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A00440	The auncient ecclesiasticall histories of the first six hundred yeares after Christ, wrytten in the Greeke tongue by three learned historiographers, Eusebius, Socrates, and Euagrius. Eusebius Pamphilus Bishop of Cæsarea in Palæstina vvrote 10 bookes. Socrates Scholasticus of Constantinople vvrote 7 bookes. Euagrius Scholasticus of Antioch vvrote 6 bookes. VVhereunto is annexed Dorotheus Bishop of Tyrus, of the liues of the prophetes, apostles and 70 disciples. All which authors are faithfully translated out of the Greeke tongue by Meredith Hanmer, Maister of Arte and student in diuinitie. Last of all herein is contayned a profitable chronographie collected by the sayd translator, the title whereof is to be seene in the ende of this volume, with a copious index of the principall matters throughout all the histories; Ecclesiastical history. English	Eusebius, of Caesarea, Bishop of Caesarea, ca. 260-ca. 340.; Hanmer, Meredith, 1543-1604.; Socrates, Scholasticus, ca. 379-ca. 440. Ecclesiastical history. English. aut; Evagrius, Scholasticus, b. 536? Ecclesiastical history. English. aut; Dorotheus, Saint, 255-362, attributed name. aut	1577 (1577)	STC 10572; ESTC S121374	989,961	618

Iosep bell Iud. lib. 6. cap. 1. 2. Their estate was miserable the famyne lamentable the slaughter out of all measure such as came out of the city were hanged on gibbetts such as fledde away were taken of the fugitiues tvvo thousand had their bowels ript to see whether they had swalowed vp any golde lib. 6. cap. 15. report came vnto Titus that from the 14. of Aprill vntill the 14. of Iune there were brought out at one gate of the city fiftene thousande one hundred and foure score Ievves which dyed of famine bell Iud. lib. 6. cap. vlt. The temple is sett on fire the priestes the women and children with other people which hid them selues in vautts in walls and in corners of the temple which also were burnt to ashes came to six thousande lib 7. cap. 11. Titus tooke the citye the souldiours killed vntill they were weary Titus commaunded all that wore armour to be slayne such as were olde weake and feeeble the souldiours dispatched the yong the lusty and profitable they shutt vp in a certayne place of the temple for further consideration Many were solde for a smale price there were many to be solde but few to bye all the theeues robbers and seditious persons within the city he commaunded forth with to be dispatched the chosen yong men of goodly bodyes and tall stature he reserued for triumphe seuentene thousand of elderly yeares he sent bound to Aegypt for slauery druggery â–ª many others through out the prouinces he allotted for spectacles and teeth of wild beastes â–ª as many as were vnder sixtene yeres â–ª of age were solde â–ª of such as were shutt vp in the temple for further consideration during the time of this deliberation and disposed order there dyed tvvelue thousande of famine Iosep bell Iud. lib. 7. cap. 15. 16. The number of the captiues during the tyme of the warres mounted to foure score and seuentene thousande The number of all that dyed during the siedge within Ierusalem came to tenne hundred thousande no maruell at all that the city could comprise so many for at the feast of the Passeouer Cestius being Lieuetenant of Iudaea sent Neroworde that the high priestes had numbred at his request all that came to offer which came to seuen and tvventy hundred thousande lib. 7. cap. 17. and suche was the wofull and miserable ende of the Iewes Iosephus moreouer lib. 7. bell Iud. cap. 18. writeth of Ierusalem that it was taken at sondry tymes before his wordes be these Ierusalem vvas taken the 2. yeare of the raigne of Vespasian the 8. day of September it vvas taken fiue tymes before then agayne destroyed Asochaeus King of the Aegyptians after him Antiochus then Pompeius after these Herode and Sosius tooke the city and kept it â–ª and before that tyme the King of Babylon by conquest destroyed it a thousande three hundred three score yeares eyght moneths and six dayes after the building thereof The first founder of this city vvas the most potent Prince of the Chananits called after his contrey language The iust king â–ª for such a one he vvas in deede â–ª therfore he first ordayned a priesthood vnto God and hauing first buylded the temple he termed the city Ierusalem vvhich afore vvas called Solyma Leobius King of the Ievves hauing vanquished the Chananits deliuered the city to be inhabited of his ovvne people the vvhich vvas ouerthrovvne by the Babylonians foure hundred three score foure yeares and three monethes after From Leobius the King vvhich vvas the first Ievve that raygned in it vnto the ouerthrovv vnder Titus there vvere one thousande one hundred seuenty and seuen yeares Yet for all that neyther did antiquity preuayle neyther great riches profit neyther the fame dispersed throughout the whole worlde fauour them neyther the great glory they put in their religion helpe them at all that the city shoulde not perishe Discite iustitiam moniti non temnere Christum CAP. IX Of Iosephus and his commentaries in the ninth and tenth chapiters folowing BEsides all this I thinke it good not to be ignorant of Iosephus him selfe that hath stoode vs in so great steade for the furnishing of this our present historye whence and of what kindred he came which circumstance he him selfe sheweth saying thus Iosephus the sonne of Mattathias a priest of Ierusalem vvhich him selfe also at the first impugned the Romaynes and vvas necessarily present at the finall ende of their vvofull miseryes because of the Ievves of that tyme. This man was famous not onely among his owne nation but also among the Romaynes so that at Rome he was thought worthy the honor of a grauen picture and the bookes which diligently he wrote were thought worthy of the publike librarye He wrote tvventy bookes of Iudaicall Antiquities he testifieth him selfe therefore worthy of creditt that he gathered in seuen bookes the Romayne vvarres of his tyme and published it both in the Greeke and Hebrewe tongues Certayne others worthy the reading passe vnder his name for example Tvvo volumes of the Antiquitie of the Ievvish nation where he aunswereth Apion Grammaticus and certayne others which at that tyme impugned the Ievves and endeuored to disgrace the natiue lawe of the Iewishe nation In the first he layeth downe the number of the bookes of the olde testament deliuered by tradition and receaued without gainfaying of the Ievves saying as foloweth CAP. X. How Iosephus mentioned the bookes of the old testament and diuers of his owne THe bookes of the holy Scripture sayth he are not innumerable amongst vs disagreeing dissenting one from an other but only xxij contayning the circumstances of all times and vvorthy of creditt fiue of these are Moses vvorkes contayning the lavves the state of man continevved vnto his death the tyme of them contayneth litle lesse then three thousand yeares The Prophetes vvhich liued after Moses comprised in thirtene bookes the famous actes of their tymes from the death of Moses to Artaxerxes vvho after the death of Xerxes vvas king of Persia The other foure containe Hymnes vnto God and admonitions for the amendment of mans life From Artaxerxes vnto our tymes there are continuall bookes yet not of such creditt as the former in so much there is not diligently layd dovvne a continuall succession of the Prophets It is very apparent vvhat affection vve beare vnto our Scriptures because there is novv so much time past and yet none of vs dare presume either to adde any thinge thereto or to diminish anything therefro or to alter any thinge thereof this is engrassed in the sevves from their youth vp that they persvvade them selues this doctrine to be the vvritinges of God and to perseuere in the same and vvillingly if necessity so constrayne to dye in the quarrell these wordes I haue thought commodiously to haue bene by vs alleadged out of his commentaryes this writer hath published one other and no simple volume of the rule of reason whiche some haue fathered vppon

his successors of the peace graunted vnder Galienus there is no cause to the contrary but that the Reader may be made partaker thereof CAP. XXII Dionysius censure of Macrinus and Galienus the Emperous and of the heresie of the Chiliasts MAcrinus after that he had forerunne on of the Emperours and followed after the other immediatly he is rooted out with all his kinred and Galienus is proclaymed and crowned Emperour by the consent of all men both an auncient a new Emperour being before them but appearing after them according vnto the saying of the Prophet Esay the thinges of old are past beholde new things now come in place for euen as a cloude darkneth a litle the sunne beames and shadoweth the sunne it selfe shining in his spheare agayne after the cloude is resolued and vanished away the sunne vvhiche rose before the cloude shineth and taketh his course so Macrinus vvho intruded him selfe before the present raygne of Galienus is novve no Emperour no more he vvas not then but this man like him selfe as he vvas then so is he novve and the empire it selfe laying aside heauy and vvrinckled olde age and purged of the former malice novve florisheth a freshe is hearde and seene further pear●eth and preuayleth ouer all Then he sheweth the tyme of his writing saying thus It commeth in my minde to consider the yeares of these Emperours raygne I see hovve the moste impious vvere famous in deede but in a short vvhile after they became obscure yet this holy and blessed Emperour hauing past the seuenth novve endeth the nynth yeare of his raygne the vvich vve vvill celebrate for holy daye Besides all these he wrote two bookes of the promises of God ▪ the occasion whereof was such One Nepos a Bishop of Aegypt taught y ● the promises of God made vnto holy men in the Scriptures were to be vnderstoode after the Iewish maner sauoring 〈◊〉 much of Iudeisme he layd downe for good doctrine that after the resurrection we shoulde lead● a life here on earth in corporall pleasures the space of a thousande yeares and because be supposed that he was able to iustifie this his opinion out of the reuelation of Sainct Iohn he wrote a booke thereof and entitled it the reprehensions of Allegorizers This booke doth Dionysius in his workes intitled of the promises of God confute In the first helayeth downe his censure of that doctrine in the seconde he entreateth of the reuelation of Sainct Iohn in the beginning of which booke he writeth thus of Nepos CAP. XXIII Of the booke of Nepos the Chiliast the quiet conference and disputation betwene Dionysius and Coracion the Chiliast with the frute thereof THey alleadge sayth Dionysius a certaine booke of Nepos vvhereupon they grounde that vvithout all peraduenture the kingdome of Christ to become here on earth may be proued for sundry other his gifts I commende and embrace Nepos partly for his fayth his diligence and exercise in holy Scriptures partly also for his pleasaunt psalmodie vvhervvith at this day many of the brethren are delighted I highly esteeme reuerence the man specially for such a one as novve is departed to rest yet the trueth is our friende and afore all to be reuerenced ▪ and if any thing be vvell spoken it deserueth commendation and is charitably to be accepted if ought seeme not soundly to be written it is to be searched out and refuted If he were present and auoutched his doctrine by vvorde of mouth it shoulde suffice vvithout vvriting to conferre by obiections and resolutions to refell and reconcile the aduersaries but in so much there is extant a booke thereof as some suppose very probable and many doctors sett nought by the lavve and Prophets they take scorne to be tryed by the Euangelists they contemne the vvorkes of the Apostles alleadging the doctrine of this vvriter as a thing most notable and an hidd secret they suffer not the simpler sorte of the brethren to conceaue any high or magnifical thing neither of the glorious and right godly comming of our Lorde neyther of our resurrection from the deade our gathering together and vniting vvith him but trifling toyes and mortall affayres persvvading these present things to be hoped for in the kingdome of God ▪ it is necessary vve deale by vvay of reasoning vvith our brother Nepos as if he vvere present vnto these he addeth VVhen I vvas at Arsenoita vvhere as thou knovvest this doctrine first sprang so that schismes and manifest fauling avvay from the Church fell out in those congregations I called together the Elders and doctors inhabiting those villages in presence of as many of the brethren as vvillingly came and exhorted them openly to fift out this doctrine ▪ when as they brought me forth this booke as an armed fence and inuincible fortresse I sate with them from morning to night whole three dayes discussing those thinges which therein were written where I wondred at the constancy desire of the trueth intelligence or capacitie and the tractablnes of the brethren how orderly and vvith what moderation they obiected they aunswered they yelded neither endeuored they by any kinde of way contentiously to retayne their positions if they were proued false neither bolted they contradictions but as much as in them lay stucke fast confirmed their purpose ▪ and yet agayne where reason required they chaunged their opinion were not ashamed to confesse the trueth together with vs but with good conscience all hypocrisie layd aside their harts made manifest vnto God they embraced such thinges as vvere proued by demonstrations and doctrine of holy Scripture and at length the graundecaptayne and ringleader of this doctrine called Coracion in presence of all the auditors then in place confessed and promised vnto vs that thenceforth he vvoulde neuer consent vnto this opinion neyther reason of it neyther mention neyther teach it for that he vvas sufficiently conuinced vvith contrary arguments the rest of the brethren then present reioyced at this conserence at this his submission and consent in all thinges CAP. XXIIII The censure of Dionysius toutchinge the reuelation of Sainct Iohn The heresie of Cerinthus COnsequently in discourse be wryteth thus of the reuelation of Sainct Iohn Diuerse of our predecessors haue vvholy refused reiected this booke by discussing the seuerall chapiters thereof haue founde it obscure voyde of reasons the title forged ▪ they sayde it vvas not Iohns nay it was no reuelation which was so couered with so grosse a vayle of ignorance and that there was none either of the Apostles or of the Saincts or of them which belonged to the church the author of this booke but Gerinthus the author of the Cerinthian heresie intitling this as a sigment vnder the name of Iohn for further credit authoritie The opinion of Cerinthus was this ▪ that the kingdome of Christ should be here on earth and looke what he him selfe being

they call forty dayes fastinge or Lent Others some contrary to the aforesayde customes beginne to fast seuen weekes before Easter yet in all that whyle they vse abstinence but onely fifteene dayes pausing betweene euery of them and these fewe dayes they call forty dayes fastinge or Lent so that I can not chuse but maruell for all that they differ in the number of dayes yet all ioyntly doe call euery of their obseruations forty dayes fastinge or Lent Others some haue deriued the Etymologie of this worde as it pleased them best and accordinge vnto the inuention of their owne brayne Neyther is this difference onely about the number of the dayes but also a greate diuersitie in the kindes of meate For some doe abstayne from euery liuinge creature some other of all the liuinge creatures feede onely vpon fishe others together with fishe feede vpon the foules of the ayre affirminge as Moses doth write that their originall is of the water others some eate neyther nutts neither aples neyther any other kinde of fruite nor egges neither some feede onely vpon drye breade some other receaue no not that There are some that when they haue fasted vntill nyne of the clocke they refreshe nature with diuerse sortes of meates Other nations haue other customes the maner and causes are infinite But in somuch there is no man able to shewe a president or recorde thereof in writinge it is playne that the Apostles left free choyce and libertie vnto euery man at his owne discretion without feare compulsion and constraynte to addicte him selfe vnto that whiche seemed good and commendable Wee knowe for moste certayne that this diuersitie of fastinge is rife throughout the worlde Againe toutching the Communion there are sundry obseruations and customes for though in maner all the Churches throughout the whole worlde doe celebrate and receaue the holy mysteries euery Sabaoth daye after the other yet the people inhabitinge Alexandria and Rome of an olde tradition doe not vse it The Aegyptians adioyninge vnto Alexandria together with the inhabitours of Thebais vse to celebrate the Communion vpon the Sundaye yet doe they not receaue the Communion as the maner is among the Christians For when they haue banquetted and crommed them selues with sundry delicate and daynty dishes in the Eueninge after seruice they vse to communicate Agayne at Alexandria vpon the Thursdaye and Frydaye the Scriptures are read the Interpretours expounde them all the solemnitie for the Communion is accomplished yet the Communion then not receaued And this is an olde and an auncient custome at Alexandria It is well knowen that Origen florished in those dayes in the Churche who beinge a wise and discreete Doctor and Expounder of holy Scripture perceauing that the preceptes of Moses lawe coulde in no wise be litterally vnderstoode gaue forthe of the Passeouer a mysticall and more diuine kynde of interpretation that there was but one onely true Passeouer or Easter the whiche our Sauiour effectually solemnized at his naylinge to the tree when he encountred with the power of darkenes and triumphed ouer the Deuill and all his workes Agayne the Readers and Interpreters of holy Scripture at Alexandria be they Cathecumenists or baptized it forceth not when as the custome in other contreyes and Churches is to admitt none into that function vnlesse he be firste baptized I remember my selfe an other custome which preuayleth and is of force in Thessalia that if there he whiche is a Priest after the receauinge of orders doe keepe company with his wife the whiche he maryed beinge a laye man he is forthewith deposed of the ministerye yea when as all the famous Priestes througheout the Easterne partes of the worlde and the Bishopes also refrayne the company of their wiues at their owne choyse without lawe or compulsion For many of them notwithstandinge the administration and gouernement of their Bishoprickes begett children also on their lawefull wiues The autor and ringeleader of that custome in Thessalia was Theodorus a Prieste of Triua a citye of that contrey the wryter of those wanton and amorous bookes the whiche he made in the pryme of his florishinge youthe and intituled Aethiopica They retayne the same obseruation and custome at Thessalonica Macedonia and Hellas in Achaia I remember they haue an other custome in Thessalia that is they baptize onely on the Easter holydayes and therefore very many die without baptisme The Church of Antioch in Syria is situated contrary to other Churches for the altare standes not to the East but towards the West In Hellas Ierusalem and Thessalia seruice is sayd with candell light after the maner of the Nouatians at Constantinople In like sort at Caesarea in Cappadocia and at Cyprus the priests and Bishops doe preach and expounde holy Scripture at euening prayer on the Saturdayes and Sundayes by candle light The Nouatians of Hellespontus haue not the same order and maner of seruice as the Nouatians of Constantinople yet for the most part they imitate the chiefe churches among them To be short amonge the customes and obseruations of all sects and religions we shall not be able to finde two which follow and retaine one order of seruice Moreouer at Alexandria the inferior priest doth not vse to preach that order first beganne when Arius turned vpside downe the quiet estate of the Churche At Rome they faste euery Saturdaye At Caesarea in Cappadocia after the maner of the Nouatians they receaue not into the communion such as sinne after baptisme Euen so doe the Macedonians in Hellespontus and such as throughout Asia doe celebrate the feast of Easter the fouretenth day of the moneth The Nouatians throughout Phrygia allowe not of seconde mariages such as of them inhabite Constantinople doe neither receaue it neither reiect it againe such as are in y ● West partes of y ● world admit it wholly The originalls and autors of so great a diuersitie were Bishops which gouerned the Churches at diuerse and seuerall times such as like of these rites doe commende them vnto the posteritie for lawes But to penne in paper the infinite and diuerse ceremonies and customes throughout cities and contreyes woulde be a very tedious peece of worke and scarse nay vnpossible to be done This much already layd downe may seeme a sufficient treatise for to proue that the celebration of the feaste of Easter beganne euery where more of custome then by commaundement either of Christ or any Apostle Wherfore their talke sauoreth not of the trueth their report is to no good purpose which say that the Nicene Councell sett the maner of celebrating this feast out of square For the bishops of that assembly endeuored with all might possible to reconcile the lesser number with the greater which varied from them Neither were the Apostles times without such broyles and dissentions neither were they themselues ignorant hereof as it appeareth by the Acts of the Apostles for when the Apostles vnderstoode

euery day is extolled in manner vnto y ● skies But the ethniks fauourers fosterers of error which imploy no labour industerie for y ● sifting out of y ● trueth in God neyther to vnderstande of his care and prouidence ouer mankinde these men I saye doe abolishe both their olde decrees and their newefounde constitutions sometimes by inuentinge newe Gods one after the other some other times by consecratinge for Gods their vayne immaginations and the fonde affections of their mindes attributinge vnto them the names of Gods and to be short by fatheringe vpon the Gods the practisinge of suche thinges to th ende their intemperate desires may escape vnpunished And therefore truely it commeth to passe that he which is honored of them for their chiefe God the father to witte of God and man beinge transformed into the shape of an Egle snatched away through wantonnesse a Phrygian boye deliuered him a cuppe in rewarde of the filthie and haynous offence lycensed him for loue sake to beginne vnto him to th ende eyther of them ioyntly with the Nectar might sucke shame and reproche The same God folded himselfe in other infinitt blemishes verye odious to the seeminge of the vulgar sort of people for by takinge vpon him the forme of euerye vnreasonable creature he became both male and female and though his wombe bare no burthen yet they saye he caused by the acte of venerie that suche a thinge seemed to haue bene done by him contrarye to nature They saye that Bacchus was his sonne and that he was also Androgynus both man and woman a great sclaunder to both sexe the ringleader of dronkennesse quaffinge surfettinge vomitinge and all the mischiefe that ensueth thereof They report of this Aegiochus and thunderinge Ioue an other haynous acte that he murthered his father whiche crime ought seuerely to be punished of all the nations vnder heauen For Saturne whiche begate him to his owne destruction is saide by him to haue bene thrust out of his kingdome What shall I speake of the whoredome and leacherie that raigneth amonge the Gods where they appoint Venus Cypria begotten in the shell of a fishe to be the chiefe autor thereof whiche detesteth chastitie as an haynous and horrible offence delighteth in all leacherous and beastly actes and will be pacified with suche sacrifices with whome when Mars had committed adulterie and Vulcan her husband takinge him in his snares Mars and Venus were brought forth doinge the deede to pastime and recreate the gods Who is it that wil not contemne with laughter their Phalli Ithyphalli Phallagogia the mishapen and deformed Priapus the god Pan honored for his filthie member the mysteries celebrated in Eleusis yet to be commended for this one thinge that the sunne beholdeth not their shamefull actes for they are done in the night season but leauinge these foule sacrifices and sacrificers let vs returne where we lefte and painte forth vnto the posteritie that whiche remaineth of Theodosus raigne CAP. XII Howe Theodosius the Emperour condemned the heresie of Nestorius THeodosius laide downe a godly decree which is founde in the Code of Iustinian the thirde law of the first title where he condemned Nestorius for euer and pronounced him to be held for accursed beinge moued thereunto no doubt by the instinct of the holy ghoste for all that Nestorius him selfe bragged that the Emperour bare him entire and singuler good will For thus he writeth VVe decree moreouer that vvhosoeuer doe embrace the vvicked opinion of Nestorius and geue eare vnto his leude doctrine if they be byshops that they be banished the holy Churches if lay persons that they be accursed There are other lawes of his made in the behalfe of our religion to be sene extant whiche plainely set forth his seruent minde and earnest zeale to the furtherance of the Christian faith CAP. XIII Of Symeon a religious man whiche lyued in a pillour IN those dayes there was of greate fame and renowne one Symeon a godly man and muche spoken of he was the firste that taught to dwell in a pillour and made therein his lodginge scarse two cubitts wyde At that tyme Domnus was byshoppe of Antioch who comminge vnto Symeon wondered at his mansion and trade of life desired of him verye earnestly to vnderstande the secrecie and mysteries thereof They went both in together consecrated the immaculate bodye of Christ and became partakers of the liuely communion This Symeon being in the fleshe imitated in lyfe the trade of the Angellicall powers withdrewe him selfe from worldly affayres forced nature whiche of her selfe leaneth downewardes and followed after loftie thinges beinge placed as it were in the middest betweene heauen and earth he sought conference with God he praysed him together with the Angels he lifted the prayers of men vp from the earth vnto heauen and offered them to God he brought the goodnesse of God from heauen to earth and made the worlde partaker thereof his life is written by one whiche sawe him with his eyes also by Theodoritus byshoppe of Cyres who amonge other thinges omitted this one historie which I haue founde recorded amonge the inhabitaunts of the holye desert and learned of them for certayntie when this Symeon who liued on earth as an Angell and in the fleshe muche lyke a citizen of the heauenly Ierusalem had begonne this trade of life both straunge and suche as the worlde was not before acquainted withall the religious men of the desert sent a messenger vnto him for to demaunde of him what he meant by that newefounde and vnknowen kinde of lyfe and wherefore he forsooke the wonted trade the steppes and traces of the sainctes whiche went before and deuised to him selfe a forraine and vnknowen waye they exhorte him moreouer by their messenger to come downe from his lodging and to followe the holy fathers which were his predecessors They had moreouer commaunded their Legate that if he sawe him yelde and come downe he shoulde licence him to goe on still in his owne way they perswaded them selues that his obedience woulde declare whether God had guyded him to leade suche a life and to take vpon him in this worlde so weightie a combatt for to chastise his carcasse but if he stubburnely resisted if he were frowarde and wilfull not yeldinge with all speede vnto their counsell and aduise he shoulde pull him downe with a vengeance When the messenger came to him exhorted him as the fathers had willed and sawe that immediatly he beganne to rise yeldinge vnto their exhortation he permitted him to proceede on and continewe as he beganne sayinge vnto him as followeth be of good cheare and behaue thy selfe manfully thy mansion no doubt is ordayned of God These thinges though other writers haue omitted them yet haue I thought them worthie the penninge vnto the knowledge of the posteritie The grace of God beinge resiant in the closset of his breste was so

feruent that he wrote freely vnto the Emperour Theodosius who had made a lawe that the Iewes inhabitinge Antioch shoulde enioye againe suche synagogs as the Christians had taken from them rebuking him sharply for he feared only God who was his emperour that Theodosius for to please the Christians called in his proclamations deposed the magistrate which put in his head the restoringe of the synagogs entreated this holy man and namely Erius the martyr to pray for him vnto God to make him partaker of his blessing This Symeon leading so austere a life continued his mortal race six and fiftie years for he liued nine years in the monasterie where he was trained vp in the diuine precepts of vertuous life in Mandria so was the place called seuen and forty yeares tenne of these he spent in a very narrowe rowme seuen in straicter pillours and thirtie yeares in a pillour of forty cubits After his deceasse his holy corps was brought to Antioch in the raigne of Leo the Emperour and Martyrius byshop of Antioch vnto that time Ardaburius captaine of the Easterne garison remained in Mandria together with his power keepinge the corps of holye Symeon leste the borderinge cities shoulde by force carie it away Wherefore the holye corps of Symeon is brought to Antioch after the workinge of manye miracles by the way the whiche Leo the Emperour afterwardes requested of the people of Antioch but the Antiochians of the other side made humble sute vnto the Emperour in suche sort as followeth In so muche our citie is not inuironed vvith vvalles the Emperours furious rage had ouerwhelmed them to the grounde VVe haue transported hither O Emperour the holy corps of Symeon that it may be both vnto vs and to our citie in stede of a fortified wall Leo being thus intreated of thē yelded vnto their request graūted thē their sute ▪ many parts of his carcasse were reserued vnto these our days I my self saw his skul at what time Gregorie a man of great renowne bishop of y ● church and Philippicus required that the reliques of the saincts for the speedier expedition of his martial affaires in the East shoulde be sent vnto him And that which was greatly to be marueiled at the heare of his heade was not worne away but remained whole as if he had bene a liue and conuersaunt amonge men the skinne of his foreheade beinge onely shronke into wrinkles and withered yet was not consumed many also of his teeth being not pulled out by the handes of the faythfull declared vnto the worlde the shape and stature of holy Symeon moreouer there was laid vp the iron chaine which hong about his neck and with it the corps so much spoken of of all men for enduringe suche great hardnesse and miserie was honored with diuine prayses All which circumstances both for mine owne profitt and the commonditie of the reader I woulde rehearse at large were it not that Theodoritus as I sayde before had sufficiently discoursed of them CAP. XIIII Of the starre that was sene in the porche of Symeons pillour the which Euagrius together with many others sawe NOwe I am about to write a certaine thing whiche I sawe with mine owne eyes I was wonderfull desirous to see the Churche of holy Symeon it standes at the furthest from Theopolis that is Antioch three hundred furlongs set vpon the top of a hill the cuntreymen call that place Mandria borowinge the name as I suppose of the seuere discipline and austere trade of life exercised by Symeon therein the hill riseth in height to a twentie furlongs the buildinge of the Church is after the manner of a crosse notably set forth with porches of fouresquare The porches haue pillours annexed vnto them finely wrought of freestone which lift vp the roufe on high and that very artificially The entire that is to the middes of the temple is wide open very cunningly wrought where the aforesaide pillour of forty cubites standes in the which the earthly and corporeal angel ledde an heauenly life The porches haue as it were lattises on high the which they cal windowes fallinge both towardes the entrie and porches them selues At the left hand of the pillour in one of the lattises I my self together with many cuntrey men assembled together and compassing the pillour sawe a starre of a wonderfull bignesse running and wandringe hither and thither throughout the chinkes and clefte lattises twinkelinge in the eyes of the beholders neither that once twise or thrise but oftener and the same oftentimes fading and vanishinge away afterwardes immediatly appearinge againe the whiche is commonly scene on this sainctes holiday There are which report and verily we haue to belieue the myracle partly for their creditt which testifie the same and partly also for that which we sawe our selues that they sawe the very shape of his person houering here and there in a long berde with a hatt on his heade after his wonted manner suche men as trauell that way may easily goe in and see all and some times they ride about the pillour There is a porter which continually watcheth the porches of the Church that no woman enter in the cause I doe not learne but if any drawe nigh they stand without and beholde the miracle for one of the porches standeth ouer against the bright starre CAP. XV. Of Isidorus the pelusian and Synesius byshop of Cyrene VNder the raigne of the same Emperour there florished one Isidorus the fame of whose sayings and doinges is spred farre and nigh and rife in euery mans mouth he so tamed the flesh with continuall toyle and labour and so fedd the minde with misticall and heauenly doctrine that he led on earth the life of an Angell and commended vnto the worlde the liuely and expresse forme of the monasticall and contemplatiue trade of liuinge he wrote beside many other notable workes of his great labour and studie one vnto Cyrill whereby we gather that he liued at one time with the renowmed Cyrill Nowe that I haue runne ouer these thinges aftermy sclender hability let vs not forget Synesius byshop of Cyrene that the excellencie of his vertues may set forth the simplicitie of our stile This Synesius was so eloquent a man and so profounde a philosopher that he was had in great admiration of suche christians as iudged of him without parcialitie respectinge neither the venome of malice neither the vaine flatterie of friendship Wherefore they perswade him to be baptized and to take vpon him the priestly function though he admitted not the article of the resu●ection neither woulde be brought to belieue the same hopinge of him very charitably that these things woulde followe after his other vertues and that the grace of God woulde suffer nothing to want in him that appertained vnto his soules health saluation which hope of theirs was not frustrate for how excellently he proued both the learned epistles he wrote after the receauing of priesthood

of ripe yeares strong bodyes and strength inuincible These men liue both wayes partly as it were by shaking of the flesh they seeme to liue for euer partly againe by companying with men and applying medicines vnto their bodies they call to God for mercie runne ouer such deuout seruice as may fitly agree with y ● former life yet want they no necessaries neither are they boūd to one place for almay heare alike company alike they vse oftē nay they kneele cōtinually againe y ● wearisome standing they make refresheth age the voluntary weakenes they brought them selues vnto They are champions without flesh on their backes they are wrastlers yet haue they no blood in their faces who though in steede of daynties and set dinners they vse solemne fasting yet had they leuer take nothing if in so doing they could possibly liue then cromme them selues with delicacies And againe if it so fall out that a straunger come among them though it be very early in the morning they entertaine him very curteously offring him both meat and drinke so that they deuise an other kinde of fasting that is to eate by compulsion and in so doing men haue them in great admiration who though they want many thinges to the sustentation of nature yet are they contented with litle being enemies to their owne will and to nature they resemble in their doings the will and pleasure of their elders in bridlinge the baytes of fleshly lust the soule hath the mastery committeth suche thinges as are pleasinge and acceptable vnto God with great discretion and diligence but in the meane while happie are they and happier when they depart hence for they bende thither all their might and hasten to enioy their wished desires CAP. XXII VVhat things Eudocia the Empresse repaired in Palaestina and the founding of S. Stephans Churche THe wife of Theodosius had conference with many of those kindes of men we spake of before and founded as I haue likewise made mention many suche religious houses she repayred the walles of Ierusalem and made them farre more beautifull then they were before she founded also a goodly Churche in remembrance of Stephan the firste Deacon and Martyr not a furlonge of from the Citye of Ierusalem where she was buryed after her departure vnto immortal blisse Theodosius also as some thinke before the deceasse of Eudocia departed to rest when he had raigned here on earth thirtie eight yeares in his rowme succeeded Martianus a man renowmed in al things whose famous actes while he gouerned in the Easte we will laye downe by the helpe of God in the seconde booke followinge The ende of the firste booke of Euagrius THE SECOND BOOKE OF THE ECCLESIASTICALL HISTORIE OF EVAGRIVS SCHOLASTICVS CAP. I. Of Martianus the Emperour and the signes which foreshewed his raigne IN the first booke goinge before we haue discoursed the Actes done in the raigne of Theodosius the Emperour of famous memorie nowe it remaineth we take penne in hand and paint forth vnto the posteritie the vertues of the renowmed Martianus the noble and puysant Emperour of Rome his cuntrey his linage and howe he attayned vnto the Romane empire In obseruing this methode we shal be able the sooner to contriue euery his famous acts in their fit and conuenient place Patriscus Rhetor with many others hath written at large of the life of Martianus By birth he was of Thracia the sonne of a valiant captaine who being wedded to his fathers trade of life got him straight to Philippopolis there was entertained in the number of such as exercised them selues in the feats of armes ▪ It fell out in his voyage as he tooke his iourneye thitherwardes that he sawe on the way a deade corps whom death had newely bereaued of his life he stood still and was amazed thereat for as he was vertuously enclined euery way so was he prone to compassion he continewed there so long vntill he had finished all thinges what so euer belonged vnto the hearse and funerall but when suche as dwelled in compasse had seene his doinges they made relation thereof vnto the magistrates of Philippopolis They layd hands vpon Martianus and charged him with y ● inurther but when signes and contectures preuayled more with the magistrates then the trueth or the protestation of Martianus denyinge that euer he had murthered the man and when Martianus was nowe readie to endure the penaltie of an homicide vpon a suddaine vnlooked for God no doubt of his goodnes prouidinge for him the best the autor of that haynous acte was found confessed the fact was imediately executed and Martianus proued innocent beinge thus wonderfully deliuered out of trouble he got him vnto a certen garrison not farre of requested they woulde entertaine him among them and register his name in their catalogue They had the man in admiration and prognosticated of him by certen gesses that he would proue a worthy man recea●ed him with willing mindes matriculated his ▪ name in their booke neyther placed they him in the lowest rowme as a late commer after their law and custome but preferred him to an honorable office the which one whose name was Augustus enioyed before him but then was lately deceassed and entitled him Martianus Augustus so that together with his preferment he receaued the Emperiall title for the emperours are called Augusti before be was proclaimed Emperour Neither truely coulde the name rest in him without the dignity neither againe did the Emperiall title require any other name to expresse the worthinesse thereof so that the selfe same name was both proper and appellatiue and beinge once sounded it gaue forth the signification both of the dignitie and the borowed name An other thinge moreouer happened which foreshewed vnto Martianus the emperiall scepter When together with Aspar he warred against y ● Vandalls Aspar being ouercome of thē Martianus with many others was takē brought w t other captiues into a plaine greene where Genzerichus would needs see thē aliue being brought together Gēzerichus as he sate in an vpper rowme tooke great delight in beholding the nūber of captiues The captiues as long as it pleased euery one continued in the greene for Gēzerichus had cōmaunded their keepers to knock of their shackles wherefore as they all spēt the time diuersly Martianus laid him downe on the ground toke a nap on a sunny bank which burned more vehemētly then y ● seasō time of y ● yere did require As he slept an Egle flew ouer him set her selfe betwene him y ● sunne spred abrode her wings shadowed him as it had bene a cloud in so doing eased him greatly so y ● Genzerichus wondering at y ● circumstance coniectured a right of the things that were to befal him he called Martianus vnto him restored him his liberty bound him with an othe if euer he came to be emperour y t he would ioyne in league with the Vandalls and neuer take armour

whose name was Amachius who commaūded that the Idolatricall temple of the Ethnicks which stood in y t citie should be set wide open that the foule heapes and filthy corners of a long time vnfrequēted should be made cleane and fell himselfe a worshipping of the Idols Which act of his pricked not a litle in conscience the zealous christians Wherefore one Macedonius Theodulus and Tatianus beinge kindled with fetuencie of loue towardes the christian fayth coulde in no wise away with such horrible practises but in the burninge zeale of their godly inindes brake in the nighte season into the temple threwe downe theyr Idols and stamped them into pouder Whereat when the gouernoure was wonderfull wroth and purposed to execute diuerse of the citizens whiche were giltelesse and innocente persons the authors thereof presented themselues of their owne accorde before him and chose to dye themselues for the trueth rather then any other for their sakes should be depriued of their liues After they were layde in holde the gouernoure commaunded that they should cleare thēselues by sacrificinge vnto the Idols and threatned them if they refused he would seuerely punishe them They beinge of a noble minde valiant courage set nought by his threats made themselues redy to suffer what tormente soeuer were layde vpon them for they counted it farre better to loose their liues then to defile their soules with those impure sacrifices The gouernour whē he had assayd them at all kind of torments last of all set them on the gredyron caused fire to be made vnder broiled them to death And to the end they might valiantly encoūter vnder the glorious garlande of victory they reason thus with the gouernour If thou longe O Amachius after broyled meate turne vp the other side of vs least in the eatinge we seeme rawe vnto thee and the bloode runne aboute thy teeth This was the ende that these men had CAP. XIIII VVhen the Emperoure Iulian forbad the christians the studie of Prophane literature both the Apollinaruses the father and the sonne fell a wrytinge The profltte that the christians haue in prophane wryters THe lawe whiche the Emperoure made that the christians shoulde not be trained vp in the liberall sciences made bothe the Apollinariuses of whome we spake before to be of farre greater fame For either of them beinge skilfull in suche artes as directed our style and orations the father a grammarian the sonne a Rhetorician profited very much the christians and furthered at that time not a little the churche of God For the father as a profounde grammarian framed the arte of humanitie vnto the furtherance of Christian religion he turned the fiue bookes of Moses into Heroycall verse together with other bookes of the olde Testament which contayne Hystories partely in Hexameter verse and partely after the forme of comedies and tragedies with the fitte application of persons he wrote in all kinde of meter to the ende the christians shoulde not be ignorant and vnskilfull in any rare gifte that excelled among the Gentils The sonne an eloquente Rhetorician broughte the wrytinges of the Euangelistes and workes of the Apostles into Dialogues as Plato vsed amonge the Heathens Althoughe their laboure and industrie seemed auaylable and greatelye to sette forthe the seruice of God in so muche that thereby the lewde drift of the Emperoure was stopped from takinge effect yet the prouidence of God did farre exceede both their carefull studie and dashed also the Emperours wiked deuise For immediatly the Emperours lawe as hereafter it shall more manifestly appeare was abrogated and theyr workes were as muche spoken of as if they had neuer bene wrytten But here peraduenture some man will saye vnto me why then doe ye attribute bothe the aforesayde vnto the prouidence of God As toutchinge the shorteninge of the Emperoures dayes it is knowen well inoughe howe auaylable it was vnto christian religion but in that the Po●trye of bothe the Apollinariuses was neglected and that the christians freely applied the Philosophicall sciences of the heathens there is no man will graunte that it furthered the seruice of God and the faith of Christ For it can not be without daunger that the christians maye wade in the doctrine of Ethnickes in so muche it teacheth that there be many Gods Vnto these things which aptely may be obiected vnto vs we will presentely frame suche answers as we can The doctrine of the Gentiles is allowed neither by Christ neither by his Disciples as inspired from aboue neither altogether reiected for daungerous And I take y ● to haue come to passe not without the speciall prouidence of almightie God For there were many heathen Philosophers which were not farre from the knowledg of God such as by publique disputation confuted the Epicures and other contentious Philosophers delited with the quirckes of logicke and ouerthrewe their palpable error and ignorance And thoughe they coulde stande the fauorers of christian religion in greate steade for their furtherance of learninge yet attained they not vnto the grounde principall point of our religion insomuch they vnderstoode not the mystery of Christ which was concealed the cōtinewance of many ages and generations The whiche the Apostle in his epistle vnto the Romanes sheweth plainely in these wordes The wrath of God is reuealed from heauen against all vngodlines and iniquitie of men which withholde the trueth in vnrighteousnesse For the thinge that may be knowen of God is manifest amonge thē because God hath shevved it vnto them For his inuisible thinges beinge vnderstoode by his workes are seene through the creation of the world that is both his eternall power godheade so that they are without excuse because that when they knewe God notwithstanding they glorified him not as God VVherefore they knowinge the trueth which God reuealed vnto them were worthie of death because that whē they knewe God they glorified him not as God Therefore sithence that the Apostle forbadd not the knoweledge of the Gentils doctrine he gaue free licence and libertie vnto euery man at his choice and pleasure to wade in the vnderstandinge of them Let this suffire for one reason to the satisfiynge of the former doubts The seconde is as followeth The holy Scriptures inspired from aboue deliuer vnto vs diuine precepts and mysticall doctrine they graffe in the mind●s of suche as heare them true Godlines and the righte trade of liuinge they sette wyde open before such as study them the most sacred faith they teach vs no logicke wherewith we may withstand such as oppugne the trueth although the aduersaries are easiest ouerthrowen when their owne armoure and proper defence is vsed to their foyle and destruction But the christians enioyed not this benefit by the workes of bothe the Apollinariuses This was it that the Emperoure Iulian shotte at when as he made a lawe that the christians shoulde not be schooled in the doctrine of the Gentils He knewe full well that the fables contained in

the works of the Hethen wryters being paised in the equall balance of indifferent iudgement would quickly be founde light and subiect to reprehension and discredit the which fond inuention of theirs when Socrates their principall philosopher had dissalowed the Iudges condemned him as if he had gone about to disproue or destroy their Gods nay rather theyr deuells Besides all this both Christ himselfe and his Apostle commaunded vs to be tried exchaungers to the ende we might examine all thinges holde that which is good We haue also to take heede lest any circumuent vs through Philosophie vayne deceate This we shall not be able to doe vnlesse we possesse the armoure of the enemy and in enioyinge it we turne the whole vnto an other vse For we haue to reiect that which is euell to retaine that which is good and to admit nothing without good trial For that which is good wheresoeuer it is founde appertaineth vnto the trueth For if any be disposed to vrge vs farther herein set him consider with him selfe howe the Apostle did not onely not forbidde the knoweledge of Heathenishe doctrine but is seene not to haue despised them himselfe to the ende he might be skilfull in many of the Ethnicks workes Where I pray you borowed he this sentence The Cretians are alwayes liers euell beastes slowe bellies was it not out of Epimenides a Poet of Creta● or where learned he this we are also his ofspring was it not out of the Phaenomena of Aratus th● Astronomer That sayinge also Euell wordes corrupte good maners sheweth playnely that he was well seene in the tragedies of Euripides But what neede I vse many wordes hereof It is knowen well inoughe that the Doctors of the Churche of an aunc ente custome neuer forbid vnto this day exercised themselues from their youth vp euen vnto the last houre in the sciences and doctrine of the Gentils partely for to attayne aswell vnto a fine stile and eloquente phrase as the exercise and whettinge of the wittes and partely also for to confute the doctrine of suche wryters as deliuered vnto the worlde error and falshoode in steede of the manifest and onely trueth These thinges accordinge vnto our simple hability we haue layde downe by occasion of both these Apollinariuses CAP. XV. Howe the Emperoure takinge his voyage to warre with the Persians came to Antioch where the common people derided him vnto whome after his departure he wrote an oration intitled Misopogon THe Emperoure when he had exacted of the christians and heaped together a great summe of money proceedinge on his voyage against the Persians came to Antioch in Syria Being there and desirous to shewe vnto the people of Antioch a tast of his honors title the which he sette much by sette the market lowe made all things very cheape had no consideration of the time he pondered not with him selfe howe that an hoast or armie wheresoeuer it commeth bringeth greate domage vnto the prouincialls and turneth plenty of necessaries to scarsitie of foode Wherefore tauerners and vittayling houses which prouided necessaries for wayfaringe men not able to beare the losse of so weyghty a burthen whereunto they were inioyned by the Emperours edict gaue ouer their trade so that the citie was brought to greate distresse because they wanted necessary prouision The Antiochians an impatiente kinde of people soone prouoked to anger and reuengemente coulde not away with this plague which they tooke for no other without any more adoe they goe to meete the Emperoure they crie out agaynst him they inueye at his doinges and playe with his bearde it was a longe thrumme bearde they bidde him goe shaue his bearde and make halters thereof they bringe him in remembrance of his coyne wherein there was a bull conqueringe the worlde with his hornes For the Emperoure beinge wholly geuen to superstition sacrificed bulls vpon the Idols altare and therefore gaue charge that bothe the Alter and the bull shoulde be ingrauen in his coyne The Emperoure beinge incensed with these skommes threatned he woulde plague the people of Antioch He remoued thence into Tarsus in Cilicia as soone as he had prouided there suche necessaries as he stoode in neede of he went on his iorney Whereupon Libanius the Sophist tooke occasion to wryte the oration intitled of his embassie where he entreated the Emperoure for the Antiochians and also the oration vnto the people of Antioch where he layde before them the displeasure which the Emperoure had conceaued agaynst them The reporte goeth that the Sophist wrote the sayde Orations and yet they neuer were seene abroade and that the Emperoure was appeased not by reuenginge him of such as had flouted his beard but requitinge them with like cōtumelious skommes For he defamed the citie of Antioch for euer in the oration which he entitled Antiochian or Misopogon directed against the deriders of his bearde So farre of these things CAP. XVI VVhen the Emperoure woulde haue an answere of the Oracle of Apollo the deuell woulde not speake because the body of Babilas the martyr was buried hard by The Emperours displeasure and of the tormentes which Theodorus the Confessor suffred NOwe let vs speake of the iniuries which the Emperoure at that time did vnto the Christians at Antioch Whē he had commaunded that the Idolatricall temples of the Ethnicks shoulde be set wide open at Antioch the Emperoure made haste to the Oracle of Apollo which was in Daphne a litle out of Antioch But the Deuell whose dwellinge was in that denne trembled for feare of Babilas the martyr whose corps laye interred not farre from the place and woulde geue the Emperoure no answer the Emperoure perceauing the cause commaunded that the martyrs tumbe shoulde thence be remoued with speade When the christians of Antioch vnderstoode of this they assemble together with women and children they reioyce and are glad they singe Psalmes they translate the corps from out of Daphne into the citie of Antioch The Psalmes which they songe tended to the reprehension of the Heathen Gods and of such as worshipped Idols and carued images Then the Emperours disposition which was hid and cloked afore time was made manifest vnto the whole worlde For he who alitle before was a professor of Philosophie nowe breaketh out and fretteth within himselfe at y ● Psalmes that were songe in derision of the Gentils and determineth to torment the christians as Diocletian had done in a while before But when his expedition against the Persians permitted no leasure to bring his purpose about he gaue out a commission vnto Salustius who was Liuetenante of that prouince for to see that such as had songe the Psalmes in derision of the Ethnikes shoulde seuerely be punished The Liuetenant althoughe he were a panyme yet was he altogether vnwillinge to execute his commission But he seing there was no other choice attached many of the christians sent many to prison But one that