See the Annotations of learned Master Gataker on Esay I. 2. and XXVI 4. See also my Observations on Psalme LXXXIII 18. and on LXXI 5. and on LXVIII 4. This Name of Essence never admits any affix in the Hebrew tongue And it may lawfully be pronounced though the ancient Jewes refrained from doing so to gaine thereby the more reverence to it And this Name is common to the three Persons yet according to the sense and circumstances of divers texts and places chapter CIII specialy when relation is had to another Person of the Trinity it is taken Personaly And so here for God the Father As likewise Psal. II. 7. said In his eternal Decree predestinating his Sonne to be the Messias to execute in time the Office of Mediatorship unto my Lord Davids Lord as well as his Sonne sit thou This and other phrases here are not proper but figurative to be understood not corporealy but spiritualy Christ is said in Scripture promiscuously both to stand and to sit at the right hand of God Heb. I. 3. Acts VII 55 56. 1 Pet. III. 22. at my right hand The right hand signifies power and strength Psal. CXVIII 16. Exod. XV. 6. Psal. CXLIV 8. Power to help verse 5. Psal. XVI 8. and CXLII 4. Eccles. X. 2. To be or sit there imports dignity and honour 1 Kings II. 19. Matth. XX. 21. And such is the meaning here And this dignity here expressed by this phrase is ascribed to Christ not in relation to his Deity for so he and the Father are one Herein he is and alwayes was of equal dignity with the Father But in regard of his Humanity whereby the Father was greater then he And wherein formerly he had emptied
and humbled himself and suffered even to death and so was made a little lower then the Angels But now hereby he is crowned with glory and honour Yet this dignity here is not ascribed to his Humanity singly in it self considered but in supposito as it hypostaticaly subsists in the Person of the Sonne of God And this Dignity is not an elevation and exaltation of the Humanity of our Saviour into the Majesty and essential properties and prerogatives of the Divine-nature and so to have a parity of Dignity with it an equality in all points realy communicated to the Humanity in it self as the Ubiquitaries contend and plead for and which they referre not to the Person only but to the very Humane nature also in the Person of the Sonne of God But this Dignity of Christs Humanity is that which is next in degree under God and the Father above that of the Angels and all creatures Heb. I. 3 4. Ephes. I. 20 21 22 23. given to him in time after his Ascention as a consequent and reward of his exinanition and passion Phil. II. ult Heb. II. 9. Luke XXIV 26. This Dignity Saint Paul declares 1 Cor. XV. 25. and Saint Peter Acts V. 31. and X. 42. Iohn V. 27. In summe then as Christ emptied himself and subjected himself to the Father not in regard of his Divine nature but in regard of his Person God-man and that only out of his Voluntary dispensation So out of the same his voluntary dispensation it is that he exercises this office of Mediation in both natures And here after his Ascention not before in the Personal Union of both Natures he receives this Dignity of sitting on the Fathers right hand his Person reigning so in both natures It is not then the Humanity in it self singly taken that sits on the right hand of God but the Humanity of that Person that sits at the right hand of God as in the Incarnation it came to passe not that the Humanity became God but that the Humanity became then the Humanity of God And Christ now sitting at the right hand of God doth reigne every where even as Man also though his Humanity be not every where as a King doth in his Kingdom though his body be not every where as the Head in the Body though the Head be not every where as the Sun in the firmament enlightens heats cherisheth quickeneth things below though the Sun remaine in its own place above until 1 Cor. XV. 14 25 28. Not yet that the Son shal then leave off all Rule and Reigne and be subject to the Father simply But that then he shall leave off his Office of Mediation having then overcome his enemies and fully gathered his Church he shall not thenceforth use those meanes and actings which formerly he did the whole work being then finished then shall he leave off the administration of that delegation which he had formerly freely undertaken there being then no more need of it But thenceforth shall he reigne together with the Father to all eternity Dan. VII 14. Luke I. 23. In a sense not unlike is this particle untill used Psal. CXXIII 2. Matth. ult ult Gen. XXVIII 15. what is affirmed of the time past is not denied for the time to come I make I God the Father Not excluding God the Sonne For the same action is attributed to him 1 Cor. XV. 25. Iohn XVI 33 Opera Trinitatis ad extra sunt indivisa thine enemies The Devill John XIV 30. 1 Cor. XV. 24. The World John XVI 33. and XV. 18. Antichrist and all wicked men Luke XIX 27. Not but that these are the enemies of God and the Father also John V. 23. And so both are joyned together Psal. II. 2. yet more immediately and directly enemies to Christ the Sonne who came into the world to destroy the works of the Devil 1 John II. 8. enemies to his Kingdome and his inheritance Matth. XXI 38. thy foot-stoole All utterly subdued and put under thy feete 1 Cor. XV. 14. As Iudg. I. 7. Psal. XLVII 3. and Psal. XVIII 39 40. 1 Kings V. 3. Iosh. X. 24. 25. Thus did Sapor the Persian King Tamerlane the Scythian and Pope Alexander the fourth to the Emperour Frederick the first This Conquest was made by Christs Resurrection and Ascention Col. II. 15. Ephes. IV. 8. Iohn XII 3. and chap. XVI 11. 33. They touch not Christs person now as they did when he was upon earth They have not power over his mystical body and true members to domineer over them subdue them or deadly destroy them yet they have power to bite and bruise their heel and so to persecute Christ in his members Acts IX 4. and ch XXII 7. Zech. II. 8. And so the victory is not yet fully compleat Rom. XVI 20. And this makes for Christs greater glory and his childrens good But at the last day in the end of the world all the enemies shall be altogether utterly subdued and destroyed and punished everlastingly 1 Cor. XV. 25 28. Matth. XXV 41 c. The Lord shall send The Prophet David here turnes his speech to his Lord and Sonne and speaks here of Iehovah what he shall do to and for him the rod of thy strength Thy royal Scepter or Shepherds staffe thy Kingdome and the Dominion thereof Ier. XLVIII 17. Ezek. XIX 4 11. thy royal power which shall be strong to overpower all the strength of the world opposing it Rom. I. 16. And this is his Word and Gospel not any temporal armes or power out of Zion There began the promulgation and thence sprang the Propagation of the Gospel and of Christs Kingdome which wondrously subdued all the world Ps. II. 6 8. Esay II. 2 3. Mich. IV. 2. rule thou in the midst of thine enemies Here is the successe of Christs Kingdome even among his enemies He and his Church Militant in this world shall still have enemies Matth. X. 6. Yet he shall rule and reigne in the midst of them in despight of them and that with all confidence and boldnesse Thy people As by right of Creation so chiefly here verse 3 by right of Redemption Here is the successe of Christs Kingdome among his subjects shall be willing Their first property to be prompt ready devout chearfully obedient 1 Pet. II. 9. freely led thereto by Gods free Spirit Psal. LI. 12. Rom. VIII 14. Psal. LIV. 6. 2 Cor. IX 7. As Iudg. V. 9. Nehem. XI 2. Acts II. 41. Made such by Christ of unwilling to be so willing Iohn VI. 44. Psal. CXIX 10 11. 108. and in many other places of that Psalme Esay ELIX 18. and LV. 5. and LX. 4. in the day of thy power When by the powerful preaching of thy Gospel thou shalt rule in the midst of thine enemies and powerfully convert thy people to so willing an obedience unto thee The word here translated Power signifies also an armie and may relate to Christs mustering of his people as armies in the dayes of their
He at thy right hand ready to assist thee O Christ as Psal. XVI 8. and CIX 31. Shall strike through Kings Psal. II. 2 4 5. even the highest Powers and Potentates that oppose Christ and his Kingdome 2 Cor. X. 5. In the day of his wrath the time appointed in Gods wisdome the time of his just will so to punish them with plagues temporal eternal in this life in that to come 1 Thes. I. 9 10. Not that Christ the Lord shall be exempted from this powerful conquest and overthrow of his enemies the Sonne being in all things coequal consubstantial with the Father And so the Act coming from the Father by the Sonne But in this speech relation is had to Christ as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 God and Man as the King Mediatour and receiving his Office from the Father He shall judge The Lord at thy right hand shall execute judgements and punishments verse 6 among the heathen Psal. II. 1. Acts IV. 27. all his enemies whatsoever he shall fill the places with the dead bodies All places with the carkases of the slaine See Jer. XVI 4. A figurative and poetical expression of an huge slaughter such as was that of the Jewes at the final destruction of Jerusalem after the death of our Saviour he shall wound the head in many countries Wound or strike through Head for heads collectively Psal. LXVIII 21. in many or great countries See that Apoc. XX. 9 10. He Christ the Lord. verse 7 Thus the Prophet passeth from the Father to the Sonne The Father acteth by the Sonne the Sonne from the Father shall drink of the brook in the way In pursuing the victory over his enemies he shall do as Gideons souldiers did Judg. VII 7. admit of no delaies which occasioned that interdict adjuration and curse of Saul 1 Sam. XIV 24. Or rather these words seeme to have relation to Christs state of Humiliation and the rather because of that opposition thereunto in the words following And so here we have Christs exinanition and exaltation his passion and resurrection whereby he was brought to sit at the right hand of the Father verse 1. drink In passing through this valley of tears in this world he shall drink deeply of the cup of sorrowes the waters floods and torrents of afflictions and miseries should overtake and encompasse him if not overwhelme and drowne him Psal. LXXXVIII 7. 17. See Jer. XXV 15 16. and chap. XLIX 12. Matth. XX. 22. John XVIII 11. Matth. XXVI 39. in the way Of this life the way of doing his fathers will for the work of mans redemption Phil. II. 7 8. He hid for the time the luster and beams of his Divine Majesty that it might not hinder the sufferings and death of his Humanity 1 Cor. II. 8. Matth. XVII 9. therefore Thus Christ came from his humiliation to his exaltation from his Priesthood to his Kingdome Therefore here notes not a Merit preceding in Christ meriting for himself this exaltation or his glorie either in body or soul his life eternal All necessarily followed upon that hypostatical Union which he could not merit to himself All Christ did was to merit for us The particle here notes the consequence or sequel and order the means and manner how he came to this exaltation shal he lift up the head Be exalted sit at Gods right hand See for the phrase Psal. III. 3. and XXVII 6. Jer. LII 31. Lam. II. 10. sublimi feriet sydera vertice Praise This is one of the Alphabetical Psalmes chapter CXI verse 1 And so is the next Psalme Thereby to help memory and to mark out the excellency of these Psalmes See the Observations on the beginning of the Book of Psalmes wonderful works In Egypt verse 4. 5. meat Manna and Quails Covenant Though they by their sinnes often and grievously provoked him heathen Canaanites verse 6 Praise chapter CXII verse 1 See the former Psalme wealth See the Observations on Psal. XXXVII 1. verse 3 light in darknesse Esay LVIII 10. Job XI 17. Psal. XXXVII 6. verse 4 of evil tydings Prov. I. 33. Otherwise is it with the wicked verse 7 Jer. XLIX 23. gnash with his teeth See that Luke XIII verse 10 28. who humbleth himself to behold Psal. chapter CXIII verse 6 CXXXVIII 6. and CXXXIX 1 c. Job XXXIV 21 22. Prov. V. 21. Jer. XVI 17. contrary to that Psal. LXXIII 11. and LXIV 6. and XCIV 7 10. Job XXII 12 13. He raiseth 1 Sam. II. 8. verse 7 mountains skipped Sinai chapter CXIV verse 4 Horeb quaked and shaked Exod. XIX 18. Hab. III. 6 10. Psal LXVIII 8. Their idols are Not like unto our God chapter CXV verse 4 verse 3. are like unto them As much without sense and reason verse 8 as blocks and stones their help Theirs that trust in him or one person verse 9 put for another which is not unusual hath he given To their use verse 16 in this world Or the earth also is the Lords which he hath given to the children of men The dead praise not Psal. verse 17 VI. 5. and XXX 9. and LXXXVIII 10 11 12. Esay XXXVIII 18. I love This may seeme to be Davids Psalme chapter CXVI verse 1 upon his new coming to the Kingdome Therefore The experience of Gods hearing our prayers verse 2 doth hearten us to pray the more Pains of hell The sorrowes and straits of death verse 3 and the grave Psal. XVIII 5 6. Gratious The issue and effect of Prayer verse 5 thy rest Thy quiet comfortable estate in God without trouble of conscience verse 7 and that because of Gods goodnesse and good dealing towards thee I beleeved 2 Cor. verse 10 IV. 13. upon consideration of the Premises his Faith thus triumphed notwithstanding his afflictions I was greatly afflicted The Hebrew word here hath an Active forme but in a Passive signification As sometimes an Hebrew word in a Passive forme is of an Active signification See Esay XXI 10. and chap. XXV 9. and LIII 7. and Ezek XIV 4 7. haste verse 11 All men are liers Even the Prophets as Samuel that promised to me the Kingdome Yea all men in comparison of God unable to help in time of need Rom. III. 4. cup of salvations Used in the Israelites Peace-offerings of Thanksgivings verse 13 and in the Meat-offerings joyned to them and to their whole-burnt offerings and used in their holy Feasts 1 Chron. XVI 1 2 3 whence that seemes to be Luke XXII 17. vowes Made in mine adversity verse 14 Of vowes see the Annotations on Jonah I. 16. Pretious Psal. LXXII verse 15 14. which God shewes in preserving my life from death in the midst of all mine enemies Praise The Apostle alledgeth this to prove Gods mercy to the Gentiles chapter CXVII verse 1 that they should therefore glorifie him O give thanks This may seeme to be Davids Psalme chapter CXVIII verse 1 and likely inspired and composed upon his returne from his last victory over the Ammonites 2 Sam.
XII 29. on my side Heb. verse 6 XIII 6. Psal. LVI 4. 11. All nations David had to deale with all the neighbouring nations round about him verse 10 Thou Speaking to the enemie verse 13 Open to me The gates of the Sanctuarie verse 19 or house of God the gates of the Court thereof which the Levitical Porters were to do for men to come and serve the Lord. of righteousnesse For the righteous and cleane only were to enter in thereat 2 Chron. XXIII 19. See Esay XXVI 2. Apoc. XXI 27. The stone David Typicaly verse 22 His Sonne the Messias Realy Mat. XXI 42. Ephes. II. 20. builders refused The Rulers refused David in the reignes of Saul and Ishbosheth The Priests and Elders refused Christ Mark XII 2 10. Luke XIX 14. 1 Pet. II. 7. the head stone Acts IV. 11. Luke XX. 17. Of this stone see more Esay XXVIII 16. Dan. II. 34 35 45. Zech. III. 9. Rom. IX 33. the day A chief and choise day of God shewing his mercie verse 24 Save nowâ—beseech thee Heb. Hoshiahâ— na verse 25 in Greek sounded Hosanna wherewith Christ is welcomed to Jerusalem and the Temple Mat. XXI 9 15. Luke XIX 37 38. we have blessed you These seeme to be the Priests words verse 26 relating to Num. VI. 23. light Prosperity verse 27 under the Kingdome of David and Christ. even unto the hornes of the Altar Likely the hornes of the Altar Exod. XXVII 2. intended for that use Or sacrifices abundantly all the Court over till you come to the hornes of the Altar Levit. IV. 7. Blessed Of this Psalme see the Observations on the beginning of the Book of Psalmes chapter CXIX verse 1 David probably is the penman of it The stile is plaine fitted for all capacities And the Alphabetical order was used for help of memory It is full of the ardent pious affections of a religious soul. Petitions for saving knowledge and gracious assistance from God and Promises of all holy sincere obedience thereupon are in every Octonarie with wondrous art and variety of sense yet running much upon the same words without any tautologie Before I was afflicted So verse 71. verse 67 Before I spake or answered is not so proper an interpretation of this place though it pleased Junius unlesse we understand it thus Before I cried out by reason of affliction my soul is continualy in my hand i. e. verse 109 my life is dayly in danger As Iudg. XII 3. 1 Sam. XIX 5. and chap. XXVIII 21. Many read this text in thy hand or hands understanding Gods hand which imports not danger but safety and security as Psal. XXXI 5. Luke XXIII 46. 1 Pet. IV. 19. And is indeed a wrong reading and breeds sundry senses not consonant or consisting with the tenour of this verse any iniquity either in me verse 133 subjective or of others against me objective And so the later way may be understood that Gal. II. 7 90 Ephes. VI. 12. Heb. XII 4. Psal. XLIX 5. and XL. 12. and LXV 3. and XXXIX 8. A song of degrees or ascensions chapter CXX heights or excellencies This and the fourteene Psalmes following have this Title prefixed The meaning whereof is variously conjectured As thus That they were to be sung with a loud voice as 1 Chron. XV. 16. Or upon the steps and degrees of the staires ascending to the Court of the people or to that of the Priests which they say were fifteene in number according to these number of these Psalms Or in the coming of the Ark into the Temple Or in their returne out of Babylon Or to be sung in their returne into their own land in the time of the Messias Others have other conjectures yet without any certaine determination neither is it much material Of these four bear Davids title and some of the rest not unlikely were penned by him I David likely verse 1 from lying lips Of such as falsely accused him to Saul verse 2 1 Sam. XXIV 9. and chap. XXVI 19. what shall be given What good or profit shalt thou get or gaine by it verse 3 sharp arrowes Such is a false tongue verse 4 or such are the plagues God will render as a reward unto it Woe is me Laments verse 5 that in his exile he was forced to dwell so long with the cruel and barbarous posterity of Mesech the sonne of Japhet Gen. X. 2. and of Kedar the sonne of Ishmael Gen. XXV 13. or rather with men of like evil cruel conditions to them hills Moriah chapter CXXI verse 1 and Zion where God dwelleth But most to God himself verse 2. The Sunne By its parching heat verse 6 as Ionah IV. 8. Nor the Moon by its cold vapors Gen. XXXI 40. nor any discommodity shall be able to annoy thee Psal. XCI 5. I David having brought the Ark of the testimony to Ierusalem chapter CXXII verse 1 and setled the Thrones of judgement there pens this Psalme of joy and gladnesse therefore Praising the Citie and praying for the prosperity of it testimonie The Ark. verse 4 See the Observations on Ex. 25. 16. thrones of judgement Both Ecclesiastical verse 5 and Civil as God had commanded Deut. XVII 8 c. the captivity of Zion Out of Babylon chapter CXXVI verse 1 which returne figured our Redemption by Christ. that dreame So incredible it was and the joy of it that we half doubted whether it were true or but a dreame As Peter did Acts XII 9 11. See Esay XXIX 7 8. And the like speech we read of in Abdolominus when he was taken from manuring the earth to possesse a Kingdome and in Isaacus Angelus when he was suddenly lifted up to the Empire and in that famous Iohn Chrysostome when he was first chosen into the Presbyterie Turn again Prayes that the deliverance begun verse 4 may be carried on and brought to perfection For it had many stops and hinderances as appears in the books of Ezra and Nehemiah They that sow in tears That went mournfuly into captivity verse 5 shall return joyfuly for Solomon Seemes to be inspired and penned for Solomon chapter CXXVII by David a litle before his death Psal. LXXII title Except the Lord This is true generaly verse 1 yet may relate to the future building of the Temple by Solomon and the safe keeping of the Citie Ierusalem or rather to the building of Solomons house and posterity so By building verse 2 keeping blessing their labours without sorrow he giveth Or surely will give or rightly doth give his beloved Whom he loves and who in assurance of his love commits himself to him and his care The Hebrew word Iedid seemes to allude to Solomons name Iedidiah 2 Sam. XII 25. his darling sleep Or quiet rest without carking care and sorrow The Hebrew word is written with 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a quiet dumb letter otherwise then usual to denote the more quietnesse And this rest not your care and toil but Gods blessing will bring unto you Prov. X. 22.
subject matter of it agreeth much with ch XXIV This being a Prophecie of the destruction of the enemies of Gods people And more particularly of the Edomites in Idumea set forth in many hyperbolical expressions And all the hoast of heaven So strange and dreadful shall Gods judgements be verse 4 that the whole frame of the world shall seeme to be dissolved It is the maner of Gods Prophets in their descriptions of some extraordinary judgements to set them forth in such colours as if they were deciphering the face of that last universal judgement whereof such are in some sort resemblances and forerunners And again to set forth the restitution and restauration of Gods people out of greatest calamities in such termes as have occasioned many to be mistaken in them conceiving no other then the general and joyful resurrection at the last day to be described in them Unicorns Or Rhinocerots See the Observations on Num. XXIII 22. verse 7 for ever and ever Heb. verse 10 ever of evers The Cormorant See the like verse 11 Chap. XIII 18 22. and XIV 23. Zeph. II. 13 14. Apoc. XVIII 2. Seek ye out The certainty of this Prophecie verse 16 As if each thing here were entred into a roll of Record In the day of the execution of this judgement take this Book read this passage and see if any of these be found wanting then and there they shall These wilde creatures shall verse 17 This Chapter agreeth much with chap. chapter XXXV XXV And containes the joyful and glorious restitution exaltation and exultation of Gods people Sharon A fertil region verse 2 and pleasant lying beneath mount Lebanon in the Tribe of God and adjoyning unto Bashan 1 Chron. V. 16. There were the Roses mentioned Cant. II. 1. There had David his herds feeding 1 Chron. XXVII 29. Likely it is the same with Lassharon Josh. XII 18. Strengthen ye He incites them to hearten and encourge one another verse 3 with faith and patience to expect the accomplishment of those glorious promises Then the eyes of the blind Fulfilled in Christs time verse 5 both corporaly and spiritualy For in the wildernesse Literaly true in the Jewish Kingdome verse 6 being there â—n a Type of Christs And an high way They shall be blessed with peace verse 8 and safety the way of holinesse A Type of the way to heaven but it shall be for those Holy ones verse 5 6. No Lion shall be there As the way so plaine verse 9 so as free from danger This History is brought in to confirme and seale up the truth of some of the Prophecies and Predictions aforegoing This is recorded 2 Kings XVIII and XIX 2 Chron. XXXII came up Upon pretence likely of the Contribution with-held by Hezekiah chapter XXXVI verse 1 which his father Ahaz had paid to Tiglath-Pilezer 2 Kings XVI 7 9. and XVIII 7. without the Lord Heb. Jehovah verse 10 that sonne of four letters as the Hebrews call it used here by Rabshakeh six times in his Speech Syrian language See the Observations on Ezra IV. 7. verse 11 dung and pisse See the Observations on 2 Kings X. 27. verse 12 and take you away The maner of Conquerours to transplant the Natives verse 17 Sepharvaim Subdued before his time verse 19 2 Kings XVII 24. Eliakim Now in Shebna's office and place verse 22 And Shebna now the Scribe and so here is the beginning of his fall chap. XXII 20 21. chap. XXXVII 2. This Chapter the same in substance with 2 Kings XIX chapter XXXVII a rumor Verse 9. and 36. verse 7 So Rabshakeh returned Most likely leaving the armie still before Jerusalem verse 8 Libnah See the Observations on 2 Kings VIII 22. Lachish See the Annotations on Micah I. 13. Ethiopia See the Observations on Gen. II. 13. warre with thee Either to assist the Jewes verse 9 or in Assyria in the absence of Sennacherib and his forces Thus shall ye speak Instructions to his messengers verse 10 delivered to them in writing and so by them in writing to Hezekiah Likely as if he scorned to write himself to Hezekiah but sent him only a Copie of the Instructions Eden See the Observations on Gen. II. 8. verse 12 Cherubims See the Observations on Gen. III. 24. verse 16 And the Annotations on Ezek. IX 3. and on this text a Signe See the Observations on chap. VII 14. verse 30 and on Exod. III. 12. ye shall eate this yeare A confirmation of Sennacheribs sudden departure and returne home And also including in it an assurance of a comfortable provision of necessary food for them out of the Land notwithstanding all the havock that Sennacheribs armies had made in it and the coincident Sabbatical year for intermission of culture See the Observations on Lev. XXV 21. Then In that night verse 36 2 Kings XIX 35. the very next night after the message sent from God by Esay and smote The maner how is not expressed in the camp Likely both before Jerusalem and Libnah See Ch. XXXVI 2. and verse 8 9 14 33. of this Chapter all dead corpses All in a maner Yet some escaped and sled with Sennacherib himself See chap. XVII 14. Nineveh See the Annotations on Jonah I. 2. verse 37 and on this text his sonnes These words here written verse 38 are read in the margin but not written in the text 2 Kings XIX 37. Armenia Heb. Ararat on the mountains whereof the Arke rested Esarhaddon See the Observations on Ezra IV. 2. In those dayes chapter XXXVIII verse 1 Shortly after Sennacheribs defeat and departure shalt die Yet a secret reservation there was See Jer. XVIII 7 8. Ezek. III. 18. See the Observations on Jonah III. 4. to the wall Which haply might be towards the Temple verse 2 or by that withdrawing that he might with the more privacie and intention make his addresse to God remember now Humbly appealing to God verse 3 touching the integrity and sincerity of his heart and endeavours wept sâ—re One cause might be the want of a son Manasseh was not yet born And the State of Church and Common-wealth much unsetled Then Afore Esay was gone out into the middle Court verse 4 2 Kings XX. 4. where the text is Citie but the margin Court And the first Court of the Kings house that neerest the Palace and farthest from the street or Citie seemes here to be meant to thy dayes That he had lived already verse 5 fifteene years About the one half of his reigne verse 6 will deliver thee and this Citie The promise before made is again here renewed assuring him as of his life so of peace and tranquility to be continued to him with it that Sennacherib should not return or any Assyrian to molest him or this Citie 2 Chron. XXXII 22. which yet afterwards was done in the dayes of his son Manasseh 2 Chron. XXXIII 11. a Signe Asked by Hezekiah ver 22. verse 7 and put to his choise 2 Kings XX. 8 10. So the Sunne returned ten
50. Rom. 16 1. 1 Cor. 7. 15. Jam. 2 15. But untrue in their intent V. 8. Looked out As David saw Bathsheba 2 Sam. 11. 2. sporting Deut. 24. 5. Prov 5. 18 19. V. 9. Of a surety she is thy wife So holy and unblameable was Isaacs life that worse then this Abimelech never suspected V. 10. What is this By this passionate expostulation he sheweth how greatly adultery if not dissimulation too were condemned by heathen morality ch 20. 9. guiltinesse Both sin and punishment Lev. 5. 5 6. V. 11. Toucheth So v. 29. ch 20. 6. Josh 9. 19. Ruth 2. 9. Ps. 105. 15. Prov. 6. 29. Zech. 2. 8. V. 12. An hundred fold Mat. 3 8 23. V. 14. Envied him Eccl. 4 4. Psâ—â— 2 10 Job 5. 2. V. 15. The Philistines had stopped Contrary to Covenant and Oath ch 21. 30 31. V. 17. Valley of Gerar V. 6. V. 18. After the names by which his father Renewing the ancient good names and altering idolatrous names Numb 32. 38. The names of idols are not to be heard out of our mouthes Ex. 23. 13. Ps. 16. 4. Deut. 12. 3. Hos. 2. 17. V. 21. Sitnah Hatred or spight Hence Satan hath his name V. 23. To Beersheba The famine being ended he returned to the place whence the famine had driven him the place of his fathers dwelling See Annot. on v. 1. and on ch 21. 31. V. 24. And the Lord appeared As it seems to comfort him against the envious dealings of the Philistines So ch 15. 1. the God of Abraham Therefore Abraham lives in soul Mat. 22. 32. V. 25. An Altar Ch. 12. 7 8. 13. 4 18. V. 26 Then Abimelech As ch 21. v. 22. c. These may be those same men This history is to be compared with that Ahuzzath More then in ch 21. v. 22. V. 27. Seeing ye hate me Prov. 16 7. V. 28. And they said See Annotat. on chap. 21. 22 23. an oath And execration as ch 24. 41. V. 29. That thou wilt With a curse if thou shalt so ch 21. 23. in the margin the blessed Ch. 24. 31. This is spoken to further the Peace and Covenant desired V. 30 Feast Used at Covenants ch 31 54. V. 32. Concerning the Well V. 25. V. 33 Sâ—ebah Oath Beersheba Ch. 21. 31 Here the name of the City This Well was formerly so called by Abraham ch 21. 31. But having been stopped by the Philistines and now opened again by Isaacs servants the old name is again imposed upon the same occasion V. 34. Fourty years old He married thirty six yeares before Jacob. At fourty years old also Isaac married chap. 25. 20. Judith Esaus wives and their fathers had several names Gen. 36. 2. Both Hittites the worst sort of Canaanites Ezech. 16. 3. contrary to the cares and commands of his father mother and grandfather ch 24. 3. and v. 35. of this chapter and ch 27 46. and ch 28. 1 6 8. CHAP. XXVII Verse 1. ISaac was old One hundred thirty six or one hundred thirty seven yeares old As is rightly gathered and proved in the great late Annotat. upon this place For Isaac was sixty yeares old when Jacob was borne ch 25. v. 26. And Jacob was at this time seventy five or seventy six yeares old when he got the blessing and fled to Laban See the Annotat. on ch 29. 21. and his eyes were dimme So Jacobs ch 48. 10. so Elies 1 Sam. 3. 2 4 15. Isaac lived blinde fourty foure yeares at least ch 35 28. V 4 That my soule He would by that feasting chear up his spirit against dulnesse or any distemper that he might be the more fit instrument of the Spirit of God so Elisha calls for a minstrel to allay his passion against Jehoram prepare his minde compose his spirit and fit it for a divine motion of Gods Spirit by Prophecie 2 Kings 3. 15. may blesse thee In faith before the Lord by the Spirit of the Lord Hebr. 1â— 20. some blesse men by praying to God to blesse them So Luke 6. 28. Some by pronouncing a blessing upon them by vertue of their calling and warrant of Gods Word So the Priests blessed the people Numb 6. 23 to the end Some by the Spirit of Prophecie foretelling the blessings should come upon them so Jacob blessed Ephraim and Manasseh ch 48. 9 15 16 20. and the twelve tribes ch 49. 28. and so did Moses likewise Deut. 33. 1. And so Isaac intends to blesse Esau here And doth blesse Jacob and Esau v. 27 28 29 39 40. and Jacob again ch 28. 3 4. Thee Esau. Isaac being left in this point to his owne spirit out of his carnal judgement and affection he intends the blessing to Esau to transmit the inheritance of the blessings and promises made to his father unto Esau as his first-borne either not mindful of the divine Oracle ch 25. 23. Or understanding it not of their persons but of their posterity But Gods Providence serving it self upon the better faith and illumination of Rebekah and by her meanes doth disappoint Isaacs purpose and he by his free grace and singular favour transfers the blessing upon Jacob. V. 6. And Rebekah spake Being soundly grounded that the blessing belonged to Jacob and seeing now her husband going about to give it to Esau she labours to disappoint his errour though by wayes not so warrantable unlesse she were moved by some secret instinct of Gods Spirit V. 7. Before the Lord before my death In his presence and by his power and authority who will ratifie this my last Will and Testament Heb 11. 20 V. 12. I shall bring a curse For my deceiving Deut. 27. 18. Jer. 48. 10. Mal. 14. V. 13. Upon me be thy curse She was over-confident using such ill meanes though in a good cause and trusting to the Oracle V. 15. Goodly raiment Perfumed or kept sweet v. 27. not likely to be holy robes received from their Ancestors and kept for the first-borne to minister in Which were with her Not with Esaus wives V. 16. Skins upon his hands His face by a beard and haire might be much like Esaus V. 19. I am Esau It is in vaine to labour to excuse Jacob here and hereafter from divers lies deceipts and dissemblings V. 20. Brought it to me Ch. 24. 12. one lie drawes on another V. 27. The smell of his raiment Aromatick odours and spices for perfume abounded in those countreys V. 27. As the smell of a field With flowers fruits and vines Cant. 2. 13. 4. 14. 7. 13. V. 28. God give thee A Prayer and Prophecie And these promises of earthly blessings were types of spiritual blessings extending to all that was included in the Promises and Covenant made to and with Abraham Deut. 33. 28. 8. 8. V. 29. Let people serve thee From Jacob came Judah 1 Chron. 5. 2. Gen. 49. 10. David subdued many Nations be Lord over thy brethren Hereby he confirmes to him the right of the first-borne thy brethren and let thy
mothers sonnes Cursed Ch. 12. 3. Numb 24 9. The efficacy of the blessing here did not depend upon the intention of Isaac And no more doth the truth and efficacy of the Sacrament depend upon the intention of the Minister V. 33. Trembled As one perplexed astonished between wonder and feare lest he had done amisse Yea and he shall be blessed By that trembling as by a bit and bridle God restraines him from revoking the blessing And recollecting himself he doth now by faith re-establish it Heb. 11. 20. And after more advisedly chap. 28. 3 4. V. 34. Exceeding bitter cry Yet found no place of repentance no way to change his fathers minde to recal what he had done though he sought it carefully with tears Hebr. 12. 17. Prov. 1. 24 28. V. 35. Thy blessing Which I intended thee and by birth-right pertained to thee V. 36. And he said These words shew no true repentance in Esau. he took away Nay Esau sold it and despised it ch 25. 33 34. my blessing Not his then when the birth-right was none of his V. 37. Thy Lord V. 29. and what shall I do As if he should say comparatively all other blessings are nothing V. 39. The fatnesse of the earth Not unlike that v. 28. Mount Seir was such a place Josh. 24. 4. By faith Isaac blessed Esau concerning things to come Hebr. 11. 20. yet Canaan far surpassed Idumea Besides that Canaan was a type of the heavenly Canaan V. 40. And by this sword shalt thou live With warres and troubles defend thy state and countrey Mat. 10. 34. And not enjoy peace as Jacob Deut. 33. 27 28. Esay 2. 4. and shalt serve thy brother In thy posterity Deut. 33. 29. Gen. 25. 23. 2 Sam. 8. 14. 1 Kings 22. 47. Obad. v. 18 19 21. when thou shalt have the dominion Because of Israels sins as in the days of Jehoram 2 Kings 8. 20. 22. 2. break his yoke Of thy servitude 2 Chron. 21. 8. under which thou wast from Davids dayes till then above one hundred yeares Esay 9. 4. 10. 27. Jer. 27. 8 11. Herod was an Idumean V. 41. Hated Spitefully This shewes no true repentance in him 1 John 3. 12 15. This hatred continued in his posterity Obad v. 10 11 12 13 14 18 19 21. said in his heart Afterwards uttered it in words v. 42. are at hand In his wish and opinion Isaac being now blinde and yet he lived fourty foure yeares after V. 42. Comfort himself To receive his birth-right by killing of thee Revenge is sweet to the enraged wicked man yea the very purpose of it And thus they harden their heart in evil against Gods known Will so did Saul against David 1 Sam. 18. 28. God useth a like speech of himself in an holy sense Ezech. 5. 13. V. 44. A few dayes It proved to be above twenty yeares ch 31. 38. Doubtful whether ever Rebekah saw him again She sent not for Jacob because she saw Esaus rage and malice continue ch 32. 6. V. 45. Both in one day By fighting they might kill each other or if Esau lived they should and would then count him as dead and no better And the Law was such chap. 9. 6. V. 46. Of the daughters of Heth Esaus wives ch 26. 35 34. A wise godly and crafty counsel she conceales from Isaac the hatred of Esau and dangerous discord between his sons CHAP. XXVIII Ver. 1. ANd blessed him Isaac was constant to his first blessing notwithstanding Jacobs craft in getting it Jacob had need of this second blessing to confirme his faith against his future troubles and trials Isaac therefore by his fatherly authority now wittingly and willingly settles it on him again V. 2. Arise go Isaac was not but his fathers servant ch 24. 3 4. 5 6. And he with ten camels c. Jacob here with his staffe in his hand ch 32. 10. and to serve for a wife Hos. 12. 12. thy motheâ—s brother Cousin-germans marry V. 3. A multitude of people Chapter 35. 11. 48. 4. V. 4. The blessing of Abraham His Grandfather who had the Original grant of the blessings both temporal and spiritual earthly and heavenly made over to him and his seed and the blessing chiefly of the promised seed art a stranger Ch. 17. 8. This is to prevent the weakening of his faith by being but a stranger in it still as also his father and Grandfather were unto Abraham By Promise ch 12. 7. and often repeated V. 5. Of Bâ— thuel the Aramite Syrian So Luke translateth the word Luke 4. 27. V. 9. To Ishmael The Ishmaelites for he was dead ch 25. 17. Mahalath Called also Basemath ch 36. 3. sister By the same mother at least if not father Nebaioth Ishmaels eldest sonne ch 25. 13. From him Esau had his sister to wife Ishmael being now dead Esau and she were Cousin-germans two brothers children This Esau did to please his father and strengthen himself by the Ishmaelites against Jacob. And now he hath three wives assoon likely as Jacob had any V. 10. From Beersheba Ch. 26. 23. toward Haran Charran Acts 7. 2. a long journey seven dayes journey in Labans pursuit to Mount Gilead ch 31. 22 23. which Mount stretched through the two tribes and 1 2 beyond Jordan Eastward And now was Jacob seventy five or seventy six yeares old See Annot. on ch 29. 21. V. 11. And he lighted By Gods Providence chap. 32. 10. because the Sun was set And so or for wearinesse he did not reach Luz after called Bethel Though it were hard by v. 19. It is conceived to be near fifty English miles distant from Beer-sheba and from Jerusalem eight miles Northward for his pillowes Hard distresse He went so meanly from his parents or haply stole away in a sort lest Esau should lie in wait for him by the way as he did at his returne ch 32. 6. Abrahams servant went with great state so that Rebekah calls him Lord ch 24. 18. But Jacob with his staffe in his hand ch 32. 10. V. 12. Dreamed A divine dream See Annot. on ch 15. 1. and on ch 20. 3. Ladder Signifying Christ John 1. 51. In his two natures personally united Heaven and earth are as it were joyned together And by him the only Mediatour is man reconciled to God Colos. 1. 20. by him the Angels for our service and the Holy Ghost and his gifts descend down to us and we and our prayers have accesse and ascend unto God And secondarily hereby is signified the Providence of God in governing the world Psal. 113. 5 6. and particularly his provident care over Jacob in his journey going and returning v. 13 15. and 32. 1 2. And both these specially by the Ministery of Angels Psal. 91. 11 12. Heb. 1. 13 14. earth Denoting Christs humanity and his conversing with men Joh. 16. 28. Heaven Denoting his Deity and Mediation or negotiation for men with God Heb. 8. 1. 9. 24. John 14. 6. ascending Coming and going looking