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A64622 A body of divinitie, or, The summe and substance of Christian religion catechistically propounded, and explained, by way of question and answer : methodically and familiarly handled / composed long since by James Vsher B. of Armagh, and at the earnest desires of divers godly Christians now printed and published ; whereunto is adjoyned a tract, intituled Immanvel, or, The mystery of the incarnation of the Son of God heretofore writen [sic] and published by the same authour.; Body of divinity Ussher, James, 1581-1656.; Downame, John, d. 1652. 1645 (1645) Wing U151; ESTC R19025 516,207 504

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things concerning God wherein consisteth his Priestly office Heb. 2. 17. 5. 1. 7. 24. The second in things concerning man wherein he exerciseth his Propheticall and Kingly function Why must he be a Priest To offer sacrifice for his Church and to reconcile us unto God Psa. 110. 4. Heb. 3. 1. 4. 14. 5. 5 6. c. 7. 3. 17. 8. 2 3. 9. 11. 14. otherwise we should never have been justified nor sanctified and so not have been at peace with God Why must he be a Prophet Doctor or Apostle To teach his Church Deut. 18. 15. 18. Act. 3. 22. 7. 37. Luke 4. 18. otherwise we should never have known God nor the things that belong unto him Joh. 1. 18. Why must he be a King or Prince To rule and govern his Church Psal. 110. 1 2 3. Luk. 1. 33. otherwise we should never have been delivered from the captivity of sin and Satan nor be put in possession of eternall life What is his Priesthood It is the first part of his mediation whereby he worketh the means of salvation in the behalf of mankind and so appeaseth and reconcileth God to his elect Heb. 5. 5 c. and 7. 1. 3. 13. 17 c. and 13. 11 12. Where is the doctrine of Christs Priesthood especially handled In the Epistle to the Hebrews and namely in the 7 Chapter from the 13. ver to the end wherein is contained a declaration of his office of Priesthood being compared with the Priesthood of Aaron the Apostle shewing 1. What manner of one he ought to be that hath this office 2. How he executeth it Wherein standeth the manner of him that shall have this office Partly without him and partly within himself without him as first that he was chosen of the Tribe of Judah and not of Levi to shew that he was not successor of Aaron but rather was to abolish all those Ceremoniall services and offices Secondly that the Priests of Levi were appointed by the law of the fleshly commandement whereas Christ was appointed by the law of the power of life Thirdly that he was installed in it by his Father and appointed by an oath for ever to be a Priest after a new order of Melchisedec What benefit ariseth to us in that this was confirmed by an oath It giveth unto us comfortable assurance that all the parts of his Priesthood be performed unto us and that he paid the ransome for our sins Was not the Word of God sufficient for the performance of this promise without the binding of it with an oath Yes doubtlesse but the Lord in this promise having to deal with weak man and willing more abundantly to shew unto the heires of promise the stablenesse of his Counsell bound himself by an oath Heb. 6. 17. Whereby is the perpetuity thereof confirmed In that it did not proceed by succession as from Aaron to Eleazar from Eleazar to Phinehas and so by descent but is everlasting always abiding in him which is another difference of their Priestly office What profit comes to us by the perpetuity of his Priesthood That he continually maketh intercession for us to God and of himself alone is able to save us comming to the Father through him So much of the quality of him that is to be Priest which is without him what is the part that is within him 1. That in himself he is holy 2. To others harmlesse and innocent 3. Undefiled of others or of any thing and to speak in a word he is separated from sinners in all which he differeth from that of Aaron for they are neither holy in themselves nor innocent neither undefiled but polluting and being polluted by others What is the fruit we gather of this his holinesse innocency and undefilednesse That he being holy innocent undefiled and so consequently separated from sinners the same is attributed to the faithfull and these his properties imputed for theirs and therefore he freeth them both from originall and actuall sins Contrary to their doctrine who say that he delivereth us from originall sin onely and that we must make satisfaction for actuall What is the difference touching the execution of this office 1. That they offered first for themselves he for the people only for himself he needed not 2. He but once they many times 3. He offered himself they something else then themselves What is the use of this To prove the absolutenesse perfection and excellency of this his Priesthood May not the Priesthood of the Papists be overthrown by all these arguments and proved to be a false Priesthood Yes verily for 1. They are not of the Title of Judah and so cannot succeed our Saviour 2. They are not confirmed by an oath from God and therefore not perpetuall 3. They are not as he was holy in themselves but unholy neither innocent nor undefiled but defiling others and being defiled of them and so not separated from sinners but altogether sinfull and set in sin 4. They offer first for themselves then for the people likewise many times 5. They offer sacrifices which are not themselves 6. They bring a great disgrace to the Priesthood of Christ by preferring themselves to him as the sacrificer to the sacrifice whom they say they offer 7. Christ hath a Priest hood that passeth not away What comfort have we by the Priesthood of Christ Hereby we are assured that he is our Mediatour and that we also are made Priests VVhat need was there of such a Mediatour Between parties so disagreeing the one of finite nature offending the other of infinite nature offended the one utterly disabled to do any the least good 2 Cor. 3. 5. or satisfie for the least sin Job 9. 3. the other requiring perfect obedience Deut. 27. 26. and satisfaction Mat. 18. 34. what agreement could there be without a Mediatour In this case what was this Mediatour to doe He was to work the means of our salvation and reconciliation to God 1. By making satisfaction for the sin of man 2. By making intercession Mat. 20. 18. Joh. 17. 19 20. Heb. 7. 24 25 26 27. therefore Jesus Christ our high Priest became obedient even unto the death offering up himself a sacrifice once for all to make a full satisfaction for all our sins and maketh continuall intercession to the Father in our name whereby the wrath of God is appeased his Justice is satisfied and we are reconciled VVherein then stands his satisfaction to Gods Justice which is the first part of his Priesthood In yeelding that perfect obedience whereupon dependeth the whole merit of our salvation Dan. 9. 24. Eph. 1. 2. 14 15 16. VVhat is the effect thereof towards us Redemption Luc. 1. 69. Heb. 9. 24 25. which is a deliverance of us from sin and the punishment thereof and a restoring of us to a better life then ever Adam had Rom. 5. 15 16 17. 1 Cor. 15. 45. For our Saviour Christ
life which is not plainely and sufficiently set forth in many places of Scripture by which other places that are abused by the Devill or his ministers may bee interpreted as our Saviour Christ giveth example Mat. 4. 6. when the Devill abused the Text of Scripture Psal. 91. 11. declaring that this place must bee so understood as it may agree with that most evident and expresse Commandement writen in Deut. 6. 16. Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God What bee the speciall uses of the Scripture rightly understood Two First to teach Doctrine by laying out the Truth and confuting errours Secondly to exhort out of it by stirring us to good and turning us back from evill whereunto belong those foure uses mentioned by the Apostle in 2 Tim. 3. 16. Two whereof are Theoricall pertaining to the information of our judgement in matters of Doctrine viz. first teaching of Truth secondly reproving or convincing of Errours Two are practicall pertaining to the direction of our life and actions viz. first reformation or correction of Vice under which is comprehended first Admonition secondly instruction or direction to good life under which is comprehended Exhortation and Consolation which is a speciall instruction to patience in adversities Rom. 15. 4. What persons are meet to read or heare the Scriptures The holy Scriptures are reverently and profitably to bee read and heard of all sorts and degrees of men and women and therefore to bee truely translated out of the originall Tongues into the language of every Nation which desireth to know them For the Lay people as well as the learned must read the Scriptures or heare them read both privately and openly so as they may receive profit by them and consequently in a tongue they understand 1 Cor. 14. 2. How doe you prove that the Scriptures ought to bee read and heard of all sorts of people First Deut. 31. 11 12. Moses commanded the book of the Law to bee read to all the children of Israel Men Women Children and Strangers that dwelt amongst them that they might thereby learn to feare the Lord their God and diligently to observe all the words of the Law Secondly Joshua 8. 34. there was not a word of all which Moses commanded that Joshua read not before all the Congregation of Israel with the Women and little ones and Strangers that were conversant among them so likewise did Josiah 2 King 23. 2. 2 Chro. 34. 30. and Ezra Nehem. 8. 2 3. Thirdly Psal. 1. 2. David sheweth this to bee the property of a godly man and pronounceth him to bee happy whose delight is in the Law of the Lord and studieth therein day and night Fourthly Matth. 22. 29. our Saviour teacheth that ignorance of the Scriptures is the mother of errour not the mother of devotion as the Papists have affirmed Fifthly Joh. 5. 39. Christ commandeth all men that seek eternall life in him to search the Scriptures Search the Scriptures for in them yee think to have eternall life c. Sixthly Act. 17. 11. the Bereans are commended for searching the Scriptures Seventhly 2 Tim. 3. 15. the Apostle Paul approved in Timothy that hee had learned the holy Scriptures from a young childe Eighthy 2 Pet. 1. 19. the Apostle Peter commendeth the faithfull for taking heed to the Scriptures of the Apostles Ninthly Rev. 1. 3. Blessed is hee that readeth and they that hear the word of this Prophesie Tenthly Col. 3. 16. Let the Word of Christ dwell richly in you in all wisdome Eleventhly Rom. 15. 4. Whatsoever things were writen afore time were writen for our learning that wee through patience and comfort of the Scriptures might have hope if the Scriptures bee writen for our learning they are necessarily to bee read by us Twelfthly Rom. 7. 7. Paul saith hee knew not sin but by the Law but the knowledge of sin is necessary for all that will repent and bee saved therefore also is the knowledge of the Law necessary Thirteenthly Luke saith that hee wrote the Gospel to Theophilus that hee might know the certainty of those things which before hee was catechised in Luk. 1. 4. but every one ought to labour to be most certain of their salvation c. Divers things are opposed by the adversaries against the necessity of the Scriptures and the reading of them by all sorts as first there were many beleevers amongst the Gentiles in the time of the Old Testament who yet wanted the Scriptures which was kept in Jury as Job and his friends Those if any such were after the Law for Job was before were bound to have the Scripture when it was delivered by God and the Eunuch had it and read it Act. 8. 28. Object 2. The book of the Law was lost for many yeers as appeareth by 2 King 22. 8. and yet the Church was then therefore it may want it The losse of that book doth argue rather the carelesnesse of the Priests in not keeping it and the sins of the people in that God for a time deprived them of it Object 3. The Church of Christians many yeers after Christ wanted the Scriptures of the New Testament and contented themselves with bare teaching First though the Church for certain yeers then had not the New yet they had the Old Secondly there passed not many yeers before the Gospels and Epistles of the Apostles were writen and in the mean time their heavenly Doctrine inspired from God sufficed till they wrote Object 4. There bee many poore Country-men as Plough-men and Shepherds which never learned to read which yet are saved though they never read Scripture They ought to have learned to read and being not able to read they might heare the Scriptures read by others Object 5. If all ought to read Scriptures then should they understand Hebrew and Greek wherein the Scripture was writen It were happy if they could understand Hebrew and Greek but howsoever they may read Translations Will it not follow hereof that preaching and expounding of the Scriptures may bee neglected as unnecessary No for God hath appointed not onely reading but also preaching of his Word especially to apply it to the use of all sorts of men to their eternall salvation Rom. 10. 13 c. So were the Prophets Interpreters of the Law as is before shewed the Scribes and Pharisees taught in the Chaire of Moses Matth. 23. 2. The Eunuch could not understand the Prophesie of Isaiah without an interpreter Act. 8. 31. The Ministery of the Word therefore is necessary as the ordinary means unto salvation 1 Tim. 4. 16. and the people by reading and hearing of the Scriptures are better prepared to receive profit by preaching not discharged from hearing the Preacher What is the summe of all that hath been delivered hitherto That wee should labour for a due knowledge of the true God that wee may know what wee worship and worship what wee know 1 Chron. 28. 9. Joh. 4. 22. 17. 3. That this knowledge
speakings Prov. 12. 18. yet men in authority may use such tearmes as the sinne of those with whom they deale doth deserve What use are you to make of all this That according to the counsell of Saint Paul we see that no corrupt communication proceed out of our mouth but that which is good to the use of edifying that it may minister grace unto the hearers Ephes. 4. 29. that our speech be alwayes gracious seasoned with salt that we may know how we ought to answer every man Col. 4. 6. For as flesh in Summer if it be not poudred with salt will smell so will it be with them that have not their hearts seasoned with the word of truth And thence for want of care proceed angry wrathfull and loathsome speeches against our brother which are in the Scripture compared to Iuniper coales which burne most fiercely Psal. 120. 4. or to the pricking of a sword or a razor which cutteth most sharply Prov. 12. 18. Psal. 52. 2. Whereupon the tongue is by Saint James said to be an unruly evill set on fire of Hell Jam. 3. 6 8. We ought therefore to governe our tongues by the Word of God and take heed of vile speeches So much of our Gestures and our Words what is required in our deeds 1. That we doe good to our Neighbours so far as our power and calling will suffer 2. That we visit and comfort him in sicknesse and affliction Mat. 25. 36. Jam. 1. 27. 3. That we give meat drinke and cloth to the poore and needy 4. That we give reliefe to the distressed and succour to the oppressed Iob 29. 15 c. 5. That we foresee and prevent mischiefs before they come 6. That we rescue our Neighbour from danger and defend him with our hands if we can if we may What be the contrary sins forbidden 1. Oppression and cruelty in withdrawing the meanes of life Iam. 5. 4. as by usury and by letting out of land so that men cannot live by it c. 2. Not looking unto the sicke and those that be in distresse 3. Neglect of Hospitality especially to the poore which by the Commandement of God must be provided for 4. Not preventing mischiefe and turning away all stroaks from our Neighbours so much as in us lieth 5. Extremity and Cruelty in punishing where the correction is excessive Deut. 25. 3. 2 Cor. 11. 29. or is not inflicted in love of Iustice Deut. 16. 19 20. 6. All angry and despitefull striking how little soever it be 7. Fighting smiting wounding or maiming of the body of our brother or neighbour Iam. 4. 1. Lev. 24. 19 20. 8. The indangering or taking away of his life How is this done Either directly or indirectly How indirectly 1. When one defendeth himselfe with injury or purpose of revenge or to hurt his adversary and not onely to save himselfe Rom. 12. 21. Exod. 22. 2 3. 2. When women with childe either by mis-diet or streine by reaching violent exercise riding by Coach or otherwise and much more by dancing either hurt the fruit of their wombe or altogether miscarry 3. When children begotten in Fornication or Adultery are committed to them to keep which have no care of them 4. When those to whom it appertaineth doe not punish the breach of this Commandement Num. 35 31 32. Prov. 17. 15. 5. Keeping of harmfull beasts Exod. 21. 29. 6. All dangerous pastimes 7. When things are so made that men may take harme by them or such care is not had of them that ought to be as when the high-wayes and bridges are not mended or when staires are so made that they are like to hurt either children servants or others when Wells and Ditches or any such like dangerous places are not covered or fenced Exodus 21. 33. whereunto belongeth that the Lord commanded the Israelites to have Battlements upon their houses Deut. 22. 8. How directly When a man without a Calling doth actually take away the life of his brother Gen. 9. 6. otherwise then in case of publick Iustice Iohn 7. 19. just warre Deut 20. 12 13. or necessary defence Exod. 22. 2. How many sorts of this direct killing are there Three First Chance-medly Secondly Man-slaughter Thirdly Wilfull murther What is that which we call Chance-medley When it is simply against our will and we thinke nothing of it as he which felleth a tree and his Axe head falleth and hurteth and killeth a man Deut 19 4 5 which is the least sinne of the three and by mans Law deserveth not death and therefore by the Law of Moses in this case the benefit of Sanctuary was granted Exod. 21. 13. But how appeareth it to be a sinne at all 1. Because by the Law of Moses the party that committeth this ●act was to lose his liberty untill the death of the high Priest to signifie that he could not bee freed from the guilt thereof but by the death of Iesus Christ the great high Priest 2. Because it is a fruit of the sin of our first Parents who if they had stood in that integrity wherein God created them such an act as this should never have happened 3. Because there is some impudency in him that doth it and want of consideration What should this teach us To take heed of all occasions that may make us guilty of this sin What doe you account Man-slaughter When one killeth another in his owne defence whereunto also may be added If one should kill a man at unawares in hurling stones to no use Or if a drunkard in reeling should fell another whereof he should dye for this is different from that which commeth by chance-medley when a man is imployed in a good and lawfull worke What thinke you of killing one another and challenges to the field It deserveth death by the law of God and man What is wilfull Murther When a man advisedly wittingly and maliciously doth slay or poyson his Neighbour which is a sin of a high nature and at no hand by the Magistrate to be pardoned because thereby the Land is defiled Gen. 9. 5 6. Hos. 4. 2 3. Numb 35. 31 33 34. Deut. 21. 2 7 8 9. What reasons are there to set out the detestation of this sin 1. If a man deface the Image of a Prince he is severely punished how much more if he deface the Image of God Gen. 9. 6. 2. By the law of Moses if a beast an unreasonable creature had killed a man it should be slaine and the flesh of it though otherwise cleane was not to be eaten Exod. 21. 28. 3. By the same law if this sin goe unpunished God will require it at the place where it was committed and at the Magistrates hands Numb 35. 33. Hitherto of the duties of this Commandement belonging to the person of our Neighbour while he is alive What are they after his death They either concerne himselfe or those that pertaine to him What are the duties