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A43789 Dissertation concerning the antiquity of temples wherein is shewn, that there were none before the tabernacle, erected by Moses in the wilderness from histories, sacred and profane. Hill, Joseph, 1625-1707. 1696 (1696) Wing H1998; ESTC R19706 45,384 60

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know full well that when such Ceremonies and Place for the performance performance of them were appointed by God they were appointed in all the parts of them for mysterious Prefigurations and therefore are called shadows of good things to come Col. 2.17 Heb. 10.1 Yea and some of them tending to the extream confusion of Satan and his Kingdom yet such as should be brought to pass by Satan's own Counsel and Practises as namely the betraying and crucifying of the Son of God and therefore the Lord saw it sit that the preaching and practising of such Mysteries which in due time should be revealed should be carried in the mean time in the Clouds of Types and Figures so that Satan himself should not be able to discover the depth of them until the time came wherein they were accomplished And indeed there is no greater glory of God that manifests it self in the course of his Providence than the glory of his Wisdom 1 Cor. 1.10 20. and this is most seen in taking the Wise in their craftiness and going beyond them throughout and making their Devices vain that it may appear the wisest of them are but fools in comparison of him not only amongst Men but among the Angels also For the holy Angels are taken with a great desire to peer into these Mysteries and hereby is made known unto them the manifold wisdom of God 1 Pet. 1.12 Eph. 3.10 Rom. 11.33 O the depth of the riches both of the knowledge and wisdom of God how unsearchable are his judgments and his ways past finding out For who hath known the mind of the Lord or who hath been his counsellor 5. Therefore it stood Satan upon it to observe what course the Lord would be pleased to take for his outward Service that so he might use his best endeavour to oppose it either by alienating the minds of men from that kind of Service or by corrupting it drawing their hearts from God and working them to bestow that Service upon the Creature An instance of the first kind we may observe in the Egyptians in whom he wrought an extream alienation from the Hebrews for such was their Superstition that they might not eat with the Hebrews Gen. 43.32 for that was an abomination to the Egyptians These Hebrews were the People of God so called from the Patriarch Heber who was great Grandfather to Abraham's great Grandfather Serug This Heber lived Nineteen years in the days of Jacob who came down into Egypt It seems he had a numerous Posterity and that might make him and his the more known in the World even to Pharaoh and the Egyptians in Jacob's days For one of his Sons Joktan by name had Thirteen Sons as the Scripture doth express And Sem that holy Patriarch is peculiarly noted in Scripture to be the Father of the Sons of Heber though he were Heber's great Grandfather And this notion had a mystery in the signification of it as Moulin conceives For 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 faith he is as much as Passengers 1 Pet. 2.11 And such is the condition of God's Children here they are but Strangers and Pilgrims It is afterwards said Gen. 46 34. that every Shepherd was an abomination to the Egyptians * Vid. Cunaeus de rep Hebr. l. 1. c. 5. This we must understand aright namely of such Shepherds only as the Hebrews were who did kill and eat Sheep or kill and sacrifice them For it is apparent that the Egyptians themselves kept Sheep and therefore when Joseph bought their Cattel of them for Bread-corn these are reckoned up to have been not their Horses and their Asses only but their Flocks and Herds also And Exod. 9.3 God threatens to lay his hand upon their Sheep to destroy them but the sacrificing of them this was it which the Egyptians accounted abomination And therefore when Pharaoh called for Moses and for Aaron and said Exod. 8.25 16. Go ye and sacrifice to your God in the Land Moses forthwith answered and said It is not meet so to do For we shall sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians to the Lord our God Lo shall we sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians before their eyes and will they not stone us Nor the sacrificing of them only but to kill them for Food was an abomination to the Egyptians And therefore whereas we read Gen. 39.6 that Potiphar left all that he had in Joseph ' s hands save the bread which he did eat this both Junius and Schindler render thus save the meat that he did eat and Shindler gives the reason why he would not have Joseph meddle with that to wit because he was Carnis Esor an Eater of Flesh Quia eo tempore Egyptij non comedebant carnem nec lac Schindler on the Root 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 nec mactabant oves borum pastores comestores abominabantur The Egyptians in those days did not eat Flesh nor Milk nor killed Sheep and the Keepers and Eaters of Sheep were an abomination unto them And Eusebius in the Second Book of his Evangelical Preparation p. 49. Graeco-Lat makes an enumeration of the Creatures which are Sacred amongst the Egyptians amongst which are Sheep and adds That if any man do purposely kill any one of them morte damnatur he is put to death These Superstitions were very ancient among the Egyptians even in the days of Moses and in the days of Joseph before Jacob's coming down thither and how long before I know not 6. Nevertheless the Devil being not able to expectorate out of the hearts of all men that Opinion which had taken deep root namely That as there was a God one or more which governed the World and who brought sore Judgments upon them for their sins so this God or Gods were to be appeased by some course or other and no such course for this as Sacrifices a course whereof was derived from Noah to all his Posterity Therefore the Devil had another way to dishonour God by drawing them to Sacrifice to Idols and to Creatures instead of the Creator yea and to the Devil himself being deluded by his Oracles and that in most barbarous manner for at length he brought them to Sacrifice Men Women and Children unto him and that under great shew of Devotion whereof we read largely in very many Authors both Ancient and Modern I will only mention one notable Story in Pansanias How when a Temple became polluted by the impure courses of a young Man and Maid the Devil gave forth by his Oracle that this Prophanation was to be expiated by Sacrifice and no Sacrifice would serve the turn but this Every year a young Man and Maid must be sacrificed to that God whose Temple had thus been defiled And this barbarous course continued for certain years only they bestowed a denomination upon this God of theirs calling him 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the rigid or cruel God And accordingly I am of opinion that like
Io Argiva the Story of whom the Poet calls Argumentum ingens in Virgil wherewith drawn to the Life he feigns Turnus his Buckler was flourished when he came into the Field against AEneas and that because he was the Progeny of Acrisius and Inachus Kings of Argos At laevem clypeum sublatis cornibus Io Auro insignibat jam set is obsita jam Bos Argumentum ingens custos Virginis Argos Caelataque amnem fundens Pater Inachus urna For whereas Poets feign that Io was turned into an Oxe by Jupiter being found by Juno the truth seems to be no other than this Osiris was that Jupiter and being represented by Bos mas no marvel if hereupon she becoming his Wife they feigned her to be turned into Bos foemina And whereas it is further feigned that Argos was set by Juno to watch her this Argos fairly represents Osiris also her Husband under another Notion namely as in an Hieroglyphical Interpretation he is taken for the Sun For such was the Oxe representing Osiris full of white Spots and whose Hair was towards the Head to signifie the Sun 's proper Motion from West to East contrary to the general Motion of the Heavens from East to West though Astronomers think otherwise in these days And the Stars of Heaven by Aristotles Doctrine receive their Light from the Sun Afterwards Poets feign that by Juno's means she was Oestro percita plagued with an Hornet and driven to fly into Egypt the Truth whereof was no other than Ostris his marrying of her and carrying her over with him into Egypt and there saith Servius she was turned into Isis Aug. de Civit. Dei l. 18. c. 3. Jo filia Inachi this is that Argumentum ingens Virgil speaks of in reference to the true Story obscurely carried and drest by the Wits of Poets But some rubs I find lying in the way to hinder us in the Acknowledgment of so great Antiquity of Isis and Osiris For whereas Danaus that fled from his Brother Egyptus out of Egypt unto Argos in Grece is stiled by Mr. Lydiat à Belo Egyptio oriundus by this Belus meaning Osiris as from whom Danaus was derived but afar off as who is accompted but the 10th King of Argos beginning from Inachus Egyptus the Brother of Danaus I find stiled Beli filius the Son of Belus in a Monument of him erected in a Temple of Serapis the City of Patrae or Aroe a City of Achaia as Pausanias relates in his Achaicis Yet this is not of force to take me off from following Mr. Lydiate in this I understand filius here in a larger sense than to take it for a Son begotten of Belus and that it is no more than à Belo oriundus one that was derived from Belus For it is not credible that Pharaoh whom the Lord drowned in the Red-Sea or any of his Posterity or his Father was Osiris the great God of the Egyptians as before hath been argued As also that the Gods of Egypt in Moses his days were not the same with the Gods of Egypt in the days of Joseph Another rub is cast in the way by Ludovicus Vives upon Austin de Civit Dei lib. 18. c. 3. Pausanias affirmeth saith he that she was the Daughter of Jasius the sixth King of Argos Yet he confesseth that Valerius Flaccus in his Argonautes lib. 4. calls Jovem Inachidem but withal he takes notice that he calls her Jastam virginem as much as to say the Daughter of Jesius yet she might be called Inachides nevertheless because she descended from Inachus who was the first Founder of that Kingdom and Author of their Nobility He gives also another Reason drawn from the Testimony of Eusebius both in his Chronicles and in his tenth Book of Evangelical Preparation testifying that this Jo lived in the days of Triapas the seventh King of Argos 400 years after Inachus And indeed thus I find it in Pausanias in his Corinthiacks 58. that Triapas had two Sons Jasus and Agenow and that Jo was the Daughter of Jasus and so two Ages after Triapas and but one before Danaus who was after the time of Moses his leading the Children of Israel out of Egypt which I willingly confess is nothing probable and though this be to my greater advantage in this present Argument yet I choose rather to hold with Mr. Lydiate still so utterly improbable and unlikely it is t●a● Pharoah who was drowned in the Red-Sea or his Father either was Osiris the times of Moses and of Joseph are so congenerous as touching the same Saperstitions in course among the Egyptians And as touching Pansanias this I find that howsoever he writes thus in his Corinthiacks yet in his first Book called Attica reckoning up the Statues which were found in the Town of the Athenians two were of Women Jo the Daughter of Inachus and Calisto the Daughter of Lycaon whose Fortunes he saith were represented to be much the same both as touching Jupiter's Love and Juno's Wrath and the Metamorphosis of each the one into a Cow the other into a Bear But then you will say the more antient Osiris was the more evident it is that Temples were in use long before Moses yea divers hundred years Whereto I answer though I grant the greatest Antiquity ascribed to them and do not help my self with Testimonies out of the antient Fathers as Clemens Alexandrinus lib. 1. Stromat Tertullian in his Apology cap. 9. Justinus in his Oration against the Gentiles and Tatianus in his Oration against the Greeks and Epiphanius in his first Book against Heresies yea and of divers prophane Authors alledged by Eusebius in his tenth Book of Evangelical Preparation and third Chapter all testifying that Inachus King of Argos reigned in the days of Moses because Inachus by the computation of times was much elder for which v. Usher A.M. 2174. Yet Diodorus his Testimony of a Temple built by Osiris himself deserves no credit for he doth but relate what he heard from the Priests of Egypt who told Herodotus that between Orus his Reign and that ancient Amosis we speak of Contemporary to Inachus there were no less than 15000 years And as for Jupiter and Juno we know such Deities received by the Egyptians were no other than Osiris and Isis themselves which all the Egyptians worshipt as Herodotus testifies so did they not any other God And if there were any such building of Temples in Egypt in those ancient times when the Israelites were so much imployed in making of such store of Brick in all likely hood these Bricks would have been imployed about such sacred uses but the Scripture testifies that they were imployed about the building of certain Cities to be made Store houses for the King It is true Clemens Alexandrinus was to seek whether Phoroneus or Merops was the first Founder of Temples Phoroneus we know was the Son of Inachus and second King of Argos and Brother to Jo or Isis but who Merops was