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Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
life_n estate_n land_n tenant_n 4,546 5 9.9060 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A75960 The power & practice of court-leets with the manner of keeping a court of survey for mannors, lands and tenements. Also, certain dubious cases in law opened and interpreted. Published for the common good of all, both landlords, tenants and others. By Ph. Ag. of Grays Inne, Esq. Ag., Ph. 1666 (1666) Wing A752; ESTC R225967 50,935 146

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the_o power_n &_o practice_n of_o court-leet_n with_o the_o manner_n of_o keep_v a_o court_n of_o survey_n for_o manor_n land_n and_o tenement_n also_o certain_a dubious_a case_n in_o law_n open_v and_o interpret_v publish_a for_o the_o common_a good_a of_o all_o both_o landlord_n tenant_n and_o other_o by_o ph._n ag._n of_o gray_n inn_n esq_n london_n print_v for_o samuel_n speed_v at_o the_o rainbow_n in_o fleetstreet_n 1666._o these_o follow_a law-book_n with_o variety_n of_o other_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v by_o samuel_n speed_v at_o the_o rainbow_n in_o fleetstreet_n have_v upon_o the_o case_n for_o deed_n viz._n contract_n assumpsit_n deceit_n nuisance_n trover_n and_o conversion_n delivery_n of_o good_n and_o for_o other_o male-feasance_a and_o mis-feasance_a by_o w._n sheppard_n esq_n in_o folio_n declaration_n and_o plead_n contain_v in_o the_o eleven_o part_n of_o the_o report_n of_o sir_n edward_n cook_n sometime_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n in_o folio_n the_o antiquity_n authority_n uses_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o ancient_a court_n of_o leet_n or_o view_v of_o frankepledge_a with_o a_o explication_n of_o the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n and_o the_o king_n royal_a office_n of_o protection_n annex_v by_o robert_n powel_n of_o new-inn_n gent._n in_o quarto_n a_o abridgement_n in_o english_a of_o the_o case_n report_v by_o sir_n francis_n more_o sergeant_n at_o law_n by_o w._n hugh_n of_o gray_n inn_n esq_n in_o octavo_n a_o learned_a treatise_n of_o ward_n and_o livery_n by_o the_o right_n honourable_a and_o learned_a sir_n james_n ley_n in_o octavo_n the_o ancient_a and_o present_a manner_n of_o hold_v parliament_n in_o england_n with_o their_o privilege_n by_o h._n elsing_n esq_n sometime_o clerk_n to_o the_o honourable_a house_n of_o commons_o in_o octavo_n the_o book_n of_o oath_n and_o the_o several_a form_n thereof_o both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a in_o twelves_o the_o complete_a lawyer_n or_o a_o treatise_n concern_v tenor_n and_o estate_n in_o land_n of_o inheritance_n for_o life_n by_o sir_n will._n noy_n of_o lincoln_n inn_n attorney-general_n to_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o in_o octavo_n the_o tenant_n law_n a_o treatise_n very_o useful_a for_o tenant_n and_o farmer_n of_o all_o kind_n and_o all_o other_o person_n whatsoever_o by_o r._n t._n gent._n in_o twelve_o the_o antiquity_n extent_n and_o power_n of_o court-leet_n and_o the_o form_n of_o keep_v they_o if_o antiquity_n may_v offer_v itself_o in_o plea_n for_o authority_n then_o good_a cause_n have_v this_o court_n to_o challenge_v equality_n if_o not_o pre-eminence_n above_o any_o in_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o england_n for_o it_o be_v establish_v long_o before_o the_o conquest_n and_o in_o those_o day_n hold_v plea_n of_o all_o matter_n in_o difference_n either_o for_o meum_fw-la and_o tuum_fw-la the_o two_o great_a adversary_n in_o the_o world_n or_o pro_fw-la placitis_fw-la coronae_fw-la which_o intend_v general_o the_o keep_n of_o common_a peace_n and_o welfare_n in_o a_o nation_n which_o be_v the_o crown_n and_o dignity_n thereof_o and_o the_o breach_n thereof_o be_v apt_o call_v crimen_fw-la lesae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la and_o so_o due_o and_o impartial_o in_o those_o day_n be_v the_o liberty_n and_o law_n of_o this_o court_n observe_v that_o it_o be_v yet_o and_o ever_o will_v be_v record_v among_o our_o legenda_fw-la aurea_fw-la that_o in_o those_o day_n a_o child_n may_v travel_v safe_o in_o the_o road_n with_o a_o bag_n of_o gold_n without_o danger_n and_o then_o the_o way_n be_v more_o dangerous_a in_o regard_n of_o wood_n be_v more_o full_a of_o wood_n but_o i_o think_v not_o so_o well_o store_v with_o thief_n as_o now_o so_o that_o we_o have_v destroy_v the_o one_o and_o yet_o in_o too_o much_o plenty_n reserve_v the_o other_o but_o to_o avoid_v digression_n and_o prolixity_n too_o we_o shall_v proceed_v to_o the_o formality_n of_o proceed_v in_o a_o court-leet_n as_o now_o it_o be_v and_o by_o the_o way_n observe_v that_o all_o manner_n of_o crime_n from_o the_o high_a treason_n to_o the_o low_a trespass_n be_v here_o enquirable_a though_o not_o punishable_a of_o wh●ch_n in_o order_n you_o shall_v have_v a_o perfect_a description_n a_o court-leet_n be_v at_o most_o keep_v but_o twice_o a_o year_n in_o some_o place_n but_o once_o and_o in_o some_o lazy_a lordship_n not_o at_o all_o but_o leave_v as_o a_o thing_n obsolete_a and_o useless_a the_o manner_n thereof_o be_v first_o about_o fourteen_o day_n before_o the_o court_n be_v to_o be_v keep_v for_o the_o bailiff_n to_o give_v notice_n thereof_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o precept_n to_o be_v by_o the_o steward_n of_o the_o court_n pro_fw-la tempore_fw-la existente_fw-la to_o he_o direct_v which_o usual_o run_v after_o this_o form_n the_o summons_n for_o a_o court-leet_n h._n ss_z a._n b._n gent._n steward_n of_o the_o manor_n or_o hundred_o or_o leet_n aforesaid_a to_o the_o bailiff_n thereof_o greeting_n i_o command_v you_o that_o you_o summon_v and_o warn_v all_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n as_o well_o resident_n as_o not_o resident_n and_o all_o customary_a tenant_n of_o the_o manor_n aforesaid_a that_o they_o be_v before_o i_o at_o h._n aforesaid_a on_o thursday_n the_o 26_o day_n of_o march_n next_o come_v to_o do_v their_o suit_n unto_o the_o view_n of_o frankpledge_a and_o all_o thing_n thereunto_o belong_v etc._n etc._n dated_n etc._n etc._n then_o the_o steward_n ought_v to_o enter_v on_o the_o court-roll_n the_o style_n of_o the_o court_n which_o be_v usual_o after_o this_o manner_n the_o entry_n of_o a_o court-leet_n together_o with_o a_o courtbaron_n h._n ss_z the_o view_n of_o frankpledge_a with_o the_o courtbaron_n of_o c._n l._n esq_n lord_n of_o the_o same_o there_o hold_v the_o 20_o day_n of_o march_n etc._n etc._n by_o a._n b._n steward_n there_o then_o make_v three_o proclamation_n when_o you_o call_v the_o court_n and_o then_o a_o proclamation_n fbr_fw-fr essoins_fw-fr and_o proffer_n of_o suit_n and_o plea_n which_o if_o any_o be_v enter_v they_o in_o the_o court-roll_n and_o afterward_o proceed_v to_o impannel_n and_o swear_v the_o jury_n for_o the_o inquest_n swear_v first_o the_o foreman_n by_o himself_o and_o then_o the_o rest_n by_o two_o or_o three_o at_o a_o time_n the_o oath_n be_v usual_o the_o same_o in_o substance_n and_o not_o differ_v much_o in_o form_n from_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o foreman_n to_o a_o grand_a inquest_n in_o assize_n and_o session_n and_o may_v be_v omit_v but_o lest_o the_o young_a tyroe_n may_v want_v it_o i_o will_v in_o insect_n the_o method_n thereof_o thus_o the_o form_n of_o the_o oath_n to_o the_o foreman_n of_o a_o inquest_n at_o a_o court-leet_n you_o shall_v diligent_o inquire_v and_o true-presentment_n make_v of_o all_o such_o matter_n as_o shall_v be_v give_v you_o in_o charge_n the_o council_n for_o the_o lord_n protector_n commonwealth_n king_n or_o other_o title_n of_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n as_o the_o law_n command_v your_o fellow_n and_o your_o own_o you_o shall_v well_o and_o true_o keep_v you_o shall_v not_o conceal_v any_o thing_n for_o favour_n fear_v promise_n or_o affection_n nor_o present_v any_o thing_n for_o lucre_n hatred_n or_o malice_n but_o in_o all_o thing_n you_o shall_v present_v the_o truth_n the_o whole_a truth_n and_o nothing_o but_o the_o truth_n according_a to_o your_o evidence_n so_o help_v you_o god_n and_o by_o the_o content_n of_o this_o book_n the_o oath_n of_o the_o rest_n may_v follow_v in_o this_o manner_n all_o such_o oath_n as_o a._n b._n your_o foreman_n have_v take_v on_o his_o part_n you_o and_o every_o of_o you_o shall_v well_o and_o true_o take_v keep_v and_o perform_v so_o help_v you_o god_n this_o be_v do_v and_o proclamation_n make_v for_o every_o one_o to_o keep_v silence_n and_o give_v attention_n the_o steward_n be_v to_o proceed_v to_o give_v the_o charge_n which_o be_v to_o consist_v of_o these_o particular_n the_o charge_n of_o a_o court-leet_n consist_v of_o two_o part_n one_o be_v thing_n there_o to_o be_v inquire_v of_o but_o not_o punishable_a there_o and_o the_o other_o such_o offence_n as_o be_v three_o presentable_a and_o punishable_a by_o fine_a amerciament_n etc._n etc._n know_v then_o that_o to_o avoid_v needless_a circumstance_n we_o shall_v brief_o tell_v you_o that_o a_o very_a proper_a comparison_n may_v be_v make_v between_o the_o disposure_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n and_o a_o natural_a body_n as_o between_o the_o macrocosmus_fw-la and_o the_o microcosmus_n the_o commonwealth_n be_v a_o politic_a body_n consist_v of_o a_o head_n and_o member_n the_o one_o subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o other_o in_o his_o proper_a office_n as_o the_o member_n of_o the_o natural_a body_n be_v which_o maintain_v a_o mutual_a harmony_n and_o a_o flourish_a condition_n in_o the_o whole_a but_o as_o the_o natural_a body_n be_v subject_a to_o infirmity_n so_o also_o be_v
a_o lease_n be_v make_v for_o life_n the_o remainder_n in_o fee_n to_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o deviser_n she_o survive_v and_o devise_v this_o remainder_n this_o be_v good_a a_o infant_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o life_n the_o lessee_n grant_v his_o estate_n over_o with_o warrant_n the_o infant_n at_o his_o full_a age_n bring_v a_o dum_fw-la fuit_fw-la infra_fw-la aetatem_fw-la against_o the_o grantee_n who_o avouch_v his_o grantor_n who_o enter_v into_o the_o warranty_n upon_o who_o possession_n the_o demandant_n release_v in_o fee_n all_o his_o right_n and_o be_v bar_v in_o the_o action_n by_o this_o release_n and_o after_o devise_v his_o reversion_n this_o be_v a_o good_a device_n a_o man_n gran●s_v his_o reversion_n in_o fee_n and_o before_o attornment_n he_o grant_v the_o same_o reversion_n to_o the_o grantee_n for_o term_n of_o life_n only_o and_o the_o tenant_n attorn_v general_o the_o grantee_n devise_v this_o reversion_n this_o be_v a_o good_a device_n a_o husband_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o life_n to_o the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n apparent_a of_o his_o wife_n be_v covert_a render_v rend_v the_o wife_n mother_n die_v the_o husband_n devise_v the_o rent_n this_o be_v void_a a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o life_n reserve_v rend_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n the_o leassor_n devise_v his_o rent_n this_o be_v good_a but_o if_o he_o reserve_v the_o rent_n to_o he_o and_o to_o his_o assign_v it_o be_v not_o good_a what_o gift_n or_o estate_n or_o conveyance_n shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v make_v by_o covin_z or_o fraud_n and_o what_o not_o a_o man_n hold_v land_n in_o soccage_n of_o a_o common_a lord_n and_o he_o convey_v this_o by_o fraud_n to_o defraud_v the_o lord_n of_o his_o relief_n or_o herriot_n the_o lord_n shall_v not_o take_v advantage_n of_o this_o covin_z the_o tenant_n make_v a_o estate_n in_o fee_n upon_o condition_n and_o take_v back_o a_o estate_n to_o he_o for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o his_o elder_a son_n in_o tail_n and_o for_o default_n of_o such_o issue_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o father_n beget_v the_o remainder_n over_o in_o fee_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o who_o the_o land_n be_v hold_v yet_o this_o be_v covin_z at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o lord_n a_o man_n bona_fw-la fide_fw-la enfeoff_v two_o of_o his_o servant_n to_o their_o own_o use_n for_o good_a service_n do_v and_o to_o be_v do_v and_o they_o by_o covin_z convey_v divers_a faandulent_a estate_n to_o their_o master_n which_o remain_v over_o etc._n etc._n and_o the_o master_n know_v of_o their_o intent_n rejoyn_v at_o it_o yet_o this_o shall_v not_o be_v fraud_n the_o tenant_n intend_v fraud_n enfeoff_v divers_a person_n and_o put_v the_o lord_n in_o trust_n as_o attorney_n to_o make_v livery_n and_o seize_v and_o so_o he_o do_v yet_o the_o lord_n shall_v avoid_v this_o covin_z the_o tenant_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n to_o the_o lord_n and_o after_o by_o a_o fine_a convey_v fraudulent_a estate_n etc._n etc._n and_o after_o the_o lord_n within_o the_o term_n make_v his_o executor_n and_o die_v and_o the_o execu_n or_o enter_v into_o the_o term_n and_o after_o the_o lessor_n die_v his_o heir_n within_o age_n and_o the_o term_n continue_v the_o heir_n of_o the_o lord_n shall_v not_o avoid_v this_o covin_z what_o shall_v be_v say_v a_o purchase_n of_o land_n by_o the_o husband_n for_o the_o jointure_n of_o the_o wife_n and_o what_o not_o land_n be_v give_v to_o three_o man_n and_o a_o feme_fw-fr sole_a one_o of_o they_o marry_v with_o the_o feme_fw-fr she_o be_v excommunicate_v one_o of_o the_o other_o release_v to_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o husband_n the_o husband_n die_v the_o wife_n assent_v this_o be_v a_o good_a purchase_n and_o yet_o the_o wife_n be_v not_o a_o tenant_n for_o life_n i._o s._n be_v contract_v marrieh_o another_o wife_n and_o after_o marry_v she_o with_o who_o he_o be_v contract_v he_o and_o this_o wife_n exchange_v land_n which_o he_o have_v in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n the_o husband_n die_v she_o agree_v to_o the_o exchange_n this_o be_v not_o a_o jointure_n a_o windmill_n be_v lease_v to_o a_o woman_n for_o year_n who_o take_v a_o husband_n he_o grant_v the_o term_n upon_o condition_n and_o for_o the_o condition_n break_v enter_v the_o lessor_n release_v they_o &_o haeredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la masculis_fw-la and_o if_o they_o die_v without_o such_o a_o heir_n that_o this_o shall_v remain_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o husband_n this_o be_v good_a etc._n etc._n 27._o h._n 8._o cap._n 10._o a_o reversion_n upon_o a_o estate_n for_o year_n be_v devise_v to_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n in_o free_a marriage_n by_o the_o father_n of_o the_o husband_n the_o remainder_n to_o j._n s._n in_o fee_n tenant_n for_o year_n surrend_v to_o the_o husband_n who_o die_v the_o wife_n enter_v this_o a_o good_a estate_n to_o the_o wife_n etc._n etc._n a_o upper_a chamber_n be_v grant_v without_o deed_n to_o a._n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o a_o in_o fee_n a._n grant_v his_o estate_n to_o he_o in_o remainder_n and_o his_o wise_n and_o to_o thesr_v heir_n and_o if_o they_o die_v without_o heir_n male_n of_o their_o body_n beget_v that_o then_o this_o shall_v revert_v the_o husband_n die_v the_o wife_n enter_v this_o be_v a_o estate_n to_o the_o wife_n etc._n etc._n land_n be_v devise_v to_o j._n s._n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o a_o husband_n in_o frank-marriage_n for_o etc._n etc._n i._o s._n and_o the_o deviser_n die_v the_o husband_n enter_v and_o die_v the_o wife_n enter_v this_o be_v not_o a_o estate_n make_v etc._n etc._n five_o acre_n of_o land_n adjoin_v to_o the_o sea_n be_v devise_v to_o husband_n and_o wife_n &_o haeredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la masculis_fw-la for_o etc._n etc._n five_o other_o acre_n adjoin_v thereunto_o the_o sea_n forsake_v into_o which_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n enter_v this_o be_v not_o any_o estate_n make_v in_o the_o five_o acre_n new_o gain_v j._n s._n by_o indenture_n bargain_n and_o sell_v a_o dove-house_n to_o husband_n and_o wife_n and_o to_o their_o heir_n so_o long_o as_o they_o have_v issue_n of_o their_o body_n whereas_o he_o have_v no_o dove-house_n j._n s._n build_a one_o the_o husband_n enter_v and_o die_v the_o wife_n enter_v this_o be_v no_o tail_n in_o jointure_n etc._n etc._n the_o father_n give_v land_n to_o the_o son_n and_o his_o wife_n &_o liberis_fw-la suis_fw-la with_o warranty_n to_o the_o son_n and_o his_o wife_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n for_o ten_o year_n they_o be_v implead_v within_o the_o ten_o year_n and_o lose_v and_o have_v in_o value_n the_o year_n expire_v the_o husband_n die_v the_o wife_n enter_v this_o be_v not_o a_o estate_n in_o tail_n for_o jointure_n but_o for_o life_n land_n be_v give_v to_o a._n and_o b._n and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o b._n b._n lease_v this_o to_o a_o feme_fw-fr sole_a for_o life_n the_o lessor_n grant_v to_o the_o say_v feme_fw-fr and_o j._n d._n common_a for_o ten_o year_n out_o of_o the_o say_a land_n during_o their_o life_n for_o the_o jointure_n of_o lessee_n and_o after_o marry_v she_o a._n and_o d._n die_v this_o be_v a_o estate_n convey_v for_o life_n as_o a_o hereditament_n to_o grant_v a_o annuity_n of_o 10_o l._n joint_o and_o several_o to_o j._n s._n in_o fee_n who_o grant_v it_o to_o husband_n and_o wife_n to_o the_o husband_n for_o the_o life_n of_o j._n d._n to_o the_o wife_n until_o one_o of_o the_o son_n of_o j._n s._n accomplish_v the_o age_n of_o twenty_o one_o year_n the_o husband_n die_v the_o wife_n accept_v this_o annuity_n this_o be_v a_o estate_n make_v for_o the_o wife_n for_o a_o jointure_n etc._n etc._n a_o lease_n for_o life_n be_v make_v to_o the_o husband_n the_o remainder_n to_o his_o wife_n and_o j._n d._n successive_a for_o their_o life_n the_o husband_n fall_v tree_n and_o die_v the_o wife_n enter_v the_o vendee_fw-mi cut_n the_o lessor_n recover_v in_o a_o writ_n of_o waist_n and_o have_v execution_n this_o be_v a_o eviction_n by_o lawful_a action_n and_o yet_o the_o wife_n shall_v not_o have_v a_o writ_n of_o dower_n a_o lordship_n by_o fealty_n and_o rent_n be_v give_v to_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr in_o tail_n before_o marriage_n for_o etc._n etc._n the_o remainder_n in_o fee_n a_o tenancy_n escheat_v the_o husband_n lease_v the_o seignory_n to_o a._n who_o recover_v in_o a_o cessavit_fw-la and_o die_v his_o heir_n enter_v the_o husband_n die_v this_o be_v a_o eviction_n by_o lawful_a action_n and_o the_o wife_n shall_v recover_v but_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o tenancy_n tenant_n in_o tail_n of_o a_o
rent_n purchase_v the_o land_n out_o of_o which_o etc._n etc._n in_o tail_n and_o give_v into_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr for_o their_o life_n for_o etc._n etc._n fifty_o year_n expire_v tenant_n in_o tail_n and_o the_o husband_n die_v the_o wife_n enter_v the_o issue_n bring_v a_o formedon_n of_o the_o rent_n &_o recover_v and_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n this_o be_v a_o eviction_n and_o the_o wife_n shall_v have_v it_o to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o rent_n land_n be_v grant_v to_o a_o feme_fw-fr covert_n for_o life_n for_o etc._n etc._n he_o in_o reversion_n grant_v it_o by_o fine_n the_o conusee_fw-fr bring_v a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la the_o husband_n claim_v fee_n and_o it_o be_v find_v against_o he_o whereby_o judgement_n be_v give_v the_o husband_n die_v the_o wife_n enter_v the_o recoverer_n enter_v this_o be_v not_o a_o eviction_n tenant_n after_o possibility_n of_o issue_n extinct_a the_o remainder_n for_o life_n be_v diseise_v and_o release_v to_o the_o diseisor_n who_o die_v his_o heir_n give_v the_o land_n to_o husband_n and_o wife_n in_o tail_n tenant_n for_o life_n bring_v a_o consimili_fw-la casu_fw-la and_o recover_v the_o wife_n enter_v this_o be_v not_o a_o eviction_n a_o infant_n give_v a_o park_n to_o a_o feme_fw-fr covert_n for_o life_n without_o impeachment_n of_o waste_n the_o remainder_n of_o they_o to_o two_o man_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n the_o game_n be_v destroy_v the_o husband_n die_v the_o wife_n enter_v they_o bring_v a_o writ_n of_o waste_n the_o wife_n plead_v nul_fw-fr waste_n etc._n etc._n whereby_o they_o recover_v this_o be_v a_o lawful_a eviction_n but_o she_o shall_v not_o have_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n land_n of_o the_o value_n of_o 20_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la be_v grant_v to_o a_o feme_fw-fr for_o life_n render_v 10_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la she_o marry_v he_o who_o have_v right_a recover_v the_o land_n by_o covin_z of_o the_o husband_n and_o have_v execution_n the_o husband_n be_v tenant_n in_o tail_n die_v have_v land_n to_o the_o value_n of_o 10_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la the_o wife_n shall_v have_v it_o discharge_v of_o the_o rent_n less_o for_o life_n reverse_v rend_v the_o lessor_n diseise_v he_o and_o make_v a_o feoffment_n the_o feoffee_n die_v his_o heir_n give_v the_o land_n to_o the_o lessor_n and_o his_o wife_n in_o tail_n for_o her_o jointure_n tenant_n for_o life_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o entry_n in_o the_o post_n and_o recover_v and_o have_v execution_n the_o husband_n die_v the_o wife_n shall_v have_v dower_n and_o shall_v recover_v for_o life_n the_o rent_n not_o recover_v in_o value_n grandfather_n father_n and_o son_n the_o father_n diseise_v the_o grandfather_n and_o take_v a_o wife_n the_o father_n surrender_v certain_a copyhold_n land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o wife_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o husband_n the_o father_n die_v the_o son_n enter_v the_o grandfather_n die_v the_o wife_n shall_v have_v this_o jointure_n or_o dower_n but_o not_o of_o this_o land_n land_n be_v give_v to_o husband_n and_o wife_n in_o tail_n with_o warranty_n the_o you_o lose_v and_o recover_v in_o value_n against_o he_o who_o have_v nothing_o the_o husband_n and_o j._n s._n be_v joynt-tenant_n agree_v by_o deed_n that_o after_o five_o year_n end_v they_o shall_v hold_v in_o severalty_n the_o husband_n die_v within_o the_o five_o year_n the_o wife_n have_v dower_n assign_v she_o shall_v have_v both_o lord_n and_o tenant_n the_o tenant_n be_v attaint_v of_o felony_n and_o commit_v treason_n for_o which_o he_o be_v attaint_v the_o lord_n enter_v and_o give_v the_o land_n to_o the_o tenant_n and_o his_o wife_n for_o year_n upon_o condition_n that_o if_o the_o lord_n do_v not_o pay_v 20_o l._n to_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n at_o a_o certain_a day_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v it_o in_o tail_n for_o the_o wife_n jointure_n and_o the_o husband_n die_v before_o the_o day_n the_o money_n be_v not_o pay_v this_o be_v a_o jointure_n and_o the_o wife_n shall_v not_o have_v dower_n a._n enfeoff_v j._n r._n and_o b_o make_v livery_n to_o j._n s._n who_o take_v a_o wife_n land_n be_v give_v to_o they_o in_o special_a tail_n for_o the_o jointure_n of_o the_o wife_n they_o levy_v a_o fine_a i_o s._n die_v a_o praecipe_n be_v bring_v against_o b._n he_o disclaim_v the_o heir_n of_o j._n s._n enter_v the_o wife_n shall_v not_o have_v jointure_n nor_o dower_n of_o the_o land_n but_o of_o other_o land_n she_o shall_v have_v dower_n a_o rent-charge_n issue_v out_o of_o land_n in_o several_a county_n and_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o several_a person_n be_v grant_v to_o husband_n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o his_o wife_n for_o her_o life_n for_o her_o jointure_n the_o husband_n die_v the_o tenant_n accord_v to_o the_o wife_n she_o shall_v not_o have_v this_o jointure_n not_o dower_n land_n be_v give_v to_o j._n s._n for_o life_n the_o lessor_n diseise_v he_o and_o give_v the_o land_n before_o coverture_n to_o the_o wife_n for_o life_n for_o a_o jointure_n a_o stranger_n confirm_v her_o estate_n with_o warranty_n i._o s._n bring_v a_o praecipe_fw-la and_o recover_v the_o wife_n have_v in_o value_n the_o husband_n and_o he_o in_o reversion_n make_v a_o feoffment_n before_o the_o statute_n the_o husband_n die_v this_o be_v not_o a_o eviction_n by_o discontinuance_n of_o the_o jointure_n and_o yet_o she_o shall_v recover_v dower_n what_o be_v a_o jointure_n assure_v before_o marriage_n and_o what_o a_o jointure_n after_o marriage_n a_o lordship_n by_o fealty_n and_o rent_n before_o marriage_n be_v grant_v to_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr for_o a_o jointure_n they_o marry_v a_o tenancy_n escheat_v the_o husband_n enter_v and_o die_v this_o be_v a_o jointure_n in_o the_o tenancy_n assure_v before_o marriage_n j._n s._n contract_n with_o a._n and_o before_o marriage_n conclude_v with_o b._n that_o he_o will_v recover_v the_o manor_n of_o d._n and_o that_o this_o shall_v be_v to_o they_o in_o tail_n for_o a_o jointure_n b._n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o entry_n which_o be_v return_v they_o marry_v b._n recover_v and_o enter_v this_o be_v a_o jointure_n after_o marriage_n i._o s._n lease_v to_o two_o for_o year_n render_v rend_v and_o grant_v the_o reversion_n to_o husband_n and_o wife_n for_o their_o life_n for_o a_o jointure_n one_o attorn_v before_o marriage_n and_o the_o other_o after_o marriage_n this_o be_v a_o good_a jointure_n before_o marriage_n i._o s._n enfeoff_v i._n d._n to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o until_o he_o marry_v and_o after_o that_o he_o marry_v then_o to_o the_o use_n of_o she_o that_o shall_v be_v his_o wife_n for_o she_o for_o a_o jointure_n this_o be_v a_o jointure_n after_o marriage_n i._o s._n grant_v land_n to_o a_o feme_fw-fr for_o ten_o year_n and_o if_o he_o after_o marry_v she_o than_o she_o shall_v have_v it_o for_o her_o life_n for_o a_o jointure_n they_o marry_v this_o be_v a_o jointure_n before_o marriage_n i._o s._n in_o consideration_n of_o a_o marriage_n to_o be_v have_v betwixt_o he_o and_o a._n s._n covenant_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o he_o and_o the_o say_v a._n for_o their_o life_n they_o intermarry_v the_o deed_n be_v enrol_v this_o be_v a_o jointure_n before_o marriage_n after_o affiance_n between_o i._o s._n and_o a._n s._n they_o conclude_v that_o a_o fine_o shall_v be_v levy_v of_o the_o manor_n of_o d_o for_o her_o jointure_n the_o concord_n be_v acknowledge_v before_o the_o chief_a justice_n they_o marry_v and_o after_o a_o write_v of_o covenant_n be_v bring_v and_o a_o fine_o levy_v this_o be_v a_o jointure_n after_o marriage_n i._o s._n and_o a._n marry_o before_o year_n of_o consent_n land_n be_v give_v to_o they_o for_o their_o life_n at_o the_o year_n of_o consent_n they_o agree_v this_o be_v a_o jointure_n after_o marriage_n i._o s._n make_v a_o deed_n of_o feoffment_n to_o a._n with_o a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n which_o feoffment_n a._n do_v express_v to_o be_v to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o she_o who_o shall_v be_v his_o wife_n for_o their_o life_n for_o a_o jointure_n they_o marry_v the_o attorney_n make_v livery_n this_o be_v a_o jointure_n after_o marriage_n i_o s._n diseise_v one_o to_o the_o use_n of_o a._n and_o b._n who_o he_o intend_v shall_v marry_v for_o a_o jointure_n a._n and_o b._n enter_v and_o after_o the_o diseise_n release●h_v to_o the_o wife_n for_o her_o jointure_n this_o be_v a_o jointure_n after_o marriage_n land_n be_v give_v to_o a_o b._n and_o she_o who_o shall_v be_v his_o wife_n for_o a_o jointure_n they_o marry_v the_o wife_n enter_v this_o be_v a_o jointure_n in_o the_o moiety_n which_o she_o shall_v have_v by_o survivor_n and_o before_o marriage_n a._n devise_v that_o his_o executor_n shall_v give_v the_o
not_o yet_o present_v and_o present_v the_o same_o and_o what_o land_n and_o tenement_n he_o hold_v of_o his_o manor_n at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n and_o by_o what_o service_n and_o who_o be_v next_o heir_n to_o the_o say_a inheritance_n if_o it_o be_v socage-tenure_n the_o lord_n shall_v have_v his_o fealty_n &_o one_o year_n rend_v for_o a_o relief_n over_o and_o above_o his_o yearly_a rent_n i_o do_v not_o mean_v the_o rent_n to_o the_o value_n or_o profit_n of_o the_o land_n though_o many_o lord_n of_o copy-holders_n have_v much_o mistake_v themselves_o of_o late_a in_o this_o case_n or_o else_o the_o tenant_n do_v too_o much_o mistake_v themselves_o to_o the_o tenant_n undo_v when_o the_o fine_a have_v be_v stretch_v by_o the_o cloak_n bag-string_n of_o the_o lord_n conscience_n and_o for_o his_o relief_n the_o lord_n may_v distrain_v immediate_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o tenant_n you_o shall_v inquire_v whether_o any_o freeholder_n have_v alien_v or_o sell_v away_o his_o freehold_n or_o any_o parcel_n thereof_o and_o present_v it_o for_o he_o which_o buy_v the_o land_n before_o he_o enter_v aught_o to_o give_v notice_n therereof_o to_o the_o lord_n and_o if_o he_o buy_v but_o a_o parcel_n the_o rent_n ought_v to_o be_v apportion_v according_o between_o both_o party_n according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o land_n sell_v four_o inquire_v whether_o any_o one_o man_n have_v two_o several_a parcel_n of_o land_n hold_v by_o several_a title_n &_o die_v seize_v of_o the_o same_o the_o lord_n shall_v have_v two_o herriot_n by_o his_o death_n you_o shall_v also_o inquire_v whether_o any_o copy_n holder_n die_v seize_v of_o any_o land_n so_o hold_v and_o present_v it_o also_o whether_o any_o copyholder_n have_v make_v any_o lease_n of_o his_o copyhold_n or_o otherwise_o alien_v or_o sell_v the_o same_o without_o surrender_n and_o present_v it_o for_o its_o a_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o copyhold_n inquire_v also_o whether_o any_o copyholder_n have_v make_v any_o surrender_n of_o his_o copyhold_n or_o any_o part_n thereof_o since_o the_o last_o court-day_n or_o before_o and_o present_v it_o and_o into_o who_o hand_n it_o be_v make_v and_o to_o who_o use_n for_o at_o every_o death_n or_o other_o alienation_n the_o lord_n be_v to_o have_v a_o fine_n be_v it_o not_o for_o this_o few_o lord_n will_v keep_v any_o court_n at_o all_o though_o they_o ought_v to_o do_v it_o to_o do_v justice_n to_o their_o tenant_n and_o the_o party_n into_o who_o hand_n the_o surrender_n be_v make_v aught_o at_o the_o next_o court_n to_o present_v the_o same_o and_o to_o certify_v the_o surrender_n into_o court_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o alien_n according_a to_o the_o trust_v repose_v in_o he_o on_o pain_n of_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o copyhold_n and_o the_o party_n that_o receive_v the_o surrender_n be_v not_o invest_v in_o any_o right_n in_o the_o estate_n by_o the_o surrender_n unless_o he_o be_v admit_v tenant_n in_o court_n inquire_v also_o if_o any_o tenant_n of_o this_o manor_n have_v give_v any_o of_o their_o land_n into_o mortmayn_n and_o present_v it_o if_o any_o man_n give_v or_o sell_v any_o land_n to_o any_o house_n of_o religion_n or_o to_o any_o other_o which_o be_v corporate_a by_o the_o king_n grant_v or_o if_o any_o one_o make_v any_o feoffment_n upon_o trust_n to_o the_o use_n of_o any_o religious_a house_n or_o to_o the_o use_n of_o any_o fraternity_n or_o corporation_n this_o be_v mortmain_n you_o shall_v also_o inquire_v whether_o any_o tenant_n for_o term_v of_o life_n or_o year_n or_o any_o copyholder_n of_o this_o lordship_n have_v make_v any_o waste_n or_o suffer_v any_o waste_n to_o be_v do_v upon_o their_o land_n and_o tenement_n and_o present_v it_o waste_n be_v when_o any_o tenant_n for_o term_v of_o life_n or_o year_n or_o any_o copyholder_n pull_v down_o any_o house_n or_o cut_v down_o timber-tree_n or_o suffer_v any_o of_o his_o copy-hold-tenement_n to_o decay_v or_o fall_v or_o if_o any_o of_o the_o tenant_n plough_v up_o any_o meadow_n ground_n or_o if_o they_o suffer_v any_o wall_n or_o pale_a which_o be_v cover_v to_o be_v uncover_v by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o same_o wall_n or_o pale_a do_v fall_v or_o if_o any_o tenant_n dig_v coal_n chalk_n sand_n or_o make_v any_o i_o in_o his_o ground_n it_o be_v commitment_n of_o waste_n but_o if_o a_o tenant_n fall_v timber_n to_o repair_v house_n in_o decay_n upon_o his_o copyhold_n and_o therewith_o do_v repair_v they_o or_o therewith_o build_v a_o new_a house_n or_o any_o new_a build_n this_o be_v not_o waste_v but_o if_o he_o cut_v down_o and_o sell_v any_o such_o timber_n this_o be_v waste_n also_o copy-holders_n may_v cut_v down_o wood_n to_o burn_v upon_o their_o tenement_n or_o to_o make_v reparation_n without_o waste_n inquire_v also_o whether_o any_o tenant_n die_v seize_v of_o any_o land_n hold_v of_o this_o manor_n have_v no_o heir_n at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n his_o land_n shall_v escheat_n to_o the_o lord_n none_o shall_v inherit_v land_n in_o fee-simple_n unless_o he_o be_v heir_n of_o the_o whole_a blood_n and_o understand_v that_o a_o bastard_n can_v never_o be_v heir_n unto_o any_o man_n neither_o can_v he_o ever_o have_v heir_n but_o his_o child_n of_o his_o own_o body_n lawful_o beget_v therefore_o if_o any_o bastard_n die_v without_o issue_n or_o any_o other_o tenant_n die_v seize_v without_o heir_n present_v it_o also_o if_o any_o tenant_n seize_v of_o any_o land_n or_o tenement_n be_v eject_v therefrom_o by_o one_o that_o have_v no_o rightful_a title_n thereunto_o and_o after_o die_v without_o heir_n the_o lord_n shall_v have_v his_o escheat_n as_o well_o if_o the_o tenant_n have_v die_v seize_v ergo_fw-la inquire_v thereof_o and_o present_v it_o inquire_v also_o if_o any_o tenant_n of_o this_o manor_n have_v be_v attain_v for_o any_o treason_n felony_n or_o murder_n for_o which_o he_o have_v judgement_n although_o he_o be_v afterward_o deliver_v or_o be_v burn_v in_o the_o hand_n the_o lord_n have_v his_o land_n by_o escheat_n or_o if_o any_o one_o have_v abjure_v the_o land_n or_o be_v outlaw_v for_o any_o treason_n felony_n or_o murder_n present_v it_o for_o the_o lord_n shall_v have_v his_o land_n by_o escheat_n you_o be_v also_o to_o inquire_v if_o there_o be_v any_o rent_n custom_n or_o service_n withdraw_v from_o the_o lordship_n which_o be_v due_a and_o of_o right_a aught_o to_o be_v do_v thereunto_o and_o what_o right_n custom_n and_o service_n they_o be_v by_o who_o withdraw_v and_o where_o the_o land_n lie_v out_o of_o which_o they_o be_v due_a and_o who_o hold_v the_o same_o and_o present_v it_o inquire_v also_o whether_o any_o waif_n or_o stray_n be_v or_o be_v within_o this_o lordship_n and_o whether_o the_o lord_n be_v answer_v of_o the_o same_o and_o if_o not_o present_a by_o who_o they_o be_v detain_v and_o if_o any_o herriot_n be_v convey_v away_o or_o conceal_v present_v it_o and_o by_o who_o and_o here_o it_o will_v not_o be_v any_o digression_n to_o tell_v you_o what_o a_o waif_n and_o stray_n be_v a_o waif_n be_v if_o a_o thing_n be_v pursue_v or_o otherwise_o to_o ease_v himself_o of_o his_o burden_n do_v leave_v and_o forsake_v ●is_n good_n which_o he_o have_v steal_v or_o any_o part_n of_o they_o such_o good_n be_v call_v waif_n and_o the_o chief_a lord_n shall_v have_v the_o good_n so_o waive_v unless_o the_o owner_n of_o they_o do_v make_v fresh_a suit_n after_o the_o thief_n and_o attach_v he_o for_o steal_v the_o say_v good_n in_o such_o cass_n he_o shall_v have_v his_o good_n again_o though_o they_o be_v waive_v but_o then_o he_o must_v sue_v a_o appeal_n or_o else_o procure_v the_o thief_n to_o be_v convict_v at_o his_o suit_n 21_o h._n cap._n 12._o a_o estray_n be_v if_o any_o beast_n be_v find_v in_o the_o lordship_n and_o no_o man_n know_v the_o owner_n thereof_o they_o shall_v be_v seize_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o king_n unless_o the_o lord_n have_v they_o by_o grant_n or_o prescription_n if_o the_o owner_n do_v not_o claim_v the_o same_o within_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n after_o the_o lord_n have_v cause_v proclamation_n to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o next_o market_n and_o in_o the_o church_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n also_o inquire_v whether_o any_o person_n have_v make_v any_o rescous_a against_o the_o lord_n or_o his_o officer_n within_o the_o manor_n and_o present_v it_o that_o if_o the_o lord_n come_v to_o distrain_v for_o his_o rent_n and_o the_o tenant_n resist_v he_o that_o he_o can_v distrain_v this_o be_v a_o rescue_n or_o if_o beast_n distrain_v run_v into_o the_o house_n of_o the_o owner_n and_o the_o distrainer_n pray_v they_o to_o be_v deliver_v to_o he_o and_o the_o possessor_n will_v not_o deliver_v
if_o any_o person_n to_o the_o number_n of_o twelve_o or_o above_o shall_v make_v any_o unlawful_a assembly_n to_o break_v any_o bank_n enclosure_n park_n barn_n house_n and_o such_o like_a and_o proclamation_n be_v make_v by_o the_o sheriff_n or_o justice_n of_o peace_n that_o they_o depart_v and_o yet_o if_o they_o remain_v together_o a_o hour_n after_o such_o proclamation_n be_v make_v every_o such_o attempt_n be_v felony_n also_o every_o copyholder_n be_v a_o yeoman_n husbandman_n or_o labourer_n of_o the_o age_n of_o 18_o year_n and_o under_o ●o_o not_o sick_a not_o have_v a_o reasonable_a excuse_n and_o be_v require_v by_o the_o justice_n sheriff_z &c._n &c._n to_o apprehend_v such_o riotous_a person_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o refuse_v shall_v forfeit_v his_o estate_n during_o life_n and_o his_o lord_n may_v enter_v also_o the_o farmer_n be_v a_o yeoman_n and_o refuse_v forfeit_v to_o his_o landlord_n and_o he_o may_v enter_v also_o it_o be_v felony_n if_o any_o person_n without_o compulsion_n bring_v send_v or_o diliver_v any_o money_n ammunition_n or_o victual_n to_o any_o person_n assemble_v in_o such_o manner_n also_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n or_o other_o officer_n may_v raise_v a_o power_n to_o suppress_v they_o and_o if_o any_o officer_n kill_v any_o such_o riotous_a or_o rebellious_a person_n he_o shall_v go_v free_a and_o if_o any_o person_n know_v of_o any_o such_o pretend_a rebellion_n &_o do_v not_o open_o declare_v the_o same_o within_o twenty_o hour_n next_o after_o such_o knowledge_n he_o shall_v be_v imprison_v three_o month_n without_o bail_n or_o mainprize_n and_o also_o he_o that_o hinder_v proclamation_n that_o it_o can_v be_v make_v commit_v felony_n if_o any_o shall_v trace_v in_o the_o snow_n kill_v or_o destroy_v any_o hare_n or_o leveret_n with_o dog_n or_o otherwise_o he_o shall_v forfeit_v 6_o s._n 8_o d._n 13_o h._n 8._o cap._n 11._o if_o any_o jury_n swear_v and_o charge_v to_o inquire_v concern_v these_o offence_n do_v wilful_o conceal_v the_o same_o than_o the_o steward_n have_v authority_n to_o impannel_n and_o charge_v another_o jury_n to_o inquire_v of_o such_o concealment_n and_o if_o such_o concealment_n be_v find_v and_o present_v by_o the_o say_a jury_n than_o every_o one_o of_o the_o first_o jury_n shall_v forfeit_v for_o every_o concealment_n of_o every_o offence_n 20_o s._n one_o moiety_n thereof_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o leet_n the_o other_o moiety_n to_o any_o one_o that_o will_v sue_v for_o the_o same_o by_o action_n of_o debt_n bill_n plaint_n suit_n or_o information_n wherein_o no_o wager_n of_o law_n essoyn_n or_o protection_n be_v to_o be_v allow_v provide_v the_o suit_n be_v commence_v within_o six_o month_n otherwise_o the_o offender_n to_o be_v discharge_v thereof_o 33_o h._n 6._o 16._o steward_n in_o leet_n have_v power_n to_o inquire_v concern_v the_o erect_n of_o cottage_n and_o maintain_v of_o inmate_n and_o to_o punish_v by_o distress_n all_o offence_n comit_v against_o the_o statute_n touch_v inmate_n and_o cottage_n 31_o eliz_n cap._n 7._o steward_n in_o leet_n have_v also_o power_n to_o inquire_v hear_v and_o determine_v all_o offence_n touch_v the_o make_n of_o malt._n 2_o ed._n 6.16_o ed._n 2.35_o eliz._n 7_o steward_n in_o court-leet_n shall_v inquire_v of_o hear_v and_o determine_v all_o offence_n commit_v within_o their_o liberty_n against_o the_o statute_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o pheasant_n and_o partridge_n 2d_o eliz._n 6.23_o eliz_n 10._o nevertheless_o with_o a_o salvo_fw-la jure_fw-la to_o all_o corporation_n and_o body_n politic_a of_o all_o their_o right_n and_o privilege_n to_o inquire_v and_o punish_v any_o of_o the_o say_a offence_n 1_o eliz._n 17._o 35_o eliz._n 7._o article_n to_o be_v give_v in_o charge_n to_o constable_n and_o headborough_n at_o leet_n and_o session_n both_o of_o city_n town_n and_o country_n corporation_n most_o necessary_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o peace_n to_o which_o our_o present_a scope_n intend_v only_o and_o this_o direction_n well_o follow_v will_v perfect_o conduce_v thereunto_o if_o such_o a_o preservative_n for_o the_o health_n of_o man_n can_v be_v attain_v unto_o under_o heaven_n therefore_o i_o say_v these_o ensue_a article_n ought_v special_o to_o be_v inquire_v of_o return_v and_o present_v by_o all_o constable_n headborough_n tythingman_n decimer_n and_o all_o swear_a officer_n who_o be_v enjoin_v by_o oath_n to_o preserve_v the_o peace_n in_o their_o own_o person_n and_o in_o all_o other_o as_o much_o as_o in_o they_o lie_v then_o to_o discharge_v their_o own_o duty_n let_v they_o diligent_o observe_v and_o prosecute_v what_o follow_v viz._n inprimis_fw-la they_o be_v to_o inquire_v and_o return_v all_o such_o person_n as_o shall_v continue_v tipple_a or_o drink_v in_o any_o inn_n or_o alehouse_n at_o any_o time_n above_o the_o space_n of_o a_o hour_n and_o more_o especial_o upon_o the_o sabbath-day_n and_o such_o person_n as_o they_o shall_v find_v drink_v and_o also_o such_o innkeeper_n and_o alehouse-keeper_n as_o shall_v entertain_v they_o 2._o they_o be_v also_o to_o return_v the_o name_n surname_n addition_n of_o name_n and_o quality_n of_o all_o popish_a recusant_n as_o well_o housekeeper_n as_o lodger_n dwelling_n or_o reside_v in_o any_o of_o their_o parish_n precinct_n or_o liberty_n 3._o the_o name_n of_o such_o person_n as_o shall_v profane_o swear_v or_o curse_v with_o the_o number_n of_o their_o oath_n or_o curse_n immediate_o after_o the_o commi_fw-it thing_fw-mi of_o such_o offence_n 4_o item_n such_o as_o use_v victual_v or_o sell_v beer_n or_o ale_n without_o licence_n 5._o such_o person_n as_o suffer_v any_o unlawful_a game_n in_o their_o house_n backside_n or_o garden_n and_o also_o the_o name_n of_o any_o that_o shall_v play_v at_o any_o of_o the_o say_a game_n this_o be_v a_o gangrene_n and_o spread_a leprosy_n in_o this_o commonwealth_n a_o vice_n abhorent_a to_o christianity_n yet_o the_o moor_n the_o pity_n most_o favour_v by_o they_o that_o shall_v seek_v to_o suppress_v it_o i_o mean_v in_o plain_a english_a the_o professor_n of_o the_o law_n insomuch_o that_o a_o honest_a cause_n shall_v never_o have_v any_o countenance_n or_o defence_n like_o one_o of_o these_o and_o no_o person_n be_v so_o much_o vilify_v nay_o a_o felon_n shall_v have_v more_o favour_n than_o a_o lawful_a prosecutor_n i_o mean_v a_o informer_n against_o these_o caterpillar_n sed_fw-la tu_fw-la domine_fw-la usque_fw-la quo_fw-la but_o nolens_fw-la vol●ns_fw-la yet_o i_o hope_v to_o see_v the_o contrary_a mr._n alehousekeeper_n will_v be_v the_o best_a man_n yet_o i_o hope_v to_o see_v the_o tide_n run_v the_o contrary_a way_n if_o man_n can_v but_o once_o learn_v wit_n enough_o to_o know_v that_o charity_n begin_v at_o home_n the_o alehousekeeper_n know_v it_o very_o well_o he_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o look_v how_o the_o reckon_n go_v and_o wise_a man_n will_v keep_v reckon_v at_o home_n and_o not_o let_v he_o keep_v it_o for_o they_o know_v that_o two_o penny_n a_o day_n be_v above_o fi●ty_a shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o out_o of_o two_o penny_n the_o tap-merchant_n get_v a_o penny_n then_o judge_n what_o he_o get_v by_o all_o the_o fly_v he_o catch_v in_o his_o web._n certain_o do_v people_n once_o consider_v this_o the_o ale_n wife_n will_v have_v few_o companion_n better_o than_o herself_o yet_o now_o she_o think_v the_o best_a scarce_o good_a enough_o for_o she_o though_o the_o causer_n of_o it_o have_v little_a thanks_o for_o th●ir_a pain_n when_o she_o have_v get_v their_o money_n it_o be_v seldom_o but_o they_o have_v a_o scoff_n or_o jeer_v into_o the_o bargain_n because_o they_o shall_v not_o complain_v of_o a_o unkind_a hostess_n and_o the_o worst_a mischief_n of_o all_o be_v that_o man_n very_o often_o ensnare_v themselves_o to_o their_o utter_a undo_n by_o the_o alehouse-keeper_n and_o his_o cempurgator_n eavesdrop_v of_o their_o discourse_n and_o certain_o none_o but_o fool_n will_v go_v to_o game_n for_o what_o be_v already_o their_o own_o nor_o no_o christian_a endeavour_n to_o come_v by_o or_o enjoy_v by_o play_v for_o what_o be_v another_o and_o because_o the_o fort_n and_o fountain_n of_o gamester_n be_v the_o alehouse_n i_o make_v this_o d●gression_n sober_o to_o advise_v three_o sort_n of_o man_n the_o one_o be_v in_o general_a all_o honest_a people_n to_o wish_v they_o if_o they_o be_v not_o worse_o than_o infidel_n to_o avoid_v the_o alehouse_n for_o under_o that_o notion_n i_o conclude_v the_o game_a house_n too_o know_v they_o to_o be_v inseparable_a companion_n and_o therefore_o i_o say_v again_o it_o be_v well_o if_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o every_o alehouskeeper_n shall_v have_v at_o his_o door_n the_o sign_n of_o the_o beggar_n for_o from_o that_o spring_n the_o alehousekeeper_n original_a come_v when_o he_o first_o enter_v into_o his_o order_n and_o before_o he_o leave_v
rent_n by_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o land_n or_o by_o rescous_a with_o force_n this_o be_v not_o a_o desseisin_n with_o force_n if_o the_o lord_n improve_v the_o waste_n with_o force_n not_o leave_v sufficient_a common_a for_o the_o commoner_n this_o be_v a_o disseisin_n with_o force_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o statute_n if_o a_o lessee_n for_o year_n with_o the_o remainder_n over_o for_o life_n be_v oust_v with_o force_n this_o be_v not_o a_o dissesin_n with_o force_n by_o the_o statute_n if_o the_o disseisor_n after_o he_o have_v continue_v in_o quiet_a possession_n for_o three_o year_n detain_v with_o force_n this_o be_v not_o any_o detain_v with_o force_n by_o the_o statute_n if_o two_o joynt-tenant_n be_v disseise_v with_o force_n they_o both_o together_o be_v the_o party_n grieve_v by_o this_o statute_n and_o not_o apart_o but_o if_o one_o of_o they_o release_v to_o the_o other_o or_o die_v than_o the_o other_o by_o himself_o be_v a_o party_n grieve_v if_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n seize_v of_o land_n in_o right_a of_o the_o wife_n be_v disseise_v with_o force_n and_o the_o husband_n die_v the_o wife_n shall_v be_v a_o party_n grieve_v by_o this_o statute_n if_o a_o man_n be_v seize_v in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n and_o disseiss_v with_o force_n and_o after_o they_o have_v issue_n the_o wife_n die_v the_o husband_n be_v aparty_n grieve_v by_o this_o statute_n if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o life_n to_o his_o elder_a son_n and_o be_v disseiss_v with_o force_n and_o die_v the_o son_n be_v the_o party_n grieve_v land_n descend_v to_o two_o daughter_n one_o enters_z and_o a_o stranger_n oust_v she_o by_o force_n she_o may_v have_v a_o assize_n by_o this_o statute_n the_o party_n grieve_v may_v have_v a_o assize_n of_o novel_a disseisin_n or_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n upon_o the_o statute_n recite_v the_o statute_n and_o shall_v recover_v treble_a damage_n also_o in_o a_o writ_n of_o attainder_n bring_v against_o the_o juror_n if_o they_o find_v for_o the_o defendant_n by_o false_a oath_n the_o party_n shall_v recover_v treble_a damage_n and_o these_o offence_n i_o hope_v all_o friend_n to_o peace_n and_o truth_n will_v avoid_v and_o hereby_o find_v direction_n to_o punish_v the_o nocent_a a_o abstract_n of_o several_a penal_a statute_n make_v and_o enact_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o subject_n but_o be_v every_o day_n shameful_o break_v therefore_o i_o have_v according_a to_o promise_v insert_v the_o several_a penalty_n by_o they_o enjoin_v according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o offence_n to_o terrify_v offender_n for_o fear_n of_o the_o punishment_n though_o they_o have_v so_o many_o partaker_n that_o it_o will_v not_o restrain_v they_o and_o to_o excite_v other_o effectual_o to_o prosecute_v they_o for_o the_o love_n of_o virtue_n we_o will_v not_o here_o actum_fw-la agere_fw-la not_o use_v so_o much_o tautology_n as_o to_o insert_v what_o we_o have_v already_o speak_v of_o but_o only_o put_v you_o in_o mind_n that_o we_o have_v before_o in_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o court-leet_n sufficient_o dissect_v the_o alehouse_n perhaps_o more_o than_o my_o host_n will_v thank_v i_o for_o and_o give_v a_o hint_n at_o the_o gaming-house_n too_o because_o the_o alehouse_n and_o they_o be_v inseparable_a inmate_n yet_o nevertheless_o they_o be_v not_o so_o full_o lay_v down_o as_o i_o find_v the_o statute_n mention_n wherefore_o therewith_o i_o will_v first_o begin_v of_o gaming-house_n and_o player_n at_o game_n no_o person_n whatsoever_o shall_v keep_v hold_v suffer_v or_o maintain_v in_o his_o house_n yard_n orchard_n or_o backside_n any_o place_n of_o unlawful_a game_n nor_o shall_v not_o permit_v nor_o suffer_v any_o person_n to_o play_v at_o his_o house_n yard_n backside_n or_o orchard_n at_o table_n card_n die_n coit_n loggat_n clash_n bowl_n slide-thrift_n or_o shovegroat_n call_v now_o shuffle-board_n and_o board_n end_n or_o at_o any_o other_o unlawful_a game_n invent_v or_o to_o be_v invent_v on_o pain_n to_o forfeit_v for_o every_o day_n he_o shall_v use_v or_o suffer_v the_o same_o 40_o s._n and_o all_o such_o person_n as_o shall_v use_v or_o haunt_v any_o such_o place_n of_o unlawful_a game_n or_o play_v thereat_o forfeit_v 6_o s._n 8._o d._n for_o every_o such_o offence_n no_o artificer_n or_o his_o journeyman_n no_o husbandman_n apprentice_n labourer_n servant_n at_o husbandry_n marrriner_n fisherman_n waterman_n or_o servingman_n shall_v play_v at_o any_o such_o unlawful_a game_n or_o game_n out_o of_o christ-mas_n nor_o then_o out_o of_o their_o master_n house_n or_o presence_n on_o pain_n of_o 20_o s._n for_o every_o default_n 20_o s._n all_o which_o forfeiture_n be_v to_o be_v divide_v between_o the_o king_n and_o any_o person_n that_o will_v sue_v for_o the_o same_o in_o any_o court_n of_o record_n lay_v his_o action_n in_o the_o same_o county_n where_o the_o offence_n be_v commit_v and_o prosecute_a the_o same_o within_o a_o year_n 33_o h._n 8_o 9_o if_o informer_n will_v look_v diligent_o after_o these_o offence_n they_o will_v do_v good_a service_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o save_v many_o family_n wife_n and_o child_n from_o destruction_n and_o gamester_n from_o the_o gallow_n where_o they_o usual_o throw_v their_o last_o cast_n all_o licenses_fw-la to_o keep_v house_n or_o place_n of_o unlawful_a game_n shall_v be_v void_a stat._n 2_o 3._o p._n m._n 9_o perjury_n whosoever_o suborn_v a_o witness_n to_o give_v false_a testimony_n in_o any_o court_n of_o record_n forfeit_v 40_o l._n and_o upon_o conviction_n if_o he_o have_v not_o wherewith_o to_o satisfy_v the_o penalty_n he_o shall_v suffer_v six_o mon_fw-fr h_z imprisonment_n stand_v in_o the_o pillory_n a_o hour_n and_o be_v disable_v for_o a_o witness_n for_o ever_o after_o unless_o the_o judgement_n give_v against_o he_o be_v reverse_v by_o attaint_n or_o error_n and_o he_o that_o do_v wilful_o forswear_v himself_o that_o be_v commit_v wilful_a perjury_n shall_v forfeit_v 20_o l._n six_o month_n imprisonment_n and_o be_v dis-abled_n for_o a_o witness_n unless_o the_o judgement_n be_v reverse_v and_o if_o he_o can_v pay_v the_o fine_a he_o be_v to_o stand_v in_o the_o pillory_n and_o have_v both_o his_o ear_n nail_v stat._n 5._o el._n 9_o by_o forswear_v i_o mean_v give_v false_a evidence_n upon_o oath_n before_o a_o judge_n of_o record_n and_o this_o be_v perjury_n for_o if_o a_o man_n bring_v a_o action_n on_o the_o case_n for_o scandalous_a word_n against_o another_o for_o say_v of_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v forswear_v himself_o it_o will_v not_o bear_v a_o action_n unless_o he_o say_v he_o forswear_v himself_o in_o a_o court_n which_o be_v a_o court_n of_o record_n be_v call_v there_o for_o a_o witness_n and_o here_o by_o the_o way_n i_o must_v needs_o memtion_n a_o case_n which_o be_v odious_a t._n s._n of_o w._n subborns_n h._n s._n his_o son_n to_o give_v false_a evidence_n in_o the_o court_n of_o record_n hold_v for_o the_o honour_n and_o castle_n of_o windsor_n in_o a_o cause_n there_o depend_v between_o f._n w._n etc._n etc._n he_o have_v do_v the_o same_o before_o at_o abingdon_n and_o have_v since_o therewith_o w._n f._n against_o the_o same_o f_o w._n upon_o a_o indictment_n h._n s._n commit_v wilful_a perjury_n at_o windsor_n be_v find_v thereof_o guilty_a by_o indictment_n at_o w._n where_o there_o be_v no_o session_n keep_v a_o long_a time_n before_o nor_o because_o of_o their_o kind_a usage_n to_o the_o country_n since_z at_o the_o seission_n the_o business_n be_v so_o handle_v by_o tom_n sneaks_o and_o his_o friend_n that_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o windsor_n court_n be_v not_o a_o court_n of_o record_n and_o unless_o the_o prosecutor_n present_o prove_v it_o which_o they_o know_v upon_o a_o instant_n he_o can_v not_o the_o defendant_n shall_v be_v acquit_v and_o so_o he_o be_v thereupon_o rare_a justice_n but_o in_o the_o court_n of_o w._n it_o be_v no_o wonder_n i_o can_v name_v two_o or_o three_o more_o admirable_a precedent_n between_o these_o party_n and_o some_o act_v in_o the_o town-court_n of_o okingham_n inter_fw-la sims_n and_o magic_a but_o i_o will_v reserve_v they_o till_o another_o time_n for_o another_o intend_a subject_n the_o forfeiture_n in_o case_n of_o perjury_n be_v to_o be_v recover_v in_o any_o court_n of_o record_n by_o action_n of_o debt_n or_o information_n one_o half_a to_o the_o king_n the_o other_o to_o the_o prosecutor_n and_o may_v be_v lay_v in_o any_o county_n though_o the_o offence_n be_v not_o commit_v there_o this_o act_n ought_v to_o be_v proclaim_v at_o every_o assize_n and_o great_a pity_n it_o be_v in_o my_o opinion_n that_o there_o be_v no_o great_a punishment_n ordain_v for_o perjury_n it_o be_v in_o all_o respect_v equivalent_a to_o murder_v and_o why_o shall_v not_o the_o committer_n thereof_o receive_v
the_o same_o punishment_n as_o murderer_n convict_v do_v or_o at_o least_o shall_v do_v he_o that_o will_v forswear_v himself_o as_o too_o many_o now_o a_o day_n make_v no_o bone_n of_o it_o oftentimes_o do_v and_o upon_o any_o spleen_n malice_n or_o revenge_n will_v take_v away_o the_o estate_n and_o life_n of_o any_o one_o do_v not_o t._n s._n at_o oke-ingham_a swear_v against_o f._n w._n at_o abingdon_n that_o he_o have_v steal_v six_o cock_n of_o hay_n from_o he_o worth_a six_o shilling_n and_o borough_n his_o son_n and_o another_o to_o do_v the_o same_o when_o there_o be_v not_o a_o haycock_n in_o the_o ground_n but_o the_o say_v f._n w._n be_v depute_v lawful_o to_o gather_v tithe_n which_o the_o other_o very_o well_o know_v and_o do_v take_v but_o two_o or_o three_o little_a grass_n cock_n value_v at_o three_o penny_n which_o be_v his_o right_n yet_o the_o other_o endeavour_v to_o hang_v he_o for_o it_o if_o his_o perjury_n have_v not_o appear_v too_o manifest_o as_o well_o as_o it_o have_v do_v since_o as_o i_o shall_v short_o in_o another_o intend_a subject_n full_o demonstrate_v and_o anatomize_v the_o practice_n in_o the_o court_n of_o oke-ingham_a beside_o but_o i_o will_v forbear_v they_o now_o because_o the_o scope_n of_o this_o be_v something_o else_o to_o which_o i_o will_v proceed_v forestaller_n regrador_n and_o engrosser_n if_o any_o person_n shall_v buy_v or_o contract_n for_o any_o merchandise_n victual_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n whatsoever_o in_o the_o way_n by_o land_n or_o water_n before_o it_o be_v bring_v unto_o any_o city_n fair_a or_o market_n where_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v sell_v or_o shall_v cause_v the_o same_o to_o be_v so_o bring_v or_o shall_v dissuade_v the_o people_n from_o bring_v any_o such_o commodity_n to_o any_o such_o place_n or_o be_v bring_v shall_v persuade_v they_o to_o enhance_v the_o price_n thereof_o shall_v be_v adjudge_v a_o forestall_a stat._n 5._o ed._n 6._o 14._o a_o regrador_n be_v he_o that_o buy_v any_o grain_n wine_n fish_n butter_n cheese_n candle_n tallow_n sheep_n lamb_n calf_n swine_n pig_n goose_n capon_n hen_n chicken_n pigeon_n coney_n or_o other_o dead_a victual_n whatsoever_o bring_v to_o a_o fair_a or_o market_n to_o be_v sell_v there_o and_o to_o sell_v the_o same_o again_o in_o the_o same_o fair_a or_o market_n or_o in_o some_o other_o fair_a or_o market_n within_o four_o mile_n a_o engrosser_n be_v he_o that_o get_v into_o his_o hand_n by_o buy_v contract_n or_o promise_n other_o then_o by_o device_n or_o grant_n any_o corn_n grow_v in_o the_o field_n or_o other_o grain_n butter_n cheese_n fish_n or_o o_o her_o dead_a victual_n whatsoever_o with_o intent_n to_o sell_v it_o again_o the_o offender_n in_o any_o of_o these_o case_n shall_v forfeit_v for_o the_o first_o offence_n the_o value_n of_o the_o good_n so_o buy_v and_o two_o month_n imprisonment_n without_o bail_n for_o the_o second_o offence_n the_o double_a value_n and_o six_o month_n imprisonment_n without_o bail_n and_o for_o the_o three_o shall_v forfeit_v all_o his_o good_n be_v set_v on_o the_o pillory_n and_o be_v imprison_v at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n he_o that_o buy_v grain_n in_o any_o market_n for_o change_n of_o seed_n shall_v bring_v as_o much_o hither_o the_o same_o day_n and_o sell_v it_o according_a to_o the_o present_a price_n of_o grain_n on_o pain_n to_o forfeit_v double_a the_o value_n of_o the_o grain_n so_o buy_v he_o that_o buy_v any_o cattle_n and_o sell_v the_o same_o alive_a within_o five_o week_n shall_v forfeit_v the_o double_a value_n thereof_o during_o which_o time_n he_o ought_v to_o keep_v they_o upon_o pasture_n either_o have_v by_o grant_n or_o prescription_n these_o offence_n shall_v be_v divide_v between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prosecutor_n wine_n without_o licence_n no_o person_n whatsoever_o not_o lawful_o authorize_v by_o licence_n shall_v sell_v or_o utter_v any_o wine_n by_o retail_n to_o be_v spend_v in_o his_o or_o their_o mansionhouse_n or_o in_o any_o other_o place_n in_o their_o tenure_n by_o any_o colour_n craft_n or_o engine_n on_o pain_n of_o 10_o l._n to_o be_v divide_v between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prosecutor_n which_o suit_n shall_v be_v comence_v within_o a_o year_n after_o the_o offence_n commit_v stat_n 7._o e._n 6._o 5_o understand_v no_o colour_n craft_n nor_o engine_n shall_v evade_v the_o penalty_n of_o this_o statute_n it_o be_v not_o the_o pretence_n of_o the_o keep_v a_o free_a vintner_n as_o they_o call_v it_o nor_o take_v their_o wine_n of_o a_o vintner_n or_o other_o such_o pretence_n may_v serve_v their_o turn_n of_o import_v silk_n or_o ribbon_n etc._n etc._n none_o shall_v bring_v or_o cause_n to_o be_v bring_v into_o england_n any_o silk_n wrought_v by_o itself_o or_o other_o stuff_n out_o of_o england_n in_o ribbon_n lace_n girdle_n corpse_n cawl_n tissue_n or_o point_n on_o pain_n to_o forfeit_v the_o same_o or_o the_o value_n thereof_o to_o be_v divide_v between_o the_o king_n and_o any_o one_o that_o shall_v seize_v or_o sue_v for_o the_o same_o stat._n 19_o h._n 7._o 21._o a_o general_a complaint_n be_v now_o make_v by_o most_o nay_o all_o tradesman_n that_o work_v in_o silk_n of_o the_o great_a damage_n to_o the_o english_a manufacture_n in_o silk_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o ribbon_n and_o wrought_a silk_n borough_n into_o this_o nation_n by_o the_o french_a and_o dutch_a and_o those_o foreign_a nation_n to_o the_o great_a hindrance_n and_o decay_n of_o our_o english_a trade_n for_o prevention_n of_o which_o i_o have_v the_o rather_o quote_v this_o statute_n to_o discover_v a_o remedy_n for_o my_o grieve_a countryman_n in_o this_o behalf_n by_o which_o they_o may_v wright_n themselves_o if_o they_o look_v after_o it_o wood._n there_o be_v such_o waste_n and_o devastation_n of_o wood_n and_o timber_n and_o the_o growth_n thereof_o in_o this_o nation_n as_o predicate_v a_o sad_a event_n and_o inevitable_a calamity_n ensue_v if_o it_o be_v not_o timely_o prevent_v though_o i_o be_o half_a afraid_a it_o be_v too_o late_o already_o but_o hope_v better_a and_o do_v hereby_o invite_v all_o lover_n of_o their_o country_n good_a effectual_o to_o put_v in_o practice_n all_o such_o law_n and_o statute_n as_o be_v ordain_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o wood_n and_o timber_n as_o here_o they_o follow_v statute_n 35_o h._n 8_o 17._o there_o shall_v be_v leave_v unfel_v in_o every_o acre_n of_o copice_n or_o under_o wood_n which_o shall_v be_v fell_v at_o twenty_o four_o year_n growth_n or_o under_o twelve_o standil_n of_o oak_n or_o if_o there_o be_v not_o so_o many_o oak_n the_o number_n shall_v be_v make_v up_o of_o elm_n ash_n asp_n or_o beech_n which_o standil_n shall_v not_o be_v fell_v until_o they_o bear_v ten_o inch_n square_a within_o three_o foot_n of_o the_o ground_n on_o pain_n that_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o wood_n shall_v forfeit_v for_o every_o standil_n nor_o so_o leave_v 3_o s._n 4_o do_v and_o for_o every_o standil_n leave_v and_o afterward_o cut_v down_o before_o he_o come_v to_o that_o bigness_n as_o aforesaid_a 3_o s._n 4_o d._n the_o forfeiture_n to_o be_v divide_v between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prosecutor_n none_o shall_v convert_v into_o tillage_n or_o pasture_n any_o underwood_n or_o copice_n contain_v two_o acre_n or_o above_o and_o be_v two_o furlong_n distant_a from_o the_o house_n of_o the_o owner_n thereof_o or_o from_o the_o house_n whereunto_o such_o wood_n do_v belong_v on_o pain_n to_o forfeit_v 40_o s_o for_o every_o acre_n so_o convert_v it_o be_v well_o if_o this_o be_v careful_o look_v after_o but_o the_o owner_n of_o any_o such_o copice_n or_o under_o wood_n may_v fell_a standil_n for_o his_o own_o use_n for_o building_n or_o repair_v etc._n etc._n notwithstanding_o this_o act._n the_o lord_n of_o the_o soil_n shall_v not_o fell_v or_o cut_v down_o any_o wood_n or_o copice_n wherein_o other_o have_v common_a except_o it_o be_v to_o his_o own_o use_n before_o he_o and_o the_o commoner_n shall_v agree_v in_o the_o set_n out_o a_o four_o part_n thereof_o to_o be_v employ_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o in_o case_n they_o can_v agree_v thereupon_o two_o justice_n of_o peace_n appoint_v by_o the_o session_n shall_v have_v power_n to_o call_v before_o they_o twelve_o of_o the_o commoner_n and_o inhabitant_n and_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o they_o shall_v set_v out_o a_o four_o part_n thereof_o to_o be_v enclose_v by_o the_o lord_n within_o one_o month_n after_o and_o then_o to_o be_v fell_v at_o his_o pleasure_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o law_n and_o penalty_n upon_o breach_n thereof_o as_o other_o copice_n before_o mention_v be_v and_o if_o any_o beast_n be_v suffer_v to_o come_v into_o such_o four_o part_n within_o seven_o year_n after_o it_o