invade_v the_o liberty_n and_o property_n of_o other_o man_n because_o they_o will_v not_o be_v serve_v so_o themselves_o 5_o where_o liberty_n and_o property_n be_v destroy_v there_o must_v always_o be_v a_o state_n of_o force_n and_o war_n which_o however_o please_v it_o may_v be_v unto_o the_o invader_n it_o will_v be_v esteem_v intolerable_a by_o the_o invade_v who_o will_v no_o long_o remain_v subject_n in_o all_o humane_a probability_n then_o while_o they_o want_v as_o much_o power_n to_o free_v themselves_o as_o their_o adversary_n have_v to_o enslave_v they_o the_o trouble_n hazard_n ill-consequence_n and_o illegality_n of_o such_o attempt_n as_o they_o have_v decline_v by_o the_o most_o prudent_a in_o all_o age_n so_o have_v they_o prove_v most_o uneasy_a to_o the_o most_o savage_a of_o all_o nation_n who_o first_o or_o last_o have_v by_o a_o mighty_a torent_n free_v themselves_o to_o the_o due_a punishment_n and_o great_a infamy_n of_o their_o oppressor_n such_o be_v the_o advantage_n such_o the_o disadvantage_n which_o necessary_o do_v attend_v the_o fixation_n and_o removal_n of_o liberty_n and_o property_n we_o shall_v proceed_v to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la as_o recite_v by_o we_o import_v nothing_o less_o than_o their_o preservation_n no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v take_v or_o imprison_v or_o be_v disseize_v of_o his_o freehold_n or_o liberty_n or_o free_a custom_n or_o be_v outlawed_a or_o exile_v or_o any_o other_o way_n destroy_v nor_o we_o will_v not_o pass_v upon_o he_o nor_o condemn_v he_o but_o by_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n etc._n etc._n a_o freeman_n shall_v not_o be_v amerce_v for_o a_o small_a fault_n but_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o fault_n and_o for_o a_o great_a fault_n after_o the_o greatness_n thereof_o and_o none_o of_o the_o say_a amercement_n shall_v be_v assess_v but_o by_o the_o oath_n of_o good_a and_o lawful_a man_n of_o the_o vicinage_n first_o it_o assert_n englishman_n to_o be_v free_a that_o be_v liberty_n second_o that_o they_o have_v freehold_n that_o be_v property_n three_o that_o amercement_n or_o penalty_n shall_v be_v proportion_v to_o the_o fault_n commit_v which_o be_v equity_n four_o that_o they_o shall_v lose_v neither_o but_o when_o they_o be_v adjudge_v to_o have_v forfeit_v they_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o theirh_n onest_fw-we neighbour_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n which_o be_v lawful_a judgement_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o discern_v to_o what_o pass_v the_o enemy_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n will_v bring_v the_o people_n first_o they_o be_v now_o freeman_n but_o they_o will_v have_v they_o slave_n second_o they_o have_v now_o right_o unto_o their_o wife_n child_n and_o estate_n as_o their_o undoubted_a property_n but_o such_o will_v rob_v they_o of_o all_o three_o now_o no_o man_n be_v to_o be_v amerce_v or_o punish_v but_o suitable_o to_o his_o fault_n whilst_o they_o will_v make_v it_o suitable_a to_o their_o revengeful_a mind_n four_o whereas_o the_o power_n of_o judgement_n lie_v in_o the_o breast_n and_o conscience_n of_o twelve_o honest_a neighbour_n they_o will_v have_v it_o at_o the_o discretion_n of_o mercenary_a judge_n to_o which_o we_o can_v choose_v but_o add_v that_o such_o discourse_n manifest_o strike_v at_o this_o present_a constitution_n of_o government_n for_o it_o be_v found_v upon_o the_o great_a charter_n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n as_o upon_o its_o best_a foundation_n none_o can_v design_v the_o concel_n of_o the_o charter_n but_o they_o must_v necessary_o intend_v the_o extirpation_n of_o the_o english_a government_n for_o where_o the_o cause_n be_v take_v away_o the_o effect_n must_v consequent_o cease_v and_o as_o the_o restauration_n of_o our_o ancient_a english_a law_n by_o the_o great_a charter_n be_v the_o sovereign_a balsam_n which_o cure_v our_o former_a breach_n so_o doubtless_o will_v the_o continuation_n of_o it_o prove_v a_o excellent_a prevention_n to_o any_o future_a disturbance_n but_o some_o be_v ready_a to_o object_n that_o the_o great_a charter_n consist_v as_o well_o of_o religion_n as_o civil_a right_n the_o former_a have_v receive_v a_o alteration_n there_o be_v the_o same_o reason_n why_o the_o latter_a may_v have_v the_o like_a to_o which_o we_o answer_v that_o the_o reason_n of_o alteration_n can_v be_v the_o same_o therefore_o the_o consequence_n be_v false_a the_o one_o be_v matter_n of_o opinion_n about_o faith_n and_o religious_a worship_n which_o be_v as_o various_a as_o the_o unconstant_a apprehension_n of_o man_n but_o the_o other_o be_v matter_n of_o so_o immutable_a right_n and_o justice_n that_o all_o generation_n however_o differ_v in_o their_o religious_a opinion_n have_v concenter_v and_o agree_v to_o the_o certainty_n equity_n and_o indispensable_a necessity_n of_o preserve_v these_o fundamental_a law_n so_o that_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la have_v not_o rise_v and_o fall_v with_o the_o differ_v religious_a opinion_n that_o have_v be_v in_o this_o land_n but_o have_v ever_o remain_v as_o the_o stable_a right_n of_o every_o individual_a englishman_n pure_o as_o a_o englishman_n otherwise_o if_o the_o civil_a privilege_n of_o the_o people_n have_v fall_v with_o the_o pretend_a religious_a privilege_n of_o the_o popish_a tyranny_n at_o the_o first_o reformation_n as_o must_v needs_o be_v suggest_v by_o this_o objection_n our_o case_n have_v end_v here_o that_o we_o have_v obtain_v a_o spiritual_a freedom_n at_o the_o cost_n of_o a_o civil_a bondage_n which_o certain_o be_v far_o from_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o first_o reformer_n and_o probable_o a_o unseen_a consequence_n by_o the_o objector_n to_o their_o idle_a opinion_n in_o short_a there_o be_v no_o time_n in_o which_o any_o man_n may_v plead_v the_o necessity_n of_o such_o a_o action_n as_o be_v unjust_a in_o its_o own_o nature_n which_o he_o must_v unavoidable_o be_v guilty_a of_o that_o do_v deface_v or_o cancel_v that_o law_n by_o which_o the_o justice_n of_o liberty_n and_o property_n be_v confirm_v and_o maintain_v to_o the_o people_n and_o consequent_o no_o person_n may_v legal_o attempt_v the_o subversion_n or_o extenuation_n of_o the_o force_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n we_o shall_v proceed_v to_o prove_v from_o instance_n out_o of_o both_o one_a any_o judgement_n give_v contrary_a to_o the_o say_a charter_n be_v to_o be_v undo_v and_o hold_v for_o nought_o 25_o edw._n 1._o chap._n 2._o 2d_o any_o that_o by_o word_n deed_n or_o counsel_n go_v contrary_a to_o the_o say_a charter_n be_v to_o be_v excommunicate_v by_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o arch-bishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o york_n be_v bind_v to_o compel_v the_o other_o bishop_n to_o denounce_v sentence_n according_o in_o case_n of_o their_o remissness_n or_o neglect_v which_o certain_o have_v relation_n to_o the_o state_n rather_o than_o the_o church_n since_o there_o be_v never_o any_o necessity_n of_o compel_v the_o bishop_n to_o denounce_v sentence_n in_o their_o own_o case_n though_o frequent_o in_o the_o people_n 25_o edw._n 1._o chap._n 4._o 3d_o that_o the_o great_a charter_n and_o charter_n of_o forrest_n be_v hold_v and_o keep_v in_o all_o point_n and_o if_o any_o statute_n be_v make_v to_o the_o contrary_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v hold_v for_o nought_o 42_o edw._n 3._o 1._o upon_o which_o cook_n that_o famous_a english_a lawyer_n say_v that_o albeit_o judgement_n in_o the_o king_n court_v be_v of_o high_a regard_n in_o law_n and_o judicia_fw-la be_v account_v as_o juris_fw-la dicta_fw-la yet_o it_o be_v provide_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n that_o if_o any_o judgement_n be_v give_v contrary_a to_o any_o of_o the_o point_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n it_o shall_v be_v hold_v for_o nought_o he_o further_o say_v that_o upon_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 25_o edw._n 1._o chapter_n 1._o that_o this_o great_a charter_n and_o the_o charter_n of_o forrest_n be_v proper_o the_o common_a law_n of_o this_o land_n or_o the_o law_n be_v common_a to_o all_o the_o people_n thereof_o 4_o another_o statute_n run_v thus_o if_o any_o force_n come_v to_o disturb_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o common_a law_n you_o shall_v cause_v their_o body_n to_o be_v arrest_v and_o put_v in_o prison_n you_o shall_v deny_v no_o man_n right_a by_o the_o king_n letter_n nor_o counsel_v the_o king_n any_o thing_n that_o may_v turn_v to_o his_o damage_n or_o disherison_n 18_o edw._n 3._o chap._n 7._o neither_o to_o delay_v right_a by_o the_o great_a and_o little_a seal_n this_o be_v the_o judge_n charge_v and_o oath_n 2_o edw._n 3._o chap._n 8._o 14_o edw._n 3._o 14._o 11_o r._n 2._o chap._n 10._o 5_o such_o care_n have_v be_v take_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o this_o great_a charer_n that_o in_o the_o 25_o of_o edw._n 1._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o commissioner_n shall_v issue_v forth_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v choose_v in_o every_o shire-court_n
reformation_n then_o the_o arbitrary_a power_n and_o terrify_a rak_n of_o the_o spanish_a inquisition_n and_o doubtless_o the_o supreme_a governor_n of_o the_o land_n be_v high_o oblige_v in_o honour_n and_o conscience_n in_o discharge_n of_o their_o trust_n to_o god_n and_o the_o people_n to_o take_v these_o thing_n into_o their_o serious_a consideration_n as_o what_o be_v expect_v from_o they_o by_o those_o who_o earnest_o wish_v they_o and_o the_o kingdom_n safety_n and_o prosperity_n a_o postscript_n the_o copy_n of_o judge_n keeling_n case_n take_v out_o of_o the_o parliament_n journal_n die_fw-la mercurij_fw-la 11_o decembris_fw-la 1667._o the_o house_n resume_v the_o hear_v of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o report_n touch_v the_o matter_n of_o restraint_n upon_o jury_n and_o that_o upon_o the_o examination_n of_o divers_a witness_n in_o several_a clause_n of_o restraint_n put_v upon_o juries_n by_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n keeling_n whereupon_o the_o committee_n make_v their_o resolution_n which_o be_v as_o follow_v first_o that_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n in_o the_o case_n now_o report_v be_v innovation_n in_o the_o trial_n of_o man_n for_o their_o life_n and_o liberty_n and_o that_o he_o have_v use_v a_o arbitrary_a and_o illegal_a power_n which_o be_v of_o dangerous_a consequence_n to_o the_o life_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n of_o england_n and_o tend_v to_o the_o introduce_v of_o a_o arbitrary_a government_n second_o that_o in_o the_o place_n of_o judicature_n the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n have_v undervalved_n vilify_v and_o contemn_v magna_fw-la charta_fw-la the_o great_a preserver_n of_o our_o life_n freedom_n and_o propertie_n three_o that_o he_o be_v bring_v to_o trial_n in_o order_n to_o condign_a punishment_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o the_o house_n shall_v judge_v most_o fit_a and_o requisite_a die_v veneris_n 13_o decembris_fw-la 1667._o resolve_v etc._n etc._n that_o the_o precedent_n and_o practice_n of_o fine_v or_o imprison_v juror_n for_o verdict_n be_v illegal_a now_o whether_o the_o justice_n of_o this_o court_n in_o their_o proceed_n both_o towards_o the_o prisoner_n and_o jury_n have_v act_v according_a to_o law_n to_o their_o oath_n and_o duty_n and_o to_o do_v justice_n without_o partiality_n whereby_o right_o may_v be_v preserve_v the_o peace_n of_o the_o land_n secure_v and_o our_o ancient_a law_n establish_v or_o whether_o such_o action_n tend_v not_o to_o deprive_v we_o of_o our_o life_n and_o liberty_n to_o rob_v we_o of_o our_o birthright_n the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o england_n and_o final_o to_o bring_v in_o a_o arbitrary_a and_o illegal_a power_n to_o usurp_v the_o bench_n of_o all_o our_o court_n of_o justice_n we_o leave_v the_o english_a reader_n to_o judge_v certain_o there_o can_v be_v no_o high_o affront_v offer_v to_o king_n and_o parliament_n than_o the_o bring_v their_o reputation_n into_o suspicion_n with_o their_o people_n by_o the_o irregular_a action_n of_o subordinate_a judge_n and_o no_o age_n can_v parallel_v the_o carriage_n of_o this_o recorder_n mayor_n etc._n etc._n nor_o can_v we_o think_v so_o ignoble_o of_o the_o parliament_n as_o that_o they_o shall_v do_v less_o than_o call_v these_o person_n to_o account_n who_o fail_v not_o to_o do_v it_o to_o one_o less_o guilty_a and_o of_o more_o repute_n to_o wit_n judge_n keeling_n for_o if_o his_o behaviour_n give_v just_a ground_n of_o jealousy_n that_o he_o intend_v a_o innovation_n and_o the_o introduce_v a_o arbitrary_a government_n this_o recorder_n much_o more_o do_v chief_a justice_n keeling_n say_v magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v magna_fw-la farta_fw-la so_o do_v this_o recorder_n too_o and_o do_v justice_n keeling_n fine_a and_o imprison_v jury_n contrary_a to_o all_o law_n so_o do_v this_o recorder_n also_o in_o short_a there_o be_v no_o difference_n unless_o it_o be_v that_o the_o one_o be_v question_v and_o the_o other_o deserve_v it_o but_o we_o desire_v in_o this_o they_o may_v be_v say_v to_o differ_v that_o though_o the_o former_a escape_v punishment_n the_o latter_a may_v not_o who_o have_v a_o president_n before_o do_v notwithstanding_o notorious_o transgress_v to_o conclude_v the_o law_n suppose_v the_o king_n can_v err_v because_o it_o be_v willing_a to_o suppose_v he_o always_o act_n by_o law_n and_o volunt_fw-la as_o legis_fw-la est_fw-la voluntas_fw-la regis_fw-la or_o the_o king_n will_v be_v regulate_v by_o the_o law_n but_o it_o say_v no_o such_o thing_n of_o his_o judge_n and_o since_o they_o be_v oblige_v by_o oath_n to_o disregard_n the_o king_n letter_n though_o under_o the_o broad_a and_o privy-seal_n if_o they_o any_o wise_a oppugn_v or_o contradict_v the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o consider_v that_o every_o singular_a action_n of_o a_o inferior_a minister_n have_v a_o ugly_a reference_n to_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n where_o not_o rebuke_v we_o can_v but_o conclude_v that_o both_o judge_n be_v answerable_a for_o their_o irregularity_n especial_o where_o they_o have_v not_o a_o limitation_n of_o a_o king_n letter_n or_o command_v and_o that_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n be_v oblige_v as_o in_o honour_n and_o safety_n to_o himself_o alfred-like_a to_o bring_v such_o to_o condign_a punishment_n lest_o every_o session_n produce_v the_o like_a tragical_a scene_n of_o usurpation_n over_o the_o conscience_n of_o juty_n to_o the_o villify_n and_o contemn_v of_o justice_n and_o great_a detriment_n and_o prejudice_n of_o the_o good_a and_o honest_a man_n of_o this_o famous_a and_o free_a city_n fiat_n justicia_fw-la finis_fw-la errata_fw-la page_n 5._o after_o line_n 20._o read_v john_n robinson_n alderman_n and_o richard_n brown_n the_o line_n follow_v r._n call_v over_o the_o jury_n p._n 6._o before_o the_o first_o l._n r._n the_o indictment_n p._n 7._o l._n 25._o for_o before_o r._n to_o p._n 10._o l._n 26._o blot_n out_o to_z p._n 17._o l._n 4._o r._n be_v not_o p._n 19_o l._n 7._o instead_o of_o be_v he_o guilty_a r._n be_v w._n p._n guilty_a p._n 26._o l._n 11._o r._n to_o the_o terror_n p._n 27._o l._n 6._o for_o as_o r._n and_o p._n 32._o l._n 13._o for_o nern_n r._n horn_n p._n 44._o l._n 11._o for_o for_o ver_fw-la dictis_fw-la from_fw-la r._n for_o verdict_n from_o p._n 47._o l._n 31._o for_o palaris_fw-la r._n phalaris_n obser_n at_o this_o time_n several_a upon_o the_o bench_n urge_v hard_o upon_o the_o prisoner_n to_o bear_v he_o down_o 9_o h._n 3._o confirm_v 28_o ed._n 3._o chap._n 1._o the_o form_n of_o ancient_a act_n etc._n etc._n co._n 2._o inst_n fol._n 2._o chap._n 14_o cha._n 29._o ☜_o ☞_o
william_n mead_n and_o other_o person_n there_o in_o the_o street_n aforesaid_a be_v assemble_v and_o congregat_v together_o by_o reason_n whereof_o a_o great_a concourse_n and_o tumult_n of_o people_n in_o the_o street_n aforesaid_a then_o and_o there_o along_o time_n do_v remain_v and_o continue_v in_o contempt_n of_o the_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o of_o his_o law_n to_o the_o great_a disturbance_n of_o his_o peace_n to_o the_o great_a terror_n and_o disturbance_n of_o many_o of_o his_o liege_n people_n and_o subject_n to_o the_o ill_a example_n of_o all_o other_o in_o the_o like_a case_n offender_n and_o against_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n his_o crown_n and_o dignity_n what_o say_v you_o william_n penn_n and_o william_n mead_n be_v you_o guilty_a as_o you_o stand_v indict_v in_o manner_n and_o form_n as_o aforesaid_a or_o not_o guilty_a penn_n it_o be_v impossible_a that_o we_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o remember_v the_o indictment_n verbatim_o and_o therefore_o we_o desire_v a_o copy_n of_o it_o as_o be_v customary_a in_o the_o like_a occasion_n rec._n you_o must_v first_o plead_v to_o the_o indictment_n before_o you_o can_v have_v a_o copy_n of_o it_o pen._n jam_fw-la unacquainted_a with_o the_o formality_n of_o the_o law_n and_o therefore_o before_o i_o shall_v answer_v direct_o i_o request_v two_o thing_n of_o the_o court._n first_o that_o no_o advantage_n may_v be_v take_v against_o i_o nor_o i_o deprive_v of_o any_o benefit_n which_o i_o may_v otherwise_o have_v receive_v second_o that_o you_o will_v promise_v man_n a_o fair_a hear_n and_o liberty_n of_o make_v my_o defence_n court_n no_o advantage_n shall_v be_v take_v against_o you_o you_o shall_v have_v liberty_n you_o shall_v be_v hear_v pen._n then_o i_o plead_v not_o guilty_a in_o manner_n and_o form_n cla._n what_o say_v thou_o william_n mead_n be_v thou_o guilty_a in_o manner_n and_o form_n as_o thou_o stand_v indict_v or_o not_o guilty_a mead_n i_o shall_v desire_v the_o same_o liberty_n as_o be_v promise_v william_n penn._n court_n you_o shall_v have_v it_o mead_n then_o i_o plead_v not_o guity_n in_o manner_n and_o form_n the_o court_n adjourn_v until_o the_o afternoon_n cryer_n o_o yes_o etc._n etc._n cla._n bring_v william_n penn_n and_o william_n mead_n to_o the_o bar._n obser_n the_o say_v prisoner_n be_v bring_v but_o be_v set_v aside_o and_o other_o business_n prosecute_v where_o we_o can_v choose_v but_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v the_o constant_a and_o unkind_a practice_n of_o the_o court_n to_o the_o prisoner_n to_o make_v they_o wait_v upon_o the_o trial_n of_o felon_n and_o murderer_n thereby_o design_v in_o all_o probability_n both_o to_o affront_v and_o tire_v they_o after_o five_o hour_n attendance_n the_o court_n break_v up_o and_o adjourn_v to_o the_o three_o instant_n the_o three_o of_o september_n 1670._o the_o court_n sit_v cry_v o_o yes_o etc._n etc._n cla._n bring_v william_n penn_n and_o william_n mead_n before_o the_o 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act_v in_o contempt_n of_o his_o law_n as_o only_o meet_v to_o honour_n god_n and_o his_o law_n §_o 2._o and_n to_o the_o great_a disturbance_n of_o the_o king_n peace_n it_o be_v far_o from_o disturb_v and_o break_v the_o king_n peace_n for_o man_n peaceable_o to_o meet_v to_o worship_n god_n for_o it_o be_v then_o proper_o break_v and_o invade_v when_o force_n and_o violence_n be_v use_v to_o the_o hurt_n and_o prejudice_n of_o person_n and_o estate_n or_o when_o any_o thing_n be_v do_v that_o tend_v to_o the_o stir_v up_o of_o sedition_n and_o beget_v in_o people_n a_o dislike_n of_o the_o civil_a government_n but_o that_o such_o thing_n be_v not_o practise_v by_o we_o in_o our_o assembly_n either_o to_o offer_v violence_n to_o man_n person_n and_o estate_n or_o to_o stir_v up_o people_n to_o sedition_n or_o dislike_v to_o the_o civil_a government_n be_v obvious_a to_o all_o that_o visit_v our_o assembly_n §_o 3._o to_o the_o great_a terror_n and_o disturbance_n of_o the_o king_n 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to_o save_v they_o nolens_fw-la volens_fw-la §_o 5._o have_v their_o cruelty_n and_o juggle_v end_v here_o itself_o they_o will_v have_v spare_v we_o the_o pain_n of_o any_o further_a observation_n but_o that_o which_o we_o have_v to_o add_v on_o the_o prisoner_n behalf_n render_v their_o action_n so_o abominable_a in_o the_o sight_n of_o justice_n that_o all_o honest_a and_o ingenious_a heart_n must_v needs_o abhor_v their_o base_a snare_n they_o tell_v the_o jury_n that_o be_v but_o judge_n of_o fact_n only_o they_o be_v to_o bring_v the_o prisoner_n in_o guilty_a that_o be_v of_o the_o fact_n at_o their_o peril_n and_o it_o be_v the_o part_n of_o the_o bench_n to_o judge_v what_o be_v law_n so_o that_o if_o the_o jury_n have_v bring_v they_o in_o guilty_a without_o any_o further_a additional_a explanation_n though_o intentional_o they_o mean_v only_o of_o the_o fact_n prove_v by_o evidence_n yet_o the_o bench_n will_v have_v extend_v it_o to_o every_o part_n of_o the_o indictment_n 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shall_v perform_v his_o part_n in_o show_v what_o be_v that_o common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n which_o in_o general_a he_o say_v they_o be_v indict_v for_o the_o breach_n of_o and_o which_o indeed_o if_o right_o understand_v be_v the_o undoubted_a birthright_n of_o every_o englishman_n yea_o the_o inheritance_n of_o inheritance_n major_a haeridit_fw-la as_o venit_fw-la unicuique_fw-la nostrum_fw-la a_o jure_fw-la et_fw-la legibus_fw-la quam_fw-la a_o parentibus_fw-la cook_n instit_n 2._o 56._o §_o 6._o all_o the_o various_a kind_n or_o model_n of_o government_n that_o be_v in_o the_o world_n stand_v either_o upon_o will_n and_o power_n or_o condition_n and_o contract_n the_o first_o rule_n by_o man_n the_o second_o by_o law_n it_o be_v our_o happiness_n to_o be_v bear_v under_o such_o a_o constitution_n as_o be_v most_o abhorrent_n in_o itself_o of_o all_o arbitrary_a government_n and_o which_o be_v and_o ever_o have_v be_v most_o choice_a and_o careful_a of_o her_o law_n by_o which_o 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victual_n clothes_n and_o place_n of_o trade_n etc._n etc._n which_o have_v ever_o stand_v whilst_o the_o reason_n of_o they_o be_v in_o force_n but_o when_o that_o benefit_n which_o once_o redound_v sell_v by_o cross_a occurrence_n they_o end_v according_a to_o that_o old_a maxim_n cessante_fw-la ratione_fw-la legis_fw-la cessat_fw-la lex_fw-la but_o this_o can_v be_v say_v of_o fundamental_a law_n till_o house_n stand_v without_o their_o foundation_n and_o english_a mankind_n whole_o cease_v to_o be_v which_o bring_v close_o upon_o the_o point_n §_o 9_o there_o be_v not_o any_o country_n that_o have_v more_o constant_o express_v her_o care_n and_o deep_a solicitude_n to_o the_o preservation_n of_o her_o fundamental_a law_n than_o the_o english_a nation_n and_o though_o the_o evil_n of_o some_o particular_a time_n and_o person_n have_v endeavour_v a_o utter_a abolition_n of_o those_o
excellent_a fundamental_o which_o we_o have_v before_o define_v and_o defend_v from_o any_o just_a reason_n of_o revolution_n yet_o god_n almighty_a who_o be_v always_o concern_v to_o avenge_v the_o cause_n of_o justice_n and_o those_o excellent_a good_a law_n by_o which_o it_o be_v uphold_v have_v by_o his_o providence_n befool_v their_o contrivance_n &_o basfle_v their_o attempt_n by_o bring_v their_o design_n to_o naught_o and_o their_o person_n frequent_o to_o condign_a punishment_n and_o disgrace_n their_o age_n no_o antiquary_n live_a can_v assure_v we_o unless_o they_o say_v as_o old_a as_o reason_n itself_o but_o our_o own_o author_n be_v not_o lack_v to_o inform_v we_o that_o the_o liberty_n property_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n be_v very_o ancient_a §_o 10._o for_o hern_n in_o his_o mirror_n of_o justice_n write_v in_o edward_n the_o first_o be_v time_n fol._n 1._o tell_v we_o that_o after_o god_n have_v abate_v the_o nobility_n of_o the_o britan_n he_o 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be_v turn_v into_o a_o heritage_n king_n alfred_n that_o govern_v this_o kingdom_n about_o a_o hundred_o seventy_o one_o year_n before_o the_o conquest_n do_v cause_v the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o assemble_v at_o london_n and_o there_o do_v ordain_v for_o a_o perpetual_a usage_n that_o twice_o in_o the_o year_n or_o often_o if_o need_n shall_v be_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n they_o shall_v assemble_v at_o london_n in_o parliament_n for_o the_o government_n of_o god_n people_n that_o man_n may_v live_v in_o quiet_a and_o receive_v right_a by_o certain_a usage_n and_o holy_a judgement_n in_o which_o parliament_n say_v our_o author_n the_o right_n and_o prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n and_o of_o the_o subject_n be_v distinguish_v and_o set_v apart_o and_o particular_o by_o he_o express_v too_o tedious_a here_o to_o insert_v among_o which_o ordiance_n we_o find_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v imprison_v but_o for_o a_o capital_a offence_n and_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v detain_v another_o in_o prison_n by_o colour_n of_o right_n where_o there_o be_v none_o till_o the_o party_n imprison_v die_v he_o that_o keep_v he_o in_o prison_n shall_v be_v hold_v guilty_a of_o murder_n as_o you_o may_v read_v pag._n 33._o and_o pag._n 36._o he_o be_v declare_v guilty_a of_o homicide_n by_o who_o a_o man_n shall_v die_v in_o prison_n whether_o it_o be_v the_o judge_n that_o shall_v too_o long_a delay_n to_o do_v a_o man_n right_a or_o by_o cruelty_n of_o gaoler_n or_o suffer_v he_o to_o die_v of_o famine_n or_o when_o a_o man_n be_v adjudge_v to_o do_v penance_n and_o shall_v be_v surcharge_v by_o his_o gaoler_n with_o iron_n or_o other_o pain_n whereof_o he_o be_v deprive_v of_o his_o life_n and_o p._n 149._o that_o by_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o england_n it_o be_v felony_n to_o detain_v a_o man_n in_o prison_n after_o sufficient_a bale_n offer_v where_o the_o party_n be_v plevisable_v every_o person_n be_v plevisable_v but_o he_o that_o be_v appeal_v of_o treason_n murder_n robbery_n or_o burglary_n pag._n 35._o none_o ought_v to_o be_v put_v in_o common_a prison_n but_o only_o such_o as_o be_v attaint_v or_o principal_o appeal_v or_o indict_v of_o some_o capital_a offence_n or_o attaint_v of_o false_a or_o wrongful_a imprisonment_n so_o tender_v have_v the_o ancient_a law_n and_o constitution_n of_o this_o realm_n be_v of_o the_o liberty_n of_o their_o subject_n person_n that_o no_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v imprison_v but_o for_o a_o capital_a offence_n as_o treason_n murder_n robbery_n or_o burglary_n §_o 11._o nor_o be_v lambard_n short_a in_o his_o excellent_a translation_n of_o the_o saxon_a law_n from_o king_n ina_n time_n 712._o to_o hen._n 3._o 1100._o in_o describe_v to_o we_o the_o great_a obligation_n and_o strong_a condition_n the_o people_n be_v wont_a to_o put_v upon_o their_o king_n to_o observe_v the_o ancient_a fundamental_a law_n and_o free_a custom_n of_o this_o land_n which_o be_v hand_v down_o from_o one_o age_n to_o another_o and_o in_o the_o 17_o chap._n of_o edw._n the_o confessor_n law_n the_o mention_n there_o make_v of_o a_o king_n duty_n be_v very_o remarkable_a that_o if_o he_o break_v his_o oath_n or_o perform_v not_o his_o obligation_n nec_fw-la nomen_fw-la regis_fw-la in_o eo_fw-la constabit_fw-la the_o same_o lambard_n further_a tell_v we_o that_o however_o any_o may_v affirm_v william_n of_o normandy_n to_o be_v a_o conqueror_n he_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o people_n as_o edward_n successor_n and_o by_o solemn_a oath_n take_v to_o maintain_v unto_o they_o the_o same_o law_n that_o his_o kinsman_n edward_n the_o confessor_n do_v this_o doctrine_n remain_v in_o the_o general_n unquestioned_a to_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n who_o imperious_o think_v that_o voluntas_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o not_o salvus_fw-la populi_n be_v suprema_fw-la lex_fw-la or_o the_o king_n will_n be_v the_o supreme_a law_n and_o not_o the_o people_n preservation_n till_o the_o incense_a baron_n of_o that_o time_n betake_v themselves_o to_o a_o vigorous_a defence_n of_o their_o ancient_a right_n and_o liberty_n and_o learn_v he_o to_o keep_v those_o law_n by_o a_o due_a restraint_n and_o timely_a compulsion_n which_o his_o former_a invasion_n of_o they_o evidence_v to_o the_o world_n he_o will_v never_o have_v do_v willing_o §_o 12._o the_o proposal_n and_o article_n of_o agreement_n with_o the_o pledge_n give_v to_o the_o baron_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o people_n by_o the_o king_n be_v confirm_v in_o hen._n the_o 3d_n time_n his_o son_n and_o successor_n when_o the_o abuse_a slight_v and_o disregard_v law_n by_o his_o father_n be_v think_v fit_a to_o be_v reduce_v to_o record_v that_o the_o people_n of_o england_n may_v not_o forever_o after_o be_v to_o seek_v for_o a_o write_v record_v law_n to_o their_o defence_n and_o security_n for_o miserable_fw-la servitus_fw-la est_fw-la ubi_fw-la jus_o est_fw-la vagum_fw-la aut_fw-la incognitum_fw-la and_o so_o we_o enter_v upon_o that_o grand_a carter_n of_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n in_o the_o cause_n reason_n and_o end_v of_o it_o §_o 1._o we_o shall_v first_o rehearse_v it_o so_o far_o as_o we_o be_v concern_v with_o the_o formality_n of_o grant_n and_o curse_n and_o shall_v then_o say_v something_o as_o to_o the_o cause_n reason_n and_o end_v of_o it_o a_o rehearsal_n of_o the_o material_a part_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o england_n henry_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n to_o all_o arch-bishop_n or_o earl_n baron_n sheriff_n provost_n officer_n and_o to_o all_o bailiff_n and_o our_o faithful_a subject_n who_o shall_v see_v this_o present_a charter_n greeting_n know_v you_o that_o we_o 3._o unto_o the_o honour_n of_o almighty_a god_n and_o for_o the_o salvation_n of_o the_o soul_n of_o our_o progenitor_n and_o our_o successor_n king_n of_o england_n to_o the_o advancement_n of_o holy_a church_n and_o amendment_n of_o our_o realm_n of_o our_o mere_a and_o free_a will_v have_v give_v and_o grant_v to_o all_o arch-bishop_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o all_o freeman_n of_o this_o our_o realm_n these_o liberty_n under-written_a to_o be_v hold_v and_o keep_v in_o this_o our_o realm_n of_o england_n for_o evermore_o 14_o we_o have_v grant_v and_o give_v to_o all_o freeman_n of_o our_o realm_n for_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n for_o evermore_o these_o liberty_n under-written_a to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v to_o they_o and_o to_o their_o heir_n of_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n forenamed_a a_o freeman_n shall_v not_o be_v amerce_v for_o a_o small_a fault_n but_o after_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o fault_n and_o for_o a_o great_a fault_n after_o the_o manner_n thereof_o save_v to_o he_o his_o contenement_n or_o freehold_n and_o a_o merchant_n likewise_o shall_v be_v amerce_v save_v to_o he_o his_o merchandise_n and_o none_o of_o the_o say_a amercement_n shall_v be_v
which_o can_v be_v without_o a_o jury_n therefore_o per_fw-la judicium_fw-la parum_fw-la &_o per_fw-la legem_fw-la terrae_fw-la signify_v the_o same_o privilege_n unto_o the_o people_n cook_n inst_n 2._o pag._n 50._o thus_o have_v we_o present_v you_o with_o some_o of_o those_o maxim_n of_o law_n dear_a to_o our_o ancestor_n than_o life_n because_o they_o be_v the_o defence_n of_o the_o life_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n of_o england_n it_o be_v from_o this_o 29_o chap._n of_o the_o great_a charter_n great_a not_o sor_n its_o bulk_n but_o the_o privilege_n in_o it_o as_o from_o a_o spacious_a root_n that_o so_o many_o fruitful_a branch_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n spring_v if_o cook_n may_v be_v credit_v but_o how_o sacred_a soever_o they_o have_v be_v esteem_v and_o still_o be_v by_o noble_a and_o just_a mind_n yet_o so_o degenerate_a be_v some_o in_o their_o proceed_n that_o conscious_a to_o themselves_o of_o their_o baseness_n they_o will_v not_o dare_v stand_v the_o touch_n of_o this_o great_a charter_n and_o those_o just_a law_n ground_v upon_o it_o of_o which_o number_n we_o may_v true_o rank_v the_o mayor_n and_o recorder_n of_o london_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o wise_a companion_n in_o their_o late_a sestion_n at_o the_o old_a bailie_n upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o prisoner_n first_o the_o prisoner_n be_v take_v and_o imprison_v without_o presentment_n of_o good_a and_o lawful_a man_n of_o the_o vicinage_n or_o the_o neighbourhood_n but_o after_o a_o military_a and_o tumultuous_a manner_n contrary_a to_o the_o grand_a charter_n 2d_o they_o refuse_v to_o produce_v the_o law_n upon_o which_o they_o proceed_v leave_v thereby_o the_o prisoner_n jury_n and_o whole_a assembly_n in_o the_o dark_a 3d_o they_o refuse_v the_o prisoner_n to_o plead_v and_o direct_o withstand_v that_o great_a privilege_n mention_v in_o the_o first_o chap._n 25_o edw._n 1._o where_o all_o justice_n mayor_n sheriff_n and_o other_o minister_n that_o have_v the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n to_o guide_v they_o be_v require_v to_o allow_v the_o say_a charter_n to_o be_v plead_v in_o all_o its_o point_n and_o in_o all_o cause_n that_o shall_v come_v before_o they_o in_o judgement_n for_o no_o soon_o do_v william_n penn_n or_o his_o fellow_n prisoner_n urge_v upon_o they_o the_o great_a charter_n and_o other_o good_a law_n but_o the_o recorder_n cry_v take_v he_o away_o take_v he_o away_o put_v he_o into_o the_o baledock_n or_o hole_n from_o which_o the_o recorder_n can_v never_o deliver_v himself_o unless_o it_o be_v by_o avow_v the_o law_n be_v not_o his_o guide_n and_o therefore_o do_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o be_v plead_v before_o he_o in_o judgement_n 4_o they_o give_v the_o jury_n their_o charge_n in_o the_o prisoner_n absence_n endeavour_v high_o to_o incense_n the_o jury_n against_o they_o 5_o the_o verdict_n be_v give_v which_o be_v in_o law_n dictum_fw-la veritatis_fw-la the_o voice_n of_o truth_n herself_o because_o not_o suitable_a to_o their_o humour_n they_o do_v five_o time_n reject_v it_o with_o many_o abusive_a imperious_a and_o menace_a expression_n to_o the_o jury_n such_o as_o no_o precedent_n can_v afford_v we_o as_o if_o they_o be_v not_o the_o only_o constitute_v judge_n by_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o land_n but_o mere_a cipher_n only_o to_o signify_v something_o behind_o their_o figure_n 6_o though_o the_o prisoner_n be_v clear_v by_o their_o jury_n yet_o be_v they_o continue_v for_o the_o nonpayment_n of_o their_o fine_n lay_v upon_o they_o for_o not_o pull_v off_o their_o hat_n in_o which_o the_o law_n be_v notorious_o break_v one_a in_o that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v amerce_v but_o according_a to_o the_o offence_n and_o they_o have_v fine_v each_o forty_o mark_n 2d_o they_o be_v not_o merce_v by_o any_o jury_n but_o at_o the_o will_n of_o a_o incense_a bench._n beside_o there_o be_v no_o law_n against_o the_o hat_n and_o where_o there_o be_v no_o law_n there_o can_v be_v no_o transgression_n and_o consequent_o no_o legal_a amercement_n or_o fine_a 9_o h._n 3._o chap._n 14._o but_o how_o the_o prisoner_n be_v trapan_v into_o it_o be_v most_o ridiculous_a on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o contriver_n that_o find_v their_o hat_n off_o will_v have_v they_o put_v on_o again_o by_o their_o officer_n to_o fool_v the_o prisoner_n with_o a_o trial_n of_o put_v they_o off_o again_o which_o childish_a conceit_n not_o be_v gratify_v they_o fine_v they_o the_o forty_o mark_n a_o piece_n 7_o instead_o of_o accept_v their_o verdict_n as_o good_a in_o law_n and_o for_o the_o true_a decission_n of_o the_o matter_n according_a to_o the_o great_a charter_n that_o constitute_v they_o proper_a judge_n and_o which_o bear_v they_o out_o with_o many_o other_o good_a law_n in_o what_o they_o agree_v to_o as_o a_o verdict_n the_o court_n do_v most_o illegal_o and_o tyrannical_o fine_a and_o imprison_v they_o as_o in_o the_o trial_n be_v express_v and_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o late_a just_a resentment_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o in_o judge_n keeling_n case_n where_o they_o resolve_v that_o the_o precedent_n and_o practice_n of_o fine_v and_o imprison_v of_o jury_n for_o their_o verdict_n be_v illegal_a and_o here_o we_o must_v needs_o observe_v two_o thing_n one_a that_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o england_n can_v be_v more_o slight_v and_o contradict_v in_o any_o thing_n next_o englishman_n be_v quite_o destroy_v then_o in_o not_o suffer_v they_o to_o have_v that_o equal_a medium_n or_o just_a way_n of_o trial_n that_o the_o same_o law_n have_v provide_v which_o be_v by_o a_o jury_n 2d_o that_o the_o late_a proceed_n of_o the_o court_n at_o the_o old_a bailie_n be_v a_o evident_a demonstration_n that_o jury_n be_v now_o but_o mere_a formality_n and_o that_o the_o partial_a charge_n of_o the_o bench_n must_v be_v the_o verdict_n of_o the_o jury_n for_o if_o ever_o a_o rape_n be_v attempt_v on_o the_o conscience_n of_o any_o jury_n it_o be_v there_o and_o indeed_o the_o ignorance_n of_o juror_n of_o their_o authority_n by_o law_n be_v the_o only_a reason_n of_o their_o unhappy_a cringe_v to_o the_o court_n and_o be_v scare_v into_o a_o anti-conscience_n verdict_n by_o their_o lawless_a threat_n but_o we_o have_v live_v to_o a_o age_n so_o deboist_a from_o all_o humanity_n and_o reason_n as_o well_o as_o faith_n and_o religion_n that_o some_o stick_v not_o to_o turn_v butcher_n to_o their_o own_o privilege_n and_o conspirator_n against_o their_o own_o liberty_n for_o however_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la have_v once_o the_o reputation_n of_o a_o sacred_a unalterable_a law_n and_o few_o harden_a enough_o to_o incur_v and_o bear_v the_o long_a curse_n that_o attend_v the_o violator_n of_o it_o yet_o it_o be_v frequent_o object_v now_o that_o the_o benefit_n there_o design_v be_v but_o temporary_a and_o therefore_o liable_a to_o alteration_n as_o other_o statute_n be_v what_o game_n such_o person_n play_v at_o may_v be_v lively_o read_v in_o the_o attempt_n of_o dyonisius_n palaris_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o will_v have_v will_n and_o power_n be_v the_o people_n law_n but_o that_o the_o privilege_n due_a to_o englishman_n by_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o england_n have_v their_o foundation_n in_o reason_n and_o law_n and_o that_o those_o new_a cassandrian_a way_n to_o introduce_v will_n and_o power_n deserve_v to_o be_v detest_v by_o all_o person_n profess_v sense_n and_o honesty_n and_o the_o least_o allegiance_n to_o our_o english_a government_n we_o shall_v make_v appear_v from_o a_o sober_a consideration_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o those_o privilege_n contain_v in_o that_o charter_n 1_o the_o ground_n of_o alteration_n of_o any_o law_n in_o government_n where_o there_o be_v no_o invasion_n shall_v arise_v from_o the_o universal_a discommodity_n of_o its_o continuance_n but_o there_o can_v be_v no_o disprofit_v in_o the_o discontinuance_n of_o liberty_n and_o property_n therefore_o there_o can_v be_v no_o just_a 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by_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o same_o shire_n three_o substantial_a man_n knight_n or_o other_o lawful_a wise_a and_o well_o dispose_v person_n to_o be_v justice_n which_o shall_v be_v assign_v by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v without_o any_o other_o write_v but_o only_o their_o commission_n such_o plaint_n as_o shall_v be_v make_v upon_o all_o those_o that_o commit_v or_o offend_v against_o any_o point_n contain_v in_o the_o aforesaid_a charter_n 28_o edw._n 1._o chap._n 1._o 6_o the_o necessity_n of_o preserve_v these_o charter_n have_v appear_v in_o nothing_o more_o than_o in_o the_o care_n they_o have_v take_v to_o confirm_v they_o which_o as_o cook_n observe_v have_v be_v by_o thirty_o two_o parliament_n confirm_v establish_a and_o command_v to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n with_o the_o condign_a punishment_n they_o have_v inflict_v upon_o the_o offender_n cook_n proem_n to_o the_o second_o book_n of_o his_o inst_n 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your_o pleasure_n i_o matter_n not_o your_o fetter_n rec._n till_o now_o i_o never_o understord_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o policy_n and_o prudence_n of_o the_o spaniard_n in_o suffer_v the_o inquisition_n among_o they_o and_o certain_o it_o will_v never_o be_v well_o with_o we_o till_o something_o like_a unto_o the_o spanish-inquisition_n be_v in_o england_n obser_n the_o jury_n be_v require_v to_o go_v together_o to_o find_v another_o verdict_n and_o steadfast_o refuse_v it_o say_v they_o can_v give_v no_o other_o verdict_n than_o what_o be_v already_o give_v the_o recorder_n in_o great_a passion_n be_v run_v off_o the_o bench_n with_o these_o word_n in_o his_o mouth_n i_o protest_v i_o will_v sit_v here_o no_o long_o to_o hear_v these_o thing_n at_o which_o the_o mayor_n call_v stay_v stay_v he_o return_v and_o direct_v himself_o unto_o the_o jury_n and_o speak_v as_o follow_v rec._n gentleman_n we_o shall_v not_o be_v at_o this_o trade_n always_o with_o you_o you_o will_v find_v the_o next_o session_n of_o parliament_n there_o will_v be_v a_o law_n make_v that_o those_o that_o will_v not_o conform_v shall_v not_o have_v the_o protection_n of_o the_o law_n mr._n lee_n draw_v up_o another_o verdict_n that_o they_o may_v bring_v it_o in_o special_a lee_n i_o can_v tell_v how_o to_o do_v it_o jur._n we_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v return_v have_v all_o agree_v and_o set_v our_o hand_n to_o the_o verdict_n rec._n your_o verdict_n be_v nothing_o you_o play_v upon_o the_o court_n i_o say_v you_o shall_v go_v together_o and_o bring_v in_o another_o verdict_n or_o you_o shall_v starve_v and_o i_o will_v have_v you_o charted_a about_o the_o city_n as_o in_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n fore-m._a we_o have_v give_v in_o our_o verdict_n and_o all_o agree_v to_o it_o and_o if_o we_o give_v in_o another_o it_o will_v be_v a_o force_n upon_o we_o to_o save_v our_o life_n may._n take_v they_o up_o offic._n my_o lord_n they_o will_v not_o go_v up_o obser_n the_o mayor_n speak_v 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clarles_n milson_n gregory_n walklet_n john_n baily_n william_n leaver_n james_n damask_n william_n plumstead_n be_v you_o all_o agree_v of_o your_o verdict_n jur._n yes_o cla._n who_o shall_v speak_v for_o you_o jur._n our_o foreman_n cla._n look_v upon_o the_o prisoner_n what_o say_v you_o be_v william_n penn_n guilty_a of_o the_o matter_n whereof_o he_o stand_v indict_v in_o manner_n and_o form_n etc._n etc._n or_o not_o guilty_a foreman_n here_o be_v our_o verdict_n in_o writing_n and_o our_o hand_n subscribe_v obser_n the_o clerk_n take_v the_o paper_n but_o be_v stop_v by_o the_o recorder_n from_o read_v of_o it_o and_o he_o command_v to_o ask_v for_o a_o posstive_a verdict_n foreman_n that_o be_v our_o verdict_n we_o have_v subscribe_v to_o it_o cla._n how_o say_v you_o be_v william_n penn_n guilty_a etc._n etc._n or_o not_o guilty_a foreman_n not_o guilty_a cla._n how_o say_v you_o be_v william_n mead_n guilty_a etc._n etc._n or_o not_o guilty_a foreman_n not_o guilty_a cla._n then_o harken_v to_o your_o verdict_n you_o say_v that_o william_n penn_n be_v not_o guilty_a in_o manner_n and_o form_n as_o he_o stand_v indict_v you_o say_v that_o william_n mead_n be_v not_o guilty_a in_o manner_n and_o form_n as_o he_o stand_v indict_v and_o so_o you_o say_v all_o jur._n yes_o we_o do_v so_o obser_n the_o bench_n be_v unsatisfied_a with_o the_o verdict_n command_v that_o every_o person_n shall_v distinct_o answer_v to_o their_o name_n and_o give_v in_o their_o verdict_n which_o they_o unanimous_o do_v in_o say_v not_o guilty_a to_o the_o great_a satisfaction_n of_o the_o assembly_n rec._n i_o be_o sorry_a gentleman_n you_o have_v follollow_v your_o own_o judgement_n and_o opinion_n rather_o than_o the_o good_a and_o wholesome_a advice_n which_o be_v give_v you_o god_n keep_v my_o life_n out_o of_o your_o hand_n but_o for_o this_o the_o court_n fine_n you_o forty_o mark_v a_o man_n and_o imprisonment_n till_o pay_v at_o which_o pen_n step_v up_o towards_o the_o bench_n and_o say_v pen._n i_o demand_v my_o liberty_n be_v free_v by_o the_o jury_n may._n no_o you_o be_v in_o for_o your_o fine_n pen._n fine_n for_o what_o may._n for_o contempt_n of_o the_o court._n pen._n i_o ask_v if_o it_o be_v according_a to_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o england_n that_o any_o englishman_n shall_v be_v fine_v or_o amerce_v but_o by_o the_o judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n or_o jury_n since_o it_o express_o contradict_v the_o fourteen_o and_o twenty_o nine_o chap._n of_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o england_n which_o say_v no_o freeman_n ought_v to_o be_v amerce_v but_o by_o the_o oath_n of_o good_a and_o lawful_a man_n of_o the_o vicinage_n rec._n take_v he_o away_o take_v he_o away_o take_v he_o out_o of_o the_o court._n pen._n i_o can_v never_o urge_v the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o england_n but_o you_o cry_v take_v he_o away_o take_v he_o away_o but_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n since_o the_o spanish_a inquisition_n have_v so_o great_a a_o place_n in_o the_o recorder_n heart_n god_n almighty_a who_o be_v just_a will_v judge_v you_o all_o for_o these_o thing_n obser_n they_o hale_v the_o prisoner_n into_o the_o baledock_n and_o from_o thence_o send_v they_o to_o newgate_n for_o non_fw-la payment_n of_o their_o fine_n and_o so_o be_v their_o jury_n a_o appendix_n by_o way_n of_o defence_n for_o the_o prisoner_n as_o what_o may_v have_v be_v offer_v against_o the_o indictment_n and_o illegal_a '_o proceed_n of_o the_o court_n thereon_o have_v they_o not_o violent_o overrule_v and_o stop_v they_o upon_o a_o sober_a disquisition_n into_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o indictment_n we_o find_v it_o so_o wretched_o defective_a as_o if_o it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o mere_a composition_n of_o error_n rather_o calculate_v to_o the_o malicious_a design_n of_o the_o judge_n then_o to_o the_o least_o verity_n of_o fact_n commit_v by_o the_o prisoner_n to_o prove_v this_o what_o we_o say_v will_v be_v a_o main_a help_n to_o discover_v the_o 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and_o for_o the_o common_a profit_n of_o the_o realm_n have_v grant_v for_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o these_o article_n above_o write_v robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n primate_n of_o all_o england_n admonish_v all_o his_o province_n once_o twice_o and_o thrice_o because_o that_o shortness_n will_v not_o suffer_v so_o much_o delay_n as_o to_o give_v knowledge_n to_o all_o the_o people_n of_o england_n of_o these_o present_n in_o writing_n we_o therefore_o enjoin_v all_o person_n of_o what_o estate_n soever_o they_o be_v that_o they_o and_o every_o of_o they_o as_o much_o as_o in_o they_o be_v shall_v uphold_v and_o maintain_v these_o article_n grant_v by_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n in_o all_o point_n and_o all_o those_o that_o in_o any_o point_n do_v resist_v or_o break_v or_o in_o any_o manner_n hereafter_o procure_v counsel_n or_o in_o any_o wise_a assent_n to_o testify_v or_o break_v those_o ordinance_n or_o go_v about_o it_o by_o word_n or_o deed_n open_o or_o privy_o by_o any_o manner_n of_o pretence_n or_o colour_n we_o the_o aforesaid_a arch_a bishop_n by_o our_o authority_n in_o this_o write_n express_v do_v excommunicate_a and_o accurse_v and_o from_o the_o body_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n and_o from_o all_o the_o company_n of_o heaven_n and_o from_o all_o the_o sacrament_n of_o holy_a church_n do_v sequester_v and_o exclude_v we_o may_v here_o see_v that_o in_o the_o obscure_a time_n of_o sottish_a popery_n they_o be_v not_o leave_v without_o a_o sense_n of_o justice_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o liberty_n and_o property_n to_o be_v inviolable_o enjoy_v which_o bring_v we_o to_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o one_a the_o cause_n of_o this_o famous_a charter_n be_v as_o we_o have_v already_o say_v the_o encroachment_n that_o be_v make_v by_o several_a minister_n of_o precedent_a king_n that_o almost_o become_v customary_a and_o which_o have_v near_o extinguish_v the_o free_a custom_n due_a to_o englishman_n how_o great_a 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neighbour_n or_o any_o else_o of_o that_o constitution_n it_o justify_v no_o man_n in_o a_o fault_n only_o it_o provide_v equal_a and_o just_a way_n to_o have_v the_o offender_n try_v consider_v the_o malice_n of_o many_o prosecutor_n and_o the_o great_a value_n of_o liberty_n and_o life_n 3d_o the_o end_n of_o it_o be_v the_o most_o noble_a of_o any_o earthly_a projection_n to_o wit_n the_o refix_v of_o those_o shake_a law_n hold_v for_o many_o hundred_o year_n by_o constant_a claim_n that_o they_o live_v may_v be_v re-enstated_n in_o their_o primitive_a liberty_n and_o their_o posterity_n secure_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o so_o great_a a_o happiness_n among_o those_o many_o rich_a advantage_n that_o accrue_v to_o the_o free_a people_n of_o england_n from_o this_o great_a charter_n and_o those_o many_o confirmatory_n statute_n of_o the_o same_o we_o shall_v present_v the_o reader_n with_o the_o sight_n of_o some_o few_o that_o may_v most_o proper_o fall_v under_o the_o consideration_n and_o inquiry_n of_o these_o present_a time_n as_o find_v in_o our_o common_a law_n book_n one_a that_o every_o englishman_n be_v bear_v free_a 2d_o that_o no_o such_o freeman_n shall_v be_v take_v attach_v assess_v or_o imprison_v by_o any_o petition_n or_o suggestion_n to_o the_o king_n or_o his_o counsel_n unless_o by_o the_o indictment_n or_o presentment_n of_o good_a and_o lawful_a man_n where_o such_o deed_n be_v do_v 5_o edw._n 3._o chap._n 9_o 25_o edw._n 3._o chap._n 4._o 17_o r._n 2._o chap._n 6_o rot._n parl._n 42_o edw._n 3._o cook_n 2_o inst_n 46._o 3d_o that_o no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v diseize_v of_o his_o freehold_n or_o liberty_n or_o free_a custom_n etc._n etc._n hereby_o be_v intend_v say_v cook_n that_o land_n tenement_n good_n and_o chattel_n shall_v not_o be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n contrary_a to_o this_o great_a charter_n etc._n etc._n 43._o ass_n pag._n 12._o 43_o edw._n 3._o cook_n 2_o inst_n 32._o neither_o shall_v any_o such_o freeman_n be_v put_v from_o his_o livelihood_n without_o answer_n cook_n 2._o inst_n 47._o 4_o that_o no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v outlawed_a unless_o he_o shroud_v and_o hide_v himself_o voluntary_o from_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o law_n 2_o &_o 3_o phil._n &_o mar._n dier_n 114._o 145._o 5_o no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v exile_v cook_n say_v there_o be_v but_o two_o ground_n upon_o which_o any_o man_n may_v be_v exile_v one_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n suppose_v it_o not_o contrary_a to_o the_o great_a charter_n the_o other_o in_o case_n of_o abjuration_n for_o felony_n by_o the_o common_a law_n etc._n etc._n cook_n 2._o inst_n 47._o 6_o no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v destroy_v that_o be_v he_o shall_v not_o be_v forejudged_n of_o life_n limb_n disherited_n or_o put_v to_o torture_n or_o death_n every_o oppression_n against_o law_n by_o colour_n of_o any_o usurp_a authority_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o destruction_n and_o it_o be_v the_o worst_a oppression_n that_o be_v do_v by_o colour_n of_o justice_n cook_n institu_fw-la 2._o 48._o seven_o that_o no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v thus_o take_v or_o imprison_v diseize_v outlawed_a exile_v or_o destroy_v of_o his_o liberty_n freehold_n and_o free_a custom_n but_o by_o the_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n vulgar_o call_v jury_n so_o that_o the_o judgement_n of_o any_o fact_n or_o person_n be_v by_o this_o fundamental_a law_n refer_v to_o the_o breast_n and_o conscience_n of_o the_o jury_n it_o be_v render_v in_o latin_a per_fw-la legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la that_o be_v lawful_a judgement_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o judgement_n must_v have_v law_n in_o it_o and_o be_v according_a to_o law_n which_o can_v be_v where_o they_o be_v not_o judge_n how_o far_o the_o fact_n be_v legal_a or_o the_o contrary_a judicium_fw-la quasi_fw-la juris_fw-la dictum_fw-la the_o voice_n of_o law_n and_o right_n and_o therefore_o be_v their_o verdict_n not_o to_o be_v reject_v because_o it_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v the_o truth_n according_a to_o their_o conscience_n for_o ver_fw-la dictis_fw-la from_o veer_fw-la dictum_fw-la be_v quasi_fw-la dictum_fw-la veritatis_fw-la or_o a_o true_a say_n or_o judgement_n 9_o hen._n 3._o 29._o cook_n inst_n 1._o 39_o just_o 4._o 207._o cook_n say_v that_o by_o the_o word_n legale_fw-la three_o thing_n be_v employ_v one_a that_o this_o be_v by_o law_n before_o the_o statute_n and_o therefore_o this_o statute_n but_o declaratory_a of_o the_o ancient_a law_n 2d_o that_o their_o verdict_n must_v be_v legal_o give_v wherein_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v one_a the_o jury_n ought_v to_o hear_v no_o evidence_n but_o in_o the_o hear_n and_o presence_n of_o the_o prisoner_n 2d_o that_o they_o can_v send_v to_o ask_v any_o question_n in_o law_n of_o the_o judge_n but_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o prisoner_n for_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la jus_fw-la oritur_fw-la 3d_o the_o evidence_n produce_v by_o the_o king_n counsel_n be_v give_v the_o judge_n can_v collect_v the_o evidence_n nor_o urge_v it_o by_o way_n of_o charge_n to_o the_o jury_n nor_o yet_o confer_v with_o the_o jury_n about_o the_o evidence_n but_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o prisoner_n cook_n inst_n 2._o 49._o 8_o or_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n it_o be_v a_o synonimous_a expression_n import_v no_o more_o than_o by_o a_o trial_n of_o peer_n or_o a_o jury_n for_o it_o be_v sometime_o render_v not_o or_o disjunctive_o but_o and_o which_o be_v connective_o however_o it_o can_v never_o signify_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o old_a way_n of_o try_v by_o peer_n for_o than_o it_o will_v be_v connect_v to_o a_o contradiction_n beside_o cook_n well_o observe_v that_o in_o the_o four_o chap._n of_o the_o 25_o edw._n 3_o per_fw-la legem_fw-la terrae_fw-la import_v no_o more_o than_o a_o trial_n by_o due_a process_n and_o write_v original_a at_o common_a law_n
second_o the_o dreadful_a malediction_n or_o curse_v they_o have_v denounce_v upon_o the_o breaker_n of_o it_o with_o those_o exemplary_a punishment_n they_o have_v not_o spare_v to_o inflict_v upon_o such_o notorious_a offender_n three_o so_o heinous_a a_o thing_n be_v it_o esteem_v of_o old_a to_o endeavour_v a_o enervation_n or_o subversion_n of_o these_o ancient_a right_n and_o privilege_n that_o act_n of_o parliament_n themselves_o otherwise_o the_o most_o sacred_a with_o the_o people_n have_v not_o be_v of_o force_n enough_o to_o secure_v or_o defend_v such_o person_n from_o condign_a punishment_n who_o in_o pursuance_n of_o they_o have_v act_v inconsistent_a with_o our_o great_a charter_n therefore_o it_o be_v that_o great_a lawyer_n the_o lord_n cook_n do_v once_o more_o aggravate_v the_o example_n of_o empson_n and_o dudley_n with_o person_n of_o the_o same_o rank_n into_o a_o just_a caution_n as_o well_o to_o parliament_n as_o judge_n justice_n and_o inferior_a magistrate_n to_o decline_v make_v or_o execute_v any_o act_n that_o may_v in_o the_o least_o seem_v to_o restr_v or_o confirm_v this_o so_o often_o avow_v and_o confirm_v great_a charter_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o england_n since_o parliament_n be_v say_v to_o err_v when_o they_o cross_v it_o the_o obeyer_n of_o their_o act_n punish_v as_o time-serving_a transgressor_n and_o that_o king_n themselves_o though_o enrich_v by_o those_o course_n have_v with_o great_a compunction_n and_o repentance_n leave_v among_o their_o die_a word_n their_o recantation_n therefore_o most_o notable_a and_o true_a it_o be_v with_o which_o we_o shall_v conclude_v this_o present_a subject_n what_o the_o king_n please_v to_o observe_v in_o a_o speech_n to_o the_o parliament_n about_o 1662._o viz._n the_o good_a old_a rule_n of_o law_n be_v our_o best_a security_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o court_n behaviour_n towards_o the_o prisoner_n and_o jury_n with_o their_o many_o extravigant_a expression_n must_v not_o altogether_o slip_v our_o observation_n one_a their_o carriage_n to_o the_o jury_n outdo_v all_o precedent_n they_o entertain_v they_o more_o like_o a_o pack_n of_o felon_n than_o a_o jury_n of_o honest_a man_n as_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v try_v themselves_o then_o to_o acquit_v other_o in_o short_a no_o jury_n for_o many_o age_n receive_v so_o many_o instance_n of_o displeasure_n and_o affront_n because_o they_o prefer_v not_o the_o humour_n of_o the_o court_n before_o the_o quiet_a of_o their_o own_o conscience_n even_o to_o be_v esteem_v as_o perjure_v though_o they_o have_v real_o be_v so_o have_v they_o not_o do_v what_o they_o do_v 2d_o their_o treatment_n of_o the_o prisoner_n be_v not_o more_o unchristian_a then_o inhuman_a history_n can_v scarce_o tell_v we_o of_o one_o heathen_a roman_a that_o ever_o be_v so_o ignoble_a to_o his_o captive_n what_o to_o accuse_v and_o not_o hear_v they_o to_o threaten_v to_o boar_n their_o tongue_n gag_v and_o stop_v their_o mouth_n fetter_v their_o leg_n mere_o for_o defend_v themselves_o and_o that_o by_o the_o ancient_a fundamental_a law_n of_o england_n too_o o_o barbarous_a have_v they_o be_v turk_n and_o infidel_n that_o carriage_n will_v have_v ill_o become_v a_o christian_a court_n such_o action_n prove_v much_o strong_a disswasives_n than_o argument_n to_o convince_v they_o how_o much_o the_o christian_a religion_n incline_v man_n to_o justice_n and_o moderation_n above_o their_o dark_a idolatry_n it_o be_v true_o lamentable_a that_o such_o occasion_n shall_v be_v give_v for_o intelligence_n to_o foreign_a part_n where_o england_n have_v have_v the_o reputation_n of_o a_o christian_a country_n by_o the_o ill_a treat_v of_o its_o sober_a and_o religious_a inhabitant_n for_o their_o conscientious_a meeting_n to_o worship_n god_n but_o above_o all_o dissenter_n have_v little_a reason_n to_o have_v expect_v this_o boarish_a fierceness_n from_o the_o mayor_n of_o london_n when_o they_o consider_v his_o eager_a prosecution_n of_o the_o king_n party_n under_o cromwell_n government_n as_o think_v he_o can_v never_o give_v too_o great_a a_o testimony_n of_o his_o loyalty_n to_o that_o new_a instrument_n which_o make_v the_o old_a say_v true_a that_o one_o runagade_n be_v worse_a than_o three_o turk_n alderman_n bludworth_n be_v conscious_a to_o himself_o of_o his_o partial_a kindness_n to_o the_o popish_a firer_n hope_n to_o make_v amends_o by_o his_o zealous_a prosecution_n of_o the_o poor_a dissenter_n for_o at_o the_o same_o session_n he_o move_v to_o have_v a_o evidence_n of_o no_o small_a quality_n against_o harrison_n the_o friar_n send_v to_o bridewell_n and_o whip_v that_o he_o be_v earnest_a to_o have_v the_o jury_n fine_v and_o imprison_v because_o they_o bring_v not_o the_o prisoner_n guilty_a for_o only_o worship_v their_o god_n whence_o it_o may_v be_v easy_a to_o observe_v that_o popish_a friar_n and_o prelatical_a persecutor_n be_v mere_a confederate_n but_o what_o other_o have_v only_o adventure_v to_o stammer_v at_o the_o recorder_n of_o london_n have_v be_v so_o ingenious_a as_o to_o speak_v most_o plain_o or_o else_o what_o mean_v those_o two_o fatal_a expression_n which_o be_v become_v the_o talk_n and_o terror_n both_o of_o city_n and_o country_n first_o in_o assure_v the_o jury_n that_o there_o will_v be_v a_o law_n next_o session_n of_o parliament_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v have_v the_o protection_n of_o the_o law_n but_o such_o as_o conform_v to_o the_o church_n which_o shall_v it_o be_v as_o true_a as_o we_o hope_v it_o be_v false_a and_o a_o dishonourable_a prophecy_n of_o that_o great_a assembly_n the_o papist_n may_v live_v to_o see_v their_o marian_n day_n outdo_v by_o profess_a protestant_n but_o sure_o no_o englishman_n can_v be_v so_o sottish_a as_o to_o conceive_v that_o his_o right_n to_o liberty_n and_o property_n come_v in_o with_o his_o profession_n of_o the_o protestant_a religion_n or_o that_o his_o natural_a and_o humane_a right_n be_v dependent_a on_o certain_a religious_a apprehension_n and_o consequent_o he_o must_v esteem_v it_o a_o cruelty_n in_o the_o abstract_n that_o person_n shall_v be_v deny_v the_o benefit_n of_o those_o law_n which_o relate_v to_o civil_a concern_v who_o by_o their_o deportment_n in_o civil_a affair_n have_v no_o way_n transgress_v they_o but_o mere_o upon_o a_o opinion_n of_o faith_n and_o matter_n of_o conscience_n it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o liberty_n and_o property_n trade_n and_o commerce_n be_v in_o the_o world_n long_o before_o the_o point_n in_o difference_n betwixt_o protestant_n and_o dissenter_n as_o the_o common_a privilege_n of_o mankind_n and_o therefore_o not_o to_o be_v measure_v out_o by_o a_o conformity_n to_o this_o or_o the_o other_o religious_a persuasion_n but_o pure_o as_o englishman_n second_o but_o we_o shall_v rather_o choose_v to_o esteem_v this_o a_o expression_n of_o heat_n in_o the_o recorder_n then_o that_o we_o can_v believe_v a_o london_n recorder_n shall_v say_v a_o english_a parliament_n shall_v impose_v so_o much_o slavery_n on_o the_o present_a age_n and_o entayl_n it_o upon_o their_o own_o posterity_n who_o for_o aught_o they_o know_v may_v be_v reckon_v among_o the_o dissenter_n of_o the_o next_o age_n do_v he_o not_o encourage_v we_o to_o believe_v it_o be_v both_o his_o desire_n and_o his_o judgement_n from_o that_o deliberate_a elegy_n he_o make_v on_o the_o spanish_a inquisition_n express_v himself_o much_o to_o this_o purpose_n viz._n till_o now_o i_o never_o understand_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o policy_n and_o prudence_n of_o the_o spaniard_n in_o suffer_v the_o inquisition_n among_o they_o and_o certain_o it_o will_v never_o be_v well_o with_o we_o till_o some_o thing_n like_o unto_o the_o spanish_a inquisition_n be_v in_o england_n the_o gross_a malignity_n of_o which_o say_v be_v almost_o inexpressable_a what_o do_v this_o but_o justify_v that_o hellish_a design_n of_o the_o papist_n to_o have_v prevent_v the_o first_o reformation_n if_o this_o be_v good_a doctrine_n then_o hoggestrant_a the_o grand_a inquisitor_n be_v a_o more_o venerable_a person_n than_o luther_n the_o reformer_n it_o be_v a_o expression_n that_o have_v better_o become_v cajetan_n the_o pope_n legate_n than_o howel_n a_o protestant_a city_n recorder_n this_o be_v so_o far_o from_o help_v to_o convert_v the_o spaniard_n that_o it_o be_v the_o way_n to_o harden_v he_o in_o his_o idolatry_n when_o his_o abominable_a cruelty_n shall_v be_v esteem_v prudence_n and_o his_o most_o barbarous_a and_o exquisite_a torture_v of_o truth_n a_o excellent_a way_n to_o prevent_v faction_n if_o the_o recorder_n have_v speak_v for_o no_o more_o than_o for_o himself_o it_o be_v well_o but_o certain_o he_o little_o deserve_v to_o be_v think_v a_o protestant_n and_o a_o lawyer_n that_o put_v both_o reformation_n and_o law_n into_o the_o inquision_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o destructive_a of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n and_o liberty_n of_o england_n and_o that_o noble_a design_n of_o primitive_a