Carteret Lord Carteret John Bennet Lord Ossulston George Legg Lord Dartmouth Giles Allington Lord Allington John Stawell Lord Stawell Francis North Lord Guilford â—idney Godolphin Lord Godolphin â—lenry Jermin Lord Dover â—ohn Jeffreys Lord Jeffreys â—enry Waldegrave Lord Waldegrave â—dward Griffin Lord Griffin Hugh Cholmondley Lord Cholmondley John Ashburnham Lord Ashburnham Archbishops 2 and Bishops 24. Dr. William Sandcroft Lord Archbishop of Canterbury Dr. Thomas Lampleugh Lord Archbishop of York Dr. Henry Compton L. Bishop of London Dr. Nathaniel Crew L. Bishop of Durham Dr. Peter Mew L. Bishop of Winchester Dr. Herbert Crofts L. Bishop of Hereford Dr. Thomas Wood L. Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry Dr. William Lloyd L. Bishop of Norwich Dr. Thomas Barlow L. Bishop of Lincoln Dr. William Beau L. Bishop of Landaff Dr. William Lloyd L. Bishop of S. Asaph Dr. Robert Frampton L. Bishop of Glocester Dr. Francis Turner L. Bishop of Ely Dr. Thomas Smith L. Bishop of Carlisle Dr. Thomas Sprat L. Bishop of Rochester Dr. Thomas Ken L. Bishop of Bath and Wells Dr. Thomas White L. Bishop of Peterborough * Dr. Jonathan Trelawney L. Bishop of Exeter Dr. Thomas Watson L. Bishop of S. Davids * Dr. Gilbert Burnet L. Bishop of Salisbury * Dr. Humphry Humphrys L. Bishop of Bangor * Dr. Nicholas Stratford L. Bishop of Chester * Dr. Edward Stillingfleet L. Bishop of Worcester * Dr. Simon Patrick L. Bishop of Chichester * Dr. Gilbert Ironside L. Bishop of Bristol * Dr. John Hough L. Bishop of Oxford 1. Note That the Lord President of the Council takes place of all Dukes not of the Royal Bloud 2. That the Lord Great Chamberlain of England the Lord Steward of the Kings Houshold and the Lord Chamberlain of the Houshold take place above all of their Degree 3. That the Archbishop of Canterbury takes place next to the Princes of the Blood and above all the Nobility and Great Officers The Archbishop of York above all the Nobility and Great Officers except the Lord Keeper and the rest of the Bishops next after the Viscounts and above the Temporal Barons Whereof the Bishops of London Durham and Winchester do always precede the other Bishops the rest taking place according to the Seniority of their Consecrations A True List of the Knights Citizens and Burgesses of the Parliament at Westminster in October 1690. Bedfordshire 4. THE Honourable Edward Russel Esq Thomas Browne Esq Town of Bedford Thom. Hillersdon Esq Thom. Christie Esq Berks 9. Sir Hen. Winchcombe Bar. Sir Humfrey Forster Bar. Borough of New-Windsor Sir Charles Porter Knt. William Adderly Esq Borough of Reading Sir William Rich Bar. Sir Henry Fane Kt of the Bath Borough of Wallingford William Jennens Esq John Wallis Esq Borough of Abington Simon Harcourt Esq Bucks 14. The Right Honourable Tho. Wharton Esq The Right Honourable Rich. Hambden Esq Town of Buckingham Sir Richard Temple Knight and Baronet Alexander Denton Esq Borough of Chipping-Wicomb William Jephson Esq Thom Lewes Jun. Esq Porough of Ayliâ—bury Sir Thomas Lee Bar. Thomas Lee Esq Borough of Agmondesham Will. Mountague Esq Edmond Waller of Beconsfield Esq Borough of Wendover Richard Beake Esq John Backwell Esq Borough of Great Marlow James Chase Esq Sir Will. Whitelocke Knt. Cambridge 6. Sir Levinus Bennet Bar. Sir Robert Cotton Knt. University of Cambridge Sir Robert Sawyer Kt. The Honourable Edward Finch Esq Town of Cambridge Sir John Cotton Bar. Granado Pigott Esq Chester 4. Sir John Mainwaring Bar. Sir Robert Cotton Kt. and Bar. City of Chester Sir Thomas Grosvenor Bar. Richard Leving Esq Cornwal 44. The Honourable Francis Robert Esq The Right Honourable Hugh Boscowen Esq Borough of Dunhivid alias Launceston The Right Honourable Will. Harbord Esq The Honourable Bernard Granville Esq Borough of Leskard Sir Bourchier Wray Kt. of the Bath and Bar. Emanuel Pyper Esq Brough of Lestwithiel Sir Bevill Grenville Kt. Walter Kendall Esq Borough of Truro Sir Henry Ashurst Bar. Henry Vincent Esq Borough of Bodmin Sir John Cutler Kt. and Bar. Nicholas Glynn Esq Borough of Helston Sir John St. Aubin Bar. Charles Godolphin Esq Borough of Saltash Sir John Carew Bar. Richard Carew Esq Borough of Camelford Ambrose Manaton Esq Henry Manaton Esq Borough of Port-Higham alias Westlow Edward Sevmour Esq Jonathan Trelawny Es Borough of Grampound John Tanner Esq Walter Vincent Esq Borough of Eastlow Charles Trelawny Esq Henry Trelawny Esq Borough of Peryn Sidney Godolphin Esq Alexander Pendarvi Esq Borough of Tregony Sir John Tremaine Kt. Serjeant at Law Hugh Fortescue Esq Borough of Bossiny Samuel Travers Esq Sir Peter Colleton Bar. Borough of St. Ives James Praed Esq William Harris Esq Borough of Foway Jonathan Rashleigh Esq Shadrach Vincent Esq Borough of St. Germans Daniel Elliot Esq Henry Fleming Esq Borough of St. Michael Francis Scobell Esq Humph. Courtney Esq Borough of Newport The Right Honourable Charles Lord Cheyne John Speccot Esq Borough of St. Maws Sir Joseph Tredenham Kt. John Tredenham Esq Borough of Kellington Francis Fulford Esq Cumberland 6. Sir George Fletcher Bar. Sir John Lowther of Whitehaven Bar. City of Carlisle Jeremiah Bubb Esq Christopher Musgrave Esq Borough of Cocker-mouth Sir Orlando Gee Kt. Sir Wilfred Lawson Bar. Derby 4. Sir Gilbert Clarke Kt. Henry Gilbert Esq Town of Derby The Honourable Anchitel Gray Esq Robert Wilmot Esq Devonshire 26. Francis Courtney Esq Samuel Rolle Esq City of Exeter Sir Edward Seymour Bar. Christopher Bale Esq Borough of Tornes Sir John Powell Bar. Henry Seymour Esq Borough of Plimouth The Honourable John Greenville Esq Borough of Oakhampton William Cary Esq Henry Nortleigh Esq Borough of Branstable The Right Honourable Sir George Hutchins Kt. Arth. Champneys Esq Borough of Plimpton Sir George Treby Kt. John Pollexsen Esq Borough of Honiton Sir William Drake Kt. and Bar. Sir Walter Yonge Bar. Borough of Tavistock The Honourable Robert Russel Esq Sir Francis Drake Bar Borough of Ashburton Sir Richard Reynel Kt. and Bar. William Stawell Esq Borough of Clifton Dartmouth and Hardness Sir Joseph Herne Kt. William Hayne Esq Borough of Beralston Sir Francis Drake Bar. John Swinfen Esq Borough of Tiverton Samuel Foote Esq Thomas Bere Esq Dorsetshire 20. Thomas Strangeways Esq Thomas Freke Esq Town of Pole Sir Nathaniel Napier Kt. and Bar. Sir John Trenchard Kt. Borough of Dorchester Sir Robert Nappier Kt. and Bar. James Gould Esq Borough of Lime Regis Henry Henley Esq John Burridge Esq Borough of Weymouth Sir John Morton Bar. Michal Harvey Esq Borough of Melcomb Regis Henry Henning Esq Nicholas Gould Esq Borough of Bridport John Michel Esq Sir Stephen Evance Kt. Borough of Snafton alias Shaftsbury Sir Matthew Andrews Kt. Edward Nicholas Esq Borough of Wareham Thomas Erle Esq William Okeden Esq Borough of Corf-Castle Richard Fownes Esq William Culliford Esq Durham 4. Sir Robert Eden Bar. William Lambton Esq City of Durham William Tempest Esq George Morland Esq Essex 8. Henry Mildmay Esq Sir Fran. Masham Bar. Borough of Colchester Samuel Reynolds Esq Edward Cary Esq Borough
Clayton Kt. Borough of Rygate Sir John Parsons Kt. John Parsons Esq Borough of â—uilford Morgan Randyll Esq Foot Onslow Esq Borough of Gatton Sir John Thompson Bar. Thomas Turgis Esq Borough of Haslemere Geo. Rodeney Bridges Esq Denzill Onslow Esq Susser 20. Sir John Pelham Bar. Sir Will. Thomas Bar. City of Chichester Sir Thomas Miller Kt. Thomas May Esq Borough of Horsham John Machell Esq Thomas White Jun. Gent. Borough of Midhurst Sir William Morley Knight of the Bath John Lewkner Esq Borough of Lewes Thomas Pelham Esq Richard Bridger Esq Borough of Shoreham Sir Edward Hungerford Knight of the Bath John Pery Esq Borough of Bramber Nicholas Barbon Esq Dr. John Radcliffe Borough of Steyning Sir John Fagge Bar. Robert Fagge Esq Borough of East-Greensted The Honourable Thomas Sackvile Esq Sir Thomas Dyke Bar. Borough of Arundel William Morley Esq James Butler Esq Warwickshire 6. William Bromely Esq Andrew Archer Esq City of Coventry Richard Hopkins Esq John Stratford Esq Borough of Warwick The Right Honourable William Lord Digby William Colemore Esq Westmorland 4. The Right Honourable Sir John Lowther of Lowther Bar. Sir Christopher Musgrave of Musgrave Kt. and Bar. Borough of Appleby The Honourable William Cheyne Esq Charles Boyle Esq Wilthshire 34. The Right Honourable Edw. Viscount Cornbury Sir Walter S. John Bar. City of New Sarum Thomas Hoby Esq Thomas Pitt Esq Borough of Wilton Sir Richard Grubham How Kt. and Bar. Thomas Windham Esq Borough of Downton Sir Charles Raleigh Kt. Maurice Bockland Esq Borough of Hindon Robert Hide Esq Thomas Chaffyn Esq Borough of Westbury The Honourable Peregrine Bertie Esq Richard Lewys Esq Borough of Hytesbury William Ash Esq Will. Trenchard Esq Borough of Calne Henry Baynton Esq Henry Chivers Esq Borough of the Devizes Sir Tho. Fowles Kt. Walter Grubb Esq Borough of Chipenham Richard Kent Esq Alexander Popham Esq Borough of Malmesbury The Honourable Goodwin Wharton Esq Sir James Long Bar. Borough of Criclade Edmund Webb Esq Charles Fox Esq Borough of Great Bedwin The Right Honourable Anth. Viscount Falkland Sir Jonath Raymond Kt. Borough of Ludgersale Thomas Neale Esq John Deane Esq Borough of Old Sarum Sir Thomas Mompesson Kt. William Harvey Esq Borough of Wootton-Basset Henry St. John Esq John Wildman Jun. Esq Borough of Marlborough Sir John Ernle Kt. Sir George Willoughby Kt. Worcestershire 9. Sir John Packington Kt. Thomas Foley Esq City of Worcester Sir John Somers Kt. William Bromely Esq Borough of Droitwich The Right Honourableâ— Richard Earl of Bellemont â—hilip Foley Esq Borough of Evesham Sir James Rushout Bar. Edward Rudge Esq Borough of Bewdley Henry Herbert Esq Yorkshire 30. The Right Honourable Thomas Lord Fairfax Sir Joyn Kay Bar. City of York Robert Waller Esq Henry Thompson Esq Town of Kingston upon Hull John Ramsden Esq Charles Osborne Esq Borough of Knaresborough William Stockdale Esq Thomas Fawkes Esq Borough of Scareborough Will. Thompson Esq Francis Thompson Esq Borough of Rippon Sir Edm. Jenings Kt. Sir Jonath Jenings Kt. Borough of Richmond Sir Mark Milbanck Bar. Theodore Bathurst Esq Borough of Heydon Henry Guy Esq Matth. Appleyard Esq Borough of Boroughbrig Sir Henry Goodrick Kt. and Bar. Sir Bryan Stapleton Borough of Malton Sir William Strickland Bar. William Palmes Esq Borough of Thriske Thomas Frankland Esq Richard Staines Esq Borough of Aldborough Sir Mich. Wentworth Kt. Christopher Tancred Esq Borough of Beverly Sir Michael Wharton Kt. William Gee Esq Borough of North-Allerton Sir William Robinson Bar. Thomas Lascells Esq Borough of Pontefract The Honourable Henry Dawney Esq Sir John Bland Bar. BARONS of the Cinque-Ports 16. Port of Hastings The Honourable John Beaumont Esq Peter Gott Esq Town of Winchelsea Sir Robert Austin Bar. Samuel Western Esq Town of Rye Sir John Austen Bar. Sir John Darrel Kt. Port of New Rumney Sir Charles Sidley Kt. John Brewer Esq Port of Hythe Sir Philip Butler Bar. Will. Brockman Esq Port of Dover Thomas Papillon Esq James Chadwick Esq Port of Sandwich John Thurbarne Serjeant at Law Edward Brent Esq Port of Seaford William Campion Esq Henry Pelham Esq WALES 24. Anglesey 2. The Right Honourable Rich. Viscount Bulkely Town of Beaumaris Thomas Bulkely Esq Brecon 2. Sir Rowland Gwyn Kt. Town of Brecon Jeossery Jeffreys Esq Cardigan 2. Sir Carbety Price Bar. Town of Cardigan Hector Philips Esq Carmarthen 2. Sir Rice Rudd Bar. Town of Carmarthen Richard Vaughan Esq Carnarvan 2. Sir Wil. Williams of Vaynal Bar. Town of Carnarvan Sir Robert Owen Kt. Denby 2. Sir Richard Middleton Bar. Town of Denby Edward Brereton Esq Flint 2. Sir Roger Puleston Kt. Town of Flint Thomas Whitley Esq Glamorgan 2. Bussey Mansel Esq Town of Cardiffe Thomas Mansell Esq Merioneth 1. Sir John Wynne Kt. and Bar. Montgomery 2. Edward Vaughan Esq Town of Montgomery Charles Herbert Esq Pembroke 3. Sir Hugh Owen Kt. Town of Haverford-west Sir William Wogan Kt. Town of Pembroke Arthur Owen Esq Radnor 2. Richard Williams Esq Town of New Radnor Robert Harley Esq In all 513. A List of the Lords and others of His Majesties most Honourable Privy Council with the Clerks of the Council HIS Royal Highness Prince George Thomas Marquess of Camarthen Lord President Henry Duke of Norfolk Earl Marshal Charles Duke of Bolton Robert Earl of Lindsey Lord Great Chamberlain of England William Earl of Devonshire Lord Steward Charles Earl of Dorset Lord Chamberlain Aubrey Earl of Oxford William Earl of Bedford Thomas Earl of Pembroke and Montgomery John Earl of Bath Charles Earl of Macclesfield Daniel Earl of Nottingham Secretary of State William Earl of Portland Thomas Earl of Faulconberg Charles Earl of Monmouth John Earl of Marlborough Richard Earl of Scarborough Henry Earl of Warrington Ralph Earl of Montague Henry Viscount Sidney Henry Lord Bishop of London Francis Lord Newport Marquess of Winchester Lord Chief Justice Holt. Sir Robert Howard Sir Henry Capel Sir Henry Goodrick Sir John Lowther Vice-Chamberlain Richard Hampden Esq Hugh Boscawen Esq Thomas Wharton Esq Comptroller of the King's Houshold Edward Russel Esq William Harbord Esq Henry Powle Esq Master of the Rolls Lords Commissioners of the Privy Seal William Cheyne Esq Sir John Knatchbull Bar. Sir William Palteney Kt. The Clerks of the Council Sir John Nicholas Kt. Mr. Blathwait Mr. Mountague Mr. Coleing A List of the Lords Commissioners and other Officers of the Court of Chancery The Lords Commissioners Sir John Trevor Knight Sir William Rawlinson Knight Sir Geo. Hutchins Knight Masters of Chancery Henry Powle Esq Master of the Rolls whose Sâ—cretary is Mr. John Rawlinson Sir William Child Sir John Hoskins Sir John Franklyn Sir Adam Oatley Sir Robert Legar Sir John Edgeburg Sir James Astrey Sir Miles Cook Roger Meredith Esq John Methwyn Esq Samuel Keck Esq The Six Clerks in Chancery Sir Rob. Marsham Kt. Sir W. Perkins Kr. â—hem Bridges Esq Littleton Powel Esq Rich. Garth Esq Basil Herne Esq The Cursitors Mr. Abraham Nelson Principal Mr. Mich. Terry Assistants Mr. Geo. Davies Assistants For Suffolk and
of Maldon Sir Thomas Darcy Bar. Charles Mountague Es Borough of Harwich The Right Honourable Charles Lord Chyne Sir Thomas Middleton Kt. Glocestershire 8. Sir John Guise Bar. Sir Ralph Dutton Bar. City of Glocester William Cooke Esq William Try Esq Borough of Cirencester The Right Honourable Henry Powle Esq Richard Howe Esq Borough of Tewksbury Rich. Dowdeswell Esq The Right Honourable Sir Henry Capell Kt. Herefordshire 8. Sir John Morgan Bar. Sir Herbert Croft Bar. City of Hereford Paul Foley Esq Henry Cornwall Esq Borough of Lempster Tho. Conyngesby Esq John Dutton Colt Esq Borough of Weobly John Birch Esq Robert Price Esq Hertfordshire 6. Sir Tho. Pope Blount Bar. Ralph Freeman Esq Borough of St. Albans Sir Samuel Grimston Bar. George Churchill Esq Borough of Hertford Sir Will. Cowper Bar. Sir Will. Leman Bar. Huntingtonshire 4 The Honourable Robert Mountague Esq John Driden Esq Borough of Huntington The Honourable Sidney Wortly alias Mountague Esq The Honourable Richard Mountague Esq Kent 10. The Honourable Sir Vere Fane Knight of the Bath Sir John Knatchbull Bar. City of Canterbury Sir William Honywood Bar. Henry Lee Esq City of Rochester Sir Joseph Williamson Kt. Francis Clarke Esq Borough of Maidston Sir Tho. Taylor Bar. Thomas Ryder Esq Borough of Queenborough Sir John Bankes Bar. Robert Crawford Esq Lancashire 14. The Right Honourable Charles Lord Brandon Gerrard The Honourable James Stanley Borough of Lancaster Roger Kirby Esq Thomas Preston Esq Borough of Preston in Amounderness Christopher Greenfeild Esq Borough of Newton The Honourable George Cholmondely Esq Sir John Chichley Kt. Borough of Wiggaâ—â— Sir Rich. Standish Kt. Peter Shakerly Esq Borough of Clitheroe Anthony Parker Esq Roger Kenyon Esq Borough of Leverpool The Kight Honourable Richard Lord Colchester Tho. Norris of Speak Esq Leicester 4. The Right Honourable Bennet Lord Sherrard Sir Thomas Hesilridge Bar. Borough of Leicester Sir Edward Abney Kt. Lawrence Carter Esq Lincoln 12. The Right Honourable George Viscount Castleton Sir Tho. Hussey Bar. City of Lincoln Sir John Bolles Bar. Sir Edw. Hussey Bar. Borough of Boston Peregrine Berty Esq Sir William Yorke Kt. Borough of Great Grimsby Sir Edw. Ayscogh Kt. John Chaplin Esq Town of Stamford The Honourable Charles Bertie Esq William Hyde Esq Borough of Grantham Sir John Brownlowe Bar. Sir William Ellis Bar. Middlesex 8. Sir Char. Gerrard Bar. Ralph Hawtery Esq City of Westminster Sir Will. Poultney Kt. Sir Walter Clarges Bar. London Sir Will. Pritchard Kt. Sir Sam. Dashwood Kt. Sir Will. Turner Kt. Sir Tho. Vernon Kt. Monmouth 3 The Right Honourable Charles Lord Marquess of Worcester Thomas Morgan Esq Borough of Monmouth Sir Charles Kemeys Kt. Norfolk 12. Sir Jacob Astley Kt. and Baronet Sir William Cooke Bar. City of Norwich Thomas Blofeild Esq Hugh Bokenham Esq Town of Lyn Regis Sir John Turner Kt. Daniel Bedingfeild Esq Town of Great Yarmouth George England Esq Samuel Fuâ—ler Esq Borough of Thetford Baptist May Esq Sir Francis Guybon Kt. Borough of Castlerising Right Honourable Sir Robert Howard Kt. Robert Walpole Esq Northampton 9. Sir St. Andrew St. John Bar. John Parkhurst Esq City of Peterborough Will. Brownlowe Esq Gilbert Dolben Esq Town of Northampton Sir Tho. Samuel Bar. Sir William Langham Kt. Town of Brackley The Honourable Sir William Egerton Knight of the Bath John Blencowe Sergeant at Law Borough of Higham-Ferrers Thomas Andrews Esq Northumberland 8. William Forster Esq Philip Bickerstaff Esq Town of Newcastle upon Tine Sir Ralph Carr Kt. William Carr Esq Borough of Morpeth The Right Honourable Charles Lerd Morpeth Roger Fenwick Esq Town of Berwick upon Tweed Sir Francis Blake Kt. â—amuel Ogle Esq Nottingham 8. Sir Scroop How Kt. Will. Sacheverel Esq Town of Nottingham Char. Hutchinson Esq Richard Slater Esq Borough of Eastretford John Thornehagh Esq Town of Newark upon Trent The Right Honourable William Lord Eland The Honourable Nicholas Sanderson Esq Oxon 9. The Right Honourable Mountague Lord. Norreys Sir Robert Jenkinson Bar. University of Oxon. The Honourable Heneage Finch Esq Sir Tho. Clerges Kt. City of Oxon. The Honourable Henry Bertie Esq Sir Edw. Norreys Kt. Borough of New-Woodstock Sir Tho. Littleton Bar. Thomas Wheate Esq Borough of Banbury Sir Robert Dashwood Kt. and Bar. Rutland 2. Sir Tho. Mackworth Bar. Bennet Sherrard Esq Salop 12. The Honourable Richard Newport Esq Edward-Kynaston of Oately Esq Town of Salop. The Honourable Andrew Newport Esq Richard Mitton Esq Borough of Bruges alias Bridgenorth Sir William Whitmore Bar. Sir Edward Acton Bar. Borough of Ludlow Thomas Hanmer Esq William Gower Esq Borough of Wenlock Sir Will. Forester Kt. George Weld Esq Town of Bishops-Castle William Oakeley Esq Somerset 18. Sir Edward Phillips Kt. Nathaniel Palmer Esq City of Bristol Sir Richard Hart Kt. Sir John Knight Kt. City of Bath Sir William Basset Kt. Joseph Langton Esq City of Wells Edward Barkeley Esq Hopton Wyndham Esq Borough of Taunton John Speke Esq Edward Clark Esq Borough of Bridgwater Sir Francis Warr Bar. Henry Bull Esq Borough of Minehead Borough of Ilchester Sir Edw. Winham Bar. John Hunt Esq Borough of Milborn-Port Sir Thomas Travel Kt. Sir Charl. Carteret Kt. Southampton 26. The Right Honourable Charles Lord Marquess of Winchester Richard Norton Esq City of Winchester The Right Honourable William Lord Pawlet Frederick Tilney Esq Town of Southampton Sir Char. Windham Kt. Sir Benj. Newland Kt. Town of Portsmouth The Honourable Edward Russel Esq Nicholas Hedger Alderman Borough of Yarmouth The Right Honourable Sir John Trever Kt. Speaker Charles Duncombe Esq Borough of Petersfield Robert Michel Esq Richard Holt Esq Borough of Newport alias Medona Sir Robert Holmes Kt. Sir Will. Stephens Kt. Borough of Stockbridge Will. Mountague Esq Richard Whithed Esq Borough of Newtown The Right Honourable Richard Earl of Ranelagh Thomes Done Esq Borough of Christ-Church Francis Gwyn Esq William Ettrick Esq Borough of Whitchurch Henry Wallop Esq The Honourable James Russel Esq Borough of Lemington John Burrard Esq Thomas Dore Esq Borough of Andover The Honourable Francis Pawlet of Amport Esq John Pollen Esq Staffordshire 10. The Honourable John Grey Esq Walter Chetwind Esq City of Lichfield Robert Burdet Esq Richard Dyot Esq Borough of Stafford John Chetwind Esq Jonathan Cope Esq Borough of Newcastleunder Line Sir William Levison Gower Bar. Sir Thomas Bellot Bar. Borough of Tamworth Sir Henry Gough Kt. Michael Biddulph Esq Suffolk 16. Sir Samuel Barnardiston Bar. Sir Gervas Elwes Bar. Borough of Ipswich Sir John Barker Bar. Sir Charles Blois Bar. Borough of Dunwich Sir Robert Rich Kt. and Bar. Sir Philip Skippon Kt. Borough of Orford Thomas Glemham Esq Thomas Felton Esq Borough of Alborough Sir Henry Johnson Kt. William Johnson Esq Borough of Sodbury John Robinson Esq Borough of Eye Henry Poley Esq Thomas Davenant Esq Borough of St. Edmonsbury Sir Robert Davers Bar. Henry Goldwell Esq Surrey 14. Sir Rich. Onslow Bar. Sir Franc. Vincent Bar. Borough of Southwark Anthony Bower Esq John Arnold Esq Borough of Blechingly Thomas Howard Esq Sir Robert
1688. Henry Pollixfen Esq Lord Chief Justice of the Common-Pleas Knighted at Whitehall March 5th 1688. Charles Sidley Knighted at Whitehall March 12. 1688. Thomas Pilkington Esq Lord Mayor of London Knighted April 10th 1689. William Whitelock Esq of the Middle-Temple Knighted April 10th 1689. Robert Harrison Esq Knighted at Whitehall April 12. 1689. Captain John Ashby and Captain Clovesty Shovel both Knighted on Shipboard May 16th 1689. Charles Hedges of Doctors Commons London Judge of the Admiralty Knighted at Whitehall June 4th 1689. Edward Mosely of Huling in Lancashire Esq Knighted at Whitehall June 4th 2689. Ralph Box of London Esq Knighted at Whitehall Octob. 25th 1689. Christopher Lethulier and John Houblon Knighted at Whitehall Octob. 29th 1689. Edward Clerk Alderman and Francis Child Goldsmith Knighted at Whitehall Octob. 29th 1689. Nicholas Lechmere Esq One of the Barons of the Exchequer All four Knighted in the Bedchamber at Whitehall Oct. 31. 1689. Tho. Rokesby Esq One of the the Justices of the Common-Pleas All four Knighted in the Bedchamber at Whitehall Oct. 31. 1689. Giles Eyres Esq One of the Justices of the Kings-Bench All four Knighted in the Bedchamber at Whitehall Oct. 31. 1689. Peyton Ventris Esq one of the Justices of the Common-Pleas All four Knighted in the Bedchamber at Whitehall Oct. 31. 1689. John Turton Esq One of the Barons of the Exchequer All Knighted in the Bedchamber at Whitehall Oct. 29. 1689. George Hutchins Esq One of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury All Knighted in the Bedchamber at Whitehall Oct. 29. 1689. Will. Wogan Esq Their Majesties Serjeants at Law All Knighted in the Bedchamber at Whitehall Oct. 29. 1689. J. Tremain Esq Their Majesties Serjeants at Law All Knighted in the Bedchamber at Whitehall Oct. 29. 1689. W. Thompson Esq Their Majesties Serjeants at Law All Knighted in the Bedchamber at Whitehall Oct. 29. 1689. J. Trenchard Esq Their Majesties Serjeants at Law All Knighted in the Bedchamber at Whitehall Oct. 29. 1689. John Somers Esq their Majesties Sollicitor General All Knighted in the Bedchamber at Whitehall Oct. 29. 1689. James de Castillo Knighted at Whitehall Dec. 1. 1689. William Cranmer Merchant Knighted at Whitehall Dec. 14th 1689. Thomas Miller of Chichester Esq Knighted at Whitehall Dec. 23. 1659. Pury Cust of Stamford Esq Knighted at Whitehall April 10th 1690. William Hussey of London Merchant lately sent Embassador to Constantinople Knighted at Whitehall April 17th 1690. Joseph Herne of London Merchant Governor of the East-India Company Both Knighted at Kingsington Sept. 15th 1690. Thomas Cook of London Goldsmith Deputy-Governor of the said Company Both Knighted at Kingsington Sept. 15th 1690. George Meggot Esq of Horsey Down in Surrey Knighted at Kinsington Oct. 9th 1690. Stephen Evans of London Knighted at Kinsington Octob. 14th 1690. A List of the present Deans both in England and Wales S. Asaph Bangor Bristol Canterbury Carlisle Chester Chichester Christchurch in Oxford S. Davids Durham Ely Exeter Glocester Hereford Lichfield Lincoln Norwich S. Pauls London Peterborough Rochester Salisbury Wells Westminster Winchester Windsor and Woolverhampton Worcester York Dr. Bright Dr. Jones Dr. Levet Dr. Sharp Dr. Mr. Musgrave Dr. Ardern Dr. Hawkins Dr. Aldrich Dr. Ellis Dr. Greenvill Dr. Spencer Dr. Annesly Dr. Jane Dr. Benson Dr. Addison Dr. Brevint Dr. Fairfax Dr. Tillotson Dr. Kidder Dr. Ullock Dr. Pearce Dr. Bathurst Dr. Sprat Bp. of Rochester Dr. Meggot Dr. Haskard Dr. Hicks Dr. Wickham The Colledge of Civilians called Doctors Commons exercent in London DR George Oxinden Dean and Official Principal of the Arches-Court of Canterbury and Vicar General of the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury Sir Charles Hedges Kt. Dr. of Laws Judg of the High Court of Admiralty Master of the Faculties and Chancellor of the Diocese of Rochester Sir Richard Raines Kt. Dr. of Laws Judg of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury and Chancellor to the Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry Dr. Thomas Bourchier Commissary of the Diocese of Canterbury Dr. Watkinson Vicar-General to the Arch-Bishop of York Sir Thomas Pinfold His Majesties Advocate-General Chancellor to the Lord Bishop of Peterborough and Official to the Dean and Chapter of St. Pauls Dr. Edward Masters Chancellor to the Lord Bishop of Exeter Dr. William Oldys Their Majesties Advocate for the Office of Lord High Admiral of England and to the Lords of the Prizes and Chancellor of the Diocese of Lincoln Dr. Henry Falconbridge Chancellor to the Bishop of St. Davids Dr. Pepper Chancellor to the Bishop of Norwich Dr. Henry Newton Chancellor to the Bishop of London Dr. Henry Aileworth Chancellor to the Bishop of Oxford Sir Timothy Baldwin Chancellor to the Bishops of Hereford and Worcester Dr. Briggs Chancellor to the Bishop of Chichester The Honourable Mountague Batchelor of Laws Chancellor to the Bishop of Durham Dr. John Cook Chancelor to the Bishop of Ely Morley Batchelor of Laws Chancellor to the Bishop of Winchester Dr. Powel Chancellor to the Bishop of St Asaph Dr. Richard Parsons Chancellor to the Bishop of Glocester Dr. Henry Jones Chancellor to the Bishop of Landaff Dr. Nicholas Chancellor to the Bishop of Carlisle Dr. Baylie Chancellor to the Bishop of Bath and Wells Dr. Wainwright Chancellor to the Bishop of Chester Dr. Jones Chancellor to the Bishop of Bristol Dr. Pennington Chancellor to the Bishop of Bangor Chancellor to the Bishop of Salisbury Doctors of Laws Sir William Trumball Kt. late Ambassador at Constantinople Dr. John Edisbury Official to the Dean and Chapter of Westminster Dr. Joseph Taylor Dr. Charles Davenant Dr. Fisher Littleton Dr. John St. John Dr. George Brampston Dr. Stephen VValler Dr. Mathew Tindale Dr. John Conant Dr. Thomas Lane Dr. Richard Paget Dr. Philip Foster Dr. Bryan VValton Dr. John Harwood Dr. John Rudston Registers Thomas Oughton Gent. Register to the High Court of Delegates John Clements Esq Register of the Arches Court of Canterbury Thomas Smith Deputy Register Thomas Tillot Actuary of the same Orlando Gee Esq Register of the High Court of Admiralty Thomas Bedford Gent. Deputy Register John Cheek General Marshal Proctors of the Arches and in all other Courts Samuel Francklyn Esq Batchelor of the Laws Their Majesties Proctor-General Mr. Ralph Suckley Mr. Everard Exton Mr. Batchel of Laws Mr. VVilliam Cole Mr. John Hill Mr. Ric. Newcourt Mr. Thomas Smith Mr. Francis Nixon Mr. Godfrey Lee. Mr. Robert Chapman Mr. Thomas Tillot Mr. Thomas Swallow Mr. Peter Parret Mr. Thomas Rock Mr. Samuel Wiseman Mr. John Hungerford Mr. John Miller Mr. Thomas Shepard Mr. Keate VValler Mr. Edward Shaw Mr. John Lovell Mr. Richard Martin Mr. John Roberts Mr. Robert Bargrave Mr. John Tomlinson Mr. George Sayer Mr. Robert Constable Mr. Robert Peirson Mr. John Playdell Mr. John Chase Mr. Joseph Patten Mr. Goldsmith Mills Mr. Edward Cooke The Prerogative Office or Registry for the Prerogative Wills in the Arch-Bishoprick of Canterbury Register of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury Everard Exton Batchelor of Laws Deputy Register Mr. Thomas VVelham Clerks in the said Office Mr. Charles Pinfold
New Buckenham ly not far from Thetford to the Eastward Diss and Harleston on the Waveney Watton Windham Hingham Swafham and East-Derham do not ly far asunder about the middle of the County Further to the Northward you will find Repeham Caston Fakenham Walsingham Holt Aleâ—ham Worsted North Walsham and Hickling this last in a Marsh-Ground not far from the Sea Downham is upon the Ouse over which it has a Bridge leading into Cambridgeshire Snetham North of Lyn is seated on a bivuler not far from the Sea Burnham-Market and Cromere are two Sea-Towns in the North Parts of the County Between which is Clay another Sea-Town on three sides incompassed with Waters and once a Market Town but now discontinued And near it Wayborn-hope a noted Place amongst Seamen as is Winterton Ness or Point in the East which is very coldly seated And yet it is observed that the Ground about Winterton is one of the richest and fattest in England Among the aforesaid Towns Walsingham was formerly renowned as for its Colledge of Canons so for the continual Concourse of Pilgrims to this Place Who came hither to pay their Superstitious Devotion to the Blessed Virgin at a Chappel near the two Wells called to this day the Virgin Mary's Wells It was also a Place of note for its good Saffron Near Burnham-Market within 2 Miles from it to the Westward is a small Country-Town called Brancaster the Ruins of an ancient Town known by the Name of Branodunum Seated near the Sea-shore and a Place of good account in the time of the Romans who kept here a Garrison Not far from Hickling in the North-East Parts is the ancient decay'd Abbey of St. Bennet's in the Holme built by the Danish King Canute An Abbey so fortified afterwards by its Monks with Walls and Bulwarks that it seemed rather a Castle than a Cloyster and yet was betrayed by a Monk to William the Conqueror The Bishop of Norwich retains to this Day the Title of Lord Abbot of St. Bennets And it is observable that hereabouts both Cockles and Perwinkles are digged out of the Ground Lastly this County which is the largest in England next to Yorkshire but much more populous was Part of the Kingdom of the East-Angles in the time of the Heptarchy and its Inhabitants part of the Iceni as the Romans called them It is observed of the People in this County that they are notably industrious for Plough and Manufactures insomuch that one shall hardly see a Beggar throughout all the Country And yet which one would wonder at they are notable Wranglers and generally so well versed in the Quirks of the Law that they create more work for the Assizes than almost all the Circuit else Accordingly Norfolk is the County which commonly yields the best Breed of Lawyers and has furnished the Courts of Justice with many an emiment Man in the Laws of England But a great Antiquary has made another material Observation That in this County are a hundred Families of ancient Gentry that never were attainted of high Treason Which if it be true the Gentry here have had better fortune than the Dukes Dutchesses and Earls of Norfolk His Grace Henry Howard the present Duke of Norfolk derives his Title from his noble Ancestor John-Lord Howard created Duke of Norfolk by King Edward IV. Anno 1483 and descended from the Lady Margaret Dutchess of Norfolk Daughter of Tho. de Brotherton Earl of Norfolk first Son of King Edward I. Out of this County are elected besides the two Knights of the Shire ten Members of Parliament Viz. Two out of each of these following Places Norwich Kings I yn Yarmouth Thetford and Castle-rising Northamptonshire NORTHAMPTONSHIRE an Inland County is bounded on the East with the Counties of Cambridge Huntington Bedford and Buckingham on the West with Rutland Leicestershire and Warwickshire Northward with the Counties of Lincoln Rutland and Leicester Southward with Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire This County being long but narrow runs in Length from North to South ahout 50 miles and in Breadth from East to West but half The Whole divided into 20 Hundreds wherein 326 Parishes and 13 Market-Towns Here the Air is temperate and healthfull the Soil as rich either for Corn or Grass as in any Place in England And the Inhabitants find such a Profit here by Grazing and Tillage that they improve the Ground every where Insomuch that it is said there is less waste Ground in this County than in any other As for Rivers and other fresh Streams 't is as well watered as most Counties are It s principal Rivers are the Nen and the Weland both having their Rise here besides the Ouse which rises in the South Parts near Bucking hamshire A further Proof of the excellency of this County might be fetched from its Populousness For it is so garnished with Towns that in many Places 20 or 30 Steeples present themselves at one view And considering its Extent 't is said to be honoured with the Seats of as many if not more of the Nobility and Gentry as any County in the Kingdom Northampton the chief Place hereof ly's North-West from London and by common Computation is distant from it 54 miles thus From London to Barnet 10 thence to St. Allans 10 and to Dunstable 10 more from Dunstable to Stony Stratford 20 and to Northampton 10 more A Town pleasantly seated on the Banks of the River Nen where it meets with two Rivulets one from the North the other from the South And though it has suffered much by the sore hand of the Dane and other Calamities and of late particularly by the dreadfull Fire which buried it all in Ashes in September 1675 yet it has raised it self again more glorious than before So that for Circuit and Beauty it may at this time be ranked with many Cities Fortified heretofore with good Walls and a strong Castle and seated in so good an Air that once the Students of Cambridge had a mind to remove their University hither Here the Inhabitants drive a considerable Trade especially of Leather and its Market which is on Saturdays is well served with Provisions This Town is the Place where the County-Goal and the Assizes are kept Of special note for giving the Title of Earl to the Right Honourable George Compton the present Earl of Northampton Devolved to him from his noble Ancestor William Lord Compton and Lord President of Wales Created Earl of Northampton by King James I. Anno 1618. The other Market-Towns are Peterborough Sat. Oundle Sat. Higham-Ferrers Sat. Rothwell Mund. Thrapston Tue. Towcester Tue. King's Cliff Tue. Wellingborow Wed. Braâ—kley Wed. Daventry Wed. Kettering Frid. Bodkingham Among which Peterborough is seated in a Nook or Angle of the County bordering upon Cambridgeshire and Huntingtonshire where formerly had been a Gulf or Whirlpool of an exceeding depth 'T is seated on the River Nen over which it has a Bridge leading into Huntingtonshire A Town of no great account but for being a
absence to do whatever almost the Chancellour might do if he were present He keeps Judicial Courts wholly ruled by the Civil Law which all Members of the University are subject to And by Charter of Henry IV it is left to his Choice whether any Member in the University there inhabiting accused for Felony or High Treason shall be tried by the Laws of the Land or by the Laws and Customs of the University Though now where Life or Limb is concerned the Criminal is left to be tried by the Laws of the Land But in all Suits for Debts Accounts Contracts Injuries c. betwixt the Students he is the proper Judge and has Power to determine such Causes to Imprison to give corporal Punishment to excommunicate to suspend and to banish 'T is the Vice-Chancellor's Business to see that Sermons Lectures Disputations and other Exercises be performed that lewd people Hereticks c. be expelled the University and the Converse with Students that the Proctors and other Officers of the University duly perform their Duty that Courts be duly called and Law-Suits determined without delay In a word that whatever is for the Honour and Benefit of the University or may conduce to the Advancement of good Literature may be carefully obtained Next to the Vice-Chancellor are the two Proctors yearly chosen by turns out of the several Colledges These are to assist in the Government of the University more particularly in the business of Scholastick Exercises and taking Degrees in searching after and punishing all Violaters of Statutes or Priviledges of the University all Night-Walkers c. They have also the Oversight of Weights and Measures that Students may not be wronged Next in order is the Publick Orator Whose Charge is to write Letters according to the Orders of the Convocation or Congregation and at the Reception of any Prince or great Person that comes to see the University to make proper Harangues c. Then there is the Custos Archivorum or Keeper of Records Whose Duty is to collect and keep the Charters Priviledges and Records that concern the University to be always ready to produce them before the chief Officers and to plead the Rights and Priviledges of the University Lastly there is a Register of the Univerfity whose Office is to register all Transactions in Convocations Congregations Delegacies c. Besides the foresaid Officers there are certain publick Servants the chief whereof are the six Beadles and the Verger Three of the first are called Squire Beadles who carry large Maces of Silver gilt and the other three Yeomen Beadles whose Maces are of Silver but ungilt Their Office is always to wait on the Vice-Chancellor in publick doing what belongs to his Place and at his Command to seize any Delinquent and carry him to Prison to summon and publish the Calling of Courts or Convocations to conduct Preachers to Church and Lecturers to School c. But upon Solemnities the Verger appears with a Silver Rod in his hand and walking with the other six before the Vice-Chancellor is to observe his Commands and to wait on Grand Compounders c. I have already mentioned several great Priviledges granted by former Kings to this University That of sending two Burgesses to Parliament they hold from King James I. Another that no Victuals be taken by the King's Purveyors within 5 miles of Oxford unless the King himself comes thither is of a much more ancient Date But one of the most considerable is That granted by Charter of King Edward III whereby the Mayor of Oxford is to obey the Orders of the Vice-Chancellor and be in subjection to him Accordingly the Mayor with the chief Burgesses in Oxford and the High-Sheriff of Oxfordshire besides every Year in a solemn manner take an Oath given by the Vice-Chancellor to observe and conserve the Rights Priviledges and Liberties of the University of Oxford And every Year on the tenth of February being the Day of S. Scholastica a certain Number of the principal Burgesses publickly and solemnly do pay to each Colledge a Peny in token of their Submission to the Orders and Rights of the University Thus you have a short Description of Oxford as a City and an University My next Business is the Description of Cambridge Cambridge CAMBRIDGE the chief Town of Cambridgeshire and that from whence the Country is denominated bears from London North by East and is distant therefrom 44 miles thus From London to Waltham 12 to Ware 8 more thence to Puckeridge 5 to Barkway 7 and to Cambridge 12 more 'T is seated at the Confluence of two Rivers the Cam and the Grant which running from thence Northward in one Channel empty themselves in the Ouse 3 miles above Ely By these Rivers it is separated into two but unequal Parts but they have Communication by a Bridge It is a Place of a large Extent numbering 14 Parishes And according to Doctor Fuller's Observation in his Worthies of England 't is a Town within an University whereas Oxford is an University within a Town For in Cambridge the Colledges are not so surrounded with Streets as in Oxford but for the generality seated in the Skirts of the Town which afford them the better and more delightfull Walks and Gardens about them There are in Oxford as I said before 18 Indowed Colledges and 7 Halls In Cambridge there is but 12 Colledges and 4 Halls 'T is true they are all Indowed and generally so large that the Number of Students is commonly little different from that of Oxford The Names of them and of their Founders together with the Time of their Foundation you have in the following Table Colled Halls Founded by Anno. S. Peter's Colledge Hugh de Balsham Bishop of Ely 1284 Clare-Hall Rich. Badow Chanc. of the University 1326 Pembroke-Hall Mary S. Paul 1343 Gonvile Cajus Edmund de Gonvile and Cajus 1348 Trinity-Had Wil. Bateman Bishop of Norwich 1350 Corpus Christi H. of Monmouth D. of Lancaster 1351 King's Colledge King Henry VI. 1441 Queen's Colledge Margaret Wife to King Henry VI. 1448 Catharine Hall Robert Wood Lord Chancellor of the University 1475 Jesus Colledge John Alcock Chanc. of England 1496 Christs Colled S. John's Coll. Margaret Countess of Richmond 1505 Christs Colled S. John's Coll. Margaret Countess of Richmond 1508 Magdalen Coll. Tho. Audley Chanc. of England 1519 Trinity Colledge King Henry VIII 1546 Emanuel Colledge Sir Walter Mildmay Chancellor of the Exchequer 1582 Sidney and Sussex Francis Sidney Chancellor of Sussex 1598 The Degrees at Cambridge are usually taken as at Oxford except in Law and Physick For at Cambridge six Years after one has taken the Degree of Master of Art one may take the Degree of Batchelor and after five Years more that of Doctor The Batchelors of Arts compleat their Degree in Lent beginning at Ash-Wednesday And the first Tuesday of July is always Dies Comitiorum there called the Commencement wherein the Masters of Arts and the Doctors of all Faculties compleat
Pugnae est ubi Victus gaudet uterque Et tamen alteruter se superasse dolet For Men of other Studies Lindwood the Canonist Cosins and Cowel eminent in the Civil Laws Bracton Briton Dier and Coke as eminent for their Knowledge in the Laws of England Johannes de Sacro Bosco the Author of the Book of the Sphere Roger Bacon a noted Mathematician in the darker Times The Lord Bacon Viscount of S. Albans Sir Thomas More Lord Chancellour one of the Restorers of Learning to the Isle of Great Britain Sir Henry Savile of Eaton the Reviver of Chrysostom Sir Henry Spelman a learned Antiquary and a religious Assertor of the Churches Rights Cambden the Pausanias of the British Islands Matthew Paris Roger Hoveden Henry of Huntington William of Malmesbury Matthew of Westminster and Thomas of Walsingham all known Historians For Poetry Gower and Lydgate a Monk of Bury The famous Geosry Chaucer Brother in Law to John of Gaunt the great Duke of Lancaster Sir Philip Sidney and the Renowned Spencer Sam. Daniel and Michael Drayton That the Lucan and This the Ovid of the English Nation Beaumont and Fletcher not inferiour unto Terence and Plantus And lastly Ben. Johnson equal to any of the Ancients for the exactness of his Pen and the Decorum he kept in the Dramatick Poems never before observed on the English Theater CHAP. II. Of the English Names and of their Way of Computing CHristian Names says Cambden were first imposed for the Distinction of Persons Surnames for the Distinction of Families The first amongst the English are either Saxon as Edward Gilbert Henry Richard Walter William c. Or taken out of the Holy Writ as Abraham Jacob James Jsaac c. 'T is rare for the English to have two Christen Names together as they have in Germany But it is not unusual with them to christen Children by their Godfathers Surnames which is unpractised beyond Sea The Ancients took particular care to give their Children significative and good Names according to the Proverb Bonum Nomen Bonum Omen And the Pythagoreans affirmed the Minds Actions and Successes of Men to be according to their Fate Genius and Name In short such was Mens Superstition of old in this particular that they used a kind of Divination by Names called Onomantia which was condemned by the last General Council The Story of Augustus the Emperour is remarkable upon this Subject The Day before his Sea-fight at Actium the first Man he met was a poor Man driving his Ass before him Augustus demanded his Name and he answered Eutyches that is Happy-man then he asked his Asse's Name which proved to be Nicon that is Victor Augustus took it for a good Omen and having accordingly obtained the Victory there he built Nicopolis or the City of Victory and erected brazen Images of the Man and his Ass Alfonso IV. King of Castille had two Daughters by one of the Daughters of Henry II. King of England The Eldest Vrraca by Name was far surpassing her Sister Blanche in beauty Lewis VIII of France sent to Alfonso to demand one of the Daughters They were both presented to the Ambassadors Choice who inquiring of their Names preferred the Lady Blanche and made choice of her contrary to all expectation The Name of Vrraca though the more beautiful Lady proved unpleasing and that of the Lady Blanche signifying Fair and Beautiful carried it as a Name that would be more acceptable in France For my part though I am not so much a Pythagorean as to think a Mans Name should interpret his Fate yet I think it not amiss to name Children with Names of a happy signification as it was usual among the Primitive Christians were it but to stir them up to live according to their Names and not give themselves the lie As for the English Surnames they are generally Saxon some few Danish as Whitfeld and Wren The Whitfelds a very ancient Family came over with King Canute into England and their chief Brâ—nch is continued to this day in Northumberland with a good Estate In Q. Elizabeths Time there was a Whitfeld sent hither Embassadour from the King of Denmark But the Surnames now of best account in England are Local and so were many Names among the Romans Those you will find deduced from Places in Normandy or Countries adjacent being either the Patrimonial Possessions or native Places of such as served the Conqueror or came in after out of Normandy As Mortimer Albigny Percy Gournay Devereux Nevil Ferrers Montfort Courtney Cressy c. Or from Places in England and Scotland as Barkley Clifford Lumley Ratcliff Willoughby Douglas Some of which Local Names were formerly used with de prefixt but of late generally neglected or joyned to the Name as Darcy Devereux Others had at prefixed as At More At Wood At Down which has been removed from some and has been conjoyned to others as in these Atmore Atwood Atwells c. Many have also had their Names from Rivers as Trent Eden Swale Stoure From Trees near their Habitations as Oak Box Elder Beech. Some from their Situation in respect to adjoyning Places as North South East West according to the Greek Names Anatolius Zephyrius c. Others from several Parts of a House as Hall Parlour Cellar Lodge c. From Towns where they were born or from whence they came without being Lords or Possessors of them as Compton Egerton Or from several Denominations of Land and Water as Hill Wood Warren Field Ford Pool and Wells Among Foreiners several retained the Names of their Countries as Scot Picard Fleming French Lombard Poitevin German And these had commonly Le prefixt in Records and other Writings as Le Fleming Le Picard Next to these Local Names I shall take notice of those that have been assumed by some Families from Civil Honours and Dignities as King Duke Prince Lord Baron Knight and Squire probably because their Ancestors haâ—acted such Parts or were Kings of the Bean Christmas Lords c. Agreeable to which are the old Greek and Roman Names Archelaus Augustulus Regulus Basilius Caesarius Flaminius though they were neither Kings Caesars Dukes or Priests Others have been assumed from Offices as Chamberlain Steward Page Cook Spencer Gardener Butler Porter Foster Parker Faulconer Fowler Forester Woodward Clark Sergeant c. From Ecclesiastical Functions as Bishop Abbot Priest Monk Dean Deacon But most of all from Trades as Taylor Smith Potter Fisher Baker Chapman Spelman c. Some from Parts of the Body as Head Arm Leg Foot Others from Qualities of the Body good or bad as Greathead Whitehead Strong Armstrong Long Low Short Fair and Bell in the same sense Fairfax and Whitelock in the same sense Thin Heile or healthful c. No more to be disliked than these Roman Names Romulus and Nero which signify Strong Capito Pedâ— Labeo Naso Longus Longinus Minutius Crispus Calvus Gracchus Salustius Cocles and the like Not a few got their Names from the Colour of their Complexions
Winter-time Fewel with the Londoners The English Diet falls next under our Consideration which for the eating part does most consist in Flesh and chiefly in Butchers Meat For though they have great Plenty and Variety of Fish and Fowl Roots and Herbs yet they are most commonly used but as a Supplement or an Accessory to the Principal And therefore the English ever went amongst Strangers for the greatest Flesh-eaters Which is certainly the best and the most proper nourishment for this Country But whereas formerly the English used to eat three or Four Meals a Day the generality of them since the long Civil Wars in the Reign of Char. I. have used themselves to eat but one Meal a Day If then they eat plentifully and perhaps beyond the rate of other People who eat three or four times a Day it is no matter of amazement Some thing more than ordinary must be laid up in store to hold out 24 Hours There is the less Time lost in eating and the more saved for Business So that if other Nations live to eat the English may be said to eat only to live In short all things considered we may reckon the English who heretofore were perhaps not unjustly taxed of Gluttony and to be a People most given to their Bellies to be now one of the most sober Nations of Europe as to Eating Not but that in their Feastings both publick and private they are as great as any Nation Witness for publick ones the Feasts at Coronations at the Installation of the Knights of the Garter Consecration of Bishops Intertainments of Embassadors the Feasts of the Lord Mayor of London of Sergeants at Law and of Readers in the Inns of Court And yet as sumptuous and magnificent as they are in these Times they are not to compare to the wonderful Feastings of elder Times 'T is recorded says Dr. Chamberlain of Richard Earl of Cornwal Brother to Henry III that at his Marriage-Feast he had thirty thousand Dishes of Meat and that King Richard II spent daily at a Christmas 26 Oxen and 300 Sheep besides Fowl and all other Provision proportionably Anciently says Fortescue at a Call of Sergeants at Law each Sergeant spent 1600 Crowns in Feasting which in those Days was more than 1600 Pounds now But the Civil Wars aforesaid are not the only Thing which has brought the English to this Moderation of eating but one Meal a Day The frequent Use of Tobacco Tea and Coffee has had also a great hand in it And the Experience of making but slight Suppers or rather of turning Suppers into Beverages has proved so conducive to Health that few People in England make a set Supper Whereas beyond Sea 't is counted the principal Meal The Plainness of the English Diet is also very observable in point of Health Their usual Way is downright Boiled and Roasted without any Sophistication and 't is certainly the most agreeable to ones Health The French Kickshaws are meer Kitchin Sophistry invented more toplease a curious Palate than to satisfy a natural Appetite Their Cooks meer Legerdemains You take one thing for another the proper Taste of the Meat is gone and another by the virtue of Coquus Pocus is substituted Thus the Palate is gratified and the Stomack cheated 'T is true the dainty Frenchified Palates in England love this kind of Transmigration but those who are for Variety may find here pretty Knacks enough without running to France for it For Pastry no Nation excels the English but in Venison-Pasties they excel all Nations But if we go from the Kitchin to the Buttery here indeed the English Butler does outdo the French Cook in point of Variety Besides the Diversity of Wines from abroad from the East and from the South here we find Beer and Ale small and strong of both sorts and of the last twenty Species all noted for some peculiar quality most for their strength Nothing pleasanter than this to the Eye or to the Palate when skill and age has brought it to perfection but nothing more treacherous It goes down gently and palatably but as if it were too noble a Liquor for those lower Parts it presently flyes up to the Head and puts all there in a confusion So quick is the Operation of those strong sorts of Liquors upon too large a Dose that they run a Man out of his Senses before he can have an Interval of Mirth I speak of Men that are not so well used to those sorts of Liquors as the North Country Men are who know best how to deal with them But besides the Variety of Wines from abroad of Beer and Ale brewed at home here is drunk abundance of Sider Perry Mead Metheglin Mum and since the Plague French Brandy and Irish Usquebach two dangerous sorts of Drink when taken immoderately To conclude I wish I could say the English are as sober in point of Drinking as they are in their Eating But since Scaliger's Time they have in a great measure clubbed with the Germans their old Kinred in the Character he gives of these in one of his Epigrams Tres sunt Convivae Germanus Flander Anglus Dic quis edat meliùs quis meliùsve bibat Non comedis Germane bibis tu non bibis Angle Sed comedis comedis Flandre bibisque bene In English thus Dutch Flemings English are your only Guests Say which of all do's eat or drink it best Th' English love most to eat the Dutch to swill Only the Fleming eats and drinks his fill Thus was it in Scaliger's time with the English Nation But now the Case is altered so far at least as concerns the English who are at this time less Eaters but more addicted to Drinking than formerly and yet not to that excess neither generally as the Germans are The Use of Coffee and Tea two sober Liquours now so prevalent in England do's take off people considerably from drinking of strong Liquours And were it but for that the Coffee-houses ought to be kept up and incouraged Now Coffee is made with the berries of a Tree that grows in the Levant and Tea with the leaves of an India Plant both hot and dry and therefore very proper for Phlegmatick people And whereas strong Liquours are apt to disorder the Brain these on the contrary do settle and compose it Which makes it so much used by Men of Learning and Business who know best the virtue of ' em As for Tobacco the Use whereof is indeed more universal 't is a Remedy for phlegmatick people and consequently not amiss in this Country T is a Companion in Solitude an Amusement in Company an innocent Diversion to Melancholy and a Help to Fancy in private Studies and Meditations I come now to the English Wearing Apparel wherein this Nation has shewed in former Ages much Pride and Levity So foolish and extravagant they were so superfluous and obscene that divers Statutes were made against that Excess even before the Reformation Then an English-man
is the Fort St. George belonging to the East-India Company where they have a President of all the Factories on that Coast and of the Bay of Bengala As to the Royal African Company King Charles II was pleased by his Letters Patents to grant them a Liberty of Trading all along the Western Coasts of Africk from Cape Vert as far as the Cape of good Hope with prohibition of Trading there to all his other Subjects At Cape-Coast is the Residence of the chief Agent of the Company where they have a strong Place or Fort. I pass by the other Companies though some of them very considerable and the great Trade of the West-Indies generally managed by Merchants not Incorporated Only I shall add that every Company has the Priviledge to govern themselves by setled Acts and Orders under such Governours Deputies Assistants and Agents as they think fit to chuse among themselves And this way has been found to be so profitable and beneficial by Exporting the native Commodities thereof by setting the Poor on Work by building of many brave Ships and by Importing hither of forein Commodities both for Use and Ornament that the Benefit accruing thereby to these Nations cannot be expressed The principal Commodities exported from hence into forein Countries are Woollen Cloths of all sorts broad and narrow the English being now the best Cloth-Workers in the World To which add Sattins Tabies Velvets Plushes and infinite other Manufactures some of which make very good Returns from the foreign Plantations Abundance of Tin Lead Alum Copper Iron Fullers Earth Salt and Sea-Coal of most sorts of Grains but Wheat especially of Skins and Leather of Trane Oyl and Tallow Hops and Beer Saffron and Licorish besides great Plenty of Sea-fish is yearly transported over Sea to forein Conntries From whence the Merchants make good Returns and bring a great deal of Treasure and rich Commodities to the Inriching of themselves the unspeakable benefit of the Nation and the Credit of the English in general Who are as industrious and active as fair Dealers and great Undertakers as any Nation in the World For though the Hollanders perhaps do drive a greater Trade 't is neither for want of Stock nor for want of Industry on the side of the English The Hollanders being squeezed as they are within the narrow Bounds of their Country find little or no Land to purchase with the Returns of their Trade This puts 'em upon a kind of Necessity of improving still their Stock and of sending back those Riches a floating upon the Sea which they cannot fix on the Land Whereas our English Merchants having the Opportunity of Injoying the Fruits of their Industry in a spacious delicate fruitful Country by purchasing Estates for themselves and Families are apt to yield to the Temptation and to exchange the hurry of Trade for the pleasures of a Country-life CHAP. V. Of the English Laws and Religion THE Laws of England are of several Sorts and severally used according to the Subject First there is the Common Law that is the Common Customs of the Nation which have by length of time obtained the force of Laws This is the Summary of the Laws of the Saxons and Danes first reduced into one Body by King Edward the Elder about the Year 900. Which for some time being lost were revived by King Edward the Confessor and by Posterity named his Laws To these William the Conquerour having added some of the good Customs of Normandy he caused them all to be written in his own Norman Dialect which being no where vulgarly used varies no more than the Latine Therefore to this day all Reports Pleadings and Law-Exercises Declarations upon Original Writs and all Records are written in the old Norman But where the Common Law falls short the Statute Law makes it up Which are the Laws made from time to time by King and Parliament The Civil Law which is counted the Law of Nations is peculiarly made use of in all Ecclesiastical Courts in the Court of Admiralty in That of the Earl Marshal in Treaties with forein Princes and lastly in the Two Universities of the Land The Canon-Law otherwise called the Ecclesiastical Laws takes place in Things that meerly relate to Religion This Law comprehends the Canons of many ancient General Councils of many National and Provincial English Synods divers Decrees of the Bishops of Rome and Judgments of ancient Fathers received by the Church of England and incorporated into the Body of the Canon Law By which she did ever proceed in the Exercise of her Jurisdiction and do's still by virtue of an Act in the Reign of Henry VIII so far as the said Canons and Constitutions are not repugnant to the Holy Scripture to the Kings Prerogative or the Laws of this Realm But whereas Temporal Laws inflict Punishment upon the Body these properly concern the Soul of Man And as they differ in several Ends so they differ in several Proceedings The Martial Law reaches none but Souldiers and Mariners and is not to be used but in time of actual War But the late King who ran headlong to Arbitrary Power made nothing of violating this and most other Laws The Forest-Law concerns the Forests and in flicts Punishment on those that trespass upon them By virtue of this Law the Will is reputed for the Fact so that if a Man be taken hunting a Deer he may be Arrested as if he had taken it Lastly there are Municipal Laws commonly called Peculiar or By Laws proper to Corporations These are the Laws which the Magistrates of a Town or City by virtue of the King's Charter have a Power to make for the benefit and advantage of their Corporation Provided always that the same be not repugnant to the Laws of the Land These By-Laws properly bind none but the Inhabitants of the Place unless they be for publick Good or to avoid a publick Inconvenience In which Case they bind Strangers Thus much in general as to the Laws of England The chief Particulars will come in of course when I come to treat of the Government The Religion of England as it is established by Law is the best Reformed Religion and the most agreeable to the primitive Times of Christianity But before I come to shew the Occasion Time and Methods of its Reformation it will not be improper to give a brief historical Account how the Christian Faith came to be planted in this Island to set forth its Progress Decay and Restauration then its Corruption with Rome and at last its Reformation That Christianity was planted here in the Apostles Times long before King Lucius is plainly demonstrated by the Antiquity of the British Churches writ some Years since by Dr. Stillingfleet the present Bishop of Worcester Where he learnedly disproves the Tradition concerning Joseph of Arimathea supposed by many to have been the first Planter of the Gospel here as an Invention of the Monks of Glassenbury to serve their Interests by advancing
Democracy for ever all the World know's No Stone was left unturned and what came of it As soon as ever Opportunity served the very Presbyterians themselves joyned with the Royalists to bring in the exiled King and re-establish the ancient Government So soon the Nation grew sick of the Commonwealth and so strong was then the Current for Monarchy that without the shedding of a drop of Bloud the first was in a manner hissed out of the Nation and Monarchy restored with the greatest Pomp and Joy imaginable I set aside the Zeal of our English Clergy for Monarchy and their Influence upon the Laity The great Number alone of our Nobility and Gentry with their proportionable Ascendent upon the People makes me look upon it as a moral Impossibility for Commonwealth-Government ever to prevail here 'T is well known the Genius of Commonwealths is for keeping down the Nobility and extinguishing all those Beams of Royalty Therefore as 't is their Interest so I suppose it will be their Care to stick to Monarchy CHAP. VII Of the KING of ENGLAND And first of his Dominions Titles Arms his Ensigns of Royalty and Marks of Sovereignty THE King of England is otherwise called King of Great-Britain as being the sole Sovereign and supreme Head of this great and famous Island containing the two Kingdoms of England and Scotland besides the Principality of Wales Which Principality was first united by Conquest to the Crown of England Anno 1282 by King Edward I. Who overcame and slew in Battel Llewellen the last Sovereign Prince of Wales of the Race of Cadwallader the last King of the Britains After the Conquest thereof he took all the provident Care imaginable to secure it to the Crown but the Welsh seldom contained themselves within the bounds of true Allegiance till the Reign of Henry VII who was extracted from the Welsh Bloud In whose Successor's Reign Henry VIII they were made by Act of Parliament one Nation with the English subject to the same Laws capable of the same Preferments priviledged with the same Immunities and inabled to send Knights and Burgesses to the English Parliament So that the Name and Language only excepted there is now no Difference between the English and Welsh A very happy Union Scotland was also brought into Subjection by the same King Edward so that he received Homage of its King and Nobility and had there his Chancery and other Courts under a Viceroy But with much strugling they recovered at last their Liberty and set up a King of their own Robert Bruce who had the luck to be confirmed in it by the Defeat given to Edward II one of our unfortunate Kings 'T is true his Son King Edward III a most virtuous and valorous Prince changed the face of Affairs in Scotland and brought again the Scots to Obedience Insomuch that he excluded David the Son of Robert Bruce from the Crown then forced to fly into France and restored the House of Baliol to the Kingdom in the person of Edward Son of King John Baliol. Who upon his coming to the Crown did Homage to this King Edward as his Father had done to King Edward I. But 't was not long before the Scots quitted again their Subjection and Vassalage to the Crown of England the Roll of Ragman being treacherously delivered into their hands by Roger Mortimer Earl of March Which Roll contained a Confession and Acknowledgement of the Estates of Scotland subscribed by all their Hands and Seals whereby they owned the Superiority of the Kings of England not only in regard of such Advantages as the Sword had given them but as of their original and undoubted Right But setting aside this point of Vassalage the Kings of England are Kings of Scotland by a better Title For King James VI of Scotland and the first of England succeeded Q. Elizabeth in the Realm of England as the next Heir to the Crown Anno 1602 being descended by Mary Queen of the Scots his Mother from Margaret the eldest Daughter of Henry the VII King of England and Wife to James IV of Scotland And here the Wisdom and prudent Foresight of Henry is very remarkable Who having two Daughters bestowed the Eldest contrary to the Mind of his Council on the King of Scots and the younger on the French King that if his own Issue Male should fail as it did by the Death of his Grandson King Edward VI and that a Prince of another Nation must inherit England then Scotland as the lesser Kingdom should depend upon England and not England wait on France as upon the greater In which Succession of the Scots to the Crown of England the Prophecy of the fatal Stone received accomplishment I mean the Stone which the Scots lookt upon as their Palladium kept at Scone in Scotland the usual Place for the Coronation of the Scotish Kings upon which they received their Crown till the Removal of it unto Westminster by King Edward I. The Verses of old ingraven upon this Stone run thus Non fallat Fatum Scoti quocunque locatum Invenient Lapidem regnare tenentur ibidem Translated in old Meeter thus The Scots shall brook that Realm as natif Ground If Weirds fail not where ere this Stone is found Thus the Scots so often quelled and curbed by the English never subdued England but by this blessed Victory Ever since this happy Union Scotland has been deprived of its Kings Residence there who changed the worse Seat for the better But under the King there is a chief Governour appointed by his Majesty the Lord High Commissioner of Scotland who by that Title injoys the ordinary Power and Authority of a Viceroy In this manner Scotland has continued to this day a separate Kingdom governed by its own Laws 'T is true there have been several Attempts made to unite it into one Kingdom with England as Wales was by Henry VIII But hitherto they proved unsuccesfull So far we have cleared in few Words by History the whole Isle of Great Britain to the King of England with the numerous Islands about it the principal of which are the Isles of Shepey Thanet Wight Anglesey and Man The next that offers it self is the Kingdom of Ireland a great Part whereof was Conquered by the English about the Year 1172. in the Reign of Henry II and the Occasion thus Ireland being then divided amongst several â—petty Kings the King of Leinster was by the King of Meath driven out of his Kindom He fled to England for Refuge where applying himself to King Henry Henry resolved to attempt his Restauration which he did effectually and in the doing of it brought the best part of the Island under the English Subjection King John the Younger Son of Henry was the first who was Intituled Lord of Ireland Which Stile was granted him by Pope Urban III and continued to his Successors though in effect Kings thereof till the Year 1542 when Henry VIII was declared in an Irish Parliament King of
claim to do Services at the King's Coronation and to receive the accustomed Fees and Allowances In the Procession on the Coronation-Day 't is he that carries the King's Crown The Right Honourable the Earl of Devonshire was honoured with this great Office in the last Coronation Upon the Trial of a Peer he sits under a Cloth of State and his Commission is to proceed secundum Legem Consuetudinem Angliae He is not Sworn nor the Lords who are the Tryers of the Peer arraigned and tho he call all the Judges of the Land to assist him yet he is the sole Judge Next to the Lord High Steward is the Lord High Chancellour who in Civil Affairs now there is no High Steward is the highest Person in the Kingdom next to the Royal Family as the Arch-bishop of Canterbury is in Ecclesiastical His Oath is to do Right to all manner of People rich and poor after the Laws and Customs of the Realm truly to counsel the King and keep secret the King's Counsel to stand for the Rights of the Crown c. The Great Seal of England is in his Custody He is the Judge of the Court of Chancery otherwise called the Court of Equity where he is to judge not according to the Rigour and Letter of the Law but with Equity and Conscience He also bestow's all Ecclesiastical Benefices in the King's Gift under 20 l. a Year in the King's Books Since the Reign of Henry VII this great Office has been commonly executed by Lawyers whereas formerly Bishops and other Clergy-men learned in the Civil Laws were usually intrusted with it The Lord High Chancellour holds his Place but durante Regis Beneplacito during the King's Pleasure And his Place is counted to be worth 8000 l. a Year Anciently he had sometimes a Vice-Chancellour commonly called Keeper of the Great Seal But of later Times they differ only in Name For the late Kings have always beflowed the Great Seal either with the Title of Lord Keeper or of Lord Chancellour but still with the same Power and Right of Precedence Only the Lord Chancellour receives a Patent from the King for his Office which the Lord Keeper do's not and by the Title of Chancellour he is lookt upon as in greater favour with the King But his present Majesty since his Accession to the Crown thought fit to have this Office managed by Commissioners and accordingly it has been hitherto managed by three Lords Commissioners The third Great Officer of the Crown is the Lord High Treasurer who has the Charge and Government of all the King's Revenue kept in the Exchequer He has the Gift of all Customers Comptrolers and Searchers in all the Ports of England and the Nomination of all Escheators in every County He has also the Check of all the Officers imploy'd in collecting all the Revenues of the Crown He has power either by himself or with others joyned in Commission with him to let Leases of all the Crown-Lands And it is he that gives Warrants to certain Persons of Quality to have their Wine Custom-free Anciently he received this Office and Dignity by the delivery of the golden Keys of the Treasury which is now done by delivery of a white Staff to him by the King His Oath do's not differ much from that of the Lord Chancellour and he holds his Place as he do's during his Majesties Pleasure His Place is also reckoned to be worth 8000 l. per ann But this great Office is now executed by four Persons called the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury Next is the Lord President of the King 's Privy Council an Officer as ancient as King John's Time made by the King's Letters Patent under the Great Seal durante Beneplacito His Office is to manage the Debates in Council to propose Matters from the King and report the Transactions to his Majesty In the late Reigns this Office was often supplied by the Chancellour Next to the Lord President is the Lord Privy Seal whose Office is of great Trust and Skill He is so called from the Privy Seal which is in his custody All Charters and Grants of the King and all Pardon 's signed by the King pass through his hands before they come to the Great Seal of England And hâ—â— ought not to put this Seal to any Grant withâ— out good Warrant under the King 's Privy Signet nor with Warrant if it be againsâ— Law or Custom until the King be first acquainted He manages also divers other Matters of less concernment which do not pass the Great Seal He is by his Place of the King 's Privy Council and takes his Oath accordingly besides a particular Oath as Lord Privy Seal Wheâ— there is a Court of Requests he is the chieâ— Judge of it His Place is also during the King's Pleasure 〈◊〉 and his Salary is 1500 l. per annum The sixth Great Officer of the Crown iâ— the Lord Great Chamberlain of England an Officer of State and of great Antiquity whose chief Business is on the Coronation-Day For it is his Office that Day to bring the King his Shirt Coyf and Wearing Cloaths before his Majesty rises and to carry at the Coronation the Coyf Gloves and Linnen to be used by the King upon that Occasion In the Church where the King is Crowned he undresses and attires his Majesty with Robes Royal and giveâ— Him the Gold which is offered by Him at the Altar Before and after Dinner he serves the King with Water to wash his hands For this Service he has 40 Ells of Criâ—â—son Velver for-his own Robes the King 's Beâ— and all the Furniture of his Bed-Chamber all the King's Night-Apparel and the Basoâ— and Towels used at Dinner for his Fees He has also Livery and Lodging in the King's Court certain â—ees from all Peers of the Realm at their Creation and from each Arch-Bishop or Bishop when they do their Hoâ—â—age or Fealty to the King To him belongs the Care of providing all Things in the House of Lords in Parliament-Time and therefore has an Apartment allowed him near the House of Lords This Office is Hereditary and belongs to the Earls of Lindsey The Lord High Constable is another great Officer but of too great Authority and Power to be continued and therefore is only created for the Solemnity of the King's Coronation The Duke of Ormond was High Constable in the last The next is the Earl Marshal of England an Officer of great Antiquity and anciently of great Power His proper Office is to summon the Nobility to the King's Coronation with such Directions for State and publick Appearance as becomes that Solemnity He also takes Cognizance of Matters of War and Arms out of the reach of the Common Law and in these Matters he is commonly guided by the Civil Law Neither can any obtain a Coat of Arms but he must first apply himself to the Earl Marshal to whom the Heralds Colledge is subordinate The last is the Lord
the Letter T. for a Thief or M. for Manslayer Then he is delivered to the Bishops Officer to be kept in the Bishops Prison from whence after a certain time he is delivered by a Jury of Clerks But if he be taken and found Guilty again and his Mark discovered then 't is his Lot to be hanged But he whom the Jury pronounces Not Guilty is Acquitted forthwith and Discharged paying the Jaylor his Fees And as to those Prisoners who stand not Indited but were only sent to Prison upon Suspicion the Way is to Proclaim 'em first in this manner A. B. Prisoner stands here at the Bar If any Man can say any thing against him let him now speak for the Prisoner stands at his Deliverance If upon this no Evidence appears against him he is set free paying the Jaylor his Fees Which Way of Deliverance is called Deliverance by Proclamation CHAP. X. Of the Court Martial and Court of Admiralty THE Court Martial otherwise called Court of Chivalry is the Fountain of Martial Law and is only held in Time of War for Martial Discipline The proper Judges of this Court are the Lord High Constable and the Earl Marshal of England which last is also to see Execution â—tone The Court of Admiralty is about Maritime Concerns and the Judge thereof is commonly 〈◊〉 Dr. of the Civil Law For the Sea being out of the reach of the Common Law the Proceeding of this Court in all Civil Matters is according to the Civil Law And whereas the Sea by its Flux and Reâ—ux advances and runs-back twice a Day which makes the Bounds of the Sea and Land â—ovable every Day It is agreed upon that 〈◊〉 far as the Low-Water Mark is observed is within the Counties Jurisdiction and Causes â—ence arising are Determinable by the Common Law But upon a full Tide the Admiral has â—urisdiction as long as the Sea-flows over â—ll Matters done between the Low-Water Mark and the Land So that here is as Dr. Chamberlain says Divisum Imperium between the Common Law and the Court of Admiralty Besides the Civil Law which this Court proceeds by great Use is made here of the Maritime Laws of Rhodes and Oleron two Islands the former whereof is in the Mediterranean not far from the Continent of Asia the other in the Ocean near the Mouth of the Garonne in the Bay of Aquitain The Rhodian Laws were compiled by the Inhabitants of Rhodes a People anciently very powerful at Sea and whose Maritime Laws were esteemed so just and equitable that the very Romans so skilful in making of good Laws referred all Debates and Controversies in Sea-Affairs to the Judgment of the Rhodian Laws Those of Oleron called le Rolle d' Oleron were made by Order of King Richard I theâ— possessed of Aquitain and being at Oleron Which proved such excellent Laws for Sea-Matters that they came to be almost aâ— much respected and made use of in these Western Parts as the Rhodian Laws in the Levant To which King Edward III added very excellent Constitutions concerning Maritime Affairs still in force In Imitation whereof several other Sea-faring Nations have done the like for their respective Sea-Trade As to Criminal Matters especially about Piracy the Proceeding in this Court of Admiralty was according to the Civil Law till the Reign of Henry VIII When two Statute were made for Criminal Matters to be trieâ— by Witnesses and a Jury by the Kings special Commission to the Lord Admiral where 〈◊〉 some Judges of the Realm are ever Commissioners The Writs and Decrees of this Court run in â—he Name of the Lord High Admiral or Lords commissioners executing that Office and are â—irected to all Vice-Admirals Justices of â—ace Mayors Sheriffs Bayliffs Constablesâ—â—arshals and other Officers and Ministers as â—ell within Liberties as without To this Court belongs a Register and a Marâ—al The Marshal attends the Court and carâ—es a Silver Oar before the Judge whereon â—e the Kings Arms and the Lord High Adâ—irals Here the Lord Admiral has his Advocate â—d Proctor by whom all other Advocates and â—â—octors are presented and admitted by the â—â—dge All the Places and Offices belonging 〈◊〉 this Court are in the Gift of the Lord â—â—igh Admiral and now of the Lords Comâ—issioners The Court is held in the Afternoon in the common Hall at Drs. Commons But the Adâ—iralty-Session for the Trial of Malefators and Crimes committed at Sea is still â—eld at the ancient Place viz. S. Margaret's â—ll in Southwark CAHP. XI Of the Court of Marshalsea the Courts of Conscience the Court of Requests disused the Forest-Courts and Pie-powder Courts THE first is the Court or Seat of the Knight Marshal of the Kings House where he judges of Debts for which the Party has been Arrested within the Kings Verge and sent to the Marshalsea Which iâ— a Prison in Southwark where this Court iâ— kept King Charles I. erected a Court by Letters Parents under the Great Seal by the Name oâ— Curia Hospitij Domini Regis c. which takes Cognizance more at large of all Causes thaâ— the Marshalsea could of which the Knight Marshal or his Deputy are Judges The Courts of Conscience are inferiour Courtâ— established and settled by Parliament in many Parts of the Realm for the Relief of poâ—â— People whose Debt do's not amount to forty Shillings So that by any of these Courts the Creditor may recover his Debt and the Debtor pay it at an easy rate As for the Court of Requests 't was a Court of Equity much of the same nature with the Chancery but inferiour to it Called Court â—f Requests as being principally Instituted for the help of such Petitioners as in conscionable cases dealt by Supplication with the King This Court followed the King and was not â—xt in any Place But in process of time it â—sumed so great a Power and grew so burdenâ—â— and grievous to the Subject that it was â—ken away together with the Star-Chamber 〈◊〉 Statute made in the Reign of Charles I. For the Conservation of the Kings Forests â—â—d to prevent all Abuses therein there are â—ree Courts established one called the Juâ—ice of Eyres Seat another the Swainmote and â—â—e third the Court of Attachment The first is or should be by ancient Cuâ—â—m held every third Year by the Justices Eyre of the Forest journeying up and down 〈◊〉 the purpose aforesaid Swainmote is another Court as incident to a forest as a Pie-powder Court to a Fair. By â—e Charter of the Forest it is held thrice a â—ear before the Verderors as Judges What â—hings are Inquirable in the same you may 〈◊〉 in Cromp. Jurisd fol. 150. The lower Court is called the Attachment because the Verderors of the Forest have thereâ— no other Authority but to receive the Attchments of Offenders against Vert and Veniâ—n taken by the rest of the Officers and to Inrol â—â—em that they may be presented and punishâ—â— at the next Justice-Seat Now the Attachments are made three
Lieutenant General Sir Henry Goodrick Kt. and Bar. Surveyor John Charleton Esq Clerk of the Ordnance Sir Thomas Littleton Kt. Keeper of the Stores Thomas Gardiner Esq Clerk of the Deliveries Philip Musgrave Esq Assistant Surveyor William Boulter Esq Treasurer or Pay-master Charles Bertie Esq Master Gunner Capt. Richard Leak Principal Engineer Sir Martin Beckman Kt. Keeper of the small Guns Mr. Charles Beaumont The Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty and of the Admirals The Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty The Earl of Pembroke and Montgomery The Earl of Carbery Sir Michael Wharton Bat. Sir Thomas Lee Bat. Sir John Chichley Bat. Sir John Lowther Bat. William Sacheveril Esq Admirals Sir Richard Haddock Kt. Henry Killigrew Esq Sir John Ashby Kt. A List of the Commissioners and other Principal Officers belonging to the Navy The Commissioners Sir Richard Haddock Kt. Charles Sergison Esq Sir John Tippet Kt. Sir Richard Beach Kt. The Treasurer Edward Russel Esq Comptroller Sir Richard Haddock Kt. Surveyor Sir John Tippet Kt. Clerk of the Acts Charles Sergison Esq Victuallers of the Navy Thomas Papilion Simon Macne John Agur Humphrey Ayles and James How Esquires Commissioners for Sick and Wounded Seamen and exchange of Prisoners of War Thomas Addison Esq Edward Leigh Esq Anthony Shepherd Esq John Starkey Esq Of the Martial Court THis Court you have too short an Account of in my Third Part Page 91. I therefore beg leave here to inlarge upon it 'T is called the Martial or Military Court or High Court of Chivalry otherwise the Court of Honour and in Latine Curia Militaris The Place anciently appointed for holding thereof was the King's Hall wherein the Constable and Earl Marshal of England sat as Judges Where any Plaintiff in case of Dignities or Matters of Arms or of any other Sute or Controversy concerning Nobility Gentility or Arms might sue the Defendant But now that great Office of Constable of England is hid aside the whole Power is vested in the Earl Marshal And the Present Possessor of that honourable Office is his Grace Henry Duke of Norfolk Earl Marshal of England Who has appointed the Hall in the Colledge of Arms to be the Place for Keeping the said Court. And upon Application made to him by any of the Nobility or Gentry of this Kingdom being abused in Matters of Honour and Arms may there have relief from his Grace Officers belonging to this Court Their Majesties Advocate William Odys Dr. of Laws Register of the Court Robert Plott Dr. of Laws Secretary and Seal-Keeper Francis Negus Esq Deputy-Register Mr. John Cheek Proctors Samuel Francklyn Esq Batchelour of Laws Mr. Ralph Suckley Mr. Everard Exton Batchelour of Laws Mr. John Hill Mr. Francis Nixon Mr. Robert Chapman Mr. Samuel Wiseman Mr. Keate Waller Marshal of the Court. Mr. John Curry A List of the Lords Lieutenants Bedford Earl of Bedford Berks Duke of Norfolk Bucks Earl of Bridgewater Cambr. Earl of Bedford Cheshire Earl of Warrington Cornwal Earl of Bath Cumberland Earl of Carlisle Derbysh Earl of Devon Devonsh Earl of Bath Dorcetsh Earl of Bristol Essex Earl of Oxford Gloc. and Heref. Earl of Maclesfield Hartfordsh Earl of Shrewsbury during the Minority of the Earl of Essex Huntingt Earl of Manchester Kent Earl of Winchelsey Lancashire Earl of Derby Leicestersh Earl of Rutland Lincolnsh Earl of Lindsey Middlesex Earl of Clare Monmouthsh Earl of Maclesfield Norfolk Duke of Norfolk Northampt. Earl of Monmouth Northumb. Earl of Scarborough Nottinghamsh Earl of Kingston Oxon Earl of Abington Salop Lord Visc Newport Somersetsh Lord Visc Fitz-Harding Southampton Duke of Bolton Staffordsh Lord Paget Suffolk Lord Cornwallis Surrey Duke of Norfolk Sussex Earl of Dorset and Middlesex Warwicksh Earl of Northampton Wiltshire Earl of Pembroke Worcestersh Earl of Shrowsbury York East-Riding Earl of Kingston York North Riding Earl of Falconberg York West-Riding Earl of Derby South and North Wales Earl of Maclesfield Governours of Garrisoned Places Barwick Christ Babington Esq Calshot Francis Pawlet Esq Carlisle Jeremiah Bubb Esq Chepstow Chester Sir John Morgan Cinque-Ports Col. John Beaumont Esq Dartmouth Nich. Roope Esq Graves-end William Selwyn Esq Guernsey Lord Hatton Holy Island Hull Marquess of Caermarthen Hurst-Castle Henry Holmes Jersey Lord Jermyn Isle of Wight Sir Robert Holmes Landguard-Fort Henry Killigrew Esq S. Maws Pendennis Earl of Bath Plimouth Earl of Bath Portland Portsmouth John Gibson Esq Scarborough Scilly Islands Sheerness Robert Crawford Esq Tinmouth Sir Edw. Villiers Tower of London Lord Lucas Upner Castle Robert Minors Esq Windfor Castle Duke of Norfolk Governours of Foreign Plantations Of Jamaica Earl of Inchqueen Virginia Lord Effingham New York Col. Sloughter Barbadoes James Kendal Col. Leeward Islands Col. Godrington As for New England the Governor is not yet setled Mary-Land Pensylvania and Carolina are governed by their respective Proprietors who have there their Deputies Their Majesties Embassadors Envoys and Residents Abroad At Vienna Lord Paget At Constantinople Sir William Hussey In Holland Lord Dursley Spain William Stanhop Esq Flanders John Eckart Esq Sweden William Duncomb Esq Denmark Robert Molesworth Esq Brandenburg James Johnston Esq Lunenburg and Brunswick Sir William Dutton Colt Swisserland Thomas Cox Esq Hamburg Sir Paul Rycaut Geneva Philibert Herbert Esq Agent in Germany Hugh Hughes Gent. Consuls in Foreign Parts At Venice Hugh Broughton Esq Cadiz S. Maries Sevil S. Lucar in Spain Wartin Nescomb Robert Godschall Walter Doleman Eâ—â— Alicant Genoua Leghorn Naples in Italy Thomas Kirk Esq Robert Serle Esq Sir George Davis Kt. Argiers in Barbary Thomas Baker Esq Foreign Ministers at present residing in their Majesties Court. Spain Don Pedro de Ronquillo Ambassador in Ordinary Portugal Don Simon de Soza de Magellanes Envoy Extraordinary Sweden Baron Leyonbergh Envoy Denmark Monsieur Alfeldt Envoy Holland The Heer Van Zitters Ambassador in Ordinary Brandenburg Monsieur Dankelman Envoy Lunenburg Baron de Schutz Envoy Extraordinary Savoy The President de la Tour Envoy Extraordinary Vienna Monsieur Hofman Resident A Scheme of the Sovereign and Knights Companions of the most Noble Order of the Garter â—â—e King of Denmark The Sovereign The King of Sweden Prince George of Denmark * Elector of Brandenb Earl of Oxford Earl of Strafford Duke of Beaufort Earl of Bedford Duke of Southampton Earl of Mulgrave Duke of Newcastle Marquis of Caerm  Duke of Richmond Duke of Hamilton Duke of Somerset Duke of Northumb. Duke of Norfolk Earl of Peterborough Earl of Rochester Earl of Feversham Earl of Sunderland Duke of Ormond * Earl of Devonshire  A List of the Knights made by His Present Majesty King William Knights Baronets Hender Moulesworth Esq created Baronet July 19th 1689. Sir John Ramsden of Yorkshire Esq created Baronet Dec. 30. 1689. Sir William Robinson of Newby in Yorkshire Esq created Baronet Febr. 13th 1689. Knights Batchelours Anthony Keck Esq Counsellor at Law Knighted at Whitehall March 5th 1688. William Rawlinson Esq One of the Lords Commissioners of the Chancery Knighted at Whitehall March 5th