dover_n and_o the_o dutch_a fleet_n put_v out_o in_o like_a manner_n upon_o the_o north-east_n sea_n and_o fight_v the_o spanish_a fleet_n in_o the_o down_n it_o be_v true_a that_o sir_n john_n pennington_n who_o then_o command_v the_o english_a guard_n endeavour_v to_o hinder_v they_o from_o sight_v so_o near_o the_o port_n to_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o security_n and_o protection_n of_o they_o and_o trouble_v the_o commerce_n and_o intercourse_n of_o the_o king_n liege_n and_n ally_n but_o no_o complaint_n make_v either_o then_o or_o afterward_o of_o the_o two_o fleet_n of_o war_n enter_v the_o sea_n aforesaid_a parcel_n of_o the_o dominion_n and_o territory_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n without_o a_o special_a licence_n first_o ask_v and_o obtain_v and_o it_o will_v be_v time_n misspend_v to_o recount_v how_o often_o either_o spaniard_n french_a or_o dutch_a have_v enter_v these_o sea_n with_o arm_a fleet_n and_o convoy_n as_o their_o occasion_n oblige_v they_o free_o without_o leave_n and_o without_o control_n i_o speak_v not_o here_o of_o the_o private_a notice_n and_o intimation_n which_o one_o prince_n may_v in_o friendly_a manner_n give_v another_o to_o satisfy_v he_o of_o the_o reason_n of_o any_o extraordinary_a military_a preparation_n and_o of_o the_o clearness_n of_o his_o intention_n towards_o he_o but_o of_o a_o formal_a previous_a leave_n to_o be_v ask_v and_o obtain_v by_o a_o foreign_a prince_n or_o state_n before_o they_o put_v out_o to_o sea_n upon_o the_o maritime_a territory_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n in_o a_o warlike_a equipage_n in_o the_o year_n 165â—_n the_o state_n general_n give_v public_a notice_n by_o their_o ambassador_n here_o in_o england_n that_o they_o have_v resolve_v to_o fit_v out_o to_o sea_n a_o extraordinary_a fleet_n of_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o man_n of_o war_n beside_o those_o in_o present_a service_n for_o the_o security_n and_o preservation_n of_o their_o navigation_n and_o commerce_n they_o do_v not_o ask_v leave_n to_o do_v it_o but_o first_o resolve_v upon_o it_o and_o then_o give_v notice_n and_o they_o pretend_v this_o notice_n be_v a_o argument_n of_o their_o sincerity_n and_o good_a will_n in_o order_n to_o prevent_v all_o misunderstanding_n and_o finist_a interpretation_n but_o they_o in_o england_n understand_v it_o otherwise_o and_o resent_v it_o as_o a_o bravado_n and_o insult_n i_o pass_v now_o to_o the_o second_o incident_a of_o the_o sovereignty_n 1661._o of_o the_o marine_a jurisdiction_n and_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n videsis_n we_o &_o corstumâ—s_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mer_n print_v at_o boâ—â—deaux_n 1661._o to_o examine_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n as_o to_o that_o viz._n the_o marine_a jurisdiction_n it_o be_v common_o affirm_v by_o english_a writer_n that_o our_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o the_o french_a give_v a_o different_a account_n do_v in_o his_o return_n from_o the_o holy_a land_n make_v and_o declare_v certain_a marine_a law_n for_o the_o better_a regulation_n of_o commerce_n which_o from_o the_o place_n of_o their_o first_o publication_n be_v call_v the_o law_n of_o oleron_n a_o small_a island_n situate_a in_o the_o bay_n of_o aquitain_n and_o a_o member_n of_o that_o great_a and_o wealthy_a duchy_n which_o be_v in_o the_o actual_a possession_n of_o king_n richard_n as_o his_o maternal_a inheritance_n for_o it_o come_v to_o his_o father_n henry_n the_o second_o by_o marriage_n with_o elinor_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o william_n duke_n of_o aquitain_n and_o by_o the_o way_n it_o may_v be_v note_v that_o this_o duchy_n either_o in_o whole_a or_o part_n continue_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o ten_o descent_n to_o the_o 32d_o of_o henry_n the_o six_o near_o 300_o year_n though_o that_o of_o normandy_n continue_v but_o five_o descent_n and_o end_v in_o king_n john._n but_o whether_o these_o law_n be_v publish_v as_o aforesaid_a by_o king_n richard_n or_o whether_o about_o sixty_o year_n after_o as_o some_o print_a edition_n will_v have_v they_o be_v not_o a_o enquiry_n pertinent_a to_o this_o place_n be_v it_o admit_v those_o law_n be_v publish_v by_o king_n richard_n who_o be_v actual_a duke_n both_o of_o aquitain_n and_o normandy_n and_o in_o right_a of_o the_o latter_a lord_n on_o both_o side_n the_o english_a channel_n the_o great_a intercourse_n betwixt_o his_o english_a and_o french_a subject_n and_o those_o of_o his_o ally_n require_v a_o certain_a rule_n of_o sea-law_n for_o the_o more_o speedy_a and_o impartial_a determination_n of_o all_o controversy_n which_o may_v occasional_o arise_v these_o law_n of_o oleron_n as_o to_o the_o main_a of_o they_o be_v but_o a_o transcript_n of_o the_o old_a rhodian_a law_n with_o some_o new_a addition_n and_o amendment_n accommodate_v to_o the_o practice_n of_o that_o age_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o western_a nation_n who_o thereupon_o may_v ready_o conform_v to_o they_o as_o to_o a_o common_a standard_n and_o measure_n like_o a_o law_n of_o nation_n for_o the_o more_o equal_a distribution_n of_o justice_n among_o the_o people_n of_o different_a government_n but_o to_o infer_v from_o hence_o a_o universal_a monarchy_n at_o sea_n and_o that_o king_n richard_n in_o right_a of_o his_o imperial_a crown_n of_o england_n and_o ducal_z crown_n of_o nâ—rmandy_n and_o aquitain_n do_v as_o sole_a or_o supreme_a legislator_n for_o the_o marine_a authoritative_o impose_v sea-law_n upon_o the_o people_n and_o subject_n oâ—_n other_o nation_n be_v but_o a_o strain_a inference_n the_o roman_n be_v far_o enough_o from_o yield_v a_o sea-sovereignty_n to_o the_o little_a republic_n of_o rhodes_n and_o yet_o be_v so_o well_o satisfy_v with_o the_o equity_n of_o their_o sea-law_n that_o they_o not_o only_o conform_v to_o they_o dâ—â—â—l_n lab._n 11._o dâ—â—â—l_n but_o incorporate_v they_o into_o the_o body_n of_o their_o digest_v and_o as_o the_o rhodian_a law_n obtain_v in_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n in_o the_o western_a and_o english_a sea_n so_o the_o law_n of_o wisbuy_n a_o town_n situate_a upon_o the_o little_a isle_n of_o gotland_n in_o the_o eastern_a part_n of_o the_o baltic_a former_o under_o denmark_n now_o under_o the_o crown_n of_o sueden_n call_v from_o thence_o leges_fw-la wisbuicenses_fw-la 19â—_n pâ—â—k_v in_fw-ge 〈…〉_o tit._n diâ—_n &_o cod._n 〈…〉_o p._n 19â—_n be_v receive_v by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o northern_a trader_n as_o a_o common_a measure_n for_o all_o nautick_a assair_n to_o the_o northwards_o of_o the_o rhine_n and_o throughout_o the_o whole_a baltic_a that_o the_o sea_n be_v within_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v a_o matter_n unquestionable_a not_o at_o home_n only_o but_o among_o all_o nation_n his_o admiral_n have_v and_o ever_o have_v through_o a_o long_a series_n of_o age_n the_o conusance_n of_o all_o contract_n plea_n and_o querrels_n make_v upon_o the_o sea_n out_o of_o the_o body_n of_o any_o county_n of_o england_n which_o power_n be_v enlarge_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 15_o r._n 2._o cap._n 3._o to_o death_n and_o mayhem_n upon_o great_a ship_n in_o the_o main_a stream_n of_o great_a river_n and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 28._o hen._n 8._o cap._n 15._o a_o court_n of_o commission_n may_v be_v hold_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n coram_fw-la admirallo_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v all_o treason_n felony_n robbery_n etc._n etc._n do_v or_o commit_v upon_o the_o sea._n but_o then_o it_o be_v evident_a and_o undeniable_a also_o that_o the_o neighbour_a kingdom_n and_o state_n who_o border_n upon_o the_o sea_n have_v their_o distinct_a admiralty_n likewise_o and_o have_v long_o since_o have_v where_o their_o subject_n and_o people_n receive_v sinal_a sentence_n in_o all_o maritime_a cause_n without_o exception_n of_o any_o sea_n or_o without_o appeal_n to_o the_o admiralty_n of_o england_n as_o the_o last_o resort_n or_o as_o have_v supreme_a conusance_n of_o all_o thing_n do_v and_o commit_v in_o and_o upon_o the_o british_a sea_n if_o a_o french_a or_o dutch_a vessel_n take_v a_o pirate_n of_o what_o nation_n soever_o who_o have_v commit_v a_o robbery_n upon_o the_o english_a sea_n they_o do_v not_o remit_v he_o to_o the_o admiralty_n of_o england_n as_o to_o the_o sole_a tribunal_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o fact_n be_v do_v to_o receive_v sentence_n there_o but_o they_o carry_v he_o before_o their_o own_o judicatories_n and_o judge_v he_o as_o a_o enemy_n of_o mankind_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n if_o one_o foreigner_n do_v any_o injury_n to_o another_o be_v it_o fraud_n or_o violence_n upon_o the_o british_a sea_n the_o party_n injure_v make_v not_o his_o complaint_n to_o the_o admiralty_n of_o england_n as_o the_o proper_a court_n and_o as_o have_v the_o sole_a juridical_a conusance_n of_o his_o plea_n but_o resort_v to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o his_o own_o sovereign_n or_o
fleet_n be_v ad_fw-la tutelam_fw-la maris_fw-la say_v suetonius_n for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o sea._n we_o ad_fw-la custodiam_fw-la say_v our_o record_n for_o the_o custody_n or_o safe_a keep_n it_o from_o be_v infest_a by_o pirate_n a_o trade_n frequent_a in_o former_a age_n among_o the_o northern_a people_n and_o consequent_o for_o secure_v the_o navigation_n and_o commerce_n of_o their_o subject_n and_o ally_n the_o two_o fleet_n do_v praesidere_fw-la italiam_fw-la say_v tacitus_n guard_n italy_n as_o a_o garrison_n town_n do_v a_o frontier_n we_o be_v also_o call_v nave_n praesidiariae_fw-la garrison-ship_n to_o guard_v the_o open_a shore_n and_o land_v place_n of_o a_o large_a island_n against_o the_o hostile_a insult_n and_o descent_n of_o foreigner_n they_o be_v our_o movable_a garrison_n our_o float_a castle_n fifty_o of_o which_o will_v defend_v a_o island_n better_o than_o five_o thousand_o stand_a one_o be_v build_v round_o the_o shore_n beside_o the_o two_o admiralty_n of_o the_o north_n and_o south_n the_o book_n of_o our_o municipal_a law_n make_v frequent_a mention_n of_o the_o quatuor_fw-la maria_n the_o four_o sea_n environ_v england_n to_o the_o east_n marit_fw-mi of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d marit_fw-mi west_n north_n and_o south_n for_o england_n as_o distinct_a from_o scotland_n be_v a_o peninsula_n bound_v on_o the_o north_n by_o a_o isthmus_n of_o land_n and_o the_o northern_a sea._n and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o to_o be_v infra_fw-la or_o intra_fw-la quatuor_fw-la maria_fw-la within_o the_o four_o sea_n be_v in_o construction_n of_o our_o law_n to_o be_v within_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o to_o be_v extra_n quatuor_fw-la maria_n out_o of_o the_o four_o sea_n be_v equipollent_a to_o be_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v further_o note_v that_o not_o only_o he_o who_o be_v upon_o the_o land_n but_o he_o also_o who_o be_v upon_o the_o sea_n be_v in_o our_o law_n say_v to_o be_v intra_fw-la mare_fw-la within_o the_o sea_n because_o he_o have_v sea_n still_o before_o he_o till_o he_o be_v arrive_v on_o the_o opposite_a shoar_n and_o then_o and_o not_o till_o then_o he_o be_v extra_n mare_n out_o of_o the_o sea_n or_o beyond_o it_o and_o when_o a_o englishman_n be_v upon_o the_o other_o shoar_n he_o be_v then_o within_o the_o ligeance_n of_o another_o prince_n and_o therefore_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n but_o whilst_o upon_o the_o sea_n he_o be_v within_o the_o ligeance_n of_o his_o own_o prince_n and_o therefore_o within_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n for_o england_n be_v not_o always_o take_v strict_o for_o the_o land_n of_o it_o in_o which_o sense_n the_o isle_n of_o jersey_n guernsey_n and_o mann_n be_v no_o part_n of_o england_n but_o sometime_o comprehensive_o for_o all_o the_o dominion_n of_o it_o and_o in_o legal_a understanding_n he_o be_v within_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n who_o be_v within_o the_o local_a ligeance_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n the_o use_n our_o law_n make_v of_o this_o technical_a phrase_n or_o artisicial_a form_n of_o speech_n intra_fw-la or_o extra_fw-la quatuor_n maria_n within_z or_o without_o the_o four_o sea_n be_v this_o partly_o to_o essoin_fw-fr or_o excuse_v man_n from_o appearance_n in_o court_n upon_o writ_n of_o summons_n for_o if_o it_o can_v true_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o party_n summon_v be_v oultre_n la_fw-fr mâ—â—_n beyond_o the_o sea_n this_o be_v accept_v as_o a_o good_a esloin_n to_o save_v his_o desault_n but_o principal_o to_o be_v a_o certain_a and_o regulate_v distance_n within_o which_o our_o law_n will_v admit_v of_o some_o presumption_n which_o beyond_o that_o distance_n it_o will_v not_o for_o example_n if_o a_o husband_n be_v within_o the_o four_o sea_n 399._o cok._n on_o lit._n sect._n 399._o and_o his_o wiâ—e_n have_v issue_n the_o law_n presume_v the_o issue_n legitimate_a and_o will_v admit_v of_o no_o proof_n to_o bastardize_v the_o child_n because_o within_o so_o little_a a_o distance_n man_n and_o wife_n may_v clandestine_o come_v together_o and_o none_o can_v safe_o swear_v they_o do_v not_o but_o if_o the_o husband_n be_v out_o of_o the_o sour_a sea_n the_o law_n be_v otherwise_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 18._o edw._n 1._o a_o fine_a levy_v in_o the_o common_a bench_n conclude_v he_o who_o be_v within_o the_o sour_a sea_n if_o he_o put_v not_o in_o his_o claim_n within_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n because_o the_o law_n presume_v he_o near_o enough_o to_o have_v timely_a notice_n of_o so_o solemn_a a_o act_n as_o a_o fine_a be_v and_o if_o he_o suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v foreclose_v for_o want_n of_o a_o action_n or_o entry_n impute_v it_o to_o his_o own_o neglect_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 4._o hen._n 7._o cap._n 24._o the_o sorementioned_a term_n of_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n be_v enlarge_v to_o five_o year_n and_o what_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o edw._n 1._o be_v say_v to_o be_v out_o of_o the_o four_o sea_n be_v in_o this_o of_o hen._n 7._o say_v to_o be_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n as_o equipollent_a phrase_n and_o signify_v the_o same_o thing_n case_n c._n 〈◊〉_d rep._n 〈◊〉_d case_n and_o it_o a_o man_n be_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n what_o day_n a_o fine_a be_v levy_v though_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d public_a act_n the_o law_n suppose_v he_o not_o to_o have_v sufficient_a notice_n of_o a_o thing_n do_v within_o the_o realm_n and_o therefore_o interpose_v a_o exception_n to_o the_o save_n of_o his_o right_n and_o this_o be_v all_o which_o our_o law-book_n mean_v when_o they_o say_v 439._o co._n on_o littâ—_n sect._n 439._o the_o sea_n of_o england_n be_v within_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n as_o in_o the_o place_n quote_v in_o the_o margin_n but_o whether_o the_o sea_n be_v so_o within_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n as_o to_o be_v part_n of_o the_o territorial_n property_n of_o it_o exclusive_o of_o all_o other_o kingdom_n and_o state_n that_o they_o meddle_v not_o with_o but_o to_o be_v within_o the_o sour_a sea_n and_o to_o be_v within_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n be_v as_o to_o some_o purpose_n in_o construction_n and_o intendment_n of_o our_o law_n one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n our_o law-book_n have_v many_o other_o phrase_n and_o expression_n of_o special_a use_n but_o yet_o do_v not_o reach_v the_o controvert_v point_n betwixt_o england_n and_o other_o nation_n as_o where_o it_o be_v say_v the_o sea_n be_v of_o the_o ligeance_n of_o the_o king_n and_o parcel_n of_o his_o crown_n of_o england_n le_fw-fr mer_n est_fw-la del_fw-it liegeance_n del_fw-it rey_n &_o parcel_n de_fw-fr son_fw-fr corone_n d'engleterre_fw-fr 439._o co._n 5._o rep._n sir_n hen._n corstable_n case_n 〈◊〉_d 108._o co._n on_o lattl_n sect_n 439._o and_o in_o another_o place_n it_o be_v say_v the_o sea_n of_o england_n be_v within_o the_o ligeance_n of_o the_o king_n as_o of_o his_o crown_n of_o england_n as_o to_o the_o king_n liegeance_n it_o stand_v thus_o in_o our_o law_n all_o native_n or_o natural-born_a subject_n or_o person_n bear_v within_o the_o king_n ligeance_n for_o these_o do_v tantamount_n wheresoever_o they_o be_v whether_o at_o sea_n or_o land_n in_o england_n or_o any_o foreign_a country_n quocunque_fw-la sub_fw-la axe_n they_o still_o owe_v a_o native_a or_o natural_a and_o inseparable_a faith_n and_o allegiance_n to_o their_o liege-lord_n the_o king._n whilst_o in_o england_n or_o upon_o the_o sea_n beside_o their_o natural_a ligeance_n they_o be_v within_o the_o local_a ligeance_n of_o their_o own_o sovereign_n an_o i_o under_o his_o immediate_a protection_n and_o defence_n but_o when_o within_o the_o dominion_n of_o a_o foreign_a prince_n though_o as_o to_o person_n they_o still_o retain_v faith_n to_o their_o natural_a sovereign_n yet_o as_o to_o place_n they_o be_v out_o of_o his_o actual_a obedience_n and_o within_o the_o protection_n of_o another_o which_o draw_v subjection_n along_o with_o it_o and_o make_v they_o the_o temporary_a local_a subject_n of_o that_o other_o prince_n and_o as_o this_o be_v the_o case_n of_o english_a man_n abroad_o so_o be_v it_o of_o alien_n here_o in_o england_n a_o child_n bear_v at_o sea_n in_o any_o of_o the_o king_n ship_n or_o other_o english_a vessel_n navigate_v by_o english_a master_n and_o crew_n be_v a_o native_a if_o bear_v upon_o the_o land_n of_o england_n in_o any_o fort_n or_o town_n possess_v by_o a_o enemy_n it_o be_v bear_v out_o of_o the_o â—ing's_n ligeance_n and_o therefore_o a_o alien_n 6._o co._n 7._o pep_v 〈◊〉_d case_n foâ—_n 6._o but_o whereas_o it_o be_v say_v the_o sea_n be_v within_o the_o liegeance_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v extensive_o of_o the_o ligeance_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n that_o it_o reach_v to_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o land_n not_o exclusive_o of_o the_o ligeance_n of_o
other_o crown_n as_o if_o no_o crown_n have_v ligeance_n at_o sea_n but_o that_o of_o england_n only_o or_o as_o if_o no_o foreigner_n aboard_o his_o own_o vessel_n within_o any_o the_o four_o sea_n be_v within_o the_o ligeance_n of_o his_o own_o natural_a sovereign_n for_o this_o be_v manifest_o repugnant_a to_o daily_a fact_n and_o experience_n as_o we_o shall_v see_v anon_o when_o i_o come_v to_o the_o question_n of_o fact._n as_o to_o that_o other_o expression_n of_o the_o sea_n supra_fw-la co._n in_o constaâ—â—_n case_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la be_v parcel_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n the_o forementioned_a author_n in_o the_o place_n before_o cite_v expound_v his_o meaning_n to_o be_v that_o it_o be_v parcel_n of_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n thus_o jetsam_n flotsam_n and_o lagan_n appertain_v to_o the_o king_n by_o his_o prerogative_n good_n throw_v overboard_o to_o lighten_v a_o ship_n in_o distress_n by_o wether_n be_v call_v jetsam_n good_n of_o a_o wrecked_a ship_n float_v upon_o the_o water_n be_v call_v flotsam_n good_n sink_v with_o a_o cork_n or_o buoy_z tie_v to_o they_o to_o direct_v to_o the_o place_n be_v call_v lagan_n or_o ligan_n all_o these_o good_n if_o the_o ship_n perish_v and_o no_o owner_n can_v be_v prove_v belong_v to_o the_o king_n in_o right_n of_o his_o crown_n as_o treasure_n trove_v and_z estrais_fw-fr at_o land_n do_v and_o all_o derelict_n who_o property_n be_v lose_v the_o law_n adjudge_v they_o to_o the_o king_n as_o owner_n paramount_n also_o royal_a fish_n 16._o co._n rep._n 7._o case_n de_fw-fr swan_n f._n 16._o as_o whale_n sturgeon_n etc._n etc._n take_v by_o the_o king_n subject_n on_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n appertain_v to_o the_o king_n by_o his_o prerogative_n but_o no_o mention_n make_v in_o any_o of_o our_o law-book_n of_o a_o appropriate_a fish_n exclusive_a of_o the_o people_n and_o subject_n of_o other_o prince_n and_o state_n i_o have_v mention_v these_o passage_n which_o occur_v in_o the_o book_n of_o our_o municipal_a law_n because_o though_o of_o excellent_a use_n and_o undeniable_a verity_n when_o fit_o apply_v to_o what_o they_o be_v design_v and_o intend_v yet_o if_o misapply_v to_o the_o case_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o 4_o sea_n as_o it_o stand_v betwixt_o england_n and_o other_o nation_n they_o may_v and_o do_v occasion_n error_n and_o mistake_n those_o book_n handle_v case_n betwixt_o subject_a and_o subject_a and_o sometime_o betwixt_o crown_n and_o subject_n but_o not_o betwixt_o crown_n and_o crown_n i_o mean_v betwixt_o england_n and_o other_o kingdom_n matter_n of_o this_o nature_n must_v be_v look_v for_o in_o the_o public_a treaty_n and_o transaction_n of_o state_n betwixt_o our_o king_n and_o foreign_a prince_n or_o in_o a_o long_a peaceable_a possession_n which_o we_o call_v prescription_n and_o these_o i_o shall_v examine_v by_o and_o by_o thus_o far_o i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o clear_v the_o true_a notion_n of_o sea-dominion_n neither_o extend_v it_o to_o impeach_v the_o free_a navigation_n and_o commerce_n of_o peaceable_a trader_n due_a to_o they_o of_o natural_a right_n and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n notwithstanding_o such_o dominion_n nor_o yet_o make_v it_o a_o verbal_a notion_n only_o consist_v in_o word_n and_o form_n of_o speech_n without_o any_o real_a fruit_n and_o effect_n but_o have_v instance_a in_o three_o weighty_a thing_n as_o the_o inseparable_a incident_n of_o it_o i_o shall_v now_o proceed_v to_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o some_o without_o examination_n take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o the_o accustom_a salutation_n at_o sea_n by_o the_o flag_n and_o topsail_n be_v a_o act_n of_o recognition_n and_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o sovereign_a dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n inherent_a in_o that_o prince_n to_o who_o such_o salutation_n be_v perform_v i_o shall_v crave_v leave_n to_o examine_v this_o in_o the_o first_o place_n chap._n iii_o what_o the_o salutation_n at_o sea_n by_o the_o flag_n and_o topsail_n signify_v and_o whether_o it_o have_v any_o relation_n to_o the_o dominion_n of_o it_o the_o salutation_n at_o sea_n by_o the_o flag_n and_o topsail_n be_v never_o covenant_v in_o any_o the_o public_a treaty_n betwixt_o england_n and_o other_o nation_n but_o in_o those_o with_o the_o unite_a netherlands_o only_o and_o never_o in_o any_o of_o they_o till_o the_o year_n 1654._o and_o i_o be_o inclinable_a to_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v particular_a reason_n why_o it_o be_v then_o covenant_v partly_o because_o at_o that_o time_n the_o royal_a dignity_n of_o england_n be_v debase_v and_o disguise_v under_o the_o obscure_a name_n of_o a_o protectorat_n and_o they_o who_o have_v not_o refuse_v it_o to_o a_o ancient_o crown_v head_n may_v make_v some_o scruple_n to_o do_v it_o to_o a_o new_a republic_n and_o partly_o because_o that_o war_n begin_v upon_o a_o dispute_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o flag_n i_o can_v say_v it_o be_v the_o sole_a cause_n of_o the_o war_n but_o it_o be_v the_o first_o occasion_n of_o it_o for_o while_o blake_n be_v in_o dover_n ride_v with_o the_o english_a fleet_n tromp_n with_o double_a the_o number_n of_o ship_n but_o not_o equal_a in_o goodness_n stand_v over_o from_o the_o coast_n of_o calais_n direct_o towards_o he_o and_o come_v up_o close_o with_o he_o with_o his_o flag_n alost_a jack_n and_o pendant_n sly_v and_o all_o the_o bravery_n he_o can_v display_v 1652._o may_v 1652._o blake_n be_v too_o stout_a to_o brook_v the_o affront_n and_o so_o in_o plain_a english_a the_o two_o general_n sell_v together_o by_o the_o ear_n neither_o of_o they_o know_v how_o soon_o he_o may_v be_v call_v to_o a_o severe_a account_n by_o his_o superior_n for_o what_o he_o have_v do_v but_o they_o justify_v themselves_o by_o cast_v the_o blame_n one_o upon_o the_o other_o and_o thus_o the_o servant_n quarrel_v soon_o become_v the_o master_n and_o both_o nation_n engage_v in_o a_o sierce_a war_n which_o end_v in_o 165â—_n and_o in_o the_o 13_o article_n of_o the_o preaty_n of_o peace_n then_o conclude_v to_o prevent_v the_o like_a dispute_n for_o the_o suture_a it_o be_v covenant_v that_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n as_o well_o thâ—se_a siâ—â—ed_v for_o wâ—r_n as_o other_o which_o hold_v meet_v in_o the_o british_a sea_n any_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o war_n of_o england_n shall_v shriek_n their_o flag_n and_o lower_v their_o tepsail_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o have_v be_v any_o time_n practise_v 〈◊〉_d under_o any_o former_a government_n but_o whereas_o some_o think_v that_o this_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o england_n to_o take_v that_o by_o covenant_n which_o they_o hold_v before_o by_o prescription_n i_o be_o not_o so_o clear_a in_o that_o opinion_n for_o what_o stand_v before_o upon_o the_o soot_n of_o courtesy_n or_o of_o custom_n at_o the_o best_a be_v now_o confirm_v by_o a_o superven_a contrast_n and_o pass_v into_o a_o national_a law_n found_v upon_o mutual_a consent_n and_o from_o the_o treaty_n in_o 165â—_n it_o pass_v into_o that_o make_v at_o westminster_n by_o his_o late_a majesty_n in_o 1662._o and_o from_o thence_o into_o that_o make_v at_o breda_n in_o 1667_o in_o which_o as_o in_o the_o former_a the_o flag_n and_o topsail_n be_v express_o covenant_v for_o in_o the_o british_a sea_n but_o by_o a_o late_a treaty_n viz._n 1673._o instead_o of_o the_o british_a sea_n there_o be_v a_o enlargement_n to_o the_o sea_n betwixt_o cape_n finisterre_n to_o the_o middle_a point_n of_o the_o land_n van_fw-mi staten_n in_o norwey_n here_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o in_o the_o forementioned_a treaty_n the_o salutation_n by_o the_o flag_n and_o topsail_n be_v not_o where_o say_v to_o be_v a_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n in_o and_o over_o the_o british_a sea_n nor_o so_o much_o as_o intimate_v or_o imply_v but_o on_o the_o contrary_a as_o it_o be_v on_o purpose_n to_o prevent_v such_o a_o construstion_n it_o be_v express_o say_v to_o be_v a_o respect_n the_o word_n of_o the_o treaty_n 1673_o be_v thâ—se_a in_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n be_v right_o to_o have_v his_o flag_n respect_v they_o i._n e._n the_o dutch_a shall_v strike_v their_o flag_n and_o lower_v their_o topsail_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o with_o the_o same_o respect_n as_o have_v at_o any_o time_n or_o in_o any_o place_n be_v former_o practise_v it_o be_v true_a it_o have_v be_v offer_v at_o to_o make_v this_o respect_n pass_v into_o a_o acknowledgement_n of_o sovereignty_n but_o it_o be_v but_o a_o offer_n and_o so_o vanish_v for_o in_o the_o project_n or_o concept_n of_o 27_o article_n deliver_v in_o the_o year_n 165â—_n by_o the_o than_o english_a commissioner_n to_o the_o dutch_a ambassador_n in_o the_o 15_o article_n it_o be_v
equip_v for_o war_n over_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n whether_o any_o sovereign_a prince_n or_o state_n have_v occasion_n to_o enter_v upon_o any_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n with_o man_n of_o war_n either_o in_o entire_a fleet_n or_o as_o convoy_n to_o merchant_n have_v first_o ask_v leave_v so_o to_o do_v of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o the_o supreme_a lord_n of_o the_o territory_n i_o have_v often_o meet_v with_o a_o traditional_a story_n both_o in_o discourse_n and_o in_o print_a pamphlet_n that_o queen_n elizabeth_n have_v intelligence_n that_o henry_n the_o four_o of_o france_n have_v a_o design_n to_o increase_v the_o naval_a strength_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o to_o equip_v a_o considerable_a fleet_n of_o war_n not_o only_o for_o the_o mediterranean_a but_o for_o the_o sea_n also_o towards_o england_n she_o send_v to_o bid_v he_o desist_v from_o it_o that_o the_o queen_n may_v request_v he_o not_o to_o put_v out_o upon_o these_o sea_n with_o a_o unusual_a fleet_n as_o that_o which_o may_v occasion_v jealousy_n in_o her_o subject_n and_o oblige_v she_o to_o a_o extraordinary_a expense_n in_o arm_v proportionable_o and_o consequent_o tend_v to_o weaken_v the_o amity_n and_o good_a assurance_n betwixt_o the_o two_o crown_n i_o say_v that_o she_o may_v do_v this_o for_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o she_o do_v it_o be_v neither_o moral_o impossible_a nor_o whole_o disagreeable_a to_o the_o practice_n among_o prince_n but_o that_o she_o do_v pro_fw-la jure_fw-la interdict_v and_o forbid_v he_o so_o do_v as_o a_o entrenchment_n and_o invasion_n of_o she_o right_o by_o enter_v with_o a_o arm_a force_n upon_o the_o territory_n of_o her_o crown_n without_o her_o leave_n for_o this_o i_o shall_v suspend_v my_o belief_n till_o better_a voucher_n be_v produce_v it_o be_v too_o common_a among_o man_n first_o to_o form_v their_o opinion_n and_o then_o to_o seek_v their_o proof_n and_o some_o rather_o than_o not_o find_v they_o will_v devise_v they_o there_o be_v another_o currant_n story_n of_o the_o same_o alloy_n that_o queen_n elizabeth_n seize_v in_o the_o bay_n of_o cascais_n in_o portugal_n sixty_o lade_v ship_n belong_v to_o the_o hans_n town_n of_o germany_n and_o afterward_o consiscate_v both_o ship_n and_o good_n for_o have_v presumptuous_o pass_v over_o her_o sea_n without_o first_o obtain_v her_o royal_a permission_n in_o this_o several_a mistake_v be_v complicate_v together_o one_o in_o law_n and_o two_o in_o fact._n that_o in_o law_n be_v this_o suppose_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o have_v be_v universal_o acknowledge_v as_o the_o queen_n undoubted_a right_n yet_o ought_v not_o the_o hanseaty_n who_o be_v friend_n and_o peaceable_a trader_n and_o pursue_v their_o lawful_a occasion_n to_o have_v be_v consiscate_v for_o not_o a_o king_n leave_v of_o passage_n over_o these_o sea_n have_v there_o be_v nothing_o more_o in_o the_o case_n because_o they_o need_v not_o in_o law_n so_o to_o have_v do_v no_o more_o than_o a_o market-man_n need_v ask_v leave_n of_o the_o owner_n to_o pass_v his_o field_n over_o which_o the_o market_n path_n lie_v the_o two_o mistake_v in_o fact_n be_v these_o 1._o the_o say_v sixty_o sail_n of_o ship_n do_v not_o in_o fact_n pass_v the_o sea_n of_o england_n 95._o 〈…〉_o 15.9_o 〈…〉_o lib._n 95._o and_o therefore_o can_v not_o be_v consiscate_v upon_o that_o account_n mr._n cambden_n our_o faithful_a annalist_n say_v express_o and_o so_o do_v thuanus_n too_o that_o they_o pass_v on_o the_o north_n of_o scotland_n by_o the_o occade_n hebrides_n and_o great_a western_a ocean_n on_o the_o backside_n of_o ireland_n a_o long_a and_o dangerous_a passage_n to_o avoid_v be_v intercept_v in_o the_o channel_n by_o the_o queen_n ship_n 2._o the_o sole_a reason_n why_o they_o be_v confiscate_v be_v this_o because_o they_o carry_v good_n of_o contrabanda_n prohibit_v good_n viz._n corn_n which_o at_o that_o time_n spain_n want_v and_o naval_a provision_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o a_o enemy_n who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v prepare_v a_o new_a fleet_n for_o the_o invasion_n of_o england_n in_o revenge_n of_o the_o disgrace_n he_o have_v receive_v the_o year_n before_o viz._n in_o 88_o and_o this_o they_o do_v contrary_a to_o the_o queen_n proclamation_n and_o monitory_a letter_n to_o the_o hans_n town_n whereby_o she_o forbid_v they_o to_o supply_v spain_n her_o declare_a enemy_n with_o such_o provision_n under_o the_o penalty_n of_o forfeit_v ship_n and_o good_n thus_o the_o dutch_a in_o the_o year_n 1652._o when_o by_o their_o interest_n and_o influence_n in_o the_o court_n of_o denmark_n they_o have_v cause_v a_o english_a fleet_n of_o above_o twenty_o merchant_n man_n lade_v with_o pitch_n tar_n flax_n hemp_n and_o other_o naval_a store_n to_o be_v arrest_v in_o the_o sound_n suppose_v that_o england_n with_o who_o they_o be_v then_o in_o war_n will_v be_v distress_v for_o want_n of_o sâ—â—n_n provision_n they_o publish_v a_o placart_n forbid_v all_o in_o general_a to_o import_n into_o england_n any_o the_o aforesaid_a material_n upon_o pain_n of_o confiscation_n thereof_o as_o be_v a_o relief_n to_o a_o enemy_n in_o thing_n they_o particular_o want_v for_o prosecute_a the_o war_n against_o they_o i_o inquire_v not_o here_o quo_fw-la jure_fw-la by_o what_o right_n the_o dutch_a do_v this_o and_o whether_o it_o be_v not_o a_o violation_n of_o the_o free_a commerce_n of_o neutral_a nation_n but_o i_o only_a instance_n in_o the_o fact_n as_o parallel_v with_o what_o the_o queen_n do_v nay_o the_o state_n do_v far_o more_o than_o what_o the_o queen_n do_v come_v to_o for_o they_o in_o the_o year_n 1599_o almost_o in_o the_o infancy_n of_o their_o republic_n publish_v a_o placart_n forbid_v all_o nation_n any_o commerce_n with_o spain_n not_o in_o this_o or_o that_o prohibit_v commodity_n but_o in_o all_o good_n and_o merchandize_n whatsoever_o amstol_n grot._n host_n de_fw-fr rebus_fw-la belg._n lib._n 8._o pag._n 372._o edâ—t_fw-la amstol_n vetant_fw-la populos_fw-la quescunque_fw-la â—llos_fw-la commeatur_fw-la resve_fw-la alius_fw-la in_o hispaniam_fw-la far_o they_o be_v the_o very_a word_n of_o grotius_n in_o his_o belgic_a annal_n the_o eight_o book_n this_o by_o the_o way_n â—â—ly_o if_o we_o consult_v the_o public_a treaty_n which_o have_v be_v betwixt_o england_n and_o other_o sovereign_n concern_v sâ—â—ps_n of_o war_n pass_v these_o sea_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o 〈…〉_o have_v be_v as_o follow_v the_o usual_a covenant_n be_v 〈◊〉_d have_v be_v that_o the_o ship_n of_o war_n of_o either_o side_n may_v 〈◊〉_d come_v into_o the_o road_n havens_n and_o river_n each_o of_o other_o provide_v they_o be_v not_o in_o such_o number_n as_o may_v occasion_v suspicion_n and_o therefore_o the_o number_n be_v ascertain_v and_o not_o to_o be_v exceed_v unless_o to_o avoid_v imminent_a danger_n and_o in_o such_o case_n notice_n to_o be_v give_v thereof_o for_o example_n in_o the_o treaty_n conclude_v at_o madrid_n in_o the_o year_n 1630_o betwixt_o charles_n the_o first_o of_o england_n and_z philip_z the_o four_o of_o spain_n which_o treaty_n be_v but_o a_o renewal_a of_o the_o former_a make_v with_o king_n james_n in_o the_o year_n 1604_o it_o be_v in_o the_o 9th_o article_n agree_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a to_o have_v access_n unto_o each_o other_o port_n with_o ship_n of_o war_n whether_o they_o shall_v arrive_v there_o either_o by_o force_n of_o tempest_n or_o for_o necessary_a repair_v or_o for_o provision_n of_o victual_n so_o they_o exceed_v not_o eight_o when_o they_o come_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n nor_o stay_v long_o than_o they_o shall_v have_v cause_n and_o when_o any_o great_a number_n shall_v have_v occasion_n of_o access_n they_o not_o to_o enter_v the_o port_n without_o the_o privity_n or_o consent_n of_o the_o king._n this_o be_v the_o form_n of_o all_o the_o treaty_n and_o article_n like_v to_o this_o have_v be_v agree_v betwixt_o england_n and_o france_n and_o england_n and_o helland_n but_o they_o be_v always_o reciprocal_a and_o as_o their_o ship_n of_o war_n be_v restrain_v from_o access_n to_o the_o english_a port_n so_o be_v the_o english_a from_o access_n to_o they_o in_o equal_a manner_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o the_o restraint_n be_v only_o from_o access_n to_o each_o other_o port_n but_o never_o any_o restraint_n of_o foreign_a ship_n of_o war_n from_o enter_v in_o what_o number_n they_o please_v the_o sea_n of_o england_n thus_o in_o the_o year_n 1639_o which_o be_v but_o nine_o year_n after_o the_o treaty_n aforemention_v at_o madrid_n a_o spanish_a fleet_n of_o above_o sixty_o sail_n equip_v for_o war_n enter_v the_o western_a channel_n without_o leave_n first_o ask_v bind_v for_o ostend_n to_o supply_v the_o spanish_a netherlands_o with_o man_n munition_n and_o other_o necessary_n and_o pass_v the_o channel_n to_o the_o height_n of_o
order_n to_o a_o rateable_a composition_n to_o be_v pay_v yearly_o into_o the_o chequer_n of_o england_n and_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o in_o the_o 12_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n an._n 1636_o publish_v another_o royal_a proclamation_n to_o the_o same_o tenor_n also_o by_o which_o act_n those_o two_o king_n keep_v up_o the_o continual_a claim_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n to_o a_o sole_a and_o appropriate_a fishery_n in_o the_o british_a sea_n and_o consequent_o to_o the_o sovereignty_n and_o dominion_n thereof_o but_o neither_o of_o those_o public_a edict_n obtain_v from_o any_o of_o our_o neighbour_n their_o due_a and_o just_a effect_n thus_o stand_v the_o case_n of_o the_o fishery_n and_o thus_o i_o have_v go_v over_o all_o the_o chief_a branch_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n fish_v the_o reasonableness_n of_o a_o limit_a fish_v and_o have_v faithful_o relate_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o how_o the_o practice_n be_v and_o have_v be_v betwixt_o we_o and_o our_o neighbour_n in_o reference_n to_o they_o all_o not_o so_o full_o indeed_o and_o ample_o as_o i_o may_v but_o sufficient_o to_o my_o purpose_n who_o design_v not_o a_o volume_n but_o a_o abstract_n there_o be_v still_o one_o thing_n behind_o concern_v the_o fishery_n which_o i_o shall_v mention_v and_o so_o conclude_v it_o be_v by_o way_n of_o temperament_n or_o relaxation_n and_o yet_o without_o renounce_v any_o thing_n it_o be_v a_o medium_n betwixt_o grasp_a at_o all_o and_o hold_v nothing_o it_o be_v what_o will_v great_o accommodate_v england_n if_o it_o can_v be_v obtain_v or_o if_o a_o proper_a season_n present_v for_o offer_v at_o it_o i_o say_v a_o season_n or_o fit_a conjuncture_n for_o what_o in_o natural_a philosophy_n among_o chemist_n be_v a_o just_a degree_n of_o heat_n necessary_a to_o the_o production_n of_o all_o great_a and_o admirable_a effect_n that_o in_o politic_n among_o statesman_n be_v a_o fit_a conjuncture_n the_o temperament_n or_o expedient_a which_o i_o mean_v be_v brief_o this_o a_o limit_a fish_n not_o a_o license_v but_o a_o limit_a one_o without_o licence_n this_o have_v both_o a_o foundation_n of_o solid_a reason_n to_o support_v it_o and_o be_v back_v also_o with_o precedent_n and_o authority_n sufficient_a to_o vindicate_v it_o from_o the_o imputation_n of_o a_o new_a project_n the_o reasonableness_n of_o it_o may_v be_v thus_o show_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o any_o sea_n and_o the_o right_n of_o the_o sole_a fish_n in_o it_o be_v so_o intimate_o connex_v yea_o so_o coessential_a one_o to_o the_o other_o that_o he_o who_o controvert_n the_o one_o will_v infallible_o dispute_v and_o opiniastre_n the_o other_o but_o he_o who_o acknowledge_v one_o of_o they_o will_v by_o a_o necessary_a consequence_n yield_v both_o and_o yet_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n undoubted_a and_o never_o bring_v into_o question_n by_o any_o but_o that_o every_o prince_n who_o country_n adjoin_v to_o the_o sea_n and_o who_o shore_n be_v indent_v with_o bay_n creek_n havens_n and_o river_n have_v some_o portion_n of_o the_o sea_n belong_v to_o he_o in_o property_n as_o a_o accession_n of_o the_o land_n or_o appendant_a to_o it_o or_o rather_o incorporate_v with_o it_o like_o vein_n and_o artery_n integral_a part_n of_o the_o same_o body_n the_o forementioned_a king_n james_n 22._o vâ—dâ—sis_fw-la mar._n claus_n l._n 2._o cap._n 22._o in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n an._n 1604_o cause_v a_o sea-chart_n to_o be_v publish_v describe_v all_o the_o coast_n round_a england_n by_o straight_a line_n draw_v from_o one_o promontory_n or_o foreland_n to_o another_o and_o all_o that_o be_v intercept_v and_o include_v within_o those_o line_n be_v call_v the_o king_n chamber_n and_o royal_a port_n and_o in_o the_o proclamation_n publish_v the_o same_o time_n and_o which_o refer_v to_o the_o say_a sea-chart_n they_o be_v call_v the_o place_n of_o the_o king_n dominion_n and_o jurisdiction_n and_o all_o hostility_n betwixt_o foreigner_n in_o war_n one_o with_o another_o but_o in_o amity_n with_o england_n forbid_v within_o those_o precinct_n our_o law_n also_o make_v a_o considerable_a difference_n betwixt_o havens_n rivers_n creek_n and_o bay_n and_o the_o altum_fw-la mare_fw-la or_o high_a sea_n for_o the_o first_o be_v reckon_v infra_fw-la corpus_fw-la comitatus_fw-la as_o the_o law-phrase_n be_v part_n and_o member_n of_o the_o county_n of_o england_n and_o all_o plea_n of_o contract_n and_o other_o thing_n do_v there_o be_v triable_a by_o verdict_n and_o determinable_a at_o common_a law._n 22._o v._o co._n jurisd_v of_o court_n cap._n 22._o but_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n hold_v plea_n and_o conusance_n of_o all_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o high_a sea_n as_o be_v out_o of_o the_o body_n of_o any_o county_n and_o consequent_o from_o whence_o no_o jury_n can_v be_v return_v for_o trial_n of_o issue_n if_o there_o be_v no_o certain_a standard_n in_o nature_n whereby_o to_o ascertain_v the_o precise_a boundary_n of_o that_o peculiar_a marine_a territory_n i_o be_o now_o speak_v to_o which_o belong_v to_o every_o prince_n in_o right_n of_o his_o land_n yet_o by_o treaty_n and_o agreement_n they_o may_v easy_o be_v reduce_v to_o certainty_n for_o as_o to_o the_o judgement_n and_o opinion_n of_o private_a person_n we_o can_v fetch_v from_o thence_o any_o true_a measure_n for_o though_o they_o all_o agree_v unanimous_o that_o there_o be_v something_o due_a of_o right_n yet_o they_o vary_v in_o the_o quantum_fw-la or_o how_o much_o dom._n bald._n ad_fw-la l._n de_fw-fr rer_fw-fr dom._n baldus_n reckon_v one_o hundred_o mile_n at_o sea_n as_o the_o district_n of_o the_o adjacent_a land._n bodin_n affirm_v it_o for_o a_o receive_a law_n among_o nation_n that_o the_o prince_n 10._o bed._n de_fw-fr repub_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 10._o who_o country_n abut_v upon_o the_o sea_n shall_v have_v sixty_o miles_n jurisdiction_n from_o the_o shore_n and_o that_o it_o be_v so_o adjudge_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n another_o doctor_n will_v tell_v we_o that_o so_o much_o of_o the_o sea_n appertain_v to_o the_o land_n as_o far_o as_o a_o man_n can_v see_v from_o shore_n in_o a_o fair_a day_n but_o this_o will_v not_o serve_v our_o turn_n for_o if_o a_o man_n may_v see_v from_o dover_n to_o calais_n i_o suppose_v the_o like_a may_v be_v do_v from_o calais_n to_o dover_n and_o who_o shall_v the_o sea_n be_v betwixt_o therefore_o the_o sure_a way_n be_v to_o prescribe_v the_o limit_n of_o fish_v betwixt_o neighbour_a nation_n by_o contract_n and_o not_o by_o the_o less_o certain_a measure_n of_o territory_n for_o if_o no_o bound_n be_v fix_v how_o many_o inconvenience_n and_o what_o a_o licentious_a extravagance_n may_v such_o a_o liberty_n run_v into_o why_o may_v not_o the_o dutch_a as_o former_o they_o have_v do_v dredge_n for_o oyster_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o essex_n within_o the_o fishery_n of_o private_a person_n and_o within_o stream_n and_o water_n appertain_v to_o particular_a manor_n by_o grant_n from_o the_o crown_n why_o may_v they_o not_o fish_n within_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o thames_n or_o within_o our_o creek_n havens_n and_o river_n as_o far_o as_o salt_n water_n flow_v or_o to_o the_o first_o bridge_n if_o they_o will_v please_v to_o stop_v there_o be_v it_o reasonable_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o distinction_n as_o to_o fish_n betwixt_o native_a and_o alien_a why_o then_o do_v they_o challenge_v to_o themselves_o those_o small_a sea_n and_o inlet_n within_o the_o vly_n and_o texel_n and_o all_o other_o stream_n which_o break_v in_o at_o a_o straight_a neck_n or_o isthmus_n of_o land_n form_n peninsula_n of_o water_n and_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o stand_a lake_n be_v enclose_v within_o the_o bank_n of_o those_o low-countries_n the_o state_n there_o farm_v out_o the_o fish_n of_o the_o south_n sea_n or_o zuyder_n and_o other_o stream_n to_o their_o own_o people_n and_o subject_n under_o the_o reservation_n of_o a_o yearly_o rend_v to_o be_v pay_v therefore_o and_o consequent_o exclude_v all_o other_o from_o it_o i_o hint_n these_o thing_n only_o to_o show_v the_o reasonableness_n of_o a_o limit_a fish_v and_o as_o to_o the_o authority_n by_o which_o it_o be_v strengthen_v i_o shall_v touch_v upon_o they_o also_o it_o be_v ancient_o covenant_v betwixt_o the_o crown_n of_o scotland_n and_o the_o netherlands_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o fish_v within_o fourscore_o mile_n from_o the_o scottish_a shore_n my_o author_n be_v welwood_n a_o scotch_a lawyer_n in_o a_o little_a tract_n of_o his_o which_o i_o have_v read_v de_fw-fr dominio_fw-la maris_fw-la in_o the_o three_o chapter_n his_o word_n be_v non_fw-la possum_fw-la praeterire_fw-la quod_fw-la ante_fw-la saeculum_fw-la hoc_fw-la post_fw-la cruentissimam_fw-la ex_fw-la occasionibus_fw-la maritimis_fw-la discordiam_fw-la inter_fw-la scotos_fw-gr batavosque_fw-la res_fw-la in_o hunc_fw-la modum_fw-la compâ—sita_fw-la fuit_fw-la