in_o a_o short_a time_n after_o do_v so_o clear_a the_o kingdom_n of_o thief_n &_o other_o capital_a offender_n as_o i_o dare_v affirm_v that_o for_o the_o space_n of_o five_o year_n last_o pass_v there_o have_v not_o be_v find_v so_o many_o malefactor_n worthy_a of_o death_n in_o all_o the_o six_o circuit_n of_o this_o realm_n which_o be_v now_o divide_v into_o 32._o shire_n at_o large_a as_o in_o one_o circuit_n of_o six_o shire_n namely_o the_o western_a circuit_n in_o england_n for_o the_o troth_n be_v that_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n the_o irish_a be_v more_o fearful_a to_o offend_v the_o law_n than_o the_o english_a or_o any_o other_o nation_n whatsoever_o again_o whereas_o the_o great_a advantage_n that_o the_o irish_a have_v of_o we_o in_o all_o their_o rebellion_n be_v our_o ignorance_n of_o their_o country_n their_o person_n and_o their_o action_n since_o the_o law_n and_o her_o minister_n have_v have_v a_o passage_n among_o they_o all_o their_o place_n of_o fastness_n have_v be_v discover_v and_o lay_v open_a all_o their_o pace_n clear_v &_o notice_n take_v of_o every_o person_n that_o be_v able_a to_o do_v either_o good_a or_o hurt_n it_o be_v know_v not_o only_a how_o they_o live_v and_o what_o they_o do_v but_o it_o be_v foresee_v what_o they_o purpose_v or_o intend_v to_o do_v insomuch_o as_o tirone_n have_v be_v hear_v to_o complain_v that_o he_o have_v so_o many_o eye_n watch_v over_o he_o as_o he_o can_v not_o drink_v a_o full_a carouse_n of_o sack_n but_o the_o state_n be_v advertise_v thereof_o within_o few_o hour_n after_o and_o therefore_o those_o allowance_n which_o i_o find_v in_o the_o ancient_a pipe-rolle_n proguidagio_n &_o spiagio_fw-mi may_v be_v well_o spare_v at_o this_o day_n for_o the_o vnder-sheriffe_n and_o bailiff_n errant_a be_v better_a guide_n and_o spy_n in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n than_o any_o be_v find_v in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n moreover_o these_o civil_a assembly_n at_o assize_n and_o session_n have_v reclaim_v the_o irish_a from_o their_o wildenesse_n cause_v they_o to_o cut_v off_o their_o glib_n and_o long_a hair_n to_o convert_v their_o mantle_n into_o cloak_n to_o conform_v themselves_o to_o the_o manner_n of_o england_n in_o all_o their_o behaviour_n and_o outward_a form_n and_o because_o they_o find_v a_o great_a inconvenience_n in_o move_v their_o suit_n by_o a_o interpreter_n they_o do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n send_v their_o child_n to_o school_n especial_o to_o learn_v the_o english_a language_n so_o as_o we_o may_v conceive_v a_o hope_n that_o the_o next_o generation_n will_v in_o tongue_n &_o heart_n and_o every_o way_n else_o become_v english_a so_o as_o there_o will_v be_v no_o difference_n or_o distinction_n but_o the_o irish_a sea_n betwixt_o us._n and_o thus_o we_o see_v a_o good_a conversion_n &_o the_o irish_a game_n turn_v again_o for_o heretofore_o the_o neglect_n of_o the_o law_n make_v the_o english_a degenerate_a and_o become_v irish_a and_o now_o on_o the_o other_o 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as_o english_z throughout_o the_o kingdom_n for_o although_o that_o in_o the_o 12._o year_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n a_o special_a law_n be_v make_v which_o do_v enable_v the_o lord_n deputy_n to_o take_v surrender_n &_o regrant_a estate_n unto_o the_o irishry_n upon_o signification_n of_o her_o majesty_n pleasure_n in_o that_o behalf_n yet_o be_v there_o but_o few_o of_o the_o irish_a lord_n that_o make_v offer_v to_o surrender_v during_o her_o reign_n &_o they_o which_o make_v surrender_n of_o entire_a country_n obtain_v grant_n of_o the_o whole_a again_o to_o themselves_o only_o &_o to_o no_o other_o and_o all_o in_o demesne_fw-la in_o pass_v of_o which_o grant_v there_o be_v no_o care_n take_v of_o the_o inferior_a septe_n of_o people_n inhabit_v and_o possess_v these_o country_n under_o they_o but_o they_o hold_v their_o several_a portion_n in_o course_n of_o tanistry_n and_o gavelkind_n and_o yield_v the_o same_o irish_a duty_n or_o exaction_n as_o they_o do_v before_o so_o that_o upon_o every_o such_o surrender_n &_o grant_v there_o be_v but_o one_o freeholder_n make_v in_o a_o whole_a country_n which_o be_v the_o lord_n himself_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v but_o tenant_n at_o will_n or_o rather_o tenant_n in_o villeinage_n and_o be_v neither_o fit_a to_o be_v swear_v in_o jury_n nor_o to_o perform_v any_o public_a service_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o their_o estate_n do_v utter_o neglect_v to_o build_v or_o to_o plant_v or_o to_o improve_v the_o land_n and_o therefore_o although_o the_o lord_n be_v become_v the_o king_n tenant_n his_o country_n be_v no_o whit_n reform_v thereby_o but_o remain_v in_o the_o former_a barbarism_n and_o desolation_n again_o in_o the_o same_o queen_n time_n there_o be_v many_o irish_a lord_n which_o do_v not_o surrender_v yet_o obtain_v letter_n patent_n of_o the_o captaine-ship_n of_o their_o country_n &_o of_o all_o land_n &_o duty_n belong_v to_o those_o captainship_n for_o the_o statute_n which_o do_v condemn_v &_o abolish_v these_o captainries_a usurp_v by_o the_o irish_a do_v give_v power_n to_o the_o lord_n deputy_n to_o grant_v the_o same_o by_o letter_n patent_n howbeit_o these_o irish_a captain_n and_o likewise_o the_o english_a which_o be_v make_v seneschalle_n of_o the_o irish_a country_n do_v by_o colour_n of_o these_o grant_n and_o under_o pretence_n of_o government_n claim_v a_o irish_a seignory_n and_o exercise_v plain_a tyranny_n over_o the_o common_a people_n and_o this_o be_v the_o fruit_n that_o do_v arise_v of_o the_o letter_n patent_n grant_v of_o the_o irish_a country_n in_o the_o time_n of_o q._n elizabeth_n where_o before_o they_o do_v extort_v &_o oppress_v the_o people_n only_o by_o colour_n of_o a_o lewd_a and_o barbarous_a custom_n they_o do_v afterward_o use_v the_o same_o extortion_n and_o oppression_n by_o warrant_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o now_o since_o his_o majesty_n come_v execution_n to_o the_o crown_n two_o special_a commission_n have_v be_v send_v out_o of_o england_n for_o the_o settle_n and_o quiet_v of_o all_o the_o possession_n in_o ireland_n the_o one_o for_o accept_v surrender_n of_o the_o irish_a and_o degenerate_a english_a and_o for_o regrant_v estate_n unto_o they_o according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n the_o other_o for_o strengthen_v of_o defective_a title_n in_o the_o execution_n of_o which_o commission_n there_o have_v ever_o be_v have_v a_o special_a care_n to_o settle_v and_o secure_v the_o vnder-tennant_n to_o the_o end_n there_o may_v be_v a_o repose_n and_o establishment_n of_o every_o subject_n estate_n lord_n &_o tenant_n freeholder_n and_o farmer_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n upon_o surrenders_n this_o course_n have_v be_v hold_v from_o the_o beginning_n when_o a_o irish_a lord_n do_v offer_v to_o surrender_v his_o country_n his_o surrender_n be_v not_o immediate_o accept_v but_o a_o commission_n be_v first_o award_v to_o inquire_v of_o three_o special_a point_n first_o of_o the_o quantity_n and_o limit_n of_o the_o land_n whereof_o he_o be_v repute_v owner_n next_o how_o much_o himself_o do_v hold_v in_o demean_n and_o how_o much_o be_v possess_v by_o his_o tenant_n and_o follower_n and_o three_o what_o custom_n duty_n and_o service_n he_o do_v yearly_o receive_v out_o of_o those_o land_n this_o inquisition_n be_v make_v &_o return_v the_o land_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o lord_n proper_a possession_n in_o demesn_a be_v draw_v into_o a_o particular_a and_o his_o irish_a duty_n as_o coshering_n sessing_n rent_n of_o butter_n and_o oatmeal_n and_o the_o like_a be_v reasonable_o value_v and_o reduce_v into_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o be_v pay_v yearly_a in_o lieu_n thereof_o this_o be_v do_v the_o surrender_n be_v accept_v and_o thereupon_o a_o grant_v pass_v not_o of_o the_o whole_a country_n as_o be_v use_v in_o
king_n henry_n the_o third_o give_v the_o whole_a land_n of_o ireland_n to_o edward_n the_o prince_n his_o elder_a son_n and_o his_o heir_n ita_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la separetur_fw-la a_o cona_fw-la westminster_n angliae_fw-la whereupon_o it_o be_v style_v the_o land_n of_o the_o lord_n edward_n the_o king_n elder_a son_n and_o all_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o land_n be_v call_v the_o officer_n 9_o of_o edward_n lord_n of_o ireland_n and_o though_o this_o edward_n be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o active_a prince_n that_o ever_o live_v in_o england_n yet_o do_v he_o not_o either_o in_o the_o life_n time_n of_o his_o father_n or_o during_o his_o own_o reign_n come_v over_o in_o person_n or_o transmit_v any_o army_n into_o ireland_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n he_o draw_v sundry_a aid_n &_o supply_n of_o man_n out_o of_o ireland_n to_o serve_v he_o in_o his_o war_n in_o scotland_n wales_n and_o gascoigne_n and_o again_o though_o king_n edw_n the_o second_o send_v over_o piers_n gaveston_n with_o a_o great_a retinue_n it_o be_v never_o intend_v he_o shall_v perfect_v the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n for_o the_o k._n can_v not_o want_v his_o company_n so_o long_o a_o time_n as_o must_v have_v be_v spend_v in_o the_o finish_n of_o so_o tedious_a a_o work_n so_o then_o in_o all_o that_o space_n of_o time_n between_o the_o twelve_o year_n of_o king_n 3._o john_n and_o the_o 36._o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o contain_v 150._o year_n or_o thereabouts_o although_o there_o be_v a_o continual_a border_a war_n between_o the_o english_a and_o the_o irish_a there_o come_v no_o royal_a army_n out_o of_o england_n to_o make_v a_o end_n of_o the_o war_n but_o the_o chief_a governor_n of_o the_o realm_n who_o be_v at_o first_o call_v custodes_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la and_o afterward_o lord_n justice_n and_o the_o english_a lord_n who_o have_v get_v so_o great_a possession_n and_o royalty_n as_o that_o they_o presume_v to_o make_v war_n and_o peace_n without_o direction_n from_o the_o state_n do_v levy_v all_o their_o force_n within_o the_o land_n but_o those_o force_n be_v weak_o supply_v and_o ill_o govern_v as_o i_o say_v before_o weak_o supply_v with_o man_n and_o money_n and_o govern_v with_o the_o worst_a discipline_n that_o ever_o be_v see_v among_o man_n of_o war_n and_o no_o marvel_n for_o it_o be_v a_o infallible_a rule_n that_o a_o army_n ill_o pay_v be_v ever_o unruly_a and_o ill_o govern_v the_o stand_a force_n here_o be_v seldom_o or_o never_o reenforced_v out_o of_o england_n and_o such_o as_o be_v either_o send_v from_o thence_o or_o raise_v here_o do_v common_o do_v more_o hurt_v and_o damage_n to_o the_o english_a subject_n then_o to_o the_o irish_a enemy_n by_o their_o continual_a sesse_n and_o extortion_n which_o mischief_n do_v arise_v by_o reason_n that_o little_a or_o no_o treasure_n be_v send_v out_o of_o england_n to_o pay_v the_o soldier_n wage_n only_o the_o king_n revennew_n in_o ireland_n be_v spend_v and_o whole_o spend_v in_o the_o public_a service_n and_o therefore_o in_o all_o the_o ancient_a pipe-rols_a dublin_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o edward_z the_o first_o edward_z the_o second_o &_o edward_n the_o three_o between_o the_o receipt_n and_o allowance_n there_o be_v this_o entry_n in_o thesauro_fw-la nihil_fw-la for_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o state_n and_o the_o army_n spend_v all_o so_o as_o there_o be_v no_o surplusage_n of_o treasure_n and_o yet_o that_o all_o be_v not_o sufficient_a for_o in_o default_n of_o the_o king_n pay_v aswell_o the_o ordinary_a force_n which_o stand_v continual_o as_o the_o extraordinary_a which_o be_v levy_v by_o the_o chief_a governor_n upon_o journey_n and_o general_a hoasting_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n lay_v upon_o the_o poor_a subject_n descend_v of_o english_a race_n howbeit_o this_o burden_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n tolerable_a in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o and_o king_n edward_z the_o first_o but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o maurice_n fitz-thomas_n of_o desmond_n be_v chief_a commander_n of_o the_o army_n against_o the_o scot_n begin_v that_o wicked_a extortion_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n and_o pay_v that_o be_v he_o &_o his_o army_n take_v horse_n meat_n and_o manfmeate_n dublin_n and_o money_n at_o their_o pleasure_n without_o any_o ticket_n or_o other_o fatisfaction_n and_o this_o be_v after_o that_o time_n the_o general_a fault_n of_o all_o the_o governor_n and_o commander_n of_o the_o army_n in_o this_o land_n only_o the_o golden_a say_n of_o sir_n thomas_n rookesby_n who_o be_v justice_n camden_n in_o the_o thirty_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o 3._o be_v record_v in_o all_o the_o annalle_n of_o this_o kingdom_n that_o he_o will_v eat_v in_o wooden_a dish_n but_o will_v pay_v for_o his_o meat_n gold_n &_o silver_n beside_o the_o english_a colony_n be_v disperse_v in_o every_o province_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v enforce_v to_o keep_v continual_a guard_n upon_o the_o border_n &_o march_n round_o about_o they_o which_o guard_n consist_v of_o idle_a soldier_n be_v likewise_o impose_v as_o a_o continual_a burden_n upon_o the_o poor_a english_a freeholders_n who_o they_o oppress_v and_o impoverish_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o because_o the_o great_a english_a lord_n &_o captain_n have_v manus_fw-la power_n to_o impose_v this_o charge_n when_o dublin_n and_o where_o they_o please_v many_o of_o the_o poor_a freeholder_n be_v glad_a to_o give_v unto_o those_o lord_n a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o land_n to_o hold_v the_o rest_n free_a from_o that_o extortion_n and_o many_o other_o not_o be_v able_a to_o endure_v that_o intolerable_a oppression_n do_v utter_o quit_v their_o freehold_n and_o return_v into_o england_n by_o this_o mean_a the_o english_a colony_n grow_v poor_a and_o weak_a though_o the_o english_a lord_n grow_v rich_a and_o mighty_a for_o they_o place_v irish_a tenant_n upon_o the_o land_n relinquish_v by_o the_o english_a upon_o they_o they_o levy_v all_o irish_a exaction_n with_o they_o they_o marry_v and_o foster_v and_o make_v gossip_n so_o as_o within_o one_o age_n the_o english_a both_o lord_n and_o freeholders_n become_v degenerate_a and_o mere_a irish_a in_o their_o language_n in_o their_o apparel_n in_o their_o arm_n and_o manner_n of_o fight_n &_o all_o other_o custom_n oflife_o whatsoever_o by_o this_o it_o appear_v why_o the_o extortion_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n be_v call_v s._n in_o the_o old_a statute_n of_o ireland_n a_o damnable_a custom_n and_o the_o impose_v &_o take_v thereof_o make_v high_a treason_n and_o it_o be_v say_v in_o a_o ancient_a discourse_n of_o the_o deâ—…y_n of_o ireland_n that_o though_o it_o be_v first_o invent_v in_o hell_n yet_o if_o it_o have_v be_v use_v and_o practise_v there_o as_o it_o have_v be_v in_o ireland_n it_o have_v long_o since_o destroy_v the_o very_a kingdom_n of_o belzebub_n in_o this_o manner_n be_v the_o war_n of_o ireland_n carry_v before_o the_o come_n over_o of_o lionel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n this_o young_a prince_n be_v earl_n of_o ulster_n and_o lord_n of_o conaght_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n who_o be_v daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o lord_n william_n bourke_n the_o last_o earl_n of_o ulster_n of_o that_o family_n slay_v by_o treachery_n at_o knockfergus_n be_v make_v the_o king_n lieutenant_n of_o ireland_n and_o 3._o send_v over_o with_o a_o army_n in_o the_o 36._o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o the_o rol_o and_o list_v of_o which_o army_n do_v remain_v of_o record_n in_o the_o king_n remembrauncer_n westm_fw-la office_n in_o england_n in_o the_o press_n de_fw-fr rebu_v augentibus_fw-la hiberniam_fw-la &_o do_v not_o contain_v above_o fifteen_o hundred_o man_n by_o the_o poll_n which_o because_o it_o differ_v somewhat_o from_o the_o manner_n of_o this_o age_n both_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o command_n and_o the_o entertainment_n i_o think_v it_o not_o impertinent_a to_o take_v a_o brief_a view_n thereof_o the_o lord_n lionel_n be_v general_n and_o under_o he_o raulf_n earl_n of_o staffora_n james_n earl_n of_o ormond_n sir_n john_n carew_n banneret_n sir_n william_n winsor_n &_o other_o knight_n be_v commander_n the_o entertainment_n of_o the_o general_n upon_o his_o first_o arrival_n be_v but_o six_o shilling_n eight_o penny_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la for_o himself_o for_o five_o knight_n two_o shilling_n a_o piece_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la for_o 64._o esquire_n xij_o d_o a_o piece_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la for_o 70_o archer_n uj._o d._n a_o piece_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la but_o be_v short_o after_o create_v duke_n of_o clarence_n which_o honour_n be_v confer_v upon_o he_o be_v here_o in_o ireland_n his_o entertainment_n be_v raise_v to_o xiij_o s._n iiij_o d._n per_fw-la diem_fw-la for_o himself_o &_o for_o 8._o knight_n ij_o s._n a_o piece_n per_fw-la
first_o have_v be_v general_n of_o the_o irish_a force_n not_o only_o in_o this_o kingdom_n but_o in_o the_o war_n of_o scotland_n wales_n and_o gascoigne_n and_o therefore_o maurice_n fitz-thomas_n of_o desmond_n be_v then_o the_o most_o active_a nobleman_n in_o this_o realm_n scot_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o chief_a command_n in_o this_o war_n for_o the_o support_n whereof_o the_o revenue_n of_o this_o land_n be_v far_o too_o short_a and_o yet_o no_o supply_n of_o treasure_n be_v send_v out_o of_o england_n then_o be_v there_o no_o mean_a to_o maintain_v english_a the_o army_n but_o by_o sess_v the_o soldier_n upon_o the_o subject_n as_o the_o irish_a be_v wont_a to_o impose_v their_o bonaught_n whereupon_o grow_v that_o wicked_a extortion_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n speak_v of_o before_o which_o in_o short_a time_n banish_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o freeholders_n out_o of_o the_o county_n of_o kerrie_o limerick_n cork_n and_o waterford_v into_o who_o possession_n desmond_n and_o his_o kinsman_n ally_n and_o follower_n which_o be_v then_o more_o irish_a then_o english_a do_v enter_v and_o appropriate_v these_o land_n unto_o themselves_o desmond_n himself_o take_v what_o scope_n he_o best_o like_v for_o his_o demesne_n in_o every_o country_n and_o reserve_v a_o irish_a seignory_n out_o of_o the_o rest_n and_o here_o that_o i_o may_v verify_v &_o maintain_v by_o matter_n of_o record_n that_o which_o be_v before_o deliver_v touch_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o wicked_a extortion_n call_v coin_n and_o livery_n and_o the_o manifold_a mischief_n it_o do_v produce_v i_o think_v it_o fit_a and_o pertinent_a to_o insert_v the_o preamble_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 10._o of_o henry_n 7._o c._n 4._o not_o print_v but_o record_v in_o parliament_n roll_n of_o dublin_n in_o these_o word_n at_o the_o request_n &_o supplication_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o this_o land_n of_o ireland_n that_o where_o of_o long_a time_n there_o have_v be_v use_v and_o exact_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o gentleman_n of_o this_o land_n many_o and_o diverse_a damnable_a custom_n &_o usage_n which_o be_v call_v coin_n and_o livery_n and_o pay_v that_o be_v horsemeat_n and_o mansmeat_n for_o the_o find_n of_o their_o horseman_n and_o footman_n and_o over_o that_o 4._o d._n or_o 6._o d._n daily_o to_o every_o of_o they_o to_o be_v have_v and_o pay_v of_o the_o poor_a earth-tiller_n and_o tenant_n inhabitant_n of_o the_o say_a land_n without_o any_o thing_n do_v or_o pay_v therefore_o beside_o many_o murder_n robbery_n rape_n &_o other_o manifold_a extortion_n &_o oppression_n by_o the_o say_a horseman_n and_o footman_n daily_a and_o mighty_o commit_v &_o do_v which_o be_v the_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o desolation_n &_o destruction_n of_o the_o say_a land_n &_o have_v bring_v the_o same_o into_o ruin_n and_o decay_n so_o as_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o english_a freeholders_n and_o tenant_n of_o this_o land_n be_v depart_v out_o thereof_o some_o into_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o other_o some_o to_o other_o strange_a land_n whereupon_o the_o foresay_a lord_n and_o gentleman_n of_o this_o land_n have_v intrude_v into_o the_o say_a freeholders_n and_o tenant_n inheritance_n and_o the_o same_o keep_v and_o occupy_v as_o their_o own_o inheritance_n and_o setten_v under_o they_o in_o the_o same_o land_n the_o king_n irish_a enemy_n to_o the_o diminish_n of_o holy_a church_n rite_n the_o disherison_n of_o the_o king_n &_o his_o obedient_a subject_n and_o the_o utter_a ruin_n and_o desolation_n of_o the_o land_n for_o reformation_n whereof_o be_v it_o enact_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v receive_v a_o subsidy_n of_o 26._o s._n 8._o d._n out_o of_o every_o 120._o acre_n of_o arable_a land_n manure_v etc._n etc._n but_o to_o return_v to_o though_o fitz-maurice_n of_o desmond_n by_o this_o extortion_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n he_o sudden_o grow_v from_o a_o mean_a to_o a_o mighty_a estate_n insomuch_o as_o the_o baron_n finglas_n in_o his_o discourse_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o ireland_n affirm_v that_o his_o ancient_a inheritance_n be_v not_o one_o thousand_o mark_n yearly_a he_o become_v able_a to_o dispend_v every_o way_n ten_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la these_o possession_n be_v thus_o unlawful_o get_v can_v not_o be_v maintain_v by_o the_o just_a and_o honourable_a law_n of_o england_n which_o will_v have_v restore_v the_o true_a owner_n to_o their_o land_n again_o and_o therefore_o this_o great-man_n find_v no_o mean_n to_o continue_v &_o uphold_v his_o ill-purchased_n greatness_n but_o by_o reject_v the_o english_a law_n &_o government_n and_o assume_v in_o lieu_n thereof_o the_o barbarous_a custom_n of_o the_o irish._n and_o hereupon_o follow_v the_o defection_n of_o those_o four_o shire_n contain_v the_o great_a part_n of_o munster_n from_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o law_n in_o like_a manner_n say_v baron_n finglas_n the_o lord_n of_o tipperary_n perceive_v how_o well_o the_o house_n of_o desmond_n have_v thrive_v by_o coin_n and_o livery_n and_o other_o irish_a exaction_n begin_v to_o hold_v the_o like_a course_n in_o the_o county_n of_o tipperary_n and_o kilkenny_n whereby_o he_o get_v great_a scope_n of_o land_n special_o in_o ormond_n and_o raise_v many_o irish_a exaction_n upon_o the_o english_a freeholders_n there_o which_o make_v he_o so_o potent_a &_o absolute_a among_o they_o as_o at_o that_o time_n they_o know_v no_o other_o law_n than_o the_o will_n of_o their_o lord_n beside_o find_v that_o the_o earl_n of_o desmond_n exclude_v the_o ordinary_a minister_n of_o justice_n under_o colour_n of_o a_o royal_a liberty_n which_o he_o claim_v in_o the_o county_n of_o kerry_n cork_n and_o waterford_v by_o a_o grant_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o as_o appear_z in_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la bring_v against_o he_o anno_fw-la 1._o edw._n 1._o the_o record_n whereof_o remain_v in_o breminghams_n tower_n among_o the_o common_a plea-rolle_n there_o this_o lord_n also_o in_o the_o three_o of_o edward_n the_o third_o obtain_v a_o grant_v of_o the_o like_a liberty_n in_o the_o county_n of_o tipperary_n whereby_o he_o get_v the_o law_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n &_o shut_v out_o the_o common_a law_n and_o justice_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o thus_o we_o see_v that_o all_o munster_n fall_v away_o from_o the_o english_a law_n and_o government_n in_o the_o end_n of_o king_n edward_n 2._o his_o reign_n and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o again_o about_o the_o same_o time_n viz_o in_o the_o 20._o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o when_o the_o state_n of_o england_n be_v well-nigh_a ruin_v by_o the_o rebellion_n of_o the_o baron_n and_o the_o government_n of_o ireland_n utter_o neglect_v there_o arise_v leinster_n in_o leinster_n one_o of_o the_o cavanaghes_n name_v donald_n mac_n art_n who_o name_v camden_n himself_o mac_n murrogh_n king_n of_o leinster_n and_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o county_n of_o catherlogh_n and_o of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o county_n of_o wexford_v and_o short_o after_o lisagh_fw-mi o_fw-mi moor_n call_v himself_o manus_fw-la o_o moor_n take_v 8._o castle_n in_o one_o evening_n destroy_v dunamase_v the_o principal_a leinster_n house_n of_o the_o l._n mortimer_n in_o leix_n recover_v that_o whole_a country_n de_fw-fr seruo_fw-la dominus_fw-la de_fw-la subiecto_fw-la princeps_fw-la effectus_fw-la say_v friar_n clynne_n in_o his_o annalle_n beside_o the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n imitate_v his_o cousin_n of_o desmond_n do_v not_o omit_v to_o make_v the_o like_a use_n of_o coin_n &_o livery_n in_o kildare_n and_o the_o west_n part_n of_o meth_n which_o bring_v the_o like_a barbarism_n into_o those_o part_n and_o thus_o a_o great_a part_n of_o leinster_n be_v lose_v and_o fall_v away_o from_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o crown_n near_o about_o the_o time_n before_o express_v again_o in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o the_o lord_n william_n bourke_n earl_n of_o ulster_n and_o lord_n murder_v of_o conaght_n be_v treacherous_o murder_v by_o his_o own_o squire_n at_o knockefergus_n leave_v behind_o he_o vnicam_fw-la &_o unius_fw-la manus_fw-la annifiliam_fw-la say_v friar_n clynne_n immediate_o upon_o the_o murder_n commit_v the_o countess_n with_o her_o young_a daughter_n flee_v into_o england_n so_o as_o the_o government_n of_o that_o country_n be_v whole_o neglect_v until_o that_o young_a lady_n be_v marry_v to_o lionel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n that_o prince_n come_v over_o with_o a_o army_n to_o recover_v his_o wife_n inheritance_n and_o to_o reform_v this_o kingdom_n anno_fw-la 36._o of_o edward_n the_o three_o but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n what_o become_v of_o that_o great_a inheritance_n both_o in_o ulster_n &_o conaght_n assure_o in_o ulster_n the_o sept_n of_o irish._n hugh_n boy_n o_o neal_n then_o possess_v glaucoukeyn_a and_o killeightra_n in_o tyrone_n take_v the_o
former_a time_n but_o of_o those_o land_n only_o which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o lord_n possession_n &_o of_o those_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n as_o rent_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o rest_n but_o the_o land_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o tenant_n be_v leave_v unto_o they_o respective_o charge_v with_o these_o certain_a rent_n only_o in_o lieu_n of_o all_o uncertain_a irish_a exaction_n in_o like_a manner_n upon_o all_o grant_n which_o have_v pass_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o commission_n for_o defective_a title_n the_o commissioner_n have_v take_v special_a caution_n for_o preservation_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o all_o particular_a tenant_n and_o as_o for_o grant_n of_o captaineshippe_n reign_n or_o seneschal-shippe_n in_o the_o irish_a country_n albeit_o this_o deputy_n have_v as_o much_o power_n and_o authority_n to_o grant_v the_o same_o as_o any_o other_o governor_n have_v before_o he_o and_o may_v have_v raise_v as_o much_o profit_n by_o bestow_v the_o same_o if_o he_o have_v respect_v his_o private_a more_o than_o the_o public_a good_a yet_o have_v he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o pass_v any_o such_o in_o all_o his_o time_n as_o he_o have_v endeavour_v to_o resume_v all_o the_o grant_n of_o that_o kind_n that_o have_v be_v make_v by_o his_o predecessor_n to_o the_o end_n the_o inferior_a subject_n of_o the_o realm_n shall_v make_v their_o only_a and_o immediate_a dependency_n upon_o the_o crown_n and_o thus_o we_o see_v how_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o possession_n aswell_o of_o the_o irish_a as_o of_o the_o english_a in_o leinster_n conaght_n and_o monster_n be_v settle_v and_o secure_v since_o his_o majesty_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n whereby_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o people_n be_v also_o settle_v not_o only_o to_o live_v in_o peace_n but_o raise_v &_o encourage_v to_o build_v to_o plant_v to_o give_v better_a education_n to_o their_o child_n &_o to_o improve_v the_o commodity_n of_o their_o land_n whereby_o the_o yearly_a value_n thereof_o be_v already_o increase_v double_a of_o that_o it_o be_v within_o these_o few_o year_n and_o be_v like_o daily_a to_o rise_v high_o till_o it_o amount_v to_o the_o price_n of_o our_o land_n in_o england_n last_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o irishry_n ulster_n in_o the_o province_n of_o ulster_n though_o it_o be_v the_o most_o rude_a and_o unreformed_a part_n of_o ireland_n and_o the_o seat_n and_o nest_n of_o the_o last_o great_a rebellion_n be_v now_o better_o dispose_v and_o establish_v than_o any_o the_o land_n in_o the_o other_o province_n which_o have_v be_v past_a and_o settle_v upon_o surrenders_n for_o as_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o dispose_n of_o those_o land_n do_v not_o happen_v without_o the_o special_a providence_n and_o finger_n of_o god_n which_o do_v cast_v out_o those_o wicked_a and_o ungrateful_a traitor_n who_o be_v the_o only_a enemy_n of_o the_o reformation_n of_o ireland_n so_o the_o distribution_n and_o plantation_n thereof_o have_v be_v project_v &_o prosecute_v by_o the_o special_a direction_n and_o care_n of_o the_o k._n himself_o wherein_o his_o majesty_n have_v correct_v the_o error_n before_o speak_v of_o commit_v by_o k._n henry_n 2._o &_o k._n john_n in_o distribute_v and_o plant_v the_o first_o conquer_v land_n for_o although_o there_o be_v six_o whole_a shire_n to_o be_v dispose_v his_o majesty_n give_v not_o a_o entire_a country_n or_o county_n to_o any_o particular_a person_n much_o less_o do_v he_o grant_v lura_fw-la regalia_z or_o any_o extraordinary_a liberty_n for_o the_o best_a british_a undertaker_n have_v but_o a_o proportion_n of_o 3000._o acre_n for_o himself_o with_o power_n to_o create_v a_o manor_n and_o hold_v a_o court_n baron_fw-fr albeit_o many_o of_o these_o undertaker_n be_v of_o as_o great_a birth_n &_o quality_n as_o the_o best_a adventurer_n in_o the_o first_o conquest_n again_o his_o majesty_n do_v not_o utter_o exclude_v the_o native_n out_o of_o this_o plantation_n with_o a_o purpose_n to_o root_v they_o out_o as_o the_o irish_a be_v exclude_v out_o of_o the_o first_o english_a colonies_n but_o make_v a_o mix_a plantation_n of_o british_a &_o irish_a that_o they_o may_v grow_v up_o together_o in_o one_o nation_n only_o the_o irish_a be_v in_o some_o place_n transplant_v from_o the_o wood_n &_o mountain_n into_o the_o plain_n &_o open_a country_n that_o be_v remove_v like_o wild_a fruit_n tree_n they_o may_v grow_v the_o mild_a and_o bear_v the_o better_a &_o sweet_a fruit_n and_o this_o true_o be_v the_o masterpiece_n and_o most_o excellent_a part_n of_o the_o work_n of_o reformation_n and_o be_v worthy_a indeed_o of_o his_o majesty_n royal_a pain_n for_o when_o this_o plantation_n have_v take_v root_n and_o be_v fix_v and_o settle_v but_o a_o few_o year_n with_o the_o favour_n and_o blessing_n of_o god_n for_o the_o son_n of_o god_n himself_o have_v say_v in_o the_o gospel_n omnis_fw-la plantatio_fw-la quam_fw-la non_fw-la plantavit_fw-la pater_fw-la meus_fw-la eradicabitur_fw-la it_o will_v secure_v the_o peace_n of_o ireland_n assure_v it_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n for_o ever_o and_o final_o make_v it_o a_o civil_a and_o a_o rich_a a_o mighty_a and_o a_o flourish_a kingdom_n i_o omit_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n both_o certain_a and_o casual_a which_o be_v raise_v to_o a_o double_a proportion_n at_o least_o above_o that_o it_o be_v by_o derive_v the_o public_a justice_n into_o all_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n by_o settle_v all_o the_o possession_n both_o of_o the_o irish_a &_o english_a by_o re-establish_a the_o composition_n by_o restore_v and_o resume_v the_o custom_n by_o reviue_v the_o tenor_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o knights-seruice_n &_o reduce_v many_o other_o thing_n into_o charge_n which_o by_o the_o confusion_n and_o negligence_n offormer_n time_n become_v conceal_v and_o subtract_v from_o the_o crown_n i_o forbear_v likewise_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o due_a and_o ready_a bring_v in_o of_o the_o revenue_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v by_o the_o well-ordering_a of_o the_o court_n of_o exchequer_n and_o the_o authority_n &_o pain_n of_o the_o commissioner_n for_o account_n i_o may_v also_o add_v hereunto_o the_o encouragement_n that_o have_v be_v give_v to_o the_o maritime_a town_n and_o city_n as_o well_o to_o increase_v their_o trade_n of_o merchandise_n as_o to_o cherish_v mechanical_a art_n and_o science_n in_o that_o all_o their_o charter_n have_v be_v renew_a &_o their_o liberty_n more_o enlarge_v by_o his_o majesty_n then_o by_o any_o of_o his_o progenitor_n since_o the_o conquest_n as_o likewise_o the_o care_n &_o course_n that_o have_v be_v take_v to_o make_v civil_a commerce_n and_o enter_v course_n between_o the_o subject_n new_o reform_v and_o bring_v under_o obedience_n by_o grant_v market_n and_o fair_n to_o be_v hold_v in_o their_o country_n and_o by_o erect_v of_o corporate_a town_n among_o they_o brief_o the_o clock_n of_o the_o civil_a government_n be_v now_o well_o set_v and_o all_o the_o wheel_n thereof_o doemove_v in_o order_n the_o string_n of_o this_o irish_a harp_n which_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n do_v finger_n be_v all_o in_o tune_n for_o i_o omit_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o state_n ecclesiastical_a and_o make_v a_o good_a harmony_n in_o this_o commonweal_n so_o as_o we_o may_v well_o conceive_v a_o hope_n that_o ireland_n which_o heretofore_o may_v proper_o be_v call_v the_o land_n of_o ire_n because_o the_o irascible_a power_n be_v predominant_a there_o for_o the_o space_n of_o 400._o year_n together_o will_v from_o henceforth_o prove_v a_o land_n of_o peace_n and_o concord_n and_o though_o heretofore_o it_o have_v be_v like_o the_o lean_a cow_n of_o egypt_n in_o pharaoh_n dream_n devour_v the_o fat_a of_o england_n and_o yet_o remain_v as_o lean_a as_o it_o be_v before_o it_o will_v hereafter_o be_v as_o fruitful_a as_o the_o land_n of_o canaan_n the_o description_n whereof_o in_o the_o 8._o of_o deutronomie_n do_v in_o every_o part_n agree_v with_o ireland_n be_v terra_fw-la rivorum_fw-la aquarumque_fw-la &_o jontium_fw-la in_fw-la cvius_fw-la campis_n &_o montibus_fw-la erumpunt_fw-la fluviorum_fw-la abyssi_fw-la terra_fw-la frumenti_fw-la &_o hordei_fw-la terralactis_fw-la &_o mellis_fw-la ubi_fw-la absque_fw-la ulla_fw-la penuria_fw-la comedes_fw-la panemtuum_fw-la &_o rerum_fw-la abundantia_fw-la perfrueris_fw-la and_o thus_o i_o have_v discover_v and_o express_v the_o defect_n and_o error_n aswell_o in_o the_o manage_v of_o the_o martial_a affair_n as_o of_o the_o civil_a which_o in_o former_a age_n give_v impediment_n to_o the_o reduce_n of_o all_o ireland_n to_o the_o obedience_n &_o subjection_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n i_o have_v likewise_o observe_v what_o course_n have_v be_v take_v to_o reform_v the_o defect_n and_o error_n in_o government_n and_o to_o reduce_v the_o people_n of_o this_o land_n to_o obedience_n since_o the_o begin_n of_o
yet_o remain_v in_o breminghams_n tower_n make_v by_o william_n fitz-warren_n seneschal_n and_o farmour_n of_o 3._o the_o land_n in_o ulster_n seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n after_o the_o death_n of_o walter_n de_fw-fr burgo_n earl_n of_o ulster_n from_o the_o five_o year_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o until_o the_o eight_o year_n do_v amount_v but_o to_o 900._o and_o odd_a pound_n at_o what_o time_n the_o irishry_n have_v not_o make_v so_o great_a a_o invasion_n upon_o the_o earldom_n of_o ulster_n as_o they_o have_v do_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o as_o vain_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v that_o i_o have_v see_v write_v in_o a_o ancient_a manuscript_n touch_v the_o custom_n of_o this_o realm_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o that_o those_o dutics_n in_o those_o day_n shall_v yearly_a amount_v to_o 10000_o mark_v which_o by_o my_o own_o search_n and_o view_v of_o the_o record_n here_o i_o can_v just_o control_v for_o upon_o the_o late_a reduce_v of_o this_o ancient_a inheritance_n of_o the_o crown_n which_o have_v be_v detain_v in_o most_o of_o the_o port-towne_n of_o this_o realm_n for_o the_o space_n of_o a_o hundred_o year_n and_o upwardes_o i_o take_v some_o pain_n according_a to_o the_o duty_n of_o my_o place_n to_o visâ—_n all_o the_o pipe-rolle_n wherein_o the_o account_n of_o custom_n be_v contain_v and_o find_v those_o duty_n answer_v in_o every_o port_n for_o 250._o year_n together_o but_o do_v not_o find_v that_o at_o any_o time_n they_o do_v exceed_v a_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o no_o marvel_n for_o the_o subsidy_n of_o pondage_n be_v not_o then_o know_v and_o the_o great_a profit_n do_v arise_v by_o the_o cocquet_n of_o hides_n for_o wool_n and_o woollfel_n be_v ever_o of_o little_a value_n in_o this_o kingdom_n but_o now_o again_o let_v we_o see_v how_o the_o martial_a affair_n proceed_v in_o ireland_n sir_n william_n winsor_n continue_v his_o government_n till_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o third_o keep_v but_o not_o enlarge_a the_o english_a border_n in_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n 2_o richard_n the_o second_o the_o state_n of_o england_n begin_v to_o think_v of_o the_o recovery_n of_o ireland_n for_o than_o be_v the_o first_o statute_n make_v against_o absentees_n command_v all_o such_o as_o 42._o have_v land_n in_o ireland_n to_o return_v &_o reside_v thereupon_o upon_o pain_n to_o forfeit_v two_o three_o part_n of_o the_o profit_n thereof_o again_o this_o king_n before_o himself_o intend_v to_o pass_v over_o commit_v the_o government_n of_o this_o realm_n to_o such_o great_a lord_n successive_o as_o he_o do_v most_o love_n and_o favour_n first_o to_o the_o earl_n of_o oxford_n his_o chief_a minion_n who_o he_o create_v marquesse_n of_o dublin_n and_o duke_n of_o ireland_n next_o to_o the_o duke_n of_o surrey_n his_o half_a brother_n and_o last_o to_o the_o lord_n mortimer_n earl_n of_o march_n and_o ulster_n his_o cousin_n and_o heir_n apparent_a among_o the_o patent_n roll_n in_o the_o 24._o tower_n the_o nine_o year_n of_o rich._n the_o 2._o we_o find_v five_o hundred_o man_n at_o arm_n at_o xij_o d._n a_o piece_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la and_o a_o 1000_o a_o cheer_v at_o vi_o penny_n a_o piece_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la appoint_v for_o the_o duke_n of_o ireland_n super_fw-la conquestu_fw-la illius_fw-la terrae_fw-la per_fw-la duos_fw-la annos_fw-la for_o those_o be_v the_o word_n of_o that_o record_n but_o for_o the_o other_o two_o lieutenant_n i_o do_v not_o find_v the_o certain_a number_n whereof_o their_o army_n do_v consist_v but_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o they_o be_v scarce_o able_a to_o defend_v the_o english_a border_n much_o less_o to_o reduce_v the_o whole_a island_n for_o one_o of_o they_o namely_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n be_v himself_o slay_v upon_o the_o border_n of_o meth_n for_o revenge_n of_o who_o death_n the_o king_n himself_o make_v his_o second_o voyage_n into_o ireland_n in_o the_o last_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n for_o his_o first_o voyage_n in_o the_o eighteen_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n which_o be_v indeed_o a_o voyageroyall_n be_v make_v upon_o another_o motive_n and_o occasion_n which_o be_v this_o 2._o upon_o the_o vacancy_n of_o the_o empire_n this_o king_n have_v marry_v the_o king_n of_o bohemiaes_n daughter_n whereby_o he_o have_v great_a alliance_n in_o germany_n do_v by_o his_o ambassador_n solicit_v the_o prince_n elector_n to_o choose_v he_o emperor_n but_o manuscript_n another_o be_v elect_v and_o his_o ambas_fw-la sador_n return_v he_o will_v needs_o know_v of_o they_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o repulse_n in_o that_o competition_n they_o tell_v he_o plain_o that_o the_o prince_n of_o germany_n do_v not_o think_v he_o fit_a to_o command_v the_o empire_n who_o be_v neither_o able_a to_o hold_v that_o which_o his_o ancestor_n have_v gain_v in_o france_n nor_o to_o rule_v his_o inso_fw-la lent_fw-la subject_n in_o england_n nor_o to_o master_n his_o rebellious_a people_n of_o ireland_n this_o be_v enough_o to_o kindle_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o a_o young_a prince_n a_o desire_n to_o perform_v some_o great_a enterprise_n and_o therefore_o find_v it_o no_o fit_a time_n to_o attempt_n france_n he_o resolve_v to_o finish_v the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n and_o to_o that_o end_n he_o levy_v a_o mighty_a army_n consist_v of_o four_o thousand_o man_n at_o arm_n and_o 30000._o archer_n which_o be_v a_o sufficient_a power_n to_o have_v reduce_v the_o whole_a island_n if_o he_o have_v first_o break_v the_o irish_a with_o a_o war_n and_o after_o establish_v the_o english_a law_n among_o they_o and_o not_o have_v be_v satisfy_v with_o their_o light_a submission_n only_o wherewith_o in_o all_o age_n they_o have_v mock_v and_o abuse_v the_o state_n of_o england_n but_o the_o irish_a lord_n know_v this_o to_o be_v a_o sure_a policy_n to_o dissolve_v the_o force_n which_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o resist_v for_o their_o ancestor_n have_v put_v the_o same_o trick_n and_o imposture_n upon_o king_n john_n and_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o assoon_o as_o the_o king_n be_v arrive_v with_o his_o army_n which_o he_o bring_v over_o under_o s._n edward_n banner_n who_o name_n be_v have_v in_o great_a veneration_n among_o the_o irish_a they_o all_o make_v offer_v 2._o to_o submit_v themselves_o whereupon_o the_o lord_n thomas_n mowbray_n earl_n of_o nottingham_n and_o marshal_n of_o england_n be_v authorize_v by_o special_a commission_n westmon_n to_o receive_v the_o homage_v &_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n of_o all_o the_o irishrie_n of_o leinster_n and_o the_o king_n himself_o have_v receive_v humble_a letter_n from_o oneale_n wherein_o he_o style_v himself_o prince_n of_o the_o irishry_n in_o ulster_n and_o yet_o acknoledge_v the_o king_n to_o be_v his_o sovereign_a lord_n &_o perpetuus_fw-la dominus_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la remove_v to_o droghedab_n to_o accept_v the_o like_a submission_n from_o the_o irish_a of_o ulster_n the_o man_n of_o leinster_n namely_o mac_n murrogh_n o_o byrne_n o_o moor_n o_o murrogh_n o_o nolan_n and_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o kinshelaghe_n in_o a_o humble_a and_o solemn_a manner_n do_v their_o homage_v &_o make_v their_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n to_o the_o earl_n martial_n lay_v aside_o their_o girdle_n their_o skein_n and_o their_o cap_n and_o fall_v down_o at_o his_o foot_n upon_o their_o knee_n which_o when_o they_o have_v perform_v the_o earl_n give_v unto_o each_o of_o they_o osculum_fw-la pacis_fw-la beside_o they_o be_v bind_v by_o feveral_a indenture_n upon_o great_a pain_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o apostolic_a chamber_n not_o only_o to_o continue_v loyal_a subject_n but_o that_o by_o a_o certain_a day_n prefix_v they_o and_o all_o their_o sword_n man_n shall_v clear_o relinquish_v and_o give_v up_o unto_o the_o king_n and_o his_o successor_n all_o their_o land_n and_o possession_n which_o they_o hold_v in_o leinster_n and_o take_v with_o they_o only_o their_o mooveable_a good_n shall_v serve_v he_o in_o his_o war_n against_o his_o other_o rebel_n in_o consideration_n whereof_o the_o king_n shall_v give_v they_o pay_v &_o pension_n during_o their_o life_n and_o bestow_v the_o inheritance_n of_o all_o such_o land_n upon_o they_o as_o they_o shall_v recover_v from_o the_o rebel_n in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o thereupon_o a_o pension_n of_o eighty_o mark_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la be_v grant_v to_o art'mac_n murrogh_n chief_a of_o the_o kavanaghe_n the_o enroulement_n whereof_o i_o find_v in_o the_o white_a book_n of_o the_o exchequer_n here_o and_o this_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o service_n perform_v by_o the_o earl_n martial_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o commission_n the_o king_n in_o like_a manner_n receive_v the_o submission_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o ulster_n namely_o o_o neal_n o_o hanlon_n mac_n donel_n
pretend_v that_o he_o be_v a_o most_o able_a and_o willing_a person_n to_o perform_v service_n there_o because_o he_o have_v a_o great_a inheritance_n of_o his_o own_o in_o ireland_n namely_o the_o earledom_n of_o ulster_n and_o the_o lordship_n of_o conaght_n &_o meth_n by_o descent_n from_o lionel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n we_o do_v not_o find_v that_o this_o great_a lord_n come_v over_o with_o any_o number_n of_o wage_v soldier_n but_o it_o appear_v upon_o what_o good_a term_n he_o take_v that_o government_n by_o the_o covenant_n between_o the_o king_n and_o he_o which_o be_v record_v and_o confirm_v by_o act_n of_o dublin_n parliament_n in_o ireland_n and_o be_v to_o this_o effect_n 1._o that_o he_o shall_v be_v the_o king_n lieutenant_n of_o ireland_n for_o ten_o year_n 2._o that_o to_o support_v the_o charge_n of_o that_o country_n he_o shall_v receive_v all_o the_o king_n revennewe_n there_o both_o certain_a and_o casual_a without_o account_n 3._o that_o he_o shall_v be_v supply_v also_o with_o treasure_n out_o of_o england_n in_o this_o manner_n he_o shall_v have_v four_o thousand_o mark_n for_o the_o first_o year_n whereof_o he_o shall_v be_v impre_v 2000_o li._n before_o hand_n and_o for_o the_o other_o nine_o year_n he_o shall_v receive_v 2000_o li._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la 4._o that_o he_o may_v let_v to_o farm_n the_o king_n land_n and_o place_n and_o displace_v all_o officer_n at_o his_o pleasure_n 5._o that_o he_o may_v levy_v and_o wage_v what_o number_n of_o man_n he_o think_v fit_a 6._o that_o he_o may_v make_v a_o deputy_n and_o return_v at_o his_o pleasure_n we_o can_v presume_v that_o this_o prince_n keep_v any_o great_a army_n on_o foot_n aswell_o because_o his_o mean_n out_o of_o england_n be_v so_o mean_v and_o those_o ill_n pay_v as_o appear_v by_o his_o passionate_a letter_n write_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o salisbury_n his_o brother_n in_o law_n the_o copy_n whereof_o be_v register_v in_o the_o story_n of_o this_o time_n as_o also_o 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pound_n land_n be_v charge_v with_o the_o furnish_n and_o maintenance_n of_o one_o archer_n on_o horseback_n 20._o beside_o the_o native_a subject_n of_o ireland_n see_v the_o kingdom_n utter_o ruin_v do_v pass_v in_o such_o number_n into_o england_n as_o one_o law_n be_v make_v in_o england_n to_o transmit_v they_o back_o again_o and_o another_o law_n make_v here_o to_o stop_v their_o passage_n in_o every_o port_n &_o creek_n finglas_n yet_o afterward_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n of_o meth_n pass_v over_o into_o england_n and_o be_v slay_v with_o he_o at_o wakefield_n in_o yorkshire_n last_o the_o state_n of_o england_n be_v so_o far_o from_o send_v a_o army_n to_o subdue_v the_o irish_a at_o this_o time_n as_o among_o the_o article_n of_o greevance_n exhibit_v 6._o by_o the_o duke_n of_o york_n against_o k._n henry_n the_o sixth_o this_o be_v one_o that_o diverse_a lord_n about_o the_o king_n have_v cause_v his_o highness_n to_o write_v letter_n unto_o some_o of_o his_o irish_a enemy_n whereby_o they_o be_v encourage_v to_o attempt_v the_o conquest_n of_o the_o say_v land_n which_o letter_n the_o same_o irish_a enemy_n have_v send_v unto_o the_o duke_n marvel_v great_o that_o such_o letter_n shall_v be_v send_v unto_o they_o &_o speak_v therein_o great_a shame_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n after_o this_o when_o this_o great_a lord_n be_v return_v into_o england_n and_o make_v claim_n to_o the_o crown_n begin_v the_o war_n betwixt_o the_o two_o house_n it_o can_v be_v conceive_v but_o that_o the_o kingdom_n fall_v into_o a_o worse_a and_o weak_a estate_n when_o edward_n the_o four_o be_v settle_v 4_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n 4_o he_o make_v his_o brother_n george_n du._n of_o clarence_n lieutenant_z of_o ireland_n this_o prince_n be_v bear_v in_o the_o castle_n of_o dublin_n during_o the_o government_n of_o his_o father_n the_o duke_n of_o york_n yet_o do_v he_o never_o pass_v over_o into_o this_o kingdom_n to_o govern_v it_o in_o person_n though_o he_o hold_v the_o lieutenancie_n many_o year_n but_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o do_v not_o pay_v any_o army_n in_o ireland_n during_o his_o reign_n but_o the_o man_n of_o war_n do_v pay_v themselves_o by_o take_v coin_n and_o livery_n upon_o the_o country_n 4_o which_o extortion_n grow_v so_o excessive_a and_o intolerable_a as_o the_o lord_n tiptoft_n manus_fw-la be_v deputy_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o clarence_n be_v enforce_v to_o execute_v the_o law_n upon_o the_o great_a earl_n in_o the_o kingdom_n namely_o desmond_n who_o lose_v his_o head_n at_o drogheda_n for_o this_o offence_n howbeit_o that_o the_o state_n may_v ireland_n not_o seem_v utter_o to_o neglect_v the_o defence_n of_o the_o pale_a there_o be_v a_o fraternity_n of_o man_n at_o arm_n call_v the_o brotherhood_n of_o s._n george_n erect_v by_o parliament_n the_o 14._o of_o edward_n the_o four_o dublin_n consist_v of_o thirteen_o the_o most_o noble_a and_o worthy_a person_n within_o the_o four_o shire_n of_o the_o first_o foundation_n be_v thomas_n earl_n of_o kildare_n sir_n rowland_n eustace_n lord_n of_o portl_a and_o sir_n robert_n eustace_n for_o the_o county_n of_o kildare_n robert_n lord_n of_o howth_n the_o mayor_n of_o dublin_n and_o sir_n robert_n dowdall_n for_o the_o county_n of_o dublin_n the_o viscount_n of_o gormauston_n edward_n plunket_n seneschal_n of_o meth_n alexander_n plunket_n and_o barna_n be_v barnewale_v for_o the_o county_n of_o meth_n the_o mayor_n of_o drogheda_n sir_n lawraunce_n taaffe_n and_o riehard_n bellewe_v for_o the_o county_n of_o lowtb_n these_o and_o their_o successor_n be_v to_o meet_v yearly_a upon_o s._n george_n day_n and_o to_o choose_v one_o of_o themselves_o to_o be_v captain_n of_o that_o brotherhood_n for_o the_o next_o year_n to_o come_v which_o captain_n shall_v have_v at_o his_o command_n 120._o archer_n on_o horseback_n 40._o horseman_n and_o forty_o page_n to_o suppress_v outlaw_n and_o rebel_n the_o wage_n of_o every_o archer_n shall_v be_v uj._o penny_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la &_o every_o horseman_n v_o d._n per_fw-la diem_fw-la and_o four_o mark_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o to_o pay_v these_o entertainment_n and_o to_o maintain_v this_o new_a fraternity_n there_o be_v grant_v unto_o they_o by_o the_o same_o act_n of_o parliament_n a_o subsidy_n of_o pondage_n out_o of_o all_o marchandize_v export_v or_o import_v throughout_o the_o realm_n hide_n and_o the_o good_n of_o freeman_n of_o dublin_n &_o drogheda_n only_o except_v these_o 200._o man_n be_v all_o the_o stand_a force_n that_o be_v then_o maintain_v in_o ireland_n and_o as_o they_o be_v native_n of_o the_o kingdom_n so_o the_o kingdom_n itself_o do_v pay_v their_o wage_n without_o expect_v any_o treasure_n out_o of_o england_n but_o now_o the_o war_n of_o lancaster_n and_o 7._o york_n be_v end_v and_o henry_n the_o 7._o seven_o be_v in_o the_o actual_a &_o peaceable_a possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n let_v we_o see_v if_o this_o king_n do_v send_v over_o a_o competent_a army_n to_o make_v a_o perfect_a conquest_n of_o ireland_n assure_o if_o those_o two_o i_o dolle_n or_o counterfeit_n which_o be_v set_v up_o against_o he_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n have_v not_o find_v foot_v and_o follower_n in_o this_o land_n king_n henry_n the_o seven_o have_v send_v neither_o horse_n nor_o foot_n hither_o but_o let_v the_o pale_a to_o the_o guard_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o fraternity_n of_o saint_n george_n which_o stand_v till_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o therefore_o upon_o the_o erection_n of_o the_o first_o i_o doll_n which_o be_v lambert_n the_o priest_n boy_n he_o transmit_v no_o force_n westm._n but_o send_v over_o sir_n richard_n edgecomb_n with_o commission_n to_o take_v a_o oath_n of_o
ireland_n a_o governor_n much_o fear_v of_o the_o king_n enemy_n and_o exceed_o honour_a and_o belove_v of_o the_o king_n subject_n and_o the_o instruction_n give_v by_o the_o state_n of_o ireland_n 8._o to_o john_n allen_n master_n of_o the_o roll_n employ_v into_o england_n near_o about_o the_o same_o time_n do_v declare_v as_o much_o wherein_o among_o other_o thing_n he_o be_v require_v to_o advertise_v the_o king_n that_o his_o land_n of_o ireland_n be_v so_o much_o decay_v as_o that_o the_o king_n law_n be_v not_o obey_v twenty_o mile_n in_o compass_n whereupon_o grow_v that_o byword_n use_v by_o the_o irish_a viz_o that_o they_o dwell_v by-west_n the_o law_n which_o dwell_v beyond_o the_o river_n of_o the_o barrow_n which_o be_v within_o 30._o mile_n of_o dublin_n the_o same_o be_v testify_v by_o baron_n finglas_n in_o his_o discourse_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o ireland_n which_o he_o write_v about_o the_o 20._o year_n of_o king_n henry_n 8._o and_o thus_o we_o see_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o reformation_n which_o be_v intend_v by_o sir_n edward_n poynings_n the_o next_o attempt_n of_o reformation_n 8._o be_v make_v in_o the_o 28._o year_n of_o king_n henry_n 8._o by_o the_o lord_n leonard_n grace_n who_o be_v create_v viscount_n of_o garny_n in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o hold_v a_o parliament_n wherein_o many_o excellent_a law_n be_v make_v but_o to_o prepare_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o people_n to_o obey_v these_o law_n he_o begin_v first_o with_o a_o martial_a course_n for_o be_v send_v over_o to_o suppress_v the_o rebellion_n of_o the_o giraldine_n which_o he_o perform_v in_o few_o month_n he_o afterward_o make_v a_o victorious_a circuit_n round_o about_o the_o kingdom_n beginning_n manus_fw-la in_o offaly_n against_o o_o connor_n who_o have_v aid_v the_o giralà ines_fw-la in_o their_o rebellion_n and_o from_o thence_o pass_v along_o through_o all_o the_o irish_a country_n in_o leinster_n and_o so_o into_o monster_n where_o he_o take_v pledge_n of_o the_o degenerate_a earl_n of_o desmond_n and_o thence_o into_o conaght_n and_o thence_o into_o ulster_n &_o then_o conclude_v this_o warlike_a progress_n with_o the_o battle_n of_o belahoo_n in_o the_o border_n of_o meth_n as_o be_v before_o remember_v 8._o the_o principal_a sept_n of_o the_o irishry_n be_v all_o terrify_a and_o most_o of_o they_o break_v in_o this_o journey_n many_o of_o their_o chief_a lord_n upon_o this_o deputy_n return_n come_v to_o dublin_n and_o make_v their_o submission_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n namely_o the_o o_o neales_n &_o o_o rely_v of_o ulster_n mac_n murrogh_n o_o birne_n and_o o_o carrol_n of_o leinster_n and_o the_o bourks_n of_o conaght_n this_o preparation_n be_v make_v he_o first_o propound_v and_o pass_v in_o parliament_n these_o law_n which_o make_v the_o great_a alteration_n in_o the_o state_n ecclesiastical_a namely_o the_o act_n which_o declare_v king_n henry_n the_o eight_o to_o be_v supreme_a head_n of_o the_o church_n of_o ireland_n the_o act_n probibit_v apeale_v to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n the_o act_n for_o first_o fruit_n and_o twenty_o part_n to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n the_o act_n for_o faculty_n and_o dispensation_n and_o last_o the_o act_n that_o do_v utter_o abolish_v the_o usurp_a authority_n of_o the_o pope_n next_o for_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o king_n revennew_n by_o one_o act_n he_o suppress_v sundry_a abbey_n and_o religious_a house_n and_o by_o another_o act_n resume_v the_o land_n of_o the_o absentee_n as_o be_v before_o remember_v and_o for_o the_o civil_a government_n a_o special_a statute_n be_v make_v to_o abolish_v the_o black-rent_n and_o tribute_n exact_v by_o the_o irish_a upon_o the_o english_a colony_n and_o another_o law_n enact_v that_o the_o english_a apparel_n language_n &_o manner_n of_o live_v shall_v be_v use_v by_o all_o such_o as_o will_v acknowledge_v themselves_o the_o king_n subject_n this_o parliament_n be_v end_v the_o lord_n leonard_n grace_n be_v sudden_o revoke_v and_o put_v to_o death_n in_o england_n so_o as_o he_o live_v not_o to_o finish_v the_o work_n of_o reformation_n which_o he_o have_v begin_v which_o notwithstanding_o be_v well_o pursue_v by_o his_o successor_n saint-leger_n sir_n anthony_n saint-leger_n unto_o who_o all_o the_o lord_n and_o chiefetanes_n of_o the_o irishry_n and_o of_o the_o degenerate_a english_a throughout_o the_o kingdom_n make_v their_o several_a submission_n by_o indenture_n irish._n which_o be_v the_o four_o general_a submission_n of_o the_o irish_a make_v since_o the_o first_o attempt_n of_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n whereof_o the_o first_o be_v make_v to_o king_n henry_n 2._o the_o second_o to_o k._n john_n the_o three_o to_o k._n richard_n 2._o and_o his_o last_o to_o sir_n anthony_n saint-leger_n in_o 33._o of_o hen._n 8._o in_o these_o indenture_n of_o submission_n all_o 8_o the_o irish_a lord_n do_v acknowledge_v k._n henry_n the_o eight_o to_o be_v their_o sovereign_a lord_n and_o king_n and_o desire_v to_o be_v accept_v of_o he_o as_o subject_n they_o confess_v the_o king_n supremacy_n in_o all_o cause_n &_o do_v utter_o renounce_v the_o pope_n jurisdiction_n which_o i_o conceive_v to_o be_v worth_a the_o note_n because_o when_o the_o irish_a have_v once_o resolve_v to_o obey_v the_o king_n they_o pope_n make_v no_o scruple_n to_o renounce_v the_o pope_n and_o this_o be_v not_o only_o do_v by_o the_o mere_a irish_a but_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o degenerate_a english_a family_n do_v perform_v the_o same_o as_o desmond_n barry_n and_o roche_n in_o monster_n and_o the_o bourkes_n which_o bear_v the_o title_n of_o mac_n william_n in_o conaght_n these_o submission_n be_v thus_o take_v the_o lord_n deputy_n and_o counsel_n for_o the_o present_a government_n of_o those_o irish_a country_n make_v certain_a ordinance_n of_o state_n not_o agreeable_a altogether_o with_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v express_v in_o the_o preamble_n of_o those_o ordinance_n 8._o quia_fw-la nondum_fw-la sic_fw-la sapiunt_fw-la leges_fw-la &_o jura_n ut_fw-la secundum_fw-la ea_fw-la iam_fw-la immediatè_fw-la vivere_fw-la &_o regipossint_fw-la the_o chief_a point_n or_o article_n of_o which_o order_n register_v in_o the_o counsel_n book_n be_v these_o that_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o shall_v be_v accept_v repute_a and_o name_v king_n of_o ireland_n by_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o kingdom_n that_o all_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n shall_v be_v permit_v to_o exercise_v their_o jurisdiction_n in_o every_o diocese_n throughout_o the_o land_n that_o tithe_n shall_v be_v due_o set_v out_o and_o pay_v that_o child_n shall_v not_o be_v admit_v to_o benefice_n that_o for_o every_o manslaughter_n and_o theft_n above_o 14_o d_o commit_v in_o the_o irish_a country_n the_o offender_n shall_v pay_v a_o fine_a of_o 40._o li._n twenty_o pound_n to_o the_o king_n and_o 20._o li._n to_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o country_n and_o for_o every_o theft_n under_o 14._o d._n a_o fine_a of_o five_o mark_n shall_v be_v pay_v 46._o s._n viij_o d_o to_o the_o captain_n and_o 20._o s._n to_o the_o tanister_n that_o horseman_n and_o kearn_n shall_v not_o be_v impose_v upon_o the_o common_a people_n to_o beef_v and_o maintain_v by_o they_o that_o the_o master_n shall_v answer_v for_o his_o servant_n and_o the_o father_n for_o his_o child_n that_o cuttinge_n shall_v not_o be_v make_v by_o the_o lord_n upon_o his_o tenant_n to_o maintain_v war_n with_o his_o neighbour_n but_o only_o to_o bear_v his_o necessary_a expense_n etc._n etc._n these_o ordinance_n of_o state_n be_v make_v and_o publish_v there_o be_v nominate_v and_o appoint_v in_o every_o province_n certain_a orderer_n or_o arbitrater_n who_o instead_o of_o these_o irish_a erehons_n shall_v hear_v and_o determine_v all_o their_o controversy_n in_o conaght_n the_o archbishop_n of_o tuam_fw-la the_o bishop_n of_o clonfert_n captain_n wakeley_o and_o captain_n ouington_n in_o munster_n the_o bishop_n of_o waterford_n the_o bishop_n of_o cork_n and_o rosse_n the_o mayor_n of_o cork_n and_o mayor_n of_o yough-hall_n in_o ulster_n the_o archbishop_n of_o ardmagh_n &_o the_o lord_n of_o lowth_n and_o if_o any_o difference_n do_v arise_v which_o they_o can_v not_o end_v either_o for_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o cause_n or_o for_o the_o obstinacy_n of_o the_o party_n they_o be_v to_o certify_v the_o lord_n deputy_n and_o counsel_n who_o will_v decide_v the_o matter_n by_o their_o authority_n hereupon_o the_o irish_a captain_n of_o lesser_a territory_n which_o have_v ever_o be_v oppress_v by_o the_o great_a &_o mighty_a some_o with_o rise_n out_o other_o with_o bonaght_n and_o other_o with_o cut_n and_o spend_n at_o pleasure_n do_v appeal_v for_o justice_n to_o the_o lord_n deputy_n who_o upon_o hear_v their_o complaint_n do_v always_o order_n that_o they_o shall_v all_o immediate_o depend_v upon_o the_o king_n and_o