Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	penny_n	pound_n	shilling_n	5,001	5	11.2551	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A20442	The defence of trade In a letter to Sir Thomas Smith Knight, gouernour of the East-India Companie, &c. From one of that societie.	Digges, Dudley, Sir, 1583-1639.; Smith, Thomas, Sir, 1558?-1625.; Kayll, Robert. Trades increase.	1615 (1615)	STC 6845; ESTC S109687	29,831	56

were gone to Sea before we heard one good word from the sixt which was Sir Henry Middletons and before returne of any goods the tenth the eleuenth the twelfth were likewise gone if not the thirteenth with a resolution of the settled great Ioint stocke The iollitie I thinke he enuies Nor finde we fault with Captaine Middleton although his Voyage proue one of our worst But sure the Heathen man that said Tibi innocens sit quisquis est pro te nocens will much condemne this man that blemisheth as much as in him lies Sir Henry Middletons good seruice for our Country to take the part of Heathen men that haue more conscience that complaine not for they know the wrongs which they had done our Nation and that Captaine for whose valiant iustice sake they vse our people better euer since As for the feare of some one ship if it were true wee wey it not sith the whole bodie of the Turkie Companie on good deliberation were secure as men that knew Our Lidgier at Constantinople now shall find a readier eare to all Complaints since that example taught them that our Nation can as farre as 't is stoppe vp the mouth that giues them sweetest sustinance But their commodities are vnnecessary c. HE meanes not this I hope by Indico and healthfull drugges though Callicoes and Silkes and peraduenture Spice be censured The truth is in strict tearmes of need our Land that flowes with foode and rayment may Bee without all other Nations but to Bee Well to flourish and grow rich wee must find vent for our abundance and seeke to adorne vs out of others superfluities So other Marchants bring in Wines and Sugars Currons Raisons Oyles and such like that while we eat them doe eat on vs and so of manufactures wearing But I shall shew you now a Mystery of the East India Marchants merit of the Common-wealth euen out of their vnnecessary Wares In any of their Voyages The Common-wealth payes nothing for the victuals nor the wages of the men nor for the worke of Shippewrights Smiths Coopers Ropemakers Porters Lighter-men c. and such like infinite number of Labourers which they haue continually in pay but hath the imployment of all these and the keeping of many Factors abroad for the materials out of which they rayse their shipping and prouisions so that there rests to reckon vnto her onely the stocke of Marchandize and monie sent to barter This stocke in two yeares doth not rise vnto the summe of that which yearely since the East India Trade as I shall shew you by and by the Kingdome saues in the price onely of the Spice it spends so that the Common-wealth hath more then two for one euen in the first returne for her Aduenture Now then marke further ouer and aboue that which was left to serue the Land from Michaelmasse 1613. vnto Christmasse 1614. There was exported of East India goods out of the Kingdome As much In Pepper as at two shillings the pound amounted to 2096231 14 s d Cloues as at foure shillings the pound amounted to 4338 16 0 Nutmegs as at two shillings eight pence the pound amounted to 740 16 0 Mace as at six shillings the pound amounted to 3613 4 0 In all 218316 10 0 So that by the East India Marchants happie charge and industrie besides the Custome paid for it to the Crowne and the imployment of many Shippes and Marriners in sending it abroad into Germanie and the Netherlands France Spaine Italy Turkie and other places there was alreadie in fifteene moneths out of foure sorts of Spice onely not to speake of the Indico Callicoes China Silkes Beniamin Aloes-socotrina c. then exported aboue two hundred thousand pounds sterling added to the stocke of the Common-wealth to proceede for the inriching of the Kingdome in the nature of Cloth Lead Tinne or any of our owne Staple Marchandize Which I hope was no vnnecessary commoditie But you that read may iudge by this what great Increase the Common-wealth will haue now the Ioint stocke is setled and are long returnes by Gods grace to be look't for yearly of many ships with many hundred thousand pounds worth of Spice Indico Callicoes China and Persia Silkes both raw and wrought and other Marchandize to serue our selues and most partes of the World as wee beginne alreadie and should more easily if such busie men as this Pamphletor would let the Martchant doe it without noise But What haue wée the cheaper I Le shew you Sir and since I so began in Spices onely which before our India Trade were often accidentally sold dearer much but constantly the lowest price Of Pepper was foure shillings the pound at which rate fifteene hundred bagges containing foure hundred fiftie thousand poūds the smallest quantitie that the Kingdome yearely is esteemed to spend amounted to ninetie thousand pounds sterling But since our trade the highest price is but two shillings the pound so that the Kingdome saues in Pepper yearely halfe that is 45000l. 00s. 0d. Cloues was eight shillings the pound at which rate two hundred Hogsheads cōtaining fiftie thousand pounds spent in the land amounted to twentie thousand pounds But till the Dutchmen interrupted that part of our Trade our greatest price was but foure shillings so as the kingdome saued in Cloues 10000l. 00s. 0d. Mace was ten shillings the pound at which rate one hundred Hogsheads cōtaining fifteene thousand pounds the Kingdomes spending came to seuen thousand and fiue hundred pounds But we haue alreadie brought the price to sixe shillings the pound and so the Land in Mace saues yearely 3000l. 00s. 0d. Nutmegs was fiue shillings the pound at which rate foure hundred Barrels containing one hundred thousand pounds our yearely spending amount to twentie fiue thousand pounds but by our price of two shillings and eight pence for a pound the Kingdome saues 11666l. 13s. 4d. So that this Trade in onely Spice doth yearely saue the Land 69666l. 13s. 4d. And if as some perhaps for their particular aduantage of returning Spices out of Holland would haue vs we should trust vnto the Dutch and leaue this Trading for our selues how soone the price would rise you shall perceiue by this particular Example About some two yeares since our Marchants brought in a good quantitie of Cloues which to ship out againe they sold wet-dryed for two shillings and eight pence the pound and the dryed for foure shillings But by our next ships failing we were forced to fetch from Amsterdam where sodainely the Dutchmen tooke the aduantage so that wee could not get as all men know the very wet-dryed sold by vs so lately for two shillings and eight pence vnder seuen shillings sterling for a pound Iudge then by this how deare strangers would quickly make vs pay for all things if we should giue this Traffique ouer But Looke into the price of Uictualls how that riseth through their great prouisions c. TO which

subiect to much inconuenience rather then make double the profit to our selues and to the Common-wealth by fetching frō the wel-head from the Indies rather then weaken them their wealth and shipping that in all their Moderne Treaties with all Nations shew how much account they make of that sweet Trafficke Though last of all that Pamphletors malignant raking vp all sorts of rayling arguments and spleenefull vrging euery thing against the East-India Marchant might very well prouoke from one of that Societie the lashes which his often fond excursions fit him for yet surely I should leaue him to the Riuall-free fruition of those errors and apply my penne to satisfie an honest minde rather then make him smart or carelesse Readers smile And as a ground-worke of Integritie first I would set downe what hee sayes euen in his owne Apparell Scarfe and Feather too As thus Now followeth the consideration of the East Indie Trade into whose Seas not onely the Riuer of Volga as before you heard disemboqueth it selfe but euen the bottome of the Straights is emptied to fill vp those gulfes and not to onely but besides that many of our best Marchants haue transported their Staples thither it hath also begot out of all Callings Professions and Trades many more new Marchants Then where there is increase of Marchants there is increase of Trade where Trade increaseth there is increase of Shipping where increase of Shipping there increase of Mariners likewise so then rich and large East Indies The report that went of the pleasing notes of the Swannes in Meander floud farre surpassing the records of any other Birdes in any other places whatsoeuer drew thither all sorts of people in great confluence and with great expectation to heare and enioy their sweet singing When they came thither they found in stead of faire white Swannes greedie Rauens and deuouring Crowes and heard instead of melodious harmonie vntuneable and loathsome croaking In indignation that they were so receiued and deceiued in stead of applauding they hissed and of staying fled away You are now braue East Indies Meander floud your Trade is the singing of Swannes which so many iourney so farre to enioy God forbid you should bee found so discoloured and wee so ill satisfied And howsoeuer that I may bee sure to auoide any detraction whereby my nature might haue any imputation or by calling vp more Spirits into the circle then I can put downe againe I might incurre some danger and be taxed likewise of indiscretion for that we onely hitherto haue cōplained of the want of shipping we desire now but herein to suruey the store and sée how you helpe the increase You haue built more Shippes in your time and greater farre then any other Marchants Ships besides what you haue bought out of other trades and all those wholly belonging to you there hath béene entertained by you since you first aduentured one and twentie Ships besides the now intended Uoyage of one new Ship of seuen hundred Tunne and happily some two more of increase The least of all your Shipping is of fourescore Tunne all the rest are goodly Ships of such burthen as neuer were formerly vsed in Marchandize the least and meanest of these last is of some hundred and twentie Tunne and so goe vpward euen to eleuen hundred Tunne You haue set forth some thirteene Uoyages in which time you haue built of these eight new Ships and almost as good as built the most of the residue as the Dragon the Hector c. So that at the first appearance you haue added both strength and glorie to the Kingdome by this your accession to the Nauie But where I pray you are all these Ships foure of these are call away of the which one was of three hundred Tunne another of foure hundred the third of thrée hundred and the fourth of eleuen hundred two more are docked vp there as Pinaces to Trade vp and downe the rest are either employed in the Trade in the Indies or at home out of reparations which if true if the Kingdome should haue néede of them on any occasion it shall surely want their seruice and so then there is not onely no supply to the Nauie this way but hurt euen to the whole Kingdome the Woods being cut downe and the Ships eyther lost on not seruiceable Surely Stories can shew vs which we may reade in the courses of Common-weales how tolerable nay how laudable it is in all States to enlarge Commerce Marchants whome wée should respect can tell vs of the casualties which not onely the Shippes but their Estates are subiect to by aduentures Mariners whom we must pittie can teach vs of the ordinary dangers not onely that Shippes and goods but their liues are subiect to by Sea I must not then exprobrate that to them which is to be imputed to the Sea nor are they to bee blamed out of reason for that which deserueth in humanitie commiseration nor is England bounded by our Horizon to goe no further then wée sée Wee haue learned long since that Mercatura si tenuis sordida si magna splendida the Stranger the Countrie the greater the aduenture the more famous our Nation the more worthie the Marchant Before wee were euen Horace Writ Currit Mercator ad Indos Loath then am I to borrow that saying of Demosthenes on his courting of Lais to pay it to the Indian Trade by alleaging that Non tanti Emam poenitentiam only hauing now in common that Roman Prouiso Ne quid detrimenti Respub capiat Let vs examine that which may mooue patience that our Woods are cut downe and the Ships either lost or not seruiceable Our Woods I saie cut downe in extraordinarie manner neither doe the Ships die the ordinarie death of Shippes Our Woods extraordinarily cut downe in regard of the greatnesse of the Shipping which doth as it were deuoure our Timber I am able out of sufficient testimonie to affirme that since the Indian Trade and méerely through their building of their Ships of so great burthen and their repairing the building notwithstanding beganne but fiue yeares since that Timber is raised in the Land fiue shillings and more in the load nay almost not to bee had for monie which the Companie no question being sensible of very wisely séeke to helpe themselues in by building of Ships in Ireland for their seruice yet it seemeth their incouragement that way is but necessitous in regard by their owne saying besides the hazard the charges are little lesse and which is worse that kind of Timber is but vntoward for that vse being so extreame heauie that a Ship of a small burden draweth much Water In fiue yeares space their building together with their repairing of Ships almost equall to building beget such a scarcitie what will a little continuance bring forth Bring forth I cannot say ought but a priuation will follow euen of all our Timber Wood. The Kings Nauie must be maintained other Merchants of lower ranke must

Riuer readie if neede had beene to doe the seruice which his Maiestie in his Princely wisedome prouides for in his letters Patents of the Companies Incorporation Tenne goodly shippes and such as not to meddle with our Marchants ships our friends at home being all together well prouided of munition and men would not much feare the Royall Nauie of some Kings in Christendome A Squadron that within our narrow Seas hauing the Land and Ports to friend might stop the furie of another selfe conceited inuincible Armado what meanes this poore man then to write hee knowes not and it seemes hee cares not what I thinke our Kentish boughes that got vs Gauel-kind of the Conqueror like Bees in his brains haue made him wood In a wood I am sure he is now like to lose himselfe for his next forces like Benzo his naked Indians come to fight Ligneis Telis with woodden Arguments But any Wood will serue his rancor for Arrowes to shoot at the East-India Companie and would hee flie into the Irish bogges as hee doth into their Woods I must now pursue him Hee sayes Our Woods are extraordinarily cut downe in regard of the greatnesse of their shipping which doth as it were deuoure our Timber c. King Henry the eight and Quéene Elizabeth by Lawes and our King by Proclamation sought to preserue and increase our Woods but that a parricide of Woods should thus bee committed by building of Ships c. and so on but THinkes he these royall Princes cared to keep their Woods for any nobler vse then to build gallant ships and those not to lie still and rot his ordinarie death but such as round about the World disperse the honour of the Crowne they serue and then returne with wealth for King and Kingdome and for those that set them foorth in stead of Wood Wee must with thankefulnesse acknowledge though hee coldly set it downe that our most gracious Soueraigne hath not by Proclamation onely helpt the Kingdome in that point but with a prouidence beyond his Predecessors besides his recommending bils in Parliament and speaking eloquently for them He hath vrged good husbandrie of Planting to vs all the onely meanes to breede vp shipping Timber since tall and goodly Trees doe neuer proue of Tillers second springers out of olde decayed stockes how well soeuer kept by statute husbandrie in Woods But was this Care thinkes he for Trees to looke vpon The prouidence that bids vs go and plant commands vs too to vse our wel-growne Timber ere it rot as that would soonest that is fittest for great shipping His Maiestie was loth to haue our Timber spent on Beggers nests that growing scurfe vpon this Citie new tenemēts whose rotten rents make many Gentlemen before their time or that our Woods should bee consumed in fire Furnaces for glasses such bables when God hath blest vs with a Fuell in the bowels of the earth the wast whereof can doe no hurt but as for building ships his wisedome likes that well and out of royall bountie for incouragement giues them the most that build the greatest A policie of his Princely Predecessors If then these Eagles could foresee no inconuenience what is he that professeth himselfe Able out of sufficient testimonie questionlesse to affirme that since the East India Trade and méerely through their building and repayring of their Ships their building though begunne but fiue yeares since Timber is raysed in the Land fiue shillings in a load nay almost not to bee had for monie This makes the Companie flie into Ireland And hee heard a skilfull Shipwright doubtlesse say that all the Timber within fortie miles of London would not build such another shippe as the Trades Increase c. I Know what men in Kent esteeme of him that said because they agreed in time that the building of Tenderden Steeple was the cause of Goodwin sands increasing but if there be a man so neere of kind vnto a blocke that hee thinkes cutting downe of Timber Parricide His tender conscience shall haue some more satisfaction It is no newes to heare the price of Timber rise with most things else perhaps through monies falling It did so long before the East India Companie beganne It doth so now within the Land where neyther they nor any can build shippes but to confound that poore Conceite that they haue caused dearth the East India Marchants Bookes will shew that to this daie they haue in all of English Timber spent but fiue thousand sixe hundred twentie three loades and one thousand eight hundred fortie two of plancks Whereas I know of my particular acquaintances within his Shippewrights limits the Companie are offered at this present more then that at as cheape rates as when they built the Trades Increase And they that best can iudge the East-India Shipwrights sent to bargaine for the Companie auerre vpon their credits that they know within that fortie miles Timber enough to build not onely many a Trades-Increase but to vse their wordes Ten times as many ships as the East-India Marchants haue Yet they foreseeing store can be no sore especially neere home and hearing how the stranger daily fetched away our Timber out of Ireland out of an honest good affection to their Countrie put their foot in there and now prouide the most part of their shipping and materials thence in which they finde no fault at all saue as he only truly saies the charge and hazard and if it shall seeme good vnto his Maiestie to keepe our Irish Timber from the stranger for to build Busses and fishing Vessells for our selues This ready Companie to doe him seruice and to good their Countrie may perhaps finde meanes to saue homestore by trying a conclusion in Virginia which this worthy Author thinkes men know not what to doe withall Since therefore their prouision out of Ireland neither is for neede nor to saue charges What is he that requites that industrie of theirs and hazard with ill wordes Now Sir wee are vpon his next Invectiues his maine battaile nothing now but death of men only a certaine loose Wing a stragling Obiection about shipping comes first in the way and saies that The East India Marchants haue bought the best ships out of other Trades and plum'd euen Constantinople her selfe of her best shipping like a Bird that makes her selfe gay c. BVt if the Poet were aliue from whom hee borrowes that conceit to reade first a Gentlemans Fishing-Proiect and then this Trades increase assuredly His Quae moue at Cornicula risum Furtiuis nudata coloribus in the proper sence should not neede to force it selfe vpon the East-India ships but to the matter of the Obiection if he had his will that the East-India Marchants might neither build nor buy what had become of those old ships they bought as the Hector the Ascension and the Suzan of Turkie Marchants and some others of other men had they