that_o recreation_n compass_v the_o country_n take_v many_o wild_a beast_n alive_a and_o from_o every_o country_n where_o he_o catch_v they_o carry_v of_o the_o same_o earth_n together_o with_o the_o beast_n back_o with_o he_o to_o rome_n augustus_n as_o his_o manner_n be_v sit_v in_o the_o circus_n to_o he_o come_v augarus_n show_v he_o the_o beast_n and_o the_o earth_n and_o which_o country_n earth_n belong_v to_o every_o beast_n the_o earth_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v lay_v in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o circus_n and_o all_o the_o beast_n to_o be_v let_v go_v from_o one_o place_n whereupon_o every_o beast_n leave_v one_o another_o run_v to_o the_o country_n earth_n from_o whence_o he_o be_v take_v the_o emperor_n behold_v it_o long_o and_o earnest_o wonder_v to_o see_v nature_n untaught_a make_v even_o to_o beast_n their_o native_a earth_n desirable_a of_o which_o augarus_n make_v use_v as_o a_o argument_n for_o his_o desire_n to_o return_v to_o his_o native_a country_n augustus_n overcome_v with_o the_o argument_n though_o unwilling_o yet_o grant_v his_o desire_n this_o be_v that_o i_o say_v to_o which_o by_o nature_n we_o have_v a_o inclination_n and_o enforce_v a_o certain_a natural_a propensity_n which_o tend_v we_o towards_o our_o first_o original_a be_v shall_v those_o mean_n than_o be_v slight_v which_o bring_v thing_n distinct_o separate_v to_o this_o first_o source_n and_o fountain_n there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o secret_a impulse_n which_o with_o pleasure_n and_o delight_n carry_v we_o to_o this_o search_n but_o what_o it_o be_v we_o know_v no_o more_o than_o what_o be_v sympathy_n by_o this_o i_o be_v carry_v out_o to_o this_o work_n and_o hope_v courteous_a reader_n it_o will_v gain_v your_o favourable_a acceptation_n at_o least_o by_o way_n of_o excuse_n to_o favour_v it_o with_o a_o abatement_n of_o your_o expectation_n of_o the_o exquisite_a ingredient_n of_o language_n and_o method_n for_o serious_o my_o rude_a minerva_n can_v achieve_v they_o all_o that_o i_o pretend_v unto_o be_v to_o retire_v myself_o unto_o my_o homely-antient-native_a earth_n than_o which_o no_o other_o turf_n at_o present_a better_a please_v i_o if_o any_o particular_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o irregularity_n of_o this_o discourse_n may_v seem_v to_o be_v pass_v over_o it_o be_v not_o the_o proceed_v of_o fear_n to_o enter_v upon_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o cause_n or_o in_o the_o least_o out_o of_o any_o design_n to_o prevaricate_v and_o perhaps_o in_o those_o case_n if_o any_o such_o there_o be_v my_o thought_n be_v and_o i_o be_o persuade_v you_o will_v find_v that_o such_o particular_n under_o some_o one_o or_o the_o like_a head_n have_v be_v already_o answer_v my_o labour_n and_o intentive_a aim_n and_o scope_n have_v be_v as_o much_o as_o i_o can_v to_o avoid_v tautology_n which_o be_v a_o difficult_a task_n to_o be_v perform_v in_o such_o contest_v where_o the_o maxim_n receive_v prove_v mistake_v or_o erroneous_a which_o frequent_o engage_v a_o simular_a resiliency_n upon_o all_o deduction_n thence_o enforce_v i_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o such_o particular_n whereon_o i_o guess_v mr._n s._n lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o his_o structure_n to_o be_v the_o text_n and_o head_n of_o my_o several_a chapter_n wherein_o be_v first_o show_v the_o probability_n that_o in_o all_o first_o plantation_n there_o be_v the_o practice_n of_o partition_n next_o that_o the_o britain_n the_o aborigenes_n and_o first_o planter_n of_o our_o isle_n have_v the_o knowledge_n and_o usage_n of_o it_o and_o that_o the_o several_a invader_n and_o conqueror_n of_o our_o island_n do_v not_o alter_v the_o ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n thereof_o that_o the_o knowledge_n and_o use_n of_o the_o word_n savel_n be_v still_o among_o the_o cambro-brytains_n the_o scope_n of_o the_o whole_a work_n be_v to_o prove_v it_o of_o a_o british_a original_a and_o that_o all_o their_o law_n do_v centre_n ancient_o upon_o partition_n it_o discourse_n when_o and_o for_o what_o reason_n primogeniture_n swallow_v up_o partition_n and_o have_v the_o preference_n with_o several_a accidental_n relate_v to_o the_o understanding_n of_o ancient_a history_n which_o intermixture_n all_o the_o section_n and_o chapter_n have_v but_o in_o this_o i_o shall_v refer_v you_o to_o they_o or_o to_o the_o table_n the_o latin_a tract_n print_v at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o book_n as_o i_o think_v and_o i_o believe_v when_o you_o have_v read_v it_o you_o will_v be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n be_v write_v in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o surname_v by_o our_o writer_n beauclerk_n the_o son_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n make_v above_o five_o hundred_o and_o threescore_o year_n since_o in_o which_o be_v several_a matter_n to_o be_v find_v that_o be_v worthy_a remark_n among_o the_o rest_n a_o catalogue_n which_o i_o never_o meet_v with_o in_o any_o history_n before_o this_o extant_a of_o those_o that_o contribute_v ship_n in_o the_o great_a norman_a expedition_n i_o can_v guess_v at_o the_o author_n name_n yet_o by_o what_o he_o concerned_o insist_o upon_o in_o one_o place_n i_o judge_v he_o to_o be_v a_o monk_n of_o battle_n abbey_n found_v by_o william_n the_o first_o near_o that_o place_n where_o he_o have_v the_o victory_n over_o harald_n this_o be_v but_o guess_v however_o that_o this_o treatise_n may_v not_o be_v as_o it_o be_v bury_v and_o to_o the_o lover_n of_o this_o study_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o smallness_n not_o easy_o find_v i_o have_v adventure_v to_o set_v it_o out_o to_o accompany_v this_o my_o discourse_n for_o the_o use_n of_o those_o that_o be_v lover_n of_o antiquity_n i_o will_v not_o be_v too_o tedious_a in_o preface_v nor_o oblige_v any_o to_o think_v that_o a_o plausible_a prologue_n will_v better_v a_o bad_a play_n make_v trial_n and_o if_o then_o candid_a reader_n this_o find_v your_o courteous_a acceptance_n it_o will_v engage_v the_o not-confident_a author_n in_o his_o other_o study_n to_o be_v you_o s._n t._n a_o table_n of_o the_o chief_a passage_n and_o denomination_n in_o the_o follow_a tract_n a._n a_o cangre_n in_o hantescira_n fol._n 66_o adder_n about_o the_o neck_n of_o a_o new_a bear_v child_n fol._n 22_o adultery_n the_o forfeiture_n and_o punishment_n of_o it_o fol._n 71_o 72_o aethelbert_n king_n translate_v the_o welsh_a law_n fol._n 53_o aethelstan_n king_n his_o law_n concern_v the_o welsh_a fol._n 52_o aetius_n the_o consul_n who_o fol._n 36_o alban_n st._n his_o trouble_n and_o death_n fol._n 32_o albania_n fol._n 86_o alured_n king_n his_o law_n of_o mulct_n what_o fol._n 54_o allegiance_n and_o fealty_n by_o oath_n its_o antiquity_n fol._n 55_o 61_o alcabala_n or_o alcavala_n in_o spain_n what_o fol._n 114_o alphredus_fw-la magnus_fw-la translate_v the_o law_n of_o molmutius_n dunwallo_n out_o of_o british_a into_o saxon_a fol._n 54_o alwi_n filius_fw-la turber_n de_fw-fr rochborn_n fol._n 66_o 68_o ambrose_n telisinus_n the_o ancient_a british_a bard_n fol._n 84_o 85_o antiquity_n of_o the_o welsh_a law_n fol._n 154_o 155_o ancient_a custom_n fol._n 70_o arm_n descend_v to_o brethren_n by_o gavel_n fol._n 139_o armorica_n expound_v fol._n 146_o b._n bard_n fol._n 19_o 20_o bard_n genealogist_n for_o the_o britain_n fol._n 20_o the_o honour_n due_a to_o they_o fol._n 23_o base_a brytain_n in_o france_n and_o cornwall_n mutual_a understand_v each_o other_o fol._n 146_o bastard_n inherit_v with_o the_o legitimate_a of_o wales_n fol._n 28_o the_o like_a in_o ireland_n fol._n 153_o beer-gavel_a fol._n 119_o bigott_n what_o in_o signification_n fol._n 178_o boer_n what_o fol._n 175_o boadicea_n queen_n of_o the_o iceni_n her_o speech_n fol._n 32_o 33_o bordmanni_n what_o fol._n 169_o 172_o borough-english_a tenure_n fol._n 102_o brehon_n law_n in_o ireland_n fol._n 99_o 153_o brecknoc_n fol._n 94_o bristelmestune_n fol._n 116_o 171_o britain_n ancient_o free_v fol._n 16_o 35_o not_o exile_v out_o of_o kent_n fol._n 38_o co-inhabit_a with_o the_o saxon_n fol._n 37_o their_o custom_n concern_v saint_n fol._n 91_o expel_v the_o pict_n from_o scotland_n fol._n 164_o 165_o settle_v themselves_o in_o the_o lowland_n of_o scotland_n ibid._n descend_v of_o the_o trojan_n fol._n 83_o 84_o british_a language_n fol._n 12_o british_a propriety_n fol._n 16_o british_a valour_n fear_v by_o the_o roman_n ibid._n british_a basket_n fol._n 31_o british_a race_n extend_v fol._n 48_o british_a gavel_n and_o german_a landscheuten_n the_o same_o fol._n 137_o british_a law_n make_v by_o molmutius_n dunwallo_n fol._n 154_o collect_v and_o reform_v by_o howel-dha_a ibid._n brute_n fol._n 84_o 85_o brute_n partition_n fol._n 15_o 16_o 85_o brytania_n from_o bryton_n fol._n 87_o building_n of_o the_o saxon_n fol._n 79_o 80_o building_n of_o the_o norman_n ibid._n burgage_n what_o fol._n 171_o c._n caer_fw-mi what_o fol._n 134_o castrum_n or_o chester_n what_o ibid._n caesar_n war_n against_o the_o
britain_n fol._n 14_o repulse_v by_o the_o britain_n ibid._n he_o conquer_a not_o britain_n ibid._n calumniare_fw-la in_o law_n what_o fol._n 65_o camolodunum_n fol._n 34_o cambria_n camber_n cwmrt_n cwmraeg_n fol._n 86_o cantref_n what_o fol._n 96_o canutus_n his_o law_n of_o partition_n fol._n 141_o 142_o 143_o caractacus_n prince_n of_o the_o silures_n fol._n 34_o he_o assert_v the_o british_a liberty_n ibid._n his_o protestation_n before_o battle_n ibid._n castle_n on_o border_n of_o scotland_n etc._n etc._n fol._n 79_o cattle_n of_o more_o value_v than_o land_n fol._n 28_o cattle_n dischage_v fine_n &_o amerciament_n fol._n 29_o cerdiford_n in_o hampshire_n out_o of_o domesdey_n fol._n 65_o cennedl_n what_o fol._n 132_o character_n of_o saxon_a fol._n 76_o charter_n of_o saxon_a sign_v by_o the_o norman_a king_n fol._n 76_o change_n from_o villeinage_n to_o gavelkind_n fol._n 157_o 158_o chief_a justice_n fol._n 69_o chief_n in_o urchenfield_n fol._n 110_o chedder_n in_o somersetshire_n fol._n 117_o child_n no_o kindred_n to_o the_o parent_n fol._n 131_o churl_n what_o fol._n 168_o city_n their_o original_a fol._n 7_o claudius_n his_o temple_n fol._n 34_o claim_v and_o recovery_n of_o land_n against_o norman_n fol._n 65_o clergyman_n gentleman_n by_o the_o welsh_a law_n fol._n 173_o clown_n or_o colonus_n what_o fol._n 168_o 177_o cohabitancia_n what_o fol._n 7_o conan_n tindaethwy_n fol._n 26_o conquest_n and_o conqueror_n what_o fol._n 56_o coverfeu_n fol._n 74_o constantine_n the_o great_a fol._n 87_o common_a law_n fol._n 69_o 145_o county_n not_o ancient_o in_o wales_n fol._n 94_o competition_n betwixt_o kent_n and_o urchenfield_n fol._n 106_o cornish_a understand_v base_a british_a and_o welsh_a fol._n 146_o cottager_n and_o cottage_n what_o fol._n 169_o cuntune_v in_o hampshire_n fol._n 66_o custom_n that_o be_v ancient_a fol._n 70_o 150_o custom_n of_o the_o welsh_a fol._n 71_o 132_o cwmmwd_n what_o fol._n 96_o custom_n and_o common_a right_a fol._n 152_o d._n d._n davies_n his_o welsh_a dictionary_n fol._n 98_o danelaege_n what_o fol._n 54_o 57_o 58_o danish_a impression_n on_o our_o law_n fol._n 54_o 55_o daniel_n samuel_n examine_v fol._n 57_o deed_n for_o gavelkind_a fol._n 124_o 125_o 126_o deed_n explain_v produce_v by_o mr._n s._n ibid._n discourse_n polemical_a much_o irregular_a fol._n 3_o division_n intestine_a facilitate_v conquest_n fol._n 16_o division_n of_o wales_n fol._n 96_o domboc_n what_o fol._n 53_o 54_o domesman_n what_o fol._n 110_o 111_o donald_n the_o 5_o lose_a scotland_n to_o the_o saxon_n etc._n etc._n fol._n 163_o 164_o ðâ—pihinge_n what_o fol._n 70_o druid_n fol._n 16_o the_o british_a judge_n fol._n 17_o their_o learning_n ibid._n their_o judicial_a employment_n ibid._n their_o determination_n of_o right_a ibid._n cause_v execution_n of_o penal_a law_n ibid._n britain_n their_o gymnasium_n fol._n 17_o they_o cease_v fol._n 19_o dubritius_fw-la prince_n and_o bishop_n fol._n 90_o dûn_n what_o it_o signify_v fol._n 116_o dun_n a_o paix_fw-fr in_o scotland_n fol._n 165_o 166_o dutch_a landscheuten_n what_o fol._n 136_o 137_o e._n edgar_z king_n his_o law_n what_o fol._n 54_o 55_o confirm_v by_o the_o conqueror_n fol._n 58_o edgar_n etheling_n fol._n 60_o edlin_n expound_v fol._n 49_o edward_n king_n his_o law_n fol._n 55_o confirm_v by_o the_o conqueror_n fol._n 58_o 59_o edward_n king_n his_o law_n concern_v the_o welsh_a fol._n 51_o 52_o edwin_n and_o morchar_n earl_n fol._n 6â—_n edric_n silvaticus_n or_o savage_a fol._n 7â—_n elder_a son_n among_o the_o britain_n fol._n 49_o english_a recover_v land_n against_o the_o norman_n fol._n 65_o 66_o english_a normanize_v fol._n 76_o england_n fol._n 87_o english_a settle_v in_o scotland_n fol._n 162_o engine_n or_o urchinfield_n their_o king_n fol._n 44_o 45_o error_n once_o receive_v and_o take_v for_o grant_v fol._n 2_o erdisley_n in_o herefordshire_n fol._n 79_o escuage_z ancient_o fol._n 171_o ethelbert_n king_n his_o translation_n of_o the_o welsh_a law_n fol._n 53_o ethelred_n king_n his_o law_n of_o trial_n fol._n 64_o eubages_fw-la british_a philosopher_n fol._n 20_o exchequer_n when_o erect_v fol._n 74_o f._n fashion_n saxon_a and_o norman_a fol._n 74_o 75_o fealty_n or_o allegiance_n very_o ancient_a fol._n 55_o fee_n feudum_fw-la or_o feodum_fw-la what_o fol._n 170_o 171._o fee-tayl_n its_o original_a fol._n 170_o feminine_a conduct_n among_o the_o britain_n fol._n 33_o feofamentum_fw-la vetus_fw-la &_o novum_fw-la fol._n 140_o fight_a form_n change_v by_o the_o english_a fol._n 77_o for-gavel_a fol._n 118_o fortification_n of_o roman_n saxon_n and_o norman_n fol._n 77_o 78_o 79_o forfeiture_n of_o land_n upon_o what_o ground_n to_o king_n william_n fol._n 67_o 68_o fortalices_fw-la fol._n 79_o fortify_v house_n ancient_a ib._n foster-children_n in_o wales_n divide_v with_o foster-brethren_n fol._n 28_o freeman_n or_o liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la what_o fol._n 108_o french_a do_v use_v partition_n fol._n 11_o french_a tenure_n of_o partition_n fol._n 12_o french_a how_o use_v in_o our_o law_n fol._n 69_o g._n gable_n gablum_fw-la gabulum_fw-la what_o fol._n 113_o 114_o 115_o gabelle_n among_o the_o french_a fol._n 114_o gablum_fw-la signify_v rend_v fol._n 116_o 117_o 158_o 159_o gablatores_fw-la fol._n 117_o gabella_n fol._n 123_o galfridus_n monumethensis_fw-la defend_v against_o polydore_n virgil_n fol._n 83_o gallic_a custom_n fol._n 11_o gallic_a colony_n fol._n 12_o gavel_n as_o mr._n s._n expound_v it_o what_o fol._n 112_o gavel-gyldam_a fol._n 119_o gavel-man_n fol._n 120_o gavelate_v a_o writ_n fol._n 121_o 122_o 123_o gavel_n in_o denomination_n fol._n 89_o 90_o in_o the_o british_a dictionary_n fol._n 92_o what_o it_o signify_v fol._n 92_o 93_o not_o impose_v by_o the_o norman_n fol._n 95_o use_v in_o welsh_a subdivision_n of_o land_n fol._n 96_o several_a sort_n of_o gavel_n fol._n 102_o 103_o welsh_a law_n for_o gavelkynd_n fol._n 103_o 104_o 105_o 106_o gavelkynd_n a_o mark_n of_o the_o ancient_n briton_n fol._n 152_o 153_o the_o hinge_n of_o the_o british_a law_n fol._n 155_o 156_o gavelkind_n in_o scotland_n fol._n 159_o gavelkind_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n fol._n 4_o in_o all_o first_o plantation_n fol._n 5_o antiquity_n of_o it_o fol._n 18_o 137_o among_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n fol._n 24_o the_o signification_n of_o it_o fol._n 26_o the_o evil_a and_o mischief_n of_o it_o fol._n 27_o 81._o the_o best_a use_n of_o it_o fol._n 27_o that_o it_o be_v extra_fw-la cantium_n fol._n 89_o 151_o gavelkind_n in_o the_o term_n owe_v itself_o to_o partition_n fol._n 149_o gavelkind_n in_o the_o statute_n of_o wales_n fol._n 98_o practise_v in_o urchenfield_n fol._n 100_o hold_v rend_v free_a fol._n 123_o 124_o gavel-kind_n land_n in_o the_o king_n fol._n 128_o grant_v to_o hospital_n how_o fol._n 124_o 128_o 129_o grant_v to_o religious_a society_n fol._n 129_o not_o to_o be_v forfeit_v for_o felony_n fol._n 106_o 107_o garrison_n of_o norman_n in_o hereford_n before_o william_n the_o first_o fol._n 78_o gentleman_n by_o the_o british_a law_n fol._n 172_o 173_o german_a custom_n ancient_o fol._n 7_o german_a partition_n in_o principality_n fol._n 9_o 137_o german_a partition_n in_o private_a estate_n fol._n 9_o german_a partition_n evict_v by_o a_o jest_n fol._n 9_o 10_o german_a landscheutan_n what_o fol._n 136_o 137_o give-all-kynne_n fol._n 130_o 131_o gildas_n camberius_n translate_v molmutius_n law_n into_o latin_a fol._n 154_o glamorganshire_n conquer_a fol._n 94_o gothick_n work_v use_v by_o the_o saxon_n fol._n 80_o guorongus_n viceroy_n of_o kent_n fol._n 41_o gueily-gord_a what_o fol._n 105_o gymnasium_n of_o the_o druid_n be_v in_o britain_n fol._n 17_o h._n hacana_n and_o westanheconi_n what_o fol._n 44_o 45_o hecanae_n wulfhardus_fw-la episcopus_fw-la fol._n 44_o hengist_n and_o horsus_n fol._n 37_o hengists_n reception_n of_o kent_n examine_v fol._n 37_o etc._n etc._n how_o hengist_n have_v kent_n fol._n 45_o he_o alter_v not_o the_o kentish_a law_n fol._n 49_o heutland_n fol._n 90_o henry_n the_o first_o command_v the_o observation_n of_o king_n edward_n law_n fol._n 61_o his_o law_n of_o partition_n fol._n 144_o hereditary_a succession_n among_o the_o britain_n fol._n 18_o heriot_n fol._n 108_o herring-gable_n fol._n 116_o highlander_n in_o scotland_n ancient_o britain_n fol._n 160_o hony-gavel_a fol._n 118_o howeldha_n fol._n 25_o he_o make_v not_o the_o welsh_a law_n fol._n 153_o 154_o when_o those_o law_n ascribe_v to_o he_o be_v compile_v fol._n 97_o hugo_n the_o port_n against_o picot_n fol._n 66_o 67_o i._n i_o arsey_n isle_n fol._n 11._o 95_o no_o venomous_a creature_n therein_o ibid._n ina_n king_n his_o law_n concern_v the_o welsh_a fol._n 50_o 51._o 64_o joseph_n of_o arimathea_n fol._n 32_o irish_a rhein-taloon_a or_o partition_n fol._n 99_o irish_a and_o welsh_a one_o language_n original_o fol._n 145_o irish_a and_o british_a law_n agree_v fol._n 153_o irish_a understand_v the_o manc_n and_o highland_n language_n fol._n 146_o ireland_n
may_v as_o well_o signify_v all_o the_o king_n child_n as_o one_o though_o even_o among_o the_o welsh_a some_o honourable_a mark_n be_v afford_v to_o the_o elder_a above_o the_o rest_n perhaps_o as_o it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o german_a it_o may_v be_v a_o relic_n of_o the_o old_a gallic_a language_n i_o can_v tire_v the_o reader_n by_o cite_v number_n of_o the_o like_a but_o by_o these_o and_o the_o like_a it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o the_o saxon_n coinhabiting_a with_o the_o britain_n do_v by_o that_o mean_v graft_v a_o mongrel_n speech_n entertain_v much_o of_o a_o mixture_n participate_v both_o of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o british_a and_o saxon_a which_o the_o saxon_n first_o receive_v by_o observation_n of_o a_o conveniency_n or_o at_o least_o of_o find_v nothing_o repugnant_a to_o reason_n in_o their_o custom_n and_o usage_n for_o when_o they_o first_o come_v over_o they_o be_v barbarous_a whereas_o they_o find_v the_o britain_n civil_a they_o be_v heathen_n the_o britain_n most_o christians_o so_o that_o the_o saxon_n either_o out_o of_o a_o desire_n of_o quiet_a or_o else_o upon_o good_a like_n and_o approbation_n do_v yield_v to_o the_o reception_n of_o most_o of_o those_o confessoris_fw-la those_o similiter_fw-la olim_fw-la apud_fw-la britones_n temporibus_fw-la remanorum_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la isto_fw-la britanniae_fw-la 〈◊〉_d senatores_fw-la qui_fw-la postea_fw-la temporibus_fw-la saxonum_n vocabantur_fw-la aldermannâ—_n non_fw-la propter_fw-la aetatem_fw-la sed_fw-la propter_fw-la sapientiam_fw-la &_o dignitatem_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o leg_n 35._o edovardi_fw-la confessoris_fw-la law_n they_o find_v the_o british_a possess_v of_o and_o those_o the_o saxon_a proceres_fw-la or_o optimates_fw-la do_v confirm_v as_o by_o the_o compare_v of_o the_o saxon_a and_o the_o british_a law_n together_o i_o can_v affirm_v yet_o add_v some_o term_n of_o their_o own_o to_o cause_v they_o to_o carry_v a_o signification_n also_o to_o their_o understanding_n as_o well_o as_o to_o the_o propriety_n of_o the_o british_a from_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v that_o we_o find_v most_o of_o our_o ancient_a law_n term_n to_o be_v british_a and_o not_o as_o they_o be_v mistake_v to_o be_v saxon_n as_o murder_n bastard_z etc._n etc._n in_o denomination_n of_o place_n they_o intermix_v the_o two_o language_n winfreton_n a_o village_n in_o the_o county_n of_o hereford_n participate_v of_o winsre_n which_o out_o of_o the_o british_a turn_v into_o latin_a be_v fluxus_fw-la vagae_fw-la vaga_n be_v the_o latin_a name_n of_o the_o river_n wye_n and_o tun_n which_o be_v pure_o saxon_n be_v a_o addition_n of_o they_o have_v no_o affinity_n with_o the_o british_a so_o it_o be_v in_o wintreton_n or_o winterton_n which_o be_v compound_v of_o the_o british_a wen-tre_a i._n e._n villa_n alba_fw-la with_o the_o addition_n of_o the_o saxon_a tun_n which_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o in_o signification_n with_o the_o british_a three_fw-mi so_o in_o winton_n the_o ordinary_a use_v name_n for_o winchester_n from_o the_o british_a venta_n and_o by_o the_o romans_n have_v the_o addition_n of_o belgarum_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o many_o other_o venta_n tun_n be_v only_o the_o saxon_a affix_v to_o venta_n or_o went._n these_o be_v enough_o to_o confirm_v what_o i_o have_v already_o say_v in_o relation_n to_o their_o probability_n of_o coinhabitation_n which_o be_v of_o so_o great_a a_o value_n to_o find_v prove_v in_o relation_n to_o our_o matter_n in_o hand_n i_o shall_v notwithstanding_o proceed_v to_o prove_v it_o further_o by_o some_o authentic_a record_n which_o have_v relation_n thereunto_o this_o may_v be_v plain_o gather_v from_o the_o law_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o elder_a saxon_a king_n for_o inas_fw-la in_o his_o two_o and_o twenty_o law_n have_v this_o expression_n wallus_fw-la censum_fw-la pendens_fw-la annuum_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o again_o wallus_fw-la virgarum_fw-la metum_fw-la duodecim_fw-la solidis_fw-la redimito_fw-la and_o wallus_fw-la quinque_fw-la terrae_fw-la hidas_fw-la possidens_fw-la 600._o solid_a estimanaus_fw-la est_fw-la this_o inas_fw-la be_v king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a and_o have_v as_o it_o plain_o appear_v by_o these_o law_n britain_n dwelling_n with_o his_o saxon_n i_o purposely_o pretermit_v the_o 55_o law_n of_o the_o say_a king_n and_o the_o 32._o which_o be_v only_o de_fw-fr regis_fw-la equisone_fw-mi wallo_n and_o be_v a_o concernment_n only_o of_o the_o king_n post_n or_o messenger_n but_o there_o be_v in_o the_o 73d._o law_n of_o the_o same_o king_n not_o only_o a_o difference_n of_o nation_n as_o in_o other_o but_o also_o of_o estate_n and_o condition_n for_o there_o it_o be_v that_o a_o note_n be_v make_v of_o wallus_n servilis_fw-la conditionis_fw-la which_o suppose_v there_o be_v other_o walli_n that_o be_v of_o a_o more_o free_a condition_n as_o in_o the_o title_n of_o that_o law_n it_o be_v manifest_a where_o it_o be_v be_v ðon_o ðe_a ðeoÆ¿_n Æ¿ealh_n frigne_a man_n ofslea_n of_o a_o servile_a welshman_n that_o kill_v a_o freeman_n though_o in_o the_o body_n of_o that_o law_n this_o freeman_n be_v call_v a_o englishman_n and_o in_o the_o title_n of_o the_o 31._o law_n be_v this_o note_n be_v cirlisce_n moan_n land_n haefene_v which_o by_o mr._n lambard_n be_v thus_o render_v de_fw-fr pagano_fw-la fundum_fw-la possidente_fw-la and_o the_o law_n do_v thus_o begin_v wallus_fw-la integram_fw-la terrae_fw-la hydam_n si_fw-la possederit_fw-la esto_fw-la etc._n etc._n by_o which_o law_n it_o seem_v that_o these_o walli_n be_v the_o only_a pagani_n for_o that_o the_o whole_a law_n refer_v to_o wallus_n but_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n giveâ—_n we_o a_o more_o particular_a note_n hereof_o write_v what_o nation_n may_v de_fw-la jure_fw-la claim_v privilege_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o england_n and_o say_v brytone_n vero_fw-la armorici_n cum_fw-la venerint_fw-la in_fw-la regno_fw-la isto_fw-la suscipi_fw-la debent_fw-la &_o in_o regno_fw-la protegi_fw-la sicut_fw-la probi_fw-la cives_fw-la de_fw-fr corpore_fw-la regni_fw-la huius_fw-la exierunt_fw-la quondam_a the_o sanguine_a brytonum_fw-la regni_fw-la huius_fw-la etc._n etc._n ita_fw-la constituit_fw-la optimus_fw-la ina_n rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la qui_fw-la electus_fw-la fuit_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la per_fw-la angelum_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la primò_fw-la obtinuit_fw-la monarchiam_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la huius_fw-la post_fw-la adventum_fw-la anglorum_fw-la in_o britanniam_fw-la primus_fw-la enim_fw-la fuit_fw-la rex_fw-la coronatus_fw-la anglorum_fw-la observe_v this_o &_o btytonum_fw-la simul_fw-la manentium_fw-la in_o brytannia_n post_fw-la adventum_fw-la saxonum_n germaniae_fw-la scilicet_fw-la post_fw-la acceptam_fw-la sidem_fw-la à _fw-la beato_n gregorio_n per_fw-la sanctum_fw-la augustinum_n etc._n etc._n et_fw-la universi_fw-la angli_fw-la qui_fw-la tunc_fw-la temporis_fw-la exiterunt_fw-la vxores_fw-la svas_fw-la ceperunt_fw-la de_fw-la brytonum_fw-la genere_fw-la &_o brytone_n vxores_fw-la svas_fw-la de_fw-la illustri_fw-la sanguine_fw-la &_o genere_fw-la anglorum_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la de_fw-la genere_fw-la saxonum_n hoc_fw-la enim_fw-la factum_fw-la fuit_fw-la per_fw-la common_a consilium_fw-la &_o assensum_fw-la omnium_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la &_o principum_fw-la procerum_fw-la comitum_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la saptentum_fw-la seniorum_fw-la &_o popuiorum_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la &_o per_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la regis_fw-la inae_fw-la praedicti_fw-la etc._n etc._n et_fw-la tali_fw-la modo_fw-la effecti_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la gens_n una_fw-la &_o popolus_fw-la unus_fw-la per_fw-la universum_fw-la regnum_fw-la brytanniae_fw-la miseratione_n divina_fw-la etc._n etc._n universi_fw-la praedicti_fw-la semper_fw-la postea_fw-la pro_fw-la communi_fw-la utilitate_fw-la coronae_fw-la regni_fw-la insimul_fw-la &_o in_fw-la unum_fw-la viriliter_fw-la contra_fw-la danos_n &_o norwegienses_fw-la semper_fw-la steterunt_fw-la &_o atrocissime_fw-la unanimi_fw-la voluntate_fw-la contra_fw-la inimicos_fw-la pugnave_n unt_fw-la &_o bella_fw-la atrocissima_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la gesserunt_fw-la by_o which_o it_o be_v plain_a there_o be_v a_o most_o ancient_a accord_n and_o a_o equal_a respect_n to_o the_o britain_n as_o well_o as_o to_o the_o saxon_n so_o may_v we_o see_v in_o the_o law_n of_o king_n aethelstan_n where_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o si_fw-mi wallus_n in_o eas_fw-la opes_fw-la creverit_fw-la ut_fw-la familiam_fw-la alat_fw-la fundum_fw-la possideat_fw-la annuumque_fw-la regi_fw-la censum_fw-la pendat_fw-la 220._o solidis_fw-la valeto_fw-la atque_fw-la si_fw-la dimidiatam_fw-la tantummodo_fw-la terrae_fw-la hydam_n possederit_fw-la 80._o solidis_fw-la aestimator_fw-la quin_fw-la si_fw-la terram_fw-la prorsus_fw-la nullam_fw-la habuerit_fw-la capitis_fw-la tamen_fw-la aestimatio_fw-la ac_fw-la biþ_n freoh_n siquidem_fw-la be_v fuerit_fw-la ingenuus_fw-la if_o he_o be_v a_o freeman_n 70._o solidorum_fw-la esto_fw-la by_o this_o we_o collect_v the_o britain_n be_v not_o expulse_v that_o they_o do_v co-inhabit_a with_o the_o saxon_n and_o maintain_v a_o right_a in_o their_o possession_n which_o in_o like_a manner_n i_o hope_v to_o find_v they_o do_v in_o their_o law_n and_o custom_n i_o shall_v make_v use_n in_o the_o first_o place_n of_o what_o 18._o what_o speed_z l._n 7._o c._n 18._o mr._n speed_n deliver_v out_o of_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n william_n thorn_n and_o the_o register_n of_o canterbury_n and_o have_v relation_n to_o the_o
kingdom_n of_o kent_n concern_v ethelbert_n the_o four_o king_n after_o hengist_n of_o who_o he_o use_v these_o word_n this_o noble_a king_n have_v a_o care_n for_o they_o that_o shall_v come_v after_o bring_v the_o law_n of_o his_o country_n into_o their_o own_o mother_n tongue_n observe_v here_o that_o by_o this_o time_n from_o the_o saxon_n first_o arrival_n it_o be_v probable_a the_o kentish_a speak_v the_o saxon_a tongue_n their_o language_n before_o be_v british_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o island_n the_o country_n of_o king_n ethelbert_n be_v kont_a and_o his_o mother_n tongue_n be_v saxon_a now_o ethelbert_n find_v the_o law_n of_o his_o country_n british_a the_o saxon_a tongue_n general_o speak_v bring_v those_o law_n out_o of_o british_a into_o saxon_n and_o this_o be_v the_o naked_a meaning_n of_o it_o i_o find_v judicialis_fw-la find_v bedas_n eccl._n hist_n l._n 2._o cap._n 5._o ait_fw-la ethelbertum_n cantiae_fw-la regem_fw-la scripsisse_fw-la idiomate_fw-la saxonice_n libellum_fw-la cvi_fw-la nomen_fw-la indidit_fw-la decreta_fw-la judiciorum_fw-la atque_fw-la judicia_fw-la illa_fw-la vel_fw-la sva_fw-la memoria_fw-la tradit_fw-la suisse_fw-la observata_fw-la aluredus_fw-la in_o praefatione_fw-la legum_fw-la satetur_fw-la se_fw-la ex_fw-la ethelberto_n sumpsisse_fw-la nonnulla_fw-la quid_fw-la plura_fw-la asserius_fw-la menevensis_fw-la olim_fw-la aluredo_fw-la regi_fw-la familiaris_fw-la prodit_fw-la ipsum_fw-la regen_n saxonicis_n mandasse_fw-la literis_fw-la judiciorum_fw-la decreta_fw-la verum_fw-la ad_fw-la nos_fw-la non_fw-la pervenire_fw-la injuria_fw-la temporum_fw-la this_o out_o of_o the_o glossary_a to_o the_o saxon_a law_n under_o this_o word_n libre_fw-la judicialis_fw-la reference_n in_o several_a place_n of_o the_o saxon_n law_n to_o a_o old_a book_n of_o law_n as_o if_o these_o be_v but_o only_a excerption_n out_o of_o it_o as_o in_o the_o five_o law_n of_o king_n aethelstan_n de_fw-fr irruptione_n in_o templum_n it_o be_v say_v triplicis_fw-la ordalii_fw-la sententia_fw-la convincatur_fw-la be_v prout_fw-la in_o libro_fw-la habetur_fw-la judiciali_fw-la compenfato_fw-la and_o this_o in_o the_o saxon_a be_v call_v domboc_a not_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n as_o the_o domesday_n we_o have_v in_o the_o exchequer_n of_o which_o sort_n writer_n do_v also_o mention_v a_o former_a both_o of_o they_o be_v only_o survey_v or_o description_n of_o land_n but_o a_o book_n of_o judgement_n for_o so_o do_v doom_n signify_v in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n the_o like_a i_o find_v in_o the_o five_o law_n of_o king_n edgar_n where_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o he_o that_o do_v not_o observe_v the_o lord_n day_n funnan_n dae_fw-la ges_fw-la poenas_fw-la in_fw-la judiciali_fw-la libro_fw-la descriptas_fw-la pendito_fw-mi so_o likewise_o in_o the_o eight_o of_o king_n edovards_n law_n si_fw-mi quis_fw-la etc._n etc._n be_v etiam_fw-la id_fw-la compensationis_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o libro_fw-la judiciali_fw-la continetur_fw-la praestato_fw-la molmutii_fw-la praestato_fw-la leges_fw-la molmutii_fw-la duawalloâ—is_fw-la gildas_n cambrius_n in_o latinum_fw-la sermonem_fw-la transtulit_fw-la &_o alphredus_fw-la magnus_fw-la in_o saxonicum_fw-la balaeus_n in_o vita_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la molmutii_fw-la which_o book_n i_o suppose_v contain_v their_o ancient_a law_n translate_v out_o of_o the_o british_a though_o perhaps_o since_o the_o receive_n of_o christianity_n intermingle_v with_o much_o of_o the_o mosaical-judicial-law_n introduce_v both_o by_o the_o britain_n and_o the_o zealous-primitive-christian-saxon_a king_n to_o which_o law_n and_o perhaps_o may_v be_v the_o effect_n thereof_o eleutherius_fw-la the_o pope_n or_o bishop_n of_o rome_n counsel_v and_o refer_v lucius_n the_o brytain_n long_a time_n afore_o this_o age_n we_o be_v now_o write_v of_o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o they_o have_v diversity_n of_o law_n as_o they_o be_v improper_o call_v viz._n merchenlaege_n westsaxonlaege_n and_o danelaege_n which_o not_o at_o all_o relate_v to_o a_o different_a law_n kind_a custom_n or_o usage_n but_o to_o several_a sort_n of_o amerciament_n mulct_n and_o fine_n for_o the_o transgression_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o law_n i_o say_v this_o be_v general_o so_o and_o so_o be_v it_o to_o be_v understand_v in_o the_o second_o of_o king_n alured_n law_n in_o the_o case_n of_o such_o as_o violate_v sanctuary_n and_o be_v this_o mulcta_fw-la vel_fw-la ipsa_fw-la capitis_fw-la aestimatione_fw-la prout_fw-la ejus_fw-la gentis_fw-la feret_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o difference_n of_o fines_n and_o pecuniary_a imposition_n i_o find_v frequent_o but_o very_o little_o beside_o which_o be_v also_o all_o the_o impression_n that_o i_o can_v perceive_v the_o rude_a dane_n make_v upon_o the_o english_a in_o relation_n to_o their_o law_n for_o during_o their_o time_n edward_n the_o confessor_n look_v not_o at_o all_o upon_o the_o law_n as_o alter_v but_o say_v they_o be_v asleep_a for_o above_o threescore_o year_n as_o in_o a_o discourse_n concern_v they_o he_o have_v it_o and_o magnify_v they_o so_o high_o that_o in_o his_o restoration_n of_o they_o he_o will_v have_v they_o think_v to_o be_v very_o ancient_a though_o he_o report_v they_o make_v by_o his_o frand-father_n confessoris_fw-la frand-father_n omnes_fw-la proceres_fw-la regni_fw-la &_o milites_fw-la &_o liberi_fw-la hominâ—s_fw-la uniuâ—â—st_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la britanniae_fw-la facere_fw-la debent_fw-la in_fw-la pleno_fw-la folcmote_a fidelitatem_fw-la domino_fw-la regi_fw-la coram_fw-la episcopis_fw-la regm_n hanc_fw-la legem_fw-la invenit_fw-la arthuruâ—_n qui_fw-fr quoadam_n suis_fw-la inclytissimus_fw-la rex_fw-la brytonum_fw-la &_o ita_fw-la consolidavit_fw-la &_o confoederavit_fw-la regnuâ—n_fw-la britanniae_fw-la universum_fw-la semper_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la huius_fw-la legis_fw-la authoritate_fw-la expulit_fw-la arthurus_n praedictus_fw-la saracenos_n &_o inimicos_fw-la a_o regno_fw-la lex_fw-la enimista_fw-la diu_fw-la sopita_fw-la fuit_fw-la &_o sepulta_fw-la donec_fw-la edgdrus_n rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la illam_fw-la excilavit_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o leg_n 35._o edovardi_fw-la confessoris_fw-la edgar_n by_o which_o he_o labour_v to_o put_v a_o repute_n upon_o they_o for_o edgar_n be_v a_o wife_n and_o prudent_a prince_n and_o do_v urgent_o press_v the_o execution_n of_o they_o so_o that_o king_n edward_n ascribe_v they_o unto_o he_o as_o these_o very_a law_n after_o the_o norman_a conquest_n be_v call_v the_o law_n of_o holy_a king_n edward_n and_o be_v the_o same_o that_o the_o saxon_a king_n before_o edgar_n do_v use_v notwithstanding_o all_o which_o when_o he_o come_v to_o the_o corroboration_n of_o the_o privilege_n and_o immunity_n of_o the_o ancient_a city_n of_o london_n as_o to_o their_o husâ—â—ings_n and_o other_o court_n he_o declare_v the_o antiquity_n of_o they_o to_o be_v far_o great_a than_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edgar_n and_o i_o believe_v be_v coetanious_a with_o the_o ancient_a british_a law_n if_o we_o shall_v grant_v and_o allow_v the_o same_o antiquity_n to_o town_n and_o city_n with_o the_o first_o plant_n of_o the_o isle_n he_o say_v debet_fw-la etiam_fw-la in_o london_n quae_fw-la est_fw-la caput_fw-la regni_fw-la &_o legum_n semper_fw-la curia_fw-la domini_fw-la regius_fw-la singulis_fw-la septimanis_fw-la die_fw-la lunae_fw-la hustengis_fw-la sedere_fw-la &_o 〈◊〉_d â—â—nd_v at_o a_o enim_fw-la erat_fw-la olim_fw-la &_o aedisicata_fw-la ad_fw-la instar_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la â—â—â—dum_fw-la &_o in_o memoriom_n veteris_fw-la magnae_fw-la trojae_fw-la &_o ufque_n in_o bodiernum_fw-la diem_fw-la leges_fw-la &_o jura_fw-la &_o dignitates_fw-la libertates_fw-la regiasque_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la untiquae_fw-la magnae_fw-la trojae_fw-la in_o se_fw-la continet_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la svas_fw-la una_fw-la semper_fw-la inviolabilitate_fw-la coâ—servat_fw-la here_o i_o shall_v observe_v that_o as_o well_o as_o london_n enjoy_v her_o privilege_n and_o immunity_n not_o at_o all_o infringe_v from_o so_o great_a antiquity_n notwithstanding_o the_o several_a revolution_n under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o roman_n saxon_n and_o dane_n other_o place_n of_o the_o same_o island_n may_v also_o probable_o enjoy_v the_o same_o favour_n and_o hold_v their_o custom_n law_n and_o tenor_n from_o as_o great_a antiquity_n but_o i_o have_v do_v with_o this_o revolution_n let_v we_o now_o inquire_v what_o probability_n we_o have_v to_o believe_v that_o chap._n iu._n william_n the_o conqueror_n alter_v not_o but_o confirm_v the_o saxon_a law_n the_o antiquity_n and_o different_a use_n of_o juries_n english_a claim_n and_o recover_v their_o land_n by_o law_n against_o the_o norman_n of_o our_o common_a law_n our_o custom_n forfeiture_n seal_v coverfeu_n exchequer_n fashion_n language_n write_v manner_n of_o fights_z fortification_n and_o building_n have_v pass_v through_o these_o mist_n and_o cloud_n of_o elder_a time_n let_v we_o now_o come_v to_o see_v what_o loss_n or_o alteration_n in_o relation_n to_o our_o law_n and_o custom_n we_o receive_v by_o the_o haereditatis_fw-la the_o the_o denomination_n here_o of_o william_n the_o first_o by_o conquestor_n or_o conqueror_n and_o this_o the_o norman_a conquest_n have_v stumble_v many_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o if_o it_o carry_v with_o it_o the_o enslave_v of_o the_o eaglish_a by_o his_o victorious_a success_n over_o harald_n and_o so_o be_v loath_a to_o afford_v it_o any_o courteous_a reception_n
quia_fw-la durum_fw-la valde_fw-la foret_fw-la sibi_fw-la suscipere_fw-la leges_fw-la ignotas_fw-la &_o judicari_fw-la de_fw-la eye_n quas_fw-la nesciâ—bant_fw-la rege_fw-la vero_fw-la ad_fw-la flectendum_fw-la ingrato_fw-la existente_fw-la tandem_fw-la eum_fw-la prosecuti_fw-la sunt_fw-la deprecantes_fw-la quatenus_fw-la per_fw-la animam_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la qui_fw-la sibi_fw-la post_fw-la diem_fw-la suum_fw-la concesserat_fw-la coronam_fw-la &_o regnum_fw-la &_o cujus_fw-la erant_fw-la leges_fw-la nec_fw-la aliorum_fw-la extraneorum_fw-la exaudiendo_fw-la concederet_fw-la eye_n sub_fw-la legibus_fw-la perseverare_fw-la paternis_fw-la unde_fw-la consilio_fw-la habito_fw-la precatu_fw-la baronum_fw-la tandem_fw-la acquievit_fw-la thomas_n vero_fw-la archiepiscopus_fw-la cantuariensis_n &_o mauritius_n episcopus_fw-la scripserunt_fw-la propriis_fw-la manibus_fw-la omne_fw-la ista_fw-la praedicta_fw-la per_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la praedicti_fw-la regis_fw-la wilhelmi_n exit_fw-la illo_fw-la igitur_fw-la die_fw-la multa_fw-la autoritate_fw-la veneratae_fw-la &_o per_fw-la universum_fw-la regnum_fw-la corroboratae_fw-la &_o observatae_fw-la sunt_fw-la prae_fw-la caeteris_fw-la patriae_fw-la legibus_fw-la leges_fw-la edwardi_fw-la regis_fw-la sancti_fw-la etc._n etc._n though_o the_o king_n at_o this_o time_n be_v so_o unwilling_o move_v to_o the_o request_n of_o the_o english_a yet_o we_o find_v that_o afterward_o he_o labour_v all_o he_o can_v to_o ingratiate_v himself_o with_o they_o as_o stand_v in_o fear_n of_o they_o for_o in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n edgar_n out_o of_o scotland_n and_o the_o earl_n edwin_n and_o morchar_n with_o assistance_n from_o denmark_n gather_v into_o a_o body_n in_o the_o north_n and_o be_v there_o defeat_v whereupon_o say_v mr._n daniel_n the_o most_o of_o these_o lord_n present_o after_o come_v in_o upon_o public_a faith_n give_v they_o and_o be_v conduct_v to_o berkhamsted_n by_o the_o abbot_n frederick_n who_o upon_o their_o submission_n and_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n retake_a have_v their_o pardon_n and_o restitution_n to_o grace_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n believe_v it_o his_o own_o concern_v so_o much_o to_o quiet_v they_o that_o he_o again_o take_v his_o personal_a oath_n before_o the_o archbishop_n lanfranc_n and_o the_o lord_n to_o observe_v the_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n establish_v by_o his_o noble_a predecessor_n the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o especial_o those_o of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n thus_o we_o plain_o see_v the_o law_n that_o be_v continue_v and_o confirm_v be_v the_o old_a saxon_a law_n as_o we_o have_v it_o in_o this_o decree_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n 1._o exit_fw-la legib_fw-la guil._n 1._o hoc_fw-la quoque_fw-la praecipio_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la habeant_fw-la &_o teneant_fw-la legem_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la rebus_fw-la adauctis_fw-la his_fw-la quae_fw-la constituimus_fw-la ad_fw-la utilitatem_fw-la anglorum_fw-la and_o his_o son_n henry_n the_o first_o take_v the_o very_a same_o course_n for_o among_o his_o decree_n it_o be_v that_o murdra_fw-mi etiam_fw-la retro_fw-la ab_fw-la illo_fw-la die_fw-la quo_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la coronatus_fw-la fui_fw-la omne_fw-la condono_fw-it &_o ea_fw-la quae_fw-la à _fw-la modo_fw-la facta_fw-la fuerint_fw-la justè_fw-la emendentur_fw-la secundùm_fw-la lagam_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la and_o present_o after_o he_o say_v lagam_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la vobis_fw-la reddo_fw-la cum_fw-la illis_fw-la emendationibus_fw-la quibus_fw-la eam_fw-la pater_fw-la meus_fw-la emendavit_fw-la consilio_fw-la baronum_fw-la suorum_fw-la but_o let_v we_o descend_v to_o particular_n and_o view_v from_o whence_o we_o have_v our_o jurye_n the_o great_a pillar_n of_o our_o law_n and_o the_o bulwark_n of_o our_o freedom_n certain_o upon_o a_o great_a mistake_n say_v to_o be_v bring_v in_o by_o the_o norman_a conqueror_n concern_v which_o mr._n campden_n write_v against_o polydore_n virgil_n who_o it_o seem_v be_v of_o that_o opinion_n also_o have_v it_o thus_o nihil_fw-la à _fw-la vero_fw-la altenius_fw-la multis_fw-la enim_fw-la ante_fw-la annis_fw-la in_o usu_fw-la faisse_fw-fr certissimum_fw-la est_fw-la of_o so_o general_a a_o concernment_n also_o be_v this_o way_n of_o judgement_n judicium_fw-la cook_n l._n 2._o c._n 12._o sect._n 234._o e._n for_o the_o institution_n and_o right_a use_n of_o this_o trial_n by_o 12._o man_n and_o wherefore_o other_o country_n have_v they_o not_o and_o this_o trial_n excel_v other_o see_v fortescue_n at_o large_a cap._n 25_o &_o 29._o &_o glanvil_n lib._n 7._o cap._n 14_o 15._o bracton_n lib._n 3._o fol._n 116._o a._n and_o in_o antiont_a time_n they_o be_v 12._o knight_n this_o trial_n of_o the_o fact_n per_fw-la duodecim_fw-la liberos_fw-la &_o legales_fw-la homines_fw-la be_v very_o ancient_a for_o hear_v what_o the_o law_n be_v before_o the_o conquest_n lamb._n verbo_fw-la centuria_fw-la in_o singulis_fw-la centuriis_fw-la comitia_fw-la sunto_fw-la atque_fw-la liberae_fw-la conditionis_fw-la viri_fw-la duodeni_fw-la aetaâ—e_fw-la superiores_fw-la una_fw-la cum_fw-la praeposito_fw-la sacra_fw-la tenentes_fw-la juranto_n etc._n etc._n nay_o the_o trial_n in_o some_o case_n per_fw-la medietatem_fw-la linguae_fw-la as_o we_o speak_v be_v as_o ancient_a in_o lamb._n fol._n 91.3_o viri_fw-la duodeni_fw-la jure_fw-la consulti_fw-la angliae_fw-la sex_n walliae_fw-la totidem_fw-la anglis_fw-la &_o wallis_n jus_o dicunto_fw-la and_o of_o ancient_a time_n it_o be_v call_v duodecim_fw-la virale_fw-la judicium_fw-la that_o in_o the_o 31._o cap._n of_o the_o law_n of_o hen._n 1._o it_o be_v decree_v unusquisque_fw-la per_fw-la pares_fw-la suos_fw-la judicandus_fw-la est_fw-la &_o ejusdem_fw-la provinciae_fw-la this_o be_v the_o judgement_n by_o our_o king_n our_o judge_v dodaridge_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o nobility_n pag._n 110._o have_v this_o whereas_o it_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o great_a charter_n among_o other_o thing_n in_o the_o form_n which_o follow_v no_o free_a mun_n shall_v be_v take_v or_o imprison_v or_o diseise_v of_o his_o free_a hold_n or_o his_o liberty_n or_o free-custom_n or_o shall_v be_v outlaw_v or_o banish_v or_o in_o any_o wise_a destroy_v nor_o go_v upon_o he_o but_o by_o the_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n on_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n by_o which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v that_o it_o be_v the_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o land_n for_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v only_o a_o confirmation_n of_o those_o ancient_a privilege_n claim_v by_o the_o baron_n and_o people_n from_o the_o first_o norman_n king_n peer_n by_o which_o we_o stand_v and_o fall_v and_o be_v our_o english_a peculiar_a for_o in_o normandy_n the_o civil_a law_n be_v their_o know_a and_o use_v law_n and_o i_o believe_v you_o will_v hardly_o find_v that_o that_o law_n take_v any_o cognisance_n of_o juries_n who_o number_n be_v not_o in_o all_o age_n fix_v or_o certain_a but_o vary_v into_o several_a number_n according_a to_o what_o you_o shall_v find_v cite_v in_o several_a reign_n they_o be_v for_o many_o century_n together_o as_o at_o this_o time_n at_o 24._o of_o which_o 12._o to_o be_v present_a and_o this_o in_o the_o saxan_n law_n have_v several_a appellation_n but_o to_o ascend_v with_o these_o jury_n up_o to_o antiquity_n we_o will_v begin_v with_o hen._n 1._o and_o with_o what_o he_o decree_v in_o the_o 66._o chap._n of_o his_o law_n si_fw-mi quis_fw-la dei_fw-la rectitudines_fw-la per_fw-la vim_o deforciat_fw-la emendet_fw-la lahsliht_n cum_fw-la dacis_fw-la plenam_fw-la wytam_fw-la cum_fw-la anglis_fw-la vel_fw-la ita_fw-la neget_fw-la assumat_fw-la undecim_fw-la &_o idem_fw-la sit_fw-la duodecimus_fw-la and_o so_o present_o after_o concern_v burchot_n vel_fw-la brigbot_n he_o say_v in_o denelaga_n sicut_fw-la stetit_fw-la antea_fw-la vel_fw-la ita_fw-la se_fw-la allegiet_fw-la nominentur_fw-la ei_fw-la xiiii_o &_o adquirat_fw-la ex_fw-la eye_n undecim_fw-la in_o his_o vero_fw-la secundum_fw-la legem_fw-la nominati_fw-la consacramentales_fw-la vicini_fw-la babendi_fw-la sunt_fw-la quia_fw-la solus_fw-la non_fw-la potuit_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o in_o cap._n lxxiv_o concern_v a_o thief_n slay_v it_o be_v say_v juret_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o cognato_fw-la svo_fw-la nullum_fw-la factum_fw-la erat_fw-la pro_fw-la quo_fw-la de_fw-la vitâ_fw-la fortisfactus_fw-la esset_fw-la &_o eant_fw-la alii_fw-la cum_fw-la duodecim_fw-la &_o superjurent_fw-fr ei_fw-la in_o munditiam_fw-la quae_fw-la ante_fw-la dicetur_fw-la so_o in_o the_o law_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n at_o numb_a 16._o siquis_fw-la alterum_fw-la appellet_fw-la de_fw-la latrocinio_fw-la &_o be_v sit_fw-la libre_fw-la homo_fw-la &_o habeat_fw-la testimonium_fw-la etc._n testimonium_fw-la judge_n dodaridge_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o the_o baron_n pag._n 155_o say_v the_o yeomanry_n or_o common_a people_n for_o they_o be_v call_v of_o the_o saxon_a word_n zeman_n which_o do_v signify_v common_a who_o have_v some_o land_n of_o their_o own_o to_o live_v upon_o for_o a_o câ—rve_v of_o land_n or_o ploughland_n be_v in_o ancient_a time_n of_o the_o yearly_a value_n of_o five_o noble_n and_o this_o be_v the_o live_n of_o a_o sober_a man_n or_o yeoman_n coke_n 9_o part_n fol._n 124._o b._n but_o in_o our_o law_n they_o be_v call_v legales_fw-la homines_fw-la a_o word_n very_o familiar_a in_o writ_n and_o inquest_n etc._n etc._n de_fw-la legalitate_fw-la purget_fw-la se_fw-la per_fw-la plenum_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la &_o alter_fw-la qui_fw-la
non_fw-la potest_fw-la habere_fw-la pasturam_fw-la nec_fw-la pasnag_fw-mi de_fw-fr silua_fw-la regis_fw-la sicut_fw-la calumniatur_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la vicecomitem_fw-la by_o this_o we_o see_v they_o implead_v their_o right_n against_o the_o king_n exit_fw-la eodem_fw-la in_o eadem_fw-la scira_n tran_n willmi_n arcuarii_n isdem_fw-la tenet_fw-la cuntune_v quinque_fw-la teini_fw-la tenuerunt_fw-la de_fw-fr rege_fw-la edw._n &_o quo_fw-la voluerunt_fw-la ire_n potuerant_fw-la aldredus_fw-la frater_fw-la ode_n calumniatur_fw-la unam_fw-la vs._n terre_fw-fr de_fw-fr hoc_fw-la manerio_fw-la &_o dicit_fw-la se_fw-la eam_fw-la tenuisse_fw-la die_fw-la qua_fw-la rex_fw-la edw._n fuit_fw-la vivus_fw-la &_o mortuus_fw-la &_o disaisitus_fw-la fuit_fw-la postquam_fw-la rex_fw-la willmus_fw-la mare_fw-la transiitâ—_n &_o ipse_fw-la dirationavit_fw-la coram_fw-la regina_fw-la ind_n est_fw-la testis_fw-la ejus_fw-la hugo_n de_fw-fr port_n &_o homines_fw-la de_fw-la toto_fw-la hundredo_fw-la here_o by_o these_o you_o may_v gather_v several_a manner_n and_o several_a reason_n and_o ground_n of_o claim_n then_o &_o potuit_fw-la ire_n cum_fw-la terra_fw-la sva_fw-la quo_fw-la voluit_fw-la sed_fw-la testes_fw-la willielmi_n nolunt_fw-la accipere_fw-la legem_fw-la nisi_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la usque_fw-la dum_fw-la definiatur_fw-la per_fw-la regem_fw-la etc._n etc._n hugo_n de_fw-fr port_n have_v the_o manor_n of_o cerdiford_n from_o his_o ancestor_n william_n the_o chernet_n make_v claim_v in_o his_o behalf_n against_o picot_n who_o hold_v some_o part_n of_o it_o and_o make_v proof_n of_o it_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o chief_a and_o best_a of_o the_o country_n and_o also_o of_o the_o most_o ancient_a of_o all_o that_o hundred_o picot_n defendant_n produce_v the_o testimony_n of_o the_o villager_n and_o man_n of_o no_o account_n and_o reeves_n or_o bailiff_n who_o offer_v their_o oath_n or_o the_o ordinary_a way_n of_o purgation_n which_o be_v their_o ordeale_n that_o he_o that_o hold_v that_o land_n be_v a_o free_a man_n et_fw-la potuit_fw-la cum_fw-la terra_fw-la sva_fw-la ire_n quo_fw-la voluit_fw-la that_o be_v as_o not_o dependent_a of_o that_o manor_n nor_o of_o the_o custom_n thereof_o may_v dispose_v of_o his_o land_n as_o to_o he_o seem_v best_o but_o the_o witness_n of_o de_fw-fr chernet_fw-ge will_v not_o accept_v of_o the_o trial_n by_o any_o law_n but_o that_o of_o king_n edward_n till_o such_o time_n as_o the_o king_n have_v judge_v it_o this_o you_o must_v understand_v be_v about_o the_o eighteen_o year_n of_o the_o king_n the_o english_a still_o insist_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n which_o in_o case_n they_o have_v be_v repeal_v it_o have_v be_v a_o great_a vanity_n to_o have_v insist_v upon_o they_o observe_v further_o that_o picot_n entitle_v the_o king_n to_o it_o though_o the_o proof_n be_v the_o vili_fw-la plebe_fw-la of_o the_o scum_n of_o the_o people_n but_o that_o you_o may_v more_o plain_o see_v what_o 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diversity_n of_o concernment_n of_o the_o subject_a and_o upon_o this_o it_o be_v that_o mr._n campden_n give_v the_o reason_n that_o one_o of_o our_o court_n be_v call_v the_o kings-bench_n bancus_fw-la regius_n sic_fw-la dictus_fw-la say_v he_o quoth_v in_o eo_fw-la reges_fw-la ipsi_fw-la praesidere_fw-la soliti_fw-la etc._n etc._n judices_fw-la sunt_fw-la praeter_fw-la regem_fw-la ipsum_fw-la cum_fw-la interest_n voluerit_fw-la capitalis_fw-la angliae_fw-la justiciarius_n &_o alii_fw-la quatuor_fw-la and_o in_o likelihood_n the_o king_n in_o person_n sit_v there_o give_v the_o occasion_n in_o those_o time_n of_o the_o plead_n in_o french_a which_o otherwise_o can_v not_o have_v be_v understand_v by_o those_o first_o norman_n king_n that_o do_v not_o understand_v english_a they_o addict_v themselves_o in_o letter_n in_o discourse_n in_o message_n and_o in_o all_o thing_n to_o the_o french_a tongue_n i_o proceed_v now_o to_o the_o second_o particular_a which_o be_v look_v upon_o to_o 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be_v keep_v the_o plea_n of_o the_o county_n and_o where_o be_v to_o be_v present_a take_v they_o as_o i_o find_v they_o record_v episcopi_fw-la comites_fw-la vicedomini_fw-la vicarii_fw-la centenarii_fw-la aldermanni_n praefecti_fw-la praepositi_fw-la barones_n vavasore_n tungrevii_fw-la et_fw-la caeteri_fw-la
terrarum_fw-la domini_fw-la diligenter_n intendentes_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o in_o the_o law_n of_o king_n edgar_n every_o year_n let_v there_o be_v say_v he_o tƿa_v scirgemot_a &_o ðaer_fw-mi beo_fw-la on_o ðaer_n sciregemote_a bisceoƿ_n &_o see_v ealdorman_n &_o þa_a aegþer_n taecan_fw-it ge_fw-mi god_n rihte_n ge_fw-mi ƿeoruld_v rihte_n i.e._n at_o the_o shire-gemote_a let_v the_o bishop_n and_o alderman_n be_v and_o there_o either_o of_o they_o teach_v god_n right_a and_o the_o world_n right_a which_o judgement_n of_o the_o vicenage_n and_o power_n of_o the_o county_n be_v equal_o use_v both_o in_o the_o time_n of_o saxon_a and_o norman_a government_n and_o so_o small_a be_v the_o alteration_n that_o happen_v at_o this_o time_n that_o in_o this_o often_o cite_a survey_n record_v there_o among_o many_o other_o of_o the_o like_a nature_n be_v this_o concern_v of_o the_o burrow_n of_o wallingford_n in_o berrochescire_fw-la which_o conclude_v thus_o modo_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o 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scira_n quod_fw-la abbatie_fw-mi pertineat_fw-la neque_fw-la enim_fw-la inde_fw-la viderunt_fw-la brevem_fw-la regis_fw-la vel_fw-la sigillum_fw-la abbas_n vero_fw-la testatur_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o t._n r._n e._n misit_fw-la ille_fw-la manerium_fw-la ad_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la unde_fw-la erat_fw-la &_o inde_fw-la habet_fw-la brevem_fw-la &_o sigillum_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la attestantibus_fw-la omnibus_fw-la monachis_fw-la suis_fw-la and_o in_o that_o county_n under_o the_o title_n of_o terra_fw-la henrici_fw-la de_fw-la ferieres_n be_v that_o ollavintone_n godricus_n vicecomes_a tenuit_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la edwardo_fw-la hanc_fw-la terram_fw-la dedit_fw-la rex_fw-la edwardus_fw-la de_fw-la sva_fw-la firma_fw-la godrico_fw-la &_o inde_fw-la viderunt_fw-la sigillum_fw-la ejus_fw-la homines_fw-la de_fw-la comitatu_fw-la praeter_fw-la istas_fw-la hidas_fw-la accepit_fw-la ipse_fw-la godricus_fw-la de_fw-la firma_fw-la regis_fw-la unam_fw-la v._n terre_fw-fr de_fw-fr qua_fw-la 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one_o mark_v of_o the_o ancient_a briton_n let_v not_o therefore_o our_o professor_n and_o student_n of_o the_o law_n take_v it_o ill_o that_o i_o have_v thus_o trespass_v upon_o their_o province_n since_o all_o i_o have_v say_v receive_v so_o great_a a_o buttress_n or_o prop_n by_o these_o word_n of_o sir_n edward_n coke_n the_o coherence_n and_o agreement_n betwixt_o the_o british_a and_o hibernian_a law_n make_v i_o think_v that_o ancient_o they_o be_v govern_v by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o law_n which_o if_o grant_v then_o have_v we_o one_o argument_n more_o to_o reinforce_v the_o antiquity_n of_o those_o that_o be_v only_o refresh_v by_o howel-dha_a but_o because_o i_o have_v have_v occasion_n so_o often_o to_o mention_v these_o welsh_a law_n ascribe_v to_o howel-dha_a as_o the_o norman_a king_n do_v our_o law_n to_o edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o as_o edward_n the_o confessor_n do_v the_o same_o law_n to_o his_o grandfather_n edgar_n etc._n etc._n i_o think_v it_o not_o amif_n 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time_n and_o dr._n powel_n in_o his_o additament_n to_o the_o cambrian_a history_n say_v that_o he_o do_v reform_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o wales_n than_o it_o seem_v that_o these_o law_n be_v law_n and_o these_o custom_n be_v custom_n before_o the_o reign_n of_o howel_n who_o only_o take_v upon_o he_o reformation_n not_o alteration_n or_o innovation_n and_o the_o doctor_n further_o discourse_v of_o those_o referree_n to_o who_o howel_n have_v commit_v the_o care_n of_o this_o work_n who_o for_o that_o end_n be_v to_o meet_v at_o a_o place_n call_v ty-gwyn_a in_o caermarthenshire_n say_v these_o have_v in_o charge_n to_o examine_v the_o old_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o wales_n and_o to_o gather_v out_o of_o those_o such_o as_o be_v meet_v for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o country_n who_o full_o do_v discharge_v their_o commission_n thus_o in_o retain_v those_o that_o be_v wholesome_a and_o profitable_a expound_v the_o ambiguous_a and_o doubtful_a and_o abrogate_a the_o 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calderio_fw-la securi_fw-la &_o cultro_fw-la svi_fw-la patris_fw-la hec_fw-la tria_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la pater_fw-la nisi_fw-la juniori_fw-la dare_fw-mi &_o si_fw-la in_o vadimonia_fw-la sint_fw-la data_fw-la possunt_fw-la redimi_fw-la &_o nunquam_fw-la amitti_fw-la domus_fw-la tydyn_n est_fw-la domus_fw-la quilibet_fw-la frater_fw-la debet_fw-la tydyn_n &_o octo_fw-la acras_fw-la junior_fw-la debet_fw-la dividere_fw-la hereditatem_fw-la inter_fw-la fratres_fw-la senior_fw-la autem_fw-la primò_fw-la eligere_fw-la debet_fw-la postea_fw-la secundùm_fw-la aetatem_fw-la svam_fw-la unusquisque_fw-la ad_fw-la minorem_fw-la in_o like_a manner_n there_o be_v certain_a principal_n for_o so_o they_o call_v they_o in_o urchenfield_n that_o like_o heir-loom_n pass_v to_o the_o elder_a and_o herein_o the_o welsh_a and_o this_o do_v disagree_v and_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o partition_n such_o as_o be_v the_o best_a beast_n of_o any_o sort_n the_o best_a bed_n and_o furniture_n the_o best_a table_n the_o best_a dish_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v like_o the_o caldron_n hatchet_n and_o knife_n that_o can_v by_o the_o aforecited_a law_n be_v give_v away_o from_o the_o young_a son_n nor_o so_o much_o as_o set_v to_o pawn_v by_o which_o law_n it_o be_v provide_v that_o after_o the_o set_v out_o of_o eight_o acre_n with_o the_o father_n tenement_n or_o dwell_v house_n then_o be_v the_o partition_n to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o young_a son_n the_o elder_a and_o so_o the_o rest_n according_a to_o seniority_n first_o make_v their_o choice_n here_o be_v two_o different_a usage_n in_o the_o same_o tenure_n of_o partition_n and_o no_o wonder_n be_v it_o that_o we_o find_v in_o that_o old_a foremention_v statute_n aliter_fw-la usitatum_fw-la est_fw-la in_o wallia_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it when_o that_o the_o different_a usage_n in_o england_n be_v so_o many_o but_o this_o aliter_fw-la usitatum_fw-la est_fw-la must_v not_o be_v imagine_v to_o argue_v that_o in_o england_n it_o be_v not_o at_o any_o time_n use_v the_o aliter_fw-la refer_v to_o the_o time_n when_o the_o statute_n be_v enact_v yet_o this_o notwithstanding_o mr._n s._n will_v not_o have_v it_o gavelkynd_n custom_n take_v in_o its_o true_a plenary_a and_o complete_a acception_n here_o be_v many_o qualification_n but_o yet_o not_o to_o repeat_v what_o i_o former_o upon_o this_o urge_v it_o will_v prove_v to_o be_v the_o true_a plenary_a and_o complete_a acception_n of_o the_o custom_n that_o be_v take_v and_o receive_v in_o other_o place_n extra_fw-la cantium_n have_v all_o those_o quality_n and_o condition_n that_o be_v comprehend_v in_o that_o use_v in_o kent_n which_o to_o avoid_v repetition_n i_o shall_v pass_v over_o and_o inform_v you_o how_o that_o chap._n xvi_o the_o change_n very_o considerable_a from_o the_o tenure_n of_o villeinage_n to_o the_o tenure_n of_o gavel-kind_n mr._n s._n have_v several_a time_n meet_v with_o deed_n that_o express_v the_o change_n of_o land_n hold_v in_o villeinage_n into_o gavelkind_n i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o show_v of_o what_o consequence_n this_o exchange_n be_v he_o in_o his_o 58_o page_n say_v it_o be_v true_a indeed_o at_o this_o day_n and_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n haply_o from_o richard_n the_o second_o time_n such_o servile_a work_n
whereas_o there_o be_v no_o more_o in_o it_o than_o the_o plain_a acquisition_n or_o get_v of_o this_o realm_n of_o england_n after_o his_o pretence_n from_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n be_v make_v know_v as_o in_o the_o follow_a tract_n appear_v by_o the_o constraint_n and_o force_n that_o harald_n put_v he_o unto_o to_o get_v his_o settlement_n by_o battle_n with_o he_o which_o word_n of_o conquest_n be_v to_o this_o day_n familiar_o use_v in_o scotland_n to_o signify_v land_n purchase_v and_o mr._n john_n skene_n say_v upon_o the_o word_n that_o conquestus_fw-la signify_v land_n quhilk_n any_o person_n acquiris_fw-la &_o possessis_fw-la privato_fw-la jure_fw-la vel_fw-la singulari_fw-la titulo_fw-la velâ—ti_fw-la donatione_fw-la vel_fw-la singulari_fw-la aliquo_fw-la contractu_fw-la quhilk_n be_v conform_v to_o the_o civil_a law_n ubi_fw-la quae_fw-la stus_fw-la dicitur_fw-la lucrum_fw-la quod_fw-la ex_fw-la emptione_n venditione_n locatione_fw-la conductione_n vel_fw-la generaliter_fw-la ex_fw-la opera_fw-la cu_z jus_o descendit_fw-la l._n coiri_fw-la 7._o cum_fw-la seq_fw-la ff_n pro_fw-la socio_fw-la and_o further_o write_v of_o land_n so_o purchase_v conclude_v conquestus_fw-la dicitur_fw-la ratione_fw-la primi_fw-la conquestoris_fw-la &_o cum_fw-la transmittitur_fw-la ad_fw-la ejus_fw-la haeredem_fw-la exuit_fw-la naturam_fw-la conquestus_fw-la &_o induit_fw-la naturam_fw-la haereditatis_fw-la norman_a conquest_n concern_v which_o also_o we_o have_v so_o great_a a_o plenty_n of_o writer_n that_o they_o almost_o extinguish_v the_o truth_n with_o their_o comment_n and_o conceit_n all_o the_o alteration_n imaginable_a be_v father_v upon_o this_o revolution_n and_o sum_v up_o by_o mr._n samuel_n daniel_n in_o these_o word_n i_o come_v to_o write_v of_o a_o time_n mean_v this_o norman_a affair_n wherein_o the_o state_n of_o england_n receive_v a_o alteration_n of_o law_n custom_n fashion_n manner_n of_o live_v language_n write_v with_o new_a form_n of_o fight_v fortification_n building_n and_o general_o a_o innovation_n in_o most_o thing_n but_o religion_n i_o make_v choice_n of_o this_o paragraph_n of_o so_o elegant_a a_o author_n as_o mr._n daniel_n who_o have_v deserve_v very_o well_o from_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o learning_n for_o his_o ingenuous_a observation_n to_o examine_v the_o particular_n of_o this_o great_a mutation_n so_o general_o imagine_v which_o enumeration_n will_v also_o afford_v we_o the_o method_n of_o our_o discourse_n concern_v that_o which_o happen_v to_o the_o english_a at_o that_o time_n and_o first_o of_o all_o concern_v the_o alteration_n of_o our_o law_n which_o be_v the_o principal_a matter_n of_o our_o enquiry_n of_o which_o among_o many_o mr._n camden_n himself_o have_v thus_o write_v victor_n gulielmus_fw-la in_o victoriae_fw-la quasi_fw-la trophaeum_fw-la antiquatis_fw-la pro_fw-la maximâ_fw-la parte_fw-la anglorum_fw-la legibus_fw-la normanniae_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la induxit_fw-la causasque_fw-la gallicè_fw-la disceptari_fw-la jussit_fw-la yet_o present_o add_v propositis_fw-la igitur_fw-la legibus_fw-la anglicanis_fw-la merchenlage_n danelage_n &_o westsaxenlage_n quasdam_fw-la reprobavit_fw-la quasdam_fw-la autem_fw-la approbans_fw-la transmarinas_fw-la neustriae_fw-la leges_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la regni_fw-la pacem_fw-la tuendam_fw-la efficacissimae_fw-la videbantur_fw-la adjecit_fw-la but_o to_o evince_v this_o let_v we_o have_v recourse_n as_o near_o as_o we_o can_v to_o the_o author_n that_o be_v of_o that_o age_n and_o serious_o weigh_v what_o they_o deliver_v unto_o we_o concern_v this_o matter_n mr._n selden_n our_o of_o the_o litchfield_n chronicle_n cite_v also_o by_o my_o very_o much_o honour_a friend_n and_o incourager_n sir_n roger_n twysden_n introduce_v these_o word_n anno_fw-la gulielmus_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la quarto_fw-la apud_fw-la londonias_fw-la consilio_fw-la baronum_fw-la suorum_fw-la fecit_fw-la summoniri_fw-la per_fw-la universos_fw-la angliae_fw-la comitatus_fw-la omnes_fw-la nobiles_fw-la sapientes_fw-la &_o sva_fw-la lege_fw-la eruditos_fw-la ut_fw-la eorum_fw-la leges_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la audiret_fw-la et_fw-la licet_fw-la idem_fw-la rex_fw-la willielmus_fw-la leges_fw-la northfolktae_fw-la &_o suffolkiae_fw-la grantbrigiae_fw-la &_o deirae_n ubi_fw-la quondam_a maxima_fw-la pars_fw-la danorum_fw-la &_o norwegiensium_fw-la inhabitabant_fw-la prius_fw-la magis_fw-la approbaverat_fw-la &_o eas_fw-la per_fw-la totum_fw-la regnum_fw-la observari_fw-la praeceperat_fw-la pro_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la antecessores_fw-la ejâ—s_fw-la &_o fere_n omnes_fw-la barones_n normanniae_fw-la norwegenses_n extitissent_fw-la &_o quod_fw-la de_fw-la norwegia_fw-la olim_fw-la venissent_fw-la sed_fw-la postea_fw-la ad_fw-la preces_fw-la communitatis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la rex_fw-la adquievit_fw-la qui_fw-la deprecati_fw-la sunt_fw-la quatenus_fw-la permitteret_fw-la sibi_fw-la leges_fw-la proprias_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la antiquas_fw-la habere_fw-la in_fw-la quibus_fw-la vixerant_fw-la patres_fw-la eorum_fw-la &_o ipsi_fw-la in_o eye_n nati_fw-la &_o nutriti_fw-la sunt_fw-la scilicet_fw-la leges_fw-la sancti_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la illo_fw-la die_fw-la magna_fw-la authoritate_fw-la veneratae_fw-la &_o per_fw-la universum_fw-la regnum_fw-la corroboratae_fw-la &_o conservatae_fw-la sunt_fw-la praecaeteris_fw-la regni_fw-la legibus_fw-la leges_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la unde_fw-la per_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la regis_fw-la willielmi_n electi_fw-la sunt_fw-la de_fw-la singulis_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la comitatibus_fw-la duodecim_fw-la viri_fw-la sapientiores_fw-la quibus_fw-la jurejurando_fw-la injunctum_fw-la fuit_fw-la coram_fw-la rege_fw-la willielmo_n ut_fw-la quoad_fw-la possent_fw-la recto_fw-la tramite_fw-la neque_fw-la ad_fw-la dexteram_fw-la neque_fw-la ad_fw-la sinistram_fw-la declinantes_fw-la legum_fw-la suarum_fw-la &_o consuetu_fw-la inum_fw-la sancita_fw-la patefacerent_fw-la nil_fw-la praetermittentes_fw-la nil_fw-la addentes_fw-la nil_fw-la praevaricando_fw-la mutantes_fw-la alderedus_fw-la autem_fw-la eboracensis_fw-la episcopus_fw-la &_o hugo_n londoniensis_fw-la episcopus_fw-la per_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la regis_fw-la scripserunt_fw-la propriis_fw-la manibus_fw-la omne_fw-la quae_fw-la praedicti_fw-la jurati_fw-la dixerunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n ingulphus_n crolandensis_n also_o who_o be_v chaplain_n to_o this_o king_n william_n and_o be_v himself_o somewhat_o concern_v in_o this_o affair_n and_o so_o the_o more_o to_o be_v believe_v as_o a_o agent_n write_v a_o little_a more_o plain_o than_o the_o last_o do_v thus_o attuli_fw-la say_v he_o eadem_fw-la vice_fw-la mecum_fw-la lundoniis_fw-la in_o meum_fw-la monasterium_fw-la leges_fw-la aequissimi_fw-la regis_fw-la ewardi_fw-la quas_fw-la dominus_fw-la meus_fw-la inclytus_fw-la rex_fw-la willielmus_fw-la autenticas_fw-la esse_fw-la &_o perpetuas_fw-la per_fw-la totum_fw-la regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la inviolabilitérque_fw-la tenendas_fw-la sub_fw-la poenis_fw-la gravissimis_fw-la proclamarat_fw-la &_o suis_fw-la justiciariis_fw-la commendârat_fw-la eodem_fw-la idiomate_fw-la quo_fw-la editae_fw-la sunt_fw-la ne_fw-la per_fw-la ignorantiam_fw-la contingat_fw-la nos_fw-la vel_fw-la nostros_fw-la aliquando_fw-la in_fw-la nostrum_fw-la grave_n periculum_fw-la contraire_fw-fr &_o offendere_fw-la ausu_fw-la temerario_fw-la regiam_fw-la majestatem_fw-la ac_fw-la in_o ejus_fw-la censuras_fw-la rigidissimas_fw-la improvidum_fw-la pedem_fw-la far_o contentas_fw-la saepius_fw-la in_o eisdem_fw-la hoc_fw-la modo_fw-la and_o the_o title_n of_o those_o law_n be_v this_o ces_n sont_fw-fr les_fw-fr leis_fw-la &_o les_fw-fr custumes_n que_fw-fr li_n reis_n william_n grantut_o à _fw-fr tut_o le_fw-fr peuple_fw-fr de_fw-fr engleterre_fw-fr apres_fw-fr le_fw-fr conquest_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr terre_fw-fr iceles_n meisme_n que_fw-fr le_fw-fr reis_n edward_n sun_n cousin_n tint_v devant_fw-fr lui_fw-fr which_o be_v in_o english_a these_o be_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n which_o king_n william_n grant_v to_o all_o the_o people_n of_o england_n after_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o land_n and_o be_v the_o same_o which_o king_n edward_n his_o cousin_n do_v hold_v before_o he_o and_o the_o like_a account_n give_v by_o the_o litchfield_n chronicle_n be_v find_v in_o the_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n which_o though_o from_o he_o receive_v the_o denomination_n yet_o probable_o be_v transcript_n of_o a_o date_n since_o the_o norman_a conquest_n for_o that_o in_o they_o be_v find_v a_o express_a of_o the_o norman_a settlement_n of_o they_o in_o which_o be_v also_o a_o account_n of_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o rate_n of_o mulcâ—s_n betwixt_o the_o saxon_n and_o dane_n or_o norwegian_n and_o because_o of_o the_o â—â—ar_a relation_n the_o norman_n have_v to_o the_o dane_n it_o be_v say_v that_o king_n william_n make_v choice_n of_o those_o law_n and_o will_v have_v have_v they_o put_v in_o execution_n as_o the_o law_n of_o england_n quip_n cum_fw-la aliarum_fw-la legibus_fw-la nationum_fw-la brytonum_fw-la scilicet_fw-la anglorum_fw-la pictorum_fw-la &_o scotorum_fw-la praeponderassent_fw-la he_o praise_v and_o like_v of_o this_o danelaege_a best_o only_o this_o observe_v if_o it_o be_v worth_a take_v notice_n of_o that_o not_o only_o the_o british_a law_n come_v into_o the_o account_n but_o also_o they_o be_v set_v in_o the_o first_o place_n but_o king_n william_n desigment_n have_v this_o effect_n and_o issue_n for_o take_v that_o resolution_n it_o be_v say_v quo_fw-la audito_fw-la mox_fw-la universi_fw-la compatriotae_fw-la regni_fw-la qui_fw-la leges_fw-la edixerant_fw-la tristes_fw-la effecti_fw-la unanimiter_fw-la deprecati_fw-la sunt_fw-la quatenus_fw-la permitteret_fw-la sibi_fw-la leges_fw-la proprias_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la antiquas_fw-la habere_fw-la in_o quibus_fw-la vix_fw-la runt_n patres_fw-la eorum_fw-la &_o ipsi_fw-la in_o eye_n nati_fw-la &_o nutriti_fw-la sunt_fw-la
infamis_fw-la ante_fw-la fuerat_fw-la per_fw-la serment_n nomed_a videlicet_fw-la fourteen_o etc._n fourteen_o judge_n dodaridge_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o the_o baron_n pag._n 155_o say_v the_o yeomanry_n or_o common_a people_n for_o they_o be_v call_v of_o the_o saxon_a word_n zeman_n which_o do_v signify_v common_a who_o have_v some_o land_n of_o their_o own_o to_o live_v upon_o for_o a_o câ—rve_v of_o land_n or_o ploughland_n be_v in_o ancient_a time_n of_o the_o yearly_a value_n of_o five_o noble_n and_o this_o be_v the_o live_n of_o a_o sober_a man_n or_o yeoman_n coke_n 9_o part_n fol._n 124._o b._n but_o in_o our_o law_n they_o be_v call_v legales_fw-la homines_fw-la a_o word_n very_o familiar_a in_o writ_n and_o inquest_n etc._n etc._n homines_fw-la legales_fw-la per_fw-la non_fw-la si_fw-la be_v habere_fw-la eos_fw-la poterit_fw-la purget_fw-la se_fw-la dvodecima_fw-la manu_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o in_o the_o next_o number_n against_o those_o that_o break_v a_o church_n or_o a_o dwellinghouse_n it_o be_v say_v se_fw-la purget_fw-la per_fw-la xlii_o etc._n xlii_o judge_n dodaridge_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o the_o baron_n pag._n 155_o say_v the_o yeomanry_n or_o common_a people_n for_o they_o be_v call_v of_o the_o saxon_a word_n zeman_n which_o do_v signify_v common_a who_o have_v some_o land_n of_o their_o own_o to_o live_v upon_o for_o a_o câ—rve_v of_o land_n or_o ploughland_n be_v in_o ancient_a time_n of_o the_o yearly_a value_n of_o five_o noble_n and_o this_o be_v the_o live_n of_o a_o sober_a man_n or_o yeoman_n coke_n 9_o part_n fol._n 124._o b._n but_o in_o our_o law_n they_o be_v call_v legales_fw-la homines_fw-la a_o word_n very_o familiar_a in_o writ_n and_o inquest_n etc._n etc._n legales_fw-la homines_fw-la nome_v se_fw-la dvodecima_fw-la manu_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o it_o be_v decree_v for_o a_o pledge_n of_o any_o thief_n that_o be_v flee_v or_o escape_v plegius_fw-la ejus_fw-la habebit_fw-la iu_o menses_fw-la &_o unum_fw-la diem_fw-la ad_fw-la eum_fw-la quaerendum_fw-la &_o si_fw-la possit_fw-la eum_fw-la invenire_fw-la juret_fw-la se_fw-la dvodecima_fw-la manu_fw-la but_o this_o all_o look_n on_o this_o side_n the_o norman_a conquest_n let_v we_o therefore_o pass_v beyond_o it_o lest_o any_o shall_v be_v so_o inconsiderate_a as_o to_o think_v these_o cite_a law_n be_v not_o the_o law_n of_o the_o saxon_n before_o the_o conquest_n and_o in_o the_o xxxviii_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n we_o find_v this_o concern_v a_o person_n accuse_v si_fw-mi testarentur_fw-la hominem_fw-la de_fw-la bona_fw-la vita_fw-la &_o 2_o legalitate_fw-la purgaret_fw-la se_fw-la judicio_fw-la comitatus_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n ethelred_n who_o be_v much_o infest_a with_o the_o dane_n he_o take_v order_n for_o the_o like_a sort_n of_o trial_n which_o be_v then_o one_o of_o the_o sort_n of_o and_o be_v call_v also_o purgation_n where_o one_o that_o be_v accuse_v be_v to_o take_v this_o course_n adjunctis_fw-la sibi_fw-la thanis_n quinque_fw-la omnem_fw-la criminis_fw-la suspitionem_fw-la diluito_fw-la and_o present_o after_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o almost_o in_o the_o same_o word_n it_o be_v repeat_v ascitis_fw-la sibi_fw-la thanis_n quinque_fw-la crimeneluito_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o the_o law_n of_o king_n ina_n it_o be_v provide_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v such_o a_o quantity_n of_o land_n contain_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o hide_n requisite_a for_o the_o judge_n of_o some_o man_n for_o mis-demeanour_n as_o in_o the_o xlvii_o law_n si_fw-mi cvi_fw-la objiciatur_fw-la furto_fw-la surripuisse_fw-la rem_fw-la aliquam_fw-la vel_fw-la furtim_fw-la subductam_fw-la admisisse_fw-la be_v pro_fw-la ratione_fw-la lx._n hydarum_fw-la se_fw-la culpa_fw-la liberato_fw-la si_fw-la modo_fw-la dignus_fw-la qui_fw-la juret_fw-la habetur_fw-la anglus_fw-la furti_fw-la postulatus_fw-la duplici_fw-la se_fw-la purget_fw-la numero_fw-la wallus_fw-la majore_fw-la juratorum_fw-la numero_fw-la non_fw-la obstringatur_fw-la here_o you_o see_v the_o two_o last_o refert_fw-la to_o the_o first_o and_o both_o to_o the_o number_n of_o jurate_n which_o what_o they_o be_v be_v to_o they_o so_o well_o know_v that_o they_o think_v it_o needless_a to_o set_v it_o down_o any_o otherways_o than_o by_o the_o number_n of_o hide_n which_o form_n occurr_v frequent_o up_o and_o down_o in_o those_o law_n but_o in_o the_o xix_o of_o the_o say_a king_n jna_n law_n i_o find_v somewhat_o that_o give_v a_o explanation_n to_o the_o former_a recite_v law_n where_o it_o be_v say_v regii_fw-la villici_fw-la jusjurandum_fw-la if_o he_o be_v a_o master_n of_o a_o family_n or_o a_o housekeeper_n ejus_fw-la est_fw-la momenti_fw-la ac_fw-la ponderis_fw-la ut_fw-la cum_fw-la lx._n terrae_fw-la hydis_fw-la exequari_fw-la intelligatur_fw-la in_o the_o same_o manner_n be_v it_o among_o the_o welsh_a where_o they_o be_v to_o the_o number_n of_o xlii_o as_o in_o several_a of_o the_o law_n of_o howel-dha_a and_o in_o the_o epitome_n of_o the_o custom_n of_o arcenefeld_n in_o domesday_n be_v to_o be_v see_v which_o i_o shall_v for_o brevity_n sake_n omit_v again_o the_o very_a fabric_n and_o make_v of_o all_o our_o law_n as_o now_o at_o present_a be_v not_o at_o all_o different_a from_o the_o ancient_a way_n of_o contexture_n of_o they_o among_o the_o saxon_n in_o their_o etheldredi_n their_o judge_n dâ—daridge_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o nobility_n write_v pag._n 121._o of_o a_o treatise_n which_o he_o call_v very_o ancient_a denominate_v de_fw-fr modo_fw-la tenendi_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la tempore_fw-la regis_fw-la edw._n silij_fw-la regis_fw-la etheldredi_n mickel-gemote_a and_o their_o wittangemote_a both_o these_o together_o have_v receive_v the_o norman_a denomination_n of_o parliament_n although_o the_o thing_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o but_o that_o which_o be_v of_o great_a persuasion_n and_o force_n with_o i_o be_v that_o they_o have_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o norman_a conquest_n contrary_a to_o the_o common_a receive_v opinion_n the_o same_o way_n of_o make_v claim_n for_o land_n and_o title_n as_o before_o which_o the_o word_n calumniare_fw-la do_v signify_v and_o which_o 234._o which_o coke_n upon_o lit._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 12._o sect._n 234._o sr._n edward_n coke_n say_v be_v a_o word_n common_a to_o both_o if_o it_o prove_v so_o then_o probable_o use_v by_o the_o saxon_n before_o the_o conquest_n the_o controversy_n between_o warren_n the_o norman_a and_o sherburn_n of_o sherburn_n in_o the_o county_n of_o norfolk_n illustrate_v by_o mr._n campden_n show_v that_o all_o thing_n in_o that_o age_n do_v not_o pass_v sole_o according_a to_o his_o will_n for_o notwithstanding_o the_o castle_n of_o sherburn_n be_v give_v by_o the_o conqueror_n to_o warren_n his_o great_a favourite_n yet_o upon_o the_o allegation_n of_o sherburn_n that_o he_o do_v never_o bear_v arm_n against_o he_o but_o be_v his_o subject_n as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o and_o hold_v his_o land_n by_o that_o law_n that_o the_o king_n have_v establish_v among_o all_o his_o subject_n the_o king_n give_v judgement_n against_o warren_n and_o command_v that_o sherburn_n shall_v hold_v his_o land_n in_o peace_n this_o be_v cite_v as_o almost_o the_o only_a act_n of_o favour_n the_o conqueror_n do_v whereas_o it_o be_v mistake_v for_o it_o be_v a_o act_n of_o justice_n and_o such_o case_n do_v frequent_o appear_v in_o that_o record_n call_v domesday_n where_o i_o find_v among_o other_o this_o concern_v the_o manor_n of_o cerdeford_n in_o hantescire_fw-la hold_v by_o hugo_n de_fw-fr port._n in_o isto_fw-la manerio_fw-la tenet_fw-la picot_n 11._o vs._n &_o dimid_n de_fw-fr rege_fw-la phitelet_n tenuit_fw-la in_o alodium_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la edwardo_n pro_fw-la mannerio_n istam_fw-la terram_fw-la calumniatur_fw-la willielmus_fw-la de_fw-la chernet_n dicens_fw-la pertinere_fw-la ad_fw-la mannerium_n de_fw-fr cerdisord_n feudum_fw-la hugonis_fw-la de_fw-la port_n per_fw-la hereditatem_fw-la svi_fw-la antecessoris_fw-la &_o de_fw-la hoc_fw-la suum_fw-la testimonium_fw-la adduxit_fw-la de_fw-la melioribus_fw-la &_o antiquis_fw-la hominibus_fw-la totius_fw-la comitatus_fw-la &_o hundredi_n &_o picot_n contraduxit_fw-la suum_fw-la testimonium_fw-la de_fw-la villanis_fw-la &_o vili_fw-la plebe_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr prepositis_fw-la qui_fw-la volunt_fw-la defendere_fw-la per_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la aut_fw-la per_fw-la dei_fw-la judicium_fw-la quod_fw-la ille_fw-la qui_fw-la tenuit_fw-la terram_fw-la libre_fw-la homo_fw-la fuit_fw-la then_o exit_fw-la domesdei_fw-la hantescira_n tran_n tainonr_n regis_fw-la alwi_n filius_fw-la torber_n tenet_fw-la rocheborne_n uluiet_a tenuit_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la edw._n in_fw-la alodium_fw-la pro_fw-la manerio_fw-la de_fw-la ista_fw-la hida_fw-la i._o virg_n quam_fw-la calumniabatur_fw-la dicit_fw-la hund._n quod_fw-la t._n r._n e._n quieta_fw-la &_o soluta_fw-la fuit_fw-la &_o inde_fw-la habet_fw-la alwi_fw-la sigillum_fw-la regis_fw-la edw._n exit_fw-la domesdei_fw-la hantescire_fw-la tran_n tainonr_n regis_fw-la edwinus_fw-la tenet_fw-la acangre_n &_o dicit_fw-la quia_fw-la emit_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la willielmo_n sed_fw-la scira_fw-la nescit_fw-la hoc_fw-la de_fw-la hoc_fw-la manerio_fw-la calumniatur_fw-la prepositus_fw-la regis_fw-la dim_a hide_v ad_fw-la pasturam_fw-la boum_fw-la regis_fw-la scira_n vero_fw-la testatur_fw-la quod_fw-la
admit_v but_o to_o run_v over_o some_o more_o of_o his_o gable_n that_o which_o he_o discourse_v of_o in_o his_o 30_o page_n be_v a_o for-gavel_a which_o be_v right_o render_v foris_fw-la gabulum_fw-la and_o be_v define_v to_o be_v quasi_fw-la extra_fw-la vel_fw-la praeter_fw-la gabulum_fw-la quod_fw-la domino_fw-la capitali_fw-la debetur_fw-la and_o this_o correspond_v with_o what_o before_o i_o have_v say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o rent_n or_o a_o duty_n beside_o over_o and_o above_o or_o beyond_o the_o original_a contract_n or_o bargain_n the_o like_a be_v in_o mete-gavel_a which_o be_v cibi_fw-la gablum_fw-la a_o rent_n of_o meat_n or_o food_n swine-gavel_a which_o be_v porcorum_fw-la gablum_fw-la a_o rent_n of_o swine_n werke-gavel_a and_o werke-gabulum_a which_o be_v operis_fw-la gablum_fw-la hunig-gavel_a which_o be_v gabulum_fw-la mellis_fw-la domâ—sdey_n mellis_fw-la for_o before_o that_o sagar_n be_v from_o the_o indies_n bring_v among_o we_o the_o use_n of_o honey_n be_v frequent_a instead_o thereof_o so_o that_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o some_o very_a ancient_a rental_n as_o great_a a_o proportion_n of_o honey_n as_o there_o will_v be_v require_v of_o sugar_n to_o seâ—ve_v such_o a_o family_n and_o much_o reserve_v to_o the_o king_n in_o most_o county_n as_o appear_v by_o domâ—sdey_n rent_n honey_n of_o which_o sort_n in_o domesdey_n you_o may_v find_v much_o and_o in_o the_o 60._o law_n of_o king_n ina_n we_o find_v a_o bere-gafol_a which_o be_v a_o rent_n of_o beer_n or_o rather_o barley_n as_o mr._n lambard_n expound_v it_o for_o in_o some_o country_n of_o england_n and_o in_o scotland_n they_o to_o this_o day_n call_v barley_n beer_n there_o be_v also_o in_o the_o 66._o of_o king_n ina_n law_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d speak_v of_o a_o yard_n of_o land_n which_o mr._n lambard_n render_v to_o signify_v mercede_fw-la conductam_fw-la that_o be_v hire_v for_o rent_n or_o wages_n so_o be_v it_o in_o the_o covenant_n betwixt_o king_n alured_n and_o guthrun_n the_o dane_n in_o the_o second_o article_n where_o it_o be_v say_v but_o tan_o ðaem_v câ—oâ—le_a de_fw-fr on_o gafollande_n rit_n which_o mr._n lambard_n render_v thus_o siquidem_fw-la be_v rusticus_n censum_fw-la annuum_fw-la impendens_fw-la non_fw-la fuerit_fw-la which_o i_o think_v in_o english_a be_v provide_v that_o that_o countryman_n do_v not_o sit_v on_o rent_a land_n for_o but_o in_o the_o old_a english_a as_o well_o as_o to_o this_o day_n in_o the_o present_a scotch_a signify_v without_o or_o want_v etc._n etc._n there_o i_o find_v gafollande_n be_v turn_v into_o census_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o i_o have_v need_n to_o make_v use_n of_o or_o take_v notice_n of_o in_o the_o law_n of_o king_n aethelstan_n it_o be_v thus_o Æ¿ealisc_a monne_n etc._n etc._n ê§_n he_o ðam_v ce_a gafol-gyldan_a maeg_fw-la which_o be_v thus_o translate_v wallus_n si_fw-la in_o eas_fw-la opes_fw-la creverit_fw-la etc._n etc._n ut_fw-la annuum_fw-la regi_fw-la censum_fw-la pendat_fw-la which_o be_v if_o a_o welshman_n increase_v so_o in_o riches_n etc._n etc._n that_o he_o can_v or_o may_v yield_v a_o yearly_a rent_n to_o the_o king_n such_o a_o one_o perhaps_o as_o we_o call_v a_o subsidy_n man_n or_o a_o man_n in_o the_o king_n book_n so_o in_o the_o six_o of_o king_n ina_n law_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v if_o any_o one_o fight_v in_o the_o house_n of_o one_o that_o pay_v rend_v and_o in_o the_o 22._o of_o the_o same_o king_n that_o so_o often_o recite_v law_n Æ¿ealh_n gafolgylda_fw-la hund_n tÆ¿_n lftig_fw-mi â—cill_n which_o be_v turn_v into_o latin_a thus_o 33._o mr._n s._n pag._n 33._o wallus_fw-la censum_fw-la pendens_fw-la annuum_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o the_o same_o sense_n be_v the_o word_n gavel-man_n cite_v by_o payment_n by_o many_o there_o be_v that_o with_o mr._n selden_n account_v gafol_n to_o signify_v several_a thing_n as_o tributum_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o not_o in_o the_o least_o with_o reference_n to_o the_o tenure_n he_o cite_v the_o aâ—â—ales_n anglosaxoas_n in_o bibliotheca_fw-la cottoniana_n anno_fw-la 1012._o ða_o ê§_n gafol_fw-mi gelaest_n sae_z &_o frið_n aþa_v asporene_a Æ¿aeson_fw-mi þa_fw-mi to_o ferde_v se_fw-mi here_o Æ¿ide_n sÆ¿a_o he_o aer_fw-la gegaderode_o Æ¿a_v ða_o bugon_n to_o þam_fw-la ce_v of_o þam_n here_o fif_fw-mi &_o feoÆ¿ertig_fw-ge scypa_fw-mi &_o he_o beheton_n ê§_n he_o Æ¿oldon_n þysne_v ear_a healoan_n &_o he_o he_o fedan_n sceolde_a &_o scÆ¿ydon_n id_fw-la est_fw-la tributo_fw-la soluto_fw-la &_o amicitiae_fw-la juramentis_fw-la praestitis_fw-la excrcitus_fw-la ut_fw-la ante_fw-la erat_fw-la congregatus_fw-la late_a dispergitur_fw-la maneb_fw-mi vit_fw-mi vero_fw-la cum_fw-la rege_fw-la ex_fw-la ipso_fw-la exercitu_fw-la quadraginta_fw-la quinque_fw-la nave_n ipsique_fw-la side_n datâ_fw-la promiserunt_fw-la se_fw-la terram_fw-la hanc_fw-la dâ—fensuros_fw-la modo_fw-la eos_fw-la aleret_fw-la &_o vestiret_fw-la rex_fw-la danorum_fw-la rex_fw-la tunc_fw-la swanus_fw-la crat_fw-mi quorum_fw-la ita_fw-la pepigit_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la utrumque_fw-la autem_fw-la praestationis_fw-la quam_fw-la diximus_fw-la genus_fw-la danegeld_n danegeldum_fw-la seu_fw-la danageldum_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la tributum_fw-la danicum_fw-la dicebatur_fw-la seld._n mar._n clau_n l._n 2._o c._n 11._o here_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o geld_v be_v most_o proper_o tribute_n though_o in_o the_o former_a part_n of_o this_o saxon_a citation_n mr._n selden_n render_v gafol_n by_o tributum_fw-la and_o proper_o it_o do_v signify_v a_o payment_n mr._n s._n which_o have_v no_o more_o in_o signification_n than_o one_o that_o pay_v a_o rent_n and_o relate_v not_o at_o all_o to_o the_o tenure_n and_o i_o believe_v if_o serious_o look_v into_o that_o many_o of_o these_o compound_n who_o have_v this_o similitude_n of_o sound_n do_v not_o hold_v under_o or_o by_o the_o tenure_n of_o partition_n which_o if_o so_o here_o be_v nomen_fw-la sine_fw-la re_fw-la and_o this_o last_o may_v be_v a_o term_n as_o significant_a for_o any_o one_o that_o pay_v a_o rent_n in_o cumberland_n as_o in_o kent_n in_o this_o recite_v page_n it_o be_v that_o mr._n s._n have_v right_o fix_v his_o gavel_n for_o say_v he_o one_o thing_n more_o i_o have_v to_o note_v before_o i_o leave_v gable_n gavel_n etc._n etc._n that_o with_o mala_n it_o signify_v rent_n service_n or_o custom_n and_o in_o his_o 35_o page_n he_o add_v by_o this_o time_n the_o reader_n be_v satisfy_v i_o hope_v say_v he_o touch_v the_o true_a construction_n of_o gavel_n gafol_n gable_n or_o how_o ever_o else_o he_o shall_v chance_v to_o find_v it_o write_v in_o each_o import_a cens_n i._n e._n a_o rent_n either_o in_o money_n provision_n or_o work_n to_o conclude_v i_o be_o of_o the_o same_o opinion_n with_o mr._n s._n that_o these_o intermixture_n and_o compound_n do_v all_o hold_v a_o reference_n to_o gafol_n gablum_fw-la or_o gabulum_fw-la that_o all_o of_o they_o have_v one_o and_o the_o same_o exposition_n yet_o that_o none_o of_o they_o have_v any_o relation_n to_o the_o tenure_n of_o partition_n or_o to_o any_o other_o tenure_n beside_o the_o rent_v or_o pay_v of_o a_o rent_n for_o land_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v only_o one_o thing_n more_o left_a to_o be_v consider_v which_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v in_o it_o some_o strength_n and_o that_o be_v in_o the_o 31._o page_n of_o mr._n s._n where_o he_o cite_v this_o &_o postea_fw-la per_fw-la quandam_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la quae_fw-la voco_fw-la gavelate_fw-la usitatam_fw-la in_o comitatu_fw-la isto_fw-la viz._n kanc_n de_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o tenementis_fw-la de_fw-la gavelkind_n pro_fw-la redditibus_fw-la &_o servitiis_fw-la quae_fw-la à _fw-la retro_fw-la fuerint_fw-la de_fw-la eisdem_fw-la per_fw-la plures_fw-la annos_fw-la devenerunt_fw-la eaedem_fw-la terrae_fw-la in_o manus_fw-la cujusdam_fw-la abbatis_fw-la etc._n etc._n now_o this_o consuetudo_fw-la de_fw-fr gavelate_v use_v in_o the_o land_n and_o tenement_n hold_v in_o gavelkind_n seem_v the_o one_o to_o have_v relation_n to_o the_o other_o for_o mr._n s._n in_o the_o begin_n of_o that_o paragraph_n tell_v we_o that_o this_o gavelate_n be_v not_o a_o reut_n or_o a_o service_n but_o betoken_v a_o rent_n or_o a_o service_n withhold_v deny_v or_o detain_v cause_v the_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o tenement_n to_o the_o lord_n and_o whereas_o that_o record_n say_v it_o be_v use_v in_o that_o county_n upon_o land_n and_o tenement_n hold_v in_o gavelkind_n sir_n edward_n coke_n as_o mr._n s._n himself_o cite_v he_o say_v gaveletum_n be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v as_o to_o cease_v or_o let_v to_o pay_v the_o rent_n breve_fw-la de_fw-fr gavelleto_fw-it in_o london_n est_fw-la breve_fw-la de_fw-fr cessavit_fw-la in_o biennium_fw-la etc._n etc._n pro_fw-la redditu_fw-la ibidem_fw-la quia_fw-la tenementa_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la indistringibilia_fw-la so_o that_o this_o brief_a lay_n in_o london_n as_o well_o as_o kent_n and_o minshew_n in_o his_o dictionary_n upon_o the_o word_n gavelet_n exemplify_v it_o by_o a_o case_n that_o if_o any_o tenant_n in_o gavelkind_n withhold_v his_o rent_n and_o his_o service_n of_o the_o tenement_n which_o he_o hold_v of_o
of_o the_o elder_a son_n alone_o partly_o for_o his_o own_o and_o the_o realm_n better_a defence_n and_o strengthen_n and_o partly_o for_o the_o uphold_v and_o maintenance_n of_o gentile_a family_n which_o if_o true_a than_o it_o be_v that_o primogeniture_n be_v first_o set_v into_o a_o peculiar_a esteem_n and_o account_n and_o this_o a_o innovation_n of_o the_o norman_a conqueror_n and_o our_o gavelkind_n probable_o the_o general_n use_v before_o but_o in_o this_o case_n we_o have_v best_o use_v moderation_n and_o admit_v that_o neither_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o have_v in_o those_o time_n the_o sole_a pre-eminence_n and_o singularity_n but_o as_o there_o be_v divers_a use_n in_o forfeiture_n under_o west-saxen_a laege_n danelaege_a and_o merchenlaege_a so_o i_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v then_o several_a custom_n and_o usage_n as_o to_o the_o descend_v of_o inheritance_n all_o of_o which_o may_v with_o small_a courtesy_n be_v allow_v to_o be_v according_a both_o to_o law_n and_o custom_n for_o sir_n edward_n coke_n upon_o littleton_n in_o the_o place_n thereupon_o cite_v by_o mr._n s._n to_o confirm_v his_o assumption_n say_v qui_fw-la prio_fw-la est_fw-la tempore_fw-la potior_fw-la est_fw-la jure_fw-la and_o affirm_v that_o in_o king_n alfred_n time_n knight_n fee_n descend_v to_o the_o elder_a son_n and_o give_v this_o as_o the_o reason_n for_o that_o by_o division_n of_o such_o fee_n between_o male_n the_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n may_v be_v weaken_v but_o in_o those_o day_n soccage-fee_n be_v divide_v between_o the_o heir_n males_n and_o here_o sir_n edward_n coke_n be_v of_o the_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v the_o general_a custom_n of_o all_o england_n and_o so_o continue_v till_o by_o fraction_n it_o shall_v seem_v that_o the_o military_a settlement_n be_v infringe_v and_o to_o strengthen_v this_o opinion_n he_o introduce_v glanvill_n of_o which_o word_n mr._n s._n have_v also_o make_v use_n in_o his_o book_n and_o be_v thus_o cum_fw-la quis_fw-la haereditatem_fw-la babens_fw-la moriatur_fw-la etc._n etc._n si_fw-la plures_fw-la reliquerit_fw-la filiosâ—_n tunc_fw-la distinguitur_fw-la coke_n distinguitur_fw-la judge_v dodaridge_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o nobility_n p._n 119._o say_v it_o be_v ancient_o ordain_v that_o all_o knight_n fee_n shall_v come_v unto_o the_o elder_a son_n by_o succession_n of_o heritage_n whereby_o he_o succeed_v his_o ancestor_n in_o his_o whole_a inheritance_n may_v be_v the_o better_o enable_v to_o maintain_v the_o war_n against_o the_o king_n enemy_n or_o his_o lord_n and_o that_o the_o soccage_n fee_n shall_v be_v partible_a among_o the_o male_a child_n to_o enable_v they_o to_o increase_v into_o many_o family_n for_o the_o better_a furtherance_n in_o and_o increase_v of_o husbandry_n haec_fw-la ex_fw-la sr._n i._o coke_n utrum_fw-la ille_fw-la fuerit_fw-la mile_n sive_fw-la per_fw-la feodum_fw-la militare_fw-la tenens_fw-la aut_fw-la libre_fw-la sockmannus_n quia_fw-la si_fw-la mile_n fuerit_fw-la aut_fw-la per_fw-la militiam_fw-la tenens_fw-la tunc_fw-la secundùm_fw-la jus_o regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la primogenitus_fw-la filius_fw-la patri_fw-la succedit_fw-la in_o toto_fw-la etc._n etc._n si_fw-mi verò_fw-la fuerit_fw-la libre_fw-la sockmannus_n tunc_fw-la quidem_fw-la dividetur_fw-la haereditas_fw-la inter_fw-la omnes_fw-la filios_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o last_o part_n of_o this_o paragraph_n have_v reference_n to_o secundùm_fw-la jus_o regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la as_o well_o as_o the_o first_o and_o this_o partition_n seem_v general_o diffuse_v as_o if_o all_o england_n have_v a_o propriety_n therein_o and_o out_o of_o fortescue_n he_o add_v haereditas_fw-la inter_fw-la masculos_fw-la jure_fw-la civili_fw-la est_fw-la dividenda_fw-la this_o relation_n it_o have_v to_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o it_o show_v its_o universality_n so_o also_o its_o antiquity_n and_o notwithstanding_o this_o may_v be_v think_v not_o much_o to_o the_o purpose_n yet_o something_o that_o be_v not_o much_o from_o it_o may_v be_v from_o hence_o observe_v and_o collect_v as_o much_o certain_o as_o sir_n edward_n coke_n show_v in_o his_o chapter_n of_o villeinage_n upon_o littleton_n concern_v a_o sort_n of_o gavelkynd_n in_o the_o bear_n of_o arm_n for_o they_o say_v he_o descend_v to_o all_o the_o son_n every_o son_n be_v a_o gentleman_n alike_o which_o gentry_n and_o arm_n do_v not_o only_o descend_v to_o all_o the_o brethren_n but_o also_o to_o all_o their_o posterity_n but_o jure_fw-la primogeniturae_fw-la the_o elder_a shall_v bear_v as_o a_o badge_n of_o his_o birthright_n his_o father_n arm_n without_o any_o difference_n for_o that_o as_o littleton_n say_v sectione_n he_o be_v the_o more_o worthy_a of_o blood_n but_o all_o the_o young_a brethren_n shall_v give_v several_a difference_n &_o additio_fw-la probat_fw-la minoritatem_fw-la i_o have_v only_o this_o to_o observe_v though_o i_o believe_v it_o not_o unknown_a to_o any_o one_o that_o know_v any_o thing_n of_o tenor_n yet_o perchance_o it_o may_v not_o be_v un-necessary_a to_o make_v mention_n of_o it_o to_o inform_v some_o that_o have_v not_o take_v notice_n of_o it_o and_o that_o be_v of_o a_o twofold_a sort_n of_o infeoffment_n find_v ancient_o concern_v land_n the_o one_o be_v call_v vetus_n the_o other_o novum_n both_o of_o they_o erection_n of_o military_a service_n upon_o such_o person_n as_o be_v think_v worthy_a the_o degree_n of_o regis_fw-la of_o in_o domesdey_n in_o dorsetshire_n there_o be_v this_o tren_a tainorum_fw-la regis_fw-la in_o one_o title_n and_o in_o the_o next_o it_o be_v thus_o for_o the_o same_o thing_n tren_a servientium_fw-la regis_fw-la thanes_z the_o first_o be_v that_o found_v before_o and_o by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n the_o other_o be_v that_o which_o be_v in_o erect_v betwixt_o the_o time_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n and_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o in_o his_o survey_n of_o knights-fee_n be_v call_v novum_fw-la feoffamentum_fw-la both_o i_o believe_v spin_v out_o of_o gavel-kind_n for_o i_o find_v chap._n fourteen_o partition_n of_o land_n by_o the_o saxon_a law_n those_o low_v continue_v and_o confirm_v after_o the_o conquest_n the_o correspondence_n and_o progression_n of_o the_o british_a language_n all_o that_o i_o have_v aim_v at_o principal_o be_v to_o show_v that_o inheritance_n be_v ancient_o and_o general_o partible_a and_o will_v suppose_v they_o so_o from_o the_o most_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o our_o island_n who_o be_v the_o britain_n and_o so_o deduce_v the_o probability_n of_o the_o denomination_n of_o the_o tenure_n viz._n gavelkynd_n from_o they_o what_o i_o have_v already_o say_v in_o this_o matter_n i_o will_v not_o trouble_v the_o reader_n with_o a_o repetition_n thereof_o only_o in_o this_o place_n take_v notice_n that_o the_o saxon_n have_v their_o land_n common_o partible_a among_o they_o except_o it_o be_v in_o their_o military_a tenor_n to_o which_o mr._n s._n have_v subjoin_v in_o his_o 78._o page_n thus_o now_o say_v he_o it_o be_v true_a and_o not_o to_o be_v deny_v that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o canutus_n inheritance_n be_v partible_a but_o how_o it_o may_v be_v equal_o like_o our_o gavel-kind_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o express_v nor_o do_v the_o word_n enforce_v it_o it_o be_v order_v there_o indeed_o that_o a_o partition_n of_o the_o estate_n be_v make_v in_o the_o one_o between_z or_o among_o the_o wife_n child_n and_o next_o of_o kin_n by_o the_o lord_n in_o the_o other_o by_o the_o heir_n among_o themselves_o in_o both_o not_o sÆ¿iþe_v emne_a or_o rsiþe_n efen_fw-ge i._n e._n equal_o but_o fsiþe_v rihte_v in_o the_o former_a more_o explicit_o thus_o elcum_fw-la be_fw-mi þaer_fw-mi maeê§e_n etc._n etc._n i._n e._n according_a to_o the_o old_a version_n in_o brampton_n unicuiquesecundum_fw-la modum_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la eum_fw-la pertinet_fw-la here_o be_v now_o no_o equal_a division_n speak_v of_o no_o equal_v the_o young_a with_o the_o elder_a brethren_n or_o the_o like_a but_o the_o estate_n be_v to_o be_v shift_v rÆ¿iþe_o rihte_v i._n e._n according_a to_o right_n just_o or_o if_o you_o will_v after_o the_o old_a version_n of_o the_o latter_a law_n in_o brampton_n be_v the_o same_o verbatim_o with_o that_o in_o mr._n lambard_n elsewhere_o rectè_fw-la every_o one_o to_o have_v his_o due_a haply_o after_o a_o geometrical_a not_o arithmetical_a proportion_n mr._n s._n say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v but_o that_o they_o be_v so_o by_o the_o law_n of_o king_n canutus_n that_o at_o which_o he_o make_v a_o hesitation_n be_v because_o it_o be_v not_o express_v how_o they_o be_v partible_a and_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v only_o like_o the_o kentish-gavel-kind_n for_o which_o i_o can_v imagine_v there_o can_v be_v any_o reason_n produce_v nor_o authority_n find_v why_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v the_o same_o or_o why_o the_o kentish_a gavelkynd_n shall_v not_o be_v like_o that_o in_o other_o country_n but_o he_o gather_v it_o and_o infer_v it_o from_o this_o for_o that_o it_o be_v not_o express_v to_o be_v divide_v by_o even_o or_o
equal_a portion_n but_o according_a to_o right_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v i_o have_v show_v before_o several_a sort_n of_o partible_a tenor_n and_o none_o of_o they_o opposite_a in_o condition_n or_o nature_n but_o that_o they_o may_v all_o come_v under_o the_o genus_fw-la of_o gavelkynd_n and_o all_o those_o partition_n although_o not_o by_o equal_a portion_n yet_o be_v all_o according_a to_o the_o right_n of_o gavelkynd_n which_o i_o think_v be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v they_o appear_v member_n of_o this_o tenure_n but_o let_v we_o examine_v under_o what_o consideration_n the_o saxon_a king_n have_v this_o tenure_n as_o it_o be_v diffusive_a over_o england_n in_o their_o law_n and_o first_o of_o all_o those_o law_n of_o king_n canutus_n wherewith_o mr._n s._n be_v so_o ill_o satisfy_v he_o after_o he_o have_v very_o pious_o take_v care_n for_o what_o concern_v the_o worship_n of_o god_n by_o the_o counsel_n and_o advice_n of_o the_o wiseman_n of_o his_o kingdom_n on_o ðaem_n halgaâ—_n midÆ¿intre_n tid_v on_o Æ¿intanceastre_n in_o the_o holy_a mid-winter-tide_n at_o winchester_n which_o mr._n lambard_n expound_v to_o be_v christmas_n enact_v several_a law_n with_o this_o proaemium_fw-la before_o they_o ðis_n be_v ðonne_fw-fr seo_fw-la Æ¿orldcunde_a gerednes_n ðeic_fw-la Æ¿ille_fw-la mid_a minan_n Æ¿itenan_n raede_fw-la ê§_n man_n heald_n ofer_n eal_n englaland_n that_o be_v this_o be_v then_o the_o worldly_a behest_n that_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o my_o wise_a man_n that_o man_n hold_v over_o all_o england_n by_o which_o we_o may_v perceive_v his_o law_n have_v a_o universal_a extent_n over_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o they_o we_o find_v to_o be_v build_v upon_o the_o basis_n of_o partition_n so_o in_o his_o 68_o law_n which_o be_v thus_o render_v sive_fw-la quis_fw-la incuria_fw-la sive_fw-la morte_fw-la repentina_fw-la fuerit_fw-la intestatò_fw-la mortuus_fw-la dominus_fw-la tamen_fw-la nullam_fw-la rerum_fw-la suarum_fw-la partem_fw-la praeter_fw-la eam_fw-la quae_fw-la jure_fw-la debetur_fw-la hereoti_n nomine_fw-la sibi_fw-la assumito_fw-la verum_fw-la eas_fw-la judicio_fw-la svo_fw-la uxori_fw-la liberis_fw-la &_o cognatione_fw-la proximis_fw-la justè_fw-la pro_fw-la svo_fw-la cuique_fw-la jure_fw-la distribuito_fw-la which_o in_o the_o original_a be_v ac_fw-la beo_fw-la be_v his_o dihte_n seo_fw-la aehte_n gescyft_n sÆ¿iþe_v sihte_v þife_n &_o cildan_n &_o neh_a magon_n aelcum_fw-mi be_v ðaer_fw-mi maeþe_fw-mi de_fw-mi he_o togebyrige_fw-la which_o be_v as_o i_o conceive_v thus_o and_o by_o his_o judgement_n let_v the_o estate_n be_v shift_v or_o rather_o divide_v according_a to_o right_n wife_n and_o child_n and_o next_o of_o kin_n to_o each_o one_o according_a to_o that_o proportion_n that_o belong_v to_o they_o this_o shift_a if_o the_o word_n signify_v so_o or_o division_n must_v be_v according_a to_o right_n where_o by_o the_o way_n note_n that_o the_o saxon_a word_n to_o they_o know_v be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o that_o they_o make_v no_o use_n of_o the_o word_n gavelkynd_n but_o this_o be_v a_o general_a law_n and_o as_o i_o say_v before_o several_a place_n have_v their_o several_a manner_n and_o proportion_n of_o this_o tenure_n of_o partition_n yet_o all_o those_o custom_n be_v to_o be_v part_v and_o descend_v according_a to_o right_n we_o find_v somewhat_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n in_o the_o 70_o law_n of_o king_n canutus_n porrò_fw-la autem_fw-la quam_fw-la maritus_fw-la sine_fw-la light_fw-la &_o controversia_fw-la sedem_fw-la incoluerit_fw-la eam_fw-la conjux_fw-la &_o proles_fw-la sine_fw-la controversia_fw-la possidento_fw-la sin_n quae_fw-la in_o illum_fw-la lie_fw-la fuerit_fw-la illata_fw-la viventem_fw-la eam_fw-la haeredes_fw-la ad_fw-la se_fw-la perinde_v atque_fw-la be_v vivus_fw-la accipiunto_o and_o in_o the_o 75_o law_n it_o be_v provide_v that_o if_o any_o in_o the_o army_n before_o or_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o lord_n dye_v fight_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d let_v his_o heriot_n be_v forgive_v and_o let_v his_o heir_n succeed_v he_o in_o his_o good_n and_o his_o paternal_a land_n and_o let_v it_o be_v shift_v or_o divide_v according_a to_o right_n which_o law_n seem_v to_o be_v word_n for_o word_n find_v among_o the_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n where_o i_o find_v &_o qui_fw-la in_o bello_fw-la ante_fw-la dominum_fw-la suum_fw-la ceciderit_fw-la sit_fw-la hoc_fw-la interra_fw-la sit_fw-la alibi_fw-la sint_fw-la ei_fw-la relevationes_fw-la condonatae_fw-la &_o habeant_fw-la haeredes_fw-la ejus_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la &_o terram_fw-la ejus_fw-la sine_fw-la aliqua_fw-la diminutione_n &_o rectè_fw-la dividant_a inter_fw-la se_fw-la which_o law_n do_v also_o take_v place_n among_o those_o that_o william_n the_o conqueror_n confirm_v as_o in_o the_o 36_o la_o that_o pass_v under_o his_o name_n si_fw-mi quis_fw-la intestatus_fw-la obierit_fw-la liberi_fw-la ejus_fw-la haereditatem_fw-la aequaliter_fw-la dividant_a now_o the_o collection_n from_o hence_o lie_v natural_o thus_o that_o that_o law_n which_o general_o reach_v to_o the_o behoof_n of_o his_o child_n or_o the_o descendant_n of_o such_o as_o dye_v intestate_a be_v the_o most_o genuine_a law_n for_o this_o law_n provide_v that_o upon_o some_o emergent_a accident_n as_o die_v intestate_a or_o in_o battle_n or_o some_o such_o sudden_a chance_n that_o these_o notwithstanding_o the_o land_n shall_v run_v in_o its_o proper_a channel_n of_o partition_n so_o that_o these_o occasion_n shall_v not_o attain_v the_o power_n of_o alter_v the_o course_n thereof_o which_o not_o meet_v with_o such_o a_o obstruction_n will_v have_v without_o any_o scruple_n have_v its_o natural_a course_n of_o partition_n the_o like_a be_v not_o only_o in_o the_o knight-service-land_n speak_v of_o to_o be_v in_o king_n alfred_n time_n but_o also_o in_o all_o their_o bocland_n and_o other_o land_n that_o have_v the_o force_n put_v upon_o they_o by_o testament_n or_o deed_n this_o partition_n come_v yet_o a_o little_a near_o to_o we_o for_o in_o the_o 70_o law_n of_o hen._n 1._o upon_o the_o account_n of_o partition_n or_o divide_v provision_n be_v make_v that_o si_fw-mi mulier_fw-la absque_fw-la liberis_fw-la moriatur_fw-la parent_n ejus_fw-la cum_fw-la marito_fw-la svo_fw-la partem_fw-la svam_fw-la dividant_a by_o which_o i_o understand_v a_o division_n of_o part_n upon_o a_o part_n before_o receive_v and_o he_o that_o write_v the_o glossary_a to_o the_o saxon_a law_n upon_o the_o word_n terra_fw-la ex_fw-la scripto_fw-la say_v haereditatem_fw-la vero_fw-la temporibus_fw-la illis_fw-la non_fw-la quemadmodum_fw-la apud_fw-la nos_fw-la solus_fw-la aetate_fw-la maximus_fw-la adibat_fw-la verum_fw-la ad_fw-la filios_fw-la omnes_fw-la aequaliter_fw-la fundus_fw-la lege_fw-la veniebat_fw-la quod_fw-la illi_fw-la viz._n saxones_n land_n fcyftan_n dixerunt_fw-la &_o cantii_n hac_fw-la nostra_fw-la memoria_fw-la eodem_fw-la vocabulo_fw-la to_o shift_n land_n id_fw-la est_fw-la herciscere_fw-la &_o fundum_fw-la partiri_fw-la appellant_n by_o which_o it_o seem_v the_o proper_a kentish_a word_n be_v shifting-land_n as_o by_o this_o glossators_n judgement_n who_o i_o understand_v be_v a_o kentishman_n which_o if_o so_o let_v they_o be_v content_a with_o their_o saxon_a land-shifting_a and_o let_v we_o alone_o with_o our_o gavel_n unless_o they_o will_v be_v please_v to_o own_o their_o true_a briton_n true_a the_o briton_n patron_n the_o law_n i_o confess_v that_o i_o have_v late_o cite_v do_v rather_o glance_v upon_o the_o custom_n of_o partition_n because_o it_o be_v suppose_v and_o take_v for_o grant_v that_o that_o custom_n be_v so_o paramount_n that_o there_o be_v little_a need_n of_o express_v thereof_o which_o lie_v so_o couch_v there_o as_o it_o do_v among_o the_o welsh_a law_n and_o be_v like_o our_o common_a law_n know_v to_o all_o yet_o not_o express_v general_o receive_v yet_o not_o write_v in_o the_o 78_o page_n of_o mr._n s._n we_o be_v still_o upon_o the_o tenure_n in_o question_n be_v cite_v davies_n his_o report_n of_o the_o irish_a custom_n de_fw-fr gavel-kind_n which_o book_n i_o have_v see_v and_o to_o it_o i_o say_v if_o the_o irish_a know_v the_o word_n by_o which_o davies_n denominate_v the_o custom_n among_o they_o it_o further_o confirm_v i_o in_o my_o opinion_n of_o the_o british_a etymology_n thereof_o ignoratur_fw-la thereof_o seld._n mare_n claus_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 1._o scotland_n and_o ireland_n be_v ancient_o repute_v britain_n hiberma_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d dicta_fw-la est_fw-la ptolomaeo_n mahumedes_n acharranides_n arab_n mathematicus_fw-la egregius_fw-la qui_fw-la ante_fw-la annos_fw-la 900._o floruit_fw-la terrae_fw-la latitudinem_fw-la inquit_fw-la observantes_fw-la à _fw-la loco_fw-la lineae_fw-la aequalitatis_fw-la aequinoctialis_fw-la versus_fw-la septentrionalem_fw-la partem_fw-la insula_fw-la tile_n quae_fw-la est_fw-la in_o britannia_fw-la ubi_fw-la est_fw-la majoris_fw-la diei_fw-la longitudo_fw-la 20._o herarum_fw-la eam_fw-la determinari_fw-la deprehenderunt_fw-la eriam_fw-la &_o alii_fw-la thulen_n pro_fw-la ipsa_fw-la britannia_fw-la usurpacunt_fw-la seu_fw-la anglia_fw-it &_o albategnius_n de_fw-fr oceano_fw-la quà _fw-la ab_fw-la hispanis_n respicitur_fw-la verba_fw-la faciens_fw-la in_o co_fw-la inquit_fw-la à _fw-la septentrionali_fw-la parte_fw-la sunt_fw-la
be_v have_v to_o the_o condition_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o land_n in_o say_v 374._o say_v pag._n 374._o sicut_fw-la de_fw-fr gavelkynd_n vel_fw-la alibi_fw-la ubi_fw-la terra_fw-la partibilis_fw-la est_fw-la ratione_fw-la terrae_fw-la then_o will_v i_o be_v inform_v what_o they_o mean_v by_o this_o ratione_fw-la terrae_fw-la for_o if_o the_o ratio_fw-la rei_fw-la signify_v the_o tenure_n than_o the_o ratio_fw-la terrae_fw-la shall_v have_v relation_n to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n for_o sure_a it_o can_v have_v relation_n to_o the_o distance_n or_o difference_n by_o the_o celestial_a degree_n i_o can_v i_o confess_v apprehend_v the_o nicety_n of_o the_o distinction_n and_o therefore_o pass_v to_o that_o which_o mr._n 44._o mr._n pag._n 44._o s._n say_v that_o that_o property_n alone_o of_o the_o land_n be_v gavelkynd_n or_o so_o call_v do_v not_o suffice_v to_o render_v it_o partible_n if_o the_o question_n be_v so_o far_o obtain_v and_o grant_v that_o gavel-kind_n signify_v natura_fw-la redditus_fw-la and_o that_o that_o be_v the_o genuine_a etymology_n thereof_o then_o must_v it_o be_v true_a and_o concede_v but_o on_o the_o contrary_a i_o know_v much_o gavelkynd_n land_n that_o be_v not_o subject_v to_o rent_n how_o will_v it_o then_o answer_v the_o tenor_n derivation_n and_o signification_n whereas_o in_o this_o exposition_n of_o the_o â—erm_n that_o i_o have_v give_v viz._n tenura_n progenici_fw-la aut_fw-la familias_fw-la division_n significant_o reside_v in_o its_o name_n and_o nature_n i_o be_o sure_a the_o inference_n be_v so_o strong_a that_o where_o there_o be_v gavelkynd_n there_o be_v partition_n and_o it_o may_v as_o proper_o be_v say_v that_o the_o tenure_n of_o burgh-english_a by_o the_o intrinsical_a value_v of_o its_o name_n do_v not_o import_n the_o young_a son_n shall_v inherit_v the_o land_n as_o that_o gavelkind_a do_v not_o infer_v a_o regular_a participation_n upon_o partition_n by_o the_o parcener_n which_o to_o strengthen_v it_o the_o more_o be_v now_o become_v a_o ancient_a custom_n and_o this_o sir_n 165._o sir_n lib._n 2._o sect._n 165._o edward_n coke_n say_v be_v one_o of_o the_o main_a triangle_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n these_o law_n be_v divide_v into_o common-law_n statute-law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o last_o of_o which_o he_o add_v out_o of_o bracton_n that_o consuetudo_fw-la quandoque_fw-la pro_fw-la lege_fw-la servatur_fw-la in_fw-la partibus_fw-la ubi_fw-la fuerit_fw-la more_fw-it utentium_fw-la approbata_fw-la &_o vicem_fw-la leg_n be_v obtinet_fw-la long_o ae_z vi_fw-la enim_fw-la tempor_fw-la be_v usus_fw-la &_o consuetudinis_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la vilis_fw-la autoritas_fw-la long_fw-mi possessio_fw-la sicut_fw-la ejus_fw-la parit_fw-la jus_o possidendi_fw-la &_o tollit_fw-la actionem_fw-la vero_fw-la domino_fw-la so_o that_o its_o continuance_n for_o so_o long_a a_o time_n to_o be_v a_o custom_n give_v it_o a_o privilege_n without_o any_o impropriety_n of_o speech_n to_o be_v call_v a_o law_n notwithstanding_o the_o several_a usage_n in_o this_o tenure_n and_o although_o mr._n s._n seem_v startle_v at_o what_o be_v before_o cite_v out_o of_o bracton_n sicut_fw-la de_fw-fr gavelkynd_n well_fw-mi alibi_n ubi_fw-la terra_fw-la est_fw-la partibilis_fw-la etc._n etc._n there_o be_v no_o reason_n that_o this_o alibi_n shall_v so_o offend_v he_o as_o to_o call_v it_o a_o improper_a expression_n for_o i_o believe_v there_o be_v scarce_o a_o county_n in_o england_n but_o have_v this_o tenure_n more_o or_o less_o beside_o what_o place_n i_o have_v already_o cite_v in_o this_o discourse_n i_o know_v there_o be_v much_o in_o shropshire_n yet_o take_v one_o more_o upon_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o county_n of_o norfolk_n which_o be_v thus_o record_v in_o the_o chamberlain_n office_n of_o the_o exchequer_n placita_fw-la coram_fw-la rege_fw-la anno_fw-la 20._o edw._n 3._o term._n hillar_n norfol._n 97._o asss._n in_o qua_fw-la johs_n buxkyn_n chr_n profert_fw-la scriptum_fw-la relaxationis_fw-la johis_fw-la de_fw-la pickering_n &_o willielmi_n fratris_fw-la ejus_fw-la gallicè_fw-la factum_fw-la de_fw-la medietat_fw-la vi_fw-la mess_n etc._n etc._n &_o iiii_o tercellorum_fw-la in_o clipesby_n billokby_n etc._n etc._n in_o hoc_fw-la placito_fw-la patet_fw-la quod_fw-la tenementa_fw-la quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la de_fw-la feodo_fw-la de_fw-fr pickering_n sunt_fw-la partibilia_fw-la inter_fw-la masculos_fw-la so_o that_o turn_n into_o what_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n you_o please_v i_o believe_v you_o will_v find_v gavel-kind_n but_o mr._n s._n proceed_v by_o way_n of_o wonder_n say_v we_o be_v tell_v that_o this_o custom_n of_o gavelkynd_n partition_n take_v place_n have_v do_v at_o least_o in_o other_o county_n and_o sir_n edward_n coke_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n have_v lapse_v into_o the_o like_a misapprehension_n for_o upon_o these_o word_n of_o littleton_n en_fw-fr le_fw-fr county_n de_fw-fr kent_n he_o make_v this_o note_n for_o that_o say_v he_o in_o no_o county_n of_o england_n land_n at_o this_o day_n be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o gavel-kind_n of_o common_a right_n save_v in_o kent_n only_o but_o yet_o he_o present_o add_v in_o divers_a part_n of_o england_n within_z divers_z manor_n and_o signory_n the_o like_a custom_n be_v in_o force_n for_o my_o part_n i_o must_v acknowledge_v i_o be_o to_o seek_v as_o to_o the_o neatness_n of_o the_o distinction_n first_o saying_n that_o no_o county_n of_o england_n have_v land_n it_o be_v not_o say_v all_o the_o land_n of_o the_o county_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o gavel-kind_n of_o common_a right_n and_o yet_o that_o in_o divers_a part_n of_o england_n within_z divers_z manor_n and_o signory_n the_o like_a custom_n be_v in_o force_n if_o the_o salvo_n lie_v in_o this_o word_n viz._n of_o common_a right_n i_o will_v willing_o be_v satisfy_v whether_o land_n in_o gavel-kind_n do_v not_o pass_v both_o according_a to_o common_a right_n as_o well_o as_o common_a law_n certain_a it_o be_v that_o the_o common_a law_n of_o that_o county_n hundred_o or_o seignory_n where_o gavelkynd_n be_v in_o force_n make_v the_o child_n participant_n of_o that_o land_n by_o common_a right_n and_o it_o be_v the_o common_a law_n by_o which_o that_o common_a right_n be_v or_o can_v be_v claim_v in_o page_n 53._o and_o 54._o mr._n s._n speak_v of_o what_o littleton_n instance_v in_o north-wales_n that_o this_o custom_n of_o gavel-kind_n partition_n take_v place_n beside_o kent_n he_o introduce_v it_o from_o that_o authority_n not_o as_o his_o faith_n and_o belief_n but_o with_o a_o we_o be_v tell_v but_o let_v not_o the_o scruple_n be_v so_o great_a when_o i_o declare_v what_o before_o i_o have_v show_v that_o it_o be_v in_o south-wales_n as_o well_o as_o north-wales_n and_o in_o other_o place_n as_o well_o as_o there_o but_o then_o he_o proceed_v to_o question_v thus_o what_o custom_n i_o pray_v if_o you_o inquire_v of_o littleton_n he_o will_v tell_v you_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o gavelkind_a partition_n or_o inquire_v of_o the_o customer_n you_o will_v find_v they_o no_o stranger_n to_o the_o denomination_n of_o gavel_n and_o the_o word_n in_o use_n among_o they_o even_o to_o express_v the_o tenure_n littleton_n word_n be_v these_o auxy_n tiel_n custom_n est_fw-fr en_fw-fr autres_fw-fr lieux_fw-fr dengleterr_v &_o auxy_n tiel_n custom_n est_fw-fr en_fw-fr north-gale_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v also_o such_o custom_n he_o write_v of_o parcener_n by_o custom_n which_o be_v gavel-kind_n there_o be_v in_o other_o place_n of_o england_n and_o also_o such_o custom_n be_v in_o north-wales_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o like_a custom_n as_o our_o author_n mention_n to_o be_v in_o north-wales_n he_o say_v be_v also_o in_o ireland_n for_o there_o he_o add_v the_o land_n also_o which_o be_v one_o mark_v of_o the_o ancient_a briton_n mark_v this_o be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o gavel-kind_n for_o that_o by_o their_o brehon-law_n the_o bastard_n inherit_v with_o their_o legitimate_a son_n but_o as_o to_o the_o bastard_n that_o custom_n be_v abolish_v agree_v with_o littleton_n in_o this_o point_n see_v a_o old_a statute_n aliter_fw-la usitatum_fw-la est_fw-la in_o wallia_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it quo_fw-la ad_fw-la successionem_fw-la haereditatis_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la haereditas_fw-la partibilis_fw-la est_fw-la inter_fw-la haeredes_fw-la maseulos_fw-la à _fw-la tempore_fw-la cujus_fw-la non_fw-la extitit_fw-la memoria_fw-la partibilis_fw-la extitit_fw-la dominus_fw-la rex_fw-la non_fw-la vult_fw-la quod_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la illa_fw-la abrogetur_fw-la sed_fw-la quod_fw-la haereditates_fw-la remaneant_fw-la partibiles_fw-la inter_fw-la consimiles_fw-la haeredes_fw-la sicut_fw-la fieri_fw-la consuevit_fw-la &_o fiat_fw-la partitio_fw-la illius_fw-la sicut_fw-la fieri_fw-la consuevit_fw-la to_o that_o which_o sir_n edward_n coke_n wonder_v at_o which_o be_v the_o participation_n of_o bastard_n by_o the_o brehon-law_n in_o the_o land_n that_o be_v partible_a i_o have_v already_o show_v it_o be_v a_o law_n or_o a_o custom_n among_o the_o britain_n but_o sir_n edward_n conclude_v that_o gavelkynd_n custom_n in_o ireland_n be_v
board_n or_o table_n and_o cotarii_fw-la be_v cottager_n such_o as_o dwell_v in_o a_o cottage_n 1._o cottage_n anno_fw-la 4._o ed._n 1._o stat._n 1._o that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o house_n without_o land_n belong_v to_o it_o and_o come_v from_o the_o saxon_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v the_o same_o with_o tugurium_fw-la and_o tectum_fw-la in_o latin_a a_o â—egendo_fw-la so_o as_o this_o be_v in_o signification_n a_o cover_n or_o shelter_n because_o those_o small_a habitation_n be_v only_o make_v to_o cover_v they_o from_o the_o sun_n and_o weather_n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a of_o that_o great_a mistake_n the_o whole_a current_n of_o writer_n have_v run_v into_o those_o who_o work_n have_v be_v publish_v within_o these_o last_o 300_o year_n where_o they_o general_o endeavour_v to_o load_v all_o the_o indignity_n of_o tenor_n of_o servility_n and_o vassalage_n upon_o this_o norman_a change_n i_o deny_v not_o but_o that_o some_o be_v at_o that_o time_n introduce_v especial_o many_o jocular_a tenor_n which_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o private_a contract_n betwixt_o the_o lord_n and_o his_o tenant_n and_o not_o of_o any_o general_a concernment_n but_o hence_o i_o can_v yield_v to_o conclude_v that_o all_o tenor_n of_o servility_n be_v of_o their_o introduction_n mr._n s._n continue_v in_o his_o opinion_n in_o the_o 104_o page_n where_o he_o write_v that_o fee-simple_n fee-tayl_n fee-farm_n grand_a &_o petit_fw-fr serjeanty_n escuage_z burgage_n villeinage_n etc._n etc._n be_v all_o of_o the_o norman_a plantation_n and_o we_o by_o they_o say_v he_o at_o least_o since_o their_o conquest_n of_o we_o bring_v acquaint_v with_o they_o etc._n etc._n perhaps_o those_o compound_n may_v be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o consultation_n of_o some_o of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o norman_a race_n but_o for_o the_o word_n fee_n minshew_n discourse_v very_o well_o upon_o it_o for_o say_v he_o our_o ancient_a lawyer_n either_o not_o observe_v from_o whence_o the_o word_n grow_v or_o at_o least_o not_o sufficient_o express_v their_o knowledge_n what_o it_o signify_v among_o they_o from_o who_o they_o take_v it_o feudum_fw-la whence_o the_o word_n fief_n or_o fee_n come_v signify_v in_o the_o german_a language_n 107._o language_n in_o like_a manner_n do_v mr._n s._n labour_n to_o deduce_v it_o from_o a_o saxon_a original_a p._n 107._o beneficium_fw-la cujus_fw-la nomine_fw-la opera_fw-la quaedam_fw-la gratiae_fw-la testificandae_fw-la causa_fw-la debentur_fw-la and_o our_o of_o hotoman_n say_v that_o by_o this_o name_n go_v all_o land_n and_o tenement_n that_o be_v hold_v by_o any_o acknowledgement_n of_o any_o superiority_n to_o any_o high_a lord_n so_o be_v all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n except_o the_o crown_n land_n hold_v that_o be_v of_o feudum_n or_o fee_n for_o he_o that_o can_v say_v most_o for_o his_o estute_n say_v but_o this_o seisitus_fw-la inde_fw-la in_o dominico_n meo_fw-la ut_fw-la de_fw-la seudo_fw-la which_o be_v i_o be_o seize_v of_o this_o or_o that_o land_n or_o tenement_n in_o my_o demain_fw-fr as_o of_o fee_n which_o be_v no_o more_o than_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v it_o be_v my_o demain_fw-fr or_o proper_a land_n after_o a_o sort_n because_o it_o be_v to_o i_o and_o my_o heir_n for_o ever_o yet_o not_o simple_o i_o because_o i_o hold_v it_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o benefit_n from_o another_o and_o fee-tayl_n as_o distinguish_v be_v not_o a_o introduction_n of_o the_o norman_n for_o that_o minshew_n observe_v it_o to_o have_v its_o original_a from_o the_o statute_n of_o westm._n 2._o c._n 1._o which_o be_v make_v anno_fw-la 13._o edw._n 1._o the_o word_n feud_n be_v use_v familiar_o to_o this_o day_n in_o the_o high_a and_o low_a germanye_n for_o what_o concerus_a grand_a &_o petit_fw-fr serjeanty_n i_o believe_v the_o word_n to_o be_v french_a and_o so_o introduce_v by_o the_o norman_n to_o express_v those_o service_n that_o be_v due_a to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n before_o the_o conquest_n such_o service_n be_v reserve_v by_o the_o saxon_a king_n the_o service_n of_o escuage_z be_v before_o the_o norman_a conquest_n though_o not_o know_v by_o that_o name_n the_o like_a be_v of_o burgage_n which_o be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o yearly_a rent_n whereby_o man_n of_o city_n and_o burrows_n hold_v their_o land_n or_o tenement_n of_o the_o king_n or_o any_o other_o lord_n which_o be_v in_o use_n before_o the_o conquest_n concern_v villeinage_n mr._n s._n do_v cite_v out_o of_o mr._n lambards_n perambulation_n of_o kent_n in_o mepham_n under_o the_o term_n of_o agenes-land_n this_o as_o a_o very_a ancient_a passage_n which_o have_v be_v enough_o to_o have_v convince_v i_o that_o there_o have_v be_v villain_n before_o the_o norman_a conquest_n and_o it_o be_v this_o et_fw-la si_fw-la villanus_fw-la ita_fw-la crevisset_fw-la sva_fw-la probitate_fw-la quod_fw-la pleniter_fw-la haberet_fw-la quinque_fw-la hidas_fw-la de_fw-la svo_fw-la proprio_fw-la alledio_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o in_o his_o 114._o page_n cit_v a_o old_a version_n of_o the_o 19_o and_o 21._o of_o king_n ina_n law_n of_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v make_v thereby_o to_o signify_v villanus_fw-la or_o colonus_n and_o it_o be_v convict_v by_o domesdey_n book_n survey_v in_o sudsexe_n thus_o radulfus_n tenet_fw-la de_fw-fr willielmo_n viz._n de_fw-mi warene_n bristelmestune_n brictric_n tenuit_fw-la de_fw-la dono_fw-la godwini_fw-la comitis_fw-la t._n r._n e._n &_o modo_fw-la se_fw-la defendit_fw-la pro_fw-la v._n hide_v &_o dim_a tran_n est_fw-la iii_o car_n in_o dnino_fw-la est_fw-la dimid_n car_fw-fr &_o xviii_o villain_n &_o ix_o bordarii_fw-la cum_fw-la iii_o car_n &_o uno_fw-la servo_fw-la de_fw-fr gablo_fw-mi iv_o milia_fw-la alletium_fw-la in_o eadem_fw-la villa_n tenet_fw-la widardus_fw-la de_fw-fr willo_n vi_o hide_v &_o unam_fw-la vs._n &_o proâ—tanto_fw-la se_fw-la defendit_fw-la tres_n aloarn_v tenuerunt_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la edwardo_n &_o potuerunt_fw-la ire_n quolibet_fw-la unus_n ex_fw-la eye_n habuit_fw-la aulam_fw-la &_o villani_n tenuerunt_fw-la part_n aliorum_fw-la duorum_fw-la here_o be_v a_o express_a of_o a_o servus_n and_o also_o of_o the_o villani_n who_o hold_v this_o land_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n beside_o this_o i_o can_v allege_v many_o more_o but_o sir_n edward_n coke_n upon_o littleton_n say_v that_o villani_n in_o domesday_n be_v not_o there_o take_v for_o bondman_n but_o have_v their_o name_n de_fw-fr villis_fw-la because_o they_o have_v ferm_n and_o there_o do_v work_n of_o husbandry_n for_o the_o lord_n and_o they_o be_v ever_o before_o name_v bordarii_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o mr._n s._n in_o what_o i_o cite_v before_o of_o he_o concern_v bordmanni_n which_o i_o believe_v be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n with_o bordarii_n and_o such_o as_o be_v bondman_n be_v call_v servi_n thus_o sir_n edward_n coke_n but_o i_o believe_v the_o norman_n find_v these_o villain_n here_o even_o by_o their_o name_n by_o which_o i_o believe_v they_o be_v of_o a_o very_a ancient_a stand_n for_o that_o i_o find_v they_o know_v by_o the_o britain_n by_o that_o title_n as_o they_o be_v often_o mention_v in_o the_o law_n of_o howel-dha_a in_o a_o law_n which_o before_o in_o this_o 〈◊〉_d i_o mention_v be_v notice_n take_v of_o a_o king_n villain_n and_o of_o a_o nobleman_n villain_n and_o then_o another_o that_o give_v a_o right_a to_o the_o foster-children_n of_o divide_v land_n with_o the_o child_n of_o the_o villain_n but_o a_o little_a more_o plain_o to_o bring_v the_o proof_n in_o those_o law_n it_o be_v demonstrate_v how_o that_o tres_fw-la homines_fw-la promoveri_fw-la possunt_fw-la uâ—a_fw-la die_v that_o be_v to_o say_v as_o i_o guess_v it_o they_o be_v make_v gentleman_n in_o one_o day_n here_o you_o must_v take_v the_o latin_a as_o i_o find_v it_o captivus_fw-la si_fw-la movetus_fw-la in_o swyd_n de_fw-fr xxiv_o officialibus_fw-la swyd_n be_v dignitas_fw-la dignity_n so_o that_o the_o sense_n of_o it_o be_v this_o if_o the_o prince_n bestow_v upon_o a_o caprive_n the_o dignity_n of_o be_v one_o of_o the_o twenty_o four_o chief_a officer_n of_o his_o court_n it_o be_v a_o advancement_n peculiar_a or_o he_o become_v by_o it_o a_o gentleman_n secundus_fw-la filius_fw-la villani_fw-la si_fw-la sit_fw-la clericus_fw-la our_o common_a law_n do_v differ_v from_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o say_v partus_fw-la sequitur_fw-la ventrem_fw-la where_o as_o the_o common_a law_n have_v it_o partus_fw-la sequitur_fw-la patrem_fw-la but_o here_o provision_n be_v make_v that_o the_o son_n of_o a_o villain_n be_v a_o clergy_n man_n shall_v become_v a_o gentleman_n which_o be_v somewhat_o explain_v by_o the_o next_o tertius_fw-la homo_fw-la ex_fw-la captiva_fw-la villa_n si_fw-fr villa_n habeat_fw-la à _fw-la domino_fw-la patrie_fw-fr licentiam_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la aedificare_fw-la &_o in_o cimiterio_fw-la ejus_fw-la corpora_fw-la sepeliri_fw-la tunc_fw-la villa_n siâ—_n &_o omnes_fw-la homines_fw-la de_fw-la ea_fw-la postea_fw-la sunt_fw-la liberi_fw-la that_o
and_o thule_n call_v britain_n fol._n 145_o italian_a partition_n fol._n 12_o 13_o jurye_n fol._n 61_o 62_o 63_o jurye_n among_o the_o welsh_a fol._n 64_o jus_fw-la angliae_fw-la both_o in_o socage_n and_o knights-fee_n fol._n 139_o k._n kentish-british_a law_n not_o alter_v by_o hengist_n fol._n 46_o kent_n invest_v in_o hengist_n examine_v fol._n 37_o kent_n change_v her_o gavelkind_n fol._n 81_o kenneth_n king_n of_o scot_n expel_v the_o pict_n fol._n 163_o kent_n have_v four_o king_n at_o one_o time_n fol._n 45_o kingsland_n fol._n 44_o king_n ethelmund_n ibid._n king_n pibanus_n of_o ergin_n fol._n 44._o 91_o king_n gorvodius_n milfrith_n etc._n etc._n fol._n 45_o kings-bench_n fol._n 69_o kindred_n what_o it_o be_v fol._n 130_o 131_o knave_n whence_o and_o what_o fol._n 176_o gods-cnave_a ibid._n knight-service_n in_o wales_n fol._n 103._o 107_o knights-fee_n descend_v to_o the_o elder_a fol._n 138_o kind_a fol._n 27._o 130_o 131._o 133_o l._n landscheutan_a german_a tenure_n fol._n 135_o 136_o 137._o land-shifting_a landskistan_n fol._n 136_o the_o saxon_a denomination_n of_o partition_n fol._n 143_o the_o proper_a kentish_a appellation_n fol._n 144_o 145_o land_n ancient_o not_o valuable_a fol._n 6._o 28_o language_n of_o scotland_n fol._n 76_o saxon_n english_a and_z french_z fol._n 75_o 76_o english_a not_o change_v by_o the_o norman_a conquest_n fol._n 75_o welsh_n the_o remain_v of_o the_o gallic_a and_o british_a fol._n 17_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n confirm_v by_o the_o norman_n fol._n 58_o 59_o lawes-common_a not_o write_v fol._n 69_o lawcase_n ibid._n law_n of_o england_n overthrow_v norman_n intruder_n fol._n 65_o learning_n of_o the_o druid_n fol._n 17_o legales_fw-la homines_fw-la or_o yeoman_n mark_fw-mi fol._n 63_o lieutenant_n of_o the_o saxon_a shore_n in_o britain_n fol._n 39_o lempster_n from_o a_o church_n of_o nun_n fol._n 44_o lewes_n in_o sussex_n fol._n 71_o lesley_n bishop_n of_o ross_n in_o scotland_n a_o historian_n fol._n 163_o lewis_n island_n in_o scotland_n hold_v gavelkind_a fol._n 160_o liberty_n of_o englishman_n fol._n 81_o liberi_fw-la sokemanni_n what_o fol._n 148_o llâ—â—_n what_o fol._n 90_o llanfrawtwt_v a_o college_n ancient_o found_v fol._n 90_o llangattock_n gafael_n meâ—bon_n ibid._n litthfield_n chronicle_n fol._n 58_o loager_n loegria_n fol._n 86_o lonaâ—â—_n fol._n 87_o london_n a_o memorial_n of_o troy_n fol._n 83_o london_n its_o law_n very_o ancient_a fol._n 55_o lower_v germany_n use_v partition_n fol._n 11_o m._n mail_v fol._n 120._o 133_o manor_n or_o circuit_n in_o wales_n ancient_o fol._n 96_o marquess_n lord_n marcher_n fol._n 42_o mayor_n whence_o derive_v fol._n 49_o menavians_n understand_v welsh_a and_o irish_a fol._n 146_o merewoldus_n a_o king_n fol._n 43_o merimnus_n a_o king_n fol._n 44_o mercelin_n a_o king_n ibid._n merchenlaege_n what_o fol._n 54_o 57_o mate-gavel_a fol._n 118_o mickel-gemote_a fol._n 65_o military_a fee_n fol._n 149_o morgan_n fol._n 132_o 133_o monmouthshire_n conquer_a fol._n 93_o mortimer_n radulf_n fol._n 78_o mulct_n different_a in_o rate_n in_o england_n fol._n 59_o mulmuâ—us_n dunwallo_n british_a legisâ—tor_n fol._n 154_o his_o law_n translate_v into_o saxon_a fol._n 54._o 154_o n._n neife_n what_o ancient_o fol._n 169_o norman_n of_o their_o conquest_n fol._n 56_o 57_o of_o their_o alteration_n ibid._n they_o alter_v not_o the_o english_a law_n fol._n 57_o of_o their_o law_n in_o normandy_n or_o neustria_n ibid._n employ_v in_o england_n before_o william_n the_o first_o fol._n 78_o their_o enter_a into_o wales_n fol._n 93_o their_o original_a from_o norway_n fol._n 58_o o._n oath_n of_o allegiance_n fol._n 55._o 61_o oat_n or_o oale-gavel_a fol._n 113_o doin_n what_o fol._n 174_o ollavintone_n in_o berkshire_n fol._n 73_o offa_n ditch_n a_o limit_n fol._n 43_o opinion_n receive_v hardly_o remove_v fol._n 1_o ostorius_n publius_n fol._n 34_o p._n paganus_fw-la pagan_a what_o fol._n 168._o 175_o 176_o palatinate_n cheshire_n and_o glamorganshire_n fol._n 94_o pandeborn_n in_o berkshire_n fol._n 68_o parliament_n fol._n 65_o parcener_n per_fw-la le_fw-fr custom_n fol._n 147_o 148_o partition_n use_v in_o first_o plantation_n fol._n 6_o use_v by_o the_o israelite_n fol._n 8_o antiquity_n of_o it_o by_o sacred_a and_o profane_a authority_n fol._n 9_o 10_o make_a use_n of_o by_o brute_n to_o his_o son_n fol._n 15_o 16_o the_o custom_n of_o wales_n fol._n 28._o 103._o 156_o among_o male_n and_o female_n fol._n 100_o 101_o use_v by_o the_o saxon_n fol._n 141_o 142_o 143_o use_v by_o the_o english_a norman_n fol._n 144_o not_o in_o the_o term_n gavelkind_n fol._n 147_o 148_o whether_o ratione_fw-la rei_fw-la aut_fw-la ratione_fw-la terrae_fw-la fol._n 149_o continue_v in_o wales_n by_o statute_n fol._n 153_o the_o manner_n of_o it_o among_o the_o welsh_a fol._n 156_o pencennedl_n or_o chief_n among_o the_o britain_n fol._n 23._o 97._o 132_o jew_n fol._n 23_o scot_n fol._n 24_o irish_a fol._n 97_o pelagian_a heresy_n set_v against_o fol._n 90_o penda_fw-la pibanus_n king_n of_o urchenfield_n fol._n 44._o 91_o piben_fw-ge wat_fw-mi fol._n 174_o pict_n they_o injure_v and_o repulse_v the_o britain_n fol._n 36_o the_o pict_n wall_n ibid._n planter_n at_o first_o the_o condition_n of_o they_o fol._n 5_o placita_fw-la what_o and_o plead_n ancient_o fol._n 68_o 69_o plead_n in_o french_a fol._n 69_o pluntune_v fol._n 116_o powisland_n divide_v subdivide_v and_o parcele_v fol._n 25_o 26_o polydore_v virgil_n examine_v fol._n 83_o privilege_n of_o urchenfield_n fol._n 108._o 156_o primogeniture_n prefer_v fol._n 82._o 138_o price_n sir_n john_n his_o defence_n hist_o brit._n fol._n 84_o pride-gavel_a what_o fol._n 112_o 113_o primogeniture_n in_o scotland_n wâ—y_n fol._n 166_o r._n read-gavel_a fol._n 119_o reguli_fw-la or_o petty_a king_n fol._n 15_o 45_o regulus_n and_o rex_fw-la fol._n 42_o referree_n of_o howel-dha_a what_o they_o do_v fol._n 155_o relief_n fol._n 108_o rent_n reserve_v fol._n 7_o rent_n how_o to_o be_v understand_v fol._n 115_o 116_o rent_n several_a sort_n fol._n 117_o rend_v land_n what_o ancient_o call_v fol._n 119_o rhandir_n what_o fol._n 96_o rodeley_n in_o gloucestershire_n fol._n 112_o roderic_n the_o great_a fol._n 24_o rogerus_fw-la deus_fw-la salvet_fw-la dominas_fw-la fol._n 177_o rochborn_n in_o hampshire_n fol._n 66_o roturier_n of_o france_n fol._n 11_o 95_o rowena_n hengist_n daughter_n fol._n 39_o 41_o roman_a empire_n part_v fol._n 87_o 88_o roman_n alter_v not_o the_o british_a law_n or_o custom_n fol._n 29_o greedy_a of_o conquest_n fol._n 30_o their_o proceed_n in_o the_o conquest_n of_o judaea_n fol._n 30_o of_o greece_n ibid._n of_o britain_n fol._n 30_o 31_o they_o use_v word_n of_o the_o british_a language_n fol._n 31_o set_v up_o a_o false_a will_n for_o the_o emperor_n fol._n 32_o the_o effect_n of_o it_o fol._n 32_o 33_o they_o desert_n britain_n fol._n 35_o s._n saisson_n and_o saisnaeg_n how_o to_o be_v understand_v fol._n 86_o saxon_n they_o co-inhabit_a with_o the_o britain_n fol._n 37_o they_o defend_v the_o pict_n wall_n fol._n 38_o whether_o they_o extirpate_v the_o britain_n or_o no_v ibid._n they_o break_v their_o article_n with_o the_o britain_n fol._n 38_o their_o piracy_n fol._n 41_o they_o fail_v in_o their_o trust_n fol._n 42_o they_o expel_v not_o the_o britain_n fol._n 47_o they_o borrow_v many_o british_a word_n fol._n 48_o 49_o they_o use_v british_a law_n and_o custom_n fol._n 49_o they_o intermix_v their_o saxon_n with_o british_a fol._n 50_o their_o law_n provide_v for_o the_o british_a inhabitant_n fol._n 50_o 51_o 52_o they_o use_v partition_n of_o land_n fol._n 141_o their_o nobility_n who_o and_o what_o fol._n 70_o concern_v their_o character_n fol._n 76_o they_o write_v latin_a ancient_o in_o roman_a letter_n fol._n 76_o they_o change_v their_o form_n of_o fight_a fol._n 77_o sand-gavel_a what_o fol._n 113_o seal_v and_o sign_v of_o charter_n fol._n 72_o 73_o serjeanty_n grand_a and_o petit_n fol._n 171_o servi_n what_o ancient_o fol._n 169._o 172_o servitude_n not_o in_o england_n fol._n 81_o scotish_n language_n fol._n 76_o scot_n and_o lot_n what_o fol._n 78_o scotland_n fol._n 87_o scotish-socage-land_n fol._n 159_o 160_o scotish_n with_o their_o language_n have_v the_o saxon_a custom_n fol._n 161_o scotish_n tongue_n before_o william_n the_o conqueror_n ibid._n scot_n receive_v the_o english_a temp_n willielmi_n primi_fw-la fol._n 162_o scotish_n tongue_n when_o first_o receive_v fol._n 162_o 163_o scotish_n bound_n in_o scotland_n fol._n 165_o sherborn_n against_o warren_n fol._n 65_o shire_n not_o ancient_o in_o wales_n fol._n 94_o soc_n and_o sac_n what_o fol._n 177_o 178_o 179_o socage_n land_n change_v fol._n 139_o socage_n land_n ancient_o partible_a fol._n 89_o 139_o spersold_v in_o berkshire_n fol._n 73_o surname_n when_o first_o use_v fol._n 176_o 177_o suit_n and_o doom_n in_o urchenfield_n fol._n 111_o swyddog_n a_o magistrate_n in_o welsh_a fol._n 93_o 173_o swine-gavel_a what_o fol._n 115_o
116_o 118_o t._n talaeth_n its_o signification_n fol._n 25_o tania_n in_o brytania_n fol._n 85_o teliesin_n ambrose_n telesinus_n fol._n 84_o 85_o tenure_n of_o wales_n fol._n 26_o tenor_n jocular_a fol._n 72_o 169_o tenor_n military_a etc._n etc._n intruder_n on_o gavel-kind_n fol._n 137_o tenenda_n ad_fw-la gavilikendam_fw-la what_o fol._n 124_o 125_o tederlec_n in_o hampshire_n fol._n 68_o terra_fw-la ex_fw-la scripto_fw-la fol._n 144_o 145_o thanes_z theyne_n what_o fol._n 173_o 174_o thanes_z a_o military_a honour_n fol._n 140_o theodosius_n the_o emperor_n fol._n 87_o title_n of_o the_o conqueror_n law_n fol._n 59_o troy_n troynovant_n trinobantes_n fol._n 83_o trojan_a britain_n fol._n 82._o 85_o trojan_n the_o britain_n ancestor_n fol._n 83_o 84_o trojan_a law_n in_o london_n fol._n 55_o tribute_n or_o tributum_fw-la what_o fol._n 115_o tydyn_n what_o fol._n 156_o tylwyth_n their_o signification_n manner_n and_o use_n fol._n 21_o how_o they_o be_v record_v fol._n 22_o their_o use_n as_o to_o gavelkind_a fol._n 23_o v._n verolamium_n fol._n 34_o village_n and_o villeinage_n the_o original_a of_o they_o fol._n 7_o villeinage_n change_v into_o gavelkind_n fol._n 157_o 158_o villeinage_n lose_v in_o england_n fol._n 81_o villati_fw-la or_o villani_n fol._n 97_o villain_n what_o fol._n 168_o 172_o ancient_o among_o the_o welsh_a fol._n 107_o 108._o 174_o 175_o before_o the_o norman_a conquest_n fol._n 168._o 171._o 173_o 174_o in_o kent_n fol._n 167_o no_o name_n of_o reproach_n fol._n 168_o vortiger_n king_n engage_v the_o saxon_n fol._n 36_o wage_v they_o against_o the_o pict_n fol._n 40_o his_o wisdom_n in_o wage_n they_o ibid._n what_o he_o give_v to_o hengist_n fol._n 45_o his_o deposition_n and_o restoration_n fol._n 40_o urchinfield_n king_n of_o it_o fol._n 44_o 45_o custom_n of_o it_o fol._n 71_o 107_o 108_o 109_o 110_o a_o region_n fol._n 109_o a_o liberty_n fol._n 110_o a_o hundred_o ibid._n their_o manner_n of_o judgement_n fol._n 110_o 111_o their_o manner_n of_o partition_n fol._n 156_o their_o privilege_n fol._n 108_o 156_o usage_n of_o several_a sort_n fol._n 102_o 103_o vallum_n severi_n what_o and_o where_o fol._n 165_o w._n wales_n fol._n 86_o walingford_n fol._n 115_o 116_o 71_o wardship_n among_o the_o welsh_a ancient_o fol._n 104_o warham_n in_o dorsetshire_n fol._n 101_o welsh_a what_o fol._n 86_o welsh_a custom_n fol._n 71_o 109_o welsh_a jury_n fol._n 64_o welsh_a derive_v from_o the_o greek_n fol._n 85_o welsh-man_n understand_v the_o cornish_a and_o manc_n fol._n 146_o ƿere_o what_o fol._n 71_o 72_o westsaxonlaege_n what_o fol._n 54_o 57_o william_n the_o conqueror_n confirm_v the_o saxon_a law_n fol._n 58_o 59_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o old_a british_a law_n fol._n 60_o afraid_a of_o the_o english_a after_o his_o conquest_n ibid._n swear_v to_o king_n edward_n law_n fol._n 61_o command_n the_o observation_n of_o king_n edward_n law_n ibid._n engage_v the_o norman_n against_o the_o welsh_a fol._n 94_o windsor_n fol._n 116_o wittangemote_a fol._n 65_o wulfhardus_fw-la episcopus_fw-la hecanae_n fol._n 44_o wulpher_n king_n fol._n 43_o y._n yeoman_n what_o 63._o marg._n young_a brethren_n by_o gavel_n give_v arm_n fol._n 140_o the_o history_n of_o gavelkind_n to_o restrain_v the_o propensity_n and_o violent_a current_n of_o thing_n natural_a be_v no_o trivial_a or_o slight_a attempt_n such_o another_o undertake_v it_o be_v to_o go_v about_o to_o remove_v mistake_n when_o two_o or_o three_o age_n have_v receive_v they_o without_o any_o dubitation_n impression_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n will_v not_o easy_o be_v remove_v extirpation_n always_o carry_v a_o violence_n along_o with_o it_o and_o where_o there_o have_v be_v a_o long_a irradication_n there_o so_o much_o the_o more_o of_o force_n will_v be_v requisite_a this_o fancy_n in_o people_n be_v not_o a_o novelty_n thucydides_n complain_v of_o it_o in_o his_o time_n say_v man_n receive_v the_o report_n of_o thing_n 1._o lib._n 1._o though_o of_o their_o own_o country_n if_o do_v before_o their_o own_o time_n all_o alike_o from_o one_o as_o from_o another_o without_o examination_n mr._n somner_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o gavelkind_n have_v laborious_o evict_v the_o common_a etymologistical_a notion_n thereof_o and_o also_o learned_o declare_v the_o nature_n of_o it_o yet_o because_o i_o find_v a_o deviation_n in_o he_o who_o have_v discover_v that_o we_o be_v in_o the_o wrong_a way_n i_o think_v it_o not_o only_a charity_n but_o duty_n to_o examine_v and_o question_v that_o path_n he_o have_v show_v unto_o we_o lest_o it_o shall_v fail_v we_o in_o our_o journey_n and_o labour_v to_o avoid_v one_o error_n we_o fall_v into_o another_o by_o which_o it_o may_v also_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o a_o mis-conception_n may_v pass_v to_o our_o generation_n by_o the_o like_a misfortune_n that_o befall_v our_o forefather_n in_o the_o retention_n of_o that_o common_a construction_n so_o long_o since_o receive_v and_o take_v for_o grant_v yet_o lest_o that_o learned_a gentleman_n who_o civility_n to_o i_o i_o may_v not_o forget_v may_v think_v i_o deserve_o reprovable_a for_o make_v this_o assault_n after_o his_o elaborate_a disquisition_n and_o ingenious_a contention_n i_o shall_v only_o apologise_v in_o his_o own_o word_n and_o desire_v the_o candour_n of_o they_o may_v be_v a_o satisfaction_n to_o he_o and_o a_o defence_n to_o i_o in_o these_o my_o weak_a endeavour_n and_o they_o be_v those_o in_o which_o he_o express_v himself_o in_o his_o 62_o page_n in_o these_o word_n therefore_o appeal_n from_o the_o vulgar_a i_o shall_v apply_v myself_o to_o the_o more_o literate_a and_o judicious_a by_o intendment_n not_o so_o tenacious_a of_o a_o specious_a tradition_n but_o that_o they_o can_v with_o patience_n hear_v it_o question_v and_o if_o occasion_n be_v refute_v not_o unwilling_a to_o desert_v it_o if_o upon_o trial_n it_o may_v prove_v unsound_a and_o spurious_a and_o account_v it_o as_o thankworthy_a to_o discover_v a_o old_a error_n as_o to_o deliver_v a_o new_a truth_n especial_o since_o truth_n be_v not_o more_o often_o nor_o more_o easy_o lose_v by_o too_o much_o altercation_n than_o error_n be_v contract_v and_o continue_v by_o too_o little_a this_o be_v by_o he_o most_o ingenuous_o urge_v i_o will_v not_o apologise_v any_o further_o only_o desire_v the_o favour_n to_o introduce_v that_o at_o this_o time_n to_o he_o which_o i_o former_o make_v use_v of_o to_o my_o most_o worthy_a friend_n dr_n t._n b._n of_o q._n c._n oxon._n upon_o the_o selfsame_a subject_n i_o have_v now_o before_o i_o and_o be_v that_o which_o the_o incomparable_a camden_n upon_o another_o subject_a not_o much_o unlike_o this_o of_o we_o use_v in_o a_o epistle_n to_o justus_n lipsius_n and_o earnest_o request_v it_o may_v be_v take_v as_o it_o be_v for_o my_o sincere_a protest_n that_o this_o writing_n of_o i_o be_v not_o altercandi_fw-la vel_fw-la calumniandi_fw-la study_v quod_fw-la à _fw-la nobis_fw-la qui_fw-la musis_fw-la &_o modestiae_fw-la litamus_fw-la procul_fw-la absit_fw-la sed_fw-la cupiditate_fw-la quâdam_fw-la cognoscendi_fw-la &_o veritatem_fw-la si_fw-la fieri_fw-la potest_fw-la ab_fw-la injuriâ_fw-la vindicandi_fw-la and_o if_o any_o thing_n beyond_o or_o beside_o this_o can_v be_v find_v in_o this_o follow_a tract_n i_o shall_v willing_o and_o ready_o stand_v correct_v only_o before_o i_o begin_v i_o beg_v the_o favour_n of_o the_o reader_n that_o he_o will_v not_o expect_v from_o i_o in_o this_o work_n a_o exact_a method_n for_o in_o such_o polemical_a discourse_n it_o will_v prove_v a_o very_a hard_a task_n even_o upon_o this_o ground_n that_o the_o foundation_n be_v erroneous_a and_o irregular_a it_o must_v of_o necessity_n follow_v that_o the_o whole_a superstructure_n be_v in_o disorder_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o undertaker_n can_v avoid_v tautology_n yet_o in_o it_o i_o will_v be_v as_o careful_a as_o i_o can_v to_o shun_v they_o the_o method_n i_o resolve_v upon_o be_v by_o chapter_n deduce_v into_o discourse_n upon_o several_a corollary_n of_o mr_n somner_n in_o the_o first_o place_n than_o we_o will_v discourse_v chap._n i._n concern_v first_o plantation_n double_a portion_n to_o the_o elder_a among_o the_o jew_n partition_n ancient_o and_o modern_o use_v by_o the_o german_n the_o same_o custom_n among_o the_o french_a and_o italian_n and_o all_o this_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o subject_a of_o partition_n m.s._n treat_v of_o the_o custom_n of_o gavelkind_n a_o tenure_n by_o which_o all_o the_o son_n upon_o their_o father_n decease_n do_v equal_o divide_v and_o share_v the_o inheritance_n betwixt_o they_o say_v that_o he_o be_v content_v to_o admit_v and_o agree_v that_o provincial_o and_o particular_o here_o in_o kent_n we_o have_v such_o a_o custom_n both_o before_o and_o at_o the_o conquest_n neither_o say_v he_o be_o i_o against_o their_o opinion_n who_o affirm_v the_o like_a course_n and_o custom_n current_a in_o those_o time_n throughout_o the_o
kingdom_n etc._n etc._n and_o after_o present_o discourse_v upon_o what_o by_o some_o author_n have_v be_v affirm_v viz._n that_o either_o the_o conqueror_n or_o his_o brother_n odo_n bring_v it_o thither_o out_o of_o normandy_n and_o there_o plant_v it_o by_o the_o pattern_n and_o practice_n of_o his_o own_o country_n with_o much_o reason_n add_v for_o have_v it_o be_v from_o thence_o transplant_v probable_o it_o will_v not_o have_v be_v confine_v to_o kent_n a_o corner_n only_o of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o have_v spread_v itself_o rather_o over_o the_o whole_a by_o the_o conqueror_n mean_n who_o inclination_n and_o endeavour_n to_o propagate_v and_o implant_v here_o the_o custom_n of_o his_o own_o country_n be_v too_o eminent_a and_o notorious_a to_o be_v doubt_v of_o i_o may_v by_o the_o same_o reason_n argue_v that_o this_o custom_n be_v current_n in_o more_o ancient_a time_n may_v have_v its_o being_n not_o only_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_a government_n but_o its_o beginning_n long_o before_o and_o for_o my_o part_n i_o make_v no_o question_n but_o in_o elder_a time_n it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o all_o europe_n if_o not_o of_o all_o the_o world_n especial_o then_o when_o the_o inhabitant_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o paucity_n can_v so_o easy_o afford_v ground_n and_o room_n to_o their_o branch_a and_o spread_a generation_n such_o thought_n have_v thucydides_n of_o the_o first_o plantation_n and_o incolae_fw-la of_o greece_n for_o it_o be_v evident_a say_v he_o that_o that_o which_o be_v now_o call_v hellai_n viz._n greece_n be_v not_o of_o old_a constant_o inhabit_v but_o that_o at_o first_o there_o be_v often_o removal_n every_o one_o easy_o leave_v the_o place_n of_o his_o abode_n to_o the_o violence_n always_o of_o some_o great_a number_n and_o every_o man_n so_o husband_v the_o ground_n as_o but_o bare_o to_o live_v upon_o it_o without_o any_o stock_n of_o riches_n and_o plant_v nothing_o because_o it_o be_v uncertain_a when_o another_o shall_v invade_v they_o and_o carry_v all_o away_o especial_o not_o have_v the_o defence_n of_o wall_n but_o make_v account_n to_o be_v master_n in_o any_o place_n of_o such_o necessary_a sustenance_n as_o may_v serve_v they_o from_o day_n to_o day_n they_o make_v little_a difficulty_n to_o change_v their_o habitation_n for_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o land_n increase_v the_o power_n of_o some_o particular_a man_n both_o cause_v sedition_n whereby_o they_o be_v ruin_v at_o home_n and_o withal_o make_v they_o more_o obnoxious_a to_o the_o insidiation_n of_o stranger_n and_o a_o modern_a author_n out_o of_o homer_n write_v of_o those_o first_o solutum_fw-la first_o sallust_n cite_v by_o mr._n selden_n in_o his_o mare_n claus_n l._n 1._o c._n 7._o de_fw-la aborigiaibus_fw-la in_o conjurat_fw-la catilinae_fw-la say_v they_o be_v genus_fw-la hominum_fw-la agreste_fw-la sine_fw-la legibus_fw-la sine_fw-la imperio_fw-la liberum_fw-la atque_fw-la solutum_fw-la planter_n say_v in_o tâ—guriis_fw-la atque_fw-la antris_fw-la habitabant_fw-la ac_fw-la sine_fw-la legibus_fw-la sine_fw-la certis_fw-la sedibus_fw-la palantes_fw-la vagerentur_fw-la et_fw-la trojanis_fw-la temportbus_fw-la in_o sicilia_n describit_fw-la homerus_fw-la illus_fw-la aetatis_fw-la imaginem_fw-la nec_fw-la fora_fw-la conciliis_fw-la fervent_a nec_fw-la judice_fw-la tantum_fw-la antra_fw-la colunt_fw-la umbrosa_fw-la altis_fw-la in_o montibus_fw-la aedes_fw-la quisquesuas_fw-la regit_fw-la vxorem_fw-la natosque_fw-la nec_fw-la ulli_fw-la incommune_fw-la vacat_fw-la socias_fw-la extendere_fw-la curas_fw-la then_o be_v it_o i_o believe_v that_o they_o prudent_o use_v this_o kind_n of_o partition_n which_o extend_v itself_o no_o further_o than_o a_o division_n of_o stock_n and_o good_n by_o it_o equal_o to_o enable_v all_o the_o participant_n to_o settle_v to_o a_o livelihood_n and_o decline_v rapine_n which_o be_v the_o use_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o first_o incolae_fw-la this_o be_v also_o describe_v by_o thucydide_n discourse_v of_o the_o ancient_a greek_n report_v that_o they_o in_o old_a time_n and_o such_o barbarian_n as_o in_o the_o continent_n live_v near_o unto_o the_o sea_n or_o else_o inhabit_v the_o island_n after_o once_o they_o begin_v to_o cross_v over_o one_o to_o another_o in_o ship_n become_v thief_n rifle_v the_o weak_a and_o make_v this_o the_o best_a mean_n of_o their_o live_n be_v a_o matter_n at_o that_o time_n no_o where_o in_o disgrace_n this_o say_v thucydides_n of_o his_o own_o age_n be_v manifest_a by_o some_o that_o dwell_v on_o the_o continent_n among_o who_o so_o it_o be_v perform_v noble_o it_o be_v still_o esteem_v as_o a_o ornament_n it_o be_v in_o those_o elder_a time_n that_o riches_n consist_v not_o in_o have_v a_o propriety_n to_o land_n but_o rather_o in_o the_o number_n of_o servant_n to_o manage_v and_o defend_v their_o great_a stock_n and_o herd_n of_o catel_n and_o this_o i_o guess_v to_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o many_o have_v rational_o derive_v pecunia_n from_o pecus_fw-la and_o 119._o and_o it_o be_v long_o after_o the_o first_o plantation_n of_o our_o island_n that_o money_n be_v in_o use_n and_o long_o before_o the_o king_n due_n be_v pay_v in_o mony_n for_o judge_n doderidge_n out_o of_o gervasius_n tilburiensis_n a_o learned_a man_n who_o flourish_v in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n hen._n 2._o in_o his_o dialogue_n of_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o king_n exchequer_n have_v in_o effect_n as_o follow_v until_o the_o time_n say_v he_o of_o king_n hen_n 1._o the_o king_n use_v not_o to_o receive_v money_n of_o their_o land_n but_o victual_n for_o the_o provision_n of_o their_o house_n and_o towards_o the_o payment_n of_o their_o soldier_n wage_n and_o such_o like_a charge_n money_n be_v raise_v out_o of_o the_o city_n and_o castle_n in_o which_o husbandry_n and_o tillage_n be_v not_o use_v and_o exercise_v but_o at_o length_n when_o the_o king_n be_v in_o part_n beyond_o the_o sea_n need_v ready_a money_n for_o and_o towards_o the_o furniture_n of_o the_o war_n and_o his_o subject_n and_o farmer_n complain_v that_o they_o be_v grievous_o trouble_v by_o carriage_n of_o victual_n into_o sundry_a part_n of_o the_o realm_n far_o distant_a from_o their_o dwelling_n the_o king_n direct_v commission_n to_o certain_a discreet_a person_n who_o have_v a_o regard_n of_o those_o victual_n shall_v reduce_v they_o into_o reasonable_a sum_n of_o money_n the_o levy_n of_o which_o sum_n they_o appoint_v to_o the_o sheriff_n taking_z order_z withal_o that_o he_o shall_v pay_v they_o at_o the_o scale_n or_o beam_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o he_o shall_v pay_v sixpence_n over_o and_o above_o every_o pound_n weight_n of_o money_n because_o they_o think_v that_o the_o money_n in_o time_n will_v wax_v so_o much_o the_o worse_o for_o the_o wear_n exit_fw-la camden_n &_o littleton_n treatise_n of_o nobility_n pag._n 118_o 119._o pecunia_n in_o our_o ancient_a saxon_a law_n be_v often_o make_v use_n of_o for_o pecus_fw-la and_o then_o we_o must_v imagine_v they_o rather_o pastor_n than_o landlord_n such_o who_o change_v their_o land_n at_o pleasure_n and_o their_o habitation_n together_o for_o the_o better_a accommodation_n of_o their_o stock_n whose_o wealth_n be_v sum_v up_o as_o job_n by_o servant_n and_o catel_n but_o as_o people_n multiply_v and_o their_o number_n increase_v so_o that_o they_o have_v not_o conveniency_n of_o wander_v as_o former_o by_o the_o reason_n that_o land_n be_v general_o occupy_v according_a to_o the_o ability_n of_o family_n in_o their_o stock_n and_o number_n of_o catel_n than_o do_v land_n also_o by_o degree_n become_v impropriate_v observe_v nevertheless_o the_o same_o manner_n of_o partition_n of_o such_o land_n as_o before_o they_o have_v do_v of_o good_n for_o as_o before_o when_o they_o may_v have_v have_v land_n enough_o what_o shall_v they_o have_v do_v with_o it_o without_o stock_n so_o now_o when_o land_n be_v impropriate_v what_o shall_v they_o do_v with_o stock_n without_o land_n and_o for_o fear_n of_o that_o violence_n i_o before_o discourse_v of_o come_v first_o of_o all_o cohabitancia_n that_o be_v live_v together_o in_o society_n which_o without_o any_o disgrace_n be_v villeinage_n and_o so_o from_o family_n rise_v village_n and_o from_o they_o city_n by_o this_o mean_n we_o see_v how_o man_n come_v to_o be_v proprietor_n both_o of_o land_n and_o good_n of_o which_o tacitus_n make_v observation_n among_o the_o ancient_a german_a custom_n caeteris_fw-la seruis_fw-la except_o those_o only_o employ_v about_o merchandise_n non_fw-la in_fw-la nostrum_fw-la morem_fw-la descriptis_fw-la perfamiliam_fw-la ministeriis_fw-la utuntur_fw-la svam_fw-la cuique_fw-la sedem_fw-la suos_fw-la penates_fw-la regit_fw-la frumenti_fw-la modum_fw-la dominus_fw-la aut_fw-la pecoris_fw-la aut_fw-la vestis_fw-la ut_fw-la colono_fw-la injungit_fw-la &_o servus_n hactenus_fw-la patet_fw-la here_o be_v their_o ancient_a manner_n of_o live_v their_o ancient_a manner_n of_o reserve_v rent_n not_o unlike_o those_o which_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o in_o scotland_n and_o believe_v be_v in_o
finibus_fw-la controversia_fw-la est_fw-la can_v controversy_n of_o inheritance_n or_o hereditary_a succession_n arise_v where_o one_o of_o the_o son_n by_o law_n and_o custom_n inherit_v can_v there_o be_v any_o considerable_a question_n of_o bound_n where_o one_o son_n take_v possession_n of_o all_o whereof_o his_o father_n die_v seize_v exclude_v his_o other_o brethren_n in_o this_o small_a summary_n of_o judgement_n under_o the_o cognizance_n of_o the_o druid_n caesar_n place_v these_o as_o the_o most_o remarkable_a custom_n and_o eminent_a arricles_n the_o controversy_n of_o hereditary_a succession_n be_v not_o considerable_a where_o the_o land_n descend_v to_o one_o son_n for_o if_o it_o be_v according_a to_o custom_n that_o it_o shall_v so_o descend_v i_o know_v not_o with_o who_o the_o controversy_n shall_v be_v it_o can_v be_v with_o any_o of_o his_o brethren_n for_o they_o have_v no_o right_n except_o it_o be_v by_o our_o gavel_n nor_o with_o his_o sister_n for_o in_o case_n the_o father_n in_o his_o life-time_n have_v not_o provide_v for_o they_o they_o be_v leave_v to_o his_o mercy_n so_o that_o the_o controversy_n if_o any_o there_o be_v where_o the_o land_n descend_v to_o the_o one_o exclude_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o son_n must_v be_v with_o himself_o the_o controversy_n of_o single_a haeredation_n though_o in_o collateral_a line_n can_v not_o induce_v such_o a_o remark_n and_o notice_n from_o caesar_n because_o such_o question_n fall_v out_o but_o rare_o even_o in_o this_o well_o people_a age_n neither_o do_v the_o trial_n upon_o a_o majus_n jus_o in_o one_o day_n common_o occur_v but_o put_v the_o controversy_n together_o as_o caesar_n have_v join_v they_o that_o be_v submit_v to_o the_o judgement_n and_o sentence_n of_o these_o druid_n which_o i_o be_o persuade_v be_v of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o nature_n for_o bound_n betwixt_o neighbour_n and_o neighbour_n may_v be_v in_o question_n but_o this_o i_o say_v must_v not_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v whole_o disjunctive_a from_o the_o rest_n for_o thus_o it_o be_v express_v si_fw-mi de_fw-fr haereditate_fw-la de_fw-la finibus_fw-la controversia_fw-la est_fw-la it_o be_v not_o with_o the_o connexion_n of_o aut_fw-la or_o and_o of_o but_o lie_v plain_o in_o conjunction_n and_o bound_n have_v some_o probable_a reference_n to_o the_o inheritance_n which_o be_v to_o be_v part_v by_o our_o gavel_n among_o the_o brethren_n will_v require_v much_o use_n of_o the_o wisdom_n and_o moderation_n of_o the_o druid_n and_o also_o of_o their_o authority_n to_o set_v out_o to_o every_o brother_n or_o participant_n his_o portion_n or_o part_n without_o give_v cause_n of_o distaste_v to_o any_o for_o we_o see_v where_o this_o tenure_n at_o this_o day_n be_v in_o force_n that_o in_o case_n the_o proprietor_n of_o such_o partible_a land_n leave_v only_o but_o one_o son_n after_o he_o there_o can_v be_v no_o quarrel_n but_o that_o that_o only_a son_n enter_v upon_o and_o possess_v the_o land_n without_o competition_n or_o corrivallship_n thus_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o druid_n the_o judge_n in_o those_o age_n i_o have_v give_v a_o short_a account_n a_o little_a after_o caesar_n time_n they_o cease_v in_o gaul_n for_o 1._o for_o pliny_n lib._n 30._o c._n 1._o pliny_n say_v that_o tiberii_n caesaris_fw-la principatus_fw-la sustulit_fw-la druidas_n eorum_fw-la yet_o in_o britain_n they_o be_v in_o request_n long_o after_o even_o then_o when_o the_o roman_n have_v almost_o make_v perfect_a their_o conquest_n by_o the_o achieve_v of_o that_o memorable_a battle_n in_o the_o island_n of_o mona_n at_o present_a denominate_v anglesey_n we_o now_o proceed_v in_o our_o discourse_n to_o the_o bardi_n who_o think_v themselves_o to_o be_v the_o loca_fw-la tenentes_fw-la druidum_fw-la these_o be_v the_o british_a herald_n and_o register_n as_o galliis_fw-la as_o de_fw-fr galliis_fw-la ammian_n marcellinus_n record_v they_o who_o with_o the_o druid_n and_o the_o eubage_n he_o thus_o make_v famous_a per_fw-la haec_fw-la say_v he_o locis_fw-la hominibusque_fw-la paulatim_fw-la excultis_fw-la viguere_fw-la studia_fw-la laudabilium_fw-la doctrinarum_fw-la inchoata_fw-la per_fw-la bardos_n &_o eubage_n &_o druidas_n &_o bardi_n quidem_fw-la fortia_fw-la virorum_fw-la illustrium_fw-la facta_fw-la heroicis_fw-la composita_fw-la versibus_fw-la cum_fw-la dulcibus_fw-la lyrae_fw-la modulis_fw-la cantitarunt_fw-la eubages_fw-la vero_fw-la scrutantes_fw-la summa_fw-la &_o sublimia_fw-la naturae_fw-la pandere_fw-la conabantur_fw-la inter_fw-la hos_fw-la druid_n ingeniis_fw-la celsores_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o of_o these_o bard_n it_o be_v that_o lucan_n in_o a_o few_o verse_n have_v leave_v so_o worthy_a and_o ancient_a a_o memorial_n which_o i_o will_v not_o scruple_n to_o transcribe_v vos_fw-fr quoque_fw-la qui_fw-la fortes_fw-la animas_fw-la belloque_fw-la peremptas_fw-la laudibus_fw-la in_o longum_fw-la vates_fw-la dimittitis_fw-la aevum_fw-la plurima_fw-la securi_fw-la fudistis_fw-la carmina_fw-la bardi_n of_o who_o mr._n camden_n also_o add_v qui_fw-la praeterquam_fw-la quo_fw-la eo_fw-la munere_fw-la funguntur_fw-la etiam_fw-la praetexendis_fw-la genealogiis_fw-la operam_fw-la imprimis_fw-la studiose_fw-la navant_fw-la the_o carefulness_n of_o these_o bard_n from_o age_n to_o age_n have_v be_v so_o great_a that_o there_o be_v none_o who_o look_v into_o such_o british_a historical_a concernment_n but_o easy_o observe_v it_o and_o also_o see_v by_o that_o learning_n and_o knowledge_n that_o be_v extant_a in_o their_o write_n how_o fit_a they_o be_v to_o take_v care_n and_o cognizance_n of_o such_o matter_n as_o concern_v their_o office_n in_o relation_n to_o descent_n upon_o the_o tenure_n of_o partition_n and_o although_o it_o may_v take_v up_o too_o much_o paper_n for_o this_o small_a volume_n well_o to_o spare_v yet_o will_v it_o be_v much_o to_o our_o purpose_n to_o understand_v their_o manner_n of_o record_v their_o line_n and_o genealogy_n so_o as_o to_o six_o their_o pedigree_n right_a and_o to_o preserve_v they_o free_a from_o confusion_n in_o their_o collateral_a line_n by_o which_o care_n and_o art_n notwithstanding_o their_o tenure_n they_o keep_v all_o unconfound_v then_o first_o know_v that_o their_o genealogy_n especial_o of_o their_o principal_a gentry_n run_v seldom_o further_o than_o to_o certain_a tylwyth_n which_o as_o doctor_n davies_n expound_v it_o signify_v familia_fw-la famulitium_fw-la &_o tribus_fw-la which_o word_n take_v its_o derivation_n either_o from_o tyle_n i._n e._n locus_fw-la ubi_fw-la stetit_fw-la domus_fw-la vel_fw-la locus_fw-la aedificandae_fw-la domui_fw-la aptus_fw-la or_o else_o from_o tylath_n which_o signify_v trabs_fw-la tignus_fw-la whether_o you_o take_v it_o in_o the_o first_o derivation_n than_o it_o will_v afford_v we_o the_o signification_n of_o a_o place_n whereupon_o to_o build_v a_o house_n or_o if_o in_o the_o second_o then_o do_v it_o hold_v out_o in_o its_o signification_n a_o beam_n in_o the_o building_n either_o of_o which_o will_v serve_v our_o present_a purpose_n for_o tylwyth_n be_v a_o tribe_n or_o family_n branch_a or_o issue_v forth_o of_o another_o by_o that_o which_o we_o in_o our_o english_a heraldry_n call_v second_o or_o three_o house_n so_o that_o in_o case_n the_o great_a paternal_a stock_n spread_v or_o branch_a itself_o into_o several_a tylwyth_n or_o house_n these_o bard_n preserve_v the_o memorial_n thereof_o and_o observe_v this_o method_n in_o their_o ordinary_a memorial_n of_o family_n they_o carry_v not_o second_v or_o young_a house_n further_a than_o his_o tylwyth_n herein_o they_o respect_v primogeniture_n and_o there_o cease_v take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o the_o great_a paternal_a stock_n be_v or_o shall_v be_v so_o well_o know_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o need_n at_o all_o to_o mention_v it_o refer_v all_o the_o cadet_n of_o a_o family_n and_o sometime_o also_o the_o elder_a family_n itself_o to_o their_o tylwyth_n 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know_v by_o they_o so_o that_o every_o pen-cennedl_a in_o his_o gavel_n have_v four_o rhandir_n that_o be_v sort_n or_o part_n hereditariae_fw-la ready_a divide_v and_o apportion_v for_o his_o cennedl_n or_o generation_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o also_o a_o sub-division_n of_o many_o tenement_n under_o the_o rhandir_n show_v perfect_o a_o gavel_n tenure_n or_o hold_v exact_o observe_v even_o in_o their_o general_a partition_n of_o land_n and_o this_o so_o ancient_a at_o least_o as_o the_o time_n when_o howel-dda_a collect_v these_o law_n which_o be_v about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 942._o so_o that_o the_o true_a genuine_a signification_n of_o all_o be_v tota_n part_v hereditariae_fw-la in_o tenura_n that_o be_v each_o gavel_n or_o tenure_n do_v consist_v of_o so_o many_o rhandir_n or_o hereditary_a division_n ready_a part_v each_o of_o these_o tenor_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v so_o order_v as_o to_o admit_v of_o a_o division_n and_o if_o need_n be_v of_o sub-division_n also_o that_o so_o a_o township_n may_v the_o more_o apt_o be_v constitute_v for_o the_o execution_n of_o this_o common_a tenure_n and_o these_o so_o hold_v in_o or_o rather_o by_o their_o gafael_n be_v not_o only_o the_o ancient_a villati_fw-la or_o villani_n among_o the_o britain_n but_o also_o the_o gentry_n lord_n and_o prince_n himself_o be_v subject_a to_o it_o the_o use_n of_o the_o word_n viz._n gavel_n to_o a_o proper_a signification_n i_o have_v show_v and_o that_o also_o extra_n cantium_n to_o which_o county_n mr._n s._n do_v labour_n to_o monopolise_v it_o and_o the_o use_n thereof_o for_o several_a hundred_o of_o year_n past_a even_o at_o such_o a_o time_n when_o the_o correspondency_n in_o probability_n betwixt_o the_o britain_n and_o saxon_n be_v so_o small_a and_o the_o odium_n so_o great_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o unforgotten_a intrusion_n of_o the_o last_o that_o in_o that_o continue_a state_n of_o war_n it_o be_v not_o probable_a they_o will_v have_v accept_v of_o any_o saxon_a custom_n by_o a_o name_n so_o insignificant_a to_o the_o thing_n as_o ancient_o the_o etymology_n of_o it_o be_v receive_v or_o so_o little_a to_o the_o matter_n as_o mr._n s_n novel_a exposition_n will_v render_v it_o or_o to_o the_o rational_a use_n thereof_o but_o i_o have_v already_o show_v in_o the_o foregoing_a discourse_n in_o what_o sense_n the_o britain_n have_v receive_v it_o and_o also_o what_o doctor_n davies_n in_o his_o cambro-british_a dictionary_n which_o in_o my_o judgement_n be_v a_o elaborate_v and_o critical_a piece_n have_v say_v and_o exemplify_v thereupon_o for_o he_o it_o be_v that_o not_o only_o affirm_v gafaelu_n by_o english_a letter_n pronounce_v gavay_o to_o signify_v tenere_fw-la to_o hold_v as_o before_o i_o have_v say_v but_o also_o gafael_n by_o english_a letter_n speak_v gavel_n the_o word_n in_o controversy_n to_o be_v tenura_n a_o hold_n but_o for_o the_o statutum_n walliae_n which_o mr._n s._n discourse_v
demeyne_n soit_fw-fr use_n solonque_fw-la le_fw-fr ancient_a usage_n deal_v lieu_n daunt_v en_fw-fr ascun_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d le_fw-fr â—ient_fw-fr leu_fw-fr pour_fw-fr usage_n que_fw-fr le_fw-fr heritage_n soit_fw-fr departable_a entre_fw-fr tout_fw-fr les_fw-fr enfants_fw-fr freres_fw-mi &_o sore_n &_o in_o ascun_fw-fr lieu_fw-fr que_fw-fr le_fw-fr eigne_n avera_fw-fr tout_fw-fr &_o in_o astun_n lieu_fw-fr que_fw-fr le_fw-fr puisne_n frere_fw-fr avera_fw-fr tout_fw-fr here_o you_o see_v several_a usage_n and_o the_o like_a with_o the_o usage_n of_o warham_n and_o all_o according_a to_o the_o usage_n of_o the_o place_n which_o be_v their_o gavel_n or_o tenure_n but_o to_o return_v to_o that_o which_o be_v common_o receive_v for_o gavelkind_n which_o be_v a_o partition_n among_o all_o the_o male_n notwithstanding_o the_o existency_n of_o female_n of_o which_o sort_n there_o be_v also_o many_o kind_n some_o that_o consider_v the_o elder_a as_o that_o in_o urchenfield_n other_o that_o have_v a_o great_a respect_n to_o the_o young_a as_o that_o in_o wales_n some_o sort_n more_o free_a other_o sorâ—_n more_o servile_a yet_o in_o wales_n it_o be_v all_o call_v per_fw-la eminentiam_fw-la gavel_n as_o be_v the_o common_a tenure_n there_o and_o indeed_o by_o my_o search_n among_o their_o law_n i_o can_v not_o perceive_v that_o they_o have_v any_o other_o and_o here_o i_o shall_v recite_v to_o you_o several_a law_n of_o howel-dda_a one_o whereof_o infer_v knights-service_n another_o wardship_n and_o all_o of_o they_o their_o gavel_n under_o the_o community_n of_o partition_n authorem_fw-la exit_fw-la leg_n howeli_fw-la boni_fw-la m_n s._n penes_fw-la authorem_fw-la the_o first_o be_v this_o si_fw-mi quis_fw-la habuit_fw-la plures_fw-la filios_fw-la &_o aliqui_fw-la eorum_fw-la vel_fw-la own_v praeter_fw-la unum_fw-la mortui_fw-la fuerint_fw-la ille_fw-la unus_fw-la hereditatem_fw-la omnem_fw-la habebit_fw-la si_fw-la potuerit_fw-la pro_fw-la heredictate_v sva_fw-la domino_fw-la respondere_fw-la here_o by_o law_n care_n be_v take_v that_o in_o case_n all_o the_o son_n shall_v die_v except_o one_o then_o that_o that_o one_o ought_v to_o enjoy_v the_o whole_a inheritance_n to_o which_o certain_o he_o have_v no_o right_n that_o be_v as_o to_o the_o whole_a have_v the_o other_o son_n live_v and_o the_o law_n be_v so_o general_a that_o it_o refer_v not_o especial_o to_o the_o elder_a or_o to_o the_o young_a but_o to_o any_o of_o the_o son_n who_o all_o alike_o have_v the_o same_o interest_n and_o propriety_n nevertheless_o this_o privilege_n be_v under_o a_o condition_n and_o that_o be_v sirpotuerit_fw-la pro_fw-la heredâ—tate_fw-la sva_fw-la domino_fw-la respondere_fw-la this_o answer_v to_o the_o lord_n be_v a_o comprehensive_a term_n of_o a_o military_a duty_n and_o all_o other_o referve_v exit_n of_o the_o land_n and_o a_o those_o â—aws_n be_v the_o usual_a expression_n whereby_o both_o military_a service_n and_o mailes_n be_v understand_v the_o law_n for_o wardship_n be_v this_o si_fw-mi terram_fw-la hereditatis_fw-la sue_v aliqua_fw-la parentela_n idâ—est_n gueily-gord_a inter_fw-la se_fw-la non_fw-la diviserit_fw-la quamvis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la aliis_fw-la defunctis_fw-la non_fw-la nisi_fw-la unus_fw-la unius_fw-la supersit_fw-la ipse_fw-la terram_fw-la habebit_fw-la at_o si_fw-la de_fw-la terra_fw-la illa_fw-la utpote_fw-la deficiens_fw-la jura_fw-la sva_fw-la regi_fw-la prestare_fw-la non_fw-la poterit_fw-la rex_fw-la terram_fw-la possidebit_fw-la donec_fw-la illesufficient_a pro_fw-la terra_n possit_fw-la respondere_fw-la in_o this_o law_n be_v not_o only_o a_o express_a of_o the_o tenure_n of_o partition_n but_o also_o the_o service_n due_a to_o the_o king_n from_o the_o land_n and_o a_o title_n of_o wardship_n to_o the_o king_n until_o the_o service_n by_o the_o proprietor_n can_v be_v sufficient_o perform_v and_o although_o mr._n campden_n treat_v of_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n say_v veteri_fw-la enim_fw-la instituto_fw-la è_fw-la normannia_n deducto_fw-la &_o non_fw-la ab_fw-la henrico_n tertio_fw-la yet_o this_o show_v the_o britain_n have_v it_o before_o the_o norman_a conquest_n &_o that_o our_o policy_n be_v not_o whole_o derive_v from_o beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o make_v out_o which_o many_o writer_n be_v very_o fond_a but_o that_o ancient_o our_o britain_n have_v that_o wisdom_n in_o themselves_o and_o such_o politic_a custom_n among_o themselves_o that_o show_v the_o little_a need_n they_o have_v of_o borrow_v from_o other_o and_o i_o believe_v this_o be_v as_o ancient_a a_o express_a of_o wardship_n as_o may_v be_v find_v certain_a i_o be_o it_o be_v the_o ancient_a i_o have_v meet_v with_o and_o notwithstanding_o the_o britain_n have_v it_o among_o they_o before_o their_o acquaintance_n with_o the_o norman_n yet_o that_o which_o mr._n campden_n write_v may_v be_v true_a if_o he_o mean_v only_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n but_o the_o tenure_n by_o wardship_n enjoy_v that_o antiquity_n i_o before_o have_v show_v but_o a_o little_a to_o consider_v the_o form_n and_o manner_n use_v in_o the_o composure_n of_o these_o welsh_a law_n i_o observe_v that_o frequent_o it_o occurr_v among_o they_o that_o the_o expression_n of_o the_o significatum_fw-la in_o the_o latin_a be_v explain_v by_o the_o british_a term_n and_o be_v not_o in_o those_o time_n as_o some_o may_v imagine_v and_o ignotum_fw-la per_fw-la ignotius_fw-la but_o a_o ready_a and_o prompt_a way_n to_o make_v the_o law_n facile_a and_o easy_a to_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o concern_v subject_n aliqua_fw-la parentela_fw-la do_v not_o so_o full_o explain_v the_o design_n of_o the_o law_n as_o it_o be_v with_o id_fw-la est_fw-la gueily-gord_a which_o word_n turn_v into_o latin_a signify_v ex_fw-la amore_fw-la lecti_fw-la aut_fw-la concubitus_fw-la and_o be_v derive_v from_o gwe_o lectus_fw-la &_o cubile_fw-la and_o gordd_v malleus_fw-la it_o be_v etc._n etc._n the_o mawl_v of_o the_o bed_n or_o the_o effect_n of_o beddmalleat_v a_o expression_n use_v by_o the_o britain_n to_o difference_n such_o child_n as_o be_v legitimate_a bear_v in_o the_o true_a bed_n of_o wedlock_n from_o illegitimate_a or_o such_o as_o be_v bear_v in_o bastardy_n yet_o for_o these_o there_o be_v a_o provision_n in_o the_o law_n but_o that_o be_v ex_fw-la patris_fw-la benevolentia_fw-la here_o in_o this_o law_n the_o title_n of_o partition_n be_v make_v out_o yet_o so_o that_o in_o all_o case_n the_o land_n must_v not_o be_v of_o necessity_n subject_a unto_o it_o for_o if_o the_o legitimate_a child_n have_v not_o divide_v the_o land_n and_o it_o shall_v chance_v that_o all_o of_o they_o die_v except_o one_o that_o one_o shall_v have_v all_o the_o land_n upon_o that_o condition_n before_o speak_v of_o but_o in_o case_n that_o the_o land_n be_v divide_v among_o the_o son_n and_o after_o this_o division_n one_o of_o they_o die_v what_o shall_v become_v of_o his_o part_n and_o apportionment_n this_o objection_n be_v solve_v by_o another_o of_o their_o law_n which_o that_o it_o may_v not_o want_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o full_a explanation_n thereof_o i_o will_v bestow_v the_o transcribe_v of_o it_o the_o rather_o because_o in_o all_o part_n it_o confirm_v the_o british_a tenure_n or_o gavel_n and_o be_v this_o si_fw-mi aliqua_fw-la progeny_n inter_fw-la se_fw-la dividerit_fw-la here_v tatem_fw-la &_o post_fw-la aliqui_fw-la eorum_fw-la defecerint_fw-la pars_fw-la eorum_fw-la in_o manu_fw-la regis_fw-la cadet_fw-la quia_fw-la alii_fw-la part_n svas_fw-la secundum_fw-la divisionis_fw-la rationem_fw-la habuerint_fw-la here_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o the_o progeny_n must_v inter_v se_fw-la hereditatem_fw-la dividere_fw-la and_o than_o if_o any_o portioner_n die_v after_o the_o partition_n the_o part_n or_o portion_n of_o the_o decease_a escheat_n to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o reason_n and_o ground_n thereof_o be_v there_o render_v quia_fw-la alii_fw-la part_n svas_fw-la secundum_fw-la divisionis_fw-la rationem_fw-la habuerunt_fw-la because_o that_o each_o one_o have_v his_o share_n or_o apportionment_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n or_o law_n of_o divide_v or_o part_v but_o because_o mr._n s._n do_v write_v of_o the_o great_a privilege_n belong_v to_o kent_n by_o this_o tenure_n i_o shall_v make_v in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n viii_o a_o competition_n of_o privilege_n betwixt_o kent_n and_o urchenfield_n much_o of_o my_o enquiry_n have_v in_o these_o last_o chapter_n be_v spend_v about_o the_o singularity_n of_o the_o tenure_n of_o gavelkind_n in_o kent_n i_o now_o proceed_v to_o show_v a_o competition_n in_o privilege_n betwixt_o other_o place_n subject_v to_o this_o tenure_n and_o kent_n for_o that_o mr._n s._n say_v in_o his_o 53._o page_n kentish_a gavelkind_n consist_v of_o many_o singular_a property_n which_o may_v as_o well_o challenge_v a_o share_n and_o right_n in_o the_o custom_n name_n as_o may_v that_o of_o partition_n such_o as_o dower_n of_o the_o moiety_n not_o to_o forfeit_v land_n for_o felony_n and_o the_o like_a i_o believe_v not_o either_o partition_n or_o any_o of_o those_o mention_a privilege_n have_v a_o share_n or_o right_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o custom_n which_o i_o shall_v discourse_v hereafter_o nor_o that_o
even_o as_o well_o if_o it_o be_v former_o gavelkind-land_n by_o their_o grant_n receive_v a_o extinction_n of_o its_o tenure_n for_o that_o in_o such_o case_n where_o it_o be_v i_o say_v so_o vest_v it_o be_v whole_o depend_v upon_o the_o force_n of_o the_o contract_n betwixt_o the_o person_n concern_v and_o again_o this_o same_o specifical_a land_n may_v so_o fall_v out_o as_o to_o be_v make_v the_o very_a site_n of_o the_o house_n and_o the_o garden_n of_o this_o religious_a society_n or_o body_n and_o how_o in_o such_o a_o case_n it_o will_v be_v capable_a of_o partition_n except_o as_o i_o before_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o member_n their_o participation_n of_o a_o equal_a benefit_n i_o know_v not_o the_o progress_n exhibit_v chap._n xi_o some_o offer_n at_o the_o termination_n kind_a affix_v in_o composition_n to_o the_o word_n gavel_n mr._n s._n in_o his_o 37_o page_n say_v that_o gavelkynd_n be_v a_o word_n compound_v of_o gavel_n and_o kind_a the_o latter_a syllable_n whereof_o come_v and_o be_v contract_v of_o the_o saxon_a word_n gecind_n which_o by_o several_a good_a author_n be_v render_v nature_n mr._n s._n in_o his_o 10_o page_n say_v that_o gavel_n be_v the_o main_a part_n of_o the_o word_n which_o if_o so_o than_o i_o hope_v i_o have_v dispatch_v the_o main_a part_n of_o my_o work_n and_o can_v willing_o join_v with_o mr._n s._n in_o his_o exposition_n of_o the_o latter_a part_n for_o in_o what_o i_o shall_v declare_v myself_o in_o this_o chapter_n shall_v be_v only_a scepticism_n but_o i_o be_o confident_a of_o my_o opinion_n in_o the_o first_o and_o main_a part_n and_o here_o i_o must_v take_v notice_n of_o and_o give_v to_o mr._n s._n his_o due_a honour_n for_o his_o ingenuous_a ratiocination_n upon_o the_o common_a receive_v interpretation_n of_o mr._n lambard_n and_o all_o those_o that_o follow_v he_o concern_v the_o latter_a part_n of_o it_o which_o he_o will_v have_v to_o signify_v kindred_n and_o that_o the_o whole_a word_n together_o be_v of_o a_o saxon_a original_a and_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v give_v to_o all_o the_o kindred_n which_o flat_o oppose_v the_o very_a nature_n of_o the_o tenure_n because_o where_o such_o land_n be_v that_o be_v subject_a to_o this_o partible_a quality_n the_o kindred_n do_v not_o share_v nor_o be_v they_o partible_a at_o all_o among_o they_o but_o in_o the_o common_a case_n of_o the_o failer_z of_o issue_n than_o the_o next_o of_o kindred_n in_o the_o near_a line_n and_o in_o this_o pretend_a interpretation_n the_o word_n kin_n suppose_v to_o be_v kindred_n do_v seem_v to_o nullify_v by_o it_o the_o know_a use_n of_o the_o tenure_n for_o if_o the_o kindred_n be_v to_o part_v those_o land_n then_o must_v it_o so_o fall_v out_o that_o either_o the_o child_n part_v they_o with_o the_o kindred_n or_o the_o kindred_n without_o the_o child_n for_o if_o the_o title_n by_o this_o denomination_n be_v in_o the_o kindred_n it_o must_v be_v one_o of_o the_o two_o and_o upon_o serious_a consideration_n i_o will_v think_v that_o it_o deserve_v a_o censure_n for_o any_o to_o affirm_v that_o child_n be_v of_o kin_n to_o the_o father_n for_o that_o kindred_n or_o kin_n betoken_v a_o more_o distantial_a relation_n than_o a_o son_n be_v to_o the_o father_n which_o shall_v it_o take_v place_n in_o that_o notion_n will_v carry_v with_o it_o the_o confusion_n of_o alliance_n in_o latin_a kindred_n be_v call_v cognatio_fw-la quia_fw-la cognati_fw-la quasi_fw-la una_fw-la communiter_fw-la nati_fw-la vel_fw-la orti_fw-la ab_fw-la eodem_fw-la progenitore_fw-la these_o cognati_fw-la or_o kindred_n that_o be_v so_o distance_v may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v sanguine_a conjuncti_fw-la and_o consanguinei_fw-la be_v cause_n they_o proceed_v from_o one_o progenitor_n yet_o be_v well_o know_v not_o to_o participate_v of_o the_o same_o privilege_n with_o the_o child_n for_o the_o child_n of_o one_o brother_n do_v not_o divide_v or_o part_v land_n with_o the_o child_n 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to_o signify_v son_n or_o rather_o child_n which_o if_o in_o the_o last_o than_o i_o say_v that_o daughter_n as_o well_o as_o son_n at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v very_o rare_o participant_n in_o the_o partition_n of_o land_n together_o except_o in_o those_o case_n i_o former_o show_v doctor_n powel_n in_o his_o additament_n to_o the_o cambrian_a history_n which_o i_o cite_v full_o before_o say_v here_o i_o think_v fit_a to_o say_v somewhat_o of_o the_o custom_n and_o tenure_n of_o wales_n etc._n etc._n that_o be_v the_o division_n of_o the_o father_n inheritance_n among_o all_o the_o son_n common_o call_v gavelkynd_n the_o doctor_n write_v gavel_n in_o great_a and_o large_a character_n and_o kind_a in_o small_a as_o be_v dubious_a of_o the_o connaturality_n of_o they_o gavel_n he_o affirm_v to_o be_v british_a but_o not_o know_v what_o to_o make_v of_o kind_a pass_v it_o over_o in_o silence_n i_o shall_v be_v far_o from_o peremptoriness_n in_o my_o own_o sentence_n concern_v it_o one_o while_o i_o think_v it_o may_v have_v be_v derive_v from_o the_o british_a word_n tennedl_n which_o signify_v generatio_fw-la aut_fw-la familia_fw-la as_o in_o that_o common_o use_v word_n pen-cennedl_a which_o be_v receive_v and_o expound_v to_o signify_v princeps_fw-la generationis_fw-la aut_fw-la familias_fw-la the_o chief_a of_o a_o kindred_n or_o blood_n who_o among_o the_o welsh_a be_v reverence_v and_o observe_v as_o i_o tell_v you_o the_o lord_n or_o chief_n of_o clan_n be_v in_o the_o highland_n of_o scotland_n and_o so_o gavel-kennedl_a may_v signify_v tenura_n familias_fw-la aut_fw-la generationis_fw-la which_o that_o i_o may_v bring_v it_o a_o little_a near_o to_o the_o ring_n of_o the_o pronunciation_n be_v by_o some_o report_v to_o have_v be_v sound_v tennedh_n which_o with_o great_a case_n in_o the_o composition_n may_v retreat_v into_o gavelkynd_n and_o be_v of_o the_o same_o use_n in_o that_o signification_n somewhat_o of_o that_o manner_n be_v ancient_o observe_v among_o the_o britain_n though_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v lose_v for_o morgan_n be_v a_o name_n of_o great_a use_n among_o they_o heretofore_o as_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n which_o signify_v get_v of_o the_o sea_n sea_n mergan_n signify_v get_v of_o the_o sea_n as_o some_o critic_n in_o that_o language_n do_v report_n and_o be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o proper_a name_n of_o that_o arch_a heretic_n who_o in_o imitation_n of_o this_o his_o name_n be_v by_o the_o greek_n call_v pelagius_n which_o termination_n begin_v in_o the_o welsh_a name_n i_o mean_v be_v the_o fruit_n of_o genned_a from_o whence_o with_o a_o soft_a mutation_n may_v come_v the_o latter_a part_n of_o our_o word_n inquire_v after_o viz._n kind_a the_o other_o imagination_n be_v this_o that_o the_o saxon_n upon_o their_o first_o co-habitation_n with_o the_o britain_n do_v borrow_v many_o of_o their_o word_n by_o which_o they_o express_v the_o denomination_n of_o place_n and_o thing_n i_o have_v already_o show_v several_a 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be_v to_o say_v perhaps_o they_o be_v as_o servi_fw-la before_o or_o villani_fw-la and_o now_o they_o become_v liberi_fw-la much_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n mr._n lambard_n show_v we_o out_o of_o a_o old_a piece_n of_o saxon_a where_o the_o reputation_n of_o a_o thane_n consist_v in_o have_v among_o other_o thing_n a_o church_n a_o hall_n a_o porch_n etc._n etc._n which_o show_v the_o cohaerence_n of_o the_o saxon_a custom_n with_o the_o british_a and_o thus_o by_o judge_n dodaridge_n out_o of_o he_o it_o be_v render_v in_o his_o treatise_n of_o baron_n pag._n 152._o it_o be_v sometime_o in_o the_o english_a law_n that_o the_o people_n and_o law_n be_v in_o reputation_n than_o be_v the_o wise_a of_o the_o people_n worship-worthy_a in_o his_o degree_n earl_n and_o chorle_n theyne_n and_o undertheyne_a and_o if_o a_o chorle_fw-mi so_o thrive_v that_o he_o have_v full_o five_o hide_n of_o land_n of_o his_o own_o a_o church_n and_o a_o kitchen_n a_o bellhouse_n and_o a_o gate_n a_o seat_n a_o several_a office_n in_o the_o king_n hall_n then_o be_v he_o from_o thenceforth_o the_o theine_n right-worthy_a and_o if_o a_o theyn_z so_o thrive_v that_o he_o serve_v the_o king_n on_o his_o message_n on_o his_o journey-ward_n in_o his_o household_n if_o he_o than_o have_v a_o theyn_z which_z him_z followed_z who_o to_o the_o king_n experience_n have_v five_o hide_n and_o in_o the_o king_n palace_n his_o lord_n have_v serve_v and_o thrice_o with_o his_o errand_n have_v go_v to_o the_o king_n he_o may_v afterward_o with_o his_o fore-oath_n his_o lord_n part_v play_v at_o need_n and_o if_o a_o thein_n that_o he_o become_v a_o earl_n than_o be_v he_o from_o henceforth_o the_o theins_n right-worthy_a and_o if_o a_o scholar_n so_o thrive_v through_o learning_n that_o he_o have_v degree_n and_o serve_v christ_n he_o be_v thenceforth_o of_o dignity_n and_o peace_n so_o much_o worthy_a as_o thereunto_o belong_v unless_o he_o forfeit_v so_o that_o he_o the_o use_n of_o his_o degree_n ne_o might_n again_o among_o the_o same_o law_n for_o forfeiture_n for_o burn_a of_o house_n it_o be_v thus_o provide_v that_o for_o the_o burn_a of_o odin_n regis_n dimid_n libre_fw-la optimatis_fw-la lx._n den_n villani_n regis_fw-la xxx_o den_n villani_n optimatis_fw-la xxiv_o den_n hoc_fw-la de_fw-la illis_fw-la est_fw-la intelligendum_fw-la qui_fw-fr piben_fw-ge habent_fw-la de_fw-la aliis_fw-la tercia_fw-la pars_fw-la pretii_fw-la cadit_fw-la for_o the_o understanding_n whereof_o that_o odin_n be_v translate_v formax_n which_o in_o this_o place_n signify_v a_o kilne_n wherewith_o to_o make_v malt_n because_o that_o piben_fw-ge signify_v a_o kilne-hole_n the_o burn_a of_o which_o sort_n of_o kilne_n be_v that_o which_o be_v here_o mean_v which_o unless_o it_o have_v a_o kilne-hole_n the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o prescribe_a forfeiture_n decrease_v that_o which_o i_o cause_v it_o to_o shoot_v quite_o blank_a against_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o no_o villain_n before_o the_o conquest_n which_o this_o law_n show_v to_o the_o contrary_a in_o give_v you_o a_o account_n of_o such_o even_a at_o this_o time_n of_o the_o collection_n of_o these_o law_n kingsvillein_n and_o noblemens-villeins_a in_o another_o law_n it_o be_v that_o si_fw-mi filia_fw-la villani_n eat_v in_o rapinam_fw-la cum_fw-la aliquo_fw-la postea_fw-la ab_fw-la eodem_fw-la sit_fw-la repudiata_fw-la reddat_fw-la 〈◊〉_d animalia_fw-la tria_fw-la supradicte_n etatis_fw-la another_o law_n provide_v what_o the_o wife_n of_o a_o nobleman_n may_v bestow_v without_o her_o husband_n consent_n and_o what_o she_o may_v lend_v without_o his_o consent_n but_o enact_v that_o uxor_fw-la villani_n nichil_fw-la potest_fw-la dare_v sine_fw-la lioentia_fw-la villani_n nec_fw-la mitram_fw-la nec_fw-la aliquod_fw-la accommodare_fw-la nisi_fw-la cribrum_fw-la tam_fw-la long_o quod_fw-la vox_fw-la ejus_fw-la possit_fw-la audiri_fw-la stans_fw-la in_o limine_fw-la domû_v sue_v dum_fw-la clamat_fw-la propter_fw-la illud_fw-la all_o these_o law_n be_v of_o several_a concernment_n but_o do_v all_o express_o prove_v villeinage_n above_o one_o hundred_o year_n before_o the_o norman_a conquest_n and_o so_o by_o what_o i_o have_v say_v before_o concern_v the_o law_n of_o howel-dda_a probable_o to_o be_v a_o ancient_a british_a usage_n for_o the_o word_n clown_n think_v to_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o latin_a word_n colonus_n from_o whenâ—e_n also_o be_v the_o british_a word_n klw_v and_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o dutch_a word_n boer_n which_o by_o a_o syncope_n be_v use_v for_o bouwer_n from_o the_o word_n bouwen_n id_fw-la est_fw-la arare_fw-la colere_fw-la agrum_fw-la as_o minshew_n have_v it_o what_o reproach_n can_v there_o probable_o be_v in_o that_o denomination_n yet_o now_o what_o ignominy_n do_v it_o carry_v with_o it_o the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o last_o which_o be_v call_v paganus_fw-la in_o latin_a but_o in_o english_a pain_n which_o become_v a_o surname_n to_o a_o family_n and_o a_o christian_a name_n to_o several_a great_a person_n but_o minshew_n have_v this_o story_n of_o the_o original_a of_o the_o name_n which_o carry_v in_o my_o judgement_n no_o great_a store_n of_o probability_n with_o it_o but_o as_o it_o be_v i_o will_v transcribe_v it_o under_o the_o word_n pagan_a he_o say_v a_o judaeis_n defluxâ—ssâ—â—mos_fw-la hic_fw-la &_o appellatio_fw-la rei_fw-la videtur_fw-la cum_fw-la enim_fw-la inter_fw-la judaeos_fw-la hâ—erosolyma_n tantum_fw-la civitas_fw-la erat_fw-la nullisque_fw-la nisi_fw-la judaeis_n ad_fw-la illam_fw-la dabatur_fw-la accessus_fw-la reliqur_n own_v hebraeis_n erant_fw-la pagani_n in_o pagis_fw-la quasi_fw-la extra_fw-la cioitatem_fw-la &_o populum_fw-la dei_fw-la constituti_fw-la &_o out_o of_o the_o eight_o book_n of_o isid_n he_o bring_v another_o story_n much_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n pagani_n inquie_n ex_fw-la â—â—agis_fw-la atheniensium_fw-la dicti_fw-la ubi_fw-la exorti_fw-la sunt_fw-la ibi_fw-la enim_fw-la in_o locis_fw-la agrestibus_fw-la &_o pagis_fw-la gentile_n lucos_fw-la idolaque_fw-la statuerunt_fw-la &_o a_o tali_fw-la inilio_fw-la vocabulum_fw-la sortitisunt_fw-la i_o be_o persuade_v that_o paganus_fw-la come_v from_o pagus_n but_o i_o find_v that_o cyflifc_n the_o saxon_a pagan_n have_v great_a priveleges_n than_o a_o villain_n for_o that_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o military_a service_n as_o in_o the_o 52_o and_o 64_o law_n of_o king_n ina_n which_o for_o brevity_n sake_n i_o shall_v pass_v by_o only_o take_v notice_n that_o of_o all_o such_o denomination_n there_o have_v rise_v term_n of_o disgrace_n which_o be_v not_o so_o in_o the_o first_o usage_n thereof_o so_o be_v it_o familiar_o give_v to_o we_o concern_v the_o common_a denomination_n of_o the_o term_n knave_n which_o be_v a_o word_n take_v from_o the_o britain_n who_o call_v a_o household_n servant_n or_o rather_o such_o a_o one_o as_o attend_v upon_o the_o person_n of_o another_o in_o their_o language_n knaf_n and_o be_v also_o one_o that_o be_v not_o yet_o proper_o say_v to_o be_v a_o man_n but_o be_v betwixt_o a_o boy_n and_o a_o man_n in_o the_o sense_n of_o a_o servant_n it_o be_v use_v in_o stat._n 1._o cap._n 3._o an._n 14_o ed._n 3._o but_o in_o its_o corruption_n and_o as_o it_o be_v now_o receive_v it_o be_v a_o word_n of_o great_a disgrace_n and_o express_v one_o that_o falsify_v his_o trust_n christ_n m_o s._n obit_n eccles_n heref_o penes_fw-la authorem_fw-la paul_n in_o our_o elder_a translation_n be_v render_v the_o knave_n of_o jesus_n christ_n to_o express_v that_o which_o we_o now_o read_v the_o servant_n of_o jesus_n christ_n in_o a_o old_a obit_n book_n that_o i_o have_v former_o belong_v to_o the_o church_n of_o hereford_n there_o be_v mention_n of_o a_o benefactor_n call_v simon_n gods-â—nave_a from_o who_o i_o believe_v at_o this_o day_n a_o certain_a place_n in_o the_o city_n of_o hereford_n be_v call_v gods-knave-inne_n which_o certain_o have_v no_o more_o in_o the_o signification_n than_o the_o servant_n of_o god_n by_o this_o we_o see_v that_o from_o such_o like_a word_n and_o denomination_n as_o these_o be_v surname_n be_v derive_v though_o it_o may_v now_o seem_v strange_a to_o we_o to_o meet_v with_o such_o appellation_n it_o appear_v that_o they_o be_v not_o so_o curious_a of_o procure_v excellent_a one_o to_o transmit_v to_o their_o posterity_n but_o accept_v of_o any_o serious_a or_o jocular_a some_o from_o shape_n of_o body_n other_o from_o quality_n of_o the_o mind_n some_o from_o trade_n office_n etc._n etc._n but_o i_o can_v let_v that_o pass_n without_o notice_n which_o for_o a_o surname_n i_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o second_o volume_n of_o domesdey_n in_o the_o survey_n of_o the_o connty_n of_o essex_n be_v there_o register_v as_o one_o of_o the_o trans_n tenentes_fw-la of_o that_o county_n where_o it_o be_v thus_o record_v 53._o record_v the_o land_n of_o roger_n god_n save_o the_o lady_n for_o the_o word_n domina_fw-la say_v judge_n dodaridge_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o the_o baron_n pag._n 151._o signify_v lady_n or_o dame_n so_o woman_n after_o
fourteen_o year_n of_o age_n be_v call_v domine_fw-la as_o also_o those_o which_o be_v ancient_o navigeal_v woman_n in_o earnest_n that_o be_v a_o hard_a word_n and_o by_o our_o english_a poet_n dame_n etc._n etc._n sed_fw-la vid._n seldeas_n title_n of_o honour_n 1_o part_n fol._n 53._o terra_fw-la rogeri_n deus_fw-la salvet_fw-la dominas_fw-la but_o i_o have_v do_v with_o the_o tenure_n of_o villeinage_n and_o the_o antiquity_n thereof_o of_o the_o use_n and_o abuse_v of_o ancient_a denomination_n and_o appellation_n i_o shall_v only_o add_v one_o or_o two_o word_n as_o a_o mite_n cast_v into_o mr._n s_n treasury_n which_o be_v by_o way_n of_o approbation_n of_o what_o he_o have_v learned_o discourse_v concern_v sok_n and_o sak_n evict_v that_o common_a receive_v opinion_n which_o make_v it_o signify_v the_o service_n of_o the_o plough_n but_o minshew_n upon_o the_o word_n say_v that_o soca_n be_v a_o word_n signify_v a_o power_n or_o liberty_n of_o jurisdiction_n as_o appear_v by_o these_o word_n out_o of_o bracton_n sunt_fw-la quidam_fw-la barones_n &_o alii_fw-la libertatem_fw-la habentes_fw-la scil_n soc_n &_o sac._n tol_o &_o thean_n infangthefe_a &_o utfangthefe_a &_o isti_fw-la possunt_fw-la judicare_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la sva_fw-la eum_fw-la qui_fw-la inventus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la infra_fw-la libertatem_fw-la svam_fw-la seisitus_fw-la de_fw-la aliquo_fw-la latrocinio_fw-la manifesto_fw-la the_o selfsame_a interpretation_n do_v mr._n lambard_n give_v it_o in_o his_o translation_n of_o the_o saxon-law_n for_o among_o the_o rest_n in_o those_o of_o king-ina_n be_v cyfic_n socnum_fw-la be_v render_v 24._o leg._n 24._o de_fw-fr immunitate_fw-la fani_fw-la and_o in_o the_o law_n of_o henry_n 1_o it_o be_v say_v nullus_fw-la enim_fw-la socnam_fw-la habet_fw-la impunè_fw-la peccandi_fw-la that_o be_v no_o one_o have_v liberty_n of_o sin_v without_o punishment_n in_o the_o second_o of_o king_n alureds_n law_n be_v cy_fw-fr ficena_fw-la socnum_fw-la be_v by_o the_o interpreter_n render_v de_fw-la immunnitate_fw-la templi_fw-la so_o likewise_o in_o the_o law_n of_o king_n edmund_n hamsocnâ—_n or_o hamsocnum_n be_v translate_v there_o immunitas_fw-la domûs_fw-la the_o privilege_n which_o man_n take_v themselves_o to_o have_v in_o their_o own_o house_n for_o that_o every_o man_n house_n be_v his_o castle_n in_o the_o say_a sense_n it_o be_v that_o i_o understand_v it_o in_o domesdey_n to_o be_v receive_v for_o in_o essex_n under_o the_o title_n of_o terra_n rogeri_n bigoti_n which_o be_v in_o english_a i_o think_v the_o land_n of_o roger_n the_o zealous_a it_o be_v thus_o record_v westunam_fw-la tenet_fw-la hugo_n de_fw-fr hosdene_n quod_fw-la tenuerunt_fw-la iv_o liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la t._n r._n e._n qui_fw-la fuerant_fw-la de_fw-fr soca_fw-la algari_fw-la etc._n etc._n sac_n sacha_n vel_fw-la sacca_n minshew_n render_v to_o signify_v a_o royalty_n or_o privilege_n touch_v plea_n or_o correction_n of_o trespass_n of_o man_n within_o a_o manor_n and_o say_v that_o he_o be_v inform_v that_o this_o word_n sac_n in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n do_v proper_o signify_v as_o much_o as_o causa_fw-la with_o the_o latin_n sake_n whence_o we_o in_o english_a still_o retain_v that_o expression_n for_o who_o sake_n etc._n etc._n that_o be_v for_o who_o cause_n but_o in_o the_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n they_o be_v both_o of_o they_o thus_o expound_v sacha_n est_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la quilibet_fw-la aliquem_fw-la nominatim_fw-la de_fw-la aliquo_fw-la calumniatus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la ☞_o ☞_o &_o ille_fw-la negaverit_fw-la forisfactura_fw-la probationis_fw-la vel_fw-la negationis_fw-la si_fw-la evenerit_fw-la sva_fw-la erit_fw-la soca_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la aliquis_fw-la quaerit_fw-la aliquid_fw-la in_o terrasua_fw-la ☞_o ☞_o etiam_fw-la furtum_fw-la sva_fw-la est_fw-la justitia_fw-la si_fw-la inventum_fw-la fuerit_fw-la a_o non_fw-la i_o shall_v also_o exhibit_v a_o exposition_n of_o they_o both_o out_o of_o a_o very_a ancient_a m_n s_o book_n autorem_fw-la m_o s._n penes_fw-la autorem_fw-la in_o which_o be_v register_v several_a donation_n to_o a_o cathedral_n church_n in_o england_n where_o after_o the_o recital_n of_o a_o certain_a charter_n grant_v by_o edward_n the_o confessor_n to_o they_o cu_z saka_fw-mi &_o cum_fw-la sokna_fw-la there_o follow_v a_o exposition_n of_o they_o both_o in_o red_a letter_n thus_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d equitur_fw-la expositio_fw-la illorum_fw-la terminorum_fw-la soka_n &_o saka_fw-mi 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d oka_n hoc_fw-la est_fw-la secta_fw-la de_fw-fr hominibus_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la vestrasecundum_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la regni_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d aka_fw-mi hoc_fw-la est_fw-la placitum_fw-la &_o emenda_fw-la de_fw-la transgressionibus_fw-la hominum_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la vestra_fw-la the_o first_o be_v only_o the_o suit_n of_o court_n due_a by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o lordship_n or_o manor_n and_o sac_n be_v the_o liberty_n of_o hold_v plea_n and_o impose_v mulct_n and_o forfeiture_n upon_o transgressor_n in_o that_o court_n mr._n s._n have_v learned_o discourse_v this_o and_o the_o erymologye_a thereof_o and_o because_o not_o in_o controversy_n i_o will_v not_o therewith_o further_o trouble_v the_o reader_n i_o be_o now_o come_v to_o the_o end_n of_o this_o immethodical_a discourse_n and_o desire_v his_o pardon_n and_o acceptance_n of_o the_o intention_n for_o the_o thing_n do_v for_o i_o can_v wish_v if_o this_o subject_n shall_v prove_v pleasurable_a or_o delightful_a to_o any_o that_o it_o have_v be_v better_o order_v and_o clothe_v in_o better_a style_n and_o language_n but_o now_o jacta_fw-la est_fw-la alea_n it_o must_v take_v its_o fortune_n and_o pass_v under_o the_o censure_n of_o many_o some_o will_v except_v against_o the_o boldness_n of_o the_o author_n in_o that_o he_o be_v not_o afraid_a to_o question_v receive_v opinion_n and_o to_o examine_v the_o ipse_fw-la dixit_fw-la of_o the_o law_n i_o hope_v such_o can_v say_v that_o it_o be_v immodest_o or_o irreverent_o do_v some_o will_v think_v it_o too_o long_o other_o perhaps_o too_o short_a many_o to_o be_v needless_a so_o perchance_o it_o may_v fall_v out_o that_o i_o may_v escape_v with_o the_o country_n priest_n who_o come_v to_o a_o village_n of_o husbandman_n that_o have_v new_o bury_v their_o pastor_n and_o overhear_v they_o complain_v that_o he_o have_v not_o by_o his_o prayer_n procure_v they_o rain_n or_o fair_a weather_n according_a to_o their_o occasion_n the_o stranger_n thereupon_o offer_v unto_o they_o that_o if_o they_o will_v procure_v he_o the_o benefice_n he_o will_v satisfy_v they_o in_o that_o point_n which_o be_v obtain_v several_a of_o they_o come_v to_o he_o some_o for_o continuance_n of_o fair_a weather_n other_o for_o some_o shower_n of_o rain_n to_o refresh_v their_o almost_o burnt-up_a grass_n and_o every_o one_o according_a as_o they_o be_v engage_v in_o their_o several_a necessity_n and_o requisite_n of_o husbandry_n he_o tell_v they_o he_o can_v not_o at_o the_o same_o time_n obtain_v fair_a weather_n and_o rain_n but_o if_o they_o will_v agree_v together_o than_o he_o will_v content_v they_o if_o any_o carp_o dispose_v stumble_v upon_o this_o tract_n i_o shall_v only_o desire_v they_o to_o meet_v and_o agree_v upon_o their_o verdict_n and_o i_o then_o will_v undertake_v to_o please_v they_o to_o the_o ingenuous_a i_o have_v this_o only_a to_o add_v let_v they_o accept_v of_o it_o as_o either_o a_o essay_n or_o under_o any_o other_o title_n or_o denomination_n whatsoever_o and_o i_o have_v do_v errata_fw-la pag._n 5._o line_n 7._o for_o hellai_n r._n hellas_n l._n 24._o vagerentur_fw-la r._n vagarentur_fw-la p._n 22._o l._n 2._o for_o drympeck_n r._n drympenocke_n p._n 70._o l._n 25._o read_v bis_fw-la ceoâ—_fw-la p._n 77._o l._n 25._o read_v offensive_a p._n 78._o l._n 12._o for_o scrâp_n r._n scâ—ûp_n p._n 94._o lin_v ult_n for_o country_n r._n counties_n p._n 130._o l._n 20_o for_o Ê’ip_n r._n Ê’if_n p._n 157._o l._n 10._o read_v the_o change_n be_v very_o &c_n &c_n some_o literal_a escape_n a_o judicious_a reader_n may_v encounter_v which_o be_v easy_o amend_v with_o his_o pen._n in_o the_o latin_a pag._n 208._o line_n 12._o for_o gemmetiam_fw-la read_v gemeticum_n p._n 209._o l._n 22_o for_o deuron_n read_v deurous_a brevis_fw-la relatio_fw-la de_fw-fr willelmo_n nobilissimo_fw-la comite_fw-la normannorum_fw-la quis_fw-la fuit_fw-la &_o unde_fw-la originem_fw-la duxit_fw-la etc._n etc._n ab_fw-la authore_fw-la anonymo_fw-la temp._n hen._n primi_fw-la londini_fw-la typis_fw-la guil._n wilson_n pro_fw-la johanne_n starkey_n apud_fw-la quem_fw-la prostant_fw-la vaenales_fw-la sub_fw-la signo_fw-la mitrae_fw-la in_o vico_fw-la vulgo_fw-la dicto_fw-la fleetstreet_n 1663._o dignissimo_fw-la henrico_n norwood_n uni_fw-la armigerorum_fw-la pro_fw-la corpore_fw-la caroli_n secundi_fw-la regis_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n &_o amoenae_fw-la coloniae_fw-la virginianae_fw-la thesaurario_fw-la etc._n etc._n vir_fw-la amplissime_fw-la tuam_fw-la erga_fw-la i_o beneficentiam_fw-la licèt_fw-la pensare_fw-la nequeam_fw-la lubens_fw-la tamen_fw-la recognosco_fw-la in_fw-la magnis_fw-la quip_n voluisse_fw-la satis_fw-la libellum_fw-la hunc_fw-la nomini_fw-la tuo_fw-la mihi_fw-la honorato_fw
herluinus_fw-la de_fw-fr contavilla_n ***_o willelmus_fw-la dictus_fw-la nothus_fw-la dux_n normanniae_fw-la postea_fw-la conquestu_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la sepultus_fw-la iaceo_fw-la cadomi_fw-la in_o ecclesia_fw-la b._n stephani_fw-la matilde_v ducissa_n norm_a postea_fw-la secundum_fw-la historiam_fw-la nostram_fw-la comitissa_n cantiae_fw-la denique_fw-la regina_fw-la angliae_fw-la ***_o robertus_fw-la dux_n normanniae_fw-la willemus_fw-la secundus_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la sepultus_fw-la in_o ecclesia_fw-la sancti_fw-la petri_n winton_n requiescit_fw-la ***_o henricus_fw-la primus_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o dux_n normanniae_fw-la malda_fw-la sen_fw-la matildis_n filia_fw-la malcolmi_n canmoir_n tertii_fw-la regis_fw-la scotorum_fw-la &_o margaretae_n sotoris_fw-la edgari_fw-la silij_fw-la edvardi_fw-la matildis_n imperatrix_fw-la odo_n episcopus_fw-la bajocensis_fw-la a_o rege_fw-la willielmo_n fratre_fw-la svo_fw-la uterino_fw-la in_o dignitatem_fw-la comitis_fw-la cantiae_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it promotus_fw-la erar_fw-it robertus_fw-la comes_fw-la montaigniae_n sed_fw-la moritonii_fw-la dicitur_fw-la in_o frag_n steph._n cadomensis_n vir_fw-la crassi_fw-la &_o hebetis_fw-la ingenii_fw-la ut_fw-la apud_fw-la willielm_n taylyur_fw-fr de_fw-fr rotomag_n emma_n uxor_fw-la ricardi_n comitis_fw-la auranchiae_fw-la in_o normannia_n quibus_fw-la genitus_fw-la erat_fw-la hugo_n lupus_fw-la cestriae_fw-la comes_fw-la palatlnus_fw-la filia_fw-la willielmi_n ducis_fw-la normanniae_fw-la nupta_fw-la herberto_n comiti_fw-la giromandorum_fw-la girlotta_n nupta_fw-la gulielma_n pictaviensi_fw-la comiti_fw-la quae_fw-la &_o gerloc_n dicitur_fw-la th._n wall_n in_o ypod_n neustr_n &_o gul._n gemet_n book_n print_v for_o and_o sell_v by_o john_n starkey_n at_o the_o mitre_n betwixt_o the_o middle_a temple-gate_n and_o temple-bar_n in_o fleetstreet_n folio_n the_o voyage_n and_o travel_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o holsteins_n ambassador_n into_o muscovy_n tartary_n and_o persia_n begin_v in_o the_o year_n 1633._o and_o finish_v in_o 1639._o contain_v a_o complete_a history_n of_o those_o country_n whereto_o be_v add_v the_o travel_n of_o john_n albert_n de_fw-fr mandelslo_n from_o persia_n into_o the_o east-indies_n begin_v in_o 1638._o and_o finish_v in_o 1640._o the_o whole_a illustrate_v with_o divers_a accurate_a map_n and_o figure_n and_o write_v by_o adam_n olearius_n secretary_n to_o the_o embassy_n the_o world_n survey_v or_o the_o famous_a voyage_n and_o travel_n of_o vincent_n de_fw-fr blanc_n of_o marseilles_n into_o the_o east_n and_o west-indies_n persia_n pegu_n fez_n morocco_n guinny_n and_o through_o all_o africa_n and_o the_o principal_a province_n of_o europe_n a_o practical_a and_o polemical_a commentary_n or_o exposition_n upon_o the_o three_o and_o four_o chapter_n of_o the_o â—atter_n epistle_n of_o saint_n paul_n to_o timothy_n by_o thomas_n hall_n b._n d._n brevia_fw-la judicialia_fw-la or_o a_o exact_a collection_n of_o approve_a form_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o judicial_a writ_n in_o the_o common-bench_n together_o with_o their_o return_n by_o rich._n brownlow_n thesaurus_fw-la brevium_fw-la or_o a_o collection_n of_o approve_a form_n of_o original_a and_o judicial_a writ_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n with_o their_o special_a direction_n by_o j._n c._n action_n upon_o the_o case_n for_o slander_n or_o a_o methodical_a collection_n of_o thousand_o of_o case_n in_o the_o law_n of_o what_o word_n be_v actionable_a and_o what_o not_o by_o william_n shepherd_n esq_n guillims_n display_v of_o heraldry_n blundels_n treatise_n of_o the_o sybell_n quarto_n a_o collection_n of_o declaration_n message_n speech_n remonstrance_n etc._n etc._n which_o pass_v betwixt_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o and_o the_o long_a parliament_n in_o the_o year_n 1641_o 1642_o 1643._o richard_n baxter_n treatise_n of_o save_v faith_n lawsons_n politica_fw-la sacra_fw-la &_o civilis_fw-la or_o a_o model_n of_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a government_n the_o history_n of_o gavelkind_n with_o the_o etymology_n thereof_o contain_v a_o vindication_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n together_o with_o a_o short_a history_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n by_o sylas_n taylor_n octavo_n a_o historical_a and_o geographical_a description_n of_o the_o great_a country_n and_o river_n of_o the_o amazon_n in_o america_n with_o a_o exact_a map_n thereof_o translate_v out_o of_o french_a the_o shepherd_n paradise_n a_o pastoral_n by_o walter_n montague_n aminta_n the_o famous_a italian_n pastoral_n translate_v into_o english_a ploudens_fw-la query_n or_o a_o moot_v book_n of_o choice_a case_n in_o the_o common-law_n english_v methodise_v and_o enlarge_v by_o h._n b._n a_o exact_a abridgement_n of_o all_o the_o statute_n in_o force_n and_o use_v make_v in_o the_o 16_o 17_o &_o 18_o of_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o and_o in_o the_o 12_o 13_o &_o 14_o of_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o viz._n from_o the_o 4_o of_o jan._n 1641_o 2._o to_o the_o 81_o of_o febr._n 1662._o 3_o by_o william_n hughes_n esq_n finche_n discourse_n of_o the_o law_n in_o four_o book_n engl._n tho._n goodwin_n opuscula_fw-la theolog._n tho._n hall_n apologia_fw-la pro_fw-la ministerio_fw-la evangelico_n translation_n of_o the_o second_o book_n of_o ovid_n metamorph._n treatise_n against_o the_o millenaries_n twelve_o tho._n hooker_n miscellany_n in_o divinity_n rich_a baxter_n call_v to_o the_o unconvert_v
which_o mr._n campden_n make_v a_o jest_n say_v of_o caesar_n quos_fw-la ille_fw-la uâ—_n reges_fw-la de_fw-la vicisse_fw-la videatur_fw-la reges_fw-la vocat_fw-la cum_fw-la tantum_fw-la regâ—li_fw-la fuerint_fw-la vel_fw-la melioris_fw-la no_z aenobiles_fw-la hence_o i_o collect_v that_o these_o reguli_fw-la be_v a_o constitution_n at_o least_o a_o custom_n ancient_o among_o the_o britain_n that_o guoronged_a be_v a_o regulus_n of_o kent_n and_o that_o vortiger_n do_v probable_o bestow_v no_o more_o upon_o hengist_n than_o the_o say_a honour_n or_o command_v of_o or_o rather_o in_o kent_n whether_o it_o be_v under_o the_o title_n of_o king_n count_z regulus_n or_o lieutenant_n it_o do_v not_o much_o matter_n for_o the_o breach_n which_o the_o saâ—â—ons_n afterward_o make_v upon_o the_o britain_n be_v such_o as_o give_v they_o liberry_n to_o take_v to_o themselves_o what_o title_n and_o what_o of_o other_o man_n title_n it_o please_v they_o hengist_n have_v this_o dominion_n or_o province_n not_o by_o conquest_n or_o force_n but_o assign_v unto_o he_o by_o way_n of_o remuneration_n from_o king_n vortiger_n for_o his_o good_a service_n against_o the_o pict_n or_o else_o to_o preserve_v and_o engage_v he_o to_o and_o in_o his_o service_n and_o have_v no_o more_o than_o the_o like_a authority_n as_o guorongus_n immediate_o before_o possess_v he_o can_v not_o have_v any_o colour_n or_o power_n by_o that_o gift_n to_o drive_v out_o the_o britain_n from_o their_o possession_n or_o so_o much_o as_o infringe_v their_o custom_n such_o a_o act_n will_v much_o misbecome_v the_o interest_n of_o vortiger_n to_o suffer_v or_o consent_n that_o his_o people_n shall_v be_v deliver_v up_o to_o the_o spoil_n and_o slavery_n of_o the_o saxon_n his_o very_a restauration_n i_o before_o speak_v of_o be_v a_o strong_a argument_n against_o that_o opinion_n for_o what_o protection_n can_v the_o britain_n have_v expect_v from_o he_o that_o have_v suppose_v the_o story_n true_a join_v with_o stranger_n their_o enemy_n in_o the_o dispossossion_n &_o destruction_n of_o his_o own_o people_n and_o subject_n the_o same_o improbability_n do_v i_o impose_v upon_o the_o alteration_n of_o custom_n i_o may_v ask_v ad_fw-la quem_fw-la finem_fw-la to_o what_o end_n shall_v he_o alter_v their_o law_n and_o custom_n we_o must_v look_v upon_o hengist_n as_o a_o exile_n out_o of_o his_o own_o country_n who_o methinks_v can_v not_o but_o be_v '_o content_v to_o find_v himself_o and_o he_o settle_v in_o a_o way_n of_o livelihood_n in_o honour_n and_o plenty_n rather_o than_o venture_v to_o put_v all_o to_o hazard_v by_o needless_a conrest_n so_o that_o i_o believe_v hengist_n find_v this_o custom_n in_o dispute_n among_o other_o use_v by_o the_o ancient_a britain_n and_o intermedle_v not_o therewith_o and_o this_o especial_o for_o that_o i_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o true_a and_o genuine_a stem_n of_o the_o custom_n and_o usage_n of_o the_o original_a planter_n remain_v here_o 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trouble_v to_o have_v find_v it_o in_o the_o law_n of_o howel-dha_a where_o it_o