is King of the whole world hauing in the word Echad many superstitious subtilties that the letter Daleth in regard of his place in the Alphabet signifieth foure and the word Echad contayneth in numerall letters two hundred fortie and fiue whereunto adding three hael elohechem emes God our Lord is true they make vp the number of two hundred fortie and eight and so many members there are in mans bodie for euerie member a prayer secures them all And this verse thrice recited secureth against the ill spirit They esteeme it a holy prayer by which miracles may bee wrought and therefore vse it morning and euening They haue another prayer called Schone esre that is eighteene because it contayneth so many thankesgiuing which they say twice a day and the chiefe chanter of the Synagogue singeth it twice by himselfe They thinke by this prayer to obtaine remission of their sinnes They must pray it standing so that one foot must not stand more on the ground then the other like the Angels And their foote was a right foote When they come to those words in it Holy holy holy Lord God of hosts they leape vp three times aloft And hee say their Chachamim which speaketh a word during this prayer shall haue burning coales giuen him to eate after his death These eighteene thanksgiuings are for the eighteene bones in the chine or back-bone which must in saying hereof be bended After this followeth a prayer against the Iewes reuolted to Christianitie and against all Christians saying These which are blotted out that is reuolters shall haue no more hope and all vnbeleeuers shall perish in the twinkling of an eye and all thine enemies which hate thee O GOD shall be destroyed and the proud and presumptuous Kingdome shall quickly be rooted out broken layd euen with the ground and at last shall vtterly perish and thou shalt make them presently in our dayes obedient to vs Blessed art thou God which breakest and subduest them which are rebellious They call the Turkish Empire the Kingdome of Ismael the Roman Edomiticall proud c. They are themselues indeed exceeding proud impatient and desirous of reuenge The Talmud sayth That the lying spirit in the mouth of Achabs Prophets which perswaded him to goe and fall at Ramoth Gilead was none other but the spirit of Naboth whom hee had before flaine And Victor Carbensis a Christian Iew testifieth That there are not vnder heauen a more quarrelsome people themselues acknowledging the Christians farre meeker then themselues when they haue this Prouerb that the modestie of the Christians the wisedome and industrie of the Heathens and faith of the Iewes are the three pillers which sustaine the world But to returne to their deuotions After those other before mentioned followeth a prayer for the good sort for Proselytes reedifying of the Temple for sending the Messias and restauration of their Kingdome In the end they pray GOD to keepe them in peace and when they come to these words Hee that makes peace aboue shall make peace ouer all Israel Amen they goe backe three paces bow themselues downewards bend their head on the right hand then on the left if some Christian bee there with an Image they must not bow but lift vp their heart This they doe for honours sake not to turne their hinder parts on the Arke and thus they goe like Crabbes out of the Synagogue vsing certaine prayers not running but with a slow pace lest they should seeme glad that their Mattins were done Other their niceties in praying as laying the right hand on the left ouer the heart not spetting nor breaking winde vp or downe not interrupted by a King to cease prayer to shake his bodie this way and that way not to touch his naked bodie and to say Amen with all his heart for they that say Amen are worthie to say it in the world to come And therefore Dauid endeth a Psalme with Amen Amen signifying that one is to bee said heere and the other in the other world also in a plaine eminent place purged from all filth freed from the sight of women his face to the East standing his feet close together fixing his eyes on the ground eleuating the heart to heauen c. I hold it enough thus to mention Their praying to the East must be vnderstood from our Westerne parts because Ierusalem standeth that way for otherwise Rambam sheweth that Abraham prayed in Mount Moriah toward the West and the Sanctum Sanctorum was in the West which place also Abraham set forth and determined And because the Gentiles worshipped the Sunne toward the rising therefore Abraham worshipped Westward and appointed the Sanctuarie so to stand The Talmud saith Praying to the South bringeth wisdome toward the North riches I might heere also adde their Letanie and Commemoration of their Saints almost after the Popish fashion As thus for a taste Wee haue sinned before thee haue mercie on vs O Lord doe it for thy names sake and spare Israel thy people Lord doe it for Abraham thy perfect one and spare Israel thy people Lord doe it for him which was bound in thy porches to wit in Mount Moriah where the Temple was afterward builded and spare Israel thy people Lord doe it for him which was heard in the ladder Iacob from thy high place and spare Israel thy people Lord doe it for the merit of Ioseph thy holy one c. Lord doe it for him which was drawne out of the waters Moses and spare c. Lord doe it for Aaron the Priest with Vrim and Thummim Lord grant it for him that was zealous for thy name Phineas Lord doe it for the sweet Singer Dauid Lord doe it for him which built thine house They name not any but expresse him after this sort And then proceed in like manner with the titles attributes and workes of GOD. Doe it for thy Name Doe it for thy Goodnesse for thy Couenant thy Law thy Glorie c. in seuerall versicles And then to their Saints in a new passage Doe it for Abraham Isaac and Iacob Doe it for Moses and Aaron for Dauid and Salomon as if their combined forces should effect more then single Doe it for Ierusalem the holy Citie for Sion for the destruction of thy house for the poore Israelites for the bare Israelites for the miserable Israelites for the Widdowes and Orphans for the sucking and wained and if not for our sake yet for thine owne sake Then in another forme Thou which hearest the poore heare vs thou which hearest the oppressed heare vs Thou which heardest Abraham c. With renuing a commemoration of their Saints larger then before and after some repeating the diuine titles in another tune they oppose their Saint and wicked ones together as Remember not the lye of Achan but remember Iosua forgiuing him and remember Heli and Samuel and so on in a tedious length CHAP. XVI Of their Ceremonies at home after
on three hills to wit Sion on which the Iebusites built their Tower and which in Dauids time was further builded on and called the Citie of Dauid The second hill was Mount Moriah which Dauid bought of Arauna to erect thereon the Temple The third was the higher Acra called the Suburbe These were compassed with one wall without and within diuided with three walls by which the Citie of Dauid and Moriah and the higher Acra were seuered In the circuit of the walls were nine gates Hee that desireth further to reade or rather to see the old Ierusalem with her holy Fabriques let him resort to Arias Montanus his Antiquitates Iudaicae where he both relateth and in figures presenteth these things It is supposed that Melchisedech built it about the yeere of the World 2023. and called it Salem Hierome in his 129. Epistle hath these words Ipsa Metropolis tua prius Iebus postea Salem tertio Hierosolyma nunc Aelia As if it were called Iebus before it had the name of Salem which is not so probable Yea Ierome himselfe in his 126. Epistle confutes Iosephus and the vulgar opinion that Salem was Ierusalem and sayth that Salem was a Towne neere to Scythopolis which remayned to his time where also were still shewed the ruines of Melchisedeks Palace the monument of her ancient and antiquate splendor The like Saint Ambrose in his Commentarie on Hebr. 7. The Kings thereof were anciently called Melchi-zedek or Adoni-zedek that is Kings or Lords of Iustice or of Zedek which some will haue the first name thereof and Salem the second this signifieth Peace Righteousnesse indeed and peace did here kisse each other when the Lord our righteousnesse here preached peace and was made our peace and righteousnesse the true Melchizedek whose Kingdome is righteousnesse peace and ioy in the holy Ghost It was after called Ierusalem by addition of the word Iereth as some thinke to the former name Salem For so it is said of Abraham when GOD tried his obedience in here offering his sonne hee called the place Iehoua iereh the Lord will prouide from which and Salem by composition ariseth this name so fitting both the Citie and mysterie Iosephus sayth it was first called Solyma and by Melchisedech named Hierosolyma of a Temple by him there built as if 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 had beene the language of Ierusalem elsewhere he attributeth it to Dauid from an Hebrew deriuation which and other like Etimologies haue caused Masius to pronounce him ignorant of the Hebrew and educated onely in the Greeke as Scaliger somewhere affirmeth of Philo his companion in Nation learning and in that Grecian eloquence wherein they neuer had companions neither of their owne nor scarse of any other Nation The Iebusites after possessed and of them some deriue the name Ierusalem quasi Iebussalem till Dauid expelled them who had before raigned in Hebron called Cariatharbe the Citie of foure men say some because of Adam Abraham Isaac and Iacob their both dwelling and buriall there yet Adam others say was buried in mount Caluarie with other speculations curious and vncertaine Hee translated the highest seat both of spirituall and temporall Regiment to Ierusalem where he raigned after three and thirtie yeeres to whom succeeded Salomon and the rest in order It then contayned in circuit fiftie furlongs compassed with a great ditch threescore foot deepe and two hundred and fiftie broad Nabuchodonosor destroyed it Nehemias re-edified it three and thirtie furlongs in circuit The Machabees Herod and others added to her excellence till Titus befieged and tooke it in which siege are said to haue perished eleuen hundred thousand people and being now a Sepulchre of dead carkasses was made a spectacle of diuine vengeance for murthering the Lord of Life But those struggling spirits and small remnants of life which remayned in this forlorne carkasse of the sometime Ierusalem breathed a new rebellion in the time of Adrian and thereby breathed her last as before is said Bernard de Breidenbach sayth he neuer saw any place which had a fairer prospect then Ierusalem presenting to the eye Arabia the Plaine of Iericho and the dead Sea But what doe wee now in Aelia or the now Ierusalem whose rarities the iournals of many testifie Concerning the former The Historie of this Citie the Scripture hath recorded and where Diuine Historie endeth Iosephus and Hegesippus that I speake not of late Writers haue largely supplied especially concerning her latest fates and as I may terme it in her funerall Sermon Strabo Iustine and others haue written of this people but not sincerely But the fountaines are cleere enough to acquaint vs with their true originall which commeth next to bee considered CHAP. II. Of the Hebrew Patriarchs and their Religion before the Law also of their Law and Politie §. I. Of the Patriarchs and Religion before the Law THe name of Hebrewes some deriue from Abraham as if they were called Hebraei quasi Abrahai Arias Montanus telleth vs that this name of Hebrewes was not appropriate to any familie but common to all such as hauing passed ouer the Riuer Euphrates fixed their Tents and abode betweene that Riuer and the great Sea Hee gathereth this from the Hebrew word which signifieth to passe ouer Such an one first of all was Heber seeking a life answerable to his name whose example sayth hee Thare imitated and after Abram for his twofold transmigration from Chaldaea and from Haran deserued that name and left it to his posteritie But Iosephus Augustine and others more fitly in my mind of Heber the fourth from Shem the sonne of Noah with whose familie as wee haue sayd continued the ancient Language of the world called of his name Hebrew his sonne Peleg or Phaleg bearing the name of that diuision which at the time of his birth the rest of the world in their Languages sustained This Peleg was grand-father to Serug whom some affirme to haue beene the first maker of Idols which were afterwards worshipped by Nahor his sonne and Thare his Nephew the father of Abram who preached openly that there was but one God Creator and Gouernour of all things and by this doctrine prouoking the Chaldaeans against him warned by Oracle departed towards Canaan Bellarmine so eagerly swalloweth this opinion that he taxeth Caluine of heresie for attributing to Abraham the contrarie namely that Abraham before GOD called him out of Vr was an Idolater an opinion so much more probable then the other as hauing better authoritie For Ioshua obiecteth to the Israelites their fore-fathers Idolatrie and nameth Abraham amongst them And Genebrard doth so interprete it Masius in his Commentaries on that place both zealous and learned Papists yea Lindanus specifieth the Idolatrie and calleth him a worshipper of Vesta Suidas sayth that Abraham by the obseruation of the Creatures in his studie of Astronomie lifted vp his mind aboue the starres
where on the weeke dayes they cannot haue occasion or company for publique prayers therfore if they read only the Seruice on holy dayes and neuer studie for more which I would it were not the idle practise of some euen the Heathen shall rise vp in iudgement against them I subscribe with hand and practice to our Liturgie but not to such Lethargie whose darkenesse is so much the more intollerable in this Sun-shine of the Gospell wherein wee haue a gracious King so diligent a frequenter of Sermons and Reuerend Bishops notwithstanding other their weighty Ecclesiasticall employments yet diligent Preachers The studious of Geographie may somewhat be helped in that kinde not that we intend an exact Geographie in mentioning euery Citie with the degrees of Longitude and Latitude but yet limiting euery Countrie in his true situation and bounds and performing happily more then some which take vpon them the title of Geographers as their chiefe profession and more then any which I know hath done in our language He which admireth and almost adoreth the Capuchine Iesuite or other Romanists for selfe-inflicted whippings fastings watchings vowes of obedience pouertie and single life and their not sparing their limmes and liues for their will-worships may see in all these the Romanists equalled by Heathens if not out-stripped euen by the reports of the Iesuites and other their Catholiques Bodily exercise profiteth little but Godlinesse is profitable vnto all and hath the promise of this life and that which is to come Here also the Reader may see most of their Popish Rites deriued out of Chaldean Egyptian and other Fountaines of Paganisme as in the later taske we shall haue more occasion to shew Heere euery English man may see cause to praise God continually for the light of his truth communicated to vs whereas it is in comparison but a small part of the World that soundeth the sacred name of Iesus and of those that professe it how infinit are the sects and superstitions God hath shewed his Word vnto our IACOB THE DEFENDER OF HIS FAITH his Statutes and his Iudgements vnto this ISRAEL of Great Brittaine Hee hath not dealt so with euery Nation neither haue the Heathen nor scarcely if scarcely any other Christian Nation so much knowledge of his iudgements And yet how seditious are some how prophane are others how vnthankfull the most That beastly Sinne of Drunkennesse that biting Sinne of Vsurie that Deuillish Sinne of Swaggering ruffling in deformitie of clothes like monstrous Chimaeras and barking out a multiformitie of oathes like hellish Cerberi as if men could not be Gallants vnlesse they turned Deuils These are the paiments wee returne vnto the Lord in stead of prayers for and loyaltie to his Maiestie peaceablenesse and charitie to each others modestie and sobrietie in our selues For the forme I haue sought in some places with varietie of phrase in all with varietie of matter to draw thee along with mee in this tedious Pilgrimage Some names are written diuersly according to the differing Copies which I followed which thy discretion will easily conceiue I doe not in euery question set downe my censure sometimes because it were more then needes sometimes because of the difficultie I mention Authors sometimes of meane quality for the meanest haue sence to obserue that which themselues see more certainly then the contemplations and Theorie of the more learned I would also acknowledge the labour of the meanest I haue laboured to reduce Relations to their first Authors setting their names to their Allegations the want whereof hath much troubled mee whilst the most leaue out their Authors as if their owne assertion were sufficient authoritie in things borrowed I haue to my great paines contracted and Epitomized whole Volumes and some very large into one Chapter a thing vsuall through these Relations Where I haue found plentifull discourse for Religion my chiefe aime I am shorter in other Relations and where I haue had lesse helpes for that discouerie I insist more on the wonders of Nature and discoueries by Sea and Land with other remarkeable accidents These Rarities of Nature I haue sometimes suted in a differing phrase and figure of speech not that I affect a fantasticall singularitie but that these Diuine workes might appeare in Robes if not fitting their Maiestie yet such as our Word-Robe did willingly without any great affectation or studie affoord not without example of the Scripture which vseth to bring in the mute Creatures speaking and performing as it were other personall offices nor without this effect to make the Reader stay a while with obseruation and wonder besides that variety of it selfe is delightsome If any mislike the fulnesse in some places and the barrennesse of words in others let them consider we handle a World where are Mountaines and Vallies fertile habitations and sandy desarts and others steps whom I follow hold me sometimes in a narrower way which elsewhere take more libertie I touch here and there a Controuersie both for illustration of Historie and in season and out of season to shew my affectation to the Truth Now if any man thinke that it were better these rotten bones of the passed and stinking bodies of the Present superstitions were buried then thus raked out of their graues besides that which hath beene said I answere That I haue sufficient example in the Scriptures which were written for our learning to the ends of the World and yet depaint vnto vs the vgly face of Idolatry in so many Countries of the Heathens with the Apostasies Sects and Heresies of the Iewes as in our first and second booke is shewed and the Ancient Fathers also Iustin Tertullian Clemens Irenaeus Origen and more fully Eusebius Epiphanius Philastrius and Augustine haue gone before vs in their large Catalogues of Heresies and false Opinions I appeale vnto any indifferent Reader for some not Readers nor indifferent I respect not whose Authoritie perhaps would be but indifferent if they must first win it by being Authors of so big I dare not say so great volumes if there be any either Idolatries or other impieties in this worke of mâ—ne expressed beyond theirs which heere out of the Scriptures are mentioned Stewes in the Temple humane Sacrifices to Moloch Tamuz his mourning Sodomites Incests with other fleshly worldly beastly Deuillish monstâ—â—s of iniquitie obtruded vnder Religions Sacred Mantle amongst the Amorites Egyptians and Iewes before the comming of Christ or greater darkenesse and more hellish then when the Light it selfe was made manifest and the Darknesse comprehended it not Herods butcheries Iudas his treacherie the blasphemies of the Scribes Priests and Pharises and the crucifying of the Sonne of God by men for men or since if as stinking loathsome monstrous abuses haue 〈◊〉 beene offered to the Christian Name in worse impostures and pollutions by the Nicholaitans and other incarnat Deuils recorded by those Fathers and other Ecclesiasticall Authors then any of those heere in this booke obserued to which if that which
feare loue beleeue and serue him and then GOD will teach the humble his way and They which will doe his will shall know of his doctrine This is our way to eternall life thus to know him and whom he hath sent Iesus Christ if namely we so learne Christ as the Truth is in Iesus if we become fooles that we may be wise and putting off the old man be renued in the spirit of our minds and put on the new man which after GOD is shapen in righteousnesse and true holinesse Otherwise we know nothing as we ought to know otherwise we know nothing more nor so much as the Deuils know The feare of the Lord is the beginning of this wisedome And for this cause hath he called himselfe and proclaimed those his Names IEHOVA Iehoua strong mercifull and gracious slow to anger and abundant in goodnesse and truth c. and the like in other places not that we may know to know a foolish curiositie but that hauing such light we may beleeue and walke in the light that we may be children of the light Iehoua if we may so name it the most essentiall and after the Iewish tradition ineffable name of GOD is not therefore onely reuealed vnto vs that we may know him in himselfe and of himselfe to bee Yesterday to day and the same for euer which is which was which is to come but also as the Creator of whom in whom and for whom are all things and as the Redeemer which is knowne by his Name Iehoua as himselfe interpreteth it by giuing a reall being and accomplishment to his promises In which one name as in others of like signification is expressed the Simplicitie Immutabilitie Infinitenesse Blessednesse Eternitie Life Perfection and other Attributes of GOD. When he calleth himselfe Strong therein is declared his almighty power whether we vnderstand it actually in producing and preseruing all things in Heauen and earth or absolutely whereby he is able to doe euen those things which in his wisedome he doth not whereby he is able to doe all things which either in themselues as implying contradiction or with him as imperfections are not impossible both those kinds not excluding but concluding the power of GOD which because he is Almightie cannot lie or denie himselfe What should I speake of his Wisedome whereby all things are open in his sight both himselfe and his creatures past present or to come and that not as past or future but in one eternall perfect certaine immediate act of knowledge which in regard of second causes are necessary or contingent or in effect but meerely possible and neuer actually subsisting Truth is in him as a roote from whence it is first in the being next in the vnderstanding thirdly in the writing or saying of the creature True he is in himselfe in his workes ordinary and extraordinary and in his Word reuealed by the Prophets and Apostles What should I adde of his goodnesse grace loue Mercie Iustice and other his Attributes and names not yet mentioned as Adonai which signifieth the dominion of GOD due to him by Creation by purchase by mutuall couenant Saddai which signifieth his All-sufficiencie and others Yea in one Chapter Petrus Galatinus rehearseth threescore and twelue names of GOD out of the Rabbines workes multiplyed and diuersified in tenne sorts which make in all seuen hundred and twenty names To dilate of these at large would aske so many large Commentaries and yet euen then should we still find this GOD incomprehensible of whom we may in respect of our capacitie rather say what he is not then what he is whose goodnesse is not to bee distinguished by qualitie or his greatnesse discerned by quantitie or his eternitie measured by time or his presence bounded by place of whom all things are to bee conceiued beyond whatsoeuer we can conceiue The Persons which communicate in this Diuine Nature are three This is their owne witnesse of themselues There are three which beare record in Heauen the Father the Word and the Spirit and these three are one This mystery was manifested in the baptisme of Christ and in our Baptisme in the name of the Father Sonne and Holy Ghost The Angels vnto this glorious Trinitie sing their Holy Holy Holy the Scripture it selfe applying that which there may be interpreted of the Father both to the Sonne Ioh. 12.41 and to the Spirit Act. 28.25 These with other places doe also signifie their personall distinction The Creation was not onely the Fathers worke but also of the other Persons as appeareth by that Nowne plurall ioyned to a Verbe singular in the first word of Moses and other like plurall appellations Es 44.24 and Es 54.5 2. Sam. 7.23 and many such places The Apostles apply the couenant worship and workes of GOD mentioned in the Old Testament To the Sonne and Holy Ghost in the New neither can the one be the Sonne or the other the Spirit of GOD naturally and in proper manner of speech but they must also subsist in the same Nature with the Father which being infinite spirituall immutable can be but one which must wholly or not at all be communicated In a word the equalitie the names the properties the works the worship peculiar to GOD are applyed to the Sonne and Holy Ghost equally with the Father Which they that list may learne in such as especially treat of this subiect where this mysterie of the Trinitie is auerred against all Heretikes Iewes and Infidels Yea by some also out of their owne authentike Authors whether they receiue Scriptures Rabbins Philosophers or any other I intend onely to anoint the doore-posts of this house with this Discourse that I may make a fitter entry thereinto leauing the fuller handling of this mysterie to such as purposely frame their whole Edifice with large Common-places hereof which yet alway must be more certainely receiued by Faith then conceiued by reason according to that of IVSTIN MARTYR Vnitas in Trinitate intelligitur Trinitas in Vnitate noscitur id vero quomodo fiat nec alios scrutari velim nec ipse mihi possum satisfacere Thinke of one a threefold light will dazell thee distinguish into three and an infinite Vnitie will swallow thee Vnus si dici debet Vnissimus saith Bernard Hauing thus with trembling hand written of that dreadfull Mysterie of the Trinitie of which we may say Cum dicitur Non dicitur It is not told with telling nor can be described by description The next to be considered are the Works of GOD which are either inward and immanent or outward and transient The inward are eternall and vnchangeable indeed no other but himselfe although accounted and called workes in regard of their effects in the World and of our conceiuing For all the proprieties of GOD are infinite as they are immanent in himselfe yet in
appointment of the day But why is this day now called the Lords day I answer euen therefore because it is the Lords day not changed by the Churches Constitution Meere as some seeme to hold except by the Churches authority they meane Christ and his Apostles nor descended to vs by Tradition as the Papists maintaine seeing the Scriptures Act. 20.7 1. Cor. 16.21 Apoc. 1.10 mention the name and celebration by the constant practise of the Apostles yea Christ himselfe as he rose on that day so did he vsually appeare on that day to his Apostles before his Ascension Christ therefore and his Apostles are our Authors of this change And the Church euer since hath constantly obserued it The Fathers teach yea the Papists themselues acknowledge this truth So Bellarmine de Cultu Sanct. l. 3. c. 11. saith Ius diuinum requirebat vt vnus dies Hebdomade dicaretur cultus diuino non autem conueniebat vt seruaretur Sabbathum itaque ab Apostolis in diem Dominicum versum est It was in the Primitiue Church called the Lords day the day of Bread and of Light because of the Sacraments of the Supper and Baptisme therein administred called Bread and Light And how it may be ascribed to Tradition Bellarmine the great Patron of Traditions sheweth out of Iustin Martyr who saith Christus haec illis Apostolis Discipulis tradidit Iustin in fine 2. Apolog He there also reporteth That they had their Ecclesiasticall Assemblies euery Lords day The Rhemists which ascribe it to Tradition in Annot. Matth. 15. acknowledge the institution thereof in Annot. 1. Cor. 16.2 Ignatius may be allowed Arbiter in this question of the Sabbath who thus writeth to the Magnesians Non Sabbatisemus Let vs not obserue the Sabbath after the Iewish manner as delighting in ease For he that worketh not let him not eate but let euery one of vs keepe the Sabbath spiritually not eating meat dressed the day before and walking set paces c. But let euery Christian celebrate the Lords day consecrated to the Lords resurrection as the Queene and Princesse of all dayes Now for the particular Commandement which was giuen him as an especiall proofe of his obedience in a thing otherwise not vnlawfull it was the forbidding him to eate of the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge For in the middest of the Garden GOD had planted two Trees which some call Sacraments and were by GODS Ordinance signes vnto him one of life if he obeyed the other of death by disobedience Not as the Iewes thought and Iulian scoffed That the Tree had power to giue sharpenesse of wit And although some thinke signes needlesse to so excellent a creature yet beeing mutable subiect to temptation and each way flexible to vertue or vice according as he vsed his naturall power of free-will I see not why they should deny GOD that libertie to impose or man that necessitie to need such monitories and as it were Sacramentall instructions For what might these Trees haue furthered him in carefulnesse if he had considered life and death not so much in these Trees as in his free-wil and obeying or disobeying his Creator These Trees in regard of their signification and euent are called the Tree of Life and the Tree of Knowledge of good and euill which was not euill or hurtfull in it selfe but was a visible rule whereby good and euill should be knowne and that by reason of the Commandement annexed which he might by this Precept see to be grounded in obeying or disobeying the authority of the Law-giuer An easie rule and yet too easily broken For when as God did hereby challenge his own Soueraignty by imposing so easie a fine which might haue forbidden all but one as contrariwise he allowed and fore-signified the danger that he might continue his goodnesse to man continuing in obedience yet did man herein shew his contempt in reiecting so easie a yoake and so light a burthen I will not reason whether these two Trees may properly be called Sacraments of which say some the one was but for the bodily life and better neuer to haue touched the other this we know that in eating of this he lost both bodily and spirituall life which the name and institution thereof forewarned and should haue preuented otherwise in eating of the other immortalitie had been sealed both in soule and body to him and his for euer Srange it seemeth that he should need no monitorie signes to preuent that which euen with these helps added he did not eschew CHAP. V. Of the Fall of Man and of Originall Sinne HItherto we haue beheld the Creation of the World and of our first Parents the liuely Images of the Creator and the Creature whom we haue somewhat leisurely viewed in a naked Maiesty delighting themselues in the enamelled walkes of their delightfull Garden The Riuers whereof ranne to present their best offices to their new Lords from which they were forced by the backer streames greedy of the sight and place which they could not hold The Trees stouped to behold them offering their shady mantle and varietie of fruits as their naturall tribute each creature in a silent gladnesse reioyced in them and they enioyed all mutuall comforts in the Creator the Creatures and in themselues A blessed Payre who enioyed all they desired whiles their desire was worth the enioying Lords of all and of more then all Content which might in all they saw see their Makers bounty and beyond all they could see might see themselues comprehended where they could not comprehend of that infinite Greatnesse and goodnesse which they could not but loue reuerence admire and adore This was then their Religion to acknowledge with thankefulnesse to be thankefull in obedience to obey with cherefulnesse the Author of all this good to the performance whereof they found no outward no inward impediment Sickenesse Perturbation and Death the deformed issue of Sinne not yet being entered into the World In this plight did Satan that old Serpent see disdaine and enuy them It was not enough for him and the deuillish crue of his damned associates for their late rebellion to be banished Heauen but the inferiour world must be filled with his venome working that malice on the Creatures here which he could not there so easily wrecke on their Creator And because Man was here GODS Deputy and Lieutenant as a petty God on the Earth hee chooseth him as the fittest subiect in whose ruine to despite his Maker To this end he vseth not a Lion-like force which then had been bootlesse but a Serpentine sleight vsing that subtill creature as the meetest instrument to his Labyrinthian proiects Whereas by inward temptation he could not so easily preuaile by insinuating himselfe into their minds he windes himselfe into this winding Beast disposing the Serpents tongue to speake to the Woman the weaker Vessell singled from her husband and by questioning doth first vndermine her The Woman
the Sacrifices of Aaron Gedeon Manoah Dauid Salomon Elias or by some other meanes both comfortable to Abel and enuied of Caine who therefore slew him thus in this member bruising the heele of that blessed seed as a type of that which the Head himselfe should after sustaine Here is the first Apostasie after that first Euangelicall promise and the first diuision of Religion Caine beeing the first builder of the Earthly Citie not that which hee called after the name of his Sonne Henoch but of that spirituall City of the Wicked the seed of the Serpent which he founded in his Brothers bloud euen as that later Compendium thereof which called her selfe Caput mundi the head of the World and indeed the World is vsually in Scripture applyed to that seed of the Serpent as it is opposite to the seed of the Woman was by Romulus her first Founder by like example of Fratricide in the murther of Remus dedicated as it were to the future mysterie of iniquitie the seat of the Beast and of the Whore by whose authoritie Christ himselfe was slaine drunken after with the blood of his Saints and still breathing blood and slaughter to euery Abel that will not communicate in her spirituall whooredomes that will not with her offer the fruits of the ground the Sacrifice of Caine which neither came from heauen nor can guide to Heauen being earthly sensuall deuillish Caine was for this his fact conuented by that All-seeing Iustice who both by open sentence and inward terrors accused and accursed him continuing his life euen for the same cause that other Murtherers loose it that he might liue an example which then in that vnpeopled world by his death he could not haue been to the future generation branded also by the Lord with some sensible marke to exempt him and terrifie others from that bloudy crueltie this mercy being mixed with this iudgement a longer time of repentance GOD before cursed the earth for Adam he now cursed CAINE from the earth to be a runnagate and wanderer thereon For how could he that had so forsaken God but be forsaken of the Earth and of himselfe the stable and mercifull earth which before had opened her mouth to receiue his Brothers bloud shrinking and as it were grudging to support such wicked feet and by denying him her strength forcing him to his manifold shifts and shiftlesse remoouing Wretched man alwayes bleeding his brothers bloud not daring to looke vp to Heauen fearing to looke downe to Hell the World without him threatning a miserable life his Body branded to contempt and shame till his death his soule become a stage of Anguish Feare Horrour and other Furies the Harbingers of Hell not able to suffer which yet he cannot but suffer the guilt of passed wickednesse gnawing him the waight of present misery pressing him the dread of a death and a death attending him restlesse in himselfe hated of the World despairing of reliefe from God a liuely Map of the deadly and damnable state of sinne and sinners without Christ dead whiles they liue moouing sepulchres the Deuils captiues hels heires exiled from heauen and vagabonds on the earth euen on that which they call their owne land Caine more vexed with the punishment then at the fault of his sinne departed from the presence of the Lord which is meant either of his iudiciall conuenting him or in regard of the visible societie of the Church cradled yet in his Fathers houshold where God did especially shew his present prouidence protection and grace who otherwise filleth the Heauen and Earth of whom in whom they are from hence as Adam before out of Paradise so Cain was as it were excommunicated expelled out-lawed and dwelt in the Land of Nod which some take to be appellatiuely spoken as if his miserie had giuen name of Moouing vnto the place where he dwelled or roamed rather Iosephus saith hee built Naida applying it to a proper place which was either Eastward from Eden or Eastward towards Eden from Canaan where Adam is supposed to haue dwelt and after with his Wife to haue beene buried at Hebron Afterward his posteritie beeing multiplied his Wife Epiphanius out of Leptogenesis calleth Shaue Comestor calleth her Chalmana Philo Themech he built a Citie which he called by the name of his sonne Henoch to crosse that curse of his wandering to and fro on the earth or to arme him against others which his guilty conscience caused him to feare or to be a receptacle and store-house of those spoyles which Iosephus saith hee robbed from others by violence when as the earth was barren to him Philo if we may so entitle that Author which hath written of the Antiquities of the Bible ascribeth vnto him other Cities Mauli Leed Tehe Iesca Celet Iebbat adding that hee liued 730. yeeres These things may bee probable although that Author be otherwise fabulous considering that men did ordinarily liue many hundred yeeres in those times and were also exceeding fruitfull especially after that Polygamy was embraced of that Family And if that in Abrahams posterity the seed of Iacob in lesse then three hundred yeares was multiplyed to so great a people it is like that the Cainites were no lesse populous liuing in more freedome Hee first saith Iosephus found out weights and measures and assigned proprieties in possessions of Land before common as the ayre and light and was Author to lewd persons of a lewd and vngodly life Probable it is that the Citie was called Henoch because the Curse suffered not the father to stay in a place but to leaue a hasty inheritance to his Son to finish and rule it Iabal and Iubal and Tubalcain were inuenters of Arts the first to dwell in Tents and keepe Cattell the second of Musicall instruments the third of working in Mettals and making of Armour which some thinke to be Vulcan by the neerenesse of name and occupation His Sister Naamah is accounted by some Rabbines the first inuenter of making Linnen and Woollen and of vocall Musique yea they make her the wife of Noah also Thus let vs leaue this Family multiplying in numbers in Sciences in wickednesse sauouring nothing diuine or at least nothing but humane in their Diuinitie therefore called the sonnes of men and let vs looke backe to Adam who in this wicked fruit of his body might read continual Lectures of repentance for the sinne of his soule Adam begat a child in his own likenesse that is not in that likenesse of God wherein he was created but like vnto himselfe both in humane nature natural corruption his name he called Seth of whose posteritie the whole world was by Noah re-peopled Vnto Seth was born Enosh Then began men saith MOSES to call vpon the name of the Lord This some interpret of the beginning of Idolatry that men began to profane the name of the Lord
some to call the name of the Lord that is after Rabbi Salomo to apply the name of God to Images Stars and Men But the more likely opinion is that when Adam had obtained a more holy posteritie which was now multiplyed in diuers families Religion which before had been a priuate In-mate in Adams houshold was now brought into publike exercise whereof Prayer hath alwaies been accounted a principall part and God himselfe in both Testaments calleth his house a house of Prayer the calues of the lips and the ejaculations of the heart being the body and soule of Diuine worship whereof Sacrifices were in a manner but the apparel fashioned to that infancy of the Church Of the names of the posteritie of Adam and his hundred yeeres mourning for Abel of Seth his remoouing after Adams death to a mountaine neere Paradise and such other things more sauouring of fabulous vanity in the false-named Methodius Philo and others that follow them I list not to write And wel might Genebrard haue spared his paines in searching for the antiquitie of Popery in this first Age of the World Easily may we grant a Church then truely Catholike in the Posteritie of Seth instructed partly by Reuelations partly by Traditions concerning the Creation the fall the good and euill Angels the promised Seed the Vnitie and Trinitie punishments and repentance for sinne publike and priuate Deuotions and other like Articles gathered out of Moses but for the Rabble of Rabbinicall Dreames which hee addeth herevnto we had need of the implicite faith of some simple credulous Catholike to receiue them as namely Purgatory resembled in the fiery Sword at the entrance of Paradise Free-will grounded on that which GOD speaketh to CAINE Thou shalt rule ouer him the prerogatiue of the elder Brother ouer the yonger falsly applyed to the rule of the minde ouer sinfull lusts the choice of meates in the first Fathers abstinence from flesh fish and wine as hee saith which had not beene permitted to them as it is to vs Traditions when as yet they had no Scripture Superstitious Obsequies to the dead because the Iewes in their office for the dead call vpon the Fathers which lye buried at Hebron namely Adam Eue and the rest to open the gates of Paradise Deuotion to Saints because the Cherubins were set betweene Paradise and Sinners as if their Saints were honoured to keepe them out of Heauen and not the bloudie Sacrifices onely in Abels offering but that vnbloudie Sacrifice so they stile their Masse in the offering of Caine wee enuie them not their Founder yea he finds their Sacrifice of Orders in Gods executing the Priestly function of Matrimony in Adam and Eue of Baptisme in the Breeches which they ware of Penance because GOD said Thou art dust and to dust thou shalt returne of Confirmation in those words Shee shall breake thy head the Truth will breake their heads for so reading it of Vnction in that Seth went to the Cherub which kept Paradise and receiued of him three graines of the Tree of Life whereof we reade in the Apocalyps the leaues shall heale the Nations with those graines was an Oyle made wherewith Adam was anoyed and the stones put into his mouth whence sprang the Tree whereof the Crosse of our Lord was made hidden by Salomon in the Temple and after in the Poole of Bethesda Spectatum admissi risum teneatis amici Did not Genebrard deserue an Archbishopicke or if the obseruation be his did not Petrus Victor Palma which set him forth with such Comments deserue the Palme and Victory for Peters pretended Successors which could find such antiquitie for proofe of their Catholicisme Much good may it doe their Catholike mawes with such Dainties Iust art thou O Lord and iust are thy iudgements which because they will not beleeue thy Truth giuest them ouer to such strong delusions to beleeue so grosse and palpable Lyes CHAP. VII Of the cause and comming of the Floud THus wee haue seene in part the fulfilling of the Prophesie of the Seed of the Woman and of that other of the Serpent in the Posteritie of Caine and Seth. The Family of Caine is first reckoned and their forwardnesse in humane Arts as the children of this World are wiser in their generation in the things of this life which they almost onely attend then the children of light As for the Iewish Dreames that Lamech was blind and by the direction of Tubalcaine his sonne guiding his hand slew Caine supposing it had beene a wilde beast which when he knew so inraged him that he killed his sonne also they that list may follow Moses reckoneth the Generations according to the first-borne in the Posteritie of Seth as enioying the Principalitie and Priest-hood that so the promised Seed of the Woman after such a World of yeares comming into the World might iustifie the stablenesse of GODS promises his Lineall Descent from Adam with a due Chronologie beeing declared After Seth Enosh Kenan Mehalaleel Iared was Henoch the seuenth from ADAM who walked with God whom God tooke away that he should not see death This before the Law and Helias in the Law are Witnesses of the Resurrection being miraculously taken from the Earth into Heauen not by death but by supernaturall changing of their bodies That hee should bee still in an Earthly Paradise and that hee and Elias should come and preach against Antichrist and of him be slaine is a Popish Dreame the Scripture saying that HENOCH was taken away that he should not see death of Elias that he is alreadie come in the person of Iohn Baptist the Spirit and power or spirituall power of walking with GOD reforming Religion and conuerting soules beeing communicated to many of those Ministers which haue lien slaine in the streets of that great Citie This his Assumption is supposed to be visibly done Hee was a Prophet and Iude doth in his Epistle cite a testimonie of his which eyther by Tradition went from hand to hand as it seemeth the whole Word of GOD was deliuered before the dayes of Moses GOD by Visions and Dreames appearing vnto the Patriarkes or else it was written and since is lost Some hold it was penned by some Iew vnder the name of Enoch Augustine thinketh that the Booke entituled Enoch was forged in his name as other Writings vnder the names of Prophets and Apostles and therefore calleth it Apocrypha as Hierome doth also Chrysostome and Theophilact account Moses the first Pen-man of Holy Scripture Although it seemes that Letters were in vse before the floud if Iosephus his testimonie be true who affirmeth that Adam hauing prohpecied two vniuersall destructions one by fire another by water his Posteritie erected two Pillars one of bricke another of stone in both which they writ their inuentions of Astronomie that of stone was reported to remaine in his time Some ascribe this to Seth as
manner of sitting is crowned on their Temples with garlands their retiring places distinguished with cords by which the stranger may haue accesse to which of them hee liketh best And thus doe these Votaries of Venus sit holding it religion to bee irreligious none of them euer returning home till some guest haue cast money into her lap whom it is not lawfull for her to refuse but to accept of him and his price whatsoeuer he be and follow him aside from the Temple where hee defileth her At the giuing of the money hee vseth these words Tanti tibi deam Mylittam imploro that is at this price or for so much I implore vnto thee the goddesse Mylitta so the Assyrians call Venus and this money is consecrated to a sacred vse After this with the goddesse good leaue shee may returne home although for no great price againe saith our Author to be hired By this meanes the fairest are quickly dispatched the rest endure a restlesse and irkesome penance sometime a yeere two or three before they can be discharged of their honestie and the law together and hence might arise that former ambitious vpbraiding in Baruch Among their many Idols Bel bare the bell not here alone but in all the countries of Assyria and adioyning thereto as appeareth in the Historie of the Bible where Bel or Baal is so often mentioned as the Idoll of so many Nations and the sinne of the apostaticall Synagogue They built vnto him high places or else in stead thereof vsed the roofes of their houses to his worship they built him houses they made him Images erected Altars planted Groues bended to him the knee and kissed him in token of subiection vsed perfume and incense obserued to him holy dayes cut and lanced themselues in his seruice with other extaticall furies and religious frensies with ornaments of gold and iewels inuocations and immolations yea of their owne children he had also his peculiar prophets and priests These and such like doth the Scripture mention of this Babylonian Idoll whose contagion infected the East with a Catholike Idolatrie that could plead Antiquitie Vniuersalitie and Consent by euidence of Scripture-historie which later Babylon cannot doe and yet was but Catholike and generall errour Bel was sayth Plinie Inuentor sideralis scientiae the inuentor of Astrologie which Heurnius addeth hee defiled with impure Magicke as did his daughter Semiramis who warred vpon Zoroaster in enuie of his greater learning Bels magicke appeared in his sepulchre which Xerxes opening found a vessell of glasse and therein a carkasse swimming in oyle which reached not to the brim by a hand-breadth In a little pillar iust by was engrauen that he should dearely repent it which opening the sepulchre did not fill vp the vessell this Xerxes assayed to doe in vaine and therefore departed very heauie finding in his Grecian Expedition the truth of Bels prophecie The like is said to happen when Darius in hope of treasure opened the sepulchre of Semiramis hee found a chist which being opened a venimous pestilence issued that consumed the third part of men Ribera affirmeth that diuers later Authors and before them Theodoret doe esteeme the name Bel or Baal to be a generall name agreeing to all the gods of the Gentiles according to the signification of the word to wit a Lord It was a name generall to their Idols when it was put alone but particular with some addition as Bel-zebub Baal-zephon There were so many Baals in Syria sayth Drusius as there were Regions and almost as many as Cities The Moabites had their Chamos the Ammonites Moloch the Sydonians Astarte in Gaza Maruan in Hamath Asima c. all called Baal in like sort as the Europaeans varied the names of Iupiter as Iupiter Capitolinus Iupiter Ammon Stygius Olympius and the rest many gods and many lords sayth Saint Paul yet in the Easterne Dialect wee may reade many Baalim and in the Westerne many Ioues the Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and the Latine Iouis the ancient nominatiue Iouis pater Iouispiter and by contraction Iupiter not as Tully Lactantius and others quasi iuuans pater being all deriued that wee may note this by the way of that ineffable name which wee pronounce Iehoua And had they not intended the true God when they vsed Baal or Ioue absolutely without addition neither had the Lord prohibited thou shalt call mee no more Baali that is my Lord nor Paul applied that speech of Aratus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Wee are his generation hauing foure verses before begunne his booke with 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 vnto the true GOD. Seruius is Author that Belus the father of Dido descended of that ancient BELVS the first King of the Assyrians which people worshipped Saturne and Iuno which were after worshipped in Africa whereupon the Punikes called GOD Bal from whence came those names Hannibal Adherbal and such like whom the Assyrians in some respect call Bel and Saturne and the Sunne This opinion that in Bel they worshipped the Sunne is followed by Tremellius and Iunius in their notes on Esaias Chap. 46.1 because the Assyrians Persians and Babylonians accounted the Sunne the greatest God and worshipped the Fire as a particle thereof To him the Iewes with this borrowed forreine Idolatrie dedicated Horses and Chariots which Iosias abolished together with the Altars on the roofe of Ahas his house the high places where their god might see their deuotions Hierom on that place of Esay sayth that Bel was Saturn which Suidas confirmeth Augustine relateth the vsuall opinion on those words Iud. 2. They serued Baal and Astaroth that Baal in those parts was the name of Iupiter and Astarte of Iuno and produceth the Punicke language in which Baalsamen signifieth the Lord of Heauen and for Astaroth which he readeth Astartibus he sayth it is in the plurall number in regard of the multitude of Iunoes Images each bearing the name of Iuno This also is exemplified in the blessed Virgin by Ribera sometime called our Ladie of Loretto sometime our Ladie of Monteferato c. according to the diuersitie of places wherein they worship not Marie the Virgin but their owne Idols the daughters of their whorish mother Babylon For the Tyrians Sydonians Philistims and other Syrian and Assyrian Nations the Scripture brandeth them with this Bel or Baal-Idolatrie in hatred of which name the Iewes called the Prince of Deuils as the Acaronites did their principall Idols by the name of Beelzebub Thus the Greekes and Latines hath confounded the Assyrian and Tyrian Bel which by Iosephus Scaliger who not vnworthily is called the Dictator of knowledge and great Prince of learnings state are distinguished and made two the one sayth he is written 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and the later 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and reproued Hierome for making Belus the father of Ninus and the Virgilian Belus to be one But in his notes on the fragments
due place The Turkes displaced those Saracens the Christians of the West by warre made those parts Christian but were expelled againe by the Turkes and they by the Tartars The Mamaluke slaues and their Aegyptian Soldan after held the Syrian Dominion vntill Selim the great Turke subdued it to the Ottoman Empire vnder which it still groneth Of these things this our History will acquaint you in the proper reports of these Nations Aleppo is now chiefe Citie of Syria but Damascus both in elder and later times hath born the greatest name being the head of Aram as Esay affirmeth called of Iulian the Citie of Iupiter and eye of the whole East Holy and Great called also the Trophee of Iupiter because he there had conquered the Titans It is interpreted drinking bloud by Hierom who telleth from the Hebrewes tradition that in this field Kain slew his brother Chytreus expoundeth it saccus sanguinis Wolphius deriueth it of two words signifying bloud and to spoyle which in the times of Hazael and Benhadad and of Resin it performed but neuer so much as when the Saracens made it the sinke of bloud and spoyle which they executed on the Christians and Noradine Saladine and the Turkes fitting themselues and this Citie to the name before the Aegyptian Sultans and Ottoman Turkes were Lords of it Stephanus ascribeth the name to one Ascus a Giant which cast Dionysius there into the Riuer Or because Damascus the sonne of Mercury comming hither out of Arcadia built it or because Dionysius there fleid off the skin of Damascus which had cut vp his Vines The Turkes now call it Leunclauius and Chytreus testifie Scham and so is the whole Region called in the Arabian Chronicle whose extract you may find in our Saracenicall history The Armies of Dauid Ahab Teglath Phalasar preuayled much against it The Babylonians subuerted it After that the Ptolomeys repayred it Pompei wanne it Paul hallowed it The Saracens as is sayd polluted it The Christians in vaine besieged it in the yeere one thousand one hundred forty and seuen r Haalon the Tartar one thousand two hundred threescore and two obtayned it and about one thousand foure hundred Tamerlane besieged it and as he had done at Aleppo filling the ditch with the bodies of captiues and slain carkasses cast wood and earth vpon them and at last forced it and the Castle Hee spared the Citie for the Temples sake which had fortie Porches in the circuite and within nine thousand Lampes of Gold and Siluer But the Aegyptians by a wile possessing it he againe engirt it and recouered it Hee commanded Mahomet the Pope or Chalife and his priests which came to meete him to repayre to the Temple which they did with thirteene thousand Citizens where he burnt them all and for monument of his victory left three Towers erected of skuls of dead men The Aegyptians regained and held it till Selim the Turke dispossessed them 1517. Now in thus many alterations of State who doubteth of diuersity in Religions in Syria First the true Religion in the times of Noah and the first Patriarkes Next those superstitions of Rimmon and the rest before related in the Assyrian Babylonian Persian Macedonian and Roman gouernments After which long night the Sunne of Righteousnesse shone vnto the Syrians and made a more absolute Conquest then all the former not by Legions and Armies but by a handfull of Fishermen manifesting his Power in their weakenesse the Reason of Men and Malice of Deuils not being able to withstand their Euangelicall weapons which s were mighty through GOD to cast downe holdes and bring into captiuity euery thought to the obedience of CHRIST insomuch that hence the t Christian World receyued first that name And how sweet would thy name remaine O Syrian Antiochia euen now in thy latest fates which first was christned with the name Christian haddest thou not out-liued thy Christianity or rather after the soule departed remained the carkasse of thy selfe which ceasing to be Christian hast long since ceased to bee had not the Diuine hand reserued a few bones of thy carkasse to testifie this his iustice to the world And what harmonie could haue beene more gratefull to the Gentiles eares then thy memorie Damascus where the Doctor of the Gentiles was first taught himselfe and made a Teacher of others But in thee was the Chayre of Pestilence the Throne of Sathan the sincke of Mahumetan impietie to the rest of the world infecting with thy contagion and subduing with thy force more Nations then euer Paul by preaching conuerted Syria first in the first and principall Priuiledges of Mankind embracing in her rich armes if some bee right Surueiours the promised Possession the Seale of a further and better inheritance was with the first subdued to Saracene seruitude vnder their Caliph vnder the Turkes vnder the Christians from the West vnder the Tartars from the East vnder the Mamalukes from the South and from the North the Ottoman by new successions and vicissitudes of miseries and mischiefes become a common Stage of bloud and slaughter And in all these later changes of State and chaunces of Warre Religion was the life that quickned those deathes and whetted those murdering swords no crueltie or sacriledge against GOD or man so irreligious and inhumane but Religion was pretended to be the cause and bare the Standard to destruction a new Religion alway erected with a new Conqueror For the Readers delight wee haue here added out of Hondius which hee had contracted out of Ortelius the Map of Pauls Peregrination for the plantation of the Gospell PEREGRINATIO PAULI In qua omnia loca quorum fit mentis in actis et epistolis Apostolorum et Apocalypsi describuntur CHAP. XVII Of Phoenicia and of the Theologie and Religion of the ancient Phoenicians of their Arts and Inuentions PHoenicia is the Sea coast of Syria after Plinie or that coast or tract bordering on the Sea from Orthosa now Tortosa to Pelusium This Sea coast saith Andreas Masius was of the Greekes called Phoenicia and of the Hebrewes peculiarly stiled Chanaan and the Inhabitants Chananites So the Spies tell Moses the Chanaanites dwell by the Sea The woman in the Gospell which Matthew calleth a Canaanite is by Marke named a Syrophoenicean and the Septuagint in this place for the Kings of Chanaan read the Kings of Phoenicea And in the Scripture it is appellatiuely vsed for a Merchant because the Phoenicians or Chanaanites were famous for Merchandize as appeareth both by diuine and prophane testimonie Most properly the Northerly part is Chanaan Phoenicia the Southern Palestina although it is sometime extended as wee haue said euen to Egypt Dionysius which maketh the Phoenicians the first Mariners Merchants and Astronomers placeth Gaza and Ioppe in Phoenicia Sachoniatho a Phoenician supposed to haue liued before the Troian warre wrote in his owne language the History of his Nation which Philo Biblius
translated into Greeke This Philo in the beginning of his worke sayth That his Author Sachoniatho as he was generally learned so especially he searched out those things which Taantus called of the Aegyptians Thoyth of the Greekes Mercurie the first Inuenter of letters had written hee also blamed those that by Allegories and Tropologies peruert and obscure the Historie of their gods affirming plainely That the ancient Phoenicians Aegyptians and others adored those men for gods that had beene the Authors of good things to men applying to them also the names of those Naturall gods the Sunne Moone c. so making some gods mortall some immortall According to this Taautus therefore the first beginnings of all things were a darke disordered Chaos and the spirit of the darke ayre Hence proceeded Moth which we may interprete Mire from whence issued the seedes and generation of all creatures in the Earth and Heauen the plants first and from them the reasonable Creatures called Thophasunin that is the beholders of Heauen formed in the shape of an Eggs From Moth also came the Sunne Moone and Starres The Sunne by his heate separating these new-formed Creatures their conflict in the ayre produced Thunder which noyse awaked and caused to leape out of their earth this slimie generation after of the Winde Colpia and Baau which signifieth Night were borne men named Age and First-borne Age taught men to liue of the fruites of trees of these came Kind and Generation who being troubled with heate lifted vp their hands to the Sunne which they tooke for a god calling him Beelsamen which signifieth the Lord of Heauen whom the Greekes cal Iupiter Kind begate Light Flame Fire S This last by rubbing of stickes together found out fire From these descended in succeeding generations those Giants that left their names to the hils where they dwelt Cassius and Libanus that contended against their brother Vson who first aduentured the sea in the bodies of trees burned in which manner the Indians euen yet make their canoas or boats and he erected two Statues to the Wind and the Fire whom hee adored with the bloud of beasts These first men after their death had Statues consecrated to them by posteritie and yeerly solemnities To these succeeded others Hunter and Fisher which had two Sonnes one of which was named Chusor a great Magician From these descended Amynus and Magus Authors of Sheepe-cotes and flockes or heards of Cattell These were the Titans Inuenters of Arts hunting fishing building yron-works tents and such like To Misor one of these was borne Taautus first Author of Letters At that time was borne Elius and Beruth his wife which dwelt in Biblos the Parents of Caelus and Terra his wife and sister who deified with rites and ceremonies their father Elius being torne of wilde beasts To these were borne Saturne Baetilus Dagon and Atlas But Calus taking other wiues there arose a great quarrell betwixt him and his former ayded herein by her sonnes of whom Saturne the eldest created Mercurie his Scribe by whose Magicall Arts and by those weapons first by him and Minerua the daughter of Saturne deuised Caelus was ouerthrowne who after two and thirty yeeres warre betwixt them was taken by his sonne and depriued of his genitories Saturne had issue besides his daughters Minerua and Proserpina Amor Cupido Saturne Iupiter Belus and Apollo of his Sisters Astarte Rhaea Dione Then also were borne Typho Nereus Pontus the Father of Neptune Saturne suspecting his brother Atlas buried him in the ground and cast vp an high hill ouer him where not long after was a Temple erected to him Dagon was inuenter of Tillage and therefore called Iupiter of the Plough But Saturne becomming a great Conquerour bestowed Egypt on Taautus or Mercurie who first made a mysterie of their Theologie as the Sonne of one Thalon the Phoenician Priest first did among the Phoenicians applying allegoricall interpretations thereof to Nature and instituting Rites to posterity This allegoricall Theologie of Taantus was interpreted by Surmobolus and Thurro It followeth in the History That it was then a custome in great calamities for the Prince to appease the angry Daemon with his best beloued sonne and thus in the time of a perillous warre was Leüd the Sonne of Saturne by a Nymph named Anobreth cloathed in royall apparrell offered on an Altar erected for that purpose This was practised long after by the King of Moab who being besieged by three Kings of Israel Iuda and Idumaea sacrificed his eldest sonne which yet some interprete of the eldest sonne of the King of Idumaea Taautus ascribed Diuinitie to the Serpent as being of a most fierie and spirituall nature mouing it selfe swiftly and in many formes without helpe of feet and a creature which renueth her age The Phoenicians and Aegyptians followed him herein they calling it a happy Spirit of God these Eneth and framed thereto the head of a Hawke of which in his place wee haue spoken And thus farre haue wee beene indebted to Eusebius In the time of those warres betwixt Saturne and Caelus was borne Hercules to whom was a Temple of great Antiquity at Tyre To Hercules were also celebrated games at Tyrus euery fiue yeeres to which Iason sent three hundred drams for a sacrifice m Hiram in Solomons time pulled downe the old Temples of Hercules and Astarte and built new He first erected a statue to Hercules and in the temple of Iupiter consecrated a golden Pillar The Sydonians also worshipped Astarte in a stately and ancient Temple to her builded whom some interprete Luna some Venus and one of her Priests to Lucian Europa She was worshipped of the Punickes a Phoenician colony by that name of Iuno But Philo Bybliensis saith it was Venus which may bee all one for Herodotus saith Vrania which was also Iuno was Venus and Luna also after Lucian And so it appeareth by her hornie head wherewith Philo saith shee was painted the Arabians called her Alilat the Chaldaeans Militta The same is called also Beltis or Baaltis and Belisama in an old Inscription that is Iuno Olympia or Queene of Heauen Shee ware on her head in stead of a Crowne a Bulles-head whereby what else could be meant but the Moone Queene of the night as the Sunne Baalsamen is King of Heauen or Lord of the day But the manifold names giuen to the same Deities brought in confusion and a numberlesse Polytheisme nor can wee well distinguish betwixt Minerua Iuno Venus Luna and other names of their mystie mysteries Shee is called also Astroarche Iuno Lucina Ilithyia which hath her mid-wife-mysteries borrowed together with the name from the Iewish Lilith of which we shall after speake as the name Alilat also is The Syrian goddesse before related and the Persian Mithra which some deriue of Mader that is in the Persian also a mother is no other but this Astarte Vrania or as Tertullian cals her Coelestis or what other
to the former report beares nothing on the top no not the weight of a feather The water is blackish and at sometimos presents terrible shapes perhaps of bituminous matter congealed There growes neither bush nor tree neere to Sodome by many miles and in his Iourney thither they passed such sands that their Mulets could not beare them and lighting they waded therein sometimes to the middle and sometimes ouer head and eares the Arabs also at the same time molesting them with arrowes shot from places of more secure footing Idumaea lieth Southward from Iudaea it had name of Edom the sir-name of Esau sonne of Isaak The historie of this people and the Horites whom the children of Esau expelled succeeding in their inheritance is related by Moses It was subdued by Dauid according to the prophecie The elder shall serue the younger They rebelled vnder Ioram the sonne of Iehosaphat as Isaak had also prophesied From that time they continued bitter enemies to the people of GOD till Hircanus the sonne of Simon compelled them to accept both the Iewish Dominion and Religion after which they were reckoned amongst the Iewes Of the Idumaeans were the Amalekites destroyed by Saul They were South from Iuda Eliphaz the Themanite it seemeth was of Esau his generation and of the right Religion The Idumaeans Moabites and Ammonites are by some placed in Arabia of which I will not contend I here mention them as both borderers and subiects to the Israelites of which wee reade much in the Scripture little else-where that maketh to our purpose South from Amalek was Kedar a Countrey abounding with flockes of Sheepe and Goates But I may not now dwell in the Tents of Kedar till I come to the Ismaelites On the East-side of the Lake of Sodome is that Region which the Moabites so often in Scripture mentioned sometimes inhabited and before them the Emims which were Giants tall as the Anakims Deut. 2.10 The Moabites were the posteritie of Lot by incest with his daughter Moab had on the East the Mountaines of Horeb on the West the salt Sea and part of Iordan Arnon on the South and the North border stretched from Iabbok to the Mountaines of Pisga That part of their Countrey betweene Iabbok and Arnon Sihon King of the Amorites had taken from them and lost againe to the Israelites Balac their King fearing to lose the rest sent for Balaam the Wizard to curse the Israelites who yet by Diuine power was forced to blesse them Yet the lustre of Balacs promises so dazeled his eyes that hee taught Balac to put a stumbling blocke before the Israelites and by sending amongst them their women to draw them to carnall and spirituall whoredome so to prouoke the wrath of GODS iealousie against them But the zeale of Phineas stayed it and Balaam in his returne homeward to his Countrey of Mesopotamia was slaine by the Israelites among the Madianites partakers with the Moabites in Balaams idolatrous proiect These Madianites descended of Abraham by Keturah and dwelt in a part of Arabia neere to the Moabites on the East Some of them dwelt neere to Mount Sinai Exod. 2.15 and in the Desart on the East side of the Red Sea Their mightie Armie was miraculously destroyed by the Sword of the LORD and Gedeon The Moabites were subiected to Israel by Dauid and so continued to the Kings of Samaria till that State being rent they freed themselues It seemeth they worshipped the Sunne as the names Kirchereseth Beth-Baalmeon and Balacs high places doe shew and wee haue obserued before in the worship of Bel and Baal Chemosh was another Idoll of theirs to which Salomon built an high place Pehor also and Baal-pehor and the rest whose Rites are now rotten and the memorie worne out This his name it seemes was borrowed of the hill Peor mentioned by Moses Where it is likely he had his Altars and Temple Origen saith the name Baal-peor signifieth filthinesse but what filthinesse hee knew not Salomon Iarchi writeth that they offered to him ordure placing before his mouth the likenesse of that place which Nature hath made for egestion Saint Ierome thought him to bee the same with Priapus and worshipped of the women ob Obscoeni magnitudinem And so Isidore Moses mentions Beth-peor whereby it appeares hee had a Temple Dauid ascribeth to his worship the eating of the sacrifices of the dead such it is like as the Heathen offered in memorie of the dead But some ascribe these conceits of dung-offerings to Iewish malice and agree not to that Priapeian coniecture In their Rebellion against Iehoram King of Israel hee and Iehoshaphat King of Iuda with the King or Vice-roy of Idumaea went to recouer them by force The Moabite in despaire offered a bloudie Sacrifice of his eldest sonne and heire or as Tremellius readeth it The King of Edoms sonne which caused the Israelites to returne The Ammonites and Moabites might not enter into the Congregation of GOD vnto the tenth Generation because they met not the Israelites with the bread and water in their way when they came out of Aegypt and for hiring Balaam against them Arias Montanus saith That the Moabites were circumcised in imitation of the Israelites but worshipped not their God but their owne Idols The Ammonites their brethren in the euill both of Lot their father and their owne inhabited Northward from Moab on the East were the hills Acrabim on the West the Amorite the hills Luith Basan c. made it a valley Their chiefe Citie was Rabbath after called Philadelphia These Ammonites had beene troublesome to the Israelites in the times of Iephte and of Saul And after Dauid in iust reuenge for violating the Law of Nations destroyed them Moloch or Melchon was their Idoll which is supposed to be Saturne whose bloudie butcherly sacrifices are before spoken of The word signifieth a King as Mithra signifies a Lord and it is like that these Easterne Nations intended as the Phoenicians also in their Adad that One and Great GOD Rex deorum although as to the King of visible creatures these mysteries were applied to the Sunne likewise Certaine it is that these Moloch-sacrifices passed hence into Afrike as there shall bee obserued It was a hollow Image saith Lyra of Copper in forme of a man In the hollow concauitie was made a fire with which the Idoll being heated they put a child into his armes and the Priests made such a noise with their Timbrels that the cries of the child might not moue the parents to compassion but they should rather thinke the childs soule receiued of the god into rest and peace others adde That this Moloch had seuen Roomes Chambers or Ambries therein one for Meale a second for Turtles a third for Sheepe the fourth receiued a Ramme the fift a Calfe the sixt an Oxe if a man would offer sonne or daughter the seuenth was readie for
Salomon made two doores in the Temple one for mourners and excommunicates the other for the newly married At this if any entred the Israelites which came on the Sabbaths and sate betwixt those doores said He whose name dwelleth in this house glad thee with children If any entred at the other doore with his vpper lippe couered they knew that he was a mourner and said He which dwelleth in this house reioyce and comfort thee If his lippe were not couered they knew that hee was Menudde Excommunicate and said He which dwelleth in this house put into thy heart to heare the words of thy fellowes c. When the Temple was destroyed they decreed that the Bridegroomes and Mourners should enter the Synagogue and the men which saw them reioyced with the one and sate on the ground with the other If they did not amend they were excommunicated with a greater curse or Anathema And if they persisted obstinate they did Samatize them The word Anathema is sometimes taken generally but heere for a particular kinde Maran-atha signifieth The Lord commeth and so doth Sem-atha For by Sem and more emphatically Hassem they vsed to signifie the name meaning that Tetragrammaton and ineffable name of God now commonly pronounced Iehouah It may also be compounded of Sama after the Chaldee forme or of Sam and mitha which signifieth There is death Some Authors ascribe this to the institution of Henoch which they gather out of Iudg. 14. CHAP. III. Of the Religious places of the Israelites their Tabernacle Temples Synagogues IN the discouery of their antient Religion it seemeth fittest to discourse first of Places secondly of Times Thirdly of Rites Fourthly of Persons consecrated to Religion And first of the first Neither were the first men nor first Hebrews very Religious in this point of dedicating Places to Religion as appeareth in Histories both holy and Prophane And if for some vision made vnto them in some places they did for a time hallow the same with Altars and Sacrifices yet neither were they alway or only thus esteemed But Hee Whose is the Earth and all that therein is did by his Law appoint as it were a place of his residence amongst these whom he had chosen for his owne people And commanded them to erect a Tabernacle in the wildernesse fitting that their peregrination Afterward Salomon built him an house in Ierusalem which therefore is called the holy Citie and the Citie of the great King The TABERNACLE a moueable Temple that might be taken asunder and ioyned together againe was by Gods commandement erected in the wildernesse in the same manner and of the same matter which God had both commanded and shewed to Moses in the Mount the matter and forme whereof with all that thereunto appertained the Arke the Candlesticke the Altar c. In the booke of Exodus are liuely declared It was after as we reade in the booke of Ioshua with great solemnitie carried miraculously thorow Iordan by the Leuites deputed to that seruice And after their conquest of the Countrey placed in Shilo a Citie of Ephraim There did Ioshua diuide the Land to her new Conquerors there were their solemne Assemblies for State and religion In the time of Heli they remoued the Arke from the Tabernacle into the Armie which they had gathered against the Philistims of whom the Arke was taken The Tabernacle in the time of Saul was carried to Nob and in the time of Dauid to Gibeon where Salomon offered a thousand burnt offerings The Philistims forced by Diuine iudgements sent backe the Arke receiued by the Bethsamites curious to their cost It was after placed in Kiriath-Iarim in the house of Aminadab next of Obed-Edom and then by Dauid in the place which hee had fitted for the same in Ierusalem Whence it was remoued into the Temple which Salomon had built where it was till the time of the deportation in which time it was saith the Author of the second booke of the Maccabees hiddne by Ieremia the Prophet But that Author is beholden to the Councell of Trent for his credit the Iewes themselues in that point not beleeuing him who affirme that the second Temple came short of the former by the want of the fire from Heauen of the Arke of the Vrim and Thummim of the succession of Prophets and the glory of God betweene the Cherubims The TEMPLE was built on Mount Moriah by Salomon according to the patterne which he had receiued of Dauid to which worke he had gathered a greater masse of wealth then easily we shall reade of in the Persian Greeke Romane or any other Christian Turkish or Heathen Empire namely one hundred thousand Talents of Gold ten hundred thousand talents of siluer and afterward three thousand Talents of Gold and seuen thousand Talents of Siluer to which was added by the offerings of the Princes ten thousand talents of siluer and more then fiue thousand talents of Gold besides Iewels and brasse and iron without weight with Cedars and stones without number The Gold amounteth after the common computation of the common talent at sixe thousand crownes to six hundred forty eight millions of crownes and vpward the siluer to about the same summe But that which by vs is vnderualued accounting to the talent but six thousand crownes as some doe Master Brerewood in his learned worke de ponderibus precijs c. raiseth to a higher summe estimating the talent at foure thousand fiue hundred pound so that the hundred thousand talents of Gold which Dauid had prouided for that worke amount to foure hundred and fifty millions of our pounds and his million of siluer talents each of which is three hundred seuenty fiue pound to three hundred seuenty fiue millions besides thirteene millions and fiue hundred thousand pounds in gold and two millions sixe hundred twenty fiue thousand pounds in siluer afterwards by Dauid offered to the same purpose and by his Princes twenty two millions fiue hundred thousand seuen thousand and fiue hundred pounds in gold and three millions seuen hundred and fifty thousand pounds in siluer That I speake not all other prouisions of iewels metals and timber and the rest Now all that Cyrus got by the conquest of an Asia is valued but at one hundred twenty fiue millions if wee summe his fiue hundred thousand talents after the Aegyptian account which is a great deale more then Alexander found in the Persian Treasury so much renowned both at Susis and Persopolis which as Strabo hath numbred were but thirty two millions and seuen hundred and fifty thousand pounds That summe of Dauid I confesse had often troubled mee nor could I euer finde satisfaction in that doubt But in my opinion Master Brerewoods coniecture is probable that the Hebrew word in that place doth not signifie a Talent or that the word Talent doth not alway signifie the same summe in Scripture euen as amongst other Nations it also varied and
as if he had touched a stranger They liue long feare not death not by any tortures of the Romans could be compelled to transgresse their lawes but derided their tormentors rather beleeuing to receiue their soules againe presently holding the bodies to be corruptible and the prisons of the immortall soules which if they haue been good haue a pleasant place assigned them beyond the Ocean but the euill to be in tempestuous stormie places of punishments Some of these Essens also foretell things to come And another sort is of them which allow of marriage but make a three yeeres tryall first of the woman and if by a constant purgation they appeare fit for child-bearing they wed them not for pleasure but procreation and therefore after conception do not accompanie with them These women when they wash haue their sacred linnen garments also as the men Thus far Iosephus who in his Antiq. addeth to these their opinions of Gods prouidence ruling all things and that they thinke their Ceremonies more holy then those of the Temple and therefore send thither their gifts but do not there sacrifice but by themselues following the same course of life which the Plisti do amongst the Dacians Some of these Essees liued solitarie like to Hermites as is said before Happily that Baenus was of this sort to whom Iosephus resorted for imitation He liued in the wildernesse cloathing and feeding himselfe with such things as the trees and plants of their owne accord yeelded him and with often cold washings in the night and day cooling the heate of lust with him Iosephus abode three yeeres §. VI. Of the Scribes THE Gaulonites or Galilaans had their beginning of Iudas elsewhere hee calleth him Simon a Galilaean whose doctrine was That Only GOD was to be accounted their Lord and Prince In other things they agreed with the Pharises but for their libertie they would rather endure any the most exquisite tortures together with their kindred and friends then call any mortall man their Lord Theudas happily mentioned Act. 5. and that Egyptian Act. 21. were of this rebellious and trayterous Sect and those Sicarij which wore short weapons vnder their garments therewith murthering men in assemblies That Egyptian Iosephus cals a false Prophet who vnder pretence of Religion and name of a Prophet assembled almost thirtie thousand men to Mount Oliuet hee was defeated by Foelix the Gouernour Such were their Zelotae in the siege of Ierusalem vnder the mantle of Religion all of them harbouring and cloaking Treason and villanie The Scribes are not a Sect but a function of which were two sorts 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the one expounders of the Law the other publike Notaries or Actuaries Recorders Secretarie Epiphanius maketh difference betwixt the Scribes that were 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Teachers of the Law and the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Lawyers which prescribed formes of Law Law-cases and taught Ciuill actions But these are often taken one for the other Ezra is called a Scribe whose Pulpit is mentioned Nehem. 8. and Moses Chaire was the Seate of the Scribes that is they taught the Law of Moses which they vsed to do sitting as Christ also did Math. 5.2 Their expositions Epiphanius saith were of foure sorts one in the name of Moses the second in the name of their Rabbine Akiba he is said to haue liued a hundred and twentie yeeres and to be standard-bearer to Barchozba the third in Andan or Annan the fourth after the Assamonai But little is to bee said of these Scribes more then what is before said of the Pharises this being not a differing Sect but an Office or Ministerie wherof the Pharises also were capable and are for false teaching blamed by our Sauiour together with the Scribes The Scribes are said in their expositions to haue beene more textuall the Pharises more in their Glosses and Traditions The Scribes had chiefe reputation for learning the Pharises for holinesse taking more paines saith our English Iosephus to goe to hell The Scribes professed both disputation and obseruation of many things saith Arias Montanus but not so exact as the Pharises For the Pharises though not so learned as the other thought themselues more holy then them because they obserued not onely those things which in the common opinion were thought meete but those things which were least which the people obserued not which others had added This they were ambitious of as of some great perfection for there was a threefold state of men The Doctors Pharises and people of the Land The Prouerbe was The people of the Land are the foote-stoole of the Pharises And this The people of the Land is not holy and they discerne not the Law nor wisedome yea saith the booke Musar hee shall not take the daughter of the people of the Land because they are abomination and their wiues are abomination and of their daughters it is said Cursed be hee that lyeth with a beast Thus did these proud Doctors and Pharises treade the way to the Popish Clergie in contemning the Laytie as vnworthie of the Law and Scripture which in an vnknowne tongue was sealed from them and feasted them at high Feasts with an halfe Sacrament and in their ordinarie priuate Masse with none at all Were not these faire reasons The Laytie might if they had a whole Communion touch the Cup and some of them haue beards and some haue the palsie and their dignitie is inferior to the Priestly c. The Booke Aboth sheweth how the people of the Lord required this supercilious generation talking of them and scoffing at them for their obseruations When I was of the people of the Land R. Aquiba there saith I said Who will giue me a Disciple of the wise I would bite him as an Asse for that insolence and because they would not suffer themselues to be touched of them The people were tyed to obserue the precepts mentioned or by necessitie of consequence drawne out of the Bible The Pharises as is said added their Traditions The Scribes manner of teaching was colde and weake consisting in certaine arguments which rather afflicted then affected the mindes of the hearers in certaine niceties and scrupulous questions and sometimes inextricable And therefore the people heard Christ as speaking with authoritie and not as the Scribes But to let passe these Schoole-men and those Canonists let vs come to their other Sects and sorts of professions §. VII Of many other Iewish Sects and Heresies THe Hemerobaptists are numbred by Epiphanius among the Iewish heresies which saith hee in other things differ not from the Scribes and Pharisies but in their doctrine of the resurrection and in infidelitie are like to the Sadduces And euerie day in all times of the yeere they are baptized or washed whence they haue their name But this custome of daily washing saith Scaliger was common
Seth the sonne of Adam who affirme that two men being created in the beginning and the Angells dissenting the faeminine power preuailed in heauen for with them are males and females gods and goddesses Eue perceiuing that brought forth Seth and placed in him a Spirit of great power that the aduersaries powers might be destroyed Of Seth they say that Christ should come of his stock yea some of them conceiue him to be the very Christ The Heliognosti called also Deuictaci worshipped the Sunne which said they knew all the things of GOD and yeelded all necessaries to men Others there were which worshipped Frogges thereby thinking to appease Diuine Wrath which in Pharaohs time brought Frogges vpon the Land of Aegypt He reckoneth the Accaronites which worshipped a Flie of which else where is spoken as also the Thamuzites of Thamuz which hee saith was the sonne of a Heathen King whose Image the Iewish woman worshipped with teares and continuall sacrifices and that Pharao which ruled Aegypt in Moses time was of that name Astar also and Astarot he saith were Kings of Syria and Aegypt worshipped after their deaths But perhaps more truely we haue expressed these things in our former booke Beniamin Teudelensis speaketh of a sect in his time which he calleth Cyprians and Epicures who prophaned the euening before the Sabbath and obserued the euening of the first day I might adde to their sects the diuers Christs or Messiases which in diuers ages they had but that I haue referred to the tenth Chapter CHAP. IX Of the Samaritans IT remaineth to speake of the Samaritan Sects Samaria was the Citie royall of the ten Tribes after that Omri who as other his predecessors had raigned before at Ticzah had bought the Mountaine Shomron of one Shemer for two talents of siluer and built thereon this Citie which he called after the name Shemer Lord of the Mountaine In vaine therefore is it to seeke the name of the Samaritans from the signification of the word which is keeping seeing they are so called of the place and the place of this their ancient Lord It remayned the chiefe seate of the kingdome as long as the same endured and namely till the dayes of Hoshea their last King in whose time Salmanasar the Assyrian carried the Israelites thence Esarhaddon the son of Senacherib otherwise called Osnappar thus saith Hezra and therefore Epiphanius was deceiued in ascribing this act to Nabuchodonosor in the time of the captiuitie fortie yeeres before the returne sent to inhabite that Region Colonies from Babel and from Cuthan and from Aua and from Hannah and from Sepharuaim Babel is knowne Cutha and Aua are esteemed parts of the desart of Arabia the other of Syria and Mesopotamia It seemeth that most of them were of Cutha because all of them after passed into that name and were of the Iewes called Cuthaei as witnesseth Iosephus Elias Leuita giueth the same reason and addeth that a Iew might not say Amen to a Samaritans or Cuthans blessing The Cuthi saith he were the subtlest beggers of all men in the world and from them as he thinketh came those cosining Roging Gipsies or Egyptians which so many ages haue troubled so many countries of Europe These Heathens serued not the Lord and therefore the Lord sent Lyons among them which slew them wherefore they sent to the King of Assyria who sent thither one of the captiued Priests of Israel to teach them how to worship GOD Epiphanius calleth his name Esdras He dwelt at Bethel and as some conceiue taught rather that Idolatrous worship whereof Bethel had beene before the Beth-auen where Ieroboam had placed his golden Calfe then the true worship of the True Iehouah Howsoeuer euery Nation saith the Text made them gods and put them in the houses of the high places which the Samaritans had made The men of Babel made Succoth Benoth and the men of Cutha made Nergal and the men of Hamath Ashima and the Auims Nibhaz and Tartak and the Sepharuams burnt their children in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech their gods Thus they feared the Lord and serued their gods after the manner of the Nations and so continued A mungrell Religion begotten of a bastard or haereticall Iudaisme and wilde Paganisme What those gods were it is vncertaine and interpreters agree not Of Succoth Benoth is already spoken Wolphius interpreteth Nergal a wilde Hen Ashima a Goate Nibhaz a Dogge Tarkak an Asse Adramelech a Mule Anamelech a Horse Thus saith he the Hebrewes expound them and hee supposeth these creatures were among them canonized and sacred as the Persians are said to worship a Cock the Proembari of Africa a Dog other people other creatures Some are of opinion that Nergal was that continuall fire which these Cuthaeans after the Persian manner kept in their Pyraeths places inclosed for that purpose as in our Persian relations shal follow and Kimchi saith that Adramelech had the forme of a Peacock Anamelech of a Pheasant But neither are the trifling RR. too far to be trusted nor haue we any other good testimonie Thus their Religion continued till after the returne of the Iewes from captiuitie to whom they would haue beene officious helpers in building of the Temple which being refused they be came their enemies and hindred a building the long time But the Temple being built and Religion established among the Iewes and their state flourishing Sanballat gaue his Daughter Nicaso to Manasses the brother of Iaddus the high Priest in the time of Darius the last Persian Monarch This Nehemiah mentioneth but deigneth not to name him affirming that he chased him from him of which some descant whether it were by exile or excommunication or some other punishment R. Salomo interpreteth it of exile Pelican of excommunication Drusius hath a discourse out of a Iewish Author which relateth the forme of that first Anathema and iudiciall curse not vnmeete here to be mentioned denounced against the Samaritans for hindring the worke of the Temple Zorobabel and Ioshua saith hee gathered all the Congregation into the Temple of the Lord and brought three hundred Priests and three hundred Trumpets and three hundred Bookes of the Law and as many children and sounded And the Leuites singing and playing on instruments cursed with all kindes of Anathema's the Chutheans in the secret of the name Tetragrammaton and in writing written vpon Tables and with the Anathema of the house of the higher iudgement and the Anathema of the house of the lower iudgement that none of Israel should eate the bread of the Cuthean whereupon it is said He which eateth a Samaritans bread be as he that eateth Swines flesh and that a Cuthean should not bee a Proselyte in Israel nor should haue part in the Resurrection of the dead Thus they writ and sealed and sent vnto all Israel which were in Babylonia which heaped vpon them
finde two Paradises and two Hells one in this World and the other in the other and future for the body heere and the soule hereafter Euen as saith R. Saadia the white of the Egge comprehendeth the yolke so that first intelligible World infoldeth the second in this are nine Spheres mooued of the immoueable Empyreon in that nine orders of Angels Ricius reckoneth ten Hayes Hakadesch Offanim Erelim Hasmalim Seraphim Malachim Elohim bene Elohim Cherubim Some Diuines count them thus out of Dionysius Seraphim Cherubim Throni Dominationes Virtutes Potestates Principatus Archangels Angeli The tenth Order the Peripatetikes terme Anamastica the Cabalists Ischim that is Men moued of the vnchangeable GOD who in vnmoueable silence first created altogether and after by nine times speaking moued and promoted each thing to its owne distinction The Talmudists dreame of an earthly Messias to free them from this their slauerie the Cabalists if our Cabalists haue not seene these things through spectacles expect a spirituall deliuerie from sinne Doubtlesse they deliuer many excellent assertions howsoeuer their collection seemeth curious and vncertaine gathering the same on grounds without ground beyond all Sense Reason Scripture and therefore often leauened with other superfine absurdities Buxtorfius in his abbreuiat Heb. saith that by his abbreuiation 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 they vse to signifie the three parts of the Art Cabalastica Gematria Notarkon Temurah Gematria is that part which by like numbers contained in the letters of diuers words explaineth one by the other as Tzemach Zach. 3.8 hath in the numerall letters 138. and so many are in Menachem a name which they giue to the Messias and therefore by Tremach they there vnderstand the Messias So in Gen. 49.10 Shilo shall come containe 358. and so doth Messiah which is therefore there meant and many like examples Notaricon is when euery letter in one word shall note so many other words and make vp a sentence Thus the Maccabees are so called of these foure letters which they inscribed in their banners m. c. b. i. the first letters of so many words Exo. 15.11 Who is like thee amongst the gods O Lord So in Adams name they finde as the cause thereof words beginning with the same letters signifying ashes bloud gall whence are noted his corruption losse and calamitie as the Greekes in the same name find the the East West North and South A 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 D 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 A 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 M 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Temurah is when one or two words are changed into one or more other by transposition of letters or inuersion of qualitie So out of the Hebrew words Psal. 21.2 The King shall reioyce in thy strength O Lord they expound the King Messias for this is gathered by transposition of the letters So Chrerem Anathema is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 mercy and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which in the numerall letters hath 248. the iust number in their anatomie of the members of mans bodie The glosse is he which is anathematized if hee repent shall haue for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is mercy if not it pierceth his 248. members and destroyes the whole man Hence came our Anagrammatismes and Chronogrammatismes wherein some doe sometimes learnedly triflle and spend their wits foolishly This of all their Caball is true that it may better serue to conuince the Iewes with testimonie of their owne then for an instruction to vs who cannot enforce arguments out of Symbolicall senses If any be in loue with these mysteries let him resort to Paulus Ricius his Theoremes to Iohn Reuchlin to Iohannes Picus and his Commenter Archangelus to Abrahams supposed Booke of the creation to R. Ioseph Castiliensis his Porta lucis which Ricius hath also translated and epitomized to Galatinus and others Commendable is the labour of some of these and of many others both conuerted Iewes which haue sought to reclaime their peruerse brethren and of our owne as Mornaeus Gregentius Pomeranus out of whom they which please may borrow arguments to conuince the Iewish incredulitie and stubbornenesse and to confound them by their owne testimonies both from these elder Writers aboue mentioned and also from the later So great is the Truth and mightily it preuaileth that it extorteth not onely her owne weapons vsurped and stollen by her enemies but their owne also wherewith they come armed against the Truth and retorteth them on themselues as Dauid serued the Philistims Who cut off Goliahs head with Goliahs sword as Benaiah one of his Worthies slew an Aegyptian a man of great stature fiue cubits long and in the Aegyptians hand was a speare like a Weauers beame and hee went downe to him with a staffe and plucked the speare out of the Aegyptians hand and slew him with his owne speare Thus did Dioxippus the Champion if forrainers delight any deale with Horratus the Macedonian in a set combate and thus hath our Worthie and Champion come often into the field against the Popish Giants armed inwardly with Truth outwardly with Arguments wrested without wresting from his enemies Hee in his Latine and English workes hath obserued the two-fold rule of policie Diuide and Rule against the Papists Vnite and Rule for the Protestants which Breerely would haue brought into the like bryers But those his troupes are shewed not to bee Men but Apes like those that held Alexanders Armie in suspence and like Semiramis Elephants which were but stuffed Oxe-hides kill-cow-frayes But Macte virtute esto worthy Deane Euen so goe on still and fight the Lords battels that thy Sparta so happily vndertaken still adorne and shew the confusion of Babels bablers Diuide that Societie which now in their last age haue hissed with their forked venemous Tongues feared and enuyed at home for their arrogance no lesse then hated abroad for their heresies and treasons Let Saint Iohns Let England and the whole Church still sing the ten thousands that thou doest thus slay with their owne weapons and let the Apostolicall Truth escape whiles her Apostaticall Enemies the Pharisies and Sadducees are set together by the eares A happie and diuine stratageme which not to detract from others iust prayses in this or other parts of the battell hath beene singled and singularly managed by thy prowesse which speakest more iustly then he which vsed those words to these Babylonians in their owne Language that they may eate their owne dung and drinke their owne pisse together Doctor White also in that Lactea via his Milke-white Way to the true Church challengeth in all points of Poperie both authoritie of Scriptures Fathers and later Romanists and to produce the same against the Trent-Councell and the Iesuites But how hath that fatall name of Babel confounded mee Truely the likenesse of these Traditionaries Cabalists muddie Talmudists and Legendaries as will appeare to an easie Obseruer and Comparer of this ensuing Historie to their practice which haue
be washed and if hee should touch his eyes hee would be blinde his eares deafe his nose dropping his mouth stinking his hand scabbed with these vnwashed and therefore venemous hands and when hee washeth he must powre water three times on his right hand and as oft on the left before one hand may touch the other hee must not bee sparing in his water for store of water store of health after the hands the mouth and face must bee washed because they were created after the Image of God and how should the name of God be vttered out of a foule mouth hee must wash ouer a bason not ouer the ground he must drie his face very well for feare of wheales and wrinkles and that with a cleane Towel not with his shirt for this would make them blockish and forgetfull After all this followeth his Brachah or blessing Blessed bee thou O God our God King of the whole world who hast commanded vs to wash our hands Their hands they must alwayes wash on these occasions in the morning at their returne from the stoole from bathing when they haue cut their nayles haue scratched their naked bodie hauing pulled off their shooes with their hands haue touched a dead bodie haue gone amongst the dead haue companied with their wiues or haue killed a louse If hee respect not washing after these if he bee learned he shall forget his learning if vnlearned he shall lose his sense §. II. Of their Zizis and Tephillim and Holy Vestments THey haue a foure-cornered garment which some put on with the rest when they rise others then when they will pray The foure cornered parts thereof are made of linnen silke tyed together with two winding bands of such length that they may draw through their head betwixt them so that those two quadrangular pieces may hang downe one on his brest the other on his backe In euery of those foure corners hangeth a labell made of white woollen threds by a little knot downewards to the ground and the same is foure or eight or twelue fingers broad These labels they call Zizis Those which are deuout weare this garment euery day vnder a long outward coat in such sort that those labels may appeare out a little so that they may alwayes see them as monitories of the Commandements of God When they put them on they praise God that hath commanded them to weare these Zizis Hee say they that keepeth duely this Precept of Zizis doth as much as if hee kept the whole Law for there are in all fiue knots compared to the fiue bookes of Moses eight threds added to them make thirteene And the word Zizis maketh sixe hundred altogether amounting to sixe hunded and thirteene the number as you haue heard of Gods Commandements They ascribe the continencie of Ioseph in Potiphars house and of Boaz when Ruth slept by him to the Zizis May it please your patience a storie out of the Talmud One Rab. Iochanan saw a boxe full of Iewels which one of his Schollers Bar-Emorai purposed to steale but was forbidden by a voyce sounding out of the ayre Let it alone Bar-Emorai for it belongeth to R. Chaninas wife which in the other world shall put into the same violet wooll to make thred for Zizis that of them the iust men there may haue their fringed garments sewed Once hee which weareth this garment without intermission is fortified against the Deuill and all euill Spirits Besides this memorable Vestment they weare a certaine knot neare their nose out of Deut. 6.8 They shall bee frontlets betweene thine eyes They make it thus They take a little blacke foure-square calfe-skin which they fold eight times that it may haue foure double folds and distinct breadths They put into these distinct Scriptures the same being fourefold of parchment These Scriptures are taken out of Exod. 13. and Deut. 6. Then take they haires out of a Cow or Calues tayle and wash them cleane and binde them about those writings of Scripture so that any one may see that they are good by the ends of them appearing out of the skin This skinne they sew with cleane and fine strings taken out of Calues or Kines bodies or made of Bulls sinewes or if such strings cannot bee had with strings of Calue-skin-parchment Then doe they sew a long and blacke thong to that thick hide or skin and knit a knot about it This piece of worke they call Tephillim to put them in minde of often prayer and tye it so about their heads that the thicke knot wherein the Scriptures are may hang betwixt the eyes After this they take another foure-cornered skin which they fold as the former and write certaine verses out of Exodus in parchment and put it into a little hollowed skinne and sew it vpon the thicke-folded skin to which they adde a long thong and call it the Tephillim of the hand This they tye to the bare skin aboue the elbow of the left arme that so that which is written may bee ouer-against the heart which may hereby be the more enflamed to prayer That long string is so fastned that it commeth to the fore-part of the hand thus fulfilling that Commandement The words which I command thee this day shall bee on thine heart and thou shalt tye them for a signe in thy hand They tye on first this Tephillim of the hand and then that of the head and make their brachah or prayer saying Blessed bee thou O God our Lord who hast sanctified vs in thy Commandements and hast commanded vs to put on Tephillim looking while hee speaketh diligently on the knot on his fore-head In folding sewing knitting and tying them they verie subtilly frame the name of God Schaddai Other their manifold ceremonies about these Tephillim I willingly omit Their sanctitie is such that he which weareth them must be pure within and without and if hee lets them fall on the ground all that shall see them so lying must fast with him one whole day they must not bee hanged vp bare but in a bagge nor may they be left in a chamber where a man and his wife lye together except in a triple chest or bagge A man must not sleepe while he hath them on nor may hee breake winde and if he haue list to the stoole he must lay them foure ells from the place of his easement or lay them against his heart in a double bagge Their women seruants and sicke folkes are free from wearing them It is sufficient for women to say Amen to their prayers And all this Moses learned in Mount Sinai §. III. Of their Schoole or Synagogue Rites and their Mattins WEE haue beene tedious in furnishing our Iew to his Mattins at Sun-rising is their houre as you haue heard but their Rabbins haue inlarged and lengthened that time to about nine of the clocke Where many of the Iewes liue together they resort at a set houre to their Synagogue Thither they must
goe cheerfully before their Synagogue they haue an Yron fastned to make cleane their shooes according to Salomons counsell Keepe thy foote when thou goest into the house of God He that hath Pantofles must put them off as it is written For the place where thou standest is holy ground At the entrance in at the doore he pronounceth some things out of Dauids Psalmes they must enter with feare and trembling considering whose presence it is and for a while suspend their praying for the better attention And euerie Iew must cast in a halfe-penie at least into the Treasurie as it is written I will see thy face in righteousnesse that is in almes as they interpret it In this attention they bow themselues towards the Arke in which is the booke of the Law and say How faire are thy Tents O IACOB and thy dwellings O Israel And I will enter into thy house in the multitude of thy mercie I will bow downe in thy holy Temple in thy feare And O Lord I haue loued the habitation of thy house and the place of the Tabernacle of thy glorie and diuers other verses out of the Psalme After these things they begin to pray as is contained in their common Prayer-booke and because these prayers are verie many therefore they runne them ouer hee that cannot reade must attend and say Amen to all their prayers These prayers are in Hebrew rimes Their first prayer is The Lord of the World which raigned before any thing was created at that time when according to his will they were created was called King to whom shall bee giuen feare and honour He alway hath beene is and shall remaine in his beautie for euer Hee is One and besides him there is none other which may bee compared or associated to him without beginning and end with him is rule and strength He is my GOD and my deliuerer which liueth He is my Rocke in my need and time of my trouble my Banner my Refuge my Hereditarie portion in that day when I implore his helpe Into his hands I commend my Spirit Whether I wake or sleepe hee is with me therefore I will not be afraid This done they say then their hundreth benedictions one after another which are short and twice a day repeated First for the washing of their hands that if hee then forgot it he might now in the Congregation recite it Then for the creation of man and for that hee was made full of holes whereof if one should bee stopped he should dye then a confession of the Resurrection then for vnderstanding giuen to the Cocke as you haue heard to discerne day and night a sunder and with his crowing to awaken them and in order Blessed c. That he hath made me an Israelite or Iew Blessed c. That hee hath not made me a seruant Blessed c. That he hath not made me a woman The women heere say that he hath made me according to his will Blessed c. That exalteth the lowly Blessed c. That maketh the blind to see which they should say at their first wakening Blessed c. That rayseth the crooked at his rising Blessed c. That cloatheth the naked at his apparelling Blessed c. That raiseth them vp that fall Blessed c. That bringeth the prisoners out of prison Blessed c. That stretcheth the world vpon the waters when hee setteth his feet on the ground Blessed c. That prepareth and ordereth the goings of man when hee goeth out of his chamber Blessed c. That hath created all things necessarie to life when he puts on his shooes Blessed c. That girded Israel with strength his girdle Blessed c. That crowneth Israel with comelinesse when he puts on his hat Blessed c. That giueth strength to the wearie Blessed bee thou God our Lord King of the world who takest sleepe from mine eyes and slumber from mine eye-lids Then adde they two prayers to be preserued against sinnes euill spirits and men and all euill After this humbling themselues before GOD they confesse their sinnes and againe comfort themselues in the couenant made to Abraham Wee are thy people and the children of thy Couenant c. O happie wee how good is our portion how sweet is our lot how faire is our heritage Oh happie we who euery morning and euening may say Heare Israel The Lord our Lord is one God Gather vs that hope in thee from the foure ends of all the earth that all the inhabitants of the earth may know that thou art our God c. Our Father which art in Heauen be mercifull vnto vs for thy names sake which is called vpon vs and confirme in vs that which is written At that time will I bring you and gather you and make you for a name and praise among all the people of the earth when I shall turne your captiuities saith the Lord Then follow two short prayers for the Law giuen them And then they goe on to the Sacrifices which because they cannot execute in action out of the Temple they redeeme with words reading the precepts concerning sacrifices according to their times comforting themselues with the saying of HOSE We will sacrifice the calues of our lippes Then repeat they an Historie of Sacrifice and a Prayer of the vse of the Law and how many wayes it may bee expounded This done they with a still voyce that none can heare pray for the re-edifying of the Temple in these words Let thy will bee before thy face O GOD our Lord Lord of our Fathers that the holy house of thy Temple may bee restored in our dayes and grant vs thy will in thy Law After rising with great ioy and clamour they sing a prayer of prayse in hope hereof and sitting downe againe they reade a long prayer gathered heere and there out of the Psalmes and some whole Psalmes and part of 1. Chron. 30. And lastly the last words of Obadiah The Sauiours shall ascend into Mount Sion to iudge the Mount of Esau and the Kingdome shall bee the Lords Which they speake in hope of the destruction of the Christians whom they call Edomites and of their owne restitution In some of their close writings which they will not suffer to come into the hands of Christians they say that the soule of Edom entered into the bodie of Christ and that both hee and wee are no better then Esau They proceed singing And God shall bee King ouer all the earth In that day GOD shall bee one and his name one as it is written in thy Law O GOD Heare Israel GOD our GOD is one GOD And these words in their next Prayer they repeat resounding that last word One by the halfe or whole houre together looking vp to Heauen and when they come to the last letter thereof Daleth d. they all turne their heads to the foure corners and windes of the World signifying that GOD
away and they dyed whence came that custome of saluting and praying well to men in neezing The strangling of Achitophel they also interpret of this neezing farewell The fourth dayes fast is for Women which are with childe or giue sucke but the Tuesday and Wednesday in likelyhood were not ordinarie as the other Sunday might not bee thus honoured being the Christian Sabbath and Friday was the preparatiue to their owne Those two dayes are generally halfe holy-dayes Assembling earely in their Synagogues besides their ordinarie prayers they annexe many other Among others they vse one Prayer called Vchurachum of miraculous effect as appeared in Vespatians time who committing three Ships full of Iewes without Oare or Mariner to the wide Seas which arriued in three seuerall regions Louanda Arlado Burdeli worke for Geographers Those which arriued in this last port by tyrannicall Edict of the King were to be tryed whether they were true Iewes as Hananias Misael and Azarias made proofe of their Religion Whereupon three dayes being required as they said Nebuchadnezzar had granted them wherein to betake themselues to fasting and prayer in this time of respite three deuout Iewes Ioseph Beniamin and Samuel inuened each of them a prayer which they ioyned into one and continued in praying the same three dayes at the end whereof they cast themselues into the fire and there continued till it was consumed Hence arose this ordinance euery Munday and Thursday to vse the same prayer which is this And hee is mercifull and pardoning sinne doth not destroy the sinner Hee often turneth his anger from vs and doth not kindle all his wrath Thou O my God suffer me not to want thy mercie let thy gentlenesse and truth keepe mee alwayes Helpe vs O God our God and gather vs from the Gentiles c. for their restitution as in other their prayers and destruction of their enemies the Christians After this they prostrate themselues on their faces as before with many other orisons to the like effect §. II. Of their Law-Lectures THeir solemne ceremonie of the Law-lecture followeth In all their Synagogues they haue the fiue bookes of Moses written in great letters on Parchments of Calues-skins sowed together in length which at both ends are fastened to pieces of wood by which the booke may be lifted and carried This booke is kept in an Arke or Chest set in some wall of the Synagogue Before the doores of the Arke is a hanging of Tapestrie more or lesse precious according to the qualitie of their Feasts and for the most part wrought with Bird-worke The booke is wrapped in a linnen-cloath wrought with Hebrew words without that is hanged about some other cloath of Linnen Silke Veluet or Gold to which is fastened a plate of Siluer by a chayne of Gold vpon the which is written The crowne of the Law or holinesse of the Lord Then goeth one about crying Who will buy Gelilah etzchaijm This is an office whereby they are authorized to handle those pieces of wood and to open the booke of the Law Hee which giueth most for it hath it the money is reserued for the poore The pieces of wood are called etzchaijm tree of life according to Salomon Wisedome is a tree of life to them that lay holde thereon When the chiefe Chanter hath taken out the booke and goeth with it into the Pulpit they all sing out of Num. 10.35 Arise O Lord and let thine enemies bee scattered and let them that hate thee flye before thee And out of Esay 2.3 Many people shall goe and say Come let vs ascend to the mount of the Lord to the house of the God of IACOB and hee shall teach vs his wayes and wee will walke in his pathes for the Law shall goe out of Sion and the Word of the Lord from Ierusalem When this Praecentor layeth the booke on his arme hee saith Magnifie the Lord with mee and let vs exalt his name together to which all the people answer Exalt yee the Lord our God and bow before his foot-stoole for it is holy exalt yee the Lord our God and bow to the mountaine of his holinesse for Iehouah our God is holy There vpon a Table couered with silke hee layeth downe the booke and he which hath bought the Office taketh from it the cloathes wherein it is wrapped Then these two call some one of the Congregation by his owne and his Fathers name who commeth foorth and kisseth the booke not on the bare Parchment for that were a sinne but on the cloathes which couer it and taking it by those pieces of wood saith aloud Praise the Lord c. Blessed bee thou O Lord who hast chosen vs before any other people and giuen vs thy Law Blessed bee thou O God the Law-giuer Then the Praecentor readeth a Chapter out of the booke and then hee which was called foorth with like kissing and blessing returneth Then another is called foorth and doth likewise After him another who had need bee of strong armes for hee lifteth vp and carrieth this booke that all may see it all crying This is the Law which Moses gaue to the Israelites This Office is called Hagbahah and is sold as the former The women meane-while contend amongst themselues in this Synagogue by some Lattice to haue a sight of the Law for the women haue a Synagogue apart seuered with Lattices so besides their pretence of modestie to fulfill the saying of Zacharie The family of Dauid shall mourne apart and their wiues apart c. If he which carrieth the booke should stumble or fall it were ominous and should portend much euill These two Officers fold vp the booke as before and then come all and kisse the same and then it is carried to his place with singing After this they end their Prayers as at other times saying Lord leade mee in thy righteousnesse because of mine enemies direct thy way before me And The Lord keepe my going out and comming in from henceforth for euer Which they also say when they goe foorth on a iourney or to worke §. III. Of the Iewish Sabbath THey prepare themselues to the obseruation of their Sabbath by diligent prouision on the Friday before night of the best meates well dressed especially the women prouide them good Cakes They honour the Sabbath with three bankets first on the Friday night when their Sabbath beginneth another on the Sabbath day at noone the third before sunne-set Eate yee it to day to day is the Sabbath of the Lord to day yee shall not find it Manna in the field do you not see To day thrice mentioned and therefore by Moses owne ordaining that Manna must so often bee eaten on the Sabbath The richest Iewes and most learned Rabbins disdaine not some or other office at chopping of hearbs kindling the fire or somewhat toward this preparation The Table remaineth couered all that night and day They wash and if need
they reade the first Lecture and the last thereof and leape about the Arke with the Bookes and they hurle Pearles Nuts and such fruits among the youth which in their scrambling sometimes fall together by the eares and marre the sport On this day they sell their Synagogue-offices the Clarke making proclamation who will giue most at the third time obtayneth first the office of lighting the Lights all the yeere then that of prouiding the Wine which they vse to begin the Feasts with in respect of the poore which haue no wine to hallow at home Thirdly is set to sale the office Gelilah of folding vp and vnfolding the Law Fourthly Hagbohah of lifting vp the Law and carrying it in Procession Fiftly the office Etzchaijm of touching those turned pieces of wood whereto the Law is fastened which the young-men are forward to buy in hope of holinesse and longer life Sixtly Acheron to bee called foorth last on the festiuall dayes to reade somewhat of the Law Seuenthly Schetria to be deputed or substituted in place of the negligent officer c. The money hence arising is for the vse of the poore and reparations of their Synagogue but in these sale-offices wealth hath more honour then worthinesse Their feast of Dedication wee cannot say much more of then that which alreadie hath beene said much nicenesse herein is obserued about the Lights wherewith they solemnize this darkenesse which I willingly omit these lights thy vse in their houses all the space of these eight dayes burning Their feast of Lots they keepe with all riot two dayes as with some at Shroue-tide the men disguising themselues in womens habite the women in mens they holde that hee shall be fortunate which then laboureth women especially then make merry in remembrance of Queene Esther and they with their infants are present in the night at the reading of the booke of Esther which is all written in a large sheet of Parchment and reade from the beginning to the end In times past they had two stones in one of which was written Hamans name which they beat together till the name was blotted out to fulfill that Scripture The name of the wicked shall rot Cursed bee HAMAN blessed bee MORDECAI cursed bee ZERES Hamans wife blessed be ESTHER cursed bee all Idolaters blessed be ISRAEL When they come to the place where Hamans ten sonnes are named they reade it all in one breath for in a twinkling of an eye they were all slaine They make great cheere for so did Esther in feasting Assuerus In these two dayes they doe nothing but eate drinke dance pipe sing play c. The rich are bound to send to the poore Iewes double presents which must not be spent but on this solemnitie they quaffe it is saith Rabbi Isaac Tirna a good worke till they finde no difference betweene Arur Haman and Baruch Mordecai Cursed bee HAMAN blessed bee MORDECAI vociferations that day obserued and hold it lawfull to drinke till they cannot tell their fiue fingers on the hand They obserue festiuall the Equinoctials and Solstices and a certaine Rogation day they vse the Fasts before mentioned out of Zach. 7. with other superstitions Some of them fast also as is said on Mundayes and Thursdayes and some on the tenth of March for the death of Miriam at whose departure a certaine Fountaine dryed vp and the people were left without water but in this moneth the Rabbins will not allow fasting because of their deliuerance therein out of Egypt Some fast for the death of Samuel Aprill 28. and for the taking of the Arke April 10. and at other times for other Prophets Some fast on the New-Moones Eeuen some when they haue had an infortunate dreame and all that day in which their Father dyed through their whole life Their fasting is an abstinence from all eating and drinking till night But of these fasts and other their solemnities is said before in the abstract of their Kalender taken out of Ioseph Scaliger Their fast on the 17. of the fourth Moneth for the destruction of their Citie is rigourously kept and from thence to the ninth day of the moneth following are holden vnluckie dayes in which Schoolmasters may not beate their Schollers nor any man will sew at the Law And for the burning of the Temple in the ninth day of the fifth moneth they goe bare-foot reade heauie stories and Ieremiahs Lamentations and mourne among the graues of the dead and are sad all that moueth from the first to the tenth day they eate no flesh nor drinke wine nor bathe nor marrie nor cut their hayre they sew not at the Law for Hosea saith The moneth shall deuoure their portion and they shall bee taken saith Ieremie in their moneth On the eight day they eate onely Lentils for they may not eate Pease or Beanes because they haue blacke spots like mouthes which Lentils want and therefore more fitly represent a heauie man which wanteth his mouth for sorrow egges they may eate in the night for their roundnesse for sorrow as if it were round rolleth from one to another They haue their fasts also on speciall occasions as they tell of one Chone Hammagal which in a great drought put himselfe into a pye made fit for his body and prayed saying Lord of the World the eyes of thy children are vpon mee as one whom they thinke familiar with thee I sweare by thy holy name that I will not come hence till thou shew mercy And then it rayned presently for how could it choose They tell the same pye-tale of Moses likewise and of Habbacuc expounding that Hab. 2.1 I will stand on my watch I will stand in my Pye Their manner is saith Victor Carbensis to curse Titus and say he was of the generation of Agag the Amalechite and such a blasphemer as neuer was any and that for his blasphemies he was stricken with madnesse CHAP. XIX Of their Cookerie Butcherie Marriages Punishments Funerals BVt why doe wee entertaine you so long in Feasts and Fasts both almost violent to humane nature howsoeuer the Glutton is neuer glutted with the one and the superstitious rather kill the flesh then the vices of the flesh with the other Medio tutissimus ibis We will soberly recreate your spirits with a walke into the Cooke-roome and thence to the Butcherie and then to the Bride-chamber to take view of their Espousals Marriages Diuorces and thence diuorce your eyes from these spectacles and thence diuert them to their Beggers Penances and to that fatall diuorce ending your walke where the walkes of all flesh end at Death and the Graue §. I. Of their Cookerie THey haue Kitchin vessels of two sorts one for flesh another for white-meates Their milke vessels of wood are marked with three cuts because that sentence Thou shalt not seethe a Kid in his mothers milke is three times in the Law repeated Euery Iew carrieth two kniues with him one for Flesh the other for
had seised on in Persia But after thee yeeres and a halfe this Chalifa was forced by his souldiers finding him in a Stoue bathing himselfe to drinke a pot full of cold water which sodainely killed him Motady Bila succeded with like fortune slaine of his Souldiers after eleuen moneths In these combustions the Chaliphate was deuided one raigning in Bagdet the other in Aegypt whose historie you may finde in our Aegyptian relations Almat Hamed Bila succeeded in Bagdet the thirtie fiue Chalife Persia was now rent with many factions for besides Taher the allowed Gouernour and Ahem Ben Zeyd which still continued his warres a new Captaine Yacub Leys arose who ouerthrew Taher and slew him This Yacub was a Tinker as his Father also after that a Captaine of Robbers then fishing in those troubled waters tooke part with another Rebell in Sistom and sharing the Countrey by his fellowes misfortune became sole Lord After this hee preuayled against Taher and Acem and brought Persia vnder him following his designes against the Chalife himselfe now much terrified with his fame and was likely to haue preuayled if hee had not dyed by the way A.H. 268. His brother Hamer Ben Leys succeeded in Persia Karason and the rest of his conquests the Chalife himselfe adding thereto Hierak the chife Citie whereof sayth our Author is Hispahon making him Chena of Bagadet which is the soueraigne Magistrate of iustice next the Chalife but Matazed Bila Hamed the next Chalife slew him being before vanquished by Ismael to whom he gaue the tytle of King of Maurenahar Karason Scyras Siston and Kermon Gerion also and Taberstan which hee tooke from Mahamed Ben Zeyd Alauuy Moktafy Bila was next Chalife and after him his brother Moctader Bila who dyed A.H. 301. And Iafar Ben Matazed succeeded All this while was Persia and the neighbour-Countries subiect to warre and contention each calling his owne whatsoeuer hee could get and hold by force The particulars I forbeare to recite In these times the Arabians robbed Mecca carrying from thence great spoyles which the superstitious Moores had offered amongst the rest carrying away a stone to Cufa a holy Relique brought forsooth by Adam out of Paradise and afterwards it befell to Ismael the sonne of Abraham and I know not when was brought to Mecca It is white by nature but being touched by sinners it were a sinne to deny it prooued blacke But Saint Rumwald at Boxley and many other Popish stones or blockes had like vertue Iafar our Chalife dyed A.H. 320. About these times Abusuia Zacuth calls him Bawia a poore Persian dreamed that he pissed fire which inflamed the countrey and deuiding it selfe into three parts continued long An Astrologer interpreted that hee should command great Prouinces in which his sonnes should succeed him Elkaher or Kaher Bila Mahamet Ben Mathazed was the next Chalife whose eyes his Souldiers put out after eighteene moneths and gaue his place to Razibila Hee cut off the hand of Eben Mokale his Wazir and hanged it on a gibbet for writing a Letter without his priuitie Hee ordayned also that the Wazirs should preach the Law to the people which till that time the Chalifes themselues had performed Muktafy succeeded In his time was a great famine and pestilence The Souldiers put out his eyes A. H. 330. after which he liued fortie two yeeres But his sonne Mostachfy Abdela was Chalife Now did the three sonnes of Abusuia finde meanes to make themselues Lords of Persia and the adiacent Regions one of which warred vpon the Chalife tooke him and put out his eyes A. H. 334. and placed Motyah Bila Fazele in that dignitie In his time the stone aforesaid was recouered from Cufa being redeemed at the weight in gold and restored to Mecca And now the Chalifes began to bee but shadowes of that quondam bodie and Lords in name Tayaha Abdel Carim was Chalife after Motyah in whose time the posteritie of Abusuia had ruinated Bagadet by their warres which was by Azudu Daule one of them re-edifyed A. H. 368. This Prince shewed himselfe fauourable to his Diuines Phylosophers Physitians and Poets and gaue leaue also to the Christians his subiects to build Churches bearing part of the charge Hee built a goodly Hospitall at Bagadet A.H. 371. and endowed it with great reuenues and another at Scyras not inferiour Hee dyed A. 372. and left his inheritance to his three sonnes of which Scerfa Daule went into Persia and Scams Daule to Bagadet which soone after possessed his brothers state then dead and associated Bahao Daule the third brother with him in gouernment who proued sole heyre by the treason of mutinous Souldiers which murthered Scams Daule A. H. 380. Bahao deposed the Chalife in the first yeere of his raigne although the possession of the place since the time of the Daules or Abusuia's race was but an Ecclesiasticall power plumed of the Temporall soueraigntie Hee gaue the place to Kader Bila Hamed the fortie sixe in order of Chalifes At this time Mamud Gasney raigned in Karasan and Maurenahar who taking the aduantage of the minoritie of Fakoro Daules sonnes Fakoro himselfe and Bahao being dead much altered the face of the Persian and Mahumetane affaires From this time forward the Daules with ciuill contentions weakened each other Great were the broyles also in all the Northerly adioyning Countries the Kings of Bokara Turquestan Nichabur Darband Samarcand with all the Prouinces in or neere those parts of Persia fryed in ciuill combustions euery man measuring his right by his Sword and Speare Mamud at this time hauing chased away his brother Ismael contracted friendship with Ilechkan King of Turquestan and made a prosperous expedition into India as his Father Sabutaquin had done before which Ilechkan enuying treacherously entred into his countrey and forced Mamuds returne but Mamud being victorious Ilechkan strengthned himselfe with a new confederacie of Kaderkham King of Katao kotan a countrey in Catay whose great forces forced Mamud to vse the helpe of the Turkes and with the Calanges Gazneys and Aueganys aduanced and fighting on a Elephant obtayned the victorie A. H. 397. Now did Mamud returne to his Indian expedition seeking to conuert the Indians to his Religion where hee fought with Bal an Indian King and ouerthrew him in battell taking fortie Elephants and rich spoyles and the Indians retyring with their treasures and the riches of their Pagodes or Idoll temples Mamud entred heere also where Mirkond sayth hee tooke seuen millions of dragmes of gold 700. Ingots of gold with store of pearles and gemmes Hee ouerthrew also the Gaores or Guzarates In Karason was at this time such a famine that the people did eate vp one another This being done A. H. 400. Mamud went against Bagadet and by strait siege forced Kader Bila the Chalife to yeeld himselfe and redeeme his peace with money After this and some new exploites in Persia hee returned into India where he againe did great Acts and at his returne ouerthrowing Nealataquin
thousand of his people fled and seated himselfe in a part of Armenia about Erzerum and after vpon some better hopes resolued to returne againe into Persia but in seeking to passe the Riuer Euphrates was drowned and his followers dispersed following their ancient Trade of wandring Heards-men Hee left behinde him foure sonnes Tencur-Teken Iundogdis Ertogrul the father of Ottoman and Dunder The two eldest returned into Persia The two youngest stayed and with them foure hundred Families with their Tents and Carts their moueable Houses And insinuating into the Sultan Aladins good liking by sute and desert this Ertogrul was rewarded as yee haue heard being made Lord of Suguta and Warden of those Marches and liued there in securitie till he was of great yeeres and had seene much alteration in that state He died Anno 1289. hauing liued ninetie three yeeres And him succeeded by common consent as Lord ouer the Oguzian Turkes his sonne Ottoman saluted therefore by the name of Osman Beg or Lord Osman Hee first got into his subiection a great part of the Castles and Forts of the greater Phrygia equally protecting his Subiects both Christians and Turkes he conquered Nice the name whereof is reuerend for the first Generall Councell of Christendome and Aladin the second Sultan of Iconium sent vnto him a faire Ensigne a Sword and Robe with ample Charters that whatsoeuer he tooke from the Christians should be his owne and that publike prayers should be said in their Temples for his health which was of him humbly accepted and such prayers made by one Dursu whom hee had appointed Bishop and Iudge of Carachiser Anno 1300. Neapolis was made his seat Royall Hee fished so well in the troubled streame of the Greeke Empire that hee subdued the most part of Phrygia Mysia and Bythinia and Prusa after a long siege was yeelded vnto his sonne Orchanes and made the Royall seat of the Ottoman-Kings where Ottoman himselfe was buried 1328. His sonne Orchanes succeeded Aladin his brother contenting himselfe with a priuate life who after built two Mahumetan Churches and another at Prusa Orchanes also erected in Nice a sumptuous Temple appointing a Preacher to preach to the people euery Friday and two faire Abbies in the one of which hee with his owne hands serued the strangers and poore the first-dinner Hee was the first that builded Abbies among the Turkes followed herein by most of his Successours Hee got Nicomedia and the Townes adioyning He also wonne all Charasia and at his returne built a Church and Abbey at Prusa placing therein religious men sought out with all diligence His sonne Solyman first of the Turkes that had possessed any foot in Europe crossed the Hellespont and wanne the Castle Zemeenic and after that Maditus receptacles for the Turks which came ouer in multitudes hee transporting Christians into Asia to dwell in their roome And after he wan Gallipoli spoyling the Countrie and winning from the Greekes who were negligent in preuenting or remedying this danger But Solyman dying with a fall his old father Orchanes liued not two moneths after a Prince very zealous in his superstition who besides building diuers Churches Abbies Colledges and Cells allowed Pensions to all such as could in the Church say the booke of Mahomets law by heart and competent maintenance to the Iudges that they should not sell justice Amurath which succeeded exceeded him in his blind zeale Hee kept in awe the Turkish Princes in Asia and wanne many Townes and Castles in Thracia and amongst others Adrianople the seat Royall of the Turkish Kingdome vntill Constantinople was after subdued This was done 1362. Hee ordained that euery fifth captiue of the Christians aboue fifteene yeeres old should bee taken vp for the Turkish King which were distributed among the Turkish hus-bandmen in Asia to learne the Turkish Language Religion and Manners and after two or three yeeres choice was made of the better sort to attend vpon the Princes person and for his warres called Ianizars that is new Souldiers which Order after grew to great account and is yet a principall pillar of the Turkish greatnesse He ouerthrew Aladin the Caramanian King which made the other Princes of the Selzuccian Family to submit themselues vnto him And busying himselfe in his new Conquests in Europe after a great victorie obtained against Lazarus Despot of Seruia as he viewed the slaine carkasses was slaine of a wounded and halfe-dead Souldier who comming staggering as it were to beg his life stabbed this great CoÌ„queror with a dagger hidden vnder his garments Baiazet his sonne and successour oppresseth most of the Mahumetan Princes in Asia inuadeth Valachia besiegeth Constantinople eight yeers ouerthroweth the King of Hungarie in battell subdueth the Caramanian Kingdome and amidst his aspiring fortunes is by Tamberlane depriued of his Kingdome and libertie shut vp and carried about in an yron Cage against the barres whereof he beat out his braines Anno 1399. Mahomet his sonne after much warre with his brethren wholly possesseth the Ottoman Kingdome both in Europe and Asia almost quite ouerthrowne before by Tamerlane Hee tooke the Caramanian King and his sonne Mustapha prisoners who became his Vassals as did also the Vâ—lachian Prince he died 1422. Amurath his successor winneth Thessalonica the greatest part of Aetolia inforceth the Princes of Athens Phocis and Boeotia to become his Tributaries oppresseth the Mahumetan Princes of Asia subdueth Seruia spoileth Hungarie Hee after retired himselfe to a Monasticall life in a Monasterie which yet the affayres of State forced him to leaue againe He inuading Epirus at the siege of Croia dyed 1450. Mahomet was there saluted Sultan in the field a man equally vnequall and troublesome to the Christian and Mahumetan Princes He wanne Constantinople the twentieth of May 1453. the taking whereof is by Leonardus Chiensis declared in a Treatise composed of that vnhappie argument and likewise by Cardinall Isidorus Ruthenus Hee wanne Trabezond the Imperiall seat of another Christian Empire Anno 1460. Hence hee was called Emperour a name not giuen to the Turkish Kings He burnt Athens Anno 1452. Hee obtained Epirus and Mysia Anno 1436. and did much harme against the Soldan and Mamalukes He conquered Euboea and Illyricum in the yeere 1474. ouerthrew the Persians and in the last act of his bloodie life he tooke by Achmetes his Captaine Otranto or Hydruntum in Italy with no small terrour to all Italy Hee was sir-named Great and is said to haue conquered two hundred Cities twelue Kingdomes and two Empires which he lest to Baiazet his sonne Anno 1481. His other sonne Zemes was forced to flee into Italy where a great summe of money was yeerely allowed the Pope to keepe him for his owne securitie and for loue of his brother whom Alexander the Bishop is reported to poyson as some thinke by composition with the grand Seignior He had some warres against the Mamalukes some against the
in some desert and a farre off obserue the euent If the fowles seize on them with their talents and teare them out of their coffins they account it a great happinesse not so if dogges or wilde beasts prey thereon But if nothing meddle therewith it is accounted a miserable and lamentable case The Derbices account all faults though neuer so small worthy of the vtmost punishment The Earth was their Goddesse to their holies they admitted nothing female nor to their tables They killed such as were aboue seuentie yeeres old calling to that bloudie banquet their neighbours esteeming such miserable as by disease were intercepted and taken away Old womens flesh they eate not but strangled and then buried them they likewise buried such as died before that age CHAP. IIII. Of Persia and the Persian State in the first and second Persian Dynasties PErsia if wee take it strictly is thus bounded by Ptolomey It hath on the North Media on the East Carmania on the West Susiana on the South part of the Persian Gulfe But this name is sometimes stretched as farre as that wide and spacious Kingdome all that Empire being often called in Authors Persia and differing in the bounds and limits according to the enlarging or contracting of that Monarchie It is supposed that the Persians descended of Elam the sonne of Shem whose name remained vnto a Region called Elymais mentioned by Ptolomey placed in the North parts of Media Plinie mentioneth the Elamitae on the South next to the Sea which name Ierome in his dayes gaue to one of that Nation frater quidam Elamita c. Xenophon also nameth the Tribe of the Elamites Moses telleth of the raigne and power of Chederlaomer King of Elam in that morning of the world extended to the borders of Canaan Herodot reports that they were called of the Greekes Cephenes of the neighbouring Nations Artaei Suidas affirmes that they were called of the Inhabitants Magog and Magusaei Other names are by Ortelius added Chorsori Achaemenij Panchaia c. It was called Persia of Persaeus the sonne of Danae or of Perses the sonne of Andromeda or as others of Perses the sonne of Medaea §. I. Of the beginning of the Persian Monarchie by CYRVS FRom the time of Chedorlaomer whom Abram with his houshold-armie ouerthrew vntill the time of Cyrus little mention is made of them hee freed them from the Median seruitude and erected first that mightie Persian Monarchie Bizarus which hath written twelue bookes of the Persian affaires supposeth that in that time of their subiection to the Assyrians and Medes they had Gouernours and Lawes of their owne onely owing a tributary subiection to the other as their supreme Lords This hee collecteth out of Xenophon Cyrus was by name foretold by Esay and the re-building of Ierusalem and the Temple by his authoritie before that Babylonian Monarchie was erected which destroyed them GOD after reuealed to Nebuchadnezzar and Daniel by dreames this Persian both rising and fall And by dreames did he make way vnto the effecting of his decree as appeareth in Herodotus Iustine and others For Astyages dreaming that hee saw a Vine growing on the wombe of his daughter Mandane which couered all Asia interpreted by his Wizards of the subuersion of his Kingdome by his daughters future issue married her as before is said to Cambyses a Persian descended of the stocke of Perseus sonne of Iupiter and Danae and the sonne of Achaemenes so that in that remote Region meanes might faile vnto any aspiring designes The Chaldaeans report as Alphaeus recordeth out of Megasthenes that Nabuchodonosor hauing conquered all Libya and Asia as farre as Armenia at his returne rauished with diuine fury cryed out That a Persian Mule should come and subdue the Babylonians This agrees some what both with the dreame and the madnesse recorded of that King by Daniel Chap. 2. and 4. The Oracle of Delphos made like answere to Croesus That the Lydians should then flee when a Mule should gouerne the Medes He was termed a Mule because of his more noble parentage by the mother then the father and their diuersitie of Nation Strabo thinkes he was called Cyrus of a Riuer in Persia being before called Agradatus Plutarch saith hee was called Cyrus of the Sunne which with the Persians hath that name Polyoenus calleth his wife Nitetis daughter of Aprias King of Egypt Suidas saith it was Bardane and that shee was daughter of Cyaxares otherwise called Darius Medus Hee conquered the Median Empire first and after added two other the Lydian and Babylonian Croesus the Lydian consulting with the Oracle about the successe of his warre receiued answere 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 That is Croesus passing Haile great state shall make to fall This he interpreted of the ouerthrow of Cyrus but proued it in himselfe Croesus his sonne had beene mute till now seeing the sword of his enemy readie to giue the fatall stroke vnto his father violence of sudden passion brake open those barres and stops which Nature had set before as impediments to his speech and by his first most fortunate-vnfortunate language cried to the bloudie Souldiers to spare his father After his many great exploits hee warred vpon Thamyris the Scythian Queene where he lost his life I know not how Diuine Prouidence seemeth to haue set those Scythian stints to the Persian proceedings those great Monarches both in the elder and our later world euer finding those Northerne windes crossing and in some dismall successe prohibiting their ambition that way Cyrus was of so firme memory that hee could call all the souldiers some say but all that had any place of command by their proper names He ordained that his souldiers should in the first ioyning with the enemy sing certaine Hymnes to Castor and Pollux that by this meanes they should not bee surprised with sudden feare He gaue leaue to the Iewes to returne and re-people their Countrey and to re-build the Temple A.M. 3419. Ezra calleth this the first yeere of Cyrus not the first of his reigne but of his Easterne Monarchie as in his Edict himselfe proclaimeth The Lord GOD of Heauen hath giuen mee all the Kingdomes of the Earth For after he had ouercome Darius Medus whom Berosus calleth Nabonnidus in battell and forced him to keepe himselfe in Borsippa hee besieged and obtained Babylon where spending some time for the setling of his affaires he after that forced Darius to yeeld and returning to Babylon made a conquest of Susiana All which atchieued the ninth yeere after the taking of Babylon the seuentieth of the Iewish Captiuitie the nine and twentieth of his raigne and the first of that his Babylonian Empire hee made the decree aboue mentioned and dyed the second yeere after It is probable also that the Persians who held Cyrus in such veneration began their Aera or new Computation from this time of his
Maotis but whether in deuouring the people with their swords as they did the pastures with their cattel they came from hence or these from thence or that Pliny might easily wander in so wandering a subiect all auer that from hence they went first into Persia and in succeeding ages haue made many fertile Countries like their Turcomania where Master Ienkinson saith groweth no grasse but heath whereon the cattell feed The Ottoman-horse blasting with his breath the ground he treads on according to their owne Prouerbe there neuer groweth grasse more The Turkeman Nation is saith Haithon for the most part Mahumetan and many of them without Law at all They vse the Arabike Letters §. III. Of the Zagathayan Tartars THese Desarts and Theeues haue almost made vs forget our diuision according to which wee should haue told you that from the Caspian Sea hither you must according to Maginus call the Tartars generally Zagathayans so called of Zagathay the Great Cans brother sometime their Prince Which name comprehendeth also diuers other Nations more ciuill then the former possessing the Countries sometime knowne by the names of Bactriana Sogdiana Margiana now Ieselbas that is Greene heads of the colour of their Turbants differing from the Persians whom they call for like cause Red-heads These haue cruell warres continually with the Persians whom they call Caphars as they doe the Christians for their supposed heresie of which in the Persian relation hath beene shewed and for that they will not cut the haire of their vpper lips for which they are accounted of the Tartars great sinners In Boghar is the seat of their Metropolitane who is there more obeyed then the King and hath sometime deposed the King and placed another at his pleasure There is a little Riuer running through the Citie whose water breedeth in them that drinke thereof especially strangers a worme of an ell long which lieth in the leg betwixt the flesh and the skin and is plucked out about the anckle with great Art of Surgeons well practised herein And if it breake in plucking out the partie dieth They plucke out an inch in a day which is rolled vp and so proceed till she be all out And yet will not the Metropolitane suffer any drinke but water or Mares milke hauing Officers to make search and punish such as transgresse with great seueritie Zagatai liued the space of one hundred twentie and one yeeres before Marcus Paulus and was as hee saith a Christian but his sonne followed him in his Kingdome not in his Religion Here in this Countrey is Samarcand the Citie of Great Tamerlaine of some called Temir Cuthlu that is as Mathias a Michou interpreteth it Happy Sword whose Armie contained twelue hundred thousand whose Conquests exceed if Histories exceed not all the Great Alexanders Pompeys Caesars or any other Worthies of the World And one of the greatest Monarch now of the Earth The Great Mogore is said to descend of him Of him are many Histories written by some that haue liued since his time and could not well know his proceedings it being generally deplored that this Achilles wanted a Homer which Alexander applauded in him but wanted for himselfe onely one Alhacen an Arabian which then liued hath written largely thereof and that as he saith by Tamerlans command which Iean du Bec Abbot of Mortimer in his voyage into the East Countrie met with and had it interpreted to him by an Arabian and wee vpon his credit which if any thinke to be insufficient I leaue it to his choice and censure That Author saith that Tamerlan descended of the Tartarian Emperours and Og his father was Lord of Sachetay who gaue to his sonne Tamerlan which name signifieth Heauenly grace in their Tongue his Kingdome while hee yet liued appointing two wise Counsellours Odmar and Aly to assist him Hee was well instructed in the Arabian learning and a louer of Learned men Nature had set in his eyes such rayes of Maiestie and beautie that men could scarce endure to looke on them He wore long haire contrary to the Tartarian Custome pretending that his mother came of the race of Sampson He was strong and had a faire leg whereas Leunclauius saith he was called Tamurleng of his lamenesse His first Warre was against the Muscouite whom he ouercame The second against the King of China with like successe I mention not his battailes in ciuill warres The third against Baiazet the Turke whom he captiued passing thither by the way of Persia where Guines Author of the Sophian Sect a great Astrologer and accounted a holy man encouraged him with prophesies of his good successe This Warre he made against Baiazet in behalfe of the Greeke Emperour and others whom the Turke oppressed He went priuately to Constantinople and had sight of the Citie with all kindnesse from the Emperour He inuaded Syria and Aegypt ouerthrew the Soldan and won Cairo destroyed Damascus visited and honoured Ierusalem and the holy Sepulchre and granted great Priuiledges thereunto The Princes of Lybia and barbarie by their Embassages in Aegypt acknowledged his Soueraigntie In his returne by Persia he was encountred by Guines who brought with him an infinite number of sundry kindes of beasts which he made tame and by which he taught men As soone as he saw Tamerlan he made his Praiers towards the Heauens for his health and for the Religion of the Prophet excommunicating the Ottomans as enemies to the faithfull beleeuers Tamerlan gaue him fifteene or sixteen thousand of his prisoners which he instructed in his opinion and after conquered Persia and so returned to Samarcand where he had vowed to erect a Church and Hospitall with all sumptuous Magnificence thence he went to Mount Althay to burie his vncle and father in law the Great Chan in whose State he succeeded He enriched Samarcand with the spoiles gotten in his warres and called the Temple which he there built the Temple of Salomon wherein he hanged vp Trophees and Monuments of his victories and caused all his battailes there to be ingrauen thereby said he to acknowledge the Goodnesse of GOD. His Religion was not pure Mahumetisme for he thought GOD was delighted with varietie of worships yet he hated Polytheisme and Idols onely one GOD he acknowledged and that with much deuotion after this manner Thus he beat downe all the Idols in China but honoured the Christians with great admiration at the strict life of some Votaries When Aly his Counsellour was dead he built a stately Tombe for him at Samarcand and caused prayers to be said three dayes for his soule Being neere his end hee blessed his two sonnes laying his hand on the head of Sautochio the elder and pressing it downe but lifting vp the chinne of Letrochio the younger as it were presaging vnto him the Empire although the elder were proclaimed But this Empire was too great and too suddenly erected to continue Of his successe and successors in Persia you
same discouery They landed in the Samogithians or Samoyeds Countrey and named a place because they there found Images carued of wood Idall nooke They gaue names to places long before discouered by the English as if they had beene the first founders They learned of certaine Muscouits that the Inhabitants of Noua Zemla had neither religion nor Ciuility prescribed them by any Law but worshipped the Sunne Moone and North-Starre and euery yeere offered vnto them sacrifices of Deere and other things On the nine and twentieth of August there arose a thicke fogge whereupon Oliuer Brunel which had beene three seuerall yeeres sent by the King of Denmarke for the discouery of Groenland reporteth that in 76. Degrees hee had often obserued such thicke fogges that some perished thereby These happened most commonly in October and Nouember The last of August they had speech with the Samoyeds they were of short stature scarsely foure foot high with long hayre broad faces great heads little eyes short and bow legges very swift clothed with beasts skins whereof the hayrie side was outward They know no God The Sunne whose presence they are long depriued of in the Winter which is recompensed in their nightlesse Summer is worshipped amongst them And when the Sunne is declining out of their sight the Moone or North-Starre is his receiuer or successour if you will in that tribute of their deuotions They haue besides many Idols rudely carued In times past they had no King but now they chuse one to that dignity They bury the dead and offer yeerely their sacrifices for them to the Sunne Moone and North-Starre of their Deere which they burne except the head and feet They eate the flesh of wild beasts eyther raw or dryed in the ayre which make them haue very vnsauory breath On the sixth of September two of them went on shore on the Continent of Moscouia and encountred with a Beare which killed one of them his crie brought in other of their fellowes which were also stragling about to his rescue but the Beare laid hold also vpon one of them and could not be driuen to forsake his prey till himselfe became a prey in recompence The two torne carkasses were there buried They tooke from one Beare which they killed an hundred pound of fat which serued them for their lamps the skinne was nine foot long and seuen wide In the yeere 1596. there were sent other two shippes to prosecute this Discouerie which on the fourth of Iune had sight of a triple Sunne attended and guarded with a double Rainbow one encompassing them the other crossing them ouerthwart After many dreadfull combats with the Ice and one of the ships departing from the other they were forced to winter in Noua Zemla where they built them a house to serue them for a fortification against the sauage Beares tempestuous stormes continuall snowes Ice and vnspeakeable cold and if worse may bee a worse then all these they endured a continuall night of many weekes wherein neither the Sun nor any of his courtly traine the least rayes to be the harbingers of his desired presence did present themselues to their eyes and the fire could scarcely preuaile against the insulting tyranny of the cold to warme them The Beares together with the Sun forsooke them but plentie of Foxes remained and with the Sun the Beares also returned sometime laying violent siege to their house From the fourth of Nouember till the seuen and twentieth of Ianuarie they saw no Sun Their Watch also or Clocke was by violence of the cold forced to stand still that they could not measure their times Thus did they waite in expectation of the Sunnes returne that they also not able futher to pursue the voyage might returne home which eleuen of them did in October following But seeing these North-easterne Seas are so frozen and vnpassable I will therefore in an inkie Sea finde an easier passage for the Reader with more both ease end securitie to the mightie Kingdome of China whereof wee are next to speake CHAP. XVIII Of the Kingdome of China §. I. Of the Names Prouinces Cities and situation thereof CHina is supposed of some to be that Countrey whose people of Ptolomey are called Sinae Some thinke them to bee the people mentioned by the Prophet Esai whereunto Iunius also inclineth The Arabians call them 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Tzinin and the Portugals first of all other because they could not pronounce it aright called them Chinians saith Ioseph Scaliger Pierre du Iarric saith that before that time in all the East they were called Chijs and the Inhabitants of Ceilan were called Chingales because they were mixed with the Chinois and Cinamom was of the Persians named Darchini that is wood of China as some thinke he addeth their opinion that deriue that name from the Chinian salutation in which they vse the word Chij Chij as a nickname therefore giuen them and others that thinke the Citie Chincheo gaue name to the whole Region but it were tedious to recite heere the seuerall opinions in this question And fitter it is to heare Ricius his iudgement who being sent into the Indies Anno 1578. after foure yeeres stay at Goa and Cochin was by the Iesuiticall Visitor employed for China in which he liued about eight and tweetie yeeres some of which he spent in Nanquin and other places but the ten last in Paquin the Royall Citie and Residence Hee out of his experience could best informe vs of China affaires and a little before his death which hapned the eleuenth of May 1610. writ certaine Commentaries of his obseruations which Trigautius another Chinian Iesuite hath since reuised and published protesting sincere truth in his Relations which hee saith many former Writers euen of their societie wanted in many things partly receiuing by heare-say of China-Merchants partly staying small time and but in the skirts of the countrey This I premise that none impute to mee a fault so much after so good intelligence to haue increased this History of China the most admirable this day in the world For the name he acknowledgeth Ptolomey his Sinae and the ancient Serica Regio to agree with this where the poorest are clothed in silke and whence other countries are therewith stored the inuentione whereof their Annals report 2600. yeeres before Christ But of all these names the Chinois know none whose custome is that when any new family attaineth the soueraigntie the Countrey receiueth with the new Lord new Lawes and a new Name So they write that it hath sometimes beene called Than which signifieth Broad after that Yu that is Rest next Hia or Great afterwards Sciam Adorned then Cheu which is Perfect Han the Milken way in Heauen with other names many But in the reigne of this family which is called CIV the Kingdome is stiled MIN which signifieth Brightnesse to which they adde TA calling it Tamin or Great Brightnesse Few of the
it selfe to the Portugall yoke And because we haue in this Chapter mentioned so many Wonders let this also haue place among if not aboue the rest which presently happened Whiles the Portugalls were busie in their Buildings a certaine Bengalan came to the Gouernour which had liued as hee affirmed three hundred thirtie fiue yeeres The old men of the Countrey testified That they had heard their Ancestors speake of his great age and himselfe had a sonne fourescore and tende yeeres old and not at all Booke-learned yet was a speaking Chronicle of those passed times His teeth had sometimes fallen out others growing in their places and his beard after it had beene very hoarie by degrees returned into his former blacknesse About an hundred yeeres before this time he had altered his Pagan Religion into the Arabian or Moorish For this his miraculous age the Sultans of Cambaya had allowed him a stipend to liue on the continuance of which he now sought and did obtaine of the Portugals Friar Ioano dos Santos cells a long story of one yet aliue Ann. 1605. of whom the Bishop of Cochin had sent men to inquire who by diligent search found that hee was then three hundred eightie yeeres old and had married eight times the father of many generations They say his teeth had thrice fallen out and thrice renewed his haire thrice hoary and as oft black againe Hee could tell of nineteene successiue Kings which reigned in Horan his Countrey in Bengala He was also borne a Gentile and after turned Moore and hoped he said to dye a Christian reioycing to see a picture of Saint Francis saying Such a man when he was twentie fiue yeeres old had foretold him this long life But to returne Mamudius successor to Badurius sought with all his forces to driue these new Lords out of Diu as Solyman had done before by a Nauie and Armie sent thither but both in vaine of which Wars Damianus à Goes hath written diuers Commentaries But this whole Countrey is now subiect to the Mogor It was in Alexanders time peopled by the Massani Sodrae or Sabracae Praestae and Sangadae as Ortelius hath placed them where Alexander as in diuers other places he had done erected a Citie of his owne name called Alexandria Daman another Key of this Bay and entrance of the Riuer Indus into the Sea fell to the Portugals share The Land of Cambaya is the fruitfullest in all India which causeth great traffique of Indians Portugals Persians Arabians Armenians c. The Guzarates or Cambayans are the subtillest Merchants in all those parts They haue amongst them many Histories of Darius and Alexander which sometime were Lords of this Indian Prouince The Portugals haue at diuers times conquered diuers of the chiefe Townes in this Kingdome some whereof they keepe still The women in Diu by Art dye their teeth black esteeming themselues so much the more beautifull and therefore go with their lips open to shew the blacknesse of their teeth drawing away the couer of their lips as if they were lip-lesse giuing the prize of Beautie to a double deformitie Blacknesse and a Mouth O Hellish wide When a Cambayan dyeth they burne his body and distribute the ashes vnto the foure Elements of which man consisteth part to the Fire part to the Ayre to the Water also and Earth their due portions as Balby hath obserued M. Patrike Copland Minister in the Dragon with Captaine Best writes that hee rode in this Countrey from Medhaphrabadh to Surat in a Coach drawne with Oxen which is the most ordinary though they haue goodly Horses He saw at once the goodliest Spring and Haruest that euer he had seene Fields joyning together whereof one was greene as a medow the other yellow as gold ready to be cut of Wheat and Rice All along goodly Villages full of trees yeelding Taddy the Palme of which after a new sweet Wine strengthning and fattening A Smith which loued his liquor said hee could wish no other wages but a pot of this Taddy alway at his girdle §. II. Of the Kingdomes of Decan OF the Decans we haue spoken before in the Mogol conquests Decan is the name of a Citie sixe leagues from which is a Hill out of which the Diamond is taken This Hill is kept with a Garrison and walled about Of the Decan Kingdomes Barros hath reported That about the yeere 1300. Sa Nosaradin reigned in Delly or Delin and inuaded the Kingdome of Canara which reacheth from the Riuer Bate North of Chaul vnto the Cape Comori and wonne much from the Ancestors of the King now termed of Bisnaga At his returne he left Habedsa his Lieutenant who added to the former Conquests gathering a Band of all mixtures Gentiles Moores Christians His sonne was confirmed in the Gouernment therefore called Decan and the people Decanins because of this confusion of so many Nations of which his Fathers and His forces consisted for Decanins signifies Bastards He shooke off alleageance to his Lord and acknowledged none Superiour Hee also much encreased his Dominions His name was Mamudsa Hee appointed eighteene Captaines or Commanders allotting to each seuerall Prouinces These Captaines hee made were but slaues that so hee might the easier hold them in subjection He commanded that each of them should build a Palace at Bedir his chiefe Citie and there reside certaine moneths in the yeere his sonne remayning there in perpetuall hostage These in processe of time grew fewer and therefore greater the King holding nothing but his Royall Citie all the Empire being in the hands of these slaues which when the Portugals came thither were no more but Sabay Niza-Malucco Madre Malucco Melic Verida Coge Mecadam the Abessine Eunuch and Cota Malucco The mightiest of them was Sabay Lord of Goa His sonne was Hidalcam Thus Barrius Garcias ab Horto writes That the Mogors had possessed the Kingdome of Delly but a certaine Bengalan rebelling against his Master slue him vsurped his State and by force of warre added this of Canara also to his Dominion he was called Xaholam This King made his sisters sonne his Successor who was much addicted to Forreiners He diuided his Kingdome into twelue parts or Prouinces ouer which he set so many Captaines Idalcam from Angidaua to Cifarda from thence to Negatona Nizamaluco Ouer Balaguate or the vp-hill Countrey for Bala in the Persian language signifieth The toppe and Guate a Hill Imadmaluco and Catalmaluco and Verido c. These all rebelled and captiued Daquem their King at Beder the chiefe Citie of Decan and shared his Kingdome amongst themselues and some Gentiles partners in the conspiracie They were all forreiners but Nizamaluco This and the other names before mentioned were Titles of Honour giuen them with their Offices by the King corrupted by the vulgar in pronouncing Idalcam is Adel-ham Adel in the Persian language signifieth Iustice Ham is the Tartarian appellation signifying a Prince or King which name might well
people of their money by many deuices as by selling them Scroles to keepe them by the Deuill from hurt of Deuils after death borrowing of money here to repay with great interest in the future World giuing the Creditor a Bill or Scroll of their hands for security by telling of things stolne or lost which they doe by Inchantments calling a Deuill into a child who being so possessed answereth their questions by selling their blessings and curses like Balaam Some by vow the most liue vnmarryed as the Bonzian women Another Sect called janambuxos before their admission into that Order liue two thousand or more together on a high Mountayne for the space of threescore dayes macerating themselues with selfe-inflicted penance the Deuill in diuers shapes meane-while appearing to them And after this they are receiued into that damnable Fellowship distinguished by white flockes hanging downe their neckes curled haire and blacke hats and so wander from place to place giuing notice of their comming by a little Bell. Another Sect called Genguis dwell on some high Hill blacke of complexion and as is supposed horned marrie Wiues of their owne kindred passe ouer great Riuers by the Deuils helpe who on a certaine Hill at times appointed appeareth to them of whom by the name of Amida he is worshipped In another Hill he was wont to appeare to his deuout followers whom then hee would lead as they thought to Paradise indeed to destruction They say that a Sonne not able to perswade his Father from this passage to Paradise secretly followed him with his Bow and Arrowes and when the Deuill appeared shot and wounded a Foxe whom he followed by the bloud to a Lake wherein he found many dead mens bones They haue another Vniuersity in Iapon called Coia whose Bonzian Students are of the Sect of Combendaxis supposed the Inuenter of the Iaponian Letters He in his old age digged a foure-square Caue into which hee conueyed himselfe affirming that hee then dyed not but after some Millions of yeeres would returne in the dayes of one Mirozu which then should be a most worthy King in Iapon About his Sepulchre burne many Lampes sent thither from diuers Nations with opinion that such as enrich that Monument shall themselues here be enriched and in the other life by Combendaxis patronized In the Colledges here liue sixe thousand of those Shauelings from whom women are restrayned vpon paine of death At Fatonochaiti the Bonzij trayned vp witty and proper youths in all trickes of subtlety and guile acquainting them with Genealogies of Princes that so they might counterfeit to bee the sonnes of such or such great men and borrowing money on that credit might enrich their wicked Colledge till the sleight being found they were killed of the Inhabitants There be that worship the Sunne and Moone who haue an Image with three heads which they say is the vertue of the Sunne Moone and Elements These worship the Deuill in visible shape appearing to them with many and costly Sacrifices Some Bonzij play the Physicians which burne certaine papers in which are written the sentences of Cam and Fotoch which papers being burnt they put the ashes in drinke and giue the same to cure diseases and with lyes to turne away lyes and fraudulent dealing Some hold Xacas booke in such veneration that without it they hold it impossible to bee saued Other Bonzij haue beene in other ages in high reputation of holinesse but one especially not a hundred yeeres since the author of the sect called Icoxos the Ruler or Generall of which sect is openly wicked but so adored of the people that if he but looke on them they will salute him with teares of ioy praying him that all their sinnes may bee pardoned and therewith giue him no small quantitie of their gold His yeerly festiuall is so honoured with thronging of the people that in the entrie of the Cloyster many are trodden vnder foot which yet is of the blinde people accounted a happinesse many willingly yeelding themselues to be killed in that presse And in the night whiles his prayses are sung there is a great howling and lamentation Nequiron was author of the sect Foquexan There is an Image or Colossus of Copper in the way from Ozaca to Sorungo called Dabis made hollow sitting vpon his heeles of huge greatnesse and yeelding a great sound if any hallow in the hollow thereof as some of Captaine Saris his companie did At Meaco he obserued one Temple as great as the body of Paules westward from the Quire with a stone roofe borne vp on as high pillars Hee saw an Idoll greater then the former reaching vp to the top of the arch That of Dabis was in their way to the pilgrimage of Tenchadema where Master Adams told him that hee had beene There they euery moneth present the Deuill with a new Virgin instructed by the Bonzij to aske him certayne questions which he in humane shape appearing answereth hauing the carnall vse of her body if some Bonzi make not the Deuill Cuckold as in our Egyptian Relations yee shall find of Tyrannus Some of their Bonzij professe a militarie discipline as the Knights of Malta The profession called Neugori was instituted by Cacubau who is therefore deified in which some intend their prayers whiles others fight and others performe their taske of making fiue arrowes a day Their gouernment is an Anarchie euery one obeying and commanding the meanest person amongst them hauing a Negatiue in all their consultations And nothing is agreed on till all be agreed In the night they often kill one another without remorse and yet such is their Religion this Sect holdeth it a sinne to kill a flye or any liuing thing Amongst the Bonzij there are two principall men which if vnder their hand-writing they giue their testimoniall to other of their Orders it is as conferring a Degree yea a kinde of Canonization For thence-forward they sit in a chaire and are adored and appoint to other Students their taskes of meditation One of these puffed vp with vanitie and arrogance professed to know what he was before he was borne and what should become of him after death Valentine Caruaglio in relating the death of some principall Nobles which withstood Daifusama the present Emperor speaks of a certaine Bonzi which neuer stirres out of doores but vpon such occasions who accompanied with many of his Sect after other hallowing ceremonies did giue them a certaine booke to kisse and laid it on their heads wherein they reposed much holinesse and worshipped it as a god but one of them named Augustine reiected him crying out hee was a Christian and therewith tooke out a picture of Queene Catharine of Portugall sister to Charles the fifth in which were also represented the holy Virgin and our Lord and with great reuerence laid it three times on his head and so resounding the names of Iesus and Maria was beheaded This I mention to let
with loftie Cedars and Pines watered with a goodly streame arched with a double row of pillars adorned with fiftie Lanternes on each side of solid metall couered with gold and curiously wrought which burne all night the large Monasterie of Bonzian Nunnes which being aboue fiue and fortie yeeres old deuote themselues to these holies the Qoire not to be entred by any but certaine Religious which there sit in garments of silke these with other like might tempt my pen to bee tedious And so might the Temple of Fachiman in the same Groue more costly and curious then the former and another without it consecrate to Dai which hath two giantly Porters of stone fourteene elles high fourescore and eighteene pillars of wonderfull height and three elles and a halfe in compasse it was built seuen hundred yeeres since and was twentie yeeres in building A Tower or Steeple of wood is borne vp with thirtie pillars in which did hang a brazen Bell the mouth whereof was two elles the compasse sixe the depth three and a halfe the thicknesse aboue thirteene inches There are many Deere and Doues consecrated to the Temple which goe into mens houses no man touching them Their walkes set with Orange Trees and other their rarities of Art and Nature they which would further learne let them resort to Almeida our Author One Temple is dedicated iust by to a Lizard which they make Author and Patron of learning without Altar or Image in it Hee that readeth of the huge workes of Taicosama holding sometime an hundred thousand workmen in labour at once may present to his imagination the incredible buildings which those Tyrants by so many slauish hands can raise Their busie wits appeare by their curious questions to Iohn Fernandus of the nature of the Soule of Angels and Deuils c. and some of them seeing the absurdities of the Bonzij worship nothing at all The Bonzij as the Iesuites report raysed slanderous rumours of them to be eaters of mens flesh and causes of the warres and plagues which their gods prouoked by this new Sect sent amongst them they slandered the new Conuerts as miserable Apostataes which became Christians because they would not be at the charges of their Idolatrie The Iesuites tell of a great woman possessed with a Deuill which said that he was a Foxe for some iniuries offered by the Maide thus dealing with the Mistresse There were in those parts store of Foxes multiplyed by their superstition not daring to hurt any notwithstanding their great harmes because forsooth they were the Deuils instruments to punish them Yet in this case the Wizard being consulted counsayled to take a Foxe without hurting him which with a trap was done and to giue him all kinde entertaynment with most delicate foode and vsage so to pacifie the Good-wifes angrie Daemon who yet like a Deuill with faire entreatie grew worse Hereupon another famous Wizard was called who writ a long scroll binding himselfe in the Deuill-Foxes name to free the woman subscribing with his bloud which scroll hee hanged on the Foxes necke before taken which being neatly trimmed and shauen by a Barber and painted as their women being of pale complexion vse was let goe and the Deuill intermitted his tortures awhile but after reiterating the same The womans husband caused all the Foxes thereabouts to bee slaine for this perfidiousnesse and a third Wizard cured the Mistresse by coniuring the Diuell into one of her Maides They are very curious and ambitious in setting foorth their Funerals thus briefely The friends assemble in their best array to the fire the women of his acquaintance goe forth in white raiment with partie coloured veyles on their heads and their Maidens attending their chiefe women are carried in Beds or Litters of Cedar After them follow the Men in sumptuous habite next comes the chiefe Bonzius of his Sect in his Pontificalibus carried in a costly Bed attended with thirtie other Bonzij in their Linnen vestments Then one in Ash-coloured garments for that is also a mourning colour with a long Torch lighted sheweth the Corpse the way to the fire followed with two hundred Bonzij singing to the Deitie which the dead had chiefely obserued others beate on a Bason till they come at the fire others carrie paper-baskets full of painted Flowers which they shake out by the way as a token that his soule is gone to Paradise Eight Bonzij draw Banners on the ground in which is written their Idols name tenne Lanternes with the same inscription are carried with lights burning Two follow with Torches vnlighted wherewith afterward they kindle the fire Many come after in Ash-coloured habite with three-square Caps on their heads with the name also of their Diuell therein written which name another beareth written in a Table with large letters of Gold After all these did you thinke you had lost him comes the Corpse sitting in a Bed in white borne by foure men his hands ioyned in a praying gesture His Children are next the eldest carrying a Torch to kindle the fire Lastly comes the multitudes with such Caps as wee spoke of After an houres hallowing their Holies by all this multitude and three times compassing about the inclosed square place in which besides tables for viands the fire is made the chiefe Bonzij in an vnknowne language mumbleth ouer an Hymne and lighting a Torch doth thrice brandish it about his head thereby signifying that the soule is without beginning or end and then casts it away Two of his Children take it vp and after a triple ceremonie the body being layd thereon kindle therewith the wood on which they hurle costly woods and Oyle and so burne the carkasse to ashes Which done the Children making incense adore their Father as now assumed to the heauenly societie and richly reward the Bonzij Next day they returne and put the reliques of this Corpse ashes and bones into a gilded vessell which is hanged in the house there to receiue like exequies and afterwards with no lesse ceremonie buried euery seuenth day and seuenth month and seuenth yeere his Children renuing their deuotions The poorer spend herein two or three hundred the rich as many thousand Ducats In the Obits of Great Persons the Lords and men of Ranke assemble themselues and are called euery man by name to doe honour to the Image of the deceased with incense as in sacrifices After so much wickednesse of men let vs adde somewhat of the admirable workes of God in Iapan §. VII Of the strange Earthquakes and Tempests in Iapan with some other Obseruations ON the two and twentieth day of Iuly in the yeere 1596. it rained Ashes round about Meaco couering the ground as if it had beene Snow Soone after it rained both there and in other places red sand and after that as it had beene womens haire And not long after followed an Earthquake that hurled downe Temples and Palaces wherein Taicosama had then newly employed night and
age Some ascend aboue the Moone to call some heauenly Constellation and Influence into this Consistorie of Nature and there will I leaue them yea I will send them further to Him that hath reserued many secrets of Nature to himselfe and hath willed vs to content our selues with things reuealed As for secret things both in Heauen and Earth they belong to the Lord our God whose holy Name be blessed for euer for that he hath reuealed to vs things most necessary both for body and soule in the things of this life and that which is to come His incomprehensible Vnitie which the Angels with couered faces in their Holy Holy Holy-Hymnes resound and Laude in Trinitie hath pleased in this varietie to diuersifie his workes all seruing one humane nature infinitely multiplied in persons exceedingly varied in accidents that we also might serue that One-most God that the tawnie Moore blacke Negro duskie Libyan Ash-coloured Indian Oliue-coloured American should with the whiter Europaean become one sheep-fold vnder one Great Sheepheard till this mortalitie being swallowed vp of life wee may all bee one as Hee and the Father are one and all this varietie swallowed vp into an ineffable vnity only the Language of Canaan bee heard onely the Fathers name written in their foreheads the Lambes song in their mouthes the victorious Palmes in their hands their long Robes being made white in the bloud of the Lambe whom they follow whither soeuer He goeth filling Heauen and Earth with their euerlasting Halleluiahs without any more distinction of Colour Nation Language Sexe Condition all may be One in him that is One and only blessed for euer Amen RELATIONS OF THE REGIONS AND RELIGIONS IN AFRICA OF AETHIOPIA AND THE AFRICAN ILANDS AND OF THEIR RELIGIONS THE SEVENTH BOOKE CHAP. I. Of Aethiopia Superior and the Antiquities thereof §. I. Of the name and diuision of Aethiopia OVt of Nubia we needed neither Palinurus helpe nor Charon to set vs on the Aethiopian Territory the Sea is farre distant and the Riuer Nilus which parteth them whether loth to mixe his fresh waters with the Seas saltnesse or fearing to fall downe those dreadfull Cataracts or dreading the multitude of Pits which the Egyptians make in his way to intrap him heere sheweth his vnwillingnesse to passe further forward and distracted with these passions hath almost lost his Channell diffusing himselfe in such lingering and heartlesse manner as Man and Beast dare here insult on his Waters and I also haue aduentured to take the aduantage of these shallowes and wade ouer into this anciently renowmed Aethiopia The name Aehiopia came from Aethiops the sonne of Vulcan before it had beene called Aetheria and after that Atlantia Lydiat deriueth Aethiopia of Ai and Thebets the Land of or beyond Thebais which was called Aegyptus Superior next to Aethiopia Chytraeus saith it is deriued of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 splendeo and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 visus of the Sunnes burning presence Two Aethiopia's are found in Africke as Plinie witnesseth out of Homer so ancient is the diuision the Easterne and Westerne And this partition is by some still followed as namely by Osorius Others diuide the same into the Asiatike and African Author hereof is Herodotus in his Pocyhimnia which reckoneth two sorts of Aethiopians in Xerxes huge Armie the Easterne mustered vnder the Indian Standards the other of Africa by themselues differing from the former in Language and their curled haire Eusebius mentioneth Aethiopians neere the Riuer Indus And to let passe Pausanias his search among the Seres or Philostratus at Ganges for some Asian Aethiopians the Scriptures seeme to mention an Aethiopia in Asia For Cush the sonne of Cham of whom Iosephus saith the Aethiopians called themselues and were called by others Chusaei was Author not onely of the Aethiopians in Africa but of many peoples of Arabia also in Asia as Moses relateth And hence perhaps it was that Miriam and Aaron contended with Moses for his Wife Zippora because she was an Aethiopian And yet was she a Midianite but called an Aethiopian in respect of the neighbour-hood which Midian had to Aethiopia Orientalis as Vatablus obserueth out of the Iewish Writers or for that Midian is also assigned to Aethiopia taken in a larger sense as saith Genebrard Iunius saith because the Midianites dwelt in that Region which was assigned to Cush Aethicus in his Cosmography affirmeth that Tygris burieth it selfe and runneth vnder ground in Aethiopia which Simlerus interpreteth of Arabia for otherwise Tygris washeth no part of Africa Saint Augustine affirmeth that the Region Northwards from the Red Sea and so euen to India was called Aethiopia Orientalis This distinction is still acknowledged by later Writers And therefore it is needlesse to fetch Moses a Wife out of Aethiopia beneath Egypt to interpret that place For so Iosephus as wee shall after see telleth of a Wife which Moses in his prosperitie before his flight married from thence This obseruation is very necessary because the Scriptures often mention Aethiopia when no part of Africa can be vnderstood as Genes 2.13 where one of the Riuers of Paradise is said to compasse the whole Land of Cush or Aethiopia And so in other places Cush or Aethiopia Learned Iunius obserueth that Cush is either a proper name as Genes 10. or common to the people that came of him it is also a name attributed to the three Arabia's to the two African Aethiopia's and to all the Southerne tract by the Persian Gulfe Leauing that Asian Aethiopia which already wee haue handled vnder other names wee will now proceed in our African iourney where we find in Ptolemie not so exact description thereof as in later Geographers being then in the greatest part vnknowne Maginus maketh Aethiopia to containe two of those seuen parts whereinto he diuideth Africa one of which he calleth Aethiopia Superior and Interior which for the most part is subiect vnto the Christian Prince called in Europe Priest or Prester Iohn the other Inferior and Exterior is all that Southerly part of Africa which was not knowne to the Ancients This doth not altogether agree with Homers diuision whose Geographie Strabo hath so largely trauersed and admired For how could Homer or any in his time attaine to the knowledge of those remote parts Neither yet may we reiect that renowmed Poet seeing this partition may serue vs now in the better discouerie of places where we may reckon all that to the Westerly Aethiopia which from Guinea stretcheth to the Cape of Good Hope and thence to the Red Sea Northwards to the Easterly Nilus and a line from the head thereof vnto the aforesaid Cape being the Arbiter in this diuision But to let passe this curiositie in caruing when all is like to be eaten we will begin at Aethiopia vnder Egypt and so take the Countries
doe it in which respect not onely a third part of the old World but another new-found World is now named India Therefore Acosta and Adrianus Turnebus esteeme India to be a generall name to all Countries which are farre off and strange to vs although it be properly attributed to the East Indies Now if any wonder at such an extrauagant discourse of India heere let him know that in our search for Presbyter Iohn which then was knowne to withstand the Tartars in Asia I cannot see how hee can bee the Abessine or Aethiopian but rather thinke that when a mightie Christian Prince was found in Aethiopia they did imagine him to bee that Presbiter Iohn of which they had heard in Asia being furthered in this errour by the name India which as is said did generally comprehend both the true India and this more truely called Ethiopia Now for that Presbiter Iohn in India I take him for some Christian King for at that time there were many Christians as appeareth by Venetus in manner dispersed throughout Asia and some called Saint Thomas Christians remaine in India to this day Why I thinke it not to agree to the Abissine my reasons besides the former are the distance of place all that huge tract of Arabia with the wide Seas on each side separating India from Ethiopia the vnpassable Desarts by Land No mention in Historie who should dispossesse them of that India Maior where the Tartar had neuer any great power the Histories which wee haue of those Indian Princes the Kings of Malabar of Decan the Samorin c. are against it the difference of Religion for those Indian Christians of Saint Thomas are not branded with hote Irons nor Circumcised nor agree in other Rites with the Ethiopian the Ethiopian Historie challengeth no such large extents to their Empire except in Africa where they seate them in a continuall descent from the time of Salomon till now whereas those Presbiter Iohns had their dwelling and abode in Asia as their Stories signifie And further the name Priest Iohn is a name vnknowne in Ethiopia and by ignorant mistaking of the Europaeans applied to that Ethiopian Emperour when first they heard of him as saith Zaga Zabo his Embassadour to the King of Portugall who reproueth the men of these parts saying that he is named of them Belul which signifieth Excellent or precious and in the Chaldean tongue Ioannes Encos which signifieth the same Sabellicus saith the Ethiopians called him Gyan Linschoten affirmeth Bel Gyan Bel signifieth the highest and Gyan Lord But Frier Luys out of Baltasar the Aethiopian sheweth that in the hill Amara are ancient records which testifie that from the time of that Queene that came to Salomon the Emperours haue beene called Beldigian the signification whereof is a precious Stone or a thing of great value which Title hath continued to those Emperours as Pharao to the Egyptians and Caesar to the Romanes Some also of the Royall bloud which are vsually kept as after shall appeare in the hill Amara when they are elected to the Empire if there bee many of that Imperiall issue take Orders and become Priests not procreating any Children Such saith hee in our times haue beene Daniel the second Paphnutius that succceeded to Naum and Alexander the third his successour all which were both Priests and Kings and therefore by the Ethiopians which resort to the Holy Sepulchre at Ierusalem and vsed to speake Greeke were called Priest Beldigian This by corruption of the name by Merchants and such as knew not the signification and also for breuities sake was pronounced Priest Gyan or Iohn Now for the Priest Iohn in Asia hee tels that when Saint Thomas was martyred in India the three Mags who had visited CRIST by the leading of a Starre in his Infancie and had after beene consecrated Bishops ouer their seuerall Kingdomes you must not deny their royaltie by the Apostle chose one amongst themselues to bee Priest and King who was called Priest Iohn If you beleeue not Peter de Natalibus out of whom the Frier cites this I should bee too much troubled in perswading you Hee telleth also out of Otho Frisingensis that about the yeere 1145. one Iohn a Christian both King and Priest reigning in the furthest parts of the East warred vpon and ouer-came the Medes Assyrians and Persians and had intended to free Ierusalem out of Saracenicall seruitude but not finding passage ouer Tigris was forced to returne This is like to bee that Presbyter Iohn whose posteritie vsed that stratageme before mentioned against the Tartars And to him I thinke might fitly agree that Title of Prestegian easily deflected and altered to Priest Iohn whereof you haue heard out of Ioseph Scaliger I haue seene a Manuscript in old French pretended to bee a Letter from Prester Iohn to the Emperour Frederike wherein is discoursed of the site greatnesse puissance wealth and other rarities of his estate but finding so many monsters and vncouth relations therein I could not bee so prodigall of faith or penurious of iudgement as to value his authoritie at any high rate wherein Sir Iohn Mandeuill seemes to haue beene a lender or borrower so iustly doe they agree in disagreeing from both probabilitie and possibilitie of truth yet both in the one and the other wee may obserue the like situation of Prester Iohns dwelling in these parts of Asia neere Persia and that such a multitude of fables could not but haue some truth for their ground My conclusion is That for that name of Prestegian I like well Scaligers interpretation and thinke that it may agree either to this or some other Christian Prince at those times in India which is farre neerer to Persia and from whence the Indians borrowed their Royall Titles both in those times and since as Garcias ab Horto and Linschoten shew Idalham or Adelham the Title of the King of Goa and the Countries about commonly called Idalcan is not a proper name but a Title of honour signifying as Adonizedek Iosh 10.1 Lord or King of Iustice Nisamaluco the speare of the Kingdome and such like Ismael the Sophi which name also is by some interpreted Elect because they pretended to bee or doe so and others the reprobate followers of a reprobate Religion added the Title of Xa or Sha to such as embraced his new Sect as Nisomoxa c. If the borrowing of names from the Persian language so generall in those parts bee still obserued no maruell if some Christian King in those times might stile himselfe Prestegian or Apostolicall which others not vnderstanding called Priest Iohn or Prete Ianni as being compassed with so many Saracens the enemies of the Apostles besides Heretikes and Heathens At Mosul is yet a Patriake who in Paulus time was of farre greater iurisdiction and as an Easterne Pope ordayned Archbishops and Bishops through all the parts of India besides Cairo and Baldach and therefore no
maruell if in India there were some great Christian Prince able to make a head against the Tartars in those times For euen in Cranganor are yet supposed to hee threescore and ten thousand Christians besides a great number in Negapatan and in Malipur and very many in Angamale and fifteene thousand on the North of Cochin where the Archbishop that dependeth on the Patriarke of Babylon or Mosul resided All which haue no communion with the Greeke Roman or Ethiopian Churches And for the Ethiopian names or crosses either their Merchants when their state was great or slaues which taken from them are euen in these times sold dearest of any other and mount to great preferments of warre vnder these Lords might leaue such impressions or some other which as they professed one Christ so might haue some wordes and ceremonies common with the Ethiopian although I must needes acknowledge that many of those crosses haue not crossed my way nor any other Ethiopian foot prints Pardon me gentle Reader if I seeme tedious in this dispute seeing it is necessarie both for the vnderstanding of the extent of the Power and Religion of this Precious or Priest Iohn and Scaliger hauing ascribed such large bounds to his Empire I could not but examine the same otherwise professing my selfe si non magis amica veritas euen willing if I must needs erre to erre with him who hath in many tongues and arts shewed himselfe perhaps the worthiest Generall and generallest Worthy against Error that euer wee haue had the Alpha of learned men in our Age as our learned Marton testifieth of him and a great light of learning acknowledged by Royall testimonie His authoritie I would not seeme to contemne and therefore haue entred this long search But Scaliger himselfe hath since altered his opinion in the last Edition of his Emendation in which these later Editions of this worke might haue excluded also this long dispute but that it may serue to illustrate both this and other parts of our Historie and therefore doe still suffer it to remayne HONDIVS his Map of the Abissine Empire ABISSINORUM REGNUÌ„ CHAP. IIII. Relations of the Aethiopian Empire collected out of ALVARES BERMVDESIVS and other Authors TO come now to the Aethiopian Greatnesse of this great Aethiopian his Title would be a sufficient Text for a more sufficient glosse then we can giue In a Letter to King Emanuel after diuers words concerning the Trinitie follow These Letters sendeth Atani Tinghill that is the Frankincense of the Virgin which was his name in Baptisme but at the beginning of his Raigne hee tooke to name Dauid the beloued of GOD Pillar of the Faith descended of the Tribe of Iuda Sonne of Dauid Sonne of Salomon Sonne of the Pillar of Sion Sonne of the seed of Iacob Sonne of the hand of Marie Sonne of Nahu according to the flesh Emperour of the Greater and Higher Aethiopia and of most large Kingdomes Territories and Iurisdictions the King of Xoa Caffate Fatigar Angote Baru Baaliganze Adea Vangue and Goiame where Nilus springeth Of Damaraa Vaguemedri Ambeaa Vagne Tigri-Mahon Of Sabaym the Countrey of the Queene of Saba of Barnagasso and Lord as farre as Nubia which confineth vpon Aegypt Heere are names enough to skarre a weake braine a great part whereof are now his as some say in Title onely For at this present if Barros and Botero bee beleeued his Neighbours haue much encroched vpon him as a little before we haue shewed a thing wholly denied by the later Relations of Frier Luys de Vrreta Yet seeing we are to trauell through all these Countreys we will leaue the question of dominion to him and his neighbours to try it with the sword Our pen shall peaceably point out the places and after that the conditions Barnagasso is the nighest to vs at least by the neere situation of the red Sea nighest to our knowledge It stretcheth from Suachen almost to the mouth of the Streyt and hath Abagni or Astapus on the South It hath no other Port on the red Sea but Ercocco Neither hath the Prete any other Port but this in all his Dominion being Land-locked on all sides Anno 1558. The Turks committed heere great spoile They haue since taken from the Prete all on the Sea side and specially that Port of Ercocco and the other of Suachen or Suaquem and forced the Gouernour or vnder-King of this Prouince to compound for a yeerely summe of a thousand ounces of Gold besides his Tribute to the Ethiopian To him are also subiect the Gouernmenrs of Dafila and Canfila And the Turke hath a Basla at Suaquem called by Ptolomey Sebasticum Tigri-Mahon lyeth betweene Nilus Marabo two Riuers Angote and the Sea Tigrai hath in it Cazumo which is supposed the Seat-Royall of that great Queen which visited Salomon Angote is between Tigre-Mahon Amara Heere in Amara is a steepe Hil dilating it selfe in a round forme many dayes iourny in compasse enuironing with the steepe sides and impassible tops thereof many fruitfull and pleasant Vallies wherein the kindred of the Prete are surely kept for the auoiding of all tumults and seditions Xoa hath store of corne and cattell Goiame hath plenty of Gold as Baguamedri hath siluer In Fatigar is a Lake on the top of a high mountaine twelue miles compasse abounding with great varietie of fish and thence runne many Riuers stored with the same fish Damne is ennobled with slauerie For the slaues that are hence caried captiues in Arabia Persia and Egypt proue good souldiers The greater part of this Kingdome are Gentiles and the residue Christians The Oxen as Bermudez relateth are almost as great as Elephants their hornes very great and serue for vessels to carie and keepe Wine and Water as Barrels or Tankerds There is found also a kinde of Vnicorne wilde and fierce fashioned like a horse of the bignesse of an Asse Neere hereunto he addeth a Prouince of Amazons whose Queene knoweth no man and is honoured as a goddesse they say they were first instituted by the Queene of Saba both like true as that which followeth of Griffons the Phoenix and fowles so bigge that they make a shaddow like a cloud Couche is subiect to Damur they are Gentiles The Prince called Axgugce that is Lord of riches he shewed vs saith Bermudez a Mountaine glistering in some places like the Sun saying all that was gold More gold is said there to be then in Peru or in these parts iron The head of the Monasteries of Amara Christned him Gradeus the Emperour being his God-father and named him Andrew Gueguere was sometimes called Meroe the Inhabitants are confederate with the Turkes and Moores against the Abissines Dancali and Dobas are neere the red Sea inhabited with Moores Many of these Countreys are diuersly placed by diuers through ignorance of the exact situations which Aluarez in his so many yeares trauell in those parts might well haue
Congo that they build their Houses with Lime and Stone and for their fashions and qualities may be compared with the Portugals This seemeth to be in Goiame where the Abassine entitleth himselfe King and in his title as before you haue read cals it the Fountayne of Nilus which Aluares also mentioneth that Peter Conilian saw He affirmeth That there are Iewes about those parts which perhaps are the people that the Anzichi speake of From this second Lake in Goiame the Riuer which is there called Gihon passeth through the Pretes Dominion to Meroe and so to Egypt as elsewhere is shewed In these two great Lakes are diuers Ilands that we speake not of the Tritons and other I know not what Monsters there reported to be found The Lake Zembre yeeldeth not Nilus alone but Zaire a farre more spacious Riuer in widenesse and more violent in force then Nilus or any other Riuer in Africa Europe or Asia of which wee lately related And besides her Northerne and Westerne Tributes carried by those two Riuers to the Mediterranean and Ocean Seas shee sendeth her great streames of Magnice Coaua and Cuama into the inner or Easterne Ocean Magnice springing out of Zembre receiueth in his Voyage to the Sea three other Riuers Nagoa called Saint Christophers and Margues which both spring out of the Mountaynes of the Moone by the people there called Toroa the third is Arroe which besides his waters payeth to Neptune which neyther needs nor heeds it a great quantity of Gold which it washeth from the Mountaynes of Monomotapa a Countrey extending it selfe betweene Magnice and Cuama whose seuen mouthes seeke to swallow vp many Ilands which they hold in their jawes but through greedinesse lose that which greedinesse makes them seeke not able to swallow so great morsels which therefore remayne and are inhabited with Pagans Boterus sayth That this Riuer runs out of that Lake a great space in one Channell and then is diuided into two the one called Spirito Sancto running into the Sea vnder the Cape Couenti the other Cuama receiueth the Riuers Panami Luangua Arruia Mangiono Inadire Ruina and is sayled more then seuen hundred miles Coaua is also a great Riuer The Inhabitants within Land about these Riuers are as you haue heard Pagans and rude people Let me now haue leaue to conuey my selfe downe this Riuer Coaua into the Ocean and there take view of the many Ilands with which Nature hath adorned this African World as with many Brooches and Iewels set and hanged about the fringes of her garments and first learning what we can of the Ilands in and from the Red Sea hither we will in some Portugall Carricke sayle round about the African Coast and acquaint you with what we shall find worthiest obseruation and then not willing as yet to set foot in Lisbone as we meete with the Fleet of Spaine sayling to the New-found World will passe with them for further Discoueries For to goe into the Mediterranean to discouer the African Ilands there will scarce be worth the while To heare a little of those few may content vs Thus Authors haue written of the Riuers which they nâ—uer saw but Iohn des Santos a Portugall Frier which liued many yeeres in those parts hath giuen a fuller description of the Riuers and Coasts in those Easterne shores of Afrike By whose narration it appeareth that Cuama and Nilus come not out of one and the same Lake for Cuama ouerfloweth in March and Apill not as Nilus in Iuly and August and makes the Countrey at that time sickly and driueth the wild beasts to the higher parts where Lions Tygres Elephants Merus a kind of horned Asses Ounces Rhinocerotes Buffals wilde Kine and Swine and Horses and Dogs Zeuras other creatures of those parts are assembled in a peaceable Parliament by the Riuers forceable summons which so aweth them that as somtime in Noahs Arke they forget their preying nature and quietly expect their dismission with that of the waters Riuer horses there abound and Crocodiles other strange Beasts Birds Fishes and Wormes they haue with Manna and other naturall rarities touching which I referre the Reader to the second part of my Pilgrimes where the Relations of Santos and Iobson will entertayne him frankly Santos also will there acquaint you with the description of the Riuers Countrey Mynes and people of those parts their Kingdomes Warres Customes Politike Oeconomike and Religious the Portugall Forts of Sofala Sena Tete and the Marts of Massapa Luanze Manzono the strange Rites of the Kings of Monomotapa Quiteue Sedanda and their Neighbours The Quiteue is King of Sofala and on that side of Cuama hath about 100. women amongst which his Ants Sisters Daughters whom he carnally vseth which incest to a subiect were death when he dyeth the Successor is he to whom those women giue peaceable and quiet possession of the Kings House and themselues No force is made nor subiection yeelded vpon forced possession The King thus by them receiued is not only admitted of the rest but adored yea they aske of him raine seasonable Haruest and all things they need not without great Presents He hath his Oracle-consultations with the Deuill and euery yeere on the Obit day of the former King the Deuill then entring into some one of the Assembly and giuing answers Euery New Moone is a holy day and the Musimos or Feast dayes which the Quiteue appoints by Proclamation which they obserue without working They otherwise worship no God nor haue any Idoll Image or Temple Priest or Sacrifice They call the Quiteue by prodigious titles Lord of the Sunne and Moone and especially entitle him in all things Great as great Thiefe great Witch none else are permitted to bee Witches great Lion c. good or bad so as Great be the Epithet The name Quiteue is common to all their Kings successiuely in that Countrey and to the Countrey it selfe Their Oathes by Poyson licking of hote Iron c. and other strange customes you shall find in the place aforesaid CHAP. XI Of the Seas and Ilands about Africa the Ancient and Moderne Obseruations Nauigations and Discoueries §. I. Of the Red Sea and why it is so called AFter this long and tedious journey ouer Land where the steepe and snowie Mountaynes the myrie and vnwholesome Vallies the vnpassable Wildernesses swift Riuers still Lakes thicke Woods and varietie of the Continent-obseruations haue thus long whiled vs let vs now by a swifter course take view of the African Seas and those Ilands which they hold alway besieged but neuer conquer In the first place presents it selfe to our Discouery that Sea which separateth after the Moderne reckoning Africa and Asia asunder This is called the Red Sea which name sayth Plinie the Graecians call Erythraeum this word signifieth Red and is ascribed by some to a King named Erythras whom Postellus and some others thinke to be Esau or Edom which the like signification of his name
Medowes Fish and other things all very white which were the signes their God had giuen them of their promised Land In the night following Vitzliputzli appeared in a dreame to an ancient Priest saying That they should goe seeke out a Tunall in the Lake which grew out of a stone vpon which they should see an Eagle feeding on small Birds which they should hold for the place where their City should be built to become famous through the world Hereupon the next day they all assembled and diuiding themselues into bands made that search with great diligence and deuotion In their search they met with the former Water-course not white as it was then but red like bloud diuiding it selfe into two streames one of which was an obscure Azure At last they espied the Eagle with wings displayed toward the Sunne compassed about with many rich feathers of diuers colours and holding in his Tallons a goodly Bird. At this sight they fell on their knees and worshipped the Eagle with great demonstrations of ioy and thankes to Vitzliputzli For this cause they called the Citie which there they founded Tenoxtiltan which signifies Tunal on a stone and till this day carry in their Armes an Eagle vpon a Tunal with a bird in his Tallon The next day following by common consent they made an Heremitage adioyning to the Tunal of the Eagle that the Arke of their God might rest there till they might haue meanes to build him a sumptuous Temple This they made of Flagges and Turfes couered with Straw Afterwards they consulted to buy of their neighbours Stone Timber Lime in exchange of Fish Fowles Frogges and other things which they hunted for in the Lake by which meanes they procuring necessaries built a Chappell of Lime and Stone and laboured to fill vp part of the Lake with rubbish The Idoll commanded that they should diuide themselues into foure principall quarters about this house and each part build therein to which he enioyned certaine Gods to his appointment called Calpultecco which is Quarter Gods This was the beginning of Mexico §. II. The Historie of eight of their first Kings THis diuision seemed not equall to some of the Ancients who valued their deserts farre aboue their allotted portion who therefore separated themselues and went to Tlatedulco whose practices against the Mexicans caused them to chuse a King to which Soueraigntie was chosed Acamapitzli Nephew to the King of Culhuacan and of the Mexican bloud by the Fathers side Him by Embassage they demanded and obtained in the name of their God with this answere from the King of Culhuacan Let my Grand-child goe to serue your God and be his Lieutenant to rule and gouerne his Creatures by whom we liue who is the Lord of Night Day and Windes Let him goe and bee Lord of the Water and Land and possesse the Mexican Nations c. Hee was solemnely welcommed by the Mexicans welcome thou art saith an Orator vnto him in their name to this poore House and City amongst the Weedes and Mud where thy poore Fathers Grand-fathers and Kinsfolkes endure what it pleaseth the Lord of things created Remember Lord thou commest to bee our defence and to bee the resemblance of Vitzliputzli not to rest thy selfe but to endure a new charge with many words to that effect expressed in the Mexican Histories reserued by tradition the children to that end learning them by heart and these being as Presidents to them which learned the Art Oratorie After this they were sworne and hee crowned The Crowne was like that of the Dukes of Venice His name Acamapitzly signifieth a handfull of Reedes and therefore they carrie in their Armories a hand holding many Arrowes of Reedes The Mexicans at this time were tributaries to the Tapanecans whose chiefe Citie was Azcapuzalco who iudging according to the nature of Enuie and Suspition that they were so much weaker how much the stronger they saw their neighbours thought to oppresse them by a strange policie in imposing an vncouth and in shew impossible tribute which was that they should bring the Tapunecan King a Garden planted and growing in the water In this their distresse Vitzliputzli taught them to doe it by casting earth vpon Reedes and Grasse laid in the Lake and planting in this mouing Garden Maiz Figs Gourds and other things which at the time appointed they carried growing and ripe a thing often since proued in that Lake emulous no lesse of that glorie to be accounted one of the Wonders in that New World then those pensill Gardens towred vp in the Ayre at Babylon both heere and there the reason of Man according to his naturall priuiledge subiecting to his vse the most rebellious Elements of Ayre and Water Acamapitzli the Mexican King after he had raigned fortie yeeres dyed leauing it to their choice to chuse his Successor They chose his Sonne Vitzilovitli which signifieth a rich Feather they anointed him with an Oyntment which they call Diuine being the same wherewith they anointed their Idoll Of their Coronation thus Lopez de Gomara saith that this was done by the High Priest attired in his Pontificalibus attended with many others in Surplices the Oyntment was as blacke as Inke They blessed him and sprinkled him foure times with Holy-Water made at the time of the Consecration of their God Then they put vpon his head a Cloth painted with the bones and skuls of dead men clothed him with a blacke garment and vpon that a blue both painted with figures of skuls and bones Then did they hang on him Laces and bottles of Powders whereby he was deliuered from diseases and Witchcrafts Then did he offer Incense to Vitzliputzli and the High Priest tooke his Oath for the maintenance of their Religion to maintayne Iustice and the Lawes to cause the Sunne to giue his light and the Clouds to raine and the earth to be fruitfull c Lastly followed the acclamations of the people crying God saue the King with dances c. He being crowned and hauing receiued homage of his Subiects obtained the King of Azcapuzalco his daughter to wife by whom he had a sonne called Chimalpopoca and procured a relaxation of Tribute from his father in Law Hee was deuout in his Superstitions hauing raigned thirteene yeeres he dyed His son then but ten yeeres old was chosen in his roome but was soone after slaine by the Inhabitants of Azcapuzalco The Mexicans inraged with this iniury assembled themselues and an Orator among many other words tels them That the Sunne is eclipsed and darkened for a time but will returne suddenly in the choice of another King They agreed vpon Izcoalt which signifieth a Snake of Rsors the sonne of Acamapixtli their first King The common people were earnest with this new King for peace with the Tapanecans for the obtaining whereof they would carry their God in his Litter for an intercessor This was hindered by Tlacaellec the Kings Nephew a resolute and valiant
of his Horse wherof hee dyed and asked where hee was most pained sayd in his Soule as guilty to himselfe of his former cruelties and couetousnesse This is the profit of vnsanctified and ill-sanctified Gold the one whereof we see in these Peruuian Temples thus spoyled by the Spaniards who in the other respect were more spoyled by this spoyle and purchase What golden dayes these were to the Spaniards this History in diuers places sheweth From one Palace of Cusco sayth Xeres they tooke seuen hundred plates of Gold each whereof weighed fiue hundred Castlins from another House the weight of two hundred thousand Two Houses of Gold hee speakes of the very thatch being counterfeit in Gold the strawes with the eares artificially wrought But euery where are these Relations wrought and embrodered with Cusco Gold Aluarados Armie which he brought into Peru had perished as Cieza relateth with drought but for certaine Canes as bigge as a mans legge which betweene the knots contayned a pottle of water extracted from the dewes for there fell no raine in those parts Giraua sayth that the Inhabitants of Anzerma were in their Warres armed with complete Harnesse of Gold and that about Quito there were Mynes whence more Gold was taken then Earth I tye no mans credit to these reports but sure it is that they had these Metals in abundance which the Spanish warres haue made our European World to feele more managed and mayntayned by Indian wedges then Spanish Blades But let vs come from their Mynes to their Minds which for heauenly things were as ful of drosse as the other were of purer Metals CHAP. X. Of the many Gods of Peru their opinions of the Creation Floud and end of the World §. I. Of their Gods THe Peruuians acknowledged a Supreme Lord and Authour of all things which they called Viracocha and gaue him names of great excellencie as Pachacamas or Pachayachachis which is the Creator of Heauen and Earth and Vsapu that is admirable and other the like Him they did worship as the chiefest of all and honoured him in beholding the Heauens Yet had they no proper name for God no more then the Mexicans but such as in this sort might signifie him by his attributes or workes and therefore are forced to vse the Spanish name Dios In the name of Pachacamac or Creator they had a rich Temple erected to him wherein they worshipped notwithstanding the Deuill and certaine figures The name of Viracocha was of the greatest sound in their deuotions and so they called the Spaniards esteeming them the Sonnes of Heauen Benzo alledgeth another cause of that name giuen to the Spaniards It signifieth saith he the froth of the Sea Vira is froth Cochie the Sea because they thought them ingendred of Sea froth and nourished therewith in regard of their couetousnesse and crueltie deuouring all things applying that name to them in respect of their wicked practices and not for Diuine Originall Yea they curse the Sea which sent such a cursed brood into the Land The Spaniards came thither by Sea as you haue heard If I sayth Benzo asked any of them for any Christian by that Title they would neyther looke on me nor answere but if I enquired for them by the name of Viracochie they would presently make answere And there would the Father point to the child goes a Viracochi In this they agreed with the ancient Grecian Ethnikes which termed the most inhumane Monsters of humanitie and the cruellest Tyrants the Sonnes of Neptune as procreated of the Sea Such were Procrustes Polyphemus and others To reconcile these two wholly is impossible not so to shew some reason why the same name might bee giuen both to their Idoll and the Spaniards These might bee so termed as comming thither at first by Sea and haply because at the first they thought somewhat more then humane to be in them and that which at first they gaue for honour may now bee continued in an Ironie or Antiphrasis whiles they thought them better then Men and found them little inferiour to Deuils Viracocha their great Authour of Nature may bee called by this Sea name for some especiall Sea Rites obserued in his honour or for the same cause that the Mythologians ascribe to Venus her Sea-generation For they pictured Venus swimming on the Sea as Albricus affirmeth and the Poet singeth Venus Orta Mari which the Mythologians apply to the motion and moysture required to generation and to that frothy nature of the Sperme So sayth Phornutus Venus è Mari nata perhibetur quòd ad omnium generationis causam motu humiditate opus sit Et fortè quòd spumosa sint animantium semina therefore sayth Fulgentius she is called Aphrodite for Aphros is Froth and so is Lust in regard of the vanitie and so is Seed in regard of naturall qualitie Perhaps also the first Master of Viracochas Mysteries which taught them first in Peru came thither by Sea But to returne to Acosta he telleth that the Ingua Yupangui to make himselfe more respected deuised that being one day alone Viracocha the Creator spake to him complayning that though hee were vniuersall Lord and Creator of all things and had made the Heauen the Sunne the World and Men and ruled all yet they did not yeeld him due obedience but did equally honour the Sunne Thunder Earth and other things giuing him to vnderstand that in Heauen where hee was they called him Viracocha Pachayachachia which signifieth vniuersall Creator promising also that hee would send men inuisibly to assist him against the Changuas who had lately defeated his Brother Vnder this colour he assembled a mightie Armie and ouerthrew the Changuas and from that time commanded that Viracocha should be held for vniuersall Lord and that the Images of the Sunne and Thunder should doe him reuerence And thenceforth they set his Image highest yet did he not dedicate any thing to him saying that hee being Lord of all had no need As for those inuisible Souldiers a conceit like that which wee haue mentioned of the Turkes he said that no man might see them but himselfe and since they were conuerted into stones and in that regard gathered a multitude of stones in the Mountaynes and placed them for Idols sacrificing them He called them Pururaucas and carried them to the warres with great deuotion making his Souldiers beleeue that they had gotten the victory through their helpe And by this meanes he obtayned goodly victories Next to Viracocha they worshipped the Sunne and after him the Thunder which they called by three names Chuquilla Catuilla and Intijllapa supposing it to be a man in Heauen with a Sling and a Mace in whose power it is to cause Raine Haile Thunder and other effects of the ayrie Region This Guaca so they called both their Idols and Temples was Generall to all the Indians of Peru and in Cusco they sacrificed to
or 298. dayes Abdulmelic was inaugurated the same day holding the Mushaf in his bosome The same sixty fifth yeere he enlarged the Temple at Ierusalem and men began to goe thither in Pilgrimage and hee forbade Pilgrimage to Mecca because of Abdalla Sonne of Zubeir Hee would haue perswaded the Christians of Damascus to yeeld him the house next the Cathedrall Church but they shewed the Charter of Walid whereupon he offered them much money and liberty to build another like it where they would but they refused he left them A. 66. arose Muchtar Sonne of Abuobeid at Cufa requiring the bloud of Husein to whom the Citizens sware and besieged Obeidalla who obtayned security of Muchtar pretending that hee would call to the Empire Muhammed Sonne of Hanifa of happy memory intending indeed to draw it to himselfe hauing before done much spoyle on the Citizens The same yeere the horsemen of Muchtar and Obeidalla had a cruell battell and Obeidallas men ranne away Then Muchtar sent to Ainwerd seuen thousand horse vnder Ibrahim against Obeidalla after whose departure the people of Cufa mutined against Muchtar and had well neere slaine him insomuch that he sent backe for Ibrahim who set vpon them with his Army and slue two hundred and fifty of them which had warred vpon Husein and persecuted the rest with death and exile The same yeere Abdalla Sonne of Zubeir cast Muhammed Sonne of Hanifa with seuenteene of his house into Prison and threatned to put them to death except they sware to him in such a space Muhammed meane while sent to Muchtar who sent him 150. horsemen which entred Mecca crying reuenge of Husein and came to the Well Zemzem They brake the Prison and brought forth Muhammed and receiued new supplies from Muchtar and terrified the Sonne of Zubeir whom Muhammeds company being foure thousand would haue assaulted but hee permitted them not An. 67. Muchtar sent Ibrahim with seuenty thousand against Obeidalla which slue 10300. of Obeidallas men and tooke Singiar Nasibin and Dara Masab Son of Zubeir in his brothers name Gouernour of Basra went that yeere with a great Army to Cufa against Muchtar and after a great battell put him to flight and destroyed him and his in the moneth Ramadan Masab hauing thus obayned Irac inuited Ibrahim to obedience which hee performed Hee set Mahleb Sonne of Abusafia ouer Mausil Mesopotamia Aderbigiana and Armenia An. 68. the Azrakaeans came out of Persia into Irac a Charisaean Nation entred Medaijn tooke Ahwaz and the Countrey subiect to it But Masab sent Mahleb which slue many of them and after that Omar which fought with them at Naisabur and ouerthrew them and they went backe to Isfahan and to Carmania whence with encreased forces they returned but were forced backe by Omar hauing before slaine the women and children Anno 69. Abdulmelic Sonne of Merwan went from Damascus to make warre vpon Abdalla Sonne of Zubeir and substituted Omar Sonne of Saad at Damascus in his place which presently rebelled and fortified himselfe whereupon Abdulmelic returned and besieged Damascus Omar sent to him and obtayned security but when he came to him he slue him and quieted his partakers with distribution of money Anno 71. Masab was slaine by Abdulmelic in battell and he entred Cufa and his Empire was established in Irac Syria and Egypt only Higiaz remayned in the hand of Abdalla Sonne of Zubeir whom Hagiagi Son of Ioseph soone after besieged and slue at Mecca which hee also tooke after seuen moneths siege and battered Caab the fortification of Abdalla with Engines and threw into it balls of Pitch and fire to destroy the houses When Abdalla feared the house or Temple lest it should fall he entred his owne house his mother encouraged him to goe forth if hee died he should die a Martyr he answered O mother I feare not death but dismembring A sheepe said she when shee is killed feeleth not the flaying Hee is said to haue drunke a pound of Muske and then going forth to be slaine and his head fastned on the gate and his crucified body smelled of Muske many dayes The same yeere Abdulmelic made his brother Muhammed Sonne of Merwan Gouernour of Aderbigiana Mesopotamia and Armenia who sent a hundred thousand against the Harari which were all slaine Muhammed much mooued went with forty thousand and ouerthrew the Harari and burned them in their Temples He sent also Muslima to the Gate of Gates where he besieged eighty thousand Harari of whom he slue many and the rest beleeued The Azrakeans did and suffered much harme and change Anno. 74. Hagiagi was made Gouernour of Medina who went to Mecca and destroyed all the fortification of Caab and Anno 75. was set ouer Irac He came to Cufa and sent helpe to Mahleb against the Azrakeans and chased them Anno 76. Salih Sonne of Margi and Siabib Charisaeans conspired Salih was called Emperour of the faithfull by his followers They spoyled Mesopotamia and increased in power and often ouerthrew the Armies of Hagiagi hauing but small forces With a thousand hee went to Cufa and ouerthrew Hagiagi which came against him with fiftie thousand and had the spoyle of his Tents But in a Sea fight Sahibs ship sunke and he said When God disposeth any thing it commeth to passe and rising againe out of the water he said This is the power of the strong and wise God He was drawne out with Nets and his head sent to Hagiagi his heart they cut in sunder and found it hard and compact like a stone Mahleb went against the Azrakaeans which withstood Catris their Gouernour and slue many of them Catris fled to Tabristan whose King was Ashid a Magus that is of the old Persian Religion and obtained leaue to enter his countrey which hauing obtained and setled his affaires hee sent to Ashid demanding that either he would embrace Islamisme or pay tribute which he refused Whereupon he made warre on him and chased Ashid to Raija who got helpe of the Muslims and Catris was slaine The same yeere Coines of Gold and Staters were stamped with Arabike Letters for before the Letters were Roman and the Staters also Persian the inscription was God is the Lord Anno 81. Muhammed Son of Hanifa of happy memory died But many of the vulgar beleeue that he still liueth in the Mount Radwa and will one day appeare and fill the Earth with Iustice as it is now filled with iniquity Of this Sect was D. Hamiraeus which after met with a true man who instructed him of the vanity thereof Anno 82. Hagiagi had sent Abdurrahman Sonne of Muhammed against Zentil King of Turkes with a small power secretly animating the Turke against him purposing to destroy him which he reuealed to his followers who thereupon deposed Hagiagi and sware to him He compounded with the Turke and returned to warre on Hagiagi Hee obtained aide of Ahdulmelic out of Syria Basra and Cufa sware to
men to him to whom hee was very liberall His Sonne Saududdaulas succeeded Muazzuddaulas dyed at Bagdad hauing ruled in Irac one and twentie yeeres His Sonne Bachtiar Azuddaulas succeeded in his place but not his fulnesse of power An. 358. Cafur died dyed His Court was frequented with learned men and Poets Ali Sonne of Muhammed Sonne of Achsijd reigned after him The same yeere Gheubar Seruant of Muaz Lidinilla Lord of Cairawan came with an Army into Egypt and caused the people to sweare Allegeance to Muaz And thenceforward in Egypt the publike Prayer ceassed in the name of the Abbasides til Ioseph Sallahuddine the Iobide of happie memory restored it This Gheubar builded Alcahir for his Souldiers and an Imperiall Palace and commanded all his Commanders and Souldiers to build each of them a house therein An. 362. Muaz entred Egypt Alcahir was so called viz. Compeller because it was builded in the horoscope of Mars which compelleth the World The same yeere Mutius Lilla was deposed Sebertekin the Turke hauing gotten Bagdad after hee had enioyed the place nine and twenty yeeres foure moneths and one and twenty dayes Hee was Religious frequent in Prayers and Almes honourable and sincere but hauing nothing in Irac and Persia but the title In other Regions others ruled as there the Sonnes of Boia Anno 334. so great a Famine had beene in Bagdad that women rosted children which therefore were throwne into Tigris An. 343. the King of Nubia inuaded as farre as Vswan but the Egyptian Army draue them backe and slue and took many of them and the Muslims tooke a Castle of theirs called Riwa Abdulkerim Abubecr Taius Lilla Sonne of Mutius was made Chalif on the day of his Fathers deposition An. 363. he presently vested Seberteken and set him ouer his Palace He in the yeere 364. tooke Father and Sonne with him to warre against Azzuddaulas Sonne of Boia where he and Mutius dyed and the Turkes made Astekin the Seruant of Muazzedaulas Emperour who went with Taius and besieged Wasit Abutzalab Vddacuddaulas at the same time entred Bagdad and carried himselfe as King whither Taius followed him Adaduddaulas helped his Cousin Azzuddaulas and came out of Persia to Wasit and draue away the Turkes and pursued them to Bagdad and humbled himselfe before Taius and kissed his hand then tooke his Cousin Azzuddaulas but vpon Rucnuddaulas his Fathers command restored him swearing him to make him his Lieutenant in Irac and not to contrary him nor his father Rucnuddaulas after which he returned into Persia Aftekin ruled at Damascus Limisees a Commander of the Romans tooke Emissa and Balaber and forced Damascus to buy their Peace but was soone after poisoned by Basilius and Constantine An. 365. Muaz dyed in whose Reigne ouer Egypt the Wife of Achsijd complained to him of a Iew which denyed the receit of a precious garment full set with Precious Stones she hauing offered all the rest if he would giue her but one sleeue Hee sent for the Iew which still denyed and he searching his house found it and restored it whole to the woman He being giuen to Astrologie had hidden himselfe vpon an Astrologers counsell a yeere in a vault the People imagining meane while that hee had beene taken vp into Heauen He soone after his comming forth dyed and his Sonne Barar Abulmansor Aziz Billa succeeded but Gheuhar administred the Empire Hasen Abuali Rucnuddaulas distributed his Kingdomes to his three Sonnes to Adaduddaulas Persia Argian and Carmania to Muaijdduddaulas Raija and Istahan and to Abulhasen Fachruddaulas Hamedan Dainawar taking Oaths of them for mutuall confederacy Hee dyed Anno 366 being ninetie nine yeeres old and hauing reigned foure and fortie yeeres one moneth and nine dayes Adaduddaulas went against Azzudaulas ouerthrew him and possessed Bagdad An. 367. the Chalifa vested and crowned him gaue him a chaine and declared him Lord gaue him two banners and set him ouer his Palace Hee crucified Ali the Counsellour of Azzuddaulas of whom a Poet made a rare Epitaph Exalted thou in life and death a miracle indeed Enuiron'd as when Prayer-dayes thou whilome didst areed Thou stretchedst forth as 't were with gifts thy hands which dying bleed Earths belly all too narrow is thy greatnesse to contayne Ayre yeelds close graue the Clouds thy shrouds and winding sheet remayne Azzuddaulas got helpe of Abutzalab but was in a great battell slaine by Adaduddaulas He was a strong man and with his hands had prostrated a Bull without other helpes he would also goe to fight with Lions and hunted them Anno 368. Adaduddaulas possessed Diarreb Maijâ—farikin Diarbecr and Abutzalab fled into Egypt Taius Lilla commanded that King Adaduddaulas should pray in his steed euery third Friday which none had obtayned before him though partners of the couenant He commanded also Drummes to be sounded at Adaduddaulus Court at the fiue houres of Prayer which none before had And he was the first which was stiled King in Islamisme and in Pulpits he was named Siahensiah or King of Kings A. 371. he caused Taius to confirme to Muaijidduddaulas his brother Giorgian and Tabristan which draue thence Panus Son of Wasmakin A. 372. Adaduddaulas dyed at Bagdad hauing ruled ouer Irac Carmania Persia Amman Churistan Mausil Diarbecr Harran and Mambag His Sonne Marzuban Abucalangiar Samsamuddaulas was vested by Taius Muaijidduddaulas dyed 373. and his brother Fachruddaulas succeeded him confirmed by Taius An. 375. Siarfuddaulas Sonne of Adaduddaulas possessed Bagdad and imprisoned his brother and put out his eyes hauing conquered Basra Ahwas and Wasit in Irac Taius rested him An. 377. with his Fathers Dignities But he dyed An. 379. and was buried at Cufa His brother Abanasar Bahaiuddaulas succeeded and was crowned by Taius who freed his brother from Prison An. 381. Saaduddaulas King of Aleppo dyed and Abulfadaijl his Sonne succeeded who was much molested by the Egyptians and assisted by the Romanes Aziz the Egyptian dyed An. 386. Hakem his Sonne succeeded Taius Lilla was deposed by Bahaiuddaulas and Cadir Billa inaugurated pretending the resignation of Taius whereas hee had gone in to him kissed the ground and sit downe on a seate by Taius appointment after which his men came in and laying hold on the Pomell of his Sword pulled him off his bed rouled him in the carpet and carried him away to Prison Hee had beene Chalifa seuenteene yeeres nine moneths and sixe dayes In his time Aziz hauing married a Melchite Christian gaue our Ladies Church from the Iacobites to the Melchites which they call the Church of the Patriarke and her brother Ieremy was made Patriarch of Ierusalem and her brother Arseninus was made Patriarch of the Melchites at Alcahir and Mitsra Phocas rebelling against Basilius the Emperour he craued helpe of the Russe King giuing him his Sister in marriage conditionally to receiue the Christian Religion Basilius sent them Bishops which conuerted him and his People This was A. Heg. 377. Bardas
Phocas was ouercome and slaine An. 379. That yeere by an Earthquake the third part of the Temple of Saint Sophia at Constantinople fell downe which Basilius repayred A. 378. a great tempest happened in Egypt of Wind and Thunder and such darknesse as had not beene seene Next morning a Pillar of fire came forth which made the Skie and Earth red and the Aire was so full of dust that men could scarsly breath An. 386. Iacob Sonne of Ioseph Counseller of Aziz died Hee had of a Iew become a Muslim serued Cafur and after his death brought Muaz into Egypt Aziz prayed and wept for him as he deserued An. 381. An Earthquake threw downe a thousand houses at Damascus and a Village neere Balaber sunke downe and men ranne out of their houses into the fields It continued seuen dayes Ahmed Abulabbas Cadir Billa was the fiue and twentieth Abbaside Chalifa An. 385. Abulcasins Counsellor to King Fachruddaulas which of all Counsellours was first called Partner dyed He writ elegant Epistles and good Verses Fachruddaulas dyed Anno 387. His Sonne Rustem whom Cadir nominated Maghduddaulas succeeded him An. 389. Mahmud Iamanuddaulas Sonne of Sebertekin Lord of India possessed Chorasan taking it from Abdulmelic the last of the Samanaean Kings An. 391. Abulfadaijl Lord of Aleppo was poysoned and Lulu his Counsellour seised on the State Bahaiuddaulas after long warre slue Abunasr Sonne of Azzuddaulas and possessed his and his brothers Inheritance An. 397. Walid of the house of Ommia and Progeny of Hisiam inuaded Hakem Lord of Egypt surnaming himselfe Naijr Biamrilla but after many battels was slaine A. 399. Lulu Lord of Haleb dyed and his Sonne Murtadiddaulas succeeded An. 401. Carwas Gouernour of Maufil prayed in the name of Hakem Lord of Egypt and caused the same to be done at Cufa But vpon Bahaiuddaulas writing the calling of Cadir Billa was restored who sent Carwas gifts and An. 402. published a Writing against the Chalifas of Egypt saying that their originall was from Disania and that they were Charigaeans and had nothing to doe with Ali Sonne of Abutalib prouing the same by great Authors Radis and Murtadis Abuhamid c. An. 403. Bahaiuddaulas Lord of Irac dyed and his Sonne Abusugiaus Sultannaddaulas was vested in his place He resided at Sijraz The Deputy of the Lord of Haleb rebelled and held the same vnder Hakem Lord of Egypt which was soone after murthered by procurement of his Sister Daughter of Aziz and Ali his Sonne made Chalif This Hakem had beene of ill disposition of no Religion inconstant in all his businesse suborning Spies to bring him tales He forbad that any woman should goe in or out of his house or shooes to be made for women He set Mitsra on fire and commanded the Citizens to bee killed Their goods were spoyled Wiues rauished and the fourth part of the Citie was burned Yet some Fooles cryed to him O God which makest to liue and dye Hee afflicted Christians and Iewes and razed their Temples Whereupon some became Muslims and then he gaue them leaue to reuolt to their former Religion Sixteene thousand acknowledged his Deitie sollicited thereto by Muhammed Sonne of Ismael whom a zealous Turke slue in Hakems Chariot Once Atheisme and Madnesse were in him combined His Sonne Ali was surnamed Tahir Lijzaz-dinilla An. 413. the Lord of Haleb was slaine by his Seruant and Badir possessed it calling himselfe Waliuddaulas But Tahir sent an Army against it and tooke it An. 415. Salih Sonne of Mardas got possession of Haleb and Balabec Sultanuddaulas dyed and his Sonne Abulcalanghar succeeded and remayned at Sijraz but his Vncle Siarfuddaulas after many battel 's got Bagdad An. 420. Salih was slaine by the Egyptian forces with his Sonne in battell but his Sonne Nasr Abucamil Siabluddaulas held Aleppo An. 422. Cadir Billa the Chalif dyed after one and fortie yeeres Reigne aged eightie sixe In his time Muhammed Sonne of Ismael the false Prophet had preached Hakems Deity and after his death Hamza Alhadi in Egypt and Siria confirmed the same opinions placing Doctors at Mitsra giuing all license to marry their owne Sisters Daughters Mothers and tooke away Fasting Prayer and Pilgrimage Hakem abstained from Prayers on Fridayes Ramadan and Feast dayes forbade Pilgrimage to Mecca and thus began the Sect of the Dararaeans especially famous at Tyre Sidon Mount Berit and the adioyning places of Syria Abdala Abugiafar Caijm Biamrilla Sonne of Cadir was the six and twentieth Abasids Chalifa created that day on which his Father dyed being before made partner of the couenant by his Father and mentioned in publike Prayers by that title The same yeere 422. King Ghalaluddaulas Sonne of Bahaiuddaulas came to Bagdad and tooke it and Prayers were made in his name Caijm stiled him Siahensiah greatest King of Kings Anno 426. Letters were brought from Mahmud Sonne of Sebucktakin Iamanuddaulas that he had taken many Cities in India that hee had slaine fiftie thousand Infidels and taken seuentie thousand and spoyles worth a Million of Gold An. 427. Taher Lord of Egypt died His Sonne Maabad Abutamim Mustansir Billa succeeded being about eight yeeres old or as some say sixe he ruled sixty yeeres None before had begun so soone or held out so long Yet Abdurrahman King of Andalusia reigned about so much time An. 430. began the Princes Salghucides Muhammed Abutalib Togrulbec was the first inaugurated of them His brethren were Dauid Ghacarbec Fir and Arselan the Sons of Michael Sonne of Salghuc Sonne of Dacac a Turke who first of that Race embraced Islamisme and was much employed by the Turkish King in his warres His Sonne Salghuc after his Fathers death was made chiefe Commander of the Turkish Armies but the King suspecting him sought to slay him whereupon he fled to Haron King of Ghabia and of him obtayned an Army to inuade those Infidels but was slaine in battell being a hundred and seuen yeeres old His Sonne Michael with his children abode in Mauranahar Many Turkes acknowledged none other Commander When Mahmud Sonne of Sebuctakin King of India passed ouer the Riuer Ghaihon to helpe Wararchan King of Mauranahar hee cast Michael into bonds for refusing to goe with him promising to set him in Chorasan to keepe it against the enemies but tooke with him Michaels Souldiers which stayed in his Countrey Masud succeeding his Father Mahmud expelled them by an Army the remaynder of these Turkes after Michaels death followed Togrulbec who ouerthrew the Army of Masud and pursued them to Tus which Towne hee tooke the first Towne which came into their hands wherein they fortified themselues Thence they went to Naisabur and tooke it King Masud fled into India and forsaking Chorasan stayed there a long time The Salghucides subdued Chorasan meane while and when Masud returned they ouerthrew him whereupon Caijm Biamrilla exhorted them to keepe the Region of the Muslims They ouerthrew Masud a second time and their Empire was established A. 431. Masud ouerthrew
Togrulbec who returned An. 432. and chasing away Masud enioyed all Chorasan killing innumerable numbers of men An. 433. Muazzuddaulas the Mardasite possessed Haleb where Nasr Sonne of Salih Sonne of Maidas had ruled eight yeeres who was slaine by Busekin the Dariraan in battell who after came to Haleb and tooke it This Dariraan was a captiue Turke which comming with Merchants into Syria was bought by Darir the Dailamite and giuen to the King of Egypt where by degrees he was promoted to be Commander of the Army Masud King of Chorasan India and Mauranahar was slaine and Muhammed his brother succeeded but was slaine by Maudud his brothers Sonne An. 435. foure Captaines Gazians with a thousand sixe hundred and fifty horsemen ouercame Diarbecr Mesopotamia and Mausil destroying and spoyling Fir Abutaher died and his Sonne Abumansor Melecaziz succeeded at Bagdad But An. 440. Abunasr Sonne of Abucalanghar which reigned in higher Irac came and tooke Bagdad and was crowned by the Chalifa This was the last King of the Boijtes An. 447. the Salghucides began to rule at Bagdad by this meanes A certaine Turke Ruslan Abulharith Mutaffir called the Basasaraean grew great in Irac and they prayed in Pulpits in his name neither remayned any thing but title to the Boijte Whereupon Caijm writ to Togrulbec for aide exhorting him to come thither which he did The Basasaraean writ to Mustansir Billa Lord of Egypt and prayed in his name at Rahab he helped him with money Togrulbec tooke the Boijte Melecrahim and his Prayer ceassed with that Empire which had continued one hundred and twenty seuen yeeres Prayse be to him whose Empire passeth not away Anno 448. Togrulbec went with an Army to Mausil At Cufa Wasit and Ainattamr Prayer was made in the name of Mustansir Lord of Egypt An. 449. Caijm crowned Togrulbec so that in both Iracs and Chorasan none stood against him Haleb was deliuered to the Lord of Egypt by Muazzudaulas because he was not able to hold it An. 450. Caijm was deposed vpon this occasion Togrulbec going to Mausil and Nasibin and his brother Ibrahim with him to whom the Basasaraean sent and procured him to rebell vpon promise of the Empire The Basasaraean entred Bagdad with Egyptian banners inscribed Prince Maabad Abutanim Mustansir Billa Emperour of the faithfull On Friday after the thirteenth of Dulkiada Prayer was made in the Cathedrall Temple in name of Mustansir They made a bridge ouer to the East part of the Citie and did the like at Rusaf He tooke Caijms Counsellour and clothed him with a woollen Cowle and long narrow red Hood set him on a Camell with skins hanged about his necke and so carried him thorow Bagdad one following and beating him after which they put him in a new flayed Buls hide setting the hornes on his head and hanged on hookes there beaten till he died Caijm fled and his Palace was rifled On the fourth Friday in Dulhiggia was no Prayer in the Temple of the Chalifa In other Temples they prayed in the name of Mustansir Caijm was carried to Haijth and there imprisoned An. 451. the Basasaraean tooke Oathes of the Supreme Iudge and Chiefe men to Mustansir Lord of Egypt That yeere Togrulbec ouerthrew and tooke his brother Ibrahim and strangled him with a Bow string slue many Turkemens his partakers went to Bagdad against the Basasaraean and carried backe the Chalifa Togrulbec holding the bridle of his Mule when he entred Bagdad from which hee had beene a yeere absent The Basasaraean was gone to Wasit against whom Togrulbec sent forces which slue him and sent his head to Bagdad An. 453. Togrulbec desired the Chalifas daughter in marriage which he refused yet after consented An. 455. Togrulbec dyed Muhammed Olbarsalan Adaduddaulas Sonne to his btother Dauid succeeded him An. 460. Hasen Abuali rebelled in Egypt besieged Mustansir in his Tower and spoyled his goods An. 462. Mahmud Lord of Haleb prayed in the name of Caijm Biamrilla and Prince Azzuddaulas which forced him to it hauing before acknowledged Mustansir An. 463. Prince Azzuddaulas went against the Romans with forty thousand horse tooke Patricius their Generall and cut off his nose and after on a Friday slue innumerable and tooke the Emperour himselfe whom hee freed on condition to pay 1500000. pieces of Gold c. An. 464. hee was slaine hauing passed out of Bagdad with 200000. Souldiers and commanding to execute a certaine factious Captaine named Ioseph and to set his quarters on foure posts he reuiled him and ranne suddenly within him and wounded him with a Knife whereof he dyed Hee was a Prince fearing God much in Prayer and Almes and a defender of Religion When he was wounded he said I neuer else contended but first begged ayde of God Yesterday also the earth trembled vnder me and I said I am King of the World neythcr is any able to warre with me and neuer thought of Gods power whereof I aske him forgiuenesse His Sonne Ghelaluddaulas succeeded called Melicsiah Anno 467. Caijm dyed hauing beene Chalifa foure and forty yeeres seuen moneths and twentie daies Abdalla Abulcasim Muctadi Billa Sonne of Muhammed Sonne of Caijm Billa was the seuen and twentieth Abasian and eight and fortieth Chalifa created on the day of his Grandfathers death An. 467. Hee prayed for his Grandfather and buried him Bagdad in his time flourished and they prayed in his name in Iaman Syria and Ierusalem In his time also the Muslims recouered from the Romans Raha and Antiochia Nasr succeeded to Azzuddaulas in Haleb who was slaine by his Souldiers Turkes after he had reigned a yeere He was a man liberall to Poets who no lesse chanted his prayses His brother Sabac succeeded and was the last of the Mardasian Kings For Siarfuddaulas Lord of Mausil subdued Haleb An. 472. hauing obtayned leaue of Gielaluddaulas Melicsiah on condition to pay him 300000. peeces of Gold rent out of it Anno 469. Isarus surnamed Afiijs hauing subdued Emissa and Damascus with their Territories went into Egypt and when Mustansir Billa was ready to flee by night in a battell the Egyptians ouerthrew him Hee returned full of indignation killing whom hee could three thousand at Ierusalem and was forced to compound with Gielaluddaulas who had thought to haue taken Syria from him Yet An. 472. Tagiuddaulas brother to Gielaluddaulas slue him and possessed Damascus the Inhabitants whereof returned from the places of their dispersions caused by Isarus his tyrannies But he rebelling An. 477. against Gielaluddaulas takin Murwa drinking Wine in the Temple in Ramadan was besieged taken and cast into Prison Who after Anno 478. got Haleb and Syria in possession An. 483. Batijna inuaded certaine Castles of the Barbarians and Arabs and tooke them Many adioyned themselues to his Sect and hee in the name of the people was inaugurated and grew potent King Gielaluddaulas exacted obedience of him by his Embassadour with threatnings He called some of his followers in presence of the
possessed the Throne which Almahadi in a great battell recouered Anno 404. but lost it soone after with his life and Isen was restored Alhameri was made Alhagiber Viceroy The Countrey was spoyled and neere Corduba almost dispeopled by Barbarians Zuleman also and Almahadis Sonne in diuers parts doing much harme against whem Isen hired Earle Sarcius restoring six Castles to him which Almanzor had taken Zuleman wan Corduba and Isen fled into Africa Now was all in combustion Ali Alcazin Hyahye Cazim Mahomet Abderramen Mahomet Hyahya Iris Isen successiuely starting in and out of the Throne so that the Kingdome of Corduba failed and euery man made himselfe Master of his charge and vsurped what he could The Ommian Race fayling the Almorauides of Africa An. 484. possessed the Kingdome Ioseph Sonne of Tessephin being called to helpe one against the other and taking all into his owne dominion He made Morocco his Seat Royall Ali his Sonne succeeded and Tessephim his Sonne was deposed An. 539. The Almoades extinguished the Almorauides After many changes and chances the Realme of Granado was erected which continued aboue two hundred and fifty yeeres vnder these Kings successiuely Mahomet Alen Alhamar Mir Almus Aben Azar Aben Leuin Ismael Mahumet Ioseph Lagus Mahumet Mah. Guadix Ioseph Balua Ioseph Aben Azar Mah. the little Ioseph M. Aben Ozmen Ismael Muley Alboracen Mah. Boabdelin Muley Boabdelin expelled by Ferdinand and Isabella A. 1492. A Relation of the Kings of Barbary after the ending of the Egyptian Chalifas to the present Xeriffian Family taken out of a Spanish Booke of that argument ABtilhac was the first King Merin in Fez He had Sonnes A Bucar and Iacob Bucar the which Iacob was Lord of Ramatto and Abtilhac left his Kingdome in his life time to his Sonne Bucar Bucar had for Sonne Yahia This Bucar ouercame King Abtolcader and dyed in the battell and he said Yahia was King vnder protection of his Vncle Iacob which was Lord of Ramatto Yahia dyed a child without issue and the said Iacob Bucar his Vncle remayned King which afterward caused himselfe to be called Muley Xeh which signifieth old King This King built new Fez which is called the white Citie hee ouercame Budebuz King of Marweccos and sometimes was Lord of Tremesen Tumbe and Sojumenza and in the yeere of our Lord 1264. he entred Spaine being called by the King of Granado Hee had three Sonnes Abuçait Aben Iacob and Aben Iucef Abuçait Abuçayt after that his father had gained Tremezen was left for King there he had one Son a child whose name is not knowne and Abuhamo begotten vpon a Christian woman Abuçait reigning in Tremezen his father Iacob Aben Iucef dyed and his younger Son Aben Iacob reigned in his steed in Marweccos Sojumenza and Algarue and besieged Tremezen against his brother Abuçait and the said Aben Iacob left two Sonnes Abucale and Aliborregira which afterward was drowned by Aborabec Abucalec the eldest Sonne of Aben Iacob had a Sonne called Abuhumer who dyed and was neuer King himselfe But left two Sons Botheyd and Aborabec both which were Kings Abuçait dying at the end of foure yeeres left as I said before two Sonnes the eldest for vnderstanding we call the Old who reigned a yeere and a halfe after the death of his father and dyed without issue and Abuhamo which afterward was King in his steed The foresaid child being dead his brother Abuhamo reigned in his steed who afterward was called Abuhertab and his Vncle Aben Iacob besieged him in Tremezen seuen yeeres after whose death the siege was raysed and the said Abuhamo afterward with the ayde of D. Iayme of Aragon gained Ceuet in the yeere of our Lord 1310. After that Aben Iacob was dead his Sonne Abucalee tooke possession of the new Citie but his Vncle for hatred that he bore him caused them to receiue for King Botheyd who was Sonne vnto Abuhamer that dyed and neuer had beene King himselfe and the said Botheyd pursued Abucalee and slue him and reigned after him Botheyd after that his Vncle had saluted him for King dyed without issue After that Botheyd was dead the Christians raysed his brother Aborabe for King Then the Moores would haue had Ali Berregira King younger Sonne to Aben Iacob which was the sixt King and so after much warres betweene them at length Aborabee ouercame him and commanded him to bee drowned And after Aborabee had reigned two yeeres he dyed without issue After Aborabee dyed his great Vncle Aben Iucef Abuçayt was made King in Fez hee had two Sonnes Abohali and Abuhaçen This Aben Iucef Abuçait gained many Cities in Spaine in the yeere of our Lord 1318. and 1322. Albohali wounded his father in the warres and made himselfe to bee called King of Fez and his father being sicke besieged him and they came to agreement that his father should giue him Sojumensa and the halfe of the treasure of Fez and his father should remayne with Marweccos Algarue and Fez The said Albohali had two Sonnes Buzayn and Bahamon Albuhazen was receiued for King in the life of his father for his brother Albohali was disinherited for wounding his father This Albuhaçen had three Sonnes Abtulmalic Abtolrahmin and Abuhenan he was King of Fez Marueccos Algarue Sojumenza Tremezen and Tunes Abtulmalic was King of Algezira he past into Spaine in the yeere of our Lord 1340. and was ouercome by the Christians which they call La victoria del salido and in the warres of Xeres hee dyed Abtolramin his other brother rose with the Citie Mequines and his Father cut off his head Abuhenan rose with the Kingdome of Fez and fought against his father Albuhaçen ouercame him he made in Fez the Colledge which is called The Colledge of Abuhenan He had three Sonnes Muley Buçayt and Muley Zaet and Iacob Abuçayt sent his brother Zaet to succour Gibraltar who was taken Prisoner by the Kings of Granada and Abuçayt was killed by his owne subiects leauing one Sonne called Abtilhac Zaet vnderstanding the death of his brother got liberty and ayde of the King of Grada and recouered Fez After the death of Zaet Abtilhac Sonne of Abuçayt was King who was slaine by treason by one of his owne subiects who thought to vsurpe the Kingdome but Zaet Benimerine next heire vnto Abtilhac recouered it againe by force of armes within few moneths and put to death the Vsurper Zaet left for heires two Sonnes Muley Mahamet and Muley Nacer Muley Mahamet succeeded his father in the Kingdome and had two Sonnes to wit Muley Ahmat and Muley Naçant Muley Ahmat succeeded his father and had one Daughter called Lalalu which was forced to marry with the Xarife and dyed without issue for griefe of the death of her father and three Sonnes Muley Bucar which dyed in the warre when King Buhason recouered Fez and Muley Muhamet and Muley Alcasery which was King vpon conditions in the absence of his
147. 242. 243. At many places mentioned by Beniamin Tudelensis 146. Of the Rabbins 167. Of the Saracens 240. 241. Of Brachmanes 479 480. Of the Turkes and their nine Degrees 319. 320 Vniuersities in Siam 491. 492 Vologesus and Vologesocerta 63 Votaries of Turkes 314. 315. Of the Syrian Goddesse and of Cybele Vide Galli See the Titles also of Priests Sects Punishments Monkes Nuns Monasteries Pilgrims Votaries of Iewes 123. 124. Of Assisines 218. 219. At Comana and Castabala 327. At Zela 328 At Ephesus 336. 337. In Golchonda 1000 Vraba 893 Vrania and Vrotalt 78 Vsury forbidden by the Alcoran 257 W WAges small in India 1001 Washing Rites of the Iewes 110 111. Prescribed by the Alcoran 256 265. Obserued by the Turkes 308. Peguans 502. 503 Bengalans 509. 510. Banians 240. 241. Cambayans 240. Bramenes 547. 548 Walid the eighteenth Chalifa his Epicurisme 1026 Waters in the Creation 6. 9. Aboue the Firmament 8 Water medicinable 50. 229 Water of the Sunne 229 Water worshipped by the Tartars 420 Watches of the Day and Night 106 Wealth and Almes of Ahmed 1033 Wels sacred 64 Weimouths Discoueries 813 Whale huge 210 Whale-fishing the manner of it 952. The kinds and description of them ibidem Fight betweene Whale Sword-fish and Thresher 953. 954 Wheate and Barly blades foure fingers long 50 Whoores Tribe 998 Wiapoco 922 Will of man 14 Willoughbie viz. Sir Hugh Willoughby frozen to death 577 Wildernesse vide Desart Winds hot and killing 995 Widowes in Golchonda 1000 Wittie Epitaph 1038 Wiues in India immured with their dead husbands 481. 482. Buried quicke ibid. In Golchonda 1001 Womans Creation 14. 15. Fal 22 Menstruous amongst the Zabij 52. Subiect to prohibitiue Precepts not affirmatiue 174. Women cheape sold 921. Womens Rites in Venus Temple 56. Women Enunches 286. Women inioyned to bee veyled with other their rules in the Alcoran 255 World the Creation thereof why created 5. seq The drowning repeopling thereof 33. 34. The diuision thereof 41. The Chaldees opinion of the Worlds eternitie 51. End of the World as Iewes say 211. Peguans opinion of the Worlds end 506. Ages of the World reckoned by the Iewes 153 Wormes dangerous to Ships 533 Wormes breeding in mens flesh 716. 931 Worme which becomes a tree 563 X XErxes spoyled the Temple of Belus 56. His Law for the Babylonians 58. His Expedition 337. 359. 360 Y YEares how measured by the Iewes 107 Yougorians 404. 431 Z ZAbij the same with the Chaldees their history 52. Their Bookes and Fables ibid. Their Magick worship of deuils 53 Zadok 129 Zagathayan Tartars 425. 426 Zauolhenses Tartars 424 Zaire a Riuer of Congo 766 Zambra chiefe Citie in Aethiopia described 748. 749 Zanaga their customes 701 Zanzibar or Zanguebar 758 Zarmanochagas a Brachman burned himselfe 480 Zebra a wild Beast 623 Zela a Citie described 328 Zeila 993. seq The King of Zelas triumph ibid. Zeilan described 616. 617. seq 993. Vide Seilan Zembre Lake 620 Zemes the Turke 283 Zenan nine score miles from Moha North North-west 583 Zetfa of the Turkes 320 Zigantes their Rites 667 Zinaldin a Turkish King 144 Zizis of the Iewes 184 FINIS 1. Tim. 4.8 * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gal. 4.8 Deus vnus est 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 trinus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Zan. de 3 El. p. 4. l. 1. cap. 3. a Homer Virgil Ouid c. Apoc. 1.8 * Apoc. 3.14 b 2. Cor. 12.11 a 1. King 8.27 c Rom. 11.33 d Prou. 30.2 Verse 3 4. Verse 5. e Psal. 19.1 f Rom. 1.20 g Acts 14.17 h Acts 17.28 i D. Kings Lect. in Ion. 4. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Hiero. ille Cicer. Nat. Deor. lib. 1. Nomen quia dat notitiam Deus est nomen suum nomen eius ipse est Drus pret lib. 1. k 1. Io. 3.2 l 1. Co. 13.12 m Exod. 34.6 n Dionys de Diuinis nomin P. Galatin de Arcanis l. 3. Zanchius de Nat. Dei l. 1 Bullinger de Origine erroris lib. 1. Ar. Montanus o As true wise liuing c. p As truth wisdome life c. q In which sense rismegist affirmeth Deus nihil est omnium Deus est omnia Deus nomen nullum habet Deus habet omne nomen Vid Mars Ficin in Dionys de D. N. Dionysius also cals him Vnitas vnitatis omnis vnifica super essentialis essentia Intellectus nequà quam intelligibilis c. Empedocles described him a Sphere whose Centre is euery where the Circumference no where Sphinx Heidfeldi r Nomina 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 apud Heb. tria sunt 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Drus Tetragram cap. 1. ſ Hook Eccles Polit. lib. 5. Iustin resp ad Orthod quaest. 137. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Exemplum producit Adami Euae Sethi eandem essentiam hobentium humanam existendi autem modum diuersum à terra costa semine t Drusius taxeth Zanch. for intitling his worke De 3. Elohim as improperly saith he as De tribus dijs u Enuntiatio de Creatore per verba negatiua est vera per affirmatiua autem partim in aequiuocatione partim in imperfectione R. Moses Moreh lib. 1. 57. affirmationes periculosae x De Deo etiam vera loqui periculosum Arnob. in Psal. 91. August de Trinit lib. 3. cap. 3. y Esa 6.2 z Rom. 12 3. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 * Phil. 3.10 a Psal. 25.9 b Ioh. 7.17 17.3 c Ephes 4.21 d 1. Cor. 3.18 e 1. Cor. 8.2 f Prou. 1.7 g Exod. 34.6 h Of this name Iehoua see Drutij Tetragram Ar. Montan. ante Naturae histor pag. 37. Pet. Galat. lib. 2. Drusius thinkes that Galatinus was the first Author of this pronuntiation Iehoua Castalion writeth it Ioua the most both Iewes and Christians before forbare to name it The Masscrites ascribed to it no points of it owne but of Adonai and when Adonai goeth before or after it of Elohim It is holden that onely the High-Priest and that in the Temple and on the day of Expiation might pronounce it which to a priuate man the Iewes esteemed the losse of eternall life Steuchus thinketh that none can interpret it and Paulus Burgensis that none can translate it The Chaldaens Arabians Graecians Latines and the New Testament it selfe vse instead thereof The Lord Montanus readeth it Iehueh and affirmeth that it was knowne both to the common Israelites and to the neighbouring Nations c. but see themselues I name it after the moderne vse for distinction Zanchy and Gyraldus obserue that the name of God in all Nations is Tetragrammaton of foure letters In Dutch and English they therefore double the last consonant and learned Master Selden interpreteth the Pythagorian oath 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by Tetragrammaton de D. Syris Vid. R. Mos lib. 1. cap. 60. P. Ric. ad praec. aff 20. Reuchlin de verbo mirif lib 2. i Heb.. 13.8 k Apoc. 1.8 l Exod. 6.3 m Quae contradictionem implicant sub diuina omnipotentia non
vsage of the captiue Emperour Kn. T. H. f Guibert Abbas hist Ierosol g I lle in tempore spiritu peregrini dei Occidentales populi af flati c. Ot. praef Fris ad Frid. 1. h See Gesta Dei per Francos in two large Tomes Rob. Mon. hist Ierosol Guibert ab hist Ieros. Baldricus Arch. hist Ieros. Ita etiam Gesta Francos Raimund de Agiles hist Ier. Fulch Carnat Gesta Peregr Albert. Aq hist Ierosol Azopart Assysines Tyr. l. 20 c. 31. Mat. Par. in Steph. P. Aemil Lud. Iunior c. b Vid. G. Nubrig l. 4. 24. seq l. 5. 16. King Richard was taken by the Duke of Austria vnder this colour c See l. 4. c. 8. of this Hist M. Polo l. 1. c. 21 Odoricus Haith c. 24. d Cartwright e See l. 4. c. 1. See l. 4. c. 1. Ben. Tudelensis * Gauteras in his Bella Antioch mentions this or such another terrible Earthquake about this time Iac. de Vitr l. 3. * An. Do. 1172. Edward the first his father then liuing warred in these parts and was by one of these Assasines almost slaine l. 1. c. 14. * Omnem indifferenter obedientiam superiori suo exhibitam sibi credunt esse vitae aeternae meritoriam Vitriac Vit. l. 1. c. 81. Mar. Sanut l. 3. pars 10 c. 8. Haply this name Arsasidae was either taken or giuen them of Arsaces the first founder of the Parthian Empire in those parts whence these came * Excreauit Dogzijn or Drusians Epiph. haer 26. Iac. de Vitr l. 1. cap. 13. G. Bot. Ben. Biddulph l et * Cartwright Barbaro and others Knolls Amur. 3. M. G. Sandys l. 3. p. 210. * Iac. vit. l. 1. c. 12. Volater l. 11. Sanut l 3. Vitriaco l. 1. c. 71.72 Vit. l. 1. c. 8. a Maginus b Plin. l. 6. c. 28. Orosius l. 1. c Solin 36. d So our English transl and the Span. Ital. Pagnine Vat. Tremel c. e Hier. in Es 27 in Ezec. 27. f Draudius in Solin Beros l. 4. g Gen. 25.2 h Numb 12.1 i Hier. in Es 21. k Gabriel and Iohn Marenitae translators of the Nubian Geographer who hath the most exact description of Arabia l Arias Montan Caleb m Maginus Ptolom l. 5. n Scenitae vel Nomades 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. Teniorijs o Psal. 120 5 p TanquaÌ„ Sceniae Kedareni q Elias This rad Kedar r Boter relat part 1. l. 2. Å¿ Adri hom Theat T. S. t Mel. l. 1. c. 10. ad eum Caslig Pintiani spicileg A. Schot u Diod. sic l. 3. c. 12. x Lib. 1. c. vlt y R. Volaterran z Obser l. 2. c. 10. d. a Moses Narbonens writeth that he obserued in the stones of Sinai a bush or bramble figured whereof some thinke Sinai is named of Seneb which signifieth a bush Drus praet pag. 269. b Of this see more l. 7. c. 11. c Maginus Dom. Niger Com. Asiae l. 6. d Adrich saith it is now called Mamotra e Capt. Dounton which traded a little while since in the Red Sea calls it Yeoman f Vid. Drus praet p. 32. 33. Rhodoman calles her 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Step. de vrb Beniam Itiner g Iuchasin pag. 2. Beniam pag. 61. Mecca in terra Aeliman sita Phot. Bibliotheca ca. 244. g Lud. Vertum. l 1. c. 7. h Beniamin tels of many Iewes in the Arabian Mountaines subiect to no Potentate as it seemeth of these i Iul. Scaliger Exerc 104. Ios. Scal. Ep. ad Cosub Lit. ad Chytr Aleppo Mis Plin. 6. 28. Sol. c. 46. Strab. l. 16. Diod. l. 3. c. 12. Psal. 72. Vid. Bern. Aldrete Antig. l. 2. k Gen. 37.28 Ezek. 27. l Psal. 76.1 147.20 m Herodot l. 3. n Suid. Hist o Coelius Aug. Curio Hist Sar. lib. 1. p Clem. Alex. Paraen q Arnob. l. 6. r Euseb de laudib Constant Sardus l. 3. c. 15. Å¿ Niceph. Hist. Eccle. l. 18. c. 23. t Herod l. 3. u Arrian l. 7. x Strabo l. 15. Circumcision in Arabia y Am. May. Cellin z Linschoten History of the Indies a Draudius in Solin b Sol. Polyhist c Strab. l. 16. d D. Sic. l. 3. e Plin. l. 12. c. 14. f Pl. in Poenult in Milite g Stuckius de sacris h Ioan. Boemus i Leo Africanus k Gal. 1.17 l Diod. Sic. l. 6. cap. 10. l Eadem ferè Euseb de praeparat Eu. lib. 2. m Iustin hist lib. 39. n Gramay As Arab. o Ios. Scal. Can. Isag. lib. 2. p Philost de vita Ap. l. 1. q Athenaeus l. 6. cap. 6. r Ath. l. 12. c. 4. Å¿ Plutarch de Inuid odio t Tertul. de veland Virg. u Pausaniae Beotica x Epiph. cont Sethian a Scal. E.T. l. 2. b Idem in Ier. 25. in Es 42. alibi c Epiph. ad haer lib. 1. d Lib. 6. c. 28. e Geograph lib. 6. cap. 7. f Scenitas Arabas quos Saracenos nunc appellamus A.M. l. 22 g Boterus Curio alij h Am. Mar. lib. 14. i Lib. 25. k Hierom. Trad. heb. in Genesm l Ierem. 49.28 Vid. Hieron in Es 21. m Or Muhammed n Constantin Porphyrogenit de admin Imp. cap. 15. o Euthemius calleth it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 p Scal. E.T. l. 5. q Herod lib. 3. r Arabs nob ap Vincent Bellar. lib. 24. Å¿ Hieron in Amos 5. t Gabriel Sionita Ioan. Hesronitae Beduois or Beduines actiuity Their Tribe or Families Their Food Foolish and blasphemous traditions Melongene Their apparel Cedren Comp. a Saracen hist. Curio l. 1. Dreshleri Chron. Boter Phryg Chron. Car. Chron. Sabel Aen. 8. l. 7 VolaterraÌ„ l. 12. Chron. Arab. Politie of the Turkish Empire c. b The Arabian names in other languages are translated diuersly c Abu-becher d Califa that is Vicar was the name of the chiefe place or soueraigntie in cases spirituall and temporal the successor of Mahomet And Amira is a Lord a name applied to the Califa and the great Rulers vnder him and also to all of Mahomet his kindred e Othman 4. A. D. 655. f Hali 5. g Hasen Ben Ali. h Some say he resigned and he with Muaui are reckoned but the sixth Caliph of the Arabians i This daily tribute was both ceased inuerted soone after when Abdimelech made peace with the Emperour with promise to pay him the like t ibute P. Diacon k Historicis Adonis vt Phar. Orontes 2. Reg. 5.12 * BaumgarteÌ„ Pereg. l. 3. c. 5. A.D. 1507. The Egyptians still and Turks are more charitable to dogs and cats then to men a About these times another FALSE prophet called Muctar obtained Persia and the Arabians were troubled P. Diacon in Iustin b Anno 679 â—79 alij 682 c Abdimelec sonne of Maruan Scal. 9 P. Diacon in Iustiniano d Others call him Abdul Mumen e Leo writeth otherwise as in our sixth Booke shal appeare he saith Marocco was built in the 424 yeere of
King of Delly all Indostan is his patrimony and his countrey diuided by three famous high wayes Porrab Pachan Dekan W. Clarke f Allahoban g Sultan Peruis h M. Clarke which diuers yeeres serued the Mogol in his warres and was one of these Haddies saith 30000. i Others say 2. s. 6. d. others 2. s. 3. d. k 150. millions of crownes l M. Withington which liued a Factor diuers yeeres in the Countrey receiued of the Iesuites which reside there this same story of the Mogols treasures m See Chap. 7. n M. Clarke saith 50000. Selims Religion and Customes o The Kings of India sit daily in Iustice themselues and on the Tuesdayes doe execution Feasts Mogols Sepulcher Couert saith the matter is fine Marble the forme nine square the compasse two English miles about nine stories high and that the King protested he would bestow thereon one hundred millions Iarric Thes. rer Indic l. 5. c. 23. An. 1612. n Nic Bangam They had money of these Ships some 32000. rials of eight wherof the Rehemee payd 15000. M. Downton saith They had goods for goods to a halfe-penny Nic. Withington M T. Best M. Patrick Copland M. Nathaniel Salmon M. Withington Nunno d' Ancuna M. Withington o M. Copland p Ant. Starky Ex Relat. M.S. Gen. Nic. Downton Martin Pring Beniamin Day Iohn Leman William Masham c. Master Downton both buried his sonne and died himselfe in this Voyage which since we haue published with other our Pilgrims continued by M. Elkington and M. Dodsworth his successiue successour q N. Withington r Goga is a rich towne on the other side of the Bay Some say that there was not so much harme done Masham Inuention of Ordnance first vsed by the Venetians against the Genuous An. Dom. 1378. who besieged Fossa-Clodia a town of theirs inuented by a German Alchymist a Monke called Bertholdus Swartus Others say Constantinus Anklitzen Printing was also first inuented by a German the first Printed booke being Tullies Offices at Mentz by one Iohn Fust which some thinke to be the same with Gutemberg who had made triall of this Art before without any perfection This Booke is still at Augsburg printed 1466. Ram. P. Verg. Pancirol Salmuth c. d So doth another namelesse Copy which I haue seene I omit the names of the Captaines e Ben Day Another hath Sanedo Nic. Withington f See M. Terris Booke and Childs Iournal Sir Tho. Roe in my voyages g See Swans Iournall and letters of Blithe Browne c. h Let. of T. Wilson and also of Robert Smith i One Philips in the Richard was principall cause of that victory by his Manhood k Of Dutch and English vnkind quarrells see Relations of M. Cocke Tho. Spurway Captaine Courthop Rob. Haies Captaine Pring Iohn Hatch William Hord letters of Cas Dauid George Iackeson Ia. Lane G. Ball M. Willes Kellum Throgmorton Ric. Nash S. T. Dale Io. Iordan A. Spaldwin G. Muschamp W. Anthon. H. Fitzherbert Th. Knollos B. Church-man G. Pettys c. Rob. Couert Agra a Fatipore a Citie as bigge as London Ios. Salbank Indico b 12000. or 15000. within the Citie Still R. Still or Stell and I. Crowther March 17. T. Cor. his letter to M. L. W. c Vers Hosk d Flauius Iustinianus Alemanicus Gothicus Francicus Germanicus Anticus Alanicus Vandalicus Africanus for that which followes Pius Foelix Inclytus Victor ac Triumphator , semper Augustus I hope his friends in the Verses before his booke haue giuen him more prodigious and himselfe before he comes home must needs multiply further hauing such huge bundles of papers abreeding in so many places at Aleppo Spahan Asmere c. e R. Still Lahore Chatcha 3 Fort. m Still Couerts Trauels are extant in his Booke n Hee saith that he hath put to death his own sonne and done 1000 other tyrannies Iohn Crowther W. Nichols Iohn Mildnall Mic. Withington 88. Courses . 1601. Calwalla a Towne of filthy Women Desart Reisbuti S.R. Sherly M. Withington robbed Sinda Wormes dangerous to ships o Fitch to the South-East and to the East from Agra Nicols S.E. by Land Goes N. E. to China Couert N. and S. quite through Still to Lahor N. E. and to Persia N.N.W. Withington the Westerle parts to Sinda c. p W. Clarke q W. Payton r 20000. horse 50000. foot and a mountainous Countrey hardly inuaded and conquered M. Clarke b M. Withington R. Couert R. Couert M. Payton M. Withington c Narratio Reg. Mogor Lahor is 300 miles from Agra Å¿ R. Fitch T. Coryat a Maginus b Maff. lib. 40 c Ioseph Ind. Linsch l. 1. c. 270 d Pat. Copland e L. Vertom l. 4 f Od. Barbosa g Coel. Rhodig lib. 11. cap. 13. h Maff. lib. 11. i Cic. Offic. k Maff. Histor Ind. lib. 11. l This same man appeared before Solyman the Turkish General at the siege of Diu. Viag di vn Comite Venetiano Nic. di Conti saith hee saw a Bramane three hundred yeers old m Morison part 3. c. 3. saith the same of the Irish Countesse of Desmond mentioned also by S. W. Ral. and that she liued 140. yeeres n Io. Santos l. 4. deuan. hist de India orientali o Dam. Ã Goes op Di. Bell. Camb. p Linschot q Od. Barbos r Gotardus Arthus Hist. Ind. Orient cap 23. Bally cap. 18. k Xaholam that is Lord of the World a Title and not a proper name l Daquem m Ios. Scal. de Emana temp lib. 7. n Ios. Scal. Can. Isag. lib. 7. o Clarke Banians M. Withington Marriages solemnized betwixt infants R. Couert Anominus p N. Downton Ben. Day q L. verb. lib. 4. r Eman. Pinner Balby saith at other times they eate but one meale a day cap. 10. Å¿ An. Dom. 1595. k The Religious in Cambaia Pinner l Em. Pinner Banians m Onesicritus reporteth the like of the Gymnosophists n Arrian Perip Mar. Eryth u Linsch c. 37. Andrea Corsuli x Od. Barbosa y The like lowsie trick is reported in the Legend of S. Francis and in the life of Ignatius of one of the first Iesuitical pillars by Mâ—ffâ—eus z N. di Cont. a Gi. Bot. Ben. Maff. lib. 1. Linschot lib. 1. cap. 34. Iarric l. 3. c. 1. b Gio. Bot. Ben. Garcias ab Horto l. 2. c. 28. Linschot c. c Lins l. 1. c. 27. Iarric Thes. rerum Indic l. 3. No exact order can bee vsed in relating so confused Rites o Of Goa reade Arthus hist Ind. c. 15. Linschot Al. Valignan p Tizzuarin signifies thirtie villages for so many it seemes were then there q Dec. 1. l. 8. c. vlt. Dec. 2. l. 5. c. 1. r Lins l. 1. c. 28.29 30 31 32. Balb c. 23. Balb. c. 22. Å¿ Lact. l. 1. c. 20. Aug. de C. D l. 6. c. 9. Rosianus Antiq. 1. 2. t R. Fitch u Linschot Don Duart de Menezes He summeth the publike ordinary expences of the Port in India at 134 199. li. 5.
Pet. Martyr Dec. 3. l. 6. m Pet. Martyr Dec. 2. l. 4. Rio Grande n They say Dabaiba was a woman of great wisdom honoured in her life Deified after death to whom they ascribe thunder and lightning when she is angry o Pensum exceedeth the Ducat a fourth part A Pezo Monstrous Harpyes p Linschot l. 2. q Nic. Monard cap. 53. Gomar Hist Gen. c. 71. r M. Gerrard Å¿ P. Messia l. 1. cap. 13. t P.M. Dec. 1. l. D Gomar c. 74. tom c. 84. b Gom cap. 76. c P.M. Dec. 7. lib. 4. d Gom. c. 78. Cubagua e Cap. 79. Their Marriages e P.M. Dec. 8. lib. 7. Their strange Creatures f Ouied. calleth it a Beare g Pliny Astolphi , and others describe this worme but I could neuer learne any thing to satisfie my selfe therein Their dancing and drunkennesse Their Gods Their Priests Their Diuinations Their Burials g P. Martyr Dec. 1. lib. 6. Gom part 2. cap. 84. Pearle fishing h P. Martyr Dec. 1. l b. 8 Of the Canibals see Chapter 13. i Gem. cap. 85. Relat. S.W.R. Psal. 104.20 â—â— , 22 23. a Sir Walter Raleighs treatise of Guiana b King Abibeiba dwelt on a Tree in the Countrey of Dariena Pet. Martyr Die 3. lib. 6. a These might descend of those in Careca sup l. 8. c. 2. b Ouied. in Summar cals it Bardato c Monard c. 37. d L. Keymis These may rather be said to want necks then heads and that causeth them thus to seeme c Monard c. 37. F. Sparrey M. S. ap Hak. Master Charles Leigh ohn Nichol. Iohn Wilson of Wansted in Essex b Legates company 1606. in a Voyage to Amaz in a mutinie slue their Captaine and the rest were taken at Cuba and fourteene hanged foure kept Prisoners W. Adams W. Turner May. 1606. Rob. Harcourts Voyage to Guiano c M. Harcourt so calls the Priest and the Deuil Wattipa m It is like March Beere n Anno 1610. The Tobacco that came into England amounted to at least 60000. pound and not much lesse in other yeeres Vid. l. 5. c 12. A feeling Plant. o The gilded Citie p Iuan. de Castellanos ap Hak. q Lopez Vaz ap Hak. tom 3. Giraua l. 2. r Acosta l. 2. c. 6. 3. c. 20. Å¿ M. Fernand. de Encisa apud Hak. t L Keymis T. Masham u Lop. Gom. c. 86 x Lop. Vaz y Rot. par 4. l. 6. z Cieza part 1. cap. 15. a Cap. 19. 4. Tuesday Holy dayes b Chap. 13. c Chap. 32. a P. Maffaeus Hist Ind lib. 2. P. Bert. Geograp Mag. Geog. G Ens Hist. Ind. Occident P Iarric lib. 3. cap. 22. d. Bot part 1. l. 6 b Which feeds on grasse sleepes in the water Boterus c The Spaniards call it of the contrary the light Dogge The Portugals Sloth The Indians Hay Some haue written that it liues of ayre and seldome or neuer hath it beene seene eating d They know no numbers further then fiue the rest they supply as they can with their toes and fingers and if the things numbered exceed they number by the toes and fingers of many persons assembled together Stad lib. 2. c. 29. e It seemes otherwise by Lerius his Dialogue of that Language c. 20 f G. da Empoli ap Ramus A. Vesput g A Booke taken from a Frier written in Portuguse sold by Fr Cook to M. Hakluia h Io. Stad Hessi cum picturis ap T. de Bry in 3 parte America i Lerius hist Nauig in Amer. And. Theuet k Great at one end and little at the other in their infancie it is a bone and after a greene stone in some as long as ones finger they will thrust out their tongues at the hole when the stone is remoued l The Brasilian Petum is neither in forme nor vertue the same with Tobacco , as Lerius saith The women take it not b Nunbo de sylva and their owne reports Peter Carder Ant. Kniuet kinsman to the Lord Kniuet c Some say the Crocodile wanteth a tongue which others deny but confesse in is very short Aignan Petiuares * See infra Maraquites Topimambazes Waymoores Tomomymenos * This name signifieth long Tobacco as he interprets Lerius otherwise Waytaquazes Abausanga-retam Wayanasses Topinaques Pories Molapaques Motayas Lopos Wayanawasons Tamoyes Tocomans Cariyoghs d Hieron Rodericus e They had so done before or else could not haue knowne the French Friers Treatise of Brasil Guaymares or Waymores as K. and as Stad Wayganna beasts of Brasil Snakes Master Kniuet Friers Treatise of Birds Fruits Trees and Herbs Oxe-fish Master T. Turner who liued in Brasil and was acquainted with Mr Kniuet saith the lesuites told him the like Lerius Nauig a This club they call Iwara Pernem which is consecrated to this mischiefe by certaine ceremonies of singing and painting b This confidence is as well in the women as in the men p Io. Stad lib. 2. cap. 29. q Stad l. 2. c. 3. r Ler. c. 16. Theuet tels otherwise of Toupan as after followes Å¿ Ler. c. 5. t Pet. Carder u Stad l. 2. c. 23. x Lerius saith That the Caraibes the Paygi are two kinds Theuet but one and Stadius mentions no more but the Paygi y A. Theuet Antarct M. Kniuet told me that one of them being tormented by the Spirit hee heard one of these Payges which spake to him and told him this was contrary to his couenant thus to torment them which death vsually followed if he so coÌ„tinued they would all goe the White men and become Christians Whereupon the Deuill left that body presently and he recouered z Maff. l. 15. Pierre du Iarric l. 3. ac 22. ad finem Friers treatise * Sup. c. 4. a Their strong drinke Feasts Orations Child-births Funerals Gentilities b Vid. Epist. 2. Diazij Henrici c Ler c. 17. d Stad l. 2. c. 5. Carder speakes of more which as in ours might well happen some Townes greater some lesser e P. Iarric l. 3. 5. Hieronimus Rodericus a Botero b Sebastian Cabot may rather be called the first discouerer c Admiranda Nauig H. S. d Herera tels of one of that name taken out of his bed by a Tygre and deuoured in a Caue f These horses so multiplyed in these parts that now they are dispersed in wild troops and they will hunt and kill them for the Hides which is a great commoditie in Angola for the tayles g Botero Generall language h Pigafetta ap Ram. Of Mag. See Mariana l. 26. Osor c. i Ed Cliffe ap Hakluyt k M. T. Candishes Voyage ap Hak. tom 3. written by Fr. Pretty l Nauig Ol. N. Seb. W. in Additan 9. par America m Th. Candish M. A. Kniuet n See Hak to 3. o Herera hath 110. Acosta saith 100. of which 70. the North-Sea floweth in and the South-Sea 30. l 3. c. 13 p Sir Richard Hawkins q Lopez Vaz Narrat d'un Portoghese ap
description Iames Hall his 4. voyage to Groenland This Gronland is Westward from Greenland 150 leagues In Greenland are no people nor wood a This Voyage was written by Iosias Hubert b Written by Will Baffin Allen. Sallowes of Redriffe told me Hall was slaine in 76. degrees c One of these Boats with the Oare is in Sir Thomas Smiths Hall in Philpot Lade d Dauis mentions the same voy 2. Io. Knight e Lambert Apâ— Sr H. Willoughby f L. â—4 c. 17. Nauig 3. Ger. de Vetr This is also the effect of Charcole wherewith in close roomes diuers haue beene smothered b M. Scory told me that on the Pike of Tenariffe they might see the Sun an houre sooner by this meanes Ex M.S.W. Baffin In my Pilgrims I haue published many Voyages and letters of Greenland written by Ionas Pooley Rob. Fotherby Tho. Edge Will. Hely Robert Salmon Thomas Sherwin Iames Beuersham Io. Chambers I. Catcher W. Goodlard c. Also to Cherry Iland in 74. by Ionas Pooley Will. Garden c. and to other Northerne parts by Hudson Playse Widhouse c. to which I referre the more industrious Reader a He communicated to me Hudsons abstract Th. Wid. house Abacuk Prickes of this voyage Sir Tho. Smith b A. Io. Crymogea Hudsons wintering A strange tree These were the worst or weakest of the Company A floud from the West a very proble argument of an open passage to the South Sea And so are their weapons and arts being farre beyond other Sauages See his Relation of the third part of my Pilgrims with others many for these parts a Such they vse in Iaua Sir Th. Button is very confident of a passage by the North West into the South sea as appeares by his Relations in the end of rhe fourth Booke of the third part of my Pilgrims Where also Mr Brigs his Map the letters of Mr Lock and Iuan de Fuca the testimonie of Th. Cowles c. further proue the same b This was after found otherwise the error growing by his meeting of Bylet and asking of the floud at this Iland which hee said was eight of the clock whereas it was about eleuen Baffin c Ex Relat. W. Baff 1615. * At this I le are store of fowles called Willockes whereof they might haue killed thousands 1616. Sir T. Smith Sir D. Digs M. Wostenholme Ald. Iones c. a W. Baffin Womens Ilands Strange Variation of the Compasse y As borderers are most vnruly and lawlesse so in these out-borders of the World the power of Natures greatest Officers the Sun c. is least seene z These things agree with the Relations of those parts which tell of Earthquakes breaking of Cliffes c. Boterus a zealous and slanderous Catholike vseth these disgracefull speeches of this discouery Ma pare che la Natura si fia opposta à gli heretici e à dissegni loro pare 1 lib. 5. a The Northerne Seas may be called frozen in respect of the Icie Ilands which by their freshnesse manifest themselues to proceed of fresh waters no experience yet shewing nor reason conuincing that the ocean alway salt and mouing is any where frozen as my Learned Friend M. Brigs a great Mathematician also affirmeth and Merula Cos l. 3. c. 5. b Edw. Haies Hak. to 3. 9. 152. c Gi. Bot. Ben. d Iaq. Cart. l. 2. c. 11. e Other say 200. f Rob. Thorne in M. Hakluyts voiages â— â— p. 21. 9 g M. Hall M. Grafton h M. Hore 1530 Hak. to 3. p. 129. i A Parkhurst Edw. Hares Sir G. Peckham Step. Parmenius Richard Clarke Christoph Carlile k Concep Bay in 48. M Guy his Letter to M. Slany l W. Colston a Thom. Iamed The Morses are said to sleepe in great troupes and to haue one Centinel or watchman to awake the rest vpon occasion the like is said of the Seales some call the Morse a Sea-horse b Charles Leigh c Iaques Cart. 5. d In an houre they might haue filled thirty Boats of Penguines might haue laden all their ships with them without any misse Siluest Wyet f Botero part â— lib. 5. g Iaq. Cart. â— h Iaq. Cart. 2. i He wintered this time in the Country k Iaq Cart. 3. l Iaq. Cart. 2. cap. 10. m M. Francis Roberual n Iohn Alphonse of Xanctoigne Hak. tom 3. Mouns Champlein b The Irocois with whom these Estechemins Algoumequins and Montainers have warres c Beades Their customs d M. Champlein e The answere of a Sagamos in cases of Religion f This somewhat agreeth with the Manichean and Pythagorean errour M. de Monts Saualets two and forty voyages to Noua Francia Armouchiquois M. du Point * Marke L'scarbot Souriquois Aoutmoins * Sagamos signifieth a King or Ruler Their beasts and huntings a S. Champlain Additions to N F. The Iroquois Ol Mag. lib. 16. cap. 51. An. 1497. a Hak. voyage tem 3. p. 246. d. Gaspar Ens. hist Ind. Oc. l. 3. c. 23. Theod. de Bry. b Briefe note of a Barke c. printed 1602. c Ioh. Brereton Gabriel Archer wrote notes thereof M. Gosnold himselfe in a Letter to his Father they resided in 41. deg. 20. minutes d Written by Martin Pring Written by Tho. Canner e Iames Rosier f Their Parents prescribe that they plant not within 100 miles of each other containe from 30. deg. to 45. g The Sauages reckon thus by dayes iourney h Christopher Fortescue i Tho. Hanham M. Chalenge made a voiage hitherward the same yeere but was taken by the Spaniards i Tho. Hanham M. Chalenge made a voyage hitherward the same yeere but was taken by the Spaniards k Iames Dauies l Io. Eliot G. Pop. Let. to S. I. Gilbert and E. S. m Ral. Gilbert n These seems to be the deformed Armouchiquois made in the telling more dreadfull o Edward Hartley p Other notes ap Hak. q See the examination of D. Baker and others of his company They tooke one prize worth 200000. crownes which was after split the Captaine and halfe his company drowned Richard Pots Tho. Studley c. a M. Wingfield writes that one Read a Smith escaped hanging by accusing Kendall who was shot to death and that Smith and he had followed if Newport had not come b Ed. Wingfield Newp iourney to Powhatan he told him of the S. seas and ships c. c Tho. Sauage he adopted also Smith and Scriuener Newports sonnes his grand-children Disc of Chesap See Pots his collections c. 6. a New life of Virginia b Ex lit multarum c A Catch perished at Sea in a Hericano the other came thither but in the returne two of them in one of which Capt. W. King was Master perished on Vshant d Ratliffe Martin Archer e Lord de la Ware f Nat. Com. Mytholog l. 4. c. 6. Hygin fab 142. c Relation to the Councell of Virginia by the Lord de la Ware 1611. d Sir Th. Dales Letter to the Committies
f Aluaro Nunez speaketh of such Kine in Florida which come hither from the North. g Her true name was Matokes which they consealed from the English in a superstitious feare of hurt by the English if her name were knowne she is now Christened Rebecca h Aboue 20. causes alleaged of ill successe in this Plantation Difficilia quae pulchra i Ouied. gen hist c. 13. l. 2. toste vengâ—â—o dall'aere del paese destati à suscitare nouita discordie è cosa propria nelle Indie c. k Sir T. Gates Sir T. Dale l Since printed at Oxford m Al. Whitaker saith not so hot as Spaine nor Winter so cold as in England n Master Rolph Alex. Whitaker now Preacher at Virginia o Hak. vol. 3. pag. 267. Theod. de Bry. part 1. America p Cap. Smith M. S. M. Whitaker M. Hamor mention also Lion q Tho. Hariot r M. George Percie writeth that one with an Arrow of an ell longth shot thorow a Target which a Pistoll could not pierce Å¿ Twelue in all Peace betwixt ours and the Sauages t They can dresse Leather finely and quickly but it will not hold our wet Habitations Officers Labourers Farmers Letters Patents for collect Henrico Bermuda Nether Hundred W. and Sh. Hundred Iames towne Kequoughton Dales Gift a Tho. Hariot Hak to 3. p. 277. These people of Sir W. Ral. his discouerie are somewhat more to the South then the present English Colonie b Weroance is a chiefe Lord or pettie King which sometime hath but one Towne and none that we had dealing with had aboue eighteen Townes vnder him c Tho. de Bry in Pictur i First voyage to Virginia Hak to 3. p. 249. k M. Rolph Lan. Hak. to 3. p. 261. l James Rosier m Theod. de Bry Icone 17. 18. seq n Newes from Virginia and a M. S. of Captaine Smith a Their Rattles are of Gourds or Pompion rindes of which they haue their treble tenor base c. b M. S. by W. S. c How could he chuse d Capt. Smith Okee or Okeeus e One of these painted on a Toadstoole fit shrine for such a deitie was by A. Whitak sent into England f Will. White Capt. Smith William White a Pocones is a small Roote which dried and beat into powder cut â— thred they vse it for swellings aches and painting b In that extremitie of miserie which ours since sustained I haue been told that both the Sauages and Fugitiues would obiect our want and their plenty for theirs and against our Religion c The cruell death of George Casson d Declaration of Vi gin a. e Priests in Virginia f Discouerie of Chesipeack 1608. b Cap. Argols Boy his name was Henry Spilman Tomocomo c I was thus told by Sir Thomas Dale d Sometimes when they are preparing to hunt he wil by some knowne signe manifest himselfe and direct them to game they all with great alacritie acknowledging that signe and following e This proued true contrary to Tomocomos minde being desirous to returne in the first ship which is gone alreadie Blacke Boyes Master Rolph f Virginia Voyage 1606. M. S. M. George Percy g Cap. Smith Ed. Mar. Wingfield h Some of them are found such i Master Rolph b Florida with i long Oriel Theat c Exped in Flor. ap T. de Bry. d Giraua c. e Gomara hist Gen. Ep. 45. Oniedo l. 16. c. 11. f Gomara Calueta g Benzo l z b The Expedition of Soto is by Mr Hakluyt set forth in English being written by a Portugal Gentleman of Elnas employed therein It was Anno 1538. c Iohn de Verraz ap Hak to 3 d Of his life there is a speciall booke e Rene Laud. ap Hak. f He was reliued by Si Iohn Hawkins great bounty g Laudonn ap Hak. h Iaques Morgues ap Theod. de Bry Amer. part 2. i Nic. Challusius Diepensis editus Latine per Caluetonem k Supplicatio ap Caluet ap Theod. de Bry. l Dom. de Gorgues ap Hak. com 3. m Cabez de Vaca ap Hak in Ep. Dedic in his Virginia richly valued n Gaspar Ens lib. 3. Botero part 1. l. 5. o America part 2. de Bry. a Laudonniere b Morgues Icon. 18. 19. c Icon. 8. d Icon. 11. e Icon. 12. e Icon. 14. g Auarus malus omnibus sibi pessimus Seneca h Icon. 26. i N. Chaluf c. 3. k Icon. 2. 8. l Laudon saith 250. but he saw them not himselfe as this our Author did this man gaue two Eagles to the French perhaps they reckon euery yeere two as in Virginia a Morgues Icon. 34. b Icon 35. c R. Laudon f These three are Iawas which are priests magicians and physicians Ramus vol. 3. q They called this place Malsatto r Al. Nunez his peregrination thorow many sauage Nations a Great suck-bigges Sodomites b Ortel Theat c Challus exped in Florid. cap. 3. d Botero Rel. part 1. l. 5. e Gasp Ent. l. 3. f Discouerie of Florida and Virginia richly valued b Benzo lib. 2. c Laudon was told this of certain Spaniards which liued in those parts d Dauid Ingram ap Hak. tom 3. Edit 1. d In his letter to the Emperour ap Hak to 3. Ramus e Marco de Nisa his relation f F. Vasquez his relation g F. Lop. c. 212. 213. 214. h Oxen of Quiuera * Taking of Tiguez b Ouid. Metamorph lib. 2. c Magellanes Victory so was his ship called had won this victory but lost her Generall d Sir Francis Drake Hak. tom 3. a Noua Albion b History of China by Fr. Juan Gonsalez de Mendosa c An. de Espeio Nouemb. 1512. d New Mexico L. T. Toletus a Fran. Vlloa apud Ramus Hak vol. 3. California f Fer. Alarchon g Sodomites h Linschoten also in his third Booke largely treateth of the course of these and other Nauigations l He dyed this last Winter 1616. k The Spaniards call all that the South Sea which is on the further side of America l Gomara his third part of the Conquest of the West Indies translated into English by T. Nicolas m Of this Voiage Reade P. Martyrs fourth Decade and Gomara part 1. and of all which followes in this Chapter P. Mart. Dec. 5. Com. vbi supra and Cortes his owne large Narration to the Emperour Ap. Ramus Vol. 3. Indian simplicitie Potonchan called Victorie Spanish incurable sicknesse Note for fashion-mongers Zempoallan Panuco Vera Crux Bloudy Sacrifices Tlaxcallan a great Citie Chololla Store of Temples and deuotions Popocatepec a burning Hill Mutezumas Religion f The like speech he had made at first to Corte who easily wrought on that aduantage applying this Tradition to the Spaniards Cortes Narrat Mutezumas death p N. di Gus ap Ram. vol. 3. q Lit. P. Aluarado Dieg. Godoy ap Ram. vol 3. r Relat. del Temistitan ca. a Bocero part 1. lib. 5. Ios. Acosta l. 7. Lop. de Gom.