time_n have_v be_v adjudge_v direct_o contrary_a to_o each_o other_o but_o notwithstanding_o the_o law_n be_v still_o the_o same_o my_o answer_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v first_o to_o the_o maxim_n of_o law_n wherein_o it_o be_v say_v that_o whatsoever_o be_v not_o oust_v or_o take_v away_o by_o any_o statute_n remain_v still_o wherein_o the_o word_n oust_v must_v needs_o be_v understand_v disjunctive_o or_o conjunctive_o if_o disjunctive_o than_o the_o word_n not_o oust_v must_v be_v understand_v of_o some_o other_o way_n than_o by_o statute_n and_o than_o it_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v not_o alter_v and_o so_o imply_v a_o common_a practice_n of_o the_o law_n in_o such_o case_n contrary_a to_o what_o it_o be_v former_o if_o it_o be_v understand_v conjunctive_o than_o the_o word_n must_v needs_o bear_v this_o sense_n that_o the_o law_n be_v the_o same_o still_o in_o all_o point_n as_o it_o be_v before_o except_o where_o take_v away_o by_o statute_n and_o thus_o understand_v i_o shall_v produce_v you_o cook_n against_o cook_n in_o his_o book_n upon_o littleton_n fol._n 34._o §_o 39_o his_o word_n be_v these_o in_o ancient_a time_n it_o appear_v by_o glanvil_n l._n 6._o c._n 1._o it_o be_v take_v that_o be_v the_o law_n be_v take_v that_o a_o man_n can_v not_o have_v endow_v his_o wife_n ad_fw-la ostium_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la of_o more_o than_o a_o three_o part_n but_o of_o less_o he_o may_v but_o at_o this_o day_n the_o law_n be_v take_v as_o littleton_n there_o hold_v which_o be_v that_o a_o man_n may_v endow_v his_o wise_a ad_fw-la ostium_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la of_o his_o whole_a land_n or_o of_o the_o half_a or_o other_o less_o part_n so_o that_o here_o we_o see_v the_o law_n in_o this_o case_n be_v alter_v and_o without_o any_o statute_n ergo_fw-la the_o law_n be_v alter_v without_o any_o statute_n also_o ibid._n fol._n 8._o a._n towards_o the_o bottom_n of_o ancient_a time_n the_o heir_n be_v permit_v to_o have_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n upon_o a_o bond_n make_v to_o his_o ancestor_n and_o his_o heir_n but_o the_o law_n be_v not_o so_o at_o this_o day_n but_o herein_o be_v no_o statute_n make_v to_o take_v it_o off_o ergo_fw-la the_o law_n in_o that_o case_n be_v alter_v without_o any_o statute_n and_o so_o in_o many_o other_o particular_n which_o may_v be_v here_o cite_v wherefore_o methinks_v it_o be_v the_o better_a exposition_n of_o that_o maxim_n that_o the_o word_n be_v understand_v disjunctive_o and_o so_o it_o thwart_v not_o with_o that_o which_o the_o lord_n cook_n say_v in_o these_o other_o place_n and_o the_o word_n or_o be_v mere_o a_o disjunctive_a your_o second_o reply_n p._n 31_o 32._o but_o you_o go_v on_o and_o say_v you_o will_v come_v as_o near_o i_o as_o you_o can_v and_o you_o acknowledge_v that_o though_o the_o common_a law_n be_v ever_o the_o same_o where_o not_o alter_v by_o parliament_n yet_o in_o former_a age_n they_o do_v in_o some_o particular_n take_v the_o law_n to_o be_v atherwise_o than_o they_o now_o do_v and_o if_o i_o can_v prove_v that_o they_o do_v so_o in_o case_n of_o free-marriage_n it_o will_v take_v off_o your_o argument_n because_o the_o ancient_a deed_n and_o grant_n be_v to_o be_v expound_v as_o the_o law_n be_v take_v to_o be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o grant_n as_o cook_n upon_o littleton_n say_v fol._n 8._o b._n for_o say_v you_o that_o if_o it_o have_v be_v take_v in_o former_a age_n that_o land_n may_v have_v be_v give_v in_o free-marriage_n with_o a_o bastard_n or_o one_o not_o of_o the_o blood_n it_o will_v have_v certain_o be_v observe_v by_o some_o of_o the_o sage_n of_o the_o law_n my_o answer_n to_o your_o second_o reply_n i_o pray_v you_o if_o in_o former_a age_n the_o law_n be_v take_v otherwise_o in_o some_o particular_n than_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v take_v which_o have_v now_o join_v to_o strengthen_v it_o the_o common_a practice_n of_o the_o nation_n which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o common_a law_n at_o this_o day_n for_o many_o age_n together_o without_o any_o contradiction_n what_o rational_a man_n can_v deny_v but_o the_o law_n in_o such_o particular_n be_v clear_o alter_v for_o in_o those_o case_n i_o speak_v not_o of_o any_o alter_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n i_o will_v ask_v you_o whether_o the_o law_n be_v now_o alter_v or_o no_o if_o it_o be_v alter_v than_o you_o be_v in_o a_o error_n to_o say_v the_o law_n remain_v the_o same_o and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o alter_v than_o the_o former_a law_n be_v still_o our_o common_a law_n and_o not_o the_o common_a law_n as_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v take_v which_o be_v use_v otherwise_o at_o this_o day_n than_o former_o then_o our_o common_a law_n in_o the_o particular_a case_n mention_v and_o at_o this_o day_n use_v otherwise_o than_o former_o be_v no_o common_a law_n of_o england_n because_o say_v you_o the_o common_a law_n can_v be_v alter_v without_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o remain_v still_o the_o same_o and_o so_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n in_o all_o these_o case_n at_o this_o day_n do_v not_o judge_v aright_o according_a to_o our_o common_a law_n i_o pray_v you_o see_v what_o absurdity_n follow_v hereupon_o and_o as_o to_o prove_v of_o land_n to_o have_v pass_v in_o free-marriage_n with_o a_o bastard_n in_o the_o age_n of_o amicia_n i_o have_v already_o give_v you_o a_o precedent_n for_o it_o and_o the_o land_n do_v pass_n according_o and_o shall_v make_v it_o good_a when_o i_o come_v unto_o it_o in_o its_o proper_a place_n that_o geva_n be_v certain_o a_o bastard_n by_z as_o good_a proof_n as_o possible_o can_v be_v expect_v in_o such_o a_o case_n but_o more_o of_o this_o when_o i_o come_v to_o geva_n your_o three_o reply_n pag._n 33._o in_o the_o next_o place_n you_o have_v a_o long_a harangue_n from_o p._n 33_o to_o p._n 41._o wherein_o you_o endeavour_v to_o restrain_v the_o word_n of_o glanvil_n which_o be_v these_o quilibet_fw-la libre_fw-la homo_fw-la quandam_fw-la partem_fw-la terrae_fw-la suae_fw-la cum_fw-la filia_fw-la sva_fw-la vel_fw-la cum_fw-la aliqua_fw-la alia_fw-la qualibet_fw-la muliere_fw-la dare_v potest_fw-la in_o maritagium_fw-la and_o first_o you_o begin_v to_o prove_v it_o by_o scripture_n deut._n 14._o where_o a_o liberty_n be_v give_v to_o the_o jew_n to_o eat_v whatsoever_o their_o soul_n desire_v and_o yet_o this_o must_v be_v understand_v of_o such_o meat_n as_o be_v legal_o clean_a and_o allow_v they_o by_o the_o law_n my_o answer_n to_o your_o three_o reply_n i_o have_v seldom_o know_v nor_o i_o believe_v any_o other_o any_o such_o question_n as_o this_o whether_o hugh_n cyveliok_v have_v a_o former_a wife_n to_o be_v prove_v by_o argument_n of_o scripture_n or_o nicety_n of_o law_n which_o be_v mere_o a_o question_n of_o history_n for_o the_o text_n urge_v by_o you_o deut._n 14.26_o i_o find_v no_o such_o general_a latitude_n which_o need_v any_o exposition_n as_o you_o mention_v the_o word_n be_v thou_o shall_v bestow_v that_o money_n for_o whatsoever_o thy_o soul_n lu_v after_o for_o ox_n or_o for_o sheep_n or_o for_o wine_n or_o for_o strong_a drink_n or_o for_o whatsoever_o thy_o soul_n desire_v the_o text_n be_v clear_o restringent_a to_o those_o thing_n here_o mention_v which_o they_o be_v allow_v to_o eat_v and_o drink_v according_a to_o their_o law_n what_o be_v this_o to_o the_o point_n in_o hand_n ergo_fw-la glanvil_n word_n cum_fw-la aliqua_fw-la alia_fw-la qualibet_fw-la muliere_fw-la must_v be_v understand_v to_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n where_o he_o live_v that_o be_v as_o you_o will_v have_v it_o to_o any_o except_o a_o bastard_n or_o a_o woman_n not_o of_o the_o donors_n blood_n but_o how_o do_v that_o appear_v to_o be_v the_o law_n in_o glanvil_n time_n or_o upward_o he_o be_v the_o first_o who_o reduce_v our_o law_n into_o writing_n omnium_fw-la primus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d reddere_fw-la aggressus_fw-la est_fw-la say_v spelm._n in_o his_o gloss_n p._n 333._o and_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o observe_v how_o lame_a and_o imperfect_a our_o law_n be_v in_o those_o time_n towards_o what_o it_o be_v in_o littleton_n time_n and_o especial_o compare_v with_o these_o last_o age_n but_o in_o short_a your_o exposition_n all_o along_o to_o pag._n 41._o by_o bracton_n or_o fleta_n or_o other_o or_o make_v glanvil_n to_o fight_v with_o himself_o unless_o glanvil_n word_n be_v interpret_v as_o you_o will_v have_v they_o i_o leave_v to_o wise_a man_n to_o judge_v who_o will_v take_v pain_n to_o scan_v they_o whether_o they_o be_v pertinent_a for_o that_o wherein_o you_o say_v glanvil_n contradict_v himself_o because_o he_o say_v that_o none_o can_v give_v land_n in_o remunerationem_fw-la servitii_fw-la svi_fw-la to_o hold_v good_a after_o the_o
death_n of_o the_o donour_n what_o be_v this_o to_o the_o point_n why_o a_o man_n can_v give_v his_o land_n to_o any_o in_o libero_fw-la maritagio_fw-la or_o that_o it_o be_v not_o usual_a in_o those_o day_n to_o pass_v land_n in_o free_a marriage_n with_o a_o bastard_n call_v her_o only_a his_o daughter_n without_o the_o addition_n of_o bastard_n and_o thereby_o own_v she_o to_o be_v of_o his_o blood_n and_o kindred_n the_o sum_n be_v this_o the_o lawyer_n of_o latter_a age_n do_v expound_v the_o law_n that_o land_n can_v pass_v in_o free_a marriage_n with_o bastard_n ergo_fw-la it_o be_v so_o take_v in_o glanvil_n time_n and_o his_o word_n must_v be_v so_o understand_v though_o he_o say_v no_o such_o thing_n this_o be_v a_o great_a non_fw-la sequitur_fw-la and_o yet_o our_o lawyer_n say_v now_o bastard_n be_v capable_a of_o receive_v land_n after_o they_o have_v gain_v a_o name_n by_o reputation_n which_o amicia_n have_v gain_v as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o deed_n where_o she_o be_v call_v and_o own_v by_o the_o earl_n for_o his_o daughter_n but_o you_o tell_v i_o in_o the_o close_a pag._n 41._o that_o the_o common_a law_n have_v always_o be_v the_o same_o because_o cook_n on_o littleton_n say_v that_o the_o common_a law_n have_v no_o controller_n but_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o i_o have_v tell_v you_o must_v be_v understand_v whilst_o it_o remain_v the_o common_a law_n which_o yet_o may_v alter_v and_o have_v alter_v in_o sundry_a particular_n without_o any_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o i_o have_v before_o prove_v but_o here_o i_o must_v turn_v you_o back_o to_o p._n 12_o &_o 13._o where_o this_o have_v be_v sufficient_o answer_v before_o pag._n 42._o your_o four_o reply_n you_o say_v there_o be_v not_o any_o weight_n in_o what_o i_o say_v viz._n that_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o in_o those_o elder_a age_n bastard_n be_v repute_v of_o the_o blood_n by_o the_o frequent_a appellation_n of_o they_o by_o the_o name_n of_o uncle_n brother_n daughter_n cousin_n etc._n etc._n for_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n i_o shall_v repute_v they_o of_o the_o blood_n now_o this_o age_n be_v as_o civil_a to_o they_o in_o their_o expression_n as_o any_o age_n can_v possible_o be_v my_o answer_n but_o where_o do_v you_o find_v almost_o in_o any_o deed_n of_o these_o last_o age_n where_o such_o be_v not_o now_o call_v bastard-son_n bastard-daughter_n bastard-brother_n etc._n etc._n in_o all_o settlement_n and_o conveyance_n of_o annuity_n or_o portion_n which_o in_o the_o very_a ancient_a age_n be_v never_o use_v nay_o what_o say_v you_o if_o i_o affirm_v they_o be_v of_o the_o blood_n both_o now_o and_o in_o former_a age_n though_o the_o law_n will_v not_o allow_v they_o so_o because_o they_o now_o be_v esteem_v in_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o law_n quasi_fw-la nullius_fw-la filius_fw-la for_o if_o a._n have_v a_o bastard_n son_n or_o daughter_n which_o be_v real_o he_o they_o must_v needs_o be_v of_o his_o blood_n for_o no_o law_n can_v extinguish_v nature_n though_o by_o the_o common_a law_n they_o be_v not_o now_o esteem_v so_o and_o what_o if_o i_o say_v that_o the_o reason_n why_o in_o the_o deed_n of_o those_o elder_a age_n they_o be_v call_v daughter_n without_o any_o addition_n of_o bastard_n whereby_o the_o party_n own_v they_o to_o be_v of_o their_o kindred_n and_o blood_n be_v that_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o land_n pass_v in_o libero_fw-la maritagio_fw-la with_o such_o may_v descend_v to_o their_o heir_n for_o our_o lawyer_n now_o tell_v we_o that_o bastard_n be_v capable_a of_o receive_v land_n after_o they_o have_v gain_v a_o name_n by_o reputation_n why_o may_v not_o then_o bastard_n have_v gain_v the_o name_n of_o daughter_n receive_v a_o grant_n from_o their_o own_a father_n either_o in_o frankmarriage_n or_o otherwise_o and_o now_o you_o come_v to_o geva_n and_o my_o precedent_n pag._n 43._o for_o the_o precedent_n i_o have_v give_v wherein_o i_o say_v land_n be_v give_v in_o libero_fw-la maritagio_fw-la you_o conceive_v it_o will_v not_o hold_v 1._o because_o it_o do_v not_o certain_o appear_v that_o geva_n be_v a_o bastard_n for_o in_o all_o the_o record_n that_o i_o cite_v she_o be_v call_v earl_n hugh_n be_v daughter_n and_o in_o one_o of_o they_o she_o call_v randle_n earl_n of_o chester_n her_o cousin_n which_o make_v it_o probable_a that_o she_o be_v legitimate_a especial_o since_o you_o do_v not_o find_v by_o any_o deed_n record_n or_o author_n whatsoever_o that_o she_o be_v at_o any_o time_n call_v a_o bastard_n my_o answer_n to_o the_o first_o reason_n though_o we_o find_v she_o not_o call_v bastard_n in_o express_a term_n yet_o we_o find_v it_o imply_v in_o a_o author_n contemporary_a by_o certain_a and_o sure_a consequence_n which_o i_o believe_v can_v never_o be_v full_o answer_v second_o these_o word_n of_o ordericus_n p._n 787._o richardus_fw-la pulcherrimus_fw-la pver_fw-la quem_fw-la solum_fw-la ex_fw-la ermentrude_v filia_fw-la hugonis_fw-la de_fw-la claro_fw-la monte_fw-fr genuit_fw-la consulatum_fw-la tenuit_fw-la etc._n etc._n by_o which_o word_n you_o be_v not_o satisfy_v but_o he_o may_v as_o well_o mean_a that_o richard_n be_v the_o only_a son_n as_o well_o as_o the_o only_a child_n beget_v on_o ermentrude_v for_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n to_o take_v the_o word_n solum_fw-la adverbial_o neither_o be_v it_o mark_v as_o a_o adverb_n in_o ordericus_n his_o book_n though_o it_o be_v so_o in_o i_o and_o though_o he_o tell_v we_o p._n 522._o that_o e_o pellicibus_fw-la plurimam_fw-la sobolem_fw-la utriusque_fw-la sexus_fw-la genuit_fw-la yet_o be_v say_v not_o that_o geva_n be_v one_o of_o they_o my_o answer_n to_o the_o second_o reason_n but_o you_o will_v not_o perhaps_o be_v satisfy_v of_o his_o meaning_n for_o he_o say_v not_o quem_fw-la solum_fw-la filium_fw-la as_o you_o interpret_v he_o but_o indefinite_o quem_fw-la solum_fw-la ex_fw-la ermentrude_v genuit_fw-la so_o that_o whether_o solum_fw-la be_v understand_v adverbial_o which_o certain_o to_o most_o man_n will_v here_o seem_v more_o proper_a or_o whether_o you_o take_v it_o for_o a_o noun_n you_o can_v make_v no_o more_o of_o it_o in_o english_a than_o thus_o richard_n a_o beautiful_a youth_n who_o only_a earl_n hugh_n beget_v on_o exmentrude_v etc._n etc._n for_o whether_o we_o english_z it_o who_o only_o he_o beget_v or_o who_o he_o only_o beget_v it_o retain_v the_o same_o sense_n for_o if_o any_o other_o person_n either_o son_n or_o daughter_n be_v beget_v on_o ermentrude_v by_o earl_n hugh_n then_o can_v it_o not_o be_v say_v that_o richard_n be_v only_o beget_v on_o ermentrude_v and_o can_v any_o man_n now_o imagine_v from_o this_o testimony_n of_o ordericus_n that_o earl_n hugh_n have_v any_o other_o issue_n by_o ermentrude_v but_o only_a richard_n so_o that_o if_o we_o believe_v ordericus_n who_o live_v in_o that_o age_n know_v the_o truth_n better_o than_o we_o can_v now_o geva_n be_v no_o daughter_n by_o ermentrude_v and_o by_o certain_a consequence_n must_v be_v one_o of_o the_o base_a issue_n mention_v by_o ordericus_n though_o he_o name_v none_o in_o particular_a and_o she_o can_v be_v by_o any_o former_a wife_n your_o old_a subterfuge_n because_o earl_n hugh_n have_v never_o any_o other_o wife_n which_o ought_v either_o to_o be_v prove_v by_o you_o or_o else_o no_o good_a reason_n appear_v to_o the_o contrary_a and_o then_o sure_a the_o deed_n prove_v geva_n have_v land_n give_v in_o free_a marriage_n the_o precedent_n hold_v and_o prove_v that_o land_n in_o those_o elder_a age_n pass_v with_o bastard_n in_o free_a marriage_n who_o they_o own_v for_o their_o own_o child_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d quod_fw-la erat_fw-la demonstrandum_fw-la i_o add_v further_o that_o if_o hugh_n lupus_n have_v a_o daughter_n by_o ermentrude_v for_o you_o yourself_o confess_v and_o expound_v the_o word_n of_o ordericus_n to_o be_v that_o earl_n hugh_n have_v no_o other_o son_n what_o advantage_n be_v it_o for_o your_o purpose_n unless_o geva_n be_v that_o daughter_n and_o so_o she_o be_v legitimate_a see_v now_o then_o geva_n must_v needs_o be_v sister_n of_o the_o whole-blood_n to_o earl_n richard_n and_o by_o consequence_n sole_a heir_n to_o her_o brother_n of_o all_o the_o earldom_n as_o you_o interpret_v ordericus_n and_o so_o i_o leave_v it_o to_o every_o reader_n judgement_n and_o then_o by_o your_o own_o argument_n she_o shall_v have_v have_v the_o earldom_n three_o page_n 45._o then_o you_o proceed_v to_o my_o objection_n that_o if_o geva_n have_v be_v legitimate_a her_o issue_n ought_v rather_o to_o have_v succeed_v into_o the_o earldom_n of_o chester_n then_o randle_n de_fw-fr meschines_n after_o the_o death_n of_o richard_n earl_n of_o chester_n that_o do_v not_o at_o all_o follow_v say_v you_o because_o it_o be_v possible_a the_o earldom_n of_o chester_n at_o that_o time_n as_o most_o time_n
account_v a_o crime_n in_o your_o family_n more_o than_o in_o other_o in_o the_o like_a case_n true_a it_o be_v as_o lawful_a in_o your_o case_n as_o any_o other_o if_o your_o case_n be_v the_o same_o with_o other_o i_o say_v the_o quarter_a of_o the_o coat_n of_o a_o coheir_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v give_v by_o any_o herald_n to_o any_o but_o the_o coheir_n of_o the_o whole-blood_n which_o in_o strictness_n you_o do_v confess_v be_v not_o that_o herald_n then_o to_o be_v mislike_v both_o for_o his_o boldness_n and_o error_n who_o shall_v at_o any_o time_n give_v it_o to_o the_o half-blood_n but_o in_o this_o case_n i_o believe_v it_o will_v not_o appear_v to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o half-blood_n as_o you_o call_v it_o unless_o it_o be_v mean_v of_o a_o half-blood_n illegitimate_a page_n 23._o you_o say_v because_o manwaringe_n be_v not_o a_o equal_a competitor_n to_o the_o coheir_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n can_v be_v no_o substantial_a argument_n to_o prove_v amicia_n illegitimate_a and_o so_o you_o pass_v to_o illustrate_v your_o ancestor_n to_o have_v be_v seize_v of_o a_o good_a estate_n of_o land_n whereunto_o i_o say_v i_o do_v not_o urge_v that_o for_o a_o argument_n of_o her_o illegitimacy_n we_o shall_v come_v to_o that_o anon_o i_o only_o there_o observe_v chief_o that_o she_o be_v no_o coheir_n which_o you_o grant_v and_o therefore_o the_o herald_n ought_v not_o to_o have_v give_v to_o manwaringe_v the_o quarter_a of_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n coat_n at_o all_o which_o you_o do_v grant_v to_o be_v in_o strictness_n true_a and_o which_o i_o have_v touch_v immediate_o before_o and_o i_o shall_v likewise_o grant_v your_o family_n to_o be_v a_o family_n of_o good_a quality_n both_o at_o that_o time_n and_o at_o this_o present_a also_o i_o shall_v be_v loath_a to_o say_v to_o the_o contrary_a but_o as_o to_o your_o note_n of_o duke_n and_o earl_n to_o have_v be_v ancient_o judge_n of_o chester_n you_o shall_v have_v distinguish_v of_o the_o time_n for_o that_o be_v not_o till_o the_o reign_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o who_o make_v deputy_n to_o act_v in_o their_o stead_n before_o which_o time_n you_o find_v no_o such_o great_a person_n judge_n there_o nor_o from_o henry_n the_o seaventh_n time_n downward_o three_o page_n 24._o you_o say_v the_o case_n be_v not_o the_o same_o with_o the_o other_o daughter_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n when_o ralph_n manwaringe_v marry_v amicia_n as_o it_o be_v afterward_o for_o amicia_n be_v marry_v in_o the_o life_n time_n of_o her_o father_n earl_n hugh_n whereas_o those_o four_o come_v to_o be_v such_o great_a fortune_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o their_o brother_n randle_n earl_n of_o chester_n and_o lincoln_n without_o issue_n to_o who_o they_o then_o become_v heir_n they_o be_v his_o sister_n of_o the_o whole-blood_n and_o though_o all_o or_o most_o of_o they_o be_v marry_v before_o they_o become_v to_o be_v his_o heir_n yet_o the_o say_a earl_n randle_n have_v never_o have_v issue_n the_o expectation_n of_o that_o estate_n add_v to_o their_o other_o fortune_n must_v needs_o make_v they_o very_o considerable_a fortune_n whereas_o amicia_n be_v but_o of_o the_o half-blood_n be_v a_o daughter_n of_o earl_n hugh_n by_o a_o former_a wife_n my_o answer_n herein_o first_o you_o beg_v the_o question_n which_o be_v never_o grant_v nor_o can_v ever_o be_v prove_v that_o amicia_n be_v of_o the_o half-legitimate_a blood_n to_o earl_n randle_n by_o a_o former_a wife_n of_o earl_n hugh_n but_o dato_fw-la hoc_fw-la sed_fw-la non_fw-la concesso_fw-la it_o be_v more_o rational_a to_o imagine_v that_o earl_n hugh_n match_v his_o only_a daughter_n by_o a_o former_a wife_n as_o you_o suppose_v in_o his_o life-time_n will_v have_v marry_v she_o to_o as_o considerable_a a_o person_n as_o be_v either_o provide_v by_o himself_o or_o his_o son_n for_o his_o young_a child_n by_o a_o second_o venture_n who_o expectation_n which_o you_o conceive_v add_v to_o their_o fortune_n whereby_o they_o match_v to_o so_o great_a person_n can_v not_o be_v much_o be_v ground_v upon_o great_a uncertainty_n since_o it_o can_v not_o be_v foresee_v when_o they_o marry_v that_o their_o brother_n shall_v die_v without_o issue_n who_o afterward_o marry_v two_o wife_n successive_o purposely_o to_o have_v issue_n of_o his_o own_o body_n to_o inherit_v his_o own_o land_n page_n 25._o you_o say_v that_o i_o acknowledge_v i_o have_v be_v inform_v that_o three_o eminent_a judge_n and_o four_o herald_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o amice_fw-la be_v legitimate_a and_o be_v also_o tell_v late_o by_o one_o who_o you_o hope_v i_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o discredit_v that_o since_o then_o several_a other_o judge_n and_o herald_n have_v be_v consult_v all_o which_o do_v concur_v in_o the_o same_o opinion_n that_o amicia_n be_v no_o bastard_n my_o answer_n whereunto_o i_o answer_v and_o confess_v i_o be_v so_o inform_v but_o it_o be_v you_o yourself_o who_o inform_v i_o nor_o do_v i_o ever_o yet_o see_v any_o opinion_n under_o their_o hand_n nor_o their_o ground_n and_o reason_n for_o such_o their_o opinion_n attest_v what_o can_v be_v make_v of_o this_o let_v the_o ingenious_a reader_n judge_v of_o the_o argument_n some_o judge_n and_o herald_n be_v of_o that_o opinion_n ergo_fw-la she_o be_v legitimate_a in_o these_o case_n all_o that_o can_v be_v say_v pro_fw-la and_o con_n shall_v have_v be_v put_v indifferent_o on_o both_o side_n when_o any_o grave_a person_n be_v to_o be_v consult_v which_o hitherto_o have_v be_v do_v private_o on_o the_o one_o side_n only_o without_o hear_v the_o reason_n on_o the_o other_o side_n and_o you_o know_v how_o opinion_n be_v not_o rare_o give_v according_a to_o the_o put_n of_o the_o case_n but_o very_o frequent_a and_o usual_a when_o many_o time_n even_o the_o lawyer_n themselves_o differ_v in_o their_o opinion_n but_o i_o can_v compare_v this_o to_o be_v like_o nothing_o more_o than_o go_v about_o to_o get_v hand_n to_o a_o petition_n 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here_o be_v many_o strong_a reason_n to_o the_o contrary_a and_o you_o be_v now_o to_o answer_v the_o argument_n in_o hand_n and_o for_o your_o assert_v that_o my_o prove_v she_o be_v not_o by_o bertred_n do_v not_o prove_v she_o a_o bastard_n but_o prove_v she_o be_v either_o a_o bastard_n or_o else_o by_o a_o former_a wife_n this_o be_v not_o to_o the_o point_n for_o the_o argument_n run_v if_o he_o have_v no_o other_o wife_n but_o bertred_n and_o she_o no_o daughter_n to_o bertred_n then_o certain_o if_o she_o be_v a_o daughter_n and_o so_o call_v she_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o bastard_n and_o as_o to_o the_o point_n of_o law_n you_o urge_v that_o a_o man_n can_v be_v prove_v a_o bastard_n but_o in_o his_o life-time_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o a_o estate_n because_o the_o dead_a person_n can_v answer_v to_o the_o exception_n yet_o though_o the_o law_n allow_v not_o this_o in_o plead_n what_o hinder_v but_o bastardy_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o history_n or_o argumentation_n after_o the_o party_n death_n suppose_v in_o a_o register-book_n i_o sin_v such_o a_o bastard_n christen_v one_o hundred_o year_n ago_o may_v not_o i_o just_o call_v that_o person_n a_o bastard_n who_o i_o find_v so_o register_v the_o law_n may_v make_v a_o bastard_n legitimate_a by_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o we_o find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o john_n of_o gaunt'_v child_n by_o katherine_n swynford_n 20._o ric._n 2.1397_o according_a to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n in_o the_o law_n excepta_fw-la dignitate_fw-la regali_fw-la whereby_o they_o shall_v inherit_v as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v lawful_o bear_v but_o may_v not_o we_o therefore_o call_v they_o bastard_n no_o law_n can_v make_v a_o bastard_n once_o bear_v to_o be_v no_o bastard_n in_o nature_n for_o quod_fw-la factum_fw-la est_fw-la semel_fw-la infectum_fw-la reddi_fw-la non_fw-la pate_v and_o to_o this_o your_o second_o answer_n i_o believe_v it_o be_v clear_o evince_v without_o further_a demonstration_n your_o three_o answer_n 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libero_fw-la maritagio_fw-la do_v at_o all_o prove_v her_o legitimate_a for_o i_o have_v before_o tell_v you_o and_o shall_v entreat_v the_o judicious_a reader_n to_o look_v back_o where_o i_o have_v before_o speak_v of_o it_o that_o in_o those_o ancient_a age_n the_o word_n daughter_n be_v frequent_o use_v without_o the_o addition_n of_o bastard_n both_o in_o old_a deed_n and_o history_n nay_o rare_o or_o never_o be_v it_o otherwise_o use_v even_o to_o bastard_n as_o well_o as_o lawful_a issue_n whereof_o be_v sundry_a example_n as_o be_v well_o know_v to_o all_o such_o as_o be_v skill_v in_o antiquity_n and_o by_o your_o own_o argument_n if_o she_o be_v not_o call_v his_o daughter_n no_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n can_v have_v pass_v by_o the_o deed_n though_o she_o be_v a_o bastard_n because_o hereby_o she_o be_v own_v to_o be_v of_o his_o kindred_n and_o blood_n and_o that_o land_n have_v pass_v in_o libero_fw-la maritagio_fw-la to_o some_o such_o who_o be_v know_v to_o be_v bastard_n though_o not_o so_o name_v whereof_o i_o have_v show_v a_o precedent_n of_o those_o age_n in_o my_o book_n which_o be_v not_o refell_v yet_o by_o any_o solid_a reason_n to_o the_o contrary_a as_o the_o ingenuous_a reader_n may_v perceive_v supra_fw-la pag._n 18._o of_o this_o book_n &_o deinceps_fw-la and_o what_o you_o add_v out_o of_o spelman_n be_v little_a to_o the_o purpose_n that_o in_o case_n of_o honour_n and_o profit_n distinction_n be_v then_o make_v that_o by_o the_o appellation_n of_o son_n bastard_n be_v not_o comprehend_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o normandy_n what_o than_o this_o suppose_v that_o in_o other_o case_n and_o former_o by_o the_o appellation_n of_o son_n bastard_n be_v comprehend_v this_o make_v direct_o against_o you_o and_o you_o know_v what_o spelman_n say_v in_o the_o very_a word_n next_o follow_v that_o the_o ancient_a northern_a people_n admit_v bastard_n to_o succeed_v in_o their_o inheritance_n and_o that_o william_n the_o conqueror_n be_v not_o ashamed_a of_o that_o title_n who_o begin_v his_o letter_n to_o alan_n earl_n of_o little_a britain_n as_o he_o do_v many_o other_o ego_fw-la willielmus_fw-la cognomento_fw-la bastardus_fw-la but_o what_o be_v all_o this_o to_o the_o answer_v of_o the_o argument_n or_o prove_v hugh_n cyveliok_v to_o have_v have_v a_o former_a wife_n only_o you_o will_v have_v the_o word_n in_o libero_fw-la maritagio_fw-la to_o prove_v amice_fw-la absolute_o legitimate_a this_o be_v all_o the_o answer_v you_o give_v to_o the_o point_n and_o this_o will_v not_o do_v it_o as_o be_v before_o prove_v whither_o i_o have_v refer_v the_o ingenious_a reader_n your_o four_o answer_n to_o my_o first_o argument_n p._n 60_o 61._o and_o here_o you_o say_v that_o if_o all_o must_v be_v bastard_n if_o we_o can_v not_o tell_v who_o be_v their_o mother_n nor_o direct_o prove_v their_o father_n marry_v we_o may_v then_o conclude_v most_o person_n bastard_n and_o so_o you_o can_v frame_v my_o own_o argument_n 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hugh_n cyveliok_n must_v needs_o have_v another_o wife_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a contest_v between_o we_o for_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o your_o argument_n for_o her_o legitimacy_n be_v little_a material_a and_o not_o solid_a now_o you_o repeat_v this_o often_o over_o and_o over_o again_o where_o you_o have_v as_o oft_o be_v tell_v that_o land_n in_o those_o former_a age_n do_v pass_v to_o bastard_n in_o libero_fw-la maritagio_fw-la whereof_o i_o have_v give_v you_o one_o precedent_n which_o neither_o yet_o have_v be_v nor_o as_o i_o conceive_v can_v be_v rational_o answer_v beside_o the_o word_n of_o glanvil_n imply_v the_o same_o and_o the_o term_n of_o bastard_n be_v for_o certain_a usual_o omit_v in_o the_o deed_n and_o history_n of_o those_o time_n and_o the_o own_v they_o for_o daughter_n in_o their_o deed_n possible_o that_o the_o land_n may_v pass_v to_o their_o heir_n as_o own_v they_o to_o
no_o mention_n of_o her_o heir_n and_o second_o it_o be_v give_v to_o geva_n alone_o and_o not_o unto_o a_o husband_n with_o she_o whereas_o that_o give_v to_o manwaringe_v with_o amicia_n in_o free_a marriage_n mention_v their_o heir_n my_o answer_n to_o the_o five_o reason_n though_o the_o lord_n cook_n say_v that_o by_o these_o word_n in_o connubio_fw-la soluto_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la servitio_fw-la there_o pass_v but_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n yet_o he_o say_v not_o that_o by_o these_o word_n in_o libero_fw-la conjugio_fw-la pass_v only_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n nor_o in_o case_n the_o word_n have_v be_v in_o libero_fw-la connubio_fw-la he_o say_v nothing_o of_o they_o although_o you_o be_v please_v to_o say_v that_o the_o word_n in_o libero_fw-la conjugio_fw-la be_v but_o like_o the_o word_n in_o connubio_fw-la soluto_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la servitio_fw-la which_o make_v but_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n i_o think_v sir_n you_o and_o i_o be_v no_o profess_a lawyer_n have_v best_a to_o leave_v these_o thing_n to_o the_o sage_n of_o the_o law_n and_o notwithstanding_o the_o criticism_n i_o beg_v both_o your_o pardon_n and_o my_o lord_n cooke_n too_o if_o he_o shall_v have_v say_v it_o which_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o he_o do_v in_o this_o case_n of_o geva_n for_o the_o land_n in_o the_o deed_n mention_v do_v descend_v to_o her_o heir_n by_o basset_n and_o even_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v call_v drayton-basset_a in_o distinction_n of_o other_o town_n call_v also_o drayton_n because_o the_o basset_n be_v ancient_o lord_n thereof_o and_o this_o very_a deed_n be_v take_v out_o of_o a_o manuscript_n in_o arundel-house_n wherein_o the_o old_a deed_n belong_v to_o the_o basset_n of_o drayton-basset_a in_o staffordshire_n be_v enroll_v about_o the_o reign_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o as_o you_o may_v see_v it_o mention_v in_o my_o book_n again_o you_o say_v the_o deed_n to_o geva_n be_v word_v as_o if_o it_o intend_v only_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n and_o be_v make_v to_o geva_n herself_o without_o the_o word_n she_o heir_n mention_v therein_o where_o you_o be_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o this_o deed_n of_o the_o first_o randle_n earl_n of_o chester_n be_v but_o a_o confirmation_n to_o his_o cousin_n geva_n of_o a_o former_a deed_n sicuti_fw-la comes_fw-la hughes_n ei_fw-la in_o libero_fw-la conjugio_fw-la dedit_fw-la which_o deed_n may_v be_v have_v the_o land_n pass_v to_o she_o and_o her_o heir_n or_o to_o her_o husband_n with_o she_o and_o to_o their_o heir_n but_o for_o certain_a she_o and_o her_o heir_n by_o basset_n have_v the_o same_o land_n however_o earl_n hugh_n deed_n do_v run_v i_o add_v further_o to_o your_o objection_n that_o it_o be_v intend_v but_o for_o life_n because_o give_v to_o she_o only_o without_o the_o word_n heir_n cook_n upon_o littleton_n fol._n 21._o b_o cit_v peter_n saltmarsh_n case_n and_o fitz_n herbert_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la brevium_fw-la fol._n 172._o that_o land_n may_v be_v give_v by_o a_o man_n to_o his_o son_n in_o free-marriage_n and_o why_o not_o as_o well_o to_o his_o daughter_n alone_o in_o free-marriage_n which_o word_n of_o frankmarriage_n do_v of_o themselves_o create_v a_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n as_o cook_n say_v in_o the_o same_o page_n and_o now_o we_o have_v do_v with_o geva_n and_o i_o appeal_v to_o the_o indifferent_a reader_n whether_o my_o reason_n allege_v for_o her_o bastardy_n in_o my_o other_o book_n be_v by_o you_o in_o the_o least_o take_v off_o by_o any_o solid_a answer_n or_o reason_n to_o the_o contrary_a although_o in_o your_o book_n you_o brand_v i_o with_o a_o aspersion_n of_o she_o page_n 50_o 51._o and_o now_o you_o come_v to_o the_o second_o reason_n allege_v to_o prove_v that_o amicia_n be_v legitimate_a which_o you_o say_v have_v its_o full_a strength_n yet_o and_o be_v not_o at_o all_o weaken_a by_o any_o thing_n i_o have_v say_v for_o in_o my_o computation_n according_a to_o reasonable_a supposition_n it_o can_v be_v well_o affirm_v that_o hugh_n cyveliok_v be_v above_o seven_o or_o eight_o year_n or_o thereabouts_o old_a than_o his_o wife_n bertred_n but_o by_o your_o computation_n you_o say_v possible_o he_o may_v be_v 26._o or_o 27._o year_n old_a whosoever_o will_v take_v pain_n to_o scan_v both_o our_o computation_n will_v see_v which_o be_v more_o moderate_a and_o reasonable_a in_o you_o you_o suppose_v maud_n earl_n hugh_n mother_n to_o be_v bear_v the_o second_o year_n after_o her_o mother_n marriage_n and_o maud_n marry_v in_o the_o 16_o year_n of_o her_o age_n and_o earl_n hugh_n bear_v in_o the_o 17_o year_n of_o maud_n age_n which_o fall_v in_o anno_fw-la 1129._o and_o so_o all_o in_o the_o utmost_a possibility_n and_o if_o we_o may_v compute_v by_o possibility_n as_o you_o do_v i_o say_v earl_n hugh_n may_v be_v but_o four_o year_n old_a than_o bertred_n but_o if_o you_o will_v go_v by_o strong_a probability_n that_o earl_n randle_n father_n of_o earl_n hugh_n be_v marry_v by_o robert_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n unto_o maude_n his_o daughter_n thereby_o to_o draw_v he_o to_o the_o part_n of_o queen_n maud_n his_o sister_n about_o the_o very_a year_n 1139._o before_o which_o time_n we_o find_v no_o mention_n in_o our_o ancient_a historian_n of_o randle_n act_n against_o king_n stephen_n but_o in_o that_o very_a year_n we_o do_v and_o then_o by_o some_o of_o they_o style_v son_n in_o law_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n but_o not_o before_o that_o year_n that_o i_o remember_v i_o say_v if_o we_o reckon_v by_o utmost_a possibility_n earl_n hugh_n can_v not_o possible_o be_v above_o 16_o or_o 17_o year_n old_a than_o bertred_n but_o rational_o we_o may_v imagine_v he_o be_v not_o so_o old_a by_o many_o year_n and_o though_o your_o ghess_n may_v be_v a_o little_a in_o the_o dark_a yet_o i_o think_v i_o be_o about_o the_o very_a time_n of_o his_o marriage_n so_o that_o if_o your_o argument_n carry_v its_o full_a strength_n it_o be_v certain_o but_o a_o little_a strength_n if_o any_o at_o all_o it_o be_v but_o this_o earl_n hugh_n be_v old_a than_o bertred_n ergo_fw-la he_o have_v a_o former_a wife_n and_o of_o your_o account_n you_o say_v you_o may_v abate_v i_o several_a year_n and_o yet_o earl_n hugh_n be_v a_o great_a deal_n old_a than_o his_o wife_n wherein_o you_o say_v true_a but_o i_o can_v gather_v no_o such_o quantity_n of_o year_n in_o respect_n of_o his_o age_n reasonable_o to_o suppose_v he_o to_o have_v have_v any_o former_a wife_n page_n 52._o the_o three_o and_o four_o reason_n you_o say_v be_v only_o urge_v as_o concurrent_a proof_n with_o the_o argument_n bring_v from_o the_o word_n in_o libero_fw-la maritagio_fw-la so_o than_o your_o achillean_a argument_n fail_v all_o the_o other_o fall_n to_o the_o ground_n to_o which_o have_v be_v speak_v before_o page_n 52_o 53._o but_o yet_o you_o muster_v up_o all_o your_o force_n to_o strengthen_v the_o three_o and_o four_o reason_n for_o amicia_n as_o hugh_n cyveliok_n countess_n be_v witness_n to_o the_o deed_n of_o amicia_n in_o libero_fw-la maritagio_fw-la and_o yet_o you_o that_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o the_o law_n in_o ancient_a time_n from_o the_o law_n of_o late_a age_n and_o insist_v so_o much_o upon_o law_n can_v but_o know_v a_o wife_n be_v no_o good_a witness_n either_o for_o or_o against_o her_o husband_n and_o yet_o both_o here_o and_o in_o sundry_a other_o deed_n we_o find_v they_o put_v as_o witness_n to_o their_o husband_n deed_n also_o ralph_n manwaringe_n call_v his_o daughter_n bertrede_v after_o the_o name_n of_o the_o countess_n methinks_v he_o shall_v rather_o have_v call_v she_o after_o the_o name_n of_o his_o former_a countess_n mother_n of_o amice_fw-la if_o earl_n hugh_n have_v have_v any_o such_o wife_n also_o roger_n manwaringe_v in_o another_o deed_n call_v randle_n of_o chester_n and_o lincoln_n his_o uncle_n ralph_n manwaringe_n be_v with_o the_o earl_n at_o coventry_n and_o a_o witness_n to_o his_o charler_n to_o his_o burgess_n there_o also_o roger_n manwaringe_v and_o henry_n de_fw-fr audley_n who_o marry_v his_o sister_n be_v witness_n to_o the_o deed_n of_o randle_n earl_n of_o chester_n and_o lincoln_n concern_v the_o abbey_n of_o deulacre_n henry_n de_fw-fr audley_n be_v a_o witness_n to_o the_o deed_n of_o robert_n de_fw-fr fernans_n this_o be_v far_o fetch_v who_o mother_n be_v one_o of_o the_o sister_n and_o coheir_n to_o the_o aforesaid_a earl_n randle_n as_o also_o ralph_n manwaringe_n be_v a_o witness_n to_o one_o deed_n of_o hugh_n cyveliok_n and_o to_o three_o other_o deed_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n randle_n these_o say_v you_o be_v such_o circumstance_n as_o show_v a_o more_o great_a and_o constant_a intimacy_n between_o the_o say_v two_o family_n then_o probable_o will_v have_v be_v if_o amicia_n have_v be_v a_o