Judge or Judgement also that is to be judged Iugal jugalis that is yoaked or pertaining to yoaks Matrimony or Wedlock Iugament jugamentum a thing that fastens or couples like a yoak Iugulars venae jugulares See Veins Iujubes certain plumbs of Italy sold here by Apothecaries This fruit is in colour white or red in fashion round or like an Olive in taste sweet having a hard long stone like an Olive stone but much less If these plumbs be kept long they wax dry and full of wrinckles They are temperate in heat and cold good against the Cough roughness of the throat and all exulcerations and inflammations of the Kidneys and Bladder but being eaten for meat are of hard digestion Bull. Iulep Arab. a Physical drink made either of destilled waters or Syrups mixed together or of a decoction sweetned with hony or sugar or else mingled with Syrrops and ministred commonly as a preparative to open the passage of the inward parts and fit the humors for a purgation Some affirm this to be a Persian word and to signifie properly a sweet potion Iulio an Italian Coyn of value with us about six pence so called because it was first made in the Papacy of Pope Julius Iulius Gr. soft-haired or mossie-bearded so it signifies in Greek It was the name of Aenea's son who was first called Ilus Ilus erat dum res stetit Ilia regno The old English in the North parts turned Julius into Joly and the unlearned Scribes of that time seem to have turned Julianus into Jolanus for that name often occurs in old Evidences Cam. Iuly Julius this moneth was so called in honor of Julius Caesar the Dictator either because he was born in that moneth or because he triumphed in that moneth after his Naval Victory over Cleopatra Queen of Egypt and her husband Antony It being before called Quintilis or the fifth month from March which according to Romulus was the beginning of the year Iulian Account so called from Julius Caesar who forty four years before the birth of Christ observing the falseness of the Account then in use ordained the year to consist of 365 days and six hours which six hours in four years made 24 hours or a day civil and were added to the end of February by reason whereof every fourth year contained 366 days and was called Annus Bissextilis the Bissextile or Leap-year because the sixth of the Calends of March was twice written and the thing it self was called Intercalation This Account for many years seemed to have no sensible error yet in progress of time it was discovered to be not so exactly agreeable with the natural motion of the Sun For the Julian year exceeding the true Solar year 10 minutes 48 seconds caused the Equinoxes and Solstices yearly to change their places and slye back so many minutes and seconds Whereupon Pope Gregory the thirteenth by the advice and direction of Antonius Lilius and other excellent Mathematicians in the year of Christ 1582 corrected the Calender making the year to consist of 365 days five hours 49 min. 12 seconds And that the vernal Equinox which then was on the 11 of March might be reduced to the 21 of March as it was at the time of the first Nicene Council he commanded ten days in Octob. viz. from the fourth to the 14 to be left out so as the fourth day of the month was accounted for the 14 day Hence it comes to pass that the new sorraign Lilian or Gregorian account is 10 days before the old the English or Julian account Buchol Ind Chro. al. Iument jumentum a laboring beast a horse Br. Iumentarious jumentarius that belongs to such cattel Iuncture junctura a joyning or coupling together a yoaking a joynt Iungible jungibilis that may be joyned Iunonick Iunonian junonius of or pertaining to the Goddess Juno the wife of Jupiter Iunta or Iunto Span a meeting together of people it is most commonly taken for a joyning or meeting of men to sit in Councel Ivory ebur Elephants teeth it is of a binding nature and the scraping thereof is good against sores growing under the roots of the nayls Iupiter Lat. a faigned God of great esteem among the Paynims c. Also a Planet See Planet and Saturn Iuration juratio an Oath Iurats Fr. Jurats de Bourdeaux are as the Eschevins or Sheriffs in other Cities we have Officers of that name at Maidston Feversham in Kent Iurden or Iordan matella a double Urinal or Chamberpot In some places it is taken for that Chamberpot which did serve both the husband and his wife In Walsingham hist p. 308. we read of Duae ollae quas Jordanes vulgo vocamus Iuridick Iuridical juridicus of or belonging to the Law also actionable or which may be put in suit also just judicial orderly Iury jurati signifies in our Common Law a company of men as twenty four or twelve sworn to deliver a truth upon such evidence as shall be delivered them touching the matter in question Of which see more in Fitzh nat br fol. 165. D. Iurisdiction jurisdictio power or authority to minister and execute Laws Iurist from jus juris a Lawyer Iurisprudence jurisprudentia the skill or knowledge of Laws also the stile or form of the Law Iussâ—i minutal meat made with divers things chopped together Rider Iuâ—ulent jussulentus that which is sod or stewed in pottage or broth Iuâ—s from the Fr. Joustes Tilting or contentions between Martial men with Spears on horseback An. 24. H. 8. ca. 13. For particulars see Stows Survey fol. 421. Iusticier Fr. a Justicer or Justice of Peace an administer of Justice Iustifical justificus that executes or doth Justice Iustiâ—iable Fr. under jurisdiction subject to suit or Laws that is to do his suit to the Court of another Iustiâ— Lat. quasi iuris statio a stay or ceasing from ministration of Justice in matters judicial Dr. Br. useth it in his Vul. Err. This may not unfitly be called a Lawsteed as Solstitium the Sunsteed Iustitians a religious Order instituted by Lewis Bardus a Venetian in the Abbey of St. Justine whence they took name at Padua about the year 1412 in the time of Pope John the three and twentieth There were also Nuns of the like Order Iustiniaâ—iâ—ts Students of the Civil Law Civilians so called from Justinianus a Roman Emperor that gathered the sum of the Civil Law See Code Iuvenile juvenilis of or pertaining to youth youthful young Iuvenility juvenilitas youth also courage or lustiness Iuventes the Goddess of youth also young age Ixion begat the Centaures on a Cloud as the fable goes and was afterward cast into Hell by Jupiter for boasting that he had lain with Juno where he was bound to a wheel and the wheel turned without ceasing Hence the Fable of Ixions wheel K KAbbala See Cabala Kalends See Calends Kamp-fight or Camp-fight See Ordeal Karavan or Karaban Spa. See Caravan Kardiognostick See Cardiognostick Kareâ—a among Chymists is
fashion that none can sell them or gain by them but himself Monopolist monopola he that doth so ingross Commodities or he that hath the grant of a Monopoly Monops Gr. a kind of beast in Peonia by some called a Bonasus as big as a Bull being narrowly pursued it voideth a kind of sharp Ordure deadly to such as it lights upon Monoptick monopticus that sees onely with one eye Monoptote monoptotum a word having but one Case Monostick monostichon which consists of one onely verse Monasyllable monosyllabus that hath but one syllable Monothelites monothelitae certain Hereticks that lived in the year of Christ 640 and were within five years after condemned by a Council They held there was but one will in Christ c. Monstrable monstrabilis that may be shewn or declared Monstrosity monstrositas which is done against the course of nature monstrousness Montanists a sort of Hereticks so called from Montanus their first Author they held the Holy Ghost was not given to the Apostles but onely to them c. Montanous montanus belonging to the Mountains Monteflasce a kind of delicious wine so called from Montefiascone a City in Italy where it is made Montera Span. a hunters or Sea-man Cap which was not long since much in request with us Monticulous monticulosus full of hills or mountains Montivagant montivagus that wandreth on the mountains To Moor or More a ship from moror to stay is to lay out her Anchors as is most fit for the ship to ride by in that place where she is and of this there are several ways among Seamen but a ship cannot properly be said to be Moored with less then two Anchors a ground Moot a term used in the Inns of Court and signifies the handling or arguing a Case for exercise As in the Universities there are Disputations Problems Sophisms and such like Acts It seems to be derived from the French word Mot i. verbum Quasi verba facere aut Sermonem de aliqua re habere Mootmen are those Students that argue Readers cases in houses of Chancery both in Terms and grand Vacations Of Mootmen after some years study are chosen Outward Baristers of which degree after they have been Twelve years they are commonly chosen Benchers or Antients of which one of the younger sort reads yearly in Summer Vacation and is called a single Reader and one of the Ancients that have formerly read reads in Lent Vacation and is called a double Reader and it is usual between his first and second Reading nine or ten years some of these Readers are afterwards called ad statum gradum Servientis ad legem and of Sergeants are constituted the honorable Judges and Sages of the Law For the entrance of the young Student who commonly comes from one of the the Universities were first instituted and erected eight Houses of Chancery to learn there the Elements of the Law viz. Cliffords-Inn Lions-Inn Clements-Inn Bernards-Inn Staple-Inn Furnivals-Inn Davies-Inn and New Inn And each of these Houses consist of forty persons or more For the Readers Utter-Baristers Mootmen and inferior Students there are four famous and renowned Colledges or Inns of Court called 1. The Inner Temple to which the first three Houses of Chancery appertain Grayes-Inn to which the next two belong Lincolns-Inn which enjoys the last two saving one and the Middle Temple which hath onely the last Each of these Houses of Court consist of Benchers above twenty of Vtter Baristers above thrice so many of Young Gentlemen about the number of 160 or 180 who there spend their time in study of Law and commendable Exercises The Judges of the Law and Sergeants being commonly above the number of twenty are equally distributed into two higher and more eminent Houses called Sergeants Inns. All these are not far distant one from another and all together make the most famous University for profession of Law onely or of any one human Science in the world and advanceth it self above all others Quantum inter viburna cupressus Lo. Coke Mopsical mopsicus that cannot see well Hence perhaps comes our phrase mop-ey'd Moral moralis of or belonging to manners or civility The four Moral or Cardinal Vertues are 1. Prudence 2. Justice 3. Temperance 4. Fortitude and are so called because they concern the manners or behaviour belonging properly to the actions of man onely as he is man Moralize moralizo to expound morally to give a moral sence unto As in the Fables of Aesop the parties named are Foxes Asses and such like Beasts with Birds and Fishes yet there is a latent moral sence therein appliable to the persons of men and women and which may serve for rules of good manners and this is called the moral or morality of the Fable Moration moratio a staying or tarrying Morbidezza Ital. tenderness softness Sir H. Wotton Morbifical morbificus that causeth disease or sickness Morbulent morbulentus full of diseases sickly Morbus Galicus otherwise called Morbus Indicus Neopolitanus Hispanicus in Lat. Lues Venerea the French Pox or the great Pox. In the City of Naples about the year 1494. This disease was first known in Christendom and is said to be brought thither out of America See American disease The French report that at the siege of Naples certain wicked Merchants barrel'd up the flesh of some men that had been lately slain in Barbary and sold it for Mummy and upon that foul and high nourishment was the original of this disease Lo Bac. nat hist Mordacity Mordancie mordacitas biting sharpness of speech detraction bitted tearms Mordicate mordico to hurt with biting Mordicative mordicativus biting or stinging Moresk work Fr. Moresque a rude or Antick painting or carving wherin the feet and tails of beasts c. are intermingled with or made to resemble a kind of wilde leaves c. Cotgr. Morglay mot-glaive a killing or mortal sword Glaive in old French signifying a sword Cleiv Poems Morigerous morigerus obedient dutiful doing as he did Morling alias Mortling seems to be that wooll which is taken from the skin of dead sheep whether dying of the rot or being killed En. 27. Hen. 6. ca. 2. This is written Morkein An. 3. Jac. cap. 8. See Morkein Morion from the Ital. Morione a Head-piece or Cap of steel Morisco Span. a Moor also a Dance so called wherein there were usually five men and a Boy dressed in a Girles habit whom they call the Maid Marrion or perhaps Morian from the Ital. Morione a Head-piece because her head was wont to be gaily trimmed up Common people cal it a Morris-Dance Morkein or Morkin from mors death among Huntsmen is a Deer that dies by some disease or mischance See Morling Morology morologia a foolish speaking Moromantie Gr. foolish divination Morosity morositas frowardness waywardness peevishness aversness to please Moraus morosus wayward froward pensive teasty hard to please Morphew from the Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. forma certain whitish spots in the bodies
GLOSSOGRAPHIA OR A DICTIONARY Interpreting all such Hard Words OF Whatsoever Language now used in our refined English Tongue With Etymologies Definitions and Historical Observations on the same Also the Terms of Divinity Law Physick Mathematicks and other Arts and Sciences explicated Very useful for all such as desire to understand what they read The Second EDITION more correct wherein above Five hundred choice Words are added By T.B. of the Inner-Temple Barrister Erasm Apoph Vt homines it a libros in dies seipsos meliores fieri oportet LONDON Printed by Tho. Newcomb for George Sawbridge at the Bible on Ludgate hill 1661. TO THE READER AFter I had bestowed the waste hours of some years in reading our best English Histories and Authors I found though I had gained a reasonable knowledge in the Latin and French Tongues as I thought and had a smattering both of Greek and other Languages yet I was often gravell'd in English Books that is I encountred such words as I either not at all or not throughly understood more then what the preceding sence did insinuate For Example In the Turkish History I met with Ianizaries Mufties Timariots Basha's Seraglio's Shashes Turbants c. In the French History the Salique Law Appennages Vidams Daulphin c. In the Spanish the Escurial Infanta Sanbenito c. In the Roman Histories I often found mention of Consuls Tribunes Dictators Pretors Cohorts Legions Theaters Obelisks The Capitol Vatican Pasquin c. And in many other Books mention of several Religious Orders as Carmelites Carthusians Cistersians Theatins Bonhomes c. So likewise both of antient and modern Sects as Arrians Eutychians Iacobites c. Anabaptists Arminians Erastians Thraskites Socinians Quakers c. In Books of Divinity I found Sanhedrim Vrim and Thummim Shibboleth Hypostatical Circuminsession Introversion Extroversion c. In every Mercurius Coranto Gazet or Diurnal I met with Camizado's Pallizado's Lantspezado's Brigades Squadrons Curasiers Bonmine Halts Iuncta's Paroles c. In the mouths of common people I heard of Piazza Balcone c. in London And in the Country of Hocktide Minnyng days Lurdanes Quintins c. Nay to that pass we are now arrived that in London many of the Tradesmen have new Dialects The Cook asks you what Dishes you will have in your Bill of Fare whether Olla's Bisques Hachies Omelets Bouillon's Grilliades Ioncades Fricasses with a Hautgoust Ragoust c. The Vintner will furnish you with Montefiascone Alicant Vernaccia Ribolla Tent c. Others with Sherbet Agro di Cedro Coffa Chocolate c. The Taylor is ready to mode you into a Rochet Mandillion Gippon Iustacor Capouch Hoqueton or a Cloke of Drap-de-Berry c. The Shoo-maker will make you Boots Whole-Chase Demi-Chase or Bottines c. The Barber will modifie your Beard into A la Manchim a la Gascoinade or a la Candale The Haberdasher is ready to furnish with a Vigone Codebec or Castor c. The Semstress with a Crabbat Toylet c. By this new world of Words I found we were slipt into that condition which Seneca complains of in his time When mens minds once begin to enure themselves to dislike whatever is usual is disdained They affect novelty in speech they recal ore-worn and uncouth words they forge new phrases and that which is newest is best liked there is presumptuous and far fetching of words And some there are that think it a grace if their speech hover and thereby hold the hearer in suspence c. I believ'd my self not singular in this ignorance and that few without the help of a Dictionary would be able to understand our ordinary English Books I found nothing considerable in this kinde extant though now many make it their study to be learned in our own Language and I remember Aristotles Verba valent in usu sicut nummi For these Reasons and to indulge my own fancy I began to compile this Work which has taken me up the vacancy of above Twenty years Besides the Words of the nature before specified you have here such and so many of the most useful Law Terms as I thought necessary for every Gentleman of Estate to understand not intending any thing elaborate for the studied Professors of that noble Science there being some excellent Pieces of that nature already extant yet I have glean'd divers Law-terms which escaped both Cowel and the Terms of Law The several parts of mans body as the Pia and Dura Mater the Messentery Muscles several sorts of Veins and Arteries c. with their proper Appellations As also the names and qualities of at least ordinary Diseases I thought fit for the knowledg of many who neither profess the study of Physick Anatomy nor Chyrurgery I held it no less necessary for every Gentleman to be so far seen in Heraldry as to know at least the most usual Terms as when a Lyon or other Beast is said to be Dormant Passant Couchant Saliant Rampant Seisant Regardant c. and what is meant by a Fesse Canton Bend c. that he may by consequence be able to blazon his own Coat Here are likewise explicated all Latin words that are used without alteration in English as Encomium Peccavi Verbatim Verago Bona side De bene esse c. And with these the terms of many Sciences unfolded as of Logick Astrology Geometry Musick Architecture Navigation c. with those of our most ingenious Arts and Exercises as Printing Painting Jewelling Riding Hunting Hawking c. Yet I will not say I have met with all that might require explication for that were an imployment for Archymedes Pulveris Erythraei subducere numerum But I have inserted such as are of most use and best worth knowledge that is Quae nunc sunt in honore vocabula To some words I have added Etymologies to others Historical Observations as they occur'd and this but ex obliquo I have avoided Poetical Stories as much as I could since they are not necessary to be understood by the generality and as for Schollars and Poets there is a copious Latin Dictionary of them and somewhat of late done in English by Mr. Ross Yet sometimes I am forced to touch a little upon that string as to tell the story of Pandora to make her Boc understood and that of Tantalus to render the word Tantalize intelligible I have likewise in a great measure shun'd the old Saxon Words as finding them growing every day more obsolete then other Besides there is an excellent Dictionary thereof shortly expected from the learned Mr. Sumner Yet even such of those as I found still in use are not here omitted In this Design I met with two Objections The First that my labor would finde no end since our English Tongue daily changes habit every fantastical Traveller and home-bred Sciolist being at liberty as to antiquate and decry the old so to coyn and innovate new Words Which Horace thus observed Ut Sylvae foliis pronos mutantur in annos Prima cadunt
sui Anchoral anchoralis pertaining to the Anchor or Cable Anchoresse a religious woman that lives solitarily in a Cell Vide Anachorite Ancil ancile was a short Buckler or Scutcheon which was formed without corners being rebated on each side in the fashion of a decressant or Moon in the last quarter This Ancile as they say fell from Heaven into the hands of King Numa in time of a plague at Rome and he being advertised by Egeria that it was for the health of the City and ought to be kept safe caused eleven more to be made so like as they could not be known from the pattern which hereby was preserved the keeping hereof was committed to the 12. Salii Livy Fern. Andrew Gr. Andreas manly or manful Androgynal androgynus pertaining to male and female Hermaphroditical Androgyne androgynus he that is male and female an Hermophrodite Anelate a Faulchion or wood-knife which I gather out of M. Par. p. 535. 542. Angelical angelicus of or like an Angel Anfractuosity See Amfractuosity Angelot Fr. a kind of little Cheeses in France so called Angle angulus a corner nook or secret place It is also a Geometrical term for a corner included by two lines of which there are three sorts to wit a right an acute and obtuse angle 1. A Right Angle is when the two lines meeting do frame a just square Angle of 90 degrees 2. An Acute is when the two lines inclose less then a square thereby becoming more sharp and therefore Acute 3. An Obtuse Angle is when the two lines include more then the square making it thereby the more blunt and dull and is therefore called Obtuse Enchirid. of fortificat Anglicism the form or manner of speech proper to the English Angor Lat. anguish or grief either of body or mind Anguineous anguineus of or belonging to a Snake Angular angularis which hath angles or corners crooked Angularity Fulness of Angles or corners the being of a thing cornerwise Angust angustus strait narrow slender Anhelation anhelatio shortness of breath difficulty of breathing the Phthisique Anheled anhelus which breatheth with pain or difficulty puffed up broken winded Anility Anity anilitas old age of women dotage Animable animabilis that which may have life or soul Animadversion animadversio an observing considering or giving attention unto also a punishment or correction Animal Lat. ab anima a living creature that hath sense man or beast sometimes we call a Block-head or dull-head an Animal Animal spirit See in Vital Animalillio Span. a little Animal Animality animalitas the essence or being of a living creature Animate animo to hearten or encouarge to give life or inspire with life Animosity animositas liveliness courage stoutness also heart-burning or stomaching Annals annales brief histories or Chronicles of memorable things done from year to year properly spoken of acts done in former ages not in present Tacitus applies to Annals matters of State to Diaries acts and accidents of a meaner nature Annalist he that makes or writes such Annals or yearly Chronicles Annatian Law was a Law among the Romans first proposed by L. Julius a Tribune of the Commons touching the year of the age requisite to sue for any publique Office or to exercise the same Livy Annats First fruits paid of spiritual things so called because the rate so paid is also after one years profit These Annats says Pol. Virg. began first at the Popes own Benefices whereof he was Patron But Clement the fifth generally decreed it in the year 1305. Boniface the ninth and John the 22 th renewed that Decree Anne Hebr. Hannah gracious or merciful Anneale To paint upon glass to annoint or do any thing with oil Annicerians a Sect of Philosophers which took name from Anniceris Disciple to Paraebates Anniferous annifer that bears fruit all the year Annihilate annihilo is the opposite to creation as to create is to make something of nothing or to produce an effect without the help of precedent materials so to annihilate is utterly to destroy or to reduce something to its old nothing and as to create is an action proper onely to God himself so in like manner to annihilate is onely proper to Him whereas other kinds of productions and corruptions are the ordinary effects of sublunary and second Causes Anniversary anniversarius that comes every year at a certain time yearly or from year to year Those were of old called Anniversary days whereon the martyrdom or death-days of Saints were celebrated yearly in the Church or the days whereon at the years end men were wont yearly to pray for the souls of their deceased friends according to the continued custom of Roman Catholiques Annosity annositas old age agedness Annotation annotatio a noting or marking Annual annualis of or belonging to the year yearly or every year Annuity annuus reditus a yearly Rent to be paid for term of life or years or in Fee There are divers differences between a Rent and an Annuity whereof the first is that every Rent is going out of Land and an Annuity goes out of no Land but charges onely the person of the granter or his heirs that have Assets by descent The second difference is that for the recovery of an Annuity no Action lies but onely the Writ of Annuity against the Granter his heirs or successors but of a Rent the same Actions lie as do of Land as the case requires The third difference is that an Annuity is never taken for Assets because it is no Free-hold in Law nor shall it be put in execution upon a Statute-Merchant Statute-Staple or Elegit as a Rent may Doctor and Student Dial. 1. c. 3. and Dier fol. 345. num 2. speaks also to this effect Annul annihilo to frustrate make void or bring to nought Annulated annulatus that weareth Rings ringed Annulet annulus a Ring or any thing like a Ring Annunciate annuncio to declare unto to bring news or a message Anodynes anodyna medicines which by provoking sleep do asswage pains and grief Anoisance See Nusance Anomaly anomalia inequality irregularity unlikeness Anomalous anomalus inequal unlike irregular Anonymal anonymus without name without Author Anopsy Gr. want of sight dimness of sight darkness of colour Vul. Er. Anorexy anorexia queasiness of Stomack want of appetite Antagonist antagonista one that contends for mastery against another an adversary or enemy Antarchy Gr. an opposition to Government Antartick Circle antarcticus circulus a Circle in the Heavens southwards towards the Antipodes remote from our sight so called because it is opposite to the Arctick Circle and is 45 degrees distant from the Tropick of Capricorn Heyl. Antarctick Pole the South Pole of the world Ante-acts ante-acta deeds done in former times by-past actions Anteambulate anteambulo to go before as Ushers do Antecedaneous the same with Antecedent Apol. for Learning Antecede antecedo to go before to excell or surpass Antecedent antecedens that hath a Relative that goes before or excels
In an Argument or discourse consisting of two Propositions which by Logicians is called an Enthymem the first Prosition is called the Antecedent the other inferred out of the first is called the Consequent Antecession antecessio a going before or excelling Antecursor Lat. one that runs or rides before a forerunner Antediluvian from ante and diluvies before the deluge or the great flood So Antideluvians are people that lived before the flood Antefact antefactum a deed done before a former action Antegenital antegenitalis born before elder born Antegression antegressus a going before Anteloquy anteloquium a Preface or the first place or turn in speaking also a term which Stage-players use by them called their Cue Antemeridian antemeridianus before noon or mid-day Anteoccupation anteoccupatio a preventing or seising first Antepone antepono to put or set before to prefer Anterior Lat. that is before the former Antevene antevenio to come before to anticipate or prevent Anthemy See Antiphon Anthime anthimus Anthine anthinus that is full of or made of flowers or of the hony-comb Anthology Gr. a speaking or treating of flowers Anthologicks anthologica books that intreat of flowers or herbs Anthony from the Gr. Anthos a flower flourishing Anthromancy Gr. divination by the raising of dead men Cotgr. Anthropology Gr. a speaking or discoursing of men Anthropophagy Gr. a feeding on mans flesh hence Anthropophagize to play the Canibal to eat or feed on mans flesh Anthropopathy Gr. humane or mans passion Anthropomorphites anthropomorphitae a sect of simple Heretiques that began in Aegypt about the year of Christ 395 in time of Pope Siricius and of the Emperour Theodosius the elder their peculiar Doctrine was that God had a body or corporeal shape consisting of head neck arms c. like a man having their appellation from the Greek word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies Man they are also commonly called Vadiani or Audiani from their esteemed Father or Author Auduus a Syrian that lived about the year 380. in time of Pope Damasus Antichrist antichristus an enemy or adversary to Christ It is compounded of the Greek proposition Anti and Christus which signifies contrary or against Christ Antichambre Fr. any outward chamber which is next or near the bed-chamber Anticipate anticipo to take before to prevent to forestall Antichronism Gr. a false or contrary computate of time Antidate ab ante datus the dating a Letter or other writing before the time of making or writing it Antidicomarians i. Maries adversaries a sort of Hereticks enemies to the blessed Virgin Sir Tho. More Antidote antidotum a medicine or preservative against venome or poison Antike work ab antes i. a prop or butteress a work in painting or carving of divers shapes of Men Birds Flowers Fishes c. imperfectly and disorderly mixt and made one out of another for delight sake To Antigonize to play the Antigonus who was a bountiful King of Macedonia Antigraph antigraphum an example a copy a counterpane Antigrapher antigraphus a Controller Treasurer he that keeps the accounts or money received to the Princes use a maker or keeper of counterpanes of Deeds Antilogy Antiloquy antilogia contradiction gainsaying or thwarting Antimetrical contrary or against the rule or order of meeter or verse Recl Pap. Antimony antimonium is a vein of the earth like lead howbeit it hath this difference from a mettal a metal melts Antimony is brayed and will be burnt rather then molten it is cold and dry in the third degree and is used in Collyries for the eyes Antimonial belonging to Antimony Antinomy antinomia the repugnance or contrariety between two Laws or the contrarying of a Law It was the custom in Athens to delegate five persons to revise and examine every year the contrary-Titles of Law which they call Antinomies c. Antinomians ab 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 contrà 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 lex quasi adversarii legis adversaries to the Law are a sort of Reformists hatcht in Luthers days about the year 1525. by a disciple once of Luthers called John sir-named Islebius a Husbandman from the Town Islebium where he and Luther were both born in the County of Mansfield in Germany The Tenets of that Sect are That there are no Devils That the men of the Gospel are not bound to do the good works of Gods Law as being neither necessary nor profitable That whatsoever sins a man falls into be they Whoredoms Adulteries Thefts Rebellions or whatever other yet if he do but believe the promises of the Gospel he is sure to be saved with such other damnable points This Heresie is still lurking in many corners of Christendom one John Eaton is said to have been the first professor of it in England Antipast The first dish of a dinner or meal or somewhat eaten before meal as Oysters c. Antipathy antipathia a contrariety in nature or natural repugnance a contrariety in passions or inclinations a disagreement of dispositions Antipathetical anti and patheticus of a contrary passion or nature Antiperistasis a term used in Philosophy when heat being kept in by cold waxes the stronger in it self or cold kept in by heat grows more vehement an encounter of contraries or contrary circumstances Antipelargy antipelargesis the reciprocal love of children to their Parents or more generally any requital or mutual kindness Cotg. Antiphrasse antiphrasis a figure where a word hath a contrary meaning Antiphrastical that hath or gives a contrary meaning to words Antiphone antiphona as Anthemn a kind of Verse or Sentence which Church-men sing by course one singing one verse and another another Vox reciproca duobus choris alternatim psallentibüs A responsory song Antipileptical Gr. that is good against the falling-sickness or which is contrary to that disease Dr. Br. Antipodes Gr. people dwelling on the other side of the earth with their feet directly against ours so as a right line drawn from the one to the other passeth from North to South through the Center of the world These are distant 180 degrees which is half the compass of the earth They differ in all things as seasons of the year length of days rising and setting of the Sun with the like Plato is said to be the first Author of this word Antipodes Antipodal belonging to the Antipodes or to those people that have their feet directly against ours Br. Antiprestigiation antipraestigiatio a contrary jugling the diversity or opposition of Legerdemain Hist of Goths Antiquary antiquarius one that searches or is well skild in Antiquities as Coyns Histories old words c. Antiquate antiquo to bring into the antient manner or estate to abrogate or make void Antique antiquus old ancient out of use Antistrophe Gr. i. inversio a figure in Rhetorique when between two things that mutually hang one on the other there is an interchangeable conversion As Servus Domini Dominus servi Antisabbatarians a sort of Hereticks who would have no particular Sabbath at all but every day
the word of God are properly called Apostles Apostolicks or Apostolians Apostolici a sort of Heticks that hold 1. That many Christians in these days have more knowledge then the Apostles 2. That there is a salvation to be revealed unknown to the Apostles themselves 3. That God in a short time will raise up Apostles men extraordinarily indued with visible infallible gifts to preach the Gospel c. with other such erroneous Tenets Apostroph apostrophus a mark or comma signifying the cutting off some vowel as 't is for it is th' end for the end and the like most used in Poetry It is also a figure when we convert our speech from one matter or person to another Apostume apostema an Impostume an unnatural swelling of any corrupt matter in the body See Impostume Apothegme See Apophthegm Apotheke apotheca a place where any thing is laid to be kept as a shop ware-house or store-house Apotomy apotomia a cutting off a Mathematical term Apozeme apozema a decoction or medicine made of water with divers kindes of Spices and Herbs boiled together used instead of Syrrups broth Bac. Nat. Hist Apparell Fr. preparation provision ready making It is an antient word used in the Accounts of the Inner Temple and signifies that sum at the foot of an account which the house remains in debt or which remains charged on the house Apparitor Lat. a Serjeant Beadle or Sumner but most commonly used for an inferior Officer that summoned in Delinquents to a spiritual Court Appeal Fr. appel is often used in our Common Law as in the Civil which is a removing of a cause from an inferior Judge to a superior as Appeal to Rome Ann. 24. H. 8. c. 12. and 1 Eliz. c. 1. So St. Paul appealed from Festus to Caesar And it is also commonly used for the private accusation of a murtherer by a person who had interest in the murthered party or of any Felon by one of his complices in the Fact See more of this in Mr. Leighs Phil. Comm. Appellation appellatio a calling or pronouncing an Appeal Appellative appellativus naming mentioning or calling Grammatically it is taken for common opposite to proper as this word homo a man is by the Grammarians called a Noun or name appellative because common to all men and this word Petrus Peter is a Noun or name proper to one individual person Appendant appendens is any thing belonging to another As Accessorium principali with the Civilians or Adjunctum subjecto with the Logicians An Hospital may be appendant to a Manor Fitzher Nat. Br. fol. 142. Common of fishing appendant to a Freehold Westm 2. cap. 25. An. 13. Ed. 1. Appennage See Apennage Appenditious appendicus that depends on another pertaining to an Appendix Appendix Lat a hang-by an addition a Pent-house label or any thing that depends on another Appensor Lat. he that weighs or ponders Appetency appetentia appetite desire lust Appetible appetibilis to be or that may be desired Appetition appetitio an earnest desire endeavour or lust Hist of Philosophy Appian Way Appia via a notable street or High-way which leads from Rome to Capua in Campania which Appius Claudius in his Consulship paved with stones and walled and therefore took denomination from him but was extended to Brundusium in Calabria by Julius Caesar and Trajan Of all others it seems to be the principal by the testimony of Papinias the Poet Appia cunctarum fertur Regina viarum Applaud applaudo to shew joy or liking of a thing by clapping the hands or other sign of rejoycing to allow or praise Applause applausus a clapping the hands in token of joy or good liking of a thing Application applicatio a making any thing meet with another an applying of one thing to another Applumbature amplumbatura a joyning or soldering with lead Apposite appositus put or set to meet for the purpose convenient Apposition appositio an adding or putting to or together Appostile Fr. an answer to a Petition set down in the margent thereof and generally any smal addition to a great discourse in writing Cotgr. Apprentice Fr. Apprenti and that from apprendre to learn whence their Apprentisage and our Apprentiship is such a person who serves a certain time for the most part seven years by pact for the learning of any Art In former time Barristers were called Apprentices to the Law As appears by Mr. Seldens notes on Fortescu p. 3. So the learned Plowden stiled himself and Mr. Hen. Finch in his Nomotechnia writes himself Apprentice del Ley. Appretiate appretio to esteem at an high rate or price Appretiation appretiatio an high valuing or estimation Appretiatively appretiativè according to the price or value It is usually contradistinguished to intensively As we may be said to love a Dog more then a Childe intensively but not appretiatively Approperate appropero to hasten to make speed to Appropinquation appropinquatio an approaching or coming nigh unto Appropriation appropriatio a term in our Law when any Body corporate or private person hath the right and converts the profit of an Ecclesiastical Living to his or their own use onely maintaining a Vicar to serve the Cure To make an Appropriation Licence must be obtained of the King in Chancery and the consent of the Diocesan Patron and Incumbent are necessary if the Church be full But if the Church be void the Diocesan and the Patron upon the Kings licence may conclude it Plowden in Grendons Case fo 496. b. Seq To dissolve an Appropriation it is enough to present a Clerk to the Bishop for that once done the Benefice returns to the former nature Fitz. nat br fol. 35. F. Approver approbator signifies in our Common Law one that confessing Felony of himself appeals or accuses another one or more to be guilty of the same and he is called so because he must prove that which he hath alledged in his appeal Stanf. Pl. Cor. fo 142. And that proof is by Battail or by the Country at his election that appealed Appuyed from the Fr. Appuyè stayed propped supported or held up also rested or leaned on Aprication apricatio a warming or heating in the Sun Apricity apricitas the warmth of the Sun in winter Sun-shining fair warm weather Aprique apricus warmed with the Sun or that loves to be in the Sun-shine sunny Aptitude aptitudo fitness meetness conveniency Aptote aptotum a noun without a case indeclinable Apyrexie Gr the remitting of a Feaver or the shaking in the course of an Ague Riverius Aqua Coelestis is rectified wine being in some sort made like the heaven for subtilty and pureness Chym. Dict. Aquarius or the Waterman one of the twelve signs of the Zodiack so called from the plenty of rain water which we commonly have when the Sun enters that sign Min. Aquatical aquaticus belonging to living or breeding in the water Aquatile aquitalis that haunts or lives in the water Aquation aquatio a carrying fetching or providing water also abundance of rain
place where mad people are kept or the Bed or Chamber whereon they fling and tumble themselves the Hospital so called without Bishopsgate was founded by Simon Fitz-Mary Sheriff of London An. 1246. Stow. Bethlemites an order of religious persons that wore a star with five raies on their backs and had a Covent in Cambridge but continued not long Mat. Paris in An. 1247. Beverage Fr. Beuvrage drink Bezants Fr. Bezans in Blazon they must ever be round whole and of metal See Bizantine Bezil That part of a Ring or Jewel in which the Stone or Signet is set is called the Collet and the upper part of the Collet which fastens and encompasseth the Stone is the Bezil Bibacity bibacitas great or couragious drinking or quaffing Bibliographer bibliographus a writer of Books a Scrivener Bibliotheque bibliotheca a Library or study of Books Bibliopolist bibliopola a Book-seller Bice a fine blew colour used by Painters There is also green Bice Bicolor Lat. of two colours party-coloured changeable Bicipital Bicipitous from biceps itis that hath two heads divided into two parts or two tops Bicornous bicornis that has two horns or corners forked divided into two Bid-ale is when an honest man decayed in his estate is set up again by the liberal benevolence and contribution of friends at a Feast to which those friends are bid or invited Most used in the West of England and in some Counties called a Help-ale Bidental Lat. a place where they used to sacrifice sheep where any place was blasted with lightning whatsoever is striken with lightning Also any instrument with two teeth a fork Biennial biennis of two years continuance two years old Bifarious bifarius that which may be spoken two ways Biformed biformis that hath two shapes forms or faces Biferous bifer that bears fruit twice a year Bifront bifrons which hath two foreheads Bifurcous bifurcus which hath two forks Bigamist bigamus he that hath married two wives of which sort Lamech was the first Bigamy bigamia the marriage of two wives It is used in our Common Law for an impediment to be a Clerk and makes a prisoner lose the benefit of the Clergy For the Canonists hold that he that has been twice married may not be a Clerk and they ground it upon these words of St. Paul 1 Tim. 3.2 Oportet ergo Episcopum irreprehensibilem esse unius uxoris virum And also him that hath married a widow they by interpretation take to have been twice married and both these they not onely exclude from Holy Orders but deny all priviledges of Clergy but this Law is abolished by Anno 1. Ed. 6. cap. 12. And to that may be added the Statute of 18 Eliz. cap. 7. which allows to all men that can read as Clarks though not within Orders the benefit of Clergy in case of Felony not especially excepted by some other Statute Cowel Bigat bigatus was a piece of Roman silver Coyn so called of Bigia a Chariot drawn with two horses stamped upon the one side and it was the same with Denarius Livie Bigot Fr. an hypocrite or one that seems much more holy then he is also a scrupulous or superstitious fellow Sir K. Digby's Treatise of Bodies Bilaws are Orders made in Court-Leets or Court-Barons by common Assent for the good of those that make them farther then the publick Law binds Coke Vol. 6. fol. 63. a. Kitchin fol. 45. 79. Bilboblade from Bilboa a City of Biscay in Spain where the best blades are made Bilinguis ex bis lingua double tongued deceitful In our Common-Law it is used for that Jury that passeth between an English-man and an Alien or Stranger whereof part must be English-men and part strangers Anno 28 Edw. 3. cap. 13. Biltous biliosus cholerick melancholy churlish angry Bilk is said to be an Arabick word and signifies nothing Cribbidge-players understand it best Billet Fr. a little Bill note or ticket stuck up upon a post or door and more commonly a stick of fire-wood well known in London Bimatical from bimatus pertaining to the age or space of two yeers Bimensal from bimensis pertaining to the space of two moneths Binarchy binarchia the joynt rule or equal Authority of two Princes in one Country Binarious binarius pertaining to two Binomial or Binomious binomius that hath 2 names Bipartite bipartitus divided into two parts Binne or Bin in the old Saxon signifyed a Manger we use the name now most commonly for a place to put bread or oats in Bipatent bipatens open on both sides Bisâ—statio the chief market place in Constantinople which is every day kept open in full sale except Friday onely which is their Sabbath Bipedal Bipedancous Bipedical bipedalis that is two foot long double-footed or that hath two feet Birlings little Sea-vessels so called used by the Islanders of Scotland Spotsw Bisexous from bis and sexus that is both male and female of two sexes or kinds Bisouâ— Fr. a fault at Tennis also a compound dish of boyld meat made of young Chickens Pigeons and other ingredients c. Bissected bis sectus cut or parted in two equal parts a term in Mathematicks Br. Bissextile bissextilis Leap year so called because the sixth Calends of March are in that year twice reckoned viz. on the four and twentieth and five and twentieth of February so that Leap year has one day more then other years Thirty days hath September April June and November February hath eight and twenty alone And all the rest have thirty and one But when of Leap-year cometh the time Then days hath February twenty and nine Bissextum sextae Martis tenuere calendae Posteriore die celebrantur festa Mathiae This Leap-year is observed every fourth year and was first devised by Julius Caesar to accommodate the year with the course of the Sun Bitume bitumen a kind of clay or slime naturally clammy like pitch growing in some Countries of Asia It was of old used in Physick the best is heavy bright and clear of purple colour and having a strong smel the black is accounted naught this Bitumen was used instead of Mortar at building the Tower of Babel as appears in Gen. 11. There is al a kind of Bitumen like a liquor flowing out of Mare Mortuum and out of some fountains in the Island Sicily which is used instead of oyle to burn in Lamps Bituminous bitumineus belonging to Bitumen Bituminâ—â—ch soldered or done with Bitumen Bizante or Besant a very antient coyn of Gold so called because it was coyned at Constantinople formerly called Bizantium This coyn is not now known but Dunstan Archbishop of Canterbury as it is in the Authentical Deed purchased Hendon in Middlesex of King Edgar to Westminster for 200 Bizantines of what value they were was utterly forgotten in the time of King Edw. 3. for whereas the Bishop of Norwich was condemned to pay a Bizantine of Gold to the Abbot of St. Edmondsbury for encroaching upon his liberty as
Navigation Cardiacal cardiacus of or pertaining to the heart cordial comforting the heart Cardinal cardinalis a high dignity in the Church of Rome whereof there are about 70 in number and were first instituted by P. Paschal the first Minsh derives the word from Cardo inis the hook or hinge of a door for as the door hangs or depends on the hinges so the Church on the Cardinals The word taken Adjectively is pertaining to a hook or hinge also chief or principal the four Cardinal Vertues are 1 Prudence 2 Temperance 3 Justice 4 Fortitude So called because they are the principal foundations of a vertuous well-ordered life and as it were the hinges on which all other moral vertues depend the four principal winds East West North and South are also called Cardinal Winds Cardiognostick Gr. that knows the heart an attribute peculiar to God alone Mr. How Carefox or Carfax A Market-place in Oxford so called which may come of the French Quarrefour or carrefour signifying any place or part of a Town where four streets meet at a head as at Carfox in Oxford for there is the Quarre the square and quadrant Min. Or according to Mr. Sumner it may be a corruption from the French quatre voyes i. four ways Caâ—eâ—e Fr. a cheering cherishing welcoming making much of Caret Lat. it wanteth it is the name for this mark which is made in writing where any thing is wanting left out or enterlined or to shew where an interlineation comes in Cargazon or Cargaison from the Span. Carga i.e. a load the fraight or lading of a ship Carine carina the Keel or Bottom of a Ship Any kind of bringing a ship over to lie on one side to be trim'd she being on float is called Careening Carity caritas dearth scarcity dearness Cark is a quantity of wool whereof 30 make a Sarplar A. 27. H. 6. cap. 2. Carmasal or Carmusal a kind of Turkish ship or Galley Carmelite had beginning and name at and from Mount Carmelus in Syria where Elias the Prophet lived long solitary a strict order of Friers instituted by Almericus Bishop of Antioch An. 1122. They followed St. Basil and were reformed by the vertuous Spanish Virgin St. Teresa who made them certain constitutions confirmed by Pope Pius the fourth Ann. 1565. Heyl. Carminate carmino to card wooll or hatchel flax to sever the good from the bad Carnage Fr. flesh time or the season wherein 't is lawful to eat flesh It is also a term of Venery signifying that flesh which is given to the dogs after hunting Carnalist One that is devoted to carnalities a carnal man Carnaval Fr. Shrovetide also a licentious or dissolute season Carnel work The building of ships first with their Timbers and Beams and after bringing on their Planks is called Carnel-work to distinguish it from Clinch-work Carnify carnifico to quarter or cut in peeces as the Hang-man doth to torment Carnous carnosus full of flesh fleshy gross thick Carnivorous carnivorus that devoureth flesh Carnificine carnificina the place of execution or the office of a Hangman Carnogan Brit. a little kind of a wooden dish with hoops a Piggin Carol A Christmas song or Hymn in honor of our Saviours birth it comes from Cantare i. to sing and Rola an interjection expressing joy for heretofore in the burden of delightful songs and when men were jocound they were wont to sing Rola Rola as sometimes they now do Hey down derry derry It was an antient custom among the Christians in their Feasts to bring every one into the midst and incite him to sing unto God as well as he could either out of holy Scriptures or out of his own wit and invention Tertul. lib. adv Gentes cap. 39. Carous Gar in the old Teutonick signified all and aus out so that to drink Garaus is to drink all out hence by corruption to drink Carous and now we say to Carous it i. to drink all out Carpatian-Sea so called from an adjacent Island called Carpathos now Scarpanto a Sea lying between Rhodes and Crete Carpâ—cratians a sort of Hereticks so called Carrat Fr. carat among Goldsmiths and Mintmen is the third part of an ounce among Jewellers or Stone-cutters but the 192 part for eight of them make but one sterlin and a sterlin is the four and twentieth part of an ounce Three grains of Assize or four grains of Diamond weight make a carrat A fool of twenty five carrats is an egregious fool a fool beyond all proportion the finest gold being but of four and twenty carrats which is the essay by which the fineness of the gold is known Cotgr. Carrick Carrack a ship of a great burthen so called of the Italian word carico or carco a burthen or charge you have this word An. 2. R. 3. ca. 4. and 1. Jac. ca. 33. Carriere Fr the ring or circle where they run with great horses also their course or full speed Cartage See Cartouch Cartel Fr. a Letter of defiance or a challenge for a single Combate Lo. Herbert uses it often in his Hen. 8. Carthusians a religious order of Monks instituted by St. Bruno a native of Collein who being a Parisian Doctor of Divinity and a Canon of Rheims abandoned the world and with six associats began his austere Heremitical course of life on the Carthusian Mountains in the Diocess of Gratianopolis with the licence of Hugh then Bishop thereof and from thence his Order took the name of Carthusians he flourished in the time of Pope Vrban the second and died 1101. Those of his rule have at this day near 100 Monasteries they eat no flesh never meet but on Sundays labour with their hands watch pray c. their robe is white with a short cape Cartilage cartilago a gristle Physitians define it to be a similary part dry and hard yet not so as a bone flexible which a bone is not framed to stay the soft parts and to repel the injuries of external hard bodies Reads Anat. Cartilagineous cartilagineus of a gristle or full of gristles Carrucate of Land carrucata terrae is a word much used in the antient Charters and Land-evidences of this nation and signifies as much land as may be tilled in a year by one Plough it is also called in the antient Laws Hilda vel Hida terrae and in others Carue de terre now a Plough-land Carrucata is a corruption from the French Carruë a Plough Cartouche Fr. a charge of powder and shot ready made up in a paper we corruptly call it a cartage Also a roll in Architecture Carvel a kind of ship Caspian Sea mare Caspium a Sea near Hyrcania that hath no passage into any other Sea but is a huge Lake and neither ebbs nor flows Therefore Sir Philip Sidney to note that he persisted always one depainted out this Sea surrounded with his Shoars and over it this Motto Sine refluxu for his Devise Case-Mate Fr. a loop-hole in a fortified wall to shoot out at or
violate defloure or pollute Contemplatioâ— contemplatio beholding in mind deep musing study or meditation Contemplation in the accepted general notion of the word signifies a clear ready mental seeing and quiet regarding an object being the result and effect of a precedent diligent enquiry and search after the nature qualities and other circumstantial conditions of it Mr. Cressy Contemplative contemplativus that exercises or consists in contemplation or study Contemporiarism from con tempus the being at one and the same time coexistency Contemporaneous Contemporary Contemporal contemporarius that is of one and the same time or age Conterminate contermino to lye near or border on a place Conterraneous conterraneus that is of the same Country or Land Contesseâ—ation contesseratio a league between strangers Dr. Taylor Contest contestes a fellow witness or a witness examined in the same cause with another It is used among the Civilians at Doctors Commons Contestate contestor to bear or prove by witness to witness together Contexture contextura a weaving togetheâ— a composition the form and stile of a discourse a making fiâ— Contignation contignatio the raftering or rearing a house in Sollars Stories or Floors the boarding or planking a house Greg. Contiguity from contiguus a touching one another nearness the close being of two together Contiguous contiguus that toucheth or is next to very near Continency continentia a refaaining of ill desires or more strictly a refraining from all things delightful that hinder perfection Continent continens subst a great quantity of Land continued without division of Sea as the Low Countries to Germany that to Austria Austria to Hungary c. It is otherwise called Terra firma Contingent contingens which chanceth or hapneth Continuity continuitas a continuation wholeness intireness or intire conjunction Contorsion contorsio a wrestling or wreathing Continual Claim is a Claim made from time to time within every year and day to land or other thing which in some respect we cannot attain without danger For example if I be disseized of Land into which though I have right I dare not enter for fear of beating it behoves me to hold on my right of entry to the best opportunity of me and my Heirs by approaching as near it as I can once every year as long as I live and so I save the right of Entry to my Heirs Terms of Law Contorsion contorsio a writhing wresting or pulling away Contrabanded Goods prohibited goods that are forbidden to be imported by Proclamation from the Ital. Bando i. a Proclamation In the Act of Parl. 1649. c. 21. t is written Contrabanda goods Contramure Promurale an out-wall compassing the walls of the City and placed before them for the more safeguard Min. Contrasto Span. contrasta strife contention or opposition Contratation Spa. a Contract a Bargain A Contratation house is a house where Contracts or Bargains are made Contrectation contrectatio often touching handling or treating of Contravention from contravenio a coming against a speaking against one an accusing Contristate contristo to make sorry heavy or sad Contrite contritus worn or bruised but is most commonly used for penitent or sorrowful for misdeeds remorseful Contrition contritio bruisedness or wearing with use In Divinity it is a perfect sorrow and horror that a man hath for having committed sin and this for that he loves God with a soveraign and singular love Or Contrition saith an Author is when the foulness of sin is set off onely by conceiving the goodness of God without reflexion upon reward or pain Contrition says another Author is the bruising a sinners heart as it were to dust and powder through unfeigned and deep sorrow conceived at Gods displeasure for sin Contrucidate contrucido to wound to murder or kill Contumacy contumacia disobedience self-will stubbornness Contumelious contumeliosus reproachful in words spiteful disdainful Contumulate contumulo to bury or intomb together Conturd contundo to knock or beat in peeces to strike down And metaphorically to conquer or subdue Contusion contusio a beating pounding or bruising Convalesce convalesco to wax strong to recover health Convalescen convalescens that waxeth strong or recovers health Convalidate convalido to strengthen to confirm to recover health Convene convenio to come or assemble together to summon one to appear before a Judge Convent See Covent Conventional conventionalis that is done with agreement and consent of divers Conventicle conventiculum a little or private Assembly or Convention commonly for ill first attributed in disgrace to the Schools of Wicklif in this Nation above 200 years since Conventual from conventus belonging to a Covent or multitude resorting together as of religious persons Also a sort of Friers so called Convâ—ntual Church See Parish Convert See Pervert Convexity convexitas crookedness hollowness bending down on every side Convexity is the outside of an hollow body as Concavity the inside In a painted Globe of the world the descriptions are upon the convexity thereof and that face is convex the rest is belly or concave El. Armory Conviction convictio from convinco a proving guilty and is in our Common Law either when a man is outlawed and appears and confesses or else is found guilty by the Inquest Min. Convoke convoco to call or assemble together Conviviâ—l convivialis pertaining to Feasts or Banquets Convocation convocatio a calling or assembling together most commonly of Ecclesiastical persons for Church affairs A Synod and a Convocation seem to be all one before the Statute of Premunire 16. Ric. 2. ca. 5. it was constantly called a Synod afterwards it took up the name Convocation from the wordâ— convocari faciatis in the Kings Writ And since our Scotizing it is called an Assembly Convocation-House is that wherein the whole Clergy is assembled for consultation upon matters Ecclesiastical in time of Parliament and as the house of Parliament so this consisted of two distinct houses One called the higher Convocation-house where the Arch-Bishops Bishops c. sate severally by themselves the other the Lower Convocation house where all the rest of the Clergy were bestowed Cow See Prolocutor Convoy Fr. is most commonly taken for a company of Souldiers or Ships for the wafting or safe conducting of passengers Convulsion convulsio a drawing together a plucking or shrinking up of the sinews as in the Cramp or when the Mouth Nose Eye Lip or other part is turned awry out of its due place Coolisse Broth. See Cullis Co-operate coopero to labor or work together Co-optate coopto to elect or chuse Coparceners participos otherwise called Parceners in our Common Law are such as have equal portion in the Inheritance of their Ancestor Parceners are either by Law or Custom Parceners by Law are the issue female which in case of no Heir male come in equality to the Lands of their Ancestors Bract. l. 2. c 30. Parceners by custom are those that by custom of the Country challenge equal part in such Lands As in Kent by Gavel-kind See Littleton l.
3. ca. 1 2. and Britton c. 27. Intituled de Heritage divisable The â—own of England is not subject to Coparcenary An. 25. H. 8. ca. 22. If Coparceners refuse to divide their common inheritance and chuse rather to hold it joyntly they are said to hâ—ld in Parcenary or Coparcenary Lit. fol. 56. Copal a kinde of white and bright Rosin brought from the West-Indies whereof the people there were wont to make perfumes in their Sacrifices It is hot in the second degree and moist in the first and is used here to be burnt against cold diseases of the brain Bull. Copesmate from the Sax. Ceap i. merchandise and mate i. companion a partner or copartner in merchandise Copie copia plenty abundance riches eloquence provision of things Copiosity copiositas plenty store abundance copiousness Copulation copulatio a coupling or joyning it was one of the three ways of betrothing marriage in Israel See Moses and Aaron p. 231. Copulative copulativus which coupleth or joyneth or which may couple or joyn Coquetteriâ— Fr. the prattle or twattle of a pert Gossip or Minx Coquinate coquinor to play the Cook to boyl or dress meat Coraage coragium is a kind of imposition upon some unusual occasion of certain measures of Corn. For Corus tritici is a certain measure of Corn. Bracton l. 2. ca. 26. Coral or Corral Corallium There are two principal sorts hereof the one white the other red but the red is best It grows like a tree in the bottom of the Sea green when under the water and bearing a white berry and when out turns red It is cold and dry in operation good to be hanged about childrens necks as well to rub their Gums as to preserve them from the Falling-sickness Sands 235. There is also a black and yellow kind of Coral See more in Dr. Browns Vul. Err. fol. 91. A Corbel Corbet or Corbil In Masonry is a jutting or shouldering peece cut out in stone as we may see in walls to bear up a post Summer or other weight which in Timber-work is called a Bracket or Braggat This and such like terms of art for the most part are taken from the similitude of Beasts Birds or some living thing which they resemble whence this is called Corbel from the French Corbeau a Crow or Raven because they were wont to make such Jutties out of a wall in form of a Crow Min. See Bragget Corban or Korban Heb. a Chest or Coffer in the Temple of Hierusalem where the Treasure that served for the Priests or Temples use was kept Also the treasure it self or an Almes-box Also a gift or offering on the Altar Mark 7.11 Cordage Fr. Ropes or stuff to make Ropes of all kind of Ropes belonging to the rigging a ship Cordelier or Cordilier Fr. a grey Frier of the Order of St. Francis so called because he wears a rope or cord about his middle for a Girdle full of twisted knots Cordiner or Cordwainer from the French Cordvannier or from the Lat. corium a Skin or Hide a Shoo-maker a Tanner or Leather-dresser a Currier Cordovan Leather so called from Cordova or Corduba a City in Spain In the Islands of Corfica and Sardinia there is a beast called Musoli not found elsewhere in Europe horned like a Ram and skinned like a Stag his skin carried to Corduba and there dressed makes our true Cordovan Leather Corespond See Correspond Corinthian work a sort of Pillars in Architecture See Tuscan Cornage from the Lat. cornu a horn in our Common Law it signifies a kind of Grand Sergeanty the service of which tenure is to blow a horn when any invasion of the Northern Enemy is perceived and by this many hold their Land Northward about the wall commonly called the Picts wall Cam. Brit. fol. 609. Cornelian Law L. Cornelius Sylla being Dictator made a Law among others that all such as would follow him in the Civil War should be capable of any Office or Magistracy before they came to their full years c. Those kind of Roman Laws always took denomination from him that prefer'd them Corneous corneus of or like a horn hard or white as horn Cornicle corniculum a little horn Cornigerous corniger horned having or wearing horns One of the Wine-god Bacchus his Epithets because with drinking much wine men grow fierce and furious as horned beasts whence that Satyrical Sumit cornua pauper Cornice a term of Architecture See Frize Cornucopia Lat. plenty or abundance of all things Cornuted cornutus that hath horns also Cuckolded Corody Corrody from corrodo to eat together signifies in our Common Law a sum of money or allowance of meat and drink due to the King from an Abbey or other House of Religion whereof he is Founder towards the reasonable sustenance of such a one of his Servants being put to his Pension as he thinks good to bestow it on And the difference between a Corrody and a Pension seems to be that a Corrody is allowed towards the maintenance of any of the Kings servants that live in the Abby a Pension is given to one of the Kings Chaplains for his better maintenance in the Kings service till he may be provided a Benefice Cow Of both these read Fitz. nat br fol. 230 231 233. Corollary corollarium the addition or vantage above measure an over-plus or surplusage also a small gift or largess bestowed on the people at publick Feasts Coronary coronarius belonging to a Crown Coroner Cororator is an antient Officer of this Land so called because he deals wholly for the King and Crown There are four of them commonly in every County and they are chosen by the Free-holders of the same upon Writ and not made by Letters Pattents Crompt Jurisd fol. 126. See Lieghs Phil. Com. Corporal corporalis that hath or petains to the body Also an inferior Officer in a Foot-Company But in the Roman Church it signifies a little linnen cloth which is spread upon the Altar and whereon the Chalice and Host are placed And the word is also used in the like sence in the Service Book which was sent into Scotland in the year 1637. Corporation corporatio is a permanent thing that may have succession it is an Assembly and joyning together of many into one fellowship brotherhood and minde whereof one is Head and cheif the rest are the body Corporeal corporeus that hath a body or pertaining to the body Corporature corporatura the quantity fashion or constitution of the body Corpuscule corpusculum a little body Mr. Evelyn Corrade corrado to scrape together to take away or spoil Corrasive corrasivus from corrado which scrapes together shaves or spoils This word is many times mistaken for corrosive from corrodo Correlatives correlativa Relatio according to the Philosophers is Cujus totum esse est ad aliud esse whose whole being is to be to another whence Correlatives are such things as are mutually one to another and cannot be nor be explicated but in order to
Brit. fol. 111. In our old Saxon an Esquire was called Scyldknapa or according to our modern Orthography Shieldknave i. he that in war did bear the Shield of Arms of his Chief or Superior Verst Esqulinus one of the seven Hills in Rome As 1. Aesquilinus 2. Quirinalis 3. Viminalis 4. Coelius 5. Tarpeius 6. Palatinus 7. Aventinus which may be better be remembred by this contracted verse Aesqui Quiri-Vimin Coel. Tar. Palatinus Aventin Esquiry Fr. Eicuyrie the Stable of a Prince a Querry ship also the dignity or estate of an Esquire Spotswood Essay Fr. a proof a trial a flourish or preamble Among Comoedians the trial or proof of their action which they make before they come forth publickly upon the Stage is their Essay Essence essentia the being or natural substance of any thing Essenes or Esseans aesseni vel aessei so called from the Syriack 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Asa signifying to heal or cure diseases were certain Sectaries or Philosophers among the Hebrews of two sorts the one Practicks the other Theoricks both agreed in their Aphorisms but in certain circumstances they differed They referred every thing to Destiny deemed the Soul to be mortal would have men fight till death in defence of Justice sacrificed not with the rest of the people nor scarce conversed with them were much given to tillage and husbandry highly prizing purity of life and sanctity of conversation they lived in common never married kept no servants saying Servants were wicked and a Wife cause of discord Their life was Monastick and themselves given much to contemplation of the nature of Herbs Plants Stones and Beasts In diet meat and drink moderated by sufficiency much addicted to Moral Philosophy not caring for wealth or hoarding up treasure Josephus and Moses and Aaron p. 50. Essedary essedarius a kind of Warrior that was wont to ride in a Waggon or Chariot but fought on foot formerly in use with the antient Gauls also a Waggoner or Chariot-man Essed essedum a Wain Chariot or Waggon In antient time it was a Chariot for fight of a peculiar form Essential essentialis belonging to the essence or being of any thing Essentifical that makes or causeth the essence or being Essoine comes of the Fr. essoyné or exoiné i. causarius miles he that hath his presence forborn or excused upon any just cause as sickness or other incumbrance It signifies in our Common Law an alleadgement of an Excuse for him that is summoned or sought for to appear or answer to an Action real or to perform suit to a Court Baron upon just cause of absence c. See more in Cowel Estandard See Standard Estiferous aestifer that brings or endures heat Estival aestivalis pertaining to Summer or to the longest day in the year Estivate aestivo to summer in a place to dwell or retire to a place for the Summer season Estovers from the French estovér i. to foster signifies in our Common Law nourishment or maintenance For example Bracton l. 3. tract 2. cap. 18. num 2. useth it for that sustenance which a man taken for Felony is to have out of his lands or goods for himself and his family during his imprisonment and the Stat. An. 6. E. 1. cap. 3. useth it for an allowance in meat or cloth It is also used for certain allowances of wood to be taken out of another mans wood Mr. West part 2. Symbol tit Fines sect 26. saith that the name of Estovers contains house-boot hey-boot and plow-boot as if he gave in his grant these general words de ratiâ—nabili estoveria in boscis c. he may thereby claim these three Cow Estreat from the Lat. Extractum or from the Fr. Extraict is used in our Common Law for the Copy or true note of an original writing For example of amerciaments or penalties set down in the Rolls of a Court to be levied by the Bailiff or other Officer of every man for his offence See Fitz. nat br fol. 75. H. 1. K. and 76. a. And so it is used Westm 2. c. 8. 13. Ed. 1. Estrepement or Estripament of the Fr. Estropier i. to maim or lame signifies in our Common Law spoil or waste made by a Tenant for life upon any Lands or Woods to the prejudice or him in the reversion as namely in the Stat. An. 6. Ed. 1. cap. 13. And sometimes it is taken for a Writ in the nature of a prohition to forbid the committing Waste Nat. br 60 61. Estuate aestuo to burn or parch with heat to rage as the Sea doth Esurini esurialis pertaining to those days whereon men forbear meat fasting hungry Esurion esurio an hungry fellow Eternize aeterno to make immortal or eternal Etesiaâ— etesius belonging to the East winds easterly Etherial aethereus pertaining to the sky or firmament celestial Ethick ethicus moral belonging to manners Ethicks Books treating of moral Philosophy and manners Also moral Philosophers themselves are called Ethicks As Logick intreats of the Understanding and Reason so Ethick of the Will Appetite and affections Bac. Ethiopians or Moors the people of Aethiopia the particulars of their opinions wherewith they have infected the true purity I find thus registred 1. They use to Circumcise both males and females 2. They baptize males forty females eighty days after their circumcision 3. After the receipt of the Sacrament they are not to spit till Sun-set 4. They profess but one Nature and one Will in Christ 5. They accept only the three first general Councils 6. Their Priests live only by the labour of their hands for they allow them nothing and permit them not to beg 7. They rebaptise themselves every Epiphany day in Lakes and Ponds because that day they suppose Christ to have been bapâ—ised by John in Jordan Heyl. Ethnarchy ethnarchia principality or rule Ethnick ethnicus heathenish ungodly irreligious And may be used substantively for a Heathen or Gentile Ethology ethologia the feat of counterfeiting mens manners An interlude of a moral subject or wherein mens manners are acted and expressed Etiology aetiologia a rendring of a cause a shewing of reason Eâ—na Aetna a hill in the Island of Sicily which continually sends forth flames of fire occasioned by the abundance of sulphur and brimston therein contained which is blown by the wind driving in at the chaps of the earth as by a pair of bellows c. of this hill there are many Poetical fictions which I omit it â—s now called Montgibal Etymology etymologia ab 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 verus and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 sermo the true original or derivation of a word as lepus quasi levipes Etymologia est resolutio vocis in verum proprium effectum verbi veritatem notificat ob id eam Cicero veriloquium appellat Clau. Cantiuncula de loc legal Etymological etymologicus pertaining to Etymology Etymologize etymologizo to shew the true derivation of a word to intrepret or expound words truly Evacuate evacuo
antiquity Grandeza Span. in Ital. Grandezza bigness greatness largeness magnificence great state Grandiloquence grandiloquentia stately eloquence high stile Grandiloquent grandiloquus that useth great words that hath a high stile Grandimoniensers an order of religious persons begun by Steven of Avern in Aquitane or Guyen about the year of our Lord 1076. under Pope Alexander the Second and had their title of the mountain where their Abbey stood Pol. Vir. Grandinous grandinosus full of hail subject to hail Grandity granditas excessive greatness Grand Sergeantie is in our Common Law where one holds Lands of the King by service which he ought to do in his own person as to bear the Kings Banner or his Spear c. See Littl. tit Serg. Grange à grana gerendo is a great Farm not onely where corn is laid up but where are Stables for Horses Stals for Oxen and other Cattel Styes for Hogs and other things necessary for Husbandry Linw. These did of old belong to Religious Houses and the Overseer thereof was called Prior of the Grange Granite Ital. a kind of speckled stone or marble very common at Milan and other parts of Italy Graniferous granifer that beareth grains or kernels Granivorous from Granum and vorans that eats or devours grain or corn Graphical graphicus cunningly wrought perfect excellent Granule dim of granum a little grain or Barly corn Grassation grassatio a robbing killing assailing Grateolent grateolens well savouring smelling pleasantly Gratification gratificatio a gratifying or the doing a pleasure in lieu of a pleasure done Gratis Lat. freely without reward or desert Gratulate gratulor to rejoyce and be glad in ones behalf to thank Grav◠Belg. a Lord or Ruler an Earl Sax. Gerefa Graveolence graveolentia an evil smell a stinking savour Graveolent graveolens that has an ill savour or smell Gravidity graviditas greatness with child or with young Gravid gravidus great with childe or young Graviloquence graviloquentia a grave speech or a speaking gravely Greaves Fr. Greves boots or armor for the legs Grecians Graeci are used by St. Paul to signifie all the Heathen people and stand in opposition with Hebrews in the General acception containing both the Grecists or dispersed Hebrews and also those of Palestina the Grecists were both by birth and religion Hebrews standing in opposition with Hebrews in the strict acception taken for those of Palaestina Moses and Aaron Grecism graecismus the form or speech or custom of the Grecians Greek Church differs from the Roman Catholick 1. Denying the Holy Ghost to proceed from the Father and the Son 2. Denying Purgatory but praying for the dead 3. Beleeving that holy men enjoy not the presence of God before the Resurrection 4. Communicating in both kinds but using leavened bread and mingling warm water with wine which both together they destribute with a spoon 5. Receiving children of seven years old to the Sacrament because then they begin to sin 6. Forbidding extream Unction Confirmation and fourth Marriages 7. Admitting none to Orders but such as are married and prohibiting marriage to them that are actually in Orders 8. Rejecting carved Images but admitting the painted 9. Observing four Lents in the year 10. Reputing it unlawful to fast on Saturdays So Heylin But others relate the differences to be otherwise as may be seen in Authors that write thereof Grees◠or Grise gradus a stair step or degree Gregal gregalis of the same flock or company common Gregorian a Cap of hair so called from one Gregory a Barber in the Strand that first made them in England Gregorian Accompt so called from Pope Gregory the thirteenth See Julian Accompt Gremial Gremious gremiosus pertaining to the lap or bosom Griffe-Graffe Fr. by hook or by crook catch that catch may any way Grilliade Fr. a broiled mess or meat boiled on a Grid-iron Grithbreach Is a breach of peace for Grith is a word of the old Angles or Saxons signifying peace Roger Hoveden par poster suorum annal fol. 346. b. Grobianism Fr. slovenliness unmannerly parts or precepts Cotg. A Groop minthorium a dunging or pissing place Gromatick gromaticus pertaining to the art of casting out the ground for the Quarters fortifying the Camp and chusing places of advantage in the field Grotesques Fr. from the Ital. Grotesca pictures wherein as please the Painter all kind of odd things are represented without any peculiar sence or meaning but onely to please the eye Hence taken for any rude mis-shapen thing Grot from the Ital. Grota a Cave Groveling lying on the face Grouppade Fr. a certain lofty mannage which must be beaten with a lively and setled measure the turn being more wide and the horses hinder parts more raised then in an ordinary Curvet Grumosity grumositas fulness of clods or lumps Grumous from Grumus that is full of clots or Hillocks Gryffen or Gryffon Gryps a strange Bird as some ancient Authors affirm with four feet armed with cruel claws being from the brest upward fashioned like an Eagle but of purple colour with red fiery eies and whitish wings and in the hinder part black made much like a Lyon This Bird nests in the high mountains and is exceeding hard to be taken except very young for he will adventure on any man and is so fierce that he often kills Elephants he is most enemy to horses for which cause Virgil in his eighth Eclog. brings in the shepherd Damon who wondred at a strange Marriage speaking thus Junguntur jam Gryphes Equis But modern Authors as Aldrovandus Michovius and others say there is no such Animal extant Vul. Err. fol. 129. Guadsane a River in Spain which runs under ground the space of fifteen miles Hence the Spaniards brag that they have a Bridge whereon 10000 cattel daily feed Hist of Spain Guastaliens an order of Religious People consisting both of men and women and instituted the year 1537. by the Countess of Guastala a Mantuan Lady Cotg. Gubernator Lat. a Master of a ship a Guide a Ruler Gugh◠from the Hebr. Gnugabh a Jews Harp or trifle for children to play with Guerdon Fr. recompence reward remuneration Guidon Fr. a Standard Ensign or Banner under which a Troop of men of Arms serve Also he that bears it Gules See Geules Gule or Yule of August may come from the Brit. Gwil i. festum or from the Lat. jubilum the first day of August called in old Almanacks St. Peter advincula and in our later Almanacks Lammas day An. 27. E. 3. Stat. 3. cap. unico Fitz. nat br fo 62.1 called Gule of August alias Goule de August ◠Plow casu Mines fo 316. b. It is the very day of St. Peter ad vincula which was wont and is still within the limits of the Roman Catholick Church celebrated upon the very Calends of August It is by some conjectured that Gule comes of the Latin Gula or the Fr. Gueule the throat The reason of this conjecture is in Durands rationali divinor l. 7. ca. de festo
name Herrogh and the Germans write it Herirog Verst Herility herilitas Mastership Hericano See Haracanâ—a Heriot alias Hariot heriotum in the Saxon Heregeat from here i. exercitus it signified in our Saxon time a tribute given to the Lord for his better preparation toward war The name is still retained but the use altered for whereas by Mr. Lamberts opinion it signified as much as Relief doth now with us it is taken now for the best Chattel that the Tenant hath at the hour of his death due to the Lord by custom be it Horse Oxe or any such like Hermaphrodite hermaphroditus one that is both man and woman Hermes sire See Furole Hermetical pertaining to or like Hermes or Mercury Hermitress A woman Hermite or Eremite one who lives in a wilderness Hermopaly hermopolium a place where Images are sold Heroical heroicus noble stately excellent the three Heroical vertues are 1. Moderation of Anger 2. Temperance in Covetousness 3. The despising of Pleasures Heroick Poem so called for that it treats of the manners of Heroes or heroick persons not natural Causes manners presented not dictated and manners fained as the name of Poesie imports not found in men The part of an heroick Poem is to exhibite a venerable and amiable Image of heroick vertue Mr. Hobbs See Poesie Hesperides the daughters of Hesperus brother to Atlas called Aegle Arethusa and Hesperethusa They had Gardens and Orchards that bore golden fruit kept by a vigilant Dragon which Hercules slew and robbed the Orchard From this story we find often mention of the Gardens and Apples of Hesperides Heteroclite heterocliton that is declined otherwise then common Nouns are Heteroclital belonging to an Heteroclite Heteriark heteriacha the Captain of the Bands of the Allyes and Ayds also an Abbot Heterodox Gr. that is of another or different opinion Heterodoxy Gr. different opinion variety of judgment Heterogenâ—al heterogeneus of another kind Heterogencity from the Gr. the being of another kind Dr. Charleton Heteroscians heteroscii those people that dwell under either of the temperate Zones so called because their shadows at noon bend still but one way either North or South Hexagonal hexagonus that has six corners or angles Hexameter Lat. a Verse consisting of six feet all either Dactyls or Spondees save that a Dactyl is proper to the fifth place and a Spondee to the last other places are capable of either foot as Oâ—ia damnantur quae nulla negotia tractant These are also called Heroiques and were used to represent the memorable actions of those the Antients called Demi-Gods This Hexameter the Latins found most grave and decent for their Epique Poems instead of which we use the line of ten syllables recompencing the neglect of their quantity with the diligence of Rhyme Hobbs Hexastick hexasticum six Verses together or a sentence contained in six Verses H.S. See in I. I.S. Hiation hiatio a gaping Hibernian of or pertaining to Ireland Hichel Sax. a certain instrument with iron teeth to kâ—mb flax or hemp Hidage or Hydage was an extraordinary tax to be paid for every Hide of Land See Bract. lib. 2. cap. 6. Hide or Hyde of Land hida terrae Saxonice Hideâ—andes is a certain measure or quantity of Land by some mens opinion that may be plowed with one Plow in a year Terms of Law By others it is an hundred Acres By Beda who calls it familiam it is as much as will maintain a family Crompt in his Juris fol. 220. saith it consists of an hundred Acres And again fol. 222. A Hide of Land contains a hundred Acres and eight Hides or eight hundred Acres contain a Knights Fee Of this read more in Mr. Lamberts explication of Saxon words in Hida terrae Hidromel See Hydromel Hierarchy hierarchia an holy governance or principality The Hierarchy or Holy Order of Angels contains as some affirm nine degrees and is a mystical resemblance of the Blessed Trinity there being in nine thrice three and in every three thrice one So that there are three superior three inferior and three middle degrees The superior are Seraphins Cherubins and Thrones the middle Dominations Principalities and Powers the inferior Vertues Archangels Angels Bull. Hierarchical hierarchicus pertaining to a holy Governnour or government Hieratical hieraticus sacred holy destined to things sacred As Hieratick Paper fine Paper dedicated onely to Religious Books Hieroglyphicks hieroglyphica mystical Letters or Cyphers among the Egyptians by Images signifying holy Sentences which were to them instead of writing As for a Moneth they painted a Palm-tree because at every New Moon it sends forth a bew branch For God a Faulcon as well for that he soars so high as that he governs the lesser birds They described Envy by the Eele because it never keeps company with other fishes The liberal man was figured by a right hand wide open As contrariwise the avaritious niggard by a left hand close grip'd c. Hierograms from the Gr. sacred Letters or writings Hierographie Gr. a description or pourtraying of divine things Rerum divirarum adumbratio per quaedam signa Scap. Hierome Gr. a holy name St Hierome a Reverend Father of the Church much honored for translating the Bible lived in the year of Christ 384. Hiâ—rommiâ—ns a Religious Order that had their beginning of St. Hierome who leaving his Native Country went into Jury and there not far from Bethelem lived in a Monastery very devoutly the latter end of his life and died in the 91 year of his age and of Christ 421. The Monks of this Order wear their Cloaths of a brown colour and a Cope plaited over their Coat girt with a leathern Girdle There were also certain Hermites called Hieronimians of the foundation of one Charls Granel of Florence who about the year of Christ 1365 became an Hermite in the Mountains of Fessulus Hierosolymilan from Hierosolyma of or pertaining to Jerusalem Hilarity hilaritas mirth pleasantness chearfulness Hiâ—uâ—m Hebr. praises a Song sung at the Jews marriages by the Bridegrooms intimate friends To Himple Sax. to halt used in the North of England Hine seems to be used for a servant at Husbandry and the Master Hine a servant that oversees the rest An. 12. R 2. cap. 4. See Henchman Hinnible hinnibilis that can neigh as a horse apt to neigh. Hipocras or Hippocras a compound Wine mixed with several kinds of Spices so called from Hippocrates the Physitian said to be the first inventer of it Hipparch hipparchus the Master of the horses See the quality of this Office among the antient Athenians in part 1. Treas of Times p. 115. Hippiedes Gr. images of women on horse-back Hippiaticks Gr. books treating of horses Hippicon or Hippicun Gr. a measure of ground containing eight miles or rather four furlongs Hist of Philos Hippocentâ—ure hippocentaurus a Monster having in part the shape of a horse See Centaur Hippona the Goddess of horses Hippodrome hippodromus a Tilt-yard a place where horses are broken or exercised in running
consecrated to Apollo because on mount Parnassus there grew great store of it Some affirm it has the property not to be hurt by lightning therefore the Cock resorts thereto in Tempests as Natural Historians testifie conform to which is the Imprese of him who caused to be painted a Cock under a Laurel with this Motto SIC EVITABILE FVLMEN Lauriferous laurifer that beareth Bays or Lawrel Law of Arms jus militare is a Law that gives precepts and rules how rightly to proclaim War to make and observe Leagues and Truce to set upon the enemy to retire to punish offenders in the Camp to appoint Souldiers their pay to give every one dignity to his desert to divide spoils in proportion and such like for further knowledge whereof read those that write de Jure Belli Laws of tâ—e Twelve Tables See in Tables Lawless man is he qui est extra legem an Out-law Bract. l. 3. tract 2. c. 11. num 1. Law of Marquâ— or Mart This word is used 27. Ed. 3. Stat. 2. c. 17. and grows from the German word March i. limes a bound or limit And the reason of this appellation is because they that are driven to this Law of Reprizal take the Goods of that people of whom they have received wrong and can get no ordinary Justice when they can catch them within their own Territories or Precincts See Reprisal and Marque Law Merchant is a Priviledge or special Law differing from the Common Law of England and proper to Merchants and summary in proceeding An. 27. Ed. 3. Stat. 8 9 19 and 20. An. 13. Ed. 1. Stat. 3. Lawing of Dogs See Expeditate Mastiffs must be lawed every three years Crom. Jurisd fol. 163. Laxation laxatio an easing releasing or freeing Laxity laxitas loosness wildness liberty Lazer so called of Lazarus mentioned in the Gospel a poor man full of soars and scabs Lazuleâ— lazulus a blewish stone a kind of marble of which they make the colour Azure it is sometimes also used in Physick and is in operation hot and dry Lazzareto Ital. an Hospital for sick folks a Pest-house League Ital. and Span. legua Lat. leuca from the Gr. leucos i. white because they did in old time pitch white stones at every leagues end from the City The difference of miles in several Countries is great but it will be enough to know that the Italian and English are reckoned all for one though some hold the Italian to be the lesser and four of these make a German mile two a French league three and somewhat more a Spanish league the Swedish or Danish mile consists of five English miles and somewhat more a league at Sea is usually held to be three English miles Leander a young man of Abidos who was in love with Hero Lectern or Lectorn with Chaucers Interpreter is a Desk I suppose he means a Reading-Desk in a Church which in old Latin is called Lectrinum Lectistern lectisternium was among the antient Romans the solemn Ceremony of trimming and setting out a bed not for repose but repast wherein they laid the Images of their Gods reared upon Bolsters and Pillows The principal whereof was that in the honour of Jupiter at the Epulum Jovis whereon Jupiter was laid Juno and Minerva sitting on either side by him Livie Lector Lat. a Reader Lecture a Reading Leero corruptly from Lyra is a way of tuning or playing on the Viol different from that of Alphonso Leet Is otherwise called a Law day Smith de Repub. Angl. lib. 2. ca. 18. This Court in whose Mannor soever it is kept is accounted the Kings Court and is commonly held every half year c. See more Kitch fol. 6. Legacy See Devise Legality legalitas the keeping the Law also lawfulness Legation legatio an Embassage the Office of an Embassador Legate legatus an Embassador an Orator a Leiger The Popes Embassador hath most usually this tittle See Nuntio Legatary legatarius the party to whom a Legacy is given or made Legend from lego a writing also the words that are about the edge of a peece of coyn The golden Legend so called is a book of the lives of Saints Legerdemain Fr. Legier de main i. light of hand swiftness of hand cousenage Hocus Pocus tricks Legible legibilis that may be read Legiferous legifer that makes or gives Laws Legion legio an Army or Band of men At first Romulus his Legion consisted of 3000 footmen and 300 horse after of 4200 foot and 300 horse and after that 5000 foot and 300 horse Isid 9.3 saith a Legion consisted of 6000 armed men which number is seldom or never exceeded as it appears by Sigonius de jure Rom. l. 1. cap. 15. The Romans did very seldom enroll into their universal Army above four Legions and in an ordinary Legion ten Cohorts every Cohort containing three Maniples every Maniple two Centuries every Century 100 Soldiers Goodw. p. 175. Legionary legionarius of or pertaining to a Legion Legislator Lat. a Law-giver or Law-maker Legislative legislatus that hath power or authority to make or give Laws Legister Lat. a Lawyer Chaucer Legitimate legitimus lawful right meet just Leguminous from legumen belonging to pulse or pease Leman pallaca a married mans Concubine Lemnian lemnius pertaining to the Isle Lemnos Lemnian-earth is Vermilion or Red-earth Lenity lenitas softness smoothness meekness easiness to please Lenitude the same Lenitive that is apt to soften asswage or pacifie Lenonian lenonius belonging to a Bawd Lentiginous lentiginosus that is full of freckles or pimples like Lentils Lentil lens a kind of small pulse growing in hot Countries round and flat of colour sometimes black sometimes white and sometimes brown being boyled but once they loose the belly but at the second boyling in another water they are of a binding nature being then good to stop the bloody Flux or any looseness of the body Lentiscine lentiscinus of or belonging to the Mastick tree Lent Sax. The Spring-Fast a time of fasting for forty days next before Easter so called from Lenct-monaâ— or length moneth by which name the old Saxons called March because then the days began first to exceed the nights in length And they call this Fast Lent from the name of the said moneth because the most part of it falls within the compass of this month Verst Lent was first commanded to be observed in England by Ercombert the seventh King of Kent before the year of our Lord 800. Sir Rich. Bakers Chron. fol. 7. But Mr. Fuller says the first Lent kept in England was in the year 640. Cent. 7. fo 81. Lentisk lentiscus a tree growing in divers hot Countries which bears the notable Gum called Mastick Its Leaves and Bark stop all loosness and issues of blood Lentour lentor a clammy or glewish humor Bac. Lentous lentus soft tender pliant or limber idle Lenvoy from the Fr. Envoy or L'envoy a message or sending also the conclusion of a Sonnet or Ballade in a short Stanza by
it self and serving often times as a dedication or repetition of the whole Cot. Leonine leoninus of or pertaining to a Lion Lion-like Lepid lepidus neat pleasant jocund of a good grace Lepidity lepiditas delectableness or good grace in speech Leporean Leporine leporinus of or pertaining to an Hare delicate delicious Leprosity full of the Leprosie or leprous disease Lernean lerneus of or belonging to the water-Serpent called Lerna Lesion laesio a hurting or annoying Lesbian Rule or Square The Lesbians were such perfect work-men that they made Rules and Squares by their work and not their work by the rule and hence the phrase Dub. Lestage or Lastage from the Saxon Last i. onus is a custom challenged in Fairs and Markets for carrying of things Rastals Exposition of words Or a custom challenged in Cheapings or Fairs Saxon in the description of England ca. 11. Lastage An. 27. R. 2. ca. 18. seems to be the ballance or Ballast of a Ship and so the French use it Fleta terms it Lesting saying Quod significat acquietantiam Lestagii lib. 1. ca. 47. Lessee Lessor terms in our Law Lessee is he to whom the Lease is made for term of years life or will and the Lessor he that Leaseth or makes the Lease Lesses Fr. the dung of a ravenous beast as Bear Bore or Wolf Lessian pertaining to Lessius a modern Writer who wrote a Rule of severe temperance wherein he prescribed fourteen ounces every day whence that is called a Lessian Diet. Lestrigons lestrigones a kind of Giants or fierce people of Sicily often mentioned in Homers Odysses Lethal lethalis mortal deadly noysom pestilent Lethality lethalitas mortality frailty Lethargy lethargus a disease contrary to Frensie for as Frensie is caused by hot Humors inflaming the Brain Lethargy is by cold Flegmatick Humors oppressing it in such sort that the Patient can do nothing but sleep whereby he becomes forgetful with loss in a manner of Reason and all the Senses This disease is by some called the Drowsie evil Lethargick lethargicus pertaining to or sick of that disease also dull sleepy forgetful Lethe Gr. a feigned River of Hell the water whereof being drunk causeth forgetfulness of all that is past Hence it is used for Oblivion or forgetfulness Lethean letheus forgetful Also Lethean from Laetheus deadly mortal pestiferous Lethiferous lethifer that bringeth death deadly Letifical letificus that maketh glad or rejoyceth Letters of Mart. See Law of Marque Letters Patents See Patent Levant Fr. the East the East wind or Country Levant and Couchant is a Law term when a strangers Cattel have been feeding and lying down in another mans ground or have remained there a good space of time Levation levatio an easing or diminishing of grief or pain Leucophlegmatick leucophlegmaticus a dropsie arising from white Flegm Level-Cotle from the Fr. leuer le Cul i. to raise or remove the Buttock is when three play at Tables or other Game where onely two can play at a time and the loser removes his Buttock and sits out and therefore called also Hitch-Buttock Levigation laevigatio a levelling smothing or making plain Levisomnous levisomnus watchful soon waked Leviathan Hebr. a great water-Serpent or a kind of Whale Sometimes it is taken for the Devil Levites Levitae ex filiis Levi those of the Tribe of Levi in the old Law which Tribe was particularly allotted for the Church and whose maintenance was from the Tenths First-fruits Offerings and Sacrifices of the people Josh 18.17 The Priesthood of the Lord was their inheritance There were of them four kinds First Punies or Tirones who from their childhood to the five and twentieth year of their age learned the duties of their Offices Secondly Graduates who having spent four years in the study of the Law were able to answer and oppose in it Thirdly Licentiates who did actually exercise the Priestly function And fourthly Doctors Rabbins they used to call them who were the highest in degree Levi had three Sons Gershon Cohath and Merari and accordingly the whole company of the Levites were distinguisht into three Orders Gershonites Coathites and Merarites Moses and Aaron p. 19. Lexicon Gr. a Dictionary of words a vocabulary Lex talionis See Talion and Retaliate Libament or Libation libamen a Sacrifice any thing tasted and offered especially liquid things Libanomancy libanomantia Divination by Incense or Frankincense Libeâ— libellus literally signifies a little book but by use it is the original Declaration of any Action in the Civil Law An. 2. H. 5. ca. 3. and A. 2. Ed. 6. ca. 13. It signifies also a defamatory Scrol slanderous writing or invective of any man cast abroad or otherwise unlawfully published but then for distinction sake it is called an infamous Libel famosus Libellus Libertinage Fr. Epicurism sensuality licentiousness dissoluteness Libertine libertinus one that is manumitted or one that is born of him that was once bound and is now free a freeman also one of loose life or careless of Religion Libertinism Libertinage or Libertinity libertinitas the state of him that of Bond is made free Licentiousness Epicurism In Divinity it is thus defined Libertinism is nothing else but a false liberty of belief and manners which will have no other dependence but on peculiar fancy and passion It is a strange monster whereof it seems Job made description under the figure of Behemoth as much to say as a creature composed of all sorts of beasts of which it bears the name Iob 40. Causs in his Maxims Libethrides Dict. Ã Lebethra Magnesiae fonte the Muses so called Libidinist from libido inis a Sensualist or one that gives himself over to lust or unlawful desires Felth. Libidinous libidinosus lustful lascivious incontinent Libidinosity libidinositas lustfulness lasciviousness luxury incontinency Libitude libitudo will pleasure Ad libitum at will or pleasure Libitina the Goddess of funerals and after a sort the superintendent of Sepulchres in whose Temple were all things to be sold necessary for the interring and burial of the dead whereupon they also who were employed to carry forth and bury Corps were called Libitinarians as well as Vespilons Livie Libra Lat. the ballance or one of the twelve Signs of the Zodiack This Sign is so called because when the Sun enters it the day is in equal ballance with the night not one longer or shorter then another Virg. Geor. 1. Libra die somnique paresubi fecerit horas Libral libralis that is or pertains to a pound weight or measure also belonging to the Sign Libra Librarious librarius pertaining to books Licanthropy licanthropia or lycanthropia a frenzy or melancholy wherewith some being haunted think themselves turned into Wolves fly the company of men and hide themselves in caves and holes howling like Wolves Licentiate licentiatus one that hath licence in any Faculty most used in Divinity In the Common Law an Utter-Barrister Before he comes to be a Licentiate in the Civil Law he must have studied five years
that hath power to purge or make holy pertaining to purging Lustium Lat. a Den or Cave for wilde beasts a purging by Sacrifice also the space of fifty moneths or five years The Romans sometimes kept their account of time by these Lustiums which were so called because they did once in every five years revolution Lustrare exercitum Romanum by sacrifice purge the Roman Army Hence we use sometimes two Lustrums for ten years three Lustrums fifteen years c. Lutheranism the doctrine or Tenets of Martin Luther who being an Augustin Monk forsook his Monastical course of life about the year 1515 and from him Lutherans took denomination These differ from the Calvinists chiefly in maintaining consubstantiation in the blessed Eucharist with omnipresence and eternal predestination to be out of a foreseen faith and good works and not absolute which tenents are impugned by the Calvinists Heil Luteous luteus that is made of clay â—eam morter or earth filthy muddy Lutulent lutulentus miry dirty filthy Luxate luxo to put out of joynt to loosen Luxation luxatio a loosening or putting out of joynt Luxuriate luxurio to exceed to be riotous or wanton to grow rank Luxurious luxuriosus riotous given too much to pleasure excessive Lycanthropy lycanthropia a frenzy or melancholy which causeth the patient who thinks he is turned Wolf to fly all company and hide himself in dens and corners See Were-wolf Lyceum Aristotles famous School near Athens Also Cicero's School in his Mannor at Tusculum Lydian Musick Lydius modus doleful and lamentable musick Lymphatick lymphaticus allayed or mixed with water Also mad furious bestraught Lydford Law is to hang men first and indite them afterwards Lyncean Lynceous lynceus pertaining to the beast Lynx also quick-sighted from Lynceus one of the Argonauts who was admired for his quickness of sight He could see the new Moon the first day when it was in the sign Aries c. Lynx Lat. a spotted beast like a Wolf having a very perfect sight This beast breeds chiefly in the Eastern Countries and is often found in the woods of Almain and Sclavonia Hence the phrase of a Lynx-like-eye for one that 's well and perfect sighted Lypothumy See Lipothumy Lyrick lyricus a Poet that makes verses to be sung to the Harp or Lute The best of these among the Grecians was Pindarus among the Latins Horace Lyrick taken adjectively is pertaining to a Harp that plays on a Harp or to Lyrick verses which the antients applied to Songs and Hymms Lyrist lyristes a Harper or one that sings to the Harp M MAbel Mabilia a Christian name for women from amabilis i. lovely Mac in Irish is as much as Filz in French or as Son in English as Mac-William or Mac-Adam i. the Son of William or Adam Macaleb the bastard Coral or Pomander of whose sweet and shining black berries Bracelets are made Macaronique Fr. a confused heap or huddle of many several things Macarons Fr. little Friter-like Buns or thick Lozenges compounded of Sugar Almonds Rose-water and Musk pounded together and baked with a gentle fire Also the Italian Marcaroni lumps or gobbets of boyled paste served up in butter and strewed over with spice and grated cheese a common dish in Italy Macedonians Macedones people of Macedonia a large Country of Europe Macellarious macellarius pertaining to the Butchers Row or Shambles Macellator Lat. a Butcher or Slaughter-man Macerate macero to make lean to mortifie weaken bring down also to allay soak or steep in liquor Machiavelian a subtil Statesman or cunning Polititian So taken from Nicholas Machiavel Recorder of Florence whose Politicks have poisoned almost all Europe Machevalize or Machiavelianize to practise Machiavelianism or subtil policy Machine machina an instrument or engine of War a frame tool or device a subtil shift to deceive Machinaâ— machinor to devise or plot to imagine or contrive to invent craftily Macilent macilentus lean thin barren Macritude macritudo leanness barrenness Macrocosmus Gr. the great world Macrology macrologia prolixity in speaking long and tedious talk or speech to little or no purpose It is a figure among Rhetoricians As Vivat Carolus Augustus non moriatur c. Mactator Lat. a killer or murderer Maculatures from macula blotting or waste papers Maculate maculo to stain spot or defile to defame Madid madidus wet or washed moist imbrued also drunken Madidate Madiffe madido madefacio to wet or moisten to make wet to wash or bath Madidity madiditas moisture or fulness of moisture Mador Lat. moisture also sweat Madrigal Ital. madrigali a kind of song Magazine Fr. Magazin quasi mansio gazae i. locus ubi gazae thesauri reponuntur a publick Store-house or Ware-house most commonly appropriated to appurtenances of War Magdaleon magdaleo a Langate or long plaister like a Rowler Dr. Br. Magellanick Sea so called from Ferdinando Magellanus Magi or the Wise-men of the East See Balthazar Magician magus a Persian word primitively the Persians call those Magos or Magicians whom the Grecians call Philosophos the Latins Sapientes the Gauls Druyds the Egyptians Prophets or Priests the Indians Gymnosophists the Germans Die Pfaffen we English Wisemen Wisards Cunning-men South-sayers or Enchanters Cham. otherwise called Zâ—roaster K. of the Bactrians who reigned 800 years after the siege of Troy is said to be the first inventer of Art Magick Magia among the Persians was taken for sublime sapience and a Science of the harmony and contents of universals in Nature Bac. And see Sir Walt. Ral. l. 1. f. 171. Magick Art magia in general is wisdom or contemplation of heavenly Sciences and is twofold Natural which is lawful and is the ground of all true Physick and the occult wisdom of nature without which all mans Reason and Knowledge is Ignorance The other is Diabolical superstitious and unlawful and is called Necromancy whereby men attain to the knowledge of things by the assistance of evil spirits Chym. Dict. Magistery magisterium mastership the rule or office of a Master Dr. Br. Magistral Magâ—sterial magistralis pertaining to or done by a Master or Magistrate master-like artificial In Physick it signifies a Plaister Salve or Pill prepared after the best manner Magna Charta the great Charter contains a number of Laws ordained the ninth year of Hen. 3. and confirmed by Edw. 1. We have no ancienter written Law then this which though it consist of not above Thirty seven Charters or Laws yet is it of such extent as all the Law we have is thought in some sort to depend of it Magnalia Lat. great things to be wondred at As Magnalia Dei mentioned Act. 2.11 the great works of God Magnality from magnalia an admired greatness Magnanimity magnanimitas courage greatness of mind nobleness of spirit stoutness of heart Magnanimous magnanimus generous of a great mind of a stout spirit Magnete magnes etis a loadstone See Lodestone Magnetick magneticus belonging to the Lodestone or that which draws unto or attracts Magnify magnifacio
the personality when t is brought against the right person or when the Action is properly personal not real or mixt Personate persono to sound out or perfectly to make a great noise But Personato from persona is more commonly taken to represent the person of another Pâ—rspective from perspicio the Art of advantaging the sight by the help of glasses and other contrivances Perspicacy Perspicacity perspicacia quickness of sight understanding or perceiving a thing ready apprehension Perspicience perspicientia perfect knowledge full perceiving a thing Perspicuity perspicuitas clearness plainness properly in words and sentences Perspirable from perspiro that may or is able to breath through Br. Perspiration perspiratio a breathing through It is as it were a breathing or vaporing of the whole body through the skin Bac. Perstringe perstringo to wring hard to touch a thing sharply in speaking or writing c. Also to deceive Perterebrate perterebro to pierce or bore thorow with a wimble Pertical perticalis belonging to a Perch or Pole Pertinacy pertinacia obstinacy stubbornness stiffness in opinion sometimes it is taken in the good part for perseverance constancy Pertingeâ— pertingens extending reaching or joyning near unto Pertingency a reaching or joyning near unto Pervade pervado to go and enter over all through or into to scape or pass through or by Dr. Charl. Pervagation pervagatio a straying up and down a wandring through or about Perversity perversitas maliciousness of nature where we do overthwartly that we ought not to do frowardness Pervert perverto to overthwart to turn upside down to subvert corrupt destroy A Pervert one that is turned from good to evil as Convert is the contrary Pervicacy pervicacia obstinacy â—teadiness stiffneckedness sometimes perseverance constancy Pervise pervisum a Bar also a conference in former time called the Pervis among the young Councellors Pleaders Attorneys or Students of the Law such as at this day might resemble the course in the Inns of Court or Chancery called Moots and Bolts wherein the form of pleading and arguing a case is exercised for so doth Fortescu chap. 51. commending those Laws prove when he saith That after the Judges were risen at eleven of the clock from hearing Causes at Westminster Placitantes tunc se divertunt ad Pervisum alibi consulentes cum Servientibus ad legem aliis Conciliariis suis Pervious pervius that may be gone in or through that is easie to be passed over or through Perwick or Perwig from the Belg. Perruâ—ck or Fr. perrúque i. a tuff or lock of hair a cap of false or counterfeit hair Peruvians people of Peru in the West Indies so called Pessary pessus is made of soft wool in form of a finger and is a kind of suppository for the secret parts of women Br. Pessundate pessundo to tread or cast under feet to put down or to the worst to cast to the ground as a horse doth his rider Pestarable Wares seem to be such Wares as pester and take up much room in a ship An. 32. H. 8. c 14. Pestiferous pestifer deadly unwholesome that brings death pestilence and destruction Petalism petalismus from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1. a leaf a kinde of banishment for five years among the Siracusians practised by writing the parties name whom they would be rid of in an Olive leaf as at Athens they wrote upon shells Petard or Petarre Fr. petart an Engin of War made like a Bell or Morter wherewith strong Gates are burst open Petaurist petaurista a Dancer on the Ropes a Tumbler a runner upon Lines Petauristick pertaining to tumbling vaulting or dancing upon Ropes Peter Gr. for which the French use Pierre and our Ancestors used Pierce a name of high esteem among Christians since our Saviour named Simon the son of Jona Cephas which is Syriack and by interpretation a stone John 1.42 But fool-wisely have some Peters called themselves Pierius Cam. St. Peter ad vincula see Gule of August Peter-pence Denarii sancti Petri otherwise called in the Saxon tongue Rome-feoâ— i. the fee of Rome or due to Rome and also Rome-scot and Rome-penning was a tribute given by Ina King of the West-Saxons being in pilgrimage at Rome about the year of our Lord 626. which was a penny for every Chimney that smoaked in England Lamberds Explication of Saxon words verbo Nummus Whom see also fol. 128. in St Edw. Laws num 10. See also King Edgars Laws fol. 78. c. 4. Stow in his Annals p. 76. saith He that had thirty penny worth of Goods of one kind in his house of his own proper was to give a penny at Lammas yearly see Rome-scot Petitory petitorius belonging to a Petition or request Petrel see Pectoral Petrification petrificatio a making stony a turning into stone also a disease in the eye and eye-lids Petrifie from Petra to make become stonish or of a hard nature Br. Petrobrusiany a sort of Hereticks that held Christians ought not to keep or observe Feasts c. Petrol petroleum a kind of Marle or Chaulky Clay or rather a substance strained out of the natural Bitumen It is for the most part white but sometimes black and being once set on fire can hardly be quenched see Napthe Petronel Fr. petrinal a horsemans peece first used in the Pyrenean Mountains which was hanged at the Brest ready to shoot Petti-fogger from the Fr. petite and Belg. Foken vel Fâ—yken i. convasare a silly Advocate a petty Attorney or Lawyer or rather a Trouble-Town having neither Law nor Conscience Petty Sergeanty a tenure of Land holden of the King by yielding him a Buckler Arrow Bow or such like see Capite Petty Treason Fr petit Trahison Treason in a lesser or lower kinde If a Servant kill his Master a Wife her Husband a Secular or Religious man his Prelate these are Petit Treasons An. 25. Edw. 3. cap. 2. Whereof see more in Stawnf Pl. Cr. l. 1. c. 2. Cromp. J. of Peace f. 2. For the punishment of Petit Treason see An. 22. H. 8. cap. 14. Petulancâ— petulantia wantonness malepertness impudency reproachful speaking Petulant petulans wanton dishonest reproachful fawcy Pexiâ—y pexitas the long roughness of the Web. Pâ—oeâ—omenon Gr. an appearance either in Heaven or in the Air. Sir H. Wotton Phagâ—denick phagaedenicus that hath or pertains to a kind of Pock or running Cancer which frets through the skin and eats the flesh Phalanx Lat. a military Squadron consisting of eight thousand footmen set in such array that they might encounter with their enemies foot to foot man to man shield to shield Polybius l. 5. says the Phalanx contained above twenty thousand but these numbers still altered Phalangarians phalangarii Souldiers of the Army Phalanx Phalangeary Phalangeous of or pertaining to Phalanx Br. Phalaris Bull Phalaris was a Tyrant of Sicily who tormented Perillus the Artificer first in the brasen Bull he made for the destruction and torture of others whereupon aptly Ovid nec enim lex justior ulla
Clarigation from clarigo i. res clare repeto It is called in the last Statute of 27 Ed. 3. cap. 17. Law of Marque And the reason may be because one destitute of Justice in another Territory redresses himself by the Goods belonging to persons of that Territory taken within his own bounds see Law of Marque and see Acts 1649.38 and 1650.7 Reprise Fr. a taking back or again But in our Law Reprises signifie deductions and duties that are yearly paid out of a Mannor as Rent-charges Pensions Annuities Fees of Stewards or Bayliffs c. Hence we say the Mannor of A. yields so much clear yearly rent Vltra Reprisas besides all Reprises Repâ— from the Lat. reprendere to take back is properly to take back or remand a Prisoner and respite the execution and proceeding of the Law against him for that time It is also used substantively Reprobate reprobus wicked naughty cast out of Gods favor Also used substantively Reptâ—le or Reptitious reptitius that creeps or by privy means gets to high estate Repudiable from repudio refuseable rejectable forsakeable Repudiate repudio to forsake as one doth his wife to refuse or put away The ancient Romans had three kinds of separation in Marriage The first they called Repudiation which was done by the man against the will of the woman And the first man that thus repudiated his wife was Spurius Carvilius because she was barren c. The second manner was called Divorce and this was done with the consent of both and to either of them it was permitted to require it the party suing for it used these words Res tuas tibi habetâ— vel Res tuas tibi agito The third manner was termed Direption and this was done according to the Princes will 1 part Tr. of Times Repudious repudiosus villanous dishonest reproachful that one refuseth and abhors much Repugnancy repugnancia contrariety disagreement of things one with another Repullulate repullulo to bud out to cast forth buds to burgen and spring again Reâ—umicate repumico to raze with a Pumice to make slick or smooth Requiem the Accusative Case of requies i. rest or ease as to sing a Requiem for the dead whereby is understood a Mass for the dead which begins chiefly with these words Requiem aeternam dona eis Domine lux perpetua luceat eis Rescind rescindo to cut or break down or in sunder to take away to destroy to repeal an Act or Law Rescission recissio a cutting again an undoing or making a marriage void Recissory Rescissorian recissorius that makes void as recissoria actio an Action that fore-doeth or makes void a thing Rescous Fr. rescousse redemption delivery the rescuing or taking an engaged thing from as an arrested person out of the hands of Bayliffs Rescribendary from rescribo an Officer in some of the Courts of Rome who taxeth or valueth supplications Rescript rescriptum a writing back or answer given to other Letters and hence the answer of a Petition the return of a Writ Resentment see Ressentiment Reseration reseratio an opening or unlocking Resiance from resideo signifies a mans abode or continuance in a place Old nat br fol. 85. Whence also comes the Participle resiant that is continually dwelling or abideing in a place Kitch fol. 33. It is all one with Residence but that custom of speech â—es Residence only to persons Ecclesiastical Recedentiary from resideo one that resides or abides in a place also the place where Resignation resignatio a resigning an unsealing a surrendring or yielding up It is used particularly for the giving up a Benefice or spiritual Living into the hands of the Ordinary Resilience from resilio a leaping or skipping back a rebounding a going from ones word Bac. The French use Resiliment in the same sense Resinous resinosus full of rozen or gum Dr. Br. Resipiscence resipiscentia repentance a returning to understanding a second thinking wiser then the first Resonant resonans sounding or ringing again with an Eccho roaring Respiration respiratio a breathing refreshing or resting Respite or Respight of Homage respectus Homagii was the forbearing of Homage which ought first of all to be performed by the Tenant that held by Homage which Respite was paid upon divers good reasons but most frequently by such as held by Knights service in Capite who because the Prince could not be at leisure to take their Homage did pay into the Exchequer every fifth term some small sum of money for respite till the Prince might be at leasure to take it in person This is now abrogated with the Court of Wards by Act 1656. c. 4. Response responsum an Answer an Oracle a Prophecy Responsory as Cantus responsorius where one verse or line answers another answerable responsible or that answereth Responsion responsio an answering a Surety or Suretiship an Assurance Respondent respondens he that answers to Interrogatories at Doctors Commons is so termed by the Civilians Ressentiment Fr. a full taste a true feeling a sensible apprehension of a resentment Restagnant restagnans running over over-flowing Restauration restauratio a restoring a reinstalling a renewing or repairing Restible restibilis which heareth every year that is sown or delved every year that springs up again and quickens after it was thought to be dead Restipulate restipulo to make answer to an Action by waging the Law to lay in a Pledge or Gage to answer in the Law Restive or Restâ— Fr. rèstif stubborn drawing backwards that will not go forward Restiveness stubbornness drawing backward Restriction restrictio a restraint a straitning or binding a moderation Resudation resudatio a sweating or sweaty dropping Resverie Fr. a raving idle talking dotage trifling folly vain fancy Resumption resumptio a taking again Resupination resupinatio a turning upwards or upright a tumbling upside down Sir H. Wott Resuscitate resuscito to raise or set up again to renew to set in the former strength Retailler Fr. to shred pare slip or cut often for so do Retaillers or those that sell by Retaile in selling their Wares or Commodities in pieces or parcels contrary to those that sell in gross by the great or by whole-sale as they call it Retainer from retineo is taken for a Servant not menial nor domestick that is not continually dwelling in the house of his Lord or Master but attending him on Festival days or at such time onely when he is thereunto required Retaliate retalio to requite or do like for like Retard retardo to stop stay or hinder to fore-slow Retent retentus à retineo kept or holden back staied retained kept in Retent from retento unbent Retention retentio a holding a retaining a staying back a restraining a keeping in ones hands Retentive from retineo the retaining force of nature wherein food is held in the Stomack till it be fully concocted retaining holding back Retiary retiarius he that casts a net properly in fighting to take his enemy Reticence reticentia silence concealment councel-keeping when one holds his peace
whereas they say in Oxford to Battel in the Buttery Book i. to set down on their names what they take in Bread Drink Butter Cheese c. In Cambrigde they call it Sizing Sizygy see Syzygie Skeleton see Sceleton Skellum see Scellum Skiff or Scâ—pâ— scapha a ship-boat properly all of one piece Skink is in Scotland a kind of Pottage of strong nourishment made of Knuckles and Sinews of Beef long boiled Skinker Dutch Schencker a Fil-câ—p one that fills bear or wine a Butler or Cup-bearer Slay from the Teuton Slagon i. to strike an Instrument of a Weavers Loom having teeth like a Comb. Slockster Belg. Slocker one that slocks or inticeth away mens servants See Plagiary Slot a term in hunting and signifies the view or print of a Stags foot in the ground Slough a damp such as usually happens in Colepits also a deep sinking mudy place Smaragdine smaragdinus belonging to the precious stone called a Smaradg or Emerald green as an Emerald Smâ—ctymâ—uans about the beginning of the long Parliament in the year 1641 five Ministers wrote a book against Episcopacy and the Common Prayer in behalf of the Presbyterian Government to which they all subscribed their names being â—tephen Marshal Edm. Calamy Tho. Young Matth. Newcomen and Will Spurstow the first letters whereof make this word Smectymnuus and from thence they and their Followers were called Smectymnuans Smegmatick smegmaticus that hath the power or strength to scoure or cleanse as soap Smeth or Smoothery a medicine or physical Ointment to take away hair Snapâ—ynse a fire-lock or Gun that strikes fire without the use of a Match Sobriquet Fr. a sirname also a nickname or by word See Fuller lib. 3. fol. 30. Soccog from the Fr. Soc. i. a Coulter or plough-share is a tenure of lands by or for certain inferior or husbandly services to be performed to the Lord of the Fee See Institutes of Common Law 31. Socinâ— a late Sect begun by Laelius Socinus the Uncle and made up by Faustus â—ocinus of Sienna his Nephew who first dispersed his Errors in Polonia Transylvania and Sarmatia about the year 1555. They deny the eternal Divinity of the second Person of the Blessed Trinity with other gross Errors See Mr Chewney's Anti-Socinianism Socome an old Law word signifying the custom of grinding at the Lords Mill and there is Bond-Socome where the Tenants are bound to it and Love-Socome where they do it freely out of love to their Land-lord Socord socordia Luskishness sloathfulness negligence idleness sottishness Socratick socraticus of or belonging to that excellent Philosopher Socrates or to the Sect whereof he was chief Hence wise prudent learned Soâ—ality sodalitas a Fellowship a Fraternity a Society an Assembly a Brotherhood a Company incorporate of any mystery or Craft Sodalicâ—ouâ— sodalicius belonging to sodality or Fellowship Sodomy sodomia buggery so called from the City Sodom in Judaea which for that detestâ—ble sin was destroyed with fire from heaven Gen. 19. Sodomite an Ingler or Buggerer Sodomitical pertaining to Sodomy or Buggery Sol the Sun one of the seven Planets See Saturn Solace solatium comfort consolation help or succor Solar solaris of or belonging to the Sun Solary solarium a Sun-Dyal Also a yearly Pension paid to the Prince to live out of common business or the rent that one pays yearly for an house that is built upon the soil or land of the Common-wealth Soldado Span. Soldat Fr. a Souldier one that follows the wars Soldádo borádo a cashiered Soldier a Soldier blotted out of the Muster Roll perhaps derived from the Brit. Sawdiwr i. miles and that from Sawd which signifies praelium or bellum Soldan See Sultan Soldures soldurii were as Caesar saith in the Gaulish language such kinde of men as destined and vowed themselves to the amity of any to take part in all their good and bad fortunes Soleated soleatus shod as horses are or that wears pattens Solecism soloecismus a false manner of speaking contrary to the rules of Grammer incongruity Any thing done out of order or contrary to rule may be termed a Solecism It arose from those who being Athenians born and dwelling in Soli a City in Cilicia spake not pure Attic but mixt with the Solian's more barbarous Language Solecismical pertaining to a Solescism incongruous Solegrebe or Solegrobâ— an old name of the moneth Frebruary Solennial solennis yearly used or done every year at a certain time publick solemn accustomed Solenâ— the ancient name of that part of the Sea which divides the Isle of Wight from our main Land in Hampshire Bedes Hist pag. 366. Solâ—vetion from the Span. Solevar i. sublevare a lifting or holding up Also an aiding succoring or assâ—sting Lustr Ludov. Solidation solidatio a making whole or firm a soldering Solideâ— Five regular bodies or figures Geometrical viz. the Circle Cube Pyramid Cilinder and Dodochaedron Solifidian from sola fides one that holds faith onely without works necessary to salvation or one that depends upon faith alone Soliloquy soliloquium talk alone as of one with one or one with himself Soliped from solidus and pes that hath a whole or sound foot not cloven nor broken such is that of a Horse If from solus and pes then it signifies one-footed or that hath but one foot Dr. Br. Solisequious from solem sequens following or that follows the Sun Br. Solistim solistimum a kind of dancing among the Augures or a Divination taken by falling of the bread on the ground which was given to Chickens Solitanâ—ous solitaneus solitary single alone without company Solivagart solivagus that goes here and there alone and flies company wandering all alone solitary Solon one of the seven wisemen of Greece The other six were Chilo Cleobulus Thales Bias Pittacus and Periander V. Hist of Philos in Preface Solstice solstitium quasi Solis statio the Sun-stead or stay when it can neither go higher nor lower which is in Summer about mid June when the days are at the longest and in Winter about mid December when they are at the shortest at which time the Sun comes to the Tropick of Capricorn and in June to that of Cancer It is most commonly taken for Midsummer and Mid-winter is termed Bruma Solstitical solstitialis belonging to the Solstice or stay of the Sun Also that continues but a little time Soluble solubilis which may be unloosed or unbound Solve solvo to loose to release to deliver to undo to dissolve resolve c. Solute Solutive solutus loosed or loosening set at liberty quiet free Somniculous somniculosus negligent sleepy drowzy sluggish also that makes drowzy or sleepy Somniferous somnifer that brings or causeth sleep Somnus Lat. sleep sometimes night also rest quietness also the God of Sleep Ovid. Somne quies rerum dulcissime Somne Deorum Sonorous sonorus loud making a great noise shril roaring Sonâ—agâ— is a tax of forty shillings laid upon every Knights Fee Stow p. 284. Sontick sonticus noysom hurtfull The Sontick disease
beareth scales scaly Square-number see Quadrate Squinant squinanthum the sweet rush which is very medicinable Camels meat Squinancy squinantia a swelling disease in the throat which causeth a difficulty in breathing the Squincy S.S. stand usually for Sacro-Sanctus or for Sacra Sciptura or for Sancti as S.S. Patres Sancti Patres Stability stabilitas firmness stableness soundness constancy Stabulate stabulo to stand or be as Cattel in a Stable or Stall to be housed as Beasts are to keep or stall up ones self Stade stadium a race for men or horses to run in also a proportion or measure of ground called also a Furlong whereof there are three sorts viz. The Italian containing one hundred twenty and five paces the Olympick of one hundred and twenty paces and the Pyâ—hick of two hundred paces all after five feet to the pace Of these Stades eight make an Italian mile containing one thousand paces see Furlong Staggaâ—d a red Male Deer four years old Stagirâ—te Aristotle so called from Stagira a Town in Macedonia where he was born Stallage Fr. Estallage signifies in our Common Law money paid for pitching stalls in Fair or Market see Scavage This in Scotland is called Stallange Skene verbo Stallongiatores And among the Romans it was termed Siliquaticum from siliqua their first and least of all weights Stallion from the Fr. Estallon or Ital. Stallóne a horse kept for covering Mares Stamineous stamineus pertaining to hemp or flax or that hath shreds in it Standard or Estandard from the Fr. Estandart an Ensign for Horsmen in War and is commonly taken for that of the King or chief General It is also used for the principal or standing measure of the King to the scantling whereof all the measures throughout the Land are or ought to be framed c. Magna Charta and confirmed 14 Edw 3. cap. 12. Of these Standards and Measures read Britton cap. 30. Stannaries Stannaria the Mines and Works touching the getting and purifying of Tin in Cornwal and other places of which works there are two sorts viz. Lode-work and â—tream-work See Cam. Brit. pag. 119. Stanza Ital. a Staff of Verses As Spencers Books are divided into Canto's and those again into Stanza's Staple Fr. Estape a Mart or general Market a publick Store-house in a Sea Town or Town of Traffick whither the Merchants of England by common Order or commandment did carry Wools Woolfels Cloaths Lead Tin c. which are the Staple Commodies of this Land for the utterance of them by the great Staple Inn near Holburn Bars now one of the Inns of Chancery was formerly an Inn or Hostel of the Merchants of the Staple and from thence took name Star Chamber a late Court at Westminster voted down by Act. Starrulet a dim of Star a little Star Stasiarch Gr. an Arch-rebel the head of a Sedition Stater Lat. an antient coyn of severall sorts The Corinthian Stater was worth 21 d. want a farthing The Macedonian Stater was worth about two shillings nine pence half penny The Golden Attick Stater weighed two drams and therefore worth seventeen shillings six pence But in Scripture it valued two Didrams for the tribute money to be paid for each person was Didrachmum Mat. 17.24 and a Stater was paid for two namely for Christ and St. Peter the value of it therefore was 2 s. 6 d. Staticks Gr. the science of weights and measures a species of Mechanicks Br. Station statio a standing place a Bay or Rode for ships to rest in also a place of resort abode or stay Station-staff is a strait Pole divided into feet and inches used by Surveyors in measuring Land Stationary stationarius appointed to keep ward in any place that is in a Garison setled standing Stationer so called of his station or standing shop to sell in is often confounded with Book-seller and sometimes with Book-binder whereas they are three several Trades the Stationer sells Paper and Paper-Books Ink Wax c. The Book-seller deals onely in printed Books ready bound and the Book-binder binds them but sells not Yet all three are of the Company of â—tationers Stative stativus pitched or set as a Fortress or pitched Camp also standing Statuary statuarius a Stone-cutter a Carver of Statues and Images Statuminate statumino to prop up to under-set to make sure Statute statutum signifies a Decree or Act of Parliament c. 2. It is a kind of Bond as Statute Merchant and Statute Staple An. 5. H. 4. cap. 12. The reason of which name is because those Bonds are made according to the form of certain Statutes which direct both before what persons and in what manner they ought to be made West par 1. Symb. lib. 2. sect 151.27 Ed. 3. ca. 9. and 23 Hen. 8.6 Statutes is also used in our vulgar talk for the petit Sessions which are yearly kept for the disposing of Servants in service by the Statutes of 1 and 5 Eliz. cap 4. Steccado Span Estacada a place railed in for a Combate or Lists Steel-yard see Stil-yard Steganâ—graphy Gr. a description of the way or manner of covering Edifices Stellar stellaris starry pertaining to a star Bac. Stellation stellatio a making star-like or adorning with stars also a blasting Stelled stellatus full of or garnished with stars Stelletto or Stiletto Ital. a little Ponyard or the small and sharp pointed Dagger Stelliferous stellifer that bears or has stars in it starry Stellion stellio the spotted or starry Lizard so called also an envious fellow or one that cannot endure another should be the better by him from the Stellion which having as he doth half yearly cast his skin a soverein remedy for the Falling-sickness presently devours it to deprive mankind of it Stellionate stellionatus a deceit in dissembling a thing to take profit by another unjustly a counterfeiting of merchandize a cousening or selling the same thing to several persons Lo Bac. Stem stemma a Garland of flowers a Race of Kindred the blood of a Gentile house Stenegraphy stenegraphia the Art of Short-writing or a description of reducing any thing in a narrower compass Stentor a Grecian that had a voyce lowder then fifty men together Hence we use Stentorian voyce for a great loud roaring voyce Stephen Gr. a Crown Step-mother so called because she steps in instead of a Mother by marrying the sons or daughters Father a Mother in Law Stercorean or Stercorarious stercorarius belonging to dung or muck Stercoration stercoratio a dunging or defiling with dung Sterile sterilis barren fruitless that cannot engender without generation yielding nothing Sterility sterilitas barrenness unfruitfulness Sterling is the old term or Epitheton for money currant in this Nation which thus took denomination In the time of Richard the First money coined in the East paâ—t of Germany began to be of special request in England for its purity was cal'd Easterling money as the Inhabitants of those parts were called Easterlings shortly after some of that Country skilful
the old Romans were wont to burn their dead bodies Now it is often taken for a Grave or Sepulchre also a vessel wherein the Roman Pretor did put the names of such as were to be elected or tried by lot See a learned discourse of Vrns written lately by Dr. Brown and entituled Hydriotaphia Vroscopy Gr. an inspection of Urines or casting of water as Physicians do Vrsine ursinus of or belonging to a Bear Vrsula Lat. a little she Bear a womans name heretofore of great reputation in honor of Vrsula the British Virgin Saint martyred under Gods scourge Attila King of the Hunnes Vrus or Vre Ox is a huge-bodied hulk-backed short-horned and red-eyed wilde Ox. Pliny Vsance Fr. use usage it is a term among Merchants as if a Merchant receive money here and engage by Bill of Exchange to pay the like sum in Paris at Vsance that is at the moneths end and double Vsance is two moneths Vâ—bagh or Vsâ—abagh Irish Aqua vitae the word in that language importing as much Vstion ustio a burning or scaring Vstulate ustulo to burn or sear a thing also to frizel or curle Vsucaption usucaptio prescription or long possession or the attaining a thing thereby Vsufructuary usufructuarius one that hath the use and reaps the profit of that whereof the propriety rests in another Vsury usura usage the occupation of a thing also money or moneys worth given above the principal sum for the lone of it interest use Vsurpation usurpatio an usurping an unjust or often using a taking against right and reason an incroaching on another mans Right Vâ—as Octava is the eighth day following any Term or Feast as the Vtas of Saint Michael the Vtas of St. Hillary the Vtas of St. Martin the Vtas of St. John Baptist and the Vtas of the Blessed Trinity c. as you may read An. 51. Hen. 3. Stat. concerning general days in the Bench. And any day between the Feast and the Eighth day is said to be within the Vtas the use of it is in the Return of Writs as appears by the same Statute Vtensil utensile any thing necessary for our use and occupation Housholdstuff Vterine uterinus of or pertaining to the womb Fratres Vterini brothers of the same Mother that came both of one Womb or Belly Vtible utibilis that may be used profitable Vtinam Lat. Adverb God grant Would to God it is sometimes used substantively in English for a wish Vtlarie See Outlawrie Vtopian belonging to the feigned or imaginary place or Country Vtopia Vtter Barristers See Barristers Vval from uva pertaining to a Grape or Vine Vvid uvidus wet moist Vviferous uvifer that bears Grapes or Vines Vulcan Vulcanus the god of Fire who is also called Jupiters Smith it is sometimes used for fire it self or for any Workman or Forger continually about the fire or for a Hill that continually burns and casts out flame and smoak Vulgarity vulgaritas the common manner or fashion of the vulgar people Vulgarization a making common or vulgar Vulgate vulgatus published abroad commonly used set out to the use of all men Vulned from vulnus wounded A term in Heraldry Vulnerate vulnero to hurt or wound Vulnerary vulnerarius he that healeth wounds a Chyrurgeon Also used adjectively which relates to wounds or sores Vulnifical vulnificus which woundeth or makes wounds Vulpinate vulpinor to play the Fox to deceive with crafty wiles or deceits Vulpinatiness from vulpinor craftiness deceit Vulsion vulsio the twinging or pulling of the cramp or any other thing Vultuosous vultuosus of a grave and solemn countenance or of a heavy and sad look Vulturine vulturinus pertaining to the ravenous Bird called a Vulture or Cormorant also grey coloured Vvula Lat. a little piece of flesh in the inmost roof of the mouth which sometimes hangs loose downward and hinders from speaking and swallowing meat the Palate of the mouth Vxorious uxorius belonging to a Wife also that is very indulgent to or fond of a Wife W. WAge from the Fr. Gager i. to put in security for performing any thing as to Wage Law and Wage Deliverance When an Action of Debt or Detinue is brought against one upon some secret agreement or contract had between the parties without Specialty shewed or other matter of Record for goods lent or left with the Defendant then the Defendant may Wage his Law if he will that is Swear upon a Book and certain persons with him that he detains not the Goods nor ows any thing to the Plaintiff in manner and form as he hath declared Terms of the Law Note that the offer to make the Oath is called Wager of Law and when it is accomplished it is called the doing your Law To Wage Law in the common acception seems to be to follow urge drive on or prosecute the Law or Law Sutes as to wage War is praeliari bellare to drive on the War to fight in Battails as Warriers do The Wain of the Moon from the antient Belg. Wan i defect or want à lat vanus quia evanescit the decrease or declination of the Moon Hence also To look wan that is pale as being in a decaying or defective health To Waive or Weive is to forsake As to waive the company of Theeves Stawnf pl. Cor. fol. 26. Waif or Weif The nineteenth Chapter of the Grand Customary of Normandy is entituled De choses gaives and Latined by the interpreter De rebus vaivis i. Of things waived which are there thus defined Vaiva sunt res velalia quae nullius proprietate attributa sine possessionis reclamatione sunt inventa quae usque ad Diem annum servanda sunt This weif or things weived are nothing but things forsaken The Civilians call it Derelictum Bract. lib. 1. cap. 12. num 10. reckons them inter res quae sunt nullius ea quae pro waivio habentur sicut de averiis ubi non apparet dominus where he also saith Quod olim fuerunt inventoris dè jure naturali jam efficiuntur Principis de jure gentium This is a Regality and belongs to the King except it be challenged by the owner within a year and a day as appears by Britton cap. 17. Now the Kings in their times have granted this and such like Prerogatives to Subjects within their Liberties and Fees so that Waifs Estrays Things lost are the Lords of the Franchise where they are found but must first be cried and published in Markets and Churches near about or else the year and day runs not to the prejudice of him that lost them and otherwise the Detainer may be accus'd of Theft The Expositor of Law Terms also saith VVaif is when a Thief has feloniously stoln Goods and being closely pursued with Hue and Cry or else overcharged with the burden or trouble of them for his ease or more speed flies away and leaves the goods or any part of them behind him then the Kings Officers or the Reeve or Bailiff of
to make great account of to honor much Magnificence magnificentia stateliness sumptuousness high atchievement great performance Magnificat part of the Even-song among the Romanists or the song of the Blessed Virgin Mary Luk. 1.46 beginning thus Magnificat anima mea c. My soul doth magnifie our Lord c. At saying of which they use to stand up as being a Canticle or Song of joy for the delivery whereof that posture is most proper To correct magnificat an English Proverb signifies to attempt to amend Scripture or that which is beyond correction Magnifico Ital. a great or honorable Personage The chief Noblemen of Venice are by a peculiar title called Magnifici or Magnifico's And the Rectors of the Academies in Germany are honored with the same Title Magnificent Magnifical magnificus that atchieveth worthy acts noble sumptuous acting great matters majestical Magniloquy Magniloquence magniloquentia a lofty manner of speaking or a discourse of great matters Magniloquent magniloquus that useth a stately manner of speaking or writing Magnitude magnitudo greatness largeness nobleness valiantness Magog mentioned in Ezek. 38. Gog in the Hebrew signifies saith St. Hierom tectum or a covering of a house And Pintus upon Ezekiel affirms that by Gog is meant Antichrist For saith he Antichristus erit Diaboli tegumentum sub specie humana That Antichrist shall be the covering of the Devil under humane form He adds that Magog is as much to say as Gog the letter M being an Hebrew Preposition and imports as much as of or from so he takes Magog for those people that follow Antichrist See more in exposition of these two words in Sir Walt. Ral. hist lib. 1. fol. 136. Mahm or Maim from the Lat. mancus signifies a corporal hurt whereby a man loseth the use of any member that is or might be any defence to him in battle The Canonists call it Membri mutilationem as the Eye the Hand the Foot the scalp of the Head the fore tooth or as some say any finger of the hand Glanvile lib. 14. ca. 7. And Vgolinus de irregularit ca. 4. sect 3 4 5. Magonel an instrument to cast stones Chauc Mahumetism or Mahumetanism the Religion and profession of Mahumet and the Turks which see in Alchoran Mahumets Law-book Mahumetan one that professeth that Religion Maid-Morsan See Moriseo Majestative majestativus that is full of majesty or majestical Mainour or Manner from the Fr. Maniére i. the Manner signifies in our Common Law when a Thief hath stoln and is followed with Hue and Cry and taken with the Manner that is having the thing stoln about him which is called the Mainour and so we say when we find one doing an unlawful act that we took him in the mainour or manner Mainpernable a Law word and signifies bailable or that may be bailed and Mainpernors are the Sureties for one that is mainprized to appear at a certain day c. yet Mr. Manwood 1. part For. Laws p. 167. makes a difference between Bail and Mainprize viz. that he that is mainprised hath a greater liberty then he that is bailed c. Main-sworn in our Northern Dialect signifies foresworn or perjured Major Lat. the greater The major proposition of a Syllogism See in Syllogism Majorate majoro to make greater Majoration a making greater Bac. Malachite malachites a stone of a drak green colour Malacissation malacissatio a kneading or making soft Bac. Malacy malachia a calm or still time on the Sea also the inordinate lusting of women with child Malaga or Malaca Sick so called from a City of that name in Andalusia in Spain where that kind of wine is made Maladie Fr. a sickness or disease Malanders a disease in horses from the Span. malander i. to go ill for so the disease makes them Maldisant Fr. an evil speaker a backbiter Malediction maledictio evil-speaking a curse banning imprecation execration Malefactor Lat. an evil-doer an offender Malefice maleficium an evil deed an ill act a shrewd turn hurt displeasure Maleficence maleficentia evil doing Maleficiate malefacio to do wrong to offer abuse to do evil Bac. Maletent in the Statute called the Confirmation of the Liberties of c. An. 29. Ed. 1. ca. 7. is interpreted to be a Toll of forty shillings for every sack of wooll Stow in his Annals p. 461. calls it a Maletot from the Fr. maletoste or Maletote See also the Stat. de Tallagio non concedendo Malevolence malevolentia ill-will heart-burning spite Malignity malignitas malice prepensed ill-will grudge despight villany Malleable from malleus tractable hammerable which may be wrought or beaten with the hammer Malleated malleatus wrought or beaten with the hammer or beetle Malkin Maukin or Scovel to make clean an oven the Italians call it Scovola di forno i. the broom or besome of the oven the Lat. is Peniculus or Penicillus dim a pene i. a tail because they were in times past made of the tails of beasts as now they are of old clouts Min. Malmesy a sort of wine so called from Arvisium a promontory in the Island Chio vulgarly called Marvisia or Malvisia whence comes the best of this kind Maltesian an Inhabitant of the Island Malta called in Scripture Melita Mamaluke a light-horseman in the Syrian and Arabian tongues the Mamalukes were an order of valiant horse-men in the last Empire of Egypt Cot. Mammeated mammeatus that hath Paps or Teats Mammon is a Syriac word signifying riches or the god of Riches Hierom sup Matth. cap. 17. The Mammon of iniquity is expounded to be wealth unjustly detained from them to whom it is due Greg. Mammonist from mammon may be taken for a worldling or one that seeks after riches Mammâ—oda a coyn among the East Indians of equal value with our shilling Manation manatio a flowing or running a trickling down Manbote Sax. a pecuniary compensation for killing a man Lambert in his exposition of Saxon words verbo Aestimatio Of which read Roger Hoveden also in his Annals fol. 344. Manche Fr. a sleeve a term of Heraldry Also any thing in form of a sleeve Mancipate mancipo to deliver possession to give the right to another to sell for money Mancipation mancipatio a manner of selling before witnesses with sundry ceremonies c. so called à manucaptione from taking that which is sold into ones hands or possession See Emancipate Manciple manceps a Caterer or one that in Colledges or Hospitals buys victuals and common provision into the house Mancuse mancusa of the antient pence which weighed about three pennies of our money thirty as Alfric Arch-Bishop of Canterbury in his Saxon Grammer notes made a Mancus which some think to be all one with a Mark for that Manca or Mancusa is translated in antient Books by Marca and Manca as appears by an old fragment was quinta pars unciae These Mancuse or Mancus were reckoned both in gold and silver For about the year of our Lord 680. In a King of the West
Saxons as we read in Malmsbury enforced the Kentish men to redeem their peace at thirty thousand Manca's of gold In the notes upon Canutus Laws I find this difference that Mancusa was as much as a Mark of silver and Manca was a square piece of gold commonly valued at thirty pence Cam. Rem fo 181. Mandate mandatum a commandment a message commission or any thing that one is commanded to speak or do In our Common Law it is a commandment judicial of the King or his Justices to have any thing done for the dispatch of Justice whereof you shall see diversity in the table of the Register judicial Verbo Mandatum Mandatary mandatarius he to whom a commandment or charge is given or he that comes to a Benefice by a Mandamus Mandible mandibilis eatable or that may be eaten Mandible from mandibula the Jaw Mandilian or Mandilion from the Fr. Mandil or Mandille a loose Cassock such as Souldiers use to wear Mandrake or Mandrage from the Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. a Den or Hole because it useth to grow about Dens or Caves a strange plant bearing yellow round apples the root of it is great and white like a Radish root and is divided into two or more parts growing sometimes like the legs of a man This root especially its bark is extreamly cold and dry even to the fourth degree It is therefore very dangerous to receive inwardly for that the least quantity too much will quickly kill a man Chyrurgeons use to steep this root in wine and give it to be drunk by such as they must cut saw or burn in any part for its cold operation causeth sleep and maketh the body insensible for a time See the confutation of many false conceptions concerning this plant Mandrake in Dr. Br. Vul. Er. l. 2. ca. 6. Mandrakes lovely or amiable so in the Hebrew The Greek translates them Apples of Madragoras or Mandrake Apples they were such things as gave a smel Gen. 30.14 Cant. 7.13 Wilson Manducable from Manduco eatable that may be chewed or eaten Manducation manducatio a chewing or eating Mandy Thursday See in Day Mangonize mangonizo to polish paint or trim up a thing Mangonism the craft of pampering trimming or setting out saleable things Maniable from manus that may be managed by the hand tractable Bac. Maniack maniacus mad frantick brain-sick wilde-headed Manichees a sort of Hereticks so called from one Manes a Persian the first broacher of that Heresie They held a fatal necessity of sinning c. with other damnable Tenets This Manes affirmed himself to be both Christ and the Paraclet too and sent out his twelve Disciples about the world to spread abroad his heretical Dogms c. Manicies manicae hand-Fetters or Gives wherewith Prisâ—ners are bound by the hands from manus a hand Manifesto Lat. an open or publick declaration most commonly of some Prince or Commonwealth concerning publick matters Maniple manipulus a gripe a handful a bundle But more particularly it is a Fannel or Scarf-like ornament worn about the lest Wrist of of a sacrificing Priest Also a file of ten Soldiers under one Captain and Tent so called because their handstrokes in fighting went together Or because they fought sub eodem manipulo foeni an handful of hay being used at that time instead of a flag Ovid. Pertica suspensos pendebat longa manipsos Vnde maniplaris nomina miles habet But I find in some Authors that the antient Roman Maniple consisted of 200 Souldiers See Legion Manipular manipularis belonging to a band of men Manna Gr. man or the dew of heaven a delicate food wherewith God fed the children of Israel it falling from heaven in manner of a dew white and somewhat like Coriander seed with which the Israelites lived forty years in the Wilderness till they came to the Borders of the Land of Canaan At first sending hereof the people were in such admiration that they said to each other manhu i. quid est hoc what is this which seems to be the cause why it was afterward called Manna In Physick it is taken for a kind of dew or grained Manna which falling in hot Countries upon trees and herbs before break of day doth there congeal almost like crums of white bread and is gathered and choicely kept as a gentle purger of Choler it is sweet of taste the best comes from Calabria where they gather it from the leaf of the Mulberry Tree Nat. hist 165. It is also taken for any sweet matter extracted out of any thing Mansion mansio a tarrying a baiting an abiding Also as Bracton defines it lib. 5. cap. 28. num 1. it is a dwelling consisting of one or more houses without any neighbor And yet he grants forthwith that Mansio Mansioni possit esse vicinata I find it most commonly used for the Lords chief dwelling house within his Fee whether it have neighbors adjoyning or not otherwise called the capital Messuage or the chief Mannor place Mansio among the antient Romans was a place appointed for the lodging of the Prince or Souldiers in their journey or march furnished with convenient entertainment by the neighbors adjoyning c. Manslaughter homicidium is the unlawful killing a man without prepensed malice As when two that formerly meant no harm to one another meet together and upon some sudden occasion falling out the one kills the other West part 2. Symb. titulo Inditements Sect. 44. It differs from murther because it is not done with prepensed or foregoing malice And from Chancemedley because it hath a present intent to kill and this is Felony but admits Clergy for the first time Stawnf pl. Cor. lib. 1. ca 9. and Britton ca. 9. It is confounded with murder in the Stat. 28. Ed. 3. ca. 11. Mansuete mansuetus gentle courteous meek milde humble tractable Mansuetude mansuetudo gentleness meekness tractableness humility Manticulate manticulor to do a thing closely as to pick a purse Manticore or Manticorn Ital. Manticora a ravenous and mankind-Indian beast that hath three ranks of very sharp teeth a face like a man and body like a Lyon Plin. l. 8. ca. 21. Mantile or Mantle Lat. mantile Br. Mantel a kind of cloak which Souldiers in times past used in Winter a long hanging Cloak it is taken for a long robe An. 24. H. 8. ca. 14. Now it is called a Leaguer-Cloak and the Ladies have appropriated the name to a kind of cloak which they wear Also a term in Herauldry and was antiently a kind of Cloak or Mantle encompassing the Coat armor but now is that flourish which proceeds from the Wreath and Helm and descends externally on each side the Escotcheon Manual manualis that fills the hand that one may fold cast or carry in the hand Also used substantively as a Manual manuale a small portable volume a book which may be carried in ones hand Manuel in Law is a thing whereof persent profit may be made Stawnf Praerog fol.