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westminster_n welsh_a a_o noble_a policy_n of_o william_n conq._n good_a for_o himself_o but_o destructive_a to_o the_o welsh_a as_o touch_v the_o government_n of_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n it_o appear_v by_o divers_a ancient_a monument_n that_o the_o counquerour_n after_o he_o have_v conquer_v the_o english_a placed_z divers_z of_o his_o norman_a nobility_n upon_o the_o confine_n and_o border_n towards_o wales_n and_o erect_v the_o earldom_n of_o chester_n be_v upon_o the_o border_n of_o north-wales_n to_o a_o palatinate_n and_o give_v power_n unto_o the_o the_o say_a person_n thus_o place_v upon_o those_o border_n to_o make_v such_o conquest_n upon_o the_o welsh_a as_o they_o by_o their_o strength_n can_v accomplish_v hold_v it_o a_o very_a good_a policy_n thereby_o not_o only_o to_o encourage_v they_o to_o be_v more_o willing_a to_o serve_v he_o but_o also_o to_o provide_v for_o they_o at_o other_o man_n cost_n and_o hereupon_o further_o
the_o lawful_a son_n of_o constantius_n and_o helen_n and_o bear_v in_o britain_n and_o that_o his_o father_n constantius_n be_v compel_v by_o herculius_n the_o emperor_n to_o be_v divorce_v from_o helen_n his_o true_a wife_n to_o take_v theodora_n daughter_n in_o law_n of_o that_o emperor_n eutropius_n plain_o say_v that_o constantine_n be_v son_n of_o constantius_n in_o true_a marriage_n constantinus_n manasses_n say_v st._n helen_n be_v the_o wife_n of_o constantius_n and_o a_o most_o bless_a woman_n hunibaldus_n above_o 1000_o year_n since_o relate_v the_o history_n of_o the_o composition_n between_o constantius_n and_o our_o british_a king_n coel_n as_o our_o writer_n do_v as_o soon_o as_o coel_n hear_v that_o constantius_n be_v arrive_v he_o send_v ambassador_n desire_v peace_n and_o promise_v to_o pay_v the_o tribute_n so_o that_o he_o may_v enjoy_v his_o kingdom_n to_o which_o constantius_n agree_v this_o thus_o compose_v coel_n within_o 40._o day_n dye_v who_o daughter_n helen_n to_o who_o for_o beauty_n and_o loveliness_n knowledge_n in_o the_o liberal_a science_n and_o rare_a skill_n in_o music_n 1_o theoph._n ceram_fw-la in_o chron._n egbert_n albas_n servant_n 3._o the_o mere_a &_o manif_n catho_n fidei_fw-la berengosus_fw-la abbas_n l._n de_fw-fr in_o vent_n &_o laud._n s._n crucis_fw-la c._n 1_o britain_n never_o breed_v the_o like_a constantius_n take_v to_o wife_n by_o who_o he_o beget_v constantine_n who_o not_o only_o succeed_v his_o father_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o britain_n but_o also_o prevail_v against_o maxentius_n in_o the_o empire_n victor_n eutropius_n eusebius_n and_o other_o ancient_a author_n be_v witness_n that_o when_o dioclesian_n make_v constantius_n and_o galerius_n caesar_n he_o compel_v then_o to_o put_v away_o both_o their_o lawful_a wife_n constantius_n to_o put_v away_o st._n helen_n and_o to_o take_v theodore_n his_o daughter_n in_o law_n and_o galerius_n veleria_n his_o own_o daughter_n which_o account_n of_o they_o that_o st._n helen_n be_v thus_o put_v away_o in_o the_o year_n 294._o invincible_o prove_v how_o according_a to_o eusebius_n and_o many_o other_o before_o set_v down_o the_o age_n of_o constantine_n to_o have_v be_v about_o 60_o year_n that_o st._n helen_n have_v be_v the_o wife_n of_o constantius_n 20._o year_n severus_n sulpitius_n do_v not_o only_o call_v st._n helen_n the_o true_a wife_n of_o constantius_n but_o say_v she_o be_v empress_n both_o in_o her_o husband_n and_o son_n time_n which_o prove_v her_o daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o coel_n our_o british_a king_n by_o which_o title_n only_o she_o reign_v with_o constantine_n theophilus_n cepameus_n a_o old_a greek_a writer_n say_v there_o be_v arrian_n heretic_n and_o pagan_n which_o deny_v constantine_n to_o be_v legitimate_a and_o that_o the_o lie_v therein_o mentiuntur_fw-la egbertus_fw-la say_v she_o be_v queen_n and_o mother_n of_o constantine_n beringosus_fw-la a_o eyewitnesse_n of_o the_o most_o thing_n write_v of_o she_o say_v first_o she_o be_v a_o queen_n and_o so_o the_o lawful_a wife_n of_o constantius_n for_o a_o concubine_n of_o the_o great_a emperor_n that_o ever_o be_v be_v not_o thereby_o a_o queen_n as_o the_o author_n name_n she_o queen_n to_z rule_n to_o govern_v nor_o can_v the_o lawful_a true_a wife_n of_o king_n be_v term_v queen_n by_o such_o worth_a author_n except_o they_o be_v queen_n by_o title_n of_o inheritance_n or_o such_o like_a as_o our_o antiquary_n write_v of_o queen_n helen_n that_o she_o be_v daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o her_o father_n king_n coel_n this_o worthy_a author_n do_v also_o though_o a_o stranger_n to_o we_o confirm_v when_o he_o prove_v she_o be_v of_o most_o noble_a parentage_n and_o by_o experimental_a argument_n because_o he_o have_v see_v the_o old_a building_n of_o her_o stately_a palace_n continue_v to_o in_o his_o time_n the_o pavement_n whereof_o be_v marble_n and_o touchstone_n the_o most_o regal_a palace_n in_o all_o those_o part_n the_o wall_n be_v gild_v with_o old_a her_o chamber_n be_v so_o sumptuous_a that_o the_o like_a be_v not_o in_o the_o world_n britain_n stately_a building_n of_o st._n helen_n q._n of_o britain_n and_o to_o free_v she_o from_o all_o slander_n the_o chamber_n of_o her_o heart_n and_o soul_n be_v far_o more_o pure_a in_o all_o thing_n she_o be_v obedient_a to_o the_o will_n of_o god_n and_o yet_o external_o please_v to_o her_o husband_n constantius_n although_o more_o please_a to_o god_n then_o to_o her_o husband_n thus_o we_o see_v how_o far_o this_o most_o bless_a and_o noble_a queen_n and_o empress_n ibid._n bernigosus_fw-la ibid._n be_v in_o all_o time_n from_o be_v base_a either_o by_o birth_n or_o conversation_n such_o sanctify_v of_o life_n can_v never_o agree_v with_o that_o foul_a name_n by_o which_o some_o have_v so_o wrongful_o term_v she_o such_o parentage_n palace_n and_o revenue_n able_a to_o entertain_v the_o great_a prince_n according_a to_o their_o state_n and_o dignity_n must_v denominate_v their_o noble_a owner_n with_o better_a term_n and_o attribute_n the_o hostess_n innkeeper_n stabularia_fw-la except_o we_o will_v expound_v they_o in_o so_o large_a a_o sense_n that_o we_o shall_v so_o style_v abraham_n and_o lot_n that_o lodge_v the_o angel_n those_o that_o entertain_v christ_n all_o receiver_n of_o king_n prince_n and_o emperor_n and_o all_o harbourer_n or_o exerciser_n of_o hospitality_n for_o so_o both_o st._n helen_n and_o king_n coel_n entertain_v constantius_n the_o one_o a_o husband_n the_o other_o a_o son_n in_o law_n as_o prince_n use_v it_o seem_v this_o palace_n and_o land_n in_o and_o about_o trever_v to_o have_v descend_v to_o st._n helen_n by_o her_o mother_n or_o some_o ancestor_n of_o that_o country_n for_o both_o beringosus_n say_v st._n helen_n be_v bring_v up_o at_o trever_n and_o otho_fw-la frigensis_fw-la say_v she_o be_v by_o some_o of_o her_o ancestor_n come_v from_o thence_o and_o trever_v be_v at_o that_o time_n the_o most_o renown_a place_n of_o those_o country_n for_o nobility_n learning_n and_o christianity_n and_o she_o the_o only_a child_n of_o her_o father_n king_n coel_n and_o to_o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o britain_n he_o send_v she_o thither_o to_o have_v the_o most_o noble_a education_n and_o there_o it_o be_v probable_o where_o she_o first_o come_v to_o be_v acquaint_v with_o constantius_n then_o live_v in_o those_o part_n and_o this_o make_v the_o atonement_n between_o the_o roman_n and_o k._n coel_n to_o be_v so_o soon_o and_o peaceable_o effect_v without_o any_o effusion_n of_o blood_n as_o our_o antiquity_n tell_v we_o the_o marriage_n of_o constantius_n and_o helena_n be_v by_o what_o be_v say_v so_o clear_a that_o it_o be_v needless_a to_o speak_v any_o more_o of_o that_o subject_n i_o will_v only_o add_v this_o for_o the_o present_a the_o old_a inscription_n of_o the_o church_n of_o st._n gereon_o at_o cullen_n found_v by_o she_o prove_v she_o to_o be_v a_o queen_n and_o a_o example_n to_o king_n regibus_fw-la exemplum_fw-la sacroque_fw-la chrismate_fw-la plena_fw-la condidit_fw-la hoc_fw-la templum_fw-la sancti_fw-la gereonis_fw-la helena_n a_o pattern_n unto_o king_n this_o heavenly_a light_n st._n helen_n shine_v with_o all_o virtue_n bright_a in_o honour_n of_o st._n gereon_o here_o do_v raise_v this_o stately_a church_n to_o her_o eternal_a praise_n at_o the_o agreement_n betwixt_o constantius_n and_o coel_n beside_o pay_v the_o tribute_n virun_n galf._n mon._n h._n reg._n brit._n l._n 5._o c._n 6._o pont._n virun_n and_o coel_n to_o enjoy_v the_o kingdom_n during_o his_o natural_a life_n it_o be_v further_o agree_v that_o constantius_n shall_v take_v again_o his_o wife_n st._n helen_n daughter_n and_o she_o to_o king_n coel_n and_o by_o her_o right_n be_v king_n after_o the_o death_n of_o her_o father_n by_o which_o covenant_n and_o article_n agree_v upon_o and_o true_o execute_v as_o it_o be_v the_o first_o marriage_n between_o constantius_n and_o helen_n be_v even_o by_o roman_a pagan_a law_n themselves_o prove_v and_o declare_v to_o be_v true_a and_o lawful_a and_o the_o child_n therein_o beget_v legitimate_a and_o the_o take_n of_o theodora_n live_v with_o she_o and_o child_n by_o she_o to_o be_v adulterate_a and_o utter_o unallowable_a in_o any_o sense_n even_o by_o their_o own_o pagan_a constitution_n for_o although_o those_o pagan_a wicked_a decree_n do_v allow_v to_o the_o precedent_n of_o province_n which_o be_v unmarried_a without_o penalty_n to_o keep_v concubine_n profane_o think_v as_o some_o new_a seem_a christian_n have_v do_v that_o man_n unmarried_a can_v not_o live_v chaste_a yet_o they_o never_o permit_v it_o to_o marry_a praefect_n and_o precedent_n such_o as_o constantius_n be_v sever._n elius_n lamprid_n in_o alex._n sever._n as_o their_o own_o historian_n witness_v by_o which_o heathenish_a roman_a law_n helena_n be_v not_o only_o the_o concubine_n and_o no_o wife_n of_o constantius_n but_o a_o concubine_n prohibit_v
britain_n be_v imprison_v and_o edwal_n voel_n the_o son_n of_o anarawd_n and_o elise_n his_o brother_n be_v slay_v in_o a_o battle_n which_o they_o fight_v against_o the_o dane_n and_o englishman_n this_o edwal_n have_v six_o son_n meiric_a janaf_a or_o jenan_n jago_n which_o be_v james_n conan_n edwal_n vachan_n and_o roderick_n after_o who_o death_n howel_n dha_n his_o cousin_n german_n rule_v all_o wales_n during_o his_o life_n elise_n also_o have_v issue_n conan_n and_o a_o daughter_n name_v traw_v which_o be_v mother_n to_o conan_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n gruffith_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n and_o blethin_n ap_fw-mi covyn_n which_o two_o last_n be_v afterward_o prince_n of_o wales_n howel_n dha_n this_o howel_n dha_n king_n or_o prince_n of_o southwales_n and_o of_o powis_n long_o before_o this_o time_n after_o the_o death_n of_o edwal_n voel_n his_o cousin_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o rule_n and_o government_n of_o all_o wales_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 940._o who_o notwithstanding_o the_o son_n of_o edwal_n do_v something_o murmur_v against_o he_o be_v for_o his_o godly_a behaviour_n discreet_a and_o just_a rule_n belove_v of_o man_n this_o howel_n constitute_v and_o make_v law_n to_o be_v keep_v through_o his_o dominion_n which_o be_v use_v in_o wales_n till_o such_o time_n as_o the_o inhabitant_n receive_v the_o law_n of_o england_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o in_o some_o place_n thereof_o long_o after_o these_o law_n be_v to_o be_v see_v at_o this_o day_n both_o in_o welsh_a and_o latin_a howel_n dha_n perceive_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o his_o country_n to_o have_v grow_v unto_o great_a abuse_n send_v for_o the_o archbishop_n of_o menenia_n and_o all_o the_o other_o bishop_n and_o chief_a of_o the_o clergy_n prince_n a_o pious_a example_n for_o all_o prince_n to_o the_o number_n of_o one_o hundred_o and_o forty_o prelate_n and_o all_o the_o baron_n and_o noble_n of_o wales_n and_o cause_v six_o man_n of_o the_o wise_a and_o best_a esteem_v in_o every_o comote_v to_o be_v call_v before_o he_o who_o he_o command_v to_o meet_v altogether_o at_o his_o house_n call_v y_o tuy_n gwyn_n taf_n that_o be_v the_o white_a house_n upon_o the_o river_n taf._n thither_o he_o come_v himself_o and_o there_o remain_v with_o those_o his_o noble_n prelate_n and_o subject_n all_o the_o lend_v in_o prayer_n and_o fast_v crave_v the_o assistance_n and_o direction_n of_o god_n holy_a spirit_n that_o he_o may_v reform_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n of_o wales_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n and_o quiet_a government_n of_o the_o people_n about_o the_o end_n of_o lent_n he_o choose_v out_o of_o that_o company_n twelve_o man_n of_o the_o wise_a grave_a and_o of_o the_o great_a experience_n to_o who_o he_o add_v one_o clerk_n or_o doctor_n of_o the_o law_n name_v blegor_v a_o singular_a learned_a and_o perfect_a wise_a man_n these_o have_v in_o charge_n to_o examine_v the_o old_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o wales_n and_o to_o gather_v of_o such_o as_o be_v meet_v for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o country_n which_o they_o do_v retain_v those_o that_o be_v wholesome_a and_o profitable_a expound_v those_o that_o be_v doubtful_a and_o ambiguous_a and_o abrogate_a those_o that_o be_v superfluous_a and_o hurtful_a and_o so_o ordain_v three_o sort_n of_o law_n the_o first_o for_o order_v of_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n household_n and_o his_o court._n the_o second_o of_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o country_n and_o commonwealth_n the_o three_o of_o the_o special_a custom_n belong_v to_o particular_a place_n and_o person_n of_o all_o the_o which_o be_v read_v allow_v and_o proclaim_v he_o cause_v three_o several_a book_n to_o be_v write_v one_o for_o his_o daily_a use_n to_o follow_v his_o court_n a_o other_o to_o lie_v in_o his_o palace_n at_o abersfrew_n and_o the_o three_o at_o dinevour_v that_o all_o the_o three_o province_n of_o wales_n may_v have_v the_o use_n of_o the_o same_o when_o need_v require_v apostolic_a the_o king_n and_o prince_n of_o britain_n much_o observant_a of_o the_o see_v apostolic_a and_o for_o the_o better_a observation_n of_o these_o law_n he_o procure_v of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o st._n david_n to_o denounce_v sentence_n of_o excommunication_n against_o such_o of_o his_o subject_n as_o refuse_v to_o obey_v the_o same_o whithin_v a_o while_n after_o howel_n because_o he_o will_v omit_v nothing_o that_o can_v bring_v countenance_n and_o authority_n to_o his_o say_a law_n go_v to_o rome_n take_v with_o he_o the_o archbishop_n of_o st._n david_n the_o bishop_n of_o bangor_n and_o asaph_n and_o thirteen_o other_o of_o the_o learn_a and_o wise_a man_n in_o wales_n where_o the_o say_v law_n be_v recite_v before_o the_o pope_n be_v by_o his_o authority_n confirm_v then_o have_v finish_v his_o devote_a pilgrimage_n he_o return_v home_o again_o with_o his_o company_n 1._o by_o these_o law_n they_o may_v not_o mortgage_v their_o land_n but_o to_o one_o of_o the_o same_o family_n or_o kindred_n which_o be_v the_o eadem_fw-la parentela_n 2._o every_o tenant_n hold_v of_o any_o other_o than_o his_o prince_n or_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n pay_v a_o fine_a pro_fw-la defension_n regia_n which_o be_v call_v arian_n ardhel_n in_o latin_a advocarii_fw-la 3._o no_o legacy_n of_o good_n by_o will_n be_v good_a otherwise_o then_o those_o which_o be_v give_v to_o the_o church_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n or_o for_o payment_n of_o debt_n 4._o every_o man_n may_v destrain_v as_o well_o for_o debt_n as_o for_o rent_n of_o land_n any_o good_n or_o cattle_n save_v horse_n which_o be_v count_v to_o serve_v for_o a_o man_n necessary_a defence_n and_o be_v not_o destrainable_a without_o the_o prince_n licence_n 5._o cause_n of_o inheritance_n be_v not_o hear_v or_o determine_v but_o from_o the_o nine_o of_o november_n till_o the_o nine_o of_o february_n or_o from_o the_o nine_o of_o may_n until_o the_o nine_o of_o august_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o year_n be_v count_v a_o time_n of_o vacation_n for_o sow_v in_o the_o spring_n and_o reap_v in_o the_o harvest_n this_o also_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o all_o matter_n of_o inheritance_n of_o land_n be_v determine_v and_o adjudge_v by_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n in_o person_n or_o his_o special_a deputy_n if_o he_o be_v sick_a or_o impotent_a and_o that_o upon_o the_o view_n of_o the_o say_a land_n call_v unto_o he_o the_o freeholder_n of_o the_o same_o place_n two_o elder_n of_o his_o council_n the_o chief_a justice_n attend_v always_o in_o the_o court_n the_o ordinary_a judge_n of_o the_o country_n where_o the_o land_n lie_v and_o the_o priest_n the_o manner_n of_o their_o proceed_n be_v thus_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n sit_v in_o his_o judicial_a seat_n high_o than_o the_o rest_n with_o a_o elder_a on_o his_o right_a hand_n and_o a_o other_o on_o his_o left_a and_o the_o freeholder_n on_o both_o side_n next_o unto_o they_o which_o for_o this_o cause_n as_o i_o think_v be_v call_v vchelwyr_n before_o he_o direct_o a_o certain_a distance_n off_o and_o a_o little_o low_a sit_v the_o chief_a justice_n have_v the_o priest_n on_o his_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o ordinary_a judge_n of_o that_o country_n on_o the_o left_a the_o court_n be_v set_v the_o plaintiff_n come_v in_o with_o his_o advocate_n champion_n and_o rhyngyth_n and_o stand_v on_o the_o right_a side_n and_o last_o of_o all_o the_o witness_n on_o both_o party_n come_v which_o stand_v direct_o before_o the_o chief_a justice_n at_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o hall_n until_o they_o be_v call_v up_o to_o testify_v the_o truth_n of_o their_o knowledge_n in_o the_o matter_n in_o varitance_n the_o figure_n of_o which_o i_o think_v good_a here_o to_o lay_v down_o as_o you_o see_v underneath_o uchelwyr_n a_o elder_a the_o king_n a_o elder_a uchelwyr_n the_o priest_n the_o chief_a justice_n the_o judge_n the_o defendant_n  _fw-fr the_o plaintiff_n rhyngyth_n  _fw-fr rhyngyth_n advocate_n  _fw-fr advocate_n champion_n the_o witness_n champion_n after_o the_o hear_n of_o this_o book_n read_v the_o deposition_n of_o the_o witness_n and_o full_a plead_n of_o the_o cause_n in_o open_a court_n upon_o warn_v give_v by_o the_o rhyngyth_n the_o chief_a justice_n the_o priest_n and_o the_o ordinary_a judge_n withdraw_v themselves_o for_o a_o while_n to_o consult_v of_o the_o matter_n and_o then_o secundum_fw-la allegata_fw-la &_o probata_fw-la bring_v their_o verdict_n the_o court_n sit_v whereupon_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n after_o consultation_n have_v with_o the_o elder_n or_o senior_n which_o sit_v by_o he_o give_v definitive_a sentence_n except_o the_o matter_n be_v so_o obscure_a and_o intricate_a that_o right_a and_o truth_n appear_v not_o in_o the_o which_o case_n it_o be_v try_v by_o the_o two_o champion_n and_o so_o
take_v from_o his_o brother_n gruffith_n arust_o ceri_fw-la cyvelioc_fw-la wowthwy_fw-fr mochant_n and_o caerneon_n and_o let_v he_o only_o enjoy_v the_o cantref_o of_o lhynn_n this_o gruffith_n be_v the_o elder_a brother_n and_o a_o lusty_a gentleman_n but_o base_a bear_v this_o david_n son_n to_o lhewelyn_n do_v contrary_a to_o his_o oath_n take_v his_o brother_n gruffith_n be_v in_o in_o safe_a conduct_n with_o the_o bishop_n of_o bangor_n upon_o who_o promise_n he_o be_v content_a to_o speak_v with_o his_o brother_n and_o imprison_v he_o in_o the_o castle_n of_o crickieth_n the_o year_n 1240_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n the_o most_o valiant_a and_o noble_a prince_n who_o bring_v all_o wales_n to_o his_o subjection_n and_o have_v so_o often_o put_v his_o enemy_n to_o flight_n and_o defend_v his_o country_n enlarge_a the_o meers_n thereof_o further_o than_o they_o have_v be_v many_o year_n before_o pass_v out_o of_o this_o transitory_a life_n and_o be_v honourable_o bury_v at_o the_o abbey_n of_o conwey_n after_o he_o have_v govern_v wales_n well_o and_o worthy_o 56_o year_n this_o prince_n leave_v behind_o he_o one_o son_n call_v david_n beget_v upon_o his_o wife_n joan_n daughter_n of_o king_n john_n by_o who_o also_o he_o have_v a_o daughter_n call_v gladys_n marry_v to_o sr._n ralph_n mortimer_n 307._o mr._n mill_n fol._n 307._o mr._n powell_n call_v his_o other_o son_n gruffith_n base_a but_o mr._n mill_n say_v he_o be_v lawful_o beget_v and_o that_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi jorwerth_n marry_v tanglosta_n daughter_n of_o lhoirth_n ap_fw-mi brooi_fw-fr of_o anglessa_fw-mi to_o his_o first_o wife_n by_o who_o he_o have_v this_o gruffith_n s._n john_n dodridge_n knight_n late_o one_o of_o his_o majesty_n judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n say_v that_o the_o dominion_n of_o wales_n ever_o be_v hold_v in_o chief_a and_o in_o fee_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o the_o prince_n thereof_o be_v then_o of_o their_o own_o nation_n compellable_n upon_o summons_n to_o come_v and_o appear_v in_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n and_o upon_o their_o rebellion_n and_o disorder_n the_o king_n of_o england_n devise_v their_o scutagium_fw-la or_o escuage_z blow_n les_fw-fr ancient_a tenor_n fol._n 116._o com._n blow_n as_o it_o be_v call_v in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n that_o be_v to_o levy_v aid_n and_o assistance_n of_o their_o tenant_n in_o england_n which_o hold_v of_o they_o per_fw-mi ser_fw-mi vitium_fw-la militare_fw-la to_o suppress_v the_o disorder_a welsh_n tanquam_fw-la rebel_n &_o non_fw-la host_n as_o rebel_n and_o not_o as_o foreign_a enemy_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o king_n henry_n the_o 3d._o upon_o those_o often_o revolt_v of_o the_o welsh_a endeavour_v to_o resume_v the_o territory_n of_o wales_n as_o forfeit_v unto_o himself_o 3._o edw._n 1._o take_v upon_o he_o the_o name_n of_o p._n of_o wales_n record_n turris_n lond._n 29._o hen._n 3._o &_o confer_v the_o same_o upon_o edw._n longeshanks_n his_o heir_n apparent_a yet_o nevertheless_o rather_o in_o title_n than_o possession_n or_o upon_o any_o profit_n obtain_v thereby_o for_o the_o former_a prince_n of_o wales_n continue_v his_o government_n notwithstanding_o this_o between_o who_o and_o the_o say_v edward_n war_n be_v continue_v whereof_o when_o the_o say_v edward_n complain_v the_o say_a king_n make_v this_o answer_n as_o record_v matthew_n paris_n a_o cosmographer_n live_v in_o that_o time_n quid_fw-la ad_fw-la i_o terra_fw-la tua_fw-la est_fw-la ex_fw-la dono_fw-la meo_fw-la 1257._o matth._n paris_n anno_fw-la 1257._o exere_fw-la vires_fw-la primitivas_fw-la famam_fw-la excita_fw-la juvenilem_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr caetero_fw-la timeant_fw-la inimici_fw-la but_o the_o charter_n of_o this_o gift_n be_v not_o now_o ready_o to_o be_v find_v among_o the_o record_n for_o after_o this_o time_n it_o appear_v by_o the_o record_n of_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n that_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o othalon_n deacon_n cardinal_n of_o st._n andrews_n prima_fw-la patent_n 51._o hen._n 3._o pars_fw-la prima_fw-la a_o peace_n be_v then_o conclude_v between_o the_o then_o prince_n of_o that_o welsh_a blood_n and_o the_o say_a king_n henry_n the_o 3d._o which_o nevertheless_o as_o it_o seem_v continue_v not_o long_o for_o sundry_a battle_n be_v a_o fight_v between_o they_o viz._n edw._n of_o england_n and_o lhewelyn_n last_o prince_n of_o wales_n david_n the_o son_n of_o lhewelyn_n david_n to_o who_o all_o the_o baron_n in_o wales_n have_v make_v a_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n take_v the_o government_n of_o wales_n after_o his_o father_n who_o within_o a_o month_n after_o come_v to_o the_o king_n to_o gloucester_n and_o do_v he_o homage_n for_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n and_o also_o all_o the_o baron_n of_o wales_n do_v to_o the_o king_n homage_n for_o their_o land_n but_o forthwith_o the_o englishman_n begin_v to_o trouble_v the_o welsh_a after_o their_o accustom_a use_n for_o gilbert_n martial_n come_v with_o a_o army_n and_o fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o aberteini_n the_o year_n ensue_v the_o king_n come_v with_o a_o great_a army_n into_o wales_n and_o many_o noble_a man_n yield_v to_o he_o because_o they_o hate_v david_n betrayer_n of_o his_o brother_n and_o accurse_a by_o the_o pope_n or_o as_o paris_n say_v excommunicate_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o bangor_n thus_o he_o write_v when_o richard_n bishop_n of_o bangor_n see_v that_o david_n deal_v so_o hardly_o with_o his_o brother_n gruffith_n contrary_a to_o his_o faithful_a promise_n make_v unto_o the_o say_a bishop_n he_o excommunicate_v he_o and_o then_o withdraw_v himself_o out_o of_o wales_n make_v a_o grievous_a complaint_n to_o the_o king_n against_o david_n most_o instant_o request_v the_o king_n to_o deliver_v gruffith_n out_o of_o prison_n lest_o the_o rumour_n of_o that_o fact_n be_v notify_v in_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n and_o other_o country_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n shall_v be_v some_o stain_n of_o the_o king_n honour_n if_o he_o shall_v not_o withstand_v such_o outrageous_a and_o unlawful_a deal_n the_o king_n therefore_o great_o blame_v david_n his_o nephew_n for_o abuse_v his_o brother_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o he_o do_v request_v he_o with_o most_o pithy_a persuasion_n to_o set_v his_o brother_n at_o liberty_n as_o well_o for_o the_o preserve_n of_o his_o own_o credit_n and_o fame_n as_o also_o for_o the_o avoid_n of_o the_o excommunication_n and_o other_o eminent_a danger_n which_o may_v ensue_v of_o that_o matter_n to_o the_o which_o request_n of_o the_o king_n david_n answer_v plain_o that_o he_o will_v not_o deliver_v his_o brother_n out_o of_o prison_n affirm_v constant_o that_o if_o his_o brother_n be_v enlarge_v the_o country_n of_o wales_n will_v be_v in_o great_a disquietness_n whereof_o when_o gruffith_n be_v certify_v he_o send_v private_o to_o the_o king_n promise_v that_o if_o he_o will_v forcible_o deliver_v he_o out_o of_o his_o brother_n prison_n he_o will_v hold_v his_o land_n of_o he_o and_o pay_v he_o 200_o mark_n yearly_a offer_v not_o only_o to_o be_v swear_v upon_o this_o and_o deliver_v pledge_n for_o performance_n thereof_o but_o also_o to_o aid_v the_o king_n to_o bring_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o welshman_n under_o his_o subjection_n further_o gruffith_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n do_v assure_v the_o king_n of_o aid_n if_o he_o will_v come_v to_o wales_n with_o a_o army_n to_o chastise_v david_n for_o his_o falsehood_n and_o injury_n use_v towards_o his_o brother_n moreover_o the_o bishop_n of_o banger_n procure_v the_o land_n of_o david_n to_o be_v interdict_v hen._n 3._o be_v allure_v by_o these_o promise_n on_o gruffiths_n behalf_n levy_v a_o puissant_a army_n to_o go_v into_o wales_n straight_o command_v by_o his_o writ_n all_o such_o as_o ought_v he_o service_n in_o time_n of_o war_n to_o give_v attendance_n upon_o he_o ready_a with_o sword_n and_o armour_n at_o gloucester_n the_o first_o day_n of_o august_n follow_v to_o set_v forward_o against_o his_o enemy_n whether_o the_o king_n come_v at_o the_o day_n appoint_v and_o from_o thence_o go_v to_o salop_n and_o remain_v there_o 15_o day_n during_o the_o king_n abode_n at_o salop_n divers_a noble_a man_n be_v great_a suitor_n unto_o he_o in_o the_o behalf_n of_o gruffith_n as_o ralph_n lord_n mortimer_n of_o wigmore_n walter_n clifford_n roger_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr alto_fw-mi steward_n of_o chester_n maelgon_n the_o son_n of_o maelgon_n meredyth_n ap_fw-mi rotpert_n lord_n of_o cydewen_n gruffith_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n howell_n and_o meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o conan_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwyneth_n and_o gruffith_n the_o son_n of_o gwenwynwyn_n lord_n of_o powis_n these_o wrought_v so_o with_o the_o king_n that_o there_o be_v a_o league_n conclude_v between_o he_o and_o senena_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o say_v gruffith_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o her_o husband_n lie_v then_o in_o his_o brother_n prison_n according_a to_o the_o article_n comprise_v in_o this_o charter_n follow_v
be_v not_o able_a to_o retreat_v wales_n great_a scarcity_n in_o england_n for_o want_v of_o commerce_n with_o wales_n upon_o the_o sudden_a be_v almost_o all_o slay_v at_o this_o time_n there_o be_v great_a scarcity_n of_o beef_n and_o horse_n in_o england_n whereof_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o have_v many_o thousand_o yearly_a out_o of_o wales_n and_o all_o the_o march_n be_v make_v as_o a_o desolate_a and_o desert_a place_n the_o next_o spring_n all_o the_o noble_n of_o wales_n come_v together_o and_o swear_v to_o defend_v their_o country_n to_o death_n and_o never_o to_o forsake_v one_o another_o and_o that_o upon_o pain_n of_o curse_v but_o short_o after_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi rees_n of_o southwales_n wales_n a_o subsidy_n demand_v to_o conquer_v wales_n not_o regard_v his_o oath_n serve_v the_o king_n then_o the_o king_n call_v a_o parliament_n for_o a_o subsidy_n to_o wales_n when_o he_o have_v so_o many_o loss_n and_o of_o late_a all_o the_o country_n of_o pembrock_n burn_v and_o spoil_v where_o the_o welshman_n have_v find_v salt_n plentiful_o which_o they_o lack_v in_o the_o which_o parliament_n no_o subsidy_n be_v grant_v 1807._o mat._n paâ—is_n fol._n 1807._o short_o after_o the_o same_o parliament_n by_o propagation_n be_v call_v at_o oxford_n where_o the_o lord_n of_o wales_n offer_v to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o law_n for_o any_o offence_n they_o have_v commit_v against_o the_o king_n injust_o welsh_a to_o this_o patrick_n the_o lordship_n of_o cydwely_n be_v give_v if_o he_o can_v win_v it_o easy_a to_o give_v l_o â—ge_a thong_n out_o of_o another_o man_n hide_n trea_n hery_n revenge_v by_o the_o welsh_a but_o edward_n will_v not_o hear_v of_o it_o but_o send_v one_o patrick_n de_fw-fr canton_n as_o lieutenant_n for_o the_o king_n to_o caermarthyn_n and_o with_o he_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi rees_n and_o this_o patrick_n desire_v to_o speak_v upon_o peace_n with_o the_o prince_n council_n whereupon_o the_o prince_n mean_v good_a faith_n send_v his_o brother_n who_o he_o have_v set_v at_o liberty_n with_o meredyeh_n ap_fw-mi owen_n and_o rees_n ap_fw-mi rees_n to_o emlyn_n to_o treat_v with_o they_o of_o peace_n but_o patrick_n mean_v to_o entrap_v they_o lay_v a_o ambushment_n of_o man_n arm_v by_o the_o way_n and_o as_o they_o shall_v have_v meet_v these_o miscreant_n fall_v upon_o the_o welsh_a and_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o but_o the_o lord_n which_o escape_v raise_v the_o country_n forthwith_o and_o follow_v patrick_n and_o slay_v he_o and_o the_o most_o part_n of_o all_o his_o man_n and_o after_o this_o the_o prince_n desirous_a of_o peace_n and_o quietness_n to_o redeem_v the_o same_o and_o to_o end_v all_o trouble_n and_o to_o purchase_v the_o king_n good_a will_n offer_v the_o king_n 4000_o mark_n and_o to_o his_o son_n 300._o and_o to_o the_o queen_n 200._o to_o have_v peace_n but_o the_o king_n answer_v what_o be_v this_o to_o our_o loss_n and_o refuse_v it_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o record_n in_o the_o tower_n that_o about_o this_o time_n to_o wit_n an._n 43._o hen._n 3._o there_o be_v a_o commission_n to_o william_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n john_n mansel_n treasurer_n of_o york_n the_o king_n chaplain_n and_o peter_n de_fw-fr montfort_n to_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o welshman_n but_o it_o be_v like_o there_o be_v nothing_o do_v to_o any_o effect_n in_o that_o behalf_n for_o the_o war_n continue_v still_o notwithstanding_o i_o find_v by_o matthew_n westminster_n that_o there_o be_v a_o certain_a truce_n agree_v upon_o between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o welshman_n for_o a_o year_n i_o read_v also_o in_o the_o same_o author_n that_o the_o bishop_n of_o bangor_n be_v this_o year_n about_o michaelmas_n send_v from_o lhewelyn_n the_o prince_n and_o all_o the_o baron_n of_o wales_n to_o the_o king_n to_o desire_v peace_n at_o his_o hand_n and_o to_o offer_v unto_o he_o the_o sum_n of_o 16000_o pound_n for_o the_o same_o so_o that_o he_o will_v grant_v the_o welsh_a to_o have_v all_o 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of_o sr._n roger_n mortimer_n in_o melienyth_n and_o slay_v the_o garrison_n take_v howel_n ap_fw-mi meyric_n the_o captain_n thereof_o with_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n and_o the_o prince_n lieutenant_n come_v and_o destroy_v it_o then_o sr._n roger_n mortimer_n hear_v this_o come_v with_o a_o great_a strength_n of_o lord_n and_o knight_n to_o melienyth_n whether_o the_o prince_n come_v also_o and_o sr._n roger_n keep_v himself_o within_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o break_a castle_n and_o send_v to_o the_o prince_n for_o licence_n to_o depart_v without_o hurt_v the_o prince_n have_v his_o enemy_n within_o his_o power_n lhewelyn_n a_o most_o christian_a and_o heroic_a act_n of_o lhewelyn_n take_v compassion_n upon_o he_o because_o he_o be_v his_o cousin_n and_o suffer_v he_o to_o depart_v with_o his_o people_n without_o hurt_n from_o thence_o the_o prince_n go_v to_o brecknock_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o people_n of_o that_o country_n which_o swear_v fidelity_n unto_o he_o and_o so_o 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the_o altar_n we_o hope_v that_o your_o fatherhood_n and_o the_o say_a court_n of_o rome_n will_v rather_o with_o pity_n lament_v our_o case_n than_o with_o rigour_n of_o punishment_n augment_v our_o sorrow_n neither_o shall_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v in_o any_o wise_a disquiet_v or_o trouble_v by_o our_o mean_n as_o be_v affirm_v so_o that_o we_o may_v have_v the_o peace_n due_o keep_v and_o observe_v towards_o we_o and_o our_o people_n who_o they_o be_v that_o be_v delight_v with_o bloodshed_n and_o war_n be_v manifest_o apparent_a by_o their_o deed_n and_o behaviour_n for_o we_o will_v live_v quiet_o upon_o our_o own_o if_o we_o may_v be_v suffer_v but_o the_o englishman_n come_v to_o our_o country_n do_v put_v all_o to_o the_o sword_n neither_o spare_a sex_n age_n or_o sickness_n or_o any_o thing_n regard_v church_n or_o sacred_a place_n the_o like_a whereof_o the_o welshman_n never_o commit_v that_o one_o have_v pay_v his_o ransom_n be_v afterward_o slay_v we_o be_v right_o sorry_a to_o hear_v of_o it_o neither_o do_v we_o maintain_v the_o offender_n who_o escape_v our_o hand_n keep_v himself_o as_o a_o outlaw_n in_o the_o wood_n and_o unknown_a place_n that_o some_o begin_v the_o war_n in_o a_o time_n not_o meet_v or_o convenient_a that_o understand_v not_o we_o of_o till_o now_o and_o yet_o they_o who_o do_v the_o same_o do_v affirm_v that_o in_o case_n they_o have_v not_o do_v as_o they_o do_v at_o that_o time_n they_o have_v be_v slay_v or_o take_v prisoner_n be_v not_o in_o safety_n in_o their_o own_o house_n and_o force_v continual_o for_o safeguard_n of_o their_o life_n to_o keep_v themselves_o in_o armour_n and_o therefore_o to_o deliver_v themselves_o from_o that_o fear_n they_o take_v that_o enterprise_n in_o hand_n concern_v those_o thing_n which_o we_o commit_v against_o god_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o grace_n lhewelyn_n a_o true_a christian_a resolution_n in_o lhewelyn_n we_o will_v as_o it_o become_v christian_n repent_v 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of_o the_o wrong_n &_o injury_n which_o be_v do_v unto_o we_o contrary_a to_o that_o form_n of_o the_o peace_n before_o make_v we_o have_v put_v ourselves_o in_o armour_n be_v drive_v thereunto_o by_o necessity_n for_o we_o and_o our_o people_n be_v so_o oppress_v tread_v under_o foot_n spoil_v and_o bring_v to_o slavery_n by_o the_o king_n officer_n contrary_a to_o the_o form_n of_o peace_n conclude_v against_o justice_n none_o otherwise_o then_o if_o we_o be_v saracen_n or_o jew_n whereof_o we_o have_v oftentimes_o complain_v unto_o the_o king_n and_o never_o can_v get_v any_o redress_n but_o always_o those_o officer_n be_v afterward_o more_o fierce_a and_o cruel_a against_o we_o and_o when_o those_o officer_n through_o their_o ravine_n and_o extortion_n be_v enrich_v other_o more_o hungry_a than_o they_o be_v send_v afresh_o to_o flay_v those_o who_o the_o other_o have_v shear_v before_o so_o that_o the_o people_n wish_v rather_o to_o die_v than_o to_o live_v in_o such_o oppression_n and_o now_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v needful_a to_o levy_v any_o army_n to_o war_n upon_o we_o or_o move_v the_o prelate_n of_o the_o church_n against_o we_o so_o that_o the_o peace_n may_v be_v observe_v due_o and_o true_o as_o before_o be_v express_v neither_o ought_v your_o holy_a fatherhood_n to_o give_v credit_n to_o all_o that_o our_o adversary_n do_v allege_v against_o we_o for_o even_o as_o in_o their_o deed_n they_o have_v and_o do_v oppress_v we_o so_o in_o their_o word_n they_o will_v not_o stick_v to_o slander_v we_o lay_v to_o our_o charge_n what_o like_v they_o best_o therefore_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v always_o present_a with_o you_o and_o we_o absent_a from_o you_o they_o oppress_v we_o oppress_v we_o be_v to_o desire_v you_o even_o for_o his_o sake_n from_o who_o nothing_o be_v hide_v not_o to_o credit_v man_n word_n but_o to_o examine_v their_o deed_n thus_o we_o bid_v your_o holiness_n farewell_o date_v at_o garth_n celyn_n in_o the_o feast_n of_o saint_n martin_n certain_a grief_n send_v from_o lhewelyn_n to_o the_o archbishop_n translate_v word_n by_o word_n out_o of_o the_o record_n of_o the_o say_a archbishop_n where_o that_o it_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o form_n of_o peace_n conclude_v as_o follow_v 1._o if_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n will_v claim_v any_o right_n in_o any_o land_n occupy_v by_o any_o other_o then_o by_o the_o lord_n the_o king_n without_o the_o say_v 4_o cantress_n the_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n shall_v do_v he_o full_a justice_n according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o those_o quarter_n or_o part_n where_o the_o say_v land_n do_v lie_v which_o article_n be_v not_o observe_v in_o the_o land_n of_o frust_o and_o betwixt_o the_o water_n of_o dyni_n and_o dulas_n for_o that_o when_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n claim_v the_o say_v land_n before_o the_o lord_n the_o king_n at_o ruthlan_n and_o the_o king_n grant_v he_o the_o cause_n to_o be_v examine_v according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o wales_n 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accusation_n against_o the_o man_n of_o tegengl_n and_o ros_n for_o trespass_n do_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n when_o they_o bare_a rule_n in_o those_o part_n whereby_o the_o say_v man_n dare_v not_o for_o fear_n keep_v their_o own_o house_n 3._o whereas_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o rees_n vachan_n ap_fw-mi rees_n ap_fw-mi maelgon_fw-mi shall_v enjoy_v his_o possession_n with_o all_o the_o land_n which_o he_o now_o hold_v etc._n etc._n after_o the_o peace_n conclude_v he_o be_v spoil_v of_o his_o land_n in_o geneurglyn_n which_o he_o then_o hold_v with_o the_o man_n and_o cattle_n of_o the_o same_o 4._o also_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n grant_v that_o all_o tenant_n hold_v land_n in_o the_o 4_o cantref_n or_o in_o other_o place_n which_o the_o king_n hold_v in_o
say_a justice_n have_v no_o jurisdiction_n in_o those_o patt_n and_o not_o be_v content_v to_o get_v timber_n there_o for_o building_n as_o well_o of_o ruthlan_n as_o of_o other_o place_n but_o also_o destroy_v the_o same_o wood_n sell_v it_o and_o carry_v it_o into_o ireland_n 4._o item_n where_o the_o say_v david_n take_v certain_a outlaw_n and_o rover_n in_o the_o wood_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v hang_v yet_o the_o say_a justice_n accuse_v david_n to_o the_o king_n for_o succour_v and_o maintain_v the_o thief_n aforesaid_a which_o be_v not_o like_a to_o be_v true_a see_v he_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v hang_v 5._o item_n it_o be_v provide_v in_o the_o peace_n that_o all_o the_o welshman_n and_o their_o cause_n shall_v be_v judge_v after_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n this_o be_v in_o no_o point_n observe_v with_o the_o say_v david_n and_o his_o people_n of_o these_o aforesaid_a grief_n the_o say_v david_n require_v often_o amends_o either_o according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n 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to_o observe_v the_o say_v article_n this_o notwithstanding_o a_o certain_a nobleman_n pass_v by_o the_o king_n high_a way_n with_o his_o wife_n in_o the_o king_n peace_n meet_v certain_a english_a labourer_n and_o mason_n go_v to_o ruthlan_n where_o they_o do_v then_o work_n welsh_a a_o notorious_a ouragious_a murder_n and_o injustice_n commit_v against_o the_o welsh_a who_o attempt_v by_o force_n to_o take_v away_o his_o wife_n from_o he_o and_o while_o he_o defend_v she_o as_o well_o as_o he_o can_v one_o of_o they_o kill_v his_o wife_n and_o he_o who_o kill_v she_o with_o his_o follower_n be_v take_v and_o when_o the_o kindred_n of_o she_o who_o be_v slay_v require_v law_n at_o the_o justice_n of_o chester_n hand_n for_o their_o kinswoman_n they_o be_v put_v in_o prison_n and_o the_o murderer_n deliver_v 3._o item_n a_o certain_a man_n kill_v a_o gentleman_n who_o have_v kill_v the_o son_n of_o grono_n ap_fw-mi heilyn_n and_o be_v take_v but_o when_o certain_a of_o the_o kindred_n require_v justice_n before_o the_o justice_n of_o chester_n certain_a of_o they_o be_v imprison_v and_o the_o offender_n set_v at_o liberty_n and_o justice_n deny_v to_o the_o kindred_n oppress_a a_o profitable_a judge_n to_o himself_o but_o unjust_a to_o the_o oppress_a 4._o item_n certain_a gentleman_n claim_v some_o land_n and_o offer_v the_o king_n a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o have_v justice_n by_o the_o verdict_n of_o good_a and_o lawful_a man_n of_o the_o country_n than_o the_o land_n be_v adjudge_v to_o the_o claimer_n reginald_n grey_n take_v the_o same_o land_n corn_n good_n and_o all_o upon_o the_o ground_n so_o that_o they_o lose_v their_o land_n money_n corn_n and_o cattle_n 5._o item_n it_o be_v our_o right_n that_o no_o stranger_n shall_v cut_v our_o wood_n without_o our_o leave_n yet_o this_o notwithstanding_o case_n a_o hard_a case_n there_o be_v a_o proclamation_n at_o ruthlan_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o all_o other_o man_n to_o cut_v down_o our_o wood_n but_o to_o we_o it_o be_v forbid_v 6._o item_n where_o divers_a honest_a man_n have_v land_n of_o the_o gift_n of_o the_o say_v david_n the_o justice_n take_v the_o say_a man_n land_n away_o jewish_a a_o slavery_n worse_o than_o jewish_a 7._o item_n when_o any_o come_v to_o ruthlan_n with_o merchandise_n if_o he_o refuse_v whatsoever_o any_o englishman_n offer_v he_o be_v forthwith_o send_v to_o the_o castle_n to_o prison_n and_o the_o buyer_n have_v the_o thing_n and_o the_o king_n have_v the_o price_n then_o the_o soldier_n of_o the_o castle_n first_o spoil_n and_o beat_v the_o party_n and_o then_o cause_v he_o to_o pay_v the_o porter_n and_o let_v he_o go_v 8._o item_n if_o any_o welshman_n buy_v any_o thing_n in_o ruthland_n and_o any_o englishman_n do_v meet_v he_o he_o will_v take_v it_o from_o he_o and_o give_v he_o less_o than_o he_o pay_v for_o it_o 9_o item_n the_o king_n contrary_a to_o his_o promise_n make_v to_o the_o man_n of_o ros_n have_v give_v the_o territory_n of_o maynan_n penmayn_n and_o lhysuayn_n 10._o item_n certain_a gentleman_n of_o the_o cantref_o of_o ros_n buy_v certain_a office_n and_o pay_v their_o money_n for_o the_o same_o yet_o the_o justice_n of_o chester_n take_v the_o say_v office_n from_o they_o without_o cause_n 11._o item_n grono_fw-it ap_fw-mi heilyn_n take_v to_o farm_n of_o godfrey_n marliney_n the_o territory_n of_o maynan_n and_o lhysuayn_n for_o the_o term_n of_o four_o year_n yet_o robert_n de_fw-fr cruquer_n with_o horse_n and_o arm_n and_o 24_o horseman_n come_v to_o vex_v the_o say_a grono_n so_o that_o he_o have_v no_o safe_a go_v neither_o to_o ruthlan_n nor_o chester_n without_o a_o great_a guard_n of_o his_o kindred_n and_o friend_n 12._o item_n certain_a gentleman_n be_v arrest_v for_o trespass_n do_v before_o the_o war_n and_o imprison_v and_o can_v not_o be_v deliver_v until_o they_o have_v pay_v 16_o mark_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o peace_n conclude_v 13._o item_n our_o cause_n ought_v to_o be_v decide_v after_o the_o custom_n of_o our_o law_n but_o our_o man_n be_v compel_v to_o swear_v against_o their_o conscience_n else_o they_o be_v not_o suffer_v to_o swear_v furthermore_o we_o spend_v 300_o mark_n in_o go_v to_o the_o king_n for_o justice_n in_o the_o aforesaid_a article_n welsh_a sr._n reginald_n gâ—ey_n a_o cruel_a tyrant_n over_o the_o welsh_a and_o when_o we_o believe_v to_o recover_v full_a justice_n the_o king_n send_v to_o our_o party_n the_o lord_n reginald_n grey_n to_o who_o the_o king_n have_v set_v all_o the_o land_n to_z farm_z to_o handle_v the_o man_n of_o the_o say_v cantref_o as_o it_o please_v he_o who_o compel_v we_o to_o king_n to_o to_o swear_v by_o his_o hand_n whereas_o we_o shall_v swear_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n swear_v in_o his_o name_n whereas_o we_o shall_v swear_v in_o the_o king_n name_n and_o where_o the_o king_n cross_n ought_v to_o be_v erect_v he_o cause_v his_o cross_n to_o be_v erect_v in_o token_n that_o he_o be_v the_o very_a true_a lord_n and_o the_o say_v reginald_n at_o his_o first_o come_v to_o those_o part_n of_o wales_n sell_v to_o certain_a servant_n of_o the_o king_n office_n for_o 60_o mark_n which_o the_o say_v servant_n buy_v before_o of_o the_o king_n for_o 24_o mark_v which_o office_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v sell_v at_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o lord_n 14._o item_n the_o king_n give_v meredyth_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n a_o captainship_n for_o his_o service_n reginald_n grey_n take_v it_o from_o he_o neither_o can_v he_o get_v any_o remedy_n at_o the_o king_n hand_n for_o the_o same_o 15._o item_n one_o of_o the_o council_n of_o the_o say_v reginald_n cynwric_n vachan_n tell_v we_o by_o mouth_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o
say_v reginald_n grey_n return_v into_o wales_n he_o will_v take_v 24_o man_n of_o every_o cantref_n and_o either_o behead_v they_o or_o imprison_v they_o perpetual_o 16._o item_n whereas_o we_o pay_v our_o tax_n and_o rent_n in_o old_a money_n half_a year_n before_o the_o come_n of_o new_a money_n they_o enforce_v we_o to_o pay_v new_a money_n for_o the_o old_a these_o grief_n and_o the_o like_o the_o say_v reginald_n offer_v we_o and_o threaten_v that_o if_o we_o will_v send_v any_o to_o the_o king_n to_o complain_v he_o will_v behead_v they_o and_o when_o we_o send_v any_o to_o the_o king_n they_o can_v never_o speak_v with_o the_o king_n but_o spend_v we_o much_o money_n in_o vain_a for_o which_o grief_n we_o believe_v ourselves_o free_a before_o god_n from_o the_o oath_n we_o have_v make_v to_o the_o king_n these_o grief_n follow_v the_o king_n and_o his_o justice_n offer_v to_o rees_n vachan_n of_o stratywy_n 1._o after_o that_o the_o say_v rees_n give_v the_o king_n his_o castle_n of_o dynevowr_n since_o the_o last_o peace_n the_o say_a rees_n then_o be_v in_o the_o tent_n of_o the_o lord_n payne_n de_fw-fr gadersey_n at_o the_o same_o time_n there_o be_v slay_v six_o gentleman_n of_o the_o say_v rees_n his_o man_n for_o who_o they_o never_o have_v amends_o which_o be_v to_o he_o great_a grief_n and_o loss_n 2._o item_n john_n gifford_n claim_v the_o say_a rees_n his_o inheritance_n at_o hiruryn_n and_o the_o say_v rees_n request_v the_o law_n of_o his_o country_n of_o the_o king_n or_o the_o law_n of_o the_o country_n of_o caermarthen_n in_o the_o which_o country_n the_o ancestor_n of_o the_o say_v rees_n be_v wont_a to_o have_v law_n when_o they_o be_v of_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o englishman_n and_o under_o their_o regiment_n but_o the_o say_v rees_n can_v have_v no_o law_n but_o lose_v all_o his_o land_n they_o will_v have_v have_v he_o to_o answer_v in_o the_o county_n of_o hereford_n where_o none_o of_o his_o ancestor_n ever_o answer_v further_o in_o the_o land_n of_o the_o say_v rees_n be_v such_o enormity_n commit_v which_o do_v most_o appertain_v to_o the_o state_n ecclesiastical_a that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o the_o church_n of_o st_n david_n which_o they_o call_v lhangadoc_n english_a grievous_a sacrilege_n commit_v by_o the_o english_a they_o make_v stable_n and_o play_v the_o harlot_n and_o take_v away_o all_o the_o good_n of_o the_o say_a church_n and_o burn_v all_o the_o house_n wound_v the_o priest_n of_o the_o say_a church_n before_o the_o high_a altar_n and_o leave_v he_o there_o as_o dead_a 3._o item_n in_o the_o say_a country_n they_o spoil_v and_o burn_v the_o church_n of_o dyngad_n lhantredaff_n and_o other_o church_n in_o other_o part_n they_o spoil_v their_o chalice_n book_n and_o all_o other_o ornament_n these_o be_v the_o grief_n which_o the_o king_n and_o his_o justice_n give_v to_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi rees_n and_o howell_n ap_fw-mi rees_n after_o that_o a_o form_n of_o peace_n be_v conclude_v betwixt_o henry_n then_o king_n of_o england_n and_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n the_o say_a king_n grant_v and_o confirm_v by_o his_o charter_n to_o the_o say_a prince_n the_o homage_n of_o the_o say_a nobleman_n so_o long_o as_o they_o stand_v friend_n with_o the_o prince_n according_a to_o the_o say_a gift_n and_o confirmation_n but_o edward_n now_o king_n disinherit_v the_o say_v gentleman_n of_o their_o land_n so_o that_o they_o can_v not_o have_v their_o own_o land_n neither_o by_o law_n nor_o by_o favour_n these_o be_v the_o grief_n do_v by_o the_o englishman_n to_o the_o son_n of_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n 1._o after_o that_o the_o king_n have_v grant_v the_o gentleman_n their_o own_o inheritance_n of_o geneurglyn_n and_o creuthyn_n he_o contrary_a to_o the_o peace_n disinherit_v the_o say_v gentleman_n deny_v they_o all_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o wales_n and_o of_o the_o county_n of_o caermarthyn_n 2._o the_o say_a king_n in_o his_o county_n of_o caerdigan_n by_o his_o justice_n compel_v the_o say_v gentleman_n to_o give_v judgement_n upon_o themselves_o where_o their_o predecessor_n never_o suffer_v the_o like_a of_o englishman_n 3._o the_o say_v justice_n of_o the_o king_n have_v take_v away_o the_o court_n of_o the_o nobleman_n in_o wales_n and_o compel_v the_o people_n to_o satisfy_v before_o they_o for_o trespass_n when_o as_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v satisfy_v by_o the_o say_a noble_n 4._o when_o a_o wrack_n happen_v upon_o any_o of_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o nobleman_n who_o ancestor_n have_v the_o wrack_n they_o shall_v have_v the_o same_o yet_o the_o king_n forbid_v they_o and_o the_o say_a king_n by_o colour_n of_o that_o shipwreck_n contrary_a to_o their_o custom_n and_o law_n do_v condemn_v they_o in_o eight_o mark_n and_o take_v away_o all_o the_o good_n of_o the_o shipwreck_n the_o complaint_n of_o the_o nobleman_n of_o strattalyn_n of_o the_o wrong_n and_o grief_n do_v to_o they_o by_o roger_n clifford_n and_o roger_n scrochill_n deputy_n to_o the_o say_v roger_n clifford_n contrary_a to_o the_o privilege_n justice_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o say_a nobleman_n as_o they_o say_v and_o prove_v 1._o when_o the_o say_v roger_n compel_v the_o say_v man_n of_o strattalyn_n to_o give_v they_o to_o have_v their_o custom_n and_o privilege_n 20_o mark_n starling_n and_o after_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o money_n they_o break_v by_o and_o by_o after_o this_o sort_n to_o put_v upon_o 12_o man_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n which_o be_v never_o the_o manner_n or_o custom_n of_o the_o say_a country_n 2._o item_n madoc_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n be_v condemn_v in_o 4_o mark_n unjust_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o use_n of_o the_o country_n 3._o item_n grono_n goch_n be_v likewise_o condemn_v 5_o mark_n and_o 12_o beast_n contrary_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o his_o country_n venison_n dear_a venison_n 4._o item_n the_o say_v roger_n take_v the_o land_n of_o the_o man_n of_o the_o country_n as_o forfeit_v and_o for_o one_o foot_n of_o a_o stagg_n find_v in_o a_o dog_n mouth_n three_o man_n be_v spoil_v of_o all_o they_o have_v 5._o item_n itlhel_n ap_fw-mi gwysty_a be_v condemn_v in_o a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n for_o the_o fact_n of_o his_o father_n do_v 40_o year_n before_o 6._o item_n the_o say_v rogers_n lay_v upon_o we_o the_o find_n of_o all_o the_o english_a soldier_n where_o as_o before_o there_o be_v but_o one_o half_a 7._o item_n we_o be_v give_v to_o mr._n maurice_n de_fw-fr cruny_n and_o be_v sell_v to_o roger_n clifford_n which_o be_v never_o see_v in_o our_o parent_n time_n 8._o item_n the_o widow_n of_o robert_n of_o the_o mould_n ask_v of_o the_o king_n the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o land_n in_o the_o mould_n in_o ward_n whereas_o it_o be_v judge_v before_o the_o king_n that_o the_o say_v land_n be_v never_o give_v in_o ward_n these_o be_v the_o article_n of_o grief_n do_v to_o the_o man_n of_o penlhyn_n by_o the_o constable_n of_o henry_n chamber_n of_o the_o white_a abbey_n and_o his_o man_n 1._o cynwric_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n be_v spoil_v by_o they_o in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n of_o 8_o pound_n 4_o ox_n corn_n the_o work_n of_o one_o plough_n for_o two_o year_n and_o to_o the_o value_n of_o 3_o pound_n of_o 3_o of_o his_o man_n and_o they_o have_v the_o worth_n of_o 16_o pound_n for_o the_o say_v 8_o pound_n and_o do_v beat_v he_o beside_o which_o be_v more_o wrong_a for_o than_o he_o be_v the_o prince_n constable_n at_o penlhyn_n and_o all_o the_o cause_n that_o they_o pretend_v to_o make_v this_o spoil_n be_v only_o that_o they_o say_v they_o have_v find_v 24_o sheaf_n of_o tithe_n in_o the_o house_n of_o a_o servant_n of_o the_o say_a cynwric_n 2._o item_n adam_n criwr_n be_v condemn_v in_o 8_o s._n 8_o d._n and_o a_o mare_n price_n 20_o s._n and_o be_v take_v and_o beat_v for_o that_o he_o have_v take_v the_o stealer_n of_o that_o mare_n and_o bring_v he_o bind_v with_o he_o the_o which_o thief_n be_v forthwith_o deliver_v 3._o item_n jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi gurgenen_n be_v condemn_v in_o 4_o l._n for_o that_o he_o have_v escape_v out_o of_o their_o prison_n in_o time_n of_o the_o war_n and_o be_v find_v in_o the_o same_o town_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o this_o be_v direct_o against_o the_o peace_n conclude_v betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prince_n 4._o item_n cadua_n dhu_n servant_n to_o the_o constable_n of_o penlhyn_n be_v condemn_v because_o he_o will_v not_o receive_v the_o old_a money_n for_o new_a 5._o item_n gruffith_n ap_fw-mi grono_n the_o prince_n man_n be_v spoil_v of_o a_o ox_n price_n 11_o s._n 8_o d._n and_o after_o that_o the_o constable_n have_v plough_v with_o the_o say_a ox_n 7_o month_n he_o pay_v to_o the_o say_v gruffith_n
for_o the_o say_a ox_n 3_o s._n 4_o d._n 6._o item_n two_o servant_n of_o one_o name_v ybongan_n be_v spoil_v of_o 2_o l._n for_o that_o they_o take_v a_o thief_n that_o rob_v they_o by_o night_n and_o yet_o the_o thief_n be_v deliver_v 7._o item_n eneon_n ap_fw-mi ithel_n be_v take_v beat_v and_o spoil_v of_o two_o ox_n price_n 24_o s._n and_o 2_o d._n for_o this_o cause_n only_o that_o the_o say_a ox_n go_v from_o one_o street_n to_o another_o in_o the_o town_n 8._o item_n guyan_n maystran_n be_v spoil_v of_o his_o money_n because_o a_o certain_a merchant_n of_o ardudwy_n owe_v they_o certain_a thing_n and_o yet_o the_o say_a merchant_n be_v not_o of_o their_o baliwicke_n the_o grief_n of_o grono_n ap_fw-mi heilyn_n 1_o a_o tenant_n of_o grono_n ap_fw-mi heilyn_n be_v call_v to_o the_o king_n court_n without_o any_o cause_n then_o grono_n come_v at_o the_o day_n appoint_v to_o defend_v his_o tenant_n and_o demand_v justice_n for_o he_o or_o the_o law_n which_o the_o man_n of_o his_o country_n do_v use_v all_o this_o be_v deny_v the_o say_a tenant_n be_v condemn_v in_o 27_o l._n 1_o d._n ob_fw-la which_o cause_v the_o say_a grono_n to_o go_v to_o london_n for_o justice_n which_o be_v promise_v he_o but_o he_o can_v never_o have_v any_o where_o he_o spend_v in_o his_o journey_n 15_o mark_n 2._o a_o certain_a gentleman_n be_v slay_v who_o have_v foster_v the_o son_n of_o grono_n ap_fw-mi heilyn_n and_o he_o that_o kill_v he_o be_v take_v and_o bring_v to_o ruthlan_n castle_n then_o the_o say_v grono_n and_o the_o kindred_n of_o he_o that_o be_v slay_v ask_v justice_n but_o some_o of_o they_o be_v imprison_v and_o the_o killer_n discharge_v then_o grono_n go_v again_o to_o london_n for_o justice_n which_o the_o king_n do_v promise_v he_o but_o he_o never_o have_v any_o but_o spend_v 20_o mark_n 3._o the_o three_o time_n grono_n be_v fain_o to_o go_v to_o london_n for_o justice_n in_o the_o premise_n where_o he_o spend_v 18_o mark_n 6_o s._n 6_o d._n and_o then_o likewise_o the_o king_n promise_v he_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v justice_n but_o when_o he_o certain_o believe_v to_o have_v justice_n reginald_n grey_n come_v into_o the_o country_n and_o say_v open_o that_o he_o have_v all_o do_n in_o that_o country_n by_o the_o king_n charter_n and_o take_v away_o all_o the_o baliwike_n which_o the_o king_n have_v give_v to_o the_o say_v grono_n and_o sell_v they_o at_o his_o pleasure_n then_o the_o say_v grono_n ask_v justice_n of_o the_o say_v reginald_n but_o he_o can_v not_o be_v hear_v 4._o the_o say_v grono_n take_v to_o farm_n for_o 4_o year_n of_o godfrey_n marliney_n maynan_n and_o lhyffayn_n then_o robert_n cruquer_n come_v with_o his_o horse_n and_o arm_n to_o get_v the_o say_a land_n by_o force_n and_o for_o that_o grono_n will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o have_v the_o say_v land_n before_o his_o year_n be_v out_o he_o be_v call_v to_o the_o law_n and_o then_o the_o say_v reginald_n grey_n come_v with_o 24_o horse_n to_o take_v the_o say_v grono_n and_o for_o that_o that_o day_n they_o can_v not_o have_v their_o purpose_n they_o call_v grono_n the_o next_o day_n to_o ruthlan_n and_o than_o grono_n have_v council_n not_o to_o go_v to_o ruthlan_n then_o they_o call_v he_o again_o to_o answer_v at_o caerwys_n but_o the_o say_v grono_n dare_v not_o go_v thither_o but_o by_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n for_o that_o reginald_n grey_n be_v there_o and_o his_o man_n in_o harness_n 5._o for_o these_o grief_n for_o the_o which_o he_o can_v get_v no_o justice_n but_o labour_n and_o expense_n of_o 54_o mark_n and_o more_o and_o for_o that_o he_o dare_v not_o in_o his_o own_o person_n go_v to_o the_o court_n he_o send_v letter_n one_o to_o the_o king_n another_z to_o his_o brother_n lhewelyn_n to_o signify_v to_o the_o king_n that_o he_o shall_v lose_v all_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o country_n if_o he_o keep_v no_o promise_n with_o they_o and_o so_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v because_o the_o man_n of_o ros_n and_o englefield_n can_v get_v no_o justice_n the_o king_n neglect_v the_o correction_n of_o these_o thing_n lose_v the_o whole_a country_n humble_o show_v to_o your_o holiness_n lord_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n primate_n of_o england_n the_o nobleman_n of_o tegengl_n that_o when_o the_o say_v nobleman_n do_v their_o homage_n to_o the_o lord_n edward_n king_n of_o england_n the_o say_a king_n promise_v they_o to_o defend_v they_o and_o their_o good_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v use_v all_o kind_n of_o right_n privilege_n and_o jurisdiction_n which_o they_o do_v use_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n by_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o say_a king_n whereof_o they_o be_v after_o spoil_v first_o they_o be_v spoil_v of_o their_o right_n and_o privilege_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n and_o be_v compel_v to_o be_v judge_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n whereas_o the_o tenure_n of_o that_o their_o privilege_n be_v to_o be_v judge_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n at_o tref_n edwin_n at_o ruthlan_n and_o at_o caerwys_n and_o the_o best_a man_n of_o the_o country_n be_v take_v because_o they_o desire_v to_o be_v judge_v at_o tref_n edwin_n according_a to_o the_o tenure_n of_o their_o privilege_n by_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n 2._o whatsoever_o one_o justice_n do_v his_o successor_n do_v reverse_v the_o same_o for_o in_o david_n case_n reginald_n grey_n revoke_v that_o which_o his_o predecessor_n confirm_v and_o allow_v 3._o if_o he_o do_v take_v any_o gentleman_n of_o that_o country_n he_o will_v not_o let_v he_o go_v upon_o security_n which_o he_o ought_v to_o do_v 4._o if_o any_o gentleman_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o flint_n upon_o a_o small_a accusation_n and_o his_o cattle_n withal_o they_o can_v neither_o be_v deliver_v or_o have_v delay_n until_o they_o give_v the_o constable_n a_o ox_n and_o until_o they_o pay_v 3_o l._n fee_n to_o cynwrick_fw-ge for_o have_v of_o the_o delay_n 5._o reginald_n grey_n give_v the_o land_n of_o the_o man_n of_o merton_n to_o the_o abbot_n and_o covent_n of_o basingwerk_n against_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o form_n of_o peace_n betwixt_o lhewelyn_n and_o the_o king_n that_o be_v to_o say_v 16_o caratatas_fw-la terrae_fw-la 6._o the_o noble_a and_o best_a of_o the_o country_n be_v injure_v for_o that_o the_o king_n build_v the_o castle_n of_o flint_n upon_o their_o ground_n and_o the_o king_n command_v the_o justice_n to_o give_v the_o man_n as_o much_o good_a ground_n or_o the_o price_n but_o they_o be_v spoil_v of_o their_o land_n and_o have_v neither_o other_o land_n nor_o their_o money_n 7._o reginald_n grey_n will_v not_o suffer_v man_n to_o cut_v their_o own_o wood_n until_o he_o have_v both_o money_n and_o reward_n and_o until_o they_o pay_v for_o it_o also_o but_o permit_v other_o to_o cut_v it_o down_o free_o which_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o do_v by_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o wales_n 8._o when_o the_o man_n of_o cyrchynan_n covenant_n with_o the_o king_n to_o give_v the_o king_n half_o a_o meadow_n upon_o condition_n the_o king_n shall_v not_o suffer_v the_o wood_n to_o be_v cut_v down_o howel_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n being_n present_a yet_o reginald_n grey_n have_v break_v the_o same_o permit_v every_o man_n to_o cut_v their_o wood_n and_o spoil_v they_o also_o of_o their_o meadow_n 9_o the_o same_o cynwric_n ap_fw-mi grono_n be_v take_v at_o ruthlan_n and_o put_v in_o prison_n without_o any_o cause_n at_o all_o neither_o will_v the_o king_n officer_n deliver_v he_o unless_o he_o will_v redeem_v the_o gage_n of_o a_o certain_a woman_n for_o the_o which_o he_o be_v constrain_v to_o pay_v much_o more_o than_o the_o pawn_n lie_v for_o 10._o when_o the_o bailiff_n of_o ruthlan_n be_v at_o a_o feast_n hicken_n lemaile_v wound_v a_o gentleman_n cruel_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o say_a bailiff_n by_o occasion_n of_o which_o wound_n hicken_n be_v condemn_v in_o 8_o l._n and_o when_o he_o which_o be_v hurt_v will_v have_v demand_v the_o 8_o l._n he_o be_v put_v in_o prison_n by_o hicken_n 11._o the_o messenger_n of_o reginald_n grey_n attempt_v a_o absurdity_n not_o hear_v of_o and_o require_v the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n to_o plough_v his_o ground_n and_o sow_v the_o same_o and_o the_o messenger_n be_v cynwric_n say_v and_o hicken_n lemayl_n and_o the_o say_a cynwric_n swear_v open_o before_o the_o whole_a company_n that_o unless_o all_o man_n shall_v plough_v reginald_n greys_n ground_n they_o shall_v short_o repent_v it_o then_o the_o people_n fear_v much_o as_o in_o that_o case_n any_o constant_a man_n will_v fear_v 12._o the_o heir_n of_o
tegengl_n buy_v their_o office_n for_o 30_o mark_n of_o the_o king_n but_o afterward_o reginald_n grey_n spoil_v they_o of_o their_o office_n and_o money_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n 13._o seven_o gentleman_n be_v wrongful_o kill_v by_o the_o englishman_n but_o as_o yet_o the_o parent_n of_o the_o gentleman_n can_v have_v no_o amends_o and_o though_o the_o offender_n be_v take_v yet_o the_o say_a constable_n let_v they_o go_v without_o punishment_n 14._o the_o constable_n of_o ruthlan_n keep_v two_o of_o the_o king_n soldier_n in_o prison_n for_o that_o they_o take_v a_o englishman_n who_o have_v wound_v a_o man_n all_o these_o thing_n contain_v in_o these_o article_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o privilege_n liberty_n and_o right_n of_o the_o say_a man_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o wales_n neither_o dare_v the_o inhabitant_n send_v their_o complaint_n to_o the_o king_n for_o fear_v of_o reginald_n grey_n which_o fear_v any_o constant_a man_n may_v have_v because_o the_o say_v reginald_n say_v open_o that_o if_o he_o can_v come_v by_o any_o such_o their_o messenger_n he_o will_v cut_v off_o their_o head_n as_o it_o be_v certain_o tell_v we_o by_o one_o of_o his_o council_n further_o neither_o tongue_n can_v tell_v nor_o pen_n write_v how_o cruel_o the_o man_n of_o tegengl_n have_v be_v order_v humble_o complain_v to_o your_o lordship_n my_o lord_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n primate_n of_o all_o england_n lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n of_o the_o constable_n of_o oswald_n cross_n the_o king_n and_o of_o the_o man_n of_o that_o town_n who_o have_v spoil_v the_o say_a lhewelyn_n of_o the_o three_o part_n of_o a_o town_n call_v lhedrot_v and_o his_o father_n house_n without_o any_o law_n or_o right_o or_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n further_o the_o say_a constable_n and_o his_o complice_n have_v against_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n spoil_v the_o say_a lhewelyn_n of_o his_o common_a and_o pasture_n which_o he_o and_o his_o predecessor_n have_v use_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o further_o condemn_v the_o say_a lhewelyn_n for_o the_o say_a pasture_n in_o 70_o mark_n and_o further_o the_o king_n of_o england_n grant_v certain_a letter_n to_o a_o bastard_n call_v gruffith_n vachan_n of_o cynlhaeth_n to_o law_n with_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n for_o his_o whole_a lordship_n and_o possession_n by_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o which_o letter_n the_o say_a lhewelyn_n have_v spend_v 200_o l._n of_o good_a money_n also_o the_o say_a constable_n compel_v the_o say_v lhewelyn_n to_o send_v two_o gentleman_n to_o he_o who_o when_o they_o come_v to_o he_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v hang_v which_o gentleman_n ought_v not_o by_o right_a to_o have_v be_v hang_v who_o parent_n have_v rather_o have_v give_v he_o 300l_o afterward_o the_o say_a constable_n imprison_v 60._o of_o the_o man_n of_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n no_o cause_n allege_v but_o that_o a_o certain_a page_n speak_v a_o word_n who_o can_v not_o be_v deliver_v out_o of_o prison_n until_o every_o one_o of_o they_o pay_v 10_o s._n when_o the_o man_n of_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n come_v to_o the_o say_a town_n to_o sell_v their_o ox_n the_o say_a constable_n will_v cause_v the_o beast_n to_o be_v drive_v to_o the_o castle_n neither_o will_v he_o restore_v the_o beast_n nor_o money_n for_o they_o further_o the_o say_a constable_n and_o his_o man_n take_v away_o the_o cattle_n of_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n from_o his_o own_o ground_n and_o do_v their_o will_n with_o they_o further_o the_o king_n justice_n compel_v the_o say_v lhewelyn_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o wales_n to_o deliver_v to_o the_o son_n of_o eneon_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n a_o certain_a town_n which_o both_o he_o and_o his_o ancestor_n ever_o have_v hold_v the_o say_a constable_n take_v the_o horse_n of_o lhewelyns_n baliffe_n when_o the_o say_v baliffe_n owe_v he_o nothing_o who_o can_v never_o get_v his_o horse_n again_o nor_o any_o satisfaction_n for_o it_o furthermore_o when_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n shall_v have_v go_v to_o a_o town_n call_v caerlheon_n to_o appear_v there_o as_o he_o be_v appoint_v the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n and_o the_o soldier_n of_o robert_n strange_n by_o the_o council_n of_o the_o say_v roger_n take_v the_o say_a lhewelyn_n and_o his_o man_n and_o imprison_v they_o to_o their_o great_a damage_n which_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n will_v not_o for_o 300_o l._n starling_n who_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v deliver_v until_o they_o have_v find_v sufficient_a surety_n the_o archbishop_n receive_v these_o and_o other_o article_n come_v to_o the_o king_n and_o request_v he_o to_o consider_v these_o wrong_n and_o to_o cause_n amends_o to_o be_v make_v or_o at_o the_o least_o excuse_v the_o welshman_n have_v so_o just_a cause_n of_o grief_n who_o answer_v that_o the_o welshman_n be_v to_o be_v excuse_v yet_o he_o say_v he_o be_v ever_o ready_a to_o do_v justice_n to_o all_o they_o that_o complain_v whereupon_o the_o archbishop_n beseech_v the_o king_n again_o that_o the_o welshman_n may_v have_v free_a access_n to_o his_o grace_n to_o declare_v their_o grief_n and_o to_o seek_v remedy_n the_o king_n answer_v they_o shall_v free_o come_v and_o depart_v if_o it_o shall_v seem_v that_o by_o justice_n they_o deserve_v to_o depart_v the_o archbishop_n hear_v this_o go_v and_o come_v to_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n in_o snowdon_n that_o he_o may_v move_v he_o and_o his_o brother_n david_n and_o the_o other_o company_n to_o submit_v themselves_o whereby_o he_o may_v incline_v the_o king_n to_o admit_v they_o to_o which_o after_o much_o talk_n and_o conference_n with_o the_o archbishop_n the_o prince_n answer_v that_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o submit_v to_o the_o king_n reserve_v two_o thing_n that_o be_v to_o say_v his_o conscience_n which_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v for_o the_o rule_n and_o safeguard_n of_o his_o people_n and_o also_o the_o decency_n of_o his_o state_n and_o calling_n which_o answer_v the_o archbishop_n bring_v and_o report_v to_o the_o king_n at_o the_o which_o the_o king_n say_v that_o he_o will_v not_o any_o other_o treaty_n of_o peace_n then_o that_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o people_n shall_v simple_o submit_v themselves_o but_o the_o archbishop_n know_v well_o that_o the_o welshman_n will_v not_o submit_v themselves_o but_o in_o form_n aforesaid_a or_o in_o other_o form_n to_o they_o tolerable_a and_o of_o they_o like_v request_v the_o king_n that_o he_o may_v have_v conference_n in_o this_o matter_n with_o all_o the_o noble_a englishman_n than_o present_a who_o after_o much_o conference_n agree_v to_o all_o these_o article_n follow_v the_o which_o article_n the_o archbishop_n do_v send_v in_o write_v to_o the_o prince_n by_o john_n wallensis_n these_o be_v to_o be_v say_v to_o the_o prince_n before_o his_o council_n 1._o first_o that_o the_o four_o cantred_n and_o the_o land_n by_o the_o king_n give_v to_o his_o noble_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n we_o will_v have_v no_o treaty_n of_o 2_o item_n of_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o four_o cantred_n if_o they_o will_v submit_v themselves_o he_o purpose_v to_o do_v as_o become_v a_o king_n majesty_n and_o we_o very_o believe_v he_o will_v deal_v with_o they_o merciful_o and_o to_o that_o end_n we_o will_v labour_v and_o trust_v to_o obtain_v 3._o as_o touch_v the_o lord_n lhewelyn_n we_o can_v have_v none_o other_o answer_n but_o that_o he_o shall_v submit_v himself_o simple_o to_o the_o king_n and_o we_o believe_v certain_o he_o will_v deal_v merciful_o with_o he_o and_o to_o that_o end_n we_o travail_v all_o we_o can_v and_o very_o believe_v to_o be_v hear_v the_o follow_a be_v to_o be_v say_v to_o the_o prince_n in_o secret_a 1._o first_o that_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n have_v conceive_v this_o form_n of_o a_o favourable_a peace_n that_o the_o lord_n lhewelyn_n shall_v submit_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o king_n shall_v honourable_o provide_v for_o he_o 1000_n starling_n and_o some_o honourable_a county_n in_o england_n so_o that_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n will_v put_v the_o king_n in_o quiet_a possession_n of_o snowdon_n necessitas_fw-la durum_fw-la telum_fw-la necessitas_fw-la and_o the_o king_n will_v provide_v honourable_o for_o the_o daughter_n of_o lhewelyn_n according_a to_o the_o state_n and_o condition_n of_o his_o own_o blood_n and_o to_o these_o they_o hope_v to_o persuade_v the_o king_n 2._o item_n if_o it_o happen_v that_o lhewelyn_n marry_v a_o wife_n and_o so_o have_v by_o she_o any_o heir_n male_a they_o trust_v to_o entreat_v the_o king_n that_o the_o same_o heir_n male_a and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o shall_v have_v the_o same_o 1000l_n and_o county_n 3._o item_n to_o the_o people_n subject_n to_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n the_o
lord_n it_o have_v have_v good_a store_n and_o of_o several_a family_n but_o none_o of_o they_o a_o parliamentary_a peer_n in_o reverence_n hereunto_o till_o these_o late_a time_n of_o late_o it_o have_v give_v title_n both_o to_o lord_n and_o earl_n of_o two_o several_a family_n viz._n to_o these_o year_n 1564_o 1._o robert_n dudley_n create_v baron_n of_o denbigh_n and_o earl_n of_o leicester_n eliz._n 6._o sept._n 29._o 1622._o or_o a_o lion_n rampant_a queen_n fourche_n vert_fw-fr incense_v cules_n a_o crescent_n for_o difference_n william_n viscount_n fielding_n create_v earl_n of_o denbigh_n 20._o jac._n sept._n 14._o master_n of_o the_o wardrobe_n etc._n etc._n arg._n or_o a_o fess_n b._n 3._o fusil_n or_o lozenge_n or._n the_o lordship_n of_o ruthin_n continue_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o greye_n until_o the_o reign_n of_o hen._n 7._o george_n grey_a earl_n of_o kent_n and_o lord_n of_o ruthin_n pass_v the_o same_o upon_o some_o bargain_n to_o the_o king_n there_o come_v at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o king_n edward_n divers_a gentleman_n who_o grow_v afterward_o to_o be_v man_n of_o great_a possession_n in_o the_o county_n many_o of_o who_o posterity_n continue_v to_o this_o day_n rees_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n serve_v the_o king_n in_o all_o these_o war_n who_o do_v most_o hurt_v of_o all_o man_n and_o be_v in_o good_a hope_n of_o great_a preferment_n at_o the_o king_n hand_n who_o after_o the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o prince_n the_o king_n make_v knight_n and_o feed_v with_o many_o fair_a and_o good_a word_n after_o that_o he_o and_o all_o other_o his_o countryman_n and_o neighbour_n have_v submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o government_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n it_o happen_v that_o the_o lord_n pain_n tiptoft_n warden_n of_o the_o king_n castle_n nigh_o unto_o rees_n his_o country_n and_o the_o lord_n allen_n plucknet_n the_o king_n steward_n in_o wales_n call_v the_o say_a rees_n as_o they_o do_v all_o other_o of_o the_o country_n to_o the_o king_n court_n whether_o he_o refuse_v to_o come_v allege_v his_o ancient_a privilege_n and_o liberty_n with_o the_o king_n promise_n but_o the_o say_a officer_n proceed_v according_a to_o the_o law_n against_o he_o whereupon_o a_o great_a variance_n arise_v between_o the_o say_a pain_n tiptoft_n and_o the_o say_a sir_n rees_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n so_o that_o sundry_a skermish_n be_v fight_v betwixt_o they_o and_o man_n slay_v on_o both_o side_n to_o the_o great_a disturbance_n of_o the_o country_n the_o king_n hear_v of_o these_o thing_n be_v then_o beyond_o sea_n write_v unto_o rees_n meredyth_n require_v he_o to_o keep_v the_o peace_n till_o his_o return_n at_o what_o time_n he_o promise_v to_o reform_v all_o thing_n in_o due_a and_o reasonable_a order_n but_o rees_n will_v not_o give_v over_o the_o enterprise_n which_o he_o have_v begin_v whereupon_o the_o king_n send_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o cornwall_n who_o he_o have_v leave_v his_o lieutenant_n in_o the_o realm_n during_o his_o absence_n to_o send_v a_o army_n of_o man_n into_o wales_n to_o withstand_v the_o disorder_a attempt_n of_o the_o say_v rees_n who_o go_v into_o wales_n himself_o and_o overthrow_v rees_n his_o castle_n at_o drofolan_n but_o by_o undermine_v the_o wall_n of_o that_o castle_n with_o the_o fall_n thereof_o the_o baron_n stafford_n and_o the_o lord_n william_n de_fw-fr monchency_n with_o many_o other_o knight_n and_o esquire_n be_v oppress_v and_o bruise_a to_o death_n afterward_o robert_n typtoft_n lord_n deputy_n of_o wales_n gather_v a_o army_n and_o meet_v the_o say_v rees_n after_o the_o slaughter_n of_o 4000_o of_o his_o people_n discomfit_v and_o take_v he_o who_o about_o michaelmas_n follow_v at_o the_o king_n go_v into_o scotland_n be_v have_v to_o york_n and_o there_o condemn_v and_o execute_v not_o long_o after_o the_o king_n want_v money_n there_o be_v a_o great_a subsidy_n grant_v towards_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o war_n in_o france_n about_o levy_v of_o which_o there_o be_v much_o a_o do_v in_o several_a place_n but_o especial_o the_o welshmen_n who_o be_v never_o wont_a to_o be_v acquaint_v with_o such_o contribution_n storm_v against_o it_o so_o that_o they_o take_v one_o of_o their_o own_o captain_n name_v roger_n de_fw-fr puelesdon_n who_o at_o the_o king_n command_v gather_v the_o say_a subsidy_n and_o hang_v he_o with_o divers_a other_o and_o afterward_o behead_v the_o say_v roger._n whereupon_o the_o king_n be_v sore_o offend_v for_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v roger_n who_o he_o great_o favour_v and_o hear_v that_o the_o welshman_n begin_v to_o stir_v against_o he_o in_o divers_a place_n for_o the_o westwales_n man_n have_v choose_v maelgon_n vachan_n for_o their_o captain_n and_o destroy_v all_o caerdigan_n and_o pembrock_n and_o return_v with_o spoil_n they_o of_o glamorgan_n and_o the_o southpart_n take_v one_o name_v morgan_n for_o their_o leader_n and_o drive_v the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n out_o of_o the_o country_n they_o restore_v to_o the_o say_v morgan_n again_o the_o possession_n which_o the_o ancestor_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n by_o force_n and_o great_a wrong_n have_v take_v from_o the_o say_v morgan_n predecessor_n the_o north-wales_n man_n have_v set_v upon_o madoc_n be_v of_o the_o kindred_n of_o the_o last_o lhewelyn_n who_o gather_v a_o great_a power_n come_v to_o caernarvon_n and_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o englishman_n which_o be_v come_v thither_o to_o the_o fair_a and_o spoil_v the_o whole_a town_n then_o i_o say_v the_o king_n call_v back_o his_o brother_n edmund_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n and_o henry_n lacie_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n and_o john_n lord_n denbigh_n who_o have_v a_o army_n ready_a to_o pass_v into_o gascoigne_n english_a the_o remnant_n of_o the_o welsh_a foil_n the_o english_a these_o earl_n come_v towards_o north-wales_n and_o as_o they_o approach_v near_o unto_o the_o castle_n of_o denbigh_n upon_o st._n martin_n day_n the_o welshman_n with_o great_a force_n encounter_v they_o and_o give_v they_o battle_n drive_v they_o back_o and_o discomfit_v their_o people_n upon_o this_o ungrateful_a news_n the_o king_n himself_o come_v into_o wales_n and_o there_o keep_v his_o christmas_n at_o aberconwey_n where_o robert_n winchesey_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n come_v unto_o he_o and_o do_v he_o homage_n and_o then_o return_v home_o the_o king_n as_o he_o pass_v further_o into_o the_o country_n lose_v much_o of_o his_o carriage_n which_o the_o welshman_n take_v be_v load_v with_o victual_n and_o provision_n for_o the_o army_n so_o that_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n endure_v great_a penury_n and_o be_v constrain_v to_o drink_v water_n mix_v with_o honey_n and_o eat_v very_o gross_a and_o coarse_a meat_n where_o he_o be_v very_o like_a to_o have_v be_v distress_v have_v not_o the_o other_o part_n of_o his_o army_n come_v to_o he_o in_o time_n while_o the_o king_n remain_v in_o snowdon_n the_o earl_n of_o warwick_n hear_v that_o a_o great_a number_n of_o welshman_n be_v assemble_v together_o and_o lodge_v in_o a_o valley_n betwixt_o two_o wood_n choose_v out_o a_o company_n of_o horseman_n with_o certain_a crossbow_n and_o archer_n and_o come_v upon_o the_o welshman_n in_o the_o night_n compass_v they_o round_o about_o who_o pitch_v the_o end_n of_o their_o spear_n and_o turn_v the_o point_n against_o their_o enemy_n stand_v at_o defence_n so_o to_o keep_v off_o the_o horseman_n but_o the_o earl_n have_v place_v his_o battle_n so_o that_o betwixt_o every_o two_o horseman_n there_o stand_v a_o crossbow_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o welshman_n who_o stand_v at_o defence_n in_o manner_n aforesaid_a with_o their_o spear_n be_v overthrow_v and_o break_v with_o the_o shot_n of_o the_o quarrel_n and_o then_o the_o earl_n charge_v the_o residue_n with_o a_o troop_n of_o horseman_n and_o bear_v they_o down_o with_o such_o slaughter_n as_o they_o have_v not_o sustain_v the_o like_a loss_n of_o people_n as_o be_v think_v at_o any_o time_n before_o after_o this_o the_o king_n build_v a_o strong_a castle_n within_o the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n and_o call_v the_o same_o beaumarish_n and_o so_o set_v all_o in_o quietness_n and_o punish_v such_o as_o have_v put_v to_o death_n roger_n de_fw-fr puelesdon_n he_o return_v home_o with_o his_o army_n marcher_n madoc_n victorious_a against_o the_o lord_n strange_a of_o knook_v and_o the_o marcher_n but_o madoc_n within_o a_o while_n after_o levy_v a_o army_n come_v to_o oswestre_v where_o the_o people_n yield_v unto_o he_o and_o meet_v with_o the_o lord_n strange_a with_o a_o company_n of_o marcher_n not_o far_o from_o knook_v overthrow_v he_o and_o spoil_v his_o country_n miserable_o and_o short_o after_o he_o give_v the_o marcher_n another_o overthrow_n but_o for_o all_o that_o the_o lord_n marcher_n nothing_o dismay_v at_o this_o mischance_n gather_v new_a force_n and_o meet_v madoc_n as_o he_o
the_o say_a barony_n mercher_n be_v then_o in_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o for_o that_o also_o divers_a murder_n rape_n robery_n and_o enormity_n and_o odious_a offence_n have_v be_v there_o commit_v and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o flight_n of_o the_o offender_n shire_n monmoth_n make_v a_o english_a shire_n from_o one_o barony_n as_o be_v usual_a upon_o the_o border_n they_o have_v escape_v due_a and_o condign_a punishment_n for_o their_o such_o enormity_n and_o crime_n he_o ordain_v also_o that_o the_o county_n of_o monmoth_n former_o be_v a_o shire_n of_o wales_n shall_v be_v govern_v from_o thenceforth_o in_o like_a manner_n 26._o stat._n 27._o h._n 8._o cap._n 26._o and_o by_o the_o same_o judge_n as_o other_o shire_n of_o england_n and_o for_o the_o other_o 12_o shire_n he_o order_v a_o special_a jurisdiction_n and_o officer_n but_o yet_o in_o substance_n agreeable_a and_o after_o the_o law_n of_o england_n although_o for_o the_o circumstance_n of_o time_n and_o place_n and_o person_n in_o some_o few_o thing_n discordant_a he_o ordain_v that_o out_o of_o every_o of_o the_o say_a shire_n of_o wales_n there_o shall_v be_v one_o knight_n and_o out_o of_o every_o of_o the_o shire_n town_n of_o wales_n name_v in_o the_o say_a act_n of_o parliament_n 26._o stat._n 276._o cap_n 26._o there_o shall_v be_v one_o burgess_n elect_v after_o the_o english_a manner_n which_o knight_n and_o burgess_n so_o elect_v and_o due_o upon_o the_o summons_n of_o every_o parliament_n in_o england_n return_v shall_v have_v place_n and_o voice_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n as_o other_z the_o knight_n and_o burgess_n of_o england_n use_v to_o have_v stat_n circuit_n 34._o h_o 8._o cap._n 26._o stat_n as_o for_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n in_o the_o say_v 12_o shire_n of_o wales_n there_o be_v by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n of_o 34._o h._n 8._o ordain_v 4._o several_a circuit_n precint_n or_o conventus_fw-la juridicus_fw-la allot_v to_o every_o of_o they_o three_o of_o these_o shire_n so_o that_o the_o chief_a justice_n of_o chester_n have_v under_o his_o jurisdiction_n the_o three_o several_a shire_n of_o denbigh_n flint_n and_o montgomery_n his_o fee_n be_v yearly_o 100_o l._n justice_n justice_n the_o shire_n of_o carnarvan_n merion_v and_o anglesey_n be_v under_o the_o justice_n of_o north-wales_n who_o fee_n be_v 50_o l._n the_o county_n of_o carmardhin_n pembrock_n and_o cardigan_n have_v also_o their_o justice_n who_o fee_n be_v 50_o l._n the_o county_n of_o radnor_n brecknock_n and_o glamorgan_n have_v also_o their_o justice_n who_o fee_n be_v 50_o l._n after_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v 18._o eliz._n cap._n 8._o one_o other_o justice_n assistant_n be_v ordain_v to_o the_o former_a justice_n 8._o stat._n 18._o eliz._n cap._n 8._o so_o that_o now_o every_o of_o the_o say_v four_o circuit_n have_v two_o justice_n viz._n one_o chief_a justice_n and_o a_o second_o justice_n assistant_n their_o jurisdiction_n these_o justice_n in_o every_o of_o their_o circuit_n have_v almost_o the_o same_o jurisdiction_n that_o the_o ancient_a justice_n in_o eyre_n or_o justice_n itenerant_n have_v first_o they_o have_v power_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v all_o criminal_a cause_n which_o be_v call_v in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o herein_o they_o have_v the_o same_o absolute_a jurisdiction_n that_o the_o judge_n have_v of_o the_o k._n bench_n common_o so_o call_v they_o have_v also_o jurisdiction_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v all_o civil_a cause_n which_o be_v call_v in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n common_a plea_n and_o to_o take_v the_o acknowledgement_n of_o fine_n levy_v of_o land_n or_o hereditament_n without_o sue_v any_o dedimus_fw-la potestatem_fw-la and_o herein_o they_o have_v the_o same_o jurisdiction_n that_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n do_v execute_v in_o the_o hall_n at_o westminster_n also_o they_o may_v hear_v and_o determine_v all_o assize_n upon_o disseison_n of_o land_n or_o hereditament_n wherein_o they_o equal_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n they_o may_v hear_v and_o determine_v all_o notable_a violence_n and_o outrage_n perpetrate_v or_o do_v within_o their_o several_a precint_n and_o therein_o they_o have_v the_o power_n authority_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n their_o chancery_n seal_n and_o writ_n for_o as_o much_o as_o no_o suit_n can_v commence_v between_o party_n and_o party_n nor_o orderly_a justice_n can_v be_v do_v without_o complaint_n of_o the_o pursuivant_n and_o summons_n and_o admonition_n give_v unto_o the_o defendant_n which_o summon_v the_o policy_n of_o england_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o first_o foundation_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n have_v appoint_v to_o be_v perform_v by_o that_o kind_n of_o formulae_fw-la juris_fw-la which_o the_o common_a law_n call_v a_o writ_n or_o brief_n so_o call_v as_o bracton_n say_v breve_fw-la quia_fw-la rem_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la &_o intentionem_fw-la petentis_fw-la breviter_fw-la enarrat_fw-la and_o which_o writ_n be_v always_o conceive_v in_o form_n quondam_a of_o the_o king_n name_n in_o manner_n of_o a_o preecept_n royal_a and_o seal_v with_o the_o king_n or_o potestates_fw-la great_a seal_n original_a write_v either_o judicial_a or_o original_a therefore_o in_o the_o appoint_v of_o this_o jurisdiction_n there_o be_v ordain_v to_o every_o circuit_n or_o precint_n a_o several_a seal_n for_o the_o seal_n of_o such_o writ_n and_o commission_n as_o the_o case_n shall_v require_v within_o that_o circuit_n and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o all_o writt_n be_v either_o original_a such_o as_o begin_v the_o suit_n or_o else_o judicial_a such_o as_o command_v and_o warrant_v the_o execution_n thereof_o it_o be_v by_o the_o say_a statute_n make_v in_o the_o 34_o hen._n 8._o ordain_v that_o the_o seal_n serve_v for_o original_a process_n in_o several_a shire_n of_o denbigh_n and_o montgomery_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o chamberlain_n of_o denbigh_n and_o what_o the_o original_a seal_n of_o chester_n shall_v be_v and_o stand_v for_o the_o original_a seal_n of_o flint_n and_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o chamberlain_n of_o chester_n the_o like_a seal_n serve_v for_o the_o several_a shire_n of_o carnarvan_n merion_v and_o anglesey_n to_o be_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o chamberlain_n of_o north-wales_n the_o like_a seal_n concern_v the_o several_a shire_n of_o radnor_n brecknock_n and_o glamorgan_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o steward_n of_o brecknoc_n and_o final_o the_o like_a seal_n serve_v for_o the_o several_a shire_n of_o caermardhyn_n pembrockâ—_n and_o cardigan_n be_v in_o the_o usage_n of_o the_o chamberlain_n of_o southwales_n these_o chamberlain_n be_v as_o chancellor_n in_o this_o behalf_n and_o have_v the_o seal_n of_o all_o original_a writ_n and_o commission_n within_o the_o several_a precint_n and_o these_o chamberlain_n may_v also_o award_v out_o several_a writ_n to_o all_o under-receiver_n of_o the_o revenue_n and_o minister_n to_o make_v their_o account_n the_o seal_n for_o seal_v judicial_a writ_n be_v appoint_v by_o the_o say_a statute_n 34_o h._n 8._o to_o be_v and_o remain_v by_o the_o justice_n of_o every_o the_o say_a circuit_n for_o the_o more_o expedite_a execution_n of_o their_o judgement_n session_n the_o great_a session_n their_o session_n and_o manner_n of_o sit_v every_o of_o these_o justice_n in_o their_o several_a circuit_n shall_v be_v itenerant_a twice_o every_o year_n and_o sit_v in_o every_o of_o the_o shire_n with_o their_o authority_n by_o the_o space_n of_o six_o day_n together_o at_o a_o place_n certain_a by_o they_o so_o appoint_v and_o upon_o proclamation_n of_o summons_n to_o be_v make_v 15_o day_n before_o the_o say_a sit_n adjournment_n adjournment_n where_o all_o person_n require_v justice_n may_v purchase_v their_o writ_n and_o proceed_v in_o their_o suit_n and_o where_o adjournment_n of_o the_o cause_n there_o depend_v shall_v be_v de_fw-fr die_v in_o diem_fw-la and_o if_o the_o cause_n can_v have_v no_o end_n during_o the_o sit_v then_o from_o session_n to_o session_n as_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o business_n shall_v require_v and_o according_a to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o say_a justice_n and_o these_o sit_n be_v call_v the_o great_a session_n session_n 34._o h_o 8_o cap._n 26._o â—_o 33_o petâ—y_a session_n and_o if_o their_o shall_v be_v such_o multitude_n of_o plea_n personal_a as_o that_o they_o can_v be_v try_v at_o the_o same_o great_a session_n than_o the_o issue_n there_o in_o trial_n shall_v and_o may_v be_v try_v at_o some_o session_n before_o the_o deputy_n justice_n which_o be_v therefore_o call_v the_o petty_a session_n and_o if_o any_o erroneous_a judgement_n be_v give_v by_o the_o say_a justice_n in_o any_o real_a action_n the_o same_o shall_v be_v reverse_v by_o writ_n of_o error_n before_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o
the_o gate_n of_o conwey_n his_o fee_n be_v 4_o d._n per_fw-la diem_fw-la the_o constable_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o hardlaigh_n in_o the_o county_n of_o merion_v his_o fee_n yearly_o be_v 26_o l._n 13_o s._n 4_o d._n in_o some_o account_n he_o be_v allow_v 50_o l._n which_o i_o think_v be_v of_o both_o office_n of_o constable_n and_o captain_n 26_o l._n 13_o s._n 4_o d._n soldier_n soldier_n there_o be_v also_o allow_v 24_o soldier_n for_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o say_a town_n and_o castle_n of_o hardlaigh_n their_o wage_n amount_v yearly_o to_o 146_o l._n captain_n constable_n captain_n the_o constable_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o beumarish_n his_o yearly_a fee_n be_v 40_o l._n the_o captain_n of_o the_o town_n of_o beumarish_n his_o yearly_a fee_n be_v 12_o l._n 13_o s._n 4_o d._n there_o be_v also_o 24_o soldier_n allow_v for_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o say_a town_n and_o castle_n of_o beumarish_n every_o of_o which_o be_v allow_v 4_o d._n per_fw-la diem_fw-la amount_v to_o 146_o l._n forrester_n porter_n forrester_n the_o porter_n or_o keeper_n of_o the_o gate_n of_o beumarish_n have_v for_o his_o fee_n 9_o l._n 2_o s._n 6_o d._n the_o chief_a forester_n of_o the_o forest_n of_o snowdon_n his_o fee_n 11_o l._n 8_o s._n the_o office_n of_o the_o steward_n of_o the_o town_n of_o newborough_n and_o roffaire_n his_o fee_n be_v yearly_o 10_o l._n the_o marshal_n and_o keeper_n of_o the_o justice_n house_n in_o the_o town_n of_o carnarvan_n his_o yearly_a fee_n be_v 26_o s._n 8_o d._n the_o clerk_n of_o the_o great_a session_n i_o find_v not_o exchequer_n exchequer_n there_o be_v a_o court_n of_o exchequer_n of_o the_o prince_n revenue_n for_o north_n wales_n hold_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o carnarvan_n in_o which_o court_n there_o be_v certain_a fee_n allow_v for_o the_o expense_n of_o parchment_n paper_n bag_n for_o money_n and_o for_o portrage_n of_o money_n and_o such_o other_o small_a charge_n which_o be_v variable_a according_a to_o the_o occasion_n and_o time_n south_n wales_n justice_n justice_n the_o justice_n of_o south_n wales_n who_o ancient_a fee_n be_v yearly_o 20_o l._n at_o sometime_o 46_o l._n the_o auditor_n of_o south_n wales_n auditor_n auditor_n his_o ancient_a fee_n be_v yearly_o 40_o l._n but_o sometime_o his_o fee_n be_v but_o 20_o l._n 5_o s._n per_fw-la diem_fw-la while_o he_o exercise_v his_o office_n the_o attorney_n of_o south_n wales_n who_o have_v yearly_o for_o his_o fee_n 8_o l._n 13_o s._n 4_o d._n steward_n attorney_n constable_n sheriff_n steward_n the_o constable_n and_o usher_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o caermarthen_n who_o yearly_a fee_n be_v 20_o l._n the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o county_n of_o caermarthen_n who_o fee_n be_v yearly_o 50_o s._n the_o steward_n general_a of_o the_o comott_n of_o the_o county_n of_o caermarthen_n fee_v 6_o l._n 13_o s._n 4_o d._n the_o clerk_n of_o the_o county_n court_n and_o small_a session_n in_o the_o county_n of_o caermarthen_n his_o yearly_a fee_n 40_o s._n the_o crier_n of_o the_o county_n court_v and_o small_a session_n in_o the_o say_a county_n who_o fee_n be_v yearly_o 6_o s._n 8_o d._n the_o steward_n of_o the_o welsh_a court_n in_o the_o county_n of_o caermarthen_n his_o fee_n 6_o l._n 13_o s._n 4_o d._n clerk_n steward_n penkey_n steward_n clerk_n bailiff_n bailiff_n constable_n sheriff_n clerk_n the_o office_n of_o the_o penkeye_n in_o the_o comot_n widegada_n and_o elvet_n his_o fee_n 4_o s._n the_o steward_n of_o the_o welsh_a court_n of_o widegada_n and_o elvet_n his_o yearly_a fee_n 3_o l._n 6_o s._n 8_o d._n the_o clerk_n of_o the_o welsh_a court_n of_o widegada_n and_o elvet_n who_o yearly_a fee_n 6_o s._n 8_o d._n the_o bailiff_n itenerant_n for_o caermarthen_n who_o yearly_a fee_n be_v 5_o l._n the_o bailiff_n itenerant_n for_o cantre_v who_o yearly_a fee_n be_v 6_o l._n 13_o s._n 4_o d._n the_o constable_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o cardigan_n who_o ancient_a fee_n be_v yearly_o 40_o l._n the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o county_n of_o cardigan_n who_o yearly_a fee_n be_v 5_o l._n the_o clerk_n of_o the_o county_n court_v tornes_n and_o small_a session_n of_o the_o county_n of_o cardigan_n his_o yearly_a fee_n be_v 40_o s._n the_o crier_n of_o the_o county_n court_v and_o small_a session_n in_o the_o say_a county_n cryer_n cryer_n his_o fee_z 6_o s._n 8_o d._n the_o clerk_n of_o the_o hundred_o in_o cardigan_n his_o yearly_a fee_n be_v 6_o s._n 8_o d._n clerk_n clerk_n steward_n clerk_n the_o steward_n of_o the_o welsh_a court_n in_o the_o county_n of_o cardigan_n his_o fee_n be_v 10_o l._n the_o clerk_n for_o write_v the_o roll_n in_o the_o welsh_a court_n his_o yearly_a fee_n be_v in_o the_o county_n of_o cardigan_n 6_o s._n 8_o d._n the_o bailiff_n itenerant_n of_o cardigan_n his_o ancient_a fee_n be_v yearly_o 5_o l._n captain_n bailiff_n bailiff_n captain_n the_o bailiff_n itenerant_n of_o lampaderne_a his_o yearly_a fee_n be_v 6_o l._n 13_o s._n 4_o d._n the_o captain_n of_o the_o town_n of_o aberystwyth_n his_o yearly_a fee_n be_v 18_o l._n 5_o s._n he_o be_v allow_v 12_o archer_n for_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o say_a town_n and_o castle_n the_o escheator_n for_o the_o two_o shire_n of_o caermarthen_n and_o cardigan_n escheator_n escheator_n his_o fee_n be_v yearly_o 10_o l._n the_o clerk_n of_o the_o great_a session_n for_o both_o the_o county_n of_o caermarthen_n and_o cardigan_n clerk_n clerk_n his_o yearly_a fee_n be_v 5_o l._n there_o be_v a_o court_n of_o exchequer_n likewise_o exchequer_n exchequer_n for_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o south_n wales_n keep_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o caermarthen_n and_o yearly_a allowance_n for_o the_o expense_n thereof_o as_o in_o the_o province_n of_o north_n wales_n by_o this_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o province_n of_o south_n wales_n chargeable_a to_o the_o prince_n extend_v for_o the_o most_o part_n into_o the_o two_o county_n of_o caermarthen_n and_o cardigan_n the_o rest_n of_o south_n wales_n as_o munmothshire_n and_o glamorgan_n etc._n etc._n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o other_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o officer_n that_o be_v in_o south_n wales_n from_o those_o that_o be_v in_o north_n wales_n be_v north_n wales_n be_v divide_v in_o county_n and_o frame_v into_o shire_n and_o order_v according_a to_o the_o english_a law_n by_o the_o statute_n make_v at_o ruthlan_n call_v statutum_n wallioe_v often_o before_o mention_v make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edw._n 1._o whereas_o south_n wales_n nevertheless_o remain_v govern_v in_o some_o thing_n according_a to_o the_o welsh_a law_n and_o custom_n even_o until_o the_o say_a statute_n make_v in_o a_o 27._o h._n 8._o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o office_n of_o both_o prince_n of_o north_n wales_n and_o south_n wales_n the_o prince_n of_o wales_n have_v also_o divers_a and_o sundry_a officer_n about_o his_o person_n and_o of_o his_o household_n which_o be_v these_o that_o follow_v out_o of_o record_n where_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o they_o the_o council_n of_o the_o prince_n consist_v of_o divers_a honourable_a governor_n the_o council_n governor_n worshipful_a and_o learned_a person_n to_o council_n for_o the_o lease_n and_o good_a dispose_n of_o his_o revenue_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o prince_n his_o person_n to_o who_o the_o education_n and_o institution_n of_o the_o young_a prince_n be_v commit_v such_o be_v the_o lord_n rivers_n unto_o prince_n edw._n son_n to_o king_n edw._n 4._o wherein_o also_o the_o queen_n mother_n to_o the_o prince_n have_v a_o special_a interest_n for_o few_o thing_n be_v do_v concern_v the_o prince_n without_o her_o privacy_n and_o advice_n the_o chamberlain_n to_o the_o prince_n 2._o chamberlain_n 21_o edw._n 1._o pat_o part_n 2._o it_o appear_v that_o richard_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr beer_n be_v chamberlain_n to_o the_o black-prince_n son_n and_o heir_n of_o king_n edw._n 3._o and_o sr._n thomas_n poole_n be_v chief_a chamberlain_n to_o prince_n arthur_n so_o be_v thomas_n vaughan_n to_o prince_n edw._n son_n to_o king_n edw._n 4._o the_o attorney_n general_n to_o the_o prince_n william_n rudhall_n clerk_n the_o attorney_n 11_o edw._n 4._o pat_o part_n 1._o clerk_n be_v sometime_o attorney_n to_o the_o prince_n the_o clerk_n of_o the_o prince_n his_o council_n or_o secretary_n and_o keeper_n of_o his_o book_n write_n and_o record_n his_o fee_n be_v 10_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o his_o diet_n one_o thomas_n tamworth_n have_v this_o office_n the_o usher_n of_o the_o councel-chamber_n of_o the_o prince_n his_o fee_n be_v 10_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o his_o wage_n for_o attendance_n of_o the_o council_n there_o one_o thomas_n ferris_n sometime_o have_v this_o office_n the_o gentleman_n usher_n of_o the_o prince_n private_a chamber_n sr._n thomas_n wroth_a have_v this_o office_n to_o p._n
clothes_n be_v deem_v prejudicial_a lest_o thereby_o those_o picture_n shall_v be_v hide_v a_o nation_n most_o warlike_a and_o thirsty_a after_o blood_n and_o slaughter_n content_a with_o a_o small_a shield_n and_o javelin_n yet_o have_v a_o sword_n appendent_a to_o their_o naked_a body_n breastplate_n or_o helmet_n they_o undervalue_v as_o obstacle_n and_o impediment_n to_o the_o pass_v over_o ford_n and_o river_n magia_n plinius_n de_fw-fr magia_n pliny_n treat_v the_o magia_n or_o art_n magic_a say_v that_o the_o britain_n so_o admirable_o honour_v it_o with_o uncouth_a ceremony_n that_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v send_v it_o unto_o the_o persian_n another_o author_n say_v that_o the_o britain_n far_o exceed_v the_o french_a in_o stature_n and_o bigness_n of_o body_n affirm_v cundem_fw-la strabo_n apud_fw-la cundem_fw-la that_o he_o himself_o have_v see_v british_a youth_n in_o rome_n to_o surpass_v their_o tall_a man_n in_o height_n at_o least_o half_a a_o foot_n diodorus_n siculus_n say_v britain_n spend_v their_o time_n after_o the_o custom_n of_o their_o ancient_a forefather_n and_o in_o war_n use_v chariot_n as_o do_v the_o grecian_n in_o time_n of_o the_o trojan_a war_n and_o who_o know_v britt_n the_o honesty_n of_o britain_n commend_v by_o diâ—_n siculus_n mr._n camb._n deny_v not_o brute_n mr._n broughton_n fol._n 289._o the_o britain_n call_v gens_n bruti_fw-la leges_fw-la s._n ed_n reg._n apud_fw-la guli_fw-la lamb._n l._n d._n priseu_v legi_fw-la fol._n 36._o gildas_n apud_fw-la galf._n l._n 1._o c._n 17._o vic._n l._n 1._o pont._n nen._n hist_o antiq._n land_n eccles_n isiadâ—r_fw-fr l._n etâ—m_n thom._n eliot_n apud_fw-la stow._n proof_n for_o brute_n thaliesnanus_fw-la apud_fw-la pris_fw-fr p._n 27_o gal._n manus_fw-la apud_fw-la eundem_fw-la hâ—n_n hunt_v hist_o de_fw-fr reg._n brit._n cum_fw-la maltis_n aliis_fw-la ibidem_fw-la brute_n land_v here_o in_o the_o time_n of_o holy_a &_o samuel_n the_o prophet_n brittannia_fw-la so_o call_v from_o brutus_n gualt_n oxor._fw-la apud_fw-la hard._n c._n 16._o bal._n 2._o cent_n sigib_n gembl_n hist_o &_o the_o regn_n britt_n mariam_n apud_fw-la hard._n c._n 10._o literâ—_fw-la defensoris_fw-la ed_n reg_n 1_o ad_fw-la â—apam_fw-la apud_fw-la the_o n_o walsin_n hist_o 〈…〉_o yâ—_n lib._n neustr_n aâ—_n 1301._o griâ—_n apud_fw-la hi._n eaâ—_n m._n s._n chrâ—_n c_o 47._o galf._n mâ—n_z l_o 1._o hist_o britt_n but_o that_o custom_n may_v be_v continue_v from_o their_o first_o founder_n brutus_n their_o house_n compact_v of_o wood_n reed_n or_o thatch_n their_o sheaf_n of_o corn_n they_o store_v under_o dry_a roof_n thresh_v out_o every_o day_n as_o much_o as_o serve_v for_o present_a use_n honest_a and_o just_a in_o conversation_n much_o differ_v from_o the_o subtlety_n and_o cunning_n of_o our_o man_n content_a with_o ordinary_a and_o indifferent_a diet_n detest_a the_o gurmandize_v of_o glutton_n and_o epicure_n the_o isle_n replenish_v with_o multitude_n of_o man_n in_o matter_n concern_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o isle_n mr._n cambden_n be_v very_o copious_a produce_v several_a opinion_n but_o i_o find_v no_o commander_n in_o chief_a whether_o king_n duke_z or_o general_n name_v brute_n except_v of_o who_o he_o say_v shall_v i_o so_o mean_a a_o man_n give_v a_o determinate_a sentence_n in_o so_o weighty_a a_o matter_n i_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o senate_n of_o antiquary_n undecided_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o deny_v not_o brute_n but_o leave_v every_o one_o to_o his_o own_o best_a like_n and_o opinion_n so_o that_o it_o be_v manifest_a mr._n cambden_n name_v no_o other_o principal_a commander_n or_o guide_n of_o that_o people_n who_o first_o colonize_v and_o inhabit_a this_o land_n do_v not_o altogether_o deny_v brute_n but_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o counsel_n consent_v and_o decree_n of_o the_o learned_a parliament_n and_o senate_n of_o antiquary_n let_v we_o hear_v what_o other_o write_v mr._n broughton_n out_o of_o a_o old_a british_a history_n say_v have_v thus_o invincible_o prove_v by_o all_o antiquity_n that_o there_o be_v among_o the_o gentile_n especial_o in_o this_o kingdom_n of_o britain_n not_o only_o flamen_n but_o archflaman_n and_o they_o seat_v in_o the_o principal_n govern_v city_n in_o several_a province_n and_o how_o after_o the_o come_n of_o christ_n even_o from_o the_o apostle_n time_n and_o by_o their_o ordinance_n and_o institution_n their_o residence_n be_v to_o be_v change_v into_o archiepiscopal_n or_o metropolitan_a chief_a command_a see_v in_o the_o christian_a religion_n if_o we_o have_v no_o other_o particular_a proof_n in_o this_o but_o in_o general_a term_n st._n edward_n law_n the_o testimony_n of_o gildas_n nonnius_n the_o antiquity_n of_o landaff_n st._n isiodore_n who_o as_o pope_n eleutherius_fw-la also_o call_v this_o nation_n gens_n bruti_fw-la the_o offspring_n and_o nation_n of_o brute_n thomas_n archbishop_n of_o york_n a_o norman_a by_o birth_n in_o time_n of_o king_n william_n the_o first_o thaliessianus_n above_o a_o thousand_o year_n since_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n henry_n of_o huntingdon_n gualterus_n calenus_n sigibertus_n with_o many_o other_o before_o galfrid_n mon._n write_v and_o vicunnius_n himself_o with_o innumerable_a after_o both_o of_o this_o and_o other_o nation_n and_o public_a parliament_n as_o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o at_o lincoln_n who_o after_o most_o diligent_a search_n of_o antiquity_n and_o due_a examination_n as_o the_o great_a matter_n the_o right_a of_o a_o kingdom_n require_v send_v his_o apologetical_a letter_n to_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n seal_v with_o a_o hundred_o seal_n and_o witness_n wherein_o be_v declare_v and_o justify_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o hely_n and_o samuel_n the_o prophet_n brutus_n the_o trojan_a land_v here_o and_o by_o his_o own_o name_n call_v the_o country_n britannia_n before_o name_v albion_n and_o have_v three_o son_n locrine_n camber_n and_o albanact_n do_v at_o his_o death_n divide_v the_o land_n into_o three_o part_n or_o portion_n leegria_n now_o england_n to_o locrine_n his_o elder_a son_n cambria_n wales_n to_o camber_n and_o albania_n scotland_n to_o albanact_n this_o may_v suffice_v for_o this_o business_n but_o be_v testify_v by_o so_o many_o domestical_a and_o foreign_a private_a and_o public_a witness_n that_o the_o tripartite_a division_n be_v here_o from_o the_o first_o nâ—me_n and_o begin_n of_o britain_n we_o must_v needs_o for_o every_o several_a part_n and_o province_n assign_v a_o several_a government_n and_o order_n therein_o as_o their_o ruler_n and_o governor_n be_v divers_a and_o distinct_a but_o our_o antiquary_n carry_v we_o further_o and_o inform_v we_o that_o not_o only_a london_n caerlegeon_n and_o york_n be_v the_o several_a chief_a city_n in_o this_o division_n but_o the_o king_n which_o found_v they_o for_o such_o ordain_v they_o likewise_o to_o be_v the_o seat_n and_o residency_n of_o three_o several_a archflaman_n or_o prâ—â—â—â—amens_n for_o the_o glory_n and_o nobleness_n of_o london_n thereupon_o name_v augusta_n it_o be_v the_o common_a opinion_n of_o antiquity_n that_o it_o be_v the_o most_o ancient_a city_n of_o this_o island_n build_v by_o brutus_n as_o not_o only_o the_o british_a history_n galfridus_n vicunnius_n and_o our_o english_a antiquary_n after_o they_o but_o gâ—ldas_n sigibertus_n and_o other_o sufficient_o witness_n and_o except_o mr._n stow_n be_v deceive_v in_o his_o author_n aethieus_n a_o old_a pagan_a philosopher_n testify_v no_o less_o affirm_v that_o brutus_n name_v this_o kingdom_n brittannia_fw-la and_o john_n harding_n in_o his_o plain_a verse_n with_o other_o record_v how_o he_o there_o from_o the_o very_a first_o beginning_n institute_v a_o archflaman_n seat_n at_o troynovant_n he_o make_v full_a especial_o a_o arch-flamine_a his_o see_n 14._o harding_n chr_n fol._n 16._o cap._n 14._o cathedral_n certain_a a_o temple_n thereof_o a_o policy_n to_o obtain_v by_o trojan_a 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notwithstanding_o no_o authentic_a writer_n as_o yet_o ever_o produce_v any_o such_o king_n to_o
medicinable_a and_o necessary_a to_o purge_v sad_a humour_n and_o cure_v disease_n even_o so_o tyrant_n be_v necessary_a to_o purge_v the_o sin_n and_o cure_v the_o vice_n of_o wicked_a subject_n to_o which_o end_n say_v he_o phalaris_n the_o tyrant_n be_v ordain_v by_o almighty_a god_n to_o govern_v the_o agrigentins_n and_o marius_n the_o roman_n as_o for_o the_o brutish_a sin_n of_o mempricius_n holy_a gildas_n bring_v it_o in_o as_o one_o among_o the_o rest_n for_o which_o god_n so_o severe_o punish_v the_o britain_n britanniae_fw-la de_fw-fr excidio_fw-la britanniae_fw-la and_o touch_v brief_o the_o life_n of_o some_o of_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n that_o be_v in_o his_o time_n as_o of_o constantius_n aurelius_n conanus_fw-la vortiporius_n cuneglasus_n and_o maglocus_n tax_v they_o with_o tyranny_n perjury_n sacrilegious_a murder_n and_o parricide_n commit_v even_o before_o the_o holy_a altar_n etc._n etc._n yea_o and_o two_o of_o they_o of_o sodomy_n for_o which_o and_o other_o 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live_v in_o the_o same_o age_n and_o convert_v the_o saxon_n and_o frison_n from_o paganism_n to_o the_o christian_a faith_n propose_v it_o to_o one_o call_v etholbud_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n to_o withdraw_v he_o from_o his_o dissolute_a life_n and_o tell_v he_o that_o in_o old_a saxony_n where_o there_o be_v no_o christianity_n there_o if_o either_o maid_n or_o wife_n do_v commit_v adultery_n or_o fornication_n she_o be_v first_o strangle_v and_o after_o burn_v and_o he_o that_o corrupt_v she_o hang_v over_o she_o or_o else_o she_o be_v strip_v naked_a to_o the_o middle_n and_o whip_v by_o chaste_a matron_n from_o town_n to_o town_n and_o prick_v with_o sharp_a knife_n till_o she_o die_v therewith_o ebranck_n ebranck_n after_o the_o unfortunate_a death_n of_o his_o father_n by_o the_o general_a consent_n and_o approbation_n of_o both_o noble_n and_o commons_o be_v invest_v in_o the_o regal_a dignity_n anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la creationis_fw-la other_o policronica_n gaufride_n and_o 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_fw-la germanis_fw-la fratribus_fw-la who_o subdue_v it_o ebrank_v thus_o fortunate_a either_o in_o his_o own_o undertake_n or_o in_o these_o of_o his_o child_n have_v settle_v his_o affair_n to_o his_o heart_n desire_v begin_v to_o take_v into_o consideration_n the_o beautify_v and_o strengthen_v britannia_n and_o as_o brutus_n about_o a_o hundred_o and_o forty_o year_n if_o he_o build_v it_o in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n before_o to_o his_o eternal_a glory_n have_v build_v troynovant_n ebranck_n with_o no_o less_o ambition_n to_o continue_v and_o perpetuate_v his_o name_n and_o memory_n lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o glorious_a city_n call_v it_o be_v full_o finish_v after_o his_o own_o nomenclation_n caer_n ebrank_n which_o now_o we_o call_v york_n a_o late_a learned_a author_n say_v it_o be_v a_o common_a receive_v opinion_n among_o our_o antiquary_n 2._o mr._n brough_n fol._n 280._o 2._o that_o ebrancus_n son_n to_o mempricius_n a_o hundred_o year_n after_o the_o
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leighus_o thus_o much_o i_o have_v add_v to_o confirm_v the_o history_n of_o our_o british_a king_n and_o his_o daughter_n i_o forbear_v to_o translate_v it_o have_v already_o out_o of_o other_o author_n relate_v the_o same_o in_o effect_n robert_n bossu_fw-la have_v put_v his_o sovereign_a king_n hen._n 2._o to_o much_o trouble_n in_o repentance_n of_o these_o mischief_n build_v the_o monastery_n of_o st._n marry_o de_fw-fr pratis_n wherein_o he_o become_v a_o canon_n regular_n and_o for_o fifteen_o year_n continuance_n in_o sad_a lamentation_n serve_v god_n in_o continual_a prayer_n with_o the_o like_a devotion_n henry_n the_o first_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n build_v a_o hospital_n for_o a_o hundred_o
the_o pprophecy_n be_v fulfil_v which_o be_v make_v good_a in_o constantine_n the_o great_a who_o as_o both_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n and_o son_n of_o helen_n the_o daughter_n of_o coillus_n a_o british_a king_n bear_v in_o this_o isle_n and_o emperor_n of_o rome_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v of_o the_o whole_a world_n rome_n be_v style_v totius_fw-la terrarum_fw-la orbis_fw-la regina_fw-la or_o domina_fw-la lady_n and_o queen_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n vitus_n set_v down_o the_o order_n and_o succession_n of_o the_o king_n of_o brutus_n his_o lineage_n with_o the_o term_n and_o continuance_n of_o their_o reign_n but_o differ_v much_o from_o the_o account_n of_o fabian_n and_o other_o writer_n for_o he_o say_v 1._o rex_fw-la brutus_n priscus_n begin_v in_o the_o year_n from_o the_o world_n creation_n 2855._o and_o reign_v four_o and_o twenty_o year_n 2._o locrine_n 2879._o and_o reign_v 10._o 3._o madanus_fw-la 2889._o and_o reign_v 40._o 4._o membritius_fw-la 2929._o and_o reign_v 20._o 5._o ebrancus_n 2949._o and_o reign_v 40._o 6_o brutus_n junior_n 2980._o and_o reign_v 12._o 7._o leilus_n 3001._o and_o reign_v 25._o 8._o rudibras_n 3026._o and_o reign_v 39_o 9_o fladus_n 3065._o and_o reign_v 20._o 10._o king_n 3085._o and_o reign_v 60._o 11._o cordeilla_fw-la 3145._o and_o reign_v 5._o 12._o morganus_n &_o cunedagius_fw-la begin_v to_o reign_n 3150._o 13._o rivallo_n 3185._o and_o reign_v 46._o 14._o gurgustius_fw-la 3231._o and_o reign_v 38._o 15._o sisillius_fw-la 3269._o and_o reign_v 49._o 16._o jago_n 3318._o and_o reign_v 25._o 17._o chynemarces_n 3343._o and_o reign_v 54_o 18._o gorbodio_n 3397._o and_o reign_v 63._o 19_o ferrex_n &_o porrex_n 3460._o and_o reign_v 5._o which_o computation_n as_o he_o tell_v we_o complete_v six_o hundred_o and_o ten_o year_n during_o all_o which_o time_n the_o progeny_n of_o brute_n hold_v the_o sceptre_n of_o britain_n and_o then_o follow_v the_o pentarchy_n epilogus_fw-la libri_fw-la 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after_o the_o accord_n of_o most_o writer_n anno_fw-la mundi_fw-la four_o thousand_o and_o twenty_o whereunto_o if_o there_o he_o add_v three_o year_n for_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o rule_n in_o which_o year_n as_o before_o be_v declare_v xviii_o iiii_o m._n xviii_o troy_n be_v sack_v and_o destroy_v and_o forty_o year_n which_o pass_v before_o brute_n enter_v albion_n it_o must_v follow_v that_o brute_n come_v into_o this_o island_n in_o the_o year_n of_o the_o world_n creation_n xlii_o xlii_o four_o thousand_o threescore_o and_o three_o mulmutius_n dunwallo_n mvlmutius_n dunwallo_n or_o as_o other_o please_v dunwallo_n mulmutius_n the_o son_n of_o glotene_n duke_n or_o king_n of_o cornwall_n as_o the_o english_a book_n and_o also_o gaufride_n affirm_v after_o he_o have_v full_o subdue_v and_o conquer_v the_o five_o petty_a king_n or_o prince_n before_o mention_v and_o have_v bring_v the_o island_n into_o a_o pentarchy_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n of_o britain_n in_o 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confugiens_fw-la extrabi_fw-la possit_fw-la prius_fw-la quam_fw-la
to_o prevent_v all_o opportunity_n which_o may_v help_v and_o further_a his_o brother_n at_o his_o land_n be_v now_o in_o northumberland_n and_o have_v intelligence_n of_o the_o danish_a king_n arrival_n with_o so_o small_a a_o company_n he_o command_v his_o person_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o follower_n to_o be_v secure_v and_o commit_v to_o safe_a custody_n upon_o which_o discovery_n brennus_n send_v peremptory_o to_o his_o brother_n not_o only_o to_o surrender_v his_o territory_n injurious_o as_o be_v complain_v take_v from_o he_o but_o also_o his_o then_o in_o his_o possession_n a_o prisoner_n violent_o ravish_v from_o he_o by_o guilthdacus_fw-la the_o king_n of_o denmark_n these_o proposal_n or_o rather_o demand_n bellinus_n absolute_o deny_v insomuch_o that_o brennus_n have_v gather_v together_o his_o scatter_a and_o disperse_a navy_n new_a rig_v his_o fleet_n reinforce_v his_o army_n and_o with_o fresh_a supply_n and_o strong_a recruit_n once_o more_o put_v forth_o to_o 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not_o only_o a_o
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lodge_v and_o courteous_o entertain_v in_o the_o house_n of_o one_o scadasus_n who_o have_v two_o handsome_a woman_n to_o his_o daughter_n and_o return_v that_o way_n short_o after_o and_o find_v the_o two_o young_a woman_n at_o home_n and_o their_o father_n absent_a first_o ravish_v one_o after_o kill_v they_o both_o their_o father_n at_o his_o return_n find_v his_o daughter_n slay_v and_o understand_v who_o have_v be_v the_o doer_n of_o it_o go_v to_o lacedaemon_n to_o crave_v justice_n against_o the_o malefactor_n but_o so_o potent_a be_v they_o and_o their_o friend_n there_o that_o he_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n obtain_v it_o whereupon_o after_o infinite_a malediction_n pour_v forth_o in_o the_o sorrow_n of_o his_o heart_n against_o they_o and_o their_o state_n he_o go_v home_o and_o desperate_o kill_v himself_o upon_o the_o grave_n of_o his_o daughter_n not_o long_o after_o war_n grow_v between_o the_o theban_n and_o the_o lacedaemonian_n the_o soul_n of_o scadasus_n appear_v to_o 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kingdom_n of_o spain_n conquer_v by_o the_o moor_n and_o possess_v by_o they_o 700_o year_n for_o that_o offence_n for_o when_o the_o kingdom_n have_v flourish_v as_o well_o in_o religion_n as_o power_n from_o the_o time_n of_o k._n recared_n the_o first_o catholic_n king_n thereof_o the_o space_n of_o 120_o year_n the_o wicked_a king_n vitiza_n be_v a_o man_n like_o this_o our_o vrianus_n give_v over_o to_o lust_n and_o carnality_n infect_v and_o corrupt_v all_o spain_n not_o only_o with_o the_o bad_a example_n of_o his_o own_o dissolute_a life_n have_v divers_a wife_n at_o once_o beside_o many_o concubine_n but_o also_o with_o abominable_a law_n whereby_o he_o give_v leave_v to_o all_o sort_n of_o man_n to_o have_v as_o many_o wife_n &_o concubine_n as_o they_o list_v yea_o and_o force_v priest_n and_o such_o as_o will_v have_v live_v chaste_a to_o marry_v by_o which_o mean_v all_o spain_n become_v within_o a_o while_n to_o be_v no_o better_o than_o a_o common_a stew_n or_o brothel_n 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as_o some_o write_v his_o wife_n the_o count_n understanding_n it_o at_o his_o return_n be_v so_o incense_v therewith_o against_o the_o king_n that_o in_o revenge_n thereof_o he_o practise_v with_o the_o moor_n to_o bring_v they_o into_o spain_n who_o with_o his_o assistance_n conquer_v it_o speedy_o and_o with_o such_o destruction_n of_o the_o people_n that_o the_o punishment_n of_o god_n be_v evident_o see_v therein_o for_o have_v first_o overthrow_v king_n roderick_n who_o body_n can_v never_o after_o the_o battle_n be_v find_v they_o subdue_v almost_o all_o spain_n in_o eight_o month_n or_o in_o fourteen_o as_o some_o say_v and_o slay_v 700000_o of_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n beside_o great_a number_n of_o captive_n which_o they_o send_v prisoner_n into_o barbary_n and_o from_o that_o time_n forward_o remain_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o that_o kingdom_n or_o of_o some_o part_n thereof_o for_o the_o space_n of_o 700_o year_n eliud_v eliud_v reign_v five_o year_n he_o be_v a_o great_a astronomer_n astrologiae_fw-la peritissimus_fw-la rex_fw-la this_o vain_a study_n especial_o of_o judicial_a astrology_n in_o these_o our_o day_n be_v much_o in_o request_n even_o among_o trooper_n disband_v some_o of_o who_o i_o know_v so_o ignorant_a that_o they_o can_v write_v true_a english_a nay_o scarce_o read_v the_o professor_n of_o this_o science_n especial_o such_o as_o will_v seem_v to_o be_v learn_v will_v make_v it_o very_o ancient_a fetch_v the_o original_a from_o the_o egyptian_n and_o babylonian_n the_o most_o ancient_a of_o all_o mortal_n jactabant_fw-la olim_fw-la astrologi_fw-la chaldaeos_fw-la quadringinta_fw-la &_o septuaginta_fw-la annorum_fw-la millia_fw-la in_o periclitandis_fw-la experiendisque_fw-la pveris_fw-la quicunque_fw-la nascerentur_fw-la posuisse_fw-la to_o have_v spend_v forty_o and_o seventy_o thousand_o year_n and_o yet_o the_o chaldean_n have_v their_o beginning_n at_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o tower_n of_o babel_n and_o picus_n mirandulanus_n in_o his_o second_o chapter_n of_o his_o 12._o book_n to_o
'_o imperator_fw-la victoriam_fw-la svam_fw-la gaudenter_fw-la attribuit_fw-la and_o this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o chief_a occasion_n of_o the_o mistake_n in_o some_o historian_n or_o their_o scribe_n set_v down_o so_o many_o and_o several_a time_n when_o king_n lucius_n receive_v the_o christian_a faith_n or_o profess_v it_o many_o say_n it_o be_v in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 156._o other_o in_o the_o year_n 164._o and_o other_o 185_o as_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n and_o other_o henry_n of_o hartford_n 169._o and_o other_o in_o other_o and_o late_a time_n that_o such_o be_v the_o state_n of_o britain_n for_o spiritual_a affair_n in_o this_o idolatry_n and_o superstition_n daily_o diminish_v and_o decay_v and_o christian_a religion_n in_o all_o place_n and_o person_n increase_v and_o multiply_v both_o authority_n and_o the_o know_v certain_a effect_n itself_o the_o sure_a testimony_n in_o such_o case_n shall_v witness_v and_o this_o be_v the_o condition_n thereof_o until_o about_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o papacy_n of_o st._n soter_n or_o in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o year_n thereof_o about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o redemption_n 175._o when_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o edict_n of_o marcus_n aurelius_n emperor_n before_o the_o strange_a delivery_n of_o he_o and_o his_o army_n by_o the_o christian_n miraculous_a prayer_n he_o suffer_v many_o christian_n to_o live_v in_o quiet_a and_o have_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o about_o he_o invenique_fw-la magnam_fw-la eorum_fw-la multitudinem_fw-la and_o see_v himself_o and_o his_o army_n in_o distress_n send_v for_o they_o and_o entreat_v they_o to_o pray_v for_o his_o delivery_n eos_n qui_fw-la apud_fw-la nos_fw-la christiani_n dicuntur_fw-la ac_fw-la accersivi_fw-la ac_fw-la rogavi_fw-la which_o he_o will_v not_o have_v do_v be_v a_o wise_a and_o learned_a emperor_n but_o that_o either_o by_o the_o apology_n of_o athenagoras_n the_o virtue_n and_o miracle_n of_o many_o christian_n or_o some_o other_o invincible_a argument_n his_o judgement_n be_v then_o whole_o or_o almost_o convict_v that_o their_o religion_n be_v holy_a and_o they_o also_o and_o therefore_o likely_a to_o be_v powerable_a with_o god_n to_o procure_v his_o safety_n which_o his_o own_o prayer_n and_o sacrifice_n to_o his_o pagan_a god_n be_v not_o able_a to_o do_v '_o deos_fw-la patrios_fw-la votis_fw-la '_o susceptis_fw-la rogavi_fw-la sed_fw-la cum_fw-la ab_fw-la eye_v negligerer_n as_o himself_o public_o profess_v and_o therefore_o prefer_v the_o prayer_n of_o the_o christian_n appeal_v unto_o they_o but_o after_o god_n by_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o christian_n which_o he_o procure_v they_o to_o make_v have_v so_o miraculous_o deliver_v he_o and_o his_o army_n consist_v but_o of_o four_o legion_n not_o 27_o thousand_o man_n environ_v almost_o with_o a_o thousand_o thousand_o of_o enemy_n as_o the_o common_a read_n be_v '_o hostium_fw-la nonagintorum_fw-la &_o septuaginta_fw-la '_o septem_fw-la millia_fw-la and_o his_o people_n distress_v with_o thirst_n and_o hunger_n not_o have_v drink_v in_o five_o day_n by_o send_v a_o most_o cool_a and_o comfort_v rain_n into_o the_o camp_n of_o the_o distress_a emperor_n and_o hail_n like_o fire_n and_o lightning_n among_o his_o enemy_n confound_v and_o discomfit_v they_o he_o present_o send_v out_o his_o imperial_a letter_n and_o edict_n charge_v the_o senate_n of_o rome_n to_o confirm_v they_o with_o their_o decree_n wherein_o whole_o ascribe_v this_o delivery_n of_o his_o army_n and_o himself_o and_o confusion_n of_o his_o enemy_n to_o the_o god_n of_o the_o christian_n and_o their_o prayer_n unto_o he_o wherein_o he_o give_v free_a liberty_n for_o any_o man_n to_o be_v a_o christian_n concedamus_fw-la talibus_fw-la ut_fw-la sint_fw-la christiani_n and_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v molest_v for_o be_v a_o christian_a for_o religion_n censeo_fw-la neminem_fw-la quod_fw-la christianus_n sit_v esse_fw-la in_o crimen_fw-la vel_fw-la judicium_fw-la vocandum_fw-la and_o he_o that_o shall_v accuse_v any_o christian_n for_o religion_n shall_v be_v burn_v alive_a and_o that_o he_o that_o shall_v profess_v himself_o to_o be_v a_o christian_n shall_v be_v free_v from_o all_o danger_n intend_v against_o he_o for_o that_o cause_n and_o no_o governor_n of_o any_o province_n shall_v punish_v any_o such_o for_o his_o religion_n or_o deprive_v he_o of_o liberty_n volo_fw-la eum_fw-la qui_fw-la christianum_fw-la accusarit_fw-la vivum_fw-la exuri_fw-la illum_fw-la vero_fw-la qui_fw-la se_fw-la christianum_fw-la esse_fw-la professus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la periculo_fw-la omni_fw-la quod_fw-la ob_fw-la eam_fw-la rem_fw-la intendebatur_fw-la liberatum_fw-la be_v cvi_fw-la provincia_fw-la commissa_fw-la est_fw-la nequaquam_fw-la ad_fw-la poenitentiam_fw-la adigat_fw-la aut_fw-la libertatem_fw-la ei_fw-la adimat_fw-la and_o he_o will_v these_o thing_n to_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o senate_n decree_n and_o this_o his_o edict_n to_o be_v propose_v in_o open_a market_n place_n to_o be_v read_v and_o that_o the_o perfect_a of_o the_o city_n then_o vetrasius_fw-la pollio_n shall_v cause_v it_o to_o be_v send_v to_o all_o province_n and_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v forbid_v to_o write_v it_o out_o haec_fw-la autem_fw-la senatus_n consulto_fw-la etiam_fw-la sanciri_fw-la volo_fw-la atque_fw-la hoc_fw-la meum_fw-la edictum_fw-la in_o foro_fw-la divi_z trajani_n proponi_fw-la ut_fw-la legi_fw-la possit_fw-la curae_fw-la autem_fw-la erit_fw-la vetrasio_fw-la pollioni_n praefecto_fw-la vrbis_fw-la ut_fw-la ad_fw-la omnes_fw-la provincias_fw-la haec_fw-la constitutio_fw-la mittatur_fw-la neque_fw-la quisquam_fw-la qui_fw-la eam_fw-la exscribere_fw-la vel_fw-la ipse_fw-la uti_fw-la voluerit_fw-la prohibeatur_fw-la this_o be_v send_v to_o the_o whole_a senate_n of_o rome_n senatui_fw-la populoque_fw-la romano_n and_o by_o the_o emperor_n public_a charge_n and_o command_v as_o into_o other_o province_n so_o likewise_o send_v into_o britain_n for_o the_o privilege_n of_o all_o christian_n there_o by_o the_o emperor_n public_a officer_n in_o such_o affair_n the_o ruler_n of_o the_o ctiy_n of_o rome_n ad_fw-la omnes_fw-la provincias_fw-la haec_fw-la constituo_fw-la mittatur_fw-la any_o man_n that_o will_v may_v free_o be_v a_o christian_n and_o no_o man_n under_o pain_n of_o cruel_a death_n to_o burn_v be_v alive_a may_v call_v any_o into_o question_n for_o that_o cause_n and_o to_o give_v great_a testimony_n of_o those_o thing_n in_o britain_n and_o see_v this_o imperial_a edict_n for_o the_o freedom_n of_o christian_n here_o take_v place_n and_o effect_n whereas_o our_o english_a antiquary_n and_o other_o tell_v we_o 181._o floren._n wigorn._n chronic._n anno_fw-la 159._o 181._o that_o trebellius_n and_o pertinax_n the_o roman_a lieutenant_n here_o about_o this_o time_n be_v christian_n our_o countryman_n florentius_n wigorniensis_n plain_o affirm_v that_o pertinax_n be_v a_o chief_a commander_n in_o the_o emperor_n army_n when_o this_o miraculous_a victory_n be_v by_o the_o christian_n prayer_n and_o this_o edict_n write_v and_o decree_v for_o their_o freedom_n and_o liberty_n and_o probable_o be_v then_o convert_v to_o the_o faith_n by_o this_o miracle_n and_o the_o emperor_n himself_o who_o in_o his_o public_a cite_a edict_n do_v say_v of_o christian_n that_o in_o equity_n he_o must_v think_v they_o now_o to_o be_v defend_v by_o god_n who_o before_o he_o account_v for_o wicked_a man_n and_o alienate_v from_o god_n must_v needs_o be_v a_o christian_n in_o conscience_n and_o judgement_n and_o he_o must_v needs_o at_o the_o least_o believe_v that_o true_a god_n who_o he_o say_v the_o christian_n do_v bear_v in_o their_o conscience_n and_o in_o no_o wise_a a_o learned_a emperor_n can_v or_o will_v in_o judgement_n reason_n equity_n and_o conscience_n make_v a_o law_n to_o condemn_v man_n to_o so_o cruel_a a_o death_n as_o burn_v alive_a which_o he_o afflict_v upon_o the_o accuser_n of_o christian_n except_o he_o know_v or_o probable_o think_v their_o accusation_n be_v unjust_a and_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o accuse_v lawful_a just_a and_o holy_a coillus_n coillus_n the_o son_n of_o marius_n be_v after_o his_o father_n decease_n make_v king_n of_o britain_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 125._o rome_n k._n coillus_n bring_v up_o at_o rome_n say_v holinsh_v fabian_n say_v 126._o this_o coillus_n or_o coill_n have_v his_o youthful_a education_n among_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o very_a imperial_a city_n itself_o who_o be_v of_o a_o martial_a spirit_n apply_v his_o time_n to_o warlike_a exercise_n in_o which_o he_o so_o excel_v that_o he_o be_v both_o admire_v and_o belove_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o to_o requite_v their_o favour_n and_o to_o continue_v towards_o he_o their_o good_a affection_n he_o pay_v without_o any_o grudge_n or_o seem_v discontent_n their_o accustom_a tribute_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o spend_v his_o day_n in_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n he_o so_o far_o excel_v in_o bounty_n &_o liberality_n that_o he_o draw_v unto_o himself_o the_o heart_n and_o good_a will_n both_o of_o the_o noble_n and_o commons_o the_o building_n of_o colchester_n be_v ascribe_v to_o this_o king_n which_o be_v the_o
a_o parish_n church_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o saint_n dervian_n as_o a_o church_n either_o by_o he_o found_v or_o to_o he_o dedicate_v so_o likewise_o be_v there_o another_o in_o glamorganshire_n call_v saint_n fagan_o where_o every_o year_n be_v a_o very_a great_a fair_a continue_v many_o day_n where_o also_o my_o honour_a patron_n the_o right_a noble_a william_n lewes_n of_o the_o van_n esq_n son_n to_o sir_n edward_n lewes_n and_o the_o right_n honourable_a lady_n beauchamp_n daughter_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o dorset_n have_v a_o stately_a habitation_n and_o if_o i_o mistake_v not_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o manor_n betwixt_o this_o elutherius_n and_o king_n lucius_n many_o letter_n pass_v and_o the_o say_a bishop_n grant_v many_o privilege_n to_o university_n and_o place_n of_o learning_n in_o britain_n as_o to_o cambridge_n stanford_n cricklade_n or_o greeklade_n and_o in_o glamorganshire_n i_o suppose_v this_o place_n be_v either_o caerwent_n or_o caerleon_n for_o all_o which_o be_v now_o call_v monmouthshire_n be_v then_o call_v glamorgan_n where_o they_o say_v learning_n flourish_v as_o well_o as_o at_o cambridge_n before_o the_o come_n of_o julius_n caesar_n 270._o mr._n bro._n f._n 270._o and_o the_o school_n of_o glamorgan_n be_v so_o near_o caerleon_n upon_o vsk_n in_o that_o country_n where_o one_o of_o the_o three_o great_a idolatrous_a temple_n of_o britain_n and_o seat_n of_o the_o archflamen_n of_o those_o western_a province_n be_v and_o thereby_o a_o nursery_n of_o paganism_n which_o those_o holy_a man_n labour_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o root_v out_o and_o for_o that_o cause_n where_o archflaman_n be_v archbishop_n be_v place_v and_o where_o flamen_n bishop_n the_o british_a history_n ponticus_n virunnius_n and_o other_o say_v of_o these_o prelate_n that_o they_o deliver_v the_o britain_n from_o idolatry_n and_o convert_v they_o to_o christ_n radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la in_o his_o manuscript_n history_n prove_v as_o much_o that_o they_o convert_v all_o the_o city_n of_o britain_n as_o well_o as_o their_o flamen_n and_o archflaman_n by_o who_o they_o be_v direct_v in_o their_o idolatrous_a worship_n as_o other_o and_o the_o principal_a state_n and_o member_n of_o this_o kingdom_n king_n lucius_n his_o noble_n university_n philosopher_n flamen_n and_o chief_a priest_n and_o teacher_n of_o the_o pagan_a subject_n and_o their_o chief_a place_n of_o commorancy_n and_o command_v be_v thus_o convert_v the_o conquest_n over_o the_o vulgar_a sort_n be_v easy_a and_o soon_o effect_v the_o author_n of_o the_o british_a history_n testify_v 271._o mr._n br._n f._n 271._o that_o so_o soon_o as_o the_o people_n of_o britain_n know_v that_o their_o king_n be_v a_o christian_a they_o gather_v themselves_o together_o to_o be_v catechise_v and_o receive_v baptism_n and_o that_o those_o holy_a legate_n do_v blot_v out_o paganism_n almost_o through_o all_o the_o island_n and_o ponticus_n virunnius_n say_v that_o they_o baptize_v all_o the_o people_n of_o britain_n all_o this_o may_v easy_o be_v confirm_v by_o divers_a author_n but_o i_o will_v conclude_v with_o harding_n eluthery_n the_o first_o at_o supplication_n of_o lucius_n send_v he_o two_o holy_a man_n that_o call_v be_v fagan_n and_o dungen_n that_o baptise_a he_o and_o all_o his_o realm_n throughout_o with_o heart_n glad_a and_o labour_v devout_a there_o be_v then_o twenty_o eight_o flamen_n and_o three_o archflaman_n to_o who_o power_n other_o judge_n be_v subject_a and_o these_o by_o the_o command_n of_o the_o pope_n his_o legate_n deliver_v from_o idolatry_n and_o where_o there_o be_v flamen_n they_o place_v bishop_n where_o archflaman_n archbishop_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o archflaman_n be_v in_o the_o three_o most_o noble_a city_n london_n york_n and_o the_o city_n of_o legion_n which_o the_o old_a wall_n and_o building_n do_v witness_v to_o have_v be_v upon_o the_o river_n of_o vsk_n in_o glamorgan_n king_n lucius_z send_v to_o elutherius_n not_o only_o for_o his_o assistance_n in_o spiritual_a matter_n but_o also_o in_o his_o temporal_a hollinshed_n mr._n br._n f._n 301._o 6._o bridge_n defence_n l._n 16._o p._n 1355._o galf._n mon._n l._n 2._o c._n 17._o bro._n virunnius_n stow_n hollinshed_n as_o the_o govern_v his_o people_n and_o make_v wholesome_a law_n the_o law_n which_o be_v establish_v here_o be_v the_o old_a britain_n law_n ascribe_v for_o their_o great_a part_n to_o mulmutius_n dunwallo_n correct_v and_o make_v conformable_a to_o holy_a christian_a religion_n we_o have_v all_o kind_n of_o antiquity_n british_a saxon_a french_a italian_n ancient_n and_o modern_a for_o witness_n these_o law_n be_v translate_v out_o of_o british_a into_o latin_a long_a before_o this_o time_n by_o the_o ancient_a gildas_n that_o live_v about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n as_o many_o both_o ancient_a and_o late_a writer_n agree_v and_o continue_v here_o till_o late_a time_n and_o in_o divers_a respect_n at_o this_o present_a king_n lucius_z be_v thus_o inform_v and_o secure_v in_o conscience_n by_o saint_n elutherius_n his_o letter_n and_o by_o his_o declaration_n that_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o britain_n with_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o his_o temporal_a charge_n and_o government_n and_o that_o so_o much_o as_o he_o can_v he_o be_v to_o win_v his_o subject_n to_o the_o faith_n and_o law_n of_o christ_n and_o his_o holy_a church_n and_o provide_v for_o the_o peace_n and_o quiet_a of_o the_o same_o and_o the_o member_n thereof_o he_o do_v first_o in_o receive_v and_o admit_v these_o new_a correct_v law_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o noble_n of_o his_o kingdom_n see_v they_o so_o qualify_v that_o they_o be_v for_o the_o defence_n and_o propagation_n of_o christian_a religion_n and_o further_o found_v many_o godly_a costly_a and_o memorable_a monument_n as_o church_n university_n or_o school_n monastery_n and_o other_o such_o comfort_n help_n and_o furtherance_n of_o that_o holy_a end_n so_o that_o as_o he_o be_v the_o first_o king_n that_o public_o with_o his_o kingdom_n profess_v christ_n so_o he_o win_v the_o honour_n to_o be_v the_o first_o nurse_n father_n among_o king_n of_o his_o holy_a church_n as_o the_o prophet_n have_v foretell_v king_n shall_v be_v thy_o nurse_n father_n he_o be_v also_o first_o among_o king_n call_v proper_o the_o vicegerent_n of_o god_n be_v the_o first_o king_n which_o so_o religious_o perform_v his_o will_n and_o that_o title_n which_o the_o pope_n give_v to_o king_n henry_n the_o 8._o when_o he_o be_v better_a than_o he_o prove_v after_o defender_n of_o the_o faith_n be_v among_o king_n the_o first_o due_a and_o right_n of_o king_n lucius_n for_o his_o so_o heroical_a and_o religious_a fortitude_n and_o magnanimity_n in_o defend_v the_o faith_n and_o church_n of_o christ_n be_v now_o come_v to_o celebrate_v the_o day_n of_o the_o death_n of_o our_o glorious_a king_n lucius_n for_o the_o joy_n that_o he_o enjoy_v thereby_o 1._o mr._n br._n f._n 346._o 1._o and_o bewail_v it_o for_o the_o unspeakable_a loss_n this_o nation_n receive_v thereby_o we_o be_v to_o fall_v into_o some_o difficulty_n both_o of_o the_o time_n and_o place_n thereof_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n in_o his_o manuscript-history_n of_o glasten_n and_o other_o old_a antiquity_n do_v prove_v that_o st._n damianus_n and_o faganus_n after_o they_o have_v convert_v this_o kingdom_n continue_v nine_o year_n at_o glastenbury_n at_o the_o least_o king_n lucius_n still_o live_v and_o reign_v here_o polidor_n lilly_n hollinshed_n stow_n and_o other_o cleave_v to_o this_o opinion_n a_o great_a controversy_n arise_v where_o this_o king_n die_v many_o foreign_a author_n say_v that_o he_o forsake_v his_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n and_o become_v a_o clergyman_n go_v into_o germany_n to_o convert_v that_o nation_n be_v bishop_n of_o cur_n and_o there_o be_v martyr_a the_o day_n of_o his_o death_n be_v agree_v upon_o by_o all_o to_o have_v be_v on_o the_o three_o day_n of_o december_n but_o if_o those_o author_n who_o transport_v this_o our_o bless_a king_n into_o germany_n look_v but_o upon_o what_o have_v be_v say_v before_o they_o shall_v find_v that_o it_o be_v not_o lucius_n who_o be_v actual_o king_n of_o britain_n and_o convert_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o st._n elutherius_n but_o another_o lucius_n who_o be_v indeed_o son_n of_o a_o king_n of_o britain_n and_o may_v have_v be_v king_n himself_o have_v he_o not_o be_v banish_v for_o the_o reason_n before_o relate_v and_o this_o be_v that_o st._n lucius_n who_o with_o his_o sister_n st._n emerita_n be_v both_o crown_v with_o the_o glorious_a crown_n of_o martyrdom_n in_o germany_n that_o our_o first_o christian_n k._n lucius_n can_v not_o be_v bishop_n of_o cur_n be_v evident_a for_o have_v be_v so_o long_a king_n here_o he_o be_v so_o disable_v for_o age_n that_o he_o be_v nor_o capable_a of_o such_o a_o journey_n further_o they_o which_o
then_o all_o the_o rest_n adorn_v with_o christian_a religion_n and_o perfect_o instruct_v with_o his_o holy_a word_n and_o doctrine_n he_o reign_v as_o some_o write_v 21_o year_n though_o other_o affirm_v but_o twelve_o again_o some_o testify_v that_o he_o reign_v 77._o other_o say_v 54._o and_o harrison_n 43._o king_n lucius_n die_v without_o issue_n by_o reason_n whereof_o ensue_v much_o trouble_n as_o be_v say_v before_o concern_v the_o first_o inclination_n of_o k._n lucius_n to_o christian_n religion_n in_o the_o time_n of_o pope_n higinius_n mr._n broughton_n thus_o discourse_v although_o i_o do_v not_o find_v it_o express_o affirm_v by_o any_o antiquary_n but_o harding_n that_o st._n higinius_n in_o that_o time_n bishop_n of_o rome_n do_v so_o particular_o give_v assistance_n and_o direction_n in_o this_o business_n of_o our_o britain_n conversion_n yet_o many_o and_o very_a renown_a writer_n give_v such_o testimony_n therein_o that_o we_o must_v needs_o grant_v that_o to_o be_v most_o true_a which_o harding_n affirm_v and_o that_o after-coming_a scribe_n and_o copier_n of_o their_o history_n have_v do_v the_o author_n wrong_v by_o their_o negligence_n or_o ignorance_n in_o writing_n one_o man_n for_o another_o elutherius_n for_o higinius_n for_o among_o other_o st._n bede_n as_o he_o be_v extant_a say_v that_o king_n lucius_n of_o britain_n do_v write_v to_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n in_o the_o year_n of_o the_o incarnation_n of_o our_o lord_n 156._o that_o by_o his_o order_n and_o command_v he_o may_v be_v a_o christian_n the_o m._n s._n antiquity_n of_o the_o church_n of_o landaff_n more_o ancient_a in_o probable_a judgement_n then_o st._n bede_n and_o write_v by_o a_o britain_n which_o shall_v not_o be_v ignorant_a in_o that_o the_o great_a business_n of_o his_o country_n give_v the_o same_o testimony_n of_o the_o same_o year_n 156._o the_o ancient_a author_n of_o the_o british_a history_n also_o a_o britain_n make_v k._n lucius_n a_o christian_n in_o and_o before_o this_o year_n 156_o in_o direct_a term_n so_o testify_v the_o old_a history_n call_v brutus_n ancient_a record_n belong_v to_o guildhall_n in_o london_n the_o antiquity_n of_o st._n edward_n law_n goceline_n in_o the_o life_n of_o st._n aug._n so_o write_v naucl._n and_o divers_a ancient_a manuscript_n writer_n which_o i_o have_v see_v say_v the_o learned_a mr._n br._n this_o be_v the_o state_n of_o the_o church_n in_o britain_n when_o new_a trouble_n begin_v to_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o province_n for_o the_o northern_a britain_n make_v a_o breach_n in_o the_o wall_n 210._o mr._n br._n fol._n 210._o which_o adrian_n the_o emperor_n have_v build_v and_o find_v the_o border_n but_o weak_o guard_v enter_v the_o province_n and_o surprise_v the_o roman_a general_n and_o kill_v many_o of_o his_o soldier_n then_o range_v the_o country_n they_o waste_v and_o spoil_v everywhere_o without_o resistance_n till_o vlpius_n marcellus_n be_v send_v over_o by_o commodus_n the_o 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of_o his_o bread_n have_v take_v away_o all_o taste_n that_o may_v either_o please_v the_o sense_n or_o provoke_v the_o appetite_n the_o day_n time_n for_o the_o most_o part_n he_o spend_v in_o view_v his_o camp_n and_o train_v young_a soldier_n and_o give_v direction_n to_o officer_n in_o the_o night_n he_o write_v letter_n and_o make_v dispatch_n into_o divers_a part_n of_o the_o province_n as_o occasion_n require_v he_o sleep_v very_o little_a by_o reason_n of_o his_o thin_a diet_n and_o much_o business_n wherewith_o he_o be_v continual_o occupy_v for_o he_o think_v that_o man_n who_o sleep_v a_o whole_a night_n together_o be_v no_o meet_a man_n to_o be_v either_o a_o counsellor_n to_o a_o prince_n or_o a_o commander_n of_o a_o army_n every_o evening_n he_o use_v to_o write_v instruction_n upon_o twelve_o table_n make_v of_o linden_n tree_n which_o table_n he_o deliver_v to_o one_o of_o his_o servant_n appoint_v he_o to_o carry_v they_o at_o sundry_a hour_n of_o the_o night_n to_o certain_a of_o his_o soldier_n who_o thereby_o suppose_v that_o their_o general_n be_v still_o wake_v and_o not_o go_v to_o bed_n be_v the_o more_o careful_a in_o keep_v the_o watch_n and_o prevent_v sudden_a attempt_n in_o the_o night_n season_n he_o be_v severe_a in_o execution_n of_o justice_n not_o to_o be_v lead_v by_o favour_n nor_o to_o be_v corrupt_v with_o bribe_n he_o levy_v money_n only_o as_o necessary_a for_o the_o war_n not_o to_o enrich_v himself_o or_o his_o friend_n as_o other_o governor_n in_o former_a time_n have_v do_v for_o he_o never_o prefer_v his_o own_o private_a before_o the_o public_a nor_o a_o wealthy_a estate_n before_o a_o honourable_a reputation_n the_o fame_n of_o those_o virtue_n as_o they_o make_v he_o much_o respect_v both_o of_o his_o own_o soldier_n and_o the_o britain_n so_o they_o procure_v envy_n which_o always_o follow_v virtue_n inseparable_o as_o a_o shadow_n do_v the_o body_n for_o commodus_n the_o emperor_n understanding_n how_o marcellus_n have_v carry_v himself_o in_o britain_n be_v much_o displease_v therewith_o and_o think_v it_o best_a to_o cut_v he_o off_o but_o some_o accident_n happen_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n to_o make_v he_o change_v that_o purpose_n he_o only_o send_v letter_n of_o discharge_n and_o so_o dismiss_v he_o of_o the_o office_n after_o departure_n of_o marcellus_n the_o army_n have_v be_v keep_v in_o by_o hard_a hand_n and_o find_v now_o the_o rein_n let_v loose_a upon_o a_o sudden_a begin_v to_o be_v mutinous_a and_o refuse_v to_o acknowledge_v commodus_n for_o their_o emperor_n these_o disorder_n perennius_fw-la one_o of_o his_o favourite_n take_v upon_o he_o to_o redress_v by_o displace_v such_o person_n as_o he_o suspect_v and_o commit_v their_o office_n to_o man_n of_o mean_a quality_n wherewith_o the_o legion_n be_v much_o discontent_v disdain_v that_o instead_o of_o senator_n &_o man_n of_o consular_a degree_n they_o shall_v now_o be_v govern_v by_o upstart_n and_o base_a companion_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o those_o broil_n about_o fifteen_o soldier_n forsake_v the_o army_n and_o go_v to_o rome_n where_o they_o exhibit_v to_o the_o emperor_n a_o bill_n of_o complaint_n against_o perennius_fw-la who_o they_o charge_v as_o the_o chief_a author_n of_o the_o dissension_n in_o the_o army_n by_o bring_v in_o new_a custom_n by_o exceed_v his_o commission_n and_o do_v thing_n derogatory_n to_o the_o majesty_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n these_o and_o other_o thing_n as_o well_o false_a as_o true_a be_v object_v against_o he_o by_o the_o multitude_n who_o for_o the_o most_o part_n dislike_v such_o as_o exercise_v authority_n over_o they_o and_o keep_v no_o measure_n in_o their_o affection_n either_o in_o love_n or_o hatred_n but_o that_o which_o touch_v to_o the_o quick_a be_v a_o accusation_n of_o treason_n put_v up_o against_o he_o for_o conspiracy_n against_o the_o life_n of_o the_o emperor_n and_o in_o seek_v to_o advance_v his_o son_n to_o the_o empire_n this_o point_n be_v quick_o apprehend_v by_o commodus_n who_o think_v that_o the_o suspicion_n of_o the_o fact_n or_o the_o report_n only_o to_o have_v intend_v it_o be_v a_o sufficient_a cause_n of_o condemnation_n howsoever_o the_o party_n accuse_v be_v either_o indeed_o guilty_a or_o innocent_a hereupon_o perennius_fw-la be_v declare_v traitor_n and_o deliver_v to_o the_o soldier_n who_o strip_v he_o of_o his_o apparel_n whip_v he_o with_o rod_n and_o in_o the_o end_n cruel_o murder_v he_o then_o helvius_n pertinax_n a_o man_n of_o mean_a fortune_n by_o birth_n as_o have_v rise_v from_o the_o state_n of_o a_o common_a soldier_n to_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o commander_n be_v send_v into_o britain_n to_o appease_v the_o tumult_n there_o he_o be_v one_o of_o they_o that_o perennius_fw-la have_v before_o discharge_v from_o bear_v office_n and_o send_v into_o liguria_n where_o he_o be_v bear_v at_o his_o first_o entrance_n
debate_n other_o affirm_v to_o win_v honour_n to_o himself_o he_o be_v account_v very_o greedy_a and_o ambitious_a thereof_o and_o to_o reduce_v the_o kingdom_n whole_o to_o the_o roman_a subjection_n not_o willing_a that_o any_o britain_n here_o bear_v shall_v reign_v and_o therefore_o as_o some_o write_v they_o make_v a_o decree_n and_o law_n among_o they_o 86._o hector_n boetius_fw-la scot._n hist_o l._n 5._o f._n 86._o against_o such_o government_n eo_fw-la fere_n tempore_fw-la post_fw-la lucium_fw-la regem_fw-la brittorum_fw-la extinctum_fw-la romani_fw-la gnari_fw-la brittannos_fw-la reges_fw-la multarum_fw-la in_o populo_fw-la seditionum_fw-la &_o rebellionum_fw-la in_o se_fw-la fuisse_fw-la autores_fw-la ut_fw-la res_fw-la romana_fw-la in_o brittannia_fw-la soret_fw-la quietior_fw-la publico_fw-la vetuere_fw-la decreto_fw-la ne_fw-la quispiam_fw-la brittanici_n sanguinis_fw-la deinceps_fw-la regius_fw-la insignaretur_fw-la dignitate_fw-la if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o decree_n of_o the_o roman_n it_o can_v neither_o be_v upon_o this_o surmise_a motive_n that_o the_o british_a king_n have_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o any_o rebellion_n or_o sedition_n against_o the_o roman_n for_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o three_o last_o king_n merius_fw-la coillus_n and_o lucius_n peace_n be_v due_o keep_v with_o the_o roman_n and_o their_o tribute_n pay_v unto_o they_o and_o these_o king_n descend_v of_o genuista_n a_o roman_a lady_n of_o the_o emperor_n kindred_n so_o as_o well_o as_o from_o king_n arviragus_n the_o britain_n do_v participate_v both_o of_o the_o british_a and_o roman_a blood_n and_o these_o be_v the_o only_a king_n which_o be_v here_o after_o the_o composition_n between_o the_o roman_n and_o britain_n in_o the_o time_n of_o claudius_n and_o arviragus_n when_o arviragus_n marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o the_o emperor_n join_v the_o british_a and_o roman_a regal_a and_o imperial_a line_n together_o thereby_o end_v all_o debate_n between_o they_o neither_o do_v any_o such_o decree_n probable_o pass_v the_o roman_a senate_n that_o none_o bear_v of_o british_a blood_n shall_v afterward_o be_v king_n of_o britain_n if_o we_o will_v be_v guide_v either_o by_o reason_n or_o authority_n herein_o for_o how_o can_v the_o roman_n then_o neither_o have_v such_o power_n or_o possession_n take_v upon_o they_o such_o a_o definitive_a sentence_n 362_o mr._n b._n 362_o this_o have_v be_v the_o next_o way_n to_o have_v make_v a_o general_a defection_n from_o they_o here_o of_o all_o the_o britain_n and_o the_o britain_n 21._o will._n harrison_n disc_n brit._n c._n 22._o harding_n chr._n c._n 52._o f._n 45._o &_o alii_fw-la apud_fw-la harrison_n hollenshed_a hist_o of_o eng._n l._n 4._o c._n 21._o except_o in_o some_o municipal_a place_n be_v govern_v by_o their_o own_o and_o not_o by_o the_o roman_a law_n and_o for_o authority_n we_o want_v not_o those_o that_o write_v how_o both_o our_o next_o king_n here_o who_o come_v from_o rome_n after_o this_o imagine_a decree_n severus_n and_o basianus_fw-la his_o son_n and_o successor_n here_o be_v brittanici_n sanguinis_fw-la bear_v of_o british_a blood_n and_o yet_o both_o of_o they_o our_o king_n in_o britain_n and_o emperor_n also_o and_o by_o some_o antiquary_n the_o next_o heir_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o britain_n harding_n in_o his_o chronicle_n thus_o testify_v from_o antiquity_n of_o severus_n severus_n thus_o the_o worthy_a senator_n descend_v downright_a heir_n to_o androgeos_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o lud_n that_o be_v the_o emperor_n out_o of_o britain_n go_v with_o julius_n which_o senator_n aforesaid_a severus_n to_o britain_n come_v and_o be_v inthronisate_n and_o with_o a_o crown_n of_o gold_n be_v coronate_a therefore_o if_o severus_n the_o emperor_n be_v descend_v down_o right_a heir_n to_o andro_n geos_fw-la the_o elder_a son_n of_o king_n lud_n the_o word_n of_o the_o author_n so_o absolute_o and_o consequent_o not_o without_o good_a warrant_n affirm_v it_o he_o must_v needs_o be_v both_o descend_v of_o the_o regal_a british_a race_n and_o be_v also_o the_o undoubted_a next_o true_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o this_o kingdom_n at_o that_o time_n all_o other_o line_n which_o may_v by_o any_o probability_n make_v claim_v before_o he_o be_v now_o extinct_a and_o this_o of_o itself_o be_v more_o than_o any_o author_n of_o like_a credit_n to_o he_o i_o have_v allege_v do_v bring_v to_o prove_v that_o severus_n be_v not_o descend_v by_o lineal_a and_o lawful_a birth_n severo_n flor._n wigorn._n chro._n a_o 181_o and_o 182._o matth._n west_n a_o 192._o mar._n scot._n aetat_fw-la 6._o mart._n polon_n a_o 213._o hen._n hunt_n l._n 1._o hist_o in_o severo_n from_o our_o british_a regal_a race_n but_o some_o other_o in_o which_o i_o find_v a_o silence_n in_o antiquity_n only_o divers_a write_v and_o nothing_o hinder_v his_o regal_a british_a genealogy_n that_o he_o be_v bear_v at_o leptis_n in_o the_o province_n of_o tripoli_n in_o africa_n and_o be_v the_o only_a african_a that_o ever_o be_v emperor_n yet_o none_o of_o they_o deni_v thereby_o his_o descent_n from_o british_a parentage_n but_o some_o of_o they_o yield_v to_o that_o which_o confirm_v it_o and_o his_o ancestor_n be_v stranger_n so_o long_o out_o of_o britain_n as_o from_o julius_n caesar_n time_n no_o wonder_n if_o he_o be_v bear_v in_o that_o place_n of_o africa_n for_o i_o have_v show_v before_o in_o the_o time_n of_o vespasian_n we_o have_v many_o thousand_o of_o britain_n go_v into_o those_o part_n and_o without_o question_n divers_a of_o they_o marry_v and_o continue_v there_o in_o their_o posterity_n so_o do_v divers_a britain_n at_o other_o time_n even_o with_o wife_n and_o child_n go_v to_o rome_n and_o from_o thence_o be_v dispose_v into_o divers_a part_n never_o return_v hither_o now_o to_o speak_v somewhat_o of_o severus_n his_o alienation_n or_o affection_n from_o or_o to_o christian_a religion_n it_o be_v the_o common_a opinion_n and_o our_o own_o antiquary_n be_v of_o the_o same_o euseb_n mar._n sco._n l._n 2._o aetat_fw-la 6._o a_o 153._o matth._n west_n a_o 195._o flor._n wigorn._n in_o chro._n a_o 189._o and_o 211._o judas_n scriptor_n eccl._n temp_n severi_n apud_fw-la euseb_n that_o in_o divers_a place_n of_o the_o empire_n he_o be_v a_o enemy_n so_o far_o unto_o it_o that_o many_o term_v he_o the_o five_o persecutor_n among_o the_o emperor_n after_o nero_n and_o many_o christian_n in_o divers_a province_n be_v martyr_v in_o his_o empire_n post_fw-la neronem_fw-la severus_n quintam_fw-la persecutionem_fw-la in_o christianos_n excitavit_fw-la plurimique_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la per_fw-la diversas_fw-la provincias_fw-la martyrio_fw-la coronantur_fw-la and_o it_o be_v so_o certain_a by_o all_o foreign_a antiquity_n that_o there_o be_v such_o persecution_n in_o his_o time_n that_o it_o be_v almost_o a_o common_a opinion_n that_o the_o come_n of_o antichrist_n be_v at_o hand_n as_o a_o ecclesiastical_a writer_n of_o that_o time_n have_v leave_v to_o posterity_n propterea_fw-la quod_fw-la persecutionis_fw-la tumultus_fw-la contra_fw-la nos_fw-la excitatus_fw-la multorum_fw-la mentes_fw-la tam_fw-la graviter_fw-la per_fw-la turbaret_fw-la antichristi_fw-la adventum_fw-la omnium_fw-la ore_fw-la atque_fw-la sermone_fw-la jactatum_fw-la jam_fw-la tum_fw-la appropinquare_fw-la arbitratus_fw-la est_fw-la yet_o we_o do_v not_o find_v any_o express_a edict_n or_o prohibition_n of_o he_o until_o about_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o his_o empire_n when_o as_o spartanus_n write_v in_o his_o journey_n from_o syria_n to_o alexandria_n he_o make_v many_o law_n forbid_v under_o great_a penalty_n any_o man_n to_o be_v either_o a_o jew_n or_o christian_n and_o as_o dio_fw-mi and_o other_o witness_n 365._o mr._n b._n 365._o he_o consent_v man_n by_o his_o imperial_a letter_n both_o to_o the_o deprive_v of_o st._n philip_n of_o the_o augustal_a prefectship_n of_o egypt_n be_v become_v a_o profess_a christian_a and_o give_v authority_n to_o terentius_n his_o successor_n secret_o to_o martyr_v he_o but_o for_o severus_n excuse_v we_o find_v the_o great_a an_o almost_o only_a persecution_n of_o his_o time_n either_o to_o have_v be_v in_o or_o about_o jury_n occasion_v by_o the_o tumult_n of_o the_o jew_n or_o in_o africa_n where_o severus_n be_v bear_v and_o principal_o in_o egypt_n then_o full_a of_o christian_n the_o praefect_n himself_o st._n philip_n a_o christian_n and_o so_o potent_a as_o the_o letter_n of_o severus_n unto_o he_o say_v he_o live_v more_o like_o a_o absolute_a king_n than_o praefect_n that_o praefecture_n of_o egypt_n be_v of_o so_o great_a authority_n and_o dignity_n therefore_o africa_n be_v the_o country_n of_o severus_n birth_n and_o so_o formidable_a a_o enemy_n in_o former_a time_n to_o the_o roman_n as_o all_o historian_n report_v and_o now_o so_o abound_v with_o christian_n slanderous_o accuse_v by_o their_o pagan_a enemy_n to_o be_v enemy_n to_o the_o roman_a empire_n 24._o niceph_n l._n 4._o hist_o eccle._n iâ—e_fw-la apud_fw-la eviâ—dem_fw-la &_o adversus_fw-la hâ—ro_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 24._o severus_n
or_o the_o mother_n of_o history_n in_o our_o tongue_n that_o this_o carausius_n or_o as_o he_o call_v he_o carassius_n be_v first_o a_o treasurer_n or_o such_o a_o high_a officer_n among_o the_o roman_n by_o reason_n whereof_o he_o engross_v great_a abundance_n of_o riches_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n become_v gracious_a with_o the_o senator_n and_o in_o time_n be_v elect_v senator_n and_o become_v a_o man_n of_o such_o authority_n that_o basianus_fw-la make_v he_o protector_n of_o the_o city_n and_o country_n of_o alexandria_n from_o this_o his_o advancement_n and_o greatness_n issue_v pride_n and_o that_o pride_n beget_v tyranny_n insomuch_o that_o the_o country_n grow_v weary_a of_o their_o heavy_a and_o servile_a bondage_n and_o imposition_n insomuch_o that_o his_o death_n be_v conspire_v and_o decree_v which_o he_o perceive_v first_o revenge_v himself_o upon_o the_o conspirator_n and_o then_o leave_v the_o country_n and_o province_n at_o his_o come_n to_o rome_n the_o senate_n find_v he_o to_o be_v of_o a_o austere_a and_o ridge_v disposition_n assign_v unto_o he_o the_o rule_n of_o britain_n with_o three_o legion_n this_o be_v fabian_n relation_n but_o what_o be_v former_o set_v down_o from_o mr._n broughton_n carry_v with_o it_o more_o authority_n alectus_fw-la alectus_fw-la scent_n from_o rome_n by_o the_o emperor_n and_o senate_n begin_v the_o time_n of_o his_o government_n 64._o fabian_z fol._n 49_o c._n 64._o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 227._o we_o do_v not_o find_v that_o alectus_fw-la after_o he_o have_v slay_v carausius_n in_o battle_n and_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o kingdom_n which_o he_o hold_v for_o the_o space_n of_o three_o year_n do_v persecute_v the_o christian_a britain_n under_o pretence_n of_o religion_n but_o for_o follow_v carausius_n and_o not_o yield_v subjection_n to_o the_o roman_n as_o they_o require_v where_o we_o see_v the_o reason_n of_o that_o affliction_n of_o the_o britain_n by_o the_o roman_n because_o they_o have_v forsake_v the_o commonwealth_n and_o government_n thereof_o and_o follow_v carausius_n a_o usurper_n as_o the_o roman_n esteem_v he_o and_o other_o historian_n make_v it_o plain_a that_o only_o the_o follower_n of_o carausius_n and_o no_o other_o be_v thus_o persecute_v by_o alectus_fw-la and_o matthew_n of_o westm._n also_o say_v that_o alectus_fw-la do_v afflict_v only_o those_o britain_n who_o forsake_v their_o country_n have_v commit_v themselves_o to_o the_o command_n of_o carausius_n which_o harding_n more_o plain_o confess_v when_o he_o say_v of_o alectus_fw-la 294._o pont._n virum_fw-la l._n 5._o galf._n mon._n l._n 5._o c._n 4._o mat._n west_n a_o 294._o harding_n c_o 56._o hollersh_n hist_o of_o eng._n l_o 4._o c._n 23._o stow_z &_o stow_n in_o ascepiod_n hard._n c._n 56._o galf._n mon._n 5._o c._n 5._o virum_fw-la l._n 5._o mat._n west_n a_o 294._o allecto_n then_o crown_v and_o make_v king_n of_o all_o britain_n reign_v full_o year_n three_o and_o well_o he_o rule_v in_o all_o manner_n of_o work_v or_o if_o alectus_fw-la or_o his_o pagan_a soldier_n and_o under-ruler_n do_v unjust_o persecute_v any_o britain_n for_o religion_n neither_o he_o nor_o they_o do_v escape_v the_o just_a vengeance_n of_o god_n execute_v upon_o they_o by_o the_o christian_a britain_n in_o the_o like_a kind_n for_o when_o alectus_fw-la and_o his_o infidel_n consort_n be_v at_o london_n gather_v together_o to_o make_v solemn_a sacrifice_n to_o their_o idol_n they_o be_v by_o the_o christian_n drive_v from_o their_o sacrifice_n alectus_fw-la shameful_o put_v to_o flight_n and_o slay_v his_o army_n scatter_v and_o though_o by_o livius_n gallus_n his_o colleague_n in_o some_o part_n renew_v again_o yet_o both_o the_o general_n gallus_n and_o all_o his_o roman_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o christian_a britain_n in_o one_o day_n and_o their_o leader_n gallus_n contemptuous_o throw_v into_o a_o brook_n take_v name_n thereof_o as_o our_o modern_a antiquary_n with_o antiquity_n thus_o deliver_v asclepiodotus_n recocover_v britain_n and_o slay_v the_o roman_n captain_n name_v livius_n gallus_n near_o unto_o a_o brook_n there_o at_o that_o time_n run_v into_o which_o brook_n he_o throw_v he_o by_o reason_n whereof_o it_o be_v call_v in_o british_a nant_n gallon_n since_o in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n gallus_n or_o wallus_n brook_v and_o to_o this_o day_n the_o street_n where_o sometime_o the_o brook_n run_v be_v call_v walbrook_n and_o prove_v the_o history_n of_o this_o brook_n both_o by_o public_a record_n and_o inquisition_n this_o alectus_fw-la reign_v according_a to_o fabian_n six_o year_n asclepiodotus_n asclepiodotus_n duke_n of_o cornewal_n as_o say_v gaufride_n but_o after_o the_o say_n of_o eutropius_n and_o beda_n he_o be_v precedent_n of_o the_o pretory_n of_o rome_n begin_v his_o dominion_n over_o the_o britain_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 232_o who_o upon_o his_o victory_n be_v crown_v king_n of_o britain_n by_o parliament_n say_v harding_n and_o by_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o people_n as_o both_o the_o british_a history_n pont._n virun_n and_o matthew_n of_o westm_n be_v duke_n of_o cornwall_n before_o all_o these_o last_o writer_n except_o matt._n west_n say_v dioclesian_n his_o persecution_n begin_v here_o in_o his_o time_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o and_o it_o seem_v that_o divers_a historian_n not_o observe_v that_o constantius_n be_v here_o twice_o marry_v st._n helena_n the_o first_o time_n and_o the_o second_o time_n receive_v she_o again_o when_o maximian_n the_o persecute_v emperor_n have_v force_v he_o to_o put_v she_o away_o do_v thereupon_o vary_v and_o differ_v much_o about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o king_n in_o those_o time_n a_o old_a manuscript_n chronicle_n do_v say_v bassianus_n reign_v 27_o year_n carausius_n who_o it_o call_v carencius_n 39_o year_n alectus_fw-la 15_o year_n asclepiodotus_n 10_o year_n coel_n 4_o year_n and_o after_o he_o his_o son_n in_o law_n and_o daughter_n constantius_n and_o helena_n 11_o year_n the_o modern_a catalogue_n of_o our_o king_n have_v tell_v we_o that_o asclepiodotus_n do_v reign_v 30_o year_n the_o same_o have_v hellensh_v call_v it_o the_o common_a account_n of_o our_o chronicler_n and_o by_o the_o same_o author_n and_o divers_a other_o king_n coel_n in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o who_o reign_n the_o roman_n by_o constantius_n come_v in_o again_o etc._n etc._n author_n excuse_v asclepiodotus_n from_o be_v any_o mover_n of_o that_o persecution_n which_o then_o be_v in_o britain_n but_o suffer_v the_o tyrant_n maximian_n to_o prosecute_v it_o and_o not_o resist_v he_o therein_o which_o be_v rather_o impute_v to_o want_v of_o power_n than_o will_v and_o desire_v in_o he_o when_o he_o say_v i_o mean_v harding_n who_o for_o great_a fear_n suffer_v all_o this_o pain_n of_o christian_n and_o dare_v nothing_o against_o this_o tyrant_n steer_v but_o he_o withdraw_v to_o hide_v he_o be_v full_a fain_o where_o he_o do_v insinuate_v that_o asclepiodotus_n be_v in_o judgement_n a_o friend_n rather_o than_o persecutor_n of_o christian_n and_o himself_o in_o some_o sort_n persecute_v by_o the_o roman_a pagan_n in_o that_o respect_n which_o seem_v express_v in_o that_o this_o author_n say_v of_o he_o that_o he_o be_v enforce_v to_o hide_v himself_o from_o the_o pagan_a roman_a persecutor_n and_o we_o find_v divers_a antiquity_n testify_v that_o before_o there_o be_v not_o any_o persecution_n here_o against_o christian_n but_o their_o religion_n be_v in_o peace_n and_o quiet_a public_o profess_v and_o this_o asclepiodotus_n to_o redeem_v and_o preserve_v such_o britain_n liberty_n in_o that_o and_o all_o other_o privilege_n war_v against_o alectus_fw-la the_o pagan_a roman_a governor_n and_o in_o sign_n of_o his_o detestation_n of_o their_o idolatry_n beset_v and_o assault_v he_o and_o his_o confederate_n when_o they_o be_v do_v their_o great_a and_o most_o solemn_a sacrifice_n to_o their_o god_n now_o to_o calm_v these_o tempest_n of_o trouble_n i_o suppose_v by_o our_o best_a history_n that_o this_o persecution_n of_o dioclesian_n and_o maximinian_n here_o rage_v about_o the_o space_n of_o nine_o or_o ten_o year_n in_o the_o time_n of_o asclepiodotus_n principal_o and_o that_o now_o at_o the_o martyrdom_n of_o st._n amphibalus_fw-la so_o great_a misery_n and_o affliction_n have_v be_v lay_v upon_o our_o holy_a christian_n here_o long_a time_n as_o their_o fly_v from_o hence_o unto_o other_o nation_n their_o abode_n there_o return_v hither_o again_o and_o continue_v no_o short_a space_n before_o they_o be_v put_v to_o death_n as_o be_v manifest_a in_o the_o case_n of_o st._n amphibalus_fw-la not_o martyr_v till_o almost_o a_o year_n after_o st._n alban_n who_o be_v keep_v in_o prison_n six_o month_n before_o his_o martyrdom_n that_o now_o thousand_o be_v convert_v to_o christ_n and_o the_o chief_a municipal_a city_n themselves_o where_o idolatry_n so_o reign_v that_o a_o christian_a be_v rare_a to_o be_v then_o find_v
in_o they_o as_o in_o verulam_n be_v now_o only_o inhabit_v by_o christian_n and_o not_o a_o pagan_a to_o be_v see_v and_o this_o by_o the_o omnipotent_a work_n of_o god_n and_o the_o idolatrous_a judge_n and_o prince_n himself_o that_o rule_v here_o under_o the_o pagan_a roman_n and_o persecute_v by_o their_o power_n even_o to_o the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o britain_n be_v make_v that_o he_o be_v unable_a to_o rule_v and_o govern_v any_o long_o but_o need_v be_v rule_v and_o govern_v himself_o by_o other_o this_o judge_n king_n and_o roman_a lieutenant_n as_o the_o scottish_a historian_n with_o other_o call_v he_o be_v king_n asclepiodotus_n thus_o grievous_o either_o of_o malice_n or_o for_o fear_n of_o the_o roman_n then_o persecute_v and_o for_o so_o do_v hate_v of_o god_n and_o man._n coel._n king_n coel_n who_o begin_v his_o reign_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 262._o have_v now_o both_o warrant_n and_o way_n to_o advance_v the_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o help_v to_o free_v the_o afflict_a christian_n thereof_o from_o the_o misery_n of_o their_o so_o long_a and_o grievous_a persecution_n as_o it_o seem_v most_o probable_a at_o this_o time_n and_o upon_o these_o occasion_n he_o take_v arm_n against_o asclepiodotus_n repute_a king_n in_o this_o persecution_n slay_v he_o and_o be_v crown_v king_n as_o our_o historian_n deliver_v unto_o we_o harding_n also_o plain_o say_v that_o coel_n take_v arm_n against_o asclepiodotus_n by_o reason_n of_o this_o great_a persecution_n for_o which_o duke_n coel_n against_o he_o rise_v in_o arm_n asclepiodotus_n for_o the_o first_o ten_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n be_v just_a and_o rule_v with_o the_o general_a applause_n of_o all_o but_o after_o fell_a into_o wickedness_n and_o cruelty_n so_o that_o king_n coel_n may_v just_o pursue_v his_o right_n to_o britain_n in_o hope_n thereby_o in_o better_a manner_n to_o redeem_v the_o affliction_n of_o his_o country_n christian_n be_v more_o potent_a and_o able_a and_o likely_o more_o willing_a than_o asclepiodotus_n be_v not_o so_o forward_o in_o any_o judgement_n as_o he_o shall_v have_v be_v in_o defend_v innocence_n if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v a_o actual_a persecutor_n which_o harding_n himself_o thus_o in_o these_o plain_a term_n express_v 57_o harding_n chron._n cap._n 58_o fol._n 57_o this_o persecution_n as_o some_o chronicle_n fain_o the_o ten_o year_n war_n of_o asclepiodote_n for_o which_o duke_n coel_n again_o he_o rise_v full_a hot_a the_o duke_n caer_n colun_n that_o hight_v coilus_n which_o city_n now_o this_o day_n colchester_n hight_v then_o crown_v be_v that_o slay_v asclepiodotus_n for_o cause_n he_o come_v not_o forth_o with_o all_o his_o might_n the_o tyramite_n fall_v to_o a_o canstand_a as_o he_o hight_v wherefore_o britain_n be_v all_o full_a glad_a and_o fain_o of_o king_n coilus_n that_o succour_v all_o their_o pain_n and_o howsoever_o asclepiodotus_n concur_v with_o the_o roman_a persecutor_n and_o please_v they_o in_o vex_v and_o torment_v christian_n here_o in_o britain_n yet_o otherwise_o he_o be_v very_o unpleasing_a unto_o they_o he_o trouble_v the_o roman_a power_n in_o all_o thing_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v glad_a of_o his_o death_n ponticus_n virunnius_n himself_o a_o roman_a say_v they_o do_v esteem_v he_o their_o great_a enemy_n and_o as_o for_o such_o a_o one_o rejoice_v at_o his_o death_n and_o this_o joy_n be_v not_o only_o of_o particular_a roman_n but_o of_o the_o whole_a senate_n which_o rule_v chief_o in_o matter_n of_o estate_n therefore_o when_o our_o antiquity_n assure_v we_o that_o coel_n obtain_v the_o kingdom_n and_o be_v crown_v and_o as_o a_o old_a french_a manuscript_n speak_v regna_fw-la sur_fw-fr britaniae_fw-la rule_v over_o britain_n and_o be_v thus_o enable_v and_o make_v powerful_a to_o redress_v what_o he_o find_v offensive_a and_o wicked_a be_v absolute_a king_n and_o joyful_o so_o receive_v of_o the_o britain_n as_o our_o historian_n say_v before_o wherefore_o britain_n be_v all_o full_a glad_a and_o fain_o of_o king_n coelus_n that_o succour_v all_o their_o pain_n and_o he_o himself_o take_v acception_n to_o asclepiodotus_n next_o to_o his_o charge_v he_o with_o usurp_v the_o crown_n for_o be_v to_o backward_o in_o resist_v the_o roman_a persecutor_n will_v not_o fall_v into_o the_o like_a error_n with_o he_o but_o as_o be_v prove_v already_o succour_v all_o their_o pain_n and_o utter_o cease_v the_o persecution_n against_o christian_n of_o britain_n which_o be_v thus_o joyful_a of_o his_o coronation_n and_o thereby_o relieve_v and_o redeem_v they_o from_o their_o affliction_n all_o his_o time_n which_o both_o by_o our_o own_o and_o foreign_a historian_n continue_v to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o hundred_o of_o year_n broughton_n mr._n broughton_n the_o roman_n have_v no_o power_n here_o either_o to_o persecute_v christian_n or_o to_o any_o other_o purpose_n but_o as_o our_o british_a and_o other_o historian_n testify_v whole_o lose_v their_o government_n here_o until_o after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n coel_n or_o the_o come_n of_o constantius_n his_o son_n in_o law_n hither_o the_o second_o time_n very_o little_a before_o king_n coel_n his_o death_n our_o scottish_a historian_n say_v that_o king_n coel_n utter_o destroy_v both_o roman_n and_o all_o the_o britain_n also_o which_o be_v their_o favourer_n and_o set_v forth_o a_o severe_a edict_n to_o search_v forth_o all_o roman_n and_o britain_n which_v have_v follow_v they_o here_o and_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v punish_v and_o put_v to_o death_n and_o so_o with_o most_o joyful_a and_o general_a applause_n of_o the_o people_n noble_n and_o other_o that_o the_o crown_n of_o britain_n be_v thus_o restore_v to_o the_o true_a heir_n of_o their_o regal_a blood_n be_v crown_v king_n and_o he_o establish_v the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o british_a government_n so_o that_o now_o so_o severe_a a_o law_n be_v make_v and_o execute_v both_o against_o the_o prosecute_a roman_n and_o all_o such_o britain_n as_n have_v join_v with_o they_o against_o the_o christian_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o nation_n and_o all_o this_o do_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o our_o king_n and_o with_o the_o consent_n both_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n we_o must_v needs_o end_v the_o persecution_n here_o with_o the_o begin_n of_o king_n coel_v reign_v and_o it_o will_v not_o be_v singular_a in_o this_o point_n if_o we_o shall_v hold_v that_o king_n coel_n be_v actual_o a_o christian_n and_o not_o only_o a_o friend_n to_o such_o for_o first_o all_o they_o which_o affirm_v he_o to_o have_v be_v kinsman_n or_o heir_n to_o our_o first_o christian_n king_n st._n lucius_n easy_o prove_v he_o a_o christian_n for_o such_o a_o man_n will_v not_o leave_v either_o child_n or_o kinsman_n which_o by_o he_o have_v that_o title_n to_o have_v any_o other_o education_n second_o by_o the_o time_n of_o his_o age_n whether_o he_o be_v to_o king_n lucius_n so_o near_o or_o no_o we_o must_v needs_o confess_v he_o live_v most_o part_n of_o his_o life_n when_o christianity_n flourish_v in_o this_o kingdom_n be_v a_o age_a man_n before_o dioclesian_n his_o persecution_n begin_v three_o our_o historian_n say_v that_o his_o daughter_n st._n helen_n which_o have_v her_o education_n by_o his_o direction_n be_v instruct_v and_o teach_v in_o the_o christian_n faith_n a_o late_a author_n thus_o speak_v of_o this_o helena_z she_o be_v first_o instruct_v in_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n by_o coel_n her_o father_n as_o petrus_n de_fw-fr natalibus_n say_v and_o yet_o if_o we_o incline_v to_o this_o opinion_n we_o may_v easy_o answer_v they_o that_o will_v object_v the_o public_a and_o universal_a restitution_n of_o christian_n religion_n as_o build_v church_n monastery_n and_o such_o holy_a foundation_n be_v not_o in_o his_o time_n for_o by_o the_o common_a opinion_n his_o reign_n be_v short_a little_a and_o not_o above_o four_o year_n a_o great_a part_n whereof_o be_v spend_v in_o extirpate_v the_o persecutor_n and_o the_o rest_n in_o preparation_n to_o resist_v a_o new_a invasion_n of_o the_o roman_n not_o reign_v in_o quiet_a and_o security_n from_o these_o trouble_n and_o fear_v the_o space_n of_o two_o month_n by_o any_o writer_n and_o so_o after_o so_o great_a and_o terrible_a a_o tempest_n of_o persecution_n it_o be_v a_o wonderful_a comfort_n and_o happiness_n for_o the_o british_a christian_n to_o enter_v into_o such_o a_o calm_a and_o quiet_a to_o live_v in_o security_n and_o rest_n free_v from_o their_o former_a misery_n under_o so_o renown_v a_o king_n which_o be_v all_o he_o can_v do_v or_o they_o expect_v in_o such_o time_n and_o circumstance_n the_o roman_a emperor_n after_o the_o death_n of_o heliogabolus_n until_o constantius_n marry_v first_o or_o after_o receive_v again_o helena_n daughter_n of_o coel_n have_v little_a command_n in_o this_o kingdom_n therefore_o
before_o so_o many_o persecutor_n and_o in_o the_o high_a of_o their_o malice_n and_o rage_n against_o st._n alban_n fall_v thereby_o into_o the_o same_o degree_n of_o hatred_n with_o they_o for_o present_o thereupon_o to_o speak_v in_o a_o old_a author_n word_n the_o enemy_n of_o truth_n apprehend_v he_o beat_v out_o his_o tooth_n rend_v his_o holy_a mouth_n and_o break_v all_o his_o bone_n and_o although_o nothing_o remain_v in_o his_o body_n without_o hurt_n 8._o gild._a l._n 2._o the_o excid_n brit._n c._n 8._o yet_o his_o fervent_a faith_n remain_v without_o harm_n and_o be_v thus_o leave_v so_o maim_v lame_a and_o baptize_v in_o his_o own_o blood_n and_o also_o half_o dead_a with_o all_o the_o power_n and_o strength_n he_o can_v with_o his_o hand_n creep_v up_o to_o the_o hill_n where_o st._n alban_n be_v martyr_v who_o when_o the_o judge_n espy_v he_o say_v unto_o he_o pray_v to_o thy_o alban_n to_o set_v thy_o bone_n in_o order_n and_o lay_v his_o head_n here_o strike_v off_o to_o thy_o body_n and_o thou_o shall_v receive_v perfect_a health_n from_o he_o bury_v thou_o he_o and_o let_v he_o cure_v thou_o heraclius_n answer_v i_o most_o firm_o believe_v that_o st._n alban_n by_o his_o merit_n be_v able_a to_o heal_v i_o and_o easy_o perform_v that_o you_o mock_v we_o with_o then_o reverent_o take_v the_o head_n of_o st._n alban_n and_o devout_o lay_v it_o to_o his_o body_n he_o begin_v to_o recover_v the_o former_a strength_n of_o the_o same_o despair_v before_o and_o be_v thus_o miraculous_o recover_v and_o make_v whole_a cease_v not_o in_o the_o hear_n of_o all_o the_o people_n to_o preach_v unto_o they_o the_o merit_n of_o st._n alban_n and_o power_n of_o christ_n and_o dig_v the_o earth_n bury_v the_o body_n of_o the_o martyr_a saint_n before_o they_o there_o which_o the_o pagan_n see_v say_v among_o themselves_o what_o shall_v we_o do_v this_o man_n can_v be_v put_v to_o death_n with_o sword_n we_o have_v already_o break_v his_o body_n and_o he_o have_v already_o receive_v his_o former_a strength_n again_o and_o apprehend_v he_o with_o horrible_a torment_n they_o tear_v his_o holy_a body_n in_o piece_n and_o last_o cut_v off_o his_o head_n and_o so_o this_o happy_a soldier_n persevere_v in_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n together_o with_o st._n alban_n deserve_v to_o be_v honour_v with_o the_o crown_n of_o martydom_n the_o judge_n himself_o be_v hereby_o so_o move_v and_o convince_v 2._o mr._n br._n 443._o 2._o that_o he_o present_o command_v the_o persecution_n to_o cease_v jacobus_n genuensis_n bishop_n of_o genoa_n and_o his_o old_a english_a translation_n say_v this_o soldier_n call_v by_o some_o before_o herculius_n be_v a_o knight_n and_o they_o yield_v a_o reason_n beside_o their_o assertion_n which_o be_v the_o noble_a renown_n of_o st._n alban_n who_o as_o they_o say_v be_v lord_n of_o the_o city_n of_o verulam_n and_o prince_n of_o the_o knight_n and_z steward_z of_o the_o land_n 7._o bede_n l._n 1._o c._n 7._o and_o the_o judge_n dread_a for_o to_o slay_v he_o because_o of_o the_o great_a love_n that_o the_o emperor_n have_v to_o he_o and_o for_o reverence_n of_o his_o dignity_n and_o power_n of_o his_o kindred_n unto_o the_o time_n that_o he_o have_v inform_v dioclesian_n 455._o jacob._n gon._n in_o vit_fw-mi st._n alb._n &_o s._n amp._n anglica_n translat_a ibid._n mr._n br._n f._n 455._o and_o therefore_o when_o judgement_n be_v pronounce_v against_o he_o the_o which_o be_v defer_v six_o week_n until_o miximian_n his_o come_n into_o britain_n to_o see_v such_o wicked_a execution_n thus_o they_o deliver_v than_o maximian_n and_o asclepiodotus_n give_v final_a sentence_n on_o he_o say_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n dioclesian_n alban_n lord_n of_o verulam_n prince_n of_o knight_n and_z steward_z of_o britain_n during_o his_o life_n have_v despise_v jupiter_n and_o apollin_n god_n and_o to_o they_o have_v do_v derogation_n and_o disworship_n wherefore_o he_o ought_v by_o the_o law_n to_o be_v dead_a by_o the_o hand_n of_o some_o knight_n and_o the_o body_n to_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o his_o head_n shall_v be_v smite_v of_o and_o his_o sepulchre_n to_o be_v make_v worshipful_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o knighthood_n whereof_o he_o be_v prince_n and_o also_o the_o cross_n that_o he_o bear_v and_o sklavin_n that_o he_o ware_n shall_v be_v bury_v with_o he_o and_o his_o body_n to_o be_v close_v in_o a_o chest_n of_o lead_n and_o so_o lay_v in_o his_o sepulchre_n this_o sentence_n have_v law_n ordain_v because_o he_o have_v reny_z our_o principal_a go_n these_o author_n say_v maximian_n and_o king_n asclepiodotus_n give_v this_o sentence_n we_o have_v speak_v elsewhere_o of_o those_o martyr_n which_o suffer_v at_o litchfield_n let_v we_o therefore_o return_v to_o st._n amphibalus_fw-la who_o almighty_a god_n have_v make_v the_o instrument_n to_o the_o conversion_n of_o so_o many_o soul_n these_o bloody_a persecutor_n have_v thus_o barbarous_o and_o without_o all_o commpassion_n of_o lineage_n kindred_n friendship_n country_n or_o whatsoever_o relation_n of_o love_n or_o mercy_n put_v these_o holy_a saint_n to_o death_n they_o now_o pour_v out_o the_o bottom_n of_o their_o malice_n upon_o st._n amphibalus_fw-la neither_o regard_v his_o noble_a descent_n before_o remember_v venerable_a and_o old_a year_n 1_o mat._n west_n a_o 303._o manus_fw-la antiq._n in_o vita_fw-la s._n ample_n capg_n in_o eodem_fw-la mr._n br_n f._n 447._o 1_o learning_n or_o whatsoever_o but_o bound_v his_o arm_n with_o thong_n and_o drive_v he_o barefooted_a before_o their_o horse_n so_o long_o a_o journey_n from_o the_o border_n of_o britain_n where_o they_o apprehend_v he_o unto_o the_o city_n of_o verulam_n where_o the_o perfect_a and_o lieutenant_n then_o be_v resident_a and_o as_o they_o thus_o contemptible_o carry_v he_o barefooted_a and_o bind_v a_o sick_a man_n lie_v in_o the_o way_n in_o the_o sight_n and_o hear_n of_o they_o all_o cry_v out_o unto_o he_o o_o thou_o servant_n of_o god_n almighty_n help_v i_o that_o i_o which_o lie_v oppress_v by_o my_o own_o infirmity_n may_v be_v relieve_v by_o thy_o intercession_n for_o i_o do_v believe_v that_o by_o the_o call_n upon_o the_o name_n of_o christ_n thou_o be_v able_a present_o to_o restore_v my_o health_n unto_o i_o and_o forthwith_o the_o man_n which_o lie_v thus_o sick_a before_o the_o eye_n of_o they_o all_o arise_v up_o joyful_o and_o perfect_o well_o when_o these_o wicked_a pagan_a persecutor_n have_v thus_o barbarous_o bring_v he_o within_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n as_o though_o this_o holy_a saint_n have_v be_v unworthy_a to_o enter_v into_o it_o and_o their_o troop_n so_o great_a by_o that_o be_v say_v before_o that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v convenient_o receive_v therein_o they_o stay_v themselves_o as_o it_o be_v pitch_v their_o tent_n in_o a_o place_n then_o desert_a now_o call_v redburne_n three_o mile_n from_o st._n alban_n throw_v down_o their_o shield_n and_o strike_v their_o speer_n into_o the_o ground_n and_o thus_o rest_v themselves_o only_a st._n amphibalus_fw-la rest_v not_o but_o preach_v continual_o the_o doctrine_n of_o salvation_n to_o his_o enemy_n who_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n give_v notice_n to_o the_o prince_n and_o those_o of_o the_o city_n of_o their_o return_n and_o bring_v with_o they_o the_o instructor_n of_o st._n alban_n and_o that_o they_o have_v put_v all_o those_o christian_n before_o speak_v of_o to_o death_n in_o the_o uttermost_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n after_o their_o long_a journey_n thither_o which_o when_o the_o governor_n hear_v he_o call_v the_o people_n together_o and_o exhort_v they_o let_v we_o all_o go_v forth_o and_o meet_v our_o enemy_n that_o he_o that_o have_v offend_v may_v receive_v revenge_n of_o we_o all_o and_o so_o haste_v forth_o strive_v as_o it_o be_v who_o shall_v go_v first_o go_v by_o the_o way_n lead_v to_o the_o north_n as_o our_o antiquity_n say_v the_o better_a to_o set_v down_o the_o old_a place_n and_o situation_n of_o that_o ancient_a city_n which_o they_o then_o leave_v almost_o vacant_a and_o come_v in_o this_o rage_a madness_n and_o multitude_n to_o torment_v and_o martyr_n this_o holy_a saint_n they_o find_v he_o all_o wrap_v in_o chain_n and_o bond_n and_o present_o strip_v he_o naked_a slit_v his_o belly_n and_o pull_v out_o his_o entrail_n tie_v they_o to_o a_o stake_n which_o they_o have_v fasten_v in_o the_o ground_n enforce_v he_o to_o be_v lead_v round_o about_o it_o and_o the_o holy_a saint_n of_o god_n show_v no_o sign_n of_o grief_n at_o all_o among_o such_o and_o so_o many_o affliction_n the_o wicked_a persecutor_n thereby_o the_o more_o enrage_a send_v he_o for_o a_o mark_n as_o it_o be_v and_o with_o their_o knife_n and_o spear_n pierce_v and_o
in_o their_o own_o proceed_n and_o her_o child_n in_o like_a case_n of_o reproach_n with_o she_o 19_o math._n west_n &_o alii_fw-la supra_fw-la manusc_n hist_o eccles_n winton_n caius_z hist_o cantabr_n acâ—ademiae_n p._n 19_o therefore_o constantius_n be_v against_o his_o will_n by_o power_n of_o maximian_n separate_v from_o st._n helen_n his_o true_a wife_n and_o a_o christian_a from_o that_o time_n ever_o in_o affection_n can_v not_o but_o be_v ever_o most_o ready_a and_o joyful_a to_o be_v so_o quiet_o and_o honourable_o reconcile_v unto_o she_o again_o which_o be_v sufficient_o insinuate_v by_o our_o author_n testify_v that_o constantius_n in_o all_o thing_n grant_v to_o king_n coel_n his_o command_n require_v nothing_o of_o he_o for_o the_o roman_n but_o their_o old_a tribute_n which_o as_o our_o antiquary_n say_v be_v 1006._o pound_n only_o in_o money_n one_o of_o our_o historian_n say_v of_o this_o matter_n in_o this_o manner_n 60._o harding_n c._n 60._o of_o which_o constance_n be_v glad_a of_o his_o intent_n and_o here_o abode_n at_o prayer_n of_o the_o king_n whereby_o he_o do_v sufficient_o declare_v the_o great_a content_n and_o joy_n he_o have_v of_o this_o reconciliation_n to_o his_o wife_n st._n helen_n and_o her_o father_n his_o father_n in_o law_n king_n coel_n rather_o choose_v and_o prefer_v during_o his_o life_n to_o make_v his_o abode_n here_o as_o a_o subject_a then_o now_o be_v choose_v and_o design_v emperor_n to_o continue_v in_o any_o other_o nation_n with_o that_o great_a temporal_a glory_n and_o command_v society_n he_o retake_v helen_n daughter_n of_o the_o king_n to_o conjugal_a society_n thus_o he_o signify_v this_o so_o long_a and_o much_o desire_a atonement_n helenam_fw-la coeli_fw-la regis_fw-la filiam_fw-la in_o societatem_fw-la thori_fw-la recepit_fw-la which_o word_n recepit_fw-la that_o constantius_n do_v at_o that_o time_n receive_v helen_n again_o if_o we_o have_v no_o other_o argument_n or_o authority_n use_v by_o divers_a our_o ancient_a antiquary_n prove_v that_o this_o be_v the_o reconciliation_n and_o not_o the_o first_o marriage_n of_o those_o noble_a person_n and_o impossible_a it_o be_v that_o any_o of_o these_o author_n which_o speak_v of_o this_o union_n shall_v take_v it_o for_o the_o first_o union_n in_o marriage_n for_o all_o of_o they_o acknowledge_v that_o constantius_n die_v soon_o after_o this_o reconciliation_n the_o monk_n of_o westminster_n say_v within_o three_o year_n by_o merianus_n within_o two_o year_n 306._o math._n west_n a_o 302._o 305._o mari._n sc._n anno_fw-la 305._o 306._o by_o martinus_n polonus_n the_o same_o year_n the_o like_a have_v other_o by_o which_o account_n and_o confession_n constantine_n shall_v be_v either_o unborn_a or_o not_o above_o two_o year_n old_a at_o the_o most_o when_o he_o be_v king_n of_o britain_n and_o emperor_n also_o after_o his_o father_n death_n short_o after_o this_o come_n of_o constantius_n and_o this_o atonement_n between_o he_o and_o king_n coel_n thus_o make_v king_n coel_n die_v within_o five_o week_n say_v harding_n a_o month_n and_o eight_o day_n say_v galfridus_n viruunius_n say_v within_o one_o month_n 44._o hard._n chron._n c._n 6._o galf._n mon._n hist_o reg._n brit._n l._n 5._o c._n 6._o pont._n virun_n hist_o l._n 5._o harding_n c._n 61._o how_o be_v fol._n 44._o so_o likewise_o do_v the_o monk_n of_o westminster_n harding_n write_v that_o constantius_n be_v emperor_n before_o he_o be_v king_n of_o britain_n but_o king_n constance_n of_o rome_n be_v high_a christain_n by_o the_o senate_n first_o make_v the_o emperor_n after_o king_n of_o britain_n and_o governour_n how_o be_v in_o his_o chronicle_n bring_v in_o peter_n de_fw-fr jeham_n to_o be_v tell_v we_o that_o coel_n duke_n of_o caric_a glow_n of_o gloucester_n holinsh_v say_v he_o be_v earl_n of_o golchester_n but_o where_o he_o die_v or_o where_o bury_v no_o mention_n be_v make_v fabian_n say_v he_o rule_v after_o the_o accord_n of_o most_o writer_n 27._o year_n constantius_n constantius_n begin_v his_o empire_n with_o galerius_n the_o empire_n be_v divide_v between_o they_o so_o that_o constantius_n shall_v possess_v africa_n italy_n france_n and_o britain_n galerius_n shall_v have_v ilyrica_n asia_n and_o the_o east_n part_n which_o do_v they_o substitute_v under_o they_o two_o caesar_n constantius_n hold_v himself_o content_a with_o the_o dignity_n of_o augustus_n refuse_v to_o sustain_v the_o trouble_n which_o he_o shall_v have_v endure_v through_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o italy_n and_o africa_n he_o seek_v by_o all_o mean_n how_o he_o may_v enrich_v the_o people_n of_o the_o empire_n he_o abolish_v the_o superstition_n of_o the_o gentile_n in_o his_o dominion_n so_o that_o afterward_o britain_n feel_v no_o persecution_n the_o year_n follow_v he_o prepare_v war_n against_o the_o pict_n at_o which_o time_n his_o son_n constantine_n who_o then_o serve_v under_o galerius_n perceive_v his_o destruction_n to_o be_v contrive_v post_v to_o his_o father_n in_o all_o haste_n hough_v and_o kill_v all_o the_o post_n horse_n which_o way_n so_o ever_o he_o pass_v 460._o holinshed_a hist_o of_o eng._n 45._o fab._n sozom._n hist_o eccle_n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o euseb_n l._n 2._o de_fw-la vita_fw-la const_n mr_n bro._n fol._n 460._o and_o come_v safe_o to_o his_o father_n in_o britain_n holinshed_a say_v constantius_n be_v the_o daughter_n son_n of_o one_o crispus_n that_o be_v brother_n to_o the_o emperor_n claudius_n and_o that_o he_o begin_v his_o reign_n over_o the_o britain_n 289._o and_o so_o also_o say_v fabian_n constantius_n be_v not_o against_o the_o law_n for_o christian_n in_o britain_n to_o profess_v the_o christian_a religion_n in_o his_o time_n but_o prefer_v the_o most_o constant_a christian_n to_o high_a preferment_n and_o great_a trust_n and_o so_o consecrate_v his_o whole_a family_n to_o god_n that_o his_o court_n be_v as_o a_o church_n wherein_o be_v both_o clergy_n man_n and_o godly_a christian_n true_o serve_v god_n this_o blessing_n and_o benefit_n he_o bring_v to_o our_o christian_n here_o in_o britain_n and_o public_o maintain_v it_o even_o in_o those_o time_n when_o the_o name_n of_o christian_a in_o other_o place_n be_v so_o odious_a that_o without_o danger_n it_o can_v not_o be_v speak_v of_o which_o he_o further_o viz._n eusebius_n confirm_v in_o another_o place_n 14._o euseb_n hist_o eccle._n l._n 8._o c._n 14._o where_o speak_v in_o the_o name_n of_o christian_n he_o say_v that_o among_o the_o emperor_n of_o that_o time_n only_a constantius_n do_v neither_o in_o any_o sort_n persecute_v christian_n nor_o in_o any_o sort_n participate_v with_o they_o that_o do_v but_o keep_v all_o they_o that_o be_v under_o he_o without_o hurt_n and_o secure_a from_o all_o trouble_n neither_o pull_v down_o church_n 304._o idem_fw-la apud_fw-la baron_n &_o spon_n a_o 304._o or_o do_v any_o thing_n against_o they_o and_o elsewhere_o he_o teach_v again_o that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o west_n empire_n do_v general_o receive_v quietness_n from_o persecution_n when_o constantius_n reign_v which_o although_o baronius_n and_o spondanus_n do_v not_o so_o well_o allow_v upon_o eusebius_n his_o word_n in_o all_o place_n of_o the_o west_n because_o as_o they_o allege_v constantius_n neither_o present_o can_v nor_o will_v he_o be_v against_o the_o edict_n of_o the_o emperor_n still_o live_v when_o he_o himself_o remain_v in_o britain_n in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o world_n and_o italy_n be_v then_o full_a of_o war_n but_o eusebius_n writ_v not_o this_o singular_o but_o sozomen_n and_o other_o testify_v as_o much_o that_o when_o the_o church_n of_o god_n be_v persecute_v in_o all_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n 6._o sozomen_fw-fr l._n 1._o c._n 6._o only_a constantius_n grant_v liberty_n of_o conscience_n to_o the_o christian_n under_o he_o and_o again_o general_o of_o all_o christian_a church_n in_o the_o part_n of_o his_o empire_n and_o be_v not_o only_o quiet_a under_o he_o but_o thus_o live_v in_o great_a joy_n and_o do_v increase_v be_v honour_v and_o reward_v by_o he_o and_o relate_v his_o experiment_n to_o prove_v constant_a christian_n before_o remember_v and_o how_o he_o admit_v such_o for_o his_o near_a friend_n and_o counsellor_n he_o gather_v from_o hence_o that_o the_o gaul_n britain_n and_o other_o under_o he_o be_v by_o he_o exempt_v from_o all_o penal_a law_n of_o the_o persecutor_n he_o take_v away_o and_o make_v they_o frustrate_v in_o his_o dominion_n and_o the_o objection_n which_o baronius_n make_v do_v rather_o prove_v then_o disprove_v the_o quietness_n of_o christian_n in_o this_o nation_n when_o constantius_n be_v here_o for_o first_o the_o inquietness_n of_o italy_n rather_o help_v then_o hinder_v our_o peace_n our_o persecution_n proceed_v from_o thence_o now_o not_o able_a to_o persecute_v we_o nor_o take_v revenge_n of_o constantius_n for_o protect_v we_o and_o his_o be_v in_o britain_n
masbrook_n chitbury_n caurs_n clonn_n which_o be_v now_o in_o shropshire_n ewyas_n lacie_n ewyas_n harold_n clifford_n winsorton_n yardley_n huntingdon_n whitney_n loghardneis_n in_o herefordshire_n also_o this_o country_n of_o southwales_n as_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o britain_n be_v first_o inhabit_v by_o the_o britain_n which_o remain_v there_o to_o this_o day_n save_v that_o in_o divers_a place_n special_o along_o the_o sea_n shore_n they_o have_v be_v mingle_v with_o saxon_n norman_n which_o the_o welsh_a history_n call_v frenchmen_n and_o flemings_n for_o that_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n since_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o norman_n can_v never_o keep_v quiet_a possession_n thereof_o but_o what_o for_o stranger_n and_o what_o for_o disloyalty_n of_o their_o own_o people_n vexation_n and_o war_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n compel_v to_o keep_v themselves_o in_o caermardhenshire_n this_o shall_v suffice_v for_o the_o description_n of_o the_o country_n after_o this_o great_a king_n have_v as_o it_o be_v say_v before_o dispose_v of_o his_o affair_n have_v have_v war_n with_o burchved_a king_n of_o mercia_n which_o by_o the_o aid_n of_o ethelwaph_n enter_v north-wales_n with_o a_o great_a power_n and_o destroy_v anglesey_n &_o fight_v with_o the_o welshman_n divers_a time_n and_o slay_v meric_n a_o great_a prince_n among_o they_o 871._o 846._o math._n west_n kongen_fw-mi p._n of_o pendi_v at_o rome_n 871._o the_o year_n 846._o be_v ithel_n king_n of_o gwent_n or_o wetland_n slay_v in_o fight_n by_o the_o man_n of_o brechnoch_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 854_o kongen_n king_n of_o powis_n die_v at_o rome_n be_v slay_v or_o choke_v as_o some_o say_v by_o his_o own_o man_n much_o about_o this_o time_n die_v gwyan_n king_n of_o cardigan_n this_o be_v that_o noble_a gwyan_n ap_fw-mi meuric_n ap_fw-mi dunwal_n ap_fw-mi arthen_n ap_fw-mi sitsylt_n king_n or_o prince_n of_o cardigan_n who_o as_o some_o british_a book_n have_v be_v at_o this_o time_n drown_v by_o misfortune_n the_o dane_n have_v enter_v the_o land_n &_o be_v with_o shame_n and_o ignominy_n beat_v and_o repulse_v and_o compel_v to_o abjure_v the_o isle_n they_o bend_v whether_o equivocal_o or_o perfidious_o their_o force_n against_o wales_n and_o enter_v the_o isle_n of_o môn_n with_o a_o great_a army_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n eight_o hundred_o seventy_o three_o where_o roderick_n give_v they_o two_o battle_n one_o at_o a_o place_n call_v menegd_v in_o anglesey_n 879._o dau._n powel_n fol._n 34._o 879._o i_o find_v also_o say_v my_o author_n that_o about_o this_o time_n halden_n and_o hungare_n two_o captain_n of_o the_o dane_n arrive_v in_o southwales_n and_o overrun_v the_o whole_a country_n destroy_v all_o before_o they_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n neither_o spare_v church_n nor_o religious_a house_n but_o within_o a_o while_n after_o they_o receive_v their_o deserve_a reward_n at_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n who_o await_v for_o they_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o devonshire_n slay_v both_o halden_n and_o hungare_n with_o 1200_o of_o their_o people_n at_o this_o time_n endon_n bishop_n of_o menevia_n or_o st._n david_n die_v and_o hubert_n be_v install_v in_o his_o place_n and_o within_o two_o year_n after_o dungarth_n king_n of_o cornwall_n be_v drown_v by_o a_o mischance_n in_o the_o year_n 876_o the_o englishman_n enter_v into_o anglesey_n and_o fight_v with_o the_o welshman_n a_o sore_a battle_n who_o in_o the_o year_n follow_v slay_v roderike_n king_n or_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o gwyriad_n his_o brother_n or_o as_o some_o say_v his_o son_n this_o roderike_n have_v by_o his_o wife_n enharad_n the_o daughter_n of_o meyric_n the_o son_n of_o difnwal_n or_o dunwal_n the_o son_n of_o arthen_a ap_fw-mi sytsylt_n divers_a son_n as_o anarawd_n his_o elder_a son_n to_o who_o he_o give_v aberfraw_n with_o north-wales_n cadelh_n the_o second_o son_n who_o have_v dinevour_v with_o southwales_n and_o also_o take_v mathraval_n and_o powis_n land_n by_o force_n from_o his_o brethren_n after_o the_o death_n of_o mervin_n the_o three_o son_n to_o who_o the_o father_n have_v give_v the_o same_o arg_v a_o welsh_a manuscript_n which_o i_o have_v say_v rodri_n the_o great_a do_v bear_v g._n a_o cheveron_n between_o three_o rose_n arg_v quarterly_o gules_a and_o or_n four_o lion_n passant_a gardant_a counterchange_n the_o author_n who_o set_v down_o this_o coat_n as_o belong_v to_o this_o king_n or_o prince_n 209._o mr._n mill_n catalogue_n of_o honour_n fol._n 209._o compendious_o give_v we_o this_o relation_n roderike_n the_o great_a in_o welsh_z call_v rodero_n mawr_z prince_z of_o all_o wales_n a_o man_n of_o much_o strength_n and_o courage_n the_o son_n essilt_n beget_v by_o mervin_n king_n of_o the_o isle_n who_o grandfather_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n be_v conan_n the_o son_n of_o roderike_n the_o son_n of_o idwall_n the_o son_n of_o cadwallader_n the_o last_o king_n of_o the_o britain_n this_o idwall_n convey_v the_o miserable_a britain_n that_o be_v oppress_v and_o afflict_v with_o the_o invasion_n and_o inroad_n of_o the_o saxon_n into_o cambria_n now_o call_v wales_n and_o worthy_o govern_v they_o under_o the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o prince_n of_o wales_n some_o be_v of_o of_o opinion_n that_o the_o cambre_n be_v call_v welshman_n by_o this_o idwallo_n as_o in_o old_a time_n the_o britain_n take_v their_o name_n from_o brute_n but_o this_o be_v of_o no_o more_o truth_n then_o they_o be_v that_o will_v have_v they_o of_o one_o wallo_n their_o duke_n and_o governor_n or_o of_o wendola_n a_o queen_n of_o who_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n make_v among_o they_o this_o roderike_n of_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n scotland_n the_o author_n also_o put_v camber_n before_o albanact_n prefer_v wales_n before_o scotland_n be_v the_o first_o that_o cause_v the_o history_n of_o the_o britain_n to_o be_v write_v he_o renew_v good_a law_n he_o cause_v strong_a castle_n to_o be_v build_v and_o procure_v that_o church_n or_o temple_n shall_v be_v keep_v and_o maintain_v for_o divine_a service_n at_o his_o decease_n he_o leave_v the_o principality_n of_o all_o wales_n to_o be_v divide_v unto_o his_o three_o son_n follow_v the_o example_n of_o brute_n who_o make_v locrine_n camber_n and_o albanact_n king_n this_o matter_n of_o division_n be_v the_o very_a true_a and_o first_o original_a of_o the_o welsh_a man_n ruin_n as_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o kingdom_n which_o they_o call_v principality_n for_o allbeit_v whilst_o they_o live_v one_o man_n hold_v and_o maintain_v his_o own_o with_o much_o stoutness_n and_o magnanimity_n yet_o their_o posterity_n be_v distract_v and_o fall_v to_o war_n among_o themselves_o be_v enforce_v every_o each_o to_o defend_v his_o part_n as_o well_o from_o their_o general_a enemy_n the_o english_a as_o from_o their_o neighbour_n and_o countryman_n the_o welsh_a by_o which_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o wales_n be_v wrack_v and_o overthrow_v roderike_n end_v his_o life_n in_o the_o eighty_o nine_o year_n of_o his_o age_n ante_fw-la mr._n will_n ut_fw-la ante_fw-la and_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n eight_o hundreed_n seventy_o seven_o alured_n the_o son_n of_o the_o godly_a king_n ethelwolph_n be_v then_o king_n of_o the_o english_a saxon_n he_o be_v bury_v at_o keyby_n castle_n in_o anglesey_n engharad_n princess_n of_o wales_n wife_n of_o roderike_n the_o great_a be_v daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o meirich_v the_o son_n of_o dyfnwal_n the_o son_n of_o arthen_a ap_fw-mi sytsilt_fw-mi king_n of_o cardigan_n their_o issue_n mervin_n prince_n of_o venâ—dosia_n or_o north-wales_n of_o who_o more_o hereafter_o anarandus_fw-la be_v second_o son_n to_o who_o his_o father_n give_v the_o 105._o cantred_n or_o hundred_o of_o powis_n land_n and_o for_o that_o of_o all_o his_o brethren_n he_o be_v the_o most_o valiant_a and_o approve_a warrior_n he_o seat_v he_o in_o the_o march_n or_o border_n of_o wales_n his_o principal_a seat_n and_o manor_n be_v at_o mathraval_n the_o patrimony_n of_o this_o anarandus_fw-la namely_o the_o principality_n of_o powis_n in_o process_n of_o time_n devolve_v and_o come_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o woman_n name_v hawis_n as_o her_o right_n and_o inheritance_n she_o be_v marry_v to_o one_o john_n chorlton_n a_o englishman_n enfeoff_v he_o with_o her_o right_a and_o make_v he_o lord_n of_o powis_n from_o this_o family_n it_o descend_v at_o last_o to_o the_o grey_n of_o the_o north_n and_o thereby_o utter_o lose_v that_o name_n and_o title_n of_o principality_n for_o andornus_n or_o owen_n the_o father_n of_o hawis_n or_o avis_n be_v call_v and_o send_v for_o to_o a_o parliament_n which_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o hold_v at_o shrewsbury_n by_o the_o decree_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n and_o baron_n take_v his_o land_n to_o be_v hold_v in_o capite_fw-la under_o the_o title_n and_o tenure_n of_o free_a baronage_n of_o england_n and_o
fight_v at_o a_o place_n call_v meilon_n of_o the_o which_o it_o be_v call_v maes_n rhos_n meilon_n year_n 907_o the_o year_n 907._o die_v cade_v king_n or_o prince_n of_o south-wales_n three_o son_n to_o roderick_n the_o great_a leave_v behind_o he_o three_o son_n howel_n dha_n that_o be_v to_o say_v howel_n the_o good_a who_o succeed_v his_o father_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o south-wales_n meyric_n and_o clydawc_n short_o after_o there_o come_v a_o great_a navy_n from_o tydwick_n with_o uther_n and_o rahald_v and_o past_o the_o western_a sea_n to_o wales_n and_o destroy_v saint_n david_n and_o there_o fight_v the_o battle_n dinerth_n where_o mayloc_n the_o son_n of_o peredur_n gam_n be_v slay_v year_n 913_o in_o the_o year_n 913_o anaawd_n chief_a king_n of_o wales_n die_v and_o leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n edwal_n voel_n who_o reign_v after_o he_o and_o elise_n 〈…〉_o 877._o mr._n mill_n fol._n 292._o anno_fw-la 877._o mr._n mill_n differ_v here_o from_o mr._n powel_n the_o 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the_o cause_n end_v this_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a for_o this_o time_n some_o author_n write_v that_o lhewelin_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_v who_o be_v after_o prince_n of_o wales_n assisted_z edmund_z a_o saxon_a king_n and_o enter_v cumberland_n take_v the_o two_o son_n of_o dummaille_n king_n of_o the_o province_n put_v out_o their_o eye_n and_o then_o give_v that_o country_n to_o malcolme_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o he_o with_o condition_n to_o keep_v the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o realm_n from_o incursion_n of_o enemy_n the_o which_o condition_n be_v afterward_o but_o slender_o perform_v this_o malcome_n be_v the_o son_n of_o donald_n king_n of_o scotland_n and_o be_v the_o next_o king_n after_o constantine_n the_o three_o be_v in_o number_n the_o 76._o in_o the_o year_n 942._o die_v hubert_n bishop_n of_o st._n david_n and_o the_o year_n follow_v marclois_fw-fr bishop_n of_o bangor_n and_o vssa_n the_o son_n of_o lhavyr_n die_v the_o year_n 944._o the_o englishman_n enter_v wales_n with_o 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or_o lhanrwst_n as_o some_o think_v where_o a_o great_a number_n be_v slay_v upon_o either_o side_n as_o anarawd_n the_o son_n of_o gwyriad_n or_o vriel_n the_o son_n of_o roderike_n the_o great_a and_o edwin_n the_o son_n of_o howel_n dha_n in_o the_o which_o battle_n be_v overthrow_v the_o son_n of_o howel_n who_o janaf_n &_o jago_n pursue_v to_o caerdigan_n &_o destroy_v their_o country_n with_o fire_n &_o sword_n about_o this_o time_n yarthyr_n the_o son_n of_o mervyn_n be_v drown_v in_o the_o year_n 958_o be_v a_o wonderful_a hot_a summer_n when_o gwyan_n the_o son_n of_o gwiriad_n the_o son_n of_o roderike_n die_v after_o the_o which_o heat_n there_o follow_v a_o great_a plague_n in_o march_n ensue_v in_o those_o day_n jago_n and_o janaf_n by_o force_n and_o strength_n rule_v all_o wales_n as_o they_o think_v good_a and_o yet_o for_o all_o their_o power_n abloic_a king_n of_o ireland_n land_v in_o môn_n and_o have_v burn_v holyhead_n spoil_v the_o country_n of_o lhyyn_n year_n 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especial_o in_o wales_n which_o destroy_v much_o sheep_n and_o otherways_o do_v great_a harm_n release_v the_o tribute_n of_o money_n appoint_v by_o the_o say_a law_n of_o howel_n dha_n and_o bind_v the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n to_o pay_v he_o yearly_o certain_a wolf_n for_o his_o tribute_n &_o so_o to_o be_v release_v of_o the_o other_o tribute_n in_o money_n which_o the_o say_a prince_n perform_v until_o he_o have_v leave_v never_o a_o wolf_n in_o all_o wales_n or_o england_n year_n 966_o in_o the_o year_n 966._o roderike_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n voel_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o irishman_n by_o who_o abersfraw_n be_v destroy_v the_o next_o year_n after_o fell_a a_o great_a debate_n betwixt_o the_o two_o son_n of_o edwal_n jago_n and_o janaf_n which_o have_v rule_v joint_o together_o from_o the_o death_n of_o howel_n dha_n till_o that_o time_n and_o short_o after_o jago_n have_v take_v his_o brother_n janaf_a by_o force_n very_o cruel_o keep_v he_o in_o prison_n a_o long_a time_n about_o the_o which_o time_n eneon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o southwales_n wan_a &_o seize_v to_o himself_o the_o land_n of_o gwyr_n and_o in_o the_o year_n â—69_n machis_n the_o son_n of_o haroald_n with_o a_o army_n of_o dane_n do_v enter_v into_o anglesey_n and_o spoil_v 〈◊〉_d year_n 969_o theâ—â—_n â—â—â—nes_n be_v suffer_v by_o edgar_n to_o inhabit_v quiet_o through_o all_o england_n till_o they_o â—â—re_v as_o strong_a as_o the_o englishman_n and_o then_o they_o fall_v to_o such_o riotousness_n and_o drink_v that_o â—â—ch_a mischief_n ensue_v thereof_o drink_n a_o law_n against_o immoderate_a drink_n whereupon_o edgar_n make_v a_o law_n that_o every_o man_n shall_v drink_v by_o measure_n and_o cause_v a_o certain_a mark_n to_o be_v set_v in_o every_o pot_n how_o deep_o they_o shall_v drink_v and_o so_o by_o these_o mean_v he_o somewhat_o stay_v the_o immoderate_a ingurgation_n not_o long_o after_o that_o godfryd_n the_o son_n of_o haroald_n do_v subdue_v to_o himself_o the_o whole_a isle_n of_o anglesey_n which_o he_o enjoy_v not_o long_a year_n 972_o king_n edgar_n likewise_o in_o the_o year_n 972_o do_v send_v a_o great_a army_n to_o gaâ—â—â—â—on_n upon_o vsk_v which_o short_o turn_v back_o without_o do_v any_o notable_a act_n vsk_n caerleon_n upon_o vsk_n the_o next_o year_n follow_v howel_n the_o son_n of_o janaf_n raise_v a_o great_a power_n against_o his_o uncle_n jago_n for_o the_o deliverance_n of_o his_o father_n out_o of_o prison_n and_o overcome_v his_o uncle_n in_o fight_n who_o he_o chase_v out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o take_v his_o elder_a uncle_n meyric_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n and_o put_v out_o both_o his_o eye_n and_o keep_v he_o in_o prison_n where_o he_o die_v short_o after_o leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n edwal_n and_o jonaval_n of_o the_o which_o edwal_n come_v afterward_o the_o most_o worthy_a prince_n of_o wales_n howel_n notwithstanding_o he_o have_v set_v his_o father_n at_o liberty_n yet_o take_v upon_o himself_o the_o whole_a rule_n of_o the_o land_n for_o his_o life-time_n he_o have_v three_o brethren_n all_o man_n of_o great_a estimation_n meyrich_n janaf_a and_o cadwallon_n who_o line_n shall_v ensue_v hereafter_o howel_n son_n of_o janaf_n after_o that_o howel_n the_o son_n of_o janaf_n have_v expel_v his_o uncle_n from_o the_o land_n rome_n dunwalhon_n go_v to_o rome_n he_o take_v the_o rule_n to_o himself_o and_o at_o that_o time_n dwnwalhon_n prince_n of_o strad_n cwlyd_v take_v his_o journey_n to_o rome_n then_o die_v edwalhon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n year_n 976_o the_o year_n 976_o eneon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n king_n of_o southwales_n destroy_v the_o land_n of_o gwyr_n the_o second_o time_n the_o year_n ensue_v howel_n the_o son_n of_o janaf_n with_o a_o great_a army_n both_o of_o welshman_n
castle_n of_o ridcor_n and_o other_o castle_n thereabouts_o see_v they_o can_v not_o have_v the_o upperhand_n of_o howel_n ap_fw-mi grono_n in_o open_a fight_n fall_v to_o their_o accustom_a practice_n of_o treason_n and_o so_o obtain_v their_o purpose_n in_o this_o manner_n there_o be_v one_o gwgan_n ap_fw-mi meyric_n who_o have_v nurse_v a_o son_n to_o howel_n ap_fw-mi grono_n and_o therefore_o very_a well_o trust_v and_o belove_v of_o he_o as_o the_o custom_n of_o wales_n be_v treason_n a_o odious_a &_o detestable_a treason_n this_o traitor_n be_v corrupt_v by_o the_o norman_n procure_v his_o master_n death_n invite_v he_o one_o night_n to_o his_o house_n to_o make_v merry_a whether_o he_o come_v willing_o then_o gwgan_n give_v notice_n to_o the_o garrisous_n of_o the_o castle_n who_o in_o the_o dawn_n of_o the_o day_n enter_v the_o town_n and_o come_v about_o the_o house_n give_v a_o great_a shout_n which_o awake_v howel_n who_o courageous_o leap_v out_o of_o his_o bed_n and_o 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the_o son_n of_o trabern_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n another_o easie_n for_o a_o enemy_n to_o overcome_v where_o the_o native_n destroy_v one_o another_o be_v both_o slay_v by_o owen_n ap_fw-mi cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n and_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n break_v the_o prison_n where_o he_o have_v be_v a_o long_a time_n and_o recover_v again_o his_o own_o inheritance_n which_o he_o enjoy_v in_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n the_o year_n 1108._o the_o rage_n of_o the_o sea_n do_v overflow_v and_o drown_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o low-countries_n of_o flanders_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v force_v to_o seek_v new_a dwelling_n and_o place_n of_o abode_n who_o come_v to_o king_n henry_n and_o desire_v he_o to_o give_v they_o some_o void_a place_n to_o remain_v in_o who_o be_v very_o liberal_a of_o that_o which_o be_v none_o of_o his_o own_o give_v they_o the_o land_n of_o ros_n in_o dynet_n or_o westwales_n where_o pembroke_n tenby_n and_o hanerford_n be_v now_o build_v and_o there_o they_o remain_v to_o this_o day_n as_o well_o may_v be_v perceive_v by_o their_o speech_n and_o condition_n far_o differ_v from_o that_o of_o the_o country_n at_o that_o time_n gerald_n the_o steward_n die_v who_o build_v again_o the_o castle_n of_o pembroke_n in_o a_o place_n call_v congarth_n vechan_n and_o bring_v thither_o all_o his_o householdstuff_n and_o other_o good_n with_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n then_o also_o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n make_v a_o great_a feast_n in_o christmas_n day_n christmas_n observe_v in_o those_o day_n and_o invite_v all_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o country_n to_o his_o house_n in_o dynet_n among_o who_o come_v owem_v his_o son_n who_o be_v at_o his_o father_n house_n and_o hear_v nest_n the_o wife_n of_o gerald_n steward_n of_o pembroke_n praise_v above_o all_o the_o woman_n in_o the_o land_n he_o be_v inflame_v with_o a_o desire_n to_o behold_v she_o and_o forasmuch_o as_o gladis_n daughter_n of_o rees_n ap_fw-mi theodore_n or_o tewdor_n and_o mother_n to_o nest_n be_v daughter_n to_o rywalhon_n ap_fw-mi convin_n and_o cozen_v germane_a to_o cadogan_n his_o father_n he_o with_o a_o few_o under_o the_o colour_n of_o friendship_n or_o cozenage_n go_v to_o see_v she_o and_o find_v the_o truth_n to_o surmount_v the_o fame_n he_o come_v home_o wound_v with_o love_n and_o in_o that_o dote_a humour_n the_o same_o night_n return_v thither_o again_o with_o a_o crew_n of_o wild_a companion_n or_o hector_n enter_v the_o castle_n private_o and_o compass_v the_o chamber_n about_o and_o set_v the_o house_n on_o fire_n which_o awake_v gerald_n and_o his_o wife_n who_o will_v have_v issue_v out_o to_o know_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o noise_n but_o his_o wife_n fear_v some_o treason_n impeach_v he_o and_o advise_v he_o to_o go_v to_o the_o prince_n where_o draw_v up_o the_o board_n she_o help_v he_o out_o that_o way_n which_o do_v she_o come_v to_o the_o chamber_n door_n and_o say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o body_n but_o she_o and_o her_o child_n yet_o they_o force_v in_o and_o seek_v round_o about_o but_o not_o find_v he_o they_o seize_v on_o she_o and_o her_o two_o son_n and_o a_o son_n and_o a_o daughter_n bear_v by_o a_o concubine_n to_o gerald_n and_o carry_v they_o away_o to_o powis_n and_o burn_v the_o castle_n they_o spoil_v all_o the_o country_n when_o cadogan_n understand_v this_o rumour_n he_o be_v much_o displease_v fear_v the_o king_n heavy_a displeasure_n and_o forthwith_o go_v to_o powis_n and_o command_v his_o son_n to_o send_v to_o gerald_n his_o wife_n and_o child_n with_o his_o good_n but_o owen_n by_o no_o mean_n will_v depart_v with_o the_o lady_n yet_o at_o her_o request_n he_o send_v unto_o gerald_n his_o child_n again_o and_o when_o richard_n bishop_n of_o london_n ruin_n the_o welsh_a still_o make_v author_n of_o their_o own_o ruin_n who_o the_o king_n have_v appoint_v warden_n of_o the_o marsh_n be_v at_o shrewsbury_n hear_v of_o this_o he_o be_v high_o offend_v and_o send_v 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be_v destroy_v the_o country_n and_o at_o that_o time_n walter_n bishop_n of_o hereford_n gather_v a_o army_n to_o defend_v caermarthyn_n and_o meet_v with_o such_o as_o flee_v to_o arust_o and_z mehenyth_n and_o destroy_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o those_o that_o go_v to_o stradtywy_n be_v gentle_o receive_v by_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi rytherck_n and_o vchtryd_v save_v all_o such_o as_o come_v unto_o he_o and_o thus_o these_o four_o come_v with_o their_o power_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o rydcor_n and_o think_v best_a to_o have_v enter_v the_o country_n by_o night_n for_o fear_n of_o ambuscado_n and_o to_o take_v cadogan_n and_o owen_n unaware_o but_o vchtryd_v dissuade_v they_o from_o that_o stratagem_n counsel_v they_o to_o enter_v by_o day_n with_o their_o man_n in_o good_a order_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n cadogan_n and_o owen_n get_v a_o ship_n at_o aberystwyth_n which_o be_v late_o come_v from_o ireland_n and_o escape_v away_o so_o that_o the_o day_n after_o when_o they_o 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himself_o but_o be_v ready_a to_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o scottish_a king_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n but_o for_o all_o this_o owen_n will_v not_o trust_v the_o king_n until_o such_o time_n as_o his_o uncle_n meredyth_n come_v from_o the_o king_n to_o he_o and_o counsel_v he_o not_o to_o forsake_v the_o king_n of_o england_n offer_n but_o rather_o to_o trust_v to_o his_o promise_n and_o to_o make_v haste_n before_o the_o prince_n agree_v with_o the_o king_n who_o offer_v he_o all_o his_o land_n without_o tribute_n owen_n hear_v this_o come_v to_o the_o king_n who_o receive_v he_o gracious_o and_o tell_v he_o because_o he_o have_v trust_v the_o king_n word_n and_o promise_n he_o will_v not_o only_o perform_v that_o but_o also_o exalt_v he_o above_o all_o his_o â—kin_n and_o give_v he_o his_o land_n without_o tribute_n the_o prince_n also_o hear_v of_o this_o send_v to_o the_o king_n to_o have_v his_o peace_n which_o because_o the_o king_n can_v not_o come_v by_o he_o he_o obtain_v for_o a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n some_o british_a copy_n write_v that_o the_o submission_n both_o of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi conan_n and_o also_o of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi cadogan_n be_v procure_v by_o subtle_a policy_n of_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n the_o one_o work_v with_o gruffith_n and_o bear_v he_o in_o hand_n that_o owen_n have_v submit_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n and_o make_v his_o peace_n with_o he_o before_o it_o be_v so_o indeed_o so_o that_o the_o prince_n something_o yield_v to_o the_o earl_n request_n if_o owen_n have_v so_o do_v contrary_a to_o his_o oath_n for_o they_o be_v swear_v each_o to_o other_o the_o one_o not_o to_o agree_v without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o other_o seem_v to_o incline_v to_o peace_n on_o the_o otherside_n meredyth_n go_v himself_o in_o person_n to_o his_o nephew_n owen_n thereof_o this_o nation_n still_o bring_v to_o ruin_v by_o the_o noble_n thereof_o affirm_v for_o a_o truth_n that_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n be_v thorough_o agree_v concern_v peace_n and_o that_o the_o prince_n be_v on_o his_o journey_n towards_o the_o king_n to_o make_v his_o submission_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n all_o messenger_n between_o owen_n and_o the_o prince_n be_v by_o the_o procurement_n of_o meredyth_n intercept_v where_o upon_o owen_n willing_o yield_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n the_o king_n have_v finish_v his_o business_n in_o wales_n call_v owen_n to_o he_o and_o tell_v he_o that_o if_o he_o will_v go_v with_o he_o into_o normandy_n and_o be_v faithful_a unto_o he_o he_o will_v perform_v all_o his_o promise_n with_o he_o whereupon_o owen_n go_v with_o the_o king_n into_o normandy_n where_o he_o be_v make_v knight_n and_o have_v all_o promise_v perform_v by_o the_o king_n at_o his_o return_n the_o year_n follow_v at_o which_o time_n die_v griffith_n bishop_n of_o menevia_n and_o the_o king_n make_v one_o bernard_n a_o norman_a bishop_n in_o his_o place_n contrary_a to_o the_o mind_n of_o all_o the_o clergy_n of_o wales_n who_o be_v always_o accustom_v to_o choose_v their_o bishop_n at_o this_o time_n there_o be_v a_o rumour_n through_o all_o southwales_n of_o gruffith_n the_o son_n of_o rees_n ap_fw-mi theodore_n who_o for_o fear_n of_o the_o king_n have_v be_v of_o a_o child_n bring_v up_o in_o ireland_n and_o have_v come_v over_o two_o year_n since_o which_o time_n he_o have_v spend_v private_o with_o his_o friend_n and_o kinsfolk_n and_o ally_n as_o with_o girald_n steward_n of_o pembrock_n his_o brother_n in_o law_n and_o other_o but_o at_o last_o he_o be_v accuse_v to_o the_o king_n that_o he_o intend_v the_o kingdom_n of_o southwales_n as_o his_o father_n have_v enjoy_v it_o which_o be_v now_o in_o the_o king_n hand_n and_o that_o all_o the_o country_n hope_v for_o liberty_n by_o his_o mean_n therefore_o the_o king_n send_v to_o secure_v he_o but_z griffith_z ap_fw-mi rees_n hearing_n of_o this_o send_v to_o griffith_n ap_fw-mi conan_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n desire_v his_o and_n and_o that_o he_o may_v remain_v safe_o with_o he_o in_o his_o country_n which_o he_o grant_v and_o receive_v he_o joyful_o for_o his_o father_n sake_n howel_n the_o brother_n of_o this_o griffith_n be_v commit_v to_o prison_n arnulph_n earl_n of_o chester_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o montgomery_n where_o he_o remain_v prisoner_n a_o long_a time_n make_v a_o escape_n and_o be_v sore_o hurt_v and_o bruise_v flee_v to_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi conan_n where_fw-mi his_o brother_n be_v which_o thing_n when_o the_o king_n hear_v he_o send_v gentle_a letter_n to_o the_o prince_n desire_v he_o to_o come_v and_o speak_v with_o he_o which_z griffith_z ap_fw-mi conan_n do_v who_o the_o king_n receive_v honourable_o and_o give_v he_o rich_a gift_n and_o precious_a jewel_n after_o the_o usage_n of_o the_o norman_n who_o make_v much_o of_o man_n to_o serve_v their_o turn_n afterward_o he_o talk_v with_o he_o of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n promise_v he_o mountain_n of_o gold_n to_o send_v the_o say_a griffith_n or_o his_o head_n unto_o he_o the_o which_o thing_n the_o prince_n be_v deceive_v with_o the_o fair_a word_n of_o the_o king_n promise_v to_o do_v and_o so_o return_v home_o joyful_o but_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n and_o howel_n his_o brother_n have_v counsel_n give_v they_o to_o withdraw_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o way_n awhile_o until_o they_o understand_v what_o the_o prince_n will_v do_v for_o their_o friend_n suspect_v the_o king_n message_n the_o prince_n as_o soon_o as_o ever_o he_o come_v to_o his_o palace_n at_o aberfraw_n inquire_v for_o griffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n and_o learn_v where_o he_o be_v send_v certain_a horseman_n for_o he_o to_o come_v to_o his_o court_n and_o as_o they_o come_v towards_o his_o house_n where_o he_o be_v he_o have_v warning_n of_o their_o come_n and_o with_o much_o ado_n escape_v to_o the_o church_n of_o aberdaron_n and_o take_v sanctuary_n there_o then_o the_o messenger_n 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stay_v here_o but_o a_o very_a short_a time_n be_v translate_v to_o york_n february_n 25._o 1561._o 82._o richard_n davis_n bishop_n of_o asaph_n 83._o marmaduke_n midleton_n bishop_n of_o waterford_n in_o ireland_n 84._o anthony_n rud_n doctor_n of_o divinity_n bear_v in_o yorkshire_n bring_v up_o in_o cambridge_n after_o he_o have_v be_v the_o space_n of_o nine_o year_n dean_n of_o gloucester_n be_v consecrate_v june_n the_o 9_o 1594._o 85._o richard_n milbourne_n translate_v to_o carlisle_n 86._o william_n laud_n 1621._o translate_v to_o well_n 1626._o from_o thence_o to_o london_n be_v chancellor_n of_o oxford_n last_o translate_v to_o canterbury_n 1633._o and_o last_o behead_v on_o tower-hill_n 87._o theoph._n field_n 1627._o translate_v to_o hereford_n 1635._o 88_o roger_n mainwaring_n bishop_n of_o st._n david_n 1641._o at_o the_o begin_n of_o that_o parliament_n so_o fatal_a to_o bishop_n the_o bishopric_n of_o st._n david_n be_v value_v in_o the_o exchequer_n at_o 426_o l_o 22_o ob_n and_o in_o the_o pope_n book_n at_o 1500_o ducat_n let_v we_o now_o return_v to_o our_o former_a matter_n in_o hand_n about_o the_o year_n 1149._o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n do_v build_v a_o castle_n at_o yale_n build_v yale_n castle_n &_o lhanrystyd_n castle_n build_v and_o his_o brother_n cadwallader_n build_v another_o at_o lhanrystyd_n and_o give_v cadogan_n his_o son_n part_n of_o caerdigan_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o this_o year_n madoc_n the_o son_n of_o meredyth_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n do_v build_v the_o castle_n of_o oswestrie_n which_o now_o give_v the_o title_n of_o a_o barony_n to_o the_o honourable_a family_n of_o the_o howard_n and_o give_v his_o nephew_n owen_n and_o meiric_n the_o son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n his_o part_n of_o cynelioc_n build_v oswestrie_n castle_n build_v the_o year_n after_o prince_n owen_n do_v imprison_v conan_n his_o son_n for_o certain_a fault_n commit_v against_o his_o father_n also_o prince_n owen_n son_n take_v 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bishop_n of_o hereford_n and_o moreover_o complain_v that_o they_o have_v usurp_v on_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o these_o place_n gwhyr_n cedwely_n cantref_n bychan_n ystrad_n yw_n and_o ergeng_n upon_o deposition_n of_o 6_o witness_n that_o all_o these_o be_v of_o the_o diocese_n of_o landaff_n they_o be_v so_o adjudge_v by_o the_o pope_n definitive_a sentence_n who_o also_o write_v unto_o the_o king_n and_o archbishop_n to_o restore_v that_o right_n unto_o the_o bishop_n of_o landaff_n and_o to_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o yield_v obedience_n to_o he_o and_o his_o successor_n as_o their_o diocesan_n howbeit_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v i_o know_v not_o those_o place_n be_v now_o and_o long_o have_v be_v esteem_v part_n of_o the_o diocese_n of_o st._n david_n and_o part_n of_o hereford_n and_o none_o of_o they_o of_o landaff_n this_o bishop_n die_v beyond_o sea_n travel_v betwixt_o this_o and_o rome_n anno_fw-la 1133._o vacat_fw-la sedes_fw-la annos_fw-la 6._o 31_o vchtred_a that_o succeed_v have_v a_o daughter_n marry_v before_o he_o have_v order_n to_o jorworth_n ap_fw-mi owen_n ap_fw-mi caradoc_n lord_n of_o caerlbeon_n upon_o vsk_n a_o great_a and_o mighty_a man_n in_o those_o part_n he_o die_v a_o 1141._o 32_o geoffrey_n die_v 1153._o 33_o nicolas_n ap_fw-mi gurgant_n die_v 1183._o 34_o william_n de_fw-fr salso_fw-la marisco_n 35_o henry_n prior_n of_o burgavenni_fw-la be_v founder_n of_o 12_o prebend_n in_o the_o church_n of_o landaff_n he_o die_v 1218._o 36_o william_n prior_n of_o goldeliff_n in_o monmothshire_n die_v january_n 28_o a_o 1229._o 37_o elis_n de_fw-fr radnor_n die_v may_v the_o 6_o 1240._o 38_o william_n de_fw-fr burgo_n chaplain_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o 3d._o be_v consecrate_v the_o year_n 1244._o and_o die_v june_n 11_o 1253._o have_v live_v blind_a 7_o year_n before_o his_o death_n 39_o john_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr ware_n abbot_n of_o margan_n die_v about_o the_o end_n of_o june_n 1253._o 40_o william_n de_fw-fr radnor_n die_v january_n the_o 9_o 1265._o 41_o william_n de_fw-fr brew_v die_v in_o the_o end_n of_o march_n 1287._o he_o lie_v bury_v under_o a_o marble_n engrave_v in_o the_o east_n end_n of_o the_o church_n of_o landaff_n towards_o the_o north_n wall_n vacat_fw-la sedes_fw-la annos_fw-la 9_o 42_o john_n de_fw-fr monmoth_n doctor_n of_o divinity_n be_v consecrate_v feb._n 10._o 1296._o at_o canterbury_n and_o die_v april_n 8_o 1323._o he_o lie_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o east_n end_n of_o the_o church_n celceuliere_n common_o call_v our_o lady_n chapel_n under_o a_o flat_a marble_n have_v a_o french_a inscription_n now_o somewhat_o deface_v 43_o john_n de_fw-fr egliscliff_n a_o friar_n preacher_n be_v consecrate_v at_o rome_n and_o come_v to_o his_o diocese_n of_o landaff_n upon_o the_o eve_n of_o trinity_n sunday_n 1223._o he_o die_v at_o lankadwaladar_n jan._n 2._o 1346._o and_o be_v bury_v at_o caediff_n 44_o john_n paschall_n doctor_n of_o divinity_n a_o carmelite_n of_o ipswich_n be_v a_o gentleman_n bear_v in_o suffolk_n of_o a_o family_n yet_o remain_v there_o and_o bring_v up_o in_o the_o university_n of_o cambridge_n by_o william_n bateman_n bishop_n of_o norwich_n be_v make_v a_o titulary_a bishop_n and_o his_o suffragan_n by_o the_o name_n of_o episcopus_fw-la scutariensis_fw-la from_o that_o imaginary_a see_v he_o be_v translate_v by_o the_o pope_n to_o landaff_n a_o 1347._o die_v 1361._o and_o be_v bury_v at_o landaff_n he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o great_a learning_n and_o leave_v divers_a monument_n thereof_o in_o write_v behind_o he_o 45_o roger_n cradoc_n a_o friar_n minor_n 46_o thomas_n rushook_n a_o friar_n preacher_n and_o doctor_n of_o divinity_n be_v translate_v to_o chichester_n 47_o william_n de_fw-fr betlesham_n make_v bishop_n of_o bethelem_n by_o the_o pope_n be_v translate_v first_o to_o landaff_n and_o after_o to_o rochester_n 48_o edmund_n de_fw-fr bromfield_n be_v a_o dr._n of_o divinity_n and_o monk_n at_o bury_v where_o be_v know_v for_o a_o a_o 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other_o rule_v as_o supreme_a power_n within_o their_o own_o country_n wherefore_o he_o call_v a_o parliament_n of_o all_o the_o lord_n in_o wales_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n appear_v before_o he_o and_o swear_v to_o be_v his_o liege_n man_n but_o gwenwynwyn_n lord_n of_o powis_n will_v not_o come_v thither_o nor_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n which_o disobedience_n the_o prince_n declare_v to_o all_o his_o lord_n and_o they_o all_o thought_n that_o it_o be_v requisite_a that_o gwenwynwyn_n shall_v be_v constrain_v by_o force_n to_o do_v his_o duty_n or_o else_o to_o lose_v his_o land_n yet_o one_o of_o his_o lord_n name_v elise_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n will_v not_o condescend_v to_o hurt_v gwenwynwyn_n in_o any_o case_n but_o depart_v away_o sudden_o then_o lhewelyn_n come_v with_o a_o army_n to_o powis_n but_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o certain_a learned_a man_n gwenwynwyn_n and_o the_o prince_n be_v make_v friend_n and_o gwenwynwyn_n become_v the_o p._n his_o liege_n man_n 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and_o be_v at_o this_o day_n a_o narrow_a way_n through_o the_o same_o ditch_n these_o man_n i_o say_v as_o they_o will_v have_v pass_v the_o strait_a bedhev_n adwy'r_o bedhev_n be_v meet_v withal_o and_o a_o great_a number_n slay_v as_o do_v appear_v by_o their_o grave_n there_o yet_o to_o be_v see_v whereof_o the_o straight_o bear_v the_o name_n therefore_o the_o englishman_n after_o not_o forget_v the_o slaughter_n use_v to_o cast_v the_o welshman_n in_o the_o tooth_n in_o all_o their_o trouble_n with_o the_o name_n of_o crogen_n as_o if_o they_o will_v signify_v unto_o they_o thereby_o that_o they_o shall_v look_v for_o no_o favour_n but_o rather_o revenge_v at_o their_o hand_n which_o word_n in_o process_n of_o time_n grow_v to_o be_v take_v in_o another_o signification_n take_v balani_fw-la castle_n fortify_v lhanymdhyfri_n castle_n take_v now_o when_o lhewelyn_n have_v all_o those_o party_n in_o good_a order_n he_o return_v to_o north_n wales_n and_o by_o the_o way_n fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o balani_fw-la penlhyn_n about_o the_o same_o time_n rees_n son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n by_o right_a p._n of_o south_n wales_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o lhanymdhyfri_n upon_o michaelmass_n day_n daughter_n the_o prince_n of_o wales_n marry_v the_o king_n of_o england_n daughter_n about_o this_o time_n lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n take_v to_o wife_n joan_n daughter_n of_o k._n john_n with_o who_o the_o say_a king_n give_v the_o lordship_n of_o elsmere_n in_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n the_o year_n next_o ensue_v the_o aforesaid_a rees_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n ap_fw-mi rees_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o lhangadoc_n and_o fortify_v it_o to_o his_o own_o use_n but_o short_o after_o maelgon_v his_o uncle_n with_o his_o friend_n gwenwynwyn_n come_v with_o a_o strong_a power_n before_o the_o castle_n of_o lhanymdhyfri_n and_o win_v it_o and_o from_o thence_o they_o remove_v to_o lhangadoc_n year_n 1204_o get_v the_o same_o likewise_o suffer_v the_o garrison_n to_o 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convenit_fw-la inter_fw-la dominum_fw-la hen._n 3._o regem_fw-la anglorum_fw-la illustrem_fw-la ex_fw-la una_fw-la parte_fw-la &_o senenam_fw-la vxorem_fw-la griffini_n silij_fw-la leolini_n quondam_a principis_fw-la northwalliae_a quem_fw-la david_n frater_fw-la ejus_fw-la tenet_fw-la carceri_fw-la mancipation_n cum_fw-la owino_fw-la silio_fw-la sao_fw-la nomine_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la gruffini_fw-la ex_fw-la altera_fw-la etc._n etc._n article_n of_o agreement_n between_o hen._n 3._o king_n of_o eng._n on_o the_o one_o party_n and_o senena_n the_o wife_n of_o gruffith_n the_o son_n of_o lhewelyn_n sometime_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n who_o david_n his_o brother_n detain_v in_o prison_n with_o owen_n his_o son_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o say_v gruffith_n on_o the_o other_o party_n i._o inprimis_fw-la the_o say_v senena_n undertake_v that_o the_o say_v gruffith_n her_o husband_n will_v give_v unto_o the_o king_n six_o hundred_o mark_n upon_o condition_n that_o the_o king_n do_v cause_n the_o say_v griffith_n and_o owen_n his_o son_n to_o be_v deliver_v from_o prison_n wherein_o they_o be_v keep_v and_o will_v stand_v at_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n court_n whether_o by_o law_n he_o ought_v to_o be_v imprison_v or_o no._n ii_o item_n the_o say_v gruffith_n and_o his_o heir_n will_v stand_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n court_n for_o and_o concern_v that_o portion_n of_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n his_o father_n which_o of_o right_a aught_o to_o pertain_v unto_o he_o iii_o item_n the_o say_v senena_n undertake_v for_o the_o say_v gruffith_n and_o his_o heir_n that_o the_o say_v gruffith_n and_o his_o heir_n shall_v yield_v and_o pay_v yearly_a to_o the_o king_n for_o the_o same_o land_n the_o sum_n of_o 300_o hundred_o mark_n whereof_o the_o first_o three_o part_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o money_n the_o second_o in_o kine_n and_o the_o three_o in_o horse_n by_o the_o estimation_n of_o indifferent_a man_n and_o the_o same_o to_o be_v pay_v yearly_o at_o michaelmass_n and_o easter_n by_o even_a portion_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o county_n of_o salop_n for_o the_o time_n be_v iv_o item_n the_o say_v senena_n undertake_v further_a for_o the_o say_v gruffith_n and_o his_o heir_n that_o they_o and_o every_o of_o they_o shall_v observe_v the_o peace_n against_o the_o say_a david_n and_o suffer_v he_o quiet_o to_o enjoy_v such_o portion_n of_o his_o father_n inheritance_n as_o to_o he_o shall_v be_v find_v to_o be_v due_a v._o item_n the_o say_v senena_n do_v further_o undertake_v for_o the_o say_v gruffith_n her_o husband_n his_o heir_n that_o in_o case_n any_o welshman_n hereafter_o shall_v happen_v to_o rebel_v against_o the_o king_n that_o they_o at_o their_o own_o cost_n and_o charge_n shall_v compel_v the_o say_a offender_n to_o make_v satisfaction_n to_o the_o king_n for_o his_o disobedience_n vi_o item_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o premise_n the_o say_a senena_n will_v deliver_v unto_o the_o lord_n the_o king_n david_n and_o roderike_n her_o son_n for_o pledge_n who_o promise_v that_o if_o the_o say_v gruffith_n and_o owen_n or_o either_o of_o they_o shall_v happen_v to_o die_v before_o their_o delivery_n out_o of_o prison_n it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o the_o say_v senena_n to_o have_v one_o of_o her_o son_n release_v the_o other_o remain_v with_o the_o king_n for_o pledge_n vii_o item_n the_o say_v senena_n have_v swear_v upon_o the_o holy_a evangelist_n that_o the_o say_v gruffith_n her_o husband_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o every_o of_o they_o shall_v accomplish_v and_o perform_v all_o the_o premise_n on_o their_o behalf_n and_o further_o undertake_v that_o the_o say_v gruffith_n her_o husband_n upon_o his_o delivery_n out_o of_o prison_n shall_v take_v the_o same_o oath_n viii_o item_n the_o say_v senena_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o say_v gruffith_n her_o husband_n submit_v herself_o concern_v the_o observation_n of_o the_o premise_n unto_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o reverend_a father_n the_o bishop_n of_o hereford_n and_o lichfield_n so_o that_o the_o say_v bishop_n or_o either_o of_o they_o at_o the_o king_n request_n shall_v compel_v the_o say_a gruffith_n and_o his_o heir_n to_o observe_v all_o and_o singular_a the_o premise_n on_o their_o behalf_n by_o sentence_n of_o excommunication_n upon_o their_o person_n and_o interdiction_n upon_o their_o land_n ix_o and_o last_o the_o say_v senena_n do_v undertake_v &_o promise_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la to_o see_v &_o procure_v the_o full_a performance_n of_o all_o the_o premise_n and_o that_o the_o say_v gruffith_n her_o husband_n and_o his_o heir_n shall_v allow_v and_o perform_v the_o same_o and_o thereof_o shall_v deliver_v his_o instrument_n in_o write_v to_o the_o king_n in_o form_n aforesaid_a to_o this_o charter_n both_o party_n put_v their_o seal_n gruffith_n and_o senena_n to_o that_o part_n which_o remain_v with_o the_o king_n and_o the_o king_n to_o that_o part_n which_o remain_v with_o senena_n moreover_o for_o the_o sure_a performance_n of_o these_o arricles_n the_o say_a senena_n for_o and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o her_o husband_n put_v in_o for_o pledge_n the_o aforesaid_a noble_a man_n to_o wit_n ralph_n mortimer_n walter_z clifford_z roger_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr alto_fw-mi etc._n etc._n who_o bind_v themselves_o by_o their_o several_a writing_n obligatory_a to_o the_o king_n in_o manner_n and_o form_n as_o follow_v omnibus_fw-la hoc_fw-la scriptum_fw-la visaris_fw-la rogerus_fw-la de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr alto_fw-mi senescallus_fw-la cestriae_fw-la salutem_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o all_o and_o singular_a to_o who_o this_o writing_n shall_v come_v roger_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr alto_fw-mi steward_n of_o chester_n send_v greeting_n know_v you_o that_o i_o have_v constitute_v myself_o pledge_n for_o senena_n the_o wife_n of_o gruffith_n the_o son_n of_o lhewelin_n sometime_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n and_o have_v undertake_v for_o she_o to_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n king_n henry_n of_o england_n that_o the_o say_v senena_n shall_v accomplish_v and_o perform_v all_o and_o singular_a those_o covenant_n and_o article_n agree_v upon_o between_o our_o say_a sovereign_a lord_n and_o the_o say_v senena_n for_o and_o concern_v the_o deliverance_n of_o the_o say_v gruffith_n her_o husband_n and_n owen_n his_o son_n out_o of_o the_o prison_n of_o david_n his_o brother_n and_o the_o portion_n of_o inheritance_n due_a unto_o the_o say_v gruffith_n which_o the_o say_v david_n keep_v from_o he_o by_o force_n in_o witness_v whereof_o to_o this_o present_a writing_n i_o have_v put_v to_o my_o seal_n date_v at_o salop_n the_o monday_n before_o the_o feast_n of_o the_o assumption_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n mary_n in_o the_o 25_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o say_v king_n the_o like_a charter_n be_v make_v by_o every_o one_o of_o the_o other_o noble_a man_n pledge_n who_o bind_v themselves_o with_o the_o like_a word_n further_o such_o of_o the_o say_a lord_n as_o favour_a gruffiths_n cause_n be_v out_o among_o themselves_o and_o be_v now_o make_v friend_n as_o morgan_z ap_fw-mi howel_n lord_n of_o kery_n and_o sr._n ralph_n mortimer_n who_o before_o be_v at_o variance_n whereupon_o david_n be_v drive_v to_o extremity_n have_v most_o of_o the_o nobility_n against_o he_o especial_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n favour_v he_o not_o who_o be_v a_o man_n of_o great_a wisdom_n and_o power_n be_v entire_o belove_v of_o the_o king_n again_o the_o sentence_n of_o excommunication_n and_o the_o interdiction_n of_o his_o land_n do_v not_o a_o little_a vex_v he_o but_o the_o king_n presence_n with_o so_o puissant_a a_o army_n do_v so_o move_v his_o spirit_n that_o he_o can_v not_o be_v quiet_a till_o he_o have_v send_v to_o the_o king_n to_o desire_v peace_n with_o this_o submission_n follow_v the_o charter_n of_o the_o article_n of_o david_n submission_n to_o the_o king_n omnibus_fw-la christi_fw-la fidelibus_fw-la ad_fw-la quos_fw-la praesentes_fw-la literae_fw-la pervenerint_fw-la david_n filius_fw-la leolini_n salutem_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o all_o christian_a people_n to_o who_o these_o present_a letter_n shall_v come_v david_n the_o son_n of_o lhewelin_n send_v greeting_n know_v you_o that_o i_o have_v grant_v and_o promise_v to_o deliver_v unto_o lord_n henry_n the_o noble_a king_n of_o england_n gruffith_n my_o brother_n with_o his_o son_n and_o heir_n who_o i_o keep_v in_o in_o prison_n and_o all_o other_o prisoner_n who_o by_o occasion_n of_o the_o say_v gruffith_n lie_v in_o durance_n item_n i_o shall_v stand_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n court_n as_o well_o in_o that_o case_n whether_o the_o say_v gruffith_n ought_v to_o be_v detain_v prisoner_n or_o no_o as_o also_o for_o and_o concern_v the_o part_n of_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o say_v lhewelin_n my_o father_n claim_v by_o the_o say_v gruffith_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o wales_n so_o that_o the_o peace_n be_v maintain_v between_o i_o and_o the_o
say_v gruffith_n item_n i_o and_o the_o say_v gruffith_n and_o either_o of_o we_o shall_v hold_v our_o portion_n of_o land_n of_o our_o say_a sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la acknowlege_v he_o chief_a lord_n thereof_o item_n i_o shall_v restore_v unto_o roger_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr alto_fw-mi steward_n of_o chester_n his_o land_n of_o montalt_n or_o mould_n with_o the_o appurtenance_n item_n i_o shall_v also_o restore_v to_o all_o other_o baron_n all_o such_o land_n lordship_n and_o castle_n as_o be_v take_v from_o they_o since_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o war_n between_o the_o lord_n john_n king_n of_o england_n and_o the_o say_v lhewelin_n prince_n of_o wales_n my_o father_n save_v the_o right_a of_o all_o covenant_n and_o grant_n by_o writing_n to_o be_v reserve_v unto_o the_o judgement_n and_o determination_n of_o the_o king_n court._n item_n i_o shall_v give_v and_o restore_v unto_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n all_o his_o charge_n in_o this_o present_a 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themselves_o together_o they_o so_o move_v david_n the_o lord_n of_o denbigh_n to_o be_v at_o unity_n with_o prince_n lhewelin_n and_o to_o take_v pity_n upon_o their_o affliction_n and_o misery_n that_o he_o be_v agree_v with_o his_o brother_n become_v their_o captain_n year_n 1281_o this_o reconciliation_n consist_v chief_o in_o this_o that_o david_n shall_v never_o after_o serve_v the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o he_o have_v do_v before_o but_o become_v his_o utter_a enemy_n who_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o hawarden_n and_o take_v roger_n clifford_n a_o noble_a knight_n slay_v all_o that_o resist_v servitude_n the_o welsh_a impatient_a of_o servitude_n and_o after_o spoil_v all_o the_o country_n he_o with_o his_o brother_n the_o prince_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o ruthlan_n the_o king_n hear_v of_o this_o haste_v thither_o with_o a_o great_a army_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n whereupon_o the_o prince_n retreat_v with_o his_o army_n 77._o seek_v to_o recover_v their_o liberty_n aberystwyth_n castle_n build_v by_o the_o king_n take_v godwin_n in_o canterbury_n fol._n 77._o also_o the_o same_o time_n rees_n the_o son_n of_o maelgon_n and_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n which_o other_o noble_a man_n of_o southwales_n tooâ—_n the_o castle_n of_o aberystwyth_n and_o divers_a other_o castle_n in_o the_o country_n spoil_v and_o plunder_v all_o the_o king_n people_n that_o inhabit_v thereabouts_o therefore_o the_o king_n send_v the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o confer_v with_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o brethren_n but_o he_o return_v without_o do_v any_o good_a so_o that_o he_o denounce_v a_o excommunication_n this_o archbishop_n name_n be_v jehn_n beckham_n who_o as_o b._n godwin_n say_v take_v great_a pain_n in_o labour_v a_o peace_n between_o k._n edw._n l._n and_o prince_n lhewelin_n of_o wales_n unto_o who_o he_o go_v in_o person_n and_o travail_v long_o with_o he_o but_o all_o in_o vain_a article_n send_v from_o the_o 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perhaps_o find_v any_o that_o will_v so_o tender_a the_o prefer_n of_o their_o cause_n as_o we_o will_v do_v if_o it_o please_v god_n with_o our_o mortal_a life_n we_o may_v procure_v they_o a_o honest_a stable_a and_o firm_a peace_n 6._o that_o if_o they_o do_v contemn_v our_o petition_n and_o labour_n we_o do_v intend_v forthwith_o to_o signify_v their_o stubbournesse_n to_o the_o high_a bishop_n and_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n for_o the_o enormity_n that_o many_o way_n happen_v by_o occasion_n of_o this_o discord_n this_o day_n 7._o let_v they_o know_v that_o unless_o they_o do_v quick_o agree_v to_o a_o peace_n that_o war_n shall_v be_v aggravate_v against_o they_o which_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o sustain_v for_o the_o king_n power_n increase_v daily_o 8._o let_v they_o understand_v that_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n be_v under_o the_o special_a protection_n of_o the_o see_v apostolic_a and_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n love_v it_o better_o than_o any_o other_o kingdom_n 9_o that_o the_o say_v see_v of_o rome_n will_v not_o in_o any_o wise_a see_v the_o state_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n quail_v be_v under_o a_o special_a protection_n 10._o that_o we_o much_o lament_v to_o hear_v that_o the_o welshman_n be_v more_o cruel_a than_o saracen_n for_o the_o saracen_n when_o they_o take_v christian_n they_o keep_v they_o to_o be_v redeem_v for_o money_n but_o they_o say_v that_o the_o welshman_n by_o and_o by_o do_v kill_v all_o they_o take_v and_o be_v only_o delight_v with_o blood_n and_o some_o time_n cause_n to_o be_v kill_v they_o who_o ransom_n they_o have_v receive_v 11._o that_o whereas_o they_o be_v ever_o wont_a to_o be_v esteem_v and_o to_o reverence_n god_n and_o ecclesiastical_a person_n they_o seem_v much_o to_o revolt_v from_o that_o devotion_n move_v sedition_n and_o war_n and_o commit_v slaughter_n and_o burn_v in_o the_o holy_a time_n which_o be_v a_o great_a injury_n to_o god_n wherein_o no_o man_n can_v excuse_v they_o 12._o we_o desire_v that_o as_o true_a christian_n they_o will_v repent_v for_o they_o can_v long_o continue_v their_o begin_a discord_n if_o they_o have_v swear_v it_o 13._o we_o will_v that_o they_o signify_v unto_o we_o how_o they_o will_v or_o can_v amend_v the_o trouble_n of_o the_o king_n peace_n and_o the_o hurt_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n 14._o that_o they_o signify_v unto_o we_o how_o peace_n and_o concord_n may_v be_v establish_v for_o in_o vain_a be_v it_o to_o form_n peace_n to_o be_v daily_o violate_v 15._o if_o they_o say_v that_o their_o law_n or_o covenant_n be_v not_o observe_v that_o they_o do_v signify_v unto_o we_o what_o those_o be_v 16._o that_o grant_v it_o that_o they_o be_v injure_v as_o they_o say_v which_o we_o in_o no_o way_n do_v know_v they_o which_o be_v judge_n in_o the_o cause_n may_v so_o have_v signify_v to_o the_o king_n majesty_n 17._o that_o unless_o they_o will_v now_o come_v to_o peace_n they_o shall_v be_v resist_v by_o decree_n and_o censure_n of_o the_o church_n the_o answer_n of_o prince_n lhewelyn_n to_o the_o above-written_a article_n to_o the_o most_o reverend_a father_n in_o christ_n the_o lord_n john_n by_o god_n grace_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n primate_n of_o all_o england_n his_o humble_a and_o devote_v son_n lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o lord_n of_o snowdon_n send_v greeting_n with_o all_o reverend_a submission_n and_o honour_n we_o yield_v our_o most_o humble_a and_o hearty_a thanks_o unto_o your_o fatherhood_n for_o the_o great_a and_o grievous_a pain_n which_o at_o this_o present_a for_o the_o love_n of_o we_o and_o our_o nation_n you_o have_v sustain_v and_o so_o much_o the_o more_o we_o be_v behold_v unto_o you_o for_o that_o beside_o the_o king_n pleasure_n you_o will_v venture_v to_o come_v to_o we_o in_o that_o you_o request_v we_o to_o come_v to_o the_o king_n peace_n we_o will_v have_v your_o holiness_n to_o know_v that_o we_o be_v most_o ready_a and_o willing_a to_o the_o same_o so_o that_o our_o 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the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v under_o the_o special_a protection_n of_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n and_o with_o special_a love_n regard_v by_o the_o same_o yet_o when_o the_o lord_n the_o pope_n with_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n shall_v understand_v of_o the_o great_a damage_n which_o be_v do_v unto_o we_o by_o the_o englishman_n to_o wit_n the_o article_n of_o the_o peace_n conclude_v and_o swear_v unto_o violate_v and_o break_v the_o rob_n and_o burn_v of_o church_n the_o murder_a of_o ecclesiastical_a person_n as_o well_o religious_a as_o secular_a the_o slaughter_n of_o woman_n great_a with_o child_n the_o child_n suck_v at_o their_o mother_n breast_n the_o destroy_n of_o hospital_n and_o house_n of_o religion_n kill_v the_o man_n and_o woman_n profess_v in_o the_o holy_a place_n and_o even_o before_o
his_o own_o hand_n shall_v hold_v and_o enjoy_v the_o same_o as_o free_o as_o they_o do_v before_o the_o time_n of_o the_o war_n and_o shall_v use_v the_o same_o liberty_n and_o custom_n which_o they_o use_v before_o contrary_a to_o this_o article_n the_o lord_n reginald_n grey_n have_v bring_v many_o new_a custom_n against_o the_o form_n of_o peace_n aforesaid_a 5._o all_o controversy_n move_v or_o to_o be_v move_v betwixt_o the_o prince_n and_o any_o other_o shall_v be_v decide_v after_o the_o law_n of_o the_o march_n if_o they_o have_v their_o beginning_n in_o the_o march_n and_o after_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n such_o as_o in_o wales_n have_v their_o beginning_n contrary_a to_o this_o article_n the_o king_n do_v and_o send_v justice_n to_o anglesey_n who_o presume_v to_o judge_v there_o the_o man_n and_o subject_n of_o the_o prince_n set_v fine_n upon_o they_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n see_v neither_o this_o nor_o any_o like_a be_v ever_o hear_v of_o in_o time_n 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article_n gold_n be_v exact_v for_o the_o queen_n work_n at_o every_o payment_n make_v to_o the_o king_n which_o gold_n be_v never_o demand_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n or_o any_o other_o king_n of_o england_n which_o gold_n yet_o for_o quietness_n sake_n the_o prince_n pay_v though_o it_o be_v not_o speak_v of_o or_o mention_v in_o the_o peace_n and_o now_o further_o it_o be_v exact_v for_o the_o old_a queen_n the_o king_n mother_n that_o now_o be_v for_o the_o peace_n conclude_v with_o king_n henry_n 2000_o mark_n and_o a_o half_a and_o unless_o it_o be_v pay_v the_o king_n threaten_v to_o occupy_v the_o good_n and_o land_n of_o lhewelyn_n and_o his_o people_n which_o he_o can_v find_v in_o his_o realm_n and_o sell_v man_n and_o beast_n till_o the_o sum_n be_v pay_v 8._o when_o the_o king_n invite_v the_o prince_n at_o his_o feast_n at_o worcester_n promise_v with_o very_o fair_a word_n that_o he_o will_v give_v his_o kinswoman_n to_o he_o for_o wife_n and_o enrich_v he_o 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people_n for_o county_n nor_o for_o gain_n do_v move_v war_n invade_v not_o man_n land_n but_o defend_v their_o own_o land_n law_n and_o liberty_n and_o that_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n of_o inveterated_a hatred_n and_o for_o covetuousnesse_n to_o get_v our_o land_n invade_v the_o same_o move_v war_n we_o therefore_o see_v our_o defence_n be_v just_a and_o lawful_a and_o herein_o we_o trust_v god_n will_v help_v we_o and_o will_v turn_v his_o revenge_n upon_o destroyer_n of_o church_n who_o have_v root_v up_o and_o burn_v church_n and_o take_v out_o both_o all_o sacrament_n and_o sacred_a thing_n from_o they_o kill_v priest_n clerk_n religious_a lame_a dumb_a deaf_a youngling_n suckling_n at_o their_o mother_n pap_n weak_a and_o impotent_a both_o man_n and_o woman_n and_o commit_v all_o other_o enormity_n as_o partly_o it_o appear_v to_o your_o holiness_n wherefore_o god_n forbid_v that_o your_o holiness_n shall_v fulminate_v sentence_n against_o any_o but_o such_o as_o have_v 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in_o you_o we_o pray_v you_o holy_a father_n to_o labour_v to_o this_o end_n if_o they_o lie_v to_o we_o that_o we_o break_v the_o peace_n it_o appear_v evident_o that_o they_o and_o not_o we_o break_v the_o same_o who_o never_o keep_v promise_n nor_o covenant_n nor_o order_n make_v any_o amends_o for_o trespass_n nor_o remedy_n for_o our_o complaint_n when_o the_o archbishop_n can_v not_o conclude_v a_o peace_n he_o denounce_v the_o prince_n and_o his_o complice_n accurse_v then_o the_o king_n send_v his_o army_n by_o sea_n to_o the_o isle_n of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n which_o they_o win_v and_o slay_v such_o as_o resist_v they_o for_o the_o chief_a man_n serve_v the_o king_n as_o their_o oath_n be_v so_o they_o come_v over_o against_o bangor_n where_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n call_v mênath_n enemy_n spaniard_n scot_n and_o gescoynes_n german_n norman_n and_o english_a all_o concur_v against_o the_o welsh_a quantae_fw-la molis_fw-la erat_fw-la britannam_n perdere_fw-la gentem_fw-la 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fierce_o and_o either_o slay_v or_o chase_v they_o to_o the_o sea_n to_o drown_v themselves_o for_o the_o water_n be_v so_o high_a that_o they_o can_v not_o attain_v the_o bridge_n save_v william_n latimer_n alone_a who_o horse_n carry_v he_o to_o the_o bridge_n and_o so_o he_o escape_v there_o be_v slay_v and_o drown_v at_o this_o time_n many_o worthy_a soldier_n and_o among_o other_o that_o famous_a knight_n sr._n lucas_n thany_n robert_n clifford_n sr._n william_n lindsey_n and_o two_o gentleman_n of_o good_a account_n that_o be_v brethren_n to_o robert_n burnel_n then_o bishop_n of_o bath_n there_o perish_v in_o all_o thirteen_o knight_n welsh_a haul_v p._n 791._o tho._n walsh_n p._n 11._o chro._n dunst_n the_o k._n of_o eng._n hard_o put_v to_o it_o by_o the_o valiant_a welsh_a 17._o young_a gentleman_n and_o to_o the_o number_n of_o 200_o footman_n which_o happen_v upon_o st._n leonard_n day_n thomas_n walsingham_n write_v that_o the_o king_n lose_v in_o this_o voyage_n a_o 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come_v to_o buelht_n think_v to_o remain_v their_o quiet_o for_o a_o while_n and_o by_o chance_n as_o he_o come_v by_o the_o water_n why_o there_o be_v edmund_n mortimer_n and_o john_n gifford_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o soldier_n and_o either_o party_n be_v abash_v of_o other_o edmund_z mortimer_n man_n be_v of_o that_o country_n for_o his_o father_n be_v lord_n thereof_o then_o the_o prince_n depart_v from_o his_o man_n and_o go_v to_o the_o valley_n with_o his_o esquire_n alone_o to_o talk_v with_o certain_a lord_n of_o the_o country_n who_o have_v promise_v to_o meet_v he_o there_o then_o some_o of_o his_o man_n see_v the_o enemy_n come_v down_o from_o the_o hill_n keep_v the_o bridge_n call_v pont_n orewyn_n and_o defend_v the_o passage_n manful_o till_o one_o declare_v to_o the_o englishman_n where_o a_o ford_n be_v a_o little_a below_o through_o the_o which_o they_o send_v a_o number_n of_o their_o man_n with_o helias_n walwyn_n who_o sudden_o fall_v upon_o they_o that_o 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howell_n sais_n lord_n of_o st._n clere_n y_o much_o esq_n llewellin_n ap_fw-mi ivor_n lord_n of_o s._n clere_n esq_n lleykye_n d_o to_o griffith_n ap_fw-mi eli_n lord_n of_o gilfeild_n in_o powis_n ivor_n ap_fw-mi llewellin_n lord_n of_o s._n clere_n esq_n nest_n daughter_n to_o cadwgan_n and_o great_a grandchild_n to_o elistan_n pr._n of_o ferlix_fw-la llewellin_n ap_fw-mi ivor_n lord_n of_o s._n clere_n and_o tredegar_n esq_n augharand_n daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o sir_n morgan_n meredith_n knight_n lord_n of_o tredegar_n morgan_z ap_fw-mi llewellin_n lord_n of_o tredegar_n esq_n maud_n daughter_n to_o rhun_n ap_fw-mi grono_n ap_fw-mi llwarch_n lord_n of_o kybor_n esq_n llewellin_n morgan_n of_o tredegar_n esq_n jonet_n daughter_n to_o dd._n ychan_n of_o rydodyn_n esq_n evan_n morgan_n of_o tredegar_n esq_n denis_n daughter_n to_o tho_n ap_fw-mi howell_n ychan_n esq_n sir_n john_n morgan_n of_o tredegar_n kt._n jonet_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o john_n matthewes_n of_o landaff_n esq_n thomas_n morgan_n of_o machen_n esq_n his_o brother_n sir_n john_n die_v sans_o issue_n rowland_n morgan_n of_o manghan_n esq_n thomas_n morgan_n of_o maughan_n and_o tredegar_n esq_n sir_n william_n morgan_n of_o tredegar_n knight_n daughter_n to_o wintour_n kt._n com._n glonc._n thomas_z morgan_z of_o maughan_n and_o tredegar_n esq_n now_o live_v 1661._o daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o windham_n com_n summer_n william_n morgan_n esq_n heir_n apparent_a i_o have_v see_v a_o pedigree_n of_o this_o noble_a family_n deduce_v even_o from_o brute_n but_o because_o i_o affect_v brevity_n i_o have_v only_o select_v what_o serve_v for_o my_o purpose_n give_v you_o to_o understand_v that_o all_o morgan_n or_o of_o what_o name_n else_o soever_o who_o either_o bear_n for_o their_o arm_n argent_fw-fr a_o lion_n rampant_a gardant_a sable_a or_o else_o or_o a_o griffon_n sergreant_n sable_a for_o their_o paternal_a coat_n must_v acknowledge_v themselves_o to_o descend_v from_o this_o ancient_a family_n the_o four_o book_n of_o the_o ancient_n and_o modern_a british_a and_o welsh_a history_n the_o prince_n of_o wales_n of_o the_o blood_n royal_a of_o england_n collect_v for_o the_o most_o part_n out_o of_o the_o record_n of_o the_o tower_n edward_n of_o caernarvon_n king_n edward_n albeit_o he_o have_v bring_v all_o wales_n under_o his_o subjection_n and_o by_o a_o statute_n make_v at_o ruthland_n an._n 12._o edw._n i._o incorporate_v and_o unite_v the_o same_o to_o england_n in_o the_o which_o statute_n there_o be_v many_o good_a law_n concern_v the_o division_n of_o wales_n into_o county_n and_o concern_v divers_a office_n and_o officer_n and_o concern_v trial_n and_o the_o division_n of_o action_n and_o the_o the_o form_n of_o many_o writ_n and_o the_o proceed_n therein_o much_o like_o to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n yet_o he_o can_v never_o win_v the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o common_a people_n of_o the_o country_n to_o accept_v he_o for_o their_o prince_n except_o he_o 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who_o be_v create_v baron_n of_o denbigh_n it_o be_v account_v one_o of_o the_o great_a and_o best_a lordship_n of_o england_n this_o town_n be_v well_o seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n istrad_n which_o from_o thence_o run_v into_o the_o cluyd_v the_o fair_a river_n of_o this_o country_n a_o town_n well_o people_v and_o inhabit_v especial_o since_o it_o become_v the_o head_n of_o the_o country_n which_o be_v not_o till_o the_o 27._o of_o hen._n 8._o what_o time_n the_o 5._o new_a shire_n be_v add_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o wales_n of_o which_o this_o be_v one_o but_o before_o that_o it_o be_v the_o head_n town_n of_o the_o barony_n of_o denbigh_n be_v conceive_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o goodly_a territory_n of_o all_o england_n as_o have_v more_o gentleman_n hold_v thereof_o in_o fee_n and_o by_o service_n then_o any_o other_o
do_v take_v out_o of_o the_o several_a profit_n of_o those_o year_n and_o do_v cast_v they_o all_o into_o one_o sum_n which_o they_o again_o divide_v into_o three_o several_a part_n equal_o esteem_v one_o of_o the_o say_v three_o part_n to_o be_v the_o just_a yearly_a value_n of_o the_o say_a revenue_n communibus_fw-la annis_fw-la that_o be_v one_o year_n with_o a_o other_o and_o in_o this_o account_n we_o find_v no_o other_o charge_n allow_v then_o the_o justics_n fee_n only_o this_o survey_n and_o account_v make_v about_o 200_o year_n past_a be_v here_o insert_v to_o the_o end_n it_o may_v appear_v what_o the_o revenue_n of_o this_o principality_n alone_o be_v the_o say_a prince_n of_o wales_n surname_v the_o black_a prince_n 315._o mr._n mill_n fol._n 315._o after_o many_o fortunate_a victory_n achieve_v by_o he_o have_v subdue_v a_o great_a part_n of_o france_n and_o have_v take_v john_n the_o french_a king_n prisoner_n at_o poyteer_n in_o france_n and_o after_o that_o also_o have_v vanquish_v henry_n at_o naveroit_fw-fr in_o spain_n and_o restore_v peter_n king_n of_o arragon_n dye_v in_o june_n 15._o sr._n john_n dodridge_n fol._n 15._o leave_v behind_o he_o richard_n his_o son_n and_o heir_n bear_v at_o bordeaux_n and_o thereof_o surname_v richard_n of_o bordeaux_n richard_z of_o bordeaux_n richard_n son_n of_o edward_n prince_n of_o wales_n be_v after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n create_v prince_n of_o wales_n at_o havering_n at_o bower_n the_o 20._o day_n of_o november_n in_o the_o 50._o year_n of_o king_n edw._n iii_o his_o grandfather_n he_o be_v after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o say_a grandfather_n k._n of_o england_n by_o the_o name_n of_o k._n rich._n ii_o this_o richard_n say_v judge_n dodridge_n surname_v of_o bordeaux_n son_n and_o heir_n of_o edward_n the_o black_a prince_n be_v create_v prince_n of_o wales_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la be_v about_o the_o age_n of_o xi_o year_n and_o upon_o christmas_n day_n next_o follow_v the_o say_a king_n edward_n the_o three_o cause_v the_o say_a prince_n be_v his_o nephew_n or_o grandchild_n to_o sit_v at_o the_o table_n in_o high_a estate_n above_o all_o his_o uncle_n be_v the_o king_n son_n as_o represent_v the_o personage_n of_o the_o heir_n apparent_a to_o the_o crown_n and_o give_v to_o he_o the_o two_o part_n of_o all_o the_o say_a principality_n county_n lordship_n castle_n and_o the_o most_o of_o the_o say_a land_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o say_v black_a prince_n and_o the_o reversion_n of_o the_o three_o part_n thereof_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o three_o part_n there_o of_o then_o be_v to_o the_o mother_n of_o the_o say_v rich._n to_o her_o dowry_n with_o a_o 113_o l._n 6_o s._n 8_o d._n yearly_a rent_n payable_a by_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n as_o a_o fee_n farm_n for_o the_o lordship_n and_o land_n of_o buelht_n and_o 85._o mark_n for_o the_o fee_n farm_n of_o the_o castle_n lordship_n and_o land_n of_o montgomery_n with_o the_o vacation_n of_o bishopric_n except_v the_o fee_n of_o the_o baron_n marcher_n of_o wales_n who_o do_v always_o hold_v of_o the_o crown_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o except_v the_o avoidance_n of_o the_o bishopric_n of_o st._n david_n in_o wales_n which_o ancient_o also_o belong_v to_o the_o crown_n with_o the_o like_a limitation_n to_o the_o estate_n viz._n to_o the_o say_v richard_n and_o his_o heir_n king_n of_o england_n it_o seem_v that_o these_o lordship_n of_o buelht_n and_o montgomery_n be_v former_o grant_v to_o edw._n the_o black_a prince_n be_v before_o this_o time_n give_v away_o in_o fee_n farm_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v k._n edw._n iii_o which_o be_v in_o the_o 51_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n descend_v to_o the_o say_v richard_n be_v his_o grandchild_n and_o he_o be_v crown_v king_n thereof_o by_o the_o name_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o and_o in_o the_o 23_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o resign_v his_o kingdom_n or_o to_o speak_v more_o true_o be_v depose_v against_o his_o will_n and_o after_o by_o a_o violent_a death_n depart_v this_o life_n without_o issue_n henry_n of_o monmoth_n henry_n of_o bullingbrock_n a_o town_n or_o castle_n in_o lincolnshire_n and_o heretofore_o belong_v to_o the_o lacy_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n and_o by_o the_o marriage_n with_o alice_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o henry_n lacie_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n to_o thomas_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n this_o with_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o land_n of_o lincoln_n become_v unite_v and_o incorporate_v with_o those_o of_o lancaster_n it_o have_v be_v almost_o ever_o since_o this_o time_n one_o of_o the_o honour_n as_o we_o call_v they_o of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n but_o never_o make_v any_o honorary_a title_n unto_o any_o family_n until_o king_n james_n confer_v it_o on_o sr._n oliver_n saint_n john_n who_o possible_o may_v affect_v to_o be_v thence_o denominate_v as_o fetch_v his_o descent_n from_o the_o lady_n margaret_n beauchamp_n grandmother_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o lancastrian_n family_n by_o which_o descent_n likewise_o as_o well_o as_o otherways_o he_o be_v descend_v of_o the_o welsh_a blood_n and_o bear_v for_o his_o arm_n argent_fw-fr on_o a_o chief_a gules_a two_o mullet_n or_n but_o to_o our_o former_a matter_n this_o henry_n of_o bullingbrock_n by_o the_o name_n of_o henry_n iu._n who_o be_v former_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n and_o hereford_n earl_n of_o derbie_n leicester_n and_o lincoln_n son_n and_o heir_n of_o john_n of_o gaunt_n the_o four_o son_n to_o k._n edward_n the_o three_o by_o his_o charter_n date_v at_o westminster_n 15._o octob._n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n create_v henry_n his_o elder_a son_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o invest_v he_o in_o the_o say_v princely_a ornament_n viz._n the_o chaplet_n gold_n ring_n verge_n or_o rod_n of_o gold_n to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v unto_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n king_n of_o england_n and_o by_o another_o charter_n of_o the_o same_o date_n give_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n king_n of_o england_n the_o say_a principality_n with_o the_o lordship_n 17._o sr._n john_n dodridge_n fol._n 17._o castle_n and_o land_n before_o mention_v in_o the_o charter_n make_v to_o the_o black_a prince_n together_o with_o four_o comot_n in_o the_o county_n of_o caernarvon_n viz._n the_o comot_n of_o ifaph_n vghaph_n nantconwey_n and_o crewthin_n not_o name_v before_o and_o the_o reversion_n of_o the_o lordship_n of_o haverford_n with_o the_o price_n of_o wine_n there_o and_o of_o the_o lordship_n of_o newin_n and_o pughby_n in_o north-wales_n which_o thomas_n percy_n then_o earl_n of_o worcester_n hold_v for_o term_n of_o life_n of_o the_o demise_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o together_o also_o with_o the_o reversion_n of_o the_o county_n and_o lordship_n of_o anglesey_n in_o north-wales_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o beaumarish_n and_o the_o comot_n land_n tenement_n and_o hereditament_n belong_v thereunto_o which_o henry_n percy_n son_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o northumberland_n then_o hold_v for_o term_n of_o his_o life_n of_o the_o demise_n of_o the_o say_v k._n hen._n iu._n and_o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o k._n h._n iu._n whereby_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n be_v sever_v from_o the_o crown_n of_o engl._n the_o stile_n of_o the_o say_v p._n be_v declare_v to_o be_v this_o p._n of_o wales_n d._n of_o aquitane_n of_o lancaster_n &_o of_o cornwall_n &_o e._n of_o chester_n for_o the_o say_v k._n h._n iu._n have_v be_v himself_o d._n of_o lancaster_n before_o his_o assumption_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o know_v that_o the_o name_n of_o duke_n be_v a_o inferior_a dignity_n will_v extinguish_v and_o be_v surround_v in_o the_o crown_n as_o in_o the_o superior_a desire_v as_o by_o that_o act_n of_o parliament_n appear_v not_o only_o to_o separate_v the_o say_a duchy_n of_o lancaster_n and_o the_o land_n thereof_o from_o the_o crown_n to_o the_o intent_n he_o may_v still_o hold_v the_o say_a duchy_n as_o his_o ancient_a patrimony_n if_o he_o be_v put_v from_o the_o crown_n it_o be_v but_o his_o new_a acquire_v dignity_n but_o also_o to_o preserve_v the_o say_a stile_n 385._o mr._n lhoyd_n fol._n 385._o title_n and_o name_n of_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n in_o his_o posterity_n which_o as_o the_o say_a act_n affirm_v his_o ancestor_n have_v so_o worthy_o bear_v and_o sustain_v in_o the_o time_n of_o k._n rich._n ii_o there_o be_v one_o owen_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n vachan_n descend_v of_o a_o young_a son_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n this_o owen_n be_v first_o a_o student_n at_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o become_v a_o utter_a barrister_n or_o a_o apprentice_n of_o the_o law_n as_o they_o term_v it_o and_o serve_v king_n richard_n in_o