title_n to_o land_n by_o action_n condition_n or_o entry_n or_o he_o which_o have_v a_o contingent_a use_n shall_v not_o be_v tax_v for_o they_o neither_o be_v cestui_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n at_o the_o common_a law_n before_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o of_o use_n nor_o be_v the_o bargainee_n of_o land_n before_o the_o deed_n be_v enrol_v sessable_a by_o this_o law_n neither_o be_v one_o who_o have_v the_o presentation_n or_o nomination_n to_o a_o church_n as_o patron_n or_o he_o which_o be_v founder_n for_o his_o foundership_n taxable_a within_o this_o statute_n yet_o they_o be_v tenement_n the_o large_a word_n of_o charge_n within_o this_o law_n but_o the_o law_n intend_v the_o immediate_a possession_n of_o such_o tenement_n which_o be_v proficuous_a and_o not_o these_o thing_n which_o be_v tenement_n in_o law_n and_o which_o be_v but_o conveyance_n and_o their_o fruit_n be_v ceremony_n without_o substance_n this_o law_n set_v down_o such_o thing_n for_o the_o which_o one_o be_v chargeable_a viz._n he_o which_o have_v land_n tenement_n rent_n commons_o of_o pasture_n profit_n of_o fish_v or_o other_o commodity_n and_o such_o as_o have_v safety_n profit_n defence_n or_o any_o other_o commodity_n these_o be_v the_o word_n of_o charge_n recite_v by_o this_o law_n this_o word_n land_n be_v of_o large_a extent_n for_o it_o reach_v to_o house_n arable_a pasture_n meadow_n mill_n tofts_n and_o to_o all_o other_o edifice_n moor_n marish_n wood_n wood_n ground_n for_o all_o these_o the_o earth_n be_v the_o substance_n et_fw-fr omne_fw-la solo_fw-la cedet_fw-la and_o the_o several_a increase_v thereof_o be_v but_o quality_n the_o word_n tenement_n be_v of_o large_a extent_n than_o land_n for_o it_o contain_v all_o which_o the_o word_n land_n do_v and_o all_o thing_n else_o which_o lie_v in_o tenure_n so_o that_o i_o think_v it_o shall_v be_v but_o labour_n lose_v to_o enter_v further_o into_o the_o particular_n thereof_o lord_n and_o tenant_n if_o there_o be_v lord_n and_o tenant_n and_o the_o tenant_n hold_v of_o the_o lord_n by_o yearly_a rend_a service_n the_o lord_n may_v be_v rate_v as_o well_o for_o his_o rent_n as_o the_o tenant_n for_o his_o land_n to_o annual_a repair_n as_o well_o as_o to_o accidental_a by_o reason_n of_o these_o word_n in_o the_o statute_n that_o be_v that_o every_o one_o be_v rate_v and_o tax_v according_a to_o the_o rate_n of_o every_o person_n rend_v tenure_n or_o profit_n here_o be_v full_a word_n to_o charge_v the_o lord_n for_o his_o rent_n and_o so_o rend_a charge_n and_o rend_v seck_fw-mi shall_v be_v subject_a to_o sess_v in_o this_o kind_n for_o otherwise_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o ground_n may_v be_v undo_v thereby_o in_o regard_n the_o rent_n go_v and_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n may_v amount_v to_o as_o much_o almost_o as_o the_o yearly_a value_n of_o the_o ground_n do_v but_o if_o the_o rent_n be_v so_o small_a as_o they_o be_v scarce_o worth_a the_o gather_n then_o in_o discretion_n the_o commissioner_n may_v spare_v they_o for_o de_fw-fr minimis_fw-la non_fw-la curate_n lex_fw-la also_o whether_o the_o remainder_n man_n and_o he_o in_o reversion_n depend_v upon_o a_o estate_n in_o tail_n shall_v be_v rate_v and_o tax_v or_o not_o by_o the_o power_n of_o these_o law_n be_v a_o apt_a question_n for_o this_o place_n and_o therein_o my_o opinion_n be_v that_o be_v dry_a and_o fruitless_a remainder_n and_o reversion_n they_o shall_v not_o be_v sess_v to_o the_o repair_v but_o the_o tenant_n in_o tail_n in_o possession_n shall_v be_v sole_o charge_v for_o it_o be_v more_o to_o be_v fear_v that_o tenant_n in_o tail_n will_v cut_v off_o the_o remainder_n and_o reversion_n by_o a_o recovery_n then_o that_o the_o sea_n shall_v drown_v his_o estate_n by_o a_o overflow_n lessee_n for_o year_n and_o he_o in_o reversion_n in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o lessee_n for_o year_n and_o for_o life_n and_o those_o in_o reversion_n and_o remainder_n there_o be_v a_o great_a cause_n of_o dispute_n then_o between_o tenant_n in_o tail_n and_o he_o in_o the_o reversion_n and_o because_o it_o be_v a_o often_o case_n i_o have_v therefore_o take_v the_o more_o pain_n to_o resolve_v the_o same_o first_o the_o lessee_n be_v in_o the_o present_a possession_n and_o so_o be_v subject_a to_o all_o ordinary_a charge_n and_o with_o this_o agree_v jeffray_v case_n jeffray_v case_n case_n in_o sir_n edward_n cook_n 5_o report_n for_o there_o the_o case_n be_v resolve_v that_o where_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o town_n be_v assess_v towards_o the_o repair_n of_o a_o church_n there_o the_o lessee_n for_o year_n be_v charge_v and_o not_o the_o lessor_n though_o he_o have_v a_o yearly_a rent_n reserve_v for_o in_o point_n of_o the_o rent_n this_o case_n and_o that_o will_v differ_v by_o reason_n rent_n be_v express_o within_o this_o law_n but_o i_o now_o speak_v of_o a_o lessee_n where_o no_o rent_n be_v reserve_v in_o 17_o ed._n 4._o fol._n 6_o a_o ten_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o 4._o 17_o ed._n 4._o king_n by_o parliament_n of_o the_o value_n of_o their_o land_n and_o the_o lessee_n for_o year_n be_v charge_v therewithal_o and_o so_o be_v the_o law_n there_o take_v if_o the_o parliament_n have_v give_v the_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o issue_n and_o profit_n of_o the_o land_n the_o case_n of_o the_o proxy_n in_o the_o irish_a report_n do_v in_o my_o opinion_n in_o reason_n resemble_v this_o case_n for_o the_o case_n be_v proxy_n case_n of_o proxy_n there_o that_o the_o bishop_n of_o meath_z in_o ireland_n have_v a_o proxy_n of_o fifteen_o shilling_n payable_a out_o of_o the_o commandry_n of_o kells_n than_o parcel_n of_o the_o possession_n of_o st._n john_n all_o which_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o dissolution_n of_o monastery_n in_o that_o kingdom_n and_o after_o the_o say_a bishop_n grant_v the_o say_v proxy_n to_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o after_o q._n elizabeth_n make_v a_o lease_n of_o the_o commandry_n to_o dr._n forth_o reserve_v a_o yearly_a rent_n without_o mention_v the_o proxy_n and_o it_o be_v there_o resolve_v that_o doctor_n forth_o the_o lessee_n for_o year_n shall_v be_v at_o the_o charge_n to_o pay_v the_o say_a proxy_n with_o all_o the_o arrearage_n thereof_o which_o do_v incur_v in_o his_o time_n and_o so_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o rend_a charge_n the_o lessee_n be_v chargeable_a and_o he_o be_v to_o pay_v the_o tithe_n and_o the_o composition_n money_n due_a therefore_o so_o that_o these_o case_n sway_v strong_o against_o the_o lessee_n for_o year_n to_o lay_v the_o whole_a charge_n upon_o he_o and_o to_o exempt_v the_o lessor_n but_o yet_o we_o must_v here_o distinguish_v and_o make_v a_o difference_n between_o annual_a repair_n in_o ordinary_a thing_n and_o extraordinary_a repair_n for_o to_o furnish_v the_o defence_n with_o petty_a reparation_n they_o shall_v be_v lay_v only_o upon_o the_o lessee_n for_o year_n or_o for_o life_n but_o if_o a_o new_a wall_n bank_n or_o goat_n or_o sewer_n be_v to_o be_v build_v new_a and_o erect_v or_o if_o the_o ancient_a defence_n be_v decay_v in_o the_o main_a timber_n or_o in_o the_o principal_a part_n thereof_o here_o as_o well_o the_o lessor_n as_o the_o lessee_n shall_v be_v put_v to_o the_o charge_n for_o these_o thing_n be_v not_o ordinary_a and_o annual_a charge_n but_o do_v reach_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o lease_n to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o inheritance_n as_o for_o petty_a reparation_n they_o be_v by_o intendment_n to_o continue_v but_o for_o a_o short_a time_n which_o be_v likely_a to_o be_v spend_v during_o the_o term_n and_o lease_n but_o these_o new_a defence_n be_v apparent_o do_v to_o save_v the_o inheritance_n and_o this_o difference_n hold_v good_a correspondency_n with_o other_o case_n in_o our_o law_n as_o in_o 49_o ed._n 3._o fol._n 1._o and_o 3_o eliz._n in_o dyer_n fol._n 198._o and_o in_o dier_n 49_o ed._n 3._o 3_o eliz._n dier_n that_o book_n again_o fol._n 134._o and_o in_o divers_a other_o book_n it_o be_v hold_v for_o law_n that_o if_o a_o house_n in_o lease_n decay_v in_o the_o groundsel_n post_n or_o balk_v in_o the_o great_a timber_n in_o direct_a wear_n by_o tract_n of_o time_n and_o not_o in_o default_n of_o the_o lessee_n the_o lessee_n may_v take_v and_o cut_v up_o timber_n grow_v on_o the_o ground_n lease_v to_o repair_v the_o same_o and_o the_o lessee_n shall_v be_v at_o charge_n of_o workmanship_n for_o the_o repair_n be_v in_o matter_n of_o right_n and_o do_v the_o lessee_n good_a during_o his_o lease_n and_o the_o lessor_n after_o the_o expiration_n thereof_o and_o because_o these_o great_a repair_v extend_v to_o both_o their_o good_n therefore_o they_o shall_v both_o be_v contributory_a thereto_o but_o if_o a_o house_n be_v decay_v in_o splint_v thack_n wall_v or_o in_o such_o
examine_v this_o part_n of_o the_o statute_n which_o produce_v these_o matter_n i_o have_v frame_v a_o case_n which_o do_v give_v occasion_n in_o this_o day_n exercise_v to_o dispute_v of_o all_o they_o the_o case_n for_o the_o second_o lecture_n a._n lease_v his_o manor_n in_o the_o county_n of_o lincoln_n in_o which_o case_n second_o case_n be_v copyhold_n to_o b._n a_o young_a son_n for_o his_o life_n upon_o condition_n to_o have_v it_o for_o the_o life_n of_o c._n upon_o condition_n to_o have_v it_o to_o he_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o his_o father_n a_o copyhold_n be_v forfeit_a the_o first_o condition_n be_v perform_v the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n in_o that_o county_n upon_o view_n survey_v and_o by_o their_o discretion_n decree_v a_o new_a bank_n where_o none_o be_v before_o to_o resist_v the_o sea_n and_o a_o new_a river_n to_o be_v cut_v to_o drain_v the_o superfluous_a water_n in_o s._n and_o a_o old_a sewer_n in_o d._n to_o be_v repair_v and_o by_o inquisition_n assess_v b._n the_o lessee_n for_o the_o manor_n the_o copyholder_n for_o the_o copyhold_n land_n and_o the_o town_n of_o s._n and_o also_o the_o parson_n there_o for_o his_o tithe_n because_o they_o lie_v all_o in_o the_o level_n the_o second_o condition_n be_v perform_v b._n enter_v in_o the_o copyhold_n my_o conclusion_n be_v that_o this_o new_a bank_n new_a river_n and_o old_a sewer_n be_v well_o decree_v but_o the_o say_v sesse_v be_v void_a in_o toto_fw-la &_o in_fw-la qualibet_fw-la parte_fw-la point_n at_o the_o common_a law_n the_o point_n of_o this_o case_n be_v three_o at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o three_o upon_o this_o statute_n but_o all_o of_o they_o be_v so_o weave_v within_o another_o that_o every_o one_o of_o they_o go_v hand_n in_o hand_n from_o the_o begin_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o case_n imprimis_fw-la whether_o the_o duplicate_v condition_n be_v good_a or_o not_o second_o what_o estate_n b._n the_o young_a son_n have_v by_o the_o first_o condition_n and_o what_o estate_n he_o have_v get_v by_o the_o second_o three_o a_o copyhold_n become_v forfeit_a to_o the_o lord_n and_o before_o the_o lord_n take_v advantage_n of_o it_o his_o estate_n be_v change_v whether_o by_o the_o change_n of_o his_o estate_n the_o benefit_n of_o the_o forfeiture_n be_v lose_v or_o not_o point_n upon_o the_o statute_n imprimis_fw-la whether_o commissioner_n have_v power_n to_o decree_v a_o new_a bank_n a_o new_a drain_v and_o other_o new_a defence_n or_o not_o and_o herein_o the_o quality_n and_o property_n of_o river_n stream_n and_o bank_n and_o their_o dependent_n be_v to_o be_v treat_v of_o second_o whether_o they_o may_v decree_v the_o say_v new_a defence_n by_o view_n and_o survey_v and_o herein_o be_v to_o be_v handle_v what_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n may_v do_v by_o survey_n and_o what_o they_o may_v do_v by_o their_o discretion_n and_o what_o they_o may_v do_v by_o jury_n three_o in_o what_o case_n assess_v and_o tax_n may_v be_v lay_v and_o impose_v and_o on_o what_o thing_n and_o in_o what_o manner_n they_o be_v to_o be_v impose_v and_o whether_o the_o rate_n set_v upon_o the_o person_n in_o any_o case_n be_v well_o do_v or_o not_o and_o where_o the_o fault_n be_v if_o any_o be_v argumentum_fw-la lectoris_fw-la see_v it_o have_v be_v the_o ancient_a order_n for_o the_o reader_n of_o this_o place_n to_o maintain_v the_o conclusion_n of_o his_o case_n i_o shall_v therefore_o endeavour_v myself_o to_o perform_v that_o order_n which_o custom_n have_v impose_v upon_o i_o and_z according_o as_o i_o have_v conclude_v so_o i_o take_v the_o law_n to_o be_v and_o touch_v the_o first_o point_n it_o have_v be_v challenge_v and_o draw_v in_o question_n upon_o some_o opinion_n deliver_v in_o the_o rector_n of_o cheddingtons_n case_n in_o sir_n edward_n cook_n first_o report_n where_o it_o say_v that_o one_o contingent_a can_v depend_v upon_o another_o report_n sir_n ed._n cook_n 1_o report_n but_o more_o strict_o it_o be_v call_v to_o a_o account_n in_o the_o lord_n staffords_n case_n in_o sir_n edward_n cook_n eight_o report_n for_o there_o it_o be_v 8._o cook_n rep._n 8._o hold_v that_o one_o possibility_n can_v depend_v upon_o another_o possibility_n and_o this_o case_n be_v there_o put_v that_o if_o a._n let_v land_n to_o b._n for_o year_n upon_o condition_n to_o have_v it_o for_o life_n and_o upon_o condition_n to_o have_v fee_n that_o the_o fee_fw-mi simple_a can_v never_o increase_v by_o the_o second_o condition_n but_o as_o he_o say_v in_o another_o case_n amicus_fw-la plato_n amicus_fw-la socrates_n sed_fw-la magis_fw-la amica_fw-la veritas_fw-la his_o rule_n take_v in_o the_o first_o case_n be_v very_o general_a and_o the_o lord_n staffords_n case_n admit_v distinction_n which_o in_o my_o argument_n i_o shall_v apply_v myself_o unto_o and_o some_o difference_n i_o shall_v take_v in_o this_o point_n in_o question_n therefore_o i_o shall_v thus_o distinguish_v that_o if_o upon_o performance_n of_o the_o first_o condition_n the_o original_a estate_n be_v determine_v upon_o which_o both_o the_o first_o and_o second_o condition_n be_v build_v and_o ground_v the_o second_o condition_n and_o increase_n thereupon_o be_v utter_o void_a but_o if_o the_o first_o estate_n be_v not_o destroy_v nor_o confound_v upon_o the_o first_o condition_n perform_v the_o second_o condition_n and_o estate_n thereof_o which_o shall_v be_v get_v thereby_o may_v then_o well_o grow_v upon_o the_o old_a stock_n to_o explain_v this_o by_o example_n if_o a._n give_v land_n to_o b._n in_o fee_n simple_a upon_o condition_n to_o have_v the_o land_n in_o tail_n upon_o condition_n to_o have_v for_o life_n here_o because_o the_o first_o estate_n and_o livery_n by_o the_o first_o condition_n be_v not_o destroy_v therefore_o the_o second_o condition_n shall_v well_o stand_v in_o force_n so_o i_o do_v make_v a_o lease_n to_o a._n for_o twenty_o year_n upon_o condition_n to_o have_v the_o land_n for_o forty_o year_n upon_o condition_n to_o have_v fee_n this_o first_o condition_n and_o second_o condition_n may_v have_v both_o their_o full_a operation_n for_o by_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o first_o condition_n the_o lease_n of_o twenty_o year_n be_v not_o destroy_v but_o stand_v on_o foot_n and_o therefore_o the_o original_a estate_n remain_v unconfound_v the_o fee_n simple_a may_v well_o increase_v by_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o second_o condition_n but_o if_o a_o lease_n be_v make_v to_o a._n for_o his_o life_n upon_o condition_n to_o have_v in_o tail_n upon_o condition_n to_o have_v fee_n the_o second_o condition_n here_o be_v utter_o void_a because_o by_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o first_o condition_n a._n have_v a_o estate_n in_o tail_n which_o drown_v and_o destroy_v his_o estate_n for_o life_n and_o so_o because_o every_o decrease_a and_o increase_a estate_n be_v to_o depend_v upon_o the_o first_o estate_n which_o receive_v the_o livery_n which_o be_v the_o life_n of_o all_o therefore_o the_o second_o estate_n can_v never_o accrue_v in_o this_o case_n and_o this_o be_v true_a reason_n as_o i_o take_v it_o of_o the_o say_a case_n put_v in_o the_o lord_n staffords_n case_n for_o there_o the_o case_n for_o year_n be_v destroy_v by_o the_o lease_n for_o life_n which_o come_v by_o the_o first_o case_n lord_z staffords_z case_n condition_n and_o so_o the_o fee_fw-mi simple_a there_o can_v never_o accrue_v by_o the_o second_o condition_n and_o in_o answer_n to_o the_o say_v general_a ground_n take_v in_o the_o rector_n of_o cheddingtons_n case_n that_o one_o case_n rector_n de_fw-fr cheddingtons_n case_n contingent_a or_o possibility_n can_v depend_v upon_o another_o under_o favour_n i_o take_v it_o not_o that_o i_o be_o bind_v thereby_o neither_o be_v it_o the_o meaning_n of_o sir_n edward_n cook_n as_o i_o take_v it_o to_o extend_v the_o same_o so_o large_o as_o they_o be_v there_o put_v because_o i_o find_v many_o authority_n of_o great_a account_n which_o be_v against_o the_o say_a general_a position_n and_o first_o in_o the_o 38_o h._n 8._o br._n feoffment_n pl._n 71._o a_o feoffment_n s._n 38_o h._n s._n be_v make_v to_o the_o use_n of_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n until_o i._o s._n pay_v he_o ten_o pound_n and_o then_o to_o i._o s._n and_o his_o heir_n and_o so_o to_o the_o three_o person_n and_o what_o be_v this_o but_o one_o condition_n contingent_a and_o possibility_n to_o depend_v upon_o another_o for_o these_o contingent_n there_o be_v hold_v good_a and_o be_v build_v upon_o a_o sure_a foundation_n and_o so_o in_o dig_v case_n in_o sir_n edward_n cook_n report_v where_o a_o feoffment_n be_v make_v to_o the_o use_n of_o a._n and_o his_o heir_n with_o case_n dig_v case_n power_n of_o revocation_n and_o after_o of_o new_a limitation_n of_o estate_n these_o be_v also_o contingent_n and_o possibility_n
depend_v upon_o other_o and_o many_o such_o double_a contingent_n may_v be_v put_v the_o case_n of_o sir_n edward_n cook_n put_v in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o rector_n of_o cheddingtons_n case_n out_o of_o 12_o lib._n ass_n pl._n 5._o in_o my_o assize_n 12_o lib._n assize_n opinion_n do_v not_o disallow_v the_o second_o condition_n for_o there_o the_o case_n be_v that_o a._n lease_v to_o b._n upon_o condition_n that_o if_o a._n or_o his_o heir_n pay_v to_o b._n ten_o pound_n within_o a_o certain_a day_n that_o they_o may_v re-enter_v and_o if_o a._n nor_o his_o heir_n shall_v not_o pay_v the_o ten_o pound_n within_o the_o time_n then_o if_o b._n pay_v to_o a._n ten_o pound_n at_o another_o day_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v fee_n both_o a._n and_o b._n fail_v in_o payment_n and_o a._n enter_v and_o be_v put_v out_o bring_v a_o assize_n and_o nihil_fw-la caepit_fw-la per_fw-la breve_fw-la this_o do_v not_o prove_v that_o one_o condition_n can_v depend_v upon_o another_o neither_o can_v i_o see_v well_o what_o exposition_n to_o make_v of_o so_o uncertain_a a_o case_n so_o that_o i_o take_v this_o case_n to_o be_v no_o evidence_n against_o i_o but_o in_o the_o 14_o h._n 8._o fol._n 15._o there_o be_v a_o case_n which_o in_o my_o 15._o 14_o h._n 8._o fol._n 15._o opinion_n make_v more_o against_o my_o double_a condition_n then_o any_o other_o which_o be_v put_v by_o brudnel_n chief_a justice_n that_o be_v if_o a._n be_v bind_v in_o a_o obligation_n to_o b._n upon_o condition_n to_o infeoff_v i._o s._n before_o easter_n ensue_v than_o the_o obligation_n to_o be_v void_a and_o if_o he_o do_v not_o infeoff_v he_o then_o to_o pay_v ten_o pound_n at_o pentecost_n than_o the_o obligation_n to_o be_v void_a the_o feoffment_n be_v not_o make_v before_o easter_n therefore_o brudnel_n hold_v the_o obligation_n be_v forfeit_v and_o that_o the_o second_o condition_n be_v not_o good_a but_o there_o be_v a_o quaere_fw-la set_v upon_o that_o case_n and_o so_o it_o may_v well_o be_v for_o i_o see_v it_o common_o do_v that_o if_o a_o defesan_n be_v make_v of_o a_o statute_n which_o be_v break_v and_o so_o the_o statute_n become_v forfeit_a yet_o a_o new_a defesan_n may_v defeat_v it_o and_o so_o in_o my_o opinion_n may_v the_o second_o condition_n in_o this_o case_n avoid_v the_o obligation_n if_o the_o first_o conclusion_n have_v not_o be_v in_o the_o case_n i_o shall_v add_v this_o case_n also_o as_o a_o conceit_n that_o be_v a._n infeoff_n b._n upon_o condition_n if_o a._n go_v to_o lincoln_n he_o shall_v have_v the_o conceit_n a_o conceit_n land_n to_o he_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n and_o if_o he_o go_v to_o boston_n he_o shall_v have_v it_o for_o ten_o year_n and_o he_o go_v first_o to_o boston_n i_o do_v here_o hold_v these_o condition_n be_v put_v promiscuous_o without_o distinction_n of_o the_o time_n of_o the_o condition_n which_o shall_v be_v first_o perform_v and_o which_o the_o second_o that_o the_o fee_n be_v decrease_v into_o a_o estate_n for_o year_n and_o can_v never_o increase_v into_o a_o estate_n in_o tail_n by_o perform_v of_o the_o second_o condition_n because_o the_o livery_n out_o of_o which_o it_o shall_v grow_v be_v quite_o destroy_v by_o the_o first_o decreaser_n so_o that_o my_o intent_n point_n sâ—â—ond_a point_n appear_v that_o one_o condition_n may_v depend_v upon_o another_o upon_o the_o say_a distinction_n but_o whether_o by_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o first_o condition_n in_o my_o case_n there_o will_v a_o estate_n come_v to_o b._n or_o not_o i_o mean_v it_o for_o a_o question_n for_o b._n have_v before_o a_o estate_n for_o his_o own_o life_n then_o be_v it_o not_o possible_a that_o his_o estate_n can_v hereby_o be_v increase_v by_o have_v the_o land_n also_o for_o the_o life_n of_o c._n if_o it_o be_v admit_v argumenti_fw-la gratia_fw-la that_o b._n shall_v or_o may_v have_v both_o these_o estate_n stand_v in_o he_o both_o at_o one_o time_n for_o if_o c._n die_v first_o then_o be_v b._n never_o like_v to_o have_v any_o benefit_n thereof_o and_o if_o b._n himself_o shall_v die_v before_o c._n then_o also_o be_v it_o impossible_a for_o b._n to_o make_v any_o use_n of_o this_o estate_n for_o the_o life_n of_o c._n unless_o it_o be_v in_o he_o to_o grant_v away_o to_o another_o as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o office_n in_o the_o 1_o h._n 7._o where_o a_o office_n case_n 1_o h._n 7._o 29._o crofts_n case_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o king_n the_o king_n can_v not_o have_v the_o office_n himself_o and_o so_o in_o that_o point_n for_o the_o king_n to_o take_v by_o the_o grant_n he_o can_v not_o yet_o by_o that_o book_n it_o be_v in_o he_o to_o grant_v over_o to_o another_o which_o may_v have_v it_o and_o like_v to_o this_o be_v the_o case_n where_o i._o s._n be_v parson_n of_o the_o church_n of_o dale_n and_o the_o patron_n grant_v the_o next_o avoidance_n this_o grant_n can_v he_o himself_o take_v no_o benefit_n by_o unless_o he_o resign_v yet_o if_o he_o die_v it_o shall_v come_v to_o his_o executor_n but_o i_o take_v the_o law_n to_o be_v in_o my_o case_n that_o b._n shall_v not_o by_o the_o first_o condition_n have_v both_o the_o estate_n in_o he_o at_o once_o that_o be_v for_o his_o own_o life_n and_o after_o for_o the_o life_n of_o c._n but_o that_o the_o estate_n of_o b._n by_o the_o first_o condition_n shall_v be_v decrease_v or_o change_v from_o his_o own_o life_n into_o the_o life_n of_o c._n and_o shall_v be_v melt_v and_o new_o mould_v by_o this_o condition_n for_o a_o estate_n may_v as_o well_o decrease_v as_o increase_v by_o a_o condition_n and_o yet_o the_o lord_n staffords_n principal_a case_n be_v that_o queen_n elizabeth_n do_v grant_v the_o manor_n to_o tindal_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n upon_o condition_n upon_o payment_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n to_o she_o by_o tindal_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o reversion_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o there_o it_o be_v hold_v for_o law_n that_o by_o the_o payment_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n the_o reversion_n in_o fee_n simple_a shall_v increase_v to_o tindal_n and_o shall_v not_o alter_v or_o drown_v the_o estate_n tail_n which_o be_v a_o excellent_a case_n but_o alter_v the_o put_n of_o that_o case_n and_o then_o it_o may_v alter_v the_o law_n also_o that_o be_v i_o give_v land_n to_o i._n s._n and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n upon_o condition_n conceit_n a_o conceit_n if_o he_o pay_v i_o twenty_o shilling_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o say_v land_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n in_o my_o conceit_n by_o the_o performance_n of_o this_o condition_n the_o estate_n tail_n be_v by_o increase_n change_v into_o a_o fee_n simple_a in_o which_o note_v the_o difference_n between_o tindals_n case_n and_o this_o where_o upon_o payment_n of_o 20._o s._n the_o reversion_n be_v grant_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o where_o the_o word_n be_v that_o upon_o payment_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n he_o shall_v have_v the_o land_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n in_o the_o first_o case_n the_o fee-simple_n accrue_v shall_v not_o alter_v the_o estate_n tail_n but_o in_o the_o second_o case_n by_o the_o fee_n increase_v the_o estate_n tail_n be_v determine_v and_o change_v into_o a_o fee_n simple_a quod_fw-la quaere_fw-la admit_v the_o first_o condition_n do_v increase_v the_o estate_n of_o b._n from_o his_o own_o life_n to_o the_o life_n of_o c._n and_o the_o second_o condition_n be_v perform_v by_o the_o which_o another_o estate_n will_v accrue_v to_o b._n as_o i_o take_v it_o will_v because_o a_o estate_n decrease_v be_v parcel_n of_o the_o first_o estate_n then_o what_o estate_n b._n have_v get_v by_o this_o new_a limitation_n be_v the_o question_n and_o in_o my_o opinion_n he_o have_v at_o the_o most_o but_o get_v a_o estate_n again_o for_o his_o own_o life_n and_o that_o the_o limitation_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o his_o father_n be_v utter_o void_a be_v his_o father_n dead_a or_o alive_a for_o if_o his_o father_n be_v dead_a his_o elder_a brother_n be_v the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n within_o these_o word_n of_o limitation_n who_o can_v take_v the_o land_n by_o descent_n tail_n littleton_n estate_n tail_n from_o b._n his_o brother_n or_o from_o his_o father_n but_o as_o the_o case_n be_v put_v in_o littleton_n title_n tail_n and_o in_o the_o 4_o and_o 5_o ma._n in_o dier_n ereswould_v dier_n 4_o &_o 5_o ma._n dier_n case_n where_o land_n be_v give_v to_o the_o elder_a son_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o his_o father_n this_o be_v a_o good_a estate_n in_o tail_n be_v make_v to_o the_o elder_a son_n because_o he_o be_v capable_a to_o take_v the_o land_n in_o
both_o degree_n and_o in_o 2_o e._n 3._o the_o case_n 3._o 2_o e._n 3._o be_v famous_a and_o be_v know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o roberges_n case_n where_o land_n be_v give_v to_o she_o and_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o husband_n of_o her_o body_n beget_v and_o it_o be_v there_o hold_v that_o if_o her_o husband_n be_v then_o dead_a and_o leave_v any_o heir_n which_o he_o have_v by_o she_o they_o may_v take_v joint_o with_o she_o for_o that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o take_v by_o descent_n from_o the_o say_v roberges_n because_o he_o which_o take_v it_o must_v not_o be_v heir_n to_o she_o but_o to_o the_o husband_n who_o never_o hold_v any_o estate_n therein_o and_o so_o to_o be_v short_a i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o no_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n be_v gain_v by_o b._n by_o these_o word_n the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o his_o father_n the_o case_n upon_o the_o three_o point_n be_v this_o a_o manor_n be_v grant_v point_n three_o point_n to_o one_o for_o his_o life_n upon_o condition_n to_o have_v it_o for_o the_o life_n of_o c._n then_o a_o copyhold_n be_v forfeit_a and_o before_o the_o lord_n seize_v his_o estate_n be_v alter_v or_o change_v if_o now_o he_o can_v take_v advantage_n of_o this_o forfeiture_n or_o not_o wherein_o the_o alter_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o one_o to_o another_o be_v of_o like_a force_n as_o where_o it_o alter_v in_o the_o party_n self_n against_o which_o it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o if_o tenant_n for_o life_n make_v waste_n and_o then_o he_o in_o the_o reversion_n grant_v over_o the_o reversion_n the_o grantee_n shall_v not_o now_o punish_v this_o waste_n and_o so_o mr._n perkins_n fol._n 20._o if_o a_o tenant_n alien_n in_o mortmain_n and_o 20._o perkins_n so_o 20._o then_o the_o lord_n grant_v away_o his_o signiory_n the_o grantee_n shall_v not_o enter_v for_o this_o mortmain_n so_o by_o fitz._n in_o his_o nat._n breed_v in_o his_o admeasurement_n brc._a fitz._n har._n nat._n brc._a of_o dower_n if_o a_o garden_n assign_v to_o a_o woman_n more_o dower_n than_o she_o ought_v to_o have_v and_o then_o grant_v his_o gardenship_n over_o the_o grantee_n can_v have_v a_o admeasurement_n of_o dower_n against_o she_o and_o so_o binghams_n case_n in_o sir_n edward_n cook_n 2._o rep._n where_o there_o be_v tenant_n for_o life_n remainder_n in_o fee_n of_o a_o tenancy_n hold_v rep._n binghams_n case_n cook_n 2_o rep._n by_o knight_n service_n and_o he_o in_o remainder_n die_v his_o heir_n within_o age_n and_o then_o the_o lord_n grant_v away_o his_o signiory_n and_o then_o tenant_n for_o life_n die_v by_o which_o the_o say_a heir_n be_v to_o have_v be_v in_o ward_n yet_o because_o the_o signiory_n be_v grant_v away_o after_o the_o inception_n of_o the_o wardship_n before_o it_o be_v perfect_o due_a it_o be_v there_o hold_v that_o neither_o the_o grant_n nor_o the_o grantee_n shall_v have_v the_o same_o so_o lessee_n for_o life_n without_o impeachment_n dicr_n bokenhams_n case_n in_o dicr_n of_o waist_n remainder_n for_o his_o own_o life_n the_o privilege_n be_v lose_v but_o yet_o notwithstanding_o i_o do_v hold_v that_o in_o this_o case_n b._n after_o he_o have_v by_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o condition_n alter_v his_o estate_n which_o he_o have_v when_o the_o forfeiture_n be_v commit_v yet_o shall_v he_o afterward_o take_v advantage_n thereof_o well_o enough_o as_o if_o there_o be_v tenant_n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n for_o life_n to_o i._o s._n and_o the_o first_o tenant_n for_o life_n commit_v waste_n or_o forfeiture_n he_o in_o the_o reversion_n can_v punish_v this_o during_o the_o life_n of_o he_o in_o the_o remainder_n for_o life_n but_o after_o his_o death_n he_o may_v also_o if_o one_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n upon_o condition_n to_o be_v void_a and_o the_o lessor_n grant_v away_o his_o reversion_n the_o grantee_n may_v enter_v for_o breach_n of_o this_o condition_n by_o 11_o h._n 7._o 17._o and_o yet_o here_o the_o estate_n in_o reversion_n be_v alter_v from_o 17._o 11_o h._n 7._o 17._o one_o to_o another_o and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o if_o a_o tenant_n for_o life_n be_v the_o remainder_n in_o fee_n to_o another_o of_o a_o manor_n and_o a_o copyhold_n be_v forfeit_a and_o then_o tenant_n for_o life_n die_v that_o he_o in_o remainder_n may_v enter_v into_o this_o copyhold_n and_o yet_o this_o estate_n be_v alter_v into_o a_o possession_n from_o a_o remainder_n and_o in_o the_o case_n although_o the_o estate_n in_o b._n be_v alter_v yet_o it_o be_v by_o decreaser_n and_o so_o thereby_o it_o be_v parcel_n of_o the_o old_a estate_n he_o have_v before_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v like_a to_o a_o case_n where_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n be_v tenant_n in_o special_a tail_n and_o they_o recover_v by_o assize_n and_o then_o the_o husband_n die_v and_o after_o his_o death_n without_o issue_n the_o wife_n estate_n be_v alter_v from_o a_o estate_n tail_n into_o a_o estate_n of_o possibility_n of_o issue_n extinct_a be_v again_o put_v out_o and_o disseize_v and_o she_o bring_v a_o writ_n of_o redisseisin_n 77._o 2_o h._n 4._o 17._o &_o 26_o h._n 6._o title_n aid_v pl._n 77._o which_o will_v not_o lie_v but_o on_o the_o first_o estate_n and_o against_o the_o first_o party_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v maintain_v because_o it_o be_v parcel_n of_o her_o former_a estate_n and_o so_o in_o this_o case_n although_o the_o estate_n of_o b._n be_v alter_v from_o his_o own_o life_n into_o the_o life_n of_o c._n yet_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o he_o may_v take_v advantage_n of_o this_o forfeiture_n because_o the_o customary_a estate_n be_v utter_o void_a thereby_o point_n upon_o the_o statute_n i_o be_o determine_v before_o i_o enter_v into_o the_o discourse_n of_o new_a defence_n in_o my_o case_n to_o deliver_v my_o opinion_n touch_v the_o wall_n bank_n and_o other_o ancient_a defence_n which_o have_v have_v their_o be_v time_n out_o of_o memory_n and_o in_o truth_n be_v the_o very_a material_n and_o memorial_n of_o antiquity_n and_o because_o bank_n and_o wall_n be_v the_o first_o name_v in_o the_o commission_n they_o shall_v therefore_o have_v the_o first_o place_n in_o my_o argument_n be_v the_o most_o ancient_a and_o approve_a defence_n as_o well_o against_o the_o rage_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o against_o the_o violence_n of_o fresh_a water_n that_o either_o art_n or_o nature_n have_v produce_v bank_n the_o bank_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v the_o utmost_a border_n of_o dry_a land_n and_o be_v of_o the_o same_o material_n with_o the_o ground_n wherein_o and_o whereon_o it_o stand_v it_o be_v sometime_o natural_a and_o in_o some_o place_n artificial_a natural_a as_o mountain_n raise_v high_a than_o other_o ground_n adjoin_v as_o it_o please_v the_o creator_n when_o the_o first_o huge_a chaos_n be_v separate_v divide_a and_o distribute_v artificial_a when_o it_o be_v cast_v by_o man_n hand_n justinian_n the_o emperor_n treat_v of_o these_o in_o his_o institutes_n and_o his_o title_n de_fw-fr rerum_fw-la divisione_n describe_v they_o in_o this_o manner_n riparum_fw-la usus_fw-la est_fw-la publicus_fw-la illar_n '_o verò_fw-la domin_v '_o ad_fw-la eos_fw-la pertinet_fw-la qui_fw-la proximior_fw-la praediis_fw-la domini_fw-la sunt_fw-la itaque_fw-la nave_n ad_fw-la eas_fw-la appellere_fw-la funes_fw-la arboribus_fw-la ibi_fw-la natis_fw-la religare_fw-la onus_fw-la aliquod_fw-la in_o his_o reponere_fw-la cuilibet_fw-la liberum_fw-la est_fw-la by_o which_o authority_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o ownership_n and_o property_n of_o the_o sea_n bank_n and_o bank_n of_o great_a river_n be_v to_o they_o who_o ground_n be_v next_o thereto_o adjoin_v and_o the_o tree_n grass_n and_o other_o thing_n thereon_o grow_v belong_v to_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o soil_n but_o the_o use_n of_o the_o bank_n be_v common_a to_o all_o the_o king_n liege_n people_n as_o to_o tie_v the_o ship_n and_o boat_n to_o the_o tree_n and_o to_o tow_v they_o to_o and_o fro_o and_o to_o lade_v and_o unlade_v their_o merchandize_n thereon_o and_o for_o fisher_n to_o dry_v their_o net_n on_o and_o as_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o proprietor_n of_o the_o ground_n can_v justify_v the_o dig_v or_o cast_v of_o they_o down_o whereby_o the_o people_n shall_v be_v hinder_v of_o their_o necessary_a use_n thereof_o no_o more_o can_v the_o people_n which_o have_v but_o necessarium_fw-la usum_fw-la fall_v up_o the_o tree_n or_o mow_v the_o grass_n thereon_o grow_v neither_o aught_o they_o to_o dig_v ballast_n there_o but_o every_o one_o as_o well_o owner_n as_o user_n sic_fw-la uti_fw-la svo_fw-la ut_fw-la alienum_fw-la non_fw-la laedat_fw-la i_o can_v more_o apt_o compare_v a_o bank_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o of_o a_o navigable_a river_n then_o to_o a_o highway_n for_o that_o the_o property_n thereof_o be_v to_o he_o who_o ground_n be_v next_o adjoin_v and_o the_o
decree_n of_o the_o sale_n must_v be_v direct_v by_o and_o depend_v upon_o the_o sesse_v but_o if_o after_o the_o general_n sesse_v be_v lay_v the_o same_o be_v after_o assess_v upon_o particular_a person_n by_o particular_a sum_n by_o the_o say_a commissioner_n then_o upon_o default_n of_o payment_n their_o land_n make_v default_n may_v be_v decree_v from_o they_o by_o the_o power_n of_o this_o statute_n if_o a_o assess_v or_o charge_v of_o payment_n be_v lay_v upon_o certain_a land_n without_o mention_v the_o owner_n the_o land_n can_v be_v decree_v from_o he_o by_o this_o law_n for_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v that_o if_o any_o person_n or_o person_n assess_v to_o any_o lot_n or_o charge_n do_v not_o pay_v so_o that_o i_o shall_v take_v it_o that_o no_o decree_n for_o sale_n of_o land_n can_v be_v make_v but_o where_o there_o be_v a_o person_n certain_o assess_v by_o name_n land_n can_v be_v decree_v away_o from_o the_o owner_n for_o default_n of_o payment_n of_o fines_n amerciament_n or_o pain_n for_o though_o these_o be_v sum_n of_o money_n or_o charge_n impose_v by_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n of_o person_n certain_a for_o matter_n touch_v these_o law_n yet_o because_o they_o be_v not_o sess_v or_o rate_v towards_o the_o repair_n of_o any_o work_n of_o sewer_n but_o be_v set_v upon_o the_o party_n as_o mulct_n and_o punishment_n and_o be_v due_a to_o the_o king_n therefore_o no_o decree_n of_o land_n can_v be_v make_v for_o any_o of_o they_o now_o the_o second_o part_n of_o this_o clause_n be_v what_o land_n may_v be_v decree_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n and_o thereby_o it_o appear_v they_o must_v be_v such_o land_n as_o lie_v and_o be_v within_o the_o power_n of_o this_o commission_n of_o sewer_n and_o herein_o rest_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o case_n of_o a_o distress_n for_o a_o sesse_v which_o may_v be_v take_v in_o any_o place_n within_o this_o realm_n and_o the_o decree_n of_o sale_n of_o land_n for_o nonpayment_n of_o a_o sesse_v which_o must_v lie_v within_o the_o bound_n and_o extent_n of_o the_o commission_n for_o this_o distress_n be_v circumscribe_v to_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o statute_n which_o be_v over_o the_o whole_a realm_n and_o the_o sale_n be_v tie_v to_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o commission_n and_o i_o be_o also_o of_o opinion_n that_o no_o land_n can_v be_v sell_v away_o by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n but_o such_o as_o be_v charge_v with_o the_o sesse_v if_o one_o hold_v his_o land_n in_o comitat_fw-la '_o eborum_fw-la to_o repair_v a_o sea-bank_n in_o the_o county_n of_o lincoln_n and_o the_o owner_n be_v assess_v therefore_o and_o make_v default_n of_o payment_n the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n in_o the_o county_n of_o lincoln_n may_v give_v warrant_n to_o distrain_v for_o this_o sesse_v in_o the_o county_n of_o york_n but_o they_o can_v decree_v away_o by_o sale_n those_o land_n lie_v there_o which_o be_v charge_v with_o the_o sesse_v a_o copyholder_n land_n can_v be_v decree_v against_o he_o by_o this_o law_n for_o if_o it_o may_v than_o these_o customary_a land_n shall_v be_v transfer_v from_o one_o to_o another_o contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o manor_n whereof_o they_o be_v parcel_n and_o it_o will_v infringe_v that_o rule_n which_o be_v deliver_v in_o heidons_n case_n case_n heidons_n case_n in_o cook_n 3_o report_n which_o be_v when_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n do_v alter_v the_o service_n tenure_n and_o interest_n of_o the_o land_n or_o other_o thing_n in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o lord_n or_o of_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o manor_n or_o of_o the_o tenant_n there_o the_o general_a word_n of_o such_o a_o statute_n do_v not_o extend_v to_o copyhold_n and_o in_o this_o case_n if_o any_o sale_n shall_v be_v make_v by_o the_o commissioner_n all_o the_o say_a rule_n shall_v be_v infringe_v for_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n to_o pass_v these_o land_n without_o surrender_n it_o be_v in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o lord_n to_o have_v copyhold-land_n pass_v and_o he_o to_o have_v no_o fine_a and_o i_o be_o likewise_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o freehold_a of_o these_o land_n can_v not_o be_v pass_v away_o for_o a_o sesse_v or_o a_o lay_n because_o the_o lord_n have_v but_o the_o shadow_n and_o the_o copyholder_n have_v the_o substance_n but_o if_o the_o lord_n rent_n of_o assize_n shall_v be_v assess_v as_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v and_o he_o do_v neglect_v to_o pay_v than_o these_o rent_n may_v be_v decree_v from_o he_o and_o so_o may_v all_o other_o land_n tenement_n and_o hereditament_n decree_v in_o respect_n whereof_o one_o be_v sessable_a and_o sess_v by_o the_o law_n the_o three_o branch_n of_o this_o clause_n be_v the_o direct_a point_n in_o my_o case_n viz._n what_o person_n &_o what_o estate_n be_v bind_v by_o these_o decree_n and_o first_o of_o the_o heir_n in_o tail_n whether_o they_o be_v bind_v by_o a_o decree_n make_v against_o the_o donee_n in_o tail_n their_o ancestor_n be_v the_o question_n in_o the_o handle_n whereof_o i_o hold_v it_o sit_v to_o show_v in_o what_o case_n the_o heir_n in_o tail_n have_v be_v bind_v by_o the_o act_n of_o their_o ancestor_n and_o the_o reason_n and_o cause_n thereof_o and_o therefore_o if_o a_o disseisor_n make_v a_o gift_n in_o tail_n and_o the_o donee_n in_o tail_n grant_v a_o rent_n to_o the_o dissessee_n for_o release_v of_o his_o right_n this_o will_v bind_v the_o heir_n in_o tail_n for_o that_o by_o this_o release_n his_o estate_n which_o before_o be_v defeisable_v be_v now_o confirm_v as_o by_o the_o book_n of_o 44_o ed._n 3._o 22._o and_o 20_o ed._n 4._o 13._o 3._o 44_o ed._n 3._o 20_o ed._n 4._o 46_o ed._n 3._o appear_v and_o so_o in_o 46_o ed._n 3._o a_o gift_n in_o tail_n be_v make_v ita_fw-la quod_fw-la the_o donee_n may_v alien_n to_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o heir_n in_o tail_n and_o and_o this_o by_o judge_n welbey_n be_v hold_v a_o condition_n which_o bind_v the_o heir_n in_o tail_n for_o his_o benefit_n and_o in_o 12._o ed._n 4._o 1._o tregouse_n and_o taltarm_n case_n be_v that_o a_o recovery_n against_o tenant_n 4._o 12_o ed._n 4._o in_o tail_n with_o a_o voucher_n by_o he_o over_o do_v bind_v the_o heir_n in_o tail_n by_o the_o common_a law_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o intend_a recompense_n which_o be_v to_o come_v to_o he_o by_o the_o voucher_n and_o so_o a_o lineal_a warranty_n with_o asset_n and_o a_o collateral_a warranty_n without_o asset_n be_v and_o be_v both_o of_o they_o bar_n to_o the_o issue_n by_o reason_n also_o of_o the_o intend_a recompense_n and_o these_o be_v thing_n which_o be_v original_o tie_v to_o those_o estate_n and_o be_v incident_n to_o they_o ab_fw-la initio_fw-la and_o therefore_o this_o shall_v suffice_v to_o treat_v of_o bar_n to_o the_o issue_n in_o tail_n by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o now_o i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o show_v in_o what_o case_n they_o be_v bar_v of_o their_o estate_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 16_o r._n 2._o cap._n 5._o the_o land_n and_o tenement_n 2._o 16_o r._n 2._o of_o one_o attaint_n in_o a_o praemunire_n be_v to_o be_v forfeit_v to_o the_o king_n and_o in_o 21_o eliz._n one_o trudgin_n be_v tenant_n in_o tail_n el._n 11_o el._n and_o be_v attaint_v in_o a_o praemunire_n and_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o entail_v land_n be_v forfeit_v against_o the_o issue_n in_o tail_n or_o not_o and_o in_o doctor_n forster_n case_n in_o cook_n 11_o report_n rep._n c._n 11_o rep._n it_o be_v there_o say_v to_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o general_a word_n of_o that_o statute_n do_v not_o repeal_v the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n 2._o of_o entail_v and_o so_o the_o forfeiture_n be_v there_o resolve_v to_o continue_v but_o for_o the_o life_n of_o trudgin_n and_o do_v not_o bind_v the_o issue_n in_o tail_n a_o judgement_n in_o debt_n against_o tenant_n in_o tail_n or_o if_o he_o be_v bind_v in_o a_o statute_n or_o in_o a_o recognizance_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o statute_n the_o land_n entail_v be_v not_o extendable_a nor_o to_o be_v hold_v in_o extent_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n 2._o acton_n burnel_n or_o by_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr mercatoribus_fw-la by_o any_o of_o the_o general_a word_n of_o these_o law_n but_o the_o statute_n of_o 33_o h._n 8._o cap._n 39_o by_o express_a word_n bind_v the_o heir_n in_o tail_n for_o their_o land_n 8._o 23_o h._n 8._o who_o ancestor_n stand_v indebt_v to_o the_o king_n by_o judgement_n recognizance_n obligation_n or_o other_o specialty_n but_o the_o statute_n of_o 26_o h._n 8._o cap._n 13._o enact_n that_o every_o 8._o 26_o h._n 8._o one_o which_o shall_v be_v
be_v devise_v by_o will_n to_o a._n one_o of_o the_o executor_n 6._o 37_o h._n 6._o to_o have_v the_o occupation_n during_o his_o life_n the_o remainder_n thereof_o in_o like_a manner_n to_o b._n for_o his_o life_n and_o after_o to_o be_v dispose_v by_o the_o executor_n to_o the_o churchwarden_n of_o dale_n that_o it_o do_v pass_v to_o a._n and_o b._n in_o point_n of_o estate_n but_o only_o the_o use_n and_o occupation_n thereof_o be_v dispose_v to_o be_v rule_v according_a to_o the_o say_a limitation_n but_o the_o property_n remain_v in_o the_o executor_n so_o in_o paramore_n and_o yardleys_n case_n in_o the_o com._n and_o case_n paramore_n yardleys_n case_n mannning_n case_n in_o matthew_n manning_n case_n in_o cook_n report_n a_o term_n of_o year_n can_v not_o be_v devise_v to_o a._n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n thereof_o to_o b._n for_o his_o life_n to_o pass_v in_o this_o manner_n in_o point_n of_o estate_n neither_o can_v these_o estate_n be_v make_v thereof_o but_o by_o construction_n the_o same_o be_v dispose_v of_o to_o go_v by_o way_n of_o executory_a devise_n and_o so_o the_o stock_n in_o my_o case_n be_v not_o transfer_v in_o point_n of_o estate_n with_o the_o land_n but_o in_o point_n of_o executory_a disposition_n of_o the_o occupation_n and_o use_n thereof_o only_o and_o therefore_o if_o one_o let_v a_o stock_n of_o cattle_n or_o sheep_n with_o ground_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o term_n the_o good_n as_o accessary_a with_o the_o land_n as_o principal_a shall_v return_v to_o the_o lessor_n and_o during_o the_o term_n the_o lessor_n have_v the_o property_n of_o they_o and_o the_o lessee_n the_o possession_n thereof_o and_o the_o lessee_n shall_v have_v the_o yearly_a profit_n thereof_o for_o his_o rent_n and_o here_o i_o do_v end_n this_o first_o point_n and_o will_v proceed_v to_o the_o rest_n the_o second_o point_n there_o be_v two_o joyntenant_n and_o one_o of_o they_o and_o a_o estranger_fw-fr do_v disseise_v the_o other_o what_o interest_n the_o stranger_n gain_v thereby_o be_v the_o question_n i_o be_o clear_a of_o opinion_n as_o many_o book_n be_v that_o one_o joyntenant_n may_v disseise_v his_o companion_n by_o a_o express_a ouster_n but_o when_o a_o stranger_n join_v therein_o in_o what_o part_n that_o do_v alter_v the_o case_n be_v the_o matter_n for_o if_o the_o stranger_n shall_v get_v a_o joint_a estate_n in_o possession_n with_o the_o joyntenant_n who_o he_o join_v withal_o that_o be_v to_o make_v a_o double_a joynt-tenancy_n in_o uno_fw-la eodemque_fw-la gradu_fw-la for_o the_o joyntenant_v which_o commit_v the_o disseisin_n which_o have_v the_o possession_n and_o the_o joyntenant_v which_o be_v disseise_v and_o which_o have_v the_o right_a do_v hold_v joyntenancy_n still_o for_o by_o 36_o ed._n 3._o right_o may_v hold_v 3._o 36_o ed._n 3._o joyntenancy_n with_o a_o possession_n and_o the_o one_o may_v take_v by_o survivor_n from_o the_o other_o in_o 9_o h._n 7._o fol._n 23._o that_o he_o in_o remainder_n and_o a_o stranger_n may_v disseise_v tenant_n for_o life_n and_o shall_v be_v both_o disseisor_n but_o in_o that_o case_n they_o be_v both_o stranger_n to_o the_o particular_a estate_n also_o it_o be_v manifest_v that_o one_o joyntenancy_n may_v be_v build_v upon_o another_o as_o if_o two_o joyntenant_n be_v disseise_v by_o other_o two_o joyntenant_n of_o the_o right_n semel_fw-la but_o not_o simul_fw-la but_o in_o our_o principal_a case_n whether_o one_o joyntenant_n may_v hold_v the_o possession_n of_o a_o moiety_n with_o his_o first_o companion_n in_o jointure_n with_o his_o moiety_n in_o right_n and_o can_v also_o uno_fw-la tempore_fw-la hold_v joyntenancy_n in_o possession_n with_o a_o stranger_n of_o the_o moiety_n upon_o which_o the_o disseisin_n be_v commit_v i_o suppose_v he_o can_v because_o than_o he_o shall_v hold_v partnership_n with_o both_o of_o one_o thing_n and_o therefore_o in_o my_o opinion_n the_o stranger_n get_v nothing_o in_o my_o case_n but_o be_v only_o a_o coadjutor_n and_o no_o disseisor_n which_o get_v the_o tenancy_n the_o three_o point_n but_o admit_v the_o stranger_n do_v get_v a_o moiety_n of_o a_o moiety_n by_o join_v in_o the_o disseisin_n than_o what_o alteration_n this_o release_n will_v work_v in_o my_o case_n be_v the_o next_o question_n it_o be_v true_a as_o mr._n littelton_n say_v that_o if_o there_o be_v two_o littleton_n littleton_n disseisor_n and_o the_o disseisee_fw-mi release_v to_o one_o of_o they_o he_o shall_v hold_v his_o companion_n out_o of_o all_o the_o like_a law_n be_v in_o my_o case_n of_o two_o abater_n and_o two_o intruder_n but_o if_o two_o disseisor_n be_v and_o they_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n render_v rend_v and_o then_o the_o disseisee_fw-mi release_v to_o one_o of_o the_o disseisor_n i_o suppose_v this_o release_n shall_v inure_v to_o both_o because_o the_o lessee_n for_o year_n who_o estate_n shall_v be_v strengthen_v by_o this_o release_n be_v in_o by_o the_o title_n under_o both_o of_o they_o and_o now_o they_o be_v tenant_n of_o a_o reversion_n only_o and_o of_o a_o rent_n thereto_o incident_a which_o be_v not_o get_v by_o the_o disseisin_n but_o be_v compose_v by_o the_o legal_a contract_n of_o the_o party_n so_o if_o two_o be_v admit_v to_o a_o copyhold_n by_o tort_n or_o to_o a_o office_n in_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n unlawful_o though_o their_o entry_n be_v unlawful_a yet_o because_o they_o come_v in_o by_o admittance_n which_o be_v at_o the_o door_n of_o justice_n i_o suppose_v therefore_o that_o if_o a_o release_n be_v make_v to_o one_o of_o they_o by_o the_o disseisee_fw-mi it_o shall_v inure_v to_o both_o because_o they_o have_v some_o colour_n and_o countenance_n to_o enter_v more_o than_o express_v disseisor_n or_o intrudor_n have_v but_o if_o a_o son_n and_o a_o stranger_n disseise_v the_o father_n and_o after_o the_o father_n die_v and_o the_o right_n descend_v to_o the_o son_n by_o this_o release_n in_o law_n and_o by_o the_o accession_n of_o the_o right_n by_o descent_n to_o the_o tortuous_a possession_n it_o do_v inure_v only_o to_o the_o son_n and_o although_o this_o release_n be_v upon_o condition_n which_o by_o the_o breach_n thereof_o seem_v to_o set_v the_o relessor_n in_o the_o same_o state_n he_o be_v before_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o admit_v the_o joint_a disseisor_n which_o be_v expel_v thereby_o to_o become_v a_o copartner_n again_o with_o his_o fellow_n as_o if_o the_o son_n and_o a_o stranger_n disseise_v the_o father_n and_o the_o father_n die_v the_o stranger_n hereby_o be_v expel_v by_o the_o descent_n of_o this_o right_n to_o the_o son_n yet_o if_o after_o a_o more_o near_a heir_n be_v bear_v as_o the_o elder_a brother_n die_v his_o wife_n einsent_n with_o a_o son_n which_o after_o the_o decease_n of_o the_o grandfather_n be_v bear_v whereby_o the_o inheritance_n of_o this_o land_n be_v he_o yet_o the_o other_o joint_a disseisor_n which_o be_v expel_v by_o the_o descent_n of_o the_o right_n of_o his_o fellow_n disseisor_n by_o the_o departure_n of_o the_o right_n with_o the_o possession_n can_v enter_v upon_o his_o fellow_n disseisor_n in_o my_o opinion_n but_o now_o the_o question_n be_v further_a what_o be_v reduce_v by_o this_o condition_n the_o right_a only_o which_o be_v release_v or_o the_o possession_n together_o with_o this_o right_n for_o if_o but_o a_o right_a be_v reduce_v than_o a_o descent_n happen_v may_v perchance_o toll_n the_o entry_n of_o the_o relessor_n and_o so_o he_o may_v be_v put_v to_o his_o writ_n of_o right_n in_o fee_n and_o if_o it_o be_v a_o right_a of_o a_o inferior_a degree_n as_o in_o our_o case_n it_o be_v but_o for_o life_n than_o he_o shall_v be_v with_o out_o remedy_n but_o in_o my_o opinion_n where_o the_o release_n do_v inure_v by_o way_n of_o 3._o 17_o assiz_n pl._n 2._o 17._o ed._n 3._o entry_n and_o feoffment_n be_v upon_o condition_n it_o may_v in_o that_o case_n by_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o condition_n reduce_v the_o possession_n and_o give_v the_o relessor_n a_o reentry_n because_o in_o intelligenti_fw-la a_o legis_fw-la the_o land_n be_v pass_v thereby_o and_o not_o a_o right_a only_o but_o if_o it_o have_v inute_v by_o way_n of_o mitter_n le_fw-fr droit_fw-fr only_a i_o take_v it_o report_n bevils_n case_n 4_o report_n then_o it_o will_v reduce_v but_o a_o right_a but_o in_o our_o case_n i_o suppose_v if_o it_o have_v have_v any_o work_n at_o all_o it_o be_v by_o entry_n and_o feoffment_n yet_o i_o think_v nothing_o do_v inure_v thereby_o to_o the_o stranger_n which_o in_o my_o case_n be_v call_v d._n because_o he_o want_v the_o freehold_a whereupon_o it_o shall_v inure_v and_o so_o i_o end_v my_o common_a law_n point_n and_o i_o will_v now_o in_o hand_n with_o my_o statute_n the_o part_n of_o the_o statute_n whereupon_o i_o do_v ground_n my_o subsequent_a
case_n five_o if_o i._o s._n by_o reason_n of_o his_o land_n or_o otherwise_o be_v tie_v to_o repair_v the_o sea_n bank_n but_o the_o hazard_n be_v so_o apparent_a dangerous_a to_o the_o country_n that_o i._o s._n in_o all_o likelihood_n can_v repair_v the_o same_o and_o so_o the_o country_n may_v be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v overflow_v ere_o i._n s._n alone_o can_v do_v it_o here_o also_o the_o country_n on_o that_o level_n be_v to_o be_v rate_v and_o tax_v towards_o the_o same_o keighleys_n case_n six_o if_o the_o sea_n at_o the_o spring_n tide_n or_o at_o extraordinary_a casual_a swell_a tide_n or_o flood_n have_v break_v down_o the_o fence_n and_o overthrow_v the_o bank_n and_o drown_v the_o country_n without_o any_o default_n in_o the_o party_n who_o be_v tie_v to_o have_v repair_v the_o same_o the_o level_n shall_v in_o this_o case_n make_v up_o the_o breach_n for_o thing_n which_o happen_v extraordinary_o by_o the_o sea_n or_o great_a water_n which_o neither_o policy_n of_o man_n can_v prevent_v nor_o industry_n or_o force_n can_v resist_v be_v count_v irevitable_a and_o undefenceable_a and_o so_o be_v the_o law_n in_o the_o case_n of_o lessee_n for_o year_n or_o for_o life_n if_o they_o suffer_v by_o neglect_v their_o bank_n or_o wall_n to_o be_v break_v down_o and_o their_o ground_n surround_v they_o be_v punishable_a in_o a_o action_n of_o waste_n but_o if_o those_o ground_n by_o the_o extraordinary_a rage_n and_o violence_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o water_n be_v bear_v down_o and_o their_o ground_n surround_v thereby_o they_o be_v in_o this_o case_n free_v from_o all_o waste_v and_o in_o proof_n thereof_o the_o case_n in_o 28_o and_o 29_o h._n 8._o dier_n fol._n 33._o be_v much_o to_o this_o purpose_n where_o one_o dier_n 28_o h._n 8._o dier_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n of_o ground_n to_o i._o s._n lie_v near_o the_o river_n of_o eye_n and_o the_o lessee_n covenant_v to_o repair_v the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n to_o preserve_v the_o meadow_n from_o surrounder_n yet_o after_o a_o extraordinary_a flood_n the_o bank_n be_v break_v down_o and_o the_o meadow_n be_v surround_v and_o it_o be_v there_o hold_v to_o be_v no_o breach_n of_o covenant_n nota_fw-la this_o be_v in_o ☞_o ☞_o the_o case_n of_o a_o fresh_a river_n whereby_o in_o this_o case_n the_o law_n must_v lay_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o level_n if_o any_o danger_n be_v likely_a to_o ensue_v by_o the_o protract_n of_o time_n seven_o if_o one_o do_v hold_v his_o land_n by_o the_o yearly_a payment_n of_o ten_o shilling_n towards_o the_o repair_n of_o a_o wall_n if_o this_o money_n will_v not_o defray_v the_o charge_n the_o rest_n must_v be_v lay_v on_o the_o level_n eight_o if_o a_o new_a wall_n or_o bank_n be_v to_o be_v erect_v or_o a_o new_a sewer_n trench_n or_o river_n to_o be_v cast_v or_o sluice_n or_o new_a goat_n to_o be_v build_v in_o these_o case_n the_o commissioner_n must_v lay_v the_o charge_n on_o the_o level_n which_o be_v to_o take_v benefit_n thereby_o as_o well_o for_o new_a build_n thereof_o as_o with_o the_o maintain_n of_o they_o for_o in_o the_o case_n of_o new_a defence_n there_o can_v be_v no_o prescription_n custom_n or_o tenure_n bind_v to_o do_v the_o same_o and_o last_o in_o case_n there_o be_v a_o great_a port_n in_o the_o country_n by_o the_o which_o the_o whole_a country_n have_v benefit_n for_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n as_o have_v be_v say_v be_v ostia_n &_o januae_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o be_v the_o defence_n to_o the_o whole_a country_n tempore_fw-la pacis_fw-la &_o tempore_fw-la belli_fw-la and_o be_v these_o place_n by_o mean_n whereof_o the_o upland_n country_n be_v make_v partaker_n of_o the_o sea_n commodity_n therefore_o in_o my_o opinion_n the_o extraordinary_a repair_n of_o these_o be_v not_o altogether_o tie_v to_o the_o level_n as_o in_o other_o case_n nor_o to_o prescription_n or_o custom_n of_o repair_v which_o extend_v but_o to_o ordinary_a defect_n but_o upon_o great_a and_o urgent_a necessity_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o port_n upon_o the_o welfare_n whereof_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o country_n do_v depend_v the_o whole_a country_n be_v oblige_v and_o bind_v to_o contribute_v towards_o the_o repair_v for_o these_o reason_n follow_v first_o for_o that_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n it_o be_v the_o gate_n which_o open_v itself_o to_o let_v in_o from_o foreign_a part_n the_o ship_n and_o bark_n which_o bring_v hither_o to_o this_o island_n such_o merchandize_n ware_n and_o commodity_n both_o for_o our_o profit_n and_o pleasure_n as_o we_o have_v need_v to_o use_v second_o at_o these_o port_n we_o ship_n out_o to_o foreign_a nation_n our_o excess_n of_o corn_n cloth_n skin_n lead_v and_o other_o ware_n wherewithal_o we_o do_v abound_v and_o receive_v in_o truck_v therefore_o other_o thing_n more_o useful_a and_o necessary_a for_o we_o three_o in_o time_n of_o war_n we_o have_v ship_v here_o for_o our_o soldier_n and_o mean_n at_o the_o easy_a charge_n to_o transport_v they_o to_o such_o place_n as_o the_o king_n and_o council_n shall_v direct_v four_o in_o those_o port_n be_v common_o great_a havens_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a receptacle_n of_o all_o our_o fresh_a water_n into_o which_o the_o water_n which_o drown_v the_o ground_n of_o the_o country_n adjoin_v be_v convey_v and_o last_o it_o appear_v by_o divers_a author_n that_o a_o country_n well_o furnish_v with_o port_n and_o havens_n be_v not_o more_o strengthen_v then_o honour_v thereby_o and_o if_o it_o be_v as_o lawful_a as_o convenient_a to_o put_v a_o case_n of_o chronicle_n law_n upon_o it_o in_o the_o 28_o year_n eliz._n in_o holingshead_n chronicle_n it_o appear_v what_o great_a care_n the_o queen_n and_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o privy_a counsel_n and_o the_o cron._n hol._n cron._n knight_n and_o gentleman_n of_o kent_n take_v for_o the_o repair_n of_o dover_n haven_n what_o preparation_n be_v make_v for_o it_o what_o money_n levy_v and_o how_o forward_o all_o the_o country_n be_v to_o effect_v that_o work_n may_v be_v a_o spectacle_n to_o other_o for_o to_o lend_v their_o help_a hand_n to_o the_o maintain_n of_o such_o worthy_a work_n be_v of_o all_o other_o the_o most_o honourable_a to_o our_o nation_n and_o the_o most_o useful_a to_o the_o enrich_n thereof_o for_o which_o cause_v in_o my_o opinion_n because_o the_o mountain_n as_o well_o as_o the_o valley_n have_v both_o salvationem_fw-la defentionem_fw-la &_o commodum_fw-la thereby_o therefore_o in_o time_n of_o need_n the_o one_o as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o shall_v be_v charge_v by_o the_o power_n of_o this_o commission_n to_o contribute_v to_o the_o extraordinary_a repair_n of_o the_o same_o i_o have_v now_o proceed_v in_o this_o point_n of_o sess_n so_o far_o that_o i_o take_v it_o i_o may_v just_o here_o make_v my_o full_a period_n of_o this_o day_n exercise_v and_o i_o have_v take_v up_o the_o more_o time_n herein_o because_o thereupon_o a_o main_a part_n and_o strength_n of_o this_o law_n consist_v and_o therefore_o i_o will_v now_o apply_v myself_o to_o my_o conclusion_n in_o the_o which_o i_o have_v already_o proceed_v so_o far_o that_o i_o have_v make_v it_o in_o some_o sort_n to_o appear_v that_o some_o of_o the_o sess_v in_o particular_a be_v not_o well_o impose_v as_o the_o lessee_n in_o case_n of_o the_o new_a defence_n be_v not_o alone_o chargeable_a for_o that_o he_o in_o the_o reversion_n be_v to_o contribute_v thereto_o and_o that_o no_o imposition_n ought_v to_o have_v be_v lay_v upon_o the_o parson_n for_o his_o tithe_n but_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o soil_n be_v to_o be_v charge_v for_o all_o so_o that_o these_o two_o be_v already_o rule_v for_o i_o but_o yet_o if_o any_o of_o the_o sess_v shall_v be_v good_a than_o i_o shall_v fail_v in_o my_o conclusion_n i_o shall_v therefore_o set_v forth_o in_o few_o word_n that_o all_o the_o sess_v be_v void_a and_o the_o cause_n be_v this_o that_o the_o drain_n of_o the_o superfluous_a water_n in_o s._n appear_v by_o my_o case_n to_o be_v only_o commodious_a for_o s._n and_o that_o d._n the_o other_o town_n have_v no_o good_a thereby_o and_o it_o appear_v also_o that_o by_o the_o repair_n of_o the_o ancient_a sewer_n in_o d._n that_o town_n only_o have_v benefit_n thereby_o therefore_o to_o assess_v s._n to_o repair_v in_o d._n and_o d._n to_o contribute_v to_o s._n where_o in_o those_o case_n there_o can_v be_v no_o benefit_n be_v direct_o against_o the_o letter_n and_o sense_n of_o these_o law_n but_o herein_o either_o of_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v at_o charge_n with_o that_o by_o the_o which_o it_o take_v benefit_n and_o that_o not_o otherwise_o and_o therefore_o the_o mixture_n mar_v all_o the_o matter_n and_o so_o upon_o all_o this_o i_o conclude_v my_o
argument_n as_o i_o do_v my_o case_n that_o the_o new_a bank_n new_a river_n and_o old_a sewer_n be_v well_o decree_v but_o that_o the_o assess_v be_v void_a in_o toto_fw-la &_o in_fw-la qualibet_fw-la parte_fw-la finis_fw-la secundae_fw-la lecturae_fw-la lectura_fw-la tertia_fw-la in_o my_o two_o precede_a case_n the_o main_a body_n of_o this_o great_a law_n be_v contrive_v and_o therefore_o i_o take_v a_o great_a &_o large_a compass_n in_o my_o argument_n therein_o then_o otherwise_o i_o will_v have_v do_v and_o i_o be_o now_o come_v to_o the_o execution_n of_o these_o law_n wherein_o the_o life_n and_o livelihood_n of_o all_o law_n consist_v and_o it_o may_v well_o be_v say_v of_o execution_n as_o mr._n plowden_n in_o zouch_n and_o stowel_n case_n come_v blow_n come_v in_o his_o commentary_n fol._n 358._o say_v of_o a_o fine_a that_o it_o be_v finis_fw-la fructus_fw-la exitus_fw-la &_o effectus_fw-la legis_fw-la so_o be_v execution_n the_o fruit_n issue_n and_o end_n of_o the_o law_n and_o without_o it_o nothing_o be_v effectual_a and_o till_o it_o come_v nothing_o be_v material_a for_o to_o begin_v a_o suit_n and_o stay_v at_o the_o declaration_n be_v a_o fruitless_a enterprise_n and_o to_o proceed_v on_o to_o judgement_n and_o to_o go_v no_o further_o be_v like_o a_o traveller_n which_o undertake_v a_o journey_n and_o return_n or_o sit_v down_o without_o further_a move_a before_o he_o come_v at_o the_o end_n of_o his_o intend_a progress_n law_n as_o cicero_n say_v be_v but_o mutus_fw-la magistratus_fw-la the_o magistrate_n be_v lex_fw-la loquens_fw-la but_o i_o shall_v add_v something_o which_o cicero_n cicero_n upon_o the_o matter_n be_v the_o sum_n of_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v that_o executio_fw-la est_fw-la lex_fw-la agens_fw-la and_o because_o i_o esteem_v the_o time_n to_o be_v almost_o lose_v or_o misspend_v which_o be_v prologue_v out_o in_o preamble_n i_o will_v therefore_o now_o brief_o divide_v this_o part_n of_o this_o statute_n into_o these_o ensue_a head_n either_o in_o punish_v the_o body_n and_o person_n of_o the_o delinquent_n with_o imprisonment_n fine_a or_o amerciament_n or_o in_o do_v execution_n upon_o the_o offender_n good_n by_o distress_n or_o by_o the_o absolute_a sale_n thereof_o or_o otherwise_o in_o extend_v upon_o the_o real_a estate_n by_o charge_v the_o land_n in_o perpetuity_n or_o temporary_o or_o by_o the_o absolute_a sale_n thereof_o the_o true_a and_o due_a execution_n of_o all_o these_o in_o a_o just_a legal_a equal_a and_o qualify_a decree_n require_v of_o all_o other_o part_n of_o law_n this_o great_a and_o true_a discretion_n consideration_n wisdom_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o commissioner_n and_o i_o take_v it_o it_o may_v stand_v as_o a_o ground_n infallible_a that_o there_o be_v as_o many_o degree_n of_o punishment_n as_o there_o be_v offence_n it_o behoove_v therefore_o the_o commissioner_n to_o be_v circumspect_a that_o they_o apply_v to_o every_o offence_n his_o due_a punishment_n for_o it_o be_v injustice_n to_o punish_v the_o offence_n commit_v in_o a_o wrong_a degree_n to_o pronounce_v a_o traitor_n judgement_n upon_o a_o felon_n or_o a_o felon_n judgement_n upon_o a_o traitor_n be_v grand_a misprision_n to_o imprison_v the_o body_n or_o to_o fine_a the_o person_n where_o a_o amerciament_n be_v only_o due_a be_v not_o only_a injustice_n in_o the_o commissioner_n but_o thereby_o also_o their_o discretion_n be_v to_o be_v draw_v in_o question_n and_o censure_v and_o see_v the_o statute_n do_v so_o much_o lie_v upon_o discretion_n of_o the_o commissioner_n as_o in_o many_o part_n of_o this_o law_n it_o be_v mention_v it_o seem_v the_o parliament_n do_v give_v they_o to_o understand_v that_o such_o as_o be_v to_o meddle_v in_o those_o affair_n shall_v be_v both_o discreet_a and_o wise_a and_o shall_v strive_v to_o become_v learn_v in_o those_o affair_n and_o therefore_o for_o the_o better_a furnish_n of_o they_o with_o the_o true_a understanding_n of_o the_o say_a part_n of_o this_o statute_n i_o have_v frame_v a_o case_n thereupon_o which_o do_v give_v just_a occasion_n to_o treat_v full_o of_o they_o all_o the_o three_o case_n a._n give_v the_o office_n of_o a_o ranger_n of_o a_o forest_n to_o which_o a_o manor_n be_v belong_v to_o i._o s._n &_o abnepti_n and_o to_o the_o heir_n male_n and_o female_n of_o their_o body_n in_o frank_a marriage_n and_o die_v b._n and_o c._n their_o legitimate_a son_n and_o daughter_n and_o d._n their_o bastard_n daughter_n enter_v and_o die_v in_o seisin_n and_o e._n her_o daughter_n enter_v the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n at_o a_o court_n make_v a_o law_n that_o a_o goat_n shall_v be_v repair_v and_o assess_v several_o a._n b._n c._n and_o e._n to_o do_v it_o upon_o surmise_n that_o they_o all_o have_v benefit_n b._n and_o c._n refuse_v to_o obey_v for_o which_o b._n be_v imprison_v and_o c._n be_v fine_v a._n and_o e._n tender_a plea_n of_o discharge_n which_o be_v refuse_v and_o they_o be_v several_o amerce_v and_o a_o law_n make_v that_o a._n shall_v be_v distrain_v and_o for_o nonpayment_n the_o distress_n to_o be_v sell_v without_o allowance_n of_o replevin_n and_o the_o interest_n of_o e._n shall_v be_v also_o sell_v because_o she_o have_v nothing_o to_o be_v distrain_v by_o i_o conclude_v the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n have_v do_v due_a justice_n upon_o the_o offender_n in_o every_o part_n of_o this_o law_n argumentum_fw-la lectoris_fw-la the_o passage_n of_o this_o case_n be_v both_o at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o by_o this_o statute_n the_o common_a law_n be_v the_o mean_n but_o the_o statute_n be_v the_o matter_n i_o must_v insist_v upon_o but_o see_v the_o statute_n law_n can_v receive_v no_o due_a construction_n but_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n i_o have_v therefore_o make_v a_o harmonial_a composition_n of_o they_o both_o in_o my_o case_n and_o i_o do_v distinguish_v and_o branch_v out_o my_o case_n into_o these_o ensue_a point_n point_n at_o the_o common_a law_n imprimis_fw-la whether_o this_o office_n may_v be_v entail_v or_o not_o second_o whether_o it_o be_v a_o ordinary_a entail_n or_o a_o frank-mariage_n three_o whether_o the_o bastard_n be_v inheritable_a to_o this_o estate_n or_o not_o point_n upon_o the_o statute_n first_o whether_o the_o commissioner_n have_v a_o court_n or_o only_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o commission_n without_o a_o court_n second_o whether_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n have_v power_n to_o imprison_v and_o to_o fine_a if_o so_o then_o whether_o they_o have_v well_o behave_v themselves_o in_o this_o case_n or_o not_o three_o whether_o this_o law_n do_v admit_v of_o any_o plea_n and_o especial_o of_o plea_n of_o discharge_n four_o whether_o the_o law_n make_v touch_v the_o distress_n be_v well_o make_v because_o it_o seem_v prima_fw-la fancy_n to_o oppose_v a_o main_a point_n of_o the_o common_a law_n in_o deny_v of_o replevin_n five_o and_o last_o if_o the_o law_n make_v for_o sale_n of_o land_n of_o tenement_n in_o tail_n be_v warrant_v by_o this_o statute_n or_o not_o these_o be_v the_o material_n of_o this_o case_n wherein_o you_o may_v perceive_v by_o the_o beginning_n what_o you_o be_v to_o expect_v in_o the_o sequel_n and_o conclusion_n of_o my_o argument_n these_o point_n upon_o the_o statute_n be_v of_o great_a consequence_n and_o importance_n and_o tend_v much_o into_o the_o power_n of_o these_o law_n in_o the_o handle_n whereof_o according_a to_o my_o wont_a fashion_n i_o intend_v to_o maintain_v the_o affirmative_n of_o my_o case_n first_o point_n i_o do_v not_o intend_v it_o a_o point_n of_o any_o importance_n in_o my_o case_n whether_o land_n may_v belong_v to_o a_o office_n for_o that_o in_o the_o 1_o h._n 7._o fol._n 28._o in_o sir_n robert_n crofts_n case_n it_o be_v resolve_v it_o may_v for_o there_o land_n do_v belong_v to_o the_o office_n 7._o 1_o h._n 7._o of_o a_o forester_n and_o may_v belong_v to_o the_o office_n of_o the_o warden_n of_o the_o fleet_n and_o also_o to_o a_o corody_n which_o be_v no_o office_n and_o these_o as_o well_o as_o to_o a_o spiritual_a office_n parson_n vicar_n prebend_n or_o such_o like_a but_o whether_o or_o no_o these_o land_n may_v be_v part_v from_o the_o office_n by_o alienation_n i_o think_v that_o a_o argumentable_a point_n in_o 6_o h._n 8._o dyer_n f._n 2._o empsons_n case_n it_o be_v say_v 8._o 6_o h._n 8._o if_o the_o king_n create_v a_o duke_n &_o grant_v to_o he_o a_o anuity_n to_o maintain_v his_o dignity_n that_o annuity_n be_v so_o incident_a to_o his_o dignity_n as_o it_o can_v not_o be_v sever_v therefrom_o and_o so_o of_o land_n belong_v to_o a_o parson_n vicar_n bishop_n or_o such_o like_a because_o they_o be_v give_v to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o they_o in_o their_o place_n and_o therefore_o if_o these_o be_v sever_v they_o may_v be_v recontinue_a
perpetual_a charge_n by_o any_o power_n or_o authority_n give_v by_o this_o statute_n but_o in_o the_o say_a case_n of_o romney_n marsh_n the_o custom_n there_o maintain_v this_o point_n yet_o not_o a_o bene_fw-la verba_fw-la huius_fw-la statuti_fw-la which_o be_v these_o viz._n and_o to_o make_v and_o ordain_v statute_n ordinance_n and_o provision_n from_o time_n to_o time_n as_o the_o case_n shall_v require_v for_o the_o safeguard_n conservation_n redress_n correction_n or_o reformation_n of_o the_o premise_n and_o every_o of_o they_o and_o the_o party_n liable_a to_o the_o same_o necessary_a and_o behooveful_a after_o the_o law_n &_o custom_n of_o romney_n marsh_n in_o the_o county_n of_o kent_n or_o otherwise_o by_o any_o way_n or_o mean_n after_o their_o own_o wisdom_n and_o discretion_n these_o be_v the_o word_n and_o this_o be_v the_o clause_n which_o must_v make_v good_a this_o perpetual_a charge_n for_o that_o it_o do_v former_o appear_v that_o such_o like_a law_n and_o custom_n there_o be_v in_o romney_n marsh_n as_o this_o be_v and_o therefore_o i_o may_v conclude_v this_o point_n that_o the_o commissioner_n in_o imitation_n of_o the_o say_a ordinance_n of_o romney_n marsh_n may_v make_v decree_n to_o bind_v land_n to_o perpetual_a charge_n yet_o sir_n edward_n cook_n in_o keighlies_n case_n set_v it_o down_o as_o resolve_v that_o the_o several_a commissioner_n of_o sewer_n throughout_o all_o england_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o pursue_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o romney_n marsh_n but_o in_o case_n where_o some_o particular_a place_n within_o their_o commission_n have_v such_o law_n &_o custom_n as_o romney_n marsh_n have_v there_o they_o may_v pursue_v they_o but_o in_o my_o own_o opinion_n the_o commissioner_n may_v if_o they_o please_v make_v ordinance_n and_o law_n like_v to_o those_o of_o romney_n marsh_n where_o there_o have_v not_o be_v any_o such_o use_n and_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n as_o i_o take_v it_o will_v bear_v that_o construction_n and_o the_o say_a opinion_n of_o sir_n edward_n cook_n be_v not_o direct_o against_o this_o and_o upon_o decree_n for_o sale_n of_o land_n it_o be_v usual_a in_o these_o decree_n to_o bind_v those_o land_n to_o the_o perpetual_a repair_n sales_n of_o land_n the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n which_o be_v make_v for_o sale_n of_o land_n be_v these_o provide_v always_o that_o if_o any_o person_n or_o person_n be_v assess_v or_o tax_v to_o any_o lot_n or_o charge_n for_o any_o land_n tenement_n or_o hereditament_n within_o the_o limit_n of_o any_o commission_n hereafter_o to_o be_v direct_v do_v not_o pay_v the_o say_a lot_n and_o charge_n according_a to_o the_o order_n and_o assignment_n of_o the_o commissioner_n have_v power_n of_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o say_a commission_n etc._n etc._n by_o reason_n whereof_o if_o it_o shall_v happen_v the_o say_a commissioner_n for_o lack_v of_o payment_n of_o such_o lot_n &_o charge_n to_o decree_n and_o ordain_v the_o say_a land_n and_o tenement_n from_o the_o owner_n or_o owner_n thereof_o and_o their_o heir_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o every_o of_o they_o to_o any_o person_n or_o person_n for_o term_n of_o year_n term_v of_o life_n fee_fw-mi simple_a or_o fee_n tail_n for_o payment_n of_o the_o same_o lot_n and_o charge_n then_o every_o such_o decree_n and_o ordinance_n so_o by_o they_o ingross_v into_o parchment_n and_o certify_v under_o their_o seal_n into_o the_o king_n court_n of_o chancery_n with_o the_o king_n royal_a assent_n have_v to_o the_o same_o shall_v bind_v all_o and_o every_o person_n and_o person_n that_o at_o the_o make_n of_o the_o same_o decree_n have_v any_o interest_n in_o such_o land_n tenement_n and_o hereditament_n in_o use_n possession_n reversion_n or_o remainder_n their_o heir_n and_o feoffee_n and_o every_o of_o they_o and_o not_o to_o be_v in_o any_o wise_a reform_a unless_o it_o be_v by_o authority_n in_o parliament_n hereafter_o to_o be_v summon_v and_o hold_v within_o the_o realm_n and_o also_o that_o the_o same_o law_n ordinance_n and_o decree_n to_o be_v make_v and_o ordain_v by_o the_o commissioner_n or_o any_o six_o of_o they_o by_o authority_n of_o the_o say_a commission_n shall_v bind_v as_o well_o the_o land_n tenement_n and_o hereditament_n of_o our_o sovereign_n the_o king_n as_o all_z and_o every_o other_o person_n and_o person_n and_o their_o heir_n and_o such_o their_o interest_n as_o they_o shall_v fortune_n to_o have_v in_o any_o land_n tenement_n and_o hereditament_n or_o other_o casual_a profit_n advantage_n or_o commodity_n whatsoever_o they_o be_v whereunto_o the_o say_v law_n ordinance_n and_o decree_n shall_v in_o any_o wise_a extend_v according_a to_o the_o true_a purport_n meaning_n and_o intent_n of_o the_o say_a law_n this_o clause_n or_o proviso_n be_v strange_o place_v in_o this_o statute_n as_o if_o this_o statute_n have_v not_o be_v the_o first_o father_n of_o it_o and_o as_o if_o this_o law_n have_v make_v some_o addition_n to_o a_o former_a law_n but_o i_o take_v it_o that_o this_o statute_n be_v and_o be_v the_o first_o and_o only_a law_n which_o give_v sale_n of_o land_n in_o case_n of_o sewer_n and_o this_o clause_n stand_v upon_o these_o four_o pillar_n imprimis_fw-la for_o what_o cause_n land_n may_v be_v sell_v by_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n second_o what_o land_n be_v to_o be_v sell_v within_o these_o law_n three_o what_o person_n what_o estate_n and_o interest_n be_v to_o be_v bind_v thereby_o four_o to_o what_o person_n these_o land_n may_v be_v sell_v or_o decree_v the_o statute_n be_v if_o any_o person_n sess_v do_v not_o pay_v whereby_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o land_n be_v to_o be_v sell_v for_o sess_v and_o charge_v impose_v by_o the_o commissioner_n which_o lie_v in_o payment_n only_o and_o they_o may_v not_o be_v decree_v away_o for_o any_o other_o cause_n or_o matter_n and_o therefore_o if_o one_o hold_v his_o land_n to_o repair_v a_o wall_n bank_n sewer_n or_o other_o work_n of_o sewer_n and_o he_o neglect_v to_o repair_v the_o same_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n can_v for_o this_o cause_n decree_v the_o land_n away_o from_o the_o owner_n because_o this_o charge_n lie_v not_o in_o payment_n and_o i_o can_v gather_v out_o of_o the_o word_n of_o this_o statute_n that_o land_n can_v be_v decree_v for_o any_o cause_n then_o for_o nonpayment_n of_o a_o lot_n sess_n or_o charge_n by_o reason_n this_o word_n payment_n be_v reiterated_a three_o or_o four_o time_n in_o this_o branch_n of_o the_o statute_n and_o no_o other_o word_n be_v couple_v with_o it_o to_o infer_v any_o other_o or_o large_a exposition_n if_o i._o s._n do_v hold_v his_o land_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n by_o the_o payment_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n yearly_a or_o other_o sum_n towards_o the_o repair_n of_o a_o work_n of_o sewer_n and_o he_o do_v neglect_v to_o pay_v the_o same_o whereby_o the_o work_n be_v unrepaired_a although_o this_o be_v a_o charge_n which_o lie_v in_o payment_n yet_o because_o it_o grow_v due_a by_o tenure_n by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o be_v not_o impose_v by_o the_o force_n of_o this_o statute_n therefore_o the_o land_n of_o i._o s._n can_v be_v decree_v from_o he_o by_o the_o nonpayment_n thereof_o by_o the_o tenor_n and_o virtue_n of_o this_o law_n of_o sewer_n but_o if_o the_o land_n of_o one_o be_v general_o charge_v to_o repair_v such_o a_o wall_n or_o other_o work_n of_o sewer_n by_o prescription_n covenant_n or_o otherwise_o and_o the_o commissioner_n impose_v a_o sesse_v and_o rate_v upon_o he_o to_o repair_v it_o and_o he_o do_v not_o there_o in_o this_o case_n although_o the_o charge_n be_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n yet_o because_o the_o sesse_v and_o rate_n be_v set_v upon_o he_o by_o the_o power_n of_o this_o statute_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o for_o neglect_v of_o payment_n the_o say_a land_n may_v be_v sell_v by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n so_o if_o one_o do_v hold_v his_o land_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n to_o repair_v a_o bank_n and_o the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n do_v order_v the_o party_n to_o pay_v the_o twenty_o shilling_n at_o a_o time_n by_o they_o prescribe_v not_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o usual_a day_n of_o payment_n and_o he_o do_v neglect_v to_o pay_v the_o commissioner_n may_v decree_v his_o land_n from_o he_o because_o this_o charge_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o say_a order_n have_v get_v the_o force_n and_o power_n of_o this_o statute_n if_o a_o charge_n be_v general_o lay_v upon_o a_o township_n hundred_o or_o rape_n which_o be_v not_o pay_v according_a to_o the_o commissioner_n order_n no_o land_n can_v be_v decree_v in_o this_o case_n because_o no_o person_n or_o land_n be_v in_o this_o case_n particular_o charge_v and_o the_o
attaint_v of_o treason_n shall_v forfeit_v the_o land_n whereof_o he_o be_v seize_v of_o any_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n and_o by_o this_o statute_n entail_v land_n be_v forfeit_v and_o the_o word_n of_o any_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n be_v the_o word_n which_o give_v that_o forfeiture_n the_o one_o in_o fee_n simple_a the_o other_o in_o fee_n tail_n and_o the_o word_n any_o presuppose_v more_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n than_o one_o but_o whether_o a_o decree_n of_o sale_n of_o land_n make_v by_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n shall_v bind_v the_o heir_n in_o tail_n be_v the_o point_n of_o my_o case_n and_o in_o my_o opinion_n i_o think_v they_o shall_v be_v bar_v for_o the_o cause_n and_o reason_n follow_v first_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o sewer_n be_v that_o such_o a_o decree_n shall_v bind_v all_o and_o every_o person_n and_o person_n that_o at_o the_o make_n of_o the_o same_o decree_n have_v any_o interest_n in_o such_o land_n tenement_n &_o hereditament_n in_o uso_n possession_n remainder_n or_o reversion_n their_o heir_n and_o assign_v so_o that_o by_o express_a word_n it_o bind_v the_o heir_n and_o it_o will_v have_v bind_v the_o heir_n of_o a_o tenant_n in_o fee_n simple_a without_o the_o word_n heir_n express_v in_o the_o statute_n therefore_o the_o word_n heir_n need_v not_o but_o only_o for_o the_o bind_n of_o the_o heir_n in_o tail_n also_o if_o these_o land_n be_v charge_v by_o prescription_n as_o many_o land_n be_v than_o be_v the_o land_n original_o bind_v and_o the_o heir_n in_o tail_n stand_v charge_v with_o these_o sess_v as_o well_o as_o land_n in_o fee_n simple_a and_o last_o this_o be_v a_o law_n enact_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o commonweal_n and_o be_v more_o to_o be_v favour_v then_o particular_a estate_n of_o heir_n in_o tail_n but_o the_o case_n of_o the_o praemunire_n be_v penal_a in_o point_n of_o a_o forfeiture_n which_o be_v to_o be_v strict_o take_v for_o the_o king_n and_o favourable_o for_o the_o subject_n and_o therefore_o in_o my_o opinion_n the_o heir_n in_o tail_n shall_v be_v bind_v in_o these_o case_n of_o sale_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o they_o be_v within_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n videlicet_fw-la heir_n general_o put_v which_o extend_v to_o heir_n in_o tail_n as_o well_o as_o to_o heir_n in_o fee_n simple_a and_o because_o the_o sesse_v and_o charge_n shall_v bind_v both_o alike_o so_o in_o my_o opinion_n the_o sale_n shall_v bind_v both_o in_o regard_n the_o sale_n depend_v upon_o the_o charge_n and_o sesse_v if_o a_o prebend_n parson_n or_o vicar_n dean_n bishop_n or_o such_o like_a which_o be_v seize_v of_o land_n in_o their_o politic_a capacity_n be_v sess_v to_o repair_v of_o work_n of_o sewer_n their_o land_n can_v be_v decree_v away_o from_o they_o in_o such_o sort_n as_o to_o bind_v their_o successor_n for_o as_o this_o statute_n of_o sewer_n extend_v to_o bind_v land_n by_o decree_n in_o perpetuity_n so_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o and_o 13_o and_o 14_o eliz._n restrain_v alienation_n and_o where_o those_o statute_n restrain_v they_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o this_o general_a statute_n of_o sewer_n do_v not_o dispense_v with_o those_o statute_n in_o croft_n case_n crofts_n and_o howel_n case_n and_o howel_n case_v in_o blow_n comment_fw-fr a_o fine_a with_o proclamation_n and_o non-claim_a by_o five_o year_n do_v bind_v the_o corporation_n of_o the_o mystery_n of_o the_o cook_n in_o london_n for_o their_o right_n in_o land_n and_o so_o all_o other_o corporation_n which_o be_v absolute_a of_o themselves_o and_o need_v not_o the_o assent_n of_o any_o other_o as_o major_n and_o commonalty_n dean_n and_o chapter_n master_n and_o fellow_n of_o college_n but_o the_o law_n be_v otherwise_o of_o parson_n vicar_n prebend_n and_o such_o like_a and_o the_o like_a exposition_n do_v i_o make_v of_o they_o in_o this_o statute_n of_o sewer_n but_o i_o will_v here_o make_v a_o distinction_n i_o be_o notwithstanding_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o parson_n vicar_n prebend_n and_o such_o like_a for_o their_o own_o neglect_n be_v bind_v during_o their_o time_n but_o not_o their_o successor_n after_o they_o and_o note_v this_o statute_n though_o it_o mention_v heir_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o at_o all_o mention_n successor_n which_o be_v worthy_a of_o consideration_n also_o and_o in_o my_o opinion_n this_o statute_n as_o to_o decree_n to_o be_v make_v of_o land_n will_v bind_v woman_n covert_a baron_n infant_n person_n that_o be_v non_fw-la sanae_fw-la mentis_fw-la and_o such_o like_a because_o it_o be_v a_o law_n make_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o so_o it_o be_v hold_v in_o zouche_n case_n in_o the_o com._n that_o the_o statute_n of_o 4_o h._n 7._o of_o fine_n have_v bind_v infant_n idiot_n and_o woman_n court_v baron_n have_v they_o not_o be_v except_v in_o that_o statute_n a_o forciori_fw-la case_n zouch_v case_n shall_v they_o be_v comprise_v in_o this_o statute_n for_o the_o statute_n of_o fine_n be_v make_v for_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o weal-public_a but_o the_o statute_n of_o sewer_n be_v make_v for_o the_o safety_n thereof_o if_o there_o be_v two_o tenant_n in_o common_a which_o be_v sess_v towards_o the_o repair_n of_o a_o wall_n bank_n or_o such_o like_a work_n of_o sewer_n and_o one_o of_o they_o do_v neglect_v to_o pay_v his_o proportionable_a part_n whether_o commissioner_n may_v decree_v a_o moiety_n without_o partition_n both_o of_o the_o sesse_v and_o land_n be_v a_o question_n for_o their_o estate_n be_v several_a though_o there_o be_v a_o community_n in_o take_v of_o the_o profit_n and_o therefore_o the_o matter_n be_v whether_o the_o assess_v shall_v attend_v upon_o the_o possession_n which_o be_v in_o common_a or_o upon_o their_o estate_n which_o be_v several_a and_o although_o commissioner_n in_o assess_v be_v not_o bind_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o their_o estate_n yet_o if_o they_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o decree_v a_o man_n land_n from_o he_o they_o be_v then_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o his_o estate_n and_o of_o all_o other_o circumstance_n necessary_o depend_v thereupon_o in_o 22_o h._n 6._o fol._n 12._o if_o a_o trespass_n be_v do_v upon_o land_n which_o be_v hold_v in_o common_a they_o be_v to_o join_v in_o a_o action_n but_o if_o one_o of_o they_o die_v that_o action_n shall_v survive_v for_o though_o they_o be_v joint_a in_o the_o personalty_n yet_o they_o disjoin_v in_o the_o realty_n and_o if_o two_o tenant_n in_o common_a of_o land_n join_v in_o a_o grant_n of_o ten_o pound_n rend_v charge_v out_o of_o their_o land_n the_o grantee_n shall_v have_v ten_o pound_n yearly_a of_o either_o by_o the_o opinion_n of_o mr._n perkins_n but_o if_o a_o sesse_v of_o ten_o pound_n be_v lay_v and_o impose_v upon_o they_o by_o this_o law_n of_o sewer_n this_o sesse_v shall_v not_o double_a as_o the_o rent_n shall_v yet_o in_o this_o case_n of_o a_o joint_n assess_v impose_v upon_o tenant_n in_o common_a and_o one_o will_v pay_v his_o moiety_n and_o his_o companion_n refuse_v the_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n can_v sell_v a_o moiety_n of_o the_o land_n for_o that_o it_o be_v a_o joint_n sess_v and_o be_v not_o impose_v by_o moiety_n and_o the_o sale_n do_v depend_v upon_o the_o sess_v and_o all_o may_v not_o be_v sell_v for_o that_o one_o tenant_n in_o common_a can_v prejudice_v his_o companion_n in_o thing_n of_o realty_n the_o four_o matter_n be_v to_o who_o land_n may_v be_v decree_v by_o this_o law_n for_o by_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o commissioner_n have_v power_n to_o decree_v land_n for_o default_n of_o payment_n for_o year_n for_o life_n in_o tail_n or_o in_o fee_n simple_a whereby_o the_o law_n intend_v they_o shall_v make_v their_o decree_n for_o sale_n according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o sess_v and_o so_o shall_v use_v moderation_n in_o the_o estate_n they_o make_v or_o sell_v therefore_o and_o it_o be_v not_o intend_v they_o shall_v sell_v the_o feesimple_n away_o for_o sess_v which_o may_v be_v satisfy_v with_o the_o make_n of_o a_o less_o estate_n and_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o this_o decree_n do_v make_v the_o estate_n with_o the_o help_n of_o this_o statute_n according_a to_o the_o limitation_n which_o shall_v therein_o be_v declare_v and_o that_o the_o party_n shall_v have_v estate_n according_a as_o the_o same_o be_v thereby_o limit_v unto_o he_o and_o this_o be_v no_o equitable_a decree_n which_o bind_v the_o person_n only_o as_o chancery_n decree_v be_v but_o it_o bind_v the_o land_n and_o therefore_o the_o commissioner_n may_v not_o decree_v land_n to_o a_o corporation_n as_o to_o a_o major_a and_o commonalty_n dean_n and_o chapter_n or_o such_o like_a which_o be_v mortmain_n for_o the_o general_a word_n of_o this_o statute_n
disposition_n and_o of_o good_a estate_n shall_v be_v put_v into_o these_o commission_n of_o sewer_n the_o statute_n do_v make_v choice_n of_o four_o honourable_a person_n to_o have_v and_o take_v the_o nomination_n of_o such_o as_o shall_v for_o their_o integrity_n learning_n wealth_n wisdom_n and_o experience_n be_v worthy_a to_o be_v put_v into_o this_o commission_n and_o therefore_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n lord_n treasurer_n and_o the_o two_o lord_n chief_a justice_n for_o the_o time_n be_v have_v by_o this_o statute_n the_o nomination_n of_o our_o commissioner_n but_o as_o these_o great_a person_n of_o honour_n by_o their_o high_a place_n be_v most_o common_o busy_v in_o matter_n of_o great_a importance_n they_o many_o time_n refer_v these_o matter_n to_o other_o by_o mean_n whereof_o divers_a person_n in_o some_o country_n have_v of_o late_a year_n creep_v into_o commission_n which_o this_o statute_n do_v not_o allow_v of_o which_o do_v not_o only_o want_v knowledge_n and_o experience_n but_o which_o be_v also_o transport_v and_o carry_v away_o with_o selfwill_n and_o serve_v most_o common_o to_o make_v a_o faction_n of_o the_o great_a number_n to_o carry_v away_o business_n when_o the_o grave_a and_o wise_a sort_n be_v force_v be_v overload_v with_o popular_a voice_n to_o give_v way_n to_o run_v into_o contrary_a course_n and_o be_v make_v to_o surcease_v from_o make_v good_a and_o wholesome_a law_n and_o ordinance_n and_o sometime_o be_v as_o it_o be_v force_v to_o agree_v to_o those_o which_o be_v who_o even_o as_o the_o roman_a dictator_n fabius_n have_v join_v to_o he_o the_o froward_a minutius_n be_v by_o the_o violent_a stream_n of_o his_o colleague_n so_o cross_v and_o oversway_v not_o out_o of_o judgement_n but_o selfwill_n that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o give_v way_n to_o minutius_n frowardness_n though_o it_o tend_v almost_o to_o the_o hazard_n and_o the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o whole_a roman_a army_n and_o because_o the_o commissioner_n be_v the_o person_n through_o who_o hand_n the_o execution_n of_o all_o these_o law_n must_v pass_v i_o think_v it_o therefore_o very_o convenient_a to_o take_v into_o examination_n this_o part_n of_o the_o statute_n which_o touch_n and_o concern_v they_o and_o i_o intend_v to_o purge_v the_o commission_n of_o such_o of_o they_o as_o these_o law_n have_v disalow_v and_o to_o that_o purpose_n i_o have_v frame_v this_o ensue_a case_n which_o i_o take_v it_o will_v give_v we_o occasion_n to_o call_v they_o all_o into_o question_n and_o to_o sever_v the_o just_a from_o the_o unjust_a the_o sufficient_a from_o the_o unsufficient_a and_o the_o learned_a from_o the_o illiterate_a the_o case_n a._n demise_v to_o b._n and_o c._n land_n of_o the_o yearly_a value_n of_o sixty_o pound_n cum_fw-la stauro_fw-la of_o the_o value_n of_o two_o hundred_o pound_n for_o their_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o d._n a_o free_a citizen_n of_o lincoln_n b._n and_o d._n disseise_v c._n of_o the_o land_n and_o take_v the_o stock_n c._n release_v to_o d._n the_o good_n absolute_o and_o the_o land_n upon_o condition_n d._n die_v in_o exile_n e._n his_o son_n and_o heir_n enter_v b._n and_o c._n who_o enter_v for_o the_o condition_n break_v e_o and_o francis_n countess_n dowager_n of_o warwick_n and_o three_o other_o commissioner_n of_o the_o quorum_fw-la of_o sewer_n make_v a_o law_n to_o raise_v a_o be_v erect_v upon_o a_o river_n navigable_a at_o the_o cost_n of_o the_o party_n because_o it_o hinder_v the_o current_n of_o water_n my_o conclusion_n be_v that_o here_o be_v competent_a commissioner_n in_o number_n and_o in_o estate_n which_o make_v this_o law_n and_o that_o this_o law_n be_v well_o decree_v within_o this_o statute_n the_o case_n i_o do_v distribute_v in_o these_o point_n viz._n three_o at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o four_o upon_o this_o statute_n the_o point_n i_o intend_v by_o the_o common_a law_n be_v these_o first_o whether_o the_o sixty_o pound_n stock_n can_v be_v demise_v and_o let_v for_o life_n with_o the_o remainder_n over_o as_o this_o case_n be_v second_o whereas_o b._n and_o c._n be_v two_o joyntenant_n in_o possession_n whether_o one_o of_o the_o joyntenant_n and_o a_o stranger_n can_v so_o disseise_v the_o other_o joyntenant_fw-fr as_o to_o transfer_v thereby_o a_o interest_n and_o estate_n to_o the_o stranger_n three_o because_o the_o release_n depend_v upon_o the_o disseisin_n the_o question_n be_v in_o what_o manner_n it_o do_v inure_v and_o whether_o it_o shall_v expel_v b._n out_o of_o that_o moiety_n because_o it_o be_v make_v to_o the_o stranger_n and_o than_o what_o be_v reduce_v by_o the_o condition_n whether_o a_o possession_n action_n or_o a_o right_n point_n upon_o this_o statute_n first_o whether_o the_o son_n of_o the_o free_a citizen_n exile_v be_v a_o disable_v commissioner_n in_o respect_n of_o his_o person_n and_o whether_o he_o have_v such_o a_o estate_n either_o in_o land_n or_o good_n as_o will_v satisfy_v this_o law_n second_o whether_o the_o countess_n may_v be_v a_o competent_a commissioner_n within_o this_o statute_n three_o whether_o a_o joint_a interest_n in_o land_n or_o good_n will_v make_v the_o joyntenant_fw-fr a_o sufficient_a enable_v commissioner_n within_o this_o statute_n four_o whether_o the_o be_v as_o this_o case_n be_v be_v race_v down_o or_o not_o and_o hereupon_o i_o intend_v to_o lay_v open_a the_o whole_a division_n touch_v the_o let_n impediment_n and_o annoyance_n which_o this_o statute_n speak_v of_o argumentum_fw-la lectoris_fw-la i_o mean_v it_o not_o for_o a_o point_n in_o this_o case_n whether_o good_n may_v be_v let_v with_o land_n nor_o whether_o a_o stock_n may_v be_v lease_v with_o a_o farm_n because_o i_o find_v the_o book_n of_o 1_o h._n 6._o 1._o and_o many_o other_o full_a in_o the_o point_n that_o they_o may_v and_o although_o by_o the_o take_n of_o they_o back_o again_o by_o the_o lessor_n they_o will_v thereby_o suspend_v no_o rent_n yet_o in_o the_o original_a demise_n they_o may_v be_v a_o cause_n to_o increase_v the_o rent_n but_o my_o point_n herein_o be_v double_a first_o whether_o they_o will_v pass_v in_o remainder_n as_o my_o case_n do_v limit_v they_o second_o whether_o they_o will_v enable_v b._n and_o c._n to_o be_v commissioner_n of_o sewer_n allow_v by_o this_o statute_n i_o do_v not_o only_o find_v stock_n let_v with_o farm_n but_o also_o join_v in_o real_a action_n with_o land_n for_o in_o the_o writ_n of_o assize_n the_o word_n be_v quod_fw-la vicecome_v faciat_fw-la tenement_n '_o illud_fw-la reseisiri_fw-la de_fw-la catallis_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o ipso_fw-la capta_fw-la fuerint_fw-la &_o ipsum_fw-la tenement_n '_o cum_fw-la catallis_fw-la esse_fw-la in_o pace_fw-la usque_fw-la etc._n etc._n these_o doubtless_o be_v such_o good_n as_o stock_v the_o ground_n and_o which_o usual_o go_v with_o the_o same_o for_o in_o ancient_a time_n when_o any_o farm_a ground_n they_o usual_o farm_a the_o stock_n thereon_o go_v and_o this_o appear_v by_o ancient_a precedent_n sed_fw-la nunc_fw-la aliud_fw-la tempus_fw-la in_o the_o writ_n of_o ejectione_n firmae_fw-la in_o the_o register_n be_v contain_v these_o word_n ostensum_fw-la quare_fw-la vi_fw-la &_o armis_fw-la manerium_fw-la de_fw-la dale_n quod_fw-la c._n prefat_n '_o a._n dimisit_fw-la ad_fw-la terminum_fw-la qui_fw-la nondum_fw-la preteriit_fw-la intravit_fw-la &_o bona_fw-la &_o catalla_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la a._n ad_fw-la valentiam_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o eodem_fw-la manerio_fw-la inuenta_fw-la caepit_fw-la &_o asportavit_fw-la so_o that_o in_o those_o writ_n of_o assize_n and_o exjectione_n firmae_fw-la the_o one_o to_o recover_v the_o freehold_a the_o other_o the_o leasehold_n we_o find_v good_n which_o go_v with_o the_o manor_n or_o farm_n make_v parcel_n of_o the_o plaint_n and_o i_o take_v it_o damage_n shall_v be_v increase_v therefore_o for_o these_o be_v such_o good_n as_o stock_v the_o farm_n and_o in_o wrotsly_n and_o adam_n case_n in_o plo._n com._n exception_n be_v case_n wrotsley_n and_o adam_n case_n take_v in_o abatement_n of_o the_o writ_n because_o the_o word_n bona_fw-la &_o catalla_fw-la be_v leave_v out_o of_o the_o same_o yet_o in_o my_o opinion_n no_o estate_n neither_o in_o presenti_fw-la nor_o in_o remainder_n can_v be_v make_v of_o good_n or_o cattle_n neither_o shall_v they_o go_v with_o the_o land_n in_o point_n of_o estate_n but_o shall_v pass_v to_o the_o lessee_n and_o after_o to_o he_o in_o the_o remainder_n as_o a_o dependency_n upon_o the_o farm_n and_o the_o heir_n shall_v have_v heir-loom_n together_o with_o the_o mansion_n house_n as_o thing_n necessary_a concurrent_a therewithal_o yet_o the_o heir-loom_n have_v no_o descend_v quality_n but_o they_o do_v go_v with_o and_o wait_v upon_o the_o house_n as_o necessary_a instrument_n fit_v to_o be_v use_v therewith_o neither_o can_v it_o be_v gather_v by_o the_o book_n of_o 37_o h._n 6._o fol._n 30._o that_o the_o book_n call_v the_o grail_n which_o
and_o a_o villain_n for_o year_n and_o a_o captive_n take_v in_o the_o war_n be_v for_o there_o shall_v be_v pay_v for_o he_o a_o ransom_n as_o be_v mention_v in_o the_o register_n fol._n 102._o money_n due_a upon_o statute_n judgement_n recognizance_n bond_n bill_n or_o contract_n be_v not_o valueable_a substance_n within_o this_o statute_n for_o by_o this_o statute_n it_o must_v be_v clear_a and_o not_o doubtful_a or_o accidental_a as_o money_n out_o of_o hand_n be_v which_o be_v like_a to_o a_o bird_n in_o the_o bush_n yet_o these_o be_v all_o valueable_a and_o be_v value_v in_o inventory_n take_v in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n but_o yet_o the_o executor_n or_o administrator_n shall_v not_o be_v charge_v for_o asset_n for_o they_o till_o they_o have_v receive_v they_o and_o in_o 25_o h._n 8._o in_o dier_n fol._n 5._o obligation_n be_v not_o hold_v valueable_a but_o thing_n in_o action_n and_o if_o one_o 8._o 25_o h._n 8._o have_v get_v good_n by_o tort_n and_o wrong_n to_o the_o value_n of_o one_o hundred_o pound_n yet_o this_o be_v clear_a valueable_a substance_n within_o this_o law_n for_o although_o the_o word_n clear_v be_v insert_v into_o the_o statute_n yet_o that_o relate_v to_o the_o value_n and_o not_o to_o the_o title_n of_o those_o good_n and_o if_o one_o have_v good_n as_o executor_n or_o administrator_n these_o be_v not_o his_o own_o and_o therefore_o do_v not_o enable_v he_o to_o be_v a_o commissioner_n within_o this_o law_n neither_o do_v the_o good_n of_o the_o church_n enable_v the_o parson_n vicar_n or_o curate_n nor_o the_o good_n of_o a_o corporation_n do_v not_o enable_v the_o major_a and_o alderman_n or_o citizen_n of_o a_o city_n or_o town_n corporate_a for_o these_o do_v not_o belong_v to_o their_o particular_a person_n neither_o do_v this_o stock_n in_o my_o case_n which_o be_v demise_v to_o b._n and_o c._n make_v they_o competent_a commissioner_n within_o this_o statute_n because_o they_o have_v not_o the_o property_n therein_o but_o only_o the_o use_n and_o occupation_n thereof_o and_o although_o in_o this_o statute_n it_o be_v not_o declare_v in_o what_o place_n these_o good_n which_o shall_v enable_v a_o man_n to_o be_v a_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n shall_v be_v in_o it_o will_v suffice_v if_o the_o party_n have_v they_o in_o any_o place_n within_o the_o realm_n for_o this_o very_a law_n call_v they_o movable_a substance_n and_o herein_o i_o end_v my_o free_a citizen_n and_o in_o my_o opinion_n e._n have_v neither_o freedom_n in_o his_o person_n nor_o real_a estate_n in_o land_n nor_o movable_a substance_n in_o any_o sort_n to_o make_v he_o a_o competent_a commissioner_n within_o this_o law_n yet_o if_o a_o freeman_n be_v destitute_a of_o good_n or_o want_v perfection_n in_o his_o freedom_n if_o notwithstanding_o he_o have_v land_n to_o the_o value_n of_o forty_o mark_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la than_o he_o shall_v be_v allow_v a_o commissioner_n within_o this_o statute_n touch_v which_o point_n of_o land_n i_o now_o intend_v to_o proceed_v in_o in_o the_o handle_n of_o this_o matter_n it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v which_o be_v hereditament_n within_o this_o law_n for_o the_o other_o two_o word_n land_n and_o tenement_n need_v no_o exposition_n wherein_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o message_n cortage_n toâ—â—s_n crofts_n house_n land_n meadow_n pasture_n feeding_n moor_n marsh_n heath_n fur_n mill_n orchard_n garden_n hopyard_n rent_n of_o annuity_n prima_fw-la vestura_fw-la terrae_fw-la pischaries_n tithe_n pension_n portion_n proxy_n park_n warrens_n be_v all_o of_o they_o hereditament_n within_o this_o part_n of_o this_o law_n for_o the_o word_n hereditament_n be_v a_o word_n of_o the_o large_a size_n and_o large_a extent_n in_o our_o law_n be_v omne_fw-la quod_fw-la haereditari_fw-la potest_fw-la and_o yet_o every_o hereditament_n be_v not_o within_o this_o branch_n for_o it_o have_v two_o other_o word_n join_v therewithal_o videlicet_fw-la yearly_a value_n and_o therefore_o franchise_n and_o liberty_n as_o waif_n stray_n felon_n good_n deodan_n fines_n amerciament_n profit_v of_o court_n fair_n market_n ferries_n hundred_o leet_n and_o such_o like_a be_v all_o of_o they_o out_o of_o this_o statute_n in_o this_o point_n because_o they_o be_v not_o of_o a_o certain_a yearly_a value_n but_o be_v accidental_a and_o depend_v in_o contingency_n by_o the_o opinion_n in_o butler_n and_o baker_n case_n cook_n 3_o report_n but_o as_o it_o be_v there_o say_v if_o these_o thing_n have_v heretofore_o be_v usual_o let_v and_o demise_v for_o certain_a yearly_a rent_n than_o they_o may_v be_v hereditament_n of_o clear_a yearly_a value_n within_o this_o law_n all_o office_n and_o vocation_n as_o physician_n chirurgeon_n or_o trade_n as_o merchant_n mercer_n grocer_n draper_n and_o such_o like_a be_v neither_o hereditary_a nor_o of_o certain_a yearly_a value_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v not_o within_o this_o law_n though_o perhaps_o one_o gain_n thereby_o five_o hundred_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la also_o dry_a reversion_n or_o remainder_n depend_v upon_o estate_n for_o life_n be_v out_o of_o this_o branch_n for_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v have_v which_o be_v in_o praesenti_fw-la and_o not_o futuro_fw-la neither_o be_v a_o advowson_n of_o force_n in_o this_o point_n though_o it_o be_v asset_n in_o a_o formdon_n yet_o it_o be_v no_o asset_n in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n bring_v against_o executor_n homage_n fealty_n escuage_n heriot_n relief_n nomine_fw-la paene_n and_o such_o like_a be_v hereditament_n but_o because_o they_o be_v not_o of_o yearly_a value_n they_o be_v not_o therefore_o within_o this_o law_n also_o if_o a_o commissioner_n of_o sewer_n be_v seize_v of_o a_o rent_n or_o annuity_n payable_a every_o second_o year_n it_o do_v not_o enable_v he_o to_o sit_v because_o it_o be_v not_o annual_a which_o be_v intend_v yearly_o and_o every_o year_n as_o the_o prior_n of_o plymptons_n case_n in_o dier_n fol._n 133._o be_v but_o if_o one_o do_v grant_n to_o i._o s._n a_o annuity_n or_o rent_n of_o forty_o mark_n in_o fee_n payable_a at_o the_o feast_n of_o easter_n yearly_a if_o the_o grantee_n will_v then_o come_v for_o it_o to_o such_o a_o place_n be_v of_o certain_a yearly_a value_n within_o this_o law_n but_o put_v the_o case_n that_o a._n be_v seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n and_o grant_v to_o b._n forty_o mark_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la for_o his_o life_n only_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o b._n be_v no_o sufficient_a qualify_v commissioner_n within_o this_o law_n but_o if_o a._n be_v seize_v of_o a_o rent_n of_o forty_o mark_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la in_o fee_n and_o he_o grant_v the_o same_o to_o b._n for_o his_o life_n he_o be_v a_o competent_a commissioner_n within_o this_o law_n differentia_fw-la apparet_fw-la our_o statute_n go_v on_o in_o these_o word_n that_o the_o commissioner_n which_o will_v sit_v without_o exception_n must_v have_v in_o land_n tenement_n or_o hereditament_n of_o the_o clear_a yearly_a value_n of_o forty_o mark_n to_o his_o own_o use_n therefore_o a_o man_n seize_v of_o land_n to_o that_o value_n in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n although_o he_o take_v the_o rent_n and_o profit_n to_o his_o own_o use_n yet_o this_o will_v not_o enable_v he_o to_o be_v a_o commissioner_n within_o this_o law_n but_o he_o must_v have_v they_o in_o ejus_fw-la usu_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la ejus_fw-la usum_fw-la a_o feoffee_n to_o a_o use_n before_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o of_o use_n be_v no_o competent_a commissioner_n within_o our_o statute_n for_o he_o have_v the_o land_n then_o to_o another_o man_n use_n neither_o be_v cestui_fw-fr que_fw-fr use_n sufficient_o qualify_v to_o be_v a_o commissioner_n two_o tenant_n in_o common_a or_o coparcener_n of_o forty_o pound_n land_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la be_v neither_o of_o they_o of_o sufficient_a ability_n to_o be_v commissioner_n within_o this_o law_n and_o the_o like_a law_n be_v of_o two_o joyntenant_n of_o land_n of_o that_o yearly_a value_n for_o though_o they_o be_v seize_v per_fw-mi my_o and_z per_n tout_fw-fr yet_o in_o truth_n and_o in_o a_o legal_a construction_n either_o of_o they_o be_v seize_v but_o of_o a_o moiety_n so_o that_o if_o two_o joyntenant_n tenant_n in_o common_a or_o coparcener_n be_v seize_v of_o land_n of_o the_o yearly_a value_n of_o threescore_o pound_n either_o of_o they_o may_v sit_v by_o this_o commission_n a_o dean_n and_o chapter_n major_a and_o commonalty_n master_n of_o a_o college_n and_o fellow_n which_o be_v seize_v of_o land_n and_o tenement_n of_o the_o yearly_a value_n of_o a_o hundred_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la be_v not_o in_o respect_n thereof_o to_o sit_v if_o a_o bishop_n dean_n chancellor_n archdeacon_n prebend_n parson_n or_o vicar_n be_v seize_v of_o land_n in_o jure_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la of_o the_o clear_a yearly_a value_n of_o forty_o mark_n i_o suppose_v these_o may_v