Selected quad for the lemma: law_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
law_n	pay_v	priest_n	tithe_n	4,836	5	10.3389	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A91297	The third part of a seasonable, legal, and historical vindication of the good old fundamental liberties, franchises, rights, laws, government of all English freemen; with a chronological collection of their strenuous defenses, by wars, and otherwise: of all great Parliamentary Councills, synods, and chief laws, charters, proceedings in them; of the publike revolutions of state, with the sins and vices occasioning them; and the exemplary judgements of God upon tyrants, oppressors, perjured perfidious traitors, rebels, regicides, usurpers, during the reigns o [sic] four Saxon and Danish Kings, from the year of our Lord 600. till the coronation of William the Norman, anno 1066. Collected out of our antientest, and best historians, with brief usefull observations on and from them. / By William Prynne esq; a bencher of Lincolns Inne.; Seasonable, legall, and historicall vindication and chronologicall collection of the good, old, fundamentall, liberties, franchises, rights, laws of all English freemen. Part 3	Prynne, William, 1600-1669.	1657 (1657)	Wing P4102; Thomason E905_1; ESTC R207432	279,958	400

omnium quae habebit and if any fought or drew any weapon in the Kings house and was apprehended sit in arbitrio Regis sit vita sit mors sicut ei condonate voluerit Lex 8. because it might endanger the kings person This king Alfred made two special Laws for securing even Leets and Inferiour Courts of Iustice from armed violence and disturbances by fighting which I shall recite Lex 41. Si quis coram Alderma●no Regis pugnet In publico emendet Weram Witam sicut rectum sit supra hoc CXX s. ad Witam Lex 42. Si quis Folemot id est populi placitum Armorum exercitione turbabit emendet Aldermanno CXX s. Witae id est foris factu●ae What Fines and punishments then do they deserve who not only fight before and disturb Aldermen and Leets with their Armes but even disturb fight and use their Armes against our Aldermen themselves yea all the Aldermen Peers and Great men of the Realm assembled in the highest greatest Parliamentary Councils and over-awe imprison secure seclude and forcibly dissolve them at their pleasures as some of late times have done beyond all former Presidents During the reign of this Noble king Alfred Gythro the Dane sometimes stiled Godrin or Guthurn Anno 878. with an invincible Army running over all the Coasts of England wasiing the Country and depopulating all sacred places wheresoever he came quicquid in auro et argento rapere potest Militibus erogavit and seising upon loca quaeque munita forced King Alfred being so distressed that he knew not what to do nor whither to turn himself to retire and save himself in the Isle Aethelingie for a season till recollecting his scattered Subjects and Forces together he vanquished Githro and his Army in a set battel at Ethendune and then besieging him and his remaining forces 15 dayes in a Castle to which they fled compelled them by Famine and the Sword to make peace with him upon this Condition ut Regni et Regis infestationem perpetuo abjurarent That they should perpetually abjure the infesting of the King and Realm and that they should turn Christians which they accordingly performed Githro with 30 of the choicest men in his Army being baptized at Alve 15 days after king Alfred being their Godfather and giving him the name of Aethelstane After which Alfred feasting him and his Captains 12 days in his Court gave Githro Eastengland to inhabit wherein king Edmund reigned to be held of and under him Whereupon Githro and his Danes An. 879. leaving Cirencenster marched into the East parts of England which he divided amongst his Souldiers who then began to inhabit it by Alfreds donation Upon this accord or some time after King Alfre and Gythro by the Common consent of their Great Councils and wise men made and enacted certain civil and Ecclesiastical Laws for the government of their People and Realms recorded in Bromton Lambert and Spelman where those who please may peruse them the Prologue and 2 first Laws whereof I shall only recite as both pertinent to my purpose and seasonable for our times much opposing the Magistrates coercive power in matters relating to God and Religion Hoc est consili●m quod Alredus Rex et Godrinus Rex eligerunt et condixerunt quando Angli et Dani ad pacem et concordiam plenè convenerunt et Sapientes et qui posteà successerunt saepiùs Hoc est assid●è renovantes in bonum semper adduxerunt Cap. 1. Inprimis est ut unum Deum diligere velint et omni Paganismo sedulo renunciare et instituerunt secularem Iustitiam pro eo quod sciebant quod non poterant multos alitèr castigare plures verò Nolebant ad Dei cultum sicut deberent ali●è Inclinari et secularem emendationem instituerunt communem Christo et Regi ubicunque Recusabitur Lex Dei justè servari secundum dictionem Epis●opi Et hoc est primum edictum Ecclesiae Pax intra parietes suos ut Regis Handgrith semper inconvulsa permaneat Cap. 2. Siquis Christanitatem suam malè mutat vel Paganismum veneretur verbis vel operibus reddat sic Weram sic Witam sic Lashlyte secundum quod factum sit that is Let him be fined and ransomed according to the quality of his offence This Noble King Alfred who fought no lesse than 46 bloody Battels with the Danes by Land and Sea for his Countries Liberties Although he was involved in perpetual Wars and Troubles with the Danish Invaders all his daies as our Historians and this his Epitaph Demonstrates Nobilitas innata tibi probitatis Honorem Armipotens Alurede dedit Probitasque laborem Perpetuumque Labor nomen cui mixta dolori Gandia semper erant spes semper mixta timori Si modò victus er at ad crastina bella parabat Si modò victor erat ad crastina bella pavebat Cui vestes sudore jugi cui sica cruore Tincta jugi quantum sit onus regnare probarunt Non fuit immensi quisquam per climata mundi Cui tot in adversis vel respirare liceret Nec tamen aut ferro contritus ponere Ferrum Aut Gladio potuit vitae fiuisse Labores I am post transactos Regni vitaeque Labores Christus ei fit vera quies sceptrumque perenne Yet these things are remarkable in him 1. That he most exactly and justly governed his people by and according to his and his Predecessors known Laws in the midst of all his Wars not by the harsh Laws of Conquest and the largest Sword 2. That he advanced Learning and all sorts of Learned Men erecting Schools of Learning and the famous University of Oxford which he founded or at least refounded when decayed in the heat of all his Wars and Troubles 3. That he was so far from spoyling the Church and Churchmen or any other his Subjects of their Lan●s Tithes or Revenues to maintain his perpetual Wars against the impious Pagan Danes who destroyed all Churches and Religious as well as other Houses where ever they came that he not only prepared adorned endowed many old deoayed Churches and Monasteries but likewise in the year 888 he built two new Monasteries of his own at Ethelingei and Shaff●esbury and endowed them with ample riches and possessions and by sundry Charters gave several Lands to the Churches of Durham Worcester and Canterbury Moreover he not only duly paid Tithes and other Duties to the Church himself but also by his Laws enjoyned all his Subjects under sundry mulcts justly to pay Tithes and Churchels to their Priests and Ministers with all other Duites and Oblations belonging to the Church for the maintenance of the Ministers and Gods worship together with Peterpence for the maintenance of the English School at Rome prohibiting all men to invade the Churches Rights and Possessions under severe penalties 4. That he equally divided all his annual Revenues into two equal parts

whereof he lost many in the first battel the next day when he appointed again to fight with them Earl Godwin General of the Enlish Militia without King Cnutes privity resolved with his English forces alone to invade the Swedish Enemies in the night Whereupon using this Speech to his Souldiers ut pristinae gloriae memores robur suum oculis novi Domini assererent c. they all valiantly assaulted the Enemies at unawares put them all to flight slew an innumerable multitude of them and compelled the Kings of that Nation Ulf and Eglaf to yield to terms of Peace Cnute preparing to fight very early the next morning thought the English had been either fled away or revolted to the Enemies but marching to the Enemies tents and finding nothing but the bloud and carcasses of those the English had slain he thereupon ever after had the English in great esteem who by this their Victory Comitatum Duci sibi laudem paraverunt writes Malmsbury Cnute returning joyfull of this Victory into England and bestowing an● Earldom on Godwin for this Service In the year 1027. Cnute hearing that the Norwegians disesteemed Olaus their King by reason of his simplicity bribed his Nobles with great sums of gold and silver to reject Olaus and elect him for their King which they promising to do the next year he sailed into Norwey with 50 ships ' thrust Olaus out of his kingdom by consent of his Nobles and subdued his Realm to himself whence returning into England An. 1029. H●conem Danicum Comisem quasi Legationis causa in Exilium misit because he had maried Gunilda a Noble matron daughter of the King of Vandals unde metuebat ab illo vel à vitâ privari vel à regno expelli who was after drowned in the Sea or slain in the Orcades Anno 1030. In which year Robert Duke of No●mandy going to Hierusalem Apud Fischamium PROCERES AD COLLO QUIUM VOCAVIT ibique Gulielmum filium suum haeredem sibi constituens fecit omnes ei fidelitatem jurare And the same year the Norwegians cruelly murdered Olaus their King Doctor Preacher and Apostle with an ax Indignabatur enim Gens illa pagana et cruentissima QUOD PRIMAS LEGES et superstitiosas idem sanctus Rex Olaus praedicando docendo evangelizando statuendo evacuaret But Cnutes gold was the prime cause thereof to get his Crown as he had done his Realm and Edmond Ironsides for whose soul he prayed and offered a rich embroydered Pale on his Tomb at Glastonbury Anno 1026. Hoc autem fecisse creditur ne in mortem ejus cui in certamine singulari confoeder atus fuerat consenssisse vider etur writes Mat. Westminster King Cnute Anno 1031 to palliate his Usurpations of other mens Crowns with the shew of Devotion travelled to Rome in very great pomp where he offered very great gifts in gold silver rich vestments and pretious stones and obtained from Pope John That the English School shduld be frée from Tribute In his going and returning he not only gave large alms to the poor but likewise removed and deleted many unjust Tolls and Taxes exacted from such who travelled to Rome giving a Great price to abolish them He solemnly vowed to God before the Sepulcher of the Apostle Peter a reformation both of his life and manners In pursuance whereof he writ a Letter from Rome to the Archhishops of Canterbury and Yorke all the Bishops Nobles and Rulers and to the whole English Nation as well Nobles as Plebeans wherein he certified them That he had procured from the Emp. of Germany King Rodolphus the Pope and other Princes a release of all unjust Tolls and Taxes exacted of his people as they travelled out of devotion towards Rome and of the vast sums of money which the Archbishops paid to the Pope for their Palls After which he in forms them That he had vowed to justify his life to God himself in all things To govern the Kingdoms and Nations under his subjection justly and piously To observe just judgement in all things and if through the Intemperance or negligence of his youth he had hitherto done any things besides that which was JVST that he promised by Gods assistance to reform it all Therefore I obtest and command all my Counsellors to whom I have committed the Counsels and Justice of my Realm that by no means either for fear of me or through favour to any potent person they should from henceforth doe any Injustice or cause it to sprout up in all my kingdom Likewise I command all the Sheriffs and Officers throughout my Realm as they desire to enjoy my favour or their own safety that they do No unjust violence to any Man neither to rich nor poor but it shall be lawfull for all as well Noble as Ignoble to enjoy justice and right from which they might not deviate in any manner neither for Regal favour nor for the person of any potent man nec propter mihi congerendam pecuniam quia nulla mihi necessitas est ut iniqua exactione pecunia mihi congeratur nor yet for raising 〈◊〉 ●eaping up money to me Because there is no necessity for me and let those who now plead Necessity both for their own illegal imposing levying of unjust uncessant heavy Taxes Imposts Excises on our Nations without grant and common consent in Parliam●nt● consider it that money should be raised and collected for my use by an injust exaction After this he en●oyns them by thi● Letter To pay all Debts and Duties due by the antient Law as Tithes of their corn and cattel Peter pence and First fruits at the Feasts appointed under pain of the penalties inflicted by the Laws which he would strictly exact without pardon Neither was he worse than his word writes Malmsbury for he commanded all the Laws made by antient Kings and especially by his predecessor King Ethelred to be for ever observed under pain of a regal mulct To the custody of all which ancient Laws Even now writes he our Kings are sworn under the name of King Edwards Lawes non quod illa statuerit sed observaverit And Matthew Westminster records further Vicecomitibus Regni Angliae et Praepositis districtè mandavit ut nulli hominum vim inferant nec propter pecuniam fisco reponendam in aliquo a Iustitia deviant dum non habeat necessitatem de peccato pecuniam adaugere If this Forein Danish Conqueror and Usurper of the Crown of England quod Bellico Iure obtinebat et armorum violentia as William Thorne records was at last so just and equal to the English as to reform all his former extravagant acts of Injustice Exactions Oppressions to release all unjust Taxes Exactions Oppressions and not to exact or raise any monies unjustly on the people upon any real or pretended necessity without their common consent in Parliament by any of his Officers should not our

Kenulph After the decease of her father the Tort Feasor 4ly That the same cause and complaint was revived continued ended in succeeding that rested undecided and unrecompensed in former Councils 5ly That Agreements Exchanges and Judgements given upon Complaints in Parliamentary Councils were conclusive and final to the Parties and their Heirs 6ly That Injuries done by the power of our Kings or great Men in one Parliamentary Council as in dividing the Archbishoprick of Canterbury c. were examined redressed by another subsequent Council 7ly That Parliamentary Councils in that Age were very frequently held at least once or twice a year if not interrupted by wars and that usually at Clovesho according to the Decree of the Council of Heartford under Archbishop Theodor That the Bishops once a year should assemble together in a Council at Clovesho as Gervasius Doroberniensis records there being 4 Councils there and elsewhere held in King Beornulfs 4 years reign I find m another Council held at Clovesho in the year 824 the 3. of the Calends of November under Beornulf King of Mercians and Wulfred Archbishop of Canterbury where this King which all his Bishops and Abbots and all the Princes Nobles and many most wise men we●e assembled together Amongst other businesses debated therein there was a sute between Heabere Bishop of Worcester and the Nuns of Berclea concerning the inheritance of Aethelfrick Son of Aethelmund to wit the Monasterie called West-Burgh the Lands whereof with the Books the Bishop then had as Aethelfrick had before commanded that they should be restored to the Church of Worcester This Bishop with 50 Mass Priests and 160 other Priests Deacons Monks and Abbots whose names are recorded in the Manuscript swore that this Land and Monastery were impropriated to his possession and Church which Oath with all these fellow swearers he was ordered to take at Westminster and did it accordingly after 30 nights respire Whereupon It was ordained and decreed by the Archbishop all the Council consenting with him that the Bishop should enjoy the Monastery Lands and Books to him and his Church and so that sute was ended and this Decree pronounced thereupon Quapropter si quis hunc agrum ab illâ Ecclesiâ in Ceastre nititur evellere contra Decreta sanctorum Canonum sciat se facere quia sancti Canones decernunt Quicquid Sancta Synodus universalls cum Catholico Archiepiscopo suo adjudicaverit nullo modo fractum vel irritum esse faciendum Haec autem gesta sunt Hi sunt Testes Confirmatores hujus rei quorum nomina hic infrà notantur à die tertio Calend Novembrium Ego Beornulf Rex Merciorum hanc chartulam Synodalis decreti signo sanctae Christi Crucis confirmavi Then follows the Archbishops Subscription and confirmation in like words with the subscriptions of sundry Bishops Abbots Dukes and Nobles being 32 in number all ratifying this Decree An. 833. Egbert King of West-Saxons Athelwulfe his Son Witlasius king of Mercians both the Archbishops Abbots cum Proceribus majoribus totius Angliae with the greatest Nobles of all England were all assembled together at London in a National Parliamentary Council pro consilio capiendo contra Danicos Piratas Littora Angliae assidne infestantes to take Counsel what to do against the Danish Pirates dayly infesting the Sea-Coasts of England In this Council the Charter of Witlasius king of Mercians to the Abbey of Croyland where he was hid and secured from his enemies was made and ratified wherein he granted them many rich gifts of Plate Gold Silver Land and the Privilege of a Sanctuary for all offenders flying to it for shelter which grant could not be valid without a Parliamentary confirmation for he being elected King omnium consensu after the slaughters of Bernulf and Ludican two invading Tyrants cut off in a short time qui contra fas purpuram induerent regno vehementet oppresso totam militiam ejus quae quondam plurima extiterat victoriosissima sua imprudentia perdiderant as Ingulphus writes was enforced to hold his kingdom from Egbert king of West-Sax●ns under a Tribute And thereupon conferring divers Lands by his Charter to this Abbey for ever to be held of him his heirs and Successors Kings of Mercia in perpetual and pure Frankalmoigne quietae solutae ab omnibus oneribus secularibus exactionibus vectigalibus universis quocunque nomine censeantur That his grant might be sound and valid he was necessitated to have it confirmed in this Parliamentary Council by the consent of King Egbert and his Son and of all the Bishops Abbots et Proceribus Majoribus Angliae and the greater Nobles of England there present most of them subscribing and ratifying this Charter with the sign of the Cross and their names About the year of Grace 838. there was a Parliamentary Council held at Kingston in which Egbert king of the West-Saxons and his Son Aethelwulfe Ceolnoth Archbishop of Canterbury with the rest of the Bishops and Nobles of England were present Amongst many things there acted and spoken Archbishop Ceolnoth shewed before the whole Council That the foresaid Kings Egbert and Aerhelwulfe had given to Christchurch the Mannor called Malinges in Sussex free from all secular service and Regal Tributes excepting only these three Expedition building of Bridge and Castle which foresaid Mannor and Lands King Baldred gave to Christchurch Sed quia ille Rex cunctis Principibus non placuit noluerunt donum ejus permanere ratum But because this King pleased not all his Nobles they would not that this his gift should continue firm To which Sir Henry Spelman adds this Marginal Note Rex non potuit distrahere patrimonium Regni sine assensu Procerum Wherefore the foresaid Kings in this Parliamentary Council with their Nobles assent at the request of the said Archbishop regranted and confirmed it to Christchurch with this Anathema annexed against the infringers of this grant If any shall presume to violate it on the behalf of God and of us Kings Bishops Abbots and all Christians let him be separated from God and let his portion be with the Devil and his Angols Polydor Virgil records that King Athelwulfe in the year 847. going in pilgrimage to Rome repaired the English School there lately burned down and in imitation of King Ina made that part of his Kingdom which Eghert his Father had added Tributary towards it Legeque sancibit and enacted by a Law made in a Parliamentary Council that those who received 30 pence rent every year out of their possessions or had more houses should pay for those houses they inhabited every of them a penny a peece to the Pope for the maintenance of this School at the Feast of Peter and Paul or at least of St. Peters bonds which Law some writes he though falsely ascribr to his Son Alfred which act others refer to the years 855 or 857 and that

immediately yeelded and made their peace with him they and the whole Country giving him such and so many hostages as he desired for his security and likewise swearing allegiance to him Only the Londoners defending their lawfull King within their walls shut the Gates against him From Winchester Swain marched with great glory and triumph to London endeavouring by all means either to take it by force or surprize it by fraud At his first arrival he lost many of his Souldiers who were drowned in the River of Thames through overmuch rashness because they would neither seek for Bridge nor ford to pass over it King Ethelred being then within the City and having no other refuge the Citizens closing their Gates manfully defended their lawfull King and City against the assailants Who encouraged with the hope of glory and great booty fiercely assaulted the City on all sides but were all most valiantly repulsed by the Citizens through the assistance of valiant Earl Turkel then within it the Danes sustaining great loss of men who were partly slain and partly drowned the Citizens not only repulsing them from the Walls but likewise sallying forth and slaying them by heaps so that Swain himself was in danger to be slain had he not desperately ran through the midst of his Enemies and by flight escaped their swords Malmesbury thus writes of the Citizens Oppidani in mortem pro Libertate ruebant nullam sibi veniam futuram arbitrantes si Regem desererent quibus ipse vitam suam commiserat It aque cum ut inque acriter certaretur Iustior causa victoriam habuit Civibus magna ope conantibus dum unusquisque sudores suos Principi ostentare et pro eo pulchrum putaret emori Hostium pars prostrata pars in flumine Thamesi necata Hereupon Swain despairing to take the City marched with his torn shattered Army first to Wallingford plundering and demolishing all things they met with in their way after their wonted manner and at last they came to Bath where Ethelmere Earl of the West Country with all his people came and submitted to him giving him hostages for their loyalty Having thus finished all things according to his desire he returned with his Hostages to his Navy being both called and reputed King by all the People of England London excepted si Rex jure queat vocari qui fere cuncta Tyrannice faciebat vrite Florence of Worcester Simeon Dunelmensis very cautelously Nec adhuc flecterentur Londinenses tota jam Anglia in clientelant ejus inclinata nisi Ethelredus praesentia eos destitueret sua as Malmesbury observes King Ethelred being a man given to sloathfullness and through consciousness of his own demerits very fearful deeming no man faithfull to him by reason of the tragical death of his Brother Edward for which he felt this Divine revenge not daring to raise an Army nor fight the Enemy with it when raised Ne Nobiles Regni quos injuste exhaeredaberat lest the Nob●es of the Rea●m whom he had unjustly dis-inherited should desert and deliver him up to the Enemy declining the necessity of war and of a new siege most unworthily deserted the Londoners his faithfull valiant Subjects and Protectors in the midst of their dangers Enemies flying away secretly frō them to Hamshire by secret journies from wbence he sailed to the Isle of Wight Hereupon the Londoners Laudandi prorsus vi●i quos Mars ipse collata non sperneret hasta si Ducem habuissent Cujus dum vel sola umbra protegerentur totius pugnae aleam ipsam obsidionem etiam non paucis mensibus luserunt Seeing themselves thus unworthily deserted by their Soveraign in their extremities moved by the example of the rest of their Countrymen submitted themselves likewise to King Swain sending Hostages to and making their peace with him the rather for that they feared Swains fury was so much incensed against them for his former shamefull repulses by them that if they submitted not to him of their own accords he would not only spoil them of all their goods but likewise command either all their eyes to be pulled out or their hands and feet to be cut off if he subdued them by force John Speed against the current of other Historians informs us That Swain after his repulse from London having received a certain sum of money went back into Denmark for want of victuals and to recruit his shattered Army whence returning soon after he was immediatly met by the English where betwixt them was struck a sore battel which had been with good success had not the Treason of some hindred it in turning to the Danes King Ethelred therefore seeing himself and the Land betrayed on this manner to those few true English that were left used this Speech as followeth If there wanted in me a fatherly care either for the defence of the Kingdom or administration of Justice in the Commonwealth or in you the carriage of Souldiers for defence of your Native Country then truly silent would I be for ever and bear those calamities with a more dejected mind but as the case stands be it as it is I for my part am resolved to rush into the midst of the Enemy and to lose my life for my kingdom and Crown And you I am sure hold it a worthy death that is purchased for the Liberties of your selves and kinred and therein I pray you let us all die for I see both God and destiny against us and the name of the English Nation brought almost to the last period for we are overcome not by weapons and hostile warr but by Treason and domestick falshood our Navy betrayed into the Danes hands our battel weakned by the revolt of our Captains our designs betrayed to them by our own Counsellers and they also inforcing composition of dishonourable Peace I my self disesteemed and in scorn termed Ethelred the unready Your valour and loyalty betrayed by your own Leaders and all our poverty yearly augmented by the payment of their Danegelt which how to redress God only knoweth and we are to seek For if we pay money for peace and that confirmed by Oath these Enemies soon break it as a people that neither regard God nor man contrary to equity and the Laws of War and of Nations and so far off is all hope of better success as we have cause to fear the losse of our kingdom you the extinction of the English Nations revenue Therefore seeing our enemies are at hand and their hands at our throats let us by fore-sight and counsel save our own lives or else by courage sheath our swords in their bowels either of which I am willing to enter into to secure our Estate and Nation from an irrecoverable Ruine After which Speech he and his Army retreated and gave way to the prevailing Enemy Swain herepon setling all things according to his own will when as he knew that no man durst resist him

the men in them put to the sword In the mean time Swane dealt very deceitfully with Earle Beorne intreating him to go with him to Sandwich to make his peace with the King who considering his consanguinity went to him attended onely with three men Swane treacherously sending him to Bosenham where his ships rode at anchor carried him on ship-board bound him in chains and at last slew and cast him into a pit After which two of his ships being taken by those of Hastings and brought to the King at Sandwich and 4 more of his ships being dismissed he sailed with two ships onely into Ireland till Ailred Bish of Worcest reduced and reconciled him unto the King The same year in the moneth of Aug. the Irish pirats with 36 ships arriving in the mouth of Severn by the help of Griffin King of Southwales burnt and pillaged many villages and put the inhabitants to the sword against whom Ailred Bish of Worcest with few of the inhabitants of Worcester and Hereford speedily marched but the Welshmen amongst them who had promised fidelity to them sending presently to their K. Griffin intreating him with all possible speed to fall upon the English thereupon he and the Irish pirats assaulting the English unexpectedly early in the morning slew many of them and routed the rest King Edward in the year 1051. released the English From the heavy tribute or Danegeld which Florentius Wigorniensis and Simeon Dunelmensis thus expresse Rex Edvardus Absolvit Anglos A gravi vectigali 38. anno ex quo pater ejus Rex Athelredus Danicos solidarios solvi mandavit c. quod eis pater suus propter Danicos solidarios imposuerat as Brompton renders it in another place Roger de Hunedon Annalium pars 1. p. 441. Rodolphus de D●ceto Abbreviatione Chronicorum col 145. use the same words Ailredus Abbas Rievallis de vita miraculis Edwardi Confessoris Col. 383. thus relates it Insuper Tributum illud gravissimum quod tempore patris sui pr●mo classi Danicae pendebatur Postmodum vero fisco regio Annis singulis inferebatur regia liberalitate remisit et ab onere hoc importabilt in perpe●uum Angliam absolvit Vnde sancto huic regi non inconvenienter aptatur quod scriptum est Beatus vir qui inventus sine macula qui post aurum non abiit nec speravit in pecuniae thesauris Post aurum non abiit quod potius dispersit nec speravit in thesauris quos in Dei opere non tam minuit quam consumpsit Matthew Westminster records it in these words Anno gratiae 1051. Rex Edwardus A vectigali gravissimo Angl●s absolvit quod patre vivente Danicis stipendiariis Triginto octo millia librarum solvi consuevit Henry de Knighton De eventibus Angliae l. 1. c. 9. fol. 233. 1. and Higden in his Polychronicon lib. 6. c. 24. f. 254. thus relate it Rex Edvardus absolvit Anglos a Gravi Tributo quod patur ejus Ethelredus Danicis solidariis solvi fecerat jam per 40. annos duraverat which Fabian in his Cronicle part 8. c. 210. p. 282. Graston in his Cronicle p. 170. Speed in his History p. 410. Holinshead and others thus expresse This King Enward discharged English men of the great and most heavy Tribute called Danegeld which his Father Ethelred had made them pay to the Souldiers of Denmark and had then dured 40. years So that after that day it was no more gathered Abbot Iuguphus Historiae pag. 897. thus records it more at large Eodem etiam Anno 1051. cum terra non daret solitâ fertilitate fructus suos sed fames plurimos habitatores devoraret in tantum ut bladuum carentia panis inopia multa hominum millia morierentur miserecordiâ motus super populum pi●ssimus Rex Edwardus Tribufum gravis●mum quod Danigelo dicebafur omni Angliae in perpetuum relaxavit Ferunt quidam regem sanctissimum cum dictum DANIGELD cublcularii sui collectum in regis cameram infudissent ad videndum tanti Thesauri cumulum ipsum adduxissent ad primum aspectum exhorruisse protestantem Se daemonem super acervum pecuniae saltantem nimio gaudio exultantem prospexisse unde pristinis possessoribus jussit statim reddere de tam fera exactione ne jota unum voluit retinere quin in perpetuum remisit anno scilicet 38. ex quo tempore Regis Ethelredi patris sui Suanus Rex Danorum suo exercitui illud solvi singulis annis imperavit This History of the Devils dancing upon this Mony is thus more fully related by Roger de Honeden Annalinm pars prior pag. 447. Item de eodem Rege Edvardo quadam die contigit quod cum praedistus Rex Anglorum Edwardus Regninâ comite Haraldo deducentibus aerarium suum intravit ut pecuniam videret magnam quam Regina Comes Haraldus Rege ipso ●nesciente colligissent ad opus Regis scilicet per singulos comitatus totius Angliae de unaquaque hida terrae quatuor denarios ut Rex inde contra natale Domini pannos emeret ad opus militum servientium suorum cumque Rex intrasset aerarium suum comitantibus Regnia Comite Haraldo videt diabolum sedentem inter Denarios illos ait illi Rex quid hic facis cui daemon respondit custodio hic pecuniam meam dixit Rex conjuro te per Patrem Filium Spiritum sanctum ut indices mihi Quamobrem pecunia ista iua est respondens dixit ei daemon Quia injuste accquisita est de substantia pauperum Illi autem qui illum comitabantur stabant stupefacti audientes quidem illos loquentes neminem autem videntes praeter solum Regem ait illis Rex Reddite denarios istos illis a quibus capti sunt fecerunt sicut praecepit illis Rex which is likewise remembred by Capgrave Surius Ribadeniera and others in the life of King Edward the Confessor From all which relations compared together it is apparent First That Dangeld was a great most heavy and intolerable Tribute first imposed in King Ethelreds reign to pay the Danish Navy and Souldiers then invading England to keep them from plundering and spoiling the people 2. That King Swane the invading and usurping Dane after he had gotten the power of this Realm imposed it annualy on the English and made it any early Tribute to pay his Army 3. That the Danish succeding Kings continued and made it a kind of annual revenue to cloath and pay their Souldiers and Marriners for sundry years together 4. That it was yearly paid unto the Kings Exchequer and reduced to a certainty to wit four pence a year out of every Hide or plough land thorowout England or else twelve pence or two shilings a year as the laws of Edward the Confessor the black Book of the Exchequ●r and Sir Henry

Invasion injury violence disturbance and specially enact That not only all Clerks and Clergy men but all other persons shall enjoy the peace of God and the Church free from all assaults arrests and other disturbances whatsoever both on Lords-days Solemn Festivals and other times of publike Church meetings eundo subsistendo redeundo both in going to continuing at and returning from the Church and publike duties of Gods worship or to Synods and Chapters to which they are either summoned or where they have any business requiring their personal presence wherewith the Statute of 8 H. 6. c. 1. concurs as to the later clause Therefore all Quakers Anabaptists and others who disturb affront and revile assault or abuse our Ministers or their people as many now doe in going to or returning from the Church or whiles they continue in it as well before or after as during Divine Service Sermons or Sacraments there administred may and ought by the Common Law o● England confirmed both by Confessor and Conquerour in their Parliamentary Councils to be duly punished as Breakers of the Peace by all our Kings Justices and Ministers of publike Iustice being ratified by Magna Charta c. 1. and the Coronation Oaths of all our Kings which all our Judges and Justices are bound to observe To keep to God and holy Church to the Clergy and to the People Peace and Concord entirely according to their power especially during the publike worship of God in the Church and in going to tarrying at and returning from the duties which they owe unto him both as his Creatures and Servants And to grant keep and confirm the Laws Customs and Franchises granted by the glorious King Edward 3. That they prescribe the due payment of Tithes to God and his Ministers as well personal as praedial under Ecclesiastical and temporal penalties being granted and consented unto a Rege et Baronibus et Populo 4. That the Causes and pleas of the Church ought first to be heard ended in Courts and Councils before any other Iustitia enim est ut Deus ubique prae cateris honoretur 5. That they thus define Danegild Danegaldi redditio propter Piratas primitus Statuta est Patriam enim infestantes vastationi ejus pro posse suo insistebant Ad eorum quidem insolentiam reprimendam Statutum est Danegaldum annuatim reddi scilicet duodecim denarios de unaquaque Nida totius Patriae ad conducendos eos qui Piratarum eruptioni Resistendo obviarent To which Hoveden Knyghton Lambard and others subjoyn De hoc quoque Danegaldo omnis ecclesia libera est quieta omnis texra quae in proprio dominico Ecclesiae erat ubicunque jacebat nihil prorsus in tali redemptione persolvens quia magis in Ecclesiae confidebant orationibus quam in armorum defensionibus usque tempora Willielmi junioris qui Ruffus vocabatur donec eodem a Baronibus Angliae auxilium requirente ad Normanniam requirendam retinendam de Roberto suo fratre cognomine Cortehose Ierusalem proficiscente Concessum est ei nonLege sancitum neque confirmatum sed hac necessitatis causa ex unaquaque hida sibi dari quatuor solidos Ecclesia non excepta Dum vero collectio census fieret proclamabat Ecclesia suam reposcens libertatem sed nil profecit By which it is apparent 1. That this grievous Tax of Danegeld was first granted and appointed by a publike Law in a Parliamentary Council to hire men to resist the eruption of the Pyrates and Enemies That it amounted but to 12 d. a year upon every Ploughland That the Church and Demesne Lands of the Church where ever they lay were exempted from it till William Rufus his time who first exacted it from the Clergy upon a pretended necessity and raised it from 12 d. to 4 s. a Ploughland by grant of the Barons without any Law to enact or confirm it for fear of drawing it into consequence 6ly That these Laws thus describe the Duty and Office of a King The King because he is the Vicar of the highest King is constituted for this end that he may rule the earthly kingdom and the Lords people and above all things that he may reverence his holy Church and defend it from injuries pluck away evil doers from it and utterly to destroy and disperse them Which unless he shall doe the name of a King agreeth not unto him the Prophet Pope John witnessing Nomen Regis perdit qui quod Regis est non faciat he loseth the name of a King who dischargeth not the duty of a King Pepin and Charls his Son being not yet Kings but Princes under the French King hearing this definitive Sentence as well truly as prudently pronouneed concerning the name of a King by William the bastard King of England foolishly writ to Pope John demanding this question of him Whether the Kings of France ought so to continue being content only with the name of a King Who answered That it is convenient to call them Kings who do watch over defend and govern the Church of God and his people imitating King David the Psalmograph saying He shall not dwell in my House which worketh pride c. After which it followeth in Mr. Fox and some others but not in Hoveden and Knyghton Moreover the King by his right and by his Office ought to defend and conserve fully and wholly in all ampleness without diminution all the Lands Honours Dignities Rights and Liberties of the Crown of his Kingdom And further to reduce into their pristine state all such things as have been dispersed wasted and lost which appertain to his kingdom Also the whole and universal Land with all I lands about the same in Norwey and Denmark be appertaining to the Crown of his kingdom and be of the appurtenances and dignity of the King making one Monarchy and one Kingdom which sometimes was called the Kingdom of Britain and now the Kingdom of England such bounds and limits as is above said be appointed and limited to the name of this kingdom A King above all things ought to fear God to love and observe his commandements and cause them to be observed through his whole kingdom He ought also to keep cherish maintain and govern the holy Church within his kingdom with all integrity and Liberty according to the constitution of his ancestors and predecessors and to defend the same against all Enemies so that God above all things be honoured and ever before his eyes He ought also to set up Good Laws and Customs such as be wholesom and approved Such as be otherwise to repeal them and thrust them out of his kingdom Item he ought to doe Judgement and Justice in his kingdom by the counsel of his Realm All these things ought a King in his own person to do taking his Oath upon the Evangelist swearing in the presence of the whole State of the Realm