promulgate_v to_o this_o i_o answer_v first_o that_o the_o fate_n of_o the_o present_a cause_n be_v not_o concern_v in_o the_o issue_n of_o this_o question_n our_o law_n be_v sufficient_o promulgate_v but_o suppose_v it_o be_v concern_v it_o need_v fear_v no_o danger_n from_o it_o for_o the_o question_n proceed_v upon_o a_o contradictory_n supposition_n it_o suppose_v the_o law_n to_o be_v promulgate_v and_o not_o promulgate_v at_o the_o same_o time_n for_o if_o the_o sanction_n be_v necessary_a as_o a_o sign_n than_o it_o must_v make_v the_o first_o discovery_n of_o the_o law_n which_o till_o then_o must_v not_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v know_v and_o yet_o it_o must_v too_o and_o that_o before_o the_o sanction_n can_v pretend_v to_o be_v a_o sign_n for_o the_o sanction_n can_v pretend_v to_o that_o office_n till_o it_o be_v know_v and_o it_o can_v be_v know_v till_o after_o the_o law_n be_v know_v for_o to_o know_v the_o sanction_n be_v to_o know_v that_o such_o a_o penalty_n be_v by_o the_o law_n annex_v to_o such_o a_o action_n which_o presuppose_v the_o law_n to_o be_v know_v and_o how_o then_o can_v the_o sanction_n be_v necessary_a as_o a_o sign_n where_o the_o law_n be_v not_o promulgate_v the_o very_a supposition_n imply_v a_o contradiction_n whence_o i_o further_o conclude_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o a_o sanction_n shall_v ever_o be_v necessary_a as_o a_o sign_n to_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n which_o as_o it_o receive_v not_o its_o obligation_n from_o it_o so_o it_o may_v and_o will_v oblige_v without_o it_o since_o from_o what_o have_v be_v discourse_v it_o clear_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v no_o way_n necessary_a to_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n either_o as_o a_o cause_n or_o as_o a_o condition_n i_o say_v to_o the_o obligation_n of_o it_o for_o i_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o a_o sanction_n be_v very_o necessary_a to_o the_o enforcement_n and_o better_a success_n of_o the_o law_n and_o that_o therefore_o it_o be_v very_o expedient_a that_o all_o law_n shall_v have_v their_o sanction_n partly_o that_o by_o they_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o obligation_n may_v be_v rate_v and_o estimate_v it_o be_v the_o general_a prudence_n of_o lawgiver_n to_o annex_v great_a penalty_n to_o more_o concern_v and_o important_a precept_n and_o partly_o that_o by_o they_o man_n may_v be_v the_o more_o easy_o and_o secure_o contain_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o their_o duty_n which_o without_o some_o penal_a restraint_n every_o little_a appearance_n of_o interest_n will_v tempt_v they_o to_o transgress_v and_o yet_o even_o this_o be_v only_o a_o accidental_a necessity_n introduce_v by_o the_o badness_n of_o the_o world_n for_o be_v man_n as_o they_o shall_v be_v wise_a and_o good_a which_o till_o the_o millennium_n i_o despair_v to_o see_v they_o will_v discern_v and_o be_v satisfy_v of_o the_o reason_n and_o equity_n of_o the_o law_n and_o that_o alone_o will_v be_v a_o sufficient_a motive_n to_o order_n and_o obedience_n but_o when_o they_o be_v either_o so_o stupid_a as_o not_o to_o see_v the_o good_a end_n of_o the_o law_n or_o so_o profligate_v as_o not_o to_o regard_v it_o then_o come_v in_o this_o expedient_a of_o the_o sanction_n arm_v the_o law_n with_o penalty_n whereby_o they_o may_v be_v enable_v to_o revenge_v themselves_o upon_o those_o unconsider_v disingenuous_a person_n that_o do_v they_o violence_n and_o indeed_o consider_v the_o great_a and_o general_a bruitishness_n and_o degeneracy_n of_o man_n how_o very_o alienate_v they_o be_v not_o only_o from_o the_o life_n of_o god_n but_o even_o from_o that_o of_o natural_a reason_n too_o it_o be_v very_o fit_a it_o shall_v always_o be_v thus_o and_o that_o all_o law_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o mount_n sinai_n shall_v have_v their_o thundering_n and_o lightning_n to_o awake_v and_o alarm_n the_o passion_n of_o such_o man_n who_o have_v lose_v their_o reason_n have_v now_o nothing_o else_o to_o be_v take_v hold_v by_o but_o this_o i_o say_v only_o prove_v a_o sanction_n necessary_a to_o the_o better_a enforcement_n and_o not_o to_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n to_o which_o if_o any_o one_o shall_v yet_o think_v it_o necessary_a i_o shall_v only_o further_o press_v he_o with_o one_o sensible_a absurdity_n which_o perhaps_o may_v signify_v more_o with_o some_o apprehension_n than_o a_o abstracter_n way_n of_o reason_v it_o be_v this_o that_o upon_o this_o supposition_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o if_o god_n himself_o shall_v impose_v any_o command_n upon_o a_o creature_n without_o annex_v a_o penalty_n in_o case_n of_o disobedience_n he_o will_v not_o be_v able_a with_o all_o his_o authority_n and_o divine_a supremacy_n to_o oblige_v that_o creature_n and_o will_v any_o man_n can_v any_o man_n have_v the_o impudence_n or_o impiety_n to_o say_v so_o suppose_v that_o when_o god_n give_v that_o command_n to_o adam_n concern_v the_o not_o eat_v of_o the_o tree_n of_o knowledge_n he_o have_v not_o add_v that_o other_o clause_n which_o be_v the_o sanction_n of_o the_o law_n in_o the_o day_n that_o thou_o eat_v thereof_o thou_o shall_v sure_o die_v will_v any_o man_n presume_v to_o say_v that_o adam_n will_v not_o have_v be_v oblige_v by_o that_o divine_a command_n but_o may_v have_v taste_v of_o the_o forbid_a fruit_n without_o sin_n he_o must_v have_v but_o very_o little_a reverence_n for_o the_o majesty_n of_o god_n and_o as_o little_a sense_n of_o the_o sacredness_n of_o his_o authority_n who_o will_v adventure_v to_o say_v so_o and_o yet_o thus_o he_o must_v say_v if_o it_o be_v true_a what_o be_v contend_v for_o by_o some_o that_o the_o sanction_n be_v necessary_a to_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n for_o whatever_o be_v necessary_a to_o the_o law_n as_o such_o be_v necessary_a to_o every_o law_n whether_o human_a or_o divine_a he_o therefore_o that_o hold_v the_o necessity_n of_o the_o sanction_n to_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n must_v say_v if_o he_o will_v be_v consistent_a with_o himself_o that_o the_o command_n of_o the_o great_a god_n will_v not_o have_v oblige_v adam_n in_o case_n there_o have_v not_o be_v a_o penalty_n annex_v to_o it_o if_o he_o do_v not_o say_v so_o i_o shall_v smile_v at_o his_o inconsistency_n and_o if_o he_o do_v i_o shall_v tremble_v for_o his_o impudence_n and_o irreverence_n but_o from_o a_o supposition_n to_o descend_v to_o a_o matter_n of_o fact_n what_o will_v such_o a_o one_o say_v to_o the_o ten_o commandment_n to_o which_o as_o the_o author_n of_o the_o christian_a blessedness_n have_v right_o observe_v there_o be_v no_o sanction_n annex_v will_v he_o say_v that_o this_o precept_n stand_v as_o a_o cypher_n in_o the_o decalogue_n without_o pass_v any_o obligation_n upon_o the_o jew_n this_o indeed_o will_v make_v much_o to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o divine_a wisdom_n and_o represent_v god_n as_o a_o very_a notable_a lawgiver_n to_o usher_v in_o a_o law_n with_o so_o great_a solemnity_n and_o afterward_o write_v it_o with_o his_o own_o finger_n upon_o table_n of_o stone_n when_o it_o can_v signify_v nothing_o but_o only_o the_o fill_n up_o of_o a_o number_n and_o yet_o this_o as_o absurd_a as_o it_o be_v he_o must_v say_v that_o will_v make_v the_o sanction_n necessary_a to_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n if_o this_o be_v true_a than_o the_o ten_o commandment_n do_v not_o oblige_v but_o it_o seem_v the_o great_a apostle_n be_v of_o another_o judgement_n when_o he_o 7._o say_v i_o have_v not_o know_v sin_n but_o by_o the_o law_n for_o i_o have_v not_o know_v lust_n except_o the_o law_n have_v say_v thou_o shall_v not_o covet_v it_o seem_v then_o that_o lust_n be_v a_o sin_n and_o that_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o ten_o commandment_n which_o be_v here_o allege_a by_o the_o apostle_n to_o prove_v it_o so_o which_o therefore_o do_v oblige_v since_o without_o obligation_n as_o well_o as_o where_o there_o be_v no_o law_n there_o can_v be_v no_o transgression_n if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o although_o the_o ten_o commandment_n have_v no_o temporal_a sanction_n or_o civil_a penalty_n annex_v to_o it_o like_o the_o other_o nine_o yet_o it_o have_v a_o eternal_a sanction_n namely_o the_o reward_n and_o punishment_n of_o a_o future_a life_n and_o that_o it_o be_v by_o virtue_n of_o that_o sanction_n that_o it_o become_v obligatory_a i_o answer_v that_o this_o can_v not_o be_v any_o sanction_n to_o the_o jew_n to_o who_o it_o be_v not_o plain_o reveal_v though_o it_o be_v now_o to_o we_o christian_n who_o have_v a_o full_a and_o express_a revelation_n of_o it_o a_o sanction_n not_o publish_a be_v no_o sanction_n as_o much_o as_o a_o law_n not_o publish_v be_v no_o law_n that_o be_v to_o any_o real_a effect_n or_o purpose_n of_o government_n indeed_o of_o the_o two_o publication_n seem_v
more_o necessary_a to_o the_o sanction_n than_o to_o the_o law_n for_o oftentimes_o the_o natural_a and_o inward_a reasonableness_n of_o the_o thing_n may_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n supply_v the_o place_n of_o a_o express_a law_n as_o it_o do_v for_o a_o long_a time_n before_o there_o be_v any_o express_a law_n give_v but_o now_o punishment_n be_v a_o more_o arbitrary_a thing_n and_o that_o depend_v more_o upon_o the_o will_n of_o the_o governor_n and_o therefore_o unless_o there_o be_v a_o express_a declaration_n of_o it_o as_o there_o will_v be_v no_o certain_a ground_n of_o expect_v it_o so_o there_o will_v be_v little_a or_o no_o influence_n derive_v upon_o man_n from_o it_o which_o make_v it_o absolute_o necessary_a that_o the_o sanction_n shall_v be_v express_o declare_v and_o publish_v otherwise_o it_o will_v neither_o have_v the_o nature_n nor_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o sanction_n it_o may_v indeed_o be_v the_o secret_a intent_n and_o purpose_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n to_o inflict_v such_o a_o punishment_n for_o such_o a_o offence_n and_o perhaps_o in_o some_o case_n this_o may_v be_v just_o do_v without_o declare_v beforehand_o that_o he_o will_v do_v so_o and_o this_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o sanction_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n but_o unless_o this_o be_v open_o and_o plain_o declare_v it_o can_v be_v no_o sanction_n of_o the_o law_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v a_o sanction_n to_o those_o that_o be_v to_o be_v govern_v by_o it_o if_o god_n in_o his_o first_o solemn_a intercourse_n with_o adam_n after_o the_o precept_n give_v he_o have_v reserve_v that_o other_o clause_n to_o himself_o in_o the_o day_n that_o thou_o eat_v thou_o shall_v die_v or_o have_v communicate_v this_o his_o will_n and_o purpose_n to_o a_o angel_n or_o to_o any_o other_o be_v but_o not_o to_o adam_n himself_o can_v this_o have_v be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v in_o any_o respect_n a_o sanction_n to_o adam_n no_o certain_o because_o not_o manifest_v to_o he_o who_o concern_v it_o be_v nor_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n can_v the_o other_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o sanction_n to_o the_o jew_n it_o must_v therefore_o either_o be_v say_v that_o the_o ten_o commandment_n do_v not_o oblige_v the_o jew_n which_o i_o think_v will_v be_v a_o intolerable_a assertion_n and_o withal_o express_o against_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o apostle_n declare_v lust_n to_o have_v be_v a_o sin_n by_o virtue_n of_o that_o commandment_n or_o that_o it_o oblige_v they_o without_o any_o sanction_n and_o consequent_o that_o the_o sanction_n be_v not_o necessary_a to_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n which_o be_v the_o thing_n that_o i_o plead_v for_o if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o though_o the_o sanction_n be_v not_o necessary_a to_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n in_o general_n nor_o consequent_o to_o the_o obligation_n of_o all_o law_n yet_o it_o must_v be_v necessary_a to_o the_o obligation_n of_o human_a law_n because_o human_a law_n do_v not_o oblige_v under_o sin_n and_o therefore_o must_v oblige_v only_o under_o penalty_n and_o that_o therefore_o such_o law_n without_o a_o sanction_n will_v not_o oblige_v i_o answer_v first_o that_o this_o objection_n prove_v a_o great_a deal_n too_o much_o for_o upon_o this_o supposition_n the_o law_n will_v not_o oblige_v to_o action_n even_o with_o a_o sanction_n for_o it_o will_v not_o so_o oblige_v at_o all_o but_o we_o suppose_v here_o the_o law_n to_o have_v such_o a_o obligation_n and_o say_v that_o the_o sanction_n be_v not_o necessary_a to_o it_o and_o consequent_o that_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o sanction_n do_v not_o remove_v the_o obligation_n our_o present_a argument_n therefore_o be_v not_o concern_v in_o this_o objection_n we_o be_v here_o inquire_v what_o alteration_n the_o toleration_n have_v make_v in_o the_o state_n of_o thing_n by_o remove_v the_o sanction_n of_o the_o law_n whether_o it_o have_v thereby_o remove_v the_o obligation_n too_o we_o say_v it_o have_v not_o but_o that_o if_o the_o law_n have_v any_o obligation_n before_o it_o have_v so_o still_o because_o the_o sanction_n be_v not_o necessary_a to_o it_o but_o whether_o it_o have_v or_o no_o belong_v not_o to_o our_o present_a consideration_n which_o be_v only_o concern_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o toleration_n but_o to_o the_o absolute_a merit_n of_o the_o cause_n but_o however_o since_o it_o happen_v to_o come_v in_o my_o way_n this_o i_o say_v further_o that_o it_o be_v not_o at_o all_o necessary_a that_o human_a law_n shall_v be_v pure_o penal_a because_o they_o be_v human_a and_o consequent_o that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o all_o human_a law_n shall_v be_v so_o for_o whenever_o they_o be_v pure_o penal_a it_o be_v acknowledge_v that_o they_o oblige_v to_o punishment_n otherwise_o they_o will_v oblige_v to_o nothing_o which_o be_v the_o same_o as_o not_o to_o oblige_v at_o all_o and_o consequent_o will_v be_v no_o law_n but_o how_o come_v they_o to_o oblige_v to_o punishment_n but_o only_o by_o the_o will_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n invest_v with_o competent_a authority_n and_o if_o by_o that_o he_o can_v oblige_v to_o punishment_n then_o by_o the_o same_o have_v he_o so_o please_v he_o may_v have_v oblige_v to_o action_n for_o this_o be_v a_o most_o unquestionable_a rule_n that_o he_o who_o can_v oblige_v to_o punishment_n can_v also_o if_o he_o please_v oblige_v to_o action_n nay_o much_o rather_o it_o be_v a_o much_o great_a thing_n to_o oblige_v to_o suffer_v than_o to_o oblige_v to_o do._n human_a law_n therefore_o be_v not_o necessary_o to_o be_v suppose_v pure_o penal_a as_o they_o be_v human_a nor_o consequent_o ought_v all_o human_a law_n to_o be_v so_o esteem_v it_o be_v not_o from_o the_o different_a authority_n of_o the_o law_n but_o from_o the_o different_a intention_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n that_o any_o law_n become_v pure_o penal_a it_o be_v therefore_o by_o mere_a accident_n that_o human_a law_n be_v any_o of_o they_o pure_o penal_a and_o not_o from_o the_o specific_a nature_n of_o the_o law_n themselves_o which_o for_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v in_o their_o proper_a nature_n may_v oblige_v in_o conscience_n as_o well_o as_o any_o other_o law_n and_o that_o they_o do_v so_o oblige_v unless_o where_o it_o be_v otherwise_o express_v or_o insinuate_v in_o the_o form_n of_o the_o law_n be_v most_o certain_a the_o law_n of_o god_n require_v we_o to_o obey_v the_o law_n of_o man_n where_o they_o be_v not_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n but_o i_o need_v prosecute_v this_o no_o further_o since_o the_o excellent_a bishop_n sanderson_n have_v give_v the_o world_n sufficient_a satisfaction_n in_o this_o point_n in_o those_o judicious_a discourse_n of_o he_o de_fw-fr legum_n humanarum_fw-la obligatione_fw-la in_fw-la conscientia_fw-la if_o it_o be_v further_o urge_v which_o i_o think_v be_v the_o last_o reserve_v of_o this_o objection_n that_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o law_n do_v involve_v the_o removal_n of_o the_o sanction_n and_o why_o then_o will_v it_o not_o hold_v as_o much_o the_o other_o way_n that_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o sanction_n shall_v remove_v the_o law_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a disparity_n in_o the_o case_n the_o sanction_n be_v make_v pure_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o the_o law_n who_o it_o be_v to_o guard_v and_o defend_v and_o so_o serve_v to_o it_o as_o the_o mean_n do_v to_o the_o end_n and_o consequent_o if_o the_o law_n be_v abolish_v or_o suspend_v etc._n etc._n the_o sanction_n must_v needs_o fall_v in_o proportion_n with_o it_o but_o now_o the_o law_n be_v not_o make_v for_o the_o sake_n of_o the_o sanction_n but_o for_o the_o good_a of_o those_o who_o be_v to_o be_v govern_v by_o it_o and_o therefore_o though_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o law_n remove_v the_o sanction_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o therefore_o follow_v that_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o sanction_n shall_v in_o like_a manner_n carry_v with_o it_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o law_n to_o which_o after_o all_o i_o may_v add_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o the_o whole_a sanction_n of_o human_a law_n shall_v ever_o be_v remove_v for_o since_o the_o law_n of_o god_n require_v obedience_n to_o the_o law_n of_o man_n wherever_o it_o may_v be_v lawful_o pay_v and_o threaten_v those_o with_o the_o punishment_n of_o another_o life_n who_o be_v disobedient_a to_o public_a order_n and_o government_n in_o this_o though_o the_o human_a sanction_n shall_v be_v take_v away_o yet_o the_o divine_a sanction_n will_v still_o remain_v and_o as_o long_o as_o that_o do_v remain_v the_o whole_a sanction_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v remove_v this_o i_o may_v say_v for_o a_o reserve_v and_o i_o do_v not_o see_v what_o answer_n can_v be_v make_v to_o it_o but_o i_o think_v my_o cause_n be_v otherwise_o so_o well_o
it_o fall_v short_a of_o a_o abrogation_n which_o absolute_o and_o universal_o remove_v it_o and_o in_o that_o it_o do_v so_o much_o it_o exceed_v a_o toleration_n which_o only_o take_v off_o the_o penalty_n without_o so_o much_o as_o touch_v either_o the_o substance_n or_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o law_n and_o though_o this_o be_v clear_a and_o plain_a enough_o by_o the_o evidence_n of_o its_o own_o light_n yet_o i_o confess_v it_o be_v some_o satisfaction_n to_o i_o and_o it_o may_v be_v more_o so_o to_o other_o who_o set_v a_o great_a value_n upon_o authority_n than_o i_o do_v to_o find_v so_o great_a and_o so_o well-approved_a a_o judge_n of_o the_o abstract_n and_o general_a reason_n of_o law_n as_o the_o celebrate_a suarez_n to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o judgement_n with_o i_o in_o this_o matter_n for_o say_v he_o in_o 386._o his_o book_n de_fw-fr legibus_fw-la speak_v of_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o dispensation_n of_o a_o humane_a law_n dispensation_n plus_fw-la est_fw-la quam_fw-la 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dicetur_fw-la dispensatio_fw-la a_o dispensation_n be_v more_o than_o a_o permission_n or_o toleration_n for_o it_o be_v all_o one_o both_o as_o to_o the_o import_n of_o the_o word_n and_o suarez'_v constant_a way_n of_o use_v it_o and_o a_o permission_n proper_o take_v and_o according_a to_o common_a use_n be_v not_o a_o dispensation_n for_o sometime_o to_o permit_v signify_v no_o other_o than_o voluntary_o not_o to_o hinder_v which_o be_v not_o to_o dispense_v for_o god_n do_v permit_v sin_n in_o which_o he_o do_v not_o dispense_v sometime_o again_o to_o permit_v signify_v the_o same_o as_o to_o suffer_v the_o do_n of_o a_o evil_a with_o impunity_n as_o some_o sin_n be_v say_v to_o be_v permit_v in_o a_o commonwealth_n and_o when_o this_o be_v do_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o legal_a decree_n than_o such_o a_o permission_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o law_n but_o this_o do_v not_o relax_v the_o law_n in_o as_o much_o as_o it_o do_v not_o excuse_v the_o fault_n which_o a_o proper_a dispensation_n take_v away_o and_o therefore_o neither_o may_v this_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o dispensation_n suarez_n here_o distinguish_v of_o a_o twofold_a sufferance_n or_o toleration_n the_o suffer_v a_o evil_a to_o be_v do_v or_o the_o bear_v not_o hinder_v the_o do_v of_o it_o and_o the_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v do_v with_o impunity_n and_o both_o these_o he_o set_v below_o a_o dispensation_n the_o former_a kind_n of_o toleration_n be_v the_o least_o that_o can_v be_v imagine_v and_o indeed_o be_v so_o little_a as_o to_o be_v consistent_a with_o the_o strict_a kind_a or_o state_n of_o government_n that_o be_v all_o governor_n do_v tolerate_v at_o this_o rate_n even_o god_n himself_o who_o as_o he_o say_v do_v permit_v or_o not_o hinder_v the_o commit_n of_o sin_n the_o latter_a kind_n of_o toleration_n be_v a_o degree_n above_o the_o former_a as_o add_v to_o it_o the_o do_v with_o impunity_n and_o this_o indeed_o be_v too_o much_o to_o consist_v with_o the_o strictness_n of_o government_n and_o therefore_o be_v not_o use_v in_o every_o kind_a or_o state_n of_o it_o neither_o god_n nor_o man_n do_v always_o tolerate_v after_o this_o manner_n for_o indeed_o it_o be_v a_o relaxation_n of_o the_o government_n not_o as_o to_o the_o legislative_a but_o only_o as_o to_o the_o executive_a part_n of_o it_o but_o though_o it_o be_v so_o much_o great_a than_o the_o former_a sort_n of_o toleration_n yet_o it_o be_v also_o at_o the_o same_o time_n as_o much_o less_o than_o a_o dispensation_n in_o that_o a_o dispensation_n do_v in_o some_o respect_n whole_o suspend_v even_o the_o very_a obligation_n of_o the_o law_n which_o a_o toleration_n do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o relax_v or_o any_o way_n affect_v but_o only_o suspend_v the_o penalty_n annex_v to_o the_o transgression_n of_o it_o so_o that_o though_o it_o be_v some_o mitigation_n of_o the_o government_n and_o thereby_o exceed_v a_o bare_a simple_a permission_n yet_o it_o be_v no_o abatement_n of_o the_o law_n and_o therein_o fall_v short_a of_o a_o dispensation_n the_o short_a of_o this_o matter_n be_v all_o permission_n may_v be_v consider_v either_o as_o of_o right_n or_o of_o fact_n permission_n of_o right_n be_v the_o same_o with_o a_o dispensation_n which_o disarm_v the_o law_n of_o its_o present_a authority_n and_o obligation_n and_o make_v it_o no_o fault_n to_o do_v otherwise_o than_o be_v command_v permission_n of_o fact_n be_v twofold_a either_o the_o bare_a suffering_n or_o not_o hinder_v the_o do_v of_o a_o evil_a which_o may_v be_v call_v a_o simple_a permission_n or_o the_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v do_v without_o punishment_n which_o be_v a_o toleration_n this_o latter_a permission_n though_o it_o be_v great_a than_o the_o immediate_o precede_v yet_o it_o be_v as_o much_o less_o than_o the_o first_o as_o reach_v no_o high_a than_o the_o sanction_n whereas_o that_o put_v a_o present_a restraint_n upon_o the_o very_a power_n of_o the_o law_n this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v a_o true_a and_o distinct_a idea_n of_o a_o toleration_n both_o as_o it_o be_v in_o its_o own_o proper_a nature_n and_o as_o it_o stand_v in_o relation_n to_o other_o change_n that_o concern_v the_o administration_n of_o the_o law_n from_o who_o authority_n and_o obligation_n it_o do_v not_o in_o the_o least_o diminish_v but_o only_o lay_v a_o restraint_n upon_o the_o execution_n of_o it_o it_o do_v not_o divest_v the_o law_n of_o any_o part_n of_o her_o sovereignty_n but_o only_a sheath_n up_o her_o sword_n of_o discipline_n it_o do_v not_o silence_n her_o voice_n but_o only_o stay_v her_o hand_n in_o short_a there_o be_v nothing_o more_o nor_o less_o in_o it_o than_o a_o suspension_n of_o the_o penal_a part_n of_o the_o law_n this_o be_v all_o that_o it_o can_v do_v and_o perhaps_o more_o than_o it_o ought_v for_o i_o believe_v there_o aught_o to_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o toleration_n and_o that_o it_o be_v more_o than_o either_o the_o church_n or_o the_o state_n can_v rightful_o grant_v for_o not_o to_o insist_v upon_o that_o trust_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v repose_v in_o they_o to_o defend_v and_o secure_v both_o unity_n of_o faith_n and_o unity_n of_o worship_n if_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o toleration_n than_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v no_o establishment_n for_o to_o what_o purpose_n be_v a_o establishment_n who_o order_n must_v never_o be_v execute_v but_o it_o be_v a_o strange_a thing_n if_o human_a law_n may_v not_o be_v allow_v to_o oblige_v to_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o which_o the_o divine_a law_n be_v acknowledge_v to_o oblige_v that_o be_v to_o ecclesiastic_a unity_n which_o because_o require_v by_o the_o divine_a law_n ought_v also_o to_o be_v require_v by_o human_a law_n and_o consequent_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o toleration_n and_o beside_o those_o that_o say_v there_o aught_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v guilty_a of_o a_o contradictory_n self-inconsistent_a proposal_n and_o not_o right_o to_o understand_v what_o they_o will_v have_v for_o if_o they_o will_v have_v liberty_n of_o conscience_n grant_v to_o any_o then_o certain_o the_o supreme_a authority_n of_o the_o nation_n must_v be_v allow_v this_o liberty_n and_o then_o let_v we_o suppose_v as_o well_o we_o may_v that_o he_o think_v himself_o oblige_v in_o duty_n and_o conscience_n to_o use_v the_o power_n that_o be_v in_o his_o hand_n to_o suppress_v all_o religion_n but_o the_o true_a one_o that_o be_v all_z but_o that_o which_o he_o himself_o conceive_v to_o be_v true_a and_o what_o then_o will_v become_v of_o the_o toleration_n nor_o ought_v the_o magistrate_n to_o be_v blame_v for_o so_o do_v for_o have_v once_o allow_v in_o general_a that_o every_o man_n ought_v to_o have_v liberty_n of_o conscience_n you_o ought_v not_o to_o think_v it_o hard_o that_o the_o magistrate_n assume_v this_o liberty_n of_o act_v according_a to_o his_o conscience_n though_o by_o do_v so_o he_o restrain_v and_o hinder_v you_o as_o he_o
penalty_n then_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o no_o part_n of_o it_o be_v or_o can_v be_v derive_v from_o it_o to_o which_o i_o further_o add_v that_o the_o end_n of_o the_o sanction_n be_v to_o move_v and_o engage_v man_n to_o pay_v that_o obedience_n to_o the_o law_n which_o they_o owe._n it_o be_v indeed_o one_o of_o the_o forcible_a and_o violent_a way_n of_o recover_v a_o debt_n a_o debt_n which_o man_n owe_v to_o the_o law_n and_o which_o if_o they_o do_v not_o owe_v it_o can_v not_o be_v just_o exact_v from_o they_o under_o a_o penalty_n here_o then_o be_v duty_n and_o obligation_n suppose_v in_o order_n of_o nature_n at_o least_o as_o antecedent_n to_o the_o sanction_n and_o to_o which_o the_o sanction_n be_v to_o serve_v as_o a_o mean_n to_o the_o end_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n so_o in_o the_o measure_n of_o reason_v that_o the_o law_n do_v not_o derive_v its_o obligation_n nor_o any_o part_n or_o degree_n of_o it_o from_o the_o 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obligation_n which_o be_v here_o make_v not_o only_o a_o distinct_a but_o a_o further_a degree_n of_o argument_n for_o subjection_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o apostle_n the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n be_v not_o from_o the_o sanction_n because_o if_o so_o he_o need_v only_o have_v say_v you_o must_v be_v subject_a for_o wrath_n which_o will_v have_v be_v sufficient_a as_o include_v the_o other_o but_o whereas_o he_o make_v a_o contradistinction_n between_o they_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o he_o that_o be_v subject_a only_a for_o wrath_n be_v not_o subject_a for_o conscience_n and_o consequent_o that_o obligation_n in_o conscience_n do_v not_o proceed_v from_o wrath_n but_o from_o some_o other_o principle_n if_o it_o be_v then_o demand_v whence_o do_v the_o law_n receive_v its_o obligation_n i_o answer_v first_o that_o it_o be_v enough_o for_o my_o present_a purpose_n to_o have_v show_v that_o it_o do_v not_o receive_v it_o from_o the_o sanction_n but_o if_o a_o more_o positive_a answer_n must_v be_v give_v i_o say_v that_o the_o law_n have_v its_o obligation_n from_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n who_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o authority_n have_v a_o right_a to_o be_v obey_v and_o to_o exact_a obedience_n by_o punishment_n in_o all_o his_o just_a command_n and_o this_o they_o will_v at_o length_n be_v drive_v to_o acknowledge_v who_o derive_v the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n from_o the_o sanction_n for_o when_o they_o say_v that_o the_o law_n oblige_v by_o and_o from_o the_o sanction_n they_o must_v be_v understand_v to_o mean_v if_o their_o sense_n be_v draw_v out_o more_o at_o length_n that_o the_o law_n oblige_v i_o to_o do_v so_o because_o it_o oblige_v i_o to_o suffer_v for_o not_o do_v so_o but_o pray_v how_o come_v the_o law_n to_o oblige_v i_o to_o the_o latter_a to_o suffer_v for_o not_o do_v so_o be_v this_o by_o virtue_n of_o any_o other_o sanction_n but_o so_o we_o may_v run_v on_o to_o infinity_o it_o must_v be_v therefore_o by_o something_o else_o and_o what_o shall_v that_o be_v but_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n and_o if_o this_o be_v think_v sufficient_a to_o authorize_v the_o sanction_n why_o shall_v it_o not_o also_o authorize_v the_o law_n if_o it_o be_v further_o ask_v whence_o have_v the_o lawgiver_n his_o authority_n i_o answer_v if_o he_o be_v a_o creature_n he_o have_v it_o from_o god_n who_o i_o suppose_v to_o be_v the_o sole_a fountain_n of_o all_o power_n but_o if_o the_o lawgiver_n be_v god_n he_o have_v it_o original_o and_o independent_o in_o himself_o but_o whether_o it_o be_v by_o the_o more_o super-eminency_n of_o his_o nature_n as_o some_o say_v or_o by_o the_o benefit_n of_o creation_n as_o other_o let_v they_o dispute_v that_o abound_v with_o more_o leisure_n than_o i_o do_v and_o want_v better_a employment_n but_o though_o the_o sanction_n do_v not_o give_v the_o law_n its_o obligation_n or_o any_o part_n of_o it_o may_v it_o not_o however_o be_v necessary_a to_o it_o yes_o if_o make_v so_o by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o legislator_n as_o i_o say_v before_o establish_v such_o a_o connexion_n between_o they_o that_o upon_o the_o cease_v of_o the_o one_o the_o other_o also_o shall_v cease_v but_o not_o in_o any_o wise_a from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n for_o if_o it_o be_v of_o itself_o necessary_a it_o must_v either_o be_v as_o a_o cause_n or_o as_o a_o condition_n that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a as_o a_o cause_n we_o have_v sufficient_o prove_v already_o by_o show_v that_o it_o have_v no_o part_n in_o effect_v or_o produce_v the_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n if_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a it_o must_v be_v necessary_a as_o a_o condition_n but_o that_o it_o be_v not_o i_o will_v now_o brief_o show_v by_o a_o condition_n i_o understand_v that_o which_o though_o it_o have_v no_o causal_n influence_n upon_o the_o effect_n yet_o it_o so_o determine_v the_o efficient_a cause_n to_o act_v as_o that_o without_o it_o 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reason_n pretend_v why_o the_o sanction_n will_v be_v a_o condition_n necessary_a to_o the_o actual_a oblige_v of_o it_o but_o only_o as_o it_o may_v be_v esteem_v a_o sign_n that_o such_o a_o proposition_n be_v the_o will_n of_o the_o legislator_n for_o the_o law_n have_v its_o whole_a and_o full_a authority_n within_o its_o self_n independent_o on_o the_o sanction_n needs_o only_o a_o public_a sign_n that_o it_o be_v indeed_o the_o will_n of_o such_o a_o power_n to_o make_v it_o actual_o oblige_v if_o therefore_o the_o sanction_n be_v necessary_a it_o must_v be_v necessary_a as_o a_o sign_n but_o that_o end_n be_v already_o sufficient_o answer_v and_o satisfy_v by_o the_o promulgation_n of_o the_o law_n it_o can_v pretend_v to_o any_o such_o necessity_n and_o therefore_o to_o none_o at_o all_o and_o according_o we_o see_v that_o even_o a_o solemn_a promulgation_n itself_o when_o it_o cease_v to_o be_v necessary_a as_o a_o sign_n cease_v absolute_o to_o be_v necessary_a as_o appear_v in_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o because_o it_o may_v be_v and_o be_v otherwise_o know_v than_o by_o a_o solemn_a publication_n of_o it_o render_v that_o circumstance_n whole_o unnecessary_a the_o sum_n be_v if_o the_o sanction_n be_v necessary_a it_o be_v necessary_a as_o a_o public_a sign_n that_o be_v the_o only_a thing_n suppose_v to_o be_v further_o want_v where_o the_o law_n be_v otherwise_o sufficient_o authentic_a but_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a on_o that_o account_n because_o of_o the_o promulgation_n which_o full_o and_o direct_o serve_v to_o that_o end_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o at_o all_o necessary_a but_o may_v not_o the_o sanction_n be_v necessary_a as_o a_o sign_n where_o the_o law_n be_v not_o
mr._n hales_n a_o very_a free_a and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n judicious_a writer_n and_o one_o very_o remarkable_a for_o his_o moderation_n especial_o as_o to_o all_o church-matter_n and_o who_o write_v of_o schism_n with_o all_o the_o tenderness_n imaginable_a handle_v it_o as_o if_o he_o be_v feel_v the_o edge_n of_o a_o razor_n and_o yet_o after_o all_o his_o endeavour_n to_o reduce_v it_o into_o as_o narrow_a a_o compass_n as_o he_o can_v by_o make_v as_o few_o guilty_a of_o it_o as_o may_v be_v he_o can_v find_v nothing_o to_o justify_v separation_n but_o only_a sinfulness_n of_o communion_n as_o may_v appear_v from_o several_a passage_n that_o occur_v in_o his_o tract_n of_o schism_n for_o say_v he_o page_z 195._o for_o the_o further_a open_v the_o nature_n of_o schism_n something_o must_v be_v add_v by_o way_n of_o difference_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o necessary_a separation_n and_o that_o be_v that_o the_o cause_n upon_o which_o division_n be_v attempt_v proceed_v not_o from_o passion_n or_o distemper_n or_o ambition_n or_o avarice_n or_o such_o other_o end_v as_o human_a folly_n be_v apt_a to_o pursue_v but_o from_o well-weighed_a and_o necessary_a reason_n and_o that_o when_o all_o other_o mean_v have_v be_v try_v nothing_o will_v serve_v to_o save_v we_o from_o guilt_n of_o conscience_n but_o open_a separation_n so_o that_o schism_n if_o we_o will_v define_v it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o unnecessary_a separation_n of_o christian_n from_o that_o part_n of_o the_o visible_a church_n of_o which_o they_o be_v once_o member_n again_o say_v he_o page_z 198._o unadvised_o and_o upon_o fancy_n to_o break_v the_o knot_n of_o union_n between_o man_n and_o man_n especial_o among_o christian_n upon_o who_o above_o all_o other_o kind_n of_o man_n the_o tie_n of_o love_n and_o communion_n do_v most_o especial_o rest_v be_v a_o crime_n hardly_o pardonable_a and_o that_o nothing_o absolve_v a_o man_n from_o the_o guilt_n of_o it_o but_o true_a and_o unpretended_a conscience_n again_o say_v he_o page_z 209._o what_o if_o those_o to_o who_o care_n the_o execution_n of_o the_o public_a service_n be_v commit_v do_v something_o unlawful_a etc._n etc._n yet_o for_o all_o this_o we_o may_v not_o separate_v except_o we_o be_v constrain_v personal_o to_o bear_v a_o part_n ourselves_o the_o priest_n under_o eli_n have_v so_o ill_o demean_v themselves_o about_o the_o daily_a sacrifice_n that_o the_o scripture_n tell_v we_o they_o make_v it_o stink_v yet_o the_o people_n refuse_v not_o to_o come_v to_o the_o tabernacle_n nor_o to_o bring_v their_o sacrifice_n to_o the_o priest_n for_o in_o these_o schism_n which_o concern_v fact_n nothing_o can_v be_v a_o just_a cause_n of_o refusal_n of_o communion_n but_o only_o to_o require_v the_o execution_n of_o some_o unlawful_a or_o suspect_v act._n again_o say_v he_o page_z 215._o why_o may_v i_o not_o go_v if_o occasion_n require_v to_o a_o arian_n church_n so_o there_o be_v no_o arianism_n express_v in_o their_o liturgy_n and_o again_o last_o page_n 227._o speak_v of_o conventicle_n say_v he_o it_o evident_o appear_v that_o all_o meeting_n upon_o unnecessary_a occasion_n of_o separation_n be_v to_o be_v so_o style_v so_o that_o in_o this_o sense_n a_o conventicle_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o congregation_n of_o schismatic_n from_o these_o and_o other_o like_a passage_n any_o one_o may_v be_v satisfy_v that_o mr._n hales_n with_o all_o his_o moderation_n can_v not_o but_o see_v that_o where_o separation_n be_v not_o necessary_a there_o communion_n be_v and_o that_o to_o depart_v from_o the_o communion_n of_o a_o visible_a establish_v church_n with_o who_o you_o may_v lawful_o communicate_v be_v to_o be_v guilty_a of_o schism_n and_o so_o much_o seem_v to_o be_v grant_v even_o by_o the_o author_n of_o the_o letter_n of_o toleration_n who_o define_v schism_n to_o be_v a_o ill_a ground_a 86._o separation_n in_o ecclesiastical_a communion_n make_v about_o thing_n not_o necessary_a it_o be_v true_a indeed_o by_o thing_n not_o necessary_a this_o author_n mean_v as_o he_o afterward_o explain_v himself_o thing_n not_o express_o contain_v in_o the_o rule_n make_v he_o a_o schismatic_a that_o separate_v from_o a_o church_n because_o that_o church_n do_v not_o require_v what_o the_o scripture_n do_v not_o but_o this_o will_v come_v to_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n for_o why_o be_v he_o a_o schismatic_a that_o make_v a_o separation_n from_o a_o church_n for_o not_o require_v more_o than_o be_v express_o contain_v in_o scripture_n but_o only_o because_o he_o may_v communicate_v with_o that_o church_n notwithstanding_o this_o her_o frugality_n and_o reservedness_n and_o consequent_o his_o separation_n be_v unnecessary_a this_o be_v the_o thing_n into_o which_o the_o schism_n of_o such_o a_o separatist_n must_v be_v at_o last_o resolve_v and_o then_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n why_o be_v not_o he_o as_o much_o a_o schismatic_a that_o separate_v from_o a_o church_n that_o do_v require_v more_o than_o the_o scripture_n express_o contain_v provide_v it_o be_v not_o contrary_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o scripture_n since_o with_o this_o church_n he_o may_v also_o lawful_o communicate_v and_o therefore_o have_v no_o necessity_n for_o his_o separation_n it_o be_v the_o unnecessity_n of_o the_o separation_n that_o in_o both_o case_n make_v the_o schism_n so_o that_o this_o notion_n of_o our_o author_n though_o at_o first_o sight_n it_o seem_v to_o offer_v somewhat_o new_a resolve_v itself_o at_o long_o run_v into_o the_o old_a common_a notion_n of_o schism_n which_o have_v all_o along_o obtain_v in_o the_o christian_a world_n wherever_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o separate_a there_o the_o church_n have_v a_o right_a to_o communion_n which_o to_o withhold_v from_o she_o be_v schism_n or_o else_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o schism_n in_o the_o world_n this_o right_a the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v before_o her_o fall_n into_o her_o gross_a corruption_n and_o this_o right_a the_o church_n of_o england_n and_o all_o other_o church_n have_v that_o be_v reform_v from_o they_o and_o this_o right_n every_o lawful_o constitute_v church_n have_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o divine_a law_n which_o be_v her_o original_a charta_n and_o which_o of_o itself_o lay_v upon_o all_o christian_n a_o sufficient_a obligation_n to_o church-unity_n though_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o civil_a authority_n to_o back_n and_o enforce_v it_o for_o indeed_o unless_o it_o be_v so_o how_o can_v there_o be_v such_o a_o thing_n as_o the_o sign_n of_o schism_n in_o the_o apostle_n time_n and_o in_o the_o more_o primitive_a age_n of_o the_o church_n there_o be_v then_o no_o civil_a law_n to_o oblige_v christian_n to_o church-communion_n so_o far_o from_o this_o that_o the_o edge_n and_o point_n of_o the_o civil_a sword_n be_v turn_v direct_o against_o it_o the_o state_n and_o the_o church_n than_o not_o only_o move_v in_o two_o different_n but_o in_o two_o opposite_a sphere_n and_o yet_o we_o find_v that_o in_o those_o early_a time_n the_o sin_n of_o schism_n be_v as_o much_o condemn_v and_o schismatical_a person_n as_o deep_o brand_v as_o in_o any_o of_o the_o after_o age_n nay_o more_o indeed_o because_o of_o the_o singularity_n and_o strangeness_n of_o the_o crime_n punish_v indeed_o they_o can_v not_o so_o well_o be_v for_o want_v of_o the_o concurrence_n of_o the_o civil_a sword_n which_o be_v not_o then_o in_o a_o christian_a hand_n but_o they_o be_v censure_v and_o condemn_v and_o according_a to_o the_o apostle_n admonition_n those_o be_v mark_v and_o avoid_v that_o cause_v division_n and_o therefore_o though_o we_o shall_v allow_v the_o present_a toleration_n to_o silence_n the_o civil_a law_n whereby_o conformity_n be_v enjoin_v which_o yet_o from_o the_o premise_n appear_v to_o be_v far_o otherwise_o yet_o since_o the_o divine_a law_n require_v all_o possible_a unity_n stand_v uncancel_v for_o sure_o the_o toleration_n will_v be_v pretend_v to_o reach_v that_o those_o that_o make_v caufeless_a and_o unnecessary_a division_n will_v still_o be_v guilty_a of_o schism_n notwithstanding_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o toleration_n which_o i_o be_o afraid_a will_v prove_v but_o a_o indifferent_a plea_n for_o separation_n at_o the_o last_o day_n to_o those_o that_o have_v no_o better_o what_o then_o you_o will_v say_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o toleration_n or_o what_o can_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v the_o just_a and_o reasonable_a intent_n of_o it_o i_o answer_v as_o to_o the_o effect_n it_o can_v release_v at_o all_o from_o any_o precede_a obligation_n it_o do_v not_o release_v so_o much_o as_o from_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n who_o penalty_n it_o only_o suspend_v much_o less_o do_v it_o release_v from_o obligation_n to_o the_o divine_a law_n with_o which_o it_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v and_o upon_o which_o it_o have_v