have_v follow_v l._n cumamplius_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr regulis_fw-la juris_fw-la but_o especial_o this_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n prov._n 6._o 1._o if_o thou_o be_v surety_n for_o a_o friend_n if_o thou_o have_v strike_v thy_o hand_n with_o a_o stranger_n thou_o be_v take_v with_o the_o word_n of_o thy_o mouth_n and_o the_o performance_n of_o word_n be_v acknowledge_v a_o part_n of_o god_n righteousness_n nehemiah_n 9_o vers_fw-la 8._o hebrew_n 10._o vers_fw-la 23._o where_o it_o be_v acknowledge_v a_o part_n of_o god_n faithfulness_n and_o if_o promise_v be_v not_o moral_o obliege_v they_o can_v have_v no_o effect_n but_o by_o positive_a law_n which_o be_v no_o more_o itself_o then_o a_o public_a paction_n laborans_fw-la eodem_fw-la morbo_fw-la and_o then_o all_o paction_n and_o agreement_n among_o nation_n will_v be_v ineffectual_a and_o all_o commerce_n and_o society_n among_o man_n shall_v be_v destroy_v paction_n contract_n covenant_n and_o agreement_n be_v synonimous_a term_n both_o in_o themselves_o and_o according_a to_o the_o recent_a custom_n of_o this_o and_o other_o nation_n so_o that_o it_o will_v be_v unnecessar_n to_o trace_v the_o many_o subtlety_n and_o difference_n among_o paction_n and_o contract_n in_o the_o roman_a law_n 11._o this_o much_o only_a in_o a_o word_n their_o contract_n be_v of_o four_o kind_n either_o perfect_v by_o thing_n word_n write_v or_o sole_a consent_n contract_n by_o intervention_n of_o thing_n remain_v naked_a paction_n ineffectual_a until_o something_o be_v give_v or_o do_v by_o either_o party_n to_o other_o such_o be_v all_o these_o contract_n which_o be_v call_v innominat_fw-la which_o have_v not_o a_o special_a name_n and_o nature_n acknowledge_v in_o the_o law_n and_o therefore_o oblige_v not_o by_o sole_a consent_n but_o the_o give_v or_o do_v of_o the_o one_o party_n only_o obliege_v the_o other_o as_o permutation_n excambion_n or_o exchange_n when_o either_o a_o thing_n be_v give_v for_o another_o or_o a_o thing_n be_v give_v for_o a_o deed_n work_n or_o use_v or_o one_o deed_n or_o work_n be_v do_v for_o another_o for_o the_o which_o the_o law_n have_v no_o special_a name_n and_o therefore_o name_v they_o do_v ut_fw-mi des_fw-fr do_v ut_fw-la facias_fw-la facere_fw-la ut_fw-la facias_fw-la among_o real_a contract_n the_o law_n number_v matuum_fw-la and_o commodatum_fw-la for_o which_o we_o have_v but_o the_o one_o name_n of_o loan_n depositation_n or_o custody_n pignus_fw-la or_o pledge_v of_o which_o anon_o contract_v perfect_v by_o word_n be_v stipulation_n which_o be_v whole_o out_o of_o use_n we_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o of_o they_o then_o that_o before_o be_v hint_v the_o three_o kind_n of_o contract_n be_v these_o which_o have_v their_o force_n by_o write_n and_o therefore_o be_v call_v chyrographa_n the_o hand_n write_v or_o subscription_n of_o the_o debtor_n by_o which_o he_o acknowledge_v the_o receipt_n of_o so_o much_o money_n either_o in_o borrow_v or_o tocher_n and_o according_o be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v at_o his_o day_n or_o at_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o marriage_n these_o write_v for_o the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n after_o their_o date_n and_o delivery_n do_v not_o prove_v the_o recept_n of_o the_o money_n as_o they_o express_v but_o during_o that_o time_n if_o the_o creditor_n pursue_v thereupon_o he_o must_v prove_v the_o delivery_n of_o the_o money_n and_o the_o law_n presume_v that_o the_o write_v be_v give_v spe_fw-la numerandaepecuniae_fw-la upon_o hope_n of_o delivery_n of_o the_o money_n but_o after_o the_o two_o year_n it_o presume_v the_o money_n to_o be_v deliver_v and_o therefore_o than_o the_o write_n be_v 〈◊〉_d and_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o obligation_n whether_o the_o money_n be_v deliver_v or_o not_o after_o which_o the_o debtor_n can_v not_o prove_v the_o not_o delivery_n of_o the_o money_n even_o by_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o creditor_n l._n in_o contractibus_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr non_fw-fr numerata_fw-la pecunia_fw-la but_o this_o be_v also_o change_v with_o we_o and_o with_o the_o neighbour_n nation_n as_o baldimius_fw-la testify_v ad_fw-la titulum_fw-la just._n de_fw-fr lit_fw-fr oblige_v and_o boetius_fw-la de_fw-la consuetudine_fw-la do_fw-mi de_fw-fr jurisdic_n and_o rebuffus_n ad_fw-la proximum_fw-la con_v reg._n gloss_n 5._o num_fw-la 59_o so_o now_o the_o custom_n be_v that_o the_o write_v be_v not_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o obligation_n but_o be_v only_o a_o probation_n of_o the_o promise_n though_o in_o some_o case_n it_o be_v a_o necessary_a solemnity_n till_o which_o the_o party_n may_v resile_n as_o have_v be_v former_o show_v but_o the_o write_v be_v subscribe_v and_o deliver_v prove_v from_o its_o date_n and_o be_v valide_fw-la unless_o it_o be_v improven_v yet_o so_o as_o it_o admit_v contrair_a probation_n by_o the_o creditor_n oath_n or_o write_v though_o the_o write_v bear_v the_o numeration_n of_o money_n and_o do_v express_o renounce_v the_o exception_n of_o not_o numerate_v money_n the_o last_o kind_n of_o contract_n be_v these_o which_o be_v by_o sole_a consent_n as_o be_v the_o contract_n of_o sale_n location_n or_o hire_v society_n and_o mandate_n or_o commission_n but_o not_o only_o now_o these_o but_o all_o other_o promise_v and_o paction_n be_v valide_fw-la contract_n by_o sole_a consent_n except_o where_o write_n be_v requisite_a as_o be_v before_o express_v and_o this_o consent_n may_v be_v either_o express_v by_o word_n write_v or_o fact_n by_o do_v deed_n import_v consent_n which_o therefore_o be_v call_v homologation_n whereof_o acceptance_n of_o any_o right_n be_v a_o special_a kind_n and_o it_o take_v place_n in_o many_o case_n but_o it_o can_v take_v place_n unless_o it_o be_v prove_v or_o presume_v that_o the_o homologator_fw-la know_v the_o right_n and_o therefore_o a_o bond_n draw_v in_o name_n of_o several_a apprizer_n to_o communicate_v their_o right_n and_o subscribe_v by_o some_o find_v not_o homologat_v by_o one_o who_o subscribe_v not_o see_v it_o appear_v not_o that_o he_o know_v thereof_o though_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la he_o concur_v in_o pursuit_n with_o these_o apprizer_n to_o exclude_v other_o right_n july_n 6._o 1661._o telfair_n contra_fw-la maxtoun_n and_o cunninghame_n neither_o do_v homologation_n take_v place_n where_o the_o deed_n do_v may_v be_v attribute_n to_o another_o cause_n and_o so_o possess_v land_n whereof_o there_o be_v a_o infeftment_n grant_v in_o satisfaction_n of_o a_o wife_n contract_n be_v not_o infer_v where_o she_o be_v appearand_a heir_n to_o another_o person_n infeft_v december_n 12._o 1665._o christian_n barns_n contra_fw-la helen_n young_a but_o such_o a_o infeftment_n be_v find_v homologat_v by_o seven_o year_n possession_n and_o set_v several_a tack_n as_o liferenter_fw-la though_o there_o be_v a_o general_a obligement_n to_o infeft_a the_o wife_n in_o land_n of_o such_o a_o value_n none_o be_v express_v though_o it_o be_v not_o instruct_v that_o the_o warrant_n of_o the_o seize_v be_v ever_o know_v to_o the_o woman_n and_o only_o general_o mention_v in_o the_o band_n but_o her_o knowledge_n be_v presume_v after_o so_o many_o act_n november_n 14._o 1665._o barbara_n skein_n and_o mr._n david_n thores_fw-la contra_fw-la sir_n andrew_n ramsay_n neither_o be_v a_o debt_n find_v homologate_v by_o payment_n on_o a_o decreet_a be_v pronounce_v by_o the_o english_a officer_n before_o law_n be_v patent_n july_n 24._o 1661._o jack_n contra_fw-la fidde_n neither_o do_v payment_n of_o one_o article_n of_o a_o decret_a arbitral_n homologate_v other_o of_o a_o different_a nature_n november_n 22._o 1662._o pringle_n contra_fw-la dune_n homologation_n of_o a_o father_n legacy_n as_o to_o his_o child_n be_v infer_v by_o his_o relic_n confirm_v the_o testament_n without_o protestation_n not_o to_o approve_v that_o legacy_n february_n 19_o 1663._o bessie_n muir_n contra_fw-la jean_n stirling_n but_o where_o a_o relict_n in_o the_o confirmation_n protest_v not_o to_o prejudge_v she_o own_o right_n by_o a_o provision_n contain_v in_o the_o testament_n in_o favour_n of_o her_o daughter_n it_o be_v not_o find_v to_o homologate_v the_o same_o july_n 12._o 1671._o marjory_n murray_n contra_fw-la isobel_n murray_n homologation_n of_o a_o fewars_n right_o not_o infer_v by_o acceptance_n of_o two_o year_n duty_n after_o declarator_n of_o the_o nullity_n further_o than_o that_o no_o more_o can_v be_v demand_v for_o these_o two_o year_n june_n 6._o 1666._o earl_n of_o cassils_n contra_fw-la sir_n andrew_n agnew_n neither_o do_v the_o payment_n of_o some_o year_n annualrent_a homologat_v a_o decret_a of_o poind_v the_o ground_n as_o be_v a_o act_n necessary_a to_o shun_v poind_v of_o the_o tenant_n february_n 9_o 1672._o cockburn_n of_o piltoun_n contra_fw-la halyburtoun_n and_o burnet_n neither_o do_v a_o minister_n receive_v a_o tack_v duty_n of_o teind_n hinder_v he_o to_o reduce_v the_o tack_v thereafter_o as_o be_v without_o consent_n of_o the_o patron_n february_n 27._o 1668._o mr._n william_n
the_o virtuous_a and_o punishment_n to_o the_o vicious_a proportion_v to_o their_o act_n which_o be_v now_o almost_o whole_o devolve_v upon_o public_a authority_n little_a remain_v but_o encouragement_n and_o praise_n to_o the_o virtuous_a and_o discouragement_n and_o discountenance_n to_o the_o vicious_a commutative_a justice_n be_v the_o inclination_n to_o give_v every_o man_n his_o right_n and_o though_o the_o name_n be_v take_v from_o the_o interchange_n of_o private_a right_n yet_o it_o reach_v to_o all_o prestation_n which_o be_v not_o by_o way_n of_o reward_n or_o punishment_n there_o be_v nothing_o here_o propose_v but_o the_o private_a right_n of_o man_n it_o be_v only_o requisite_a to_o consider_v the_o law_n by_o which_o private_a right_n be_v constitute_v convey_v or_o destitute_a and_o these_o be_v either_o divine_a or_o humane_a 3._o divine_a law_n be_v that_o main_o which_o be_v write_v in_o man_n heart_n according_a to_o that_o of_o the_o apostle_n for_o when_o the_o gentile_n who_o have_v not_o the_o law_n to_o wit_n write_v in_o the_o word_n do_v by_o nature_n the_o thing_n contain_v in_o the_o law_n these_o be_v a_o law_n unto_o themselves_o which_o show_v the_o work_n of_o the_o law_n write_v in_o their_o heart_n their_o conscience_n also_o bear_v they_o witness_n and_o their_o thought_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n accuse_v or_o excuse_v one_o another_o this_o be_v call_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n because_o it_o be_v know_v natural_o either_o immediate_o like_v unto_o these_o instinct_n which_o be_v in_o the_o other_o creature_n whereby_o they_o know_v what_o be_v necessary_a for_o their_o preservation_n so_o the_o first_o principle_n of_o this_o natural_a law_n be_v know_v to_o man_n without_o reason_v or_o experience_n without_o art_n industry_n or_o education_n and_o so_o be_v know_v to_o man_n every_o where_o through_o the_o world_n though_o they_o keep_v no_o communion_n nor_o intercourse_n together_o which_o be_v a_o unanswerable_a demonstration_n of_o the_o be_v of_o this_o law_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v write_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n because_o law_n use_v to_o be_v write_v on_o pillar_n or_o table_n for_o certainty_n or_o conservation_n so_o this_o law_n be_v write_v by_o the_o finger_n of_o god_n upon_o man_n heart_n there_o to_o remain_v for_o ever_o such_o be_v the_o common_a practical_a principle_n that_o god_n be_v to_o be_v obey_v parent_n honour_v ourselves_o defend_v violence_n repulse_v child_n to_o be_v love_v educate_v and_o provide_v for_o 4._o with_o these_o common_a principle_n with_o which_o god_n have_v send_v man_n into_o the_o world_n he_o give_v they_o also_o reason_n that_o thence_o they_o may_v by_o consequence_n deduce_v his_o law_n in_o more_o particular_a case_n and_o this_o part_n of_o the_o natural_a law_n be_v call_v the_o light_n or_o law_n of_o reason_n it_o be_v call_v by_o solomon_n the_o candle_n of_o the_o lord_n search_v the_o inward_a part_n proverb_n 20._o verse_n 27._o 5._o this_o law_n be_v also_o call_v conscience_n which_o be_v say_v in_o the_o forecited_a place_n to_o bear_v witness_n and_o thereby_o our_o thought_n do_v either_o accuse_v or_o excuse_v one_o another_o according_a to_o the_o judgement_n or_o testimony_n we_o have_v of_o our_o own_o thought_n as_o good_a or_o evil_n consonant_a to_o or_o dissonant_n from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n shine_v in_o the_o heart_n this_o natural_a law_n as_o it_o be_v derive_v from_o these_o principle_n the_o near_a it_o be_v thereto_o it_o be_v the_o clear_a and_o by_o the_o more_o immediate_a consequence_n it_o be_v derive_v it_o be_v the_o sure_a for_o as_o the_o body_n in_o its_o progressive_a motion_n from_o one_o step_n to_o another_o walk_v sure_a by_o the_o short_a step_n so_o do_v the_o mind_n in_o deduce_v this_o divine_a law_n whence_o it_o be_v that_o this_o part_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v not_o equal_o evident_a to_o all_o man_n but_o the_o more_o of_o reason_n they_o have_v the_o more_o clearness_n they_o have_v of_o it_o which_o have_v make_v man_n of_o reason_n especial_o these_o who_o have_v exercise_v themselves_o in_o the_o inquiry_n of_o right_n to_o be_v have_v in_o high_a esteem_n and_o admiration_n among_o man_n who_o though_o their_o invention_n be_v not_o so_o eminent_a yet_o their_o judgement_n close_v and_o go_v along_o with_o that_o as_o have_v a_o native_a obligation_n in_o it_o and_o so_o many_o time_n these_o responsa_fw-la prudentium_fw-la have_v be_v receive_v with_o as_o much_o authority_n and_o more_o heartiness_n for_o law_n than_o the_o dictate_v of_o sovereign_n cicero_n in_o his_o oration_n pro_fw-la milone_n do_v excellent_o set_v forth_o and_o distinguish_v this_o natural_a law_n from_o positive_a law_n for_o say_v he_o hac_fw-la non_fw-la scripta_fw-la sed_fw-la nata_fw-la lex_fw-la quam_fw-la non_fw-la didicimus_fw-la accepimus_fw-la legimus_fw-la verum_fw-la ex_fw-la natura_fw-la ipsa_fw-la arripuimus_fw-la hausimus_fw-la expressimus_fw-la ad_fw-la quam_fw-la non_fw-la docti_fw-la sed_fw-la facti_fw-la non_fw-la instituti_fw-la sed_fw-la imbuti_fw-la sumus_fw-la ut_fw-la si_fw-la vita_fw-la nostra_fw-la in_o aliquas_fw-la insidias_fw-la si_fw-la in_o vim_o aut_fw-la in_o tela_fw-la aut_fw-la inimicorum_fw-la aut_fw-la latronum_fw-la inciderit_fw-la omnis_fw-la honesta_fw-la ratio_fw-la esset_fw-la expediendae_fw-la salutis_fw-la 6._o this_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v also_o call_v equity_n from_o that_o equality_n it_o keep_v in_o all_o person_n and_o be_v not_o frame_v or_o fit_v for_o the_o interest_n of_o any_o as_o many_o law_n of_o man_n choice_n be_v from_o the_o rigour_n whereof_o recourse_n ought_v to_o be_v have_v to_o this_o natural_a equity_n for_o though_o man_n law_n may_v be_v profitable_a and_o ne_o cessar_n for_o the_o most_o part_n yet_o be_v the_o invention_n of_o frail_a man_n there_o occur_v many_o casus_fw-la incogitati_fw-la wherein_o they_o serve_v not_o but_o equity_n take_v place_n and_o the_o limitation_n and_o fallancy_n extension_n and_o ampliation_n of_o humane_a law_n be_v bring_v from_o equity_n though_o equity_n be_v take_v some_o time_n for_o the_o moderation_n of_o the_o extremity_n of_o humane_a law_n yet_o it_o do_v true_o comprehend_v the_o whole_a law_n of_o nature_n otherwise_o it_o can_v not_o possible_o give_v remeid_v to_o the_o rigour_n and_o extremity_n of_o positive_a law_n in_o all_o case_n 7._o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v also_o term_v the_o moral_a law_n be_v the_o absolute_a and_o adequat_fw-la rule_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o man_n for_o all_o time_n place_n and_o person_n and_o this_o denomination_n it_o have_v common_o in_o opposition_n to_o the_o judicial_a and_o ceremonial_a law_n the_o roman_a law_n do_v sometime_o take_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n in_o a_o most_o strict_a sense_n as_o it_o exclude_v the_o law_n of_o reason_n and_o as_o it_o be_v found_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n in_o so_o far_o as_o be_v common_a with_o other_o animal_n and_o therefore_o they_o define_v it_o to_o be_v quod_fw-la natura_fw-la omne_fw-la animalia_fw-la docuit_fw-la as_o the_o conjunction_n of_o male_a and_o female_a or_o marriage_n the_o procreation_n or_o education_n of_o child_n etc._n etc._n but_o even_o in_o that_o law_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v extend_v and_o distinguish_v into_o the_o original_a and_o primitive_a law_n and_o that_o which_o be_v derive_v thence_o such_o as_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o there_o be_v more_o of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n found_v in_o the_o rational_a nature_n of_o man_n as_o he_o be_v a_o rational_a and_o sociable_a creature_n and_o even_o that_o which_o appear_v to_o be_v in_o the_o sensitive_a nature_n be_v true_o found_v in_o the_o rational_a nature_n and_o therefore_o be_v not_o proper_o communicable_a unto_o the_o beast_n who_o have_v no_o law_n but_o their_o natural_a instinct_n have_v only_o some_o resemblance_n to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o it_o be_v impress_v in_o our_o heart_n so_o in_o the_o goodness_n of_o god_n it_o be_v express_v in_o his_o word_n wherein_o he_o have_v not_o only_o hold_v forth_o these_o sacred_a mystery_n which_o can_v only_o be_v know_v by_o revelation_n as_o have_v no_o principle_n in_o nature_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v deducible_a but_o also_o because_o through_o sin_n and_o evil_a custom_n the_o natural_a law_n in_o man_n heart_n be_v much_o deface_v disorder_a and_o erroneous_o deduce_v he_o have_v therefore_o reprint_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n in_o a_o viver_n character_n in_o the_o scripture_n not_o only_o have_v the_o moral_a principle_n but_o many_o conclusion_n thence_o flow_v particular_o set_v forth_o this_o analogy_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n even_o in_o the_o heart_n of_o heathen_n and_o as_o it_o be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o law_n of_o god_n evidence_v sufficient_o that_o both_o of_o they_o proceed_v
from_o the_o same_o omniscient_a author_n 8._o beside_o this_o natural_a necessary_a and_o perpetual_a law_n god_n have_v also_o give_v to_o man_n voluntar_n and_o positive_a law_n which_o though_o not_o at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o man_n yet_o in_o themselves_o be_v mutable_a and_o as_o they_o have_v a_o beginning_n so_o some_o of_o they_o have_v and_o other_o of_o they_o shall_v have_v a_o end_n when_o the_o occasion_n exigence_n and_o utility_n for_o which_o they_o be_v constitute_v shall_v cease_v such_o be_v the_o ceremonial_a law_n which_o contain_v a_o figurative_a and_o typical_a administration_n of_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n shadow_v forth_o christ_n and_o his_o propitiatory_a sacrifice_n of_o himself_o now_o when_o the_o sun_n of_o righteousness_n have_v arisen_a these_o shadow_n have_v fly_v away_o and_o be_v in_o the_o scripture_n repeal_v in_o lieu_n whereof_o be_v the_o outward_a order_n of_o the_o worship_n and_o government_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n and_o the_o law_n of_o god_n relate_v thereto_o though_o we_o be_v to_o expect_v no_o change_n of_o they_o while_o time_n be_v and_o be_v as_o bind_v to_o all_o to_o who_o their_o line_n be_v go_v as_o the_o natural_a law_n yet_o be_v they_o no_o part_n of_o it_o for_o they_o be_v not_o write_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n nor_o deducible_a by_o reason_n from_o any_o such_o principle_n such_o be_v the_o sabbath_n on_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o week_n the_o particular_a office_n in_o the_o church_n their_o authority_n and_o maintenance_n for_o though_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v teach_v that_o god_n be_v to_o be_v acknowledge_v and_o adore_v yet_o the_o impower_a of_o some_o certain_a person_n to_o be_v leader_n in_o the_o public_a adoration_n and_o the_o fix_a time_n thereof_o either_o as_o it_o be_v under_o the_o law_n or_o as_o it_o be_v under_o the_o gospel_n can_v be_v reach_v thence_o but_o have_v its_o beginning_n and_o have_v be_v alter_v some_o also_o do_v account_n marriage_n and_o the_o degree_n forbid_v in_o levit._n to_o be_v a_o positive_a law_n of_o god_n though_o they_o acknowledge_v it_o not_o only_o to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o jew_n but_o to_o all_o man_n yet_o the_o natural_a and_o universal_a aversion_n of_o marriage_n in_o these_o degree_n and_o abhorrence_n of_o that_o brutish_a commixtion_n without_o discretion_n of_o degree_n which_o be_v observe_v in_o all_o nation_n who_o corrupt_a custom_n have_v not_o so_o far_o deprave_v as_o to_o forget_v not_o only_o this_o but_o most_o of_o the_o uncontroverted_a law_n of_o nature_n do_v sufficient_o evince_v the_o contrair_a for_o if_o parent_n and_o posterity_n be_v all_o account_v as_o one_o degree_n there_o be_v nothing_o prohibit_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n but_o the_o very_a next_o degree_n of_o these_o who_o be_v in_o the_o place_n of_o parent_n as_o uncle_n and_o aunt_n or_o in_o the_o place_n of_o child_n as_o nephew_n neices_n or_o brethren_n and_o sister_n so_o that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o doubt_n but_o the_o prohibition_n of_o commixtion_n of_o ascendant_n and_o descendants_n be_v pure_o natural_a 9_o the_o prime_a positive_a law_n of_o god_n be_v the_o judicial_a law_n which_o god_n by_o the_o ministry_n of_o moses_n prescribe_v to_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n wherein_o the_o lord_n be_v please_v to_o be_v the_o particular_a lawgiver_n and_o judge_n of_o that_o people_n who_o he_o have_v choose_v from_o among_o all_o nation_n for_o a_o peculiar_a people_n to_o himself_o and_o to_o who_o inclination_n it_o be_v befit_v there_o be_v not_o a_o few_o who_o esteem_v the_o judicial_a law_n obliege_v to_o all_o nation_n main_o because_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v in_o the_o gospel_n to_o be_v abolish_v as_o the_o ceremonial_a law_n be_v and_o because_o of_o its_o excellency_n beyond_o the_o law_n of_o heathen_n or_o other_o man_n who_o may_v not_o only_o err_v in_o expediency_n render_v their_o law_n unprofitable_a but_o also_o may_v make_v they_o unjust_a and_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o immutable_a moral_a law_n of_o nature_n which_o reason_n do_v sufficient_o infer_v that_o in_o the_o constitution_n of_o humane_a law_n chief_a respect_n ought_v to_o be_v have_v to_o the_o judicial_a law_n of_o god_n and_o they_o assume_v where_o the_o inclination_n of_o the_o people_n and_o their_o condition_n do_v not_o render_v they_o inconvenient_a but_o that_o these_o law_n be_v accommodate_v unto_o their_o proper_a temper_n be_v evident_a in_o the_o law_n concern_v the_o bill_n of_o divorcement_n which_o bear_v to_o be_v permit_v for_o the_o hardness_n of_o their_o heart_n which_o be_v natural_a and_o peculiar_a to_o they_o of_o jealousy_n and_o bitterness_n against_o their_o wife_n therefore_o the_o lord_n not_o only_o appoint_v trial_n neither_o natural_a necessary_a nor_o accustom_v elsewhere_o by_o those_o token_n of_o virginity_n for_o evidence_v the_o wife_n faithfulness_n in_o not_o give_v a_o pollute_a woman_n for_o a_o chaste_a but_o also_o the_o extraordinar_n and_o miraculous_a trial_n by_o the_o water_n of_o jealousy_n and_o therefore_o christ_n do_v express_o abrogate_v that_o law_n and_o show_v we_o that_o moses_n do_v not_o command_v to_o divorce_n but_o for_o the_o hardness_n of_o their_o heart_n only_o permit_v it_o and_o do_v command_v that_o when_o the_o husband_n will_v put_v away_o his_o wife_n he_o shall_v give_v she_o a_o bill_n of_o divorce_n but_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o the_o judicial_a law_n be_v in_o itself_o a_o law_n to_o all_o nation_n or_o that_o the_o lord_n purpose_v it_o so_o to_o be_v but_o on_o the_o contrar_n it_o appear_v that_o his_o purpose_n be_v only_o to_o deliver_v it_o for_o a_o peculiar_a law_n to_o israel_n when_o he_o say_v what_o nation_n be_v so_o great_a that_o have_v statute_n and_o judgement_n sorighteous_a as_o be_v all_o this_o law_n which_o i_o set_v before_o you_o this_o day_n deut._n 4._o vers_fw-la 8._o and_o again_o he_o show_v his_o word_n unto_o jacob_n his_o statute_n and_o judgement_n to_o israel_n he_o have_v not_o deal_v so_o with_o every_o nation_n and_o as_o for_o his_o judgement_n they_o have_v not_o know_v they_o psal._n 147._o vers_fw-la 19_o and_o therefore_o the_o same_o law_n be_v not_o to_o israelite_n and_o to_o stranger_n even_o to_o proselyte_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o matter_n of_o usury_n and_o bondage_n which_o be_v allow_v as_o to_o stranger_n but_o the_o former_a simple_o forbid_v and_o the_o latter_a limit_v as_o to_o israelit_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o necessity_n of_o a_o abolition_n express_v of_o this_o law_n in_o the_o gospel_n see_v it_o be_v not_o give_v to_o all_o nation_n and_o it_o do_v yet_o bind_v the_o jew_n so_o far_o as_o it_o do_v not_o build_v upon_o the_o ceremonial_a law_n and_o therefore_o that_o part_n of_o the_o judicial_a law_n which_o be_v found_v upon_o or_o conducible_a to_o the_o moral_a law_n may_v be_v well_o receive_v by_o other_o nation_n to_o who_o inclination_n the_o same_o expediency_n will_v agree_v as_o most_o of_o the_o criminal_a law_n be_v and_o though_o they_o can_v suit_v with_o the_o frame_n and_o current_n of_o the_o law_n already_o establish_v yet_o will_v they_o be_v far_o from_o make_v up_o a_o law_n to_o rule_v any_o nation_n now_o after_o man_n pravity_n have_v so_o much_o increase_v vice_n and_o deceit_n that_o which_o be_v sufficient_a in_o the_o simplicity_n of_o these_o time_n will_v come_v far_o short_a 10._o humane_a law_n be_v that_o which_o for_o utility_n sake_n be_v introduce_v by_o man_n which_o be_v either_o by_o tacit_n consent_n by_o consuetude_n or_o custom_n or_o by_o express_a will_n or_o command_n of_o these_o in_o authority_n have_v the_o legislative_a power_n and_o these_o be_v ofttimes_o write_v though_o sometime_o also_o they_o be_v not_o write_v as_o be_v lycurgus_n law_n which_o not_o only_o be_v not_o write_v but_o a_o law_n against_o it_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v write_v hence_o be_v the_o distinction_n of_o law_n in_o write_v and_o unwritten_a because_o of_o their_o original_a for_o ex_fw-la post_fw-la facto_fw-la custom_n or_o other_o unwritten_a law_n may_v be_v write_v by_o private_a person_n but_o they_o be_v not_o at_o first_o write_v by_o the_o law_n giver_n it_o be_v true_a the_o law_n be_v sometime_o strict_o take_v in_o opposition_n to_o custom_n as_o it_o comprehend_v equity_n or_o the_o natural_a law_n and_o the_o edict_n and_o statute_n of_o nation_n and_o their_o law_n giver_n and_o sometime_o more_o strict_o as_o in_o the_o vulgar_a distinction_n of_o law_n statute_n and_o custom_n in_o which_o law_n signify_v equity_n or_o the_o common_a law_n as_o statute_n and_o custom_n do_v the_o peculiar_a recent_a law_n of_o several_a nation_n and_o though_o that_o be_v only_o the_o law_n of_o man_n which_o be_v voluntar_n and_o positive_a constitute_v by_o
short_o after_o this_o great_a perfection_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n in_o the_o time_n of_o phocas_n the_o emperor_n who_o reign_v four_o after_o justinian_n and_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 565._o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v oppress_v by_o the_o irruption_n of_o the_o goth_n and_o longobard_n the_o roman_a law_n do_v also_o lie_v under_o ash_n above_o the_o space_n of_o five_o hundred_o year_n until_o a_o new_a shape_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v set_v up_o in_o germany_n lothaius_fw-la the_o emperor_n who_o flourish_v in_o the_o eleven_o century_n do_v again_o revive_v and_o restore_v the_o roman_a law_n which_o thence_o be_v every_o where_o teach_v in_o the_o school_n and_o enlarge_v with_o more_o vast_a heap_n of_o commentary_n and_o treatise_n than_o be_v these_o of_o the_o ancient_n lawyer_n though_o not_o claim_v the_o like_a authority_n 12._o in_o the_o interim_n do_v the_o feudal_n law_n or_o custom_n take_v rise_v among_o the_o longobard_n and_o other_o nation_n who_o have_v expulse_v out_o of_o italy_n the_o roman_a empire_n be_v willing_a to_o change_v their_o barbarity_n and_o to_o be_v successor_n to_o the_o roman_n in_o seat_n and_o civility_n and_o that_o they_o may_v maintain_v their_o conquest_n give_v out_o all_o their_o land_n to_o their_o soldier_n and_o assecl_n as_o benefice_n to_o they_o for_o their_o service_n and_o assistance_n in_o their_o war_n the_o example_n of_o which_o and_o the_o new_a interest_n it_o afford_v to_o sovereign_n to_o have_v all_o their_o territory_n to_o hold_v of_o themselves_o and_o most_o of_o their_o subject_n by_o that_o new_a relation_n to_o become_v their_o feudatar_n and_o vassal_n have_v give_v the_o feudal_n law_n wing_n whereby_o it_o have_v spread_v itself_o over_o most_o of_o the_o world_n 13._o in_o the_o decline_a also_o of_o the_o roman_a empire_n the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n have_v mount_v himself_o unto_o the_o imperial_a eminence_n of_o universal_a bishop_n do_v in_o imitation_n of_o the_o emperor_n cause_n compile_v the_o cannon_n law_n and_o first_o that_o part_n which_o be_v call_v decretum_fw-la which_o be_v perfeit_v by_o gratian_n the_o monk_n out_o of_o the_o father_n doctor_n and_o counsel_n though_o much_o throw_v and_o vitiat_fw-la towards_o the_o interest_n and_o error_n of_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o after_o the_o decretal_n be_v compile_v by_o pope_n gregory_n the_o nine_o out_o of_o the_o decretal_a epistle_n of_o the_o pope_n which_o boniface_n the_o eight_o augment_v by_o addition_n of_o the_o six_o book_n of_o the_o decretal_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v in_o imitation_n of_o the_o digest_v make_v of_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o ancient_a lawyer_n and_o it_o out_o of_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o father_n doctor_n and_o council_n of_o the_o church_n and_o the_o latter_a in_o resemblance_n of_o the_o codex_fw-la compact_v of_o the_o rescript_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o that_o nothing_o may_v be_v improportional_a unto_o the_o noval_n constitution_n do_v answer_v the_o clementins_n and_o extravagant_n this_o pontifical_a law_n extend_v unto_o all_o person_n and_o thing_n belong_v to_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o separate_v from_o the_o laity_n all_o thing_n that_o may_v relate_v to_o pious_a uses_n or_o which_o may_v be_v claim_v to_o be_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o his_o holiness_n as_o orphan_n the_o will_n of_o defunct_n the_o matter_n of_o marriage_n and_o divorce_n all_o which_o he_o have_v obtain_v to_o be_v exempt_v from_o the_o civil_a authority_n of_o these_o sovereign_n who_o be_v devote_v to_o that_o see_n these_o thing_n be_v holy_a be_v not_o to_o be_v temerat_fw-la by_o the_o profane_a hand_n of_o prince_n or_o free_a people_n and_o so_o deep_o have_v this_o canon_n law_n be_v root_v that_o even_o where_o the_o pope_n authority_n be_v reject_v yet_o consideration_n must_v be_v have_v to_o these_o law_n not_o only_o as_o to_o these_o by_o which_o church_n benefice_n have_v be_v erect_v and_o order_v but_o as_o to_o these_o which_o contain_v many_o equitable_a and_o profitable_a law_n which_o because_o of_o their_o weighty_a matter_n and_o be_v once_o receive_v may_v more_o fit_o be_v retain_v than_o reject_v 14._o before_o we_o come_v to_o the_o custom_n of_o scotland_n there_o lie_v this_o block_n in_o the_o way_n of_o all_o humane_a law_n that_o see_v as_o have_v be_v say_v equity_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o reason_n be_v perfect_a and_o perpetual_a all_o law_n of_o man_n constitution_n seem_v not_o only_o to_o be_v dangerous_a in_o that_o they_o may_v impinge_a upon_o the_o perfect_a law_n of_o god_n but_o also_o to_o be_v useless_a and_o unprofitable_a see_v man_n may_v live_v better_o and_o more_o safe_o by_o the_o divine_a dictate_v of_o god_n write_v in_o our_o heart_n than_o by_o the_o device_n of_o man_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v think_v that_o those_o who_o in_o stead_n thereof_o embrace_v the_o law_n of_o man_n may_v meet_v with_o the_o reproof_n of_o the_o israelite_n who_o be_v say_v to_o reject_v god_n from_o reign_v over_o they_o this_o reason_n be_v so_o press_v that_o if_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o of_o reason_n be_v equal_o know_v to_o all_o man_n or_o that_o the_o dispenser_n thereofcould_n be_v find_v so_o know_v and_o so_o just_a as_o man_n will_v and_o aught_o to_o have_v full_a confidence_n and_o quietness_n in_o their_o sentence_n it_o will_v not_o only_o be_v a_o folly_n but_o a_o fault_n to_o admit_v of_o any_o other_o law_n but_o the_o prime_a interest_n of_o man_n be_v to_o enjoy_v their_o right_n not_o only_o in_o safety_n and_o security_n but_o in_o confidence_n and_o quietness_n of_o mind_n that_o they_o may_v clear_o know_v what_o be_v their_o right_n and_o may_v enjoy_v the_o same_o therefore_o humane_a law_n be_v add_v not_o to_o take_v away_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o of_o reason_n but_o some_o of_o the_o effect_n thereof_o which_o be_v in_o our_o power_n and_o therefore_o as_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n man_n be_v a_o free_a creature_n yet_o so_o as_o he_o may_v engage_v himself_o and_o be_v engage_v by_o the_o same_o law_n of_o nature_n he_o must_v perform_v so_o man_n law_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o public_a sponsion_n of_o the_o people_n which_o therefore_o even_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n they_o may_v and_o must_v perform_v and_o therefore_o be_v they_o introduce_v first_o for_o clear_v and_o condescend_v on_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o of_o reason_n such_o law_n can_v none_o quarrel_v because_o they_o do_v not_o alter_v but_o declare_v equity_n and_o that_o very_o necessary_o because_o though_o equity_n be_v very_o clear_a in_o its_o principle_n and_o in_o thesi_fw-la yet_o the_o deduction_n of_o reason_n further_o from_o the_o fountain_n through_o the_o bias_n and_o corruption_n of_o interest_n may_v make_v it_o much_o more_o dubious_a in_o hypothesi_fw-la when_o it_o come_v to_o the_o decision_n of_o a_o particular_a case_n in_o all_o its_o circumstance_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a it_o be_v so_o fix_v and_o clear_v by_o statute_n and_o custom_n suitable_a thereto_o that_o the_o people_n may_v be_v secure_v second_o there_o be_v many_o point_n of_o right_n competent_a to_o man_n in_o equity_n as_o it_o may_v be_v more_o profitable_a for_o the_o people_n to_o forbear_v the_o pursuance_n of_o they_o than_o to_o be_v at_o the_o trouble_n and_o expense_n of_o the_o pursuit_n as_o when_o humane_a law_n do_v cut_v offmatter_n of_o less_o concernment_n and_o in_o they_o rathertake_v themselves_o to_o the_o honesty_n of_o their_o party_n than_o to_o compulsion_n by_o remeid_n of_o law_n such_o be_v the_o remuneratory_n obligation_n of_o gratitude_n and_o the_o inward_a obligation_n of_o the_o mind_n as_o of_o affection_n love_n kindness_n etc._n etc._n according_a to_o the_o proverb_n we_o can_v poind_v for_o unkindness_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o there_o be_v more_o such_o obligation_n than_o be_v the_o obligation_n relate_v to_o outward_a performance_n of_o some_o palpable_a or_o sensible_a thing_n and_o it_o may_v easy_o appear_v what_o vexation_n it_o may_v breed_v if_o not_o only_o the_o latter_a but_o also_o the_o former_a may_v all_o be_v pursue_v and_o extort_a by_o compulsion_n of_o law_n and_o none_o can_v think_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n injure_v because_o of_o common_a consent_n man_n will_v spare_v themselves_o the_o labour_n to_o pursue_v those_o thing_n which_o they_o may_v easy_o dispense_v with_o and_o so_o likewise_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n though_o by_o the_o moral_a law_n we_o be_v oblige_v to_o love_v our_o neighbour_n as_o ourselves_o from_o whence_o arise_v duty_n of_o charity_n and_o mercy_n assistance_n and_o relief_n yet_o for_o the_o most_o part_n man_n do_v not_o compel_v for_o the_o negative_a of_o these_o command_n but_o only_o for_o the_o
that_o god_n be_v to_o be_v obey_v by_o man_n 2._o that_o man_n be_v a_o free_a creature_n have_v power_n to_o dispose_v of_o himself_o and_o of_o all_o thing_n in_o so_o far_o as_o by_o his_o obedience_n to_o god_n he_o be_v not_o restrain_v 3._o that_o this_o freedom_n of_o man_n be_v in_o his_o own_o power_n and_o may_v be_v restrain_v by_o his_o voluntar_n engagement_n which_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o fulfil_v or_o take_v they_o up_o more_o summarily_a the_o first_o principle_n of_o right_o be_v obedience_n freedom_n and_o engagement_n there_o be_v also_o three_o prime_a principle_n of_o the_o positive_a law_n who_o aim_n and_o terest_n be_v the_o profit_n and_o utility_n of_o man_n as_o the_o natural_a law_n be_v in_o equo_fw-la so_o the_o positive_a law_n be_v in_o bono_fw-mi or_o utili_fw-la and_o upon_o those_o two_o leg_n do_v justice_n move_v in_o give_v every_o man_n his_o right_n if_o man_n have_v not_o fall_v there_o have_v be_v no_o distinction_n betwixt_o bonum_fw-la and_o equum_fw-la nor_o have_v there_o be_v anything_o more_o profitable_a than_o the_o full_a follow_v of_o the_o natural_a law_n but_o man_n be_v now_o deprave_v and_o want_v justice_n or_o that_o willingness_n to_o give_v every_o man_n his_o right_n and_o apt_a to_o fraud_n or_o force_n therefore_o in_o this_o estate_n it_o be_v profitable_a for_o he_o to_o quit_v something_o of_o that_o which_o by_o equity_n be_v his_o due_n for_o peace_n and_o quietness_n sake_n rather_o than_o to_o use_v compulsion_n and_o quarrel_v in_o all_o thing_n and_o to_o find_v out_o expedient_n and_o help_v to_o make_v equity_n effectual_a and_o therefore_o to_o make_v up_o society_n of_o man_n that_o they_o may_v mutual_o defend_v one_o another_o and_o procure_v to_o one_o another_o their_o right_n and_o also_o to_o set_v clear_a limit_n to_o every_o man_n property_n and_o to_o maintain_v traffic_n and_o commerce_n among_o themselves_o and_o with_o other_o so_o that_o the_o three_o principle_n of_o positive_a law_n may_v be_v society_n property_n and_o commerce_n the_o principle_n of_o equity_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o right_n and_o law_n the_o principle_n of_o positive_a law_n be_v the_o final_a cause_n or_o end_n for_o which_o law_n be_v make_v and_o right_n constitute_v and_o order_v and_o all_o of_o they_o may_v aim_v at_o the_o maintenance_n flourish_v and_o peace_n of_o society_n the_o security_n of_o property_n and_o the_o freedom_n of_o commerce_n and_o so_o the_o narrative_n of_o statute_n do_v common_o bear_v the_o motive_n introductory_n towards_o some_o of_o these_o head_n 18._o obedience_n be_v that_o submission_n and_o sequacity_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o will_n of_o man_n to_o the_o authority_n and_o will_n of_o his_o maker_n immediate_o obliege_v without_o any_o tie_n upon_o he_o by_o himself_o intimate_v to_o he_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n light_n of_o reason_n and_o the_o conscience_n whereby_o man_n distinguish_v betwixt_o right_n and_o wrong_n betwixt_o what_o be_v duty_n and_o what_o be_v not_o duty_n hence_o do_v arise_v these_o obligation_n upon_o man_n which_o be_v not_o by_o his_o own_o consent_n or_o engagement_n nor_o by_o the_o will_n of_o man_n but_o by_o the_o will_n of_o god_n and_o therefore_o these_o be_v fit_o call_v obediential_a obligation_n the_o first_o and_o most_o general_a of_o these_o be_v to_o love_v the_o lord_n our_o god_n with_o all_o our_o heart_n and_o our_o neighbour_n as_o ourselves_o upon_o which_o say_v our_o saviour_n hang_v all_o the_o law_n and_o the_o prophet_n matth._n 22._o vers_fw-la 40._o which_o be_v a_o clear_a demonstration_n from_o his_o mouth_n of_o the_o dependence_n of_o the_o moral_a law_n upon_o this_o principle_n such_o be_v also_o the_o obligation_n betwixt_o husband_n and_o wife_n parent_n and_o child_n and_o the_o obligation_n of_o restitution_n reparation_n and_o remuneration_n in_o all_o which_o we_o be_v engage_v not_o by_o our_o will_n and_o consent_n and_o such_o be_v the_o obligation_n which_o the_o civilian_n call_v quasi_fw-la ex_fw-la contractu_fw-la because_o they_o find_v they_o obligatory_a and_o yet_o not_o by_o contract_n and_o not_o advert_v this_o their_o rise_n from_o obedience_n reduce_v they_o to_o contract_n by_o a_o qua_v 19_o where_o obedience_n end_v there_o freedom_n begin_v and_o man_n by_o nature_n be_v free_a in_o all_o thing_n where_o this_o obedience_n have_v not_o tie_v he_o until_o he_o oblige_v himself_o it_o be_v a_o great_a mercy_n to_o man_n that_o god_n have_v oblige_v he_o only_o in_o a_o few_o necessary_a moral_a duty_n and_o have_v leave_v he_o free_a in_o much_o more_o without_o any_o tie_n upon_o he_o as_o to_o the_o matter_n but_o with_o a_o liberty_n ad_fw-la contradictoria_fw-la that_o he_o may_v do_v or_o not_o do_v and_o ad_fw-la contraria_fw-la that_o he_o may_v do_v this_o or_o the_o contrair_n provide_v that_o whatsoever_o he_o do_v even_o where_o he_o be_v free_a be_v order_v and_o direct_v to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n it_o have_v be_v the_o opinion_n of_o some_o both_o learned_a and_o pious_a that_o there_o be_v nothing_o indifferent_a in_o actu_fw-la exercito_fw-la or_o as_o it_o be_v invest_v with_o the_o circumstance_n but_o that_o then_o every_o thing_n be_v a_o duty_n or_o a_o sin_n and_o that_o because_o all_o thing_n must_v be_v do_v to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n and_o to_o mutual_a edification_n from_o whence_o there_o be_v no_o exception_n and_o so_o be_v not_o free_a that_o we_o must_v make_v account_n of_o every_o idle_a word_n and_o that_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o try_v all_o thing_n and_o to_o hold_v that_o which_o be_v best_a these_o reason_n indeed_o conclude_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o free_a as_o to_o this_o contradiction_n either_o to_o be_v do_v to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n or_o not_o and_o to_o edification_n and_o use_v or_o not_o but_o do_v not_o conclude_v that_o there_o be_v duty_n or_o necessity_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o action_n itself_o of_o which_o either_o part_n of_o the_o contradiction_n may_v be_v choose_v so_o that_o either_o part_n be_v useful_a and_o order_v to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n as_o say_v the_o apostle_n he_o that_o observe_v a_o day_n observe_v it_o to_o the_o lord_n and_o he_o that_o observe_v not_o do_v so_o to_o the_o lord_n and_o likewife_n in_o that_o undeniable_a instance_n of_o marriage_n wherein_o the_o apostle_n debate_v of_o the_o conveniency_n to_o marry_v or_o not_o to_o marry_o do_v conclude_v so_o that_o he_o that_o marry_v do_v well_o but_o he_o that_o marry_v not_o do_v better_a whereby_o both_o part_n of_o the_o contradiction_n be_v approven_v and_o that_o which_o be_v less_o profitable_a be_v say_v to_o be_v well_o do_v therefore_o there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n betwixt_o duty_n which_o be_v necessary_a and_o wherein_o we_o be_v oblige_v though_o we_o mistake_v or_o be_v wilful_o ignorant_a by_o the_o very_a weight_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o absoluteness_n of_o the_o command_n wherein_o the_o order_n of_o what_o be_v forbid_v to_o god_n glory_n will_v not_o justify_v as_o we_o may_v not_o do_v evil_a that_o good_a may_v come_v of_o it_o as_o those_o who_o kill_v the_o apostle_n be_v far_o from_o be_v justify_v though_o they_o think_v they_o do_v god_n good_a service_n thereby_o these_o thing_n be_v bona_fw-la honesta_fw-la &_o mala_fw-la inhonesta_fw-la but_o matter_n of_o expediency_n be_v but_o bona_fw-la utilia_fw-la or_o mala_fw-la inutilia_fw-la and_o not_o inhonesta_fw-la and_o therefore_o our_o duty_n in_o these_o be_v that_o which_o we_o conceive_v most_o to_o be_v for_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n and_o good_a of_o ourselves_o and_o other_o but_o if_o we_o do_v mistake_v and_o choose_v that_o which_o be_v less_o expedient_a for_o these_o end_n we_o be_v free_a god_n seem_v to_o do_v with_o man_n as_o prince_n do_v with_o their_o ambassador_n to_o who_o they_o give_v some_o express_a instruction_n wherein_o they_o have_v no_o latitude_n in_o their_o negotiation_n and_o for_o the_o rest_n to_o do_v as_o they_o shall_v judge_v most_o fit_a upon_o the_o place_n wherein_o if_o act_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la they_o mistake_v and_o do_v not_o that_o which_o be_v most_o fit_a they_o be_v not_o culpable_a so_o man_n be_v send_v into_o the_o world_n to_o behold_v the_o work_n of_o god_n and_o to_o glorify_v he_o for_o do_v whereof_o he_o have_v some_o rule_n write_v in_o his_o heart_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o in_o the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o for_o the_o rest_n be_v allow_v to_o do_v as_o he_o conceive_v most_o conducible_a thereto_o that_o whether_o heeat_a or_o drink_v or_o whatsoever_o else_o he_o do_v he_o do_v all_o to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n it_o be_v a_o sad_a rack_n to_o the_o conscience_n of_o man_n if_o their_o error_n and_o mistake_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o
inconsistency_n if_o that_o power_n be_v in_o many_o and_o so_o behove_v to_o resolve_v in_o a_o management_n by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o wife_n 4._o the_o degree_n in_o which_o marriage_n be_v allow_v or_o forbid_v be_v by_o divine_a institution_n for_o the_o next_o degree_n collateral_a be_v only_o forbid_v for_o of_o asscendents_n and_o descendants_n there_o be_v proper_o no_o degree_n the_o great_a grandmother_n be_v in_o that_o regard_n as_o near_o as_o the_o mother_n and_o so_o the_o next_o collateral_a to_o all_o ascendant_n and_o descendants_n be_v in_o the_o same_o degree_n with_o brother_n and_o sister_n and_o uncle_n and_o aunt_n nephew_n and_o niece_n be_v alike_o in_o the_o propinquity_n of_o blood_n with_o these_o and_o the_o great_a grandmother_n sister_n with_o the_o mother_n sister_n else_o if_o these_o be_v different_a degree_n there_o will_v many_o degree_n intervene_v betwixt_o a_o person_n and_o his_o great_a grand_a aunt_n but_o that_o there_o be_v a_o natural_a abhorrence_n of_o that_o promiscuous_a commixtion_n of_o blood_n it_o be_v common_o acknowledge_v over_o all_o the_o world_n as_o to_o all_o ascendant_n and_o descendants_n and_o as_o to_o the_o next_o collateral_n the_o word_n of_o god_n clear_v it_o not_o to_o have_v be_v a_o positive_a law_n give_v to_o the_o jew_n but_o to_o have_v be_v a_o common_a law_n to_o the_o gentile_n also_o and_o therefore_o leu._n 18._o where_o the_o degree_n of_o marriage_n be_v express_v and_o unlawful_a commixtion_n forbid_v it_o be_v subjoin_v v_o 24_o 25._o defile_v not_o yourselves_o in_o any_o of_o these_o thing_n for_o in_o all_o these_o the_o nation_n be_v defile_v which_o i_o cast_v out_o before_o you_o and_o the_o land_n be_v defile_v therefore_o do_v i_o visit_v the_o iniquity_n thereof_o upon_o it_o but_o unless_o these_o degree_n of_o prohibit_v marriage_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n write_v in_o man_n heart_n or_o a_o common_a positive_a law_n know_v to_o the_o nation_n the_o lord_n who_o have_v declare_v that_o he_o will_v judge_v man_n by_o that_o law_n which_o be_v know_v will_v not_o so_o have_v judge_v the_o caananite_n 5._o the_o perpetuity_n of_o marriage_n be_v also_o evident_a by_o our_o saviour_n sentence_n against_o arbitrary_a divorce_n which_o be_v permit_v by_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n for_o the_o hardness_n of_o that_o people_n heart_n but_o the_o lord_n clear_v up_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o nature_n from_o the_o beginning_n it_o be_v not_o so_o which_o show_v the_o perpetuity_n of_o that_o law_n and_o that_o it_o be_v before_o the_o judicial_a law_n and_o therefore_o he_o conclude_v that_o whosoever_o put_v away_o his_o wife_n except_o for_o fornication_n be_v a_o adulterer_n 11._o for_o understanding_n of_o these_o conjugal_a right_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a 1._o to_o consider_v the_o constitution_n of_o marriage_n 2._o the_o dissolution_n of_o it_o 3._o the_o right_n and_o interest_n thence_o arise_v for_o the_o first_o marriage_n be_v define_v by_o modestinus_n to_o be_v the_o conjunction_n of_o man_n and_o woman_n to_o be_v consort_n for_o all_o their_o life_n with_o a_o communication_n of_o right_n divine_a and_o humane_a l._n 1._o ff_n de_fw-fr ritu_fw-la nuptiarum_fw-la so_o the_o essence_n of_o it_o consist_v in_o the_o conjugal_a society_n the_o special_a nature_n of_o which_o society_n appear_v by_o the_o state_n interest_n and_o term_n that_o the_o marry_a person_n have_v thereby_o it_o may_v be_v question_v whether_o the_o conjunction_n wherein_o marriage_n consist_v be_v a_o conjunction_n of_o mind_n by_o mutual_a consent_n to_o the_o marry_a state_n and_o that_o whether_o private_o or_o in_o the_o public_a solemnity_n or_o whether_o rather_o it_o be_v a_o conjunction_n or_o commixtion_n of_o body_n for_o clear_v whereof_o consider_v that_o it_o be_v not_o every_o consent_n to_o the_o marry_a state_n that_o make_v matrimony_n but_o a_o consent_n de_fw-fr presenti_fw-la and_o not_o a_o promise_n de_fw-fr futuro_fw-la matrimonio_fw-la for_o this_o promise_n be_v only_o the_o espousal_n which_o be_v premise_v to_o marriage_n and_o that_o so_o solemn_a a_o act_n may_v be_v with_o due_a deliberation_n and_o therefore_o though_o as_o other_o promise_n and_o paction_n espousal_n be_v natural_o obligatorie_n and_o effectual_a also_o by_o the_o canon_n law_n whereby_o the_o espouse_a person_n may_v be_v compel_v to_o perfect_v the_o marriage_n unless_o there_o arise_v some_o eminent_a discovery_n of_o the_o corruption_n or_o pollution_n of_o either_o party_n or_o defect_n or_o deformity_n through_o sickness_n or_o some_o other_o accident_n c._n de_fw-fr literis_fw-la extravag_n de_fw-fr sponsalibus_fw-la &_o cap._n 2._o eodem_fw-la c._n ult_n de_fw-fr conjug_n yet_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n there_o be_v place_n for_o either_o party_n to_o repent_v and_o renunce_v the_o espousal_n l._n 1._o cod._n de_fw-fr sponsalibus_fw-la which_o be_v also_o the_o custom_n of_o this_o nation_n for_o marriage_n use_v not_o to_o be_v pursue_v before_o solemnization_n râ—_n integris_fw-la so_o that_o the_o matter_n itself_o consist_v not_o in_o the_o promise_n but_o in_o the_o present_a consent_n whereby_o they_o accept_v each_o other_o as_o husband_n and_o wife_n whether_o that_o be_v by_o word_n express_o or_o tacit_o by_o marital_a cohabitation_n or_o acknowledgement_n or_o by_o natural_a commixtion_n where_o there_o have_v be_v a_o promise_n or_o espousal_n proceed_v for_o therein_o be_v presume_v a_o conjugal_a consent_n the_o present_v the_o public_a solemnity_n be_v a_o matter_n of_o order_n just_o introduce_v by_o positive_a law_n for_o the_o certainty_n ofso_o important_a a_o contract_n but_o not_o essential_a to_o marriage_n thence_o arise_v only_o the_o distinction_n of_o public_a and_o solemn_a private_a or_o clandestine_v marriage_n and_o though_o the_o contraveener_n may_v be_v just_o punish_v as_o in_o some_o nation_n by_o the_o exclusion_n of_o the_o issue_n of_o such_o marriage_n from_o succession_n yet_o the_o marriage_n can_v be_v declare_v void_a and_o annul_v and_o such_o exclusion_n seem_v very_o unequal_a against_o the_o innocent_a child_n but_o by_o our_o custom_n cohabitation_n and_o be_v common_o repute_v man_n and_o wife_n validats_fw-fr the_o marriage_n and_o give_v the_o wife_n right_a to_o her_o terce_n who_o can_v be_v exclude_v therefrom_o if_o she_o be_v repute_v a_o lawful_a wife_n and_o not_o question_v during_o the_o husband_n life_n till_o the_o contrary_n be_v clear_o decern_v par._n 1503._o cap._n 77._o so_o also_o a_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v find_v valid_a against_o the_o husband_n heir_n though_o the_o marriage_n be_v never_o solemnize_v in_o kirk_n nor_o congregation_n hope_n t._n husband_n etc._n etc._n william_n barklay_n contra_fw-la anna_n naper_n the_o like_a find_v to_o exclude_v the_o bastardy_n of_o the_o child_n by_o the_o father_n and_o mother_n be_v repute_n marry_v and_o keep_v house_n and_o society_n together_o for_o several_a year_n nicolson_n de_fw-fr agnoscendis_fw-la liberis_fw-la brok_n contra_fw-la but_o the_o contrair_n be_v find_v where_o it_o be_v positive_o prove_v that_o the_o defunct_a have_v another_o wife_n ibid._n archibald_n chirnside_n contra_fw-la isobel_n grieve_n and_o john_n williamson_n so_o likewise_o in_o the_o former_a case_n a_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v find_v valid_a and_o the_o man_n thereby_o oblige_v to_o solemnize_v the_o marriage_n see_v he_o have_v procreate_v child_n with_o the_o woman_n and_o by_o his_o missive_n have_v acknowledge_v he_o have_v marry_v she_o though_o by_o a_o contract_n posterior_n to_o the_o contract_n of_o marriage_n she_o have_v renunce_v the_o same_o nicol._n de_fw-fr sponsalibus_fw-la barclay_n contra_fw-la janet_n kelly_n but_o where_o a_o man_n by_o his_o write_n have_v acknowledge_v that_o such_o a_o child_n be_v get_v under_o promise_n of_o marriage_n and_o promise_v to_o solemnize_v the_o same_o yet_o the_o lord_n on_o the_o man_n alledgance_n that_o the_o woman_n have_v bear_v a_o child_n to_o another_o and_o her_o answer_n that_o it_o behove_v to_o be_v presume_v he_o will_v not_o sustain_v that_o presumption_n without_o instruct_v their_o converse_v together_o medio_fw-la tempore_fw-la january_n 31._o 1665._o christian_n barclay_n contra_fw-la george_n baptie_a it_o be_v also_o find_v late_o relevant_a for_o validate_v a_o contract_n of_o marriage_n sixteen_o year_n cohabitation_n and_o be_v repute_n man_n and_o wife_n elizabeth_n grierson_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o craigdarroch_n as_o to_o the_o other_o point_n though_o the_o commixtion_n of_o body_n seem_v necessary_a for_o the_o constitution_n of_o affinity_n arise_v from_o marriage_n yet_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n be_v true_a consensus_fw-la non_fw-la coitus_fw-la facit_fw-la matrimonium_fw-la but_o this_o consent_n must_v special_o relate_v to_o that_o conjunction_n of_o body_n as_o be_v then_o in_o the_o consenter_n capacity_n otherwise_o it_o be_v void_a so_o the_o consent_n of_o person_n natural_o impotent_a or_o
death_n yea_o a_o wife_n be_v find_v to_o have_v right_a to_o the_o expense_n of_o childbed_n of_o a_o posthumus_fw-la child_n bear_v after_o the_o next_o term_n against_o the_o elder_a son_n though_o he_o be_v not_o heir_n but_o have_v a_o universal_a disposition_n of_o his_o father_n mean_n which_o be_v very_o considerable_a which_o disposition_n be_v grant_v after_o the_o posthumus_z child_n conception_n november_n 10._o 1671._o thomas_n hastie_n and_o barbara_n ker_n his_o mother_n contra_fw-la william_n hastie_n a_o wife_n have_v also_o her_o mourning_n if_o her_o quality_n require_v it_o out_o of_o her_o husband_n executry_n november_n 12._o 1664._o nicolas_n murray_n lady_n craigaffie_n contra_fw-la cornelius_n neilson_n july_n 7._o 1675._o agnes_n wilkie_n contra_fw-la christian_n morison_n and_o likewise_o if_o the_o wife_n predecease_n her_o executour_n have_v the_o half_a or_o three_o of_o her_o husband_n movable_n the_o best_a of_o every_o kind_n be_v set_v aside_o as_o heirship_v movable_n though_o there_o can_v be_v no_o heir_n for_o the_o time_n the_o husband_n be_v alive_a december_n 8._o 1668._o agnes_n guidlet_n contra_fw-la george_n nairn_n title_n v._o obligation_n between_o parent_n and_o child_n 1._o obligation_n betwixt_o parent_n and_o child_n be_v divine_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 2._o the_o power_n of_o parent_n over_o their_o child_n 3._o in_o infancy_n 4._o in_o minority_n 5._o in_o majority_n 6._o oeconomical_a government_n 7._o provision_n of_o child_n 8._o obligation_n of_o child_n to_o their_o parent_n 9_o aliment_n due_a to_o parent_n 10._o obligation_n mutual_a of_o child_n 11._o patria_fw-la potestas_fw-la among_o the_o roman_n 12._o among_o other_o nation_n especial_o as_o lawful_a administration_n 13._o forisfamiliation_n and_o emancipation_n that_o there_o be_v natural_a obligation_n betwixt_o parent_n and_o child_n not_o proceed_v from_o the_o consent_n of_o either_o party_n or_o from_o the_o constitution_n of_o any_o humane_a law_n but_o from_o the_o obedience_n man_n owe_v to_o his_o maker_n who_o have_v write_v this_o law_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o parent_n and_o child_n as_o to_o their_o interest_n and_o duty_n with_o capital_a letter_n be_v evident_a by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o all_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o world_n how_o barbarous_a soever_o though_o evil_a custom_n have_v put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o natural_a light_n in_o other_o thing_n yet_o in_o this_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n of_o righteousness_n be_v so_o direct_a that_o their_o illumination_n can_v be_v extinguish_v these_o obligation_n be_v so_o firm_a that_o in_o most_o thing_n they_o can_v be_v take_v off_o nor_o discharge_v by_o man_n though_o child_n will_v discharge_v their_o parent_n of_o natural_a affection_n education_n provision_n etc._n etc._n or_o parent_n will_v free_v their_o child_n of_o reverence_n obsequiousness_n and_o of_o entertainment_n of_o parent_n not_o able_a to_o entertain_v themselves_o yet_o will_v these_o obligation_n still_o be_v bind_v upon_o either_o these_o obligation_n be_v place_v in_o the_o common_a nature_n that_o man_n have_v with_o other_o animal_n and_o so_o be_v give_v as_o a_o evident_a instance_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n l._n 2._o ff_n de_fw-fr justitia_fw-la &_o jure_fw-la we_o shall_v then_o consider_v what_o these_o be_v and_o first_o what_o interest_n the_o parent_n have_v in_o the_o person_n of_o their_o child_n second_o in_o what_o they_o be_v natural_o boundto_a to_o their_o child_n three_o what_o interest_n the_o child_n have_v in_o the_o good_n of_o parent_n four_o what_o they_o natural_o do_v owe_v to_o their_o parent_n five_o what_o they_o be_v bind_v in_o to_o each_o other_o 2._o for_o the_o first_o ere_o we_o can_v distinct_o know_v the_o power_n parent_n have_v over_o their_o child_n we_o must_v distinguish_v the_o capacity_n and_o age_n of_o the_o child_n whereof_o there_o be_v three_o infancy_n or_o pupilarity_n minority_n or_o less_o age_n and_o majority_n or_o full_a age_n so_o do_v aristotle_n distinguish_v polit._n 1._o cap._n ult_n ethic._n l._n 4._o cap._n 3._o l._n 5._o cap._n 10._o and_o after_o he_o grotius_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la belli_fw-la &_o pacis_fw-la l._n 2._o cap._n 5._o 3._o infancy_n be_v when_o the_o child_n be_v without_o discretion_n and_o then_o be_v whole_o in_o the_o power_n of_o their_o parent_n who_o not_o only_o may_v but_o must_v carry_v they_o whither_o and_o keep_v they_o where_o they_o will_v and_o must_v also_o breed_v and_o order_v they_o according_a to_o their_o capacity_n mean_n and_o quality_n and_o this_o be_v rather_o a_o act_n of_o dominion_n in_o the_o parent_n the_o child_n be_v then_o capable_a of_o no_o obligation_n and_o therefore_o it_o can_v be_v receive_v by_o they_o from_o the_o parent_n as_o a_o obligation_n as_o it_o may_v thereafter_o be_v do_v during_o the_o child_n minority_n wherein_o there_o be_v a_o natural_a levity_n for_o want_v of_o fixedness_n and_o experience_n while_o the_o light_n of_o reason_n be_v but_o draw_v towards_o its_o meridian_n clearness_n 4._o it_o will_v not_o much_o be_v debate_v but_o the_o direction_n of_o child_n in_o their_o minority_n be_v natural_o state_v in_o their_o parent_n but_o the_o great_a question_n will_v remain_v of_o their_o full_a age_n when_o the_o child_n become_v able_a to_o govern_v themselves_o and_o their_o own_o affair_n and_o as_o to_o that_o it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o some_o that_o it_o stand_v alone_o inpietate_fw-la &_o reverentia_fw-la steph._n oeco.juris_fw-la civilis_fw-la cap._n 7._o and_o vinnius_n partitionum_fw-la l._n 1._o cap._n 7._o in_o principio_fw-la show_v that_o the_o custom_n of_o holland_n dissolve_v the_o power_n of_o father_n by_o the_o child_n age_n of_o 25._o 5._o whatsoever_o may_v arise_v from_o the_o custom_n of_o nation_n whereby_o the_o power_n of_o parent_n over_o their_o child_n in_o their_o full_a age_n be_v much_o diminish_v yet_o by_o the_o original_a and_o pure_a law_n of_o nature_n not_o only_o the_o tutory_a and_o protection_n of_o child_n infancy_n with_o the_o cure_n and_o direction_n of_o their_o minority_n be_v in_o their_o parent_n but_o there_o be_v also_o a_o oeconomick_a authority_n in_o the_o father_n of_o the_o family_n over_o all_o his_o child_n and_o descendant_n remain_v in_o his_o family_n who_o he_o have_v not_o elocat_fw-la by_o marriage_n which_o be_v also_o a_o natural_a bond_n unto_o other_o family_n whereby_o the_o female_n do_v natural_o change_v their_o family_n and_o become_v under_o the_o power_n of_o another_o family_n 6._o this_o be_v the_o only_a natural_a authority_n and_o government_n which_o have_v in_o itself_o all_o authority_n public_a private_a civil_a and_o criminal_a till_o by_o humane_a constitution_n and_o divine_a approbation_n most_o of_o that_o power_n be_v now_o devolve_v into_o magistracy_n this_o power_n be_v not_o only_o before_o magistracy_n but_o even_o thereafter_o remain_v with_o subordination_n thereto_o in_o most_o nation_n as_o caesar_n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la gallico_n lib._n 2._o write_v that_o among_o the_o gaul_n and_o belgae_n parent_n have_v the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n the_o like_a power_n have_v the_o roman_n ancient_o l._n in_o suis_fw-la haredibus_fw-la 11._o ff_n de_fw-fr liberis_fw-la &_o posthumis_fw-la l._n libertati_fw-la 10._o cod._n de_fw-fr patria_fw-la potestate_fw-la aristotle_n testify_v the_o like_a of_o the_o persian_n lib._n 8._o ethic._n cap._n 12._o and_o by_o the_o judicial_a law_n deut._n 21._o vers_fw-la 18._o the_o rebellious_a son_n who_o obeje_v not_o the_o voice_n of_o his_o father_n and_o mother_n be_v to_o be_v bring_v forth_o before_o the_o elder_n of_o that_o place_n and_o stone_v to_o death_n without_o other_o proof_n than_o the_o parent_n testimony_n so_o that_o the_o sentence_n be_v the_o parent_n though_o the_o execution_n be_v to_o be_v public_a such_o authority_n be_v that_o of_o the_o patriarch_n abraham_n isaac_n and_o jacob_n who_o with_o divine_a approbation_n make_v war_n peace_n and_o confederacy_n which_o be_v the_o public_a and_o proper_a right_n of_o magistracy_n and_o govern_v their_o own_o family_n without_o any_o authority_n derive_v from_o any_o other_o and_o though_o jacob_n family_n arise_v to_o that_o greatness_n that_o in_o it_o be_v many_o family_n yet_o he_o remain_v the_o father_n and_o prince_n of_o they_o all_o so_o that_o the_o several_a subordinat_a family_n have_v their_o subordinat_a authority_n over_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n and_o so_o their_o child_n be_v bind_v in_o obedience_n to_o they_o but_o with_o the_o exception_n of_o their_o superior_a parent_n to_o who_o the_o first_o obedience_n be_v due_a this_o native_a authority_n reach_v all_o child_n whether_o procreate_v of_o lawful_a marriage_n or_o not_o so_o that_o they_o be_v true_o know_v to_o be_v child_n because_o the_o same_o foundation_n and_o common_a principle_n and_o duty_n be_v in_o both_o though_o they_o have_v not_o the_o same_o interest_n
the_o person_n interdict_a december_n 21._o 1610._o lady_n broksmouth_n contra_fw-la relict_n of_o gilbert_n wauchop_n 43._o interdiction_n can_v be_v take_v off_o by_o consent_n of_o the_o interdictour_n or_o interdict_a person_n though_o they_o shall_v renounce_v or_o discharge_v they_o but_o only_o by_o the_o act_n of_o a_o judge_n competent_a find_v the_o ground_n thereof_o either_o not_o true_a or_o otherways_o that_o the_o person_n interdict_a be_v come_v to_o a_o more_o stable_a deportment_n hope_n interdict_v george_n anderson_n contra_fw-la interdictour_n of_o william_n craig_n december_n 4._o 1623._o gichan_n contra_fw-la hay_n and_o davidson_n which_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o inderdiction_n lay_v on_o by_o authority_n of_o a_o judge_n causa_fw-la cognita_fw-la title_n vii_o restitution_n 1._o restitution_n of_o other_o man_n good_n a_o natural_a obligation_n 2._o restitution_n be_v not_o sole_o a_o effect_n of_o property_n 3._o restitution_n of_o thing_n stray_v or_o waith_n and_o lose_v 4._o restitution_n of_o thing_n bona_fw-la fide_fw-la acquire_v not_o from_o the_o right_a owner_n 5._o restitution_n of_o thing_n recover_v from_o thief_n pirate_n and_o robber_n 6._o restitution_n not_o competent_a of_o thing_n recover_v from_o public_a enemy_n 7._o restitution_n of_o thing_n quae_fw-la cadunt_fw-la in_o non_fw-la causam_fw-la causa_fw-la data_fw-la &_o non_fw-la secuta_fw-la 8._o no_o restitution_n of_o thing_n give_v ob_fw-la turpem_fw-la causam_fw-la 9_o restitution_n of_o indebite_fw-la soluta_fw-la 10._o restitution_n reach_v also_o the_o fruit_n not_o consume_v 11._o restitution_n be_v ground_v on_o have_v and_o that_o cease_v without_o fault_n the_o obligation_n of_o restitution_n cease_v 12._o bonae_fw-la fidei_fw-la possessor_n facit_fw-la fructus_fw-la consumptos_fw-la suos_fw-la 13._o restitution_n by_o heir_n 14._o from_o restitution_n arise_v the_o action_n of_o exhibition_n and_o delivery_n 15._o thence_o arise_v division_n of_o thing_n common_a without_o society_n 1._o the_o obligation_n whereby_o man_n be_v hold_v to_o restore_v the_o proper_a good_n of_o other_o be_v place_v here_o among_o natural_a or_o obediential_a obligation_n because_o they_o be_v not_o by_o contract_n or_o consent_n neither_o have_v they_o their_o original_a from_o positive_a law_n for_o though_o there_o be_v no_o positive_a law_n these_o obligation_n will_v be_v bind_v and_o they_o be_v obligatory_a among_o person_n who_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o one_o positive_a law_n and_o therefore_o see_v they_o be_v not_o obligatory_a by_o the_o will_n or_o law_n of_o man_n of_o necessity_n they_o must_v have_v their_o original_a from_o the_o authority_n and_o command_n of_o god_n and_o that_o obedience_n we_o owe_v thereto_o by_o the_o law_n write_v in_o our_o heart_n we_o be_v not_o here_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o obligation_n of_o restitution_n which_o be_v by_o any_o voluntar_n engagement_n or_o which_o be_v by_o delinquence_n but_o of_o these_o only_a whereby_o that_o which_o be_v another_o come_n in_o our_o power_n without_o his_o purpose_n to_o gift_n it_o to_o we_o and_o yet_o without_o our_o fault_n aught_o to_o be_v restore_v as_o thing_n stray_v or_o find_v or_o recover_v from_o pirate_n thief_n etc._n etc._n or_o buy_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la or_o the_o like_a 2._o restitution_n of_o thing_n belong_v to_o other_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o property_n whence_o come_v the_o right_a of_o vindication_n or_o repartition_n of_o any_o thing_n but_o beside_o the_o real_a action_n the_o proprietar_n have_v to_o take_v or_o recover_v what_o be_v his_o own_o which_o do_v not_o direct_o concern_v any_o other_o person_n and_o so_o be_v no_o personal_a right_n have_v no_o correspondent_a obligation_n upon_o the_o have_v of_o that_o which_o be_v a_o other_o to_o restore_v it_o there_o be_v a_o personal_a right_n which_o be_v a_o power_n in_o the_o owner_n to_o demand_v it_o not_o only_a when_o it_o be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o haver_n but_o if_o he_o bathe_v fraudful_o put_v it_o away_o and_o yet_o it_o be_v his_o once_o have_v it_o that_o oblige_v he_o and_o his_o fraudulent_a away-putting_a though_o it_o be_v a_o delinquence_n yet_o it_o give_v not_o the_o rise_n to_o the_o obligation_n but_o only_o continue_v it_o in_o the_o same_o condition_n as_o if_o he_o yet_o have_v it_o so_o in_o that_o case_n his_o obligation_n be_v more_o palpable_a for_o vindication_n of_o the_o thing_n where_o it_o be_v not_o can_v take_v place_n proper_o the_o learned_a grotius_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la belli_fw-la l._n 2._o cap._n 10._o make_v such_o obligation_n as_o arise_v from_o dominion_n and_o property_n to_o be_v by_o tacit_n consent_n or_o contract_n whereby_o the_o nation_n who_o have_v agree_v to_o appropriate_a thing_n common_a to_o man_n have_v thereby_o also_o tacit_o agree_v that_o each_o man_n shall_v restore_v what_o be_v the_o property_n of_o a_o other_o yet_o this_o will_v not_o hold_v if_o we_o consider_v that_o though_o for_o the_o most_o part_n property_n be_v by_o consent_n yet_o in_o many_o thing_n it_o be_v without_o consent_n of_o the_o simple_a law_n of_o nature_n as_o thing_n which_o have_v their_o specification_n from_o their_o owner_n his_o skill_n and_o industry_n and_o other_o as_o will_v appear_v in_o its_o own_o place_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v most_o just_a and_o sure_a to_o attribute_v such_o obligation_n to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n write_v in_o our_o heart_n rather_o than_o unto_o any_o other_o conjecture_n of_o suppose_a consent_n to_o this_o agree_v the_o roman_a law_n which_o hold_v these_o obligation_n not_o to_o be_v ex_fw-la contractu_fw-la sed_fw-la quasi_fw-la ex_fw-la contractu_fw-la neither_o do_v account_v they_o obligation_n ex_fw-la lege_fw-la and_o if_o they_o be_v of_o tacit_n consent_n these_o obligation_n be_v ex_fw-la contractu_fw-la 3._o there_o be_v many_o way_n by_o which_o the_o thing_n of_o other_o may_v come_v to_o our_o hand_n without_o our_o fault_n or_o delinquence_n as_o first_o thing_n stray_v concern_v which_o the_o lord_n have_v ordain_v deut._n 22._o vers_fw-la 1_o 2_o 3._o to_o bring_v again_o unto_o their_o brethren_n that_o which_o go_v astray_o and_o if_o he_o be_v not_o near_o to_o keep_v it_o till_o he_o seek_v after_o it_o and_o then_o restore_v it_o and_o to_o do_v so_o with_o all_o thing_n lose_v by_o he_o wherein_o there_o seem_v something_o to_o be_v admix_v of_o positive_a law_n as_o the_o take_n of_o it_o home_o to_o he_o or_o keep_v of_o it_o for_o his_o brother_n whereas_o the_o simple_a natural_a obligation_n of_o restitution_n oblige_v to_o no_o duty_n of_o custody_n or_o pain_n but_o only_o not_o to_o conceal_v that_o which_o be_v a_o other_o and_o to_o restore_v it_o when_o demand_v and_o such_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o scotland_n that_o waith_n or_o stray_a good_n must_v be_v proclaim_v and_o intimate_v to_o be_v waith_n and_o if_o the_o owner_n make_v they_o appear_v to_o be_v his_o he_o may_v have_v they_o satisfy_v for_o what_o be_v ware_v upon_o they_o for_o their_o preservation_n as_o orass_n etc._n etc._n and_o if_o none_o appear_v within_o such_o a_o time_n custom_n have_v add_v that_o waith_n or_o stray_a good_n become_v public_a and_o escheat_n to_o the_o king_n or_o other_o to_o who_o he_o have_v dispone_v or_o commit_v that_o power_n and_o this_o intimation_n be_v so_o far_o requisite_a that_o if_o the_o good_n be_v meddle_v with_o or_o dispose_v of_o otherways_o it_o be_v theft_n but_o though_o the_o publication_n make_v the_o good_n public_a and_o the_o meddle_v therewith_o to_o be_v without_o fault_n so_o that_o if_o there_o do_v never_o any_o owner_n appear_v the_o thing_n do_v become_v real_o and_o absolute_o public_a and_o they_o do_v not_o become_v the_o possessor_n by_o that_o ancient_a law_n quod_fw-la nullius_fw-la est_fw-la sit_fw-la occupantis_fw-la which_o take_v place_n among_o we_o in_o thing_n which_o be_v never_o know_v to_o have_v a_o owner_n as_o pearl_n or_o stone_n find_v on_o the_o shore_n and_o many_o other_o but_o therefrom_o be_v except_v waith_n good_n and_o good_n by_o shipwreck_n which_o become_v escheat_n as_o public_a second_o thing_n lose_v of_o which_o we_o see_v the_o rule_n for_o israel_n deut._n 22._o how_o far_o they_o may_v be_v possess_v without_o delinquence_n in_o these_o our_o custom_n agree_v with_o the_o roman_a law_n and_o other_o nation_n except_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o waith_n and_o wrack_n good_n of_o which_o before_n that_o such_o thing_n be_v not_o conceal_v may_v remain_v with_o the_o possessor_n and_o if_o none_o claim_v they_o become_v their_o own_o and_o they_o may_v dispose_v of_o they_o if_o they_o can_v be_v convenient_o preserve_v without_o hazard_n 4._o three_o thing_n belong_v to_o other_o come_v to_o our_o hand_n without_o delinquence_n when_o we_o acquire_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la either_o the_o property_n use_n or_o security_n thereof_o by_o pledge_n or_o depositation_n
be_v sustain_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o infant_n who_o father_n die_v in_o possession_n and_o have_v a_o old_a infeftment_n albeit_o a_o decreet_a of_o remove_v be_v obtain_v against_o the_o mother_n they_o not_o be_v call_v nor_o be_v the_o ejecter_fw-la allow_v in_o hoc_fw-la 〈◊〉_d to_o dispute_v the_o infant_n right_o but_o spoliatus_fw-la be_v find_v instant_o to_o be_v restore_v to_o possession_n february_n 19_o 1663._o scot_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o home_n 27._o ejection_n or_o intrusion_n be_v exclude_v by_o allege_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi relinquish_v the_o possession_n or_o do_v voluntary_o remove_v especial_o if_o he_o be_v the_o 〈◊〉_d tennant_n july_n 2._o 1678._o laird_n of_o 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d which_o must_v be_v prove_v by_o write_n or_o oath_n of_o party_n if_o there_o be_v no_o matter_n of_o fact_n from_o whence_o the_o dereliction_n do_v evident_o appear_v as_o transport_v of_o the_o party_n good_n june_n 19_o 1634._o colonel_n ruthven_n contra_fw-la gairn_n this_o be_v also_o find_v prove_v by_o instrument_n and_o the_o witness_n insert_v though_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi libel_v violence_n contrair_a to_o the_o instrument_n hope_n ejection_n cunninghame_n contra_fw-la mcculloch_n and_o also_o find_v prove_v by_o a_o renunciation_n attest_v by_o a_o act_n of_o the_o defender_n court_n and_o other_o circumstance_n hope_v ejection_n laird_n of_o monyntusk_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n the_o like_a upon_o voluntary_a remove_n and_o renunce_v in_o the_o pursuer_n master_n court_n june_n 15._o 1610._o brown_n contra_fw-la 〈…〉_z it_o be_v also_o find_v probable_a by_o witness_n viz._n that_o the_o key_n be_v deliver_v though_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi offer_v to_o prove_v violence_n nicol._n de_fw-fr vi_fw-la bon_fw-fr rapt_a home_n contra_fw-la dickson_n and_o it_o be_v elide_v by_o voluntar_n remove_v or_o renunce_v after_o the_o defender_n entry_n but_o ejection_n be_v not_o elide_v by_o a_o personal_a obligement_n to_o possess_v the_o ejector_n or_o a_o decreet_a arbitral_n see_v the_o entry_n thereto_o be_v not_o by_o order_n of_o law_n or_o consent_n to_o possess_v spot_n arbiter_n wood_n contra_fw-la scot._n violent_a profit_n in_o ejection_n and_o intrusion_n within_o burgh_n be_v ordinary_o sustain_v for_o the_o double_a mail_n but_o in_o landward_o the_o violent_a profit_n be_v account_v by_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o seed_n the_o land_n can_v sow_v and_o the_o increase_v such_o land_n can_v yield_v deduce_v the_o expense_n of_o seed_n and_o labourage_n and_o the_o profit_v the_o sum_n can_v yield_v which_o the_o land_n can_v hold_v wherein_o be_v comprehend_v the_o calf_n and_o milk_n of_o cow_n and_o the_o wool_n lamb_n and_o milk_n of_o sheep_n deduce_v the_o expense_n of_o hirding_n in_o ejection_n and_o intrusion_n the_o defender_n must_v find_v caution_n for_o his_o violent_a profit_n at_o the_o first_o term_n after_o litiscontestation_n or_o otherways_o decreet_a be_v to_o be_v give_v against_o he_o parl._n 1594._o cap._n 217._o succeed_v in_o the_o vice_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o intrusion_n but_o because_o it_o be_v ordinary_o consequent_a upon_o remove_v it_o be_v speak_v to_o title_n tack_n 28._o molestation_n be_v the_o trouble_v of_o possession_n chief_o in_o and_o about_o march_n of_o land_n whereby_o the_o party_n injurer_n be_v oblige_v to_o refound_v the_o damnage_n to_o the_o party_n injure_v and_o the_o march_n be_v cognosce_v he_o will_v be_v decern_v to_o desist_v and_o cease_v from_o trouble_v in_o time_n come_v whereupon_o all_o execution_n personal_n be_v competent_a it_o be_v also_o competent_a when_o possession_n be_v trouble_v otherways_o and_o there_o be_v no_o special_a remeid_v at_o the_o heretors_n instance_n as_o upon_o take_v away_o the_o tenant_n corn_n upon_o the_o march_n november_n 30._o 1596._o laird_n of_o dalgety_n contra_fw-la the_o constable_n of_o dundee_n this_o be_v ordinary_o a_o mutual_a action_n and_o probation_n allow_v hinc_fw-la inde_fw-la for_o it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o roman_a action_n finium_fw-la regundorum_fw-la and_o in_o case_n of_o further_a trouble_n lawborrow_n and_o contravention_n will_v be_v sustain_v after_o the_o march_n be_v cognosce_v which_o otherways_o can_v have_v no_o effect_n while_o the_o march_n and_o possession_n be_v dubious_a the_o process_n whereby_o molestation_n be_v determine_v be_v call_v a_o cognition_n the_o whole_a course_n whereof_o be_v clear_o order_v and_o set_v down_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o session_n ratify_v in_o parl._n 1587._o cap._n 42._o whereby_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o molestation_n be_v of_o old_a decide_v by_o sheriff_n bailiff_n of_o regality_n and_o other_o judge_n ordinar_n where_o the_o land_n lay_v by_o the_o determination_n of_o a_o assize_n or_o inquest_n of_o the_o best_a and_o worthy_a of_o the_o country_n and_o they_o may_v be_v still_o so_o pursue_v but_o if_o before_o the_o session_n the_o lord_n be_v not_o to_o hear_v and_o determine_v the_o cause_n themselves_o but_o to_o remit_v the_o same_o to_o the_o judge_n ordinar_n or_o in_o case_n they_o be_v suspect_v to_o name_v other_o as_o judges_z delegat_v for_o that_o act_n except_o only_o in_o those_o molestation_n which_o do_v concern_v the_o lord_n of_o session_n which_o be_v to_o be_v hear_v and_o determine_v before_o themselves_o the_o say_v judge_n ordinar_n or_o delegat_v be_v first_o to_o hear_v party_n debate_v and_o to_o make_v litiscontestation_n and_o so_o much_o thereof_o as_o be_v find_v probable_a by_o witness_n be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o a_o inquest_n the_o most_o part_n whereof_o be_v to_o be_v landed-man_n worth_a three_o hundred_o mark_n of_o rent_n and_o above_o in_o the_o paroch_n where_o the_o land_n lay_v or_o fail_v they_o in_o the_o next_o adjacent_a paroch_n as_o be_v full_o set_v forth_o in_o the_o say_a statute_n in_o these_o cognition_n the_o superior_a must_v be_v call_v in_o all_o the_o diet_n of_o process_n hope_n cog_v calden_n contra_fw-la purvess_n of_o corfindie_n and_o if_o the_o cognition_n be_v pursue_v by_o a_o liferenter_fw-la â—or_a other_o the_o heretor_fw-la must_v be_v call_v or_o otherways_o the_o cognition_n be_v null_a ibid._n lord_n lothian_n contra_fw-la traquair_n 29._o breach_n of_o arrestment_n and_o deforcement_n be_v by_o our_o law_n and_o custom_n in_o all_o thing_n equiparat_fw-la both_o be_v violation_n of_o legal_a act_n and_o concern_v both_o it_o be_v statute_n par._n 1581._o cap._n 117._o that_o breaker_n of_o arrestment_n or_o the_o deforcer_n of_o poind_v or_o any_o other_o legal_a execution_n shall_v escheat_n all_o their_o whole_a movable_n and_o the_o party_n injure_v shall_v be_v first_o pay_v of_o his_o debt_n and_o damnage_n for_o which_o he_o shall_v have_v ready_a execution_n against_o the_o injurer_n which_o be_v further_o extend_v par._n 1592._o cap._n 150._o that_o the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o escheat_n of_o the_o movable_n shall_v belong_v to_o the_o party_n injure_v if_o the_o executer_n of_o the_o process_n or_o letter_n be_v deforce_v or_o molest_v in_o the_o execution_n which_o yet_o shall_v stand_v as_o a_o valid_a execution_n which_o must_v be_v understand_v in_o execution_n of_o summons_n or_o charge_n of_o horning_n though_o the_o latter_a act_n be_v more_o favourable_a to_o the_o injure_a yet_o be_v in_o his_o favour_n he_o may_v make_v use_n of_o the_o first_o which_o will_v infer_v a_o personal_a obligement_n upon_o the_o deforcer_n or_o breaker_n of_o arrestment_n to_o pay_v the_o sum_n due_a to_o the_o injure_v whereupon_o the_o arrestment_n or_o execution_n do_v proceed_v with_o the_o damnage_n and_o interest_n july_n 25._o 1633._o mitchel_n contra_fw-la law_n and_o stuart_n the_o like_a be_v find_v in_o the_o deforcement_n of_o a_o caption_n and_o that_o the_o pursuer_n have_v insist_v criminal_o ad_fw-la vindi_fw-la i_o be_o publicam_fw-la do_v not_o hinder_v he_o to_o insist_v civil_o for_o private_a interest_n december_n 13._o 1672._o murray_n contra_fw-la french_a of_o frenchland_n which_o take_v no_o place_n where_o the_o arrestment_n be_v not_o for_o debt_n but_o upon_o conravert_v right_n and_o possession_n which_o hinder_v not_o continuation_n of_o possession_n but_o only_a innovation_n as_o when_o tenant_n continue_v to_o pay_v controvert_v ferm_n to_o the_o former_a possessor_n june_n 10._o 1579._o king_n advocate_n and_o kirkaldy_n contra_fw-la tenant_n or_o the_o take_v away_o corn_n sow_v upon_o controvert_v ground_n the_o first_o year_n by_o the_o sour_a july_n 30._o 1566._o seaton_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o william_n foulis_n neither_o be_v it_o competent_a against_o any_o but_o those_o to_o who_o intimation_n of_o the_o arrestment_n or_o citation_n thereon_o be_v make_v ibid._n february_n 1574._o dawson_n contra_fw-la bairdie_n deforcement_n of_o a_o poynd_n be_v elide_v because_o the_o same_o be_v not_o do_v in_o lawful_a time_n of_o day_n but_o before_o the_o sun_n but_o not_o elide_v because_o the_o good_n be_v attest_v to_o pertain_v to_o another_o party_n who_o oath_n have_v
shall_v not_o insist_v in_o these_o because_o the_o common_a custom_n of_o nation_n have_v refile_v therefrom_o follow_v rather_o the_o canon_n law_n by_o which_o every_o paction_n produce_v action_n omne_fw-la verbum_fw-la de_fw-la ore_fw-la fideli_fw-la cadit_fw-la in_o debitum_fw-la c._n 1._o &_o 3._o de_fw-fr pactis_fw-la and_o so_o observe_v guidilinus_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la nou._n l._n 3._o cap._n 5._o §_o ust_o and_o corvinus_n de_fw-fr pactis_fw-la we_o have_v a_o special_a statute_n of_o session_n november_n 27._o 1592._o acknowledge_v all_o paction_n and_o promise_n as_o effectual_a so_o it_o have_v be_v ever_o decide_v since_o january_n 14._o 1631._o sharp_a contra_fw-la sharp_n 8._o and_o even_o pactum_fw-la corvinum_fw-la de_fw-la haereditate_fw-la viventis_fw-la be_v find_v bind_v though_o among_o the_o most_o odious_a july_n 6._o 1630._o mr._n james_n aikenhead_n contra_fw-la b_n we_o l._n but_o pactum_fw-la de_fw-la quota_fw-la litis_fw-la whether_o it_o be_v a_o naked_a paction_n or_o promise_n or_o a_o mutual_a contract_n be_v reject_v both_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o our_o custom_n whereby_o advocat_n in_o place_n of_o their_o honorary_a take_v a_o share_n of_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o plea_n to_o prevent_v the_o stir_v up_o and_o too_o much_o eagerness_n in_o plea_n which_o be_v extend_v to_o a_o agent_n or_o writer_n if_o he_o have_v make_v such_o a_o paction_n before_o or_o during_o the_o plea_n but_o not_o after_o all_o plea_n be_v end_v have_v give_v bond_n to_o a_o appear_v and_o heir_n to_o denude_v himself_o of_o a_o right_n he_o have_v acquire_v for_o sum_n of_o money_n get_v his_o expense_n and_o a_o four_o part_n for_o his_o pain_n and_o hazard_n february_n 24._o 1675._o catharine_n home_n contra_fw-la mr._n archibald_n nisbit_n writer_n yea_o a_o advocate_n take_v assignation_n to_o a_o part_n of_o a_o plea_n it_o be_v find_v pactum_fw-la de_fw-la quota_fw-la litis_fw-la and_o process_n be_v thereby_o exclude_v though_o propon_v by_o the_o debtor_n and_o not_o by_o the_o party_n with_o who_o the_o paction_n be_v make_v but_o it_o be_v not_o find_v probable_a by_o that_o party_n oath_n alone_o as_o be_v but_o one_o witness_n june_n 23._o 1680._o edward_n ruthven_n contra_fw-la mr._n william_n weir_n paction_n for_o money_n play_v or_o other_o prize_n play_v at_o game_n of_o fortoun_n such_o as_o card_n dice_n etc._n etc._n find_v valid_a as_o to_o the_o debtor_n but_o the_o excress_n to_o be_v consign_v for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o poor_a if_o it_o exceed_v a_o hundred_o mark_v by_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1621._o cap._n 14._o nevember_n 12._o 1668._o patrick_n park_n contra_fw-la nicol_n somervel_n instead_o of_o the_o remeid_n of_o stipulation_n the_o inconvenience_n that_o reject_v naked_a paction_n among_o the_o roman_n be_v remeided_a with_o we_o by_o this_o mean_n 9_o first_o if_o the_o matter_n be_v of_o great_a moment_n and_o which_o require_v to_o its_o perfection_n solemnity_n in_o write_n all_o such_o agreement_n promise_n and_o paction_n be_v account_v imperfect_a and_o not_o obligator_n until_o write_v be_v subscribe_v such_o as_o disposition_n of_o land_n and_o heritable_a right_n tack_n rental_n and_o assignation_n to_o writ_n etc._n etc._n in_o all_o which_o there_o be_v locus_fw-la penitentiae_fw-la even_o after_o the_o agreement_n and_o either_o party_n may_v resile_a till_o the_o write_v be_v subscribe_v and_o deliver_v it_o be_v so_o find_v though_o the_o buyer_n by_o a_o missive_n letter_n write_v that_o he_o think_v he_o will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o furnish_v the_o money_n but_o that_o he_o will_v not_o pass_v from_o the_o commune_n see_v there_o be_v no_o minute_n nor_o obligation_n otherways_o january_n 20._o 1663._o sir_n robert_n montgomery_n of_o skermor_o contra_fw-la john_n brown_n so_o be_v it_o also_o sound_a that_o a_o cautioner_n subscribe_v a_o bond_n may_v resile_a before_o it_o be_v deliver_v by_o he_o though_o it_o be_v subscribe_v and_o deliver_v by_o the_o principal_a and_o other_o cautioner_n before_o march_v 5._o 1628._o megil_n contra_fw-la thenilstoun_n the_o like_a of_o a_o disposition_n subscribe_v and_o leave_v in_o the_o writer_n hand_n to_o frame_v a_o charter_n by_o and_o a_o promise_n make_v after_o to_o abide_v by_o it_o see_v there_o be_v no_o delivery_n to_o the_o party_n nor_o to_o the_o writer_n to_o be_v give_v to_o he_o laird_n of_o innerleith_n contra_fw-la byres_n the_o like_a of_o a_o bargain_n of_o land_n agree_v upon_o by_o word_n some_o thing_n be_v do_v by_o the_o buyer_n in_o contemplation_n thereof_o be_v restore_v october_n 5._o 1628._o oliphant_n contra_fw-la monorgan_n the_o like_a in_o a_o tack_v for_o year_n which_o be_v find_v to_o endure_v but_o one_o year_n though_o the_o tacks-man_n be_v thereby_o in_o possession_n january_n 24._o 1630._o lowry_n contra_fw-la ker._n july_n 16._o 1636._o keith_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n yet_o a_o verbal_a tack_v for_o a_o year_n find_v not_o to_o be_v pass_v from_o see_v the_o tenant_n be_v thereby_o in_o possession_n and_o have_v be_v warn_v hope_n process_n john_n adamson_n contra_fw-la john_n fullartoun_n neither_o be_v it_o find_v competent_a to_o pass_v from_o a_o verbal_a rental_a where_o the_o grassoum_n be_v pay_v nicol._n de_fw-fr migrando_fw-la angus_n contra_fw-la mckie_n neither_o to_o pass_v from_o a_o rental_a deliver_v to_o the_o chamberlain_n to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o tenant_n upon_o payment_n of_o the_o grassoum_n in_o so_o far_o as_o concern_v these_o tenant_n who_o have_v pay_v a_o part_n of_o their_o grassoum_n nic._n remove_v eglintoun_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n neither_o be_v place_n find_v to_o resile_a from_o a_o transaction_n verbal_a see_v a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o soum_n transact_v for_o be_v satisfy_v february_n 25._o 1679._o king_n advocate_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o nithisdale_n neither_o be_v there_o locus_fw-la poenitentiae_fw-la in_o pactis_fw-la liberatoriis_fw-la where_o any_o right_n be_v pass_v from_o or_o restrict_v and_o no_o new_a right_o to_o be_v make_v december_n 5._o 1661._o helen_n hepburn_n contra_fw-la sir_n james_n hamiltoun_n of_o orbistoun_n the_o like_a in_o restrict_v a_o annualrent_n to_o a_o part_n of_o land_n affect_v therewith_o february_n 8._o 1666._o ker_n contra_fw-la hunter_n locus_fw-la poenitentiae_fw-la be_v find_v competent_a to_o a_o defender_n who_o produce_v a_o right_o grant_v by_o the_o charger_n with_o a_o blank_a assignation_n to_o instruct_v compensation_n which_o he_o get_v up_o before_o it_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o charger_n or_o any_o decreet_a thereon_o and_o no_o minute_n of_o the_o decreet_a be_v extant_a the_o suspender_n be_v find_v in_o tuto_fw-la to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o right_o compense_v on_o december_n 9_o 1674._o lord_n balmerino_n contra_fw-la the_o tenant_n of_o northberwick_n and_o creditor_n of_o sir_n william_n dick._n yea_o locus_fw-la poenitentiae_fw-la be_v find_v competent_a to_o resile_a from_o a_o bargain_n which_o may_v have_v be_v valid_a without_o write_n because_o it_o be_v express_o agree_v to_o be_v redact_v in_o write_n january_n 12._o 1676._o robert_n campbel_n contra_fw-la robert_n dowglas_n the_o other_o remedy_n we_o have_v in_o stead_n of_o stipulation_n be_v that_o by_o a_o statute_n of_o par._n 1579._o cap._n 80._o all_o write_v of_o great_a importance_n be_v to_o be_v subscribe_v by_o the_o party_n or_o by_o two_o nottar_n and_o four_o witness_n wherein_o custom_n have_v interpret_v matter_n of_o importance_n to_o be_v that_o which_o exceed_v a_o hundred_o pound_n scot_n and_o it_o be_v so_o far_o extend_v that_o in_o matter_n where_o write_v may_v and_o use_n to_o be_v adhibit_v probation_n be_v not_o admit_v by_o witness_n but_o only_o by_o oath_n of_o party_n or_o write_v by_o these_o remeid_n very_o necessary_o introduce_v the_o inconvenience_n aforesaid_a be_v sufficient_o caveat_n 10._o but_o to_o inquire_v whether_o promise_v or_o naked_a paction_n be_v moral_o obligatory_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n few_o do_v contravert_v yet_o conanus_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 6._o l._n 5._o c._n 9_o hold_v that_o promise_v or_o naked_a paction_n where_o there_o be_v no_o equivalent_a cause_n onerous_a interveen_n do_v moral_o produce_v no_o obligation_n or_o action_n though_o in_o congruity_n or_o decency_n it_o be_v fit_a to_o perform_v lest_o it_o be_v a_o argument_n of_o levity_n against_o which_o there_o be_v not_o only_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n which_o insinuat_v a_o anterior_a reason_n to_o its_o own_o position_n but_o also_o the_o civil_a law_n l._n 1._o ff_n de_fw-fr pactis_fw-la there_o be_v nothing_o so_o congruous_a to_o humane_a trust_n as_o to_o perform_v what_o be_v agree_v among_o they_o and_o the_o edict_n de_fw-fr constituta_fw-la pecunia_fw-la say_v it_o be_v suitable_a to_o natural_a equity_n and_o say_v far_a that_o he_o be_v debtor_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n who_o must_v pay_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n who_o faith_n we_o
the_o question_n be_v also_o move_v here_o whether_o the_o thing_n depositat_fw-la may_v be_v detain_v for_o the_o necessary_a and_o profitable_a expense_n ware_v upon_o it_o though_o law_n and_o most_o interpreter_n fovour_v the_o negative_a upon_o the_o same_o ground_n that_o compensation_n be_v exclude_v but_o the_o affirmative_a be_v prefer_v because_o as_o the_o contrary_a action_n be_v competent_a for_o the_o melioration_n so_o much_o more_o the_o exception_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o same_o contract_n and_o therefore_o the_o lord_n balmerino_n have_v by_o his_o own_o missive_n and_o back_o bond_n acknowledge_v that_o the_o estate_n of_o jedburgh_n be_v dispone_v to_o he_o in_o trust_n to_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o somerseat_n all_o the_o expense_n on_o the_o land_n or_o for_o somerseat_n in_o contemplation_n of_o the_o trust_n be_v find_v competent_a against_o bedford_n who_o have_v adjudge_v somerseat'_v right_o and_o in_o all_o case_n in_o the_o law_n where_o action_n be_v competent_a exception_n be_v also_o competent_a and_o so_o with_o we_o if_o instant_o verify_v among_o the_o roman_n there_o be_v a_o edict_n of_o the_o praetor_n in_o deposito_fw-la to_o this_o effect_n that_o depositar_n shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o restore_v or_o make_v up_o the_o single_a value_n but_o in_o thing_n depositat_fw-la through_o the_o present_a occasion_n of_o tumult_n fire_n fall_v of_o house_n or_o shipwreck_n in_o the_o case_n of_o not_o due_a restitution_n for_o the_o double_a l._n 1._o ff_n depositi_fw-la wherein_o there_o be_v much_o utility_n to_o secure_a person_n depositate_v of_o necessity_n in_o these_o deplorable_a case_n but_o it_o have_v not_o be_v allow_v by_o our_o custom_n as_o yet_o 56._o it_o may_v be_v question_v if_o any_o thing_n be_v depositate_fw-la to_o more_o depositar_n whether_o they_o be_v liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la so_o that_o the_o deponent_a may_v crave_v restitution_n or_o reparation_n from_o every_o one_o for_o the_o whole_a value_n or_o for_o his_o share_n only_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v clear_a for_o the_o affirmative_a that_o all_o be_v liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la l._n 1._o §_o 43._o eodem_fw-la and_o upon_o good_a reason_n because_o it_o be_v fidelity_n in_o preserve_v one_o individual_a thing_n that_o be_v undertake_v which_o therefore_o de_fw-fr natura_fw-la rei_fw-la must_v oblige_v every_o person_n to_o the_o whole_a see_v he_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o restore_v a_o part_n of_o the_o thing_n depositat_fw-la but_o the_o thing_n itself_o yet_o if_o the_o depositar_n be_v all_o solvendo_fw-la they_o be_v free_a pay_v their_o part_n the_o thing_n depositat_fw-la be_v money_n l._n 22._o si_fw-la duo_fw-la haeredes_fw-la ff_n depositi_fw-la but_o in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v not_o more_o depositar_n but_o more_o heir_n of_o a_o depositar_n and_o in_o this_o depositar_n and_o contutor_n differ_v that_o the_o diligence_n of_o these_o even_o as_o to_o their_o contutor_n be_v great_a than_o of_o the_o other_o this_o be_v consequent_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o depositation_n will_v no_o doubt_n be_v follow_v by_o we_o in_o deposito_fw-la in_o the_o law_n the_o deponent_a have_v beneficium_fw-la juramenti_fw-la in_o litem_fw-la or_o to_o prove_v the_o particular_n or_o quantity_n want_v and_o their_o value_n secundum_fw-la praetium_fw-la affectionis_fw-la because_o of_o the_o exuberance_n of_o trust_n in_o this_o contract_n l._n 1_o §_o 26._o ff_n depos_fw-la but_o not_o the_o depositar_n in_o the_o contrary_a action_n l._n 5._o eodem_fw-la where_o the_o reason_n be_v add_v because_o there_o be_v no_o breach_n of_o faith_n nor_o trust_n but_o damnage_n and_o reparation_n in_o question_n the_o depositar_n also_o detain_v be_v condemn_v become_v infamous_a l._n 1._o ff_n de_fw-mi his_o qui_fw-la infamia_fw-la notantur_fw-la hence_o it_o be_v from_o this_o trust_n that_o if_o a_o chest_n or_o other_o continent_n seal_v be_v depositat_fw-la action_n be_v competent_a for_o all_o that_o be_v therein_o show_v or_o not_o l._n 1._o §_o 41._o eodem_fw-la and_o therefore_o in_o such_o case_n the_o deponent_n oath_n in_o litem_fw-la must_v be_v take_v or_o else_o this_o interest_n perish_v which_o be_v suitable_a to_o our_o custom_n before_o menton_v in_o the_o case_n of_o innkeeper_n and_o there_o be_v good_a reason_n and_o equity_n pro_fw-la pretio_fw-la affectionis_fw-la but_o i_o have_v not_o observe_v it_o question_v or_o decide_v this_o be_v a_o contract_n of_o great_a trust_n restitution_n be_v to_o be_v make_v cum_fw-la omni_fw-la causa_fw-la as_o fruit_n and_o birth_n and_o annualrent_a post_fw-la moram_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n depositi_fw-la but_o annualrent_a with_o we_o be_v not_o due_a sine_fw-la pacto_fw-la but_o may_v be_v make_v good_a by_o modification_n of_o expense_n by_o the_o lord_n there_o be_v a_o frequent_a case_n of_o depositation_n of_o write_v before_o delivery_n thereof_o which_o therefore_o suspend_v their_o effect_n until_o the_o term_n of_o the_o depositation_n appear_v which_o be_v unquestionable_a by_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o party_n receiver_n of_o the_o write_v both_o that_o the_o write_v be_v not_o deliver_v but_o depositat_fw-la and_o also_o upon_o what_o term_n 57_o pledge_v either_o signify_v the_o thing_n impignorat_a or_o the_o contract_n of_o impignoration_n in_o the_o same_o way_n as_o pignus_fw-la in_o the_o law_n be_v take_v and_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o mandate_n whereby_o the_o debtor_n for_o his_o creditor_n security_n give_v he_o the_o pawn_n or_o thing_n impignorat_a to_o detain_v or_o keep_v it_o for_o his_o own_o security_n or_o in_o case_n of_o not_o payment_n of_o the_o debt_n to_o sell_v the_o pledge_n and_o pay_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o price_n and_o restore_v the_o rest_n or_o the_o pledge_n itself_o upon_o payment_n of_o the_o debt_n all_o which_o be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o mandate_n and_o it_o have_v not_o only_a custody_n in_o it_o but_o the_o power_n to_o dispone_v in_o the_o case_n of_o not_o payment_n but_o if_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o pledge_n be_v allot_v for_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o debt_n which_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v a_o mix_a contract_n have_v in_o it_o a_o mandate_n and_o the_o exchange_n of_o the_o usufruct_v or_o use_v of_o the_o pledge_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o debt_n 58._o this_o contract_n have_v this_o special_a in_o it_o that_o it_o be_v not_o mere_o to_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o constituent_a as_o ordinary_o mandate_n be_v but_o it_o be_v to_o the_o behoof_n of_o the_o hypothecar_fw-mi for_o his_o security_n and_o so_o end_v not_o with_o the_o death_n of_o either_o party_n nor_o be_v revockable_a as_o other_o mandate_n but_o pass_v to_o heir_n and_o assignays_n and_o therefore_o require_v great_a diligence_n than_o mandate_n viz._n such_o diligence_n as_o prudent_a man_n use_v in_o their_o affair_n but_o obliege_v not_o for_o the_o light_a fault_n l._n 23._o ff_n de_fw-fr reg_fw-la juris_fw-la this_o be_v also_o singular_a in_o wodset_n or_o impignoration_n that_o thereby_o there_o be_v constitute_v a_o real_a right_n in_o the_o pledge_n which_o no_o deed_n nor_o alienation_n of_o the_o constituent_n can_v alter_v or_o infringe_v which_o be_v not_o so_o in_o mandate_n or_o thing_n depositat_fw-la neither_o in_o location_n whereby_o there_o be_v only_o a_o personal_a right_n and_o if_o the_o property_n of_o the_o thing_n be_v alienat_fw-la from_o the_o constituent_a the_o personal_a right_o have_v no_o effect_n as_o to_o the_o thing_n about_o which_o it_o be_v constitute_v but_o there_o be_v here_o a_o real_a right_n of_o which_o hereafter_o among_o other_o real_a right_n 59_o we_o shall_v not_o insist_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o sale_n of_o pledge_n prescribe_v by_o the_o roman_a law_n and_o the_o intimation_n or_o denunciation_n requisite_a to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o debtor_n that_o be_v whole_o change_v by_o our_o custom_n for_o in_o wodset_n of_o land_n the_o wodsetter_n have_v a_o disposition_n of_o the_o property_n but_o with_o a_o reservation_n or_o paction_n to_o sell_v back_o again_o to_o the_o debtor_n upon_o payment_n of_o the_o debt_n and_o so_o the_o wodsetter_n can_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o impignoration_n sell_v the_o land_n and_o pay_v himself_o but_o all_o he_o can_v do_v be_v to_o affect_v the_o wodset_a land_n by_o legal_a diligence_n as_o a_o other_o creditor_n and_o if_o any_o other_o prevent_v he_o in_o diligence_n they_o acquire_v the_o right_n of_o reversion_n and_o no_o posterior_n diligence_n of_o he_o can_v take_v it_o away_o or_o capacitate_v he_o to_o acquire_v the_o full_a property_n of_o the_o pledge_n or_o to_o alienate_v it_o simple_o to_o another_o the_o like_a be_v in_o the_o impignoration_n of_o movable_n which_o can_v be_v thereby_o sell_v but_o the_o creditor_n may_v affect_v they_o by_o his_o legal_a diligence_n by_o poind_v thereof_o 60._o in_o impignoration_n either_o of_o heritable_a or_o movable_a right_n the_o
material_n be_v make_v use_n of_o bona_fw-la or_o mala_fw-la fide_fw-la yea_o though_o the_o material_n be_v affect_v with_o theft_n which_o in_o other_o case_n be_v labes_fw-la realis_fw-la the_o public_a interest_n will_v not_o suffer_v demolition_n but_o give_v the_o prior_n owner_n the_o value_n secundum_fw-la pretium_fw-la affectionis_fw-la and_o further_o punish_v the_o transgressor_n as_o the_o roman_a law_n give_v the_o double_a value_n but_o if_o before_o receive_v of_o that_o satisfaction_n the_o building_n become_v to_o be_v demolish_v there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o the_o owner_n of_o such_o material_n will_v recover_v the_o same_o rei_fw-la vindicatione_n upon_o the_o like_a ground_n of_o common_a utility_n the_o roman_a law_n do_v constitute_v property_n by_o contexture_n whereby_o the_o material_n wrought_v into_o cloth_n garment_n or_o other_o artifact_n do_v become_v the_o property_n of_o the_o owner_n of_o that_o artifact_n if_o without_o destruction_n thereof_o or_o considerable_a detriment_n thereto_o such_o material_n can_v not_o be_v separate_a therefrom_o in_o which_o they_o make_v no_o difference_n whether_o these_o material_n be_v make_v use_n of_o bona_fw-la or_o mala_fw-la fide_fw-la nor_o do_v the_o inherent_a labes_fw-la of_o material_n steal_v hinder_v the_o accession_n and_o appropriation_n thereof_o by_o contexture_n §_o 26._o instit_n de_fw-fr rerum_fw-la divisione_n but_o both_o in_o constructure_n and_o contexture_n he_o who_o thereby_o acquire_v the_o property_n of_o material_n belong_v to_o other_o owner_n see_v restitution_n thereof_o cease_v he_o be_v liable_a not_o only_o for_o recompense_n in_o quantum_fw-la locupletior_fw-la fastus_fw-la est_fw-la but_o also_o for_o reparation_n of_o the_o damage_n of_o the_o former_a owner_n in_o which_o the_o manner_n of_o acquisition_n be_v consider_v for_o if_o the_o material_n of_o other_o be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o constructure_n or_o contexture_n bona_fw-la fide_fw-la the_o orninar_a value_n thereof_o be_v only_o due_a but_o otherways_o the_o great_a value_n according_a to_o the_o estimation_n of_o the_o former_a owner_n per_fw-la pretium_fw-la affectionis_fw-la in_o contexture_n it_o be_v consider_v what_o be_v the_o design_n of_o the_o artefact_n that_o it_o may_v appear_v what_o it_o be_v principal_a and_o what_o it_o be_v accessary_a as_o in_o clothes_n the_o material_n though_o much_o more_o precious_a than_o the_o cloth_n be_v accessary_a thereto_o and_o the_o property_n of_o the_o whole_a befall_v not_o to_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o material_n but_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o clothes_n and_o precious_a stone_n set_v in_o ring_n be_v accessary_a thereto_o though_o more_o precious_a than_o the_o gold_n or_o other_o material_a of_o the_o ring_n but_o otherways_o if_o a_o gemm_n beset_v in_o gold_n the_o gold_n become_v accessary_a thereto_o and_o wherever_o the_o case_n be_v dubious_a that_o which_o be_v of_o great_a value_n carry_v the_o property_n of_o the_o whole_a albeit_o that_o contraversy_n have_v be_v seldom_o move_v with_o we_o as_o to_o constructure_n or_o contexture_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o we_o will_v proceed_v upon_o the_o like_a ground_n of_o equity_n and_o utility_n upon_o the_o like_a ground_n of_o accession_n question_n in_o relation_n to_o picture_n be_v to_o be_v resolve_v for_o if_o the_o ground_n broad_a or_o table_n of_o a_o picture_n belong_v to_o one_o and_o the_o same_o be_v paint_v by_o another_o either_o for_o his_o own_o use_n or_o for_o the_o use_n of_o a_o three_o party_n there_o do_v not_o continue_v two_o distinct_a property_n one_o of_o the_o broad_a and_o another_o of_o the_o picture_n nor_o a_o communion_n by_o proportion_n of_o interest_n but_o the_o property_n of_o the_o whole_a befall_v to_o one_o as_o to_o which_o there_o be_v a_o contrariety_n betwixt_o the_o two_o roman_a jurisconsults_a paulus_n and_o caius_n for_o paulus_n allow_v the_o picture_n to_o follow_v the_o broad_a as_o accessary_a thereto_o and_o carry_v therewith_o l._n in_o rem_fw-la 23._o §_o 3._o ff_n de_fw-fr rei_fw-la vindicatione_n but_o caius_n on_o the_o contrair_a attribute_v the_o broad_a as_o accessary_a to_o the_o picture_n l._n 9_o §_o 2._o ff_n de_fw-fr acquirendo_fw-la rerum_fw-la dominio_fw-la and_o both_o sentence_n be_v confirm_v by_o justinian_n in_o the_o digest_v in_o the_o institutes_n he_o prefer_v the_o opinion_n of_o caius_n §_o 34._o instit._fw-la de_fw-la rerum_fw-la divisione_n upon_o that_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v ridiculous_a that_o a_o precious_a picture_n of_o appelles_n shall_v follow_v a_o broad_a though_o of_o the_o low_a value_n albeit_o before_o precious_a stone_n though_o of_o great_a value_n than_o cloth_n be_v declare_v by_o he_o to_o be_v carry_v therewith_o positive_a law_n may_v determine_v the_o point_n either_o way_n without_o injustice_n according_a to_o equity_n and_o expediency_n but_o there_o be_v diverse_a case_n in_o the_o matter_n which_o shall_v be_v diverse_o resolve_v as_o first_o if_o any_o picture_n be_v paint_v upon_o a_o wall_n or_o other_o immovable_a it_o do_v necessary_o cede_fw-la to_o the_o ground_n thereof_o and_o quality_n wherever_o the_o picture_n be_v for_o ornament_n of_o its_o ground_n as_o when_o a_o scrine_n or_o cabin_n or_o the_o like_a movable_n be_v paint_v because_o the_o adorn_v of_o the_o ground_n be_v in_o that_o case_n design_v but_o a_o face_n or_o any_o other_o picture_n where_o the_o broad_a be_v only_o design_v for_o it_o the_o broad_a be_v most_o convenient_o esteem_v as_o accessary_a thereto_o and_o in_o all_o case_n the_o owner_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v liable_a in_o quantum_fw-la lucratus_fw-la est_fw-la even_o though_o the_o paint_n be_v do_v by_o he_o who_o know_v that_o the_o ground_n be_v not_o his_o own_o for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o presumption_n be_v not_o strong_a enough_o that_o he_o do_v it_o animo_fw-la donandi_fw-la for_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v that_o the_o make_v use_n of_o a_o inconsiderable_a broad_n of_o a_o other_o shall_v infer_v the_o purpose_n of_o gift_v a_o fine_a picture_n thereupon_o neither_o that_o they_o who_o paint_v a_o wall_n scrine_n or_o box_n of_o other_o be_v articens_n who_o work_n for_o profit_n do_v the_o same_o to_o gift_n but_o to_o oblige_v the_o other_o party_n write_v upon_o parchment_n paper_n or_o other_o table_n be_v by_o the_o rontan_n law_n account_v as_o accessary_a thereto_o instit._fw-la de_fw-la rerum_fw-la divisione_n §_o 33._o l._n 3._o §_o pen._n ff_o ad_fw-la exhibendum_fw-la which_o be_v very_a disionant_n from_o that_o which_o be_v there_o determine_v of_o picture_n and_o therefore_o be_v every_o where_o in_o desuetude_n as_o be_v observe_v by_o grotius_n minsynger_v and_o other_o both_z as_o to_o write_v and_o print_n in_o the_o same_o way_n as_o paint_v for_o if_o the_o write_n be_v upon_o the_o wall_n or_o other_o movable_n of_o another_o or_o if_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o book_n of_o other_o it_o cede_v thereto_o but_o if_o it_o be_v upon_o paper_n or_o parchment_n the_o design_n and_o use_v whereof_o be_v for_o write_v and_o the_o use_n whereof_o be_v consume_v and_o lose_v by_o write_v it_o do_v follow_v the_o write_n and_o it_o be_v very_o unreasonable_a to_o think_v that_o the_o evident_n and_o security_n of_o land_n or_o any_o manuscript_n shall_v be_v accessary_a to_o the_o paper_n or_o parchment_n whereon_o they_o be_v write_v and_o which_o be_v only_o design_v to_o bear_v and_o preserve_v the_o write_n 38._o it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o the_o roman_a law_n which_o we_o follow_v inedificatum_fw-la solo_fw-la cedit_fw-la for_o thereby_o all_o building_n of_o house_n wall_n wells_n dyk_n etc._n etc._n and_o general_o all_o thing_n fix_v to_o the_o ground_n be_v account_v as_o part_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o pass_v therewith_o though_o not_o express_v to_o all_o singular_a successor_n and_o not_o to_o executor_n but_o to_o heir_n and_o thence_o not_o only_o the_o material_n of_o other_o become_v the_o owner_n of_o the_o ground_n on_o which_o they_o be_v build_v and_o for_o preserve_v of_o policy_n can_v be_v demolish_v as_o have_v be_v say_v of_o constructure_n but_o likeways_o he_o that_o build_v with_o his_o own_o material_n upon_o another_o man_n ground_n the_o samin_n accresce_fw-it to_o the_o ground_n and_o if_o the_o owner_n of_o these_o material_n know_v the_o ground_n to_o be_v another_o the_o roman_a law_n give_v he_o no_o recompense_n therefore_o but_o presume_v it_o to_o be_v do_v animo_fw-la donandi_fw-la which_o be_v rather_o penal_a in_o hatred_n of_o these_o who_o encroach_v upon_o the_o ground_n of_o other_o then_o from_o any_o sufficient_a ground_n of_o presumption_n and_o therefore_o our_o custom_n do_v allow_v a_o recompense_n to_o the_o builder_n in_o so_o far_o as_o the_o heretor_fw-la be_v profit_v thereby_o in_o that_o he_o may_v get_v a_o great_a rent_n for_o that_o building_n but_o building_n by_o tenant_n of_o house_n for_o their_o own_o use_n though_o at_o
tacit_fw-la condition_n in_o feus_n 52._o liferent_n reserve_v in_o infeftment_n of_o propertie_n 53._o exception_n in_o infeftment_n how_o far_o effectual_a 54._o faculty_n reserve_v in_o infeftment_n 55._o burden_n of_o sum_n in_o infeftment_n how_o far_o effectual_a 56._o the_o effect_n of_o impossible_a or_o unlawful_a condition_n in_o infeftment_n 57_o condition_n inconsistent_a be_v null_n 58._o clause_n de_fw-fr non_fw-fr alienando_fw-la in_o tailzies_n 59_o clause_n restrictive_a and_o irritant_fw-la in_o tailzies_n 60._o regalia_z not_o express_v be_v not_o carry_v by_o infeftment_n 61._o regalia_z be_v carry_v in_o barony_n though_o not_o express_v 62._o jurisdiction_n and_o court_n 63._o jurisdiction_n of_o baron_n court_n how_o far_o restrict_v 64._o issue_n of_o baron_n court_v belong_v to_o themselves_o 65._o infeftment_n of_o constabulary_a 66._o fortalice_n how_o far_o extend_v 67._o forrestry_n 68_o hunt_v of_o deer_n inter_fw-la regalia_z 69._o salmond-fishing_a 70._o cruive_n 71._o milns_n 72._o privilege_n of_o brew_v 73._o part_n and_o pertinent_a 74._o wood_n and_o coal_n 75._o house_n and_o biggings_n and_o park_n dykes_n 76._o fowl_v hunt_v and_o fish_v 77._o cunningar_n 78._o dovecott_n 79._o free_a ish_n and_o entry_n 80._o herezeld_n 81._o steelbow-goods_a 82._o the_o effect_n of_o infeftment_n in_o possessorio_fw-la 83._o the_o effect_n of_o infeftment_n in_o petitorio_fw-la 84._o inhibition_n and_o their_o effect_n against_o infeftment_n the_o roman_a empire_n in_o italy_n be_v long_o oppress_v and_o at_o length_n suppress_v by_o the_o inundation_n of_o the_o longobard_n and_o other_o barbarous_a nation_n who_o seat_v themselves_o there_o and_o divide_v these_o beautiful_a courtrey_n among_o their_o captain_n and_o they_o subdivide_v the_o same_o to_o their_o soldier_n for_o their_o military_a service_n and_o as_o they_o be_v the_o author_n of_o this_o new_a right_n so_o they_o do_v term_v it_o by_o a_o new_a and_o barbarous_a name_n feudum_n which_o the_o german_n call_v fiff_a and_o we_o with_o the_o english_a call_v a_o fee_n concern_v which_o there_o be_v no_o common_a write_v law_n but_o the_o several_a province_n have_v their_o diverse_a custom_n as_o they_o think_v most_o suitable_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o right_n and_o their_o own_o utility_n these_o book_n annex_v to_o the_o civil_a law_n call_v libri_fw-la feudorum_fw-la though_o they_o have_v great_a respect_n among_o lawyer_n yet_o they_o be_v but_o the_o observation_n of_o private_a person_n and_o so_o not_o a_o write_v public_a law_n by_o the_o irruption_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o six_o century_n the_o civil_a law_n be_v sopit_fw-la for_o five_o hundred_o year_n it_o be_v revive_v in_o the_o eleven_o century_n and_o do_v take_v in_o with_o it_o the_o feudal_n custom_n which_o have_v be_v propagat_v through_o the_o most_o civil_a nation_n in_o the_o world_n not_o only_o for_o strengthen_v they_o towards_o war_n but_o because_o sovereign_n have_v thereby_o a_o new_a interest_n over_o their_o subject_n and_o inferior_n thereby_o become_v their_o feudatar_n and_o vassal_n owe_v always_o to_o they_o fidelity_n and_o oft_a follow_v as_o their_o client_n and_o assecles_n acknowledge_v they_o as_o their_o lord_n superior_n and_o paramount_n in_o their_o land_n and_o heretage_n which_o be_v all_o derive_v mediate_o or_o immediate_o from_o the_o sovereign_a authority_n as_o the_o common_a and_o supreme_a superior_a of_o all_o the_o subject_n who_o have_v any_o more_o than_o the_o right_n of_o unfixed_a movable_n 2._o and_o thereby_o also_o arise_v the_o feudal_n jurisdiction_n whereby_o not_o only_o the_o sovereign_a power_n but_o all_o superior_n do_v by_o the_o advice_n and_o assistance_n of_o their_o vassal_n who_o be_v call_v peer_n of_o their_o court_n order_n and_o determine_v all_o thing_n not_o only_o relate_v to_o themselves_o and_o their_o vassal_n but_o to_o all_o other_o who_o be_v local_o within_o their_o territory_n both_o in_o civil_n and_o criminal_n in_o so_o far_o as_o they_o derive_v jurisdiction_n civil_a or_o criminal_a from_o the_o sovereign_a power_n immediate_o or_o mediate_o no_o nation_n be_v more_o exact_a in_o this_o then_o scotland_n wherein_o the_o king_n as_o supreme_a superior_a rule_v by_o his_o vassal_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n in_o which_o at_o first_o all_o be_v personal_o present_a who_o hold_v land_n immediate_o of_o he_o as_o baron_n great_a and_o small_a freeholders_n and_o prelate_n for_o church-land_n the_o free_a burgh_n be_v also_o represent_v in_o parliament_n by_o their_o commissioner_n as_o hold_v their_o burgage_n land_n and_o their_o freedom_n and_o privilege_n of_o burgh_n as_o feudater_n of_o the_o king_n so_o that_o there_o be_v not_o one_o foot_n of_o ground_n in_o scotland_n who_o lord_n be_v not_o present_a in_o parliament_n but_o when_o fee_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n become_v subdivide_v or_o multiply_v two_o or_o more_o commissioner_n be_v admit_v in_o parliament_n in_o name_n of_o the_o mean_a baron_n and_o freeholders_n all_o be_v account_v great_a baron_n who_o hold_v a_o hundred_o mark_fw-mi land_n or_o above_o of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o rest_n mean_a baron_n par._n 1503._o cap._n 78._o so_o also_o other_o superior_n have_v their_o court_n consist_v of_o their_o vassal_n who_o be_v oblige_v to_o answer_v suit_n thereto_o who_o as_o a_o jury_n give_v doom_n and_o judgement_n of_o old_a when_o all_o matter_n proceed_v by_o jury_n or_o inquest_n as_o it_o be_v also_o in_o the_o king_n court_n by_o sheriff_n bailzy_n etc._n etc._n of_o which_o the_o shadow_n or_o formality_n yet_o remain_v of_o have_v a_o doomster_n as_o a_o member_n of_o court_n to_o pronounce_v sentence_n though_o inquest_n be_v in_o most_o thing_n lay_v aside_o through_o custom_n 3._o the_o very_a right_n of_o superiority_n carry_v this_o right_a of_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o vassal_n unless_o by_o their_o infeftment_n or_o prescription_n they_o be_v exempt_v our_o learned_a countryman_n mr._n thomas_n craig_n advocate_n have_v large_o and_o learned_o handle_v the_o feudal_n right_n of_o this_o and_o other_o nation_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr feudis_fw-la and_o therefore_o we_o shall_v only_o follow_v close_o what_o since_o his_o time_n by_o statute_n or_o custom_n have_v be_v clear_v or_o alter_v in_o feudal_n right_n which_o be_v very_o much_o for_o he_o have_v write_v in_o the_o year_n 1600._o there_o be_v since_o many_o statute_n and_o variety_n of_o case_n which_o do_v occur_v and_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o have_v be_v de_fw-fr recenti_fw-la observe_v as_o they_o be_v do_v by_o the_o most_o eminent_a of_o the_o lord_n and_o lawyer_n as_o by_o haddingtoun_n who_o be_v precedent_n of_o the_o session_n and_o by_o precedent_n spotswood_n and_o by_o dury_n who_o continue_v in_o the_o session_n from_o the_o year_n 1620._o until_o his_o death_n in_o the_o year_n 1642._o and_o though_o these_o decision_n have_v be_v intermit_v since_o that_o time_n till_o the_o king_n return_n the_o loss_n be_v not_o great_a these_o time_n be_v troublesome_a and_o great_a alteration_n of_o the_o lord_n but_o the_o decision_n of_o the_o lord_n have_v be_v constant_o observe_v since_o the_o king_n return_n by_o which_o most_o of_o the_o feudal_n question_n be_v determine_v and_o these_o thing_n which_o craig_n can_v but_o conjecture_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o feudal_n right_n the_o custom_n of_o neighbour_a nation_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o feudist_n be_v now_o common_o know_v and_o come_v to_o a_o fix_a custom_n neither_o do_v he_o observe_v any_o decision_n particular_o by_o the_o time_n further_o than_o his_o own_o time_n in_o which_o our_o feudal_n custom_n can_v little_o be_v determine_v see_v the_o lord_n of_o session_n be_v mutable_a and_o ambulatory_a till_o the_o year_n 1540_o in_o which_o king_n james_n the_o five_o do_v perfect_v the_o establishment_n of_o the_o session_n in_o a_o college_n of_o justice_n who_o at_o first_o can_v not_o be_v so_o know_v and_o fix_v in_o their_o form_n and_o custom_n and_o therefore_o it_o can_v be_v think_v strange_a if_o the_o feudal_n custom_n as_o they_o be_v now_o settle_v do_v much_o differ_v from_o what_o craig_n do_v observe_v he_o have_v indeed_o very_a well_o observe_v the_o origine_fw-la and_o nature_n of_o feudal_n right_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o italy_n where_o they_o begin_v and_o of_o france_n and_o england_n whence_o they_o be_v derive_v to_o we_o and_o therefore_o we_o say_v little_a as_o to_o these_o and_o so_o much_o only_o of_o the_o right_n themselves_o as_o must_v necessary_o be_v introductory_n to_o our_o fix_a custom_n in_o which_o we_o shall_v follow_v that_o same_o method_n as_o most_o accommodat_fw-la to_o the_o matter_n which_o we_o observe_v in_o the_o former_a title_n of_o real_a right_n but_o there_o be_v in_o feudal_n right_n nothing_o of_o that_o original_a community_n which_o be_v therein_o be_v only_o a_o promiscuous_a property_n
be_v because_o it_o can_v hardly_o be_v determine_v that_o the_o right_n of_o property_n be_v in_o either_o the_o superior_a or_o vassal_n alone_o so_o that_o the_o other_o shall_v only_o have_v a_o servitude_n upon_o it_o though_o some_o have_v think_v superiority_n but_o a_o servitude_n the_o property_n be_v in_o the_o vassal_n and_o other_o have_v think_v the_o fee_n itself_o to_o be_v but_o a_o servitude_n to_o wit_n the_o perpetual_a use_n and_o fruit_n yet_o the_o reconciliation_n and_o satisfaction_n of_o both_o have_v be_v well_o find_v out_o in_o this_o distinction_n whereby_o neither_o interest_n be_v call_v a_o servitude_n but_o by_o the_o resemblance_n of_o the_o distinction_n in_o law_n betwixt_o jura_fw-la &_o actiones_fw-la directae_fw-la and_o these_o which_o for_o resemblance_n be_v reductive_a thereto_o and_o therefore_o call_v utiles_fw-la 8._o the_o superior_n right_o be_v call_v dominium_fw-la directum_fw-la and_o the_o vassal_n utile_fw-la and_o without_o these_o the_o right_n can_v consist_v second_o as_o there_o must_v be_v a_o right_a in_o the_o superior_a and_o another_o in_o the_o vassal_n so_o the_o vassal_n in_o his_o right_n must_v necessary_o hold_v of_o and_o acknowledge_v the_o superious_a as_o have_v the_o direct_a right_n in_o the_o fee_n otherways_o the_o two_o distinct_a right_n without_o this_o subordination_n will_v make_v but_o two_o partial_a allodial_a right_n three_o there_o be_v necessary_o employ_v in_o fee_n some_o rent_n or_o return_v to_o the_o superior_a for_o the_o fee_n which_o may_v be_v either_o service_n money_n or_o other_o fungible_a or_o prayer_n and_o supplication_n as_o in_o fee_n mortify_v to_o the_o kirk_n or_o other_o performance_n or_o at_o least_o the_o vassal_n fidelity_n to_o the_o superior_a imply_v not_o only_o negative_a that_o he_o may_v not_o wrong_v the_o superior_a but_o positive_a that_o he_o must_v reveal_v to_o his_o superior_a any_o design_n against_o his_o life_n or_o fame_n 9_o which_o fidelity_n though_o it_o be_v not_o express_v yet_o it_o be_v necessary_o import_v in_o all_o kind_n of_o fee_n and_o can_v be_v take_v away_o by_o any_o paction_n to_o the_o contrary_a without_o destroy_v the_o very_a nature_n of_o this_o right_n 10._o to_o come_v now_o to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o property_n of_o land_n in_o fee_n and_o heretage_n the_o feudal_n contract_n be_v of_o itself_o alienative_a as_o loan_n sale_n exchange_n and_o the_o contract_n in_o law_n eall_v do_v ut_fw-mi des_fw-fr and_o do_v ut_fw-la facias_fw-la of_o which_o two_o last_n the_o feudal_n contract_n be_v a_o kind_n see_v thereby_o land_n or_o other_o immovable_a be_v give_v for_o give_v or_o do_v something_o therefore_o as_o in_o other_o so_o in_o it_o the_o will_n of_o the_o owner_n must_v constitute_v the_o right_n in_o the_o vassal_n and_o see_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o nation_n some_o kind_n of_o possession_n be_v necessary_a to_o constitute_v or_o transfer_v property_n the_o superior_n delivery_n of_o possession_n to_o the_o vassal_n or_o acknowledgement_n and_o approbation_n thereof_o in_o the_o vassal_n to_o be_v hold_v by_o he_o in_o fee_n be_v sufficient_a to_o constitute_v and_o perfect_v the_o fee_n 11._o and_o therefore_o in_o the_o udal_n right_o of_o land_n in_o orknay_n and_o zetland_n whereby_o without_o any_o infeftment_n investiture_n or_o other_o right_a or_o write_v they_o enjoy_v land_n and_o hereditament_n it_o suffice_v they_o to_o instruct_v by_o witness_n that_o they_o have_v possess_v as_o be_v hold_v and_o repute_v heritable_a possessor_n of_o such_o land_n but_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o scotland_n have_v as_o in_o all_o other_o place_n necessary_o require_v write_v not_o only_o for_o evidence_n of_o the_o constitution_n of_o this_o right_n but_o as_o solemnity_n for_o the_o perfect_a and_o solemnize_n thereof_o without_o which_o it_o become_v not_o a_o complete_a real_a right_n of_o the_o ground_n except_o where_o such_o write_v have_v be_v destroy_v or_o lose_v in_o time_n of_o trouble_n and_o then_o prove_v the_o tenor_n of_o they_o must_v be_v use_v or_o in_o some_o case_n the_o heretor_fw-la may_v be_v cognosce_v by_o a_o inquest_n as_o heritable_a possessor_n but_o ordinary_o write_v be_v requisite_a which_o write_v be_v call_v a_o infeftment_n or_o a_o investiture_n 12._o infeftment_n or_o infeudatio_fw-la signify_v the_o right_a constitutive_a of_o a_o fee_n as_o its_o etymon_n indicate_v so_o also_o investiture_n be_v the_o same_o more_o metaphorical_o as_o we_o be_v say_v to_o be_v invest_v or_o endue_v with_o any_o right_n as_o man_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o garment_n or_o cloak_n and_o denude_v and_o divest_v thereof_o when_o it_o be_v extinct_a or_o transmit_v so_o both_o infeftment_n and_o investiture_n signify_v the_o write_v which_o be_v evident_n signify_v the_o act_n constitute_v the_o fee_n and_o these_o be_v two_o the_o dispositive_a will_n of_o the_o superior_a and_o his_o delivery_n of_o possession_n by_o himself_o or_o his_o procurator_n in_o his_o name_n 13._o of_o a_o long_a time_n infeftment_n have_v require_v write_v as_o a_o necessary_a solemnity_n not_o only_o as_o a_o mean_a of_o probation_n that_o the_o superior_a do_v true_o dispone_v to_o the_o vassal_n any_o immovable_a in_o fee_n and_o heretage_n and_o that_o according_o the_o vassal_n attain_v possession_n natural_a civil_a or_o symbolical_a for_o if_o write_v be_v adhibite_fw-la only_o for_o probation_n other_o probation_n may_v also_o be_v admit_v not_o only_o against_o the_o superior_a or_o his_o heir_n by_o their_o write_n or_o oath_n but_o even_o against_o their_o singular_a successor_n or_o other_o competitor_n by_o who_o oath_n of_o knowledge_n or_o write_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o infeftment_n and_o of_o these_o two_o necessary_a act_n to_o constitute_v a_o fee_n may_v be_v prove_v and_o albeit_o the_o superior_n oath_n will_v not_o prove_v against_o a_o singular_a successor_n yet_o his_o write_n anterior_a to_o that_o singular_a successor_n right_o acknowledge_v that_o he_o have_v at_o such_o a_o time_n invest_v such_o a_o person_n as_o his_o vassal_n and_o enter_v he_o in_o possession_n which_o will_v prove_v against_o his_o assignee_n yet_o neither_o of_o these_o way_n will_v constitute_v a_o fee_n and_o supply_v a_o write_a infeftment_n except_o where_o the_o peculiar_a custom_n of_o fee_n without_o write_n have_v be_v immemorial_n and_o therefore_o sustain_v as_o sufficient_a and_o albeit_o it_o be_v provide_v by_o ancient_a statute_n that_o the_o heritable_a possessor_n of_o land_n may_v be_v cognosce_v by_o inquest_n yet_o that_o be_v only_o upon_o consideration_n of_o calamity_n and_o war_n whereby_o write_v be_v destroy_v and_o where_o no_o competition_n be_v by_o any_o pretend_v a_o write_a infeftment_n and_o possession_n conform_v but_o the_o question_n be_v only_o betwixt_o the_o superior_a and_o his_o vassal_n who_o with_o his_o predecessor_n have_v be_v in_o immemorial_n possession_n as_o be_v hold_v and_o repute_v heritable_a possessor_n by_o perform_v the_o deed_n proper_a to_o vassal_n of_o such_o land_n and_o so_o hold_v and_o repute_v as_o heritable_a possessor_n by_o the_o neighbourhood_n which_o i_o have_v not_o hear_v to_o take_v effect_n but_o as_o to_o the_o king_n immediate_a vassal_n who_o claim_v property_n in_o no_o land_n as_o supreme_a superior_a but_o what_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n or_o whereof_o the_o property_n be_v acquire_v to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o casualty_n of_o his_o superiority_n or_o by_o acquisition_n from_o other_o proprietar_n and_o therefore_o he_o do_v never_o exclude_v the_o ancient_a heritable_a possessor_n though_o they_o have_v lose_v their_o right_n by_o public_a calamity_n wherein_o not_o only_a adminicle_n in_o write_n but_o the_o testimony_n of_o witness_n above_o exception_n be_v receive_v whereby_o if_o the_o right_o be_v not_o prove_v to_o be_v blench_v or_o feu_n by_o the_o exchequer_n roll_n which_o bear_v all_o the_o king_n property_n and_o the_o reddendo'_v thereof_o or_o by_o eque_n make_v in_o exchequer_n the_o fee_n will_v be_v hold_v ward_n and_o according_a to_o the_o probation_n and_o verdict_n of_o the_o inquest_n charter_n will_v be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n in_o exchequer_n and_o there_o scarce_o can_v be_v pretendedany_n fee_fw-mi which_o have_v not_o be_v already_o establish_v by_o write_v 14._o the_o write_v requisite_a to_o constitute_v a_o fee_n must_v contain_v the_o present_a dispositive_a act_n of_o the_o superior_a by_o which_o he_o dispon_n to_o the_o vassal_n and_o his_o heir_n the_o fee_n in_o whatsoever_o term_n he_o express_v it_o as_o if_o he_o gift_n grant_v alienat_fw-la sell_v or_o dispone_v though_o the_o several_a term_n express_v may_v import_v a_o different_a title_n and_o warrandice_n yea_o albeit_o no_o cause_n or_o title_n be_v express_v or_o employ_v but_o only_o that_o the_o superior_a dispon_n or_o though_o the_o cause_n or_o title_n insinuat_fw-la be_v not_o true_a yet_o
stand_v the_o like_a relation_n betwixt_o patron_n and_o kirk_n patronat_fw-la as_o betwixt_o patron_n and_o libertine_n the_o ground_n whereof_o be_v a_o eminent_a good_a deed_n do_v by_o the_o patron_n or_o his_o predecessor_n to_o that_o kirk_n especial_o these_o acknowledge_v in_o law_n patronum_fw-la faciunt_fw-la do_v aedificatio_fw-la fundus_fw-la signify_v the_o build_n of_o the_o church_n or_o give_v of_o the_o stipend_n or_o of_o the_o ground_n necessary_a for_o the_o church_n church-yard_n manse_n or_o gleib_n be_v the_o ground_n for_o constitute_v the_o patronage_n which_o be_v sufficient_o instruct_v by_o custom_n of_o the_o kirk_n acknowledge_v such_o a_o patron_n it_o be_v late_o controvert_v who_o shall_v be_v patron_n of_o a_o second_o minister_n who_o stipend_n be_v constitute_v not_o out_o of_o the_o teind_n but_o by_o contribution_n and_o engagement_n of_o a_o town_n for_o the_o great_a part_n and_o the_o heretor_n of_o the_o landwart_a paroch_n for_o the_o rest_n whether_o the_o patronage_n and_o power_n to_o present_v that_o second_o minister_n shall_v belong_v to_o the_o patron_n of_o the_o kirk_n have_v the_o unquestionable_a power_n of_o present_v the_o first_o minister_n or_o the_o contributer_n in_o which_o competition_n the_o patron_n of_o the_o kirk_n be_v prefer_v because_o the_o contributer_n have_v never_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o present_v nor_o have_v reserve_v the_o patronage_n nor_o power_n of_o present_v in_o the_o erection_n of_o the_o second_o minister_n which_o be_v only_o by_o a_o act_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o presbytry_n bear_v the_o share_v contribute_v for_o a_o second_o minister_n but_o neither_o reservation_n nor_o protestation_n by_o they_o concern_v the_o patronage_n or_o power_n of_o present_v the_o second_o minister_n nor_o be_v any_o thing_n of_o custom_n or_o possession_n to_o show_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o party_n november_n 18._o 1680._o town_n of_o haddingtoun_n contra_fw-la the_o earl_n of_o haddingtoun_n this_o case_n will_v not_o prejudge_v erection_n of_o second_o minister_n in_o most_o of_o other_o town_n in_o the_o kingdom_n where_o the_o erection_n do_v bear_v reservation_n of_o the_o patronage_n but_o for_o clear_v of_o the_o derive_v right_o from_o the_o first_o patron_n especial_o to_o singular_a successor_n the_o patronage_n be_v ordinary_o convey_v by_o infeftment_n carry_v express_o advocation_n donation_n and_o right_a of_o patronage_n of_o such_o kirk_n such_o kirk_n then_o as_o acknowledge_v no_o patron_n be_v full_o free_a and_o these_o be_v provide_v not_o by_o presentation_n but_o the_o ordinar_n convey_v pleno_fw-la jure_fw-la whereby_o the_o incumbent_n have_v right_a to_o the_o benefice_n and_o full_a fruit_n but_o in_o mensal_n kirk_n the_o incumbent_n have_v but_o a_o stipend_n and_o these_o belong_v to_o the_o proper_a patrimony_n of_o prelate_n who_o have_v right_a to_o the_o fruit_n thereof_o as_o a_o part_n of_o their_o own_o benefice_n and_o therefore_o be_v call_v patrimonial_a or_o mensal_n patronage_n be_v also_o either_o laic_a or_o ecclesiastic_a laic_a be_v that_o which_o belong_v to_o secular_a person_n ecclesiastic_a that_o which_o belong_v to_o churchman_n as_o when_o a_o bishop_n have_v the_o right_a of_o presentation_n to_o a_o kirk_n not_o in_o his_o own_o diocese_n there_o he_o present_v but_o another_o must_v confer_v as_o ordinar_n and_o so_o he_o be_v but_o ecclesiastic_a patron_n 28._o kirk_n patronat_fw-la require_v for_o the_o entry_n of_o minister_n a_o presentation_n of_o the_o patron_n present_v a_o person_n to_o the_o church_n and_o benefice_n to_o be_v try_v by_o churchman_n have_v that_o power_n and_o give_v he_o the_o right_a of_o the_o benefice_n or_o stipend_n be_v find_v qualify_v and_o collation_n of_o the_o office_n and_o institution_n therein_o by_o churchman_n upon_o trial_n without_o which_o the_o incumbent_n can_v have_v no_o right_n yet_o where_o the_o bishop_n have_v the_o power_n of_o collation_n and_o institution_n and_o to_o confer_v pleno_fw-la jure_fw-la a_o gift_n from_o the_o bishop_n confer_v and_o admit_v be_v find_v sufficient_a without_o a_o distinct_a presentation_n and_o collation_n july_n 4._o 1627._o minister_n of_o sklate_n contra_fw-la parochioner_n but_o in_o kirk_n not_o patronat_fw-la institution_n and_o collation_n be_v sufficient_a and_o of_o late_a the_o act_n of_o ordination_n or_o admission_n of_o minister_n by_o presbytry_n serve_v for_o all_o but_o in_o benefice_n without_o cure_n as_o prebendry_n or_o chaplanry_n presentation_n be_v sufficient_a without_o collation_n and_o institution_n march_v 14._o 1622._o scot_n contra_fw-la penman_n 29._o minister_n be_v thus_o enter_v have_v right_o to_o their_o benefice_n or_o stipend_n during_o their_o incumbency_n which_o they_o need_v not_o instruct_v by_o write_v but_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v by_o witness_n that_o the_o minister_n or_o his_o predecessor_n have_v be_v in_o possession_n of_o that_o which_o be_v controvert_v as_o a_o part_n of_o the_o benefice_n or_o stipend_n of_o that_o kirk_n and_o that_o be_v common_o hold_v and_o repute_v to_o be_v a_o part_n thereof_o for_o there_o be_v no_o competent_a way_n to_o preserve_v the_o right_n and_o evident_n of_o the_o kirk_n among_o successor_n in_o office_n as_o there_o be_v of_o other_o right_n among_o other_o successor_n the_o canon_n law_n attribute_v much_o more_o to_o possession_n then_o the_o civil_a for_o thereby_o possessor_n decennalis_fw-la or_o triennalis_fw-la nontenetur_fw-la docere_fw-la detitulo_fw-la which_o be_v not_o only_o extend_v to_o instruct_v that_o the_o thing_n possess_v belong_v to_o the_o benefice_n but_o that_o the_o incumbent_n have_v sufficient_a right_n and_o therefore_o liberate_v prebendar_n from_o production_n of_o their_o provision_n in_o the_o case_n of_o improbation_n hope_n improbation_n bishop_n of_o galloway_n and_o dean_n of_o the_o chapel-royal_a contra_fw-la the_o prebendar_n this_o presumption_n will_v not_o be_v elide_v by_o any_o extrinsic_a right_n yea_o it_o will_v liberate_v from_o preduction_n of_o any_o write_v right_o in_o reduction_n and_o improbation_n where_o there_o be_v no_o right_a extent_n but_o if_o a_o right_o be_v find_v by_o the_o oath_n of_o churchman_n or_o other_o to_o be_v extent_n in_o their_o hand_n the_o same_o will_v be_v presume_v to_o be_v the_o right_n by_o which_o they_o possess_v and_o it_o may_v be_v improven_v by_o a_o positive_a probation_n but_o not_o by_o a_o presumptive_a probation_n by_o way_n of_o certification_n conclude_v it_o false_a because_o the_o possessor_n decline_v to_o produce_v it_o or_o to_o abide_v by_o it_o when_o the_o right_o be_v produce_v any_o exception_n may_v be_v propon_v upon_o any_o thing_n contain_v therein_o and_o therefore_o a_o annualrent_a of_o ten_o chalder_n of_o victual_n mortify_v by_o the_o king_n to_o the_o chapel-royal_a be_v exclude_v by_o a_o redemption_n thereof_o grant_v by_o the_o king_n voluntary_o upon_o payment_n when_o the_o bishop_n be_v suppress_v in_o respect_n the_o mortification_n boresuch_o a_o right_o mortify_v which_o have_v therein_o a_o reversion_n and_o therefore_o after_o redemption_n thirteen_o year_n possession_n can_v not_o relieve_v the_o right_o be_v redeem_v neither_o can_v the_o act_n of_o restitution_n of_o bishop_n restore_v they_o to_o the_o right_n and_o possession_n they_o have_v before_o 1637._o see_v that_o can_v not_o hinder_v another_o party_n ro_o redeem_v july_n 11._o 1676._o bishop_n of_o dumblain_n contra_fw-la francis_n kinloch_n a_o minister_n stipend_n as_o to_o the_o use_n of_o payment_n and_o quantity_n be_v find_v probable_a by_o witness_n without_o write_v in_o possessorio_fw-la as_o be_v lale_o find_v minister_n relict_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o caithness_n as_o to_o the_o time_n sufficient_a to_o give_v a_o possessory_a judgement_n in_o benefice_n or_o stipend_n upon_o possession_n without_o evident_n in_o write_v but_o be_v hold_v and_o repute_v as_o a_o part_n of_o the_o benefice_n the_o canon_n law_n regula_n cancellariae_fw-la 33._o determine_v it_o to_o three_o year_n peaceable_a possession_n which_o be_v rather_o as_o to_o the_o incumbent_n right_o that_o after_o three_o year_n possession_n he_o can_v be_v question_v during_o his_o life_n i_o find_v not_o our_o decision_n so_o clear_a in_o it_o but_o it_o can_v exceed_v seven_o year_n possession_n which_o give_v a_o possessory_a judgement_n in_o infeftment_n of_o property_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v so_o find_v november_n 25._o 1665._o james_n petrie_n contra_fw-la john_n mitchelson_n the_o like_a about_o that_o same_o time_n mr._n alexander_n ferguson_n contra_fw-la lieutenant_n colonel_n alexander_n agnew_n minister_n also_o during_o their_o incumbencie_n may_v set_v tack_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n for_o set_v of_o tack_n by_o benefice_a person_n before_o express_v which_o be_v valide_fw-la and_o effectual_a though_o the_o incumbent_n be_v deprive_v or_o transport_v par_fw-fr 1592._o cap._n 115._o 30._o minister_n stipend_n be_v ordinary_o allocat_fw-la out_o of_o the_o teind_n of_o particular_a land_n and_o
by_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o statute_n that_o tenant_n be_v not_o put_v at_o unaworse_a to_o seek_v their_o habitation_n or_o at_o a_o unseasonable_a time_n of_o the_o year_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a in_o several_a case_n first_o where_o the_o possessor_n be_v not_o tennent_n but_o a_o vicious_a possessor_n or_o where_o the_o possessor_n have_v nothing_o but_o a_o insufficient_a infeftment_n or_o tolerance_n for_o the_o statute_n be_v only_o in_o favour_n of_o tenant_n who_o be_v liable_a for_o mail_n and_o duty_n second_o warn_v be_v not_o find_v necessary_a for_o remove_v possessor_n from_o a_o tower_n or_o fortalice_n though_o set_v in_o tack_v hope_v hic_fw-la lady_n saltoun_n contra_fw-la mr._n william_n livingstoun_n or_o from_o a_o coal_n ibid._n wolmet_n contra_fw-la niddrie_n or_o from_o the_o possession_n of_o a_o liferenters_n house_n or_o land_n after_o the_o liferenters_n death_n and_o that_o upon_o supplication_n it_o be_v obtain_v without_o process_n hope_v liserent_a prestoun_n contra_fw-la cockpen_n and_o this_o be_v competent_a at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o liferenter_fw-la against_o these_o who_o continue_v the_o possession_n of_o a_o former_a liferenter_fw-la after_o her_o death_n january_n 12._o 1622._o lady_n kincaid_n contra_fw-la her_o tenant_n the_o like_a but_o to_o take_v effect_n at_o whitsonday_n after_o the_o process_n against_o a_o liferenters_n servant_n possess_v without_o a_o tack_v in_o write_v and_o also_o without_o violent_a profit_n february_n 16._o 1628._o thomson_n contra_fw-la merstoun_n but_o if_o the_o possession_n from_o the_o liferenter_fw-la be_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o tack_v the_o possessor_n must_v be_v warn_v as_o have_v be_v show_v among_o the_o effect_n of_o tack_n remove_v be_v also_o competent_a by_o source_n of_o of_o law_n upon_o a_o process_n to_o find_v caution_n for_o the_o rent_n or_o to_o remove_v of_o which_o before_o as_o to_o what_o be_v special_a in_o tack_n of_o teind_n have_v be_v consider_v in_o that_o title_n the_o prime_a kind_n of_o remove_v be_v that_o which_o be_v solemn_a upon_o warn_v for_o clear_v whereof_o we_o shall_v first_o consider_v the_o order_n pre-required_n second_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi three_o the_o exception_n of_o the_o defender_n four_o the_o effect_n of_o remove_v 39_o the_o order_n of_o remove_v of_o old_a be_v thus_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n do_v only_o verbal_o intimate_v to_o the_o tennent_n to_o remove_v at_o the_o next_o whitsonday_n and_o the_o only_a solemnity_n requisite_a be_v that_o before_o the_o say_a term_n he_o appear_v before_o the_o door_n of_o the_o tennent_n and_o break_v a_o lance_n there_o as_o a_o symbol_n of_o his_o break_v the_o tacit_a relocation_n betwixt_o they_o whereupon_o the_o second_o day_n after_o whitsonday_n he_o come_v braevi_fw-la manu_fw-la and_o expel_v the_o tennent_fw-fr or_o at_o least_o lay_v out_o some_o of_o his_o good_n to_o complete_a the_o solemnity_n of_o his_o remove_n craig_n hic_fw-la hence_o arise_v many_o quarrel_n violence_n and_o breach_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n when_o the_o tennent_fw-fr have_v any_o reason_n or_o pretence_n for_o which_o not_o to_o remove_v or_o otherways_o be_v unwilling_a and_o not_o compel_v by_o law_n or_o public_a authority_n but_o by_o private_a force_n 40._o for_o remeid_v whereof_o that_o excellent_a statute_n concern_v warning_n and_o remove_v of_o tenant_n be_v make_v par._n 1555._o cap._n 39_o prescrive_v the_o order_n of_o remove_v thus_o that_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n give_v a_o precept_n of_o warning_n in_o write_v command_v his_o officer_n which_o may_v be_v any_o person_n he_o please_v for_o who_o name_n a_o blank_a be_v set_v in_o the_o precept_n to_o go_v forty_o day_n precede_v whitsonday_n and_o intimate_v to_o the_o tennent_fw-fr that_o he_o remove_v himself_o his_o family_n sub-tennent_n good_n and_o gear_n at_o the_o say_a term_n and_o leave_v the_o tenement_n void_a and_o red_a that_o the_o warner_n may_v enter_v in_o possession_n this_o may_v be_v do_v either_o personnal_o or_o at_o his_o dwell_a house_n second_o the_o precept_n must_v authorise_v the_o officer_n to_o make_v the_o say_a denounciation_n forty_o day_n before_o the_o term_n upon_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o land_n leave_v a_o copy_n thereof_o affix_v thereupon_o and_o by_o the_o same_o space_n it_o must_v be_v do_v at_o the_o kirk-door_n at_o the_o time_n of_o dissolve_v the_o congregation_n from_o the_o first_o sermon_n leave_v a_o copy_n thereof_o affix_v upon_o the_o kirk-door_n all_o which_o must_v be_v do_v before_o two_o witness_n require_v for_o that_o effect_n and_o execution_n make_v conform_v by_o the_o officer_n which_o without_o any_o other_o instrument_n or_o solemnity_n do_v sufficient_o prove_v unless_o it_o be_v improven_v upon_o this_o order_n the_o pursuer_fw-mi have_v a_o privilege_a action_n upon_o six_o day_n warn_v only_o without_o continuation_n par._n 1555._o cap._n 39_o and_o that_o because_o of_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o dispatch_n that_o the_o new_a tenant_n who_o have_v take_v may_v be_v put_v in_o possession_n and_o the_o land_n not_o left_a waste_n both_o to_o public_a and_o private_a detriment_n this_o order_n must_v be_v use_v though_o the_o term_n of_o the_o tack_v be_v not_o at_o whitsonday_n but_o at_o martimess_n or_o candlesmess_n and_o it_o will_v not_o suffice_v to_o be_v make_v forty_o day_n before_o these_o term_n june_n 15._o 1631._o ramsay_n contra_fw-la weir_n the_o reason_n hereof_o be_v because_o the_o warning_n be_v appoint_v that_o the_o tenant_n may_v timeous_o provide_v for_o themselves_o which_o can_v be_v but_o before_o whitsonday_n the_o ordinary_a time_n land_n use_v to_o be_v set_v if_o the_o party_n remove_v be_v out_o of_o the_o country_n it_o will_v suffice_v to_o warn_v they_o upon_o the_o ground_n and_o at_o the_o kirk-door_n upon_o forty_o day_n but_o the_o citation_n must_v be_v upon_o sixty_o day_n which_o be_v consequent_a from_o the_o statute_n which_o prescrive_v nothing_o different_a from_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o law_n in_o the_o case_n of_o party_n out_o of_o the_o country_n it_o be_v so_o decide_v january_n 11._o 1622._o laird_n of_o faldenside_n contra_fw-la bimerside_n february_n 20._o 1666._o mebrair_a contra_fw-la sir_n robert_n chrightoun_n alias_o murray_n this_o statute_n reach_v not_o warning_n from_o tenement_n within_o burgh_n which_o be_v regulat_fw-la by_o the_o custom_n of_o burgh_n thus_o the_o town_n officer_n by_o command_n of_o a_o bailie_n though_o without_o write_v warn_v only_o at_o the_o tenement_n forty_o day_n precede_v whitsonday_n and_o in_o evidence_n thereof_o use_v to_o chalk_n the_o door_n craig_n hic_fw-la nicolson_n remove_v andrew_z ker_n contra_fw-la euphan_n moor_n this_o be_v extend_v to_o a_o house_n within_o burgh_n of_o barony_n july_n 18._o 1634._o mr._n john_n hart_n contra_fw-la nor_n be_v warn_v before_o whitsonday_n find_v necessary_a for_o remove_v a_o tennent_fw-fr from_o a_o soap-work_n november_n 21._o 1671._o james_n riddel_n contra_fw-la charles_n zinzan_n 41._o we_o come_v now_o to_o the_o tit._n requisite_a for_o remove_v which_o must_v be_v a_o real_a right_n of_o the_o ground_n except_o the_o question_n be_v against_o a_o party_n who_o be_v personal_o oblige_v to_o remove_v and_o therefore_o first_o there_o need_v no_o title_n against_o such_o party_n who_o have_v the_o possession_n from_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi for_o these_o can_v never_o question_v his_o title_n who_o interest_n depend_v thereupon_o but_o acknowledge_v he_o by_o payment_n of_o mail_n and_o duty_n will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a without_o a_o right_n in_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi second_o a_o personal_a or_o incomplete_a right_n be_v a_o sufficient_a title_n for_o remove_v against_o the_o grant_a of_o it_o or_o his_o heir_n if_o it_o contain_v a_o clause_n to_o remove_v or_o put_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi in_o possession_n express_o or_o by_o consequence_n three_o infeftment_n of_o property_n or_o liferent_a be_v a_o sufficient_a title_n in_o remove_v and_o that_o upon_o production_n of_o the_o seasine_a only_o where_o the_o defender_n show_v no_o better_a right_n nicol._n remove_v adam_z wat_fw-mi contra_fw-la ord_n but_o the_o seasine_a must_v be_v both_o before_o the_o warning_n and_o the_o term_n except_o first_o in_o the_o case_n of_o heir_n this_o be_v a_o possessory_a judgement_n and_o a_o continuance_n of_o the_o predecessor_n possession_n so_o that_o the_o tennent_n can_v be_v in_o doubt_n or_o hazard_v to_o quit_v the_o possession_n as_o he_o may_v be_v in_o other_o case_n where_o he_o may_v be_v liable_a both_o for_o the_o rent_n and_o render_v the_o possession_n to_o another_o party_n and_o so_o it_o be_v sustain_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o heir_n though_o his_o retour_fw-fr and_o seasine_n be_v after_o the_o warning_n february_n 9_o 1610._o earl_n of_o kingborn_n contra_fw-la arbuthnet_n hope_v hic_fw-la john_n small_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o
consequence_n form_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o see_v there_o be_v no_o different_a proportion_n hold_v forth_o by_o this_o text_n or_o by_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n the_o succession_n of_o all_o child_n must_v be_v in_o equal_a share_n whether_o male_a or_o female_a for_o in_o all_o communion_n and_o partnership_n a_o equal_a division_n take_v place_n except_o a_o unequal_a be_v express_v 4._o it_o be_v more_o dark_a whether_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n there_o be_v competent_a the_o right_a of_o representation_n whereby_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o defunct_a child_n represent_v they_o and_o come_v in_o with_o the_o survive_a child_n to_o get_v that_o share_n which_o their_o defunct_a parent_n will_v have_v get_v if_o alive_a whereby_o they_o will_v not_o succeed_v in_o capita_fw-la the_o whole_a successor_n get_v equal_a share_n but_o in_o stirpes_fw-la whereby_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o defunct_a child_n though_o they_o succeed_v equal_o among_o themselves_o yet_o unequal_o with_o the_o survive_a child_n because_o the_o whole_a issue_n of_o the_o defunct_a get_v but_o a_o equal_a share_n with_o each_o of_o the_o survive_a child_n as_o if_o a_o father_n have_v three_o child_n the_o elder_a die_v before_o he_o leave_v one_o child_n and_o two_o oyes_o by_o another_o child_n if_o there_o be_v place_n for_o representation_n the_o heritage_n will_v divide_v in_o three_o the_o two_o survive_a child_n will_v have_v two_o three_o part_n the_o other_o three_o will_v divide_v in_o two_o whereof_o the_o child_n of_o the_o defunct_n will_v get_v one_o half_a and_o the_o other_o half_o will_v divide_v equal_o betwixt_o the_o two_o oyes_o so_o than_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o descendants_n will_v thus_o succeed_v or_o if_o the_o surviver_n will_v whole_o exclude_v the_o issue_n of_o the_o decease_a this_o right_n of_o representation_n take_v place_n with_o we_o and_o most_o other_o nation_n in_o the_o right_n of_o immovables_n which_o we_o call_v heritable_a right_n whether_o it_o be_v of_o descendants_n or_o collateral_n but_o doubtless_o in_o that_o the_o course_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v alter_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o stock_n or_o stem_n of_o the_o family_n so_o that_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o there_o be_v no_o right_n of_o representation_n in_o collateral_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o that_o the_o child_n or_o grandchild_n of_o a_o brother_n shall_v come_v in_o with_o a_o brother_n because_o the_o propinquity_n of_o blood_n natural_a affection_n and_o so_o the_o presume_v will_n of_o the_o defunct_a be_v diminish_v but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o clear_a in_o descendants_n neither_o shall_v we_o be_v positive_a in_o it_o but_o it_o seem_v most_o suitable_a to_o reason_n and_o the_o text_n adduce_v that_o if_o the_o issue_n of_o defunct_a child_n remain_v in_o the_o family_n that_o they_o shall_v come_v in_o by_o representation_n in_o the_o place_n of_o their_o defunct_a parent_n for_o these_o that_o be_v in_o the_o family_n extend_v to_o all_o that_o be_v not_o forisfamiliat_v whether_o child_n or_o grandchild_n to_o who_o there_o remain_v like_o affection_n in_o the_o common_a parent_n but_o when_o the_o defunct_a child_n be_v forisfamiliat_v and_o so_o presume_v to_o have_v be_v provide_v and_o to_o have_v get_v a_o share_n and_o therewith_o put_v out_o of_o the_o family_n to_o live_v in_o a_o distinct_a family_n in_o that_o case_n there_o seem_v no_o ground_n for_o representation_n which_o do_v agree_v to_o our_o custom_n in_o the_o succession_n of_o movable_n wherein_o there_o be_v no_o right_n of_o representation_n but_o the_o near_a of_o kin_n exclude_v the_o issue_n of_o the_o defunct_n which_o be_v of_o the_o same_o degree_n which_o suceession_n be_v certain_o more_o near_o unto_o the_o natural_a succession_n what_o have_v be_v say_v may_v sufficient_o clear_v the_o natural_a succession_n of_o the_o defunct_n descendants_n whether_o child_n or_o grandchild_n and_o while_o there_o be_v any_o descendants_n there_o be_v place_n for_o no_o other_o 5._o the_o three_o branch_n of_o natural_a succession_n fail_v the_o express_a will_n of_o defunct_n and_o their_o descendants_n or_o the_o issue_n of_o their_o body_n be_v of_o parent_n among_o who_o these_o in_o the_o near_a degree_n be_v preferable_a as_o father_n and_o mother_n and_o if_o the_o father_n be_v dead_a there_o seem_v to_o be_v place_n for_o representation_n to_o his_o father_n to_o come_v in_o with_o the_o survive_a mother_n equal_o but_o other_o parent_n of_o or_o by_o the_o female_a line_n who_o be_v in_o another_o family_n from_o the_o ground_n lay_v in_o the_o text_n of_o provide_v these_o in_o the_o family_n seem_v not_o to_o come_v in_o to_o exclude_v brother_n and_o sister_n and_o other_o collateral_n in_o that_o family_n as_o the_o grandfather_n and_o grandmother_n on_o the_o mother_n side_n it_o will_v not_o be_v opposite_a to_o this_o which_o be_v say_v child_n be_v not_o to_o lay_v up_o for_o parent_n but_o parent_n for_o child_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v absolute_o but_o comparative_o and_o according_a to_o the_o ordinar_n course_n of_o nature_n 6._o the_o four_o link_n of_o natural_a succession_n be_v brethren_n and_o sister_n among_o who_o brethren_n and_o sister_n german_a be_v relate_v by_o both_o blood_n exclude_v these_o who_o be_v only_o of_o one_o blood_n by_o the_o father_n side_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o presume_a will_n of_o the_o defunct_a be_v from_o their_o interest_n and_o relation_n these_o of_o double_a relation_n by_o both_o blood_n be_v preferable_a to_o these_o of_o single_a relation_n 7._o the_o last_o degree_n of_o natural_a succession_n be_v of_o uncle_n aunt_n nepheus_n neices_n all_o which_o be_v in_o equal_a propinquity_n to_o the_o defunct_a come_v in_o together_o and_o faill_v these_o the_o succession_n will_v befall_v equal_o to_o the_o near_a degree_n of_o cousines_n among_o who_o the_o near_a degree_n exclude_v the_o father_n without_o right_n of_o representation_n and_o these_o conjoin_v by_o both_o blood_n exclude_v these_o onjoyn_v by_o one_o husband_n and_o wife_n do_v not_o succeed_v proper_o either_o to_o other_o but_o have_v a_o communion_n of_o good_n there_o be_v a_o division_n by_o the_o death_n of_o either_o 8._o the_o main_a question_n be_v here_o whether_o there_o be_v natural_o any_o difference_n in_o succession_n betwixt_o the_o collateral_n on_o the_o father_n side_n who_o be_v call_v agnat_n and_o the_o collateral_n on_o the_o mother_n side_n who_o be_v call_v cognat_n justinian_n in_o his_o novel_a constitution_n cap._n 4._o 127._o take_v off_o all_o distinction_n of_o agnat_n and_o cognat_n in_o succession_n for_o which_o he_o be_v general_o reprehend_v by_o interpreter_n who_o behold_v such_o a_o difference_n even_o in_o equity_n cognat_n be_v conjoin_v by_o woman_n who_o ordainary_o be_v under_o the_o power_n of_o other_o even_o natural_o by_o marriage_n and_o so_o be_v of_o another_o family_n they_o be_v not_o of_o the_o defunct_n own_o family_n as_o the_o agnat_n be_v among_o these_o the_o mother_n father_n mother_n or_o other_o ascendant_n on_o the_o father_n side_n in_o his_o family_n be_v not_o hereby_o exclude_v and_o so_o neither_o these_o or_o other_o by_o their_o express_a nor_o presume_v will_n can_v transmit_v any_o good_n or_o estate_n yet_o this_o point_n remain_v more_o dark_a and_o i_o conceive_v what_o have_v come_v by_o the_o mother_n side_n or_o by_o the_o grandmother_n etc._n etc._n therein_o the_o cognat_n of_o her_o blood_n will_v natural_o succeed_v because_o there_o be_v two_o ground_n of_o presumption_n join_v propinquity_n of_o blood_n and_o gratitude_n or_o remuneration_n to_o that_o lineage_n by_o who_o such_o thing_n by_o succession_n come_v so_o that_o paterna_fw-la paternis_fw-la materna_fw-la maternis_fw-la aught_o to_o take_v place_n in_o equity_n as_o the_o presume_a will_n of_o the_o defunct_a unless_o the_o express_a will_n or_o the_o law_n or_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n be_v to_o the_o contrare_fw-la so_o much_o for_o the_o natural_a course_n of_o succession_n which_o have_v be_v the_o more_o insist_v in_o not_o only_o to_o show_v the_o goodness_n and_o righteousness_n of_o god_n instruct_v man_n with_o a_o inbred_a law_n write_v in_o his_o heart_n though_o he_o be_v destitute_a of_o any_o humane_a constitution_n or_o custom_n so_o that_o he_o may_v walk_v just_o in_o this_o important_a matter_n of_o succession_n albeit_o all_o the_o line_n of_o this_o divine_a impression_n be_v no_o clear_a to_o our_o sin-dimmed_n eye_n but_o also_o that_o where_o positive_a law_n or_o custom_n be_v dubious_a in_o the_o matter_n of_o succession_n or_o be_v defective_a therein_o emendation_n and_o extension_n may_v be_v fetch_v thereto_o from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n we_o shall_v now_o proceed_v to_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o god_n give_v to_o israel_n concern_v
equal_o and_o there_o be_v no_o right_n of_o representation_n in_o moveable_n the_o first_o degree_n be_v child_n male_a or_o female_a with_o who_o grandchild_n come_v not_o in_o by_o right_a of_o representation_n in_o place_n of_o their_o defunct_a parent_n so_o child_n have_v a_o interest_n in_o their_o father_n movable_n viz._n their_o bairn_n part_v wherein_o their_o father_n can_v prejudge_v they_o and_o their_o interest_n as_o near_o of_o kin_n whereby_o they_o succeed_v to_o the_o dead_n part_n in_o so_o far_o as_o intestat_fw-la next_o unto_o child_n be_v grandchild_n or_o any_o descendants_n of_o the_o near_a degree_n next_o unto_o these_o be_v brethren_n and_o sister_n wherein_o brethren_n and_o sister_n german_a or_o by_o both_o blood_n exclude_v these_o by_o one_o blood_n next_o unto_o brethren_n and_o sister_n be_v there_o descendants_n in_o the_o near_a degree_n without_o representation_n and_o last_o be_v the_o near_a degree_n of_o agnat_n male_a and_o female_a joint_o without_o representation_n if_o there_o be_v no_o descendants_n or_o agnat_n in_o the_o case_n of_o bastard_n who_o can_v have_v none_o or_o other_o who_o happen_z de_fw-fr facto_fw-la to_o have_v no_o child_n or_o agnat_n their_o good_n become_v caduciary_a and_o be_v confiscate_v to_o the_o king_n as_o last_o heir_n or_o by_o reason_n of_o bastardy_n of_o which_o before_o title_n confiscation_n in_o the_o succession_n of_o movable_n the_o same_o good_n or_o debt_n be_v not_o in_o all_o case_n account_v movable_a since_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1641._o cap._n 32._o whereby_o band_n bear_v annualrent_a which_o before_o in_o all_o respect_n be_v heritable_a by_o the_o destination_n of_o the_o annualrent_a which_o be_v perfect_v by_o infeftment_n be_v a_o immovable_a and_o heritable_a right_n be_v declare_v to_o fall_v under_o executrie_n and_o so_o to_o be_v movable_a and_o yet_o by_o the_o say_a statute_n the_o relict_n and_o fisk_n be_v exclude_v the_o reason_n express_v in_o the_o statute_n be_v because_o the_o obliegment_n upon_o the_o debtor_n to_o pay_v annualrent_a be_v for_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o creditor_n and_o not_o a_o destination_n of_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o heir_n to_o exclude_v the_o bairn_n and_o therefore_o such_o clause_n make_v not_o such_o sum_v heritable_a as_o to_o the_o bairn_n and_o near_a of_o kin_n unless_o they_o bear_v a_o obliegment_n to_o infeft_a the_o creditor_n in_o land_n or_o annualrent_a in_o which_o case_n they_o be_v proper_o heritable_a and_o belong_v only_o to_o the_o heir_n but_o if_o not_o the_o same_o belong_v to_o the_o bairn_n and_o near_a of_o kin_n excludendo_fw-la fiscum_fw-la &_o relictam_fw-la whereby_o there_o 〈◊〉_d a_o different_a division_n of_o movable_a sum_n fall_v under_o executrie_n one_o of_o such_o as_o be_v movable_a before_o the_o say_a act_n which_o if_o there_o be_v a_o wife_n and_o child_n be_v divide_v in_o three_o whereof_o the_o bairn_n be_v a_o three_o part_n and_o the_o dead_v part_v a_o three_o another_o in_o the_o testament_n of_o band_n bear_v annualrent_a which_o if_o their_o be_v bairn_n be_v divisible_a in_o two_o part_n whereof_o the_o one_o half_a be_v the_o bairn_n part_n and_o the_o other_o half_a the_o dead_v part_n and_o the_o relict_n have_v no_o part_n be_v exclude_v so_o that_o in_o case_n of_o escheat_n such_o sum_n be_v not_o movable_a nor_o fall_v not_o under_o escheat_n yet_o if_o such_o debt_n become_v simple_o movable_a by_o a_o requisition_n or_o charge_n or_o by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o debtor_n or_o creditor_n before_o the_o term_n of_o payment_n of_o annualrent_a or_o otherways_o they_o remain_v in_o the_o ancient_a condition_n and_o the_o statute_n do_v not_o exclude_v the_o fisk_n and_o relict_n but_o where_o a_o charge_n can_v not_o be_v give_v through_o the_o debtor_n or_o creditor_n death_n and_o there_o be_v no_o requisition_n provide_v and_o decreet_a for_o payment_n be_v not_o find_v to_o make_v the_o examine_v meveable_a as_o it_o will_v have_v be_v if_o the_o band_n have_v be_v heritable_a by_o a_o clause_n of_o infeftment_n and_o that_o because_o by_o a_o posterior_n band_n of_o corroboration_n for_o the_o same_o sum_n executor_n be_v exclude_v which_o no_o charge_n nor_o requisition_n do_v alter_v but_o it_o be_v still_o presume_v that_o the_o debtor_n will_v re-imploy_a the_o sum_n in_o the_o same_o way_n to_o his_o heir_n exclude_v executor_n and_o therefore_o a_o process_n and_o decreet_a for_o payment_n be_v not_o find_v to_o make_v it_o movable_a though_o these_o will_v make_v it_o movable_a as_o well_o as_o a_o requisition_n or_o charge_n if_o it_o have_v be_v heritable_a by_o a_o clause_n of_o infeftment_n july_n 12._o 1676._o crystie_n contra_fw-la crystie_n it_o be_v also_o consequent_a from_o the_o say_a statute_n 1._o that_o such_o band_n bear_v clause_n of_o annualrent_a may_v be_v exhaust_v by_o the_o debt_n due_a by_o the_o defunct_a bear_v clause_n of_o annualrent_a 2._o it_o be_v consequent_a that_o the_o executor_n will_v get_v no_o relief_n against_o the_o heir_n of_o debt_n bear_v clause_n of_o annualrent_n without_o clause_n of_o infeftment_n in_o so_o far_o as_o there_o be_v such_o debt_n in_o the_o executry_n but_o the_o heir_n will_v have_v relief_n thereof_o against_o the_o executor_n 3._o it_o follow_v that_o debt_n bear_v clause_n of_o annualrent_n and_o no_o clause_n of_o infeftment_n will_v not_o exhaust_v the_o relic_n part_n because_o as_o she_o be_v exclude_v from_o any_o share_n of_o such_o debt_n due_a to_o her_o husband_n so_o she_o must_v be_v free_a of_o any_o such_o debt_n due_a by_o he_o as_o be_v find_v december_n 23._o 1668._o magaret_n mckenzie_n contra_fw-la robertson_n 25._o succession_n in_o immovable_a and_o heritable_n right_n proceed_v whole_o in_o a_o different_a manner_n for_o succession_n in_o movable_n be_v more_o near_o to_o the_o course_n of_o natural_a succession_n and_o to_o the_o civil_a law_n of_o the_o roman_n especial_o their_o ancient_n and_o middle_a law_n but_o the_o sccession_n in_o heritable_a right_n aggrege_v more_o to_o the_o recent_a feudal_n custom_n of_o most_o nation_n whereby_o primogeniture_n be_v establish_v for_o the_o honour_n and_o preservation_n of_o noble_a family_n and_o in_o they_o for_o the_o good_a and_o safety_n of_o their_o king_n and_o country_n 26._o succession_n in_o immovables_n and_o heritable_n do_v main_o differ_v first_o that_o in_o movable_n the_o express_a will_n of_o the_o defunct_a by_o his_o testament_n and_o legacy_n and_o donation_n in_o contemplation_n of_o death_n have_v the_o first_o place_n but_o in_o heritable_a right_n they_o have_v no_o place_n at_o all_o yea_o no_o personal_a contract_n or_o obliegment_n of_o the_o fire_n can_v have_v any_o effect_n in_o prejudice_n of_o his_o heir_n to_o take_v from_o he_o any_o part_n of_o the_o heritage_n direct_o or_o indirect_o by_o legal_a pursuit_n thereupon_o if_o the_o foresay_a personal_n right_o or_o contract_n be_v do_v in_o lecto_fw-la aegretudinis_fw-la upon_o the_o fiar_n deathbed_n and_o though_o the_o same_o disposition_n or_o contract_n be_v make_v in_o the_o fiar_n health_n or_o liege_n pouste_a it_o do_v not_o alter_v the_o succession_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o the_o investiture_n though_o as_o be_v of_o itself_o or_o have_v in_o it_o virtuallie_o a_o personal_a obligation_n it_o may_v by_o process_n compel_v the_o fire_n or_o his_o heir_n to_o denude_v themselves_o and_o to_o obtain_v new_a infeftment_n conform_v thereto_o as_o if_o by_o contract_n any_o party_n may_v be_v provide_v to_o be_v the_o contracter_n heir_n in_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n his_o provision_n do_v not_o make_v that_o party_n heir_n in_o any_o right_n whereupon_o infeftment_n have_v follow_v which_o only_o proper_o be_v heritable_a right_n neither_o can_v that_o party_n be_v serve_v heir_n of_o provision_n to_o the_o contracter_n thereupon_o yet_o the_o contracter_n may_v be_v compel_v to_o take_v his_o right_n according_o to_o himself_o and_o these_o heir_n of_o provision_n which_o if_o he_o have_v not_o do_v his_o other_o heir_n may_v be_v compel_v to_o enter_v and_o to_o denude_v themselves_o in_o favour_n of_o that_o party_n provide_v to_o be_v heir_n conform_v to_o the_o contract_n but_o disposition_n obligation_n or_o contract_n of_o any_o heritable_a right_n on_o deathbed_n be_v null_n and_o reduceable_a in_o so_o far_o as_o may_v prejudge_v the_o heir_n 27._o the_o privilege_n of_o heir_n not_o be_v prejudge_v by_o their_o predecessor_n deed_n do_v on_o deathbed_n be_v as_o most_o of_o our_o law_n by_o ancient_a custom_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o not_o by_o statute_n or_o write_v law_n for_o though_o the_o book_n call_v regiam_fw-la majestatem_fw-la treat_v thereof_o yet_o these_o be_v no_o part_n of_o our_o law_n but_o have_v be_v compyl_v by_o some_o stranger_n who_o have_v not_o full_o know_v our_o
the_o debtor_n the_o executor_n not_o be_v call_v march_n 9_o 1627._o forrester_n contra_fw-la clerk_n and_o before_o the_o pursuit_n against_o the_o debtor_n at_o the_o legatar_n instance_n be_v simple_o repel_v not_o be_v against_o the_o executor_n february_n 4._o 1623._o laird_n of_o balnamoon_n contra_fw-la balcomie_n yet_o process_n be_v sustain_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o universal_a legatar_n against_o the_o debtor_n the_o executor_n be_v also_o call_v here_o there_o be_v malversation_n betwixt_o the_o executor_n and_o debtor_n but_o ordinary_o legatar_n have_v no_o immediate_a action_n against_o the_o debtor_n of_o the_o defunct_a but_o only_o against_o his_o executor_n hope_n legacy_n ballantine_n contra_fw-la mr._n john_n eliot_n legacy_n may_v be_v leave_v not_o only_o in_o testament_n or_o codicil_n but_o where_o there_o be_v none_o or_o where_o there_o be_v in_o contract_n letter_n or_o ticket_n apart_o though_o the_o legacy_n be_v not_o in_o the_o confirmation_n december_n 1._o 1629._o executor_n of_o sir_n william_n scot_n contra_fw-la arthur_n rae_n 39_o legacy_n and_o donation_n in_o contemplation_n of_o death_n or_o do_v on_o death_n bed_n albeit_o as_o inter_fw-la vivos_fw-la yet_o be_v of_o movable_n as_o bond_n assignation_n or_o gift_n of_o money_n or_o good_n on_o deathbed_n have_v the_o like_a effect_n and_o be_v only_o effectual_a as_o to_o the_o defunct_n free_a good_n at_o his_o disposal_n which_o be_v call_v the_o dead_n part_n and_o if_o the_o whole_a legacy_n exceed_v dead_a be_v part_n of_o the_o free_a gear_n regular_o they_o be_v abate_v proportional_o wherein_o there_o be_v no_o preference_n nor_o privilege_n grant_v to_o legacy_n leave_v ad_fw-la pias_fw-la causas_fw-la as_o for_o building_n of_o a_o kirk_n deliver_v by_o the_o defunct_a long_o ere_o he_o die_v which_o suffer_v proportionable_a defalcation_n with_o the_o ordinary_a legacy_n july_n 8._o 1630._o doctor_n monro_n contra_fw-la executor_n of_o william_n scot._n but_o if_o the_o defunct_a express_v his_o will_n to_o leave_v a_o legacy_n without_o defalcation_n it_o will_v not_o be_v defalk_v with_o the_o other_o legacy_n 40._o whether_o a_o special_a legacy_n without_o such_o express_a will_n of_o the_o defunct_a will_v be_v abate_v proportional_o with_o other_o legacy_n i_o have_v not_o observe_v oft_o decide_v but_o i_o conceive_v it_o will_v not_o bear_v proportional_a deduction_n because_o though_o not_o the_o express_v yet_o the_o tacit_n and_o presume_a will_n of_o the_o defunct_a seem_v to_o be_v so_o else_o why_o shall_v he_o leave_v that_o legacy_n more_o special_o than_o the_o rest_n which_o be_v more_o clear_a in_o thing_n leave_v in_o legacy_n as_o when_o a_o horse_n sword_n clothes_n etc._n etc._n be_v leave_v and_o the_o other_o legacy_n be_v not_o special_a there_o seem_v no_o reason_n upon_o fail_v of_o the_o other_o legacy_n to_o burden_n the_o special_a legacy_n abate_v they_o can_v be_v directly_z not_o be_v quantity_n but_o body_n the_o same_o reason_n be_v in_o sum_n special_o legate_n for_o though_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o the_o defunct_n reason_n may_v be_v to_o leave_v such_o a_o special_a debt_n to_o such_o a_o legatar_n not_o as_o a_o 〈◊〉_d but_o because_o that_o debtor_n be_v less_o solvendo_fw-la yet_o with_o that_o hazard_n the_o other_o advantage_n be_v consequent_a that_o as_o he_o will_v get_v no_o benefit_n with_o the_o other_o legatar_n sole_o shall_v bear_v no_o abatement_n with_o they_o it_o be_v so_o decide_v july_n 21._o 1665._o spreul_n contra_fw-la murray_n 41._o quaeritur_fw-la whether_o as_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n so_o with_o we_o if_o the_o testator_n leave_v a_o special_a legacy_n of_o that_o which_o he_o know_v be_v not_o his_o own_o it_o will_v be_v valid_a quoad_fw-la valorem_fw-la it_o be_v find_v that_o a_o special_a legacy_n leave_v of_o a_o heritable_a bond_n which_o fall_v not_o in_o executory_a be_v valid_a to_o affect_v the_o dead_n part_n of_o movable_n pro_fw-la tanto_fw-la 22_o of_o januarie_n 1624._o drummond_n contra_fw-la drummond_n a_o legacy_n by_o a_o wife_n ordain_v a_o executor_n to_o discharge_v a_o bond_n to_o the_o legatar_n be_v find_v valid_a and_o to_o be_v make_v up_o by_o the_o wife_n executor_n albeit_o the_o half_n of_o the_o bond_n belong_v to_o the_o husband_n jure_fw-la mariti_fw-la as_o be_v legatum_fw-la rei_fw-la aliena_fw-la scienter_fw-la legatae_fw-la and_o the_o wife_n be_v presume_v to_o know_v that_o common_a principle_n in_o law_n and_o not_o to_o be_v ignorant_a thereof_o 18._o of_o june_n 1664._o murray_n contra_fw-la executor_n of_o rutherfoord_n it_o be_v also_o so_o decide_v of_o a_o bond_n leave_v in_o legacy_n which_o bond_n have_v be_v assign_v by_o the_o defunct_a to_o another_o short_o before_o his_o death_n whereof_o he_o be_v presume_v not_o to_o be_v ignorant_a 14._o june_n 1664._o alexander_n falconer_n contra_fw-la mr._n john_n dowgal_n the_o like_a be_v find_v of_o a_o legacy_n leave_v by_o a_o defunct_a out_o of_o a_o sum_n he_o have_v upon_o such_o land_n which_o sum_n he_o can_v not_o but_o know_v be_v heritable_a and_o can_v not_o be_v legate_n wherethe_v executor_n who_o be_v also_o heir_n be_v deceme_v to_o make_v good_a the_o legacy_n 2._o of_o december_n 1674._o robert_n cranstoun_n contra_fw-la brown_n yet_o a_o legacy_n be_v special_a bear_v such_o a_o bond_n to_o be_v confirm_v and_o communicate_v to_o the_o legatar_n be_v not_o find_v due_a or_o to_o be_v make_v up_o in_o respect_n that_o after_o the_o legacy_n the_o defunct_a make_v that_o bond_n heritable_a by_o a_o superveen_a security_n which_o do_v import_v the_o revocation_n of_o the_o legacy_n july_n 8._o 1673._o grizel_n edmondstoun_n contra_fw-la margaret_n primrose_n but_o where_o the_o testator_n give_v a_o special_a legacy_n of_o that_o which_o he_o suppose_v to_o be_v his_o own_o he_o give_v it_o but_o as_o he_o have_v it_o without_o any_o warrandice_n be_v mere_o gratuitous_a and_o the_o executor_n be_v not_o oblige_v to_o make_v it_o good_a as_o if_o he_o legate_n a_o sum_n which_o he_o suppose_v movable_a and_o yet_o be_v true_o heritable_a february_n 21._o 1663._o anna_n wardlaw_n contra_fw-la frazer_n of_o kilmundie_n 42._o legacy_n be_v sometime_o leave_v together_o in_o one_o writ_n and_o sometime_o by_o posterior_n writ_n which_o do_v not_o derogat_n to_o the_o prior_n legacy_n but_o all_o come_v in_o together_o if_o they_o exceed_v the_o defunct_n part_n they_o suffer_v all_o proportional_a abatement_n except_o such_o as_o be_v special_a legacy_n for_o if_o one_o thing_n or_o sum_n be_v special_o legate_n to_o one_o person_n and_o by_o a_o posterior_n write_v be_v legate_n to_o another_o the_o posterior_n legacy_n take_v place_n and_o be_v a_o revocation_n of_o the_o former_a and_o they_o do_v not_o come_v in_o together_o concursu_fw-la part_n facere_fw-la as_o they_o will_v do_v if_o leave_v in_o one_o writ_n by_o the_o roman_a law_n and_o each_o legatar_n will_v have_v but_o a_o half_a but_o we_o have_v no_o such_o custom_n or_o style_n to_o legate_n the_o same_o thing_n entire_o to_o different_a person_n in_o the_o same_o writ_n and_o if_o that_o shall_v happen_v it_o be_v like_a that_o the_o posterior_n legacy_n though_o in_o the_o same_o writ_n will_v exclude_v the_o prior_n as_o a_o alteration_n of_o the_o testator_n mind_n while_o his_o testament_n be_v a_o frame_n for_o it_o be_v ordinary_a in_o the_o same_o writ_n to_o alter_v prior_n clause_n by_o posterior_n there_o be_v also_o this_o exception_n of_o the_o consistency_n of_o legacy_n leave_v at_o diverse_a time_n that_o the_o assignation_n as_o inter_fw-la vivos_fw-la on_o deathbed_n have_v only_o the_o effect_n of_o legacy_n yet_o posterior_n assignation_n though_o not_o special_a but_o general_o out_o of_o so_o much_o of_o the_o defunct_n mean_n be_v preferable_a to_o prior_n general_a assignation_n july_n 21._o 1676._o trail_n contra_fw-la gordoun_n and_o bond_n of_o provision_n to_o child_n on_o deathbed_n though_o they_o have_v but_o the_o effect_n of_o legacy_n yet_o they_o do_v not_o come_v in_o with_o prio_fw-la legacy_n to_o suffer_v a_o proportional_a abatement_n but_o be_v prefer_v thereto_o december_n 14._o 1676._o katharin_n mitchel_n contra_fw-la litlejohn_n and_o a_o defunct_a have_v on_o deathbed_n give_v assignation_n to_o one_o of_o his_o child_n to_o some_o of_o his_o bond_n and_o thereafter_o by_o his_o testament_n nominat_fw-la that_o child_n and_o a_o other_o his_o executor_n and_o universal_a legatar_n the_o universal_a legacy_n be_v not_o find_v to_o take_v away_o the_o prior_n assignation_n though_o the_o same_o be_v not_o deliver_v nor_o do_v contain_v a_o claunse_v dispense_n with_o delivery_n but_o that_o child_n have_v both_o the_o assignation_n and_o the_o half_n of_o the_o remainder_n of_o dead_n part_n january_n 29._o 1677._o aikman_n contra_fw-la successor_n of_o david_n boyd_n a_o legacy_n by_o a_o husband_n to_o his_o wife_n