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A10231 Purchas his pilgrimage. Or Relations of the vvorld and the religions obserued in all ages and places discouered, from the Creation vnto this present Contayning a theologicall and geographicall historie of Asia, Africa, and America, with the ilands adiacent. Declaring the ancient religions before the Floud ... The fourth edition, much enlarged with additions, and illustrated with mappes through the whole worke; and three whole treatises annexed, one of Russia and other northeasterne regions by Sr. Ierome Horsey; the second of the Gulfe of Bengala by Master William Methold; the third of the Saracenicall empire, translated out of Arabike by T. Erpenius. By Samuel Purchas, parson of St. Martins by Ludgate, London. Purchas, Samuel, 1577?-1626.; Makīn, Jirjis ibn al-ʻAmīd, 1205-1273. Taŕikh al-Muslimin. English.; Methold, William, 1590-1653.; Horsey, Jerome, Sir, d. 1626. 1626 (1626) STC 20508.5; ESTC S111832 2,067,390 1,140

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is King of the whole world hauing in the word Echad many superstitious subtilties that the letter Daleth in regard of his place in the Alphabet signifieth foure and the word Echad contayneth in numerall letters two hundred fortie and fiue whereunto adding three hael elohechem emes God our Lord is true they make vp the number of two hundred fortie and eight and so many members there are in mans bodie for euerie member a prayer secures them all And this verse thrice recited secureth against the ill spirit They esteeme it a holy prayer by which miracles may bee wrought and therefore vse it morning and euening They haue another prayer called Schone esre that is eighteene because it contayneth so many thankesgiuing which they say twice a day and the chiefe chanter of the Synagogue singeth it twice by himselfe They thinke by this prayer to obtaine remission of their sinnes They must pray it standing so that one foot must not stand more on the ground then the other like the Angels And their foote was a right foote When they come to those words in it Holy holy holy Lord God of hosts they leape vp three times aloft And hee say their Chachamim which speaketh a word during this prayer shall haue burning coales giuen him to eate after his death These eighteene thanksgiuings are for the eighteene bones in the chine or back-bone which must in saying hereof be bended After this followeth a prayer against the Iewes reuolted to Christianitie and against all Christians saying These which are blotted out that is reuolters shall haue no more hope and all vnbeleeuers shall perish in the twinkling of an eye and all thine enemies which hate thee O GOD shall be destroyed and the proud and presumptuous Kingdome shall quickly be rooted out broken layd euen with the ground and at last shall vtterly perish and thou shalt make them presently in our dayes obedient to vs Blessed art thou God which breakest and subduest them which are rebellious They call the Turkish Empire the Kingdome of Ismael the Roman Edomiticall proud c. They are themselues indeed exceeding proud impatient and desirous of reuenge The Talmud sayth That the lying spirit in the mouth of Achabs Prophets which perswaded him to goe and fall at Ramoth Gilead was none other but the spirit of Naboth whom hee had before flaine And Victor Carbensis a Christian Iew testifieth That there are not vnder heauen a more quarrelsome people themselues acknowledging the Christians farre meeker then themselues when they haue this Prouerb that the modestie of the Christians the wisedome and industrie of the Heathens and faith of the Iewes are the three pillers which sustaine the world But to returne to their deuotions After those other before mentioned followeth a prayer for the good sort for Proselytes reedifying of the Temple for sending the Messias and restauration of their Kingdome In the end they pray GOD to keepe them in peace and when they come to these words Hee that makes peace aboue shall make peace ouer all Israel Amen they goe backe three paces bow themselues downewards bend their head on the right hand then on the left if some Christian bee there with an Image they must not bow but lift vp their heart This they doe for honours sake not to turne their hinder parts on the Arke and thus they goe like Crabbes out of the Synagogue vsing certaine prayers not running but with a slow pace lest they should seeme glad that their Mattins were done Other their niceties in praying as laying the right hand on the left ouer the heart not spetting nor breaking winde vp or downe not interrupted by a King to cease prayer to shake his bodie this way and that way not to touch his naked bodie and to say Amen with all his heart for they that say Amen are worthie to say it in the world to come And therefore Dauid endeth a Psalme with Amen Amen signifying that one is to bee said heere and the other in the other world also in a plaine eminent place purged from all filth freed from the sight of women his face to the East standing his feet close together fixing his eyes on the ground eleuating the heart to heauen c. I hold it enough thus to mention Their praying to the East must be vnderstood from our Westerne parts because Ierusalem standeth that way for otherwise Rambam sheweth that Abraham prayed in Mount Moriah toward the West and the Sanctum Sanctorum was in the West which place also Abraham set forth and determined And because the Gentiles worshipped the Sunne toward the rising therefore Abraham worshipped Westward and appointed the Sanctuarie so to stand The Talmud saith Praying to the South bringeth wisdome toward the North riches I might heere also adde their Letanie and Commemoration of their Saints almost after the Popish fashion As thus for a taste Wee haue sinned before thee haue mercie on vs O Lord doe it for thy names sake and spare Israel thy people Lord doe it for Abraham thy perfect one and spare Israel thy people Lord doe it for him which was bound in thy porches to wit in Mount Moriah where the Temple was afterward builded and spare Israel thy people Lord doe it for him which was heard in the ladder Iacob from thy high place and spare Israel thy people Lord doe it for the merit of Ioseph thy holy one c. Lord doe it for him which was drawne out of the waters Moses and spare c. Lord doe it for Aaron the Priest with Vrim and Thummim Lord grant it for him that was zealous for thy name Phineas Lord doe it for the sweet Singer Dauid Lord doe it for him which built thine house They name not any but expresse him after this sort And then proceed in like manner with the titles attributes and workes of GOD. Doe it for thy Name Doe it for thy Goodnesse for thy Couenant thy Law thy Glorie c. in seuerall versicles And then to their Saints in a new passage Doe it for Abraham Isaac and Iacob Doe it for Moses and Aaron for Dauid and Salomon as if their combined forces should effect more then single Doe it for Ierusalem the holy Citie for Sion for the destruction of thy house for the poore Israelites for the bare Israelites for the miserable Israelites for the Widdowes and Orphans for the sucking and wained and if not for our sake yet for thine owne sake Then in another forme Thou which hearest the poore heare vs thou which hearest the oppressed heare vs Thou which heardest Abraham c. With renuing a commemoration of their Saints larger then before and after some repeating the diuine titles in another tune they oppose their Saint and wicked ones together as Remember not the lye of Achan but remember Iosua forgiuing him and remember Heli and Samuel and so on in a tedious length CHAP. XVI Of their Ceremonies at home after
in abomination presently The Samaritan if he meeteth a Iew Christian or Mahumetan he saith vnto them Touch me not Scaliger out of the Arabian Geographer telleth of an Iland still inhabited with these Samaritans in the red Sea which appeareth by their custome when any comes on shore forbidding to touch them This arrogant superstition remaineth with them The Samaritan Chronicle is cited by Eusebius Chron. graec l. 1. Scaliger saith hee had a copie of their great Chronicle translated out of Hebrew into Arabian but in Samaritan Letters It differeth somewhat from the Hebrew account The Iewes confound the Samaritans and Sadducees as if they were but one Sect The difference hath appeared for the Sadducees accept all the Bible the Samaritans Moses only The Sadducees denyed the soules immortalitie and reward The Samaritans in their Chronicle acknowledge both a place of reward and punishment after this life But whether they beleeue the Resurrection or no he doubteth The Sadducees denie Spirits Angels Diuels the Samaritans confesse them The Samaritans also vse still those ancient Letters called Phoenician which the Hebrewes vsed before the captiuitie which whoso listeth to view let him see their Characters and Scaligers large notes thereon in his Annotations vpon Eusebius Chronicle and a briefe of their Chronicle and Kalender therein written in his Emendation as before is said Which they beginne very Religiously after their manner In the name of Iah the GOD of Israel There is none like to Iah our GOD. One Iehoua GOD of GODS LORD of LORDS a great GOD strong and terrible There is none like to the GOD Ieschurun the GOD of ABRAHAM ISAAC IACOB IOSEPH and our Lord MOSES ELEAZAR and PHINEAS He confirme vnto you the blessing of our Lord MOSES IEHOVA GOD of our Fathers adde vnto you as many as yee are a thousand times and blesse you This inscription the great Synagogue of Garizim alwaies vse when they write to other Samaritan-Synagogues the Kalender of the yeere following They are very ignorant of Antiquities and know none other but that they came thither with Moses out of Aegypt neither can they tell any thing of the old Kings or defection of the ten Tribes vnder Ieroboam They lightly touch the names of Samson Samuel Dauid and others in their Chronicle which they call the booke of Iosue Ptolemaus Lagi conueyed Colonies of them into the Cities of Aegypt the Reliques whereof are those Samaritans which haue a Synagogue in the great Citie Cairo And those also in the Iland before mentioned In respect of the Mount Garizim the seate and Sanctuarie of their holies the Samaritans call themselues men which belong to the blessed Hill and still euery yeere they in Aegypt receiue from the great Synode of Garizim the type of the yeere following two of which Scaliger had seene and hath expressed one of them The Samaritans were diuided also into diuers sects as Epiphanius rehearseth One whereof were called Dositheans if it be lawfull to reckon them Samaritans which acknowledged as Epiphanius acknowledgeth of them the Resurrection of the dead They abstaine from such things as haue life some of them from marriage after they haue beene before married and some continue in Virginitie They obserue circumcision and the Sabbath and they touch no man but hold euery man in abomination Report goeth also of their fasting and exercises They had name of Dositheus who being a Iew and hauing well profited in their Law but not receiuing promotion sutable to his ambition reuolted to the Samaritans and hatched this sect amongst them And when afterwards in a singularitie he had gone aside into a Caue and there mewed vp himselfe and persisted in hypocrisie and fasting he there died as the fame goeth through his wilfull want of bread and water After a few daies some resorting to him found his dead body crawling with wormes and compassed with flies Of this name Dositheus there were diuers Two of them liued after the comming of Christ One a Iew sonne of R. Iannai the other a Samaritan which endeuoured to perswade his Countrimen that he was the Christ which Moses had prophecied of as Origen reporteth and saith of him are the Dositheans named Another is mentioned in Iohasin who liued in the time of Christ the Disciple of Sammai And before these was another Dosthai the sonne also of Iannas of whom it is said in Ilmednu that Senacherib sent R. Dostha to Samaria to teach the Samaritans the Law This seemeth to be he whom before out of Epiphanius wee haue called Esdras the first founder of the Samaritan heresie And so Tertullian saith of him Dositheus the Samaritan was the first that reiected the Prophets as not hauing spoken by the holy Ghost The like testimonie Hierome giueth of him His colleague and companion is said to be one Sebua the supposed author of the Sebuaeans In Ilmedenu he is called Sebaia or Sebuia Dositheus also taught that how and in what position of body he was in the Sabbath morning in the same he ought to continue all that day without change of gesture or place that if he did sit he should sit in the same place all day long and so of lying or other habit of body The Author of this Dosithean Sect properly so called liued as Scaliger thinketh about or at the destruction of the Temple and could not be that first Dustai or Dosthai The Sebuaeans you haue heard in Drusius opinion haue their name of Sebuia the companion of Dosthai sent by Senacherib or rather by Esarhaddon which if it be so it seemeth this Sect is ancient haply nothing differing from the other Samaritans Epiphanius maketh a difference but the cause he alledgeth was the Iewes refusall of their helpe at Ierusalem which was common to all the Samaritans The difference he alledgeth is the transposing of their solemnities for that quarrell betwixt them and the Iewes from the Iewish times so that they kept their Passe-ouer in August which they made the beginning of their yeere Pentecost in Autumne and that of Tabernacles when the Iewes kept their Passe-ouer neither might they sacrifice in Garizim obseruing such differing solemnities Scaliger whom I shame not thus often to name in relation of these things too intricate for mine owne or for common wits to finde both in his Treatise against Serarius cap. 1. and 21. and in his Canons Isagog lib. 3. dissenteth from Epiphanius saying that they dissented not from the other Samaritans but that the name was a common name which the Iewes ascribed to the Samaritans It signifieth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Weekers Which name they gaue them because that euerie weeke betweene the Passe-ouer and Pentecost they obserued that day of the weeke in which the computation of the fiftie daies beganne with as great solemnitie as the feast of Pentecost it selfe This day from which the reckoning beganne was called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the second because
want of light nor is it without an euill smell Without the gate fiue paces is the Pond Zunzun that blessed Pond which the Angell shewed to Agar for her sonne Ismael Of their Feast Baraim is said alreadie About sixe daies after they be come hither to Mecca they celebrate another Feast called Bine Baraim that is the great Feast which is also called The Feast of the Ram. In those daies space they prepare themselues hereunto with due ceremonies First departing from the Carouan guided with such as are skilfull in the way they goe twentie or thirtie in a companie walking thorow a street which ascendeth by little and little till they come vnto a certaine gate whereon is written in Marble Babel Salema that is the gate of Health And from this place is descried the great Mosquita and twice saluted saying Peace to thee Messenger of God Then proceeding on their way they finde an Arch on their right hand whereon they ascend fiue steps vpon which is a great void place made of stone after descending fiue other steps and proceeding the space of a flight-shoot they finde another Arch like vnto the first and this way from the one Arch to the other they goe and come seuen times saying alwaies some of their prayers which they say the afflicted Hagar said whiles she sought and found not water for her sonne After this Ceremonie thy enter into the Mosquita and drawing neere vnto the house of Abraham they go round about it other seuen times alwaies saying This is the house of GOD and of his seruant ABRAHAM This done they goe and kisse that blacke stone abouesaid and then goe they to the Pond Zunzun and in their apparell as they be wash themselues from head to foot saying Tobah Allah Tobah Allah Pardon Lord Pardon Lord drinking also of that muddie vnsauourie water and thus returne they cleansed from all their sins Euerie Pilgrime performeth these Ceremonies once at the least the deuouter sort often An hundred yeeres since these Ceremonies were somewhat different after Barthemaes relation On the three and twentieth of May the people before day compassed that house of Abraham seuen times alway touching and kissing euery corner Ten or twelue paces from this house was another in manner of a Chappell with three or foure gates and in the middest thereof a pit of brackish water threescore and ten yards deepe Thereat stand sixe or eight men appointed to draw water for the people who after their seuen-fold Ceremonie come to the brink and say All this be for the honor of God and the pittifull God pardon me my sins Then doe those other powre vpon them three buckets full of water from the top of their heads to their feet be their garments neuer so costly The Carouan hauing abode at Mecca fiue dayes the night before the euening of their Feast the Captaine with all his company setteth forwards towards the Mountaine of Pardons called Iabel Arafata distant from Mecca fifteene miles This Mountaine or small Hill rather is in compasse two miles inuironed round about with the goodliest Plaine that a mans eye hath seen and that Plaine compassed with high Mountains Vpon the side towards Mecca there are many pipes of cleare fresh water wherewith the people refresh themselues and their cattell Adam and Eue when they were banished Paradise after they had beene separated fortie yeeres one in Nubia and the other in India as you heard before met at this pleasant place and here inhabited and built a little house which they call at this day Beyt-Adam the house of Adam Hither come also the same day the other Carouans of Arabia and Damasco and all the inhabitants for ten dayes iourney round about so that at one time here is to be seene aboue two hundred thousand persons and three hundred thousand cattell Now all this company meeting together the night before the Feast the three Hostes cast themselues into a triangle setting the Mountaine in the middest and fill Heauen and Earth with shouting singing hallowing gun-shot and fire-works all that night The next day being their Feast in silence they attend their sacrifices and prayers onely And in the euening they which haue horses mount thereon and approach as nigh vnto the Mountaine as they can others make the best shift they can on foot giuing euer vnto the Captaine of Cairo the chiefe place the second to the Captaine of Damasco and the third to the Captaine of Arabia And being all approached there commeth one of the Santones mounted on a Camell well furnished who at the other side of the Mountaine ascendeth fiue steps into a Pulpit made for that purpose and there maketh a Sermon to the people The Contents whereof are the benefits which GOD hath bestowed on them deliuerance from Idolatrie giuing them the house of Abraham and the Mountaine of Pardons adding that the mercifull GOD commanded his Secretary Abraham to build him an house in Mecca wherein his successours might be heard at which time all the Mountaines in the world came together thither with sufficiencie of stones for the building therof except that little low hill which for pouertie could not goe to discharge this debt for the which it became sorrowfull and wept thirtie yeeres at the end whereof God in compassion said vnto it Weepe no more my daughter comfort thy selfe I will cause all those that goe to the house of my seruant Abraham that they shall not be absolued from their sinnes vnlesse they first come to doe thee reuerence to keepe in this place their holiest Feast And this I haue commanded to my people by the mouth of my friend and Prophet Mahomet This said he exhorteth them to the loue of God to prayer and almes The Sermon ended at the Sun-setting they make three prayers first for the Seriffo second for the grand Signior the third for the people to which prayers all with one voyce cry Amin la Alla Amin Ia Alla Be it so Lord Barthema addeth to the Sermon the Cadi or Santones exhortation to weepe for their sinnes and knocke their breasts with inuocation of Abraham and Isaac to pray for the people of the Prophet and reporteth further that there were killed on the first day more then thirtie thousand Rams or Sheepe toward the West and giuen to the poore of which there were thirtie or fortie thousand Thus hauing had the Santones blessing and saluted the Mountaine of Pardon they returne the way they came in the middest of which way is a place called Mina and a little from thence foure great Pillars two on each side of the way If any passe not thorow the middest of these he loseth all the merit of his Pilgrimage And from the Mount of Pardons till they be passed these pillars none dare looke backeward for feare lest his sins which he hath left in the Mountaine returne to him againe Being past these Pillars euery one lighteth downe seeking in this sandie field fiftie or threescore little