very_o suitable_a to_o our_o method_n to_o consider_v next_o what_o provision_n our_o commonwealth_n have_v make_v for_o discovery_n and_o conviction_n of_o offender_n wherein_o after_o i_o have_v slight_o touch_v some_o of_o the_o argument_n mention_v in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o this_o moderator_n i_o shall_v pass_v on_o to_o those_o aditional_a reason_n i_o have_v since_o collect_v and_o that_o the_o way_n of_o indictment_n and_o conviction_n of_o witness_n and_o jury_n be_v the_o only_a proceed_v own_v by_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o this_o land_n be_v abundant_o prove_v by_o the_o chief_a author_n and_o sure_a defender_n of_o all_o our_o liberty_n magna_fw-la carta_fw-la so_o often_o confirm_v in_o our_o ancient_a parliament_n so_o reverent_o upon_o all_o occasion_n cite_v by_o the_o last_o where_o every_o english_a man_n may_v read_v with_o joy_n these_o precious_a word_n no_o free_a man_n may_v be_v arrest_v or_o imprison_v but_o by_o due_a process_n of_o law_n no_o man_n shall_v be_v put_v out_o of_o his_o freehold_n by_o either_o the_o king_n himself_o 46._o or_o any_o commissioner_n but_o every_o one_o right_a to_o be_v try_v by_o a_o jury_n of_o his_o equal_n of_o which_o happy-freedom_n the_o papist_n who_o long_o since_o procure_v it_o for_o this_o nation_n enjoy_v not_o now_o the_o least_o shadow_n 5_o ed._n 3._o 9_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o no_o man_n from_o hence_o forth_o shall_v be_v attach_v upon_o any_o occasion_n nor_o his_o land_n tenement_n good_n or_o chattel_n seize_v against_o the_o form_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n or_o against_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n to_o this_o regular_a form_n of_o proceed_v thief_n and_o robber_n have_v a_o clear_a and_o allow_v right_a only_a papist_n upon_o the_o single_a account_n of_o religion_n be_v altogether_o exclude_v 25._o ed._n 3._o c._n 4._o none_o be_v to_o be_v convict_v of_o any_o offence_n unless_o by_o indictment_n or_o presentment_n of_o good_a and_o lawful_a man_n where_o such_o offence_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v do_v this_o justice_n every_o murderer_n can_v claim_v and_o no_o judge_n dare_v deny_v only_o the_o papist_n who_o we_o can_v accuse_v of_o no_o other_o crime_n then_o difference_n of_o judgement_n in_o religion_n be_v force_v to_o convict_v himself_o by_o his_o own_o oath_n without_o the_o least_o colour_n of_o any_o legal_a indictment_n so_o express_o contrary_a to_o the_o know_a law_n and_o ancient_a liberty_n of_o this_o nation_n 28._o ed._n 3._o c._n 3._o no_o man_n of_o what_o condition_n or_o estate_n soever_o shall_v be_v put_v out_o of_o his_o land_n or_o tenement_n without_o be_v bring_v to_o answer_v by_o due_a process_n of_o law_n this_o privilege_n the_o most_o trivial_a fellow_n that_o have_v but_o a_o cottage_n to_o hide_v his_o head_n in_o may_v uncontrollable_o challenge_v and_o god_n forbid_v it_o shall_v be_v refuse_v he_o but_o then_o how_o be_v it_o reasonable_a that_o recusant_n many_o of_o they_o person_n of_o very_o considerable_a quality_n be_v dispossess_v of_o so_o great_a estate_n upon_o their_o own_o enforce_a oath_n without_o any_o due_a process_n of_o law_n 42._o ed._n 3._o cap._n 1._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o the_o great_a charter_n shall_v be_v hold_v and_o keep_v in_o all_o point_n and_o if_o any_o statute_n be_v make_v to_o the_o contrary_a it_o shall_v be_v void_a nay_o so_o great_a account_n have_v our_o wise_a ancestor_n make_v of_o this_o magna_fw-la carta_fw-la so_o careful_o provide_v for_o its_o preservation_n and_o universal_a observance_n that_o it_o have_v no_o less_o than_o 30_o time_n be_v solemn_o confirm_v by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n as_o be_v at_o large_a declare_v in_o sir_n ed._n coke_n 5._o report_n fol._n 64._o b._n and_o in_o his_o 8._o report_n fol._n 19_o b_o 42._o ed._n 3._o cap._n 3._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v put_v to_o answer_v without_o presentment_n before_o justice_n or_o matter_n of_o record_n or_o by_o due_a process_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o if_o any_o thing_n from_o henceforth_o be_v do_v to_o the_o contrary_a it_o shall_v be_v void_a in_o law_n and_o hold_v for_o error_n no_o court_n disallow_v this_o advantage_n to_o the_o worst_a of_o traitor_n no_o committee_n allow_v it_o to_o the_o quiet_a of_o recusant_n all_o these_o so_o excellent_a law_n such_o as_o no_o people_n under_o heaven_n enjoy_v be_v make_v when_o the_o legislative_a power_n be_v absolute_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o papist_n all_o these_o privilege_n so_o high_a and_o extraordinary_a that_o they_o deserve_v the_o name_n rather_o of_o the_o people_n prerogative_n then_o their_o liberty_n the_o papist_n obtain_v and_o establish_a in_o their_o time_n and_o careful_o transmit_v to_o their_o posterity_n all_o these_o wise_a and_o prudent_a caution_n which_o so_o safe_o fence_v and_o preserve_v our_o common_a freedom_n from_o the_o encroachment_n of_o arbitrary_a power_n be_v provident_o contrive_v by_o the_o papist_n and_o from_o they_o be_v happy_o descend_v upon_o we_o and_o shall_v we_o now_o have_v reform_v their_o faith_n forget_v our_o own_o reason_n so_o far_o as_o to_o deprive_v our_o brethren_n of_o the_o benefit_n of_o those_o law_n which_o their_o father_n make_v only_o because_o they_o resemble_v they_o most_o in_o religion_n shall_v we_o so_o far_o yield_v to_o passion_n as_o utter_o deny_v they_o the_o immmunity_n of_o their_o ancestor_n or_o can_v we_o possible_o arrive_v at_o this_o degree_n of_o partiality_n as_o not_o permit_v the_o great_a malefactor_n to_o be_v his_o own_o accuser_n and_o yet_o enforce_v the_o most_o peaceable_a recusant_n to_o be_v his_o own_o condemner_n nay_o though_o the_o thief_n arraign_v at_o the_o bar_n confess_v his_o guilt_n our_o judge_n merciful_o decline_v to_o condemn_v he_o without_o some_o testimony_n of_o witness_n but_o if_o a_o recusant_n will_v not_o voluntary_o both_o arraign_v and_o condemn_v himself_o the_o practice_n of_o haberdasher_n hall_n be_v without_o think_v of_o further_a proof_n immediate_o to_o proceed_v to_o execution_n nor_o be_v this_o tenderness_n towards_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n regard_v only_o in_o those_o old_a day_n but_o we_o have_v fresh_a example_n of_o a_o great_a zeal_n and_o jealousy_n than_o ever_o those_o time_n be_v acquaint_v with_o for_o in_o the_o great_a petition_n of_o right_n 3._o car._n all_o these_o statute_n be_v particular_o recite_v and_o earnest_o insist_v upon_o by_o the_o parliament_n then_o assemble_v and_o yet_o a_o fresh_a instance_n be_v that_o of_o the_o last_o parliament_n who_o in_o their_o act_n for_o regulation_n of_o the_o privy_a council_n and_o abolition_n of_o the_o star-chamber_n do_v punctual_o repeat_v again_o all_o those_o statute_n and_o rely_v upon_o they_o as_o the_o fundamental_a and_o unchangeable_a law_n of_o the_o land_n beside_o whereas_o copyhold_n estate_n by_o the_o ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o this_o nation_n be_v never_o comprehend_v within_o the_o general_a word_n of_o any_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o alter_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o land_n or_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o manor_n to_o the_o prejudice_n either_o of_o lord_n or_o tenant_n as_o be_v resolve_v in_o sir_n edw._n coke_n second_o report_n fol._n 8._o sir_n fran._n more_n report_n 199._o 428_o etc._n etc._n because_o no_o stranger_n can_v become_v tenant_n of_o any_o copyhold_n estate_n without_o the_o lord_n special_a assent_n and_o admission_n for_o which_o cause_n no_o copyhold_n be_v ever_o liable_a to_o any_o execution_n of_o statute_n or_o recognisance_n in_o debt_n or_o formdon_n nor_o be_v within_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o hen._n 5._o cap._n 15._o for_o heresy_n nor_o be_v seizable_a within_o the_o statute_n 29_o eliz._n cap._n 6._o nor_o 3._o jac._n cap._n 4._o for_o recusancy_n yet_o contrary_a to_o this_o ancient_a fundamental_a law_n the_o copyhold_n estate_n of_o every_o suspect_a recusant_n be_v seize_v upon_o and_o sequester_v although_o there_o be_v no_o ordinance_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n express_o warrant_v any_o such_o proceed_n thus_o have_v we_o clear_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o only_a course_n allow_v by_o the_o law_n for_o determination_n of_o all_o controversy_n be_v the_o ordinary_a process_n by_o writ_n in_o civil_a cause_n and_o by_o indictment_n in_o criminal_a and_o in_o both_o by_o witness_n and_o a_o jury_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n where_o the_o scene_n of_o the_o question_n lie_v and_o now_o we_o shall_v full_o satisfy_v our_o undertake_n if_o we_o can_v also_o prove_v that_o the_o late_a parliament_n often_o engage_v by_o solemn_a act_n and_o declaration_n to_o maintain_v the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n wherein_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o any_o that_o can_v read_v english_a to_o retain_v the_o least_o doubt_n when_o he_o have_v peruse_v these_o few_o citation_n 26_o may_n 660_o 1642._o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o declare_v
every_o one_o to_o swear_v whether_o he_o be_v guilty_a certain_o magistrate_n may_v as_o lawful_o put_v we_o to_o our_o oath_n whether_o we_o have_v assent_v to_o any_o traitorous_a thought_n against_o our_o country_n or_o covet_v our_o neighbour_n good_n or_o wife_n as_o what_o we_o think_v of_o such_o a_o point_n of_o divinity_n shall_v it_o be_v pretend_v that_o the_o oath_n of_o abjuration_n commit_v no_o force_n upon_o the_o mind_n but_o only_o upon_o the_o mouth_n give_v free_a leave_n to_o think_v what_o we_o will_v if_o we_o swear_v as_o it_o command_v such_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n to_o believe_v in_o our_o heart_n contrary_a to_o what_o we_o profess_v with_o our_o lip_n nero_n himself_o allow_v such_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n that_o be_v damnable_a hypocrisy_n be_v indeed_o the_o proper_a and_o natural_a effect_n of_o compulsion_n upon_o the_o conscience_n sure_o by_o this_o glorious_a word_n liberty_n something_o more_o be_v intend_v to_o be_v leave_v we_o than_o what_o no_o tyrant_n can_v take_v from_o we_o sure_o it_o ought_v at_o least_o to_o be_v so_o courteous_o interpret_v that_o by_o this_o kind_a phrase_n liberty_n of_o conscience_n be_v understand_v a_o liberty_n consistent_a with_o conscience_n a_o condition_n wherein_o every_o peaceable_a christian_n may_v follow_v our_o principle_n without_o renounce_v his_o own_o honesty_n yet_o i_o confess_v it_o puzzle_v all_o the_o reason_n i_o be_o owner_n of_o that_o they_o who_o take_v this_o oath_n though_o very_o credible_o against_o their_o conscience_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o full_a benefit_n of_o tender_a conscience_n and_o if_o any_o refuse_v it_o because_o against_o his_o conscience_n he_o be_v whole_o exclude_v from_o the_o least_o mercy_n provide_v for_o tender_a conscience_n beside_o proof_n this_o dispunishableness_n of_o thought_n arise_v as_o well_o from_o the_o impossibility_n of_o lawful_a proof_n as_o from_o their_o innocency_n in_o not_o offend_a other_o and_o therefore_o a_o secret_a promise_n though_o most_o serious_o and_o deliberate_o resolve_v on_o if_o reserve_v in_o the_o party_n own_o conscience_n create_v no_o legal_a obligation_n of_o performance_n which_o can_v not_o be_v true_a 104._o if_o the_o law_n do_v allow_v any_o proceed_n whereby_o the_o party_n be_v compellable_a to_o accuse_v himself_o and_o therefore_o even_o in_o chancery_n though_o that_o be_v a_o swear_a court_n if_o a_o bill_n of_o perjury_n be_v sue_v upon_o the_o statute_n 5._o 100_o eliz._n the_o defendant_n shall_v not_o be_v force_v to_o make_v answer_n upon_o oath_n either_o to_o the_o bill_n or_o interrogatory_n so_o if_o a_o juror_n be_v challenge_v for_o partiality_n ground_v upon_o some_o indifferent_a and_o unreproachfull_a objection_n as_o kindred_n to_o one_o of_o the_o party_n etc._n etc._n he_o shall_v be_v admit_v to_o clear_v such_o a_o question_n by_o his_o own_o oath_n but_o if_o the_o charge_n be_v either_o ignominous_a or_o dangerous_a as_o bribery_n etc._n etc._n the_o challenger_n must_v maintain_v his_o assertion_n by_o witness_n 193._o it_o be_v unreasonable_a in_o the_o wise_a and_o moderate_a judgement_n of_o the_o law_n that_o any_o one_o be_v enforce_v to_o become_v his_o own_o accuser_n with_o these_o agree_v many_o other_o authority_n all_o unanimous_o subscribe_v to_o this_o conclusion_n as_o a_o undeniable_a maxim_n of_o law_n 10._o that_o none_o can_v be_v lawful_o examine_v upon_o oath_n concerning_o any_o thing_n that_o sound_v to_o his_o own_o prejudice_n nay_o so_o great_a a_o abhorrence_n have_v the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o party_n be_v force_v to_o prosecute_v and_o condemn_v himself_o that_o it_o employ_v a_o extraordinary_a diligence_n to_o prevent_v so_o destructive_a a_o abuse_n and_o therefore_o in_o fitzherbert_n natura_fw-la brevium_fw-la if_o any_o have_v be_v cite_v into_o the_o spiritual_a court_n to_o accuse_v himself_o pro_fw-la salute_fw-la animae_fw-la as_o they_o call_v it_o a_o prohibition_n lie_v at_o the_o common_a law_n to_o stop_v and_o supersede_v their_o proceed_n and_o it_o be_v a_o case_n adjudge_v that_o if_o in_o a_o paenall_a law_n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o ordinary_a be_v save_v as_o in_o 1_o eliz._n 657._o 2._o for_o hear_v of_o mass_n the_o party_n shall_v not_o be_v examine_v upon_o oath_n before_o the_o ordinary_a concerning_o that_o point_n because_o it_o may_v become_v a_o evidence_n against_o himself_o 18._o if_o question_v afterwards_o in_o the_o temporal_a court_n which_o be_v a_o direct_a authority_n in_o the_o very_a point_n out_o of_o a_o book_n license_v and_o print_v by_o special_a order_n of_o the_o last_o parliament_n 175._o clear_o prove_v that_o as_o the_o papist_n ought_v to_o be_v try_v by_o witness_n case_n and_o not_o themselves_o examine_v upon_o oath_n concerning_o their_o go_n to_o mass_n so_o much_o less_o concerning_o their_o inward_a belief_n especial_o when_o such_o ruin_n attend_v they_o in_o their_o estate_n if_o they_o dare_v refuse_v to_o swear_v against_o their_o conscience_n it_o be_v true_a by_o the_o common_a law_n in_o some_o personal_a action_n the_o defendant_n be_v admit_v not_o compel_v to_o his_o oath_n as_o in_o case_n of_o wager_n of_o law_n 10._o etc._n etc._n 33._o h._n 6._o 10._o of_o non_fw-la summons_n in_o a_o praecipe_n quod_fw-la reddat_fw-la and_o of_o garnishment_n upon_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la etc._n etc._n but_o all_o these_o oath_n be_v either_o voluntary_o offer_v by_o the_o party_n himself_o not_o enforce_v upon_o he_o by_o the_o judge_n and_o go_v in_o discharge_n not_o condemnation_n of_o he_o or_o else_o concern_v only_o some_o collateral_a passage_n of_o little_a importance_n to_o the_o decision_n of_o the_o main_a controversy_n nor_o be_v the_o least_o shadow_n of_o such_o practice_n to_o be_v see_v in_o any_o penal_a law_n which_o be_v the_o only_a point_n we_o dispute_v upon_o and_o which_o we_o here_o undertake_v to_o prove_v a_o proceed_v altogether_o unknown_a to_o our_o law_n that_o any_o one_o shall_v be_v constrain_v to_o inform_v against_o himself_o and_o so_o become_v his_o own_o executioner_n upon_o this_o ground_n sir_n thomas_n moor_n a_o person_n complete_o learn_v in_o the_o law_n of_o this_o land_n and_o universal_o famous_a for_o courage_n and_o resolution_n according_a to_o his_o principle_n refuse_v the_o then_o new_a oath_n concerning_o the_o king_n supreamacy_n and_o divorce_n allege_v for_o his_o defence_n at_o the_o bar_n that_o he_o never_o speak_v or_o act_v any_o thing_n against_o that_o statute_n and_o upon_o this_o plea_n he_o rely_v as_o a_o evident_a justification_n in_o law_n which_o never_o say_v he_o be_v strain_v so_o far_o as_o to_o reach_v our_o thought_n and_o for_o his_o inward_a judgement_n he_o free_o profess_v that_o oath_n to_o be_v against_o it_o offer_v before_o the_o judge_n to_o swear_v that_o the_o unsatisfaction_n of_o his_o conscience_n therein_o be_v the_o only_a cause_n of_o his_o refusal_n to_o comply_v with_o their_o command_n and_o if_o we_o look_v back_o upon_o time_n behind_o we_o we_o shall_v often_o see_v the_o outward_a word_n and_o action_n censure_v by_o the_o magistrate_n but_o never_o the_o least_o attempt_n upon_o the_o a_o reformation_n inward_a belief_n though_o the_o principle_n heretofore_o entertain_v concerning_o the_o use_n of_o force_n in_o religion_n have_v general_o be_v far_o more_o rigid_a than_o those_o we_o now_o profess_v therefore_o in_o the_o act_n of_o 5._o hen._n 2._o 5._o and_o 2._o hen._n 4._o 14._o and_o 2._o hen._n 5._o 1._o make_v even_o in_o popish_a time_n which_o we_o so_o much_o condemn_v for_o cruelty_n those_o that_o begin_v new_a opinion_n contrary_a to_o the_o receive_a religion_n of_o the_o nation_n 1._o be_v prohibit_v to_o preach_v public_o any_o doctrine_n destructive_a of_o the_o establish_a law_n or_o by_o their_o subtle_a sermon_n to_o draw_v the_o people_n after_o they_o but_o not_o a_o word_n of_o force_v to_o swear_v the_o contrary_a they_o be_v forbid_v to_o write_v book_n in_o defence_n of_o their_o singularity_n or_o make_v unlawful_a conventicle_n to_o the_o endanger_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n but_o not_o a_o syllable_n of_o renounce_v what_o they_o believe_v in_o their_o heart_n the_o statute_n of_o 31._o reformation_n hen._n 8._o 14._o lay_v a_o forfeiture_n upon_o any_o that_o by_o word_n write_v print_v publish_v preach_v or_o teach_v shall_v maintain_v any_o of_o the_o opinion_n in_o six_o article_n therein_o prohibit_v but_o not_o a_o letter_n of_o abjure_v their_o inward_a persuasion_n and_o what_o the_o lord_n herbert_n in_o his_o history_n of_o henry_n the_o 8._o 448._o say_v concerning_o this_o statute_n be_v worth_a consideration_n his_o word_n be_v these_o the_o six_o article_n be_v now_o publish_v give_v no_o little_a occasion_n of_o murmur_n since_o to_o revoke_v the_o conscience_n not_o only_o from_o its_o own_o court_n but_o from_o the_o ordinary_a way_n of_o resolve_v controversy_n to_o such_o a_o
abrupt_a decision_n of_o the_o common_a law_n as_o be_v there_o set_v down_o be_v think_v to_o be_v a_o deturn_n of_o religion_n from_o its_o right_n and_o usual_a course_n since_o the_o conscience_n must_v be_v teach_v not_o force_v without_o that_o it_o shall_v at_o any_o time_n be_v handle_v rough_o as_o be_v of_o so_o delicate_a a_o temper_n as_o though_o it_o suffer_v a_o edge_n to_o be_v put_v on_o who_o do_v more_o diminish_v or_o break_v it_o beside_o to_o make_v the_o contravening_a of_o doctrine_n to_o be_v capital_a before_o they_o be_v full_o prove_v be_v prejudicial_a to_o that_o liberty_n without_o which_o none_o can_v justify_v himself_o before_o god_n or_o man_n for_o if_o it_o be_v death_n and_o sequestration_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o death_n to_o believe_v otherwise_o then_o we_o be_v command_v how_o unsafe_a will_v it_o be_v to_o make_v exact_a enquiry_n and_o without_o it_o who_o can_v say_v his_o religion_n be_v best_a beside_o the_o example_n be_v dangerous_a for_o if_o infidel_n and_o heathen_n to_o retain_v their_o people_n in_o obedience_n shall_v do_v the_o like_a who_o will_v ever_o turn_v christian_a therefore_o cranmer_n for_o three_o day_n together_o in_o the_o open_a assembly_n oppose_v these_o article_n bold_o etc._n etc._n thus_o far_o this_o learned_a historian_n the_o statute_n of_o 1_o edw._n 6._o 1._o in_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o reformation_n continue_v the_o same_o stile_n of_o punish_v only_o the_o outward_a act_n whilst_o it_o declare_v if_o any_o shall_v deprave_v despise_v or_o contemn_v the_o sacrament_n of_o the_o altar_n so_o call_v in_o the_o act_n according_a to_o the_o language_n of_o those_o time_n he_o shall_v suffer_v imprisonment_n and_o make_v fine_a and_o ransom_n at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n reformation_n in_o the_o statute_n of_o 1._o eliz._n 1._o and_o 8._o eliz._n 10._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o if_o any_o person_n shall_v by_o write_v 10._o print_v teach_v or_o preach_v extol_v etc._n etc._n the_o authority_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n or_o by_o any_o speech_n deed_n or_o open_a act_n attribute_v any_o authority_n here_o in_o england_n to_o the_o say_a bishop_n he_o shall_v incur_v the_o penalty_n mention_v in_o that_o statute_n agreeable_a to_o the_o former_a statute_n be_v 13_o eliz._n 12_o c._n 12._o be_v the_o act_n make_v for_o the_o subscription_n to_o the_o article_n of_o religion_n then_o new_o model_v into_o a_o public_a form_n of_o confession_n of_o faith_n the_o word_n of_o the_o act_n be_v these_o if_o any_o such_o ecclesiastical_a person_n shall_v advise_o maintain_v or_o affirm_v any_o doctrine_n direct_o contrary_a or_o repugnant_a to_o the_o say_a 39_o article_n and_o shall_v persist_v therein_o and_o not_o revoke_v his_o error_n such_o maintain_v or_o affirm_v and_o persist_v shall_v be_v just_a cause_n to_o deprive_v such_o person_n of_o his_o ecclesiastical_a promotion_n upon_o which_o statute_n these_o thing_n be_v observable_a first_o that_o these_o subscription_n be_v concerning_o matter_n of_o faith_n be_v require_v of_o scholar_n and_o divine_n upon_o their_o pretence_n to_o church_n preferment_n not_o of_o lay_v person_n to_o dispossess_v they_o of_o their_o temporal_a inheritance_n second_o they_o must_v maintain_v or_o affirm_v some_o doctrine_n opposite_a to_o these_o article_n to_o bring_v they_o within_o the_o penalty_n of_o that_o law_n so_o that_o the_o believe_v only_o of_o the_o contrary_a be_v not_o sufficient_a three_o such_o maintain_v or_o affirm_v be_v to_o be_v voluntary_a and_o not_o draw_v out_o of_o they_o by_o the_o rack_n of_o a_o oath_n four_o it_o be_v make_v a_o cause_n of_o deprivation_n must_v be_v by_o witness_n and_o not_o by_o the_o enforce_a abjuration_n of_o the_o party_n five_o they_o be_v to_o lose_v only_o their_o ecclesiastical_a promotion_n and_o not_o to_o be_v deprive_v of_o their_o temporal_a estate_n not_o one_o of_o these_o so_o rational_a and_o necessary_a caution_n be_v at_o all_o now_o consider_v in_o the_o modern_a proceed_n against_o papist_n but_o the_o most_o unlearned_a tradesman_n and_o ignorant_a woman_n among_o they_o be_v compel_v to_o accuse_v themselves_o their_o judge_n never_o ask_v after_o witness_n and_o this_o under_o forfeiture_n of_o full_a two_o three_o of_o all_o their_o good_n and_o land_n and_o even_o in_o the_o last_o parliament_n many_o ordinance_n have_v follow_v the_o same_o way_n of_o prohibit_v external_a disorder_n itself_o occasion_v from_o difference_n in_o opinion_n but_o not_o precise_o for_o the_o bare_a difference_n in_o opinion_n as_o that_o of_o the_o 11_o aug._n 1645._o make_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o 1645._o wherein_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o what_o person_n soever_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o bring_v the_o directory_n into_o contempt_n or_o raise_v any_o opposition_n against_o it_o or_o shall_v practise_v write_v or_o print_v or_o cause_n to_o be_v write_v or_o print_v any_o thing_n in_o derogation_n or_o deprave_v of_o the_o say_a directory_n shall_v lose_v and_o forfeit_v for_o such_o offence_n such_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n as_o shall_v at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o conviction_n be_v think_v fit_a to_o be_v impose_v upon_o he_o by_o he_o before_o who_o he_o shall_v have_v his_o trial_n conformable_a to_o this_o be_v a_o order_n make_v in_o parliament_n decemb._n 1646._o 22._o 1646._o the_o parliament_n take_v into_o consideration_n that_o some_o anabaptist_n and_o other_o sectary_n have_v disturb_v the_o minister_n and_o congregation_n in_o some_o church_n of_o this_o realm_n in_o disparagement_n of_o the_o law_n statute_n and_o government_n thereof_o do_v order_n that_o the_o constable_n and_o headborough_n within_o their_o several_a parish_n etc._n etc._n shall_v arrest_v the_o body_n of_o all_o such_o person_n as_o shall_v disturb_v any_o minister_n in_o holy_a order_n whilst_o he_o be_v in_o place_n of_o exercise_v his_o public_a call_v by_o speak_v to_o he_o or_o use_v irreverent_a gesture_n or_o action_n and_o that_o they_o carry_v the_o body_n of_o such_o offender_n before_o some_o justice_n of_o peace_n of_o the_o same_o county_n to_o be_v deal_v with_o as_o to_o justice_n shall_v appertain_v so_o likewise_o 9_o 1650._o aug._n 1650._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o every_o person_n that_o shall_v presume_v avow_o by_o word_n to_o profess_v or_o shall_v by_o writing_n proceed_v to_o affirm_v any_o blasphemous_a atheistical_a or_o execrable_a opinion_n derogatory_a to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n such_o person_n so_o avow_o profess_v maintain_v or_o publish_v the_o say_a opinion_n or_o any_o of_o they_o shall_v incur_v the_o penalty_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n which_o show_v plain_o that_o the_o last_o parliament_n think_v it_o not_o fit_a to_o punish_v any_o for_o erroneous_a opinion_n though_o of_o the_o high_a nature_n if_o the_o party_n shall_v only_o believe_v they_o in_o his_o heart_n and_o keep_v they_o within_o his_o own_o breast_n last_o as_o a_o final_a decision_n of_o this_o point_n and_o full_a satisfaction_n of_o those_o objection_n which_o some_o make_v against_o the_o validity_n of_o a_o ordinance_n it_o be_v enact_v 17_o car._n by_o the_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o that_o no_o person_n whatsoever_o exercise_v any_o ecclesiastical_a much_o less_o temporal_a jurisdiction_n shall_v tender_v any_o oath_n to_o any_o person_n either_o ex_fw-la officio_fw-la or_o at_o the_o instance_n of_o any_o whosoever_o whereby_o he_o may_v be_v charge_v to_o confess_v or_o accuse_v himself_o of_o any_o crime_n and_o so_o expose_v himself_o to_o punishment_n than_o which_o no_o clear_a or_o more_o definitive_a sentence_n can_v be_v imagine_v and_o which_o be_v very_o observable_a never_o in_o former_a time_n be_v any_o abjuration_n require_v but_o of_o such_o as_o be_v first_o legal_o convict_v of_o heresy_n never_o till_o these_o time_n be_v the_o abjuration_n itself_o make_v the_o conviction_n 15_o and_o therefore_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o hen._n 4._o 15._o these_o two_o condition_n be_v punctual_o express_v that_o in_o case_n of_o abjuration_n the_o opinion_n to_o be_v abjure_v be_v a_o know_a heresy_n and_o the_o party_n to_o abjure_v be_v legal_o find_v guilty_a before_o they_o proceed_v to_o exact_v his_o abjuration_n according_a to_o this_o tenor_n run_v many_o other_o statute_n both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a which_o my_o design_n of_o brevity_n enforce_v i_o to_o omit_v and_o the_o full_a sufficiency_n of_o the_o law_n already_o cite_v render_v altogether_o unnecessary_a only_o i_o shall_v desire_v leave_n to_o extract_v these_o few_o sound_n and_o excellent_a word_n out_o of_o the_o petition_n of_o right_n 3_o car._n that_o no_o free_a man_n be_v compel_v to_o take_v any_o oath_n not_o warrant_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n this_o be_v then_o conclude_v that_o thought_n be_v free_a from_o all_o human_a law_n and_o self_n accusation_n contrary_a to_o the_o english_a law_n it_o be_v
preamble_n whereof_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o recite_v the_o calamity_n of_o the_o war_n declare_v that_o all_o the_o sequester_a estate_n shall_v be_v apply_v towards_o the_o supportation_n of_o the_o great_a charge_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o in_o the_o first_o instruction_n to_o the_o committee_n they_o be_v charge_v to_o use_v their_o best_a care_n and_o diligence_n for_o the_o speedy_a execution_n of_o the_o ordinance_n for_o sequestration_n as_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a necessity_n and_o importance_n for_o the_o subsistence_n of_o the_o army_n 511._o and_o observe_v some_o slowness_n in_o the_o committee_n the_o earl_n of_o manchester_n a_o commander_n in_o chief_a be_v empower_v to_o execute_v that_o ordinance_n and_o the_o sequestrator_n command_v to_o pay_v the_o money_n they_o raise_v to_o the_o committee_n of_o the_o army_n one_o other_o argument_n there_o be_v that_o incline_v i_o to_o believe_v the_o parliament_n intend_v this_o ordinance_n only_o as_o a_o provision_n in_o those_o distract_a time_n and_o not_o as_o a_o stand_a law_n for_o ever_o else_o sure_o they_o will_v never_o have_v put_v into_o their_o commission_n so_o slight_a a_o thing_n as_o a_o bailiff_n of_o a_o corporation_n be_v it_o handsome_a that_o the_o mayor_n of_o rising_n shall_v come_v down_o from_o thatch_v some_o trivial_a alehouse_n to_o tender_v the_o oath_n of_o abjuration_n to_o the_o noble_a earl_n of_o arundel_n or_o indeed_o how_o shall_v a_o common_a tradesman_n who_o without_o breach_n of_o charity_n we_o may_v presume_v can_v neither_o write_v nor_o read_v know_v what_o he_o do_v when_o he_o command_v other_o to_o forswear_v such_o hard_a long_a word_n as_o supremacy_n purgatory_n and_o transubstantiation_n what_o shall_v we_o that_o accuse_v the_o papist_n of_o blind_a obedience_n say_v to_o ourselves_o when_o our_o very_a leader_n be_v so_o shortsighted_a it_o be_v true_a all_o these_o fair_a and_o just_a exception_n be_v full_o answer_v by_o this_o one_o word_n necessity_n a_o heteroclyte_n that_o have_v no_o rule_n no_o law_n and_o therefore_o as_o it_o be_v without_o law_n to_o be_v judge_v without_o law_n but_o then_o at_o least_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o law_n unto_o itself_o that_o be_v confine_v to_o circumstance_n wherein_o there_o be_v a_o true_a and_o real_a necessity_n and_o therefore_o during_o the_o furious_a violence_n and_o career_n of_o war_n such_o summary_a proceed_n to_o prove_v without_o witness_n and_o condemn_v without_o juror_n may_v easy_o find_v excuse_n but_o be_v restore_v now_o to_o a_o perfect_a calm_a and_o universal_a peace_n we_o be_v certain_o oblige_v to_o return_v again_o to_o the_o know_a english_a trial_n by_o indictment_n and_o conviction_n and_o not_o continue_v still_o throw_v our_o neighbour_n good_n overboard_o so_o long_o after_o the_o storm_n be_v end_v if_o any_o object_n though_o the_o reason_n of_o necessity_n remain_v now_o no_o long_o since_o the_o gate_n of_o westminster_n hall_n be_v open_a and_o the_o old_a crowd_n of_o suitor_n march_v peaceable_o there_o under_o the_o scotch_a colour_n yet_o the_o supreme_a authority_n of_o the_o nation_n be_v bind_v to_o render_v no_o other_o account_n of_o their_o act_n than_o the_o french_a king_n of_o his_o edict_n which_o always_o close_o with_o this_o frank_n and_o resolute_a period_n car_n tel_fw-fr est_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr plaisir_fw-fr i_o reply_v first_o that_o such_o objection_n seem_v rather_o to_o accuse_v the_o government_n of_o tyranny_n then_o faithful_o defend_v its_o authority_n no_o sound_n approach_v so_o nigh_o antipathy_n to_o a_o english_a ear_n as_o that_o of_o be_v under_o a_o absolute_a and_o unlimited_a master_n whether_o that_o boundless_a and_o uncontrollable_a power_n be_v lodge_v in_o the_o single_a person_n of_o a_o king_n or_o the_o multiply_v of_o a_o council_n when_o by_o the_o change_n of_o circumstance_n any_o law_n become_v unfit_a to_o be_v continue_v we_o be_v not_o forbid_v to_o represent_v even_o to_o the_o high_a power_n our_o reason_n for_o a_o repeal_v if_o we_o carry_v our_o address_n with_o such_o regard_n that_o they_o appear_v to_o intend_v a_o reformation_n of_o the_o error_n not_o correction_n of_o our_o superior_n in_o which_o respect_n never_o do_v any_o parliament_n give_v such_o high_a hope_n of_o a_o thorough_a redress_n as_o that_o which_o late_o sit_v by_o erect_v so_o careful_o those_o two_o grand_a committee_n for_o regulate_v the_o law_n and_o propagate_a the_o gospel_n by_o invite_v so_o solemn_o all_o that_o will_v offer_v their_o proposal_n to_o come_v into_o their_o assistance_n and_o as_o the_o whole_a nation_n remain_v infinite_o bind_v to_o the_o solicitude_n of_o the_o army_n for_o who_o satisfaction_n both_o those_o committee_n be_v establish_v so_o be_v we_o all_o no_o less_o oblige_v to_o the_o zeal_n of_o the_o general_n by_o who_o personal_a presence_n every_o day_n at_o that_o of_o religion_n it_o receive_v so_o great_a countenance_n and_o encouragement_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o entertain_v the_o least_o suspicion_n that_o these_o few_o thought_n of_o i_o shall_v beget_v any_o offence_n since_o they_o aim_v only_o to_o propose_v the_o unsuitableness_n of_o this_o new_a uncharitable_a oath_n of_o abjuration_n to_o the_o ancient_a and_o best_a law_n of_o the_o land_n even_o the_o pope_n admit_v his_o subject_n when_o they_o apprehend_v some_o error_n in_o the_o proceed_n to_o appeal_v from_o himself_o misinform_v to_o himself_o better_o inform_v and_o yet_o we_o call_v his_o absolute_a ness_n a_o tyranny_n and_o their_o obedience_n blindness_n how_o much_o more_o than_o may_v those_o true_a lover_n of_o their_o country_n happiness_n promise_v themselves_o security_n if_o not_o acceptance_n from_o the_o parliament_n who_o either_o by_o humble_a petition_n or_o other_o modest_a and_o untumultuous_a way_n represent_v to_o their_o consideration_n any_o mis-practiseor_n inconvenience_n which_o in_o time_n may_v prove_v a_o dangerous_a precedent_n to_o the_o just_a liberty_n of_o their_o country_n what_o ever_o the_o supreme_a authority_n of_o a_o nation_n may_v by_o absolute_a prerogative_n command_n yet_o the_o supreme_a authority_n of_o this_o have_v always_o disclaim_v such_o arbitrary_a dominion_n as_o tyrannical_a and_o often_o engage_v by_o most_o solemn_a declaration_n for_o the_o perpetual_a continuance_n to_o the_o people_n of_o the_o law_n they_o be_v acquaint_v with_o among_o which_o as_o there_o be_v none_o more_o fundamental_a and_o singular_a to_o the_o nation_n then_o the_o ancient_a trial_n by_o witness_n and_o verdict_n so_o we_o shall_v still_o endeavour_v to_o make_v more_o evident_a so_o important_a a_o truth_n by_o propose_v a_o short_a parallel_n between_o this_o oath_n of_o abjuration_n and_o that_o ex_fw-la officio_fw-la in_o the_o grand_a petition_n sign_v by_o the_o 9_o 1640._o lord_n and_o present_v to_o the_o late_a king_n at_o york_n we_o find_v this_o record_v as_o one_o of_o the_o principal_a grievance_n that_o many_o innovation_n in_o oath_n and_o canon_n have_v be_v late_o impose_v upon_o the_o clergy_n and_o other_o his_o majesty_n subject_n etc._n etc._n in_o redress_n of_o which_o mischievous_a encroachment_n upon_o our_o just_a liberty_n caroli_fw-la the_o late_a long_a parliament_n enact_v that_o no_o person_n exercise_v any_o ecclesiastical_a power_n or_o authority_n shall_v ex_fw-la officio_fw-la or_o at_o the_o instance_n or_o promotion_n of_o any_o person_n whatsoever_o urge_v enforce_v tender_a give_v or_o minister_v to_o any_o person_n whatsoever_o any_o oath_n whereby_o he_o shall_v or_o may_v be_v charge_v to_o confess_v or_o accuse_v himself_o of_o any_o crime_n offence_n delinquency_n misdemeanour_n matter_n or_o thing_n by_o reason_n whereof_o he_o shall_v or_o may_v be_v liable_a to_o any_o penalty_n or_o punishment_n whatsoever_o before_o which_o statute_n viz._n 1607._o the_o unreasonableness_n and_o illegality_n of_o that_o oath_n have_v be_v clear_o convince_v by_o a_o learned_a treatise_n of_o oath_n purposely_o write_v against_o it_o as_o also_o by_o m._n fuller_n in_o his_o argument_n at_o the_o than_o king_n bench_n against_o some_o branch_n of_o the_o high_a commission_n court_n both_o which_o pursue_v their_o point_n so_o efficacious_o that_o the_o grievance_n they_o oppose_v be_v unanimous_o condemn_v as_o intolerable_a abuse_n and_o certain_o no_o mathematical_a demonstration_n can_v bear_v a_o high_a and_o clear_a evidence_n then_o that_o the_o principal_a reason_n which_o i_o have_v here_o collect_v out_o of_o both_o those_o treatise_n against_o that_o oath_n ex_fw-la officio_fw-la be_v more_o strong_o appiable_a to_o this_o of_o abjuration_n thus_o than_o they_o begin_v their_o just_a charge_n upon_o that_o unjust_a oath_n first_o that_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o fundamental_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o this_o nation_n the_o party_n examine_v be_v thereby_o force_v to_o swear_v against_o himself_o in_o a_o criminal_a cause_n before_o he_o know_v his_o