long in skirmishyng that day with the Scottishmen retyred to Leith The nexte day the whole army with the great Artillery came forwarde towardes the towne and breakyng open the Cannogate Edenburgh entred by force they entred the towne by the same bryngyng their ordinaunce within sight of the Castell purposing to plante the same in battery agaynst it but the Capitayne of the castell caused the Artillery within to shoote of at them in so great aboundance and so good measure See more herof in EnglaÌ„d that they slew diuers Englishmen and dismounted one of their peeces so that in the ende they were constrayned to drawe backe their ordinaunce and retyred but yet in the meane time they set fire on the towne Edenburgh brent and breute the moste parte of all the houses in the same They brent also the Cannogate streete and the Abbey of holy roode house The Gouernour at that present released out of pryson the Erle of Angus Prysoners set at liberty the Lorde Maxwell the Master of Glencarne sir George Dowglas and others In this meane time also there came from the Bordures by lande foure thousande of English horsemenne vnder the conduction of the Lorde William Evers his sonne sir Raufe Evers who ioyning with the army at Leith skoured the countrey on euery side the towne of Edenburgh finally after that the English army had layne in Leith a certayne space Leith brent they brent that towne also and sent their shippes away fraught with pillage spoyles got aswell in that towne as in Edenburgh and abrode in the countrey backe towardes England And therewith the Erle of Hertford the Lord Admirall and others returned by land through the couÌ„try vnto Barwike as in the Englishe historie more at large appeareth Whylest the Englishe army was thus occupied in that part of ScotlaÌ„d the Erle of Lennox with an army of menne whiche he had raysed was ready to come on the backes of the Gouernour and his adherentes The Erle of Lennox if they had assembled their forces and come forewarde to haue gyuen the English men battayle For all this season the ciuill contention still continewed and sundry conflictes and skirmishes chanced betwixt the parties The English army hauing brente Edenburgh and harried the countrey aboute departed from Leith whiche towne they also brent and drew homewardes brenning and spoyling sundry Castelles Piles Villages Townes in their way Also where the Lorde Maxwell came in to the Erle of Hertforde for his double dealyng hee was stayed and brought into Englande Shortly after the returne of the English armie the Gouernour and the Lord Boyd came with an army to besiege the Castell of Glasquo which y e Erle of Lennox had lately againe recouered The Erle of Glencarne and other of the Erle of Lennox his friendes being at that present within Glasquo issued foorth vpon Glasquo Moore gaue the Gouernour battayle in the whiche the Larde of Campsketh mayster of the housholde to the Gouernour and vij The battayle of Glasquo wonne by the Gouernour score others of the surname of the HamiltoÌ„s loste their lyues but the victory yet remayned vpoÌ„ the Gouernours side Andrew Coningham sonne to the Erle of Glencarne Iames Coningham with George Tullough Captaine of the Erle of Lennox his shotte being slayne on that parte besides others of the meaner sorte Shortely after this ouerthrow the Erle of Lennox accompanied with Alexander the master of Glencarne otherwise called Lord of Kilmawse Walter Graham brother to the Erle of Montrose The Erle of Lennox goeth into England sir Iohn Borthwike knight and sundry other Gentlemen tooke the sea to passe into England arriued at Westchester aboute Midsomer passing from thence to the Court he was ioyfully receyued He marrieth the Lady Margaret Dowglas and immediatly therevpon was the mariage celebrated betwixt him and the Lady Margaret Dowglas daughter heyre to the Erle of Angus to Margaret his wife queene of Scottes sister to king Henry the eight at what time there was assured to him by way of inheritaunce Landes to the valewe of xvij hundreth markes of yearely rent of assise in consideration of this mariage with the Kings neece in recompence of landes loste by him in Fraunce to the whiche he was inheritour after the decease of Robert Steward Lorde Obenie Lord Obney one of the foure Marshals of Fraunce Moreouer kyng Henry beyng now vpon his iourney towards Bullongne aswell for the annoyance of his highnesse enimies in Scotland as for recouerie of the sayde Erles right in that realme The 〈◊〉 Lenâ—…e â—…neth â—…nto â—…land appointed the sayd Erle to enter Scotland in the moneth of August accoÌ„panied with sir Rise Maunffield sir Peter Mewtas knights M. Thomas Audley M. Thomas Brookes old M. Winter coÌ„pâ—…oller of the Kings ships his sonne sir William Winter that now is sundry other Capitaynes hauing vnder their charge two hundred hakebutters two hundred Archers with long vowes and two huÌ„dred armed pikes beside the Mariners belongyng to those shippes that were appoynted to goe foorth in this iourney beyng in number aboute xij or xiiij sayle belonging to Bristow and other of the West partes Vpon their arriual on the coast of Scotland they brent the Iâ—…e of Arrane and rased the gouernours Castell there to the grounde The Isle of Bute taken And afterwards arriuing at the Isle of Bute they entred the same and tooke the Castell of Rosey standing therein from whence the Stewardes kings of Scotland had theyr originall the Capitaine they had away prisoner with them into England Here also they tooke twoo Frenche shippes laden with wines and this done they entred the Firth of Clyde thinking to find none but their frendes in the Castell of Dunbertane but the truth is that in this meane time the Erle of Glencarne with sundry gentlemen being left in that Castell with the Capitayne thereof called Houson to keepe it in the name and to the behoufe of the Erle of Lennox were in his absence perswaded through practise of the queene Dowager not onely to renounce theyr promised faith to him in defrauding him of that Castell but also to entrappe and winde him within their daunger to take him prysoner For whiche purpose they so dissembled the matter that they had gotte him a lande onely with three hundred menne The Erle of Lennox in daunger to betrayed anâ—… taken and so farre foorth they were growen in talke that the Erle of Lennox beyng entred into the Castell with a fewe other with him the money was layde downe on the boorde to be payde to the Capitayne for his satisfaction But in the meane tyme the Erle of Lennox and suche as were with him perceyuing some treasonable practise in hande gotte foorth of the house agayne vnto theyr companie below leauing the money behinde them and after made shifte to gette to theyr shippes and not before it was high time for if they had stayed
This Earle of good meaning Pierce Butler and Margaret Fitz Girald espoused to vnite the houses in friendship matched his sister Margaret Fitz Giralde with Pierce Butler Earle of Ossorie whome he also help to recouer y e Erledome of Ormond into the which after the deceasse of the Earle Iames a Basterde Butler had by abatement intruded Greate and manifolde were the miseries the Lady Margaret susteyned hir husband Pierce Butler beeing so egrely pursued by the vsurper as hee durst not beare vp head but was forced to houer and lurke in Wooddes and Forrestes The noble woman being great with childe and vppon necessitie constreyned to vse a spare dyet for hir onely sustenaunce was milke she longed sore for wine and calling hyr Lorde and a trusty seruaunte of hys Iames White Iames White vnto hir shee requested them both to helpe hyr to some Wyne for shee was not able any longer to endure so streight a life Truely Margaret quoth the Earle of Ossorie thou shalt haue store of Wine within thys foure and twentie houres or else thou shalte feede alone on milke for me The nexte daye following Pierce hauyng intelligence that hys enimie the bace Butler woulde haue trauayled from Donmore to Kilkennie notwithstanding hee were accompanyed with syxe horsemenne yet Pierce hauyng none but hys Lackey did forstalle hym in the way and with a couragious charge The Basterde Butler slayne◅ gored the Basterd through with his speare Thys prosperous calme succeeding the former boysterous storme the Lady Margaret began to take hearte hir naturall stoutenesse floted as well by the remembraunce of hir noble birth as by the intelligence of hir honorable match Kildare all this while kept in authoritie notwithstanding the pushes giuen againste him by secrete heauers that enuyed his fortune and sought to nourish the olde grudge was at lēgth by their priuie packing Kildare sent for into England fetched vp to the Court of Englande by commission and caused hym to bee examined vppon dyuers interrogatories touching the affayres of Irelande Maurice Fitz Thomas Lord Iustice Hee left in hys roomth Maurice Fitz Thomas of Lackragh Lorde Iustice and shortly after came ouer Lorde Lieutenaunt Thomas Howarde Earle of Surrey who was after Duke of Northfolke Surrey Lord Lieutenant of Irelande 1521 Grandfather to the last Duke accompanyed with two hundred yeomen of the Crowne before whome shortly after his repaire thither there was a Parliamente holden at Dublin A Parliamente holden at Dublin in whiche there past an acte that al wilful burning of corne as wel in reekes in the fields as in Villages and Townes shuld be high treason Item an acte agaynste lodyng wolles and floxe vppon payne of forfayture of the double value of the same the one halfe to the Kyng and the other halfe to him that will sue therefore Item that any person seised of lands rentes or tenementes in possession or in vse vnto the yerely value of tenne markes aboue the charges in fee simple fee tayle or for tearme of lyfe copy holde or aunciente demeane shall passe in euery attaint While the Lord Lieutenante sate at dynner in the Castle of Dublin The Moores in Rebellion hee hearde newes that the Moores with a mayne army were euen at the entrie of the bordures readye to inuade the English pale Immediately menne were leuyed by Iohn Fitz Simons Iohn Fitz Simons then Maior of Dublin and the nexte morrowe ioyning them to his hande the Lieutenant marched towardes the Frontiers of Leixe The Moores vppon the Lieutenant hys approche seuered themselues into sundry companies and vnderstandyng that the carriage was dragging after the army and slenderly māned certayne of them charged the Lieutenante hys seruauntes and suche of the Citizens as were appoynted to guarde the carriage Patricke Fitz Simons a strong sturdy yonker Patricke Fitz Simons kept the enimies such tacke as he seazed part of them away rescued the carriage slewe two of the Rebelles and broughte their heads wyth him to maister Maior his tent The next morning two of the Lieutenaunte his men that slunke away from Fitz Simons thinking that the carriage had bin lost aduertised their Lorde that Fitz Simons fledde away and the Moores were so many in companie as it had bin but folly for two to bicker with so great a number The Lieutenante posted in a rage to the Maior his pauilion telling hym that his man Fitz Simons was a cowardly Traytor in rūning away when hee shoulde haue defended the carriage What am I my Lord quoth Patricke Fitz Simons skipping in his shirt out of the tente with both the heads in his hand My Lorde I am no cowarde I stoode to my tacklings when your men gaue me the slippe I rescued the carriage and haue heere sufficiente tokens of my manhoode tumbling downe both the heads Saist thou so Fitz Simons quoth the Lieutenant I crie thee mercie and by this George A valiant wish I woulde to God it had bin my good bap ▪ to haue bin in thy companie in that skirmish So drinking to Fitz Simons in a bolle of wine and honorably rewarding him for his good seruice he returned to his pauiliō where hauing knowledge of Omore his recule he pursued him with a troupe of horsemen The Lieutenant thus passing forward The Earle of Surrey in daunger to haue bin slai◅ was espyed by a gunner of Omores who lodged close in a woodde side and watching hys time hee discharged his peece at the verye face of the Lieutenante strake the viser off hys helmet and pierced no further as God would This did he retchlesse in manner what became of himselfe so hee might amaze the armye for a time and surely hereby he brake the swiftnes of their following and aduantaged the flight of his Captaine which thing hee wanne with the price of his owne bloud For the Souldyers would no further till they hadde ransackt all the nookes of thys woodde verily suspecting some ambush thereabout and in seueral knottes ferretted out thys gunner Fitz Williams Bedlowe whome Fitz Williams and Bedlowe of the Roche were fayne to mangle and hew in peeces bycause the wretche would neuer yeelde In the meane whyle 1523 Surrey sent for home defyance was proclaymed with Fraunce and Scotlande both at once whiche moued the Kyng to call home Surrey out of Irelande that hee myghte employ hym in those warres Hys prowesse integritie good nature and course of gouernement the Countrey muche commended Piers Butler Earle of Ossory Piers Butler Earle of Ossorie Lord Deputie was appoynted Lorde Deputie In the meane time Kildare attending the King his pleasure for his dispatche recouered fauoure through the instance of the Marques Dorset whose daughter dame Elizabeth Grey he espoused and so departed home 1524 Robert Talbot of Belgard Now was partaker of all y e Deputies counsell one Roberte Talbot of Belgarde whome the Giraldines deadly hated him they procured to keepe a Kalender of all
shoulde the other giue place He receyueth an othe not to infringe the statutes of Oxforde On the Morow after the king of Almaine receiued the othe in the presence of Richard Erle of Gloucester and others within the Chapter house of CaÌ„terburie And on the day of the Purification of our Ladie the two kings with their Queenes and a great number of other noble personages made their entrie into the Citie of London Richarde Gray Conestable of the Castell of Douer and Lord Warden of the fiue portes was this yeare remoued by the Lorde chiefe Iustice â—…hard Gray â—…harged of â—…fice of â—…d Warden Hugh Bygod who tooke into his owne handes the custodie of the sayd Castell and portes The cause why the sayd Richard Gray was discharged we finde to haue fallen out by this meanes He suffered a Frier minor called Walascho â—…scho a 〈◊〉 sent froÌ„ Pope coÌ„ming from the Pope bycause he had the kings letters vnder the great seale to enter the land not staying him nor warning the Lordes of his coÌ„ming coÌ„trary as it was interpreted vnto the articles of their prouisioÌ„s enacted at Oxford This Frier in deed was sent from the Pope to haue restored Athilmarus or Odomarus as some write him the kings halfe brother vnto the possessions of the Bishoprike of Winchester to the which he had bene long before elected but the Lordes were so bent agaynst him that vpon such suggestions as they layde forth Walascho refrayned from doing that which he had in commaundement returned to make report what he vnderstand so that Odomare was nowe as farre from his purpose as before About the feast of Saint Michael The Bishop of Bangor sent froÌ„ the Prince of Wales to king Henrie the Bishop of Bangor was sent from Llewellin Prince of Wales vnto the King of Englande to make offer on the behalfe of the sayd Llewellin and other the Lordes of Wales of .xvj. thousande poundes of siluer for a peace to be had betwixt the king them and that they might come to Chester The WelchmeÌ„ offer to resort vnto Chester and there haue their matters heard determined as in time past they had bene accustomed But what answere at his returne was giuen to this Bishop by the king and his nobles it is vncertaine In the .xliiij. of king Henries raigne the Friday following the feast of Simon and Iude An. reg 44. A Parliament in Parliament holden at Westminster were read in presence of all the Lordes and commons the actes and ordinaunces made in the Parliament holden at Oxford The statutes of Oxford read and the breakers of the same denounced accursed with certaine other articles by the gouernours there vnto added and annexed After the reading wherof the Archbishop of Canterburie being reuested with his Suffraganes to the number of .ix. Bishops besides Abbots and others denounced al them accursed that attempted in word or deed to breade the sayd statutes or any of them In the same Parliament was granted to the King a taske called Scutagium Escuage graunted or escuage y t is to meane .xl. shillings of euery knights see throughout England the which extended to a great summe of money For as diuers writers do agree Knights fees how manye were then in Englande there were in Englande at that time in possession of the spiritualtie and temporaltie beyond .xl. thousand knightes fees but almost halfe of them were in spirituall mens hands Fabian A Folkemore The 〈◊〉 day of Nouember the king came vnto Paules where by his coÌ„maundement was the Folkemote Court assembled and the king according to the former ordinances made The king asketh licence to passe the seas asked licence of the comunaltie of the Citie to passe the sea and promised there in the presence of a greate multitude of people by the mouth of Hugh Bygod hys chiefe Iustice to be good and gracious Lorde vnto the Citie and to mainteyne the lybertyes thereof vnhurt Herewith the people for ioy made a great shoute Mat. VVest The king sayleth ouer into Fraunce The .viij. day of Nouember hee rode through the Citie towards the sea syde and vpon the xiij day of Nouember he tooke the sea at Douer and arriued at Whitsand and so from thence hee rode vnto Paris where of the french king he was most honorably receyued The cause of his going ouer was chiefly to conclude some assured peace with the French king that he should not need to doubt any forraine enimies if he should come to haue warre with his owne people wherof he saw great likelihoodes 1260 He coÌ„pouÌ„deth all differences with the FreÌ„ch king and therefore he made suche agreement with king Lewes as in the French historie more at large appeareth which to be short I here omit This one thing is here to be noted that besides the money which king Henrie had in hande amouÌ„ting to the summe of an hundred fiftie M. Crownes for his resignation then made vnto Normandie Aniou and Maine it was accorded Polidor that he should receyue yearely in name of a trybute the summe of ten thousand crownes Nic. Triuet VVil. Risang Other write that he had three hundred thousande poundes of small Turon money which he receyued in readie payment and was promised restitution of landes to the value of .xx. thousand pounds of yearely rent And that after the decease of the French king that then was Mat. VVest the Countrey of Poictou should returne vnto the English dominion Some write that immediately after King Henrie had concluded this agreement hee began to repent himselfe thereof and would neuer receyue penie of the money nor leaue oute in hys stile the tytle of Duke of Normandie But it is rather to be thought that such an agreement was at poynt to haue beene concluded or at the least wise was had in talke but yet neuer concluded nor confirmed with handes and Seales as it ought to haue beene if they had gone through with it Dissention betwixt Prince Edwarde and the Erle of Gloucester In the meane time that king Henry was thus occupied in Fraunce dissention fell in Englande betwene prince Edward Richard Erle of Glocester for the appeasing whereof a Parliament was called at Westminster to y t which the lords came with great companies specially the saide Prince and Erle They intended to haue lodged within the Citie But the Maior going vnto the Bishop of Worcester to sir Hugh Bigot and to sir Philip Basset vnto whom and to the Archebishop of Canterburie the king had committed the rule of the laÌ„d in his absence required to know their pleasure herein Wherevpon they thought it good to haue the aduice of Richarde the king of Almaine and therevpon went to him where they concluded Pâ—… and the 〈◊〉 of Gâ—… are not 〈◊〉 to coâ—… 〈◊〉 in the Câ—… of Lâ—… that neither the sayde Prince nor Erle nor any of their partakers shoulde come within the
Mat. Paris K. Iohn borne In the Octaues of Easter king Henry came to an entervew with the Frenche King at Gysoures where they hadde conference together of sundrye matters Thys yeare the Queene was delyuered of a sonne named Iohn that was after king of this calme Gerua Dore. Moreouer kyng Henry calsyng a counsel of his Bishops and Barons there in Normandie a collection was ordeyned by their aduise to be made through all his countreys and dominions of two pence of the pounde of euery mans landes and goodes A coÌ„tribution iewells and apparell onely excepted to be payde this yeare .1166 and for the space of foure yeares nexte ensuyng one penye of euerye pounde to be payde yearely and those that hadde not the woorth in goodes or landes the value of twentie shillings and were yet householders or had any office they shoulde pay a penye to this contribution whiche was onely graunted for the reliefe of the Christians in the Easte partes and those that warred agaynste the misereantes there The payemente therof was appoynted to be made in the feaste daye of Saynte Remigius or within fifteene dayes after and all suche as departed this lyfe within the tearme that this collection was curraunt theyr debtes beyng payde were appoynted by the same ordinaunce to gyue the tenthe parte of all the residue of theyr goodes vnto this so necessarie a contribution King Henry remayning nowe in Normandie and vnderstanding that dyuers Lordes and Barons of Mayne and of the marches of Britayne woulde not in his absence shewe themselues obedient vnto his wyfe Quene Eleanor but were aboute to practise a rebellion He reysed an armie and wente agaynste them easily subduyng those whom be founde obstinate and besieging the Castell of Foulgiers The castell of Foulgiers Mat. Paris tooke and vtterly destroyed it Soone after the Archebishop of Canterbury came from Pountney to Vizeley Vizeley The Archebishop Becket accursed those in EnglaÌ„d that mainteyned the customes of their elders and there on the Ascention day when the Churche was moste full of people he got him into the Pulpet and with booke bell and candell solemnely accursed all the obseruers defendours and maynteynees with the promoters of suche customes as within the realme of Englande they terme the Customs of theyr elders And amongest other were namely accursed Richarde de Lucy Richarde the Archedeacon of Poyctiers Iocelyn de Bailleville Alane de Neuille and manye other But they beeing absente neyther called nor conuicte as they alleaged notwithstanding they were thus excommunicate sente theyr messengers vnto the Archebishoppe and appealed from hym and so feared not to enter into theyr churches He hadde before this written also vnto hys Suffraganes certayne Letters R. N. and in the same denounced some of these persones by expresse name accursed and also other not onely for mayntenyng the matter agaynst hym touching the aunciente custome of the Realme but also for the schisme reysed in Almayne by Reginald Archebishoppe of Coleyn for the which he accursed one Iohn of Oxforde Moreouer he accursed Raynulfe de Brocke Hugh Saynt Clere and Thomas Fitz Bernarde for violently seysing vpon and deteyning the goods and possessions belonging to his Archbishoprike without his consente or agreemente thervnto had The kyng on the other parte banished out of Englande and all the parties of his other dominions all those persons that were knowen to be of kinne vnto the Archebishoppe both yong and olde And furthermore he sent aduertisement to the Abbot of Pountney and to his Monkes with whom the Archebishoppe by the Popes appointmente remayned that if they kepte hym styll in theyr house he woulde not fayle to banyshe out of Englande alll the Monkes of their order And so the Archebishop of his owne accorde after he had remayned there vneth two yeares departed from thence and came to the kyng of Fraunce who courteously receyued hym and sent him to the Abbey of Saint Columbes nere to the Citie of Sins where he remayned a certayne season as shall be shewed hereafter Shortely after this Math. Paris Legates from the Pope came vnto Montmiâ—…iall two Legates from the Pope William of Pauia and Iohn of Naples bothe Cardinalles whome the Archbishoppe suspected rather to fauour the kings cause than hys yet he was conâ—…tuted that they shoulde haue the Iudgemente thereof committed vnto them so that fieth according to the rules of the Church there might restitution bee made bothe to hym and to hys of suche goodes as had bin taken from them For being dispoyled as he was he woulde not stande to any iudgement nor could not be compelled therevnto by anye reason as he sayde so that the two Legates when they sawe that they coald not bring any thing to passe departed againe without any thing concluded â—…omes Saâ—…â—…ensis About this time WilliaÌ„ Talvan erle of Sagium by the coÌ„sent of his sons and nephues deliuered into the handes of king Henry the castels of AleriuÌ„ â—… Triues â—…lerium and Roche Laberie with al the appurtenances to the same castels belonging About this season also Conane the Duke of Britayne departed this lyfe â—…onan Duke â—… Britayne deâ—…asseth Mat. Paris leauing behynd him â–ª no issue but one only daughter begot of his wife the Duchesse Constance â–ª the daughter of the K. of Scotlande which succeeded him in the astate Whervpon K. Henry made earnest sute to procure a mariage betwixte hir and his sonne Geffrey â—… mariage conâ—…uded betvvixt Geffrey â—…e kings sonne â—… the Duchesse â—… Britayne VV. Paruus whiche at length he brought to passe to the high comforte and contentation of his mynde in that his sonne had by such good fortune atteyned to the dukedome of Britayne There were in that season in Britayn certain noble meÌ„ of such strength power that they disdained to acknowledge theÌ„selues subiects to any superior power throgh ambitions desire of rule preemineÌ„ce they warred coÌ„tinually one against an other to the greate destruction and vtter vndoing of their miserable countrey so that the fieldes sometyme fruitfull and batefull by nature were become as a wylde desert Herevpon those that were the weaker partie perceiuing themselues too muche ouerpressed by their aduersaries submit themselues vnto king Henry requiring him of ayde and succour King Henrie reioycing to haue so good an occasion and oportunitie to reduce them to reason with all speede ayded them that required healpe and subdued those that resisted his power An reg 13. notwithstandyng their greate puissaunce and the strength of the places whiche they kept And in the meane while the kings sonne Henrye came ouer to his Father 1167. â—… Triues king HeÌ„ry inâ—…deth the erle â—…f Anuergnes â—â—dos and founde him at Poytiers from whence shortly after Easter he remoued and with an army entred into the landes of the Earle of Aluergue the which he wasted and spoyled bycause the sayd Earle had renounced his allegiance to King Henrye made
denyed the Nobles and other estates excusing the pouertie amongest all degrees of menne A subsedie demaunded and denied by many euident reasons Herevpon the Byshop of Winchester beeing a verye eloquent and well languaged man The Bishop of Winchesters counsell giuen to the king openly counsayleth the King to fauour his people whome hee had alreadie made poore and bare with continuall trybutes and exactions and if so it were that hee stoode in suche neede as was alledged that then he shoulde take into his hands again such possessions and things which during the time of his yong yeares hee had bestowed vpon his seruants without any good aduised consideration for lacke of rype iudgement and discretion and againe to take from certaine couetous persons who now were become Horsleches and Caterpyllers in the common welth all such offices as they helde and had verie much abvsed causing them to yeelde vp their accountes and to vse theÌ„ after the maner of sponges so that where hee had in tymes past made them full of moysture he might nowe wring them drie following herein the example of Vespasian And by this meanes it was not to be doubted but he shuld haue ynough of his owne without doing iniury to any man The king followeth the Bishop of Winchesters counsaile The king gaue verie good eare to the Byshoppes wordes and following his counsayle caused his receyuers treasurers and other suche as had medled wyth any of his receytes to come to a reckening And vnderstanding by the Auditours appoynted to take theyr accountes that the most parte of them had receyued much more and by other meanes than they had entred into theyr reckening he compelled them to restore it out of hand with interest Also he caused the Magistrates to be called to a reckening and many of them beeing conuicted of fraude were condemned to make restitution And amoÌ„g other Mat. Par. Ranulfe Brytainer Peter de Riuales Reynulf BrytoÌ„ treasorer of his chamber was put beside his office fined at M. markes in whose place was set Peter de Riuales or after some copies de Oruiales a Poictouin nephew or rather son to the Bishop of Winchester by whose aduice the king tooke a more straite account of his officers and often remoued suche as he adiudged guiltie The Earle of Kent discharged of his office of chiefe Iustice Mat. Par. At the same time also Hubert Erle of Kent was deposed from the office of high Iustice and Stephen Segraue appoynted in his roumth The said Hubert bycause he refused to satisfie a certaine duetie which was demaunded of him to the kings vse ranne so farre into his displeasure that he durst not abide hys sight The Earle of Kent taketh Sanctuarie but for safegarde of himselfe got him to the Abbey of Merton and there tooke Sanctuarie The king hearing of this his demeaner was so highly offended withall that he sent to the Londoners willing them to go thither and fetche him to his presence The Londoners which in no wise loued him bycause of the death of their Citizen Constantine were verie readie to accomplish this comaundement The Câ—… of Loâ—… good 〈◊〉 towarâ—… Earle 〈◊〉 insomuch that where the Maior ouernight late declared to them the effect of the kings commission there were .xx. M. of them in armor gotten forwarde early in the morning towards Merton in full hope nowe to be reuenged of him for the small good will that hee had borne vnto their citie heretofore But the king being informed by the Erle of Chester and others that if the Londoners being thus in armor in so great a number should coÌ„mit any other outrage by the way the matter might grow to some such inconuenience as would not easily be stayed he sent to them a countermaund to returne back to the citie againe which they did though sorie in their harts that they might not go through with their so desired an enterprise Furthermore see here the mutabilitie of fortune and hir inconstancie for now that the Erle of Kent was thus out of the kings fauour there were few or none of those whom he had before bin beneficiall vnto that shewed themselues as friends louers vnto him but al forsooke and were redie to say the worst of him except only the the Archbishop of Dubline who yet obteyned of the king respite for him to make answere vnto such things as shoulde lawfully be obiected agaynst him both for the debt which shoulde bee due to the king and also vpon poynts of treason which were now layde to his charge After this as the sayde Hubert would haue gone to S. Edmondsbury in Suffolk where his wife as then remayned he was apprehended at Burntwood in Essex within a Chapel there as sayth Fabian But as Math. Paris hath Mat. â—… sir Robert de Cranecombe with three hundred armed men was sent to apprehende him by the Kings commaundement and so he was taken in a village belonging to the Bishop of Norwiche in Essex and by the kings commaundement cast into prison but yet afterwardes he was recoÌ„ciled to the kings fauor after he had lien foure Monthes in prison and .xiij. Monethes banished the Court. In this yeare on the exaltation of the Crosse A subâ—… graâ—… a Parliaâ—… holden 〈◊〉 Lambâ—… at Lambeth in the assemble of the states there a subsedie was graunted to the king of the .xl. part of euerie mans goodes towardes the discharge of his debtes which he ought to the Earle of Brytayne Also in the beginning of the .xvij. An. Râ—… yeare of his raigne Raynulfe Earle of Chester and Lincolne departed thys lyfe the .xxvj. daye of October Mat. Pâ—… Ranchâ—… of Cheâ—… parteth 〈◊〉 life whose bodie was buried at Chester and his bowels at Walingford where he died This Erle Ranulf was thrice maried first to Constance daughter and keyre to Conan Earle of Brytayne and Richmonde Earle Pâ—… thrice 〈◊〉 and so in ryght of hir was intituled Earle of those two places which Constance had bin first maried vnto Geffrey the third sonne of king Henrie the seconde by whom shee had issue Arthure as before ye haue heard But by Erle Ranulfe she had no issue at all but was from him diuorced and afterwardes maried vnto Guy vicont de Touars Then after that Erle Ranulf was so deuorced from the sayd Constance â—…is ClemeÌ„ce 〈◊〉 daughter â—…le Ferrers he maried a Lady named Clemence and after hir deceasse he maried the thirde time the Ladie Margaret daughter to Humfrey de Bohun Erle of Hereford and Essex Conestable of England but he neuer had issue by any of those his wiues â—…e partition â—…is landes so that Iohn Scot hys nephew by his syster Mawde succeeded him in the Earledome of Chester and William Dalbeney Earle of Arundell nephew to him by his syster Mabell had the Manour of Barrow and other landes that belonged to the sayde Ranulfe of the yearely value of fiue hundred pounds Robert
that the most part of the corne rotted on the grounde and that which at length was got in remayned yet abrode all after Alhallowentide so vntemperate was the weather with excessiue weete and raine beyonde all measure â—…th of corn â—…ncreaseth Herevpon the dearth so encreased that euen those which had of late relieued other were in daunger to sterue themselues Fists and processions vsed Finally solemne fastes and generall Processions were made in diuerse places of the realm to appease Gods wrath and as it was thought their prayers were heard for the weather partly amended and by reason the same serued to get in some such corne as was not lost the price thereof in the Market fell halfe in halfe Richard Gray Lord warden of the portes The Chattellaine of Douer Richarde Gray looking diligently to his charge tooke a thousand marks which the Bishop of Winchester had sent thither to haue bin transported ouer into France Erlow the Popes nuntio returneth home Erlotus the Popes nuncio perceiuing the trouble that was like to ensue within the realme woulde no longer tary but wisely departed and got him home Herewith certaine wise personages were sent to Rome on the part of the king baronage to enforme the Pope in what state y e realm stood and to giue him to vnderstaÌ„d how grieuously the people had bene handled by the practise of certaine Romaine Prelates promoted in this lande This yere nere to Carmardin Patrik de Chanton lord of Kedwelli Hugh de Viun Mat. Parâ—… The Lordâ—… Kedwillyâ—… diuerse other both horsmen footmen were slain through treason by the WelchmeÌ„ yet it should appeare by Mat. Pa. that y e englishmeÌ„ procured this mischief to light on their own heads Mat. Paâ—… through their disloial dealing For where they wer come to the place to talke of an agreement some of the marchers supposing they had bin to stroÌ„g for y e WelchmeÌ„ perswaded the said L. of Kedwelly to assaile theÌ„ vpoÌ„ the sodain in hope to haue destroyed theÌ„ al but in the end y e englishmeÌ„ were distressed through y e valiancie of Dauid one of the sonnes of the great Llewillin other captains of the Welch nation Llewellin Mâ—… Neuerthelesse Mat. West sayth briefly that the English men were treasonably slaine so that it seemeth that Mathew Paris speaketh rather of an affection and good will whiche hee bare to the Welche proceedings in those dayes than otherwise â—…th Paris 〈◊〉 well afâ—…ed towards gouernâ—…t of the â—…me as it â—…n stoode For who that marketh the course of hys hystorie shall perceyue that he had no good liking of the state in those dayes neither concerning the ecclesiasticall nor temporal policie insomuch that hee sticketh not to commende the Welche men greatly for theyr holding togither against the oppression as he meaneth it of the English gouernmente and no doubte there was cause that moued him to such misliking namely the often payments and collections of money by the Popes agents and other suche misorders as dayly were permitted or rather maineteined to the enpouerishing of both the estates spirituall and temporall â—…dfrey de â—…on Archâ—…hop of Canâ—…burie Godfrey de Kynton was consecrated Archbishop of Canterburie at Rome about the feast of Christmasse last past and so returned froÌ„ thence home to his cure 〈◊〉 ordinance â—…yoâ—… exâ—…tion There was an ordinance made aboute thys time for punishment to be had of the extortion of Sherifes so that aswell the receyuer as the gyuer of brybes was punishable An. Reg. 43. â—…mbassadors â—…t to the couÌ„â—…l at Camâ—…ey The bishops of Worcester and Lincoln with the Earles of Norffolke and Leycester were sent ouer in Ambassade vnto a Councell holden at Cambrey for a league and peace to be concluded betwixt the kingdomes of England and France and also the Empire but bycause the French K. looked to haue the king of England there when he heard that the same king came not he also stayed at home and so no conclusion followed at that assemble â—…n CouÌ„tesse 〈◊〉 Pembroke Ioan Countesse of Pembrooke the wife of William de Valence the kings halfe brother demaunded hir right of dower in such landes as belonged to hir by title of inheritance At length she had to the value of fiue hundred markes assigned to hir of the same landes notwithstanding hir heritage amounted to the summe of a thousande markes and aboue of yearely reuenues but for that she shoulde not ayde hir husbande with part thereof the one halfe was thought sufficient for hir maintenance About Aduent next ensuing shee went ouer vnto hir husband either for the desire shee had to enioy his personall preseÌ„ce or for that she thought hirselfe not wel dealt with to be abridged of those reuenues which by right of inheritance were hir owne 〈◊〉 great temâ—…st of lightâ—…g and â—…nder In the first night of December there chaunced a maruelous sore tempest of lightning and thunder with mightie windes and raine as a token and signe of the troubles that after followed the more noted for that thunder in the winter season is not commonly heard of Guy de Rochford a Poictouin to whom about two yeares before the king had giuen the Castell of Rochester was now vanished the realme Guy de Rochford banished and depriued of all that he held within this lande About this season there rose great variance amongst the scholers of Oxford Variance and debate betwixt the students of Oxford being of sundrie Countreys as Scottish men Welchmen Northren men and Southren men they fel so farre at square that they raised Baners one against another and fought togither insomuch that diuerse were slaine and many hurt on both parties The Welchmen this yere notwithstanding their good successe had in these late warres considered with themselues that if the Barons of Englande did once ioyne in one knot of friendship they would with maine force easily subdue them The Welchmen seeke to agree with the king wherefore to preuent that which might chaunce vnto them by stubburne resistance they made suyte to be receyued into the kings peace offring to giue vnto him the summe of foure M. Markes and to his son the Lorde Edward three C. markes and to the Queene two C. marks The king yet would not accept those offers and so the matter depended in doubtfull balance a certaine time The Welchmen in the meane season attempted not any exployte but rather sate still in hope to come at length to some reasonable agreement The Monkes of Winchester meaning to prouide themselues of a bishop now that Athelmare alià s Odomare the kings halfe brother was banished the realme Henrie de Wingham elected Bishop of Wâ—…esteâ—… elected one Henrie de WinghaÌ„ the kings Chancellor in hope that the K. would be contented with his election and so he was but yet condicionally that if the Pope woulde allow his sayde halfe brother for Bishop then
the said Dauid with other lands in some other pâ—…e y t which after the decesse of the said Llewlin or Dauid should reuert agayne to the Kyng and his heyres â–ª For the assuraunce of whiche articles and couenaunts the Prince deliuered for hostages tenne persons of the best in Wales whiche he coulde get without imprisonment disenheriting or terme of deliuerance and of euery Candred twentye persones of the beste and moste sufficient to be chosen by suche as the Kyng shall thither yearely send â—… othe to be receyued shall be from yeare to yeare sworne vpon the Euangelists in presence of the bailifs of the said Llewellin that whensoeuer the Prince shal breake any of these articles vpon admonition doth not reforme hymselfe they shall forsake hym and in all thinges he vnto hym open enimies Also besides this the Prince shall as farre as in him may lie Llevvellines brethren pacifie his brethren of the which he had put two in prison Owen and Roderik the thirde named Dauid escaping his handes fled into England and remained many yeares wyth King Edward who receyuing him into his seruice Dauid revvarded by Kyng Edvvard made him knight in this warre and gaue vnto him a castel at Denbigh in Wales wyth landes to the yearely value of a thousande markes in recompeÌ„ce of those possessions whiche he ought to haue had in Anglesey the which as before is said the king graunted vnto Llowellin for terme of his life and after his decesse to reuert vnto the Kyng and to his heyres Moreouer Dauid preferred in marriage he preferred Dauid to the mariage of a loylie widowe that was daughter to the Erle of Darby The article coÌ„cerning Ovven As concerning Owen through the Kyngs fauour he was deliuered out of prison by force of y e articles concluded at this present by the comissioners vnder this forme and maner that vppon his being set at libertie certayne persons appoynted by the Kyng shoulde make offer to hym to chose whether he would firste compounde wyth his brother and thervppon come to the Kyng and beseeche hym to allowe the composition or else to put hymselfe vnder the safe keeping of the King till according to the lawes and customes of Wales in the place where he did transgresse iudgement should be giuen of the matter And if he were acquitte then mighte hee demaunde his heritage if he thought it so expedient and which of these two wayes he shuld chose the same shuld be made firme and stable in the kyngs presence All these articles with other additions were accorded by the saide commissioners at Aberconwey the Tuesday before the feast of saint Martin in the yere 1277. and letters of confirmatioÌ„ made therof by the king dated at Rutlande the tenth daye of Nouember in the fifth yeare of his raigne Also the saide Llewellin by the name of Llewellin ap Griffyn prince of Wales with letters vnder his seale confirmed the abouesaid articles on his behalf for y e releasing of his right to the foure Cantredes other things that shuld remain vnto the king whiche letters hare date at Abeacouwer the 〈◊〉 Tuesday in the saide yere 1277. Also the king released vnto the said Llewellin the saide him of .l. M. poundes and the said summe of a M. markes yearely to be payde for the Isle of Anglesey as by his letters dated at â—…tlaÌ„d y e said tenthe daye of Nouember in the saide v. yeare of his raigne more at large it appeareth Yet neuerthelesse by his letters dated at Rutlande the saide .xj. of the saide moneth of Nouember 〈◊〉 is euident that he receyued of the saide Llewellin the â—…me of .ij. M. markes 〈…〉 the hands of Thomas Beke 〈◊〉 of his â—…robe The 〈…〉 Moreouer the Kâ—… in the west parte of Wales buylt at the 〈◊〉 tyme a caâ—… of â—…perdenaâ—… to kepe vnder y e rebellâ—…ousâ—… attempts of the Welcheman An. reg â—… 127â—… Llewâ—… vvisâ—… to 〈…〉 Kyng Edwâ—… gaue in mariage by way of â—…stitution vnto the â—…ereâ—…â—…bred Llewellin Prince of Wales the 〈◊〉 of Leicesters daughter which was takeÌ„ as ye haue hearde at the Isle of Sâ—…y He 〈…〉 all the charges of the fâ—… as the daye of 〈◊〉 marriage and honoured the saint with the presence of himselfe and of the Queene 〈…〉 of y e .xx. parte of euery mans goods was graâ—…â—… to the Kyng towards his chargeâ—… 〈◊〉 in the Welche waâ—…s Moâ—… couetous 〈◊〉 yeare of his raigne kyng Edward helde a parliameÌ„t at Glocester 〈…〉 in the which 〈…〉 actes and â—…tatutes made for the wâ—… 〈◊〉 gouernment of the 〈◊〉 which vnto this â—…y or called the statutes of Gloucester Alexander kyng of Scottes 〈◊〉 into England to comâ—… with king Edward of masters â—…ing his kyngdome of Scotlande Shortely after kyng Edwarde went ouer into Fraunce and there receyued certayne Townes that were reshâ—… to hym but not the mottys of those that were promised to his father when he 〈◊〉 his title vnto the Duchte of Normandie Roberte Kilwarâ—…y Archebishoppe of Canterbury was by pope Nicholâ—…s adâ—… to the dignitie of a Cardinall 〈…〉 and made Byshoppe of Portua so that he went to Rome and gaue ouer the archbyshopricke of Canterbury Iohn Pâ—… Archbiâ—… of Yâ—… toâ—… which throughe the Popes graunt â—…e Iohn Peckham was admitted Archebishoppe This yere ther was inquirie made in LoÌ„don for such as had clipped 〈…〉 washed counter fâ—…ed the â—…ings coigne wherevppon the Iewes of the 〈◊〉 dyuers goldsmiâ—…hes that kepte the Exchange of siluer were endued An. reg 7. N. Triues and after to the number of .ij. C. lxxxxvij persons were condemâ—…ned in diuers places put to execution There were but .iij. Englishemen among them all the residue were Iewes but dyuers Christians that were participaâ—…te with them in theyr offences wer put to their fines not without â—…e About the same time â—…ro Dunst y e Kyng recouered all suche sherifs as were either priestes or stâ—…ngers 〈◊〉 theyr places appoynted knyghts to be shâ—…riffes y t were of y e same countrey where there offâ—…s lay Moreouer about this season king Edward builded y e castell of Fâ—…t â—…e castells of â—…nt Rutâ—…â—…ayâ—… fortified y e castell of Rutland others placing garisons of english meÌ„ in the same to defende y e câ—…y 〈◊〉 kepe y e Welchâ—…eÌ„ vnder obedience 1279 But 〈◊〉 so smally regarded all couenaÌ„ts made 〈◊〉 benefites receiued that shortly after vpon the drath of his late manyed wife being sâ—…â—…to come to 〈◊〉 parliament holden by king Edward he disdained to obey â—…evvellin beâ—…eth nevve â—…arre vpon a very spite he gâ—… to make new warre to the EnglishmeÌ„ in wasting destroying y e countrey but being put in feare with y e Kings comming towards him w t his power â—… sâ—…eth for 〈◊〉 he laid armor aside begaÌ„e ftâ—…nes to reâ—…re peace which the king now y e second time did not deny to graunt
they prouided for the Lazee to keepe him oute of the Citizen 〈◊〉 clapping of â—…ysshes and ryligion of â—…rtâ—…s to the great trouble of the Littâ—…s and also to the daungerous infection of manye that they shoulde bee remoued at home at their present with seuerall pensionâ—… Now after this godâ—… 〈◊〉 to taken the citizens by such means as may truised willing to further y e lande the report therof man made 〈◊〉 y e 〈…〉 hereof was not onely willing to graunt suche as shoulde be the ouersiers and gouernors of the said houses a corporation and authoritie for the gouernement thereof but also required that he might bee accounted as the chiefe sounder and patrone thereof And for the furtherâ—…unce of she sayde worke King Edwarde the sixth founder of the hospitals in London and continuall maintenaunce of the same he of his meere mercie and goodnesse graunted that where before certaine landes were giuen to the maintenaunce of the house of the Sanoy founded by King Henrie the seauenth for the lodging of pilgrimes and straungers and that the same was nowe made but a lodging of loyterers vagabondes and strumpets that laye all daye in the fields and at night were harboured there the which was rather the mayntenance of beggerie than the reliefe of the poore gaue the same landes being first surrendred into his hands by the Maister and felowes there whiche landes were of the yearely value of sixe hundreth poundes vnto the Citie of London for the maintenaunce of the foundation aforesayde And for a further reliefe a petition being made to the Kings maiestie for a licence to take in mortmayne or otherwise without licence landes to a certaine yearely value and a space left in the patent for his Grace to put in what summe it woulde please him he looking on the voyde place called for penne and ynke and with his owne hande wrote this summe in these wordes Foure thousande markes by yeare and then sayde in the hearing of his Counsaile A blessed king Lord God I yeelde thee most heartie thanks that thou hast giuen mee life thus long to finishe this worke to the glorie of thy name After whiche foundation established he liued not aboue two dayes Sir William Chester Iohn Calthrop Draper By example of whiche acte of this vertuous yong king sir William Chester Knight and Alderman of London and Iohn Ealthrop Citizen and Draper of the sayd Citie at their own proper costes and charges made the brickwals and want on the backeside that leadeth from the sayde new hospitall vnto the hospitall of Saint Bartholomewes and also couered and vanted the towne ditch from Aldersgate to Newgate which before was very noisome and contagious vnto the sayde Hospitall Richard Castel shoomaker This Hospitall being thus erected and put in good order there was one Richarde Castell alias Castellee shown mater dwelling in Westminster a man of great tâ—…ile and labor in his facultie with his owne handes and suche a one as was named the Edeke of Westminster for that both Winter and Sommer as was at his worke before foure of the clock in the morning This maÌ„ thus truly and painfully laboring for his liuing God blessed and increased his â—…hocâ—… so abundantly that heputt hâ—…sed lands and 〈◊〉 in Westminster to the yearely value of xliiij â—… And hauing no childe with the consent of his wife who also yet liueth and is a vertuous and good woman gaue the same landes wholye to Christes hospitall aforesayde to the reliefe of the innocent and fatherlesse children and for the succor of the miserable sore and sicke harboured in the other hospitals about London whose example God graunt many to followe About this time there were three notable ships set forth and furnished for the great aduenture of the vnknowne voyage into the East by y e north seas The great doer and encourage of which voiage was Sebastian Caboto an EnglishmeÌ„ Sebastian Caboto born at Bristow but was the sâ—… of a Genawaies These ships at the last arriued in the couÌ„trie of Moscouia not without great lusse danger namely of their captaine who was a worthie aduenturous gentleman called sir Hugh Willough by knight who being tossed and driuen by tempest hernous at the last founde in his ship frosen to death and all his people But now the sayde voyage and trade is greatly aduaunced and the merchants aduenturing that waye are newly by acte of Parliament incorporated and moued with sundrie priuiledges and liberties About the beginning of the moueth of Maye next following Three noâ—… mariages there were three notable mariages concluded and shortlye after solemnised at Durham place The first was betweene the Lorde Guilforde Dudley the fourth sonne of the Duke of Northumberlande and the Ladie Iane eldest daughter of Henrie Duke of Suffolke and the Ladie Frauncis his wife was the daughter of Marye seconde sister to king Henrie the eyght first married to Lewes the Frenche King and after to Charles Brandon Duke of Suffolke The seconde mariage was betweene the Lorde Harbert sonne and heyre of William Earle of Pembroke and the Ladie Katherine second daughter of the said Lady Francis by the said Henrie Duke of Suffolke And the thirde was betweene Henrie Lorde Hastings sonne and heyre of Frauncis Earle of Huntington and Katherine yongest daughter of the Duke of Northumberlande which three mariages were â—…mpassed and concluded chieflye vppon purpose to chaunge and alter the order of succession to the Crowne made in the tyme of King Henrie the eyght from the saide Kings daughters Marye and Elizabeth and to conuey the same immediatlye after the death of King Edwarde to the house of Suffolke in the right of the sayde Ladie Fraunces wherein the sayde yong King was in â—…most trauaylee in the time of his sickenesse and all for feare that if his sister Marie being next heire to the Crowne shoulde succeede that she would subuert all his lawes and statutes made conuerning religion whereof he was most carefull for the continuance whereof he sought to establishe a meete order of succession by the alliaunce of great houses by way of mariage which neuerthelesse were of no force to serue his purpose For tending to the disherison of the rightfull heyres they proued nothing prosperous to the parties for two of them were soone after made frustrate the one by death the other by diuorce In the meane whyle the King became euery day more sicker than other of a consumption in his lungs so as there was no hope of his recouerie wherevppon those that then bare chiefe authoritie in Counsayle with other Prelates and Nobles of the Realme called to them diuerse notable persons learned as well in Diuinitie as in the lawes of the lande namely Bishops Iudges and other fell to consultation vpon this so weightie case and lastly concluded vpon the deuise of King Edwardes will to declare the sayde Ladie Iane eldest neece to K. Henrie the eyght and wife to the sayde Lorde Gullforde
replenished wyth Neat al kind of cattell and such store is there also of the same in euery place that y e fourth part of the land is scarcely manured for the prouision and maintenaÌ„ce of grayne Certes this fruitfulnes was not vnknown vnto the Britens long before Caesars time which was the cause wherefore our predecessors liuyng in those dayes in maner neglected Tillage and lyued by féedyng and grasing onely The grasiers themselues also then dwelled in moueable villages by companies whose custom was to deuide the ground amongst them and eche one not to depart from the place where his loÌ„t lay till by eating vp of the country about him he was inforced to remoue further and seke for better pasture and this was the brittish custome at the first It hath bene coÌ„monly reported that the ground of Wales is neyther so fruitful as that of England neither the soyle of Scotland so bountifull as that of Wales which is true if it be taken for the most part otherwise there is so good grounde in some partes of Wales as is in England albeit y e best of Scotland be scarcely comparable to the best of eyther of both Howbeit as the bounty of the Scottish doth fayle in some respect so doeth it surmount in other Plenty of riuers God and nature hauyng not appointed all countries to yeld forth lyke commodities There are also in this Island great plenty of fresh riuers streames as you haue heard already and these thorowly fraught wyth all kyndes of delicate fish accustomed to be fouÌ„d in riuers Hilles The whole Isle likewyse is very full of hilles of which some though not very many are of excedyng heigth and diuers extendyng themselues very farre from the beginnyng as wée may sée by Shooters hill which rising east of London not very far from the Thames runneth along the south side of the Island westward vntill it come to Corinwall Lyke vnto these also are the crowdoÌ„ hils which from the peke do run into the borders of Scotlande What shoulde I speake of the cheuiot hils which run xx miles in length of the blacke mountains in Wales which go from _____ to _____ miles at the lest in length of the Grames in Scotlande and of our Chiltren which are 18. myles at the lest from one end of them to the other of all which some are very well replenished with wood notwithstandyng that the most part yelde a swéete short grasse profitable for shéep wherin albeit that they of Scotland doe somewhat come behind vs yet their outward defect is inwardly recompeÌ„sed not onely with plenty of quarries and those of sondry kindes of marble hard stone and fine alabaster but also rich mines of mettal as shal be shewed hereafter Windes In this Islande likewyse the wyndes are commonly more stronge and fierce then in anye other places of the maine and that is often séene vppon the naked hilles which are not garded with trées to beare it of That grieuous incoÌ„uenience also inforceth our Nobility gentry and comminaltie Bâ—… to build their houses in the valeis leauing the high groundes vnto their corne and cattell least the cold and stormy blastes of winter should bréede theÌ„ greater anoyance wheras in other Regions eche one desireth to set his house aloft on the hyll not onely to be sene a farre of and cast forth their beames of stately curious workemaÌ„ship into euery quarter of the country but also in whote habitations for coldensse sake of the ayre sith the heate is neuer so vehement on the hill top as in the valey because the reuerberation of the sunne beame eyther reacheth not so farre as the highest or else becoÌ„meth not so strong when it is reflected to the lower mountayne But to leaue our Buyldinges Husâ—… ameâ—… vnto the purposed place which notwithstanding haue verye muche increased I meane for curiositye and coste in Englande Wales and Scotland within these fewe yeares and to returne to the soyle againe Certainelye it is euen now in these our dayes growne to bée muche more fruitefull then it hath bene in times past The cause is for that our countreimen are growne to be more paynefull skilful and carefull thorowe recompence of gayne then heretofore they haue béene insomuch that my Synchroni or time felowes can reap at thys present great commoditye in a lyttle roume whereas of late yeares a great compasse hath yéelded but small profite and thys onely thorowe the ydle and negligent occupatioÌ„ of such as mannured and had the same in occupying I myght sette downe examples out of all the partes of thys Islande that is to say manye out of Englande moe out of Scotlande but most of all out of Wales in which two last rehearsed verye little other foode and lyuelyhoode was woont to be looked for beside fleshe more then the soyle of it selfe and the cow gaue the people in y e meane tyme lyuing idelly dissolutely by picking and stealing one froÌ„ another all which vices are nowe for the most part relinquished so that ech nation manureth hir owne with triple commoditie to that it was before tyme. The pasture of thys Islande is accordyng to the nature scituation of the soyle 〈◊〉 whereby in most places it is plentifull verye fine batable and such as eyther fatteth our cattel with spéede or yéeldeth great abundaunce of mylke and creame whereof the yellowest butter and finest chéese are made But where the blewe claye aboundeth which hardelye drinketh vppe the winters water in long season there the grasse is speary rough and very apte for bushes by which occasion it becommeth nothing so profitable to the owner The best pasture ground of all Englande is in Wales and of all the pasture in Wales that of Cardigan is the chiefe I speake of that which is to be founde in the mountaines there where the hundreth part of the grasse growing is not eaten but suffered to rotte on the grounde whereby the soyle becommeth matted and dyuers Bogges and quicke moores made wyth all in long continuance bycause all the cattle in the countrey are not able to eate it downe â—â—dowes Our medowes are either bottomes wherof we haue great store and those very large bycause our soyle is hilly or else lande meades The first of them are yearely and often ouerflowen by the rysing of such streames as passe thorowe the same or violent falles of lande waters that dyscende from the hylles about them The other are seldome or neuer ouerflowen that is the cause wherefore their grasse is shorter than that of the bottomes and yet is it farre more fine wholsome and batable sith the haye of our â—â—we meddowes is not onely full of sandy cinder which bréedeth sundry diseases in our cattell but also more roâ—â—y foggy full of flagges and therefore not so profitable for â—â—ouer and forrage as y e higher meades be The differeÌ„ce furthermore in theyr commodities is great for whereas in our
betokeneth the race and surname So the Romaines had Cornelios Sergios Appios Fabios Aemilios Iulios Brutos c. of which who were agnati and therfore kept the name were also called Gentiles gentlemen of that or that house and race As the king or Quéene doth dubbe knights and createth the Barons and higher degrées so gentlemeÌ„ whose auncestours are not knoweÌ„ to come in with WilliaÌ„ Duke of Normandie do take their beginning in EnglaÌ„d after this maner in our tymes â—…yers â—…ents Vniâ—â—â—sities â—â—isitioÌ„s â—â—pteines Whosoeuer studieth y e lawes of the realme who so studieth in the Vniuersitie or professeth Phisicke and the liberall Sciences or beside his seruice in the rowme of a capitaine in the warres can liue ydlely and without manâ—…ell labour and therto is able and wil beare the port charge and countenaunce of a gentleman he shall be called Master which is the title that men giue to Esquires and Gentlemenne and reputed for a Gentleman which is so much the lesse to be disalowed as for that y e Prince doth lose nothing by it y e gentlemaÌ„ being so much subiect to taxes and publicke paymeÌ„ts as is the Yeoman or husbandman which he also doth beare the gladlyer for the sauing of his reputation Being called in the warres whatsoeuer it cost him he will both arraye and arme himselfe accordinglye and shewe y e more manly courage and all the tokens of y e person which he representeth No maÌ„ hath hurt by it but himself who peraduenture wil now and then heare a bigger sayle then hys boate is able to sustaine Citizens and Burgeses haue next place to gentlemen Citizens who be those that are frée within the cities and are of some substaunce to beare Office in y e â—…auâ—…e But these citizens or Burgeses are to serue the coÌ„mon wealth in their cities and Borowghes or in corporate towneâ—… where they dwell And in the common assembly of the realme to make lawes called the Parliament the ancieâ—…t Eiâ—…eâ—… appoint foure and the borowghe twâ—… Burgeses to haue voyâ—…es in it and to giue their consent or dissent vnto such thinges as passe or stay there in the name of the citie or Borowe for which they are appointed In thys place also are our Marchauntes to be ensâ—…alled as amoÌ„g the Citizens MarchaÌ„ts whose number is so increased in these our dayes that theyr onely maintenaunce is the cause of the excéeding prices of forreine wares which otherwyse when eache nation was permitted to bring in hir owne commodityes were farre better cheape and more plentifully to be had Among the Lacedemonians it was founde out that great numbers of Merchauntes were nothing to the furtheraunce of the state of the common wealth â—… wherefore it is to be wyshed that the heape of them were somewhat restreigned so should the rest lyue more easily vpon theyr owne few honest chapmeÌ„ be brought to decaye by breaking of the bankcrupt I doe not denie but that the nauie of the lande is in part maintained by their â—…aâ—…câ—… and so are the highe prices of thinges kept vp now they haue gotten the only sale of things into their handes whereas in times past when the strange bottomes were suffered to come in we had Suger for foure pence the pounde that nowe is worth halfe a crowne Raâ—…sons of Corinth for a peny that now are holden at six pence and sometime at eight pence ten pence the pounde nutmegges at two pence halfe peny the mince Gynger at a penny an ounce Proynes at halfe penye fardyng Great reysons thrée pounde for a peny Cinamon at foure pence the ounce Cloues at two pence and Pepper at twelue and sixetene pence the pounde Whereby we maye sée the sequele of thinges not alwayes to be such as is pretended in the beginning The wares that they carry out of the Realme are for the most part brode clothes carsies of all coulours lykewyse cottons fréeses rugges tinne wooll leade felles c. which being shipped at sundry ports of our coasts are borne from thence into all quarters of the worlde and there eyther exchaunged for other wares or ready money to the great game and commoditie of our Merchauntes And whereas in times past our chiefe trade was into Spaine Portingall Fraunce Flaunders Danske Norway Scotlande and Iseland onely so in these dayes as men not contented wyth those iourneyes they haue sought out the east and west Indies made voyages not only vnto the Canaries and newe Spaine but likewyse into Cathaia Not séene in a batement of price of thinges Moscouia Tartaria the regions thereabout from whence as they pretende they bring home great commodities Our Yeomen are those which by our Lawyers are called Legales hommes fre meÌ„ born English and maye dispende of theyr owne frée lande in yerely reuenewe to the summe of 40. s. sterling This sorte of people haue a certaine preheminence and more estimation then labourers and artificers and commoÌ„ly lyue welthely kéepe good houses traueileth to get ryches They are also for the most part fermers to gentlemen with grazing frequenting of markets and kéeping of seruants â—…ot ydle seruaunts as the gentlemen doth but such as get both their owne part of theyr Maâ—…sters lyuing doe come to great wealth insomuch that many of them are able and doe buy the landes of vnthrifty gentlemen often setting theyr sonnes to the Scholes to the Vniuersities and to y e Innes of the Court or otherwise leauing them sufficient landes wherevpon they maye lyue without labour doe make their sayde sonnes by that meanes to become gentlemeÌ„ These were they y t in times past made al Fraunce afrayd And the kings of England in foughten battailes were woont to remaine among these Yeomen who were their footemen as the French Kings did amongst theyr horsemen the Prince thereby shewing where his chiefe strength did consist The fourth and last sort of people in Englande are day labourers poore husbandmeÌ„ and some retaylers which haue no frée lande copy holders al artificers as Taylours Shoomakers Carpenters Brickemakers Masons 〈…〉 c. As for slaues 〈◊〉 we haue none These therfore haue neither voice nor authoritie in y e common welth but are to be ruled not to rule other yet they are not altogither neglected for in cities and corporalte Townes for default of Yeomen they are fayne to make vp their enquestes 〈◊〉 of such maner of people And in Villages they are commonly made Church wardens Sidemen Aleconners Constables many tymes enioye the name of hedborowghes Thys furthermore amonge other thynges I haue to saye of our husbandmen and artificers that they were neuer so excellent in theyr trades as at this present But as the workemanshippe of the later sort was neuer more fine and curious to the eye so was it neuer lesse strong and substanciall for continuance and benefite of the buyers Certes there is nothing that hurteth our artificers more then hast and
of this lande to the loue of learning which before contempned letters all good knowledge as men only giuing themselues to husbandrie and the warres the like wherof I read to haue béene amongst y e Gothes Vandales who for a time woulde not suffer euen their princes to be learned for weakening of their courages nor any learned men to remayne in the counsel house but by open proclamation woulde commaunde theÌ„ to auoyde Pyrates and robbers by sea are condemned in the court of the Admyraltie hanged on the shore at lowe water marke where they are left til thrée tides haue ouer-washed them Finally such as hauing wals bankes néere vnto the sea and doe suffer the same to decay after coÌ„uenient admonition wherby the water entreth and drowneth vp the country are by a certayne custome apprehended condemned staked in y e breache where their remayne for euer as parcell of the foundation of the newe wall that is to be made vpon them as I haue hard reported Of sauuage beastes and vermines Cap. 7. IT is none of the least blessings wherewith God hath indued thys Islande that it is void of noysome beasts as Lions Beares Tygers Pardes Wolfes and such like by meanes whereof our countrymen may trauaile in safetie and our herdes and flockes remayne for the most part abroade in the fielde without any herde man or kéeper This is chiefely spoken of the south southwest part of the Islande For whereas we that dwell on this side of the Twede maye safely boast of our securitie in this behalfe Yet can not the scottes doe the lyke in euery point with in their kingdome sith they haue grieuous Wolfes continually conuersaunt among them to the generall hinderaunce of their husbandmen and no smal damage vnto the inhabiters of those quarters The happy fortunate want of these beasts in Englande is vniuersally ascribed to the pollitike gouernement of king Edgar who to the intent the whole Countrie might once be clensed and clerely ridde of them charged the conquered Welchmen who were then pestured with these rauenous creatures aboue measure to paye him a yearely tribute of Wolfes skinnes to be gathered within the lande He appointed them thereto a certaine number of thrée hundred with frée liberty for their prince to hunt and pursue them ouer al quarters of the realme as our Chronicles doe report Some there be which write how Ludwall Prince of Wales payde yearely to king Edgar this tribute of 300. Wolfes and that by meanes thereof within the compasse and terme of foure yeres none of those noysome creatures were left within Wales and England Since this tyme also we read not that anye Wolfe hath béene séene here that hath bene bredde within the bondes and limites of our country Howbeit there haue béene diuers brought ouer from beyonde the sea for gréedinesse of gaine to make money onely by the gasing and gaping of the people vpon them who couet oft to sée them beyng straunge beastes in their eyes and seldome knowne in Englande Of Foxes we haue some but no great store Foxes Badgiers and also Badgiers in our sandy light groundes where woodes firzes broome and plentie of shrubbes are to shrowde them in when they be from their borrowes and therto Warrens of Coneys at hand to féede vpon at will Otherwise in claie which we call y e cledgie mould we seldome here of any because the moisture and toughnesse of the soile is such as will not suffer them to drawe and make their borrowes depe Certes if I may fréely say what I thinke I suppose that these two kindes I meane Foxes and Badgers are rather preserued by GentlemeÌ„ to hunt haue pastime with all at their owne pleasures then otherwise suffered to lyue as not able to be destroyed because of theyr greate numbers For such is the scantitye of them here in England in comparison of the plentie that is to be séene in other countryes and so earnestly are the inhabitants bent to roote theÌ„ out that except it had bene to beare thus w t the recreations of their superiors it could not otherwise haue ben chosen but that they should haue bene vtterly destroyed by many yeares agone I might here intreat largely of other vermine as the Polcate the Miniuer the Weasel Stote Squirrill Fitchew and such like Also of the Otter and Beuer Beuers of which as the first sortes are plentifull in euery woode and hedgerow so these latter especially the Otter Otters for to say the truth we haue not manye Beuers but only in the Teisis in Wales is not wanting or to séeke in many streames riuers But it shal suffice in this sort to haue named them as I doe also the Martern Marternes although for number I worthily doubt whether that of our Beuers or Marternes may be thought to be the lesse Other pernicious beastes we haue not except you repute the great plentie of red and fallow Deare and store of Conies amongst the hurtful sort Which although that of theÌ„selues they are not offensiue at all yet theyr great numbers are thought to be very preiudicial and therfore iustly reproued of many as are in lyke sort our huge flocks of shéepe where on the greatest parte of our soyle is emploied almost in euery place The male of the red Deare was sometime called among the Saxons a staggon Stagges but now a stagge or vpon some consideratioÌ„ an Harte as the female is an Hinde And this is one parcell of the Venery wherof we intreated before and whose proper dwelling is in the large and wooddy forrests The fallow deare as Bucks and Does are nouryshed in Parkes Connys in warrens and borrowes As for Hares they runne at theyr owne aduenture except some Gentleman or other for hys pleasure doe make an inclosure for them Of these also the stagge is accompted for the most noble game the fallow Deare is the next theâ—… the Roe whereof wée haue indifferent store and last of all the Hare all which notwythstanding our custome are pastimes more méete for Ladies and Gentlewomen to exercise then for men of courage to followe whose hunting should practise theyr armes in tasting of theyr manhoode and dealing w t such beastes as eftsoones wyll turne agayne and offer them the hardest rather then theyr féete whych many tymes may cary dyuers from the fielde Surely this noble kinde of hunting onely did great Princes frequent 〈◊〉 times past as it may yet appeare by the hystories of theyr times and there to besâ—… that whych we read of the vsuall hunting of the Princes and Kings of Scotland of the wild Bull Woolfe c. the example of king Henry the second of England who disdayning as he termed it to followe or pursue towards cherished of set purpose sundry kinde of wilde beastes at Woodstocke and one or two other places in England whych he walled about wyth hard stone where he would often fight wyth them hande to
vttermost of his power in reuēge of such their great vntruthes cloked dealings They had vneth receyued their answere but that there came from the Saxons .xl. other Ambassadors ▪ being mē of great authoritie amongst them to excuse that whiche had happened ouer night The excuse of the Saxons in laying the fault vpon a sort of vndiscrete persons nothing priuie vnto that which the gouerners of the armie had done touching the sending of their Ambassadours and therevpon had without their aduise made that skirmish Arthure hauing thus vanquised his enimies gaue license vnto those nobles which hee had deteyned as is sayde in his campe being sent vnto him as Ambassadors to depart ouer into Germanie appointing the residue of such Saxōs as were men of no defence to remain stil in the land yeelding a yearly tribute vnto the Brytains and also with cōdition that they shuld become christians The Scottishmen and Picts which had ayded the Brytaynes in this iourney soiourned awhile after at London where Arthure feasted and banketted them in most royall wise Arthures ◅nificence shewing them al the honor that might be deuised and afterwardes sent them home right princely rewarded with many great giftes and rich presents Whilest such businesse as ye haue heard was thus in hand betwixt the Saxons Britains the estate of the Scottish common wealth was gouerned by great wisedome and policie without any notable trouble or disorder But finally when king Conrane beganne to waxe aged and that such as had the chief doings vnder him sought not the execution of iustice but their owne commodities to the hinderance of a multitude the people began to repine thereat and to practise a conspiracie with diuerse of the Nobles against Conrane A conspiracie practised agaynst Cōran and those which ruled by his appoyntment It chaunced that there was one Toncet a mā of base byrth assigned by the kings commission to be chiefe iustice or as it were Chauncelor for the administration of the lawes in Murrey land a persō passing full of rygorous crueltie especially in iudgements of life death and in gathering vp of all maner of forfeytures of penall lawes which he did onely to purchase fauor of the king by the enriching of his coffers An euill officer in respect whereof he had smal regard either of right or wrong so that there were hope of somwhat to be gotten Amongst other the violent doings of this Toncet he caused diuerse marchant men of the towne of Fores in Murreyland as thē the chiefest town of all that countrey to be accused of treason by a light information and in the end executed without any apparant matter onely vpon a couetous desire to haue their goods and riches bycause they were men of great wealth and substance Diuerse noble men of the countrey there aboutes namely of the towne of Fores being partly of kin vnto those marchants were sore offended with this act and herevpon they first came vnto Toncet reuiled him with many high reprochful wordes afterwards fell vpō him in the place of opē iudgement where he sat as then in his iudgement seat A presumptuous act and there murthered him getting them forthwith vp into the moūtains to auoyd the danger which they knewe vnpossible for them to escape if they should happen to be taken whilest Conran should be liuing After this they deuised how they might encrease their heynous deed and bolde enterprise with an other far more horrible notable The determination of the murtherers to dispatch the king also which was to slea the king himself as the original cause of all such mischief that then raigned in y e realme through the vnworthie gouernment of his vniust ministers couetous magistrates hoping withall to obtain the fauor of some of the noble men whom they knew to maligne the king his coūsell most extreemly thereby in short time to be assured of their pardon Shortly after it chaunced that one Donald also gouernor of Athol Donald gouernour of Athol conspireth with the Outlawes to murther the king a mā in great fauour and trust with the king had vnderstanding what these outlawes intended therevpon practised with them by priuie messengers that they should come in secret maner vnto Enuerlochtee where the king soiourned promising them by most assured meanes of othes vowes that they shuld haue al y e furtherance he could deuise towards the atchieuing of their enterprise Hereupon these outlawes according to their instructions The outlawes enter into the kings bed chamber came in secret wise vnto Enuerlochtee and were closely conueyd into Conrans bed chāber by Donalds meanes who as though he had knowne nothing of the matter got himself quickly out of the way when he sawe them once entred within the doore of the chamber Conran the king perceiuing how he was betrayed and that his enimies were got into his chamber ready to murther him stept forth of his bed falling down vpō his knees besought them to take pitie of his age not to defile their handes in the bloud of their naturall lord and king considering the fault was not his Conran is murthered within his bed chamber by trayterous meanes 35. H.B. if they had beene any wayes wronged Howbeit they doubting nothing but least he should escape their hands streightwayes dispatched him out of life and withal made hast away This was the ende of king Conranus in the .xx. yeare of his raigne being the .xvj. of Arthurs dominion ouer the Brytains 20. H.B. the fifth of the Emperor Iustinianus and in the yeare after the byrth of our Sauior 531. 535. H.B. But his corps was buried in y e Abbey of Iona otherwise called Colmkil w t such funerall pompe exequies as in those dayes were vsed There were that counsayled him in the begynning of his raigne which he beganne in Argile being placed there vpon the chaire of marble that he shoulde see in any wise the auctours of his Vncles death duely punished Regicides or kingquellers ought chiefly aboue al other to be punished to giue ensample to other that they shoulde not attempt the lyke hereafter agaynste theyr liege Lorde and crowned King but he contrarywise did not onlye forgiue the offence but also receyued the forenamed Donalde wyth other the murtherers into his seruice Eugenius is suspected of his predecessours death and made them of his priuie Counsell which caused many men to suspect least he himselfe had beene of counsell with them in committing that murther The talke wherof was so common in all mens mouthes namely amongst the common people The Queene Dowager fled with hir two sonnes into Irelande that the Queene Dowager late wife to king Conran doubting not only the suretie of hir owne life but also of hir two sonnes which she had by the said Cōran the one named Reginan and the other Aidan fled with them ouer into Irelande where within fewe
with all other moueable goodes of the partie that herein offendeth Suche as be appointed gouernours or as I may cal them captaines that buye within those limites Captaynes where their charges lie any lāds or possessions Bying of lāds shal lose both the land possessions money whiche they haue payde for the same And if any of the sayde captaines or gouernours mary their sonnes or daughters vnto any maner of person that dwelleth within the boūds of theyr roumes they shall lose their office neyther shall it be lawfull for any of theyr sonnes or coperceners to occupie the same office These and the like commendable lawes Makbethes counterfayte zeale and equitie Makbeth caused to be put as then in vse gouerning the realme for the space of tenne yeares in equall iustice But this was but a counterfayte zeale of equitie shewed by him partely against his naturall inclination to purchase thereby the fauour of the people Shortly after he beganne to shewe what he was in steede of equitie practising crueltie Makbeths giltie conscience For the pricke of conscience as it chaunceth euer in tyrantes and suche as attayne to any astate by vnrightuous meanes caused him euer to feare least he should be serued of the same cuppe as he had ministred to his predecessour The woordes also of the three weird sisters wold not out of his mind which as they promised him the kingdome so lykewise did they promise it at the same time vnto the posteritie of Banquho He willed therefore the same Banquho with his sonne named Fleaunce Makbethes deuise to slea Banquho and his sonne to come to a supper that he had prepared for them which was in deede as he had deuised present death at the handes of certaine murtherers whome he hyred to execute that deede appoynting them to meete with the same Banquho and his sonne without the palayce as they returned to theyr lodgings and there to slea thē so that he woulde not haue his house slaundered but that in time to come he might cleare himselfe if any thing were layde to his charge vpon any suspition that might arise It chaunced yet by the benefite of the darke night that though the father were slaine Banquho is slayne but his sonne escapeth the son yet by the helpe of almightie God reseruing him to better fortune escaped that daunger afterwardes hauing some inckling by the admonition of some frendes which he had in the courte howe his life was sought no lesse then his fathers who was slayne not by chaunce medley as by the hādling of the mater Makbeth would haue had it to appeare Fleaunce Banquhoes sonne fleeth into Wales but euen vpon a prepensed deuise wherevpon to auoyde further perill he fledde into Wales But here I thinke it shall not much make agaynst my purpose if according to the order which I find obserued in the Scottish historie I shall in fewe wordes here rehearse the originall line of those kings whiche haue discended from the foresayde Banquho that they The lyne of the Scottishe kings whiche haue enioyed the kingdome by so long continuaunce of discent from one to an other that euen vnto these our dayes may be knowen from whence they had theyr first beginning Fleaunce therfore as before is sayd fled into Wales where shortly after by his curteous and amiable behauiour he grew into such fauour and estimation with the prince of that countrey that he might vnneath haue wisshed any greater at length also he came into such familiar acquaintance with the sayd princes daughter Fleaunce defloureth the prince of Wales his daughter that she of courtesie in the ende suffred him to get hir with childe whiche being once vnderstood hyr father the prince conceyued such hatefull displeasure towardes Fleaunce Fleaunce is slayne that he finally slewe him and helde his daughter in moste vile estate of seruitude for that she had consented to be on this wise defloured by a straunger Walter the sonne of Fleaunce At the last yet she was deliuered of a sonne named Walter who within few yeares proued a man of greater courage and valiancie than any other had commonly bene founde although he had no better bringing vp than by his graūdfathers appointment amongst the baser sorte of people His bringing vp Howbeit he shewed euer euen frō his infancie The stoute stomake appearing in Walter from his childehood that there reigned in him a certaine stoutnesse of stomake ready to attēpt high enterprises It chaunced that falling out with one of his cōpanions after many taunting woordes which passed betwixt them the other to his reproch obiected that he was a bastard begottē in vnlawfull bed wherewith being sore kindled in his raging furie he ran vpō him slew him out of hād Walter fleeth into Scotland Then was he glad to flee out of Wales and cōming into Scotland to seeke some frendshippe there he happened into the cōpanie of suche Englishmen Saint Margaret as were come thither with Queene Margaret behaued himself so soberly in all his demeanour that within a while he was highly esteemed amongst them Not long after by such meanes atteyning to the degree of high reputation Walter sent with an army to dau◅at rebelles he was sent with a great power of men into the Westerne Isles into Galloway and other partes of the realme to deliuer the same of the tirannie and iniurious oppression there exercised by diuers misgouerned persons which enterpryse according to his commission he atchieued with such prudent policie manhoode that immediatly vpon his returne to the court Walter made Lorde Steward of Scotland he was made lord Steward of Scotland with assignemēt to receyue the kings rents dueties out of all the partes of the realme This Walter Stewarde had a sonne named Alane Steward Alane Stewarde who went after with Godfrey of Bullion duke of Lorraine and Robert duke of Normandy sonne to king William the basterd that conquered England into the holy lande at what time they with other westerne Princes made the great iourney thither The iourney into the holy lande Alexander Steward in the yere .1099 Alane had issue Alexander Steward that founded the abbay of Pasley of S. Benedictes order Walter Steward whose valiancie was wel notified at the batayle of Largis as hereafter shal be shewed was the sonne of the sayde Alexander Walter Steward The same Walter had issue .ij. sonnes Alexander steward the son of Walter the one named Alexander fought right valiantly in defence of his father at the foresayd batayle and the other named Robert Steward got the landes of Terbowtoun Robert steward and maried the heyre of Crukeistoun from whom descended the Earles of Leuenax and Dernly Moreouer the aboue mencioned Alexāder Steward that founded Pasley had diuers mo sonnes as Iohn Iames Iohn steward and Iames steward with sundry other Howbeit they tooke new
were vsed in those dayes he was highly rewarded at the kings handes and euer after named Skrimgeour Skrimgeour that is to meane an hardie fighter He had also his armes encreased with a rampaunt Lion holding a crooked sword as is to be seene in the armes of his posteritie vnto this day Other there be that say he got the surname of Skrimgeour bycause he slue an English man in a singular combate The principall of this surname in our time helde the Constableship of Dundee bearing in hys armes a crooked Sworde in fashion of an hooke After that king Alexander had appeased the intestine commotions thus within his Realme The Abbey of Scone he set in hande to repayre the Abbey of Scone wherein he placed regular Chanons dedicating the Church in the honour of the Trinitie and Saint Michael Not long after this also he chaunced to come into Saint Colmes Inche Saint Colmes ynche where he was constrayned to abide three dayes togither through violent rage of weather and tempestes and bycause he founde some reliefe of meate and drinke by meanes of an hermit that dwelled within the same Inche and kept a Chappell there dedicate to Saint Colme he made of that Chappell an Abbey of regular Chanons The Abbey of Saint Colm◅ ynch builded in the honor of saint Colme endowing it with sundrie landes and tents for the maintenance of the Abbot and conuent of that house He also gaue vnto the Church of Saint Androwes the landes called the Boarrinke Landes named the Boarrink so named for that a great Boare was slain vpon the sayde grounde that had done much hurt in the Countrey thereabout Boare tuskes The tuskes of this Boare doe hang in Chaynes vppon the stalles of the Quier in Saint Androwes Church afore the high aulter and are a .xvj. ynches in length and foure ynches in thicknesse Moreouer the Abbey of Dunfirmling was finished by king Alexāder The Abbey of Dunfirmling and endowed with sundrie landes and possessions Whilest king Alexander was thus occupied in buylding and repayring of religious houses Dauid brother to king Alexander his brother Dauid liued in Englande with hys sister Queene Maulde and through fauor which the king hir husbande bare towardes him he obteyned in maryage one Maulde Woldosius Earle of Northumberland Huntingtō daughter vnto Woldosius or rather Waltheof Earle of Huntington and Northumberland begot of his wife the ladie Iudith that was neece vnto king William y e Conquerour for y t the sayd Woldosius or Waltheof had no other issue to inherite his lands Dauid in right of his wife Mauld enioyed the same The landes of Huntington and Northumberland annexed to the crowne of Scotland and was made Earle of Huntington Northumberland had issue by his wife a sonne named Henrie by whom the lands of Huntington some part of Northūberland were annexed vnto the crown of Scotlād as after shal appeare Mauld the daughter of king Henrie Beauclerke was maried vnto Henrie the Emperor the fourth of that name William Richard Eufeme the residue of y e issue which the same Henry had by his wife surnamed for hir singular bounteousnesse the good Queene Matilde in comming forth of France to repasse into England perished in the sea by a tempest to the great dolour of the king their father and to all other his subiects of eche estate and degree The death of king Alexander Their mother the sayde Maulde was before that time departed out of this life It was not long after but that Alexander deceassed also and was buryed in Dunfermling bysydes hys fathers sepulture in the .xvij. yeare of his raigne complete and from the incarnation of Christ 1125. 1124. H.B. yeares In the dayes of this king Alexander the kynred of the Cummings The beginning of the Cummings had their beginning by one Iohn Cumming a man of great prowes and valiancie obteyning of the king in respect thereof certaine small portions of landes in Scotlande The house of these Cummings rose in proces of time thus from a small beginning to highe honour and puissance by reason of the great possessions and ample reuenues which they afterwardes atteyned At length as often happeneth the importable height of this lynage was the onely cause of the decay and finall ruine thereof as in the sequell of this Hystorie ye may at full perceyue Knightes of the Rodes Also in the dayes of king Alexander the order of knights of the Rodes had their beginning and likewise the order of white Monkes White Monks the authour whereof was one Nodobert Richard de sancto Victore About the same time liued that holye man Richard de Sancto Victore a Scottish man borne but dwelling for the more part of his time at Paris in Fraunce where he dyed and was buryed within the Cloyster of the Abbey of Saint Victor being a brother of the same house This Dauid according to the ensample of his noble Parents set his whole care about the due ministring of Iustice to the honour of almightie God and the weale of his realme He had no trouble by warres with any forraine enimies so long as king Henrie Beauclerke liued Therefore hauing oportunitie of such a quiet time he rode about all the parties of his realme and vsed to sit in hearing of iudgement himselfe specially cōcerning poore mens causes and matters The care of king Dauid for the poore but the controuersies of the Lordes and barrons he referred to the hearing of other Iudges If he vnderstoode that any man were endomaged by any wrongful iudgement he recōpensed the partie wronged A rightuous iudge according to the value of his losse hinderance with the goods of the iudge that pronounced the iudgement Thus in the first yeares of his raigne hee did many things to the aduauncement of the common welth Banketting cheare banished and banished such banketting cheare as was vsed amongst his people after the ensample of the Englishe men perceyuing the same to breede a great weakning and decay of the auncient stoutnesse of stomacke that was wont to remaine in the Scottish nation He buylded the number of .xv. Abbeyes King Dauid built .xv. Abbeyes part of them in the beginning of his raigne before the warres were begon which he had with the Englishe men and part after the same warres were ended The names of those Abbeyes are as followeth Holy Roode house Kelso Iedburgh The names of the Abbeys buylded by king Dauid Melrosse Newbottell Holmecultrane Dundranane Cambuskenneth Kynlois Dunfirmling Holme in Cumberland also two Nunries the one at Carleil the other at north Barwike with two Abbays beside Newcastel y e one of S. Benedicts order and the other of white Monks He erected also foure Bishoprikes within his Realme Rosse Brechin Dunkeld Foure Bishops seas erected in Scotland and Dublane endowing them with riche rentes fayre landes and sundrie
eldest sister King Edwarde supposing this to be the time moste conuenient for his purposed intention to conquere the realme of Scotlande returned to Barwik where he had appointed the .xxiiij. learned men before specified to be present that finall sentence myght be giuen according as he had before promised King Edwarde â—â—meth to Barwike When he was come thus vnto Barwik and the foresayd .xxiiij. learned lawyers assembled as assistantes with him and the parties appearing before him in a chamber prouided for y e purpose he caused the doores to bee surely kepte The purpose of king Edwarde as the Scots doe vnterly reporte and the entries strongly warded that no man myghte come in or out but by his appointment liceÌ„ce His purpose was to make hym king that would be sworne to holde the crowne of Scotlande of him as superiour lorde therof And bycause he knewe that Roberte Bruce was a man of singular manhode and wysedom he thought best to assay hym first and if he souÌ„d him not coÌ„fortable to his purpose then he mynded to â—…rie what the Balliâ—â— would doe When Robert Bruce had throughly hearde king Edwardes motion The answere of Roberte Bruce he aunswered that hee wayed the libertie of his countrey more than his priâ—â— all â—â—â—ferrement and therefore mynded not to deliuer his countrey whiche euer to that day had bene free into the bondage and seruitude of the Englishmen King Edwarde perceyuing his stontenesse of stomacke brake off with him and fell in talke with the Ballyole who had suche blynde desire to attayne the crowne that hee passed not whether he â—â—â—â—ed the same in libertie or seruitude so he might haue it Herevpon when this Ballyoll had giuen hys fayth by assured othe vnto king Edward The Ballyol promiseth to do homage to king Edward that he woulde doo homage vnto him for the realme of Scotlande and acknowledge to holde the same of him as superiour lorde king Edwarde gaue sentence with him to haue moste ryghte to the crowne and realme of Scotlande nowe thus in controuerssie It is sayde that the Erle of Gloucester The saying of the Earle of Gloucester as the scots write but not lyke to be true K. Edwarde was no man so do be delt with a maÌ„ of great prudence and authoritie in Englande seyng the Ballyol thus made king and Robert Bruce without reason put backe spake in thys sort to king Edward Oh king remembre what is done by thee this day sparing to giue righteous sentence in this matter for though the same bee nowe couered and hidde it shall be reuealed when the great iudge that searcheth consciences and the secretes of euery mans mynd shal cause thee to answere for it at the dreadfull day of that vniuersall iudgement thou haste nowe giuen sentence on a king but then shall iudgemente be giuen on thee Shortely after Iohn Ballyol crowned king of Scotlande Iohn Ballyol went in great aray vnto Scone where he was crowned king of Scotlande on saint Andrewes day in the yere from the incarnation .1292 In the yeare next ensuing 1292. Iohn Ballyol doth homage to king Edward on saint StepheÌ„s day in Christmasse he came to Newcastel vpon Tyne and there did homage vnto king Edward for the realme of Scotlande contrarye to the mynde and consent of all his nobles So saye the Scottishe writers but howe truely reade more hereof in England for that by this meanes hee seemed to submitte his realme whiche had remayned in freedome vnto those dayes into the seruitude of the Englishemen but small felicitie succeeded thereof for within fewe yeares after king Edwarde commaunded hym by tenour of his bonde of homage to come with all the power he mighte make to ayde him in his warres against the king of Fraunce Iohn Ballyoll repenteth him King Iohn incontinently herewith became repentaunt in that he had indaungered hymselfe thus by doing his homage and thervpon sent his ambassadours to king Edward as then soiorning at London to renounce his acte touching the same homage alledging that forsomuche as it was done without the aduise of the three estates of Scotland it was of no force 〈…〉 and not meete to be obserued The answere of king Edwarde to the Scottish ambassadours King Edward aunswered these ambassadors thus Sith we perceiue your king will not come vnto vs we intend shortly to come vnto him Herewith also he depriued him according to the maner so farrefoorth as mighte bee done in hys absence of all his kingly authoritie And the better to accomplish his purposed intention against the Scots he founde meanes to conclude a peace with the king of Fraunce and for the more confirmation of the same peace the Frenche kings daughter was giuen in mariage to king Edward his son neuerthelesse as sayth the Scottish Chronicle he purposed when hee had wrought his will once against the Scottes to inuade France as fiercely as before notwithstanding any bonde of amitie or maryage by him contracted After this he procured y e frendship of Robert Bruce and vpon promise as it is to be thought to make him king the same Robert deliuered into king Edwarde his handes all suche castels as he helde in Scotlande Iohn Ballyol the Scottish king vnderstanding that king Edwarde mynded to make a coÌ„quest vpon him sent William bishop of Sainte Androws Mathew bishop of Dunkeld with sir Iohn Sowlis and sir Ingrame Vmfrayuile into Fraunce The league renewed betwixte France and Scotland to renewe the auncient league betwixte him and Philyp the fourth as then king of Fraunce whyche accordyngly was doone and for the more corroboration thereof the eldest daughter of Charles Earle of Valloys and Angiewe brother to king Philippe was promised in mariage vnto Edwarde Ballyoll the sonne of king Iohn Ex Chron. Abindon as I take it whiche Edward should enioy landes of yearely rente and reuenues to the summe of .xv. C .li. sterling in places not of the demains belonging to the crown as Ballieulle Dampiere Harecourte and Horney which his father helde in Fraunce with Lanarke Kidion Maldesey Cunyngham and the castell of Dundee with the apurtenaunces in Scotland and hereto was annexed a prouiso that if those seignories and places exceeded the value of .xv. C.li. of yearely reuenues then should the surplusage remaine to the king of Scotland but if the same amounted not to that summe then shoulde the sayd king make them good supply y e same with other rentes in Scotlande or otherwise as shuld be thought meete And further the sayde summe of .xv. C.li. in yearely rente was assigned as it were the dower of the sayde Ladye to enioye to hir selfe during hir lyfe after hir husbandes deceasse if hir happe were to suruiue him In consideration wherof king Philip couenanted to content and pay vnto king Iohn in name of the mariage mony the sum of .lx. M. crowns Hector Boetius Abyndon or as other write .xxv. thousande pound Turnoise
massie plate sundry faire clothes of rich and costly arras by his wiues friendes with many other it welles and things of great price and valure King Iames then departed on this wise from his wiues brethren and other suche his deere friends as his vertue and princely behauiour had procured him during his abode here in England King Iames commeth to Edynburgh entred into Scotlande and came to Edynburgh on Care sunday otherwise called Passiō sunday in Lent where he was receyued with all honour ioy and triumph that might be deuised Iames. ANd after y e assoone as the solemnitie of y e feast of Easter was fynished He is crowned a Scone togyther with has vse hee came to Perth and shortly after to Scone where he was crowned king and his wife Queene by Duke Mordo the gouernor and Henrie Bishop of S. Androwes the xxj day of May after the incarnation 1424. 1424 There came forth of Englande with thys Iames the fyrst diuerse Englishe Gentlemen which remayning euer after in seruice with him were aduaunced to certaine landes possessions and liuings in Scotlande Amongst whome as one of the chiefest was Androw Gray Androw Gray who afterwardes by the Kings ayde and good furtherance got in maryage the daughter and heyre of Henrie Mortimer of Foulis named Helen and by that meanes came the Lordship of Foulis vnto the handes of the Grayes The surname of the Grayes in Scotland whose surname and posteritie continueth yet in Scotlande inuested with great landes and dignities both in Gowry and Angus King Iames after his coronation returned from Scone to Edenburgh King Iames keepeth an audite where he called afore him all those that bare any authoritie in the administration of the common wealth during the time of the gouernours Duke Robert and Duke Mordo namely the Chancellour the Treasurer the Clearkes of the Register the Comptroller the Auditors and Receyuers with all other that had borne offices or had any thing to do concerning the kings rents At length when hee perceyued by theyr accompts made that the most part of all the lands rents and reuenues perteyning to the Crowne were wasted bestowed aliened and transported by the two foresayd gouernors vnto their friends and fautours contrary to all right or good consideration the customes of Burrowes and good townes onely excepted hee was not well content herewith though for the tyme he passed ouer his displeasure in shewing outwardly no semblaunce but as if hee had lyked all things well This payment was leuyed the fyrst yeare wythout any trouble but the seconde yeare there rose such murmure and grudging amongest the poore commons about the payment thereof The commōs grudge at payments that hee remitted the residue that was behinde and tooke neuer any taske after of hys subiectes tyll hee maryed his daughter wyth the Dolphyn of Fraunce Amongest other bylles put vp in this last mencioned Parliament Bylles of complaynt exhibited against the sonnes of duke Mordo there were diuerse complayntes exhibited by the people for sundrie oppressions vsed and done by the sonnes of Duke Mordo and other great Peeres of the Realme before the kings returne into Scotlande Wherevpon Walter Stewarde one of the sonnes of the sayde Duke Mordo was arrested Walter Stewarde put in prison and sent to a Castell situated vpon a rocke within the sea called the Bas thereto remaine in safe keeping Also Malcolme Flemming of Cumernalde and Thomas Boyd of Kylmarnoke were committed to warde in Dalkeith but these two at the intercession of diuerse noble men were pardoned of all offences for an easie fine with condition that they shoulde satisfie all such persons as they had in any wise wronged The othe of king Iames. In the foresayd Parliament also king Iames tooke a solemne othe to defende as well the liberties of his Realme as of the Church during the course of his naturall life The like othe by his ensample did all the residue of the Barons take at the same present time A Parliament holden at Perth Duke Mordo with his sonne Alexander and diuerse other Peeres of the Realme arrested Not long after an other Parliament was called holden at Perth in the which Duke Mordo with his sonne Alexander were arested and committed to ward So was also Archymbalde Earle of Dowglas with his brother William Earle of Angus George Earle of Marche Adam Hepborne of Hales and many other great Barons of Scotland euery of them being put in sundrie Castels and strengthes to remaine there vnder safe keeping Duke Mordo was sent to Carlaurok and his Duches was put in Temptalloun 1425 In the yeare following on the holy Roode day called the Inuention of the Crosse Iames Stewarde the thirde sonne of Duke Mordo moued with great yre for that his father brethren were holden in prison came with a great power to the towne of Dounbrytaine The towne of Dunbrytaine burnt and brunt it after he had slaine Iohn Stewarde of Doundonalde and .xxxij. other persones which were found in the same towne but the king kindled in greate displeasure for this attempt pursued this Iames so fiercely that he was faine to flee into Irelande where he afterwardes deceassed A Parliament holden at Sterling 1426 Walter and Alexander the sonnes of duke Mordo beheaded Duke Mordo and Duncane Steward Earle of Lennox beheaded In the yeare next ensuing king Iames called a Parliament at Sterling in the which he himselfe sitting with scepter sworde and crowne in place of iudgement Walter Steward with hys brother Alexander were condemned and incontinently were led forth to a place before the Castell and there beheaded On the Morrow after Duke Mordo hymselfe and Duncane Stewarde Earle of Lennox were conuicted of highe treason and beheaded afore the Castell in semblable maner Thus by the attainder of Duke Mordo and his sonnes the Erledomes of Fife Menteith and Lennox came into the kings handes The residue of the Lordes and Barons remayning as then in prison and abyding the kings pleasure were sore afrayd when they heard what rygorous iustice had beene executed on Duke Mordo and his sonnes notwithstanding within a tweluemonth after they were all set at libertie and receyued into the kings fauour on promise of their loyall demeanour and duetifull obedience euer after to be shewed during their naturall lyues In the yeare next following which was after the incarnation 1427. 1427 Alexander Lorde of the Iles arested Alexander Lorde of the Iles was arested by the king at Inuernes for that he was accused to be a succorer mainteyner of theeues and robbers in the countrey but forasmuch as he promised in tyme comming to refourme his former misdemeanors He is set at libertie he was pardoned and set at libertie whereof ensued greate trouble immediatly after For shortly vpon his deliuerance He rebelleth he gathered a power of wicked scapethriftes and with the same comming vnto Inuernes burnt the towne
prayse for euer FINIS A Table of the principall matters touched in the Historie of Scotland where note that the first number signifieth the page the second the line not accounting aboue 58. line in the first Colume at the most A. ABbey of Saint Colmes Inche builded 262.80 Abbey of Dunfirmeling finished 262.93 Abbey of Fosse in Fraunce founded 147.36 Abbey of Colmekill reedified 149.90 Abbey of LuÌ„doris builded 279.7 Abbey of Lauer cost fackt 350.39 Abbey of Durham spoyled 350.65 Abbey of Balmernocht founded 28â—… 60. Abâ—…rlemnon 235.8 Abbey of Colmkil appoynted for the buriall of the Scottish kings 100. 19 Abbey of Holme spoiled 323.107 Abbey of Furneirs saued froÌ„ spoiling 323.114 Abbeys of Melros Dryburgh burnt by the English meÌ„ 324.38 Abbey of Riuall 324.61 Abbeyes buylded by Dauid the first 263.83 Abbey of Abirbroth or Abirbrothock buylded 276.24 Abbey of Couper of the Cesteâ—… order founded 272.2 Abbey of Haddington buylded 276. 34. Abbey of Colmekill founded 100 17. Abbey of the holy Crosse builded 288. 73. Abbey of Pasley by vvhom buylded 247 58 Abbey of Charturare buylded 381. 37. Abbanath Crinen Thane of the vvest part of Scotland 239.11 Abernethy Laurence knight taken prisoner 346.69 Abernethy Dauid beheded 722.76 Abirden burnt by the EnglishmeÌ„ 343. 50. Aberlady fortified 479.18 Abirdin aduaunced from a village to a Citie 199.31 Albions and Saxons encounter in battaile 121.76 Abirdin indovved vvith manye priuiledges 285.17 Abirden burned 297.65 Achaius king of Scotland chaunged the forme of the Scottish crovvne 11.102 Achaius established a perpetuall league vvith Charles the Emperour 11 Achaius created king of Scotland 158. 101. Achaius setteth agreement betvvene his Nobilitie 158.114 Achaius doeth ayde the Pictes agaynst the English men 165.23 Achaius dieth 167.47 Acho king of Norvvey arriueth vvith an armie in the vvesterne Ilandes 289.32 Acho transporteth his armie into Albion 289.45 Acho shevveth the cause vvhy he came into Scotland 290.55 Achos nephevv slaine 292.25 Achos fleet drovvned and brokeÌ„ by a tempest 292.54 Acho escapeth flieth into Orkney 292.69 Acho dyeth in Orkney 292.106 Acon or Acres besieged by Richard the first 278.33 Acon taken by the Englishe men and Scottes 278.66 Acta bishop of Pictinia 155.1 Adelstane pursueth the Pictes into their ovvne countrey 165.35 Adelstanes cruel proclamation agaynst the Pictes 165.45 Adelstane slaine 160.23 Aylstone or Adelstanes foorde vvherof so named 166.25 Adelstane vvhere buried 166.77 Adelstane King of vvest Saxons inuadeth Deira 165.6 Adelstane vvasteth Deira vvith fire and svvorde 265.14 Ada daughter of Aurelius Ambrosius maried Conranus generall of the Scots 121.66 Adam bishop of Catâ—…es vilaynously misused and killed by the inhabitantes of that Countrey 284. 110. Adamson Iohn doctour of diuinitie in Abirden 285.63 Adannan bishop 151.108 Adhama daughter to king VVilliam maryed to the Erle of Laon 276.70 Adhama sister to king Malcolme maryed to Florence Earle of Holland 370.110 Adders vvhich do not hurt 279.12 Adrian Emperour of â—…ome â—â— 58 Adrian Emperor transporteth into Britaine 61.72 Adrian remoueth to Yorke 61.81 Adrian afflicteth the Scottes and Pictes vvhich fled to the mountaynes 61 9â—… Adrian maketh a vvall betvveene the Brytaines and Scots 61.109 Adrian returneth tovvard Rome 62. 14. Adrian a bishop 188.21 Adrians vvall repayred 92.74 Aduersarie in sute of lavv not to be stroken 181.59 Adulterie death 181.23 Age of Marie Quene of Scotland vvhen shee began his raigne 457. 28. Agricola Lieutenant of Britaine 49. 39. Agricola goeth agaynst the Scots 49. 47. Agricola studieth too bring the Scottes to ciuilitie 50.33 Agricola returneth into Pictland 51. 47. Agricola discomfiteth the Scottes and Pictes 52.93 Agricola maketh a bridge ouer the riuer Tay and passeth ouer vvith his army 54.19 Agricolas name dreadfull to the Scots and Pictes 67.23 Agatha daughter to Henrie the Emperour 253.108 Agatha and Christine renounce the vvorlde 257.6 Agasia daughter to the King of Brytaynes 21.50 Agreement made betvvene Scots and Pictes 139.60 Ayde sent into Scotlande to the Earle Lennox from the king of England 461.23 Aydan son to Conran returneth into Scotland 137.73 Aydan receyueth his inuesture in the kingdome of Scotland at the handes of saint Colme 138.30 Aydan bishop dyeth 149.6 Ayde sent oute of Fraunce to the Scottes agaynst the EnglishmeÌ„ 464. 61 Ayde sent out of Englande to the gouernour of Scotlande vnder the conduction of Thomas L. VVharton and the Lorde Euers 459.85 Aydans diligence in prouiding to resist his enimies â—…41 23 Aydan dyeth 142.16 Aydan requireth certaine Scottish outlavves of the Pictes 139. 10 Alexander the first surnamed the fierce created King of scotlande 261.54 Alexander goeth vvith an armye gaynste theeues and robbers in Murrey land and Ros. 261.74 Alexanders manhoode in slaying the theeues that vvoulde haue slaine him 262.12 Alexander pursueth the Rebelles that conspired vvith the theues and vanquished them 262.42 Alexander dieth 263.9 Alane Lorde of Gallovvayes bastarde sonne rayseth a commotion 285.62 Alane Lorde of Gallovves bastarde son slaine and his povver discomfited 285.86 Alexander leadeth an armie into Englande to ayde the Barons agaynst king Iohn 282.10 Alexander passeth ouer into Fraunce to renue the league vvith the French king 282.17 Alexander and Levves accursed by the Pope 282.36 Alexander prouoked by certaine Englishmen harrieth the countreys as hee vvent home into Scotland 282.50 Alexander pursueth k. Henrie the third vvith an armie into Northumberland 282.72 Alexander and his realm of Scotland absolued 283.13 Alexander of Scotlande and HeÌ„rie the thirde of England meet at Yorke to conclude and establish peace 283.72 Alexander goeth into Englande to set agreement betvvene K. Henrie and his Nobles 285.116 Alexander maryeth Mary daughter to Ingelram Lorde of Coucie 286.15 Alexander sendeth ayde to King Levves of Fraunce tovvardes his iourney into the holy land 286. 85. Alexander dyeth 287.1 Alexander the third sonne to Alexander the seconde crovvned king of Scotland 287.11 Alexander the third marieth Margaret daughter to Henrie the thirde of England 287.87 Alexander sonne to VVilliam prince of Scotlande borne 279. 76. Alexander graunteth to paye a yearely pension to the King of Norvvey for the vvesterne Iles 294.20 Alexander sendeth money to the Pope tovvardes the setting forth of an armie into the holye lande 294.102 Alexander and his Queene come to London to the coronation of king Edvvard the first 295.47 Alexander Prince of Scotlande maryeth the Erle of Flaunders daughter 295.92 Alexander prince of Scotland dieth 296.11 Alexander the thirde marieth Iolant daughter to the Earle of Champaigne in Fraunce 296.58 Alexander the third dieth 296.68 Alexander the third taken prisoner and kept by the Cumeyns 288.4 Alexander assembleth a povver agaynste Acho and his Norvvegianâ—… 200. â—…1 Alexander prince of scotlande sonne to Alexander the thirde borne 292.115 Alexander the seconde sonne to king VVilliam crovvned king of Scotland 281.79 Alexander Lorde of Arguile banished by king Robert 314. Alexander Lorde of the Iles moueth a rebellion agaynste K. Iames the first 378.74 Alexander Lorde of the Iles submitteth himselfe to the king and
the Lordes of the land chose the Earle of Ormond to be Lord Iustice The Erle of Ormond Loâ—… iustice In the fift yeare of Henrie the fourth Iohn Colton Archbishop of Ardmagh the .xxvij. 1404 The Archbishop of Ardmagh deceassed of Aprill departed this life vnto whome Nicholas Stoning succeeded The same yeare on the day of Saint Vitale the martir the parliameÌ„t of Dublin began before the Erle of Ormond then lord Iustice of IrelaÌ„d where the statutes of Kilkenny and Dublin were confirmed and likewise the charter of Ireland 1405 In the sixt yeare of Henry the fourth in the Month of May three Scottish barks were takeÌ„ two at greene castell and one at Alkey with captaine Macgolagh The same yeare the Marchants of Drodagh entred Scotland and tooke prayes and pledges Also on the euen of the feast day of the .vij. brethren Oghgard was burnt by the Irish And in Iune Syr Stephen Scrope that was come again into Ireland returned eftsoones into Englande leauing the Earle of Ormonde Lorde Iustice of Irelande About the same time they of Dublin entred Scotland at Saint Ninian The Citizens of Dublin inuade Scotland and valiantly behaued themselues agaynste the enimies and after crossing the Seas directed theyr course into Wales and did muche hurt to the Welchmen They inuade Wales bringing from thence the shrine of Saint Cubins and placed it in the Churche of the Trinitie in Dublin The Erle of Ormond deceaseth Iames Butler Earle of Ormonde dyed at Baligam whilest he was Lorde Iustice vnto whome succeeded Geralde Earle of Kildare The same yeare the Prior of Conall in the plaine of Kildare fought manfully with the Irish and vanquished two hundred that were wel armed sleaing part of them and chasing the residue out of the field and the Prior had not wyth him past the number of .xx. H. Marl. English men but god as saith mine Author assisted those that put their trust in him The same yeare after Michaelmas Stephen Scrope Deputie Iustice to the Lorde Thomas of Lancaster the kings sonne and his lieutenant of Ireland A Parliament at Dublin came againe ouer into Irelande and in the feast of Saint Hillarie was a Parliament holden at Dublyn which in Lent after was ended at Trim. And Meiller de Brimmingham slue Cathole Oconhur aboute the ende of Februarie In the yere .1407 a certain false and heathnish wretch 1407 an Irish man named Mac Adam Mac Gilmore that had caused .xl. Churches to be destroyed Corbi what it is signifieth as be that was neuer christened and therfore called Corbi chaunced to take prisoner one Patrike Sauage and receyued for his raunsome two M. Markes though afterwardes hee slue him togither with his brother Richard The same yere in the feast of the exaltation of the Crosse Stephen Scrope deputie to the Lorde Thomas of Lancaster with the Earles of Ormonde and Desmond and the Prior of Kilmaynam and diuerse other captaynes and men of warre of Meith set from Dublin and inuaded the lande of Mac Murche where the Irish came into the field and skirmished with them so as in the former part of the day they put the English power to the worse but at length the Irishe were vanquished chased so that Onolan with his sonne and diuerse other were taken prisoners But the English captaines aduertised here y t the Burkeyns Okerol in the countie of Kilkenny had for the space of two days togither done much mischief they rode with al speed vnto the town of CallaÌ„ there encountring with the aduersaries manfully put theÌ„ to flight slue Okerol .viij. C. Okeroll slaâ—â— others There went a tale and belieued of many that the Sunne stood stil for a space that day tyll the Englishmen had ridden sixe myles so muche was it thoughte that GOD fauoured the Englishe part in this enterprise if wee shall beleeue it The same yeare the Lorde Stephan Scrope passed once againe ouer into Englande and Iames Butler Erle of Ormonde was elected by the countrey Lord Iustice of Ireland In the dayes of this king Henry the fourth the Inhabitants of Corke beeing sore afflicted with perpetual oppressions of their Irish neighbors coÌ„plained themselues in a generall writing directed to the lord of Rutland Corke the kings deputie there to the counsell of the realme then assembled at Dublin which letter bycause it openeth a window to behold the state of those parties and of the whole realme of Ireland in those dayes we haue thought good to set down here as it hath bin entred by Campion according to the copie deliuered to him by Francis Agard Esquire one of y e Queenes Maiesties priuie counsell in Ireland A letter from Corke out of an old recorde that beareth no daâ—…e IT may please your wisedomes to haue pity on vs the kings poore subiects within y e couÌ„tie of Cork or else we are cast away for euer For where there are in this couÌ„ty these lords by name beside knights esquiers gentlemen yeomen to a great number that might dispend yerely .viij. C. poundes .vj. C. poundes .iiij. C. poundes two C. an hundred pounds an hundred Marks twentie pounds .xx. marks ten pounds some more some lesse to a great number beside these Lordes First the Lorde Marques Caro his yearely reuenues was besyde Dorzey hauen and other creekes two M. two C. pounds sterling The Lord Barneuale of Beerhauen his yerely reuenues was beside Bodre hauen and other creekes M. vj. C. pounds sterling â—…hinke rather greene castell The Lorde Vggan of the great Castell hys yearely reuenue beside his hauens and creekes xiij thousand poundes The Lord Balram of Enfort his yearely reuenues beside hauens and creekes M. CCC pound sterling The Lorde Curcy of Kelbretton his yearely reuenues beside hauens and creekes a thousande two hundred pound sterling The Lorde Mandeuile of Barenstelly his yearely reuenues beside hauens and creekes M. two hundred pound sterling The Lorde Arundell of the Strand his yearely reuenues beside haueÌ„s and creekes a thousand fiue hundred pounds sterling The Lord Barod of the gard his yearely reuenue beside haueÌ„s creekes M. C. pouÌ„ds sterling The Lord Steyney of Baltmore his yearely reuenue besides hauens creekes .viij. C. lb sterl The Lord Roch of Poole castell his yearly reuenues besyde hauâ—…ns and creekes ten thousande poundes sterling The kings Maiestie hath the landes of the late yong Barry by forfeyture the yearely reuenue wherof beside two riuers and creekes and al other casualties is M. viij C. pound sterling And that at the ende of this Parliament your Lordship with the kings most noble couÌ„sell may come to Corke call before you al these Lords other Irish men and bind them in pain of losse of life lands goods that neuer one of them do make warre vpon an other withoute licence or commaundement of you my lord deputie the kings counsel for the vtter destruction of these partes is that
Ambition setteth one brother agaynst another 3. 5 Anninus 3. Antragh 78 Ardscollburnt 46 Articles agreed vpon in the counsel at Casshil 10 Arthur Mac Murrow ouercome by Iames erle of Ormond 71 Arthure king of Brytaine had the Irish in subiection and tooke tribute of them 5 Articles of agreement betweene Rotherick Monarke of Ireland and Dermote king of Lunster 23 Arundell Lord of the Stand his yerely reuenues in Henrie the fourth his dayes 68 Athessell burnt 57. Athione castell burnt 53 Aylmer Girald chiefe Iustice 99. his conference with king Henrie the eight of the disorder of Irelande 106 B. BAlimore burnt 49 Ballioll Edw. king of Scots doth homage 46 Balram Lord of Enford his yearely reuenues in Henrie the fourth his dayes 68 Banchor 12 Barnevale of Beerehauen his yearely reuenues in Henrie the fourth his dayes 68 Barnewell Lorde of Trinieston surrendereth the sword to sir William Skeffington 97 Barod Lord of the garde his yearely reuenues in Henrie the fourth his dayes 68 Barby Thomas Maior of Dublin 85 Barre Philip. 39 Barre Robert a valiant Gentleman 23 Bard de Nelan an Irish Richmour 93 Bartolenus 1. Barre Robert 23 Bath William of Dollardestowne his wordes 96 Battail of Ardineigh 57. Battail of Knoctone 75 Battaile agaynst the Giants 2 Bedlow Iohn 65. Bedlow of the Roche 80 Bonneuille Iohn 51. Beterley Walter 66 Bignort Alexander Archbishoppe of Dublin â–ª 56. erecteth an Vniuersitie 57 Birmingham Walter his notable act 65 Birmingham Iohn vanquisheth the Scottes 57 is made erle of Louth 57 is made L. iustice 58 Birmingham Peter 50 Birminghams famous captaines 57 Bisset Hugh 55 Bishops how they were elected 20. maryed Byshops 13 Bithi one of the first finders out of Ireland 1 Blanchfield a Citizen of Dublin slaine 7â—… Blake Iohn Maior of Dublin 75 Boice his wordes to the Erle of Kildare 7â—… Bothum William Archbishop of Dublin 47 Boureate castle 60. Bounaght 74 Brennus king of Brytaine called into Ireland 4 Brewse Philip. 31. Bren Obren 60 Brendan Abbot 12 Brereton William knight landeth with his souldiours 90. sommoneth the castell of Maynoth scaleth the walles and aduaunceth his standarâ—… on the highest turret 97. hee is left to defende Dublyn against the rebels 99. skirmisheth with the rebelles 100 Brytayne Iohn Erle of Richmonde Lord Warden of Scotlande 50 Britons when first they entred Ireland 4 Bride Saint hir life 11 Broughtâ—…n Thomas knight 75 Bruce Edwarde brother to the king of Scottes inuadeth Irelande and causeth himselfe to bee crowned king 52. his actes there 53.55 slaine at the battaile of Ardmagh 57 Bruce Robert king of Scottes landeth in Irelande â—…4 Bruce Robert 52 Burgh William 70 Burgh Thomas 60.65 Burghes and Birminghams 54 Burgh William 51.55 Burgh Rich. erle of Vlster besiegeth Athlone 46. is taken prisoner 47. inuadeth Scotland 48 Burkeyns 67 Burnell Iohn of Balgriffin 9â—… executed at Tyburne 99 Butler Iames eldest sonne to the Erle of Ossory his letter to the Lorde Fitz Gâ—…ralde 91. hee is wounded by the rebels 93 Butler Iames Earle of Ormonde marcheth to Dublin with a great power 77. is pursued by the Citizens into Saint Patrickes church 78 his description ibid. Butler Iames Lorde of Ormonde vanquisheth Omore and his horrible armie 71. his famous exploytes 7â—… Butlers fauourers of the house of Lancaster 4 Butler Piers Erle of Ossorie marieth Margaret sister to the erle of Kildare 79. slayeth Iames a bastard Butler ibid. is appoynted Lord deputie 80. accuseth the erle of Kildare 83 Butler Edmonde his exploytes 52.55 Butler Thomas 59 Butler Walter made Erle of Vlster 44.45 Butler Theobalde 44 Butler Iames knight Lord Treasorer â—…5 C. CAlfe Henrie 49 Caltropes straweâ—… by the Irish to annoy the Danes at their landing 17 Cannon Thomas 90 Carew .63 the Marques Caro his yearely reuenues 68 Cardinals sent to king Henrie the seconde â—â— Carausius 8 Caraticus king of Britaine 14 Cashels spoyled by the Scottes 55 Cotesbach Eustace Chamberlaine of ScotlaÌ„d 50 Catholicus Archbishop of Thomond 30 Catherlaghe 64 Cathgur Oconthir king of Connagh 45 Cantreb what it is and by whome inuâ—…aded 3 Canute slaine at the siege of Dublin 18 Caâ—…nton Dauid knight 4â—… Caucocke Thomas L. Chancellour of Irelande coÌ„secrated vi of Imaley kepeth a great feast 49 Celestine 9 Celsus bishop of Ardmagh 12 Cenanus first a man of warre then a bishop 12 Cesara nece to Noe first finder out of Ireland 1 Charter of Ireland confirmed by Parliament 67 Christian bishop of Lismore summoneth a prouinciall counsaile in Ireland 20 Christ church steeple in Dublin quite burnt 46 Citrius Prince of Dublin 46 Clare Thomas sine Obrenroth king of Tholethmond 45. dyeth 46 Clare Richard discomfiteth Richard earle of Vlster with a great armye 51. slayeth 600. of the Galagheghas ibid is slaine 56 Clergie denounceth cursing agaynst the breakers of their allegiance to the king of England 35 Clentars field 19. Cocherings 74 Cogan Miles a valiant knight captaine of Dublin repulseth the enimies from the siege thereof 26. his good seruice in the ciuill warres agaynst king Henrie the seconde 37. is ioyned in commission with William Fitz Aldelme lieutenant of Ireland ibid. trayterously slaine 39 Cogan Richard 39. Cokesey Hugh 70 Colton Iohn Archbishop of Ardmagh 66 Colmolm castel taken 72. Commissioners sent into Irelande to examine the controuersies betweene the Earles of Kildare and Ossorie 81 Commissioners sent into Irelande by king Henrie the second 35 Combat 71 Comyn Iordayne slayeth Maritagh Oconguir king of Offalie 48 Combat chalenged by certain French knights 42 Commissioners sent into Ireland â–ª to examin such as were suspected with the Lord Fitz Giralde his rebellion 104 Contention for preheminence of churches 40.51 Con Oneale beareth the sworde before the Lorde deputie 81 Conereth a sauage people of Ireland 12 Conthurus 23 Conway Iohn knight president of Vlster 11 Corbi what it signifieth 67 Corke the reuenues of the Baronies within the same 68. wasted by Reymond le Grace with the English armie 36 Cormacke Mack Dermote Mack Rori ioyneth with the Lorde Iustice and vanquisheth Odonill the Irish enimie 44 Councell at Grenocke 45 Councell of the cleargie holden at Cashill 30 Countesse of Vlster a cruell woman 61 Cowes belly 100 Cowly Robert Baylife of Dublin after maister of the Rolles in Ireland 90 Crauley Thomas Archbishop of Dublin a great benefactor his death and description 70 Cragfergus besieged by the Scottes and yelded to them 55 Cromuder primate of Ardmagh 85. his description 91. his good exhortation to the Lorde Fitz Girald at his reuolting 92 Crauly Thomas Archbishop of Dublin chosen Lord Iustice 69 Crathlinth king of Scottes 8 Croftes Hugh 56 Cumin Archbishoppe of Dublin 40. buildeth the kings castell there 44. he foundeth S. Patricks church 44 Curcy Iohn conquereth Vlster 38. his fiue battails ibid he rebelleth and is taken 42. his stout answere to king Iohn ibid. his act before king Iohn the French k. his death descriptioÌ„ 43 Curcy Lord of Kelbretton his reuenues 68 Cusacke
of them so that those that should afterwardes enioy them shoulde acknowledge themselues to holde them of him in yeelding an yerely rent to him and his successors for euer with certayne other prouisions whereby in cases of forfeyture the same landes shoulde returne to him and hys sayde successors agayne The like order he appoynted to bee vsed by other possessors of lands in letting them foorth to their Tenauntes Hee ordeyned also that y e Tearmes should be kept four times in the yere in suche places as he should nominate and that the Iudges should sit in their seuerall places to iudge and decide causes and matters in controuersie betwixte partie and partie in manner as is vsed vnto thys day Hee decreed moreouer that there shoulde bee Sherifes in euery shire and Iustices of the peace to keepe the countreys in good quiet and to see offendors punished Furthermore hee instituted the Court of the Excheker The Excheker and the officers belōging to the same as the Barons the Clearkes The Chancerie and such other also y e high Court of the Chancerie And after he had in this wise ordeyned his Magistrates and Ministers of the lawes hee lastly tooke order what ordināces he would haue obserued and therevpon abrogating in manner all the aunciente lawes vsed in times past and instituted by the former Kyngs for the good order and quietnesse of the people he made new New lawes nothing so equall or easie to bee kept the whiche neuerthelesse those that came after not withoute theyr greate harme were constreyned to obserue as though it had bin an high offence against God to abolishe those euill lawes which King William being a Prince nothing friēdly to the English nation had firste ordeyned and to bring in other more easie and tollerable ▪ neyther can I in this place omitte to giue a note of that whiche may seeme to such as do indifferently consider of things a greate absurditie videlicet that those lawes whiche touched all men and ought to bee knowen of all men were notwithstanding written in the Norman tong The lawes were written in the Normā tong which the Englishmen vnderstood not so that euen at the beginning you should haue great numbers partly by the iniquitie of the lawes and partly by ignorance in misconstruing the same to bee wrongfully condemned some to deathe and some in the forfeyture of their goodes other were so ent◅ngled in sutes and causes that by no meanes they knew how to get out but continually were tossed as a post to ◅ler in suche wise that in their mindes they cured the tyme that euer these vnequall lawes were made The manner for the trial of causes in controuersie was deuised in such sort as is yet vsed Matters to be tried by a iurie of .12 mē Twelue aunciēt men but most commonly vnlearned in the lawes beeing of the same Countie where the sute lay were appoynted by y e Iudges to goe togither into some close chamber where they should bee shut vp till vpon diligent examination of the matter they shoulde agree vpon the condemnation or acquiting of the prisoner if it were in criminall causes or vppon the deciding in whom the right remayned if it were vpō triall of things in controuersie and when they were once agreed these .12 men as it were the .12 Apostles y t in the nūber yet some respect of religion euen wise appere came in before the iudges declaring what they had agred vpon which done the iudges opened it to y e offēdors or sutors and withall they pronounced them according as the qualitie of y e cause did inforce and require Thus at the firste were the twelue men appoynted and the same order is still obserued in matters of controuersie vnto this day their iudgemente also or consent is called a verdict that is to saye a true saying but I woulde to God that name myghte rightly and with good cause be euer applyed therto that men mighte haue their causes iustly adiudged rather than preiudiced by the verdictes of suche freeholders as are accustomed to serue the Prince and their Countreys at assises and Sessions There may happily be as Polidor Vergill sayth that will mayneteyne how this manner of proceeding in the administration of iustice by the voyces of a Iurie was in vse before the Conqueroures dayes but they are not able so to prooue it by any auntient recordes of writers as he thynketh albeit by some of our histories they shoulde seeme to bee firste ordeyned by Ethelred or Egelred But this is most true that the Norman Kings themselues would confesse that the lawes deuised and made by the Conqueroure were not most equall in so muche that William Rufus and Henry the sonnes of the Conquerour would at all times whē they sought to purchase the peoples fauor promise to abolish the lawes ordeyned by theyr father and establishe other more equall and to restore those whiche were vsed by Kyng Edwardes dayes The lyke kynde of purchasing fauoure was vsed by King Stephen and other Kings that followed him But their meaning was so far to the contrary that their deedes declared theyr dissimulatiō so that many of those Norman lawes remayne in force euen vnto these dayes The cause as some thinke is for that they make more to the Princes behoofe than to the commoditie of the people But now to the matter King William after hee hadde made these ordinances to keepe the people in order hee set his minde to enriche his cofers and therevppō he first appoynted a tribute to be leuied of the cōmons then hee caused the Abbeyes to be searched Math. Paris Mat. VVest VVil. Malm. VVi. Thorne Abbeys searched Polidor Simon Dun. and all suche money as any of the Englishmen hadde layde vp in the same to bee kepte and likewise their charters of priuileges made to them by the Saxon Kyngs of the lande hee seased into hys handes and spared not so muche as the iewels and plate dedicate to sacred vses And all this did hee as some write by counsell of the Earle of Hertford The first for that hee had wrongfully holden that Bishopricke whilest the Archbishop Roberte was liuing Secondly for that hee kepte also the See of Winchester in his handes after his inuestiture vnto Canterbury whiche hee ought not to haue done The cause why Thomas was depriued if the writers dissemble not though to mee it seeme vnlikely was for that hee had holpen Duke William toward his iourney into England when hee came to conquer it for the which pleasure to him then shewed the Duke promised hym a Byshopricke if euer hee obteyned the victory of the Englishe the other for that he was a Priestes sonne Furthermore when the Pope vnderstoode the full ground of their contention for the primacie of the two Sees Canterbury and Yorke VVil. Malm. and had heard what could be alledged on both sydes he remitted the determination thereof to the Kyng and Byshops of England that by
Canterbury and banished Anselme so that he stayed at Lyons in France for the space of one yere and foure monethes during whiche terme there went many letters and messages to and fro specially the Pope wrote to kyng Henry very courteous letters exhorting him to call Anselme home againe and to release his clayme to the inuestures of bishops The Pope vvriteth curteously to the king Wherevnto he coulde haue no right sith it appertained not to the office of any temporal magistrate adding furthermore if the kyng woulde giue ouer that vngodly and vsurped custome that he wold shewe suche friendly fauour in all thinges as by the sufferance of God in any wyse he mighte be able to performe and further would receyue not onely him but also his young sonne William whiche lately it had pleased God to sende him by his vertuous wyfe Quene Maude into hys protection so that who so euer hurte eyther of them should be thought to hurt the holy churche of Rome In one of the Epistles also whiche the sayde Pope writeth vnto Anselme after that the king was contented to renounce the inuestures aforesaid he willeth Anselme according to y e promise whyche hee had made to assayle as well from sinne as from penaunce due for the same bothe the King and also hys wyfe Queene Maude with all suche persons of honour as in his behalf had trauayled with the kyng to induce hym to be agreeable to his purpose 1104. The Earle of Mellent Moreouer the Earle of Mellent and Rycharde de Riuers the whiche had counselles the kyng to sticke in it at the firste and not to gyue ouer his title to suche inuestures An. regn 5. fith his â—â—ncesters had vsed the so long a time before his dayâ—… by reason whereof in renouncing his ryghte to the same he shoulde doe a thing greately preiudiciall to his royall estate and Princely Maiestie were nowe earneste trauaylers to agree the kyng and the Pope The king persuaded to renounce his title to the inuesture of prelats Eadmâ—…rus and so in the ende the kyng was perswaded by Anselme and them to giue ouer his holde whyche hee performed resignyng the inuestures with staffe and ring notwithstanding that hee still reserued the right of ElectioÌ„s and suche other royalties as otherwyse appertained to hys Maiestie so that suche Bishoppes as had done homage to the kyng were not disabled thereby but quietly permitted to receyue theyr iurisdictions Duke Robert commeth into Englande to visite his brother About this tyme also Roberte Duke of Normandie came into Englande to see his brother and through the sugred wordes and sweete entertaynmeÌ„t shewed to him by the king he released the yerely tribute of .3000 marks whiche he shuld haue had out of the realme by the agrement as before ye haue hearde but â—…hirâ—…ly in deede at the request of the Queene being instructed by hir husbande howe she shoulde vse the matter wyth him that was knowne to be free liberall without any greate consideration what he presentlye graunted After he hadde bene here a certaine tyme and sported him with his brother and sister hee returned into Normandie and shortely after begunne to repente him of his follye in being so liberall as to releasse the foresayde tribute And here vpon also he menaced the king and openly in his reproch sayd that he was craftily circumuented by him and in the ende â—â—atly beguyled There were diuers in Normandie that desired nothing more earnestly than to sette the two brethren at square namely Roberte de Belâ—â—me erle of Shrewsbury VV. Malm. Factious persons practise to set the tvvo brethren at variance and William erle of Morâ—…aigne these two wer banished 〈…〉 Englande â–ª the one that is to say the erle of Shrewsbury by the kings comaundement for his rebellous attempts as before ye haue hearde and the other that is to wit the earle of Mortaigne The erle of Mortaigne left the land of his owne wilful and stubborn minde 〈◊〉 himself only for the hatred which he 〈◊〉 vnto the king â–ª for being not contented with the Earledome of Mortaigne in Normandie and the erledome of Cornwall in England he made suite also for the Earledome of Rent whiche his vncle Odo sometyme helde and bicause he was not only denyed of that his 〈◊〉 but also by order of lawe had certaine parcels of lande taken from him which he wrongfully deceyued he got him into Normandie and there made war both against those places which the king held 〈…〉 and also against other Richard earle of Chester which belonged to Richard erle of Chester who was then vnder gouernment of the king by reason of his minoritie The threatnyng woordes of Duke Roberte commyng at the last to King Henries eares by such as coulde sette them foorth in woorâ—…er sorte than peraduenture they were spoken caused hym foorthwith to conceyue righte high displeasure againste the Duke A povver of men sent into Normandie â–ª in so muche that he sent ouer a power into Normandie whiche fynding no greate resistance did muche hurte in the countrey by fetchyng and carying spoyles and prayes Agayne the Normans rather fauoured than fought to hinder the enterprise of king Henry bicause they sawe howe duke Robert with his foolishe prodigalitie and vndiscreete liberalitie had made away al that belonged to his estate so that of the whole duchie of Normandie hee had not any citie or towne of name left in his owne possession Roan only excepted which he also would haue departed with Gemeticensis if the Citezens would haue consented to any suche alienation King Henry therfore beâ—…ing of the good successe of his men 1105. The K. passeth ouer into Normandie Anno reg 6. St. Dunelm Gemeticensis Polidor passed ouer hymself soone after with a mightie armie 〈◊〉 tooke with small trauaile Eâ—…reur or as other haue Baicus and Cane which cities when he had furnished with sufficient garnisons of men he repassed the sea again into Englande â–ª bycause the wynter began to approche and the wether waxed troublesom for such as lay in the fielde Herevpon duke Robert considering with himself how vnable he was by reason that his people fayled him at nede to resist king Henrie sith the Brytaines also and they of Aniow tooke parte with the sayd king he thoughte good to lay armour aside and to passe ouer into Englande to entreate with him by way of brotherly frendship in full hope by that meanes to auoid this present daunger 1106. which he did But at his arriuall here â–ª he learned howe the king his brother as then was at Northampton An. reg 7. wherfore he hasted thyther and comming to him he made earnest 〈◊〉 for peace beseeching the king in respecte of brotherly loue to graunt the same or if it were that he regarded not the good will of his naturall brother he required him to consider at the leaste wise what appertayned to his accustomed
he doubted shee shortly would Moreouer he aduanced many yoÌ„g lustie Gentlemen to great liuings For such as were of any noble family VVil. Mal. in nouellâ—… historia and thereto through a certaine stoutenesse of stomack sought prefermeÌ„t easily obteyned of him the possession of Castels great Lordships and diuerse of them he honored with titles of dignitie creating some of theÌ„ Erles and some of them Lords And such was their importunate sute also in demaunding that when he had little more to bestow amongst them hauing alreadie giuen sundrie portions that belonged to the crowne they ceassed not to be in hande wyth him for more and beeing denied with reasonable excuses on his behalfe they thought themselues not well delt withal so turned from him fortifying their Castels and holdes made opeÌ„ warre against him as hereafter shall appeare King Dauid also was of a fierce courage and readie ynough to haue giuen him battell but yet when he beheld the English standarts in the field had diligently viewed their order and behauior he was at the last coÌ„tented to giue eare to such as entreated for a peace on both sides and so coÌ„ming vnto K. Stephen he made a friendly peace with him wherin he surreÌ„dred vp Newcastel with coÌ„dition that he should retaine Cumberlande by the free graunt of K. Stephen An accorde made betwixt the two kings Stephen and Dauid who hoped thereby to find king Dauid the more faithfull vnto him in time of neede but yet he was deceyued as afterwards it manifestly appeared For when K. Stephen required of him an othe of allegiance he answered that hee was once sworne alreadie vnto Mawde the Empresse But yet to gratifie him withall he coÌ„maunded his son Henrie to receyue that othe for the which the K. gaue vnto him the Erledome of Huntington to hold of him for euer Hec. Boctius The Scottish Chronicles set out the matter in other order but yet all agree that Henry sware fealtie to K. Stephen as in the sayde Historie of Scotland you may see more at large King Stephen after he had concluded a peace with K. Dauid returned to London and there kept his Easter with greate ioy and triumphes Simon Dun. Math. Paris And whilest he was yet in the middest of all hys pastime about the Rogation weeke he chaunced to fallsick of a litargie Sim. Dunel King Stephen sicke by reason wherof a rumor was spred ouer all the realme that he was deade And though this was but a vaine tale and of no importance at the first yet was it after the occasion of much euill For vpon the report of that rumour greate sedition was raysed by the kings enimies amongest the people False rumors what burt they oftentimes do and that more was the myndes of his friendes were alienated from him and many of the Normans which beeing enured with periuries and treasons thought they might boldly attempt all mischiefes that came to hande and herevpon they tooke vpon them to defende some one place and some another Hugh Bigot Baldwin Reduers Robert Quisquire Hugh Bigot Earle of Norffolke a valiaunt chieftaine entred into Norwich Baldwin Reduers tooke Exeter and Robert Quisquere got certaine Castels also into his handes King Stephen hearing what his enimies had done though hee was somewhat mooued wyth this alteration of things yet as one nothing afrayde of the matter he sayde merily to those that stoode about him we are aliue yet God be thanked and that shall bee knowne to our enimyes ere ought long Neither doubted hee any thing but some secrete practise of treason and therefore vsing all diligence he made the more haste to goe agaynst hys enimies whose attemptes though streight wayes hee for the more part repressed yet coulde hee not recouer the places that they had gotten without much adoe as Exeter and other which when he had obteyned he contented himselfe for a time whiche many manne would not haue done and followed not the victorie any further in pursuing of his aduersaries Wherevpon they became more bolde afterwarde than before And soone after they practised diuerse things agaynst him whereof God willing some in places conuenient shall appeare Howbeit they permitted him to remain in quiet for a time Polidor But whilest he studied to take order in things aboute home perceyuing howe no small number of his subiects did dayly shewe themselues to beare him no heartie good will hee beganne by little and little to take away those liberties from the people which in the beginning of his raign he had granted vnto them and to dente those promises which hee had made according to the saying That which I haue giuen I would I had not giuen that which remayneth I will keepe still This sodaine alteration and 〈◊〉 kind of tough dealing purchased him in the ende great 〈◊〉 amongst all men And in Normandie about the same time great commotions were caysed about the Lorde Geffrey Earle of Aniou husbande to Mawde the Empresse Geffray Earle of Aniou setting the whole Countrey in trouble but ere any newes thereof came into England K. Stephen goeth against Baldwin Reduers who being lately though not without great and long siege expulsed out of Exeter got him into the I le of Wight and there began to deuise a newe conspiracie Howbeit the king comming sodainely into the I le Simon Dun. VVil. Paruus Polidor tooke it at the fyrst assault and exiled Baldwyn oute of the realme Hauing thus with good successe finished thys enterprise An. Reg. 2 1137 King Stephen passeth into Normandie and being now aduertised of the businesse in NormaÌ„die he sayled thither with a great army and being come within two dayes iourney of his enimie the Erle of Aniou he sent forth hys whole power of horsmeÌ„ deuided into three partes which were not gone past a dayes iourney forward but that they encountred with the Earle finding him with no great force about him and thervpoÌ„ giuing the charge vpoÌ„ him They Earle of Aniou put to flight they put him to flight slue many of his people This enterprise in this maner valiantly atchieued euen according to the minde of K. Stephen he ioyned in friendship with Lewes the seuenth K. of France Lewes king of France And hauing lately created his son Eustace Duke of Normandie hee presently appoynted him to doe his homage vnto the sayde Lewes for the same Eustace son to King Stephen Mat. Par. The obald erle oâ—… Bloys Also whereas his elder brother The obalde Earle of Bloys at that time being in Normandie found himselfe grieued that Stephen being the yonger brother had vsurped in the landes that belonged to theyr Vncle King Henrie rather than himselfe to stoppe his iust complayne he agreed with him King Stephen agreeth with the Earle of Aniou couenanting to paye him yearely two thousande Markes of suche currant money as was then in vse Furthermore whereas Geoffrey Earle of Aniou
the duke with him to London doing to him all the honour he coulde deuise The news wherof being spred abrode euery good man that was the childe of peace reioyced thereat And thus through the great mercie of our God peace was restored vnto the decayed state of this realme of England These things being thus accomplished with great ioy and tokens of loue K. Stephen and his new adopted sonne duke Henry tooke leaue either of other appoynting shortly after to meete againe at Oxford there to perfect euerie article of their agreement which was thus accorded a little before Christmas And for the more perfect vnderstanding of the same agreemēt I haue thought good to set down the verie tenor of the charter thereof made by king Stephen as I haue copied it and translated it into Englishe oute of an autentike booke conteyning the olde Lawes of the Saxon and Danishe Kinges in the ende whereof the same Charter is exemplifyed whiche booke is remayning with the right worshipfull William Fleetewoodde Esquire nowe Recorder of London The Charter of King Stephen of the pacification of the troubles betwixt him and Henrie Duke of Normandie STephen king of Englande to all Archbishops Bishops Abbots Earles Iusticers Sherifes Barons and all his faythfull subiectes of England sendeth greeting Know ye that I K. Stephen haue ordeyned Henry Duke of Normandie after me by right of inheritance to be my successour and heyre of the kingdome of England and so haue I giuen and graunted to him his heyres the kingdome of England For the which honor gift and cōfirmation to him by me made he hath done homage to mee and with a corporall othe hath assured mee that he shall bee faythfull and loyall to mee and shall to his power preserue my life and honour and I on the other syde shall mainteyne and preserue him as my sonne and heyre in all things to my power and so farre as by any wayes or meanes I may And William my son hath done his lawfull homage William son to king Stephen and assured his fidelitie vnto the sayd Duke of Normandie and the Duke hath graunted to him to holde of him all those tenements and holdings which I helde before I atteyned to the possession of the Realme of Englande wheresoeuer the same be in England Normandie or else where and whatsoeuer he receyued with the daughter of Earle Warrenne Earle of Warrenne eyther in Englande or Normandie and likewyse whatsoeuer apperteyneth to those honours and the Duke shall putte my sonne William and hys menne that are of that honour in full possession and seasine of all the landes Boroughes and rentes whiche the Duke thereof nowe hath in his Demaine and namely of those that belong to the honour of the Earle Warrenne and namely of the Castelles of Bellencumber The Castels Bellen Cumber and Mortimer and Mortimer so that Reginalde de Warrenne shall haue the keeping of the same Castelles of Bellencumbre and of Mortimer if hee wyll and therevppon shall gyue Pledges to the Duke and if he wyll not haue the keeping of those Castelles then other liege men of the sayde Earle Warrenne whome it shall please the Duke to appoynte shall by sure Pledges and good suretye keepe the sayde Castelles And moreouer the Duke shall delyuer vnto him according to my will and pleasure the other Castelles whiche are belonging vnto the Earledome of Mortaigne by safe custodie and pledges The Erledom of Mortaigne so soone as he conueniently may so as all the pledges are to bee restored vnto my sonne free so soone as the Duke shall haue the Realme of Englande in possession The augmentation also whiche I haue gyuen vnto my sonne William he hath likewise graunted the same to hym to witte the Castell and Towne of Norwiche wyth seuen hundred pounde in landes Norwich so as the rentes of Norwiche bee accounted as parcell of the same seuen hundred pounde in landes and all the Countie of Norffolke the profites and rentes excepted whiche belong to Churches Bishoppes Abbottes Earles and namely also excepted the thirde pennie whereof Hugh Bygot is Earle Hugh Bigot sauing also and reseruing the Kings royall iurisdiction for administration of iustice Also the more to strengthen my fauour and loue to hymwardes the Duke hath gyuen and graunted vnto my sayde sonne whatsoeuer Richer de Aquila hath of the honour of Peuensey Richer de Egle. And moreouer the Castell and Towne of Peuensey and the seruice of Faremouth besyde the Castell and Towne of Douer and whatsoeuer apperteyneth to the honour of Douer The Duke hath also confyrmed the Churche of Feuersham wyth the appurtenaunces and all other things gyuen or restored by mee vnto other Churches The Church of Feuersham hee shall confyrme by the counsayle and aduice of holye Churche and of mee The Earles and Barons that belong to the Duke whiche were neuer my leeges for the honoure whiche I haue done to theyr Maister they haue nowe done homage and sworne feaultie to mee the couenauntes alwayes saued betwixte mee and the sayde Duke The other whiche hadde before done homage to mee haue sworne feaultie to mee as to theyr soueraigne Lorde And if the Duke shoulde breake and goe from the premysses then are they altogyther to ceasse from doyng hym anye seruice tyll hee refourme hys mysdoings And my Sonne also is to constrayne hym thereto according to the aduice of holye Churche if the Duke shall chaunce to goe from the couenauntes afore mentioned My Earles and Barons also haue done theyr liege homage vnto the Duke sauyng theyr faythe to mee so long as I liue and shall holde the Kingdome wyth lyke condition that if I doe breake and goe from the premytted couenauntes that then they maye ceasse from doing to me any seruice till the tyme I haue refourmed that which I haue done amysse The Citizens also of Cityes and those persones that dwell in Castelles whiche I haue in my Demayne by my commaundemente haue done Homage and made assuraunce to the Duke sauyng the fidelitye whiche they owe to me during my lyfe and so long as I shall holde the Kingdome They whiche keepe the Castell of Wallingforde haue done theyr Homage to mee Walingforde Castell and haue gyuen to mee Pledges for the obseruing of theyr fidelitie And I haue made vnto the Duke suche assurance by the coūsaile and aduice of holy Church of the Castelles and strengthes whiche I holde that when I shall departe this lyfe the Duke thereby may not runne into any losse or impechment whereby to bee debarred from the Kingdome The Tower of London Mota de Winsor Richarde de Lucie The Tower of London and the Fortresse of Windsor by the counsaile and aduice of holy Churche are deliuered vnto the Lorde Rycharde de Lucie safely to be kept which Richarde hath taken an othe and hath delyuered his sonne in pledge to remayne in the handes and custodie of the Archbishop of Canterburie that after my
of theyr tentes to hinder the English men of their purpose King Lewes therefore being thus vexed with his enimies on eche syde and perceyuing the Citie woulde not be wonne wythin any shorte tyme beganne to waxe wearie and to repente himselfe as afore for taking in hande so chargeable and great a warre for another mans quarell And herevppon caused William Bishoppe of Sens And Theobalde Earle of Bloys The French king maketh an ouercure for peace to goe vnto King Henrie and to promise vppon abstenence of warre to be had for a tyme to finde meanes to agree hym and his sonnes King Henrie being most desyrous hereof taking a truce appoynted to come vnto Gysors Nic. Triuet A truce in the feast of the Natiuitie of our Ladie and there to meete King Lewes that they myght talke of the matter to bring it to some good passe The French King so soone as hee vnderstoode that truce was taken The French king leaueth his siege raysed his siege and returned home and within a fewe dayes after according to the appoyntment came to Gysors and there communed with King Henrie but bycause he could not make any agreement betwixt him and his sonnes at that time he appoynted an other time to meete about it King Henrie the father whilest the truce continued with the French king and with his sonne Henrie went into Poictow where his sonne Richard whilest his father had beene occupied in other places had gotte the most part of the countrey into hys possession but nowe hearing of his fathers comming and howe that truce was taken with the french king and with his brother he considered with himselfe that without their assistance he was not able to withstand his fathers power Richarde the kings sonne prepareth to resist his father At length yet choosing rather to trie the matter with force of armes than recreantly to yeelde he repayreth for defence furnishing diuerse townes and castels with garisons of meÌ„ and assembling togither al the other power that he was able to make commeth into the field and pitched downe his tentes not farre of from his father In the meane while which way soeuer his father passed the townes and Castelles submit themselues vnto him He beginneth to dispayre of god successe so that Richarde beganne to dispayre in the matter insomuch that he durst not approch neare vnto his father but kept allofe doubting to be entrapped At length when he had considered his owne state and weyed howe vnthankefully the French king and his brother had dealt with him Polidor in hauing no consideration of him at the tyme when they tooke truce he determined to alter his purpose and hauing some good hope in his fathers clemencie thought best to trie it which he found to be the best way that he could haue taken For so oftentymes it chauÌ„ceth y t latter thoughts 〈◊〉 better aduised than the first Herevpon thys Richard laying armour aside commeth of hys owne accorde vnto his father 〈…〉 himâ—â—â— the 〈…〉 vpon the .xxj. of September and asketh pardon His father moste courteously receyuing him made so much of him as though he had not offended at all Which example of curtesie did much to the alluring of hys other sonnes to come to a reconciliation For the bringing whereof to speedie effect he sent this Richarde vnto king Lewes and to his other sonne Henrie to commen with them of peace at which time Erle Richard did so effectually his message that he brought them both in good forwardnesse to agree to his fathers purpose so that there was a day appoynted for them to meete with hys father betwixt Towres in Touraigne and Amboise King Henrie reioysing hereat kept his day being the morrow after the feast of Saint Michaell and there met him both king Lewes Gor. Do. The father and sonnes are accorded The conditions of the agreement and his two sonnes Henrie and Geffrey where finally the father and the sonnes were accorded Hee promising to receyue them into fauor vpon these conditions First the prisoners to be released freely without raunsome on both sides and their offences to be likewise pardoned which had taken eyther the one part or the other Excepted out of this article Rog. Houed all those which before the concluding of this peace had alreadie compounded for theyr raunsomes as the king of Scots the Earles of Leicester and Chester and Raufe Fulgiers with their pledges Also it was agreed that all those Castels which had bene buylded in time of thys warre should be razed throwne downe and all such cities townes Castels countreys places which had bene woon by either part during these warres shoulde bee restored vnto those persones that helde the same and were in possession of them .xv. dayes before the departure of the sonnes from king Henrie the father Againe king Henrie the father should assigne to his sonnes more larger reuenues for maintenance of theyr estates with a caution included that they shoulde not spende the same riotouslye in any prodigall sort or maner First to the king his sonne Rog. Hoâ—â— he gaue two Castels in Normandie with an encrease of yearely reuenues to the summe of .xv. thousande pounde Aniouyn Richard And to his sonne Richard he gaue also two houses in Poictou with the one halfe of al the reuenues of the Countie of Poictou to be receyued in money Geffrey Vnto his sonne Geffrey hee graunted also in money the moitie of that which he should haue by the mariage of Erle Conanes daughter and after that he had maried hir by license purchased of the Pope he shoulde enioy all the whole liuings and reuenues that discended to hir as in hir fathers wryting thereof more at large was conteyned On the other part king Henrie the sonne couenanted and graunted to and with the King his father that hee shoulde perfourme and confyrme all those gyftes of almes whiche his father shoulde graunt oute of his landes and also all those gyftes of landes which hee eyther had made and assured or hereafter shoulde make and assure vnto any of his men for any of their seruices And likewise those gyftes whiche hee had made vnto his sonne Iohn the brother of King Henrie the sonne that is to witte Iohn a thousande poundes in landes by yeare in Englande of his demaine and excheates with the appurtenaunces and the Castell and Countie of Notingham with the Castell of Marlebrough and the appurtenances Also a thousand poundes Aniouyn of yearely reuenues in Normandie and two Castelles there And in Aniou a thousande poundes Aniouyn of suche landes as belonged to the Earle of Aniou with one Castell in Aniou and one in Touraine and another in Maine Thus were the father and sonnes agreed and made friendes the sonnes couenanting neuer to withdrawe theyr seruices and bounden dueties from theyr father but to obey him in all things from that day forwarde Herewith also the peace was renued betwixt King Henrie
maners of meanes and so fell in hand therewyth vsing no small diligence therin vnto the great griefe and hurt of conscience of many he had power to staye the bestowing of benefices tyll he was satisfied to the full contentation of his mynde Benefices of small valew hee regarded not greatly but suche as were good liuynges in deede felt hys heauye and rauenous handes extended towardes them He had power also to excommunicate to suspende and punyshe all suche as shoulde resiste his will althoughe neuer so wilfully bent in somuche that it was saide he had sundrye blankes vnder the Popes bulled seale bycause that vpon the sodayn hee brought forthe suche as seemed beste to serue for his purpose Hee vsed this his vnmeasurable aucthoritie to the vttermost and therin did not forget his own profit but tooke palfreis and other presentes of religious men as he thought good But to declare all the practises of this the Popes agent it wold be too long a processe Finally when men sawe suche vnreasonable couetousnesse and polling The nobles coÌ„playne to the king of the Popes collectour some of the nobilitie of the Realme not able longer to beare it came to the Kyng and exhibited to hym theyr complaint hereof namely for that the Popes procurator bestowed diuers riche prebends and other roomths in Churches vnto straungers knowen to be infamed for vsurie simonie and other heinous vices whiche had no respect to preaching nor to keping of any hospitalitie for mainteinaunce wherof their auncetors had giuen forth theyr landes to the enriching of the Churche not meaning to haue the same bestowed on such maner of persons The Kyng vnderstoode that truthe it was which was tolde him The king vvriteth to the Pope and therfore writte to the Pope in humble wise beseching hym of his fatherly care to take order for some redresse therin Polidore The king asketh counsell hovv to proceede in hys vvarres against the French K. Aboute this tyme the Kyng beganne to renewe his imagination for the following of the warres againste the Frenche Kyng and therfore asked the aduice of his counsell how hee might best attempt the recouerie of those lands in Fraunce whiche were wrongfully deteyned from him The moste parte of all his auncient counsellors were of this opinion that to make warre agayn in truste of others ayde as had bin attempted so often before without any profit should be no wisdom and therfore he ought either to forbeare or els so to prouide hymselfe of power sufficieÌ„t without trusting to the support of straungers as he might be able with his owne puissaunce and force to atchiue his enterprise for otherwise his trauaile shuld proue but vaine and to very small effect The Kyng perswaded wyth these sound reasons thought not good to attempt any thyng more touchyng the sayde warre vnaduisedly And to the ende it should not be said how he trusted in vain vpon the aide of strangers he caused all such possessions as the Normans helde in Englande to be coÌ„fiscated The pâ—… of the Noâ—… confiscated to the inteÌ„t that aswel the Normans as Britons and Poictouins might well vnderstande that he mynded not from thenceforth to credite the false promises of rebelles as he that woulde nowe vse only the seruice of his owne people the englishmeÌ„ which in respect of others painted promises he had before contemned The occasion that moued the king so to disinherit the Normans Math. Paâ—… The occâ—… vvhy the â—…mand vveâ—… disiâ—…d chiefly rose of the French Kynges dealing who aboute the same tyme calling to hym all those that had lands in England required them eyther to sticke vnto him inseparably either els to the King of England sithe no man might serue two masters Whervpon some forsaking theyr landes in England liued on those whiche they had in France and other forsoke those liuings whyche they had in Fraunce and came ouer into England to liue on those possessions whyche they had here But in the Frenche Kyngs doynges was no enforcing of men eyther to forsake the one or the other wherfore the proceedings of the Kyng of Englande seemed somwhat more iniurious partly sounded to the breach of the truce How beit al was passed ouer without apparaÌ„t trouble Whilest all things were thus in quiet the kyng himselfe not troubled with any outward warres Polid. Math. Paâ—… Mat. VVâ—… Dauid Prince of VVales meaneth as subâ—… 〈◊〉 to the Pope the Welchemen who thoughe they wer subdued yet could not rest in quiet receiue agayne the fornamed Dauid to theyr Prince the whyche for a pollicye determined hymselfe to make offer to the Pope to holde his lande of hym yelding therefore yearely vnto hym the summe of fiue hundreth markes as is saide to the end that vnder the wings of the Popes protection he might shadowe hymselfe and be defended against all men at length by large gifts of no small summes of money he purchased letters of the Pope in hys fauour to the preiudice of the crown of EnglaÌ„d as touching the right whiche the King of Englande had to the dominion of Wales as by the tenor thereof it may appeare beginning as here ensueth Alexander Dei gratia Rex Scotia omnibus Christi fidelibus hoc scriptum visuris vel audituris The â—… Alexaâ—… Scotlanâ—… to Henryâ—… thirdâ—… Salutem Ad vestram volumus venire notitiam nos pro nobis haeredibus nostris concessisse fideliter promisisse charissimo ligio Domino nostro Henrico tertio dei gratia regi Angliae illustri Domino Hiberniae Duci Normaniae Aquitaniae Comiti Andegauiae eius haeredibus quod imperpetuum bonam fidem ei seruabimus pariter amorem Et quod nunquam aliquod foedus inierum per nos vel per aliquos alios ex parte nostra cum inimicis Domini regis Angliae vel haeredum suorum ad bellum procuranduÌ„ vel faciendum vnde damâ—… eis vel regnissuis Angliae Hibernia aut câ—…teris terris suis eueniat vel possit aliquatenus enere nisi nos iniuste grauent stantibus in suo rebere conuentionibus inter nos dictuÌ„ dominum egem Angliae initis vltimo apud Eboracum in presentia domini Othonis tituli S. Nicholai in carcere Tulliano diaconi Cardinalis tuÌ„c apostolicae sedis legati in Anglia Et saluis conuentionibus super matrimonio contrahendo inter filiuÌ„ nostiuÌ„ filiaÌ„ dicti domini regis Anglia Et vt haec nostra concessio promissio pro nobis haeredibus nostris perpetuae firmitatis robur obtineant fecimus iutare in animaÌ„ nostram Alanum OstiaruÌ„ HenrieuÌ„ de Baliol Dauid de Lâ—…ndesey VVilhelmuÌ„ Gifford quod omnia praedicta bona fide firmiter fideliter obseruabaâ—… Et similiter iurari fecimus venerabiles patres Dauid VVilhelmâ—… GalfriduÌ„ Clemente Sunâ—… Andreae Glascomensem Dunkâ—…denfem Dublinâ—… sem episcopos Et praeterea MaltolmuÌ„ comite de Fâ—… fideles nostros Patricium Comiteâ—…
returned oute of the holy lande and from thence he was royally by the same king Lewes brought vnto Paris The CouÌ„tessâ—… of Cornewall The Countesse of Cornwall went ouer with a noble trayne of Lordes Gentlemen and others to bee present at thee meeting of hir two sisters the Queens of England France so that the royaltie of the assemble on ech part was great Finally after that king Henry had continued for his pleasure certaine dayes hee returned streight into Englande 1255 landing at Douer in Christmasse week This iourney into Gascoigne was right costly and to small purpose as wryters haue recorded for the kings charges amounted to the summe of .xxvij. hundred thousande poundes and aboue except landes and rentes which he gaue vnaduisedly to those which little deserued but rather sought the hynderance both of him and his Realme besydes the gyfte of .xxx. thousand Markes which he bestowed vpon hys halfe brethren by the mother side not reckening the landes nor rentes neyther yet the wardes nor the horses nor Iewelles which he gaue to them besides being of price inestimable And thus in two iourneys which he made the one into Poictou which Countrey hee lost and the other into Gascoigne which he hardly preserued he spent more treasure than a wise chapman would haue giuen for them both if they had beene set on sale as Mat. Paris writeth Aboute the quindene of Easter A Parliaâ—… there was a Parliament holdeÌ„ at London at the which were assembled all the estates of the realme in greater number than had bin coÌ„monly seene This ParliameÌ„t was called chiefly to let theÌ„ vnderstand y e kings necessitie of money for discharging of hys debts to require them of their ayde towards the same but whereas he requested more than was thought stoode wyth reason The estates â—…fuse to grâ—… a subsâ—… they woulde not agree therevnto but they desired that he woulde confyrme and without all cauillation sweare to obserue the liberties which by the charter bee had promised to hold Moreouer they required y t by the common councell of the Realme they myghte choose to them the chiefe Iustice the Chauncelloure and Treasurer but they were aunswered playnely by some of the priuie Councell that this request would at no hand be graunted Furthermore the Prelates complayned that they were driuen to pay the tenthes whiche they promised condicionally as it were now by constreynt and of duetie to the preiudice of the liberties of the Church The nobles also found themselues greeded for the exactions which they sawe at hand but finally after many thyngs had bene debated touching these matters the Parliamente was adiourned till Michaelmas nexte â—…e Parliaâ—…nt adiourâ—… and euery man departed to his home with no greate trust of the Kyngs good will towards them nor anye harty thankes receyued of hym for theyr paynts as may be thought by that whyche writers haue recorded Two noble men to whome the custody and guyding of the Kyng Queene of Scottes was committed â—…bert de Ros â—… Iohn Balâ—… accursed that is to witte Robert de Ros and Iohn de Baillioll were accursed for misusing themselues in the trust and charge whyche they had taken vpon them King Henry was the same time at Nottingham The information came foorth by a Phisition the which was sente from the Queene of England vnto hir daughter the Queene of Scottes to be about hir for regard of hir health â—…ginald de â—…a Phisiâ—… but bycause the same Phisition whose name was Reginalde of Bathe perceyued the Queene of Scottes to bee empayred in health through anguish of minde by reason of the misdemeanor of such as had the gouernemeÌ„t of hir and hir husbaÌ„d he sticked not to blame and reprooueâ—… then 〈◊〉 their doings for the whiche hee was poysoned as some thinke for ther truth was he shortly after sickened and dyed signifying vppon his death bed vnto the Queene of Englande what he misliked in those that had the doings about hir daughter and hir husband the Scottishe Kyng Finally the King and Queene of Englande came to amenâ—…ew with the King of Scottes and the Queene theyr daughter and setting all things with them in such order as was thought conueniente they returned agayne towarde the South parties A shift to get money of the Bishops deuised by the Bishop of Hereforde In the meane season the Bishop of Hereforde deuised a shift to help y e King to money towards the payment of his debtes by obteyning certayne autentâ—…e seales of the Prelates of this land with whiche he sealed certayne instruments and writings wherein it was expressed that he had receyued dyuers summes of money for dispatche of businesse perteyning to them and to their Churches of this and that merchaunt of Florence or Siena whereby they stoode bound for repayment thereof by the same instruments and writings to made by him theyr agent in theyr names Thys shift was deuised by the sayde Byshop of Herford with licence obteyned therevnto of the king and also of the Pope vnto whome for the same intent the sayd Byshop was sent with Sir Robert Walerane Knight The Pope was the sooner perswaded to graunte licence for the contriuing of suche manner of shift bycause the money should goe to the discharging of the kings debts into the whiche hee was runne by bearing the charges of the warres against the King of Sicill The same yeare the King by the procuremeÌ„t of his brother Richard Earle of Cornewall had seased the liberties of the Citie of London into his owne hands The liberties of London seased into the Kings handes vnder coulour that the Maior hadde not done his duetie in the iust punishing of Bakers for breaking of the assises of their bread Herevpon where the Maior and communaltie of the Citie had by the Kings graunte the Citie to ferme with diuers customes and offices at a certayne rate and stinted summe of money nowe the Kyng set officers therein at his pleasure whiche were accomptable to him for all the reâ—…enewes and profites that grewe within the Citie But where as the malice whiche the Earle of Cornewall bare to the Citie was for that they would not exchaunge with him certayn grounds that belonged to their communaltie they were glad to agree with him and pay vnto him sixe hundred markes After whiche agreemente concluded about the ninteenth daye of Nouember they were shortly after restored to theyr liberties This chaunced before the Kings comming ouer who at his comming to London lodged in the Tower and vpon newe displeasure conceyued towards the Citie for the escape of a prisoner beeing a Clearke conuict out of Newgate which had killed a Prior that was of allâ—…aunce to the Kyng as Cousin to the Queene the King sent for the Maior and theâ—… Pherises to â—…orde before him to aunswere the matter The Maior layde the faulte from hym to the Sherifes for so muche as to them belonged the keeping of all the prisoners within
Edwarde At the solempnitie of this coronation there were let goe at libertie catche them that catche myght fiue hundred great horses by the King of Scottes the Erles of Cornwall Caxton Gloucester Pembroke Warren and others as they were alighte beside theyr backs On saint Nicholas euen there chaunced suche an earthquake with lightning and thunder and therewythall the appearing of the breÌ„ning drake and a blasing starre called a comete that the people were brought into no small feate vpon consideration thereof But nowe to the poynte of the historie Kyng Edward at the fyrste like a prudente prince chose foorth of the wysest and worthyest men to be of his cousell to purchase the loue of his subiects whose myndes were somwhat offended towardes his father by reason that he refused to keepe promise wyth them touchyng the restitution of gentle and fauourable lawes Kyng Edwarde shewed himselfe so gentle towardes all degrees of men that he seemed to excede the reasonable bonds of curteous humanitie muche more than became his royall estate After this 1275. An. Reg. 3. he reformed dyuers lawes and statutes and deuised some new ordinaÌ„ces greatly for the wealthe of the realme He helde his first Parliament at Westminster A parliament where the ordinances were made called the statute of Westminster the first The statute of VVestminster The Prince of VVales Llevvellin To this Parliament was the prince of Wales Lewelin summoned to come and doe his homage hauing bin requested first to come to the kings coronation but he refused and nowe hauing summonance to come to this Parliament he excused hymself affirming that hee durste not come for feare of certayne noble men that laye in wayte for his life requiring to haue pledges deliuered for his safe comming and going the Kyngs son and Gilbert Earle of Gloucester with Robert Burnell the Lord Chauncellour The Kyng was greatly offended with suche a presumptuous demaunde but passed it ouer till after the ende of the Parliament The king coÌ„meth to Chester and then repairing to Chester he sent eftsoones messengers to the said Llewelin requiring to come and doe his homage but hee still detracted time so that in the ende the Kyng reysed an armye meanyng to recouer that by force whiche otherwise he could not obteine by quiet meanes This yeare the people payd a fifteenth to the Kyng of all theyr temporall goodes which was sayde to be graunted firste to his father Mat. VVest Bracton bishop of Hereforde departeth this lyfe The same yeare departed this life Iohn Breton bishoppe of Hereford who being very experte in the lawes of the lande compiled a booke of them called to Bâ—…eton The eleueâ—… September 〈◊〉 generall earthquake chauâ—… betwixt the first houre and thirde of the 〈◊〉 daye the Church of Saint Michaell on the 〈◊〉 wythout Glastenbury was therwyth throwen downe to the grounde 〈◊〉 after this it rained bloude in the countrey 〈◊〉 Wales It raiâ—… 〈◊〉 as 〈◊〉 prodigy â—…se euill token to that â—…tion wyth whose bloude shortly after that Region was in many places maysted and stayned For as it chaunced shortly after 1276 An. reg â—… Lleweâ—…n the sonne of of Griffyn came to haue the gouernement of Wales who partly to reyse newe sediâ—… in England and partly to purchase hym friendship and alyaunce in Fraunce sente vnto the Phillippe requiring of him that he myght 〈◊〉 in marriage the Ladye Eleanor daughter to Symon Mauntfort Earle of Leycester the whiche togyther wyth hir mother and 〈◊〉 Emerike remayned as banyshed persoâ—… in France The French K. granted his request and sent hir vnder the conducte of hir saide â—…ther to be conueyed into Wales vnto Lâ—…lin who had promised to marry hir Bâ—…e they approched to Wales at the Isle of â—…y bothe the brother and sister were taken by â—…e shippes of Bristowe The 〈◊〉 Mâ—… 〈…〉 pâ—… 〈…〉 of 〈…〉 the owners wherof that so tooke them sent them vnto Kyng Edwarde When Llewelin vnderstood that his wife was takeÌ„ from him by the way as she was coÌ„ming he was not a little wrothe Lâ—… priâ—… 〈…〉 to 〈…〉 and incontinously beginneth to make warre vppon Kyng Edwardes subiectes that bordered neare vnto Wales killing the people spoiling their goods and brenning vp theyr Townes and houses 〈◊〉 eche side The Kyng appoynting 〈◊〉 of his 〈◊〉 signâ—… 〈…〉 Lorde Robert de Tâ—… to take on othe for hym and ancthorising the saide Robert Authoâ—… Bâ—… 〈…〉 de Sâ—…hampton 〈◊〉 prouinciall of the fâ—…ers preache â—…s commissione is a 〈…〉 his behalfe to receyue the 〈◊〉 the of the saiâ—… Leweâ—… Which Llewelin apâ—…oynted â–ª 〈◊〉 â—…missioners for his parte 〈◊〉 â—…ap Edâ—… and Gronâ—… Hâ—…lin the whiche â—…issioâ—… 〈◊〉 wyth good â—…liberation 〈◊〉 vpon 〈◊〉 poyntes and articles of whyche the principall wâ—… as followeth First that the saide Llewelin shoulde set 〈◊〉 liberte all prisoners whiche hee helde in captiuitie for the Kyng of Englandes cause â—…ty and without all chalenge â—…e articles of â—…ment beâ—…wixt King â—…vvarde and â—…vvellin Also to haue peace and the Kings of Englands sâ—… he shulde giue vnto the saide king fiftye thousand pound sterling the dayes of the payment whereof to reste in the Kyngs will and pleasure Also y t the lande of the four Candreds without all contradiction shoulde 〈◊〉 for euer to the King and his heyres with all lands conquered by the Kyng and his people the Isle of â—…ngâ—… y e exâ—…epted Anglesey whiche Isle was graunted to the Prince to that he shulde pay for the same yerely the 〈◊〉 of one thousand marks and fiue thousand maâ—… for an income and if the Prince 〈◊〉 to dye without issue then y e said Isle 〈◊〉 again 〈◊〉 the kings hands Also that the Prince shall come to Rothelan or Râ—… 〈◊〉 it is commonly called there so the 〈◊〉 to the Kyng and before his coÌ„ming thitheâ—… he shuld be assoyled and haue the interdâ—… of his landes released and at his being aâ—… Rotheâ—… daye shall be appoynted hym by the â—…ing for his comming to London there to doe 〈…〉 And herevpon was order taken for his 〈◊〉 conduit alâ—… in his comming to 〈◊〉 the â—…aâ—… as to LoÌ„don â–ª Ther be that wryte that 〈…〉 appoynted to come vnto London at the 〈◊〉 the Natiuitie of our Lord. Also it waâ—… 〈◊〉 couenanted that all the homages of â—…es should remaine to the Kyng except 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 barons which inhabited neare vnto that 〈◊〉 of Snowdon for otherwise the said 〈…〉 could not conueniently call himselfe Prâ—…e except he had some Barons vnder him 〈…〉 he shoulde reteyne the title and name of Prince so long as he liued and after his deceaâ—…e the homages of those fiue barons shoulde reuâ—… to the Kyng and to his heyres for euer â–ª Moreouer the kyng graunted vnto the saide Llewlin N. Triuet Dauid Llevvel lines brother prouided for the landes that belonged to his brother Dauid for term of the said Llewlins life and in recompence thereof was contented to satisfie
Roger Mortymer after that the Scottes had bin kepte within their lodgings for the space of fifteene dayes till they were almoste famished they did not onely fynd a way out but about two hundred of them vnder the leading of the Lorde William Douglas Froissart The lorde Douglas assayling th part of the English campe where the kings Tentestoode in the night season missed not muche of eyther taking the King or sleayng hym And hauing done hurte ynough other wayes as in the Scottishe Chronicle is also touched they followed their companye and with them retourned into Scotlande wythoute impeachement It is sayde that Henry Earle of Lancaster and Iohn the lord Beaumont of Heynalt wold gladly haue passed ouer the water of Wyre to haue assayled the Scots but the Erle of March through counsell of the Lord Mortimer pretending to haue right to the leading of the fore ward and to the giâ—…yng the of on set firste woulde not suffer them Howe soeuer it was the Kyng missed hys purpose and right pensiue therfore brake vp his fielde and retourned vnto London Walter Bishoppe of Canterburie departed this lyfe in Nouember and then Simon Mephanâ—… was aduaunced to the gouernemente of that sea In the seconde yeare of his reigne aboute the feast of Pentecost An. reg 2. A parliament â—…e Northampâ—…on king Edward helde a parliament at Northampton at the which parliament by euill and naughtie counsell whereof the lord Roger Mortymer and the Queene mother bare the blame A dishonourable peace the Kyng concluded wyth the Scottishe King both an vnprofitable and a dishonorable peace For firste hee releassed to the Scottes their feaustie and homage Also hee delyuered vnto them certayne olde aunciente writings sealed with the seales of the Kyng of Scottes and of dyuers Lordes of the lande both Spirituall and Temporall Amongest the whyche was that Indenture Ragman whyche they called Ragman with many other Charters and patents by the which the kinges of Scotlande were bounde as feodaries vnto the Crowne of Englande R. Fabian Caxton at whiche season also were deliuered certain Iewels which before tyme had beene wonne from the Scottes by Kynges of Englande and among other The blacke Crosse the blacke Crosier or Roode is specially named And not onely the King by his sinister counsell loste suche ryghte and title as he had to the realme of Scotlande so farre as by the same Counsell myght bee deuysed but also the Lordes and Barons and other menne of England that had any lands or rents within Scotlande loste theyr ryghte in lyke manner except they woulde dwell vppon the same landes and become liege menne to the Kyng of Scotlande A marriage concluded Herevppon was there also a marryage concluded betwyxte Dauid Bruce the sonne of Robert Bruce king of Scotland and the Ladie Iane sister to king Edwarde whiche of diuers writers is surnamed Ioan of the Tower and the Scots surnamed hir halfe in derision Ione make peace Ioan make peace This marriage was solemnised at Berwike vpon the day of Mary Magdalen The Queene with the Bishops of Elye Norwich the Erle Warreyn R. Southwell the Lorde Mortimer and diuers other Barons of the lande and a great multitude of other people were presente at that marriage whyche was celebrate wyth all honoure that might bee The VVals Adam Merimouth Polidore Creations of Earles After the Quindene of Saincte Michael K. Edwarde helde a parliamente at Salisbury in whiche the Lorde Roger Mortymer was created Earle of Marche the Lorde Iohn of Eltham the kings brother was made erle of Cornwall and the Lorde Iames Butler of Ireland Erle of Ormonde who aboute the same tyme had marryed the Earle of Herefordes daughter But the Earle of March tooke the most part of the rule of all things perteyning eyther to the King or realme into his owne handes The Earle of Marche ruleth all thinges at his pleasure So that the whole gouernment rested in a maner betwixt the Queene mother and hym The other of the Counsell that were first appoynted were in maner displaced for they bare no rule to speake of at all whiche caused no small grudge to arise against the Queene and the sayd Erle of March who maynteyned suche portes Caxton and kept among them suche retinue of seruauntes that their prouision was wonderfull whiche they caused to be taken vp namely for the Queene at the kinges price to the sore oppression of the people which tooke it displeasauntly ynough The Earle of Lancaster There was lyke to haue growen great varyance betwixte the Queene and Henrye Earle of Lancaster by reason that one sir Thomas Wither a knighte pertayning to the sayde Earle of Lancaster Robert Hollande â—…yâ—…e had slayne Robert Holland who had betrayed sometyme Thomas Earle of Lancacaster and was after committed to pryson by Earle Henries meanes but the Quene had caused hym to be set at libertie and admitted him as one of hir counsell The Queene would haue had sir Thomas Wither punished for the murther but Erle Henry caused him to bee kepte out of the way so that for these causes and other the Earle Henry of Lancaster went about to make a rebellion and the Queene hauing knowledge thereof sought to apprehende hym but by the mediation of the Earles Marshall and Kent The Archbish. of Canterburye vvas the chieâ—…e procurer of the agreement and reconciliation of the erle at Merâ—…outh hath the matter was taken vp and Erle Henry hadde the kings peace granted him for the summe of xi M. pound which he should haue payde but he nâ—…er payde that fine thoughe it was so assessed at the time of the agreemente There were diuers lordes and great men that were confederated with hym the lord Thomas Wake Aâ—… 〈◊〉 the lorde Henry Beaumount the Lorde Foulke Fitz Warreyn Sir Thomas Rosselyn Sir William Trussell and other to the number of an hundred Knightes In the third yeare of his reigne 1329 An. reg â—… about the Ascention tyde King Edwarde wente ouer into Fraunce and comming to the Frenche Kyng Philyp de Valoys as then being at Aâ—…yens did there his homage vnto him for y e duchie of Guyenne as in the Frenche historie appeareth The same yeare Simon the Archebishoppe of Canterburie held a Synode at London wherin all those were excommunicated that were guyltie to the death of Walter Stapleton Bishop of Excester that had bin put to deth by the Londoners as in the last kings tyme ye haue heard This Bishop of Excester founded Excester colledge in Oxford and Harts hall But nowe to the purpose The king aboute the beginning or as other haue about the middle of Lent Tho. VVeâ—… held a parliameÌ„t at Winchester during the whiche Edmunde of Woodstock erle of Kent R. Soâ—… the kings Vncle was arrested the morow after Saint Gregories day Addition to Meâ—… and being arraigned vpon certayne confessions and letters founde about him he
the which many things were in talke about the honest demeanor of Churchmen whiche seldome is obserued as the addition to Nicholas Triuet saith â—…oigne â—…nged About the feast of the Assumption of our Lady the King disanulled the Florens to y e greate commoditie of his Kingdome ordeyning a greater Florene of halfe a marke and a lesser of three shillings four pence and the least of all of twentie pence and these were called Nobles and not without cause for they were a noble coigne faire and fine golde This yeare the seuententh day of Nouember the Pope in Auinion created the Lord Lewes de Spaine Ambassador for the Frenche K. Prince of the Isles called Fortunatae for what purpose it was not knowen but it was doubted not to be for any good meaning towardes the kingdome of Englande the prosperitie whereof the same Pope was suspected not greately to wish 1345 An. reg 19. About the beginning of Lent the same yeare the sayde Pope had sente an Archbyshoppe and a Byshoppe Ambassadors to the King who meete them at Ospring in Kente and to the ende they shoulde not linger long within the Realme hee quickly dispatched them withoute effect of theyr message This yeare shortly after Easter the Duke of Britaine that had bin deteyned prisoner by the Frenche King and escaped out of prison came ouer into England And about the same time the King ordeyned the exchange of moneys at London Caunterbury and Yorke to y e greate commoditie of his people â—…burie Ad. Meri â—…lichron About Midsomer or as other bane Michaelmas the Erle of Derby with the Erle of Pembroke the Lorde Raufe Stafford the L. Walter de Manny the L. Iohn Grey of Codnore and diuers other Lords â—…e hundred â—…en of armes and two thousand archers hath Froissart Knightes and Esquires to the number of fiue or sixe hundred men of armes and as many archers sailed ouer into Gascoigne to aâ—… the Kinges subiectes there agaynste the Frenchmen This Earle of Derby being generall of the army after hys arriuall in Gascoigne about the beginning of December wanne the Towne of Bergerat by force Bergerat won hauing putte to fight the Erle of Lesse as then the French kings Lieutenant in Gascoigne who lay there with a greate power to defende the passage but beeyng drawen into the Towne Froissart and hauing lost the Sâ—…thes to the Englaâ—… 〈◊〉 hee fledde out in the night and so left the Towne withoute anye Souldiers to defende it so that the Townesmen yeelded it vnto the Earle of Deâ—… and â—…ware themselues to be true siege men vnto the Kyng of Englande After this the Earle of Derby passed further into the Countrey and wanne diuers Castels and Townes as Lango le Lacke Moâ—…rat Mongâ—…e Punach Laâ—…ew Forâ—…th Pondair Beaumount in Layllois Bodnall Abberoch and Liâ—…orne part of them by assaulte and the residue by surrender This done he returned to â—…urdeaux hauing left Captaines and Souldiers in suche places as he had wonne This yeare the King sent forth a commission vnto certaine persons in euery countie within this Realme to enquire what landes and tenementes euery man aboue fiue poundes of yeerely reuenewes bring of the lay fee myght dispend bycause he had giuen order that euery man whiche myghte dispende fiue poundes and abdue vnto tenne pounde of suche yeerely reuenewes in lande of the ley fee shoulde furnishe hymselfe or finde an archer on horsebacke furnished with armour and weapon accordingly Hee that might dispende tenne pounde should furnishe hymselfe or fynde a demilaunce or a light horseman if I shall so tearme hym beeyng then called an Hobeler with a launce and hee that myghte dispende fiue and twentie pounde shoulde furnishe hymselfe or finde a man at armes And hee that myghte dispende fiftie poundes shoulde furnishe two men at armes And hee that myghte dyspende an hundred poundes shoulde fynde three men at armes that is hymselfe or one in his steede with two other And suche as myght dispende aboue an hundred poundes were appoynted to fynde more in number of menne at armes accordingly as they shoulde bee assessed after the rate of theyr landes whyche they myghte yearely dispende beeyng of the lay fee and not belonging to the Church About this season the Duke of Britayne Additions to Triuet hauing w t him the erles of NorthaÌ„pton Oxford Sir William de Killesby one of the Kings secretaries and many other Barons and knightes with a greate number of men of armes passed ouer into Britaine againste the Lord Charles de Bloys where they carried a long time and dyd little good to make anye accompte of by reason that the Duke in whose quarrell they came into those parties The Duke of Britayne departed this life shortly after his arriuall there departed this life and so they returned home into England But after their comming from theÌ„ce Sir Thomas Dagworth Knighte that hadde bin before and nowe after the departure of those Lordes and Nobles still remayned the Kyngs Lieutenant there so behaued himselfe againste both Frenchmen and Britaines that the memorie of his worthy doings deserueth perpetual coÌ„mendation The Lorde Beaumount of Heynault forsaketh the K. of England his seruice The king goeth ouer into Flaunders Sir Iohn de Heynault Lorde Beaumont about the same time changed his coate and leauing the King of Englandes seruice was reteyned by the French Kyng In this nineteenth yeare of King Edwarde I finde that about the feast of the Natiuitie of Saint Iohn Baptist he sayled ouer into Flaunders leauing his sonne the Lord Lionell warden of the Realme in his absence He tooke with him a great number of Lords Knightes and GeÌ„tlemen with whome hee landed at Sluse The cause of his going ouer was to further a practise whiche he hadde in hande with them of Flaunders the which by the labor of Iaques Arteueld meant to cause their Earle Lewes eyther to do homage vnto Kyng Edward or else if hee refused then to disinherite him and to receyue Edwarde Prince of Wales for theyr Lorde the eldest sonne of King Edwarde Ia. Meir King Edwarde promising to make a Dukedome of the Countie of Flaunders for an augmentation of honor to the countrey there came vnto Sluse to the King Froissart Iaques van Arteueld and a great nuÌ„ber of other appointed as counsellors for their chiefest Townes The King with all his nauie 〈…〉 of Englâ—… shippe lay in the Hauen of Sluse where in his great Shippe 〈◊〉 the Catherine a Counsell was holden vpon thys foresaid purpose but at length those of the Counsels of the chiefest Townes misliked the 〈◊〉 so much that they would conclude nothing 〈◊〉 required respite for a moneth to consult with all the communaltie of the Countreys and to 〈◊〉 and as the more part should be enclined so shâ—… the King receyue aunswere The King and Iaques Arteueld would fayne haue had a 〈◊〉 daye and a more towardly aunswere but 〈◊〉 other could be
honorably enterteined vvith the french king and him honorably interteined in so much that he had by fauor obteyned in mariage the only daughter of y e duke of Berry vncle to the frenche K. if King Richard had not bin a let in that matter who being thereof certified sent the earle of Salisbury with all speede into France Froissart both to surmise by vntrue suggestion hainous offences against him and also to require the frenche King that in no wise hee woulde suffer his cousin to bee matched in mariage with him that was so manifest an offendor On Neweyeares day this yeare 1399 the riuer that passeth betwixte Suelleston or Snelston and Harewood twoo villages not farre from Bedforde sodeinly ceassed hir course so as the chanell remained drie by the space of three miles that any man might enter into and passe the same drie foote at his plesure This deuision whiche the water made in that place the one part seeming as it were not to come nere to the other was iudged to signifie the reuolting of the subiectes of this land from their naturall Prince althoughe it may be that the water of that riuer sanke into the ground and by some secrete passage or chanell tooke course till it came to the place where it might rise again as in other places is likewise seene Ye haue heard before howe the Archebishop of Canterbury Thomas Arundel was banished the Realme Fabian Roger Walden was made Archbishop of that see who was a greate fauourer of the citie of London the which was eftsoones about this season falne into the kings displeasure but by the diligente labour of this Archebishop and of Roberte Braybrooke then bishop of London vpon the humble supplication of the citizens the kings wrathe was pacified Blanke charters But yet to content the kings mind many blanke charters were deuised and brought into the citie which many of the substanciall welthie citizens were fayne to seale to their greate chardge as in the ende appeared And the like charters were sent abroad into al shires within the realme wherby greate grudge and murmuring arose among the people for when they were so sealed the kings officers wrote in the same what liked them as well for charging the parties with payment of money as otherwise The deathe of â—…e duke of Lancaster In this meane time the duke of Lancaster departed out of this life at the bishop of Elies place in Holborne and lieth buryed in the cathedrall churche of S. Paule in London on the North side of the highe Aulter by the Lady Blaunche his firste wife The death of this duke gaue occasion of encreasing more hatred in the people of this realm towarde the king for he seased into his handes all the goods that belonged to hym and also receyued all the rents and reuenues of his landes whiche ought to haue discended vnto the duke of Hereforde by lawfull inheritaunce in reuoking his letters patents which he had graunted to him before Thom VVal. by vertue wherof he might make his attorneis generall to sue liuery for hym of any maner of inheritaunces or possessions that myghte from thenceforthe fall vnto hym and that hys homage myghte bee respited wyth making reasonable fine wherby it was euident that the king ment his vtter vnâ—… 〈◊〉 Thys hards dealing was muche myâ—… of all the nobilitie and cried out against of the meaner sorte But namely the Duke of Yorke was therewyth sore amoued who before this time had borne things with so pacient a 〈◊〉 as he could though the same touched him 〈◊〉 neare as the death of his brother the Duke of Gloucester the banishment of hys nephâ—… the said duke of Hereford and other mo iniuries 〈◊〉 greate number which for the slippery youth of the king hee passed ouer for the tyme and did forget aswell as he might But now perceiuing that neither law 〈◊〉 nor equitie could take place where the kinges wilful wil was bent vpon any wrongfull purpose he considered that the glorie of the 〈◊〉 wealthe of his countrey must needes decay by reason o the king his lacke of witte and want of suche as would without flattery admonish hym of hys duty and therefore hee thought it the parte of a wise man to get hym in time to a resting place and to leaue the followyng of suche an vnaduised capitaine as wyth a leaders sworde would cut his owne throate Herevpon he wyth the duke of Aumarle his sonne went to his house at Langley The duke of York mistaketh the court and goeth 〈◊〉 reioicing that nothing had mishappened in the common wealthe throughe his deuise or consent The realme let to ferme by the Kyng The common brute â—…anne that the kyng had sette to ferme the realme of England vnto sir Wylliam Scrope Earle of Wiltshire and then treasourer of Englande to sir Iohn Bushy Syr Iohn Bagot and sir Henry Greene Knights Aboute the same time the Earle of Arundels sonne named Thomas whiche was kept in the duke of Exeters house escaped out of the realme by meanes of one Willyam Scot meecer and went to his vncle Thomas Arundell late Archbishop of Canterbury as then soiorning at Coleyn King Richarde beeing destitute of treasure to furnishe suche a Princely porte as he mainteined Tho. VVals borrowed greate summes of money of many of the greate Lordes and Peeres of hys realme both spiritual and temporall and likewise of other meane persones promysing them in good earnest by deliuering to them his letters patentes for assuraunce that hee woulde repay the money so borrowed at a day appointed which notwithstanding he neuer payd Moreoreouer Nevve â—…actionâ—… this yere he caused .xvij. shires of the realme by way of putting theÌ„ to their fines to pay no smal suÌ„mes of money for redeeming their offeÌ„ces that they had aided y e duke of Gloucester the erles of Arudel Warwik wheÌ„ theâ—… rose in armor against him The nobles gentlemeÌ„ and commons of those shires were enforced also to receiue a newe othe to assure the king of their fidelitie in time to come The 〈◊〉 of 〈…〉 vvas 〈◊〉 plâ—…ce 〈◊〉 vvere to 〈◊〉 the King vvithall but the same displeâ—… many that vvas that conâ—…d to pay against their vvâ—…es and withall certaine prelates and other honorable persoâ—…ges were sent into the same shites to persuade men to this payment and to see thinges ordered at the pleasure of the Prince and surely the â—…nes whiche the nobles and other the meaner estates of those shires were constrayned to pay were not small but exceeding greate to the offence of many Moreouer the kings letters pâ—…coâ—…tes were sent into euery shire within this land by vertue whereof The people coÌ„â—… their othe 〈◊〉 alegeaâ—…nce by vvriting â—…ed an othe was demaunded of all the kings liege people for a further assuraunce of their due obedience and they were consterined to ratifie the same in writing vnder their handes and seales Moreouer they
in his authoritie and soueraigntie and in all that is done to it in all maner of places that now or in time comming is or shall be subiect to our sayd father 9 Also we to our power shall defend and helpe all euery of the Peeres Nobles Cities townes comunalties and singular persons nowe or in time comming subiectes to our father in theyr rightes customes priuiledges freedoms and frāchises longing or due to thē in al maner of places now or in time comming subiect to our father 10 Also we diligently and truly shall trauaile to our power and do that iustice be administred done in the same realme of France after y e lawes customes rights of the same realm without personall exception And that we shall keepe holde the subiects of the same realme in tranquilitie and peace and to our power we shall defende them against all maner of violence and oppression 11 Also we to our power shall prouide and doe to our power that able persons and profitable bin taken to the offices as well of Iustices and other offices belonging to the gouernance of the Demaynes and of other offices of the sayde realme of Fraunce for the good right and peaceable iustice of the same and for the administration that shall be committed vnto them and that they bee suche persons that after the lawes and rightes of the same Realme and for the vtilitie and profite of oure sayde father shall minister and that the foresayde realme shal be taken and departed to the same offices 12 Also that we of our power so soone as it may commodiously be done shall trauaile to put into the obedience of our sayd father all maner of Cities townes and castels places Countreys and persons within the realme of France disobedient and rebels to our saide father holding with them which been called the Dolphin or Arminack 13 Also that we might the more commodiously surely and freely done exercise and fulfill these things aforesayd It is accorded that all worthie nobles and estates of the same realme of France aswel spirituals as tēporals also cities notables cōmunalties citizens burgesses of townes of the realm of France y e bene obeysant at this time to our said father shal make these othes y t folowē 14 First to vs hauing the facultie exercise disposition and gouernance of the foresaid common profite to our hestes and commaundements these shall meekly and obediently obey and intend in all maner of things cōcerning the exercise of gouernance of the same realme 15 Also that the worthie great nobles estates of the said realme aswel spirituals as temporals and also cities and notable cōmunalties citizens burgesses of y e same realm in al maner of things wel truly shall kepe to their power shall doe to be kept of so much as to them belongeth or to any of them all those things that bene appoynted and accorded betwene our foresayd father and mother and vs with the counsaile of them whom vs lyfe to call to vs. 16 And that cōtinually frō the death and after the death of our said father Charles they shall be our true liegemen and our heyres they shall receiue and admit vs for their liege soueraigne and very king of Fraunce and for such to obey vs w tout opposition contradiction or difficultie as they ben to our foresaid father during his life 〈◊〉 after this realme of France shal obey to mā as 〈◊〉 or regēt of Frāce but to vs our heires And they shal not be in counsail help or assent that we look life or lym or be take with euill taking or that we suffer harme or diminution in person estate worship or goodes but if they knowe any suche thing for to be cast or imagined against vs they shall let it to their power and they shall done vs to weten thereof as hastily as they may by themselfe by message or by letters 17 Also that all maner of conquests that shuld be made by vs in Fraunce vpon the saide inobedients out of the duchy of Normandy shal be done to the profit of our said father that to our power we shal do that al maner of lāds lordships that bene in the places so for to be conquered longing to persons obeying to our foresaide father which shal swere for to kepe this present accord shall be restored to the same persons to whō they long to 18 Also that all maner of persons of the holye Church beneficed in the duchie of Normandie or any other places in the realme of Fraunce subiect to our father and fauoring the partie of the dukes of Burgoigne which shall sweare to keepe this present accorde shall reioyce peaceably theyr benifices of holy Church in the duchie of Normandie or in other places next aforesayde 19 Also likewise al maner of persons of holye church obedient to vs beneficed in the realme of Frāce places subiect to our father y t shal sweare to kepe this presēt acord shal inioy peaceably their benefices of holy church in places next abouesayd 20 Also that all maner of Churches vniuersities and studies general and all colledges of studies other colledges of holy church being in places now or in time comming subiect to our father or in y e duchy of Nor. or other places in y e realme Fraunce subiect to vs shall enioy their rights and possessions rents prerogatiues liberties franchises longing or due to them in any maner of wise in the said realm of France sauing the right of the crowne of France and euery other person 21 Also by Gods helpe when it happeneth vs to come to the crowne of Fraunce the Duchie of Normandie and all other places conquered by vs in the realme of Fraunce shall bow vnder the cōmaundement obeysance and Monarchie of the crowne of France 22 Also that we shal force vs do to our power that recompence be made by our said father without diminution of the crowne of Fraunce to persons obeying to him fauoring to that partie y t is said Burgoigne to whō longeth landes lordships rents or possessions in y e said duchie of Normandie or other places in the realme of Fraunce conquered by vs hither toward giuē by vs in places lands gotten or to be gotten ouercome in the name of our said father vpon rebels inobedients to him And if so be that such maner of recōpence be not made to the said persons by the life of our said father we shall make that recompence in such maner places of goods when it hapneth by Gods grace to the crowne of France And if so be that the lands lordships rentes or possessions the which lōgeth to such maner of persons in the said duchy places be not giuen by vs the same persōs shal be restored to them without any delay 23 And during the life of our father in al places now or in time cōming subiect to him
sayde Iohn Cheyney vnto the French King to aduertise him that his Ambassadours sent into England should be dallyed with only to driue of the time till the winter season were past and that then in the beginning of Sommer king Richarde ment to make warre into Fraunce inuading that realme with all his puissance and so by this meanes to perswade the French king to ayd the Erle of Richmonde his partakers in their quarell against king Richard Further that the sayd William Collingborne beeing confederate with the sayd Erle other his adherents aswell within the Realme as without the .xviij. day of Iuâ—… in the said second yeare within the Parishe of S. Gregories in Faringdon ward within had deuised certaine bylles and wrytings in tyme is the ende that the same beeing published myghte stirre the people to a commotion against the king and those billes and writings in rime so deuises written the same Collingborne the day and yere last mentioned had fastened and set vppon dyuerse dooers of the Cathedrall Church of Saint Paule for the more speedie furthering of hys intended purpose Thus farre the Inditement But whether he was guiltie in part or in all I haue not to say King Richard being thus disquieted in 〈◊〉 and doubtfull for the suretie of his owne estate called to remembraunce that confederations honest bandes and pactes of amitie concluded and had betwixt Princes and gouernours are the efficient cause that Realmes and common wealthes are strengthned with double power that is with ayde of friendes abroade and their owne forces at home Wherevpon he deuised howe to conclude a league and amitie with his neighbour the King of Scottes who not long before had made diuerse incursions and roades into the Realme of Englande And although he had not much gotten yet verily hee lost not much and nowe euen as King Richard could haue wished he of himselfe made suyte for peace or truce to be bad betwixt him and king Richarde who wyllingly giuing eare to that suyte Commissioners were appoynted to meet aboute the treatie thereof Pag. 404 405 as in the Historie of Scotlande it maye appeare at length agreed vpon a truce for three yeares a truce betwixt England and Scotland and withall for a further encrease of fyrme frindshippe and sure amitie betwixt hym and the King of Scottes King Richarde entered into a treatie also of alliaunce for the concluding of a maryage betwyxt the Duke of Rothesay eldest sonne to the King of Scottes and the Ladie Anne de la Poole daughter to Iohn Duke of Suffolke and the Duches Anne Sister to King Richarde whiche Sister hee so muche fauoured that studying by all wayes and meanes possible howe to aduaunce hir lynage hee did not onely thus seeke to preferre hir daughter in maryage but also after the death of hys sonne hee proclaymed Iohn Earle of Lyncolne hir sonne and hys Nephewe heyre apparant to the Crowne of Englande disinheriting King Edwards daughters whose brethren as yee haue heard hee moste wickedly had caused to be murthered and made away The King of Scottes standing in neede of friendes althoughe not so greatlye as King Richarde did willyngly consent to that motion of maryage fyrst droched by King Richarde in somuche that it tooke effect A marriage â—…cluded betwixt the â—…ce of Roth 〈◊〉 and Duke â—…ffolkes king 〈◊〉 and by Commissioners was passed and concluded in maner as in the Hystorie of Scotlande it likewyse appeareth But albeit that by this league and amitie thus couenanted and concluded it mighte bee thought that all conspiracies coniurations and confederacies agaynst King Richarde had beene extinct especially considering the Duke of Buckingham and his allyes were dispatched oute of the way some by death and some by flight and banishment into farre Countreys yet King Richarde more doubting than trusting to his owne people and friendes was continually vexed and troubled in mynde for feare of the Earle of Richmondes returne which dayly dreade and hourely agonie caused him to liue in dolefull miserie euer vnquiet and in maner in continuall calamitie Wherefore he intending to be relieued and to haue an ende of all his doubtfull daungers determined clearely to extyrpate and plucke vp by the rootes all the matter and grounde of his feare and doubtes Wherefore after long and deliberate consultation had nothing was for his purpose and intent thought eyther more necessarie or expedient than once againe with price prayer and rewardes to attempt the Duke of Brytayne in whose territorie the Earle of Richmonde then abode to delyuer the sayde Earle into his hands by which onely meanes he shoulde be discharged of all feare of perill and brought to rest and quietnesse both of bodie and mynde Wherefore incontinent he sent certayne Ambassadours to the Duke of Brytayne whiche tooke vpon them besyde the greate and ample rewardes that they brought wyth them into Brytaynt that king Richarde shoulde yearely pay and aunswere the Duke of all the reuenues rentes and profites of the seigniories landes and possessions as well belonging and apperteyning to the Earle of Richmonde as to any other Noble or Gentleman which then were in the Earles companie if hee after that tyme woulde keepe them in continuall Pryson and restrayne them from lybertie The Ambassadors furnished with these and other instructions arryued in Brytain and came to the Dukes house where with him they coulde haue no matter of communication concernyng their weightie affayres by reason that hee beeyng faint and weakned by a long and dayly infirmitie began a little so war ydle and weake in hys wit and remembrance For whiche cause Peter Lanâ—…yle his chiefe Treasorer a man â—…oth of pregnant wit and great authority ruled and adiudged all things at his pleasure and commaundement for which cause as men set into authority bee not best beloued he excited prouoked agaynst him the malice and euill will of the nobilitie of Brytaine which afterward for diuers great offences by him duryng his authoritie perpetrate committed by their meanes was brought to death and confusion The English Ambassadors moued their message and request to Peter Landoyse Peter Landolâ—… and to him declared their maisters commauÌ„dement instantly requiring and humbly desiring him in whose power it lay to do all things in Brytayn that he woulde friendly assent to the request of King Richarde offring to hym the same rewardes and landes that they shoulde haue offred to the Duke This Peter whiche was no lesse disdeyned than hated almost of all the people of Brytayne thought that if he did assâ—… and saâ—…sfie king Richardes petition and desire he should be of power and abilitie sufficiently to withstande and reâ—…eâ—… the malicious attempts and disdainfull inuentions of his enuious aduersaries Wherefore hee faithfully promised to accomplish king Richards request and desire so that he kept promise wyth him that he might be able to withstand the cankerd malier of his secrete enimies This act that he promised to doe was not for any grudge
decreed against him so as the realme were not troubled by him and that the causes of his deposing might be published through the realm for satisfying of the people which demaund was graunted Wherevpon the Bishop of Carleil Eâ—… And bishop 〈◊〉 faithful a man both learned wise stoute of stomacke boldly shewed forth his opinion concerning that demaunde affyrming that there was none amongst them worthie or meete to giue iudgement vpoÌ„ so noble a prince as king Richard was whom they had taken for their soueraigne and liege Lorde by the space of .xxij. yeares and more and I assure you sayd he there is not so ranke a traytor nor so errant a theef nor yet so cruell a murtherer apprehended or deteyned in prison for his offence but hee shall be brought before the Justice to heare his iudgement and ye will proceede to the iudgement of an annoynted K. hearing neither his answere nor excuse and I say that the duke of Lancaster whom ye cal king hath more trespassed to king Ric. and his realme than king Richard hath done either to him or to vs for it is manifest and well knowne that the Duke was banished the realme by king Richard and his counsayle and by the iudgement of hys owne father for the space of tenne yeres for where cause ye know and yet without licence of King Richard he is returned againe into the Realme and that is worse hath taken vpoÌ„ him the name tytle and preheminence of a King And therefore I say that yee haue done manifest wrong to proceede in anye thing agaynst king Richarde without calling him openly to his aunswere and defence As soone as the Bishop had ended this tale he was attached by the Earle Marshal coÌ„mitted to warde in the Abbey of S. Albons Moreouer where the king had graunted to the Erle of Westmerland the Countie of Richemond The Duke of Britaine the Duke of Brytaine pretending a right thereto by an olde tytle had sent his letters ouer vnto the estates assembled in this Parliament offring to abide such order as the law would appoynt in the like case to anye of the Kings subiects Wherepon the Commons for the more suretie of the entercouse of Marchants besought the king that the matter myght bee committed to the ordering of the Counsaile of eyther of the parties and of his Counsaile so as an end might be had therein whiche request was lykewyse graunted After this the recordes of the last Parliament were shewed with the appeales and the commission made to .xij. persons to determin things that were motioned in the same last ParliameÌ„t Herevpon the commons prayed that they might haue Iustice Markham and maister Gascoigne a sergeant at the lawe ioyned with them for counsaile touching the perusing of the recordes which was graunted them and day giuen dare till the next morow in the White hall where they far aboute these matters three dayes togither On the Monday following being the 〈◊〉 of Simon and Iude the Apostles the commons required to heare the iudgement of king Richarde Wherevpon the Archbishop of Ganterburye appoynted to speake King Richard appointed to be kept in perpetual prison Hall declared how that the K. that now is had graunted King Richard his lyfe â—…is in suche wyse as hee shoulde remayne in perpetuall prison so safely kept that neyther the King nor realme should be troubled with hym It was also concluded that if any man went about to deliuer him that then he shoulde bee the first that should die for it After this the Commons prayed that the Lordes and other that were of king Richardes counsaile might be put to their answers for their sundrie misdemeanors which was graunted On Wednesday following being the morrow after the feast of Simon and Iude all the processe of the Parliament holden the .xxj. yeare of king Richards raign was red openly in which it was founde howe the Earle of Warwike had confessed himselfe guiltie of treason The EarleÌ„ of Warwicke and asked pardon and mercie for his offence but the Earle denied that euer he acknowledged any such thing by worde of mouth and that he would proue in what manersoeuer should bee to him appoynted Therin was also the appeale founde of the dukes of Aumarle Surrey and Exceter the Marques Dorset the Earles of Salisburie and Glocester to the whiche eche of them answered by himselfe that they neuer assented to that appeale of theyr owne free willes but were compelled thereto by the king and this they affyrmed by their othes offred to proue it by what maner they should bee appoynted Sir Walter Clopton Sir Walter CloptoÌ„ said then to the commons if ye will take aduauntage of the processe of the last Parliament take it and ye shall be receyued thervnto Then rose vp the Lord Morley and sayde to the Erle of Salisburie that he was chiefe of counsail with the duke of Glocester and likewise with king Richarde so discouered the dukes counsail to the king as a traytor to his master that he said he wold with his body proue against him throwing down his hood as a pledge The L. Murley appelleth the E. of Salisbury The Erle of Salisburie sore amooued herewith told the Lorde Morley that he falsly belied him for he was neuer traytor nor false to his maister all his life time and therewith threw downe hys Gloue to wage battaile agaynst the Lord Morley Their gages were taken vp and deliuered to the Conestable and Marshall of Englande the parties were arrested and day to them giuen till another time On Monday following being the morow after al Soules day the coÌ„mons made request that they might not be entred in the ParliameÌ„t rolles as parties to the iudgement giuen in this Parliament but there as in verie truth they were priuie to the same for the iudgement otherwise belonged to the king except where any iudgement is giuen by statute enacted for the profite of the common wealth which request was graunted diuerse other petitions were presented on the behalfe of the Commons part whereof were granted and to some there was none answere made at that time Finally to auoyde further inconuenience and to qualifie the minds of the enuious it was finally enacted that such as were appellants in y e last Parliament against the duke of Gloucester and other following should in this wise be ordred The dukes of Aumarle Surrey and Exâ—…ter Dukes and other depriued of their titles there present were iudged to lose their names of dukes togither with the honors titles and dignities therevnto belonging The Marques Dorset beeyng likewyâ—… there present was adiudged to lose his tytle and dignitie of Marques and the Erle of Gloucester being also present was in semblable maâ—…ter iudged to lose his name title dignitie of Earle Moreouer it was further decreed agaynst the Tho. VVâ—… that they and euery of them shoulde lose and forfeyt all those Castels Lordships manors lands possessions rents
seruices liberties and reuenues whatsoeuer had bin giuen to them at or since the last Parliament belonging aforetime to anye of those persons whome they had appealed and all other theyr Castels Manours Lordships lands possessions rentes seruices liberties and reuenues whatsoeuer whiche they helde of the late kings gyft the day of the arrest of the sayd Duke of Gloucester or at any tyme after shoulde also remaine in the kings disposition from thenceforth and al letters patents and Charters which they or any of them had of the same names Castels Manours Lordships landes possessions and liberties should bee surrendred vp into the Chauncerie there to be cancelled Diuerse other things were enacted in this Parliament to the preiudice of those high estates to satisfie mennes myndes that were sore displeased with their doings in the late kings dayes as nowe it manifestly appeared The hatred which the coment had committed against the appell◅ for after it was vnderstoode that they should be no further punished than as before is mentioned great murmuring rose among the people agaynst the king the Archbishop of Canterburie the Earle of Northumberlande and other of the Counsaile for sauing the liues of men whome the commons reputed most wicked and not worthie in any wise to liue But the King thought it best rather with curtesie to reconcile them than by cutting them off by death to procure the hatred of theyr friendes and allyes which were many and of no small power After that the foresayde iudgement was declared with protestation by Sir William Thirning Iustice The Earle of Salisbury has request the Earle of Salisburie came and made request that he myght haue his protestation entred agaynste the Lorde Morley whiche Lorde Morley rysing vp from his seate sayde that so hee myght not haue bycause in hys firste aunswere he made no protestation and therefore he was past it nowe Sir Mathew Gourney The Earle prayed daye of aduisement but the Lorde Morley prayed that hee might lose his aduauntage sith he had not entred sufficient plea agaynst him Then sir Mathew Gourney sitting vnderneath the king said to the Earle of Salisburie that forsomuch as at the fyrst daye in your aunsweres yee made no protestation at all none is entred of recorde and so you are past that aduauntage and therfore asked him if he would say any other thing Then the Earle desired that he might put in mainprise which was graunted The erle of Salisbury mainprised and so the Erle of Kent sir Rauf Ferrers sir Iohn Roche sir Iohn Drayton knightes mainprised the sayd Erle bodie for bodie For the Lord Morley all the Lorde◅ and Barons offred to vndertake and to be sureties for him but yet four of them had their names entred that is to wit The L. Morlei mainprised the Lordes Willoughbie Beauchampe Scales and Berkley they had day till the Friday after to make theyr libell The Lord Fitz Walter After this came the Lorde Fitzwater and prayed to haue day and place to arraigne his appeale agaynste the Erle of Rutland The king sayde he woulde send for the Duke of Norffolke to returne home and then vpon his returne he sayde he woulde proceede in that matter Many statutes were established in this Parliament as well concerning the whole bodie of the common wealth as by the booke thereof imprinted maye appeare as also concerning diuerse priuate persons then presently liuing which partly we haue touched and partly for doubt to be ouer tedious The Archb. of Canterbury restored to his see we doe omit but this among other is not to be forgottē that the Archbishop of Canterburie was not onely restored to his former dignitie being remoued from it by king Richard who had procured one Roger Walden to be placed therein as before ye haue hearde but also the sayde Walden was established Byshop of London wherewith he seemed very well contented Tho. VVals Hall Moreouer the kings eldest sonne Henry alredie created as heyre to his father to the crown Prince of Wales duke of Cornwall and Erle of Chester was also intituled Duke of Aquitaine to auoyde all tytles claymes and ambiguities there was an act made for the vniting of y e crown vnto king Henrie the fourth The crowne i◅iled and to the heyres of his bodie lawfully begotten his foure sonnes Henrie Thomas Iohn and Humfrey being named as to whom the right should discend successiuely by way of intaile in case where heyres fayled to any of them By force of this act king Hērie thought himselfe firmely set on a sure foundation not needing to feare any storme of aduerse fortune But yet shortly after he was put in danger to haue bene set besides the seate by a conspiracie begon in the Abbot of Westminsters house as after shall appeare The Scottes in time of the late Parliament taking occasion of the absence of the Northern Lords and also by reason of great mortalitie that afflicted the northren people that yeare The castel of wark taken by the Scots Sir Tho. Gray inuaded the borders tooke the Castel of Warke that was assigned to the safe keeping of sir Thomas Grey knight who then was at the Parliament as one of the knights of the shire by incanes of whose absence the enimies the sooner as is to be thought obteyned theyr desire and so kept that Castell a certaine time and finally spoyled it ouerthrew it to the ground Besides this they did many other mischiefes in the Countrey The death of the Duke of Norfolke to the vndoing of many of the kings subiects This yeare Thomas Mowbray Duke of Norffolke dyed in exile at Venice whose death might haue beene worthily bewayled of all the realme if he had not bene consenting to the death of the Duke of Gloucester The same yeare deceassed the duches of Glocester through sorrow as was thought The duches of Glocester deceaseth which she conceyued for the losse of hir sonne and heyre the Lorde Humfrey who being sent for forth of Ireland as before ye haue heard was taken with the pestilence and died by the way But now to speake of the conspiracie whiche was contriued by the Abbot of Westminster as chiefe Instrument thereof Ye shall vnderstande that this Abbot as it is reported vppon a tyme hearde king Henrie say when hee was but Earle of Darbie Nall and yong of yeares that Princes had too little and religious men too muche He therefore doubting nowe What moued the Abbot of Westminster to conspire against the K. least if the king continued long in the estate hee woulde remoue the greate beame that then grieued his eyes and pricked his conscience became an Instrument to search oute the mindes of the Nobilitie and to bring them to an assemble and counsaile where they myght cōsult and cōmen togither how to bring that to effect which they earneslly wished and desired that was the destruction of king Henry and the restoring of king