according to his inferiour part the body of dust which is a created substance better then nothing of which the Angels were made and yet the Angels in nature far excell man Therefore mans creation of dust doth not prove him to bee so fraile a creature seeing God gave him such an excellent forme To this I answer that to bee created immediatly of nothing is in it selfe a more excellent worke and shewes greater power then to bee made of a meane inferiour matter For when things are said to bee created of nothing the meaning is not that they are made of nothing as of a matter but that they are made of no matter at all but have their whole being from God and his infinite power and so may bee if God will most excellent But when man is said to be formed of dust the meaning is that dust is a part of his substance even the matter of which hee consists and that his body according to the matter is a dusty earthy substance and his Soul though a spirituall substance created of nothing yet dwelling in that body is an inhabitant of an earthly Tabernacle and house of clay founded in the dust Secondly though the frame of mans body is in it selfe most excellent and surpasseth all bodily formes and his Soul is a spirituall substance endowed with reason yet all these were of mutable excellency in the best naturall estate of innocency and could not continue in that excellency but by dependance upon God and cleaving fast to him and by his hand and power sustaining them continually which by promise hee was not bound to doe in that estate And therefore wee may truly gather from the matter of which God formed mans body that hee was in his best naturall being in respect of his body but a dusty substance such as might returne to dust by falling off from God by sin and disobedience yea undoubtedly as God in framing man his chiefest visible creature of dust intended to shew his wisedome and power and to glorifie his goodnesse so also hee teacheth man thereby his owne naturall frailty and mutability how unable hee is of himselfe to abide in honour and excellency And this hee shewes most plainely Gen. 3. 19. where hee saith to man alluding to his creation Dust thou art and to dust thou shalt returne Wee have also an excellent argument to this purpose Iob 14. 18 19. and 15. 15. where the Lord is said to charge his Angels with folly and to lay no trust in his servants and the heavens are not cleare in his sight how much lesse can hee find steadfastnesse in men who dwell in houses of clay which have their foundation in the dust that is seeing the heavenly spirits are not immutably pure in Gods sight but some of the Angels hath God charged with folly to wit such as did fall and to the rest hee hath added supernaturall light of his Spirit and so hath made them Saints immutably holy much lesse is man immutably pure and steadfast by nature whose better part the Soul is by creation made to dwell in an house of clay a body made of dust To this purpose serve those Scriptures of the Prophets and Apostles which compare man in his first creation to clay in the hand of the potter Ier. 18. 9. Rom. 9. 21 which affirme that the first Adam was of the Earth earthy 1 Cor. 15 47. that is in his first creation hee was of an earthy and dusty substance First this serves by discovering unto man his frailty and mutability in his best naturall being to humble every man in his owne eyes and to make him lowly and to withdraw his heart from pride and all high conceipts of any worth in himselfe and to teach us all to ascribe all the unchangable purity which wee finde in ourselves and all our steadfastnesse to the free grace of God in Christ and not to any power of our owne free will or to the excellency of our naturall frame and being If man in his first creation and best naturall being was but of earth and dust an earthy and dusty creature and before that death entered into the World while hee had yet power of free will to obey God and to depend on him was mutable and might fall into sin and disobedience and by sin might bring and did bring death upon himselfe and all his posterity how much more now in the state of nature corrupted is every Son of man a very masse of corruption and frailty yea vanity and abominable filthinesse who drinketh iniquity like water as it is written Iob 15. 16. Wherefore Let no man glory in any naturall power or prerogative nor hope to stand by his owne strength much lesse to merit or purchase by any works of nature or power of free will the least grace supernaturall which tends to bring him to heavenly happinesse and glory unchangeable For man as hee is flesh and blood that is an earthly creature cannot possibly come to inherite the Kingdome of God 1 Cor. 15. 50. Secondly this discovers the madnesse and desperate blindnesse of Pelagians and Papists who teach that a man by the right use of his naturall power and free-will may procure spirituall grace from God and even the Spirit of regeneration and faith working by love by which hee may merit and purchase to himselfe eternall life and heavenly glory and felicity as a just and condigne reward of his works If Angels cannot bee made steadfast and trusty without supernaturall light added to them much lesse can earthy man who by sin is become filthy and abominable worke out his owne salvation by meriting and purchasing the heavenly reward Oh let us all hate and abhorre all such conceipts which wholly tend to the frustrating and evacuating of Christs merits and satisfaction and to make them seeme vaine and needlesse Be not deceived God is not mocked they who sow such tares and feed like swine on the huskes of their owne works and on things which nature teacheth they are enemies to the grace of God which is given onely in Iesus Christ and together with him by communion of his Spirit After the creation of mans Body of dust immediatly followes the creation of his Soule which is to bee understood in these words And breathed into his nosthrils the breath of life and man was a living Soule For no sooner was mans body brought into frame but God breathed into him the breath of life that is caused him to breathe with the breath of life even those vitall spirits which are the band of union by which the Soule is united to the body and in the first instant wherein he created the vitall spirits he also created the spiritual substance of his Soule in his body immediatly of nothing by his omnipotent hand Some are opinion that mans Soule was first created a Spirit subsisting by it selfe before his body was formed and when the body was formed a
fit subject for it then instantly God infused it into the body and by it did give life and breath to the body Some thinke that the body was formed and the Soule in the same instant created together with it as Damascene lib. 2. de fide cap. 12. Aquinas and others And Cyrill thinks that Gods breathing into mans face the breath of life was the infusion of the holy Ghost into man and that man in the creation had the holy Spirit given to dwell in him and was sanctified and endowed with supernaturall grace and holinesse Some thinke that Gods breathing into mans nosthrils was his inspiring into man a reasonable Soule as a part of himselfe so Rabby Moses Maymonides But by breathing into mans face I doe not understand any materiall breathing or blast but that God in causing breath of life to breathe through mans nosthrils did withall create the Soule in the body and by meanes of this reasonable Soule created in the body and united to the body by vitall spirits and breath man became a living Soule that is a living reasonable creature living onely a perfect naturall not an holy spirituall life The Apostle expounds these words in this Sense 1 Cor. 15. and doth make this a maine difference betweene the first man Adam and Christ the second Adam that the first Adam was onely a naturall Man endowed with a naturall living Soule but to be a quickning Spirit that is to bee sanctified by the holy Ghost and endowed with spirituall life is proper to Christ in his creation for in him the Spirit dwelt from his first conception Hence wee learne That the image of God in which mans was created was onely naturall and did consist in naturall gifts which naturally flow from his reasonable Soule and not in any supernaturall gifts of the holy Ghost as true holinesse and the like The words of Saint Paul last before named doe fully prove this I will here onely adde one strong Reason and invincible argument to prove it fully And that is drawne from the mutability of man in the creation and from his fall by which Gods image was defaced in him For it is most certaine that hee who hath in him that image of God which consists in true holinesse and in spirituall and supernaturall gifts hee is not mutable nor subject to fall away because hee hath the holy Ghost dwelling in him who is greater then he that dwels in the World 1 Ioh. 4. that is then the Divell who worketh powerfully in the children of disobedience For all true holinesse and all spirituall graces are the proper worke of the holy Ghost dwelling in man as all the Scriptures testifie But Adam in innocency and honour lodged not therein one night Psalme 49. 12. The Divell at the first onset gave him the foile in his greatest strength of nature and best estate which Divell with all his temptations and all the powers of darknesse and spirituall wickednesses the little ones of Christs flocke doe overcome by the power of the holy Ghost and his graces which they have in their fraile earthen vessels Therefore the image of God in which man was created was naturall onely This discovers Gods goodnesse free grace and bounty beyond all measure and all conceipt and comprehension of humane reason in that it shewes how God by mans fall malice and corruption which made him a slave of Hell and Death did take occasion to bee more kind and bountifull to man and to shew more love and goodnesse to him by repairing the ruines of his fall and renuing him after a better image then that which hee gave him in the creation and making him better after his sin and fall then hee was before in the state of innocency when hee had of himselfe no inclination to any sin or evill and bringing him to grace spirituall in Christ and to an image which cannot bee defaced and to a state firme and unchangable when wee rightly consider these things wee have no cause to murmur at Gods voluntary suffering of man to fall from his estate which was perfect and pure naturall but rather to rejoyce in God and to blesse his name and to magnifie his goodnesse for turning his fall to our higher rising and exaltation and lifting us up by Christ from hell and misery to heavenly glory which never fadeth and to a state spirituall and supernaturall not subject to change and alteration Secondly this Doctrine overthrowes the foundation and false ground upon which Papists and Pelagians doe build and seeke to establish their false and erroneous opinion concerning the apostasie of the Saints regenerate and their falling from supernaturall grace and Iosing the Spirit of regeneration which errour they seeke to establish by this argument Because Adam in innocency had the holy Ghost shed on him and was endued with spirituall and supernaturall gifts of holinesse from which hee did fall by sin and transgression But here wee see there is no such matter Adams image was onely naturall uprightnesse not spirituall supernaturall and true holinesse Hee was but a perfect naturall Man and a living Soule Christ the second Adam onely is called the quickning Spirit because through him onely God sheds the holy Ghost on men and hence it is that though Adam did fall away from his estate which was onely naturall yet the Saints regenerate and called to the state of grace in Christ can never fall away totally nor finally into apostacy because they have the seed of God even the holy Ghost dwelling and abiding in them CHAP. XIII Of the womans creation in particular How without her all was not good Woman not made to be a servant Of giving names to the creatures No creature but woman a meet companion for man Vses Of the rib whereof woman was made Of Adams deepe sleepe Five Points thence collected Of Gods bringing Eve to Adam and two Points thence Of Adams accepting Eve for his wife and calling her bone c. w 〈…〉 h divers points thence Of their nakednesse demonstrating the perfection of the creation GEn. 2. 18 19 20 21. And the Lord said It is not good that the man should be alone I will make an helpe meet for him And every beast and every fowle God brought to Adam to see what hee would call them c. And Adam gave names to them all but for Adam there was not found an helpe meet for him And the Lord God caused a deepe sleep to fall upon Adam and he slept and he tooke one of his ribs and made it a Woman and brought her to the Man c. These words and the rest which follow in this Chapter containe a particular description of the creation of the Woman which before was touched generally and summarily Chap. 1. 27. in these words Male and female created hee them In this History of the Womans creation wee may observe three speciall things First the preparation to it or the antecedents
matter first made and of a forme thereto added afterwards and therefore have a proper existence and being every one in himselfe which cannot be dissolved but in respect of second causes remaines immortall so that this definition and every branch thereof flowes from the former Doctrine as a naturall Corollary or necessary Conclusion And it doth excellently set forth the nature and naturall being and properties of Angels by which they are distinguished from all other things First in that they are called spirits or pure spirituall substances this shewes their nature and being wherein they resemble God and beare his image who is the one onely true Jehovah who hath his essence and being in and of himselfe and gives essence and being to all things and by whom all things subsist as that name Jehovah signifies which he assumes as proper to himselfe Exod. 3. 14 15. and Isa. 42. 8. and who is a spirit as our Saviour restifieth John 4. 24. And by this name spirits they are distinguished from all bodily creatures Secondly in that they are called pure intire spirituall substances and perfect creatures which have every one a proper existence and particular being hereby they are distinguished from the spirits that is the soules of men which are not intire complete and perfect creatures of themselves by creation but are made to be and to subsist in an humane body and together with the body to make up a perfect man Hereby also they are distinguished from the breath of life and the vitall and animall spirits which are in living bodies of men and other living creatures for they are not pure perfect intire creatures which subsist by themselves but fraile vanishing parts of creatures which continually increase and decrease fade and perish Thirdly in that they are called heavenly spirits hereby they are distinguished not onely from the spirits created here below on earth in this inferiour world even soules of men and all bodily spirits but also from God who is a spirit but not contained in any place no not in the Heaven of heavens but is essentially present in all places as well in earth as in heaven as the Scriptures testifie 1 Kin. 8. 27. and Psal. 139. 8. Fourthly in that they are said to be created in the beginning by God hereby they are distinguished from the absolute essence of God and from every one of the three persons in one God for they are not created but are absolutely eternall without beginning of being Fifthly in that they are said to be created in the image and similitude of God this shewes the excellent naturall properties of Angels that they are living spirituall and immortall creatures indued with knowledge wisdome understanding liberty of will power strength and activity to doe and performe great things wisely justly and freely and so to resemble God in his glorious attributes and workes Sixthly in that they are said to be distinguished one from another by a proper and particular subsistence and being which every one hath by himselfe this shewes that Angels are not one common spirit breathed into the highest heavens and every one a part of that one spirit but they are every one a whole substance or person by himselfe as Augustine saith Enchirid. 18. Lastly in that every one is said to have a proper existence and particular being which God hath given him to have in himselfe by which he differs from the rest this necessarily implies that Angels are finite and limited both in their substance and number and are mutable not infinite and unchangeable as God is This is the definition which in the severall parts and branches thereof doth fully set forth the nature and naturall properties of Angels I proceed to the confirmation of the severall parts in order First that Angels are spirits or spirituall substances the holy Scriptures affirme most clearly Psal. 104. 4. and Heb. 1. 7. where it is said that he maketh his Angels spirits And Hebr. 1. 14. where they are called ministring spirits And lest any should thinke or imagine that Angels are not spirits by nature and creation but by grace and communion of the Holy Ghost which is given to the elect Angels in and by Christ and by which they become holy and are settled in the immutable state of eternall blessednesse we have most cleare testimonies in those Scriptures which call not onely the good and elect Angels spirits as Act. 23. 9. and the places before cited but also the evill Angels of Satan even the Divell himselfe and his Angels which in respect of their substance which they still retaine though they have lost their goodnesse and uprightnesse are still called spirits as Levit. 20. 27. 1 Sam. 16. 1 Kin. 22. Matth. 8. 16. Act. 5. 16. Ephes. 2. 2. where the Divell speaking in false Prophets and his spirit of fury in Saul and of lying in Ahabs Prophets and his evill Angels possessing divers persons and cast out by Christ and his Apostles are called evill and unclean spirits Secondly that Angels are entire and complete spirituall substances and perfect creatures which have every one a proper existence and being in himselfe the holy Scriptures prove most clearly by divers reasons First by naming some of them by proper and distinct names as the Angell which was sent to Daniel Dan. 8. 16. and to salute the Virgin Mary Luke 1. is called Gabriel Secondly by giving them such titles and ascribing and assigning to them such offices as belong to none but complete substances and persons which have a proper and personall existence as for example they are called the sons of God Job 1. 6. and 38. 7. They are called Gods messengers and ministers as appeares by their Hebrew and Greek names and by Scriptures Matth. 4. 11. and Heb. 1. 14. They have the office of watchers and guardians which have charge given over the elect and encamp about the righteous to guard and defend them and observe and behold the face of God ready to be at his beck for the defence of his little ones as appeares Num. 22. 22. Psal. 34. 7. and 91. 10. Dan. 4. 13. and Matth. 18. 20. Thirdly the Scriptures doe plainly shew that Angels doe willingly and readily and by themselves performe perfect and complete actions and workes which none can doe but perfect creatures which have a proper subsistence by themselves as for example that in the first creation as soon as they were created they did sing together and lift up their voice Job 38. 7. that they praise God hearken to the voice of his word and keep his commandements Psal. 103. 20. and 149. 2. that they have appeared and spoken to men as to Gideon Judg. 6. to the father of Sampson Judg. 12. and to Eliah 1 Kin. 19. that they have comforted Christ in his agony Luke 22. rolled the stone from his sepulchre Matth. 28. opened the prison doores and set the Apostles at liberty Act. 5. and 12. and
in things which they command contrary to Gods commandements Yea they must remember that they are Gods creatures and handi-worke and ought to employ all their power and authority to the honour of God If otherwise they abuse the talents which God hath lent them let them know that God will one day call them to a reckoning and give them the reward of evill unfaithfull and unprofitable servants even eternall destruction and torment in Hell where shall be howling and wayling and gnashing of teeth Secondly this serves to shew that whosoever offers wrong and injury to any of mankind by cutting mangling or any way defacing their 〈…〉 age and deforming their bodies by afflicting or some way corrupting their soules or by taking away their lives and naturall being without speciall warrant and cōmmandement from God they are notoriously injurious to God himselfe they scorne despise mis-use and deface Gods Workmanship they provoke God to wrath and jealousie and hee surely will bee avenged on such doings And here wee have matter as of dread and terrour to all cruell Tyrants and unmercifull men so of hope and comfort to all who suffer injury and wrong at their hands As the first sort have just cause to feare and tremble so often as they thinke on God the avenger of such wrong so the other have cause to hope that God will not wholy forsake them being the worke of his owne hands nor leave them to the will and lust of the wicked his enemies but will in his good time save them and send them deliverance Thirdly this discovers the abomination and filthinesse of all Idolaters who being the workmanship of God the Lord and wise creator of all things doe most basely bow downe to images and altars and debase themselves to worship humane inventions and the worke of mens hands which are dumbe Idols of wood and stone and lying vanities It is just with God to cast out and expose all such people to ignominy shame and confusion in this world and in the world to come into that place of darknesse where the Divell and all such as forsake God and rebell against the light which from the creation shines to them shall be punished with everlasting destruction from the face and presence of God and from the glory of his power Secondly in that God is here said to forme man of the dust of the ground not of clay well tempered and wrought but of dust which of it selfe is most unfit to be compacted and made into a stedfast shape and which is counted so base and so light that every blast of wind drives it away and in Scripture the basest things are resembled to it Hence wee may learne two things First that God in the creation even of mans body shewed his infinite power and wisedome in bringing dust of the earth which is the basest thing of all into the forme and shape of mans body which is the most excellent of all visible bodies and a fit house and temple not onely of a reasonable living soule but also of Gods holy spirit as other Scriptures plainly affirme This point appeares so plainly in the Text that I need not spend time in further confirmation of it the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 formed here first used implies an excellent forme and the upright face of man Here therefore I will adde for illustration sake the words of David which are very pertinent to this purpose Psal. 139. 14 15 16. where speaking of Gods forming and fashioning him in the wombe of the living substance even the seed blood and flesh of his parents saith he I will prayse thee for I am fearefully and wonderfully made Marvelous are thy workes and that my soule knoweth right well My substance was not hid from thee when I was made in secret and curiously wrought in the lowest parts of the earth Thine eyes did see my substance yet being imperfect and in thy booke were all my members written which in continuance were fashioned when as yet there was none of them Here we see with what feare admiration and astonishment David considers mans frame and the curious workmanship of his body when God forms it in the mothers womb by lively instruments and of a lively matter and substance How much more may we conclude that Gods creating of Adams body which was the most curious naturall body that ever was made is most admirable and deserves more reverence feare and astonishment at our hands being made without instruments out of the basest matter and substance even dust of the earth Surely in this God shewed wisedome and power beyond all admiration The Vse of this doctrine is to stirre us up so often as we thinke of our creation in Adam to laud and praise Gods wisedome and power to feare and reverence God and to admire his curious workmanship And although the matter of which God framed mans body was the basest of all even dust of the ground yet let us not thinke ever a whit more meanly of our creation but so much more admire Gods workmanship in our bodies For to make a curious worke in gold silver or of some beautifull precious and plyable mettall is not rare nor so excellent but to frame of the basest matter the dust of the ground the chiefest worke and even the Master-piece of all works in the visible world that is the body of Adam in the state of innocency this is worthy of all admiration and is a just motive and provocation to stirre us up to praise and to extoll with admiration the wisedome and power of God especially if wee consider the most excellent forme of mans body and upright stature together with the head comely face hands and other members every way fitted and composed to bee instruments of a reasonable soule and to rule and keepe in order and subjection all living creatures Secondly in that the dust of the ground the basest part of the earth is the matter out of which mans body the beautifull Palace and Temple of his Soul was formed in the excellent state of innocency Hence wee learne that man is by nature and in his best naturall being given to him in the creation but a dusty earthy substance in respect of his body and in respect of his Soul an inhabitant of an house of clay the foundation whereof is in the dust But some perhaps will object against the collection of this Doctrine from the base and fraile matter of which mans body was formed and will thus argue That the state and condition of creatures is not to bee esteemed by the matter of which they were made but by the forme and being which God gave to them as for example the Angels together with the highest heaven were created immediatly of nothing as well as the rude unformed masse which is called earth and yet they are most glorious spirits and the rude masse is not to bee compared to them Yea man was created
matter and every part of it to receive that forme which God gave to the whole World and every creature therein And by his word he gave a speciall forme and being to every creature after his kind as afterwards appeares throughout the whole Chapter And hee gave the gift of generation and propagation to every kind of creature which is propagated and begotten and power to multiply and without his power assisting and working together no creature is formed at all so that this Doctrine is most necessarily gathered from hence And other Scriptures fully confirme it as Act. 17. 25 28. where it is said that in him we live move and have our being and hee gives life breath and being to all Hee hath not onely made the heavens and the earth and all the host of them and every thing which hath being even all the changable elements and vanishing meteors in the first Creation as fire water aite earth haile snow thunder lightening clouds vapours and the like as wee read Job 28. Psalm 33. 6. and Psalm 149. 5. and Isa. 66. 2. but he also frames every man in the womb of his mother as the Psalmist testifieth Psalm 139. 13 14 15. and all children and the fruite of the womb are a gift and blessing which cometh of the Lord Psalm 129. 3. And reason drawne from the proper name of God Jehovah proves this that hee gives all being to every thing and that as he is absolute of himselfe so the being of every creature depends wholy on him for so much that name signifieth as I have elsewhere proved First this serves to admonish us that as wee our selves are the creatures of God and he is our Lord to whom wee owe our whole substance being power strength life breath and motion and are bound to imploy all to his glory so all other things in the World which serve for our use or can come within our reach and power are Gods workmanship he is the Lord and owner of them and no man ought to use or imploy them but by his permission and in his service and to his glory Therefore let us devote our selves to God and serve him by all his creatures and for our life breath being and all things render due thankes to his heavenly Majesty confessing that the whole World is his and the fulnesse thereof Secondly this Doctrine sheweth that no man hath right or interest before God in any creature or in his owne life limbs and members of his body but by the free gift of God Yea since mans fall and forfeiture of his life and all things by sin no man hath right to any good thing in the World but in Christ who is heire of all things and hath by his merit and mediation procured the preservation and continuance of being to man and to all other things made for mans use Although wicked carnall unregenerate men have a common right and interest civilly before men in their lives goods lands and possessions yet before God while they abuse their power riches and all abilities to sin and to pride and oppression in the service of their owne lusts they are no better then theeves and usurpers And let all such looke to it for certainely God will call them to account judge and condemne them as for unjust possessing so much more for their profane abuse of his creatures and all worldly blessings Secondly in that God who by his infinite power can make perfect in a moment and that immediatly out of nothing the most excellent creatures of all even the highest heaven and the Angels did of his owne will and according to his counsell make a rude confused imperfect and unstable matter first without forme that out of it he might frame and indeed did frame this whole visible World and all creatures therein Hence wee may learne That as all this World is mutable and inconstant so the mutability and inconstancy of all visible and naturall things in this World is a thing which God purposed and foreshewed in the creation of them and all alterations and changes which are found in them are according to the counsell of his will and hee alone doth over-rule order and dispose them Many Scriptures prove this fully in all parts Wise Solomon sheweth at large that all worldly things are subject to continuall changes Eccles. 1. 4 5. 6. and David Psalm 102. 26. testifieth of the visible heavens which are the most durable parts of the inferiour World that they shall perish and shall waxe old as doth a garment and as a vesture God shall change them and they shall be changed and Isa. 40. 7. all Flesh is said to bee as grasse which withereth and the glory thereof as the flower of the Field which fadeth and 2 Pet. 3. 10. 11. the Apostle affirmes that the heavens shall passe away with a noyse and the elements shall melt with heat and the Earth with all things therein shall bee burnt and that it is God who over-ruleth ordereth and disposeth all mutations and changes in the World David also sheweth Psalm 104. 29. 30. that when God hideth his face all living creatures are troubled when hee taketh away their breath they dye and are turned into their dust and Psalm 46. 6. Hee saith that when God uttereth his voice the Earth melteth and Vers. 8. Come and behold the workes of the Lord how hee disposeth desolutions in the Earth and Isa. 24. 1. the Prophet saith Behold the Lord will empty the Earth and lay it waste hee will ovâ—rturne the face of it and disperse them that dwell therein It is God who pulleth downe the mighty and exalteth the humble and meeke 1. Sam. 2. Hee restraines the waters and rivers are dried up Hee sendeth them out and they overturne the Earth Hee breaketh downe and it cannot bee built againe he leadeth counsellors away spoiled and maketh judges fooles hee removeth away the speech of the trustie and taketh away the understanding of the aged hee powreth out contempt upon princes and weakeneth the strength of the mighty Iob 12. 14. 15. 17. 20 21. This Doctrine serves to admonish us not to put trust or confidence in any worldly thing not in the earth nor any creatures in it not in the face of the heavens nor in the Sun Moone and Starres because all are so mutable and changable A faire Sun-shine morning may bee turned into a tempestuous day of haile and raine When the Sun is risen up most gloriously in the morning upon Sodome and the countries of the plaine before noone they may bee destroyed by a shower of fire and brimstone and fruitfull lands may quickly bee turned into desarts and barren wildernesse The Sun it selfe may stand in the midst of â—â—s course and may bee turned backe when hee is going downe Wherefore let us not trust in deceiptfull vanities but still remember that of the holy Psalmist O put not your trust in princes nor in any child of man for
15. In a word common sense and reason teach us that if the Woman be made in the image of the Man and the Man is made in Gods image then Women must needs beare Gods image and likenesse But the truth is God being still the same both in the creation of the Man and of the Woman and creating both by the same wisedome and power hee needed not to take Adam for his paterne whereby to make the Woman but made her in his owne image as hee did man and so in all things like to man the different sexe onely excepted This serves to admonish and stirre up women to bee carefull diligent and industrious so to beare themselves as they that are made after Gods image so to order their lives conversation as they who expect the glory of heaven and must by passing through the state of grace here and by conforming themselves to Christ both in his death by mortification and in his life by sanctification come to the fulnesse of glory in Heaven and bee made conformable and like to Christ in his glorious body and coheires of God with him Secondly it serves to reprove the wicked and profane men of the World whose wickednesse is transcendent and their profanenesse most horrible and impious in that base esteeme which they have of the female sexe and the vile account which they make of woman-kind who thinke and speake of women that they have no soules nor any part in Gods image and are utterly uncapable either of grace in this World or glory in the World to come Like and equall unto which in their profane impiety are common strumpets and whorish women the shame and staine of woman-kind who prostitute themselves to all filthinesse and so live as if they were made onely to serve the lusts of unreasonable men of bruitish lust I proceed to the more speciall things which are more distinctly laid downe concerning the creation of mankind where I will first insist upon the creation of the male and female and the matter of which they were made and of the manner and order in which God formed them Which that wee may distinctly understand wee must looke forward to the 7. Verse of the 2. Chapter where the creation of mankind is more particularly rehearsed in these words and the Lord God formed man of the dust of the ground and breathed into his nosthrils the breath of life and man became a living soule In the Hebrew text the man is here called Adam not as by his proper name but as it is the common name of all mankind for so much the article which is prefixed before it doth shew and therefore as the Greeke so also our English Translators doe translate this word not Adam but Man God formed man of the dust For in the first creation the man comprehended in him all mankind even the Woman who then was a Rib in his side and afterward was taken out and formed into a Woman The matter of which God formed Adam is said to bee the dust of the ground and here he useth another word not used before in the creation of other things that is the word formed for hee doth not say that God made or created but formed man and true it is that whole man was not made of dust but onely the substance of his bodie and therefore it is said that God formed man to wit in respect of his body of the dust of the ground that is hee framed and fashioned it of dust as a potter formes a pot of clay and brought it into that forme and shape which all perfect bodies of mankind doe beare untill this day And this is the first beginning of the being both of the Man and also of the Woman who was created here a Rib at the first in Mans side and afterwards taken out and made into a Woman First in that Iehovah Elohim the Lord God is here said to forme man that is to frame his body of dust and to bring it into the forme and shape which it beares in all mankind Hereby wee are taught that God did neither consult with Angels about mans creation nor assume them or any other creatures into the fellowship of this worke but God himselfe alone who is Iehovah one God in essence and substance and yet Elohim that is more Persons even three Persons in that one undivided essence did forme the very body of man and brought it into that forme and temper that it might bee a fit subject of the soule which is a spirituall substance And this all other Scriptures confirme which attribute the creation of mankind to God alone as Deut. 4. 32. and Isa. 45. 12. with many other places where the creation of man upon earth is ascribed unto God onely and where holy and faithfull men speaking as they were moved by the holy Ghost confesse themselves the worke of Gods hands as Iob 10. 3. and God their maker and former Iob 36. 3. and Malac. 2. 10. and God the potter and themselves his formed worke Isa. 64. 8. This Doctrine well weighed is of excellent use First to make us ascribe all our excellency and all our well being to God that wee may give him the glory of them and that wee may beare our selves before God as before our creatour and may ever remember that whatsoever service wee are able to performe either with our soules or bodies it is wholy due to God and none other but onely in him and by commandement and warrant from his holy and infallible Word Seeing God alone hath created us and given us all our being even the forme and shape of our bodies wee must not thinke it enough to keepe our selves to God and to serve him in spirit onely but wee must serve and worship him with our bodies also and with all parts and members of our bodies Although God many times makes men instruments and meanes to convey health life being and well being to us as naturall Parents to bring us into being and life and to nourish and bring us up and as Kings and Rulers and wise Magistrates to bee Saviours of our bodily lives from death and other dangers and to procure safety peace and well being to us and in this respect and for these causes wee doe owe love honour and service to them in and under God yet in no case may wee in things which tend not to the honour but dishonour of God and are contrary to his Word and Will and offensive to his Majesty obey serve and honour them In such cases let us say as the Apostles did to the high-Priests and Rulers of the Iewes We ought to obey God rather then men and whether it be right and lawfull to obey you more then God judge yee Act. 4. 19. and 5. 29. All Potentates Kings and Rulers because they are men and have no power but from God must not looke that any should serve and obey them rather then God or
a different substance Secondly that it bee formed and made by that whereof it is the image and according to the paterne of it Where any of these two is wanting there can bee no image at all as for example One egge is like another in nature substance and all naturall properties yet that egge is not the image of the other because the one is not made by the other as the paterne of it so wee may say of an apple or a figge and of many other things but the forme of an egge or apple made in chalke or paste or wax is the image of an egge or apple though not so like it as another egge or apple and farre different in nature and substance because it is formed by it as by a paterne And againe though an egge bee formed in the body and of the naturall substance of a bird and sometimes wormes are bred in the bodies of men and beasts and the egge resembles the bird in whitenesse or in variety of other colours and the wormes seeme like mans flesh in whom they are bred both in colour and substance and in life sense and motion yet they cannot bee called images because they are not like in shape nor outward forme nor in any property but onely in some qualities and small resemblance But the picture or statue made after a man and in many things like him though more like another man then him yet it is his image and not the image and picture of another so the figure of a man appearing in a glasse when hee stands before it though it differs in nature and substance and is but a vanishing shadow yet because in outward shape forme and colour it is very like and is expressed in the glasse by him looking in it therefore is his image And the impression of a stamp or seale made in wax or well tempered clay is the image of that stampe or seale though it bee not perfectly like by reason of some small defects in the wax clay or stamping and the impression of another seale engraven with the same figure or letters may bee in all points more like and yet not the image of it because it was not made after it but by another seale engraven with the same figure Now then that wee may plainely see that man was created and how hee was created in the image of God and made after his likenesse and that hee is a true accidentall image of God his Creatour Wee are to observe and take notice of these two things First that God did frame mans nature even his whole soule and body after himselfe with intent that both his substance and naturall properties and endowments might take their patterne from him his Creatour that is in a word God himselfe was the originall and chiefe patterne by which alone man was made and formed Secondly that though divers other creatures had in divers things more resemblance of God then man had as the heavens in large comprehension of the visible World the Sun in glorious brightnesse beauty and Majesty the highest heaven in glory and immutability And all creatures as they have essence and being and were made good and perfect in their kind have some more some fewer impressions and resemblance of God in his essence and attributes yet none can bee called the image of God among all visible creatures but onely man because though God formed all things after his owne will wisedome and goodnesse yet hee made no visible creature living or without life so farre resembling himselfe in his nature and essentiall properties that it might justly or with good reason bee called his image but onely man As man alone of all creatures under heaven was made in the image of God so man alone doth so plainely resemble God is so stamped with the impression of Gods properties and in his whole nature and frame is made so fit a subject for God to dwell in and to bee conformed to God and wherein God may shew his wisedome power goodnesse liberty of will justice mercy and other attributes that hee onely of all visible creatures can truely bee called the image of God Let us now therefore in the next place come to the things wherein this image of God did consist and in respect of which things man is said to bee created in the image of God and to bee the image of God his creatour First it is a most certaine truth that the image of God in which man was created is nothing else but the conformity of man unto God and man is truly called the image of God in respect of all those things wherein hee doth more then any other visible creatures resemble God in his divine essence and properties Now this conformity of man unto God is twofold primary or secondary Primarie conformity is seated in the Soule of man or in man according to his soule the chiefe part of his substance Secondary conformitie is that which is in man according to his bodie and consists in the body and in things which belong to his body Conformitie of Man to God in his Soule is either in the Nature of substance of his Soule or in the naturall Faculties Properties and Endowments of it First conformity to God in the Substance of his Soule is the similitude which mans Soule hath unto the nature and substance of God in that mans Soule is not a Corporeall substance as all visible Creatures are nor a Materiall body created of any former matter but it is a pure Spirit even a spirituall incorporeall invisible and living substance and so it is called 1 Cor. 2 11. Heb. 12. 23. and both here in my text and 1 Cor 15. 45. a Living Soule which lives and gives life to the body and in these things it is like unto God who in his nature and being is a Spirit or a spirituall substance as our Saviour affirmes Joh. 4. 24. is called the Invisible God Coloss. 1. 15. Tim. 1. 17. and the Living God Psal. 42. 2. Ier. 10. 10. Ioh. 6. 96. and his Eternall power and Godhead are called Invisible things Rom 1. 20. yea as God saith of himselfe Isa 40. 18. So wee may truely say of mans Soule that it cannot truely be likened to any visible thing neither can any bodily substance resemble it Conformity to God in the naturall faculties properties and indowments of his Soule is the likenesse and similitude which man in respect of his reason understanding liberty of will desires and affections all upright and perfect had unto Gods wisedome knowledge goodnesse libertie justice mercy and the like First man in his perfect understanding naturall light wisedome and knowledge did resemble Gods wisedome and knowledge of all things For man in his creation and naturall integritie did rightly know God and himselfe and did perfectly understand all the workes and the nature of all the creatures of God and what was good both
it is a fit subiect for a reasonable Soule and the principall parts of it fit instruments for the severall faculties of the Soule whereby to performe their many and severall workes and operations the wisedome power and goodnesse of God did shine forth of mans body more then in all visible creatures and the Image of God appeared in it Mans eyes sight and all outward senses did represent Gods omniscience and knowledge of all things his hands did shew and represent Gods power to do and worke whatsoever he will his armes did represent Gods strength and power to save his People and to destroy his enemies The beauty comelinesse naturall majesty which appeared in mans body upright stature by which he did overlooke all creatures as one most fit to rule them did shew forth and represent the glory and majestie of God and his Lordship dominion providence and power by which he governs all things In a word though mans body was mutable in the Creation and state of innocency and might fall from that state yet so long as man did continue in that state and did not sin he had that lively vigour perfect temper of body which did free him from death and all evills which tend to hurt and destruction which also was able to uphold him in life and strength for ever if sin had not entred and so in some sort he was immortall and impassible not subject to death or any passion and suffering of hurt and evill in his body and so there was in his body some likenesse of Gods immortalitie For proofe of this wee have good arguments in Scripture First God himself sheweth that murther and shedding of mans bloud is a defacing of his Image in which he created man and for that cause he threatens revenge of murther and of violence offered to Mans bloud Gen. 9. 5 6. Now murther and shedding of mans bloud â—s a defacing of mans body therefore the body also is a secondarie Image of God Secondly the Scriptures which set forth Gods attributes and workings by severall parts of mans body as his omniscience and providence by Eyes Psal. 33. 18. 2. Cron. 16. 9. his activity and working by Hands as Exod. 15. 16. Psal. 44. 3. Isa. 51. 9. his love and mercy by Bowells as Isa. 63. 15. Jer. 31. 20. his punishing and revenging Iustice by breath of mouth and nostrills Psal. 38. 15. and Isa. 11. 4. his secret thoughts counsells and purposes by Heart Psal. 33. 11. his utterance of his mind and will by Mouth Jer. 9. 12. these Metaphors do shew that the body of man and chiefe parts of it have some similitude of Gods attributes and workes and so mans body is secondarily the Image and likenesse of God Thirdly the Scriptures shew that death is the wages of Sin and all mortality and subjection to evills and passions which tend to hurt and corruption came in by mans disobedience and fall as appears Rom. 5. 12. and 6. 23. and by Gods commination Gen. 2. 19. But in the Creation and state of innocencie man had in him no Sin nor any inclination of himself to any evill or Sin therefore he was after a sort â—mmortall and incorruptible in his body and had even in it a similitude of Gods immortality Fourthly the body was in all things conformable to the Soule fit and ready in all things to follow the motions of the Soule to be directed and moved by the upright reason will and affections and to doe all workes unto which they move it and therefore as the Soule was made in the primary Image and likenesse so the body in the secondary Image and likenesse of God Lastly to conclude this doctrine of Gods Image in which man was created wee may not unfitly affirme and with good reason hold that though man in the state of innocency before the promise of Christ had no Supernaturall gifts nor any part of the Spirituall Image of the second Adam but was onely a perfect naturall man and not immediatly proximâ potentiâ capable of supernaturall grace nor of the Divine nature yet because his nature and whole frame was such as had a possibility or remote power to be made partaker of the Holy Ghost united to God in Christ and made pattaker of the Divine nature and a new creature or new man framed after God therefore he in this respect may be said to be Created in the Image of God that is in such a forme and of such a nature as had a possibility to become like unto Christ and a new creature made in the Spirituall Image of God Now this Doctrine of Gods Image briefly and compendiously proved in all parts is of excellent use First this discovers the infinite riches of the bounty of God passing all bounds and declares his goodnesse to be like a great deep which can never be sounded in that he hath overcome all our evill and malice towards him with his great goodnesse to us and and when wee had forfeited our being and his Image in which he created us good and perfect with all naturall perfections and did justly deserve to degenerate and be turned into the Image of the Divell and to become in the likenesse of his malice and and misery he out of his owne meere mercy and free grace and bounty did give his Sonne and the Sonne did freely undertake to humble himself to become a second Adam made in a better Image even an heavenly and spirituall that he might not onely suspend the execution of Gods just sentence upon mankind and procure to the first Adam and all his posterity the continuance of their naturall being for a time and of some reliques of the Image which they had wholly forfeited but also might renue a great number chosen out of mankind and restore them to a better even an heavenly Image by transforming and changing them into his spirituall and supernaturall Image and making them conformable to it and partakers of the Divine nature by the mysticail dwelling and powerfull operation of his spirit in them Here is that which may dazle the eyes of men and the sight of Angells when they looke into it and which may astonish all hearts of men and confound all humane reason when they thinke of it and heare it preached That God infinitely just and holy to hate and punish Sin should by our evill and Sin committed against him and his just will and Law take occasion to be more good and to shew greater goodnesse to us and when wee deserved to have no being but in Hell and eternall misery hath raised us up to the spirituall state of grace from which we cannot be hurled and cast downe by all the powers of darkenesse and by which wee shall ascend to the blessed state of Heavenly and Eternall glory Here is love surpassing all knowledge the depth whereof wee may admire and adore in silence but neither can our hearts conceive nor our tongues expresse the