of sin into that against God against our Neighbours and against our Selves How all sin is against God how said to be against our Neighbours and our Selves The three-fold order which God hath established amongst men The threefold inordinacy in breach of this order making three kindes of sin Sec. 14. What the distinction of sin into that of infirmity of ignorance and of malice From whence this distinction is taken What is the inordinacy of the sensitive appetite what the inordinacy of the understanding what the inordinacy of the will When a sin of infirmity is when a sin of ignorance when a sin of malice Sec. 15. How the sensitive appetite doth beget an inordinacy in the will Which are the sins of infirmity Sec. 16. Why sins of sudden and inordinate passion are said to be sins of infirmity Sec. 17. What passions do excuse wholly from sin and what do not How reason ought to moderate passion Sec. 18. What is the office of the understanding When guilty of that ignorance which is sin and when guilty of those sins which are of ignorance Sec. 19. What ignorance doth not and what ignorance doth make the sin What things a man is capable of knowing but not bound to know what things a man is neither bound to know nor capable of knowing in all these ignorance rather a nescience is not sinful Sec 20. What ignorance doth excuse from sin somewhat excuse not wholly acquit illustrated by instance Sec. 21. When sin cannot be excused by any ignorance what an affected ignorance is and how it aggravates the sin Sec. 22. What ignorance is indirectly voluntary how it self sin yet the sins issuing from it lessened in their guilt and why Sec. 23. How the sin of malice is rightly discern'd How men are said to sin wilfully and against conscience Sec. 24 That the will doth not necessarily follow the right judgment of the understanding cleerly prooved Especially from the work of regeneration in which the will is renewed as well as the understanding enlightned Sec. 25. How we may distinguish sins of infirmity from sins of malice Sec. 26. What the distinction of sin into that of mortal and venial is no sin venial in its nature and why All sin is directly against not any meerly besides the law which incurring the guilt of eternal death cannot be expiated by temporal punishment Sec. 27. In what all sins are mortal yet not all equal How some sins mortal and some venial from whence we are to take the just weight of sins guilt what the guilt of the least sin without Christ Sec. 28. Though all sin be mortal yet most especially the sin against the Holy Ghost What the sin against the Holy Ghost is not Sec. 29. What it is As in the Pharisees As in Julian Why not now to be discovered by us Sec. 30. Why called the sin against the Holy Ghost why this sin shall not be forgiven Sec. 31. Sins against Conscience lead the way to this sin against the Holy Ghost How an erroneous conscience entangles in sin but bindes not to what is sinful Sec. 32. An erroneous conscience may somewhat excuse but cannot wholly acquit and why What is the entanglement of an erroneous conscience CHAP. XV. Concerning the State of man fallen Sec. 1. THe original of all mans misery is in original sin and how Sec. 2. Adams disobedience imputed makes lyable to the punishment inflicted which punishment is death Sec. 3. In what this death doth formally consist In what it doth materially consist Sec. 4. This death is spiritual corporal and eternal What this sp ritual death is Sec. 5. What are the relicks of mans primitive estate in the estate of man fallen In respect of his understanding In respect of his will In respect of his conscience and in respect of his affections Sec. 6. The soul in mans fall is whole in its natural essence but spoil'd of its spiritual habits Thereby disabled for any spiritual good Sec. 7. What freedom the will hath lost by the fall and what it retains after the fall What liberty of will remains in the vilest Reprobate or Devil Sec. 8. How God doth turn and incline the wils of men without any forcibly compelling Why the exhortations c. of Gods word are not in vain in respect of the wicked Sec. 9. By multiplying his sin man aggravates his punishment and how in spirituals Sec. 10. What the corporal death and how begun Sec. 11. How and when finished Sec. 12. What the eternal death In its punishment of loss and of sense Sec. 13. What the punishment of loss is Sec 14. What the punishment of sense is Sec. 15. How the punishment of the damned is infinite as well as eternal Sec. 16. That wrath which comes by original sin is aggravated by mans actual transgression the full measure is at the day of judgment and how Sec. 17. The estate of man fallen summarily describ'd No salvation by the law or first covenant of works So that without Redemption by a Mediator Adam and his posterity must inevitably perish in their sin SION'S PROSPECT In it's FIRST VIEW CHAP. I. Concerning the Holy SCRIPTURES SEeing Grace doth not destroy but exalt Nature therefore as the Naturall inclination of the Will becomes subservient unto Charity so doth the Naturall Reason of the Understanding become subservient unto Faith Hence it is Reason arguguing from Scripture for the Scriptures that the holy Scriptures doe not only establish our Faith but also instruct our a 1 Pet. 3 15. Isa 1 18. Eze. 18.25 29. Reason even furnishing us with arguments rationally to prove their Truth to be sacred their Authoritie divine The manner and method of arguing is this Among all the Principles of Naturall Divinity there is none more firm more evident more universall then this That b 1 Ki. 18.21 Act. 17.23 Rom. 1 23 25. God is to be worshipped § 2. The true Knowledge of which God The knowledge of God and his worship by Revelation and right form of whose Worship cannot be had but by some a John 1.18 Deut. 29.29 Revelation whereby he doth manifest himselfe and declare his will as the b 2 Cor. 3.18 2 Cor. 4.6 Glasse of his Divinity and the c Mat. 7.21 Isa 1 10 12. Col 2.23 Mat. 5.9 Rule of his Worship This Revelation either with the Jews or with the Christians Now such a Revelation upon Reason's strictest enquiry is no where to be found but either in the Jewish or the Christian Church The former tells us they have committed to them the d Rom 3.2 chap 9.4 Oracles of God the latter the e Mar. 16.15 1 Cor. 1.17 Gospel of Christ and this Gospel as a f 2 Cor 3 9. Mat. 5.17 Rom. 10 4. 2 Cor. 3 14. Heb 9 10. chap. 10.1 cleerer light in the full complement of those Oracles The Church of the Jewes enquired into by Reason § 3.
evils which they commit in their executing this punishment are all from their own corrupt and vile affections It is no excuse to the wicked that they fulfill Gods secret will when they disobey his will revealed and why § 5. And though true it is the wicked do perform a Rom. 9.19 Gods secrets will his will of purpose even when they disobey b Acts 2.23 his revealed will his will of precept yet because Gods revealed will is the Rule of our obedience to disobey that though we perform the other it c 1 Iohn 3.4 is sin So that it can be no excuse of sin in man or imputation of unrighteousnesse in God that the wicked whil'st they sin yet not in their sin actually do what he by his secret counsel eternal decree hath appointed to be done d Acts 4.27 Isai 10.5 c. because they do it not in obedience to Gods just will but in pursuance of their own unjust wilfulnes God wills the permission not the commission of sin and why § 6. Besides Gods purpose and foreknowledge is not the cause of what he hath decreed to permit but of what he hath decreed to effect seeing God then doth not wil the commission but the permission of sin he cannot be the cause of it And that God should wil the permission of sin is most just for that otherwise he should lose the glory of his Justice yea and of his mercy too of this we may be confident God is so infinitely good that he would not permit evill were he not withall so infinitely powerfull as to a Rom. 8.28 5.20 order that evill unto good How God is said to harden in sin § 7. Further yet when God is said to a Exod. 9.12 Deut. 2.30 Isai 6.10 29.10 63.17 Rom 9.18 harden malicious sinners he doth it not by adding more sin or infusing more malice but by further withholding or quite withdrawing his Grace and so in just judgement b 1 Sam. 16.14 Psal 109.6 1 Tim. 1.20 giving them up unto Satan and their own c Rom. 1.24.26.28 vile affections they truly and really d Exod. 9.34 Mat. 13.14 15. Heb. 3.13.15 Acts 28.26 27 harden themselves Sin then is not prompted or caused by God but suggested by Satan or raised by lust and through consent of the will committed by man § 8. And as sin hath no efficient What sin is in its privative Being but a Rom. 3.23 1 Cor. 6 7. deficient cause so hath it no positive but a privative Being and so cannot properly be an action which is a naturall good but the obliquity and error of the action which is a morall evill it is not the work but the evill of the work What in its proper nature in a deviation from the rule of righteousnesse the b Rom. 4 5. Law of God which is the sin And sin being in its proper nature the c Rom 5.15.17.18 Job 34.31 Jam. 3. ◠offence of Gods Justice in the d Isa 48.8 Job 31 33. Isa 35 5. 1 John 3.4 transgression of his Law doth bring upon man a guilt a pollution and a punishment § 9. In The severall adjuncts of sin that 1. It is Guilt The guilt of sin is that whereby a Mat. 6.12 23 16. Rom. 1 32. 3.19 4.15 man becomes debtor unto God bound over unto the penalty of that law which he hath transgress'd From this guilt doth proceed an b Gen 3 10. Heb. 10.31 horror From whence proceeds horror attended with despair The c Rom. 1.32 2.15 Conscience terrifying the Soul with a selfe-accusing and condemning sentence d Gen. 4.13 Heb. 2.15 Heb. 10 31. made more dreadfull by despair 2. It s Pollution § 10. Besides this guilt of sin which relateth unto the punishment there is a a Mat 15.11 Rev. 22.11 pollution Whereby God abhors man which cleaveth unto the soul Which pollution doth make God to b Prov. 3.32 6.16 Isai 1.15 Jer. 16.18 b Isa 59.2 Hab. 1.13 abominate and abhorre man and Man himselfe with a confuon of face c hiding his face from him and doth make man d Ier. 3 25 Dan. 9.7 8. with confusion of face to loath and e Ezek. 6.9 Iob. 42.6 abhorre himself and to f Gen 3.8 Ier. 32.33 flie the divine presence 3. It s Punishment Gods vindicative Justice diversly exprest § 11. The punishment of sin that is an a Prov. 13.21 Ier. 18.8 Amos 3.2 6. evill of misery inflicted by God in the execution of his vindictive Justice Which Justice as it is provoked by sin is call'd b Ier. 7.19 Mich. 7.18 anger and wrath as it is more hotly incens'd to severity it is call'd c Deut. 29.20 Ierem. 7.20 fury and jealousie as it denounceth sentence and executeth punishment upon sin it is call'd d Deut. 32.35 Ierem. 51.6 Rom. 2.5 judgement and vengeance Why the guilt punishment of sin is infinite § 12. The weight of the offence committed is to be measured according to the greatnesse of the person offended The a Gal. 3.10 Matth. 5.22 12.36 least violation then of an infinite Majesty must incurre the guilt of an infinite punishment How all punishment is equall and how unequall which is b Rom. 6.23 Eternall Death And thus all punishment becomes equall extensively in duration of time though not Matth. 5.22 11.22 24. intensively in degrees of torment yea as is our obligation to the duty such is our transgression of the command and as is our transgression of the command such is the punishment of our sin all of equall extent the transgression infinite because the breach of an infinite obligation and so the punishment infinite because the penalty of an infinite transgression The duration of punishment is correspondent to the duration of sin and how § 13. Thus the duration of punishment doth become correspondent to the duration of sin of the sin not in respect of its Act which is transient but of its pollution and of its guilt which are permanent and so a John 8.24 permanent as that they are eternall Wherefore seeing the least sin without the grace of the Spirit to sanctifie and the mercy of God to pardon is eternall in its pollution and guilt it must needs be so too in its b John 3.36 punishment c Rev. 21.27 certainly excluding the sinner from life and glory and d Ezek. 18.20 eternally subjecting him to death and misery How Gods Justice doth punish and his mercy pardon sin § 14. When Gods justice executeth the punishment of wrath a Lam. 3.39 Jerem. 9.9 it is with respect to the guilt of sin And therefore when Gods mercy doth pardon the sin he b Heb. 8.12 remits the punishment by acquitting from the guilt So that if God should
require penall satisfaction when he hath forgiven the sin Penall satisfaction is inconsistent with sins remission it were as if a man should demand the debt when he hath c Col. 2.41 cancelled the bond an act this of absolute power if not of direct injustice and cannot be supposed in the most holy God who doth forgive sin God doth not punish man for the sin he forgives him but with respect to the d Rom. 3.23 5.11 all-sufficient satisfaction of Christ who hath e Heb. 9.28 1 Pet. 2.24 born away our sin by bearing of our punishment So that the punishment of sin and its forgiveness are inconsistent both in the nature of the thing and by vertue of the satisfaction of Christ § 15. The afflictions then of the godly What is formal punishment and why the afflictions of the godly are not such punishments they are not formal punishments because inflicted of God not as an avenging Judg but as a a Heb. 12.9 10 provident Father and so are not intended for the satisfaction of his justice which is the nature of punishment but either for the abolishing and preventing of sin by way b Heb. 12.7 Rev. 3.19 of correction or for the proof and approbation of grace by way c Job 1.8 9 12. Zech. 13.9 of trial or for the testimony and propagation of the truth by way of d Phil. 1.29 2 17. 3.10 martyrdom And thus the afflictions of the godly have in them the nature of e Heb. 12.11 healing medicines not destructive punishments f Heb. 12.6 they are the issue of a fatherly love not the effects of an avenging wrath § 16. To say that God punisheth sin with sin is a saying so improper To say God punisheth sin with sin is very improper and why that unless candidly interpreted cum grano salis with a due proportion of Prudence and of charity it is very sinful even unto blasphemy for that God and God alone is the a Isa 45.7 Amos 3.6 prime Author of punishment but no ways and in no sense the b 2 Chro. 19.7 Author of sin Besides punishment and sin are as inconsistent in their formal being as light and darkness for seeing privatives are best known by their opposite positives as the good to which the evil of punishment is opposite and that to which the evil of sin is opposed cannot be one and the same good so no more can punishment and sin be one and the same evil yea sin is an evil as being from the will whereas punishment is an evil altogether against the will § 17. True it is that the same a Psal 79.27 thing How that which is sinful may be the punishment of sin which is sinful may be the punishment of sin yet not a sin as a punishment nor yet a punishment as a sin That any thing is a punishment inflicted is from the just ordination of Gods Providence but that the same thing is a sin committed is from the evil deordination of mans perversness Thus the b 2 Chron. 36.14 15 c. slaughter and spoil of the Caldeans was a punishment inflicted by Gods justice upon Judahs sin yet the c Isa 47.5 6. 50 7 11 17 18. 51.24 34 35. cruelty and covetousness of the Caldeans was a sin committed by their own malice in Judahs punishment Yet not sin the punishment God then doth often punish sin with that which is sinful but not so as to make sin the punishment How sin and punishment are formally inconsistent § 18. Indeed punishment being the a Deut. 32.4 execution of Gods Justice and sin b John 3.4 the transgression of Gods law these two cannot possibly so consist together as to make one to be the other and thereby God to be the Author of both or the Author of neither which is equally absurd and impious Besides sin being the c Gen. 6.5 6 7 11 12 13. disorder of the Universe is reduc'd into order by punishment God repairing the breach of his law by the execution of his justice the transgression by the penalty And seeing God doth order sin by punishment sure he doth not punish sin with sin Gods wisdom and power in ordering sin and punishment for that were more disorderly No here is the wisdom and power of God in his providence so to order the same thing which is d 1 King 12.19 sinful in respect of mans wickedness to be e 1 King 12.24 righteous in respect of his justice f 1 King 11.31 33 35 37. even in the just judgment of sin and this without any such absurdity and impiety of making sin to be formally a punishment Punishment the concomitant or consequent of sin but not the same with it § 19. Wherefore true it is that sin which is the a Job 4 8. Lam. 3.39 meritorious cause of punishment may sometimes be its b Rom. 5.10 concomitant or c Rom. 1.24 28 consequent but not the same with it nor yet any proper effect of it for as darkness is the consequent not the effect of the Suns with-drawing or with-holding his light so is sin the consequent not the effect of Gods with-drawing or with-holding his grace CHAP. XIII Concerning Original Sin § 1. What Original sin is Original Sin is that guilt and pollution which seizeth us in a Psal 51.5 Isa 28.8 our mothers wombs in the first Original of our humane being and is either imputed or inherent according to our legal or natural capacity in the first Adam How imputed and inherent As we were b Rom. 5.12 legally in Adam he representing all mankinde we have Original Sin in c Rom. 5.18 his actual disobedience imputed to our person And as we were d Acts 17.26 Heb. 7.9 10. naturally in Adam he the root of all mankinde we have Original sin The unhappy consequent and effects of both in his e Job 14 5. John 3.6 propagated corruption inherent in our natures by that imputed disobedience we are wholly deprived of f Rom. 5.19 1 Cor. 15.22 all Original righteousness and by this inherent corruption we are habitually g Gen. 6.5 Mat. 15.19 enclined unto all actual wickedness § 2. We affirm Original sin doth formally consist in the privation of original righteousness that Original Sin in Adams Posterity doth formally consist in the privation of Original righteousness as it is an evil defect a Gen. 2.17 3.6 through Adams default we not having through the demerit of his Sin what we ought to have b Gen. 1.16 Eccles 7.29 Rom. 7 10.14 by the law of creation and the c Deut. 6.4 5. bond of Covenant with our God by the breach of which law and Covenant in Adam it is that whosoever descends from him by d John 3.6 Ephes 2.2 3. natural generation even the
e Luke 1.47 blessed virgin the mother of Christ not excepted is therefore a child of â—â—â—â—h because a child of Adam communicating in his sin by f Mat. 7.16 17. Jam. 3 11. partaking of his nature How we become deprived of Original righteousness § 3. That Adam then and his posterity become deprived of Original righteousness is not because God doth forcibly withdraw it by his power but deservedly withhold it in his justice a 2 Chr. 15.2 God doth not desert but being first deserted And therefore it was not God that spoyled man but it was man b Eccles 7.29 Hos 13.9 who made voide to himself the integrity of his nature by the guilt and pollution of his actual disobedience which disobedience was indeed a complication of the most hainous transgressions of pride ingratitude Why this deprivation is a sin rebellion c. So that the first loss of Original righteousness being by Adams transgression yea in Adam a sin the after privation thereof in himself and his posterity must needs be sinful Why the punishment of Gods withholding righteousness is no excuse for mans sinful waste and want of it § 4. Though true it is that man having first cast away that rich treasure of Original righteousness by his sin God after a Isa 59.2 withholds it in his justice by way of punishment yet doth not this just punishment from God excuse the sinful privation in man his Original sin in the privation of Original righteousness being though a necessary consequent yet not a proper effect of that punishment much less the formal punishment it self Sin in the privation of righteousness doth follow Gods withholding his grace as darkness being the privation of light doth follow the Suns withholding his beams not as a proper effect but as a necessary consequent And though to be deficient in necessaries is equivalent to an efficiency be true where there is an obligation of law natural or positive to require the assistance yet it is not so where the obligation is broken by his default in whose behalf the assistance is required as it is â—â—â—e in the Case of mans Original sin in the prâ—â—â—â—ion of Original righteousness § 5. Original Sin then is not from God he is no waies the Author of it How we become by nature children of disobedience and children of wrath nor it formally a punishment from him it is properly the effect of Adams disobedience and the consequent of Gods wrath whereby we are become by nature children a Ephâ—s 2 23. of disobedience and children of wrath otherwise neither should children conceived and quickned b Rom. 5.14 dye in the womb nor ought they How proved that we are such being newly born be baptized c Rom. 6.3 6. into the remission of sins As sin d Rom 6.23 doth inseparably bring forth death so doth death infallibly presuppose sin which in the quickned Embryo and new born Infant can be none other then this of Original Sin § 6. How Original sin is a repugnancy to the whole law Which Original sin not onely as the depravation of corrupt nature but also as the deprivation of primitive righteousness it is not barely a 1 John 3.4 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a transgression of the law in some one or some few particulars but is more fully b Rom. 7.23 8.7 Gal 5.17 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 an enmity or opposition against the whole Law in general For the Law is not onely the rule of our life and of our works but also c Psal 19.7 Mar. 12.33 Rom. 7.14 of our nature and of our faculties requiring integrity and holiness in these as well as purity and righteousness in them The same precept which commands love requires strength otherwise the Law hath said in vain d Luke 10.27 Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy strength seeing e Rom. 5.6 we have no strength to love him so that not onely to want righteousness in our lives but even to want integrity in our natures is opposite to the Law yea the whole Law of God and therefore must be sin § 7. Seeing that in original sin The contagion of original Sin extends to the persons of all mankinde and the parts of the whole man the evil deprivation of primitive righteousnes is accompanied with a total deprivation of humane nature therefore as the whole man and all mankinde is become guilty so is a Rom 5.12.13 c. Gen 6.5 Isa 1.6 all mankinde and the whole man become polluted And as this Original corruption of mans nature doth extend to all mens persons so doth this corruption of the whole man extend to all the parts and how spreading its contagion into b 1 Cor. 2.14 2 Cor. 3.14 the understanding by ignorance into c Deut. 32.18 Psal 106.21 the memory by forgetfulness into d Mat. 23.37 John 8.44 the will by perverseness into e Tit. 1.15 16. Heb. 10.22 the conscience by confusion into f Rom. 1.24 26 Jam. 4.6 the affections by disorder and into the g RoÌ„ 3.13 c. 6.13 19. very members of the body as the instruments of sin What Original corruption is call'd in Scripture § 8. This Original corruption is called in sacred Scripture sometimes a Rom. 7.7 Jam 1.14 lust and concupiscence sometimes b Rom. 7.8 13 the sin the c Rom. 7.17.20 inhabiting sin the d Heb. 12.1 encompassing sin and sometimes the e Rom. 7.23 8.2 law of sin It is sometimes called the f Rom. 6 6. Ephes 4 22. Col. 3 9. old man g John 3.6 Rom. 7.5 9.8 Gal. 5.19 and the flesh even as flesh is put for the whole man And therefore we read of the h Col. 2 18. Rom 8 6 7. 2 Cor. 1.12 understanding mind and wisdom of the flesh the i Ephes 2.3 Gal 5.24 will affections and lusts of the flesh yea that this man of sin inhabiting in sinful man might be the more fully described this flesh is said to have its k Col. 2.11 body and that body its l Col. 3.5 members The analogy between Christ and Adam in respect of the righteousness and disobedience imputed § 9. Thus as there is an antithesis so is there an a Rom. 5.14 1 Cor. 15.45 analogy between the disobedience of Adam and the righteousness of Christ in that as b Rom. 5.18 19 1 Cor. 15.22 the righteousness of Christ the Head of his Church is imputed to his members for their justification so equal it is that the disobedience of Adam the head of his posterity be imputed to his members to their condemnation and as by the obedience of Christ many even his whole spiritual Generation are made righteous so equal it is that by the disobedience of Adam many even his whole carnal race be made sinners
and man did depend upon the liberty of the will To be immutable by nature is peculiar unto God Sec. 13. Mans fall not to be laid to Gods charge Sec. 14. Illustrated by a fit similitude where man cannot satisfie his reason it is reasonable that he exercise his faith Sec. 15. Gods will was permitted and disposed in mans fall So that as God did not will mans fall so nor was mans fall without Gods will How ordered to his glory and mans good Sect. 16. Why God did neither possitively will nor properly nill mans fall Sec. 17. Why God ordered man to be tempted left him and permitted him to be overcom Adam lost the assistance of God by not seeking it in his prayer what strength Adam had by creation and what he might have had by prayer Sec. 18. Why God cannot be said to be the cause of mans fall why he permits sin CHAP. XII Concerning the Author Cause Nature and Adjuncts of Sin Sec. 1. WHy God cannot be the Author and cause of sin Its first Original in the Devil how by him in Adam Sec. 2. How the fountain and cause of sin is in our selves fallen in Adam how actual sin is brought forth Sec. 3. What those Scriptures intimate in their truth which wicked men wrest to make God the Author of sin in their Blasphemy Sec 4. God restrains from sin doth not prompt to sin The wicked rush into sin when not restrain'd how the same actions are holy in respect of God yet sinful in respect of the wicked Sec 5. It is no excuse to the wicked that they fulfil Gods secret will when they disobey his will revealed and why Sec. 6. God wils the permission not the commission of sin and why Sec. 7. How God is said to harden in sin Sec. 8. What sin is in its privative being what in its proper nature Sec. 9. In the several adjuncts of sin that 1. It is guilt From whence proceeds horror attended with dispair Sec. 10. 2. It s pollution whereby God abhors man and man himself with a confusion of face Sec. 11. 3. It s punishment Gods vindicative Justice diversly exprest Sec. 12. Why the guilt and punishment of sin is infinite How all punishment is equal and how unequal Sec. 13. The duration of punishment is correspondent to the duration of sin and how Sec. 14. How Gods justice doth punish and his mercy pardon sin Penal satisfaction is inconsistent with sins remission God doth not punish man for the sin he forgives him Sec. 15. What is formal punishment and why the afflictions of the godly are not such punishments Sec. 16. To say God punisheth sin with sin is very improper and why Sec. 17. How that which is sinful may be the punishment of sin yet not sin the punishment Sec. 18. How sin and punishment are formally inconsistent Gods wisdom and power in ordering sin and punishment Sec. 19. Punishment the concomitant or consequent of sin but not the same with it CHAP. XIII Concerning Original Sin Sec. 1. WHat original sin is how imputed and inherent The unhappy consequent and effects of both Sec. 2. Original sin doth formally consist in the privation of original righteousness Sec. 3. How we become deprived of original righteousness Why this deprivation is a sin Sec. 4. Why the punishment of Gods with-holding righteousness is no excuse for mans sinful waste and want of it Sec. 5. How we become by nature children of disobedience and children of wrath How proved that we are such Sec. 6. How original sin is a repugnancy to the whole law Sec. 7. The contagion of original sin extends to the persons of all mankind and the parts of the whole man and how Sec. 8. What original corruption is called in Scriptures Sec. 9. The analogy between Christ and Adam in respect of the righteousness and disobedience imputed What ment by that saying The son shall not bear the iniquitie of the father Sec. 10. How original sin is propagated How it remains even in the regenerate How they propagate it to their children Illustrated by apt similitudes Sec. 11. How the children of Beleevers are said to be holy Illustrated by a fit allusion Sec. 12. What is the subject of original sin When the human nature is perfect and when the subject of original sin Sec. 13. How the humane nature in man becomes infected with original Sin Sec. 14. That original sin is propagated by carnal generation appears by its antithesis of spiritual regeneration How propagated by vertue of divine ordination Sec. 15. The sum of what concerns original sin Sec. 16. What concupiscence is as spoken of in sacred Scripture Why seated in the superior as well as in the inferior faculties Sec. 17. From whence concupiscence in its inordinacy is why the sensitive appetite cannot be this concupiscence Sec. 18. What the sensitive appetite in man is and in pure nature how subordinate unto reason thereby specifically distinguished from that in the beasts Sec. 19. Concupiscence in its inordinacy is the issue of mans fall and why wherefore called sin CHAP. XIV Concerning Actual Sin Sec. 1. THe privation of original righteousness is inseparably accompanied with the corruption of original uncleanness What original corruption is to actual sins Sec. 2. What actual sin is what the immediate internal causes of it and how Sec. 3. No inducement whatsoever can cause sin without a conspiracy in the inward man No actual sin committed without the will consenting The will not necessitated in its volition by any power but that of Gods Sec. 4. How one sin is the cause of another Sec. 5. What the least actual sin is Sin is manifold in its kinds All sin is either of omission or of commission and that either in thought in word or in work Sec. 6. What is the formative power in original sin in respect of actual Sins of omission alwaies accompanied with sins of commission Sec. 7. This illustrated by instance He that wils the occasion of sin by consequence wils the sin How sin is willed antecedently in its cause though not directly in its self Sec. 8. Sins of commission and of omission having the same motive and end are not specifically distinct Proved by instances Sec. 9. What the division of sin into that of thought word and work Sec. 10. The first inordinate motions of lust contain'd under the evil thoughts of the heart though not consented to by the will yâ—â— are sin and why What makes any act to be sin How the motions of concupiscence are voluntary through the wils defect before they rise though not consented to when raised how concupiscence it self is voluntary Sec. 11. The motions of concupiscence prov'd to be sinful by an infallible argument drawn from the indifferent nature of the wils consent Sec. 12. What the special distinction of sin into spiritual and carnal is how all sin is carnal and how spiritual What the true difference betwixt both Sec. 13. What the specifical distinction
from without to compel him to will or do what was good or what was evil whether it were in things Natural Civil Moral or Divine CHAP. XI Concerning the Covenant of Works and the Fall of man § 1. MAN being made in a Gen. 1.27 Gods Image Adam had a knowledg of Gods will perfâ—ct in its kinde had a perfect b Col. 3.10 knowledg of Gods will not that c Isa 40.13 Rom 11.33 34. absolute and secret will of God which is the Cause of all Being but that d Deut. 29.29 conditional and revealed will of God What the Law to Adam which is the e Psal 143.10 Mat. 6.10 rule of mans working Which will of God was to be a law to man How the same with the Decalogue and Adam in his creation had this f Psal 40.8 Jer. 31.33 Rom. 2.15 law written in the table of his heart the same in substance with the Decalogue g Exod. 34.28 that law of the ten Commandments which afterwards Israel had written in tables of stone § 2. God having given man a law What the Covenant of Works he further entreth with him a a Exod. 34.28 Deut. 9.10 Jer. 31.31 32. Heb. 8.9 13. Covenant This call'd the Covenant of Works In which the b Lev. 18.5 Ezek 20.11 Rom. 7.10 10.5 Gal. 3.12 promise on Gods part is the confirming man in his created estate of life holiness and happiness The c Lev. 18.5 Ezek. 20.11 Rom. 7.10 10.5 Gal. 3.12 condition on mans part is perfect obedience unto the d Deut. 27.26 Luke 10.25 26 27. Gal. 3.10 Jam. 2.10 whole law of his Creator according to the full extent of his revealed will What the seal of the Covenant This Covenant God seals in a solemn ratification with that Sacramental Tree the e Gen 2 9. 3.22 Prov. 3.18 Tree of life § 3. Thus God having made firm his Covenant The trial of mans obedience he doth put man upon the trial of his obedience a Gen. 2.16.17 forbidding him to eat of the tree of knowledg setting on the prohibition with this commination b Gen. 2.17 that in the day he eateth thereof he shall surely dye So that as upon mans performing the condition God freely promised by covenant a Blessing of life so upon his breach of the Covenant God severely threatned in justice the curse of death Man left to the use of his freewil § 4. Now God having entred a Covenant and seal'd it enacted a probatory law and publish'd it he leaveth man a Eâ—cles 7.28 furnish'd with sufficient power to the use of his free will for the trial of his obedience Tempted by Satan And here the b John 8.44 Devil in malice to God and envy to man making use of the c Gen. 3.1 2 3 c. 2 Co. 11.3 Serpent by the subtilty of his suggestions deceiveth Eve and by the plausible importunity of her d Gen. 3 6. 1 Tim. 2.14 perswasions Transgresseth in eating the forbidden fruit seduceth Adam to a breaking the Covenant of his God by eating the forbidden fruit Satans bait to catch men § 5. That which Satan in his temptation doth labour by subtil Sophistry to perswade is this That man should not dye though he did eat but should be like God The subtilty of Satans temtation when he had eaten This poyson the Devil first presents unto Eve in a cover'd cup words of a dark dubious and perplex'd sense by a Gen. 3.1 way of interrogation yea hath God said the better to catch at her answer His order and progress in it and pursue his design And when by his questioning he hath b Gen. 3.3 brought Gods Command into question he presently c Gen. 3.4 takes away the commination which God hath set as a bar to his law lest man should break in and transgress his command and to Gods severe threatning he d Gen. 3.5 opposeth an enticing promise which he sets on with a false crimination cast upon God and as a gloss to his lye he gives a rare commendation of the fruit The Tree of knowledg of good and evil why so called seemingly made good by the very denomination of the Tree the e Gen. 2.17 Tree of knowledg of good and evil which name it had of God not from the constitution of its nature but of his ordinance with respect to the event of mans sin foreseen § 6. wherein the hainousness of Adams transgression doth consist The enormity and hainousness of Adams sin is not to be sought for in the tast or in the fruit or in the tree which present but a low estimation of the sin to a seeming meanness of the fact but it is to be sought for in the a Gen. 2.17 3.11 Exod. 20.1.2 high contempt of the Divine Majesty and Law in the b Gen. 3.5.6.22 proud affectation of the Divine Dignity and Likeness yea in the horrid Apostacy of preferring Satans word before Gods and thereby turning from God in his truth to a siding with Satan in his c John 8.44 lie The sin then of our first Parents it was no light trivial or single sin but indeed a mass or heap of hainous horrid and manifold impieties even to a violation of the whole Decalogue how a violation of the whole Law in a total breach of that d Jam 2 8 Royal Law of love which doth e Mat. 22 36 37 38 40. Rom. 13.10 fill up both tables in what concerns God our neighbour and our selves § 7. In this transgression of Adams What was mans fist sin is doubtful and so difficult to determine the concourse and complication of many sins it is doubtful and difficult to determine which was the first sin the erroneous a Jer. 4.22 Psal 14.2 judgment of the understanding that must necessarily go before the evil election of the will in order of nature yet we conceive the understanding and will What the first internal principle of evil in man by error and evil choise did in one and the same instant compleat the sin and thereby became the first internal principle of evil in man whether that evil were a sin either of vain confidence or infidelity or of pride or of covetousness one of which most probably was which is not necessary to be determined the first sin committed by Adam in his Apostacy Adams sin was from himself freely without force And thus that Adam sinned was not by any a Jam. 1.13 enforcement either of positive decree in God or of b Jam 4.7 irresistible temptation in Satan or of c Eccles 7.29 evil disposition in himself But at the suggestion of the Devil Adam misusing the liberty of his will of his own accord did d Rom. 5.14.15 transgress the command of his God and thereby became guilty of
power can so e Jer. 24.7 Phil. 2.13 encline the will as to necessitate f Psal 110.3 not enforce its volition the policy and strength of g 2 Tim. 3.6 13 1 Pet. 5 8. men and devils is all too weak in this attempt § 4. One sin is often the cause of another How one sin is the cause of another as when man by Sin makes forfeiture a Jude 4. 1 Thes 5.19 of grace and so laid b Psal 109.6 Rom. 1.26 28. open to Satans temptations and his own vile affections he c Psal 69.27 Isa 5.18 falls from sin to sin in a precipice of backsliding from his God Again when by his sin man doth d Psal 12.8 ambulare in circuitu run the round or maze of sin his sinful acts begetting evil dispositions those evil dispositions begetting customary habits and those customary habits bringing forth sinful acts yea when e Ephes 5 18. Rom 13.14 one sin prepares the way and brings fuel to another as when f 1 Tim. 6.10 Jam. 4.1 covetousness and ambition make work for strife and murther in wars arising about wealth and honour who shall possess and command most of this mole-hil the earth Yea when by way of finality one sin is committed in order to another as the means directed to the end Thus g Mat. 26.14 15 16. Judas betrays Christ to satisfie his covetousness and h 1 King 16 9 10 16. Zimri slays his master to satisfie his ambition § 5. What the least actual sin is Every the least actual Sin is a a 1 John 3.4 transgression of Gods law and b Gal. 3.10 every the least actual transgression of Gods law is a sin Sin is manifold in its kinde And though sin be a tree which spreads it self into many branches a fountain which divides it self into many streames whether it be in respect of the Subject or the Object All sin is either of omission or of commission in respect of the efficient or the effect yet is all sin whatsoever either a sin of c Mat. 25.42 43. Jam. 4.17 omission aâ—â— that either in thought in word or in work in not doing what Gods law doth command or of d Exek 5.6 33 18. Jer. 2 13. commission in doing what Gods law doth forbid and this either in e Mat. 12.34 35.36 15.19 Acts 8.22 Tit. 1.16 Jam. 3.2 thought in f Mat. 12.34 35.36 15.19 Acts 8.22 Tit. 1.16 Jam. 3.2 word or in g Mat. 12.34 35.36 15.19 Acts 8.22 Tit. 1.16 Jam. 3.2 work § 6. What is the formative power in original sin in respect of actual Original Sin being as the a Jam. 1.15 womb to actual hath its formative faculty to assimilate and make like in the privation of righteousness and corruption of nature Whereby sins of omission have with them something of commission and Sins of commission have with them something of omission every aversion from God being accompanied with a conversion to evil Sins of omission alwaies accompanied with sins of commission and b Jer. 2.13 every conversion to evil with an aversion from God Though the sin of omission then be a meer negative in its self yet considered in the Causes and concomitants of it it never goes without a c Isa 65.12 Jer. 25.7 sin of commission joyned with it never without some internal or external act inordinately evil either ushering it in or leading it by the hand This illustrated by instance § 7. Thus when a man wills the not attending Gods worship at the time he is required by God besides the omission of his duty he commits a sin in his will because he wills that omission and if he busie himself in some temporal affairs which though they necessarily detain him yet he might without any forcing of necessity have avoided besides the breach of an affirmative precept by the omission of his duty he breaks a negative precept by the commission of a further evil For he that wils the occasion of any sin He that wils the occasion of sin by consequence wils the sin doth by consequence will the sin it self yea if through some preceding intemperance or carelesness he becomes indisposed or disenabled for the performance of Gods worship How sin is willed antecendently in its cause though not directly in its self and thereby neglects it though he wils not the omission directly in its self yet he will'd it antecedently in its cause and so becomes guilty of a double sin that of omission ushered in by that of commission Sins of commission and of omission having the same motive and end are not specifically distinct § 8. When the sin of commission is accompanied with that of omission they having the same motive and end cannot be specifically distinct Wherefore that the unjust Usurer a Neh. 5.2 3. c. Isa 3.14 gathers by griping extortion and scatters not in a relieving charity are streams from one and the same spring head of b Jer. 8.10 22.17 covetousness Proved by instances and run into the same c Ezek. 22 12. Hab. 2.5 6. Isa 56.11 gulf a satisfying his inordinate desire of riches or that the d Eph. 3.15 Isa 22.12 13. 58.3 gluttonous Epicure neglects the Church in her lawful feasts and fills himself with his riotous feasts issue from the same corrupt fountain of e Phil 3.19 2 Pet. 2.13 intemperance and tend to this one and the same end the satisfying his inordinate appetite § 9. The division of sin into that of thought What the division of sin into that of thought word and work is of word and of work is not a distinguishing it according to its compleat species or kinds but according to its incompleat parts and degrees For that the same sin which doth take its a Mat. 15.18.19 Iam. 1.15 conception in the heart may have its birth in the mouth and its full growth in the outward work Thus when the b Mat. 5.22 Ephes 4 31. wrathful person hatcheth revenge in his heart and his troubled thoughts break forth into contumelious words and injurious actions it is one and the same sin specifically consummated by several degrees and in its distinct parts § 10. Yea The first inordinate motions of lust contain'd under the evil thoughts of the hearâ— under the evil thoughts of the heart are contained the first a Gen. 6.5 Dâ—ut 10.16 30.6 Ier. 4.14 Mat. 15.19 motions of lust when inordinate So that concupisence not onely in the habitual inclination but also in the b Rom. 7.7 8. actual motions even in the first inordinate lustings is sin and this though c Rom. 7.21 those motions or lusts be never fully consented unto by the wil Though not consented to by the will yet are sin and why nor perfected by the outward act For
have a disposition or purpose to kill another though he knew it were his Father if killing the man he knows him not to be his Father which yet after proves to be his Father it is not the ignorance that shall excuse but the depraved disposition and wicked purpose which shall make guilty of patricide For though ignorance had its Concomitancy with it yet it hath not any efficiency in it and so the malefactor cannot be said to offend out of ignorance but being ignorant For there What an affected ignorance is and how it aggravates the sin when a man will be a Ezek. 12.2 Zech. 7.11 12. 1 Cor. 14.38 ignorant on purpose that he may not suffer controll in his sin but have the greater scope to offend this ignorance is affected and becomes directly b Iob 22.14 2 Pet. 3.5 voluntary because it is wil'd upon design and for ends and therefore doth rather inhance then any way abate the guilt of the sin What ignorance is indirectly voluntary § 22. But that a Hos 4.1.6 1 Cor. 15.34 ignorance which comes by negligence in a sloathfull carelesnesse or through unnecessary imploiments not indevouring to attain that knowledge which a man ought and is able to attain and that ignorance which comes by b Gen. 19.32 33. intemperance in a sottish drunkenness a man being rob'd of his discretion or the use of it such an ignorance is truly though indirectly wilfull seeing he that wils the cause doth indirectly and by consequence will the effect and this ignorance thus wilfull c 2 Thess 1.8 Rom. 8.2 3. becomes it self a sin How it self sin yet the sins which issue from this ignorance d Luke 23.24 Acts 3.17 13.27 are lessened in their guilt having the less of reason and will in their act for seeing the understanding cannot pass a right judgement yet the sins issuing from it lessened in their guilt and why the will cannot be said to give a direct consent so that though the ignorance may be aggravated by circumstances yet is the consequent sin in it self lessened by the ignorance How the sin of malice is rightly discerned § 23. To discern aright what the sin of malice is we must know that though the will be determined by a Psal 142. Prov. 2.11 the understanding in the specification of its object yet hath the will this liberty intire in it self in the exercise of the act freely to chuse what is presented as good and freely to reject what is presented as evill So that though the will doth alwayes follow the last practical judgement of the understanding How men are said to sin wilfully and against conscience yet this last judgement being often after the right judgement and the right judgement first given by the understanding and repuls'd by the will b Exod. 8.10.15 19 28 32. 9.13 14.27 28 34 35 c. 1 Sam. 15.1 2.3 9 11 13 15 18 19 22 c. virtually remaining in the act of sin and even then actually renew'd by the checkes of Conscience men are hereby said to sin winfully on set purpose and against conscience which is the true nature of that we call the sin of malice § 24. That the will doth not necessarily follow the right judgment of the understanding clearly proved That the will doth not necessarily follow the right judgement though it doth the last judgement of the understanding is apparent in the Divels reprobate in the sin against the holy Ghost and in sins against conscience And indeed if the will did necessarily follow the right judgment of the understanding Especially from the work of Regeneration the whole work of Regeneration were perfected in the act of illumination and God needed not a 2 Cor. 5.17 1 Thes 5.23 throughly sanctifie fully to enlighten were sufficient for the new birth and the new man But this is altogether dissonant from the truth of Christ which tells us the b Eph. 4.23 24. Phil. 2.13 will is renewed In which the will is renewed as well as the understanding enlightned as well as the c Eph. 1.17 18 Col. 3.10 understanding enlightned in the work of regeneration The d Phil. 1.9.10 11. understanding is enlightned to give a right judgement to the will and the will renewed to follow that right judgment of the understanding to the bringing forth the works of holiness and of righteousness § 25. How we may distinguish sins of infirmity from sins of malice By this we may distinguish sins of infirmity from sins of malice In sins of infirmity this a Psal 40.8 Acts 11.23 Gal. 6.1 Matth. 26.33 Luke 22.33 purpose and intention of the heart to please God in all things remains sincere so that though for a time the wil suffer a violation of her integrity an interruption of her resolutions through some b 2 Sam. 11.2.4 inordinate affections c Luke 22.56 c. violent passion or d 1 Chro 21.1 Luke 22.31 32 prevailing temptation yet after a while she returneth to her former good purposes by e Psal 51. Luke 22 61 62 1 Chron. 21.8.17 Prov. 24.16 repentance But in sins of malice the heart is f Jer. 13.23 Psal 10.4 Rom. 3 18. 1 John 3.8 habitually inclined unto wickedness the will is evill disposed in respect of the end There are not any sincere purposes of holiness no true aims at Gods glory and therefore the infection of the sin is the more permanent and destructive to the soul in a g Luke 7.30 Acts 7.51 stronger opposition of the good Spirit of grace in the work of repentance and faith § 26. What the distinction of sin into that of mortal and venial is The last distinction of sin is in respect of the effect into sins * 1 John 5.16 17. mortall and veniall we say in respect of the effect no sin being veniall in its nature For No sin veniall in its nature and why that any sin is pardoned doth denote an a Exod 18.20 Gal. 3.10 act of divine mercy which in b Exod. 34.67 severity rigor of Justice God might have not done But for any sin to be in its nature veniall as expiated by temporall punishment were to destroy this pardoning mercy of God and after temporall punishment to oblige him to an improperly called forgiveness lest he be tax'd with cruelty and injustice All sin is directly against no any meerly besides the law Which incurring the guilt of eternall death cannot be expiated by temporall punishment Yea c Rom. 4.15 1 John 3.4 whereas all sin is directly against not any meerly besides the law and that the violation of Gods eternall law doth incurre a guilt of d Ezek. 18.20 Rom 6.23 1 Cor. 15.56 eternall death There is no sin that can be expiated by temporall punishment but either it must be by e John 1.29
still and freely exercise it in willing what is evill How God doth turn and incline the wills of men § 16. God himself a Prov. 1.21 who as he hath the hearts so hath he the wills of all men in his hands and when he b 1 Kin. 10.26 Jer. 31.18 turns and bends inclines and moves them as he wils without any forcible compelling he doth it not by forcibly compelling but either by c Phil. 2.13 graciously renewing or by d Gen. 9.24 fairly perswading or by e Pro. 21.1 wisely disposing them And this indeed is the wonder of Gods working i Psal 19.7 Jer. 23.29 Jam. 1.18 21. that as a f Psal 115.3 135.6 free Agent he doth freely what he wils yet offers no violence to the wills of men but that in all that they doe will Why the exhortations c. of Gods word are not in vain in respect of the wicked they will freely Yea b Eph. 4.19 1 Tim. 4.2 and from hence it is that the exhortations threatnings and promises of Gods word are not in vain in respect of the wicked being the g Heb. 4.12 appointed means effectuall through the common enlightnings of the Spirit to h Num. 22.18 1 King 21.27 restrain from sin and through the sanctifying power accompanying his word to convert unto righteousness By multiplying his sin man aggravates his punishment and how in spirituals § 9. But man rejecting Gods Word and transgressing his Law doth by his a Lev. 26.18 multiplication of sin beget a further aggravation of punishment in that contracting an habituated custom to an a Lev. 26.18 hardness of heart his soul is inseparably attended with an c Rom. 2.5 Heb. 10.27 utter despair to an horror of conscience And thus man being d Acts 26.18 Eph. 2.2 Col. 1.13 2 Tim. 2.26 subjected to Satans power he is by Satan inslaved unto the e 1 Joh. 2.15.16 John 8.23 Gal. 1.4 world and f John 8.34 Rom. 6.12.16 c. 1 John 3.8 sin and thereby brought under bondage unto g Isai 5.14 Luke 16.23 Rom. 8.15 1 Cor. 15.56 Heb. 2.15 Death and Hell What the corporall death and how begun § 10. This spirituall death which especially seizeth the Soul is inseparably accompanied with corporall death which especially surprizeth the body being begun in a Deut. 28.21 22 27 28. Matth. 9.2 sicknesses and b Gen. 3.16.17 Job 21.17 sorrows c Deut 28.36 4.48 c. servitude and slavery d Gen. 3.19 Eccl. 2.22 23. weariness and toyl e Deut. 28.25 26 53 c. calamities and f Deut. 28.39 40 48 c. wants the very Creatures intended for Mans use being g Gen. 3.17.18 Eccl. 1.2 Rom. 8.22 cursed for Mans sake § 11. How and when finished When death at last doth put a period to mans dayes it doth add a a 1 Cor. 15.42 43. complement of his temporall miseries and begin the anguish of eternall torments The body being laid in a grave of corruption the soul is b Luk. 16.22 23. Luk 12.5 hurried to an hell of perdition where they remain till death spiritual and corporal be swallowed up in death eternall § 12. What the eternall death The dead a Joh. 5.28 29 Acts 24.15 body at the last day being raised from the grave to an immortall death shall by an b Mat. 25.41 irrevocable sentence of the last judgement be c Mat. 10.28 22.13 25.30 Rev. 21.8 cast with the soul into hell the d Luke 16.23 26 1 Pet. 3.19 place and prison of the damned In its punishment of losse and of sense where they shall suffer together an unsufferable and eternall punishment of losse and of sense that privative this positive § 13. The punishment of loss What the punishment of loss is that doth consist in a a Luke 13.27 28 Matth. 22 13 25.41 2 Thes 1.9 totall and finall separation from the b Psal 139.8 Psal 16.11 36.8 9. grâ—cious presence of God and from all the c joy blisse and glory which doth accompany the beatificall vision and full fruition of him § 14. What the punishment of sense is The punishment of sense doth consist especially in that a Isai 66.24 Mark 9.44 worm of an evill conscience which ever gnaweth with uncessant tortures and in that b Mark 9.44 Luke 16.23 24. fire of hellish flames which ever scorcheth with uncessant torments which cause endless easeless and remediless c Luke 13.28 Matth. 13.42 weepings and wailings and gnashings of teeth § 15. This punishment as it is eternall How the punishment of the damned is infinite as well as eternal so it is infinite infinite in respect of that privative part the punishment of loss not in respect of that positive part a Mat. 11.22 24 23.14 15 Luk. 12.47 48 the punishment of sense And therefore in Hell there are different measures of punishment proportionable to the different degrees of sin yet the least measure as it shall be then b Isa 33.14 intollerable so it is now c Matth. 22 13 unconceiveable § 16. That wrath which comes by originall sin is aggravated by mans actuall transsgression The full measure is at the day of judgement and how Thus man having the wrath of God abiding on him for a Rom. 5.18 originall Sin he increaseth his sin and thereby b Rom. 2.5 aggravateth that wrath by his actuall transgression treasuring up to himself wrath against the day of wrath that is the c Jude 6.14 15. day of judgement which shall be at the d Mat 24.3 end of the world to the e John 5.29 finall condemnation f 2 Pet. 2.2 full punishment and g 2 Pet 3.7 utter perdition of the ungodly The estate of man fallen summarily described § 17. Wherefore seeing this is the estate of man fallen a captive to the Prince of darkness sold a Rom. 7.14.23 under the power of sin b Rom. 6.23 Gal. 3.10.23 involv'd in the curs of death c Rom. 3.19 Jer. 7.29 made subject to the judgement of wrath d Rom. 5.18 Mat. 25.41 liable to the condemnation of Hell certain it must needs be No salvation by the law or first covenant of works that by the e Rom. 3.20 Gal. 2.16 3.21 law or first covenant of works no flesh can be saved So that unlesse God in the unsearchable riches of his wisdom unconceivable tenderness of his mercy So that without Redemption by a Mediator Adam and his posterity must inevitably perish in their sin had decreed from all eternity and in fulnness of time wrought recovery and redemption by a f 1 Tim. 2.5.6 Acts 4.12 Mediator Adam and all his posterity must inevitably have perish'd in their sin FINIS
fetching down fire with a word both may be done by nature but not in that order and manner which is properly the miraculous operation of a divine power These several kinds of miraculous effects are one greater then another the first greater then the second and the second greater then the third all according to the several degrees they exceed the strength of Nature in her most powerful operations God's special Providence over Angels and men § 17. Besides that general Providence of God common to all the creatures there is his especial Providence over Angels and men correspondent to their so excellent condition How over Angels as being endued with understanding and will God's special Providence over the Angels in his a Psal 103.19 Heb. 1.6 subjecting them to his government b Psal 104 4. Heb. 1.14 appointing them their ministrations and c Psal 91.11 Mat. 6 10. ordering them in their services according to his will How ever men His especial Providence over men appears in his d Job 10 8. Psal 139.13 14 15. forming them in the womb and giving them birth in his e Job 7.1 14.5 numbring their daies and appointing their deaths in f Prov. 16.1 ordering their thoughts g Prov. 16 1. ruling their tongues and h Jer. 10.23 directing their paths God's peculiar Providence over the Church of his Elect. § 18. Besides this special Providence of God over Angels and men in general there is a peculiar Providence of God over the Church of his Elect in particula The dispensation whereof is committed of the Father unto a Psal 2.6 Isa 9 6 7. 1 Cor. 15.24 25 Christ the b Isa 9.6 Prince of Peace The dispensation hereof committed to Christ and how perform'd and c Psal 24.10 King of Glory and this as he is the d Ephes 1.20 21 22. Col. 1.18 Head of the Church which is his body the members of which body he governs by his Spirit e Ezek 36 27. putting his Law into their hearts and f Phil 2.13 working in them both to will and to do still leading them with his Counsels till he receives them unto glory § 19. God's Providence particularly applyed The Providence of God whether a Psal 113.5 6 generally extended or especially b Psal 139 16. eminent or c 2 Chro. 16 9. Psal 34.16 peculiarly gracious it is d Job 39.1 c. Psa 113 7 8 9. Psa 146.7 8 9. Mat. 6.26 28. particuliarly applyed Though generally extended to all creatures yet particularly applyed to every creature Every e Mat. 10.30 head and how yea every hair of the head f Mat. 10.29 every sparrow yea every feather of the sparrow every g Psal 147 8. pile of grass or h Mat. 6.30 bit of straw doth declare not onely the immediate presence but also the Almighty Providence of God and not onely in a general notion but even in a particular relation of providencial notice and regard § 20. This aptly illustrated God doth not do with the world as the workman with a watch when by the divine art of his al-powerful hand he hath finished each wheel and fitted each part then to wind it up by a law of nature and set it by him to observe how the time spends how the ages pass no but rather God doth with the world as David with his harp when artificially made and accurately strung he tunes the creatures as so many strings unto an uni-sone consent of divine harmony by an obediential power unto his holy will and then by his hand of Providence he strikes each string in its due place whereby it hath a particular note in the a Psal 103.22 Psal 148. universal melody of the World's Hallelujah § 21. Why God's Providence doth not admit Annihilation of the creatures Such is the Providence of God in his Government of the world and for the preservation of his creatures that there is no annihilation of them either by course of nature or miraculous power not by course of nature for in all the vicissitudes of generation and corruption the first matter as the subject of both remains incorruptible and not by miraculous power for the end of miracle as an act of divine power is to manifest the divine goodness and miraculously to annihilate is not correspodent to this end of Miracles which is attain'd by preserving rather then by annihilating CHAP. IX Concerning the Angels Elect and Apostate What the nature of the Angels is § 1. THE Angels in a Dan. 7.10 Heb. 12.22 number innumerable were created in b Job 38 7. chief excellency over all the creatures being c Heb. 1 7 14 Luke 20.36 spiritual and d Heb. 1 7 14 Luke 20.36 immortal substances beautified with a more e 2 Sam. 14 20. 2 Cor. 2.11 Ephes 6.10 excellent knowledg f Job 38.7 John 8.44 uprightness g Isa 6.2 Ezek. 1 7. Rev. 14 6. agility and h 2 Pet. 2.11 Mat. 12. â—0 strength How and when created § 2. Created they were all together and at once a Mat. 22.29.30 propagation being inconsistent with the Angelical Nature and proper onely to corporeal substances made the b Psal 103 21. Host of the invisible Heavens as the c Jer 33.22 Stars are the host of the visible and so a d Gen. 1.1 2.1 part of the Haxameron six daies creation Indeed the Angels being a part of the Universe were certainly created with the whole Universe of which they are part the whole consisting of creatures spiritual and corporeal Why and how immortal § 3. The Angels are therefore immortal because immaterial immortal intrinsecally in the constitution of their natures not extrinsecally in relation to Gods power which as it did produce them out of nothing by creation so can it reduce them into nothing by annihilation It is Gods property alone to be a Mal. 3 6. Jam. 1.17 absolutely unchangeable in himself and in relation to all outward Agents The trial of Angels § 4. For the Government of the Angels by his Providence God imprinted in them a a John 8.44 knowledg of his Truth at their creation and enacted them a Law for their trial to which law having annexed a promise of free reward upon obedience and a threatning of due punishment upon transgression The obedience and confirmation of the good Angels some of the Angels being firm in their obedience commanded became partakers of the reward promised being b 1 Tim. 5.21 Luke 9 26. confirm'd in grace c Eph. 1.10 22. Col. 2.15 20. through Christ and established in d Mat. 18.10 22.30 2 Cor. 11.14 glory with God according to their e Ephes 1.21 3.10 Col. 1.16 1 Thes 4.16 several offices and degrees enjoying his presence and doing him f Plas 103.20 Isa 6.3 Luke
15. Yea some Bodies we acknowledg incorruptible either in respect of their Matter or of their Form or of their Efficient amongst which were the bodies of our first Parents How some bodies said to be incorruptible The Heaven of Heavens was created incorruptible in respect of its Matter as having no capacity of nor propension to any other Form then what it already hath The Bodies of the blessed shall be raised a 1 Cor. 15.42 53. incorruptible in respect of their form as having thereby conveyed to them such an endowment of immortality as shall preserve from all corruption and how the bodies of our first Parents And the Bodies of our first Parents were kept incorruptible in respect of the efficient God communicating to them a preservative power by effectual means the Tree of life appointed for the preventing of corruption whilst they continued in their innocency What and how great things God did that Man should not sin § 16. That man should not sin God gave him a a Col. 3.10 cleer knowledg and an b Eccles 7.29 upright Will he gave him a c Gen. 2.17 firm law fenc'd with a gracious promise upon obedience and a dreadful threatning upon transgression and he gave him a visible d Gen. 2.9 sacrament to signifie and seal what was promised and what was threatned All this God did that man should not sin and what he would have done that Man should not dye and had not man sinned more would God have done that he should not dy he would have preserved him from outward violence by e Psa 91.1 121. 34 c. divine protection and the f Psal 34.7 91.11 12. Ministry of Angels he would have supply'd him with continual food from the wholsom g Gen. 1.29 2.16 fruit of a pleasant Paradise he would have prevented all distemper decay and dissolution from sickness age and death by the vertue of temperance and the h Gen 3 22. tree of life yea after his temporal estate of an earthly happiness God would have i Gen. 5.24 Heb 11.5 1 Cor. 15.51 translated him to an Heavenly habitation of eternal blessedness § 17. Original righteousness was not such What original righteousness was as that thereby man had no power to sin for the a Gen. 3.6 11.12 17. event shews the contrary but such as that thereby man b Gen 1.27 2.17 had a power not to sin which Original righteousness was a * Gen. 1.26 Eccles 7.29 con-natural endowment no supernatural gift and therefore had it been transmitted from Adam in his standing as the privation thereof is propagated in his fall unto his whole posterity For that being the righteousness of mans nature not Adams person and how to hâ—ve bin transmitted to Adams posterity it did belong to an equal right unto his Posterity as to himself and so should have been transmitted not by vertue of any seminal power but of c Exod. 20 6. divine ordination to all after generations § 18. Why said to be a con-natural endowment Wherefore seeing Original righteousness was to have been propagated with the human nature if man had not fallen it could not be any supernatural gift and seeing Original righteousness is wholly lost and yet mans specifical nature retain'd in his fal it could not be from any natural principle therefore we say it is betwixt both a con natural endowment It did not flow from any principles of mans nature but was given to man with his nature to be a natural principle of Actual righteousness And seeing opposita sunt unius generis Original sin being opposite to Original righteousness as Original sin is become a natural deformity so was Original righteousness a natural integrity and with mans nature to have been transmitted by propagation to Adams posterity The will the chief seat of original righteousness § 19. The inseparable property of the will the chief seat of Original righteousness is this that it act freely without constraint either in choosing or in refusing what is presented unto it by the understanding What its essential liberty is And this is the liberty which is so essential to the will as that without it it were no will And therefore it is to be found in God and in Christ in the Angels and in Devils yea in man whether it be in his estate of innocency of sin of grace or of glory What the liberty of contrariety is and why not essential to the will The liberty then which is essential to the will doth not consist in a liberty of contrariety which implies an indifferency to objects specifically different as a Deut. 30.19 good and evil for then should not the will of God nor of Christ no nor the will of Angels or of the blessed have its liberty seeing they cannot will what is evil being b Heb. 12.23 Rev. 14.13 perfectly confirmed in good What that of contradiction is and why not essential to the will § 20. Yea it is not absolutely necessary to the freedom of the will that it have a liberty of contradiction being indifferent in the exercise of the act to will or not to will for that the blessed Angels and Saints in heaven do freely love and praise God yet can they not a 1 Cor. 13 8 12. Rev. 4 8. 7.15 forbear or suspend the acts of loving and of praising him sure the will as in the desire so much more in the enjoyment of its last end it necessarily wils and yet freely too It cannot but will yet without any external force or internal coaction being b Psal 16.27 11.15 36.8 wholly possest with a delightful complacency in its object In what it is necessary that the will have a liberty of contradiction That the will then be free in a liberty of contradiction is necessary onely in the use of means which admit of deliberations not in the desire or enjoyment of the last end and chief good to which the will is carried by a natural propension not a voluntary election and so excludes all preceding deliberation § 21. What 's the liberty of wil in God in Christ in the Angels and in the blessed What in the Devils and in the wicked What in man in the state of innocence and of grace Such a liberty of will then as is free onely to good is in a 2 Cor. 3.17 God and in Christ in the Angels and in the Blessed such a liberty of will as is free onely to evil is in the Devils and b Gen 6.5 Job 15.16 in the wicked and such a liberty of will as is free both to good and evil was in man in his state of innocency and is in him in c Gal. 5 17. Phil. 2.13 his state of grace In Adam then before his fall there was not any thing of coaction from within or of enforcement