for_o septuagint_n and_o pary_n and_o day_n case_n quinquegent_n for_o quinquagint_v and_o these_o hold_v no_o material_a variance_n latch_n on_o the_o other_o side_n say_v the_o word_n in_o the_o bond_n be_v uncertain_a and_o the_o condition_n have_v nothing_o in_o it_o to_o reduce_v it_o to_o a_o certain_a signification_n and_o if_o it_o make_v any_o certainty_n in_o it_o it_o must_v make_v it_o signify_v 400_o l._n and_o then_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v fail_v in_o his_o declarasion_n and_o hobart_n case_n differ_v from_o this_o and_z as_o for_o osborn_n case_n it_o be_v various_o report_v and_o so_o not_o to_o be_v rely_v on_o roll_v chief_a justice_n what_o say_v you_o to_o sessanta_n but_o the_o question_n here_o be_v what_o shall_v be_v mean_v by_o the_o word_n whether_o 40._o or_o 400._o and_o in_o fiâ—zâ—â—_n bert_n case_n judgement_n be_v give_v upon_o a_o demurrer_n variance_n variance_n that_o gent_n for_o gint_z be_v a_o material_a variance_n and_o our_o case_n be_v all_o one_o with_o that_o if_o the_o doubt_n be_v whether_o it_o shall_v be_v 40._o or_o 400._o how_o shall_v we_o know_v the_o intent_n of_o the_o party_n and_o if_o it_o be_v certain_a it_o must_v he_o understand_v 400._o and_o the_o action_n be_v bring_v but_o for_o 40._o l._n 44_o eliz._n mich._n rot_v 1301._o grace_n and_o davis_n case_n sexgint_n be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v a_o bond_n of_o 60_o l._n and_o not_o of_o 600_o l._n and_o it_o be_v the_o gentleman_n and_o gint_z in_o all_o the_o case_n that_o make_v the_o difference_n and_o the_o case_n of_o sessanta_n come_v not_o to_o our_o case_n and_o so_o conclude_v judgement_n to_o be_v against_o the_o plaintiff_n jerman_n nicholas_n and_o ask_v justice_n of_o the_o same_o opinion_n nicholas_n justice_n say_v that_o false_a latin_a in_o a_o bond_n do_v not_o make_v it_o naught_o but_o he_o hold_v this_o bond_n be_v for_o 400_o l._n and_o not_o 40_o l._n and_o it_o be_v not_o incertain_a for_o the_o grammar_n rule_n ginta_fw-la notat_fw-la decem_fw-la sed_fw-la genta_fw-la numero_fw-la centum_fw-la do_v hold_v here_o antea_fw-la gay_a against_o gay_n pasc_n 1651._o banc._n sup_v trin._n 1650._o rot_n 1350._o upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n find_v in_o a_o replevin_n conditional_a whether_o a_o estate_n tail_n or_o fee_n conditional_a the_o case_n be_v this_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o a_o copyhold_n borough_n english_a devise_v it_o to_o h._n his_o grandchild_n and_o to_o his_o heir_n and_o if_o he_o die_v during_o the_o life_n of_o his_o mother_n the_o remainder_n to_o h._n his_o young_a brother_n and_o to_o his_o heir_n the_o question_n here_o be_v whether_o here_o be_v a_o estate_n tail_n in_o h._n or_o a_o fee_n simple_a executory_a if_o it_o be_v a_o estate_n tail_n than_o the_o devise_n be_v say_v not_o good_a because_o it_o be_v of_o a_o copyhold_n but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o fersimple_n limitation_n limitation_n than_o it_o be_v a_o good_a devise_n roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v that_o a_o limitation_n of_o a_o inheritance_n after_o a_o absolute_a fee_n simple_a be_v not_o a_o good_a limitation_n for_o this_o will_v be_v to_o make_v a_o perpetuity_n which_o the_o law_n will_v not_o admit_v perpetuity_n perpetuity_n but_o if_o it_o be_v upon_o a_o contingent_a fee_n simple_a it_o be_v otherwise_o adjournatur_fw-la postea_fw-la heale_n against_o greene._n pasc_n 1651._o banc._n sup_v hill_n 649_o rot_n 370._o in_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n and_o ejectment_n ejectment_n case_n upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n in_o trespass_n and_o ejectment_n upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n sound_n the_o case_n prove_v to_o be_v this_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o a_o manor_n that_o have_v divers_a tenant_n that_o hold_v for_o life_n by_o old_a rent_n devise_v it_o to_o his_o wife_n during_o her_o life_n with_o power_n to_o let_v and_o set_v and_o make_v estate_n out_o of_o they_o in_o as_o ample_a manner_n as_o the_o testator_n may_v if_o he_o be_v live_v the_o question_n be_v make_v by_o latch_n 1._o whether_o this_o power_n give_v she_o to_o set_v and_o set_v etc._n etc._n do_v not_o alter_v her_o estate_n for_o life_n in_o the_o land_n devise_v to_o she_o 2_o whether_o this_o power_n give_v she_o by_o the_o will_n add_v any_o power_n to_o her_o estate_n for_o life_n to_o make_v estate_n and_o he_o hold_v for_o the_o first_o that_o the_o power_n give_v she_o do_v not_o alter_v her_o estate_n and_o 2_o that_o it_o add_v no_o power_n unto_o her_o estate_n because_o the_o clause_n in_o the_o will_n be_v one_o entire_a clause_n and_o not_o double_a and_o accumulative_a and_o so_o she_o can_v make_v no_o great_a estate_n than_o her_o estate_n for_o life_n will_v bear_v and_o for_o the_o objection_n that_o be_v make_v that_o then_o the_o word_n that_o limit_v the_o power_n to_o she_o be_v void_a and_o idle_a he_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o all_o the_o word_n in_o a_o will_n shall_v give_v something_o but_o some_o word_n may_v be_v explanatory_n of_o other_o word_n and_o so_o be_v these_o word_n here_o and_o yet_o the_o word_n here_o may_v add_v something_o to_o her_o estate_n viz._n to_o enable_v she_o to_o make_v estate_n without_o impeachment_n of_o waste_n and_o the_o word_n shall_v not_o be_v intend_v of_o the_o time_n of_o execution_n of_o the_o estate_n make_v by_o the_o feme_fw-fr for_o than_o they_o be_v idle_a hill_n 1_o car._n banc._n reg._n danyel_n and_o vplin_n case_n one_o may_v dispose_v a_o estate_n by_o will_n for_o life_n with_o power_n to_o make_v estate_n to_o continue_v after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o party_n that_o make_v they_o but_o here_o the_o estate_n be_v make_v only_o out_o of_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o wife_n which_o can_v endure_v after_o her_o life_n pasc_n 44._o eliz._n bible_n and_o dringhouse_n and_o so_o pray_v judgement_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n hale_n for_o the_o defendant_n make_v these_o question_n 1._o what_o power_n be_v give_v by_o the_o will_n 2_o whether_o it_o be_v well_o execute_v and_o he_o hold_v the_o feme_fw-fr being_n executrix_fw-la have_v but_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n but_o she_o have_v a_o power_n to_o make_v estate_n as_o she_o have_v do_v there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o such_o a_o power_n may_v be_v add_v the_o question_n only_o be_v if_o this_o power_n be_v add_v here_o in_o our_o case_n and_o he_o say_v it_o be_v add_v by_o the_o express_a word_n of_o the_o will_n for_o else_o those_o word_n be_v frivolous_a and_o operate_v nothing_o in_o danyel_n and_o vplin_n case_v cite_v which_o be_v enter_v 20_o jac._n hill_n 720._o there_o be_v no_o express_a estate_n give_v to_o the_o party_n but_o a_o mere_a power_n only_o and_o it_o be_v not_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o word_n add_v for_o they_o be_v only_o conjunctive_a word_n and_o justice_n whitlock_n hold_v there_o that_o the_o first_o word_n give_v the_o power_n though_o justice_n jones_n differ_v in_o opinion_n and_o that_o case_n be_v the_o very_a same_o with_o we_o the_o reason_n in_o our_o case_n that_o the_o word_n give_v power_n to_o the_o feme_fw-fr may_v appear_v by_o the_o compare_v this_o part_n of_o the_o will_n with_o the_o other_o part_n of_o it_o in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o will_v where_o thing_n be_v devise_v to_o his_o wife_n these_o word_n here_o use_v be_v not_o add_v and_o that_o argue_v that_o the_o testator_n intend_v the_o feme_fw-fr more_fw-mi power_n than_o in_o other_o thing_n devise_v to_o she_o and_o the_o word_n themselves_o be_v a_o devise_n of_o a_o manor_n prove_v by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n that_o the_o testator_n intend_v to_o give_v power_n to_o the_o feme_fw-fr to_o make_v estate_n out_o of_o the_o manor_n and_o it_o can_v be_v intend_v that_o the_o word_n in_o as_o ample_a manner_n &c_n &c_n do_v only_o give_v the_o feme_fw-fr power_n to_o assign_v over_o her_o term_n vaughan_n and_o long_v case_n 24_o c._n the_o word_n be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v word_n to_o enlarge_v the_o power_n of_o the_o legatée_n and_o so_o be_v they_o here_o and_o the_o subsequent_a clause_n during_o the_o term_n of_o her_o life_n restrain_v not_o the_o power_n for_o these_o word_n may_v be_v either_o refer_v to_o the_o estate_n to_o be_v make_v or_o to_o the_o time_n of_o make_v they_o and_o here_o they_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o power_n and_o this_o be_v more_o suitable_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n in_o ordinary_a reason_n and_o they_o be_v add_v to_o expound_v the_o intent_n viz._n that_o the_o remainder_n limit_v over_o shall_v not_o hinder_v the_o feme_fw-fr for_o he_o have_v not_o bar_v she_o out_o and_o have_v impose_v this_o trust_n in_o she_o as_o executrix_n and_o as_o legatee_n and_o for_o the_o 2d_o point_n here_o be_v a_o good_a execution_n of_o
the_o power_n for_o it_o arise_v partly_o out_o of_o her_o interest_n and_o partly_o out_o of_o her_o authority_n and_o both_o may_v well_o stand_v together_o and_o the_o estate_n make_v out_o of_o both_o be_v a_o good_a estate_n or_o if_o not_o the_o estate_n may_v be_v intend_v to_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o power_n give_v she_o to_o make_v such_o a_o estate_n and_o not_o out_o of_o her_o interest_n and_o the_o join_n of_o her_o daughter_n be_v not_o material_a though_o no_o good_a estate_n be_v derive_v from_o she_o and_o so_o he_o pray_v judgement_n for_o the_o defendant_n roll_v chief_a justice_n it_o be_v usual_a in_o the_o west_n of_o england_n to_o make_v estate_n for_o life_n upon_o the_o old_a rent_n but_o it_o be_v not_o here_o express_v of_o what_o nature_n this_o manor_n be_v or_o whether_o it_o use_v to_o be_v let_v and_o here_o be_v no_o limitation_n to_o let_v for_o life_n but_o here_o either_o the_o lastre_n word_n be_v idle_a or_o else_o the_o feme_fw-fr have_v such_o a_o power_n that_o she_o may_v destroy_v the_o remainder_n and_o itsh_fw-mi all_fw-mi not_o be_v intend_v that_o he_o trust_v his_o executrix_n with_o more_o than_o he_o give_v she_o and_o the_o word_n of_o the_o will_v do_v not_o express_v that_o and_o the_o question_n be_v how_o it_o shall_v be_v interpret_v the_o word_n may_v be_v interpret_v cumulative_a interpretation_n interpretation_n otherwise_o the_o feme_fw-fr have_v power_n to_o destroy_v the_o remainder_n which_o will_v be_v a_o hard_a construction_n to_o which_o nicholas_n assent_v roll_v chief_a justie_a the_o intention_n of_o the_o testator_n be_v not_o clear_a to_o give_v this_o power_n to_o the_o feme_fw-fr but_o if_o it_o do_v appear_v to_o be_v his_o meaning_n it_o may_v be_v otherwise_o and_o here_o it_o be_v in_o a_o will._n and_o the_o verdict_n be_v not_o well_o draw_v up_o for_o the_o case_n may_v have_v be_v make_v better_o for_o all_o the_o land_n may_v be_v in_o demesite_n for_o aught_o appear_v by_o the_o verdict_n adjourn_v to_o be_v argue_v again_o postea_fw-la webb_n against_o wilmer_n pasch_fw-mi 1651._o banc._n sup_v hill_n 1650._o rot_n 309._o webb_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n for_o rend_v reserve_v by_o he_o upon_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n make_v to_o wilmer_n year_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o debt_n for_o rend_v reserve_v upon_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n and_o obtain_v a_o verdict_n the_o defendant_n move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n and_o allege_v for_o cause_n that_o the_o plaintif_n have_v abate_v his_o writ_n the_o case_n be_v this_o webb_n lease_v certain_a land_n to_o wilmer_n for_o year_n reserve_v a_o rent_n with_o a_o clause_n of_o reentry_n for_o not_o payment_n the_o rent_n be_v behind_o the_o lessor_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n for_o the_o rent_n and_o pend_v the_o suit_n re-enter_v into_o the_o land_n and_o after_o the_o lessee_n re-enter_v the_o question_n here_o be_v whether_o the_o write_v once_o abate_v by_o the_o plaintiff_n entry_n abatement_n reviver_n abatement_n pend_v the_o writ_n be_v revive_v by_o the_o defendant_n reentry_n roll_v chief_a justice_n hold_v it_o be_v not_o twisden_n argue_v that_o the_o writ_n be_v not_o abate_v but_o only_o abatable_a by_o plea_n and_o so_o this_o matter_n be_v not_o to_o be_v offer_v to_o stay_v the_o judgement_n 5_o h._n 7._o f._n 47._o and_o he_o have_v plead_v nothing_o in_o abatement_n but_o to_o the_o action_n only_o and_o he_o say_v that_o it_o now_o be_v after_o a_o verdict_n it_o be_v help_v by_o the_o statute_n hale_n on_o the_o other_o side_n say_v that_o it_o do_v here_o appear_v that_o the_o plaintif_n have_v no_o cause_n of_o action_n for_o he_o be_v in_o possession_n when_o he_o bring_v the_o ejectment_n roll_v answer_v if_o one_o declare_v have_v no_o cause_n of_o action_n departure_n declaration_n departure_n if_o there_o be_v cause_n afterward_o it_o be_v well_o enough_o but_o here_o be_v a_o departure_n and_o the_o 1._o ejectment_n be_v not_o revive_v for_o it_o be_v purge_v by_o the_o re_fw-mi entry_n the_o rule_n be_v nil_fw-la capiat_fw-la per_fw-la billam_fw-la nisi_fw-la the_o custodes_fw-la libertatis_fw-la etc._n etc._n against_o hall_n pasch_fw-mi 1651._o banc._n sup_v hall_n be_v indict_v for_o forestalling_a of_o butter_n forestalling_a error_n to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n upon_o a_o endictment_n for_o forestalling_a and_o plead_v and_o have_v judgement_n give_v against_o he_o whereupon_o he_o bring_v his_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o take_v these_o exception_n 1._o that_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o the_o endictment_n be_v at_o the_o quarter_n session_n as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o ed._n 6._o for_o it_o be_v only_o say_v to_o be_v ad_fw-la generalem_fw-la sessionem_fw-la roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v if_o it_o be_v ad_fw-la generalem_fw-la sessionem_fw-la it_o may_v be_v intend_v the_o quarter_n session_n intendment_n intendment_n 2_o it_o be_v object_v that_o there_o be_v no_o capiatur_fw-la award_v in_o the_o judgement_n as_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o court_n answer_v they_o will_v advise_v willis_n against_o bond._n pasch_fw-mi 1651._o banc._n sup_v mich._n 1650._o rot_n 86._o bond_n a_o administrator_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n in_o bristol_n against_o willis_n upon_o a_o indebitatus_fw-la assumpsit_fw-la debt_n error_n to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n in_o debt_n and_o have_v a_o judgement_n the_o defendant_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o take_v these_o exception_n 1._o that_o the_o plaintif_n declare_v for_o a_o thing_n the_o conusance_n whereof_o lie_v out_o of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o court_n jurisdiction_n jurisdiction_n for_o it_o be_v for_o wage_n to_o be_v pay_v upon_o the_o performance_n of_o a_o voyage_n to_o be_v make_v in_o locis_fw-la transmarinis_fw-la roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v this_o be_v a_o good_a exception_n for_o they_o can_v inquire_v at_o bristol_n whether_o the_o party_n have_v perform_v his_o voyage_n or_o not_o the_o second_o exception_n be_v that_o the_o plaintif_n declare_v that_o the_o defendant_n be_v indebt_v to_o he_o in_o such_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n to_o render_v he_o a_o account_n the_o court_n answer_v this_o be_v not_o good_a debt_n account_n debt_n for_o in_o such_o case_n a_o action_n of_o account_n lie_v and_o not_o a_o indebitatus_fw-la assumpsit_fw-la and_o for_o these_o cause_v the_o judgement_n be_v reverse_v nisi_fw-la and_o pronounce_v by_o jerman_a justice_n at_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n counsel_n in_o english_a be_v the_o first_o that_o be_v pronounce_v so_o in_o this_o court_n according_a to_o the_o late_a act_n for_o proceed_n in_o law_n to_o be_v in_o english_a quod_fw-la nota_fw-la gowr_n against_o pasch_fw-mi 1651._o banc._n sup_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n upon_o a_o verdict_n find_v for_o the_o plaintif_a trover_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o trover_n and_o conversion_n demand_v trover_n in_o a_o trover_n and_o conversion_n bring_v by_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr for_o good_n of_o the_o feme_fw-fr dum_fw-la ipsa_fw-la sola_fw-la suis_fw-la the_o exception_n be_v that_o it_o be_v not_o express_v that_o the_o good_n be_v demand_v by_o the_o feme_fw-fr roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v the_o demand_v of_o the_o feme_fw-fr be_v good_a to_o found_v the_o action_n and_o it_o be_v then_o also_o say_v that_o a_o trover_n and_o conversion_n lie_v for_o good_n find_v and_o convert_v although_o they_o come_v afterward_o to_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o party_n that_o lose_v they_o the_o rule_n be_v judicium_fw-la nisi_fw-la pasch_fw-mi 1651._o banc._n sup_v memorandum_n the_o first_o rule_n of_o this_o court_n make_v in_o english_a be_v between_o white_a and_o keblewhite_n pasch_fw-mi 1651._o pease_n against_o shrimpton_n pasc_n 1651._o banc._n sup_v hill_n 24_o car._n rot_v 191._o the_o court_n be_v inform_v by_o council_n that_o the_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la and_o bail-piece_n be_v lose_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v pray_v that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o new_a habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la and_o that_o the_o old_a bail_n put_v in_o may_v be_v allow_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o court_n roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v make_v a_o new_a habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la bail_n habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la bail_n and_o a_o new_a bail-piece_n but_o first_o let_v tutt_n the_o attorney_n that_o be_v clark_n of_o the_o bail_n attend_v here_o to_o be_v examine_v whether_o the_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la &_o bail-piece_n be_v lose_v as_o be_v suggest_v ritch_n against_o sanders_n pasch_fw-mi 1651._o banc._n sup_v hill_n 1649._o rot_n 758._o rich_a bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o sander_n for_o take_v away_o his_o corn_n set_v forth_o for_o tithe_n will._n special_a verdict_n in_o trespass_n for_o tithe_n upon_o the_o word_n of_o a_o will._n upon_o issue_n join_v a_o special_a verdict_n be_v find_v whereupon_o the_o case_n fall_v out_o to_o be_v upon_o the_o construction_n of_o the_o
determine_v and_o hanbury_n and_o cookrells_n case_n be_v not_o adjudge_v but_o if_o it_o be_v it_o be_v on_o my_o side_n and_o mich._n 37_o &_o 38._o c._n b._n rot_v 1149._o it_o be_v adjudge_v upon_o solemn_a argument_n at_o the_o bar_n and_o on_o the_o bench_n contrary_a to_o the_o judgement_n in_o pell_n and_o brown_n case_n if_o land_n be_v devise_v to_o one_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o if_o he_o die_v without_o issue_n that_o the_o land_n shall_v be_v to_o another_o and_o his_o heir_n this_o be_v no_o estate_n tail_n for_o it_o can_v stand_v with_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n to_o devise_v â—uth_n a_o estate_n for_o it_o be_v but_o a_o possibility_n and_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v more_o it_o must_v be_v a_o fee_n upon_o a_o fee_n and_o so_o a_o perpetuity_n and_o it_o can_v be_v know_v within_o what_o bound_n it_o shall_v end_v either_o in_o case_n of_o year_n or_o life_n or_o other_o contingency_n and_o the_o comparison_n of_o lampets_n case_n be_v not_o like_a to_o this_o case_n for_o that_o be_v or_o a_o term_n but_o this_o be_v of_o a_o freehold_n and_o a_o contingent_a devise_n of_o a_o freehold_n be_v not_o good_a since_o the_o statute_n of_o 32_o h._n 8._o and_o brook_z do_fw-mi devise_v 2_o dyer_n 28_o h._n 8._o f._n 3â—_n be_v not_o a_o opinion_n against_o this_o and_o though_o there_o can_v be_v such_o a_o devise_n of_o other_o land_n yet_o copyhold_n land_n can_v be_v so_o devise_v as_o the_o case_n be_v here_o for_o there_o can_v be_v so_o much_o as_o a_o possibility_n of_o reverter_n for_o there_o be_v no_o custom_n to_o warrant_v it_o hill_n 5._o car._n king_n and_o leyden_n in_o this_o court_n and_o dyer_n 264._o and_o though_o there_o may_v be_v a_o reverter_n yet_o he_o can_v devise_v it_o by_o will_n and_o if_o he_o can_v yet_o here_o the_o conbeyance_n be_v make_v up_o by_o surrender_n admittance_n and_o devise_v and_o the_o party_n be_v here_o in_o by_o the_o surrender_n and_o not_o by_o the_o devise_n and_o so_o be_v a_o copyholder_n in_o by_o act_n execute_v and_o not_o upon_o the_o contingency_n and_o the_o will_n be_v but_o to_o direct_v and_o though_o all_o this_o be_v otherwise_o yet_o the_o plaintiff_n can_v have_v judgement_n for_o it_o appear_v not_o that_o the_o surrender_n be_v present_v at_o any_o court_n at_o all_o and_o here_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o recital_n find_v jerman_n justice_n say_v by_o the_o common_a law_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o presentment_n at_o the_o next_o court_n roll_v chief_a justice_n and_o nicholas_n justice_n there_o be_v no_o certain_a time_n for_o the_o presentment_n but_o it_o be_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o manor_n so_o that_o it_o be_v within_o the_o life_n of_o the_o tenant_n roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v it_o be_v a_o inconvenience_n to_o devise_v such_o a_o contingent_a estate_n nicholas_n doubt_v for_o he_o say_v it_o will_v shake_v many_o will_n if_o it_o may_v not_o be_v and_o so_o say_v hales_n the_o court_n will_v advise_v hales_v confess_v the_o verdict_n be_v imperfect_a but_o pray_v it_o may_v be_v amend_v but_o latch_n answer_v it_o be_v good_a enough_o for_o we_o the_o defendant_n for_o we_o have_v primer_n possession_n the_o court_n answer_v it_o will_v be_v good_a to_o have_v it_o amend_v and_o not_o to_o have_v a_o venire_fw-la de_fw-fr novo_fw-la venire_fw-la venire_fw-la for_o that_o will_v be_v chargeable_a but_o if_o the_o verdict_n be_v imperfect_a to_o bring_v the_o matter_n in_o law_n into_o question_n we_o can_v grant_v a_o new_a venire_fw-la although_o it_o have_v be_v heretofore_o doubt_v therefore_o be_v advise_v so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v argue_v antea_fw-la heal_n against_o green_n trin._n 1651._o banc._n sup_v hill_n 1649._o rot_n 370._o the_o case_n between_o heal_n and_o green_n upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n former_o argue_v by_o latch_n be_v again_o speak_v to_o and_o argue_v by_o twisden_n will._n argument_n upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n upon_o construction_n of_o word_n of_o a_o will._n and_o he_o hold_v that_o the_o feme_fw-fr have_v power_n by_o the_o will_v to_o make_v the_o lease_n notwithstanding_o that_o she_o have_v but_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n and_o cite_v 11_o car._n b._n r._n hill_n rot_v 810._o job_n and_o whites_n case_n and_o 21_o jac._n danyel_n and_o vgnel_n and_o he_o say_v that_o the_o remainder_n limit_v to_o the_o daughter_n do_v not_o hurt_v for_o it_o may_v very_o well_o stand_v with_o the_o will_n and_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o testator_n appear_v upon_o the_o whole_a to_o be_v to_o give_v such_o a_o power_n to_o his_o wife_n to_o make_v this_o lease_n and_o cite_v 8_o car._n perd_v and_o bensams_n case_n and_o there_o be_v a_o clause_n in_o the_o will_n that_o show_v that_o the_o testator_n do_v intend_v to_o advance_v his_o wife_n by_o this_o devise_n and_o the_o feme_fw-fr shall_v be_v in_o by_o the_o power_n which_o shall_v make_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o lease_n good_a and_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o recite_v the_o power_n as_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o roger_n case_n maynard_n on_o the_o other_o side_n say_v he_o will_v not_o dispute_v the_o power_n but_o here_o be_v no_o such_o power_n give_v to_o the_o wife_n as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o express_a word_n of_o the_o will_n which_o do_v only_o describe_v that_o she_o shall_v only_o make_v estate_n but_o for_o her_o life_n otherwise_o she_o may_v make_v estate_n in_o tail_n or_o in_o fee_n and_o if_o this_o shall_v be_v the_o last_o part_n of_o the_o will_n which_o do_v limit_n the_o remainder_n will_v be_v destroy_v and_o general_n in_o a_o will_n shall_v not_o revoke_v a_o express_a devise_n but_o they_o ought_v so_o to_o be_v construe_v that_o all_o the_o will_n may_v stand_v together_o as_o bonham_n case_n be_v 8._o rep_n roll_v chief_a justice_n it_o be_v a_o difficult_a thing_n to_o show_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o testator_n here_o but_o the_o general_n must_v not_o destroy_v the_o particular_a devise_n to_o which_o nicholas_n justice_n assent_v and_o roll_v incline_v that_o the_o feme_fw-fr have_v power_n by_o the_o will_v to_o make_v this_o estate_n otherwise_o the_o word_n of_o the_o will_n must_v be_v idle_a and_o void_a and_o it_o may_v be_v the_o baron_n intend_v to_o give_v his_o wife_n such_o a_o power_n that_o she_o may_v destroy_v the_o remainder_n and_o otherwise_o there_o can_v be_v any_o construction_n make_v of_o the_o will._n ask_v justice_n differ_v in_o opinion_n and_o say_v it_o be_v unreasonable_a the_o remainder_n shall_v be_v destroy_v which_o be_v express_o limit_v by_o the_o will_n and_o a_o will_n do_v differ_v from_o a_o conveyance_n nicholas_n justice_n say_v that_o the_o word_n shall_v be_v expound_v to_o show_v his_o bounty_n to_o his_o wife_n but_o not_o to_o give_v her_o power_n to_o destroy_v the_o remainder_n jerman_n justice_n there_o be_v express_a word_n for_o the_o feme_fw-fr and_o the_o daughter_n and_o the_o feme_fw-fr have_v a_o power_n but_o not_o to_o destroy_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o daughter_n curia_fw-la advisare_fw-la vult_fw-la antea_fw-la booth_n against_o lambert_n trin._n 1651._o banc._n sup_v hill_n 1649._o rot_n 201._o upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n upon_o these_o word_n not_o argument_n and_o judgement_n upon_o special_a verdict_n the_o question_n whether_o dower_n well_o assiâ—gâ—ed_v or_o not_o viz._n i_o do_v endow_v you_o of_o a_o three_o part_n of_o all_o the_o land_n my_o cousin_n i._o s._n your_o husband_n die_v seize_v of_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o feme_fw-fr were_z well_o endow_v by_o these_o word_n because_o he_o do_v not_o say_v that_o he_o endow_v she_o by_o mete_n and_o bound_n chase_n hold_v she_o be_v not_o well_o endow_v and_o cite_v 8_o ed._n 2.15_o and_o say_v that_o here_o be_v incertainty_n which_o beget_v dissension_n which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v and_o the_o thing_n be_v not_o here_o entire_a but_o may_v be_v divide_v and_o this_o be_v a_o assignment_n of_o dower_n which_o differ_v from_o a_o demand_n of_o dower_n for_o a_o demand_n may_v be_v general_a as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o thou_o and_o thou_o in_o this_o court_n and_o of_o fairefax_n and_o fairefax_n and_o so_o the_o book_n of_o 8_o e._n 2._o entry_n congeable_a s_n 5._o which_o seem_v to_o prove_v the_o contrary_a that_o be_v not_o to_o our_o case_n for_o it_o differ_v from_o it_o merifield_n of_o council_n on_o the_o other_o side_n hold_v the_o feme_fw-fr be_v well_o endow_v and_o agree_v the_o case_n put_v by_o chase_n that_o of_o common_a right_n a_o feme_fw-fr ought_v to_o be_v endow_v by_o mete_n and_o bound_n yet_o sometime_o it_o be_v otherwise_o as_o 3_o eliz._n dyer_n 27._o a_fw-fr feme_fw-fr endow_v in_o common_a and_o the_o feme_fw-fr that_o be_v to_o be_v endow_v and_o the_o
for_o another_o man_n he_o have_v unwilling_o commit_v a_o trespass_n against_o the_o plaintif_n in_o take_v away_o 2_o or_o 3_o wheele-barroughs_a of_o earth_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n soil_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v pray_v that_o the_o matter_n may_v be_v refer_v to_o the_o secondary_a to_o tax_v the_o damage_n and_o cost_v for_o the_o trespass_n which_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o pay_v &_o that_o the_o proceed_n may_v be_v stay_v but_o roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v it_o can_v be_v but_o you_o may_v confess_v the_o action_n reference_n reference_n he_o will_v against_o green_n hill_n 1651._o banc._n sup_v in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la a_o special_a verdict_n be_v find_v upon_o which_o the_o case_n fall_v out_o to_o be_v this_o a_o man_n be_v lessee_n of_o a_o manor_n for_o 199_o year_n firmae_fw-la special_a verdict_n in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la devise_v the_o term_n to_o his_o wife_n for_o life_n with_o power_n to_o make_v such_o estate_n in_o as_o ample_a manner_n as_o he_o himself_o may_v have_v do_v during_o her_o life_n and_o the_o remainder_n in_o tall_a to_o his_o daughter_n and_o die_v the_o feme_fw-fr prove_v the_o will_n and_o accept_v of_o the_o legacy_n and_o after_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o 99_o year_n and_o die_v and_o the_o daughter_n bring_v a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la against_o the_o lessee_n of_o the_o feme_fw-fr the_o question_n be_v whether_o this_o lease_n make_v by_o the_o feme_fw-fr be_v a_o good_a lease_n or_o not_o merifield_n argue_v that_o the_o lease_n be_v not_o good_a after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o feme_fw-fr because_o she_o have_v but_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n lease_n lease_n and_o the_o lease_n for_o 99_o year_n be_v derive_v out_o of_o it_o when_o the_o estate_n for_o life_n end_v the_o estate_n derive_v out_o of_o it_o must_v end_v also_o and_o 2_o if_o the_o feme_fw-fr have_v any_o power_n to_o dispose_v of_o any_o part_n of_o the_o term_n long_o than_o for_o her_o life_n by_o the_o same_o reason_n she_o may_v have_v dispose_v of_o all_o of_o it_o which_o can_v be_v intend_v for_o the_o testator_n do_v not_o mean_a that_o she_o shall_v have_v power_n to_o destroy_v the_o entayl_n make_v upon_o his_o daughter_n and_o as_o to_o the_o objection_n that_o she_o have_v disspose_v of_o but_o part_n of_o the_o term_n and_o therefore_o have_v not_o destroy_v the_o entayl_n i_o answer_v it_o matter_n not_o what_o she_o have_v do_v but_o what_o she_o may_v have_v do_v for_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o she_o dispose_v of_o part_n she_o may_v have_v dispose_v of_o the_o whole_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o argument_n i_o can_v not_o hear_v henage_n finch_n on_o the_o other_o side_n argue_v that_o the_o lease_n make_v by_o the_o feme_fw-fr continue_v after_o her_o death_n because_o the_o feme_fw-fr have_v a_fw-fr power_n give_v she_o to_o make_v such_o a_o lease_n and_o by_o virtue_n of_o that_o power_n the_o lease_n continue_v for_o the_o power_n give_v unto_o she_o relate_v to_o the_o estate_n to_o be_v make_v by_o she_o and_o not_o to_o the_o continuance_n of_o her_o life_n and_o here_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o testator_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v which_o be_v that_o his_o wife_n shall_v have_v the_o power_n to_o dispose_v of_o all_o the_o term_n if_o she_o will_v for_o he_o trust_v she_o with_o it_o because_o she_o be_v his_o wife_n and_o mother_n of_o his_o daughter_n to_o who_o the_o entayl_n be_v make_v and_o the_o very_a subject_n matter_n show_v his_o intent_n to_o be_v so_o and_o because_o there_o be_v no_o other_o power_n express_v against_o this_o in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o will_n and_o the_o word_n that_o give_v she_o this_o power_n will_v be_v idle_a and_o trifle_a if_o they_o shall_v receive_v any_o other_o construction_n 2_o car._n banc._n reg._n danyel_n and_o ogleys_n case_n and_o gibs_n and_o whites_n case_n 1_o car._n nor_o do_v the_o assent_n of_o the_o feme_fw-fr to_o the_o legacy_n to_o have_v the_o term_n for_o life_n destroy_v her_o power_n to_o make_v estate_n 2_o she_o have_v well_o execute_v this_o power_n for_o the_o jury_n have_v find_v that_o it_o be_v the_o lease_n of_o the_o feme_fw-fr 9_o jac._n suckham_n and_o hawkins_n case_n a_o power_n give_v to_o a_o executor_n may_v be_v execute_v by_o part_n roll_v chief_a justice_n hold_v lease_n lease_n the_o lease_n be_v good_a for_o a_o will_v aught_o to_o be_v so_o interpret_v that_o all_o the_o part_n of_o it_o may_v stand_v together_o and_o if_o the_o feme_fw-fr here_o have_v not_o power_n to_o make_v this_o lease_n the_o clause_n of_o give_v she_o this_o lease_n be_v idle_a and_o the_o meaning_n be_v so_o without_o doubt_n the_o feme_fw-fr have_v the_o sole_a estate_n in_o law_n in_o she_o and_o the_o power_n give_v here_o be_v but_o a_o restore_n to_o she_o of_o that_o which_o she_o have_v before_o by_o the_o law_n and_o her_o consent_n to_o the_o legacy_n do_v not_o take_v away_o her_o power_n to_o make_v estate_n and_o this_o limit_a power_n and_o the_o remainder_n to_o his_o daughter_n may_v stand_v together_o for_o it_o may_v be_v that_o the_o wife_n will_v not_o make_v such_o a_o lease_n and_o then_o the_o daughter_n shall_v have_v have_v the_o land_n in_o tail_n but_o if_o she_o dispose_v of_o it_o the_o daughter_n shall_v not_o have_v it_o jerman_n as_o roll._n nicholas_n justice_n hold_v that_o the_o feme_fw-fr can_v only_o dispose_v of_o the_o land_n during_o her_o life_n and_o that_o the_o testator_n intent_n by_o the_o word_n be_v that_o the_o feme_fw-fr shall_v not_o be_v tie_v to_o occupy_v the_o land_n herself_o during_o her_o life_n but_o may_v dispose_v of_o they_o ask_v as_o nicholas_n that_o she_o can_v dispose_v of_o the_o land_n only_o during_o her_o life_n for_o the_o power_n be_v only_o give_v during_o her_o life_n and_o this_o interpetation_n will_v make_v all_o part_n of_o the_o will_v stand_v together_o better_a than_o the_o other_o interpretation_n adjourn_v antea_fw-la dekin_n against_o latham_n hill_n 1651._o banc._n sup_v enter_v hill_n 22_o car._n rot_v 946._o in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la a_o special_a verdict_n be_v find_v firmae_fw-la special_a verdict_n in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la upon_o which_o the_o case_n fall_v out_o to_o be_v this_o one_o seize_v of_o land_n covenant_v to_o levy_v a_o fine_a to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o and_o his_o wife_n for_o life_n and_o after_o he_o lease_v the_o land_n for_o 21_o year_n for_o 3_o l._n rent_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la by_o equal_a portion_n and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o i.s._n to_o pay_v a_o gross_a sum_n of_o 125_o l._n by_o way_n of_o fine_a payable_a by_o 5_o l._n a_o year_n quarterly_a with_o a_o proviso_n in_o the_o indenture_n that_o for_o default_n of_o payment_n of_o the_o rent_n or_o fine_a or_o for_o want_n of_o reparation_n it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o the_o lessor_n to_o re-enter_v after_o the_o lessor_n levye_n a_o fine_a and_o assign_v over_o his_o interest_n in_o the_o reversion_n the_o question_n here_o be_v whether_o the_o condition_n of_o entry_n be_v transfer_v over_o to_o the_o assignee_n by_o the_o transfer_v over_o of_o the_o reversion_n hale_v of_o council_n with_o the_o plaintiff_n hold_v that_o the_o lease_n proceed_v from_o the_o husband_n only_o and_o not_o from_o the_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr and_o the_o condition_n be_v transfer_v over_o for_o the_o condition_n run_v joint_o as_o well_o to_o the_o fine_a reserve_v as_o to_o the_o rent_n and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o several_a condition_n in_o law_n although_o it_o be_v comprise_v but_o in_o one_o clause_n and_o not_o several_a clause_n and_o the_o condition_n as_o to_o the_o rent_n be_v transfer_v though_o not_o as_o to_o the_o fine_a in_o 19_o e_z 4._o f._n 7._o the_o law_n make_v a_o several_a distribution_n of_o one_o praecipe_fw-la and_o so_o may_v it_o do_v here_o of_o one_o condition_n and_o rawlins_n case_n in_o the_o â—_o rep_v cite_v against_o this_o come_v not_o to_o this_o case_n for_o there_o the_o question_n be_v of_o the_o suspension_n of_o a_o condition_n but_o here_o it_o be_v of_o the_o transfer_v over_o of_o a_o condition_n 2_o if_o it_o be_v but_o one_o condition_n yet_o it_o be_v well_o transfer_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 32_o h._n 8._o c._n â—4_n a_o extinguishment_n in_o part_n be_v not_o extinguishment_n of_o all_o although_o a_o suspension_n of_o part_n be_v a_o suspension_n of_o all_o and_o the_o grantee_n of_o the_o reversion_n shall_v have_v advantage_n of_o the_o condition_n because_o 1._o he_o be_v within_o the_o word_n of_o the_o condition_n as_o to_o the_o condition_n 2_o the_o clause_n of_o reentry_n be_v within_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n and_o knight_n case_v object_v come_v not_o to_o this_o case_n for_o there_o
for_o cause_n show_v 1._o that_o the_o breach_n of_o this_o promise_n be_v in_o the_o testator_n life_n time_n and_o therefore_o the_o action_n shall_v have_v be_v bring_v against_o he_o and_o be_v not_o now_o to_o be_v bring_v against_o the_o executor_n 2_o the_o testator_n do_v not_o promise_v that_o his_o executor_n shall_v deliver_v the_o good_n but_o that_o he_o will_v deliver_v they_o upon_o request_n request_n request_n and_o there_o appear_v no_o request_n to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o testator_n as_o there_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v 15_o jac._n hob._n rep_v f._n 300._o bodwell_v case_n but_o roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v executor_n executor_n that_o a_o executor_n may_v be_v charge_v upon_o a_o collateral_a promise_n if_o there_o be_v a_o breach_n of_o it_o in_o the_o testator_n life_n time_n and_o here_o be_v a_o good_a request_n and_o go_v to_o all_o therefore_o let_v the_o plaintif_n take_v his_o judgement_n except_o better_a matter_n be_v show_v to_o the_o contrary_n and_o osborne_n mich._n 1649._o 1_o reipub._n ang._n banc._n super_fw-la the_o plaintif_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n upon_o two_o several_a promise_n the_o defendant_n plead_v non_fw-la assumpsit_fw-la issue_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n issue_n and_o upon_o this_o a_o issue_n be_v join_v and_o a_o verdict_n find_v for_o the_o plaintif_n the_o defendant_n move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n and_o for_o cause_n show_v that_o there_o be_v no_o issue_n join_v as_o to_o the_o second_o promise_n allege_v for_o he_o do_v not_o conclude_v with_o petit_fw-la quod_fw-la inquitatur_fw-la per_fw-la patriam_fw-la and_o yet_o there_o be_v a_o verdict_n find_v upon_o both_o the_o promise_n the_o judgement_n be_v arrest_v till_o the_o other_o shall_v move_v mich._n 1649._o banc._n super_fw-la upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n the_o case_n be_v this_o argue_v a_o case_n upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n argue_v tenant_n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n in_o tail_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o he_o in_o the_o remainder_n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n man_n in_o tail_n levy_v a_o fine_a in_o the_o life_n of_o tenant_n for_o life_n and_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o by_o the_o levy_n of_o this_o fine_a the_o estate_n tail_n be_v discontinue_v or_o no._n to_o prove_v that_o the_o estate_n tail_n be_v discontinue_v these_o book_n be_v cite_v 1_o h_n 7.22_o lit._n cap._n descent_n sect._n 34.14_o ed_n 3._o fitz._n auâ—wry_n 117.3_o ed_n 3._o fitz._n grant_v 60.15_o ed._n 4_o 9.2_o rep._n butler_n case_n 5._o cook_n lit._n f._n 25._o pasch_fw-mi 13_o car._n hungates_n case_n banc._n reg._n dyer_n 339._o twisden_n to_o the_o contrary_n argue_v that_o the_o estate_n be_v not_o alter_v neither_o to_o the_o right_a nor_o by_o way_n of_o estople_n 46_o edward_n 3._o f._n 23._o estople_n estople_n a_o estople_n suppose_v a_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v and_o therefore_o if_o the_o thing_n be_v impossible_a which_o be_v allege_v by_o way_n of_o estople_n it_o can_v be_v no_o estople_n and_o one_o shall_v not_o be_v construe_v to_o do_v wrong_a by_o a_o act_n which_o may_v be_v interpret_v so_o that_o by_o it_o he_o may_v do_v no_o wrong_n brook_n abridgement_n grant_v 49._o roll_v chief_a justice_n the_o matter_n here_o be_v not_o how_o the_o estate_n shall_v pass_v and_o how_o to_o make_v they_o good_a but_o the_o question_n be_v upon_o the_o forfeiture_n forfeiture_n forfeiture_n for_o he_o levy_v the_o fine_a as_o of_o a_o estate_n in_o possession_n and_o not_o of_o a_o reversion_n in_o fee_n and_o this_o be_v not_o upon_o the_o rule_n in_o bredons_n case_n 13_o car._n sir_n julius_n caesar_n case_n a_o acceptance_n of_o a_o estate_n or_o a_o attornment_n by_o tenant_n for_o life_n to_o a_o stranger_n be_v a_o forfeiture_n jerman_n justice_n hold_v there_o be_v no_o forfeiture_n but_o the_o court_n say_v the_o verdict_n be_v ill_o sound_v and_o therefore_o order_v it_o shall_v be_v amend_v that_o the_o whole_a matter_n in_o law_n may_v come_v in_o question_n amendment_n amendment_n grace_n against_o walye_n mich._n 1649._o banc._n sup_v walye_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o grace_n case_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n for_o speak_v these_o word_n of_o he_o viz._n jack_n walye_n be_v question_v for_o steal_v of_o a_o gray_a mare_n with_o a_o snip_n in_o her_o ear_n and_o hue_n and_o cry_n go_v out_o after_o he_o and_o he_o dare_v not_o show_v his_o face_n hereabout_o the_o plaintif_n have_v a_o verdict_n and_o the_o defendant_n move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o they_o be_v general_a and_o uncertain_a word_n and_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v the_o party_n be_v damnify_v by_o they_o nor_o how_o long_o ago_o they_o be_v speak_v roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v that_o the_o party_n be_v defame_v by_o speak_v of_o they_o and_o he_o have_v lay_v it_o that_o he_o lose_v his_o credit_n thereby_o therefore_o let_v the_o plaintif_n have_v his_o judgement_n except_o better_a matter_n be_v show_v but_o nicholas_n justice_n doubt_v whether_o they_o be_v actionable_a or_o no._n and_o ask_v justice_n nihil_fw-la dixit_fw-la mich._n 1649._o banc._n sup_v a_o attorney_n of_o this_o court_n that_o be_v within_o age_n fact_n error_n against_o at_o attorney_n in_o court_n for_o appear_v propria_fw-la persona_fw-la be_v within_o age_n error_n in_o fact_n appear_v to_o a_o action_n propria_fw-la persona_fw-la and_o plead_v to_o issue_n and_o have_v a_o verdict_n and_o a_o judgement_n for_o he_o and_o upon_o this_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v here_o it_o be_v a_o error_n in_o fact_n because_o that_o be_v within_o age_n do_v not_o appear_v per_fw-la guardianum_fw-la nor_o by_o his_o attorney_n and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o help_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o jeofail_n though_o it_o be_v after_o verdict_n and_o thereupon_o the_o court_n stay_v the_o execution_n mercer_n against_o rule_n mich._n 1649._o banc._n sup_v the_o court_n be_v move_v execution_n for_o a_o supersedeas_fw-la &_o attachment_n for_o take_v out_o execution_n after_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n bring_v and_o allow_v supersedeas_fw-la attachment_n execution_n that_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n and_o that_o it_o be_v receive_v and_o allow_v and_o notwithstanding_o the_o plaintif_a that_o have_v the_o judgement_n have_v take_v out_o execution_n and_o thereupon_o it_o be_v pray_v for_o a_o supersedeas_fw-la to_o supersede_n the_o execution_n and_o for_o a_o attachment_n against_o the_o party_n for_o his_o contempt_n to_o the_o court._n and_o it_o be_v urge_v by_o the_o council_n that_o move_v that_o after_o a_o write_v of_o error_n be_v receive_v and_o allow_v the_o hand_n of_o the_o court_n that_o give_v the_o judgement_n be_v foreclose_v from_o grant_v out_o execution_n and_o that_o the_o write_v of_o error_n be_v in_o itself_o a_o supersedeas_fw-la and_o cite_v dyer_n 283._o and_o therefore_o conclude_v that_o the_o execution_n be_v not_o well_o issue_v forth_o twisden_n of_o council_n on_o the_o other_o side_n say_v that_o the_o write_v of_o error_n be_v not_o due_o pursue_v because_o the_o roll_n be_v not_o mark_v and_o therefore_o the_o party_n may_v well_o take_v out_o execution_n but_o roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v that_o the_o writ_n be_v well_o pursue_v though_o the_o roll_n be_v not_o mark_v yet_o if_o neither_o the_o roll_n be_v mark_v notice_n notice_n nor_o notice_n give_v to_o the_o attorney_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o bring_v the_o writ_n of_o error_n if_o the_o party_n procee_v to_o take_v out_o execution_n it_o be_v no_o contempt_n to_o the_o court_n otherwise_o it_o be_v a_o contempt_n supersedeas_fw-la contempt_n supersedeas_fw-la and_o it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o error_n to_o mark_v the_o roll_n and_o not_o the_o attorney_n and_o therefore_o take_v a_o supersedeas_fw-la quia_fw-la improvide_v emanavit_fw-la to_o stop_v execution_n pym_n against_o morgan_n alias_z bambery_n and_o baselye_o mich._n 1649._o banc._n sup_v hill_n 24_o car._n rot_v 1062._o in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la bring_v for_o the_o manor_n of_o caledown_n firmae_fw-la argument_n upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la the_o defendant_n plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o upon_o this_o the_o jury_n find_v a_o special_a verdict_n to_o this_o effect_n that_o sir_n thomas_n morgan_n be_v seize_v in_o fee_n among_o other_o land_n of_o the_o land_n in_o question_n and_o that_o in_o 13_o car._n he_o make_v a_o settlement_n of_o these_o land_n to_o himself_o for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o his_o daughter_n mary_n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o first_o tenant_n for_o life_n with_o a_o power_n of_o revocation_n
part_n it_o will_v be_v naught_o in_o all_o hill_n 1649._o banc._n sup_v the_o case_n of_o the_o vill_n of_o newton_n and_o tide_n concern_v the_o presentment_n make_v to_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n for_o the_o hundred_o of_o wisbitch_n sewer_n for_o quash_a presentment_n and_o order_n of_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n and_o their_o order_n make_v thereupon_o be_v again_o speak_v to_o twisden_n against_o the_o presentment_n say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o presentment_n by_o jury_n as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v by_o the_o statute_n for_o the_o jury_n have_v only_a power_n to_o inquire_v of_o thing_n within_o the_o hundred_o of_o wisbitch_n and_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o newton_n and_o tide_n be_v within_o that_o hundred_o 2_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o presentment_n be_v not_o good_a for_o the_o commissioner_n can_v order_v that_o newton_n and_o tide_n which_o have_v no_o benefit_n by_o the_o repair_n of_o the_o bank_n shall_v contribute_v to_o the_o reparation_n 18_o e._n 3._o f._n 22._o 3ly_n they_o can_v order_v to_o make_v a_o new_a wall_n notwithstanding_o calais_n his_o opinion_n in_o his_o read_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o seâ—â—ers_n 4_o the_o tax_n be_v not_o well_o lay_v for_o it_o be_v not_o lay_v upon_o all_o the_o land_n within_o newton_n and_o tide_n as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v charge_v if_o any_o aught_o to_o be_v holhead_n answer_v to_o this_o last_o exception_n that_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v there_o be_v more_o land_n in_o tide_n or_o newton_n than_o be_v charge_v and_o roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v that_o be_v well_o enough_o to_o the_o three_o exception_n holhead_n say_v it_o be_v not_o whole_o a_o new_a work_n and_o therefore_o they_o may_v order_v to_o make_v it_o to_o which_o roll_n chief_a justice_n assent_v and_o say_v it_o be_v so_o notwithstanding_o the_o case_n of_o the_o i_o will_v of_o ely_n for_o that_o be_v for_o the_o make_n of_o a_o new_a work_n total_o to_o the_o second_o exception_n he_o read_v the_o word_n of_o the_o presentment_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o because_o the_o adventurer_n have_v no_o land_n to_o be_v charge_v and_o it_o be_v find_v necessary_a to_o be_v repair_v that_o therefore_o it_o be_v to_o be_v repair_v by_o newton_n and_o tide_n for_o the_o present_a necessity_n maynard_n answer_v that_o they_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o repair_v for_o the_o act_n of_o a_o stranger_n tax_n tax_n roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v newton_n &_o tide_n may_v take_v there_o remedye_n against_o the_o strange_a adventurer_n and_o it_o seem_v there_o be_v a_o present_a necessity_n to_o repair_v it_o for_o public_a safety_n if_o one_o be_v bind_v by_o prescription_n to_o repair_v a_o wall_n yet_o to_o prevent_v the_o present_a and_o public_a danger_n the_o commissioner_n may_v tax_v other_o to_o do_v it_o and_o the_o law_n be_v just_a that_o be_v here_o make_v by_o the_o commissioner_n but_o the_o 1._o exception_n be_v not_o answer_v and_o so_o the_o commissioner_n have_v exceed_v their_o authority_n therefore_o let_v their_o be_v a_o new_a law_n make_v by_o consent_n and_o quash_n the_o presentment_n except_o better_a matter_n be_v show_v but_o we_o can_v order_v you_o to_o have_v your_o money_n again_o but_o for_o that_o take_v your_o remedy_n at_o law_n garret_n against_o blisard_n hil._n 1649._o banc._n sup_v hill_n 24_o car._n rot_v 983._o upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n find_v in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la the_o case_n be_v this_o grandmother_n tenant_n for_o life_n firmae_fw-la argument_n upon_o a_o case_n upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la the_o remainder_n to_o the_o father_n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o son_n for_o life_n the_o son_n levye_n a_o fine_a come_v ceo_fw-la etc._n etc._n of_o the_o land_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o it_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o estate_n or_o not_o hales_v argue_v that_o it_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n but_o i_o can_v not_o hear_v he_o well_o he_o cite_v these_o book_n 41_o ed._n 3.10_o 24_o e._n 3._o f._n 70._o pasc_n 11._o car._n banc._n reg._n hutten_n report_n trin._n 7_o car._n banc._n reg._n and_o adjudge_v 11_o car._n in_o king_n and_o edward_n case_n dyer_n 339._o and_o he_o say_v that_o a_o fine_a sur_fw-fr conisance_n de_fw-fr droit_fw-fr come_v ceo_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o it_o be_v in_o our_o case_n be_v a_o feoffment_n upon_o record_n and_o do_v imply_v a_o livery_n and_o say_v that_o a_o remainder_n may_v be_v forfeit_v by_o levy_v such_o a_o fine_a and_o conclude_v it_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n wadham_n windham_n on_o the_o other_o side_n argue_v that_o it_o be_v no_o forfeiture_n forfeiture_n forfeiture_n and_o cite_v mich._n 24_o e._n 3._o and_o dyer_n 139._o and_o lay_v this_o for_o a_o ground_n that_o where_o a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n make_v by_o a_o tenant_n for_o lise_fw-fr do_v displace_v any_o remainder_n that_o such_o a_o feoffment_n be_v a_o forfeiture_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o in_o this_o case_n and_o therefore_o it_o can_v be_v no_o forfeiture_n if_o tenant_n for_o life_n of_o a_o rent_n or_o of_o a_o advowson_n levy_v a_o fine_a it_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n although_o that_o no_o remainder_n be_v displace_v this_o be_v the_o great_a objection_n 15_o e._n 4._o f._n 15_o by_o littleton_n and_o the_o fine_a fur_n conisance_n de_fw-fr droit_fw-fr imply_v a_o fee_n simple_a 40_o ed._n 3._o but_o there_o a_o fee_n simple_a real_o pass_v with_o the_o estate_n for_o life_n but_o here_o it_o pass_v by_o way_n of_o interest_n and_o not_o by_o way_n of_o estopel_n and_o the_o conusee_fw-fr may_v confess_v and_o avoid_v and_o therefore_o here_o be_v no_o estopel_n and_o so_o it_o differ_v from_o the_o case_n object_v 6_o rich._n 2_o estopel_v 211._o but_o it_o be_v object_v that_o he_o have_v take_v upon_o he_o to_o pass_v all_o the_o estate_n which_o be_v more_o than_o he_o have_v to_o pass_v and_o this_o make_v it_o a_o forfeiture_n 43_o e._n 3._o f._n 22._o it_o be_v good_a for_o the_o reversion_n in_o fee_n and_o not_o for_o the_o other_o estate_n 37_o h._n 6._o f._n 5._o 41_o e._n 3_o f_o 14._o by_o thorpe_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o he_o have_v not_o take_v upon_o he_o to_o pass_v all_o the_o estate_n but_o only_o his_o own_o estate_n it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o fine_a join_v all_o the_o estate_n together_o and_o purport_v the_o pass_v of_o they_o whole_a and_o entire_a it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o fine_a do_v not_o purport_n the_o entire_a estate_n 44_o e._n 3._o f._n 10._o so_o much_o shall_v pass_v by_o the_o fine_a as_o may_v rightful_o pass_v and_o no_o more_o and_o so_o the_o estate_n pass_v by_o fraction_n cook_n instit_fw-la 345._o the_o law_n construe_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o fine_a according_a to_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o party_n and_o that_o wrong_n shall_v not_o be_v intend_v so_o be_v it_o here_o and_o if_o there_o be_v tenant_n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n in_o fail_n the_o remainder_n in_o fee_n to_o tenant_n for_o life_n if_o tenant_n for_o life_n levy_v a_o fine_a it_o be_v no_o forfeiture_n 10_o h._n 4._o f._n 2._o tenant_n for_o life_n may_v pray_v in_o aid_n of_o all_o in_o the_o remainder_n and_o he_o say_v that_o in_o this_o case_n be_v no_o forfeiture_n nor_o estopel_n nor_o have_v he_o pass_v more_o than_o he_o have_v &_o there_o be_v no_o wrong_n by_o the_o fine_a but_o it_o shall_v only_o pass_v what_o may_v be_v pass_v and_o he_o say_v a_o fine_a be_v a_o feoffment_n when_o the_o thing_n to_o pass_v by_o it_o lie_v in_o livery_n otherwise_o it_o be_v but_o a_o grant_n and_o deve_v no_o estate_n as_o a_o feoffment_n do_v and_o in_o baker_n and_o hacker_n case_n in_o this_o court_n bredons_n case_n be_v deny_v for_o law_n by_o bramston_n jones_n and_o barkley_n hob._n 388_o 389._o it_o be_v no_o discontinuance_n and_o such_o estate_n shall_v first_o pass_v by_o which_o no_o wrong_a shall_v be_v do_v the_o judge_n ought_v to_o be_v aâ—tuti_fw-la to_o invent_v reason_n to_o support_v estate_n and_o to_o defend_v from_o injury_n and_o where_o the_o conusee_fw-fr of_o the_o fine_a have_v a_o interest_n to_o pass_v by_o it_o to_o satisfy_v the_o operation_n of_o it_o such_o a_o fine_a be_v good_a and_o do_v no_o wrong_n as_o it_o be_v in_o our_o case_n it_o be_v object_v that_o there_o be_v a_o fee_n simple_a here_o but_o it_o be_v of_o no_o value_n for_o it_o be_v after_o a_o estate_n tail_n and_o shall_v not_o be_v asset_n in_o the_o heir_n it_o be_v answer_v it_o be_v but_o of_o little_a value_n but_o it_o have_v more_o than_o a_o right_n in_o it_o and_o so_o he_o pray_v judgement_n for_o the_o defendant_n forfeiture_n forfeiture_n roll_v chief_a justice_n hold_v it_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n although_o there_o be_v no_o
to_o the_o sheriff_n for_o his_o appearance_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v pray_v that_o the_o party_n arrest_v may_v be_v discharge_v and_o that_o the_o bond_n give_v to_o the_o sheriff_n may_v be_v deliver_v up_o roll_v the_o chief_a justice_n answer_v endict_n the_o baily_n that_o make_v the_o arrest_n or_o bring_v your_o action_n against_o they_o if_o you_o please_v discharge_v discharge_v for_o we_o will_v not_o discharge_v the_o party_n arrest_v bois_n against_o cranfield_n mich._n 1650._o banc._n sup_v rot_v q._n bois_n as_o executor_n to_o another_o bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n upon_o divers_a obligation_n make_v to_o his_o testator_n execution_n debt_n upon_o divers_a obligation_n by_o a_o execution_n the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o he_o do_v pay_v a_o lesser_a sum_n than_o be_v express_v in_o the_o obligation_n to_o the_o testator_n during_o his_o life_n and_o that_o he_o do_v accept_v there_o of_o in_o full_a satisfaction_n of_o the_o say_a obligation_n to_o this_o plea_n the_o plaintif_n demur_v roll_v chief_a justice_n upon_o open_v the_o matter_n say_v that_o the_o question_n here_o be_v whether_o the_o payment_n or_o the_o acceptance_n of_o the_o money_n pay_v in_o satisfaction_n be_v to_o be_v traverse_v and_o he_o hold_v it_o be_v indifferent_a to_o traverse_v either_o of_o they_o traverse_n traverse_n but_o he_o say_v it_o be_v more_o proper_a to_o join_v issue_n upon_o the_o payment_n but_o the_o court_n will_v advise_v it_o be_v then_o also_o say_v that_o if_o one_o pay_v money_n in_o satisfaction_n of_o a_o obligation_n and_o the_o party_n to_o who_o it_o be_v pay_v say_v that_o he_o will_v receive_v it_o for_o another_o cause_n payment_n satisfaction_n payment_n yet_o if_o he_o receive_v it_o it_o shall_v be_v judge_v to_o be_v pay_v in_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o obligation_n for_o he_o must_v receive_v it_o upon_o such_o term_n as_o the_o other_o will_v pay_v it_o brian_n against_o stone_n mich._n 1650._o banc._n sup_v stone_n move_v the_o court_n for_o a_o attachment_n against_o brian_n and_o other_o attachment_n for_o a_o attachment_n for_o that_o he_o be_v arrest_v by_o a_o latitat_fw-la out_o of_o this_o court_n in_o the_o county_n of_o wilts_n and_o thence_o carry_v into_o the_o town_n of_o malborow_n and_o there_o arrest_v by_o a_o sergeant_n of_o that_o town_n by_o a_o writ_n out_o of_o that_o corporation_n and_o the_o plaintif_n proceed_v there_o against_o he_o upon_o that_o writ_n and_o not_o upon_o the_o latitat_fw-la by_o which_o he_o be_v first_o arrest_v which_o be_v a_o contempt_n to_o this_o court._n causa_fw-la attachment_n habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la cum_fw-la causa_fw-la the_o court_n rule_v the_o party_n shall_v have_v a_o attachment_n nisi_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o also_o shall_v have_v a_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la cum_fw-la causa_fw-la mich._n 1650._o banc._n sup_v the_o recorder_n of_o london_n move_v for_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o bishopsgate_n against_o one_o withringe_n fine_a for_o the_o set_n a_o moderate_a fine_a upon_o one_o that_o submit_v to_o a_o fine_a who_o for_o refuse_v to_o serve_v upon_o the_o ward_n mote_n enquest_n be_v indict_v for_o his_o refusal_n in_o london_n and_o convict_v and_o fine_v 20_o l._n the_o defendant_n be_v commit_v for_o not_o pay_v his_o fine_a remove_v himself_o hither_o by_o a_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la but_o now_o have_v submit_v himself_o to_o a_o fine_a it_o be_v therefore_o pray_v he_o may_v be_v moderate_o fine_v here_o the_o court_n thereupon_o fine_v he_o 20_o l._n beal_n against_o wyman_n mich._n 1650._o banc._n sup_v trin._n 1649._o rot_n 849._o upon_o these_o word_n of_o a_o will_n will._n question_v upon_o word_n of_o a_o will._n viz._n i_o give_v and_o bequeath_v one_o half_a of_o my_o land_n to_o my_o wife_n &_o after_o her_o death_n i_o give_v all_o my_o land_n to_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o any_o of_o my_o son_n or_o next_o of_o kin_n latch_n make_v these_o question_n in_o the_o case_n 1._o whether_o there_o be_v a_o good_a estate_n create_v by_o these_o word_n of_o the_o will_n 2_o whether_o the_o estate_n be_v destroy_v by_o the_o fine_a levy_v of_o the_o land_n for_o the_o 1._o he_o hold_v that_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o any_o of_o his_o son_n be_v word_n certain_a enough_o to_o create_v a_o estate_n for_o it_o be_v all_o one_o as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v to_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o all_o his_o son_n if_o they_o have_v heir_n male_n or_o to_o those_o who_o have_v heir_n male_n and_o the_o word_n or_o to_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n be_v also_o certain_a enough_o be_v join_v with_o the_o precedent_a word_n and_o shall_v be_v mean_v to_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n and_o their_o heir_n male_n if_o his_o son_n have_v no_o heir_n male_n for_o in_o a_o win_n if_o there_o be_v word_n to_o express_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o testator_n it_o be_v sufficient_a enough_o though_o the_o word_n be_v not_o apt_a and_o he_o cite_v 21_o rich._n 2._o devise_v 27._o and_o 8_o rep._n 46_o and_o say_v that_o the_o case_n in_o 30_o ass_n pl._n 47._o be_v the_o same_o with_o this_o in_o terminis_fw-la and_o here_o be_v no_o contingent_a remainder_n but_o only_o a_o contingent_a devise_n &_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n for_o a_o particular_a estate_n to_o support_v it_o for_o it_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o devisor_n yet_o if_o there_o be_v need_n of_o a_o particular_a estate_n here_o to_o support_v the_o remainder_n here_o be_v a_o particular_a estate_n in_o the_o wife_n who_o by_o implication_n of_o the_o will_n do_v take_v all_o the_o land_n during_o her_o life_n as_o it_o be_v 13_o h._n 7.29_o h._n 8._o br._n devise_v 48._o trin._n 3_o ed._n 6._o bendloes_n blow_n com._n 521._o whelpdales_n case_n pasch_fw-mi 25_o eliz_n com._n ban._n to_o the_o 2_o point_n he_o speak_v not_o hold_v it_o not_o material_a hale_n of_o council_n on_o the_o other_o side_n hold_v that_o the_o wife_n have_v not_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n in_o all_o the_o land_n by_o implication_n of_o the_o will_n but_o only_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n in_o a_o moiety_n of_o the_o land_n and_o so_o there_o be_v no_o particular_a estate_n to_o support_v the_o contingent_a remainder_n which_o he_o hold_v be_v in_o this_o case_n &_o that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o contingent_a devise_n as_o latch_n urge_v for_o the_o remainder_n here_o depend_v by_o way_n of_o remainder_n and_o not_o as_o a_o contingent_a devise_n and_o he_o hold_v the_o devise_n itself_o to_o be_v void_a admit_v all_o the_o precedent_a matter_n allege_v to_o be_v true_a 1._o because_o the_o devise_n be_v uncertain_a for_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o deviser_n do_v not_o appear_v for_o it_o appear_v not_o what_o heir_n male_a shall_v have_v the_o land_n whether_o the_o heir_n male_a of_o his_o son_n or_o the_o heir_n male_a of_o his_o next_o of_o kin_n for_o the_o word_n be_v disjunctive_a 41_o &_o 42_o eliz._n com._n banc._n in_o the_o case_n of_o tailor_n &_o sawyer_n land_n devise_v to_o a_o man_n issue_n be_v adjudge_v a_o void_a devise_n for_o the_o incertainty_n of_o it_o and_o he_o hold_v that_o the_o intent_n be_v that_o the_o heir_n male_a of_o his_o son_n shall_v inherit_v before_o the_o heir_n male_a of_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n otherwise_o the_o further_o off_o of_o kin_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n before_o the_o near_a of_o kin._n and_o he_o say_v that_o hill_n 2._o car._n rot._n 1288._o com._n banc._n in_o hunt_n and_o fisher_n case_n the_o case_n at_o the_o bar_n be_v adjudge_v in_o point_n roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v that_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o testator_n here_o be_v coeca_fw-la &_o sicca_fw-la intention_n intention_n and_o senseless_a and_o can_v be_v know_v will._n will._n and_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o frame_v a_o sense_n upon_o the_o word_n of_o a_o will_n where_o we_o can_v find_v out_o the_o testator_n meaning_n jerman_n justice_n hold_v that_o the_o devise_n be_v not_o void_a but_o that_o the_o word_n be_v to_o be_v interpret_v as_o they_o may_v stand_v with_o law_n and_o as_o the_o word_n will_v bear_v nicholas_n justice_n prima_fw-la fancy_n that_o the_o devise_n be_v void_a but_o yet_o it_o be_v questionable_a ask_v justice_n to_o the_o same_o intent_n roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v that_o there_o be_v too_o much_o way_n usual_o give_v to_o ambiguous_a devise_n but_o let_v it_o be_v argue_v again_o the_o next_o term._n parker_n against_o cook_n mich._n 1650._o banc._n sup_v hill_n 23_o car._n rot_v 660._o the_o action_n be_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n quare_fw-la clausum_fw-la fregit_fw-la not_o upon_o a_o demurrer_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o a_o copyhold_n be_v forfeit_v or_o not_o the_o defendant_n plead_v a_o special_a plea_n of_o justification_n viz._n that_o the_o plaintif_n be_v a_o copyholder_n to_o his_o manor_n and_o that_o for_o
to_o his_o heir_n in_o the_o singular_a number_n and_o he_o argue_v that_o the_o word_n heir_n include_v heir_n because_o it_o be_v nomen_fw-la collectivum_fw-la next_o whether_o the_o devise_v the_o land_n to_o richard_n for_o his_o natural_a life_n and_o after_o to_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o make_v any_o difference_n in_o the_o case_n and_o he_o hold_v it_o do_v not_o and_o say_v that_o archer_n case_n that_o be_v object_v by_o the_o other_o side_n differ_v much_o from_o this_o for_o there_o the_o word_n be_v restrain_v for_o it_o be_v proximo_fw-la haeredi_fw-la and_o not_o haeredi_n general_o as_o it_o be_v in_o our_o case_n and_o there_o the_o word_n next_o heir_n be_v not_o word_n of_o limitation_n but_o of_o purchase_n and_o to_o decipher_v the_o person_n but_o not_o to_o limit_v the_o estate_n and_o in_o our_o case_n if_o there_o shall_v not_o be_v a_o limitation_n richard_n shall_v only_o take_v for_o life_n which_o be_v not_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o will_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o passage_n and_o clause_n of_o it_o and_o thomas_n and_o kemish_n case_n in_o 5_o car._n in_o this_o court_n make_v a_o end_n of_o our_o case_n neither_o do_v the_o add_v of_o the_o word_n in_o perpetuum_fw-la make_v a_o difference_n in_o the_o case_n for_o if_o the_o word_n have_v be_v omit_v the_o same_o estate_n have_v pass_v to_o the_o tenant_n richard_n and_o his_o estate_n be_v not_o enlarge_v by_o they_o 2_o the_o word_n in_o perpetuum_fw-la relate_fw-la to_o all_o the_o estate_n and_o not_o to_o any_o particular_a estate_n and_o so_o the_o surrender_n make_v by_o r._n hunt_n be_v good_a next_o of_o all_o suppose_v that_o it_o be_v a_o limit_a estate_n and_o a_o contingent_a remainder_n the_o question_n will_v then_o be_v whether_o this_o contingent_a remainder_n be_v destroy_v or_o no_o and_o i_o conceive_v it_o be_v because_o the_o particular_a copyhold_n estate_n which_o must_v support_v this_o contingent_a remainder_n be_v destroy_v and_o the_o law_n be_v the_o same_o in_o that_o point_n in_o copyhold_n case_n as_o it_o be_v in_o other_o case_n at_o the_o common_a law_n for_o copyhold_n be_v direct_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n 13_o jac._n banc._n reg._n it_o be_v also_o hold_v that_o there_o be_v the_o same_o rule_n to_o support_v a_o contingent_a remainder_n of_o a_o copyhold_n as_o there_o be_v of_o land_n at_o the_o common_a law_n next_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v whether_o the_o particular_a copyhold_n estate_n be_v extinguish_v or_o not_o and_o it_o be_v cléer_o that_o it_o be_v for_o the_o customary_a estate_n be_v in_o the_o lord_n who_o have_v the_o fee_n simple_a which_o can_v both_o stand_v together_o and_o so_o there_o be_v no_o estate_n to_o support_v the_o contingent_a remainder_n copyhold_n and_o consequent_o all_o objection_n be_v by_o this_o answer_v 1._o that_o the_o surrender_n shall_v not_o do_v wrong_a 2_o that_o the_o surrender_n destroy_v not_o the_o custom_n turner_n on_o the_o other_o side_n argue_v that_o only_o a_o estate_n pass_v to_o richard_n for_o life_n and_o that_o the_o word_n heir_n be_v not_o a_o word_n of_o limitation_n to_o make_v the_o ancestor_n take_v a_o fee_n simple_a neither_o shall_v the_o word_n heir_n be_v take_v collective_a here_o but_o singulariter_fw-la and_o so_o according_a to_o the_o common_a sense_n number_n and_o matter_n ought_v it_o to_o be_v construe_v and_o noun_n collective_a in_o the_o singular_a number_n do_v not_o signify_v the_o same_o thing_n that_o they_o do_v in_o the_o plural_a number_n as_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o other_o example_n and_o there_o be_v no_o proper_a name_n to_o signify_v one_o particular_a heir_n in_o law_n if_o the_o word_n heir_n in_o the_o singular_a number_n shall_v not_o do_v it_o shellye_n case_n 1._o rep._n f._n 101._o &_o â—ooks_v institut_fw-la f._n 8.1_o rep._n archer_n case_n and_o there_o be_v two_o judgement_n in_o the_o common_a plea_n in_o the_o very_a point_n as_o i_o be_o inform_v by_o the_o attorney_n on_o our_o side_n in_o a_o will_v the_o word_n heir_n shall_v not_o be_v take_v coliective_n out_o in_o the_o natural_a grammatical_a sense_n and_o not_o as_o a_o word_n of_o art_n but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o take_v perchance_o in_o conveyance_n which_o be_v make_v by_o man_n of_o art_n and_o learned_a in_o the_o law_n whereas_o will_n be_v make_v common_o by_o lay_v gent_n and_o unskilful_a in_o the_o law_n and_o the_o rule_n be_v that_o word_n shall_v be_v interpret_v to_o make_v all_o the_o part_n of_o a_o deed_n in_o which_o they_o be_v to_o stand_v together_o and_o to_o bear_v sense_n and_o to_o be_v in_o esse_fw-la and_o effectual_a which_o can_v be_v here_o if_o the_o word_n heir_n shall_v be_v take_v collective_a but_o may_v be_v if_o it_o be_v take_v singulariter_fw-la hob._n rep_v stukely_n and_o butler_n case_n next_o if_o the_o word_n heir_n shall_v be_v take_v collective_a than_o the_o estate_n for_o life_n will_v merge_n 30_o el._n c._n b._n hill_n 3_o jac._n c._n b._n hiller_n and_o lewis_n his_o case_n 3_o rich._n have_v only_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n if_o it_o be_v otherwise_o the_o testator_n will_v have_v otherwise_o express_v it_o and_o he_o have_v well_o express_v a_o estate_n for_o life_n and_o no_o other_o estate_n in_o he_o if_o one_o grant_v 4._o part_n of_o his_o manor_n it_o shall_v pass_v 4._o part_n of_o 5._o and_o not_o all_o for_o the_o other_o point_n the_o contingent_a remainder_n be_v not_o here_o destroy_v by_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o copyhold_n estate_n for_o copyhold_n estate_n do_v not_o depend_v one_o upon_o another_o as_o estate_n of_o the_o common_a law_n do_v and_o here_o be_v one_o in_o esse_fw-la to_o take_v the_o estate_n another_o question_n he_o speak_v to_o viz._n whether_o a_o lessee_n at_o will_n be_v oust_v by_o a_o stranger_n can_v reenter_v and_o he_o hold_v he_o can_v for_o he_o have_v but_o a_o mere_a right_n 38_o h._n 6._o f._n 27._o fortescue_n and_o yeluerton_n 3._o jac._n banc._n reg._n rot_n 501._o carpenter_n and_o collins_n but_o to_o this_o roll_n chief_a justice_n entry_n entry_n and_o nicholas_n justice_n answer_v that_o he_o may_v enter_v notwithstanding_o it_o have_v be_v heretofore_o controvert_v and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o he_o have_v the_o primer_n possession_n roll_v chief_a justice_n incline_v that_o the_o contingent_a remainder_n be_v not_o destroy_v because_o it_o do_v not_o here_o depend_v upon_o the_o particular_a estate_n but_o it_o ought_v to_o expect_v till_o the_o remainder_n happen_v and_o he_o conceive_v that_o the_o word_n heir_n and_o heir_n be_v all_o one_o here_o by_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o party_n and_o the_o frame_n of_o the_o conveyance_n ask_v justice_n say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o good_a estate_n of_o fee_n simple_a conditional_a execute_v in_o richard_n jerman_n justice_n the_o intent_n in_o a_o will_n if_o it_o be_v not_o contrary_a to_o law_n aught_o to_o be_v take_v and_o there_o must_v be_v word_n to_o make_v the_o intent_n appear_v and_o these_o word_n must_v stand_v together_o and_o shall_v not_o be_v make_v void_a and_o he_o conceive_v the_o contingent_a remainder_n not_o destroy_v adjourn_v till_o the_o next_o term._n postea_fw-la port_n against_o midleton_n hill_n 1650._o banc._n sup_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n give_v in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n upon_o a_o obligation_n debt_n error_n to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n in_o debt_n and_o the_o error_n insist_v upon_o be_v in_o the_o enter_v of_o the_o judgement_n which_o be_v quod_fw-la recuperet_fw-la debitum_fw-la suum_fw-la and_o do_v not_o say_v praedictum_fw-la roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v escrow_n delivery_n escrow_n that_o the_o debt_n be_v confess_v by_o the_o party_n and_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o deed_n be_v deliver_v as_o a_o escrow_n or_o not_o but_o it_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o party_n himself_o and_o therefore_o can_v not_o be_v deliver_v as_o a_o escrow_n jerman_n justice_n say_v that_o debitum_fw-la suum_fw-la without_o praedictum_fw-la be_v not_o good_a for_o the_o word_n praedictum_fw-la be_v verbum_fw-la operativum_fw-la ask_v justice_n as_o roll_n and_o there_o be_v but_o one_o debt_n implication_n implication_n and_o the_o word_n ideo_fw-la in_o the_o record_n imply_v it_o to_o be_v the_o same_o debt_n nicholas_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n the_o rule_n be_v affirmetur_fw-la nisi_fw-la causa_fw-la die_fw-la junae_fw-la sequenti_fw-la hill_n 1650._o banc._n sup_v a_o administrator_n have_v a_o judgement_n against_o one_o to_o recover_v a_o debt_n due_a to_o the_o intestate_a and_o then_o the_o administrator_n die_v intestate_a facias_fw-la for_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la to_o revive_v a_o judgement_n deny_v scire_fw-la facias_fw-la and_o another_o take_v out_o new_a letter_n of_o administration_n de_fw-fr bonis_fw-la non_fw-la
the_o grant_v of_o the_o office_n of_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o house_n be_v a_o good_a lease_n for_o life_n notwithstanding_o it_o be_v copyhold_n and_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o recite_v in_o the_o grant_n that_o it_o be_v copyhold_n 2._o that_o after_o the_o estate_n for_o life_n be_v determine_v the_o king_n may_v grant_v the_o house_n and_o land_n again_o by_o copy_n of_o court_n roll_n because_o the_o king_n grant_n shall_v be_v take_v favourable_o and_o not_o extend_v to_o two_o intent_n where_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n for_o it_o as_o there_o be_v not_o here_o and_o we_o be_v not_o here_o to_o intend_v a_o collateral_a intent_n and_o so_o the_o copyhold_n be_v not_o destroy_v for_o the_o law_n take_v care_n to_o preserve_v the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o king_n for_o his_o successor_n and_o it_o may_v be_v a_o benefit_n to_o the_o king_n to_o have_v it_o continue_v copyhold_n viz._n to_o have_v common_a etc._n etc._n and_o his_o election_n be_v also_o destroy_v if_o he_o may_v not_o have_v it_o copyhold_n so_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintif_a nisi_fw-la pawsey_n and_o lowdall_n pasc_n 1651._o banc._n sup_v pasc_n 1650._o rot_n 275._o in_o this_o case_n former_o argue_v roll_v chief_a justice_n land_n judgement_n reverse_v upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n touch_v a_o devise_n of_o copyhold_n land_n and_o nicholas_n and_o ask_v justice_n agree_v that_o the_o devise_n of_o the_o copyhold_n here_o be_v a_o devise_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o father_n and_o so_o a_o fee-simple_n and_o that_o the_o party_n come_v not_o in_o as_o a_o purchaser_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n the_o judgement_n be_v reverse_v nisi_fw-la as_o to_o the_o other_o point_n whether_o the_o surrender_n of_o a_o copyhold_n by_o a_o tenant_n for_o life_n be_v good_a in_o this_o case_n the_o court_n deliver_v no_o opinion_n antea_fw-la trundall_n and_o trowel_n pasch_fw-mi 1651._o banc._n sup_v hill_n 1650._o rot_n 670._o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v hold_v that_o tenant_n in_o ancient_a demesn_a can_v after_o imparlance_n plead_v ancient_a demesn_a for_o he_o have_v make_v a_o full_a defence_n plead_v where_o ancient_a demesne_n can_v be_v plead_v for_o he_o say_v defendit_fw-la vim_o et_fw-la injuriam_fw-la quando_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o imply_v all_o the_o rest_n mich._n 22_o car._n banc._n reg._n yet_o it_o be_v rule_v to_o be_v again_o speak_v to_o perk_n against_o ingram_n pasch_fw-mi 1651._o banc._n sup_v this_o case_n former_o speak_v in_o be_v move_v again_o and_o latch_n hold_v notice_n whether_o a_o good_a notice_n that_o the_o word_n obtulit_fw-la se_fw-la in_o maritagium_fw-la conjungi_fw-la be_v a_o good_a notice_n upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n and_o therefore_o that_o the_o action_n do_v well_o lie_v roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v this_o be_v a_o personal_a thing_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v offer_v to_o the_o party_n himself_o otherwise_o it_o be_v no_o notice_n and_o that_o do_v not_o appear_v here_o and_o if_o there_o be_v no_o notice_n employ_v than_o the_o action_n lie_v not_o and_o holmes_n and_o twist_n case_n be_v that_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v notice_n if_o the_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o party_n himself_o otherwise_o if_o it_o be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o a_o stranger_n so_o be_v it_o here_o but_o the_o question_n only_o be_v if_o notice_n be_v employ_v here_o or_o not_o jerman_n justice_n say_v there_o be_v no_o tender_a of_o marriage_n if_o the_o other_o party_n be_v not_o there_o the_o rule_n be_v for_o the_o plaintif_a to_o take_v his_o judgement_n rook_n against_o smith_n pasch_fw-mi 1651._o banc._n sup_v rooke_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o smith_n for_o speak_v these_o word_n of_o he_o thou_o be_v a_o poor_a fellow_n word_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n for_o word_n and_o be_v not_o able_a to_o pay_v 2s_n in_o the_o pound_n and_o be_v not_o able_a to_o pay_v thy_o debt_n upon_o a_o issue_n join_v and_o a_o verdict_n for_o the_o plaintif_a the_o defendant_n move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a for_o 1._o the_o plaintif_n be_v not_o by_o they_o charge_v with_o the_o crime_n of_o be_v a_o bankrupt_a and_o so_o there_o be_v no_o particular_a loss_n to_o he_o 2_o it_o be_v not_o show_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n get_v his_o live_n by_o buy_v and_o sell_v or_o that_o he_o be_v indebt_v and_o 11._o jac._n brook_n and_o clark_n case_n be_v cite_v twisden_n on_o the_o other_o side_n answer_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n credit_n be_v impair_v by_o the_o word_n and_o by_o his_o credit_n his_o livelihood_n be_v in_o part_n maintain_v and_o he_o cite_v viccary_n and_o barns_n case_n adjourn_v to_o the_o next_o term._n wild_n afterward_o move_v again_o for_o judgement_n because_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v of_o a_o tradesman_n he_o conceive_v they_o to_o be_v actionable_a maynard_n on_o the_o other_o side_n hold_v they_o not_o actionable_a because_o there_o be_v no_o particular_a damage_n allege_v to_o grow_v to_o the_o plaintif_n by_o speak_v of_o they_o and_o because_o there_o be_v no_o crime_n object_v against_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o poverty_n be_v no_o crime_n but_o a_o man_n may_v be_v poor_a and_o honest_a at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o he_o cite_v two_o case_n to_o be_v adjudge_v that_o a_o particular_a damage_n ought_v to_o be_v allege_v and_o say_v that_o these_o action_n be_v not_o favour_v in_o law_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o word_n be_v not_o clear_o actionable_a it_o be_v not_o reason_n to_o make_v a_o force_a construction_n of_o they_o to_o make_v they_o so_o next_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v not_o aver_v that_o he_o be_v able_a to_o pay_v all_o his_o debt_n for_o all_o the_o thing_n buy_v but_o only_o of_o a_o debt_n contract_v by_o the_o buy_n of_o the_o oil_n mention_v twisden_n deny_v the_o case_n put_v by_o maynard_n of_o the_o particular_a damage_n and_o hold_v the_o word_n actionable_a roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v a_o man_n may_v be_v a_o bankrupt_a and_o yet_o be_v honest_a for_o he_o may_v become_v so_o by_o accident_n averment_n averment_n and_o not_o of_o purpose_n to_o deceive_v his_o creditor_n but_o here_o be_v no_o need_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n to_o show_v he_o have_v a_o particular_a loss_n by_o the_o word_n for_o it_o be_v enough_o that_o he_o be_v general_o scandalize_v by_o they_o neither_o be_v it_o necessary_a for_o he_o to_o aver_v that_o he_o be_v able_a to_o pay_v all_o his_o debt_n as_o maynard_n have_v allege_v therefore_o let_v the_o plaintiff_n have_v his_o judgement_n nisi_fw-la antea_fw-la owen_n against_o jevon_n trin._n 1651._o banc._n sup_v pasc_n 1651._o rot_n 211._o owen_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n against_o jevon_n for_o speak_v these_o word_n of_o she_o word_n arrest_n â—f_a judgement_n in_o action_n for_o word_n viz._n this_o be_v the_o whore_n that_o my_o man_n cowell_n beget_v a_o bastard_n on_o and_o spend_v all_o my_o money_n upon_o and_o the_o quean_n have_v be_v too_o long_o in_o town_n to_o my_o ease_n upon_o a_o issue_n join_v and_o a_o verdict_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n twisden_n for_o the_o defendant_n in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n urge_v that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o there_o be_v no_o special_a loss_n or_o damage_n allege_v by_o the_o plaintiff_n happen_v to_o she_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o word_n &_o say_v that_o in_o one_o lighfoot_n and_o pigot_n case_n it_o have_v be_v rule_v that_o a_o action_n lie_v not_o for_o say_v a_o woman_n have_v a_o bastard_n and_o he_o cite_v also_o winter_n and_o barnard_n case_n trin._n 1650._o in_o this_o court._n upon_o these_o reason_n judgement_n be_v stay_v till_o the_o other_o side_n shall_v move_v jay_n against_o jay._n trin._n 1651._o banc._n sup_v trin._n 1650._o rot_n 1350._o this_o case_n former_o put_v and_o speak_v to_o will_n argument_n in_o a_o special_a verdict_n touch_v the_o consideration_n of_o the_o word_n of_o a_o will_n be_v again_o speak_v unto_o by_o latch_n wherein_o he_o make_v this_o question_n viz._n whether_o the_o limitation_n to_o i._o and_o his_o heir_n be_v good_a or_o not_o and_o he_o hold_v it_o be_v not_o good_a for_o he_o say_v that_o such_o limitation_n in_o case_n of_o a_o freehold_n be_v void_a he_o confess_v that_o in_o the_o case_n of_o pell_n and_o brown_n 17_o jac._n rot_v 44._o the_o contrary_a be_v adjudge_v but_o that_o there_o do_v appear_v such_o apparent_a inconvenience_n in_o it_o that_o upon_o it_o the_o court_n be_v afterward_o divide_v and_o 21_o jac._n in_o the_o sergeant_n case_v it_o be_v make_v a_o flat_a quaere_fw-la and_o ever_o since_o it_o have_v be_v disputable_a whether_o a_o contingent_a devise_n be_v good_a or_o not_o and_o in_o jacob_n and_o telling_n case_v it_o be_v not_o
his_o guardian_n and_o therefore_o let_v the_o judgement_n be_v reverse_v nisi_fw-la fortune_n against_o johnson_n hill_n 1651._o banc._n sup_v the_o court_n be_v move_v for_o a_o attachment_n against_o johnson_n upon_o a_o affidavit_n possession_n for_o a_o attachment_n for_o put_v one_o out_o of_o possession_n that_o he_o have_v eject_v one_o out_o of_o possession_n that_o be_v put_v in_o by_o a_o habere_fw-la facias_fw-la possessionem_fw-la and_o that_o in_o a_o very_a riotous_a manner_n and_o have_v imprison_v the_o party_n so_o put_v out_o of_o possession_n and_o other_o windham_n on_o the_o other_o side_n by_o way_n of_o answer_n say_v that_o the_o party_n come_v into_o the_o land_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o eign_a judgement_n and_o a_o extent_n upon_o it_o roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v here_o be_v title_n against_o title_n therefore_o take_v your_o course_n in_o law_n for_o we_o will_v make_v no_o rule_n in_o it_o crosthwayt_o and_o the_o hundred_o of_o lowdon_n hill_n 1651._o banc._n sup_v crosthwayt_o bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o winchester_n of_o robberye_n robbery_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o winchester_n for_o robbery_n against_o the_o hundred_o of_o lowdon_n for_o be_v rob_v of_o 160_o l._n and_o have_v a_o verdict_n against_o the_o hundred_o it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o action_n upon_o the_o statute_n do_v not_o lie_v for_o the_o party_n that_o bring_v it_o for_o it_o appear_v that_o he_o be_v not_o rob_v but_o that_o the_o money_n be_v take_v out_o of_o a_o portmantle_v which_o be_v carry_v by_o the_o postboy_n and_o that_o only_o the_o plaintiff_n hand_n be_v upon_o one_o end_n of_o the_o portmantle_v so_o that_o the_o post-boy_n be_v rob_v and_o not_o the_o plaintiff_n but_o roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v possession_n robbery_n possession_n there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o that_o this_o be_v a_o robbery_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o it_o be_v all_o one_o as_o where_o my_o servant_n be_v rob_v in_o my_o presence_n and_o there_o the_o good_n shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o my_o possession_n and_o so_o be_v it_o here_o and_o therefore_o let_v judgement_n be_v enter_v nisi_fw-la tailor_n and_o web._n hill_n 1651_o banc._n sup_v this_o case_n former_o argue_v at_o the_o bar_n and_o break_v on_o the_o bench_n will_n special_a verdict_n upon_o the_o word_n of_o a_o will_n and_o some_o opinion_n deliver_v in_o it_o be_v again_o move_v by_o maynard_n and_o argue_v by_o he_o and_o he_o say_v that_o by_o the_o will_v no_o land_n pass_v because_o land_n be_v not_o mention_v in_o it_o neither_o be_v there_o any_o necessary_a implication_n that_o the_o testator_n intend_v to_o devise_v his_o land_n for_o the_o make_v one_o his_o heir_n and_o enjoin_v he_o to_o pay_v a_o annuity_n do_v not_o convey_v the_o land_n to_o he_o and_o the_o will_n do_v not_o say_v that_o he_o make_v he_o his_o heir_n of_o his_o land_n but_o general_o his_o heir_n which_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n may_v be_v of_o good_n and_o for_o the_o enjoin_v he_o to_o pay_v the_o annuity_n this_o may_v be_v out_o of_o other_o land_n in_o consideration_n of_o the_o personal_a estate_n give_v unto_o he_o in_o danyel_n and_o vbly_n case_n a_o gift_n make_v by_o a_o feme_fw-fr coparcener_n of_o her_o purparty_n of_o land_n do_v not_o convey_v the_o land_n in_o fee_n in_o marsh_n case_n the_o father_n give_v his_o land_n to_o his_o two_o son_n to_o be_v equal_o divide_v it_o be_v adjudge_v there_o that_o only_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n pass_v and_o here_o be_v nothing_o at_o all_o express_o give_v in_o gilbert_n and_o withers_n case_n mich._n 20_o jac._n it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o there_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v make_v such_o a_o construction_n of_o a_o will_n as_o be_v not_o agreeable_a to_o law_n and_o this_o be_v only_o a_o logical_a will_n by_o way_n of_o argument_n and_o not_o a_o grammatical_a interpretation_n construction_n or_o interpretation_n and_o positive_a will._n roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v to_o make_v a_o construction_n of_o a_o will_v where_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o testator_n can_v be_v know_v be_v intentio_fw-la caeca_fw-la &_o sicca_fw-la but_o here_o although_o the_o word_n of_o the_o will_v be_v not_o proper_a yet_o we_o may_v collect_v the_o testator_n meaning_n to_o be_v by_o make_v of_o the_o party_n his_o heir_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v his_o land_n and_o it_o be_v all_o one_o as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v heir_n of_o his_o land_n and_o here_o he_o not_o only_o make_v he_o his_o heir_n but_o his_o executor_n also_o will._n will._n and_o therefore_o if_o he_o shall_v not_o have_v his_o land_n the_o word_n heir_n be_v mere_o nugatory_n and_o to_o no_o purpose_n for_o by_o be_v executor_n only_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o good_n and_o as_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v he_o be_v in_o this_o case_n haeres_fw-la factus_fw-la though_o not_o natus_fw-la jerman_n justice_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n and_o say_v that_o the_o word_n heir_n imply_v two_o thing_n 1._o that_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o land_n 2_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v they_o in_o fee_n simple_a nicholas_n and_o ask_v justice_n concur_v and_o so_o it_o be_v rule_v that_o judgement_n shall_v be_v give_v for_o sir_n john_n bridges_n the_o devisee_fw-mi nisi_fw-la lockoe_n against_o palfriman_n hill_n 1651_o banc._n sup_v hill_n 1651_o rot_n 1002._o upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n find_v in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la firmae_fw-la special_a verdict_n in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la the_o case_n fall_v out_o to_o be_v this_o tenant_n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr and_o their_o heir_n baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr suffer_v a_o recovery_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o feme_fw-fr be_v bind_v by_o this_o recovery_n because_o the_o feme_fw-fr be_v covert_n it_o be_v conceive_v she_o be_v not_o tenant_n to_o the_o praecipe_fw-la because_o it_o appear_v not_o she_o be_v examine_v and_o so_o nothing_o be_v recover_v from_o she_o it_o be_v argue_v that_o this_o recovery_n do_v bind_v the_o feme_fw-fr 1._o because_o if_o a_o praecipe_n be_v bring_v against_o one_o who_o have_v nothing_o in_o the_o land_n the_o write_v only_o be_v abatable_a fitz._n tit._n droyt_n 29._o next_o a_o estople_n with_o recompense_n exclude_v not_o only_a party_n and_o privy_n but_o also_o stranger_n as_o it_o be_v in_o shellye_n case_n and_o 3_o jac._n c._n b._n in_o duke_n and_o smith_n case_n 15_o e._n 4_o f._n 28_o in_o 43_o ed._n 3._o f._n â—8_o be_v the_o first_o mention_n of_o examination_n of_o a_o feme_fw-fr upon_o a_o recovery_n and_o she_o shall_v be_v intend_v to_o be_v examine_v here_o if_o it_o be_v requisite_a for_o it_o be_v not_o find_v she_o be_v not_o examine_v and_o in_o br._n abridg._n recovery_n in_o value_n 27_o 23_o h._n 8._o it_o be_v hold_v that_o a_o feme_fw-fr covert_n be_v bar_v by_o a_o common_a recovery_n and_o this_o have_v be_v the_o continual_a practice_n since_o that_o time_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v object_v that_o a_o colourable_a recovery_n do_v not_o bind_v a_o feme_fw-fr covert_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o this_o be_v not_o a_o colourable_a recovery_n but_o a_o judicial_a matter_n of_o record_n and_o be_v bring_v upon_o a_o original_n and_o there_o be_v a_o intend_a recompense_n to_o the_o feme_fw-fr and_o to_o urge_v that_o there_o be_v no_o tenant_n to_o the_o praecipe_fw-la be_v a_o objection_n which_o reach_v to_o the_o common_a practice_n of_o assurance_n and_o therefore_o not_o to_o be_v admit_v and_o in_o time_n they_o may_v have_v counterplead_v the_o voucher_n but_o now_o they_o can_v avert_v this_o matter_n against_o the_o record_n 19_o e._n 3._o estople_n 9_o and_o though_o the_o feme_fw-fr be_v not_o examine_v yet_o she_o shall_v be_v bind_v by_o this_o recovery_n though_o in_o a_o fine_a it_o be_v otherwise_o where_o there_o be_v no_o recompense_n in_o value_n as_o here_o there_o be_v and_o in_o a_o fine_a the_o judge_n ex_fw-la officio_fw-la be_v bind_v to_o examine_v the_o feme_fw-fr but_o not_o in_o a_o recovery_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o practice_n of_o it_o in_o law_n 13_o ed._n 3_o judgement_n 29._o a_o partition_n make_v by_o writ_n shall_v bind_v a_o feme_fw-fr covert_n because_o she_o have_v a_o recompense_n so_o be_v it_o upon_o a_o partition_n make_v upon_o record_n in_o chancery_n and_o by_o the_o baron_n survive_v the_o feme_fw-fr here_o the_o recompense_n both_o not_o survive_v to_o the_o baron_n but_o shall_v go_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o feme_fw-fr br._n recovery_n in_o value_n 27_o 2_o jac._n c._n b._n here_o be_v a_o real_a estate_n in_o the_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr hale_n on_o the_o other_o side_n make_v the_o question_n to_o be_v whether_o by_o a_o recovery_n
one_o as_o if_o the_o party_n have_v appear_v for_o if_o he_o have_v appear_v the_o case_n will_v have_v be_v otherwise_o so_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintif_a nisi_fw-la etc._n etc._n pasch_fw-mi 1652._o banc._n sup_v memorandum_n remaâ—â—ed_v one_o bring_v by_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la from_o the_o fleet_n remaâ—â—ed_v one_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o court_n by_o the_o mareschall_n of_o the_o fleet_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la direct_v to_o he_o out_o of_o this_o court_n and_o because_o it_o do_v appear_v upon_o record_n that_o the_o party_n be_v charge_v with_o divers_a debt_n when_o he_o be_v turn_v over_o to_o the_o fleet_n he_o be_v not_o suffer_v to_o put_v in_o bail_n here_o but_o be_v remand_v gossage_n against_o tailor_n pasch_fw-mi 1652._o banc._n sup_v hill_n 1650._o rot_n 117._o in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la upon_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n of_o a_o message_n ejectrueâ—â—_n special_a verdict_n in_o trespass_n and_o ejectrueâ—â—_n and_o certain_a land_n in_o hatfield_n broad-oak_n in_o the_o county_n of_o essex_n upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n find_v the_o case_n fall_v out_o to_o be_v this_o rich._n frank_n seize_v among_o other_o land_n and_o tenement_n of_o the_o message_n and_o land_n in_o question_n upon_o the_o marriage_n of_o his_o son_n leventhorp_n frank_n with_o susan_n cotele_fw-la levy_v a_o fine_a of_o the_o land_n to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o during_o his_o own_o life_n and_o the_o life_n of_o leventhorp_n his_o son_n and_o after_o during_o the_o life_n of_o susanna_n cotele_fw-la the_o wife_n of_o leventhorp_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o heir_n to_o be_v beget_v upon_o the_o body_n of_o susanna_n by_o leventhorp_n her_o husband_n the_o question_n here_o be_v whether_o the_o word_n heir_n shall_v be_v intend_v the_o heir_n of_o leventhorp_n and_o susanna_n his_o wife_n or_o whether_o the_o estate_n shall_v be_v intend_v to_o be_v limit_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o susanna_n only_o and_o that_o leventhorp_n shall_v have_v bare_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n in_o the_o land_n sergeant_n glyn_n of_o council_n with_o the_o plaintif_n hold_v that_o susanna_n cotele_fw-la have_v a_o estate_n tail_n execute_v in_o the_o land_n and_o that_o the_o word_n heir_n shall_v relate_v only_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o susanna_n and_o not_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o leventhorp_n 1._o because_o that_o here_o be_v a_o estate_n limit_v for_o life_n unto_o susanna_n by_o a_o express_a limitation_n and_o her_o heir_n shall_v take_v immediate_o after_o the_o estate_n for_o life_n end_v and_o they_o shall_v not_o come_v in_o as_o purchaser_n by_o express_v term_n the_o word_n heir_n be_v not_o limit_v to_o any_o person_n but_o it_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o construction_n of_o the_o law_n and_o that_o do_v apply_v it_o to_o susanna_n as_o to_o a_o person_n to_o who_o richard_n that_o settle_v the_o land_n have_v express_v most_o affection_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o deed_n lit._n f._n 6._o sect._n 28._o there_o be_v a_o expression_n of_o the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o word_n heir_n shall_v relate_v but_o so_o be_v not_o here_o and_o therefore_o the_o case_n differ_v in_o 3_o ed._n 3._o f._n 31_o 32._o it_o be_v rule_v that_o both_o party_n have_v a_o estate_n tail_n because_o the_o estate_n be_v limit_v to_o both_o but_o so_o it_o be_v not_o in_o our_o case_n so_o those_o book_n be_v not_o against_o i_o in_o our_o case_n it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o richard_n do_v intend_v to_o advance_v the_o husband_n of_o susanna_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o reason_n that_o the_o word_n heir_n shall_v relate_v to_o he_o but_o to_o susanna_n his_o wife_n only_o for_o in_o case_n of_o limitation_n of_o estate_n the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v and_o do_v direct_v the_o matter_n and_o the_o precede_a limit_v of_o the_o estate_n to_o susanna_n and_o not_o to_o leventhorp_n do_v show_v that_o the_o party_n do_v mean_a to_o promote_v the_o heir_n of_o susanna_n lit._n sect._n 27._o dyer_n 27._o a_o second_o reason_n be_v draw_v from_o the_o pen_n of_o the_o deed_n which_o in_o the_o limitation_n of_o it_o do_v incline_v more_o that_o the_o word_n heir_n shall_v be_v apply_v to_o susanna_n than_o to_o leventhorp_n for_o the_o word_n upon_o she_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v of_o she_o and_o then_o it_o be_v the_o same_o case_n with_o littleton_n case_n 3_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o donor_n appear_v to_o be_v such_o by_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o entire_a limitation_n which_o do_v show_v that_o he_o do_v intend_v that_o leventhorp_n shall_v not_o have_v such_o a_o estate_n whereby_o it_o shall_v be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o deprive_v his_o issue_n and_o therefore_o the_o word_n heir_n be_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o susanna_n and_o not_o to_o leventhorp_n for_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v apply_v to_o both_o then_o leventhorp_n may_v destroy_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o issue_n contrary_a to_o the_o donors_n intent_n and_o whereas_o dyer_n 99_o be_v object_v against_o i_o i_o answer_v that_o case_n be_v not_o against_o i_o for_o there_o the_o word_n heir_n be_v express_o limit_v to_o a_o certain_a person_n viz._n to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o both_o of_o they_o but_o so_o it_o be_v not_o in_o our_o case_n and_o whereas_o hill_n 13_o jac._n lane_n and_o panel_n case_n in_o this_o court_n be_v also_o object_v against_o i_o i_o answer_v that_o that_o case_n be_v in_o effect_n the_o same_o case_n with_o dyer_n and_o the_o question_n in_o our_o case_n come_v not_o in_o dispute_n and_o the_o will_n of_o the_o donor_n in_o deed_n be_v to_o be_v ohserve_v lit._n 22._o c._n tayl._n 1._o rep_v shelley_n case_n 103._o 〈◊〉_d notwithstanding_o in_o gift_n in_o tail_n this_o rule_n hold_v not_o so_o that_o a_o gift_n in_o tail_n may_v be_v lim_v contrary_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o i_o know_v not_o of_o any_o authority_n in_o print_n or_o write_v against_o i_o but_o in_o 13_o ed._n 3._o fitz._n tit_n variance_n 81_o there_o be_v a_o express_a authority_n for_o i_o and_o 4_o h._n 4._o fitz._n br_n 448._o &_o in_o my_o experience_n i_o have_v know_v many_o estate_n limit_v as_o this_o be_v in_o the_o southern_a part_n &_o hold_v good_a estate_n tail_n &_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v otherwise_o many_o estate_n will_v be_v shake_v roll_v chief_a justice_n we_o have_v deliver_v our_o opinion_n before_o against_o you_o viz._n that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o donour_n to_o apply_v the_o word_n heir_n to_o the_o body_n of_o susanna_n only_o for_o this_o construction_n will_v offer_v violence_n unto_o the_o word_n as_o appear_v by_o littleton_n who_o interpret_v that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o both_o the_o party_n and_o your_o reason_n be_v found_v upon_o a_o wrong_a ground_n and_o express_o against_o litletons_n case_n and_o for_o your_o second_o reason_n it_o be_v of_o no_o weight_n for_o the_o word_n be_v all_o one_o as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n beget_v upon_o the_o wife_n 3_o we_o be_v not_o to_o frame_v a_o meaning_n against_o plain_a word_n which_o show_v the_o donors_n intent_n to_o be_v against_o you_o and_o the_o baron_n can_v bar_v the_o estate_n tail_n as_o you_o suppose_v tayl._n tayl._n for_o the_o feme_fw-fr have_v a_o estate_n for_o life_n and_o if_o she_o survive_v she_o may_v revive_v the_o remain_a estate_n and_o we_o must_v not_o consider_v of_o inconvenience_n which_o possible_o may_v happen_v against_o the_o express_a word_n of_o the_o deed_n and_o the_o multitude_n of_o conveyance_n make_v in_o this_o manner_n be_v of_o no_o force_n to_o alter_v the_o law_n jerman_n justice_n as_o roll._n that_o the_o word_n heir_n shall_v be_v apply_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o both_o party_n because_o voluntas_fw-la donatoris_fw-la secundum_fw-la formam_fw-la chartae_fw-la expressa_fw-la est_fw-la observanda_fw-la nicholas_n and_o ask_v justice_n of_o the_o same_o opinion_n garland_n against_o yarrow_n pasc_n 1652._o banc._n sup_v this_o case_n be_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n former_o speak_v unto_o in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n for_o these_o word_n word_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o act_n on_o for_o word_n you_o be_v a_o knave_n and_o keep_v a_o bawdy_a house_n be_v again_o move_v by_o christ_n turner_n who_o hold_v that_o the_o word_n be_v not_o actionable_a 1._o because_o they_o be_v of_o spiritual_a cognisance_n 2_o it_o be_v not_o say_v that_o he_o keep_v a_o common_a bawdy_a house_n 3_o here_o be_v no_o special_a damage_n lay_v 10_o car._n these_o word_n he_o be_v a_o pimp_n adjudge_v not_o actionable_a in_o lewis_n and_o whitton_n case_n 4_o it_o be_v not_o allege_v that_o he_o
justice_n answer_v deny_v deny_v it_o appear_v not_o to_o we_o but_o that_o the_o parliament_n be_v sit_v at_o the_o time_n and_o peradventure_o it_o will_v be_v make_v appear_v at_o the_o trial_n therefore_o plead_v and_o go_v to_o trial_n and_o then_o move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n if_o you_o have_v any_o thing_n to_o move_v page_z and_o parr_n hill_n 1654._o banc._n sup_v trin._n 1654._o rot_n 1687._o page_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o covenant_n upon_o a_o covenant_n contain_v in_o a_o indenture_n of_o a_o demise_n for_o year_n indenture_n covenant_n upon_o a_o indenture_n for_o the_o not_o pay_v the_o rent_n reserve_v by_o the_o indenture_n according_a to_o the_o covenant_n the_o defendant_n plead_v in_o bar_n that_o the_o plaintif_n enter_v into_o part_n of_o the_o land_n demise_v before_o the_o rent_n due_a for_o which_o the_o action_n be_v bring_v and_o so_o have_v suspend_v his_o rent_n the_o plaintif_n reply_v the_o defendant_n do_v re-enter_v and_o so_o be_v possess_v as_o in_o his_o former_a estate_n ren_fw-it suspension_n of_o ren_fw-it and_o to_o this_o replication_n the_o defendant_n demur_v and_o for_o cause_n he_o show_v that_o here_o be_v no_o confession_n and_o avoidance_n or_o traverse_v of_o the_o plea_n in_o bar_n roll_v chief_a justice_n have_v you_o show_v that_o he_o continue_v in_o possession_n until_o the_o rent_n grow_v due_a for_o you_o ought_v to_o show_v that_o he_o enter_v and_o be_v possess_v until_o after_o the_o rent-day_n but_o here_o you_o have_v only_o say_v that_o he_o be_v possess_v in_o his_o former_a right_n billam_fw-la nil_fw-la capiar_fw-la per_fw-la billam_fw-la therefore_o nil_fw-la capiat_fw-la per_fw-la billam_fw-la nisi_fw-la hill_n 1654._o banc._n sup_v upon_o a_o affidavit_fw-la read_v in_o court_n action_n not_o to_o plead_v till_o cost_n pay_v assess_v in_o a_o former_a action_n that_o 20_o l._n cost_n be_v tax_v upon_o a_o non-sute_n in_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n and_o ejectment_n bring_v to_o the_o bar_n and_o that_o the_o plaintif_n have_v not_o pay_v they_o nor_o be_v to_o be_v find_v and_o yet_o have_v bring_v another_o action_n for_o the_o same_o land_n the_o court_n be_v move_v that_o the_o defendant_n may_v not_o be_v rule_v to_o plead_v to_o this_o second_o action_n until_o the_o plaintif_n have_v pay_v the_o cost_n tax_v upon_o the_o former_a non_fw-fr suit_n and_o that_o another_o plaintif_n may_v be_v name_v or_o that_o security_n may_v be_v give_v to_o pay_v the_o cost_n if_o the_o plaintif_n shall_v be_v non-sute_n again_o cause_n show_v cause_n the_o rule_n be_v to_o show_v cause_n why_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v so_o hill_n 1654._o banc._n sup_v darcy_n move_v that_o a_o endictment_n of_o michaelmas_n term_n last_o may_v be_v amend_v in_o the_o caption_n but_o roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v deny_v to_o amend_v a_o endictment_n of_o a_o former_a term_n deny_v it_o can_v be_v if_o it_o be_v of_o the_o last_o term_n but_o have_v it_o be_v a_o endictment_n of_o this_o term_n it_o may_v have_v be_v amend_v hill_n 1654._o banc._n sup_v the_o court_n be_v move_v to_o quash_n a_o endictment_n for_o enter_v forcible_o upon_o a_o tenant_n for_o year_n against_o the_o statute_n of_o 21_o jacobi_fw-la endictment_n to_o quash_n a_o endictment_n and_o the_o exception_n be_v that_o the_o endictment_n do_v not_o say_v that_o he_o enter_v manu_fw-la forti_fw-la roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v the_o statute_n be_v only_o that_o if_o one_o enter_v by_o force_n and_o the_o word_n manu_fw-la forti_fw-la be_v not_o express_v in_o the_o act_n therefore_o move_v it_o again_o if_o you_o will_n hill_n 1654._o banc._n sup_v a_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la cum_fw-la causa_fw-la be_v grant_v for_o elizabeth_n bayne_n subjiciendum_fw-la to_o discharge_v a_o prisoner_n turn_v over_o to_o the_o marshal_n for_o a_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la ad_fw-la subjiciendum_fw-la to_o the_o intent_n to_o charge_v she_o with_o a_o action_n and_o upon_o the_o return_n thereof_o she_o be_v commit_v to_o the_o marshal_n wild_a move_v that_o she_o may_v be_v discharge_v because_o the_o return_n of_o the_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la be_v erroneous_a but_o roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v it_o can_v not_o be_v whereupon_o he_o move_v for_o another_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la for_o she_o ad_fw-la subjiciendum_fw-la to_o be_v direct_v to_o the_o marshal_n which_o be_v grant_v hill_n 1654._o banc._n sup_v the_o court_n be_v move_v to_o quash_n a_o endictment_n prefer_v against_o one_o for_o practise_v physic_n not_o be_v skilful_a in_o the_o profession_n licence_n to_o quash_n a_o endictment_n for_o practise_v physic_n without_o licence_n and_o not_o have_v a_o licence_n to_o practice_n from_o the_o college_n of_o physician_n the_o exception_n be_v 1._o that_o no_o endictment_n at_o the_o common_a law_n lie_v for_o the_o offence_n suppose_v to_o be_v commit_v for_o it_o be_v not_o a_o offence_n against_o the_o common_a law_n and_o 2_o a_o endictment_n upon_o the_o statute_n lie_v not_o and_o so_o no_o endictment_n lie_v and_o upon_o these_o exception_n it_o be_v quash_v the_o protector_n and_o hart._n hill_n 1654._o banc._n sup_v one_o hart_n commit_v to_o the_o gatehouse_n appear_v in_o court_n upon_o the_o return_n of_o a_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la grant_v for_o he_o deny_v to_o remand_v a_o prisoner_n appear_v upon_o a_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la and_o turn_v over_o deny_v and_o upon_o the_o prayer_n of_o his_o council_n the_o return_n be_v file_v upon_o which_o it_o be_v move_v on_o his_o behalf_n that_o he_o may_v be_v remand_v to_o the_o keeper_n of_o the_o gatehouse_n and_o not_o turn_v over_o to_o the_o marshal_n to_o the_o intent_n to_o save_v his_o fee_n but_o the_o court_n say_v it_o can_v not_o be_v because_o upon_o file_v of_o the_o return_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v enter_v upon_o it_o a_o committitur_fw-la to_o the_o marshal_n whereby_o he_o become_v his_o prisoner_n torret_fw-la and_o frampton_n hill_n 1654._o banc._n sup_v trin._n 1653._o rot_n 178._o upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n the_o case_n be_v this_o devise_n special_a verdict_n upon_o a_o devise_n a_o man_n devise_v his_o land_n to_o his_o wife_n for_o her_o life_n the_o remaindar_n to_o a._n b._n and_o c._n and_o their_o heir_n respective_o for_o ever_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o a._n b._n and_o c._n be_v joint_a tenant_n or_o tenant_n in_o common_a sergeant_n twisden_n hold_v that_o they_o be_v joint_a renant_n common_a whether_o joint_a tenancy_n or_o a_o tenancy_n in_o common_a and_o that_o this_o case_n differ_v from_o radcliff_n case_n and_o cite_v wild_n case_n in_o the_o 6_o rep._n that_o a_o will_n must_v be_v clear_a and_o conspicuous_a but_o so_o it_o be_v not_o here_o and_o here_o be_v no_o enforcement_n by_o these_o word_n respective_o and_o they_o do_v relate_v to_o the_o person_n and_o not_o to_o the_o land_n bequeath_v and_o a_o covenant_n make_v by_o three_o respective_o be_v a_o joint_a covenant_n and_o not_o a_o several_a covenant_n and_o the_o word_n respective_o have_v relation_n to_o the_o survivorship_n which_o may_v happen_v betwixt_o the_o party_n and_o a_o devise_n to_o one_o and_o his_o heir_n be_v a_o fee-simple_n latch_n for_o the_o defendant_n hold_v that_o here_o be_v a_o tenancy_n in_o common_a and_o not_o a_o joint_a tenancy_n for_o the_o estate_n ought_v to_o be_v whole_a out_o either_o a_o tenancy_n in_o common_a or_o whole_a out_o a_o joint_a tenancy_n and_o this_o of_o necessity_n for_o there_o can_v be_v a_o joint_a tenancy_n for_o life_n and_o several_a inheritante_n in_o the_o remainder_n and_o littleton_n ground_n prove_v this_o to_o be_v so_o and_o 2_o it_o be_v against_o all_o construction_n to_o be_v otherwise_o as_o the_o word_n respective_o be_v here_o place_v and_o ratclifs_fw-fr case_n which_o be_v not_o so_o strong_a a_o case_n as_o this_o case_n prove_v it_o to_o be_v so_o and_o although_o the_o word_n respective_o may_v sometime_o make_v a_o distribution_n of_o heirship_n as_o have_v be_v object_v viz._n of_o several_a heirship_n yet_o here_o the_o place_n of_o the_o word_n respective_o show_v it_o can_v be_v so_o heirship_n distribution_n of_o heirship_n and_o this_o use_n of_o the_o word_n be_v not_o operative_a but_o idle_a if_o here_o shall_v be_v a_o joint_a tenancy_n for_o the_o law_n say_v as_o much_o though_o the_o word_n respective_o be_v leave_v out_o and_o the_o word_n will_v be_v the_o more_o idle_a in_o explicate_v a_o thing_n so_o obvious_a to_o common_a understanding_n and_o no_o way_n doubtful_a and_o therefore_o we_o can_v think_v but_o that_o these_o extraordinary_a word_n do_v enforce_v a_o extraordinary_a construction_n and_o not_o a_o common_a one_o and_o a_o idle_a application_n and_o this_o come_v not_o within_o the_o rule_n object_v for_o the_o certainty_n for_o this_o word_n have_v a_o proper_a meaning_n to_o make_v a_o several_a distribution_n
to_o the_o surrender_n or_o otherwise_o the_o admittance_n be_v not_o good_a thurle_n and_o madison_n mich._n 1655._o banc._n sup_v in_o a_o trial_n at_o the_o bar_n between_o thurle_n and_o madison_n deed._n enrolment_n of_o a_o deed._n it_o be_v say_v by_o glyn_n chief_a justice_n that_o if_o divers_a person_n do_v seal_v a_o deed_n and_o but_o one_o of_o they_o acknowledge_v the_o deed_n and_o the_o deed_n be_v thereupon_o enroll_v this_o be_v a_o good_a enrollment_n within_o the_o statute_n and_o may_v be_v give_v in_o evidence_n as_o a_o deed_n enroll_v evidence_n evidence_n at_o a_o trial_n it_o be_v then_o also_o say_v that_o if_o a_o deed_n express_v a_o consideration_n of_o money_n upon_o the_o purchase_n make_v by_o the_o deed_n yet_o this_o be_v no_o proof_n upon_o a_o trial_n consideration_n consideration_n that_o the_o money_n express_v be_v pay_v but_o it_o must_v be_v prove_v by_o witness_n meorandum_n prove_v copy_n prove_v that_o upon_o the_o same_o trial_n a_o act_n of_o parliament_n produce_v in_o point_n for_o the_o sell_n of_o delinquent_n estate_n be_v swear_v to_o have_v be_v examine_v by_o the_o parliament_n roll_n and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o true_a copy_n before_o it_o be_v read_v in_o evidence_n nota._n wood_n and_o gunston_n mich._n 1655._o upon_o a_o motion_n for_o a_o new_a trial_n between_o wood_n and_o gunston_n jury._n memorandum_n new_a trial_n for_o miscarriage_n of_o the_o jury._n upon_o a_o supposition_n of_o excessive_a damage_n give_v by_o the_o jury_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n try_v at_o the_o bar_n for_o word_n viz._n call_v the_o plaintif_a traitor_n etc._n etc._n 1500_o l._n be_v the_o damage_n give_v it_o be_v say_v by_o glyn_n chief_a justice_n that_o if_o the_o court_n do_v believe_v that_o the_o jury_n give_v their_o verdict_n against_o their_o direction_n give_v unto_o they_o the_o court_n may_v grant_v a_o new_a trial_n and_o a_o new_a trial_n be_v gront_v in_o this_o case_n after_o a_o full_a debate_n have_v by_o council_n on_o both_o side_n culliar_a and_o jermin_n mich._n 1655._o banc._n sup_v culliar_a bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n upon_o a_o promise_n and_o declare_v promise_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n upon_o a_o promise_n that_o the_o testator_n of_o the_o defendant_n in_o consideration_n that_o the_o plaintif_n will_v marry_v such_o a_o woman_n do_v promise_v that_o he_o will_v leave_v he_o half_a his_o estate_n at_o his_o death_n and_o thereupon_o he_o do_v marry_v the_o party_n and_o yet_o he_o do_v not_o leave_v he_o half_a his_o estate_n at_o his_o death_n upon_o a_o verdict_n find_v for_o the_o plaintif_a it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o declaration_n be_v not_o good_a for_o whereas_o the_o promise_n be_v that_o the_o defendant_n shall_v leave_v he_o half_o of_o all_o his_o estate_n which_o may_v be_v intend_v both_o of_o his_o real_a and_o also_o of_o his_o personal_a estate_n and_o of_o any_o estate_n in_o reversion_n as_o well_o as_o of_o a_o estate_n in_o possession_n the_o plaintif_a only_o say_v that_o the_o testator_n die_v worth_a 3000_o l._n in_o possession_n and_o that_o he_o do_v not_o leave_v he_o half_o of_o that_o estate_n and_o it_o may_v be_v he_o leave_v he_o part_v of_o his_o real_a estate_n or_o estate_n in_o reversion_n to_o the_o full_a value_n of_o half_a his_o whole_a estate_n but_o glyn_n chief_a justice_n disallow_v the_o exception_n and_o give_v judgement_n for_o the_o plaintif_n judgement_n judgement_n lance_z and_o blackmore_n mich._n 1655._o banc._n sup_v hill_n 1654._o rot_n 191._o lance_n a_o executor_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o blackmore_n pro_fw-la arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n upon_o a_o pro_fw-la and_o declare_v that_o in_o consideration_n that_o the_o testator_n will_v suffer_v the_o defendant_n to_o enjoy_v such_o a_o close_a of_o land_n the_o defendant_n do_v assume_v and_o promise_v to_o pay_v 53_o s._n a_o year_n for_o the_o rent_n thereof_o for_o so_o long_a time_n as_o he_o shall_v enjoy_v it_o and_o for_o so_o much_o rend_v due_a for_o it_o for_o so_o long_a time_n in_o the_o testator_n life_n time_n and_o for_o so_o much_o rend_v due_a since_o his_o death_n he_o bring_v the_o action_n upon_o non_fw-la assumpsit_fw-la plead_v a_o verdict_n be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintif_a and_o entire_a damage_n give_v it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n do_v not_o lie_v it_o be_v for_o the_o nonpayment_n of_o rent_n which_o follow_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o land_n and_o do_v sound_a in_o the_o realty_n for_o which_o a_o personal_a action_n lie_v not_o 2_o here_o do_v not_o appear_v by_o the_o daclaration_n consideration_n personal_a act_n on_o consideration_n to_o the_o any_o consideration_n to_o ground_n the_o promise_n upon_o for_o the_o declaration_n be_v that_o if_o the_o testator_n in_o her_o life_n time_n will_v permit_v the_o defendant_n to_o enjoy_v the_o close_a then_o etc._n etc._n and_o it_o be_v not_o aver_v averment_n averment_n that_o the_o testator_n do_v in_o her_o life_n time_n suffer_v the_o defendant_n to_o enjoy_v the_o close_a glyn_n chief_a justice_n if_o a_o promise_n be_v make_v to_o the_o testator_n the_o executor_n may_v have_v a_o action_n executor_n executor_n and_o it_o be_v a_o good_a consideration_n as_o to_o he_o for_o the_o executor_n be_v representative_a of_o the_o testator_n and_o 2_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n will_v not_o lie_v for_o rent_n upon_o a_o promise_n in_o law_n but_o upon_o a_o special_a promise_n of_o the_o party_n to_o pay_v it_o special_a promise_v in_o law_n special_a as_o our_o case_n be_v it_o will_v lie_v ingram_n and_o fawset_n mich._n 1655._o banc._n sup_v in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v say_v by_o glyn_n chief_a justice_n administrator_n administrator_n must_v show_v how_o administrator_n that_o if_o a_o administrator_n bring_v a_o action_n against_o a_o administrator_n it_o be_v not_o necessary_a for_o the_o plaintif_a to_o show_v by_o who_o the_o letter_n of_o administration_n be_v grant_v unto_o the_o defendant_n but_o he_o must_v show_v by_o who_o the_o letter_n of_o administration_n be_v grant_v to_o himself_o to_o entitle_v himself_o to_o the_o action_n for_o if_o it_o appear_v not_o to_o the_o court_n that_o he_o be_v administrator_n he_o can_v sue_v by_o that_o name_n mich._n 1635._o banc._n sup_v it_o be_v say_v by_o wild_n and_o agree_v by_o whitwick_n one_o of_o the_o master_n of_o the_o upper_a bench_n office_n principal_n how_o far_o special_a bail_n be_v liable_a for_o the_o principal_n that_o if_o a_o attorney_n do_v appear_v for_o one_o in_o the_o upper_a bench_n &_o special_a bail_n be_v enter_v for_o his_o client_n to_o that_o action_n that_o that_o bail_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o stand_v bail_n to_o all_o other_o action_n that_o shall_v be_v declare_v in_o against_o the_o party_n upon_o the_o by_o but_o the_o attorney_n for_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o appear_v for_o he_o in_o all_o such_o action_n and_o to_o put_v in_o common_a bail_n wagstaff_n and_o tempest_n mich._n 1655._o banc._n sup_v it_o be_v say_v by_o glyn_n chief_a justice_n upon_o evidence_n give_v in_o a_o trial_n at_o the_o bar_n bail_n dispensation_n with_o a_o forfeiture_n of_o a_o estate_n bail_n between_o wagstaff_n and_o tempest_n that_o if_o tenant_n for_o life_n do_v levy_v a_o fine_a of_o the_o land_n he_o be_v so_o seize_v of_o whereby_o he_o shall_v forfeit_v his_o estate_n yet_o if_o he_o in_o the_o remainder_n will_v join_v with_o the_o tenant_n for_o life_n in_o declare_v the_o use_n this_o be_v a_o dispensation_n with_o the_o forfeiture_n and_o le_fw-fr gay_n mich._n 1655._o banc._n sup_v the_o court_n be_v inform_v auditor_n for_o a_o time_n to_o account_v before_o auditor_n that_o in_o a_o action_n of_o account_n bring_v there_o be_v a_o verdict_n that_o the_o defendant_n shall_v account_v before_o auditor_n and_o that_o auditor_n be_v assign_v and_o the_o party_n be_v now_o before_o the_o auditor_n and_o thereupon_o it_o be_v move_v on_o the_o defendant_n part_n that_o this_o court_n will_v grant_v he_o time_n to_o account_v for_o the_o reason_n allege_v but_o wild_n answer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o proper_a to_o move_v here_o for_o the_o auditor_n be_v now_o judge_n of_o the_o matter_n statute_n auditor_n judge_n by_o the_o statute_n and_o may_v give_v time_n if_o they_o see_v cause_n to_o which_o glyn_n chief_a justice_n agree_v and_o say_v the_o auditor_n be_v judge_n by_o the_o statute_n and_o therefore_o move_v before_o they_o and_o trouble_v not_o we_o with_o it_o sergeant_n bradshaw_n and_o procter_n mich._n 1655._o banc._n sup_v in_o the_o case_n of_o sergeant_n bradshaw_n and_o mr._n procter_n of_o grays_n inn_n record_n challenge_v to_o a_o array_n no_o part_n of_o
he_o be_v take_v and_o imprison_v the_o defendant_n plead_v a_o award_n make_v by_o sir_n john_n rivers_n and_o sir_n nicholas_n miller_n two_o justice_n of_o peace_n between_o the_o party_n in_o bar._n twisden_n of_o council_n with_o the_o plaintif_n say_v that_o the_o award_n do_v not_o bind_v the_o plaintif_n for_o the_o award_n concern_v only_o the_o speak_n of_o the_o word_n and_o speak_v nothing_o of_o the_o imprisoment_n and_o 2_o the_o award_n be_v not_o good_a for_o there_o be_v not_o satisfaction_n make_v by_o it_o on_o both_o party_n wild_a of_o council_n with_o the_o defendant_n hold_v that_o the_o declaration_n be_v not_o good_a and_o that_o therefore_o he_o need_v not_o to_o justify_v the_o plea_n for_o though_o it_o shall_v be_v ill_a yet_o the_o plaintif_n can_v have_v no_o judgement_n and_o he_o say_v the_o declaration_n be_v naught_o because_o it_o allege_v no_o day_n when_o nor_o place_n where_o the_o defendant_n charge_v the_o plaintif_a with_o the_o felony_n and_o make_v he_o to_o be_v imprison_v twisden_n answer_v that_o there_o be_v a_o place_n allege_v and_o that_o though_o there_o be_v none_o yet_o it_o be_v well_o enough_o for_o part_n and_o judgement_n may_v be_v give_v for_o that_o to_o which_o roll_n chief_a justice_n agree_v wild_a reply_v than_o the_o plea_n be_v good_a but_o the_o court_n answer_v it_o be_v not_o and_o what_o say_v you_o to_o the_o arbitrement_n wild_a answer_v it_o be_v good_a to_o which_o jerman_n and_o ask_v justice_n assent_v roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v it_o be_v a_o benefit_n to_o the_o parish_n and_o so_o to_o the_o overseer_n of_o the_o poor_a nicholas_n justice_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v that_o the_o declaration_n be_v ill_a and_o the_o plea_n also_o for_o the_o plea_n be_v entire_a plea_n declaration_n plea_n and_o yet_o go_v not_o to_o all_o the_o matter_n allege_v in_o the_o declaration_n but_o the_o plea_n be_v only_o to_o part_v of_o they_o and_o therefore_o if_o any_o part_n of_o the_o declaration_n be_v good_a judgement_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v against_o the_o defendant_n for_o that_o part_n and_o the_o plea_n in_o bar_n be_v naught_o so_o judgement_n ought_v to_o be_v entire_o for_o the_o plaintif_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v concern_v the_o damage_n rosy_a against_o langdale_n hill_n 1650._o banc._n sup_v pasch_fw-mi 1650._o rot_n 100_o rosy_a a_o executor_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n upon_o a_o assumpsit_fw-la against_o langdale_n a_o feme_fw-fr administratrix_fw-la administratrix_n error_n to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n in_o a_o assumpsit_fw-la by_o a_o executor_n against_o a_o administratrix_n and_o declare_v that_o the_o defendant_n in_o consideration_n that_o he_o will_v forbear_v suit_n until_o she_o have_v take_v out_o letter_n of_o administration_n do_v assume_v and_o promise_v to_o pay_v unto_o he_o the_o plaintif_a a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n owe_v unto_o he_o by_o the_o intestate_a upon_o issue_n join_v and_o a_o verdict_n and_o a_o judgement_n for_o the_o plaintif_a the_o defendant_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n to_o reverse_v the_o judgement_n and_o baldwin_n of_o his_o council_n take_v these_o exception_n 1._o that_o the_o plaintif_n have_v set_v forth_o no_o consideration_n in_o his_o declaration_n for_o the_o assumpsit_fw-la for_o all_o that_o be_v allege_v be_v that_o the_o plaintif_n shall_v forbear_v suit_n till_o the_o defendant_n have_v take_v out_o letter_n of_o administration_n which_o be_v no_o consideration_n at_o all_o for_o the_o defendant_n be_v not_o liable_a to_o be_v sue_v as_o administratrix_n until_o she_o have_v take_v out_o letter_n of_o administration_n except_o there_o be_v a_o cause_n depend_v as_o here_o be_v not_o and_o he_o cite_v hob._n rep_v bidwell_n and_o cotton_v case_n that_o if_o there_o be_v a_o suit_n commence_v though_o there_o be_v no_o cause_n for_o it_o yet_o forbearance_n to_o sue_v be_v a_o good_a cause_n to_o ground_n a_o assumpsit_fw-la upon_o assumpsit_fw-la assumpsit_fw-la a_o second_o exception_n be_v that_o the_o venire_fw-la facias_fw-la be_v not_o award_v per_fw-la curiam_fw-la nec_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la roll_v chief_a justice_n hold_v the_o 1._o a_o good_a exception_n for_o the_o defendant_n be_v not_o chargeable_a before_o letter_n of_o administration_n take_v forth_o if_o she_o do_v not_o intermeddle_v with_o the_o good_n of_o the_o intestate_a and_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v here_o that_o she_o do_v neither_o be_v the_o defendant_n compellable_n to_o take_v forth_o letter_n of_o administration_n for_o they_o may_v be_v grant_v to_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n if_o the_o ordinary_a please_v according_a as_o the_o statute_n ordain_v jerman_n nicholas_n and_o ask_v justice_n to_o the_o same_o intent_n thereupon_o the_o rule_n be_v reversetur_fw-la nisi_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o because_o day_n be_v of_o council_n on_o the_o other_o side_n take_v some_o exception_n to_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o the_o retorn_a thereof_o it_o be_v adjourn_v staples_n hill_n 1650._o banc._n sup_v the_o court_n be_v move_v to_o supersede_n a_o scire_fw-la sacias_fw-la bring_v by_o a_o prisoner_n of_o the_o marshalsea_n sacias_fw-la for_o a_o supersedeas_fw-la to_o a_o scire_fw-la sacias_fw-la upon_o the_o late_a act_n for_o discharge_v of_o poor_a prisoner_n because_o the_o certificate_n of_o the_o cause_n for_o which_o he_o be_v a_o prisoner_n be_v false_a and_o so_o the_o proceed_n erroneous_a for_o the_o party_n be_v in_o execution_n for_o trespass_n which_o be_v not_o within_o the_o statute_n make_v for_o the_o prisoner_n 2_o because_o there_o be_v no_o due_a notice_n give_v to_o the_o party_n at_o who_o suit_n he_o lie_v in_o execution_n as_o the_o statute_n do_v direct_v there_o shall_v the_o court_n order_v to_o view_v the_o certificate_n uneâ—_n 〈◊〉_d den_n uneâ—_n and_o to_o file_v it_o otherwise_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o proceed_n upon_o the_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la and_o direct_v the_o party_n to_o demur_v upon_o the_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la if_o it_o be_v not_o good_a because_o the_o matter_n allege_v can_v be_v plead_v to_o it_o custodes_fw-la against_o arskot_n hill_n 1650._o banc._n sup_v maynard_n move_v the_o court_n for_o one_o arskot_n that_o be_v outlaw_v for_o murder_n error_n for_o time_n to_o bring_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o have_v leave_v to_o bring_v his_o writ_n of_o error_n that_o he_o may_v have_v long_a time_n to_o bring_v it_o because_o the_o king_n use_v to_o sign_v the_o writ_n and_o the_o parliament_n have_v not_o order_v who_o shall_v do_v it_o now_o and_o therefore_o the_o attorney_n general_n must_v advise_v with_o the_o parliament_n about_o it_o which_o can_v speedy_o be_v do_v thereupon_o time_n be_v grant_v till_o the_o attorney_n can_v convenient_o do_v it_o newcomin_v against_o leigh_n hill_n 1650._o banc._n sup_v pasch_fw-mi 16â—0_n rot_v 52._o leigh_n do_v assume_v and_o promise_v unto_o newcomin_v assumpsit_fw-la whether_o a_o good_a assumpsit_fw-la that_o if_o newcomin_v will_v take_v one_o loe_o for_o his_o debtor_n in_o the_o room_n of_o one_o cooper_n and_o will_v spare_v loe_o until_o such_o a_o time_n for_o the_o money_n that_o then_o he_o will_v pay_v the_o money_n to_o newcomin_v if_o he_o do_v not_o and_o upon_o this_o assumpsit_fw-la newcomin_v bring_v his_o action_n against_o leigh_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o this_o be_v a_o good_a assumpsit_fw-la and_o the_o court_n hold_v it_o be_v not_o because_o it_o be_v a_o collateral_a thing_n and_o he_o do_v not_o say_v that_o he_o will_v discharge_v cooper_n and_o so_o newcomin_v may_v sue_v cooper_n notwithstanding_o the_o assumpsit_fw-la for_o though_o it_o may_v be_v it_o be_v the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n to_o discharge_v cooper_n yet_o it_o appear_v not_o so_o by_o the_o word_n of_o the_o assumpsit_fw-la set_v forth_o and_o it_o be_v then_o say_v by_o roll._n that_o if_o i_o promise_v to_o pay_v to_o john_n a_o down_o a_o debt_n which_o john_n a_o style_n owe_v to_o john_n a_o down_n pactum_fw-la nudum_fw-la pactum_fw-la this_o be_v nudum_fw-la pactum_fw-la bawsy_n and_o lowdall_n hill_n 1650._o banc._n sup_v pasch_fw-mi 1650._o rot_n 275._o upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n in_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n and_o ejectment_n fee_n special_a verdict_n upon_o the_o devise_n of_o a_o copyhold_n in_o fee_n the_o case_n in_o effect_n be_v this_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o copyhold_n land_n in_o fee_n devisable_v by_o custom_n devise_v they_o in_o this_o manner_n i_o give_v and_o bequeath_v my_o land_n etc._n etc._n to_o my_o son_n richard_n during_o his_o natural_a life_n and_o after_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n for_o ever_o hale_n of_o council_n with_o the_o plaintif_n make_v these_o question_n 1._o whether_o by_o the_o word_n of_o the_o will_v a_o fee-simple_n at_o the_o common_a law_n pass_v because_o there_o be_v a_o estate_n to_o richard_n for_o life_n and_o after_o
his_o promise_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o her_o come_n roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v if_o all_o the_o declaration_n be_v consider_v together_o here_o be_v a_o good_a consideration_n express_v for_o this_o be_v not_o like_a to_o the_o case_n of_o tender_a of_o money_n and_o the_o word_n obtulit_fw-la se_fw-la in_o maritagium_fw-la conjungi_fw-la shall_v be_v intend_v to_o the_o defendant_n himself_o consideration_n consideration_n and_o then_o he_o must_v needs_o have_v notice_n of_o her_o come_n thither_o d_o ve_z of_o counsel_n with_o the_o defendant_n take_v this_o exception_n that_o the_o plaintif_n in_o set_v forth_o her_o offer_n of_o marriage_n do_v not_o say_v tunc_fw-la et_fw-la ibidem_fw-la so_o there_o be_v neither_o place_n nor_o time_n set_v forth_o roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v it_o be_v after_o a_o verdict_n and_o you_o move_v this_o exception_n too_o late_o advantage_n advantage_n and_o you_o have_v now_o lose_v the_o advantage_n of_o take_v it_o if_o there_o be_v a_o sufficient_a notice_n it_o be_v well_o if_o not_o it_o be_v not_o good_a for_o there_o aught_o to_o be_v a_o notice_n for_o she_o may_v come_v to_o his_o house_n in_o private_a so_o that_o he_o can_v take_v notice_n of_o her_o come_n thither_o notice_n notice_n the_o question_n only_o be_v this_o whether_o notice_n be_v sufficient_o and_o necessary_o employ_v in_o the_o word_n obtulit_fw-la se_fw-la in_o maritagium_fw-la conjungi_fw-la curia_fw-la advisare_fw-la vult_fw-la postea_fw-la king_n against_o weeden_n pasch_fw-mi 1651._o banc._n sup_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n upon_o a_o verdict_n find_v for_o the_o plaintif_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n upon_o a_o assumpsit_fw-la bring_v by_o a_o administrator_n case_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n 2_o exception_n be_v take_v 1._o that_o the_o plaintif_n do_v not_o show_v his_o letter_n of_o administration_n and_o 2_o that_o there_o be_v no_o good_a consideration_n set_v forth_o to_o ground_n the_o assumpsit_fw-la upon_o for_o it_o be_v that_o the_o defendant_n do_v promise_v that_o if_o the_o plaintif_n will_v forbear_v to_o take_v his_o course_n for_o the_o money_n he_o will_v pay_v they_o which_o word_n be_v uncertain_a and_o he_o shall_v have_v say_v his_o course_n in_o law_n and_o not_o general_o his_o course_n roll_v chief_a justice_n to_o the_o 1_o answer_v it_o be_v not_o necessary_a here_o to_o show_v the_o letter_n of_o administration_n for_o they_o be_v but_o inducement_n to_o the_o action_n and_o not_o the_o ground_n of_o it_o and_o for_o the_o second_o exception_n the_o consideration_n be_v certain_o enough_o set_v forth_o consideration_n consideration_n although_o the_o latin_a be_v not_o very_o proper_a therefore_o let_v the_o plaintif_n have_v his_o judgement_n nisi_fw-la etc._n etc._n sawyer_n against_o russel_n pasc_n 1651._o banc._n sup_v sawyer_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o russel_n case_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n for_o take_v away_o certain_a cattle_n and_o obtain_v a_o verdict_n against_o the_o defendant_n the_o defendant_n move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n and_o take_v exception_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n declaration_n for_o the_o incertainty_n thereof_o the_o plaintif_a declare_v of_o a_o trover_n and_o conversion_n de_fw-fr ducentis_fw-la averiis_fw-la viz._n bobus_fw-la juvencis_fw-la anglice_fw-la steer_n juvencis_fw-la anglice_fw-la runt_n &_o juvencis_fw-la anglice_fw-la heifer_n which_o be_v uncertain_a and_o so_o judgement_n can_v be_v give_v for_o it_o be_v uncertain_a for_o what_o number_n of_o each_o of_o the_o steer_n runt_n and_o heifer_n judgement_n shall_v be_v give_v roll_v chief_a justice_n incline_v that_o it_o be_v certain_a enough_o averment_n averment_n and_o that_o the_o number_n may_v be_v aver_v and_o the_o cattle_n be_v all_o of_o one_o kind_n yet_o the_o court_n will_v advise_v afterward_o it_o be_v rule_v judicium_fw-la nisi_fw-la shedlock_n and_o la._n pere_n pasc_n 1651._o banc._n sup_v hill_n 1650._o rot_n 211._o in_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n bring_v to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n give_v in_o a_o inferior_a court_n the_o error_n assign_v be_v abatement_n error_n to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n in_o a_o interior_a court_n judgement_n error_n abatement_n that_o the_o judgement_n be_v quod_fw-la recuperare_fw-la debeat_fw-la whereas_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v recuperare_fw-la debet_fw-la roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v that_o if_o it_o be_v so_o there_o be_v no_o judgement_n give_v and_o so_o no_o writ_n of_o error_n lie_v therefore_o let_v the_o writ_n be_v abate_v for_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n suppose_v a_o judgement_n for_o the_o word_n of_o it_o be_v si_fw-fr judicium_fw-la redditum_fw-la sit_fw-la and_o in_o 3._o jacobi_fw-la in_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n the_o very_a case_n be_v adjudge_v so_o collins_n against_o sillye_o pasc_n 1651_o banc._n sup_v hill_n 1650._o rot_n 302._o the_o case_n be_v this_o year_n demurrer_n upon_o a_o entry_n upon_o lessee_n for_o year_n lessée_fw-fr for_o year_n by_o indenture_n covenant_n with_o the_o lessor_n that_o he_o will_v not_o assign_v over_o the_o land_n let_v nor_o any_o part_n thereof_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o lessor_n the_o lessor_n during_o the_o term_n enter_v into_o part_n of_o the_o land_n let_v the_o lessee_n assign_v over_o the_o remainder_n of_o his_o term_n in_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o land_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o lessor_n and_o the_o lessor_n thereupon_o bring_v a_o action_n of_o covenant_n against_o the_o lessee_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o it_o do_v lie_v in_o regard_n that_o the_o lessor_n have_v enter_v into_o part_n of_o the_o land_n covenant_n covenant_n roll_v chief_a justice_n hold_v that_o the_o covenant_n be_v collateral_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v break_v by_o the_o assignment_n notwithstanding_o the_o lessor_n entry_n into_o part_n of_o the_o land_n and_o the_o rule_n be_v judicium_fw-la nisi_fw-la custodes_fw-la against_o monger_n pasc_n 1651._o monger_n be_v indict_v for_o forge_v a_o presentment_n to_o a_o jury_n in_o a_o court_n hold_v before_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n presentment_n exception_n to_o the_o set_v forth_o of_o a_o presentment_n against_o monger_n for_o cast_v of_o 10_o load_n of_o soil_n into_o the_o thames_n exception_n be_v take_v that_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v by_o the_o endictment_n by_o what_o authority_n the_o court_n be_v hold_v where_o the_o presentment_n be_v find_v 2_o it_o be_v not_o aver_v that_o the_o presentment_n do_v present_v the_o cast_n in_o the_o soil_n to_o be_v any_o annoyance_n 3_o there_o do_v not_o appear_v to_o be_v any_o process_n in_o the_o case_n against_o the_o party_n upon_o the_o presentment_n to_o the_o first_o it_o be_v answer_v by_o council_n on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o show_v by_o what_o authority_n the_o court_n be_v hold_v for_o their_o authority_n be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o it_o be_v a_o public_a act_n to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o roll_v the_o chief_a justice_n answer_v that_o it_o be_v a_o private_a act_n make_v for_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o concern_v the_o lord_n maior_n though_o part_n of_o it_o be_v public_a statute_n statute_n for_o part_n of_o a_o act_n may_v be_v public_a and_o another_o part_n of_o it_o private_a and_o of_o that_o part_n which_o be_v private_a we_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o take_v notice_n and_o it_o be_v here_o say_v that_o in_o criminal_a cause_n error_n in_o proceed_n be_v not_o help_v by_o a_o verdict_n notice_n notice_n roll_n take_v a_o exception_n that_o the_o endictment_n be_v only_o contra_fw-la pacem_fw-la publicam_fw-la indictment_n jeofail_n indictment_n whereas_o at_o that_o time_n when_o it_o be_v prefer_v it_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v contra_fw-la pacem_fw-la nuper_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o contra_fw-la pacem_fw-la publicam_fw-la nunc_fw-la adjourn_v 23_o car_n in_o the_o king_n bench._n pasc_n 1650._o rot_n 414._o cremer_n plaintiff_n in_o a_o replevin_n burnet_n avowant_n in_o a_o replevin_n the_o plaintiff_n complain_v for_o the_o take_n of_o his_o cattle_n life_n whether_o a_o copyhold_n estate_n be_v extinct_a by_o the_o king_n lease_v it_o for_o life_n to_o wit_v a_o horse_n colt_n and_o three_o mare_n the_o 13_o of_o january_n 21_o car._n at_o chingford_n in_o the_o county_n of_o essex_n in_o a_o close_a there_o call_v piper_n down_o the_o defendant_n avow_v the_o take_n of_o the_o cattle_n in_o loco_fw-la quo_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o bailiff_n unto_o thomas_n boothbye_n as_o damage_v feasant_a in_o the_o close_a aforesaid_a be_v the_o soil_n and_o the_o freehold_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n boothby_n upon_o the_o plead_n the_o case_n appear_v to_o be_v as_o follow_v king_n henry_n the_o 8._o be_v seize_v in_o fee_n in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o crown_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o chingford_n comitis_fw-la in_o the_o county_n of_o essex_n of_o which_o manor_n a_o certain_a tenement_n call_v lormiers_n
alias_o heriot_n with_o the_o appurtenance_n whereof_o the_o say_v close_o call_v piper_n down_o be_v parcel_n which_o tenement_n and_o close_o be_v parcel_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o be_v then_o and_o have_v be_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n demise_v and_o demiseable_a in_o fee_n by_o copy_n of_o court_n roll_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n do_v build_v a_o new_a message_n upon_o the_o say_a tenement_n and_o do_v afterward_o by_o his_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n grant_v the_o office_n of_o keeper_n and_o keep_v of_o the_o say_a message_n to_o john_n gate_n for_o term_v of_o his_o life_n with_o all_o the_o land_n tenement_n etc._n etc._n thereto_o belong_v or_o adjacent_a and_o do_v also_o by_o the_o same_o letter_n patent_n give_v and_o grant_v unto_o the_o say_v john_n gate_n among_o other_o thing_n the_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o say_v new_o build_v message_n whereof_o the_o say_v close_o call_v piper_n down_o be_v part_n for_o term_n of_o his_o life_n for_o the_o exercise_v of_o the_o say_a office_n with_o a_o averment_n in_o the_o plea_n that_o before_o that_o time_n there_o be_v no_o such_o office_n of_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o say_a house_n and_o that_o the_o king_n do_v not_o know_v nor_o be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o grant_v inform_v that_o the_o say_a tenement_n and_o land_n whereof_o the_o say_v close_o be_v parcel_n be_v copyhold_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n after_o the_o grant_v make_v to_o john_n gate_n as_o aforesaid_a h._n the_o 8._o die_v seize_v of_o the_o say_a manor_n &_o of_o the_o reversion_n of_o the_o say_a message_n and_o close_a after_o the_o death_n of_o john_n gate_n and_o thereby_o ed._n the_o 6._o become_v sofâ—ed_v of_o they_o in_o like_a manner_n and_o from_o ed._n the_o 6._o they_o come_v to_o queen_n mary_n then_o john_n gate_n die_v and_o after_o his_o death_n queen_n mary_n enter_v upon_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o message_n whereof_o the_o say_v close_o be_v a_o parcel_n and_o afterward_o by_o her_o letter_n patent_n under_o her_o broad_a seal_n do_v grant_v the_o manor_n and_o message_n and_o premise_n unto_o susan_n tong_n and_o her_o heir_n for_o ever_o from_o susan_n tong_n by_o mean_a conveyance_n the_o say_a manor_n message_n and_o premise_n come_v to_o humphrey_n white_a and_o his_o heir_n and_o afterterwards_o humphrey_n white_a be_v seize_v thereof_o in_o fee_n do_v by_o his_o indenture_n of_o lease_n demise_n the_o say_a manor_n message_n and_o premise_n to_o leigh_n for_o 60._o year_n to_o begin_v from_o mich._n before_o the_o make_n of_o the_o indenture_n afterward_o humphrey_n white_n grant_v away_o the_o reversion_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n message_n &_o premise_n to_o sir_n john_n branch_n afterward_o sir_n john_n branch_n grant_v this_o reversion_n to_o udall_n udall_n grant_v it_o to_o bathurst_n and_o bathurst_n grant_v it_o to_o thomas_n boothby_n the_o ancestor_n of_o thomas_n boothby_n who_o bailie_n do_v here_o make_v the_o avowry_n afterward_o robert_n leigh_n who_o have_v the_o lease_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o premise_n as_o aforesaid_a for_o 60_o year_n devise_v the_o residue_n of_o this_o lease_n then_o unexpired_a by_o his_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n unto_o robert_n leigh_n his_o son_n and_o die_v robert_n lee_n the_o son_n be_v possess_v of_o the_o residue_n or_o remainder_n of_o this_o term_n for_o 60._o year_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o say_a will_n do_v at_o his_o court_n hold_v for_o the_o say_a manor_n of_o chingford_n grant_v the_o say_a message_n with_o the_o appurtenance_n and_o land_n thereunto_o belong_v whereof_o the_o say_v close_o be_v parcel_n unto_o edmund_n lee_n his_o brother_n to_o hold_v of_o the_o same_o manor_n in_o fee_n at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n by_o copy_n of_o court_n roll_n of_o that_o manor_n edmund_n lee_n be_v thereupon_o admit_v according_o afterward_o the_o say_a lease_n for_o 60._o year_n make_v by_o humphrey_n white_a unto_o robert_n leigh_n the_o father_n expire_v afterward_o thomas_n boothby_n who_o have_v the_o reversion_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o premise_n as_o abovesaid_a enter_v as_o in_o his_o reversion_n upon_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o premise_n and_o die_v seize_v thereof_o leave_v issue_n thomas_n boothby_n his_o son_n thomas_n boothby_n the_o son_n enter_v into_o the_o say_a manor_n and_o premise_n and_o claim_v the_o say_a message_n with_o the_o apurtenance_n with_o the_o land_n thereunto_o belong_v whereof_o the_o close_a call_v piper_n down_o be_v parcel_n and_o be_v grant_v by_o robert_n leigh_n unto_o edmund_n leigh_n by_o copy_n of_o court_n roll_n as_o aforesaid_a as_o parcel_n of_o the_o domain_v of_o the_o say_a manor_n of_o chingford_n and_o do_v deny_v it_o to_o be_v copyhold_n and_o to_o the_o intent_n to_o try_v the_o title_n thereof_o do_v by_o the_o avowant_n his_o bailiff_n distrein_o the_o cattle_n in_o the_o say_v close_o as_o damage_v feasant_a in_o his_o soil_n and_o freehold_n this_o case_n be_v argue_v first_o by_o arthur_n harris_n of_o lincoln_n inn_n who_o argue_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n viz._n he_o that_o bring_v the_o replevin_n and_o in_o his_o argument_n he_o make_v the_o general_a question_n in_o the_o case_n to_o be_v whether_o the_o close_a call_v piper_n down_o in_o which_o the_o distress_n be_v take_v be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o distress_n take_v demiseable_a by_o copy_n of_o court_n roll_n or_o whether_o the_o custom_n be_v not_o destroy_v and_o he_o hold_v it_o be_v demiseable_a and_o that_o the_o custom_n be_v not_o destroy_v and_o hereupon_o he_o make_v four_o question_n 1._o whether_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o new_a house_n to_o sr._n john_n gate_n per_fw-la nomen_fw-la officii_fw-la of_o keeper_n thereof_o be_v a_o good_a grant_n 2_o whether_o the_o king_n not_o be_v inform_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o grant_n that_o the_o house_n be_v copyhold_n tenure_n he_o be_v not_o deceive_v in_o his_o grant_n 3_o whether_o by_o this_o grant_v the_o custom_n be_v not_o destroy_v 4_o whether_o the_o king_n patentee_n have_v not_o the_o same_o privilege_n to_o grant_v this_o house_n etc._n etc._n again_o by_o copy_n of_o court_n roll_n after_o the_o death_n of_o sr._n john_n gate_n and_o as_o to_o the_o 1._o of_o these_o 4._o question_n he_o cite_v 8_o e._n 4._o by_o chock_n and_o 21_o e._n 4.79_o and_o mich_n 5_o car._n banc._n reg._n monsons_n case_n and_o pasc_n 14_o car._n banc._n reg._n messand_n and_o butterfields_n case_n and_o 5_o e._n 4._o f._n 8._o and_o dyer_n 269._o savage_n case_n to_o the_o second_o question_n he_o hold_v that_o the_o king_n be_v not_o here_o inform_v of_o his_o right_n and_o consequent_o he_o be_v deceive_v and_o therefore_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v prejudice_v by_o his_o grant_n which_o he_o shall_v be_v if_o he_o have_v not_o liberty_n to_o demise_n this_o house_n again_o by_o copy_n of_o court_n roll_n after_o the_o death_n of_o sr._n john_n gate_n and_o he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v two_o right_n in_o the_o king_n 1._o at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o 2_o a_o customary_a right_n and_o of_o this_o customary_a right_n or_o his_o jus_o concedendi_fw-la he_o be_v not_o inform_v and_o he_o cite_v these_o book_n 3_o h._n 7.10_o rep_v 49.8_o h._n 625_o br._n aid_n 45_o 4._o h._n 6.1_o 2_o r._n 3._o hunsons_n case_n and_o he_o say_v that_o the_o book_n of_o 5_o h._n 7._o f._n 1._o which_o be_v object_v be_v not_o to_o purpose_n for_o the_o protestation_n be_v not_o well_o take_v 19_o h._n 6._o a_o protestation_n be_v to_o supply_v a_o matter_n which_o be_v not_o so_o here_o 41_o e._n 3._o fitzh_n protest_v 9.22_o h._n 6.37_o br._n protestation_n 6._o plough_v coment_fw-fr gresbrooks_n and_o fox_n case_n and_o 20_o eliz._n burrell_n and_o holcrofts_n case_n 2_o the_o king_n be_v not_o inform_v here_o in_o his_o grant_n in_o matter_n in_o law_n as_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v and_o therefore_o his_o grant_n shall_v not_o turn_v to_o his_o prejudice_n 1_o rep_n 52.18_o h._n 8._o lovel_n case_n pasc_n 2_o eliz._n sr._n thomas_n moor_n case_n 1._o rep_n â—3_n 16_o jac._n needlers_n case_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o word_n ex_fw-la certa_fw-la scientia_fw-la in_o the_o patent_n do_v declare_v that_o the_o king_n be_v inform_v i_o answer_v that_o those_o word_n do_v intend_v no_o more_o but_o that_o the_o king_n be_v inform_v of_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o not_o of_o matter_n in_o law_n and_o the_o king_n grant_n shall_v only_o be_v take_v secundum_fw-la intentionem_fw-la and_o whereas_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o by_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o estate_n for_o life_n unto_o sr._n john_n gate_n the_o custom_n be_v destroy_v i_o answer_v that_o this_o be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o king_n it_o be_v a_o extraordinary_a case_n and_o not_o
be_v a_o judgement_n well_o give_v plea_n plea_n and_o it_o be_v too_o late_o to_o assign_v it_o for_o error_n but_o the_o court_n advise_v postea_fw-la kerman_n against_o johnson_n trin._n 1651._o banc._n sup_v trin._n 1649._o rot_n 153._o kerman_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n and_o ejectment_n against_o johnson_n ejectment_n special_a verdict_n in_o trespass_n and_o ejectment_n and_o upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n find_v the_o case_n be_v this_o a_o man_n devise_v to_o i._n s._n his_o whole_a estate_n pay_v his_o debt_n and_o legacy_n and_o die_v possess_v of_o good_n and_o chattel_n to_o the_o value_n of_o five_o pound_n only_o and_o die_v also_o seize_v in_o fee_n of_o divers_a land_n and_o be_v indebt_v forty_o pound_n at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o land_n pass_v by_o the_o devise_n barry_n of_o council_n with_o the_o plaintif_n argue_v that_o the_o land_n do_v pass_v because_o that_o will_n ought_v to_o receive_v a_o favourable_a construction_n and_o 2_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o testator_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v who_o by_o the_o word_n all_o his_o estate_n do_v mean_a to_o comprehend_v as_o well_o his_o land_n as_o his_o good_n and_o chattel_n for_o there_o be_v no_o restraint_n of_o the_o word_n here_o 7_o ed._n 3.10_o the_o word_n estate_n be_v a_o word_n of_o large_a extent_n and_o extend_v as_o well_o to_o the_o real_a as_o personal_a estate_n if_o it_o be_v in_o case_n of_o grant_n much_o more_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o will._n and_o there_o be_v another_o word_n use_v here_o to_o explain_v the_o testator_n meaning_n to_o be_v to_o devise_v his_o land_n as_o well_o as_o his_o good_n and_o that_o be_v the_o word_n all_o which_o comprehend_v all_o manner_n of_o estate_n without_o exception_n next_o if_o the_o land_n shall_v not_o pass_v his_o debt_n and_o legacy_n can_v be_v pay_v according_a to_o the_o express_a intent_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o party_n ought_v to_o be_v satisfy_v although_o the_o word_n be_v not_o proper_a because_o it_o be_v in_o a_o will_n though_o it_o may_v be_v other_o wise_a in_o a_o grant_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o jury_n find_v of_o the_o value_n of_o the_o debt_n and_o legacy_n be_v to_o no_o purpose_n because_o the_o will_n can_v be_v help_v by_o the_o averment_n of_o the_o jury._n i_o answer_v that_o averment_n if_o they_o stand_v with_o the_o will_n may_v be_v receive_v to_o make_v the_o testator_n intent_n to_o appear_v but_o beside_o this_o be_v not_o a_o averment_n only_o but_o a_o true_a state_v of_o the_o case_n to_o the_o intent_n to_o find_v out_o the_o testator_n meaning_n 3_o the_o devisee_fw-mi of_o the_o land_n be_v not_o make_v executor_n but_o trustee_n or_o devisee_n &_o this_o be_v since_o the_o statute_n of_o devise_n 32_o h._n 8._o the_o 2._o question_n be_v what_o estate_n the_o devisee_fw-mi have_v in_o the_o land_n &_o i_o conceive_v he_o have_v fee_n simple_a because_o he_o have_v all_o the_o estate_n which_o must_v be_v the_o large_a and_o that_o be_v fee-simple_n hob._n rep_v pl._n 280._o the_o word_n whole_a go_v both_o to_o the_o quantity_n and_o quality_n of_o a_o estate_n also_o and_o here_o the_o consideration_n that_o he_o be_v to_o pay_v all_o his_o debt_n and_o legacy_n be_v a_o good_a consideration_n to_o pass_v the_o fee-simple_n of_o his_o land_n and_o though_o there_o may_v be_v a_o surplusage_n after_o the_o debt_n and_o legacy_n pay_v this_o hinder_v nothing_o for_o it_o be_v his_o intent_n that_o the_o devisee_fw-mi shall_v have_v that_o surplusage_n and_o so_o he_o pray_v judgement_n for_o the_o plaintif_n twisden_n for_o the_o defendant_n argue_v that_o either_o nothing_o pass_v by_o the_o will_n or_o if_o any_o thing_n then_o only_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n pass_v he_o agree_v that_o improper_a word_n may_v sometime_o pais_fw-fr thing_n yet_o sometime_o proper_a word_n will_v not_o pass_v thing_n viz._n if_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o party_n appear_v to_o be_v contrary_a 24_o eliz_n in_o the_o earl_n of_o northumberland_n case_n a_o devise_n of_o all_o his_o jewel_n do_v not_o pass_v his_o collar_n of_o esses_n and_o his_o jewel_n annex_v to_o his_o parliament_n robe_n and_o the_o word_n here_o be_v not_o that_o he_o devise_v all_o his_o estate_n in_o his_o land_n but_o his_o whole_a estate_n general_o and_o if_o the_o word_n here_o shall_v pass_v the_o land_n yet_o the_o fee_n simple_a pass_v not_o but_o only_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n in_o the_o land_n which_o do_v pass_v nor_o do_v the_o word_n pay_v his_o debt_n and_o legacy_n cause_v the_o fee-simple_n to_o pass_v for_o here_o be_v no_o likelihood_n of_o any_o loss_n to_o the_o executor_n for_o the_o word_n be_v not_o that_o he_o shall_v pay_v all_o his_o debt_n and_o legacy_n and_o if_o he_o be_v a_o executor_n as_o the_o contrary_n appear_v not_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v charge_v with_o more_o than_o the_o personal_a estate_n will_v discharge_v the_o word_n do_v amount_v to_o a_o condition_n and_o it_o be_v not_o find_v that_o there_o be_v any_o debt_n or_o legacy_n pay_v and_o so_o it_o be_v not_o perform_v and_o the_o heir_n may_v well_o enter_v into_o the_o land_n in_o question_n for_o the_o condition_n break_v 2_o the_o verdict_n do_v not_o find_v how_o the_o land_n be_v hold_v whether_o in_o socage_n or_o by_o knight_n service_n and_o so_o it_o appear_v not_o whether_o they_o can_v be_v devise_v or_o no_o and_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v intend_v to_o be_v socage_n land_n dyer_n f._n 207._o hill_n 32_o el._n rot_v 2._o and_o pell_n and_o brown_n case_n 3_o it_o be_v not_o find_v that_o the_o testator_n die_v seize_v of_o the_o land_n as_o it_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v and_o he_o pray_v judgement_n for_o the_o defendant_n verdict_n special_a verdict_n roll._n chief_a justice_n to_o the_o second_o exception_n to_o the_o verdict_n answer_v that_o in_o a_o special_a verdict_n it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o find_v whether_o land_n be_v hold_v in_o sorage_n or_o by_o knight_n service_n and_o he_o say_v that_o the_o word_n in_o the_o will_v do_v go_v to_o the_o nature_n and_o extent_n of_o the_o estate_n as_o barry_n urge_v and_o he_o doubt_v how_o the_o verdict_n shall_v supply_v the_o will_n if_o it_o be_v defective_a for_o that_o be_v only_o to_o make_v the_o intent_n of_o the_o will_v certain_a adjourn_v to_o be_v argue_v again_o postea_fw-la marshal_n against_o ledsham_n trin._n 1651._o banc._n sup_v marshal_z as_o administrator_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n for_o rent_n debt_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o debt_n and_o upon_o a_o verdict_n find_v for_o the_o plaintif_a the_o defendant_n move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n and_o take_v exception_n that_o the_o plaintif_n have_v not_o show_v by_o who_o the_o letter_n of_o administration_n be_v grant_v unto_o he_o as_o he_o ought_v to_o do_v but_o only_o say_v that_o the_o administration_n debito_fw-la more_fw-it commissa_fw-la fuit_fw-la but_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v too_o late_o to_o move_v this_o exception_n after_o a_o verdict_n for_o the_o jury_n have_v now_o find_v that_o the_o administration_n be_v due_o grant_v and_o the_o letter_n of_o administration_n be_v produce_v in_o court_n and_o therefore_o not_o necessary_a to_o show_v who_o grant_v they_o declaration_n declaration_n and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o in_o a_o declaration_n it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o show_v by_o who_o letter_n of_o administration_n be_v grant_v or_o to_o say_v they_o be_v grant_v by_o he_o cui_fw-la pertinuit_fw-la or_o per_fw-la loci_fw-la illius_fw-la ordinarium_fw-la but_o in_o a_o plea_n in_o bar_n it_o be_v otherwise_o for_o this_o be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o action_n plea_n plea_n and_o effect_n of_o the_o suit_n but_o to_o show_v they_o have_v be_v in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n judicium_fw-la nisi_fw-la pro_fw-la quaerente_a be_v afterward_o give_v antea_fw-la giles_n against_o timberley_n trin._n 1651._o banc._n sup_v mich._n 1650._o rot_n 176._o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la vi_fw-la et_fw-la armis_fw-la be_v bring_v in_o the_o common_a plea_n firmae_fw-la error_n to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la and_o a_o judgement_n give_v for_o the_o plaintif_n upon_o a_o nihil_fw-la dicit_fw-la and_o in_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n bring_v in_o this_o court_n to_o reverse_v the_o judgement_n the_o error_n assign_v be_v in_o the_o judgement_n which_o be_v enter_v thus_o ideo_fw-la consideratum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la recuperet_fw-la and_o the_o word_n capiatur_fw-la be_v omit_v which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v because_o the_o action_n be_v a_o trespass_n vi_fw-la et_fw-la armis_fw-la roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v it_o be_v a_o ill_a course_n they_o use_v in_o the_o common_a plea_n to_o enter_v
heir_n and_o a_o authority_n can_v divest_v they_o out_o of_o he_o this_o be_v not_o like_a to_o the_o surrender_n of_o copyhold_n land_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o lord_n for_o such_o a_o surrender_n can_v be_v revoke_v but_o this_o authority_n may_v be_v revoke_v but_o which_o be_v more_o the_o verdict_n here_o do_v not_o find_v that_o the_o two_o attorney_n be_v customary_a tenant_n of_o the_o manor_n but_o only_o by_o way_n of_o recital_n which_o be_v not_o good_a for_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v find_v to_o direct_o nor_o do_v it_o appear_v that_o they_o be_v customary_a tenant_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o admittance_n of_o the_o party_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o possession_n or_o title_n find_v in_o the_o defendant_n and_o so_o the_o plaintif_n have_v primer_n possession_n the_o defendant_n be_v culpable_a neither_o be_v it_o find_v that_o the_o customary_a tenant_n who_o give_v this_o authority_n have_v a_o estate_n in_o fee-simple_n in_o the_o land_n and_o if_o he_o have_v but_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n he_o can_v not_o make_v such_o a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n neither_o be_v the_o authority_n give_v warrant_v by_o the_o custom_n and_o so_o he_o pray_v judgement_n for_o the_o plaintif_n wilmot_n for_o the_o defendant_n as_o to_o the_o authority_n he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v good_a and_o do_v well_o enough_o survive_v the_o party_n that_o give_v it_o because_o it_o be_v support_v with_o a_o special_a direction_n from_o the_o party_n that_o give_v it_o 1_o h._n 7.8_o and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o a_o executor_n may_v sell_v land_n of_o the_o testator_n after_o his_o death_n viz._n because_o his_o authority_n be_v so_o support_v 21_o e._n 4._o f._n 8._o 31_o e._n 1._o fitz._n grant_n 45._o and_o here_o in_o our_o case_n the_o heir_n have_v neglect_v his_o advantage_n and_o therefore_o shall_v not_o now_o be_v admit_v to_o take_v it_o but_o beside_o the_o authority_n here_o give_v be_v more_o than_o a_o bare_a authority_n for_o it_o be_v back_v with_o the_o circumstance_n of_o time_n person_n and_o of_o a_o custom_n which_o be_v not_o of_o a_o slight_a esteem_n in_o law_n and_o by_o such_o a_o custom_n which_o be_v very_o reasonable_a for_o it_o be_v but_o to_o enable_v the_o party_n to_o dispose_v of_o his_o own_o land_n and_o far_o more_o unreasonable_a custom_n than_o this_o be_v allow_v in_o our_o law_n as_o that_o in_o kent_n for_o a_o infant_n of_o 15_o year_n of_o age_n to_o have_v power_n to_o sell_v his_o land_n neither_o be_v this_o custom_n contrary_a to_o any_o positive_a rule_n of_o law_n for_o it_o be_v here_o to_o create_v the_o authority_n to_o begin_v after_o the_o party_n death_n that_o create_v it_o and_o so_o it_o be_v not_o to_o determine_v with_o his_o death_n for_o till_o then_o it_o begin_v not_o and_o the_o custom_n here_o be_v but_o to_o alien_a land_n which_o be_v no_o strange_a thing_n and_o this_o custom_n extend_v but_o within_o the_o manor_n which_o be_v but_o to_o a_o small_a compass_n of_o ground_n and_o so_o the_o public_a be_v not_o much_o concern_v in_o it_o and_o the_o case_n of_o 17_o car._n in_o this_o court_n bambridge_n and_o whaddons_n case_n differ_v from_o our_o case_n for_o that_o be_v not_o support_v with_o a_o custom_n as_o this_o be_v and_o it_o do_v appear_v by_o the_o record_n that_o dalby_n the_o attorney_n be_v a_o customary_a tenant_n and_o the_o admission_n be_v also_o find_v by_o the_o verdict_n to_o be_v secundum_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la manerii_fw-la and_o so_o that_o be_v well_o enough_o and_o then_o one_o can_v gain_v a_o copyhold_n estate_n by_o disseisin_n and_o so_o no_o primer_n seisin_n shall_v be_v intend_v as_o be_v urge_v on_o the_o other_o side_n and_o it_o be_v also_o find_v that_o the_o copyholder_n be_v seize_v roll_v chief_a justice_n it_o will_v be_v a_o hard_a matter_n to_o maintain_v the_o custom_n custom_n custom_n if_o it_o be_v not_o find_v that_o the_o copyholder_n be_v seize_v in_o fee_n of_o the_o copyhold_n land_n 2_o it_o be_v not_o here_o find_v that_o the_o land_n be_v demisable_v according_a to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o so_o it_o may_v be_v free_a land_n and_o then_o the_o custom_n do_v not_o extend_v unto_o it_o nor_o be_v it_o find_v that_o the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o letter_n of_o attorney_n be_v make_v be_v copyhold_n tenant_n disseisin_n disseisin_n and_o the_o primer_n possession_n will_v make_v a_o disseisin_n here_o by_o the_o defendant_n if_o the_o custom_n be_v notwell_a find_v and_o so_o judgement_n must_v be_v for_o the_o plaintif_n devise_n devise_n and_o i_o can_v see_v how_o the_o custom_n can_v be_v good_a it_o be_v against_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n surrender_v surrender_v a_o man_n can_v devise_v copyhold_n land_n and_o this_o case_n be_v worse_a but_o he_o may_v surrender_v to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o last_o will._n if_o you_o will_v not_o consent_v to_o a_o new_a trial_n we_o will_v advise_v for_o it_o be_v a_o hard_a case_n and_o my_o brother_n have_v not_o be_v attend_v with_o book_n mich._n follow_v judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintif_a nisi_fw-la it_o be_v move_v again_o and_o the_o court_n will_v advise_v postea_fw-la bachelor_n against_o parson_n trin._n 1651_o banc._n sup_v mich._n 1652._o rot_n 381._o bachelor_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n give_v against_o he_o for_o parson_n in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n in_o the_o common_a plea_n and_o the_o error_n assign_v be_v debt_n error_n to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n in_o debt_n that_o there_o be_v two_o declaration_n in_o the_o record_n one_o in_o the_o emparlance_n roll_n the_o other_o in_o the_o plea_n roll_n and_o the_o original_a certify_v upon_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n do_v not_o warrant_v the_o first_o declaration_n for_o it_o be_v file_v after_o it_o hales_v answer_v that_o the_o record_n be_v good_a enough_o if_o the_o original_a dowarrant_v the_o last_o declaration_n for_o this_o be_v the_o common_a course_n use_v in_o the_o common_a plea_n as_o the_o clark_n there_o do_v inform_v i_o &_o there_o be_v many_o case_n like_o this_o in_o the_o common_a pleas._n wild_a of_o council_n on_o the_o other_o side_n answer_v that_o this_o be_v a_o strange_a course_n for_o they_o ought_v first_o to_o file_n the_o original_a because_o it_o be_v the_o beginning_n and_o groundwork_n of_o the_o suit_n and_o it_o not_o be_v so_o do_v here_o the_o judgement_n be_v give_v without_o a_o original_a &_o this_o be_v a_o judgement_n by_o default_n and_o the_o imparlance_n be_v part_n of_o the_o suit_n roll_v chief_a justice_n certiorari_fw-la imparlance_n intendment_n certiorari_fw-la the_o imparlance_n roll_n be_v the_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o suit_n and_o to_o confound_v thing_n by_o intendment_n that_o the_o imparlance_n may_v be_v touch_v another_o suit_n be_v not_o good_a and_o it_o matter_n not_o what_o the_o custom_n be_v in_o the_o common_a plea_n if_o it_o be_v against_o law_n and_o both_o roll_n ought_v to_o be_v certify_v here_o jerman_n justice_n ad_fw-la idem_fw-la roll_v chief_a justice_n all_o the_o record_n in_o the_o common_a plea_n which_o be_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o chief_a justice_n there_o aught_o to_o be_v certify_v by_o he_o upon_o the_o retorn_a of_o the_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o here_o the_o imparlance_n roll_n be_v in_o his_o custody_n and_o therefore_o he_o ought_v to_o certify_v it_o and_o if_o there_o be_v two_o writ_n of_o error_n error_n error_n and_o one_o be_v good_a and_o the_o other_o naught_o we_o will_v take_v the_o best_a to_o affirm_v the_o judgement_n the_o original_a ought_v not_o to_o be_v fit_v to_o the_o declaration_n but_o the_o declaration_n to_o the_o original_a because_o the_o original_a be_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o suit_n and_o therefore_o the_o course_n use_v in_o the_o common_a plea_n be_v a_o preposterous_a course_n original_a original_a viz._n to_o declare_v against_o the_o defendant_n and_o after_o to_o file_v a_o original_n against_o he_o to_o warrant_v the_o declaration_n it_o be_v here_o certify_v to_o be_v one_o record_n and_o how_o can_v we_o take_v the_o emparlance_n roll_v to_o be_v part_n of_o the_o record_n it_o be_v not_o certyfy_v with_o it_o and_o if_o there_o be_v variance_n between_o the_o emparlance_n roll_n and_o the_o plea_n roll_n variance_n variance_n it_o be_v error_n we_o will_v advise_v but_o we_o must_v not_o suffer_v new_a way_n yet_o we_o be_v loath_a notwithstanding_o to_o reverse_v judgement_n give_v in_o the_o common_a plea_n therefore_o show_v cause_n next_o term_n why_o the_o judgement_n shall_v not_o be_v reverse_v kirman_n against_o johnson_n trin._n 1651._o banc._n sup_v in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la bring_v by_o kirman_n against_o johnson_n a_o special_a verdict_n be_v find_v
and_o that_o by_o the_o will_v the_o land_n and_o personal_a estate_n pass_v unto_o he_o for_o he_o say_v if_o by_o my_o will_n i_o make_v one_o my_o heir_n this_o be_v a_o devise_n to_o he_o of_o all_o my_o land_n in_o fee_n for_o the_o devisee_fw-mi be_v put_v in_o loco_fw-la haeredis_fw-la and_o shall_v be_v like_o a_o heir_n by_o descent_n for_o he_o be_v haeres_fw-la factus_fw-la although_o he_o be_v not_o haeres_fw-la natus_fw-la mich._n 31_o &_o 32_o eliz._n rot_v 235_o godfrey_n report_n hob._n rep_v f._n 34._o b._n coundens_fw-la case_n hob._n new_a edition_n 75._o spark_n against_o burrell_n the_o very_a case_n in_o point_n adjudge_v 7_o e._n 6._o br._n do_v 44._o and_o devise_v 48._o and_o in_o this_o case_n the_o devisee_n have_v annuity_n to_o pay_v and_o money_n for_o legacy_n which_o show_v the_o intent_n of_o the_o testator_n to_o be_v that_o he_o shall_v have_v his_o land_n and_o good_n neither_o shall_v the_o misspel_v of_o the_o word_n heir_n hurt_v the_o will_n for_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o testator_n shall_v be_v follow_v if_o it_o may_v be_v know_v as_o it_o may_v well_o be_v here_o hob._n f._n 32.15_o h._n 7._o f._n 12._o cook_n lit._n f._n 323._o dyer_n 325._o 2ly_n misname_v in_o a_o will_n shall_v not_o hurt_v the_o will_n dyer_n 323.21_o rich._n 2._o fitzh_n devise_v 27.10_o rep_v 57_o 3ly_n false_a latin_a shall_v not_o destroy_v deed_n nor_o plead_n though_o it_o will_v abate_v writ_n a_o fortiori_fw-la false_a english_a shall_v not_o destroy_v a_o will_n 9_o h._n 7.16.10_o rep_v osborn_v case_n hob._n 227.10_o rep_v 133._o a._n 9_o h._n 6.7_o a._n and_o here_o be_v only_o vitium_fw-la scriptoriâ—_fw-la and_o that_o can_v destroy_v a_o will_n hob._n f._n 162._o walker_n case_n f._n 104_o &_o 104.9_o rep_v 48._o a._n dyer_n 17_o eliz._n f._n 342._o digbye_n case_n another_o reason_n be_v the_o word_n heir_n be_v here_o write_v according_a to_o the_o pronunciation_n and_o sound_v of_o the_o word_n though_o it_o agree_v not_o in_o letter_n and_o h._n that_o be_v leave_v out_o be_v no_o letter_n but_o a_o asperte_a note_n and_o the_o language_n in_o england_n as_o it_o differ_v in_o time_n so_o it_o differ_v in_o place_n for_o man_n speak_v not_o nor_o write_v english_z in_o all_o part_n of_o england_n alike_o and_o a_o will_n in_o latin_a or_o greek_n be_v a_o good_a will_n within_o the_o statute_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a for_o a_o will_v to_o be_v good_a english_a and_o the_o testator_n be_v breed_v in_o france_n and_o can_v neither_o write_v nor_o speak_v good_a english_a and_o his_o will_n so_o much_o the_o rather_o be_v to_o be_v favour_v and_o false_a english_a have_v be_v allow_v in_o a_o bond_n viz._n senteen_fw-mi for_o seventeen_o pound_n 9_o rep_n 48._o a._n much_o more_o may_v it_o be_v in_o a_o will_n and_o so_o he_o pray_v judgement_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n latch_n for_o the_o defendant_n argue_v that_o the_o will_n be_v not_o good_a he_o consider_v 2._o point_n 1._o when_o a_o man_n make_v one_o his_o solle_a ayeare_n and_o yexecutor_n what_o construction_n the_o word_n shall_v have_v 2_o what_o estate_n be_v convey_v by_o they_o and_o first_o he_o say_v that_o hoberts_n case_n cite_v by_o powis_n be_v not_o to_o the_o purpose_n 1._o because_o it_o be_v not_o the_o principal_a case_n and_o 2_o it_o be_v but_o a_o opinion_n there_o and_o a_o heir_n may_v be_v without_o land_n and_o for_o counden_a and_o clark_n case_n that_o be_v cite_v as_o it_o be_v urge_v it_o be_v for_o i_o and_o not_o against_o i_o and_o there_o can_v be_v no_o authority_n cite_v that_o if_o one_o make_v a_o man_n his_o heir_n that_o his_o land_n be_v thereby_o convey_v to_o he_o in_o fee_n simple_a but_o in_o our_o case_n there_o can_v be_v no_o certain_a intent_n of_o the_o testator_n find_v out_o and_o the_o make_n of_o one_o his_o heir_n in_o france_n where_o the_o testator_n be_v breed_v according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n there_o use_v be_v but_o to_o make_v he_o his_o executor_n and_o so_o the_o testator_n may_v mean_v it_o and_o if_o one_o in_o his_o will_v say_v i_o make_v one_o of_o my_o daughter_n my_o heir_n and_o do_v not_o say_v of_o his_o land_n this_o shall_v not_o disinherit_v the_o other_o daughter_n and_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v any_o estate_n convey_v here_o it_o can_v be_v but_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n brook_z do_v 44.8_o jac._n c._n b._n inkersall_n case_n 3_o the_o ill_a orthogrophy_n here_o make_v the_o will_n naught_o for_o a_o will_n can_v be_v make_v good_a by_o conjecture_n hob._n 34._o mich._n 23_o car._n robinson_n case_n the_o judgement_n be_v reverse_v for_o write_v the_o word_n aeris_fw-la instead_o of_o aeris_fw-la with_o a_o dipthongue_n trin._n 17_o car._n c._n b._n rot_v 74._o and_o in_o skirret_n and_o skinner_n case_n libis_fw-la with_o a_o dash_n over_o put_v for_o libris_fw-la be_v adjudge_v ill_o and_o in_o our_o case_n here_o be_v divers_a word_n miswritten_a and_o for_o the_o variation_n of_o our_o english_a dialect_n which_o be_v object_v it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n because_o this_o will_n be_v late_o make_v &_o the_o dialect_n alter_v not_o in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n and_o the_o dialect_n of_o the_o county_n where_o the_o will_n be_v make_v viz._n gloucester_n shire_n agree_v not_o with_o the_o will._n and_o hill_n 6._o car._n this_o will_n come_v in_o dispute_n in_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n and_o a_o decree_n there_o pass_v against_o the_o will_n in_o this_o point_n the_o court_n say_v the_o case_n be_v doubtful_a will._n will._n because_o the_o will_n do_v not_o say_v i_o make_v he_o heir_n of_o my_o land_n but_o general_o my_o heir_n and_o executor_n but_o the_o false_a writing_n hurt_v not_o a_o will_n if_o the_o testator_n mind_n may_v be_v find_v out_o adjourn_v to_o be_v argue_v again_o wood_n against_o topham_n mich._n 1651_o banc._n sup_v wood_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n upon_o the_o case_n quare_fw-la filium_fw-la &_o baeredem_fw-la rapuit_fw-la et_fw-la maritavit_fw-la against_o topham_n case_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n on_o the_o case_n upon_o not_o guilty_a plead_v and_o a_o verdidict_n find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n the_o defendant_n move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n and_o take_v these_o exception_n to_o the_o declaration_n 1._o that_o the_o plaintiff_n do_v not_o say_v cujus_fw-la maritagium_fw-la ad_fw-la ipsum_fw-la pertinet_fw-la 2_o that_o he_o do_v not_o say_v that_o the_o heir_n be_v within_o age_n and_o maynard_n of_o council_n with_o the_o defendant_n say_v that_o the_o exception_n be_v not_o to_o the_o writ_n but_o to_o the_o declaration_n and_o the_o action_n be_v a_o trespass_n to_o recover_v the_o damage_n the_o plaintiff_n ought_v to_o entitle_v himself_o to_o the_o marriage_n for_o the_o loss_n whereof_o he_o will_v recover_v damage_n for_o the_o heir_n it_o may_v be_v be_v not_o heir_n apparent_a to_o he_o and_o then_o be_v no_o marriage_n due_a to_o he_o and_o here_o be_v a_o special_a declaration_n for_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o marriage_n roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v declaration_n writ_n declaration_n the_o writ_n be_v good_a both_o way_n and_o so_o may_v the_o declaration_n be_v either_o with_o those_o word_n or_o without_o they_o and_o he_o make_v not_o the_o ground_n of_o his_o action_n to_o be_v that_o the_o marriage_n belong_v to_o he_o right_n common_a right_n but_o of_o common_a right_n it_o do_v belong_v to_o he_o and_o the_o word_n be_v use_v to_o be_v allege_v only_o to_o increase_v the_o damage_n and_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o declaration_n be_v only_o quare_fw-la filium_fw-la suum_fw-la &_o haeredem_fw-la rapuit_fw-la and_o for_o this_o the_o plaintiff_n ought_v to_o have_v his_o judgement_n jerman_n justice_n differ_v and_o say_v the_o plaintiff_n do_v not_o show_v he_o have_v any_o damage_n by_o the_o marriage_n &_o it_o may_v be_v that_o he_o have_v be_v marry_v before_o or_o be_v of_o full_a age_n &_o so_o no_o cause_n of_o action_n nicholas_n justice_n as_o roll_n and_o say_v that_o by_o the_o law_n the_o marriage_n belong_v to_o the_o father_n and_o it_o may_v prove_v a_o dishonour_n to_o the_o family_n to_o have_v his_o son_n take_v away_o and_o marry_v without_o the_o father_n consent_n ask_v justice_n to_o the_o â—ams_n effect_n and_o so_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n nisi_fw-la antea_fw-la mich._n 1651._o banc._n sup_v the_o court_n be_v move_v to_o mitigate_v fine_n riot_n motion_n to_o mitigate_v fine_n for_o riot_n that_o be_v to_o be_v set_v upon_o rioter_n that_o be_v find_v guilty_a upon_o a_o information_n exhibit_v against_o they_o for_o the_o riotous_a cut_v down_o of_o wood_n but_o wild_a on_o the_o other_o side_n pray_v there_o may_v be_v good_a fine_n set_v
the_o arbitrator_n have_v all_o of_o it_o to_o agree_v in_o and_o till_o it_o be_v end_v the_o umpire_n have_v no_o power_n at_o all_o otherwise_o the_o submission_n will_v be_v repugnant_a in_o itself_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o judge_n concur_v in_o all_o and_o so_o rule_v that_o the_o plaintif_a all_o capiat_fw-la per_fw-la billam_fw-la nisi_fw-la theoball_n against_o newton_n mich._n 1651._o banc._n sup_v one_o be_v sue_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o inmate_n and_o the_o distringas_fw-la jurata_fw-la bare_a date_n on_o a_o sunday_n and_o out_o of_o term_n and_o so_o be_v erroneous_a the_o question_n here_o be_v whether_o it_o be_v not_o help_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o jeofail_n of_o 18_o eliz._n and_o 21_o jac._n roll_v chief_a justice_n hold_v jeofail_n jeofail_n that_o the_o statute_n extend_v not_o to_o penal_a law_n although_o it_o be_v ambiguous_o pen_v nor_o to_o any_o process_n ground_v upon_o they_o for_o the_o proviso_n exempt_v the_o original_a action_n and_o by_o consequence_n all_o process_n depend_v upon_o it_o be_v except_v novo_fw-la venire_fw-la de_fw-la novo_fw-la so_o that_o here_o be_v no_o good_a trial_n but_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o venire_fw-la de_fw-fr novo_fw-la nisi_fw-la tailor_n and_o webb_n mich._n 1651._o banc._n sup_v the_o case_n of_o tailor_n and_o webb_n which_o arise_v upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n upon_o these_o word_n of_o will_n will._n special_a verdict_n upon_o the_o word_n of_o a_o will._n viz._n i_o make_v my_o cousin_n giles_n bridges_n my_o soll_n ayere_o and_o yexecutor_n be_v again_o move_v and_o argue_v by_o hales_n and_o he_o make_v three_o question_n 1._o whether_o any_o estate_n pass_v by_o the_o word_n of_o the_o will_n 2_o if_o any_o what_o estate_n pass_v 3_o whether_o the_o false_a orthography_n do_v hurt_v the_o will._n for_o the_o first_o he_o say_v that_o by_o make_v one_o his_o sole_a heir_n his_o land_n pass_v to_o he_o the_o word_n heir_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v either_o in_o relation_n to_o a_o ancestor_n and_o so_o one_o can_v make_v one_o his_o heir_n or_o it_o may_v be_v consider_v in_o relation_n to_o a_o thing_n to_o be_v inherit_v to_o wit_n land_n or_o tenement_n and_o so_o one_o may_v make_v another_o his_o heir_n and_o thus_o a_o custom_n may_v make_v one_o a_o man_n heir_n as_o it_o be_v in_o borough_n english_a and_o a_o accident_n may_v thus_o also_o make_v one_o a_o man_n heir_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o possessio_fw-la fratris_fw-la coundens_fw-la case_n hob._n rep._n case_n 947._o and_o here_o it_o be_v all_o one_o to_o make_v one_o his_o heir_n and_o to_o make_v hint_n heir_n of_o hisland_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v first_o the_o word_n heir_n here_o can_v have_v any_o other_o relation_n than_o to_o the_o testator_n land_n for_o he_o can_v make_v he_o his_o heir_n otherwise_o and_o the_o word_n may_v be_v more_o reasonable_o intend_v so_o 2_o the_o word_n carry_v in_o they_o the_o plain_a intention_n of_o the_o devisor_n that_o the_o party_n shall_v have_v his_o land_n although_o the_o word_n be_v not_o very_o proper_a â—_o h._n 7._o a_o devise_n of_o land_n to_o his_o son_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o wife_n pass_v a_o estate_n for_o life_n to_o the_o wife_n although_o no_o such_o estate_n be_v express_v in_o the_o will_n so_o here_o although_o no_o express_a estate_n of_o land_n be_v devise_v yet_o the_o devisee_fw-mi shall_v have_v the_o land_n by_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o devisor_n 3_o in_o ordinary_a speech_n if_o one_o make_v such_o a_o one_o his_o heir_n it_o be_v intend_v that_o he_o give_v he_o his_o land_n 8_o car._n in_o the_o c._n b._n in_o spirt_v and_o bents_z case_n a_o devise_n of_o his_o inheritance_n be_v hold_v a_o devise_n of_o his_o land_n and_o trin._n 3._o jac._n in_o terryes_n case_n a_o devise_n of_o all_o his_o rent_n in_o tail_n pass_v his_o land_n because_o in_o vulgar_a acceptance_n it_o be_v the_o rent_n of_o land_n and_o in_o pit_n and_o sand_n case_n in_o this_o court_n a_o devise_n of_o all_o his_o free_a land_n in_o holford_n do_v pass_v a_o portion_n of_o tithe_n and_o in_o the_o case_n of_o one_o johnson_n a_o devise_n of_o all_o his_o estate_n pass_v all_o his_o land_n and_o the_o word_n can_v bear_v the_o fence_n to_o make_v he_o executor_n according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o have_v be_v object_v for_o the_o will_n shall_v be_v intend_v as_o it_o be_v to_o be_v a_o english_a man_n will_n and_o so_o the_o word_n heir_n in_o it_o shall_v he_o interpret_v according_a to_o out_o law_n and_o not_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o even_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n to_o make_v one_o his_o heir_n do_v convey_v unto_o he_o all_o his_o land_n for_o he_o be_v haeres_fw-la testamentarius_fw-la although_o not_o haeres_fw-la legitimus_fw-la and_o in_o this_o will_v here_o be_v two_o expression_n for_o the_o party_n be_v make_v heir_n and_o executor_n which_o two_o word_n can_v signify_v one_o thing_n for_o that_o will_v be_v a_o idle_a expression_n 4_o there_o be_v some_o clause_n in_o the_o will_n which_o show_v the_o intent_n of_o the_o testator_n be_v to_o convey_v his_o land_n if_o it_o be_v needful_a to_o make_v use_n of_o they_o 1._o there_o be_v several_a annuity_n for_o the_o devisee_fw-mi to_o pay_v 2_o he_o direct_v he_o where_o the_o conveyance_n and_o assurance_n of_o his_o land_n be_v lay_v up_o which_o plain_o show_v he_o mean_v he_o shall_v have_v his_o land_n 3_o the_o word_n heir_n and_o executor_n be_v join_v together_o to_o show_v that_o he_o give_v he_o all_o his_o land_n and_o good_n else_o one_o of_o the_o word_n must_v be_v imperfect_a and_o ineffectual_a which_o shall_v not_o be_v intend_v for_o authority_n 7_o e._n 6._o br._n devise_v 38._o by_o devise_v that_o one_o son_n shall_v be_v heir_n to_o the_o other_o it_o shall_v be_v intend_v of_o land_n so_o in_o construction_n of_o law_n it_o shall_v be_v here_o intend_v that_o the_o devisor_n make_v he_o heir_n of_o his_o land_n hob._n report_n in_o sparkes_n and_o burnell_n case_n william_n and_o anthony_n shall_v be_v each_o other_o heir_n and_o it_o be_v not_o say_v of_o land_n yet_o adjudge_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v so_o mean_v and_o so_o be_v it_o in_o our_o case_n and_o if_o i_o have_v land_n in_o see_v simple_a and_o make_v one_o my_o heir_n it_o shall_v be_v intend_v that_o he_o shall_v have_v my_o land_n in_o see_v simple_a although_o i_o say_v not_o that_o i_o make_v he_o heir_n of_o my_o land_n for_o the_o second_o question_n the_o reason_n before_o express_v do_v also_o show_v that_o the_o land_n be_v pass_v in_o fee_n as_o it_o be_v in_o purnell_n and_o hambletons_n case_n for_o the_o word_n heir_n shall_v relate_v to_o the_o same_o estate_n that_o the_o party_n have_v in_o the_o land_n who_o make_v the_o other_o his_o heir_n 8_o jac._n inkersal_n case_n for_o the_o 3d_o point_n whether_o here_o shall_v be_v any_o good_a devise_n at_o all_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o false_a english_a he_o say_v it_o be_v all_o one_o and_o to_o as_o good_a effect_n as_o if_o the_o word_n be_v all_o true_a english_a and_o neither_o the_o incongruity_n nor_o the_o insufficiency_n of_o the_o word_n shall_v hurt_v the_o will_n as_o it_o be_v pretend_v for_o 1._o this_o be_v not_o in_o case_n of_o plead_v or_o of_o writ_n but_o in_o conveyance_n of_o land_n it_o be_v true_a that_o in_o the_o former_a it_o do_v hurt_v because_o writ_n and_o plead_n may_v be_v amend_v if_o they_o be_v naught_o but_o it_o be_v fatal_a in_o conveyance_n for_o they_o can_v be_v amend_v as_o in_o trotman_n and_o standard_n case_n trin._n 1651._o in_o this_o court_n it_o be_v hold_v that_o impropriety_n of_o word_n shall_v not_o hurt_v it_o they_o can_v admit_v of_o a_o good_a construction_n desinet_fw-la in_o piscem_fw-la mulier_fw-la formosa_fw-la superne_fw-la 2_o this_o be_v in_o a_o will_n which_o be_v such_o a_o instrument_n that_o be_v much_o favour_v in_o law_n and_o therefore_o to_o be_v favourable_o construe_v 3_o this_o be_v a_o english_a will_n and_o admit_v of_o much_o variety_n of_o dialect_n and_o therefore_o be_v not_o to_o be_v critical_o interpret_v neither_o be_v there_o here_o any_o insignificant_a or_o missignificant_a word_n as_o have_v be_v object_v but_o significant_a for_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o word_n as_o it_o be_v write_v be_v the_o same_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v right_o spell_v for_o air_n and_o heir_n sound_a both_o alike_o as_o in_o 3_o h._n 4._o f._n 4_o baxter_n and_o baxster_n sound_v alike_o 2_o if_o the_o word_n heir_n may_v receive_v any_o other_o sense_n yet_o it_o can_v do_v so_o here_o because_o there_o be_v other_o word_n join_v to_o it_o to_o declare_v and_o signify_v that_o the_o
court_n twisden_n on_o the_o other_o side_n confess_v the_o book_n be_v so_o but_o here_o the_o battery_n be_v not_o apparent_a and_o the_o wound_n be_v internal_a and_o not_o to_o be_v view_v by_o the_o court._n roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v 3_o thing_n be_v considerable_a 1._o whether_o the_o court_n can_v increase_v the_o damage_n 2_o whether_o the_o wound_n be_v apparent_a and_o 3_o whether_o the_o damage_n give_v be_v too_o small_a the_o court_n upon_o view_n of_o the_o party_n and_o examination_n of_o surgeon_n and_o witness_n on_o both_o side_n upon_o oath_n do_v conclude_v that_o they_o may_v increase_v the_o damage_n and_o that_o the_o wound_n be_v apparent_a and_o that_o the_o damage_n be_v too_o small_a and_o therefore_o they_o increase_v they_o to_o 400_o l._n and_o say_v they_o will_v not_o increase_v they_o more_o because_o they_o can_v not_o inquire_v into_o all_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o fact_n as_o the_o jury_n may_v but_o they_o think_v fit_v to_o increase_v they_o in_o some_o proportion_n because_o the_o offence_n be_v great_a and_o such_o outrageous_a act_n be_v not_o to_o be_v slight_o punish_v wallis_n against_o bucknal_n hill_n 1651._o banc._n sup_v upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n find_v in_o a_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la the_o case_n sell_v out_o to_o be_v this_o firmse_n special_a verdict_n in_o a_o ejectione_n firmse_n a_o copyholder_n of_o inheritance_n make_v a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n to_o two_o joint_o and_o several_o to_o surrender_v his_o copyhold_n land_n in_o fee_n to_o certain_a use_n after_o his_o death_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o manor_n the_o question_n make_v by_o ellis_n of_o council_n with_o the_o plaintif_n be_v whether_o the_o custom_n be_v good_a or_o not_o &_o he_o argue_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o good_a custom_n in_o sir_n john_n davis_n report_v it_o be_v say_v a_o custom_n must_v be_v reasonable_a and_o a_o custom_n may_v be_v reasonable_a when_o it_o be_v but_o against_o a_o particular_a law_n and_o not_o a_o general_a law_n but_o the_o custom_n here_o thus_o to_o convey_v land_n be_v against_o a_o general_n law_n particular_a custom_n may_v be_v against_o public_a interest_n pro_fw-la bono_fw-mi public_a but_o if_o they_o be_v not_o as_o in_o our_o case_n they_o be_v not_o they_o be_v not_o good_a publico_fw-la pro_fw-la bono_fw-mi publico_fw-la next_o a_o authority_n give_v aught_o to_o be_v countermandable_a and_o to_o determine_v at_o the_o death_n of_o the_o party_n but_o this_o be_v not_o so_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o good_a authority_n 19_o e._n 3._o f._n 5._o 2ly_n none_o can_v give_v a_o authority_n to_o another_o to_o do_v a_o thing_n which_o he_o can_v not_o do_v himself_o but_o here_o it_o be_v otherwise_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o a_o good_a authority_n 3_o by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o copyholder_n the_o land_n be_v settle_v in_o the_o heir_n and_o this_o authority_n give_v shall_v not_o divest_v they_o and_o this_o be_v not_o like_o the_o surrender_n of_o land_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o lord_n for_o a_o surrender_n can_v be_v revoke_v but_o this_o authority_n be_v revokable_a next_o the_o verdict_n do_v not_o find_v that_o the_o 2_o attorney_n be_v customary_a tenant_n but_o only_o by_o way_n of_o recital_n which_o be_v not_o good_a nor_o do_v it_o appear_v they_o be_v customary_a tenant_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o admittance_n and_o here_o be_v not_o find_v any_o possession_n or_o title_n in_o the_o defendant_n and_o so_o the_o plaintif_n have_v primer_n possession_n the_o defendant_n be_v guilty_a neither_o be_v it_o find_v that_o the_o customary_a tenant_n have_v seesimple_a in_o the_o land_n and_o if_o he_o have_v but_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n he_o can_v not_o make_v such_o a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n also_o the_o authority_n give_v be_v not_o warrant_v by_o the_o custom_n set_v forth_o wilmot_n of_o council_n with_o the_o defendant_n say_v that_o this_o authority_n here_o be_v support_v with_o a_o special_a direction_n which_o may_v survive_v the_o party_n that_o give_v it_o 1_o h._n 7.8_o and_o a_o authority_n may_v survive_v the_o party_n that_o give_v it_o else_o how_o can_v a_o executor_n sell_v land_n by_o the_o authority_n give_v unto_o he_o 21_o e._n 4._o f._n 8._o 31._o e._n 1._o fitzherb_n 45._o and_o as_o for_o the_o heir_n he_o have_v neglect_v his_o advantage_n it_o he_o have_v any_o and_o can_v now_o take_v it_o but_o beside_o the_o authority_n here_o give_v be_v more_o than_o a_o bare_a authority_n for_o it_o be_v back_v with_o circumstance_n of_o time_n and_o person_n and_o here_o be_v also_o a_o custom_n to_o support_v it_o and_o this_o custom_n be_v a_o reasonable_a custom_n for_o it_o be_v but_o to_o enable_v a_o man_n to_o dispose_v of_o his_o own_o land_n and_o there_o be_v far_o more_o unreasonable_a custom_n than_o this_o allow_v in_o our_o law_n as_o the_o custom_n of_o kent_n for_o one_o of_o the_o age_n of_o 15_o year_n to_o be_v enable_v to_o sell_v his_o land_n and_o this_o custom_n be_v not_o against_o any_o positive_a rule_n of_o law_n for_o the_o custom_n be_v to_o create_v the_o authority_n to_o begin_v after_o his_o death_n and_o so_o it_o be_v not_o to_o determine_v by_o his_o death_n for_o till_o then_o it_o begin_v not_o and_o the_o custom_n here_o be_v but_o to_o alien_a land_n which_o be_v no_o strange_a thing_n and_o it_o be_v extend_v but_o within_o a_o small_a compass_n of_o land_n and_o so_o can_v be_v very_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o public_a and_o bambridge_n and_o whaddons_n case_n 17_o car._n in_o this_o court_n cite_v on_o the_o other_o side_n do_v differ_v from_o this_o case_n for_o tâ—ere_o be_v no_o custom_n to_o support_v it_o and_o it_o do_v appear_v here_o by_o the_o record_n that_o dalby_n the_o attorney_n be_v a_o customary_a tenant_n and_o the_o admission_n here_o be_v find_v to_o be_v secundum_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la manerii_fw-la and_o one_o can_v gain_v a_o copyhold_n estate_n by_o disseisin_n and_o so_o here_o can_v be_v no_o primer_n seisin_n intend_v and_o it_o be_v find_v the_o copyholder_n be_v seize_v roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v it_o will_v be_v hard_a to_o maintain_v the_o custom_n custom_n custom_n if_o it_o be_v not_o find_v that_o the_o party_n be_v seize_v in_o see_v of_o the_o copyhold_n land_n but_o 2_o it_o be_v not_o here_o find_v that_o the_o land_n be_v demisable_v according_a to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o so_o it_o may_v be_v free_a land_n &_o then_o the_o custom_n do_v not_o reach_v it_o neither_o be_v it_o find_v that_o the_o 2_o attorney_n be_v copyhold_n tenant_n and_o the_o primer_n possession_n here_o will_v make_v a_o disseisin_n by_o the_o defendant_n if_o the_o custom_n be_v not_o well_o find_v and_o then_o it_o be_v for_o the_o plaintif_a and_o i_o can_v see_v how_o the_o custom_n can_v be_v good_a it_o be_v against_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n for_o a_o man_n can_v devise_v a_o copyhold_n and_o here_o the_o case_n be_v worse_a devise_n devise_n but_o he_o may_v surrender_v to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n at_o another_o day_n wilmot_n to_o the_o exception_n take_v that_o it_o be_v not_o find_v that_o the_o two_o attorney_n be_v tenant_n of_o the_o manor_n say_v there_o be_v so_o much_o find_v as_o shall_v make_v they_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v tenant_n of_o the_o manor_n for_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o party_n be_v admit_v secundum_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la manerii_fw-la which_o can_v be_v a_o good_a admittance_n if_o they_o be_v not_o tenant_n roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v to_o be_v admit_v secundum_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la go_v â—o_o the_o admittance_n not_o to_o the_o letter_n of_o attorney_n but_o we_o will_v advise_v at_o another_o day_n twisden_n pray_v judgement_n for_o the_o plaintif_a and_o insist_v upon_o the_o exception_n that_o the_o two_o attorney_n be_v not_o find_v customary_a tenant_n for_o one_o of_o they_o be_v not_o mention_v at_o all_o and_o the_o other_o be_v find_v so_o only_o by_o way_n of_o recital_n and_o so_o they_o have_v not_o entitle_v themselves_o to_o the_o custom_n and_o then_o the_o defendant_n have_v no_o title_n the_o court_n rule_v to_o show_v cause_n saturday_n follow_v why_o the_o plaintif_a shall_v not_o have_v judgement_n antea_fw-la custodes_fw-la against_o tawny_a and_o norwood_n hill_n 1651._o banc._n sup_v tawny_a and_o norwood_n be_v joint_o indict_v for_o blasphemous_a word_n several_o speak_v by_o they_o word_n endictment_n for_o speak_v blasphemous_a word_n upon_o the_o late_a statute_n make_v against_o blasphemy_n and_o be_v convict_v the_o party_n be_v remove_v hither_o by_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la it_o be_v urge_v that_o the_o endictment_n be_v not_o good_a because_o it_o be_v joint_a whereas_o the_o word_n be_v
estate_n may_v pass_v by_o attorney_n and_o so_o although_o here_o be_v but_o a_o bare_a power_n give_v yet_o it_o be_v well_o execute_v notwithstanding_o his_o death_n that_o give_v it_o 2_o this_o letter_n of_o attorney_n be_v not_o countermandable_a by_o the_o copyholder_n himself_o during_o his_o life_n and_o therefore_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v countermand_v by_o his_o death_n and_o though_o it_o have_v be_v countermandable_a during_o his_o life_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o countermand_v by_o he_o in_o his_o life_n his_o death_n shall_v not_o countermand_v it_o and_o the_o custom_n do_v strengthen_v this_o power_n next_o this_o custom_n be_v not_o contradictory_n for_o here_o be_v no_o attorney_n make_v but_o a_o writing_n make_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n and_o a_o power_n to_o surrender_v give_v by_o it_o and_o it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o for_o one_o copyholder_n to_o surrender_v for_o another_o which_o be_v usual_a and_o in_o cook_n 9_o rep._n f._n 76._o a_o copyholder_n be_v call_v a_o attorney_n also_o copyhold_n estate_n be_v make_v by_o custom_n and_o therefore_o such_o custom_n which_o be_v to_o confirm_v estate_n be_v to_o be_v favour_v in_o law_n although_o they_o do_v differ_v from_o conveyance_n of_o estate_n at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o this_o custom_n be_v not_o only_o reasonable_a but_o convenient_a also_o for_o the_o pass_n of_o copyhold_n estate_n and_o this_o custom_n enlarge_v the_o power_n of_o alienation_n and_o such_o custom_n have_v general_o be_v admit_v good_a though_o different_a from_o the_o common_a law_n and_o when_o a_o custom_n be_v become_v a_o law_n it_o be_v very_o dangerous_a to_o alter_v it_o and_o the_o do_v of_o it_o will_v overthrow_v many_o estate_n ellis_n solicitor_n general_n on_o the_o other_o side_n argue_v that_o the_o custom_n be_v not_o good_a because_o it_o be_v against_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n that_o a_o authority_n give_v shall_v survive_v the_o party_n that_o give_v it_o and_o a_o custom_n can_v strengthen_v it_o for_o a_o custom_n ought_v to_o be_v reasonable_a and_o agree_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n which_o it_o concern_v otherwise_o it_o can_v be_v good_a for_o ratio_fw-la est_fw-la formalis_fw-la causa_fw-la consuetudinis_fw-la dalisons_n rep._n 32._o 1_o instit_fw-la f._n 59_o and_o this_o cause_n can_v be_v reasonable_a because_o it_o can_v give_v a_o authority_n to_o another_o to_o do_v such_o a_o thing_n for_o he_o after_o his_o death_n which_o he_o can_v not_o do_v during_o his_o life_n and_o this_o custom_n do_v pure_o destroy_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o therefore_o can_v be_v good_a and_o it_o be_v against_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o a_o authority_n to_o survive_v and_o so_o consequent_o it_o be_v against_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n dyer_n 357._o 10_o e._n 3._o f._n 5._o 18_o rep._n vnyers_n case_n the_o party_n in_o his_o life_n time_n may_v have_v revoke_v this_o authority_n and_o therefore_o his_o death_n do_v revoke_v it_o and_o by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o copyholder_n the_o copyhold_n be_v descend_v and_o can_v be_v surrender_v by_o a_o dead_a man_n and_o here_o be_v no_o incoation_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o party_n that_o be_v dead_a and_o i_o hold_v there_o be_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o a_o will_n and_o a_o authority_n and_o also_o here_o the_o letter_n of_o attorney_n be_v not_o pursuant_n to_o the_o custom_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o void_a letter_n of_o attorney_n 16_o jac._n rot_v 530._o greenwood_n and_o onslaes_n case_n custom_n be_v to_o be_v take_v strict_o copyhold_n copyhold_n and_o to_o be_v so_o pursue_v and_o it_o be_v not_o so_o here_o for_o here_o be_v a_o addition_n to_o the_o custom_n and_o this_o make_v all_o void_a roll_v chief_a justice_n copyhold_n be_v much_o lead_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o manor_n and_o i_o think_v here_o be_v little_a difference_n betwixtt_v surrender_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o another_o copyholder_n to_o make_v a_o surrender_n for_o he_o and_o this_o case_n and_o the_o variance_n be_v not_o so_o considerable_a as_o to_o make_v it_o void_a here_o the_o court_n will_v advise_v at_o another_o day_n the_o case_n be_v again_o put_v custom_n custom_n and_o the_o court_n deliver_v their_o opinion_n that_o the_o custom_n be_v good_a and_o roll_v chief_a justice_n say_v that_o the_o death_n of_o the_o party_n do_v not_o revoke_v this_o writing_n make_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o letter_n of_o attorney_n revocation_n revocation_n for_o it_o be_v strengthen_v by_o the_o custom_n and_o it_o be_v not_o like_o a_o ordinary_a letter_n of_o attorney_n which_o become_v void_a by_o the_o death_n of_o he_o that_o make_v it_o executor_n authority_n executor_n for_o this_o custom_n be_v a_o law_n and_o the_o authority_n here_o survive_v as_o a_o executor_n may_v sell_v the_o testator_n land_n it_o he_o be_v impower_v to_o do_v it_o by_o the_o will_n and_o therefore_o the_o custom_n be_v good_a and_o let_v the_o plaintif_n have_v judgement_n nisi_fw-la etc._n etc._n child_n trin._n 1654._o banc._n sup_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o eliz._n be_v bring_v for_o use_v a_o trade_n not_o have_v serve_v a_o apprenticeship_n in_o it_o action_n that_o the_o defendant_n may_v not_o plead_v to_o the_o action_n sergeant_n fletcher_n move_v that_o the_o defendant_n may_v not_o be_v compel_v to_o plead_v because_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v sue_v out_o of_o the_o county_n where_o he_o use_v the_o trade_n roll_v chief_a justice_n proceed_v according_a to_o law_n and_o plead_v this_o matter_n or_o move_v it_o in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n rule_n rule_n for_o we_o will_v make_v no_o rule_n trin._n 1654._o banc._n sup_v by_o roll_n chief_a justice_n not_o where_o a_o action_n on_o the_o case_n lie_v and_o where_o not_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n do_v not_o lie_v against_o one_o for_o cause_v another_o to_o be_v indict_v for_o a_o trespass_n but_o for_o cause_v one_o to_o be_v indict_v for_o a_o thing_n which_o deserve_v corporal_a punishment_n or_o a_o thing_n which_o sound_v in_o scandal_n of_o the_o party_n indict_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n will_v lie_v nota._n stevens_n against_o ask._n mich._n 1654._o banc._n sup_v stephens_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o ask_v for_o these_o word_n word_n action_n on_o the_o case_n for_o word_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n adjective_n word_n thou_o be_v a_o common_a bastard-bearing_a whore_n and_o have_v two_o bastard_n by_o a_o butcher_n and_o i_o will_v prove_v it_o upon_o not_o guilty_a plead_v and_o a_o verdict_n find_v for_o the_o plaintif_a twisden_n move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o first_o word_n viz._n thou_o be_v a_o common_a bastard-bearing_a whore_n be_v not_o actionable_a because_o they_o be_v adjective_n word_n and_o be_v not_o positive_a and_o for_o the_o other_o word_n they_o be_v not_o actionable_a because_o they_o be_v speak_v of_o a_o feme_fw-fr covert_n who_o can_v have_v a_o bastard_n upon_o this_o the_o judgement_n be_v arrest_v till_o the_o next_o term_n and_o then_o wild_a move_v for_o judgement_n for_o that_o he_o conceive_v that_o the_o word_n take_v together_o be_v actionable_a and_o cite_v owen_n &_o levons_fw-fr case_n adjudge_v in_o this_o court_n to_o prove_v it_o roll_v chief_a justice_n if_o she_o be_v marry_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o word_n speak_v she_o can_v not_o have_v a_o bastard_n but_o yet_o why_o shall_v not_o the_o word_n be_v actionable_a for_o the_o word_n purport_v that_o she_o be_v not_o marry_v when_o she_o have_v the_o bastard_n and_o the_o jury_n have_v find_v for_o the_o plaintif_n therefore_o let_v she_o take_v her_o judgement_n nisi_fw-la barker_n and_o weston_n mich._n 1654._o banc._n sup_v the_o court_n be_v move_v that_o the_o bail_n to_o a_o action_n may_v be_v discharge_v bail_n to_o discharge_v bail_n because_o they_o have_v now_o bring_v in_o the_o principal_a and_o it_o be_v but_o one_o day_n after_o the_o return_n of_o the_o writ_n but_o roll_v chief_a justice_n answer_v that_o it_o may_v not_o be_v because_o they_o come_v in_o upon_o the_o return_n of_o the_o second_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la harvey_n and_o mountney_n mich._n 1654._o anc_fw-la sup_v in_o this_o case_n the_o action_n be_v a_o trespass_n and_o ejectment_n and_o the_o title_n concern_v hugh_n audley_n of_o the_o inner_a temple_n the_o defendant_n be_v by_o rule_n of_o court_n at_o the_o trial_n which_o be_v to_o be_v at_o the_o bar_n to_o appear_v and_o confess_v the_o lease_n entry_n and_o ouster_v and_o to_o stand_v upon_o the_o title_n only_o he_o plaintif_a non-sute_n and_o yet_o judgement_n for_o he_o yet_o at_o the_o trial_n he_o will_v not_o appear_v upon_o which_o the_o plaintif_a be_v non-sute_n and_o yet_o the_o judgement_n be_v for_o the_o plaintif_n upon_o
the_o record_n it_o be_v say_v that_o a_o challenge_n to_o the_o array_n be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o record_n but_o aught_o to_o be_v determine_v whether_o it_o be_v good_a or_o not_o by_o the_o judge_n before_o who_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o cause_n shall_v have_v be_v challenge_n by_o who_o to_o be_v determine_v demurrer_n to_o a_o challenge_n if_o the_o challenge_n have_v not_o be_v take_v and_o so_o have_v it_o be_v rule_v upon_o serious_a advice_n in_o the_o common-plea_n and_o it_o be_v then_o likewise_o say_v if_o there_o be_v a_o demurrer_n to_o a_o challenge_n at_o the_o assize_n the_o judge_n of_o assize_n may_v determine_v it_o there_o or_o over-rule_v it_o or_o adjourn_v it_o to_o be_v hear_v at_o another_o time_n sum_n and_o sir_n john_n lenthall_n mich._n 1655._o banc._n sup_v the_o court_n be_v inform_v that_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n be_v former_o bring_v against_o sir_n john_n lenthall_n and_o that_o there_o be_v judgement_n execution_n for_o sir_n john_n lenthall_n the_o mareschall_n to_o appear_v that_o he_o may_v be_v in_o execution_n and_o a_o execution_n thereupon_o take_v out_o against_o he_o but_o that_o he_o abscond_v himself_o that_o be_v can_v not_o be_v take_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v pray_v in_o regard_n he_o be_v a_o officer_n of_o this_o court_n that_o the_o court_n will_v order_v he_o to_o appear_v here_o that_o he_o may_v be_v commit_v in_o execution_n to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o middlesex_n but_o glyn_n chief_a justice_n answer_v if_o sir_n john_n lenthall_n do_v appear_v here_o and_o you_o pray_v he_o in_o execution_n we_o can_v commit_v he_o to_o no_o other_o prison_n but_o the_o marshalsea_n for_o that_o be_v the_o prison_n of_o this_o court_n and_o to_o commit_v he_o to_o that_o prison_n of_o which_o he_o be_v the_o keeper_n without_o secure_v the_o prisoner_n there_o before_o we_o do_v it_o will_v be_v a_o escape_n in_o law_n of_o all_o the_o prisoner_n therefore_o let_v sir_n john_n show_v cause_n why_o he_o shall_v not_o pay_v the_o debt_n for_o it_o be_v neither_o for_o his_o own_o credit_n nor_o the_o honour_n of_o this_o court_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o satisfy_v his_o debt_n fardres_n and_o proud_a mich._n 1655._o banc._n sup_v hardres_n bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o proud_a promise_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n upon_o a_o promise_n and_o declare_v that_o whereas_o he_o at_o the_o instance_n and_o request_n of_o the_o defendant_n have_v take_v pain_n to_o reconcile_v difference_n betwixt_o the_o defendant_n and_o i._o s._n and_o other_o the_o defendant_n do_v assume_v and_o promise_v unto_o the_o plaintif_a to_o pay_v unto_o he_o 100_o l._n at_o a_o certain_a day_n and_o for_o not_o pay_v the_o money_n according_o he_o bring_v his_o action_n and_o upon_o non-assumpsit_a plead_v and_o a_o verdict_n find_v for_o the_o plaintif_n the_o defendant_n move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n 1._o that_o here_o be_v no_o consideration_n set_v forth_o in_o the_o declaration_n to_o ground_v the_o promise_n upon_o for_o it_o be_v only_o say_v that_o in_o consideration_n that_o the_o plaintif_n have_v take_v pain_n etc._n etc._n execute_v consideration_n execute_v he_o do_v promise_v etc._n etc._n and_o this_o be_v a_o consideration_n execute_v and_o not_o sufficient_a to_o ground_v a_o promise_n upon_o and_o one_o hunt_v and_o dier_n case_n be_v cite_v for_o proof_n 2_o he_o do_v not_o show_v what_o pain_n he_o have_v take_v and_o so_o it_o can_v be_v know_v whether_o his_o pain_n be_v sufficient_a to_o ground_v the_o promise_n upon_o 3_o he_o say_v that_o he_o take_v pain_n to_o reconcile_v difference_n betwixt_o the_o defendant_n and_o i._o s._n and_o other_o and_o do_v not_o show_v who_o these_o other_o be_v the_o two_o last_o exception_n be_v overrule_v without_o speak_v to_o and_o to_o the_o first_o wild_a answer_v that_o here_o be_v a_o continue_a consideration_n consideration_n continue_v consideration_n though_o the_o pain_n take_v be_v pass_v for_o it_o be_v say_v he_o take_v the_o pain_n at_o the_o instance_n and_o request_n of_o the_o plaintif_a glyn_n chief_a justice_n it_o be_v as_o you_o say_v courtesy_n voluntary_a courtesy_n for_o here_o be_v more_o than_o a_o voluntary_a courtesy_n upon_o which_o no_o consideration_n for_o a_o promise_n can_v be_v ground_v for_o the_o pain_n here_o be_v undertake_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o plaintif_n judicium_fw-la nisi_fw-la etc._n etc._n mich._n 1655._o banc._n sup_v by_o glyn_n chief_a justice_n not_o where_o one_o may_v appear_v by_o attorney_n where_o not_o if_o one_o come_v in_o upon_o the_o eâ—igent_a he_o may_v appear_v by_o his_o attorney_n but_o if_o he_o come_v in_o upon_o the_o outlawry_n he_o must_v appear_v in_o his_o proper_a person_n and_o not_o by_o his_o attorney_n and_o so_o be_v the_o constant_a practice_n of_o the_o common-plea_n and_o of_o this_o court_n also_o nota._n london_n and_o wilcocks_n mich._n 1655._o banc_n sup_v london_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o wilcock_n inter_fw-la alia_fw-la trespass_n arrest_v of_o judgement_n in_o trespass_n for_o take_v and_o carry_v away_o 40_o load_n of_o corn_n in_o the_o straw_n upon_o a_o verdict_n find_v for_o the_o plaintif_a it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o the_o declaration_n be_v uncertain_a for_o the_o plaintif_n have_v declare_v for_o 40_o load_n of_o corn_n in_o the_o straw_n and_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v whether_o they_o be_v horse-loads_a or_o cartloads_a or_o what_o other_o load_n of_o corn_n they_o be_v but_o glyn_n chief_a justice_n answer_v that_o it_o be_v well_o enough_o express_v for_o it_o be_v of_o corn_n in_o the_o straw_n it_o shall_v be_v intend_v cartloads_a and_o therefore_o let_v the_o plaintif_n have_v his_o judgement_n judgement_n judgement_n q._n if_o the_o action_n have_v be_v lay_v in_o the_o county_n of_o cornwell_n where_o it_o be_v usual_a to_o carry_v corn_n in_o the_o straw_n upon_o horse_n whether_o the_o declaration_n will_v have_v be_v good_a wood_n and_o gunston_n mich._n 1655._o banc._n sup_v will_v bring_v a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n against_o gunston_n for_o speak_v of_o scandalous_a word_n against_o word_n for_o a_o new_a trial_n in_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n for_o 〈◊〉_d word_n and_o among_o other_o word_n for_o call_v he_o traitor_n and_o obteyn_n a_o verdict_n against_o he_o at_o the_o bar_n wherein_o the_o jury_n give_v 1500_o l._n damage_n upon_o the_o supposition_n that_o the_o damage_n be_v excessive_a and_o that_o the_o jury_n do_v favour_v the_o plaintif_n the_o defendant_n move_v for_o a_o new_a trial_n but_o sergeant_n maynard_n oppose_v it_o and_o say_v that_o after_o a_o verdict_n the_o partiality_n of_o the_o jury_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v question_v nor_o be_v there_o any_o precedent_n for_o it_o in_o our_o book_n of_o the_o law_n and_o it_o will_v be_v of_o dangerous_a consequence_n if_o it_o shall_v be_v suffer_v and_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o damage_n give_v can_v be_v no_o cause_n for_o a_o new_a trial_n but_o if_o it_o be_v the_o damage_n be_v not_o here_o excessive_a if_o the_o word_n speak_v be_v well_o consider_v for_o they_o tend_v to_o take_v away_o the_o plaintiff_n estate_n and_o his_o life_n windham_n on_o the_o other_o side_n press_v for_o a_o new_a trial_n and_o say_v it_o be_v a_o pack_v business_n else_o there_o can_v not_o have_v be_v so_o great_a damage_n and_o the_o court_n have_v power_n in_o extraordinary_a case_n such_o as_o this_o be_v to_o grant_v a_o new_a trial_n glyn_n chief_a justice_n partial_a discretion_n of_o the_o court._n discretion_n judicial_a arbitrary_a the_o court_n not_o to_o be_v intend_v partial_a it_o be_v in_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o court_n in_o some_o case_n to_o grant_v a_o new_a trial_n but_o this_o must_v be_v a_o judicial_a and_o not_o a_o arbitrary_a discretion_n and_o it_o be_v frequent_a in_o our_o book_n for_o the_o court_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o miscarriage_n of_o jury_n and_o to_o grant_v new_a trial_n upon_o they_o and_o it_o be_v for_o the_o people_n benefit_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v so_o for_o a_o jury_n may_v sometime_o by_o indirect_a deal_n be_v move_v to_o side_n with_o one_o party_n and_o not_o to_o be_v indifferent_a betwixt_o they_o but_o it_o can_v be_v so_o intend_v of_o the_o court_n wherefore_o let_v there_o be_v a_o new_a trial_n the_o next_o term_n and_o the_o defendant_n shall_v pay_v full_a cost_v and_o judgement_n to_o be_v upon_o this_o verdict_n to_o stand_v for_o security_n to_o pay_v what_o shall_v be_v recover_v upon_o the_o next_o verdict_n grant_v grant_v the_o protector_n and_o buckner_n mich._n 1655._o banc._n sup_v buckner_n be_v indict_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 1._o jac._n stab_v special_a verdict_n upon_o a_o endictment_n upon_o the_o