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A37219 A memorial for the learned, or, Miscellany of choice collections from most eminent authors in history, philosophy, physick, and heraldry / by J.D., Gent. J. D., Gent.; Tate, Nahum, 1652-1715. 1686 (1686) Wing D38; ESTC R18713 93,900 252

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men live longer commonly than in hot and in Islands than in the Continent Places observed for long livers are Arcadia Aetolia India Brasil Taprobane Britain and Ireland the Orcades and Hebrides To try the healthfulness of Air Take To try the healthfulness of Air. a lock of Wool and expose it to the open Air a few days if the weight-be not much increased another by a piece of Flesh if it corrupt not too soon Of these enquire further Fair in Face or Skin or Hair are shorter Signs of long Life livers Black red or freckled longer A pale colour in Youth betokens long Life so also a hard Skin and hard curled Hair Grey Hairs for Baldness signifie nothing much Hairiness in the upper Parts betokens short but in the lower Parts long Life A broad Breast somewhat crooked Shoulders a Hand large c. are signs of a long Life Medicines for long Life Often letting of Blood is certainly beneficial Blood-letting for long Life as also emaciating Diseases if well cured Saffron often taken in Meat is a great Strong Liquors and Spices help Spices Wine and strong Drinks must be used very moderately for they yield a predatory heat unto the Spirits There conduce to the robust heat of the Venus Spirits Venus often excited rarely performed A spare Diet as is approved by Experience Spare Diet. rendreth a man long liv'd Exercises wherein the Strength is too Exercise much extended hurteth much but used moderately benefit Great Joys attenuate the Spirits familiar Joys Chearfulness strengthens them Joy communicated sparingly comforts Grief and Fears the Spirits Grief and Sadness if void of Fear and not too violent prolong Life but great Fears injure much Anger suppressed is an Enemy to Longevity Anger and Envy but let loose it helpeth it but of all Passions Envy is the greatest Abbreviator of Life Pity without Fear is good otherwise Pity and Shame dangerous light Shame hurteth not but much and of long continuance is pernicious Love if not too unfortunate and violent Love and Hope hath good effects and Hope if not too much frustrated is the most beneficial of all Affections Admiration and light Contemplation Admiration are very powerful to the prolonging of Life Note that all these produce their Effects by the several operations on the Spirits It is a very great advantage to Longevity The chief pr●●moters of Longevity when the Spirits are in a placid and healthful state that which will be seen by the tranquility of their mind and chearful disposition that they cherish them and not change them Now the Spirits are contained in the same state by a restraining of the Affections temperateness of Diet abstinence from Venus moderation in Labour indifferent Rest and Repose Certainly living in Caves and Dens Desarts and Mountains where the Air is not heated with the Sun helps length of Life as hath been always observed Also living upon Mountains as those in Barbary produceth the same effect But that which hath the most potent operation Anointing the Skin to long Life is the anointing the Skin very finely every morning either with Oyl of Olives or sweet Almonds which stops the Pores and exceedingly refreshes and advantages the Spirits And 't is certain that Sweats commonly advanceth Sweats Health but derogateth much from long Life But note that Anointing is very subject to many Inconveniences Woollen worn next the Body is likewise Woollen very advantageous The next thing for the advancement of Clysters and Bathings long Life is the keeping of the Blood cool which is done by often taking Clysters and in the Summer-time Bathings To keep the juice of the Body somewhat hard which much conduces to long Meats Life these Meats are necessary Beef swines-Swines-flesh Deer Goat Kid Swan Goose Ring-dove especially a little poudered Fish likewise salted and dried old Cheese and the like and for Bread any Corn makes more solid Bread than Wheat Generally all Fish-eaters are long liv'd Fish-eaters likewise little and dry Aliment is very advantageous Pure Water usually drunk benefits Water much but more if you add a little Nitre Cold Baths are much better than hot Swimming and Swimming as all other Exercises abroad are very good For Liquors very old Beer or Wine is Liquors very profitable especially if you put Swines-flesh or Deers-flesh well boyled in the Vessel that the sharp Spirits feeding upon these might lose their mordacity Likewise Ale would be very useful for Ale long Life if it were made not only of Grain but that it were mixed with a third part of sweet Roots as Potado-roots and the like Such things as are good for the Stomach Simples for the Stomach above other Simples are these Rosemary Elecampane Mastick Wormwood Sage Mint And note that nothing is worse than in Note a morning fasting to put any thing into the Stomach which is purely cold It is altogether requisite to long Life Motion that the Body should never rest long in one posture but that every half hour at least it change the posture save only in Sleep Great variety of Meat without doubt is Variety of Meat a great prolonger of Life as also good and well chosen Sawces Roast and bak'd Meats be much better than boyl'd It is certain that Diets that are now in Changing the Juyce use as Guaiacum Sarsaperilla China and Sassafras if they be continued for any time do first attenuate the whole Juyce of the Body and after consume it and drink it up and thereby is very useful and beneficial in Age to alter the old Juyce and after to place new Juyce which must needs be a great promoter of long Life for it is apparently manifest that men who by these Diets are brought to be extream lean pale and as it were Ghosts will soon after become fat well coloured and apparently young again We do confidently affirm that often Purges Purges and made even familiar to the Body do much conduce to long Life but the best Purges for this intention are those which are taken immediately before Meat because they dry the Body less and therefore they must be of those Purges which do least trouble the Belly The Porches of Death If Bloud or Flegm get into the ventricles Sudden Death of the Brain it causeth sudden Death as also a great Blow on the Head All Poysons presently expel the Spirits Poysons also extream Drunkenness or Feeding sometimes cause sudden Death Extream Grief or Fear cause the like Extream Passions as also Joys excessive and sudden have bereft many of their Lives Strangling or stopping the Breath cause Strangling Death for want of refrigeration to the Heart if it were possible that Pulse beating or Systole and Diastole of the Heart could be stopped without stopping the Breath Death would follow more speedily thereupon than by Strangling For reviving
this Part a very great Agility and hath in the Tongue a mucous and slimy Extremity whereby upon a sudden Emission it inviscates and tangleth those Insects CHAP. XXII Of the Ostrich THE common Opinion of the Ostrich Struthiocamelus or Sparrow-camel conceives that it digests Iron which is confirmed by the Affirmations of many learned Authors Yet the Negative pleads with more Reason for Pliny Aetian and Leo Africanus who lived in those Countreys wherein they most abound only say The Digestion is wonderful in this Animal and Riolanus in his Comment thereof positively denies it Some have experimentally refuted it as Albertus magnus and most plainly Ulysses Aldrovandus who observed an Ostrich to swallow Iron but yet to exclude it undigested again and beside Experiment it is in vain to attempt against it by Philosophical Argument The ground of this Conceit is its swallowing down fragments of Iron which men observing have therefore conceived it digested them Just as men swallow Cherry-stones which conceive a durable and strong Heat in the Stomach and so help Digestion and prevent the Crudities of the Fruit but they themselves came out undigested And to the same purpose do other Animals swallow small Stones and thus may the Ostrich swallow Iron CHAP. XXIII Of Unicorns-horn GREAT account and much profit is made of that which beareth the Name of Unicorns-horn wherein many suspect an Imposture For that which is used under that Name is white whereas all agree that have had a sight of that Animal that his Horn is red Briefly many of those commonly received and whereof there be so many Fragments preserved in England are not only no Horn but a Substance harder than a Bone that is parts of the Tooth of a More or Sea-horse in the midst of the solider part contained a curled grain which is not to be found in Ivory CHAP. XXIV That all Animals of the Land are in their Kind in the Sea THIS though received as a Princ●●ple is a Tenent very questionable and will admit of Restraint For some in the Sea are not to be matched by any Enquiry by Land and hold those Shapes which terrestrious Forms approach not as may be observed in the Moon-fish or Orthrageriscus the several sorts of Raia's Torpeda's Oysters and many more And some there are in the Land which were never maintained to be in the Sea as Panthers Hyaena's Camels Sheep Moll 's and others which carry no Name in Icthyology nor are to be found in the exact Descriptions of Rondoletius Gesner or Aldrovandus CHAP. XXV Concerning the common course of Diet in making choice of some Animals and abstaining from eating others WHY we confine our Food unto certain Animals and totally reject some others Whether this Practice be built upon solid Reason or chiefly supported by Custom or Opinion may admit Consideration And first there is no absolute necessity of eating any For before the Flood our Fathers from vegetable Animals preserved themselves unto longer Lives and it was after the Deluge when for the present the nature of Vegetables was destroyed or infirmed It is delivered Every moving thing Gen. 9. 3. that liveth shall be Meat for you But when ever it be acknowledged that men began to feed on Flesh yet how they betook themselves after to particular Kinds thereof is a Point not clearly determined Whether Moses's distinction before the Flood were not only in regard of Sacrifices as that after was in regard of Food is not yet resolved If we will give credit to Authors we shall understand that there is no kind of Animal but one time or other hath been used for Food in some Parts and many refuse not to eat of that which is more impure than what they reject But to conclude Without doubt there is an ample sufficiency without all Flesh in the food of Honey Oyl and several sorts of Milk and also in Vegetables which would be very beneficial unto Health and much prolong our days CHAP. XXVI Of Sperma Ceti and the Sperma Ceti Whale WHAT Sperma Ceti is and that it was not the Spawn of a Whale Philosophers have always doubted That it proceedeth from a Whale it is indubitably determined by a Sperma Ceti Whale cast on our Coast of Norfolk which contained A description of a Whale no less than 60 Foot in length the Head somewhat peculiar with a large Prominency over the Mouth Teeth only in the lower Jaw received into fleshly Sockets in the upper the weight of the largest about two pound the Eyes but small the Pizel large and prominent out of the Head of this Whale flowed streams of Oyl and Sperma Ceti This many conceive was the Fish which swallow'd up Jonas CHAP. XXVII Compendiously of sundry Tenents concerning other Animals which examined prove either false or dubious 1. AND first From great Antiquity and The Melody of Swans before the Melody of Syrens the musical Notes of Swans have been commended and that they sing sweetly before their death for thus we read in Plato Thus was it the Bird of Apollo and hath never wanted Assertors All which notwithstanding it is doubtfully received by famous Authors and some expresly have refuted it That which probably confirmeth this is the strange and unusual length of the Wind-pipe or conformation of the vocal Organ in this Animal But this is thought only to be contrived to contain a larger stock of Air that they might the longer space detain their Heads under Water 2. That there is a special property in Of the Peacock the Flesh of Peacocks roast or boyled to preserve a long time incorrupted hath been the Assertion of many and the same by Experiment we can confirm our selves if so hanged up by a Thread that they touch no place whereby to contract a moisture 3. That Storks will only live in free Of the Stork States is a petty Conceit and a vulgar Error the contrary being known in many Parts of the World 4. The Antipathy between a Toad and Of an a Spider and that they poisonously destroy each other is very famous and solemn Stories have been written of their Combats wherein most commonly the Victory is given to the Spider But we having included a Toad in a Glass with several Spiders observed him to swallow them down to the number of seven 5. Whether a Lion be afraid of a Cock Os a Lion and a Cock. is related and believed by most although how far they stand in fear of that Animal we may sufficiently understand from what is delivered by Camerarius whose words are these In our Time in the Court of the Prince of Bavaria one of the Lions leaped down into a Neighbour's Yard where nothing regarding the crowing of the Cocks he eat them up with many other Hens 6. That Snakes and Vipers do sting or Of Snakes transmit their Mischief by the Tail is a common expression not easily to be justified and a determination of their
abrogated 87 Stews put down 93 A great Sleeper ibid Serges made in England 100 A Star at Noon at King Charles the 2ds Birth 107 T. ORders of Templers Page 49 Wonderful Accident of Thunder 51 Thames almost dry 50 Decrease of Teeth in Men. 68 1500 executed for Treason 69 Five M●●n hang'd at Tyburn yet lived after 77 A wonderful Tempest 97 Tobacco brought into England 99 U. UTer Page 4 A strange Vision 89 A miraculous Victory 94 W. WIlliam sirnamed Rufus Page 10 His Expedition into Normandy 11 Death and Burial ibid Wales subdu'd 17 Woolsey Cardinal 30 Woolston's Miracle 48 Westminster first built 49 Prince of Wales whence first 59 Wales and England united Apparel for Whores 67 King Edward and the Widow 81 A large Whale taken 101 〈◊〉 brought to London 104 Y. YEomen of the Guard first instituted Page 86 Collections of Life and Death NAture durable and not durable in Stones Metals Page 111 In Herbs and Fruit-trees 112 Length and shortness of Life in Creatures viz. The Elephant Camel Dog Sow Vultures ib Birds Fishes Crocodiles tame Animals 113 Of Nourishment 114 To make large Fruit. ibid Where Men live longest ibid To try Healthfulness of Air Signs of long Life Medicines for long Life Blood-letting Strong Liquors and Spices Spare Diet Exercise 115 Of Joys Grief and Fear Anger and Envy Pity and Shame Love and Hope Admiration 116 Chief Promoters of Longaevity Desarts and Mountains Anointings Sweatings Woollen Clysters Bathing Meats c. 117 118 The Porches of Death SUdden Death Poysons Extream Passions Strangling Page 119 To recal Life if possible 120 Collections of Natural History containing many choice Experiments viz. PErcolation Separating Bodies by weight c. To make Vines fruitful Meats and Drinks most nourishing An admirable Drink To keep long under Water To prolong Life Make Drink fresh Keep Fruit green Ripen Apples To make Gold Accelerate Growth Make Whelps little Preserving Rose-leaves Candles long last To make a hot Bed Fruit grow into shape To make Inscriptions on Trees Fruit without Core or Stone To try Seeds if good When to gather Fruits Easiest Death Of Drunkenness Prognosticks of unwholsom Years Induration of Quick-silver Apples without Core Raise Water by Flame Of Sneezing Audacity Food beneficial to the Brain To help Courage and Ingenuity Infallibly to take away Warts From Page 121. to Page 132. Vulgar Errors First Book THeir Causes Page 132 A further Illustration 133 Second Cause 135 Nearer and more immediate Causes in wise and common sort of People viz. Misapprehension Fallacy Credulity Supinity Adherence to Authority Antiquity and Tradition 137 Brief Enumeration of Authors 141 Of the same 143 The last Promoter of Common Errors Satan 144 Second Book OF Chrystal Page 145 Of the Loadstone 148 Of Bodies Electrical 149 Tenents of Vegetables 151 Insects and Properties of Plants 153 Third Book OF the Elephant Page 154 Of the Horse 155 Of the Dove 156 Of the Bever 157 Of the Badger 158 Of the Bear ibid Of the Basilisk 159 Of the Wolf 160 Of the Deer 161 Of the Kingfisher 163 Of Griffins 164 Of the Phoenix 165 Of Frogs Toads and Toadstone 166 Of the Salamander 167 Of the Amphisbaena 168 Of the Viper 169 Of Hares 170 Of Moles 171 Of Lampries 172 Of Snails 173 Of the Chameleon 174 Of the Ostrich 175 Of the Unicorns Horn. 176 That all Animals of the Land are in the Sea 177 Common course of Diet and choice or abstinence from sundry Animals 178 Of Sperma Ceti 179 Tenents of Animals false or dub●● 180 Swans Melody ibid The Peacock ibid Of the Stork Toad Spider Lion Cock Snakes 181 Fourth Book Of the Erectness of Man 182 Of the Heart 184 Of Plurisies and 185 the Ring-finger 185 Of the right and left Hand 186 Of Swimming and Floating 187 Of Weight 188 Passages of Meat and Drink 189 Of Sneezing 190 Of the Jews 191 Of Pigmies 193 Fifth Book OF Pictures First Of the Pelican Page 194 Picture of the Dolphin 195 Serpent and Eve 196 Pictures of Eastern Nations c. 197 Sixth Book OF the Beginning of the World 199 Seventh Book HIstorical Tenents Of the forbidden Fruit. 199 That a Man has one Rib less than a Woman 203 The Death of Aristotle 204 Abridgment of Honour PRiviledges due to the Gentry 205 Of the Esquire 206 Of Knighthood in general and the Knight-Batchelor 207 Of the Knight of the Bath 208 Of Bannerets 209 Of Baronets 210 Of Barons 211 Of a Bishop 212 The Viscount 213 Count or Earl 213 The Marquess 213 Of the Duke 214 Of the Archbishop ibid The Prince 215 The King 216 Of Women 217 ●●edence amongst the Peers of England 218 A short MEMORIAL OF English History Beginning before the Invasion of Britain by Julius Caesar and from thence continued to the year 1686. BRITAIN THE length of Britain from Length and breadth of Britain the Luzard-point Southward in Cornwal to the Straithy-head in Scotland containeth 624 miles The breadth from the Lands-end in Cornwal in the West unto the Island Tenet in the East containeth 340 miles A Place so well stored with all necessary Commodities for this Life that our English Lucan thus sings The fairest Land that from her thrusts the rest As if she cared not for the World beside A World within her self with Wonders blest England's Dimension in length from Length and breadth of England Barwick to the Lands-end is 386 miles In breadth from Sandwich to the Lands-end 279. In compass about 1300 miles The first Inhabitants of this Island were The first Inhabitants derived from the Gauls and anciently few and those of the better sort only did wear any sort of Cloathing Their Wives were 10 or 12 which they Their Wives held common amongst Parents and Brethren yet was the Issue reputed his only who first married the Mother when she was a Maid It is observable in the time of the Romans A valiant Queen of one Boadicea Queen to Pratiosagus after her Husband's Death receiving Incivilities from the Romans opposed her self against them and in one Battel slew 80000 of them and got several other great Victories but at length she was vanquished in Battel when rather than live subject to her Foes she poysoned her self The Romans were opposed 100 years nor were the Britains then subdued but by their own Divisions An. Mun. 3913. Julius Caesar first took Romans first ●●ed Britain Footing in Britain about Deal besore Christ 54. In the year of Redemption 67. Domitius Nero reigning the 6th Emperor Joseph of Arimathea was sent by Philip the Apostle to First Preacher of the Gospel in Britain plant the Gospel in Britain who laid the foundation of the Christian Faith at a Place then called Avalon now Glastenbury where he died and was buried A. D. 181. Aurelius Commodus being Emperor The first publick profession thereof was the Christian Faith in Britain first professed by publick Authority under King Lucius the