have_v follow_v l._n cumamplius_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr regulis_fw-la juris_fw-la but_o especial_o this_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n prov._n 6._o 1._o if_o thou_o be_v surety_n for_o a_o friend_n if_o thou_o have_v strike_v thy_o hand_n with_o a_o stranger_n thou_o be_v take_v with_o the_o word_n of_o thy_o mouth_n and_o the_o performance_n of_o word_n be_v acknowledge_v a_o part_n of_o god_n righteousness_n nehemiah_n 9_o vers_fw-la 8._o hebrew_n 10._o vers_fw-la 23._o where_o it_o be_v acknowledge_v a_o part_n of_o god_n faithfulness_n and_o if_o promise_v be_v not_o moral_o obliege_v they_o can_v have_v no_o effect_n but_o by_o positive_a law_n which_o be_v no_o more_o itself_o then_o a_o public_a paction_n laborans_fw-la eodem_fw-la morbo_fw-la and_o then_o all_o paction_n and_o agreement_n among_o nation_n will_v be_v ineffectual_a and_o all_o commerce_n and_o society_n among_o man_n shall_v be_v destroy_v paction_n contract_n covenant_n and_o agreement_n be_v synonimous_a term_n both_o in_o themselves_o and_o according_a to_o the_o recent_a custom_n of_o this_o and_o other_o nation_n so_o that_o it_o will_v be_v unnecessar_n to_o trace_v the_o many_o subtlety_n and_o difference_n among_o paction_n and_o contract_n in_o the_o roman_a law_n 11._o this_o much_o only_a in_o a_o word_n their_o contract_n be_v of_o four_o kind_n either_o perfect_v by_o thing_n word_n write_v or_o sole_a consent_n contract_n by_o intervention_n of_o thing_n remain_v naked_a paction_n ineffectual_a until_o something_o be_v give_v or_o do_v by_o either_o party_n to_o other_o such_o be_v all_o these_o contract_n which_o be_v call_v innominat_fw-la which_o have_v not_o a_o special_a name_n and_o nature_n acknowledge_v in_o the_o law_n and_o therefore_o oblige_v not_o by_o sole_a consent_n but_o the_o give_v or_o do_v of_o the_o one_o party_n only_o obliege_v the_o other_o as_o permutation_n excambion_n or_o exchange_n when_o either_o a_o thing_n be_v give_v for_o another_o or_o a_o thing_n be_v give_v for_o a_o deed_n work_n or_o use_v or_o one_o deed_n or_o work_n be_v do_v for_o another_o for_o the_o which_o the_o law_n have_v no_o special_a name_n and_o therefore_o name_v they_o do_v ut_fw-mi des_fw-fr do_v ut_fw-la facias_fw-la facere_fw-la ut_fw-la facias_fw-la among_o real_a contract_n the_o law_n number_v matuum_fw-la and_o commodatum_fw-la for_o which_o we_o have_v but_o the_o one_o name_n of_o loan_n depositation_n or_o custody_n pignus_fw-la or_o pledge_v of_o which_o anon_o contract_v perfect_v by_o word_n be_v stipulation_n which_o be_v whole_o out_o of_o use_n we_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o of_o they_o then_o that_o before_o be_v hint_v the_o three_o kind_n of_o contract_n be_v these_o which_o have_v their_o force_n by_o write_n and_o therefore_o be_v call_v chyrographa_n the_o hand_n write_v or_o subscription_n of_o the_o debtor_n by_o which_o he_o acknowledge_v the_o receipt_n of_o so_o much_o money_n either_o in_o borrow_v or_o tocher_n and_o according_o be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v at_o his_o day_n or_o at_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o marriage_n these_o write_v for_o the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n after_o their_o date_n and_o delivery_n do_v not_o prove_v the_o recept_n of_o the_o money_n as_o they_o express_v but_o during_o that_o time_n if_o the_o creditor_n pursue_v thereupon_o he_o must_v prove_v the_o delivery_n of_o the_o money_n and_o the_o law_n presume_v that_o the_o write_v be_v give_v spe_fw-la numerandaepecuniae_fw-la upon_o hope_n of_o delivery_n of_o the_o money_n but_o after_o the_o two_o year_n it_o presume_v the_o money_n to_o be_v deliver_v and_o therefore_o than_o the_o write_n be_v 〈◊〉_d and_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o obligation_n whether_o the_o money_n be_v deliver_v or_o not_o after_o which_o the_o debtor_n can_v not_o prove_v the_o not_o delivery_n of_o the_o money_n even_o by_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o creditor_n l._n in_o contractibus_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr non_fw-fr numerata_fw-la pecunia_fw-la but_o this_o be_v also_o change_v with_o we_o and_o with_o the_o neighbour_n nation_n as_o baldimius_fw-la testify_v ad_fw-la titulum_fw-la just._n de_fw-fr lit_fw-fr oblige_v and_o boetius_fw-la de_fw-la consuetudine_fw-la do_fw-mi de_fw-fr jurisdic_n and_o rebuffus_n ad_fw-la proximum_fw-la con_v reg._n gloss_n 5._o num_fw-la 59_o so_o now_o the_o custom_n be_v that_o the_o write_v be_v not_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o obligation_n but_o be_v only_o a_o probation_n of_o the_o promise_n though_o in_o some_o case_n it_o be_v a_o necessary_a solemnity_n till_o which_o the_o party_n may_v resile_n as_o have_v be_v former_o show_v but_o the_o write_v be_v subscribe_v and_o deliver_v prove_v from_o its_o date_n and_o be_v valide_fw-la unless_o it_o be_v improven_v yet_o so_o as_o it_o admit_v contrair_a probation_n by_o the_o creditor_n oath_n or_o write_v though_o the_o write_v bear_v the_o numeration_n of_o money_n and_o do_v express_o renounce_v the_o exception_n of_o not_o numerate_v money_n the_o last_o kind_n of_o contract_n be_v these_o which_o be_v by_o sole_a consent_n as_o be_v the_o contract_n of_o sale_n location_n or_o hire_v society_n and_o mandate_n or_o commission_n but_o not_o only_o now_o these_o but_o all_o other_o promise_v and_o paction_n be_v valide_fw-la contract_n by_o sole_a consent_n except_o where_o write_n be_v requisite_a as_o be_v before_o express_v and_o this_o consent_n may_v be_v either_o express_v by_o word_n write_v or_o fact_n by_o do_v deed_n import_v consent_n which_o therefore_o be_v call_v homologation_n whereof_o acceptance_n of_o any_o right_n be_v a_o special_a kind_n and_o it_o take_v place_n in_o many_o case_n but_o it_o can_v take_v place_n unless_o it_o be_v prove_v or_o presume_v that_o the_o homologator_fw-la know_v the_o right_n and_o therefore_o a_o bond_n draw_v in_o name_n of_o several_a apprizer_n to_o communicate_v their_o right_n and_o subscribe_v by_o some_o find_v not_o homologat_v by_o one_o who_o subscribe_v not_o see_v it_o appear_v not_o that_o he_o know_v thereof_o though_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la he_o concur_v in_o pursuit_n with_o these_o apprizer_n to_o exclude_v other_o right_n july_n 6._o 1661._o telfair_n contra_fw-la maxtoun_n and_o cunninghame_n neither_o do_v homologation_n take_v place_n where_o the_o deed_n do_v may_v be_v attribute_n to_o another_o cause_n and_o so_o possess_v land_n whereof_o there_o be_v a_o infeftment_n grant_v in_o satisfaction_n of_o a_o wife_n contract_n be_v not_o infer_v where_o she_o be_v appearand_a heir_n to_o another_o person_n infeft_v december_n 12._o 1665._o christian_n barns_n contra_fw-la helen_n young_a but_o such_o a_o infeftment_n be_v find_v homologat_v by_o seven_o year_n possession_n and_o set_v several_a tack_n as_o liferenter_fw-la though_o there_o be_v a_o general_a obligement_n to_o infeft_a the_o wife_n in_o land_n of_o such_o a_o value_n none_o be_v express_v though_o it_o be_v not_o instruct_v that_o the_o warrant_n of_o the_o seize_v be_v ever_o know_v to_o the_o woman_n and_o only_o general_o mention_v in_o the_o band_n but_o her_o knowledge_n be_v presume_v after_o so_o many_o act_n november_n 14._o 1665._o barbara_n skein_n and_o mr._n david_n thores_fw-la contra_fw-la sir_n andrew_n ramsay_n neither_o be_v a_o debt_n find_v homologate_v by_o payment_n on_o a_o decreet_a be_v pronounce_v by_o the_o english_a officer_n before_o law_n be_v patent_n july_n 24._o 1661._o jack_n contra_fw-la fidde_n neither_o do_v payment_n of_o one_o article_n of_o a_o decret_a arbitral_n homologate_v other_o of_o a_o different_a nature_n november_n 22._o 1662._o pringle_n contra_fw-la dune_n homologation_n of_o a_o father_n legacy_n as_o to_o his_o child_n be_v infer_v by_o his_o relic_n confirm_v the_o testament_n without_o protestation_n not_o to_o approve_v that_o legacy_n february_n 19_o 1663._o bessie_n muir_n contra_fw-la jean_n stirling_n but_o where_o a_o relict_n in_o the_o confirmation_n protest_v not_o to_o prejudge_v she_o own_o right_n by_o a_o provision_n contain_v in_o the_o testament_n in_o favour_n of_o her_o daughter_n it_o be_v not_o find_v to_o homologate_v the_o same_o july_n 12._o 1671._o marjory_n murray_n contra_fw-la isobel_n murray_n homologation_n of_o a_o fewars_n right_o not_o infer_v by_o acceptance_n of_o two_o year_n duty_n after_o declarator_n of_o the_o nullity_n further_o than_o that_o no_o more_o can_v be_v demand_v for_o these_o two_o year_n june_n 6._o 1666._o earl_n of_o cassils_n contra_fw-la sir_n andrew_n agnew_n neither_o do_v the_o payment_n of_o some_o year_n annualrent_a homologat_v a_o decret_a of_o poind_v the_o ground_n as_o be_v a_o act_n necessary_a to_o shun_v poind_v of_o the_o tenant_n february_n 9_o 1672._o cockburn_n of_o piltoun_n contra_fw-la halyburtoun_n and_o burnet_n neither_o do_v a_o minister_n receive_v a_o tack_v duty_n of_o teind_n hinder_v he_o to_o reduce_v the_o tack_v thereafter_o as_o be_v without_o consent_n of_o the_o patron_n february_n 27._o 1668._o mr._n william_n
material_n be_v make_v use_n of_o bona_fw-la or_o mala_fw-la fide_fw-la yea_o though_o the_o material_n be_v affect_v with_o theft_n which_o in_o other_o case_n be_v labes_fw-la realis_fw-la the_o public_a interest_n will_v not_o suffer_v demolition_n but_o give_v the_o prior_n owner_n the_o value_n secundum_fw-la pretium_fw-la affectionis_fw-la and_o further_o punish_v the_o transgressor_n as_o the_o roman_a law_n give_v the_o double_a value_n but_o if_o before_o receive_v of_o that_o satisfaction_n the_o building_n become_v to_o be_v demolish_v there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o the_o owner_n of_o such_o material_n will_v recover_v the_o same_o rei_fw-la vindicatione_n upon_o the_o like_a ground_n of_o common_a utility_n the_o roman_a law_n do_v constitute_v property_n by_o contexture_n whereby_o the_o material_n wrought_v into_o cloth_n garment_n or_o other_o artifact_n do_v become_v the_o property_n of_o the_o owner_n of_o that_o artifact_n if_o without_o destruction_n thereof_o or_o considerable_a detriment_n thereto_o such_o material_n can_v not_o be_v separate_a therefrom_o in_o which_o they_o make_v no_o difference_n whether_o these_o material_n be_v make_v use_n of_o bona_fw-la or_o mala_fw-la fide_fw-la nor_o do_v the_o inherent_a labes_fw-la of_o material_n steal_v hinder_v the_o accession_n and_o appropriation_n thereof_o by_o contexture_n §_o 26._o instit_n de_fw-fr rerum_fw-la divisione_n but_o both_o in_o constructure_n and_o contexture_n he_o who_o thereby_o acquire_v the_o property_n of_o material_n belong_v to_o other_o owner_n see_v restitution_n thereof_o cease_v he_o be_v liable_a not_o only_o for_o recompense_n in_o quantum_fw-la locupletior_fw-la fastus_fw-la est_fw-la but_o also_o for_o reparation_n of_o the_o damage_n of_o the_o former_a owner_n in_o which_o the_o manner_n of_o acquisition_n be_v consider_v for_o if_o the_o material_n of_o other_o be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o constructure_n or_o contexture_n bona_fw-la fide_fw-la the_o orninar_a value_n thereof_o be_v only_o due_a but_o otherways_o the_o great_a value_n according_a to_o the_o estimation_n of_o the_o former_a owner_n per_fw-la pretium_fw-la affectionis_fw-la in_o contexture_n it_o be_v consider_v what_o be_v the_o design_n of_o the_o artefact_n that_o it_o may_v appear_v what_o it_o be_v principal_a and_o what_o it_o be_v accessary_a as_o in_o clothes_n the_o material_n though_o much_o more_o precious_a than_o the_o cloth_n be_v accessary_a thereto_o and_o the_o property_n of_o the_o whole_a befall_v not_o to_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o material_n but_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o clothes_n and_o precious_a stone_n set_v in_o ring_n be_v accessary_a thereto_o though_o more_o precious_a than_o the_o gold_n or_o other_o material_a of_o the_o ring_n but_o otherways_o if_o a_o gemm_n beset_v in_o gold_n the_o gold_n become_v accessary_a thereto_o and_o wherever_o the_o case_n be_v dubious_a that_o which_o be_v of_o great_a value_n carry_v the_o property_n of_o the_o whole_a albeit_o that_o contraversy_n have_v be_v seldom_o move_v with_o we_o as_o to_o constructure_n or_o contexture_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o we_o will_v proceed_v upon_o the_o like_a ground_n of_o equity_n and_o utility_n upon_o the_o like_a ground_n of_o accession_n question_n in_o relation_n to_o picture_n be_v to_o be_v resolve_v for_o if_o the_o ground_n broad_a or_o table_n of_o a_o picture_n belong_v to_o one_o and_o the_o same_o be_v paint_v by_o another_o either_o for_o his_o own_o use_n or_o for_o the_o use_n of_o a_o three_o party_n there_o do_v not_o continue_v two_o distinct_a property_n one_o of_o the_o broad_a and_o another_o of_o the_o picture_n nor_o a_o communion_n by_o proportion_n of_o interest_n but_o the_o property_n of_o the_o whole_a befall_v to_o one_o as_o to_o which_o there_o be_v a_o contrariety_n betwixt_o the_o two_o roman_a jurisconsults_a paulus_n and_o caius_n for_o paulus_n allow_v the_o picture_n to_o follow_v the_o broad_a as_o accessary_a thereto_o and_o carry_v therewith_o l._n in_o rem_fw-la 23._o §_o 3._o ff_n de_fw-fr rei_fw-la vindicatione_n but_o caius_n on_o the_o contrair_a attribute_v the_o broad_a as_o accessary_a to_o the_o picture_n l._n 9_o §_o 2._o ff_n de_fw-fr acquirendo_fw-la rerum_fw-la dominio_fw-la and_o both_o sentence_n be_v confirm_v by_o justinian_n in_o the_o digest_v in_o the_o institutes_n he_o prefer_v the_o opinion_n of_o caius_n §_o 34._o instit._fw-la de_fw-la rerum_fw-la divisione_n upon_o that_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v ridiculous_a that_o a_o precious_a picture_n of_o appelles_n shall_v follow_v a_o broad_a though_o of_o the_o low_a value_n albeit_o before_o precious_a stone_n though_o of_o great_a value_n than_o cloth_n be_v declare_v by_o he_o to_o be_v carry_v therewith_o positive_a law_n may_v determine_v the_o point_n either_o way_n without_o injustice_n according_a to_o equity_n and_o expediency_n but_o there_o be_v diverse_a case_n in_o the_o matter_n which_o shall_v be_v diverse_o resolve_v as_o first_o if_o any_o picture_n be_v paint_v upon_o a_o wall_n or_o other_o immovable_a it_o do_v necessary_o cede_fw-la to_o the_o ground_n thereof_o and_o quality_n wherever_o the_o picture_n be_v for_o ornament_n of_o its_o ground_n as_o when_o a_o scrine_n or_o cabin_n or_o the_o like_a movable_n be_v paint_v because_o the_o adorn_v of_o the_o ground_n be_v in_o that_o case_n design_v but_o a_o face_n or_o any_o other_o picture_n where_o the_o broad_a be_v only_o design_v for_o it_o the_o broad_a be_v most_o convenient_o esteem_v as_o accessary_a thereto_o and_o in_o all_o case_n the_o owner_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v liable_a in_o quantum_fw-la lucratus_fw-la est_fw-la even_o though_o the_o paint_n be_v do_v by_o he_o who_o know_v that_o the_o ground_n be_v not_o his_o own_o for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o presumption_n be_v not_o strong_a enough_o that_o he_o do_v it_o animo_fw-la donandi_fw-la for_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v that_o the_o make_v use_n of_o a_o inconsiderable_a broad_n of_o a_o other_o shall_v infer_v the_o purpose_n of_o gift_v a_o fine_a picture_n thereupon_o neither_o that_o they_o who_o paint_v a_o wall_n scrine_n or_o box_n of_o other_o be_v articens_n who_o work_n for_o profit_n do_v the_o same_o to_o gift_n but_o to_o oblige_v the_o other_o party_n write_v upon_o parchment_n paper_n or_o other_o table_n be_v by_o the_o rontan_n law_n account_v as_o accessary_a thereto_o instit._fw-la de_fw-la rerum_fw-la divisione_n §_o 33._o l._n 3._o §_o pen._n ff_o ad_fw-la exhibendum_fw-la which_o be_v very_a disionant_n from_o that_o which_o be_v there_o determine_v of_o picture_n and_o therefore_o be_v every_o where_o in_o desuetude_n as_o be_v observe_v by_o grotius_n minsynger_v and_o other_o both_z as_o to_o write_v and_o print_n in_o the_o same_o way_n as_o paint_v for_o if_o the_o write_n be_v upon_o the_o wall_n or_o other_o movable_n of_o another_o or_o if_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o book_n of_o other_o it_o cede_v thereto_o but_o if_o it_o be_v upon_o paper_n or_o parchment_n the_o design_n and_o use_v whereof_o be_v for_o write_v and_o the_o use_n whereof_o be_v consume_v and_o lose_v by_o write_v it_o do_v follow_v the_o write_n and_o it_o be_v very_o unreasonable_a to_o think_v that_o the_o evident_n and_o security_n of_o land_n or_o any_o manuscript_n shall_v be_v accessary_a to_o the_o paper_n or_o parchment_n whereon_o they_o be_v write_v and_o which_o be_v only_o design_v to_o bear_v and_o preserve_v the_o write_n 38._o it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o the_o roman_a law_n which_o we_o follow_v inedificatum_fw-la solo_fw-la cedit_fw-la for_o thereby_o all_o building_n of_o house_n wall_n wells_n dyk_n etc._n etc._n and_o general_o all_o thing_n fix_v to_o the_o ground_n be_v account_v as_o part_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o pass_v therewith_o though_o not_o express_v to_o all_o singular_a successor_n and_o not_o to_o executor_n but_o to_o heir_n and_o thence_o not_o only_o the_o material_n of_o other_o become_v the_o owner_n of_o the_o ground_n on_o which_o they_o be_v build_v and_o for_o preserve_v of_o policy_n can_v be_v demolish_v as_o have_v be_v say_v of_o constructure_n but_o likeways_o he_o that_o build_v with_o his_o own_o material_n upon_o another_o man_n ground_n the_o samin_n accresce_fw-it to_o the_o ground_n and_o if_o the_o owner_n of_o these_o material_n know_v the_o ground_n to_o be_v another_o the_o roman_a law_n give_v he_o no_o recompense_n therefore_o but_o presume_v it_o to_o be_v do_v animo_fw-la donandi_fw-la which_o be_v rather_o penal_a in_o hatred_n of_o these_o who_o encroach_v upon_o the_o ground_n of_o other_o then_o from_o any_o sufficient_a ground_n of_o presumption_n and_o therefore_o our_o custom_n do_v allow_v a_o recompense_n to_o the_o builder_n in_o so_o far_o as_o the_o heretor_fw-la be_v profit_v thereby_o in_o that_o he_o may_v get_v a_o great_a rent_n for_o that_o building_n but_o building_n by_o tenant_n of_o house_n for_o their_o own_o use_n though_o at_o
shall_v not_o insist_v in_o these_o because_o the_o common_a custom_n of_o nation_n have_v refile_v therefrom_o follow_v rather_o the_o canon_n law_n by_o which_o every_o paction_n produce_v action_n omne_fw-la verbum_fw-la de_fw-la ore_fw-la fideli_fw-la cadit_fw-la in_o debitum_fw-la c._n 1._o &_o 3._o de_fw-fr pactis_fw-la and_o so_o observe_v guidilinus_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la nou._n l._n 3._o cap._n 5._o §_o ust_o and_o corvinus_n de_fw-fr pactis_fw-la we_o have_v a_o special_a statute_n of_o session_n november_n 27._o 1592._o acknowledge_v all_o paction_n and_o promise_n as_o effectual_a so_o it_o have_v be_v ever_o decide_v since_o january_n 14._o 1631._o sharp_a contra_fw-la sharp_n 8._o and_o even_o pactum_fw-la corvinum_fw-la de_fw-la haereditate_fw-la viventis_fw-la be_v find_v bind_v though_o among_o the_o most_o odious_a july_n 6._o 1630._o mr._n james_n aikenhead_n contra_fw-la b_n we_o l._n but_o pactum_fw-la de_fw-la quota_fw-la litis_fw-la whether_o it_o be_v a_o naked_a paction_n or_o promise_n or_o a_o mutual_a contract_n be_v reject_v both_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o our_o custom_n whereby_o advocat_n in_o place_n of_o their_o honorary_a take_v a_o share_n of_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o plea_n to_o prevent_v the_o stir_v up_o and_o too_o much_o eagerness_n in_o plea_n which_o be_v extend_v to_o a_o agent_n or_o writer_n if_o he_o have_v make_v such_o a_o paction_n before_o or_o during_o the_o plea_n but_o not_o after_o all_o plea_n be_v end_v have_v give_v bond_n to_o a_o appear_v and_o heir_n to_o denude_v himself_o of_o a_o right_n he_o have_v acquire_v for_o sum_n of_o money_n get_v his_o expense_n and_o a_o four_o part_n for_o his_o pain_n and_o hazard_n february_n 24._o 1675._o catharine_n home_n contra_fw-la mr._n archibald_n nisbit_n writer_n yea_o a_o advocate_n take_v assignation_n to_o a_o part_n of_o a_o plea_n it_o be_v find_v pactum_fw-la de_fw-la quota_fw-la litis_fw-la and_o process_n be_v thereby_o exclude_v though_o propon_v by_o the_o debtor_n and_o not_o by_o the_o party_n with_o who_o the_o paction_n be_v make_v but_o it_o be_v not_o find_v probable_a by_o that_o party_n oath_n alone_o as_o be_v but_o one_o witness_n june_n 23._o 1680._o edward_n ruthven_n contra_fw-la mr._n william_n weir_n paction_n for_o money_n play_v or_o other_o prize_n play_v at_o game_n of_o fortoun_n such_o as_o card_n dice_n etc._n etc._n find_v valid_a as_o to_o the_o debtor_n but_o the_o excress_n to_o be_v consign_v for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o poor_a if_o it_o exceed_v a_o hundred_o mark_v by_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1621._o cap._n 14._o nevember_n 12._o 1668._o patrick_n park_n contra_fw-la nicol_n somervel_n instead_o of_o the_o remeid_n of_o stipulation_n the_o inconvenience_n that_o reject_v naked_a paction_n among_o the_o roman_n be_v remeided_a with_o we_o by_o this_o mean_n 9_o first_o if_o the_o matter_n be_v of_o great_a moment_n and_o which_o require_v to_o its_o perfection_n solemnity_n in_o write_n all_o such_o agreement_n promise_n and_o paction_n be_v account_v imperfect_a and_o not_o obligator_n until_o write_v be_v subscribe_v such_o as_o disposition_n of_o land_n and_o heritable_a right_n tack_n rental_n and_o assignation_n to_o writ_n etc._n etc._n in_o all_o which_o there_o be_v locus_fw-la penitentiae_fw-la even_o after_o the_o agreement_n and_o either_o party_n may_v resile_a till_o the_o write_v be_v subscribe_v and_o deliver_v it_o be_v so_o find_v though_o the_o buyer_n by_o a_o missive_n letter_n write_v that_o he_o think_v he_o will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o furnish_v the_o money_n but_o that_o he_o will_v not_o pass_v from_o the_o commune_n see_v there_o be_v no_o minute_n nor_o obligation_n otherways_o january_n 20._o 1663._o sir_n robert_n montgomery_n of_o skermor_o contra_fw-la john_n brown_n so_o be_v it_o also_o sound_a that_o a_o cautioner_n subscribe_v a_o bond_n may_v resile_a before_o it_o be_v deliver_v by_o he_o though_o it_o be_v subscribe_v and_o deliver_v by_o the_o principal_a and_o other_o cautioner_n before_o march_v 5._o 1628._o megil_n contra_fw-la thenilstoun_n the_o like_a of_o a_o disposition_n subscribe_v and_o leave_v in_o the_o writer_n hand_n to_o frame_v a_o charter_n by_o and_o a_o promise_n make_v after_o to_o abide_v by_o it_o see_v there_o be_v no_o delivery_n to_o the_o party_n nor_o to_o the_o writer_n to_o be_v give_v to_o he_o laird_n of_o innerleith_n contra_fw-la byres_n the_o like_a of_o a_o bargain_n of_o land_n agree_v upon_o by_o word_n some_o thing_n be_v do_v by_o the_o buyer_n in_o contemplation_n thereof_o be_v restore_v october_n 5._o 1628._o oliphant_n contra_fw-la monorgan_n the_o like_a in_o a_o tack_v for_o year_n which_o be_v find_v to_o endure_v but_o one_o year_n though_o the_o tacks-man_n be_v thereby_o in_o possession_n january_n 24._o 1630._o lowry_n contra_fw-la ker._n july_n 16._o 1636._o keith_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n yet_o a_o verbal_a tack_v for_o a_o year_n find_v not_o to_o be_v pass_v from_o see_v the_o tenant_n be_v thereby_o in_o possession_n and_o have_v be_v warn_v hope_n process_n john_n adamson_n contra_fw-la john_n fullartoun_n neither_o be_v it_o find_v competent_a to_o pass_v from_o a_o verbal_a rental_a where_o the_o grassoum_n be_v pay_v nicol._n de_fw-fr migrando_fw-la angus_n contra_fw-la mckie_n neither_o to_o pass_v from_o a_o rental_a deliver_v to_o the_o chamberlain_n to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o tenant_n upon_o payment_n of_o the_o grassoum_n in_o so_o far_o as_o concern_v these_o tenant_n who_o have_v pay_v a_o part_n of_o their_o grassoum_n nic._n remove_v eglintoun_n contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n neither_o be_v place_n find_v to_o resile_a from_o a_o transaction_n verbal_a see_v a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o soum_n transact_v for_o be_v satisfy_v february_n 25._o 1679._o king_n advocate_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o nithisdale_n neither_o be_v there_o locus_fw-la poenitentiae_fw-la in_o pactis_fw-la liberatoriis_fw-la where_o any_o right_n be_v pass_v from_o or_o restrict_v and_o no_o new_a right_o to_o be_v make_v december_n 5._o 1661._o helen_n hepburn_n contra_fw-la sir_n james_n hamiltoun_n of_o orbistoun_n the_o like_a in_o restrict_v a_o annualrent_n to_o a_o part_n of_o land_n affect_v therewith_o february_n 8._o 1666._o ker_n contra_fw-la hunter_n locus_fw-la poenitentiae_fw-la be_v find_v competent_a to_o a_o defender_n who_o produce_v a_o right_o grant_v by_o the_o charger_n with_o a_o blank_a assignation_n to_o instruct_v compensation_n which_o he_o get_v up_o before_o it_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o charger_n or_o any_o decreet_a thereon_o and_o no_o minute_n of_o the_o decreet_a be_v extant_a the_o suspender_n be_v find_v in_o tuto_fw-la to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o right_o compense_v on_o december_n 9_o 1674._o lord_n balmerino_n contra_fw-la the_o tenant_n of_o northberwick_n and_o creditor_n of_o sir_n william_n dick._n yea_o locus_fw-la poenitentiae_fw-la be_v find_v competent_a to_o resile_a from_o a_o bargain_n which_o may_v have_v be_v valid_a without_o write_n because_o it_o be_v express_o agree_v to_o be_v redact_v in_o write_n january_n 12._o 1676._o robert_n campbel_n contra_fw-la robert_n dowglas_n the_o other_o remedy_n we_o have_v in_o stead_n of_o stipulation_n be_v that_o by_o a_o statute_n of_o par._n 1579._o cap._n 80._o all_o write_v of_o great_a importance_n be_v to_o be_v subscribe_v by_o the_o party_n or_o by_o two_o nottar_n and_o four_o witness_n wherein_o custom_n have_v interpret_v matter_n of_o importance_n to_o be_v that_o which_o exceed_v a_o hundred_o pound_n scot_n and_o it_o be_v so_o far_o extend_v that_o in_o matter_n where_o write_v may_v and_o use_n to_o be_v adhibit_v probation_n be_v not_o admit_v by_o witness_n but_o only_o by_o oath_n of_o party_n or_o write_v by_o these_o remeid_n very_o necessary_o introduce_v the_o inconvenience_n aforesaid_a be_v sufficient_o caveat_n 10._o but_o to_o inquire_v whether_o promise_v or_o naked_a paction_n be_v moral_o obligatory_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n few_o do_v contravert_v yet_o conanus_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 6._o l._n 5._o c._n 9_o hold_v that_o promise_v or_o naked_a paction_n where_o there_o be_v no_o equivalent_a cause_n onerous_a interveen_n do_v moral_o produce_v no_o obligation_n or_o action_n though_o in_o congruity_n or_o decency_n it_o be_v fit_a to_o perform_v lest_o it_o be_v a_o argument_n of_o levity_n against_o which_o there_o be_v not_o only_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n which_o insinuat_v a_o anterior_a reason_n to_o its_o own_o position_n but_o also_o the_o civil_a law_n l._n 1._o ff_n de_fw-fr pactis_fw-la there_o be_v nothing_o so_o congruous_a to_o humane_a trust_n as_o to_o perform_v what_o be_v agree_v among_o they_o and_o the_o edict_n de_fw-fr constituta_fw-la pecunia_fw-la say_v it_o be_v suitable_a to_o natural_a equity_n and_o say_v far_a that_o he_o be_v debtor_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n who_o must_v pay_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n who_o faith_n we_o
and_o measure_n whereof_o the_o law_n do_v determine_v so_o that_o if_o the_o child_n be_v pass_v by_o in_o silence_n and_o neither_o institute_n nor_o exhaeridat_n the_o law_n declare_v the_o testament_n void_a and_o if_o they_o be_v exhaeridat_n without_o a_o due_a and_o true_a offence_n it_o do_v allow_v the_o child_n querelam_fw-la inofficiosi_fw-la testamenti_fw-la that_o be_v complaint_n against_o the_o testament_n make_v contra_fw-la officium_fw-la which_o be_v the_o natural_a obligation_n or_o duty_n of_o parent_n to_o provide_v their_o child_n for_o the_o like_a reason_n the_o same_o complaint_n be_v competent_a to_o the_o father_n against_o the_o testament_n of_o their_o child_n but_o because_o that_o remeid_v may_v have_v be_v eleided_a by_o exhaust_v the_o heritage_n by_o legacy_n whereby_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o child_n may_v prove_v ineffectual_a for_o their_o provision_n therefore_o the_o law_n allow_v child_n a_o legittime_n portion_n be_v the_o sourth_fw-mi part_n of_o the_o heritage_n which_o that_o it_o may_v extend_v to_o all_o heir_n falcidius_n be_v the_o author_n of_o that_o noble_a law_n restrain_v legacy_n so_o that_o there_o may_v remain_v a_o portion_n to_o the_o defunct_n heir_n which_o law_n and_o portion_n in_o honour_n of_o his_o name_n be_v call_v the_o falcidian_a law_n and_o portio_fw-la falcidia_fw-la whereby_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o free_a good_n of_o the_o testator_n remain_v always_o secure_a against_o legacy_n and_o when_o a_o new_a subtlety_n be_v invent_v to_o frustrate_v the_o falcidian_a law_n by_o take_v away_o the_o heritage_n not_o direct_o by_o legacy_n but_o indirect_o by_o trust_n or_o fidei-comisses_a trebellianus_n procure_v that_o ordinance_n of_o the_o senate_n call_v senatus-consultum_fw-la trebellianum_fw-la whereby_o that_o portion_n call_v also_o trebelliarica_fw-la shall_v remain_v safe_a against_o fideicommissarie_n trust_n and_o though_o it_o be_v the_o common_a opinion_n of_o the_o doctor_n that_o if_o the_o defunct_a express_o prohibit_v the_o heir_n to_o take_v the_o benefit_n of_o his_o falcidia_fw-la or_o trebellianica_fw-la they_o will_v be_v thereby_o exclude_v yet_o the_o common_a opinion_n be_v that_o it_o can_v be_v extend_v to_o child_n as_o to_o their_o legittime_n who_o the_o law_n have_v full_o secure_v either_o by_o ordain_v they_o to_o be_v institute_v heir_n in_o whole_a or_o at_o least_o in_o a_o four_o part_n which_o be_v their_o natural_a or_o legittime_o portion_n and_o if_o they_o be_v institute_n in_o less_o they_o have_v right_o to_o the_o supplement_n of_o their_o legittime_n portion_n or_o otherwise_o they_o must_v be_v express_o and_o just_o exheredat_fw-la and_o they_o have_v the_o common_a benefit_n of_o other_o heir_n of_o their_o falcidia_n or_o trebellian_n which_o the_o testator_n can_v frustrate_v with_o out_o express_a prohibition_n 16._o if_o there_o be_v no_o lawful_a testament_n by_o thelaw_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a roman_a law_n and_o in_o comparison_n of_o the_o praetorian_a or_o imperial_a law_n be_v only_o call_v the_o law_n or_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o succession_n of_o defunct_a fall_v in_o the_o first_o place_n to_o the_o defunct_n child_n or_o near_a descendants_n without_o distinction_n of_o any_o lawful_a child_n though_o adopt_a or_o posthumus_n or_o though_o of_o diverse_a lawful_a marriage_n whether_o male_a or_o female_a so_o that_o they_o remain_v in_o the_o defunct_n family_n and_o in_o his_o paternal_a power_n for_o these_o who_o be_v emancipat_v and_o demit_v from_o the_o family_n and_o from_o under_o the_o paternal_a power_n they_o be_v either_o real_o or_o presumptive_o provide_v and_o so_o have_v no_o share_n of_o the_o succession_n of_o this_o paternal_a power_n and_o emancipation_n see_v before_o tit._n obligation_n of_o parent_n these_o in_o the_o family_n be_v call_v haredes_n svi_fw-la &_o necessarij_fw-la because_o they_o be_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la heir_n without_o solemnity_n or_o entry_n among_o these_o the_o right_a of_o representation_n have_v place_n so_o that_o for_o example_n the_o grand_a child_n succeed_v with_o thechildren_n but_o not_o equal_o et_fw-la per_fw-la capita_fw-la but_o per_fw-la stirpes_fw-la for_o thegrand_n child_n have_v but_o the_o share_n of_o their_o defunct_a parent_n equal_o among_o they_o and_o so_o of_o all_o other_o descendants_n be_v in_o the_o family_n the_o praetor_n do_v in_o a_o part_n alter_v this_o and_o bring_v in_o the_o child_n or_o issue_n emancipat_v with_o those_o in_o the_o family_n without_o distinction_n provide_v the_o emancipat_v bring_v in_o their_o good_n and_o adject_v the_o same_o to_o the_o inheritance_n per_fw-la collationem_fw-la bonorum_fw-la yet_o because_o only_o the_o law_n that_o be_v the_o ancient_a law_n can_v make_v heir_n the_o emancipat_v be_v not_o call_v heir_n but_o bonorum_fw-la possessores_fw-la the_o praetorian_a law_n do_v also_o take_v off_o the_o necessity_n and_o damage_n of_o the_o succession_n that_o none_o may_v be_v necessitate_v to_o be_v heir_n yea_o all_o heir_n have_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o inventar_n be_v timeouslyand_n du_o make_v beyond_o which_o they_o be_v not_o liable_a for_o the_o defunct_n debt_n 17._o the_o next_o degree_n of_o succession_n by_o the_o ancient_a roman_a law_n be_v fail_v descendants_n in_o the_o family_n the_o near_a agnat_n of_o the_o same_o degree_n succeed_v but_o there_o be_v no_o succession_n ofparent_n nor_o of_o cognat_n relate_v by_o the_o mother_n side_n here_o mother_n comprehend_v grandmother_n and_o all_o other_o ascendentsof_n that_o kind_a so_o the_o next_o degree_n be_v of_o brethren_n and_o sister_n etc._n etc._n 18._o the_o praetorian_a law_n do_v also_o emendat_fw-la this_o and_o first_o bring_v in_o the_o father_n with_o the_o brother_n and_o sistersgerman_n or_o of_o both_o blood_n and_o thereafter_o the_o tertullian_n senatus-consult_a faill_v the_o father_n bring_v in_o the_o mother_n with_o the_o sister_n in_o their_o share_n but_o not_o with_o the_o brother_n german_n who_o if_o there_o be_v no_o sister_n german_a exclude_v their_o mother_n total_o and_o if_o for_o example_n there_o be_v a_o brother_n german_n and_o a_o sister_n german_n the_o father_n be_v dead_a the_o brother_n have_v the_o half_a and_o the_o sister_n half_a be_v divide_v equal_o betwixt_o she_o and_o her_o mother_n and_o so_o the_o mother_n be_v prefer_v to_o the_o father_n father_n and_o to_o the_o defunct_n brethren_n and_o sister_n of_o one_o blood_n faill_v those_o of_o this_o degree_n the_o brother_n and_o sister_n by_o the_o father_n side_n and_o these_o failling_a the_o near_a degree_n of_o agnat_n in_o which_o the_o parity_n of_o reason_n infer_v that_o as_o in_o brother_n and_o sister_n so_o in_o other_o collaterall_n these_o of_o both_o blood_n make_v a_o near_a degree_n than_o these_o of_o one_o blood_n faill_v all_o these_o the_o praetorian_a law_n admit_v spouse_n to_o be_v heir_n each_o to_o other_o the_o husband_n to_o the_o wife_n and_o the_o wife_n to_o the_o husband_n and_o last_o the_o fisk_n take_v place_n as_o last_o heir_n 19_o but_o the._n emperor_n justinian_n by_o the_o novel_a constitution_n 118._o cap._n 4._o take_v off_o all_o distinction_n of_o agnat_n and_o cognat_n and_o bring_v in_o the_o mother_n equal_o with_o the_o father_n with_o what_o reason_n or_o approbation_n we_o have_v touch_v before_o this_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o succession_n by_o the_o roman_a law_n wherein_o there_o be_v no_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d oveable_n or_o immovables_n and_o which_o take_v up_o no_o small_a part_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o law_n and_o write_n of_o the_o lawyer_n wherein_o to_o insist_v particular_o will_v raise_v a_o great_a bulk_n unnecessar_n for_o our_o purpose_n whereunto_o we_o conceive_v this_o summarie_n may_v suffice_v but_o while_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o law_n be_v trample_v down_o by_o the_o northern_a nation_n the_o feudal_n law_n arise_v and_o do_v yet_o continue_v with_o the_o civil_a law_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o other_o nation_n by_o which_o there_o be_v a_o great_a distinction_n introduce_v in_o the_o succession_n in_o movable_n and_o in_o land_n or_o immovables_n which_o be_v now_o of_o a_o feudal_a nature_n we_o shall_v therefore_o go_v on_o to_o the_o common_a feudal_n custom_n 20._o the_o feudal_n custom_n be_v local_a and_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o find_v a_o common_a rule_n therein_o for_o succession_n which_o be_v variable_a according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o place_n only_o if_o we_o call_v to_o mind_v what_o be_v former_o say_v title_n infeftment_n of_o the_o distinction_n of_o ancient_n and_o proper_a fee_n and_o of_o decline_a and_o improper_a fee_n the_o nature_n of_o proper_a fee_n will_v hold_v forth_o the_o matter_n of_o succession_n therein_o for_o a_o proper_a fee_n be_v free_o grant_v by_o the_o superior_a to_o his_o vassal_n for_o military_a service_n the_o vassal_n person_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o superior_a and_o a_o special_a