of_o tailzie_n name_v be_v find_v to_o give_v interest_n to_o that_o person_n as_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n to_o declare_v that_o the_o sum_n be_v unwarrantable_o uplift_v or_o pay_v without_o his_o consent_n or_o order_n of_o law_n by_o consign_v it_o to_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o same_o term_n and_o that_o though_o he_o be_v heir_n of_o tailzie_n to_o the_o uplifter_n that_o he_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o fulfil_v his_o deed_n or_o warrant_v his_o discharge_n be_v contrair_a to_o the_o term_n of_o the_o tailzie_n as_o to_o which_o term_n he_o be_v creditor_n reserve_v always_o to_o lawful_a creditor_n how_o far_o they_o can_v affect_v the_o sum_n for_o the_o fiar_n debt_n february_n 3._o 1674._o drummond_n contra_fw-la drummond_n and_o a_o clause_n in_o a_o bond_n whereby_o a_o woman_n oblige_v herself_o to_o resign_v land_n in_o favour_n of_o herself_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o her_o body_n whilk_n fail_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o her_o father_n and_o obliege_v herself_o to_o do_v nothing_o contrary_a to_o that_o succession_n whereupon_o inhibition_n be_v use_v before_o her_o marriage_n be_v find_v effectual_a against_o she_o and_o her_o husband_n who_o she_o marry_v thereafter_o and_o dispone_v the_o land_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n asbeing_n a_o voluntary_a deed_n without_o a_o equivalent_a cause_n onerous_a albeit_o the_o father_n heir_n behove_v to_o be_v the_o woman_n heir_n of_o tailzie_n january_n 28._o 1668._o alexander_n binnie_n contra_fw-la margaret_n binnie_n yet_o these_o restrict_a clause_n without_o irritancy_n though_o conceive_v as_o provision_n or_o condition_n if_o they_o be_v not_o in_o the_o investiture_n albeit_o they_o be_v in_o prior_n obligation_n disposition_n or_o contract_n there_o be_v no_o pretence_n thence_o to_o affect_v the_o fee_n as_o a_o real_a burden_n and_o even_o though_o they_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o investiture_n see_v clause_n irritant_fw-la use_n to_o be_v add_v thereto_o they_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v but_o personal_a obliegement_n whereupon_o no_o diligence_n have_v follow_v they_o can_v be_v effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n whether_o by_o legal_a or_o voluntary_a disposition_n and_o as_o to_o such_o restriction_n with_o clause_n irritant_fw-la we_o shall_v add_v no_o more_o thereunto_o than_o what_o have_v be_v say_v property_n be_v thus_o constitute_v by_o infeftment_n it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v what_o be_v the_o particular_n it_o comprehend_v and_o imply_v though_o not_o express_v wherein_o this_o be_v a_o general_a rule_n that_o land_n be_v dispone_v with_o part_n and_o pertinent_a all_o be_v carry_v thereby_o that_o fall_v under_o the_o denomination_n of_o the_o land_n dispone_v a_o caelum_fw-la ad_fw-la centrum_fw-la and_o all_o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o disposition_n be_v accustom_v to_o follow_v it_o not_o only_o as_o servitude_n but_o even_o discontiguous_a parcel_n of_o land_n which_o be_v not_o know_v as_o distincta_fw-la tenementa_fw-la or_o part_n of_o any_o other_o tenement_n except_o what_o the_o law_n reserve_v or_o the_o express_a provision_n of_o the_o superior_a 60._o the_o law_n reserve_v all_o these_o thing_n which_o be_v call_v regalia_z or_o jura_n publica_fw-la which_o the_o law_n appropriate_v to_o prince_n and_o state_n and_o exemp_v from_o private_a use_n unless_o the_o same_o be_v express_o grant_v and_o dispone_v by_o the_o king_n and_o if_o the_o superior_a be_v a_o subject_a if_o he_o have_v any_o of_o these_o regalia_z from_o the_o king_n they_o remain_v with_o his_o superiority_n unless_o he_o express_o dispone_v they_o to_o his_o vassal_n the_o superior_a may_v have_v they_o from_o the_o king_n either_o express_o in_o any_o tenement_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n or_o tacit_o when_o land_n be_v erect_v by_o the_o king_n to_o he_o in_o a_o barony_n or_o any_o high_a dignity_n whereby_o many_o of_o these_o regalia_z be_v comprehend_v barronia_n be_v nomen_fw-la universitatis_fw-la yet_o that_o will_v not_o comprehend_v first_o mine_n and_o mineral_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n or_o lead_v of_o that_o fineness_n that_o three_o half-penny_n of_o silver_n may_v be_v fine_v out_o of_o the_o pound_n of_o lead_n which_o mine_n be_v declare_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n wherever_o they_o can_v be_v find_v par._n 1424._o cap._n 12._o but_o mine_n of_o iron_n copper_n and_o lead_n of_o less_o fineness_n belong_v to_o the_o proprietar_n and_o be_v not_o account_v with_o we_o regalia_z though_o in_o some_o other_o country_n they_o be_v second_o neither_o do_v treasure_n find_v in_o the_o ground_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n vassal_n though_o their_o land_n be_v erect_v in_o barony_n unless_o they_o be_v express_v a_o treasure_n be_v money_n hide_v in_o the_o ground_n the_o owner_n whereof_o be_v not_o know_v three_o though_o all_o proprietar_n have_v the_o privilege_n of_o fowl_v within_o their_o own_o ground_n yet_o swan_n be_v peculiar_o reserve_v to_o the_o king_n and_o therefore_o the_o privilege_n to_o kill_v swan_n be_v not_o carry_v under_o the_o name_n of_o barony_n unless_o they_o be_v particular_o express_v four_o confiscate_v good_n be_v not_o carry_v even_o under_o the_o name_n of_o barony_n unless_o they_o be_v express_v 61._o yet_o there_o be_v other_z regalia_z which_o be_v carry_v under_o the_o name_n of_o barony_n though_o not_o express_v as_o jurisdiction_n and_o court_n fortalices_n salmond_n fish_v forest_n and_o hunt_v of_o deer_n and_o port_n with_o their_o petty_a custom_n establish_v by_o the_o king_n grant_v or_o long_a possession_n for_o repair_v and_o uphold_v these_o port_n which_o therein_o differ_v from_o creik_n or_o station_n which_o be_v natural_a but_o port_n be_v build_v artificial_o and_o need_v reparation_n 62._o jurisdiction_n and_o court_n be_v comprehend_v in_o barony_n in_o so_o far_o as_o concern_v civil_a jurisdiction_n and_o bloodwit_n or_o lesser_a crime_n but_o will_v not_o reach_v to_o capital_a punishment_n unless_o the_o same_o be_v express_v as_o it_o use_v to_o be_v when_o the_o privilege_n of_o pit_n and_o gallow_n be_v express_v or_o out-sang_a and_o in-sang_a thief_n which_o seem_v to_o extend_v to_o the_o punish_v of_o no_o more_o crime_n but_o theft_n and_o these_o who_o have_v only_o in-sang_a theft_n can_v only_o punish_v thief_n take_v in_o the_o fact_n though_o court_n be_v express_v they_o will_v extend_v to_o nothing_o criminal_a no_o not_o to_o bloodwit_n unless_o these_o be_v express_v but_o only_o to_o civil_a debate_n requisite_a for_o the_o propriatar_n as_o to_o determine_v difference_n among_o his_o tenant_n neighbourhead_n multar_n and_o small_a matter_n or_o to_o constitute_v a_o bailie_n who_o may_v judge_v betwixt_o the_o propriatar_n and_o his_o tenant_n as_o to_o his_o rent_n duty_n and_o service_n and_o also_o may_v determine_v difference_n among_o his_o tenant_n but_o all_o jurisdiction_n be_v cumulative_a with_o and_o not_o exclusive_a of_o the_o superior_n jurisdiction_n so_o that_o there_o be_v place_n of_o prevention_n the_o first_o atatcher_n if_o he_o proceed_v be_v prefer_v and_o if_o the_o superior_a and_o vassall_n atatch_v together_o the_o superior_a be_v prefer_v 63._o the_o court_n of_o vassal_n though_o they_o be_v baron_n and_o have_v the_o privilege_n of_o capital_a punishment_n be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o extent_n and_o importance_n as_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o judge_n ordinary_a of_o the_o kingdom_n such_o as_o sheriff_n stewart_n bailiff_n of_o royalty_n regality_n and_o burgh_n for_o first_o the_o extent_n of_o their_o jurisdiction_n be_v not_o so_o ample_a second_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o all_o baron_n and_o free_a holder_n be_v of_o old_a subordinat_a to_o the_o sheriff_n and_o other_o judge_n ordinary_a within_o who_o jurisdiction_n the_o land_n lay_v par._n 1503._o cap._n 95._o and_o then_o there_o be_v place_n for_o false_v of_o doom_n or_o appeal_v to_o the_o sheriff-court_n who_o be_v to_o warn_v the_o party_n upon_o fifteen_o day_n and_o make_v the_o suitor_n of_o the_o sheriffdom_n ward_n thereupon_o whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o freeholders_n of_o the_o king_n who_o owe_v suit_n to_o the_o sheriff-court_n at_o least_o a_o inquest_n of_o they_o be_v to_o concur_v with_o the_o sheriff_n in_o discuss_v the_o appeal_n from_o the_o baron_n or_o freeholder_n but_o now_o these_o appeal_n or_o false_v of_o doom_n from_o any_o court_n to_o another_o have_v be_v antiquate_v and_o whole_o in_o desuetude_n since_o the_o introduction_n of_o advocati_fw-la once_o which_o be_v a_o far_o more_o excellent_a remeed_n for_o thereby_o cause_n be_v not_o stop_v at_o the_o choice_n or_o humour_n of_o party_n but_o the_o reason_n of_o advocation_n be_v special_o consider_v by_o the_o lord_n whether_o they_o be_v relevant_a and_o have_v such_o instruction_n as_o can_v be_v expect_v before_o discuss_v and_o the_o subject_n be_v further_o secure_v by_o the_o late_a act_n of_o parliament_n that_o poind_v can_v proceed_v without_o a_o charge_n
needs_o only_o take_v infeftment_n of_o the_o great_a interest_n 18._o the_o first_o and_o most_o common_a casuality_n of_o superiority_n be_v nonentry_n whereby_o the_o fee_n be_v void_a and_o no_o infeftment_n renew_v thereof_o through_o the_o vassal_n neglect_v be_v capable_a of_o entry_n thereto_o the_o profit_v thereof_o belong_v to_o the_o superior_a by_o the_o common_a feudal_n custom_n there_o be_v not_o only_o a_o investiture_n requisite_a at_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o fee_n but_o it_o behove_v to_o be_v renew_v either_o at_o the_o change_n of_o the_o vassal_n or_o at_o the_o change_n of_o the_o superior_a guidilinus_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la nov_fw-mi pars_fw-la 2._o cap._n 6._o zoesius_fw-la de_fw-la feudis_fw-la cap._n 12._o but_o our_o custom_n require_v no_o infeftment_n at_o the_o change_n of_o the_o superior_a but_o only_o at_o the_o change_n of_o the_o vassal_n for_o we_o require_v no_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n but_o fidelity_n itself_o be_v import_v due_a without_o a_o oath_n but_o elsewhere_o that_o oath_n be_v require_v and_o be_v personal_a it_o ought_v to_o be_v renew_v both_o at_o the_o change_n of_o the_o vassal_n and_o of_o the_o superior_a but_o with_o we_o there_o be_v no_o fee_n without_o infeftment_n nulla_fw-la sasina_fw-la nusla_fw-la terra_fw-la therefore_o the_o vassal_n must_v have_v the_o infeftment_n renew_v the_o renovation_n of_o infeftment_n to_o heir_n in_o france_n and_o england_n be_v not_o requisite_a but_o 〈◊〉_d sasit_fw-la 〈◊〉_d as_o they_o express_v it_o by_o which_o a_o special_a retour_fw-fr perfect_v the_o heir_n right_a in_o his_o fee_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o ease_n which_o be_v not_o consonant_a to_o the_o common_a feudal_n custom_n whereby_o if_o the_o vassal_n within_o year_n and_o day_n after_o his_o predecessor_n death_n require_v not_o to_o be_v enter_v by_o his_o superior_a and_o offer_v his_o fidelity_n he_o forefault_n his_o fee_n l._n 2._o feudorum_fw-la tit_n 24._o which_o severity_n we_o use_v not_o for_o the_o vassal_n lose_v not_o his_o fee_n by_o nonentry_n nor_o the_o whole_a fruit_n of_o it_o during_o that_o time_n but_o our_o custom_n be_v such_o if_o by_o any_o mean_v the_o fee_n be_v void_a the_o vassal_n right_o cease_v during_o that_o time_n and_o the_o fee_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o superior_a and_o therefore_o in_o retour_n to_o that_o article_n of_o the_o brieve_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o land_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o such_o a_o man_n superior_a and_o though_o the_o infeftment_n of_o the_o predecessor_n against_o other_o than_o the_o superior_a be_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v the_o right_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o vassal_n as_o to_o his_o superior_a it_o have_v no_o effect_n at_o all_o after_o special_a declarator_n till_o the_o vassal_n enter_v the_o fee_n may_v be_v thus_o void_a first_o by_o the_o minority_n of_o the_o heir_n whereby_o he_o can_v enter_v by_o reason_n of_o ward_n but_o this_o be_v express_v by_o the_o name_n of_o ward_n and_o nonentry_n though_o it_o may_v signify_v the_o fee_n be_v void_a whether_o necessary_o or_o voluntary_o yet_o it_o be_v appropriate_a to_o the_o latter_a and_o contra_fw-la distinguish_v to_o ward_n the_o fee_n become_v void_a by_o the_o voluntary_a outly_v of_o the_o vassal_n heir_n or_o by_o the_o vassal_n resignation_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o superior_a for_o new_a infeftment_n to_o be_v give_v to_o himself_o or_o to_o any_o other_o for_o till_o that_o infeftment_n be_v take_v the_o fee_n be_v also_o in_o nonentry_n for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o resignation_n put_v the_o fee_n in_o the_o superior_n hand_n upon_o who_o there_o be_v a_o obligement_n to_o renew_v the_o infeftment_n to_o the_o person_n in_o who_o favour_n the_o resignation_n be_v grant_v upon_o which_o he_o may_v be_v compel_v by_o a_o personal_a action_n so_o to_o do_v and_o which_o be_v carry_v to_o that_o person_n heir_n by_o a_o general_a service_n as_o other_o personal_a heritable_a right_n or_o disposition_n 19_o or_o by_o the_o reduction_n or_o nullity_n of_o the_o infeftment_n or_o retour_fw-fr of_o any_o person_n former_o infeft_v which_o be_v more_o rigorous_a than_o the_o rest_n see_v the_o vassal_n have_v thereby_o a_o colourable_a title_n and_o be_v bonae_fw-la fidei_fw-la possessor_n see_v reduction_n use_v not_o to_o be_v draw_v back_o adpraeterita_fw-la so_o reduction_n of_o retour_n be_v sustain_v at_o the_o superior_n instance_n to_o give_v he_o the_o benefit_n of_o nonentry_n july_n 12._o 1625._o lord_n cathcart_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o kerse_n februany_n last_o 1628._o earl_n of_o nithisdail_n contra_fw-la westraw_n and_o therefore_o it_o must_v be_v consider_v what_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n will_v import_v if_o nonentry_n have_v its_o rise_n from_o ingratitude_n or_o a_o penalty_n with_o we_o by_o the_o negligence_n of_o the_o vassal_n it_o can_v hardly_o take_v place_n in_o this_o case_n for_o unless_o such_o infeftment_n have_v proceed_v upon_o the_o fraud_n or_o gross_a ignorance_n of_o the_o vassal_n himself_o it_o can_v not_o be_v call_v voluntary_a nonentry_n which_o stand_v upon_o some_o informality_n unknown_a to_o the_o vassal_n or_o his_o predecessor_n but_o see_v the_o ground_n of_o this_o nonentry_n be_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o right_n which_o can_v consist_v without_o infeftment_n therefore_o by_o such_o nullity_n it_o must_v follow_v that_o while_o there_o be_v no_o infeftment_n or_o a_o nats_n infeftment_n the_o vassal_n have_v no_o interest_n neither_o will_v there_o be_v hazard_n of_o rigour_n because_o it_o can_v but_o extend_v to_o the_o retoured_a duty_n and_o be_v eleided_a by_o all_o the_o way_n that_o other_o non-entry_n be_v and_o special_o by_o the_o superior_n homologation_n of_o the_o infeftment_n if_o the_o nullity_n be_v in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o superior_a as_o when_o land_n be_v retour_v to_o less_o retour_fw-fr mail_n than_o the_o due_a or_o feu-duty_n or_o other_o duty_n in_o the_o reddenda_fw-la be_v diminish_v for_o it_o be_v not_o rare_a that_o that_o which_o be_v null_a as_o to_o some_o person_n and_o case_n may_v be_v valid_a as_o to_o other_o from_o these_o nullity_n be_v injury_n to_o the_o superior_a nonentry_n will_v follow_v if_o there_o be_v no_o valid_a seasine_n then_o nonentry_n will_v take_v place_n though_o charter_n and_o precept_n be_v grant_v voluntary_o see_v seasine_n be_v not_o take_v thereupon_o 20._o nonentry_n take_v place_n whenever_o the_o fee_n be_v void_a whether_o it_o be_v hold_v ward_n blanch_n or_o feu_n but_o that_o which_o be_v hold_v in_o burgage_n or_o be_v mortify_v require_v no_o renovation_n of_o the_o infeftment_n because_o society_n and_o incorporation_n die_v not_o which_o be_v extend_v to_o the_o particular_a tenement_n within_o burgh_n hold_v burgage_n which_o be_v thereby_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o burgh_n give_v the_o infeftment_n as_o his_o baily_n 21._o the_o effect_n of_o nonentry_n be_v attain_v by_o a_o declarator_n of_o nonentry_n the_o style_n whereof_o bear_v that_o the_o tenement_n be_v void_a by_o the_o death_n of_o such_o a_o person_n who_o die_v last_o infeft_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v so_o declare_v and_o that_o the_o fruit_n and_o profit_n thereof_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o superior_a by_o reason_n of_o nonentry_n yet_o because_o the_o case_n of_o the_o vassal_n be_v favourable_a decreet_a be_v only_o grant_v declare_v the_o nonentry_n and_o find_v only_o the_o feu-duty_n due_a in_o land_n hold_v feu_n july_n 19_o 1631._o earl_n of_o kinghorn_n contra_fw-la george_n strang_n or_o the_o retoured_a male_n in_o land_n hold_v ward_n or_o blansh_a which_o have_v any_o such_o retour_fw-fr or_o otherways_o the_o whole_a duty_n of_o the_o fee_n be_v carry_v the_o reason_n hereof_o be_v because_o feve_n be_v location_n and_o the_o feu-duty_n be_v the_o rent_n or_o pension_n and_o therefore_o in_o favorabilibus_fw-la that_o be_v interpret_v to_o be_v the_o rent_n so_o likewise_o in_o other_o land_n the_o retour_fw-fr be_v a_o valuation_n of_o the_o land_n as_o they_o be_v worth_a and_o pay_v at_o that_o time_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v call_v the_o old_a extent_n and_o it_o be_v express_v by_o merk-land_n or_o pound-land_n the_o other_o be_v the_o new_a retour_fw-fr which_o though_o it_o be_v different_a in_o divers_a shire_n yet_o be_v once_o a_o rent_n in_o this_o favourable_a case_n the_o general_a declarator_n reach_v no_o further_o yea_o though_o there_o be_v no_o retour_fw-fr of_o the_o particular_a parcel_n of_o land_n in_o question_n yet_o if_o there_o be_v a_o retour_fw-fr of_o the_o tenement_n or_o barony_n whereof_o it_o be_v a_o part_n that_o common_a retour_fw-fr will_n be_v divide_v according_a to_o the_o present_a rent_n and_o a_o proportion_n thereof_o state_v upon_o this_o parcel_n as_o its_o retour_fw-fr as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o former_a case_n earl_n of_o kinghorn_n
act_n either_o without_o the_o possessor_n consent_n or_o by_o their_o tolerance_n or_o tradition_n and_o delivery_n or_o by_o forsake_v or_o relinquish_a they_o so_o that_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o possession_n of_o movable_n there_o be_v little_a controversy_n 12._o second_o possession_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v also_o clear_a in_o many_o case_n as_o first_o in_o habitation_n whether_o in_o cave_n tent_n or_o proper_a house_n next_o in_o garden_n enclosure_n and_o all_o plantation_n three_o in_o field_n by_o pasturage_n or_o tillage_n in_o so_o far_o as_o the_o act_n extend_v so_o far_o these_o all_o be_v most_o natural_a possession_n but_o after_o that_o most_o ancient_a simplicity_n right_n and_o the_o way_n of_o acquire_v thereof_o be_v multiply_v and_o therefore_o possession_n can_v not_o be_v entire_a but_o behove_v to_o be_v divide_v among_o the_o several_a interest_n than_o do_v the_o difficulty_n arise_v as_o when_o one_o have_v the_o property_n a_o second_o the_o fruit_n a_o three_o the_o use_n a_o four_o the_o servitude_n in_o some_o part_v a_o five_o the_o detention_n for_o security_n a_o six_o the_o custody_n or_o location_n and_o all_o these_o exercise_v either_o by_o the_o party_n themselves_o their_o servant_n or_o child_n in_o their_o power_n and_o their_o procurator_n in_o their_o name_n yea_o and_o by_o opposite_a and_o interrupt_a act_n many_o at_o once_o pretend_v to_o the_o same_o kind_n and_o part_n of_o possession_n 13._o so_o then_o the_o three_o kind_n of_o possession_n be_v when_o the_o earth_n begin_v to_o be_v divide_v by_o limit_n and_o bound_n and_o to_o have_v common_a denomination_n than_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v attain_v by_o exercise_v possessory_a act_n upon_o a_o part_n as_o he_o who_o possess_v a_o field_n need_v not_o go_v about_o it_o or_o touch_v every_o turf_n of_o it_o by_o himself_o or_o his_o cattle_n but_o by_o possess_v a_o part_n unless_o there_o be_v contrary_a possessory_a acts._n so_o possession_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o land_n contain_v in_o one_o tenement_n be_v find_v sufficient_a to_o validat_n a_o base_a infeftment_n as_o to_o the_o whole_a and_o to_o exclude_v a_o posterior_n public_a infeftment_n for_o remove_v the_o tenant_n from_o a_o part_n of_o the_o tenement_n though_o the_o base_a infeftment_n have_v possession_n several_a year_n and_o have_v attain_v or_o pursue_v for_o no_o possession_n of_o these_o tenement_n spot_n remove_n hunter_n contra_fw-la hardie_n observe_v by_o dury_n january_n 14._o 1630._o the_o like_a of_o possession_n of_o a_o tack_v of_o a_o part_n of_o teind_n in_o a_o tack_v find_v sufficient_a to_o validat_n the_o tack_v as_o to_o the_o whole_a spot_n 1._o possessione_n lady_n merchistoun_n contra_fw-la wrights-house_n 14._o possession_n civil_a be_v extend_v to_o uplift_v of_o mail_n and_o duty_n which_o be_v sufficient_a to_o introduce_v and_o preserve_v property_n though_o the_o pasturage_n and_o tillage_n and_o all_o other_o natural_a deed_n of_o possession_n be_v in_o other_o who_o be_v proper_o call_v possessor_n who_o hold_v and_o possess_v for_o themselves_o in_o so_o far_o as_o concern_v the_o excresce_fw-it of_o the_o profit_n above_o the_o rent_n as_o to_o which_o they_o possess_v in_o name_n of_o their_o master_n and_o therefore_o this_o possession_n be_v partly_o naturral_a to_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o partly_o civil_a by_o their_o tenant_n 15._o five_o possession_n be_v attain_v symbolical_o where_o there_o be_v not_o use_v of_o the_o whole_a or_o a_o part_n but_o only_o of_o a_o symbol_n or_o token_n and_o this_o be_v when_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v possess_v be_v present_a as_o the_o civil_a possession_n by_o infeftment_n by_o delivery_n of_o earth_n and_o stone_n upon_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o land_n or_o by_o delivery_n of_o a_o parcel_n of_o corn_n for_o a_o stack_n or_o field_n of_o corn_n or_o some_o of_o a_o herd_n or_o flock_n for_o the_o whole_a flock_n be_v present_a in_o which_o the_o symbol_n be_v also_o part_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v possess_v have_v some_o affinity_n to_o natural_a possession_n six_o civil_a possession_n be_v by_o a_o token_n or_o symbol_n which_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v possess_v but_o be_v a_o token_n to_o represent_v it_o as_o either_o have_v some_o resemblance_n with_o it_o as_o the_o delivery_n of_o a_o copy_n or_o scroll_n for_o a_o office_n or_o a_o penny_n for_o a_o annualrent_a or_o otherways_o have_v no_o resemblance_n but_o be_v a_o token_n mere_o suppositious_a to_o represent_v it_o as_o delivery_n of_o a_o batton_n in_o resignation_n or_o delivery_n of_o a_o thing_n buy_v or_o sell_v by_o a_o wisp_n of_o straw_n which_o ordinary_o be_v in_o absence_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v possess_v 16._o seven_o possession_n be_v attain_v or_o retain_v without_o symbol_n and_o without_o interposition_n of_o any_o person_n in_o our_o power_n or_o procurator_n but_o only_o by_o conjunction_n of_o interest_n so_o when_o the_o property_n of_o land_n be_v grant_v to_o one_o and_o the_o usufruct_v or_o liferent_a to_o another_o or_o when_o the_o liferent_a be_v reserve_v the_o possesssion_n of_o the_o liferenter_fw-la be_v hold_v to_o be_v the_o possession_n of_o the_o fire_n as_o to_o all_o other_o three_o party_n and_o right_n and_o a_o husband_n possession_n of_o land_n by_o himself_o or_o any_o derive_v right_o from_o he_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v the_o wife_n possession_n by_o her_o liferent_a infeftment_n the_o several_a kind_n and_o degree_n of_o possession_n be_v thus_o lay_v open_a it_o will_v be_v more_o easy_a to_o takeup_v the_o common_a notion_n and_o nature_n of_o it_o and_o it_o may_v be_v thus_o describe_v 17._o possession_n be_v the_o hold_v or_o detain_v of_o any_o thing_n by_o ourselves_o or_o other_o for_o our_o use_n it_o be_v not_o every_o hold_v or_o detain_v which_o make_v possession_n for_o so_o depositar_n detain_v but_o because_o it_o be_v not_o for_o their_o use_n they_o do_v not_o possess_v to_o possession_n there_o must_v be_v a_o act_n of_o the_o body_n which_o be_v detention_n and_o hold_v and_o a_o act_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o be_v the_o inclination_n or_o affection_n to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o thing_n detain_v which_o be_v of_o the_o mind_n be_v not_o so_o easy_o perceivable_a as_o that_o of_o the_o body_n but_o it_o be_v presume_v whensoever_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o detainer_n may_v be_v to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o thing_n but_o where_o it_o may_v be_v wrong_a or_o hurtful_a it_o be_v not_o presume_v as_o he_o who_o take_v another_o man_n horse_n by_o the_o head_n or_o keep_v that_o which_o be_v waith_n or_o take_v in_o his_o hand_n the_o money_n or_o good_n of_o another_o which_o if_o it_o be_v to_o make_v use_n of_o it_o will_v infer_v theft_n and_o therefore_o such_o detention_n be_v not_o presume_v to_o be_v possession_n he_o also_o who_o detain_v or_o hold_v a_o thing_n not_o at_o all_o for_o his_o own_o use_n but_o for_o another_o who_o do_v detain_v by_o he_o as_o by_o his_o servant_n or_o procurator_n do_v not_o possess_v but_o otherways_o if_o he_o have_v no_o warrant_n from_o another_o but_o only_o intend_v or_o be_v oblige_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v to_o the_o behoof_n of_o another_o in_o that_o case_n he_o be_v possessor_n because_o the_o real_a right_o be_v in_o he_o and_o there_o be_v upon_o he_o only_o a_o obligation_n to_o make_v it_o forthcoming_a to_o another_o and_o they_o who_o possess_v partly_o for_o themselves_o and_o partly_o for_o other_o as_o tenant_n have_v possession_n in_o part_n 18._o to_o come_v now_o to_o the_o requisite_n for_o enter_v and_o begin_v possession_n there_o must_v be_v both_o the_o detention_n of_o the_o body_n and_o the_o detention_n of_o the_o mind_n for_o use_v for_o neither_o of_o the_o two_o alone_o can_v begin_v possession_n corporal_a possession_n alone_o can_v neither_o begin_v it_o nor_o continue_v it_o and_o if_o any_o act_n of_o the_o mind_n be_v enough_o possession_n will_v be_v very_o large_a and_o but_o imaginary_a but_o the_o manner_n of_o this_o seizure_n of_o possession_n to_o begin_v it_o be_v very_o diverse_a by_o all_o the_o several_a way_n which_o be_v before_o set_v forth_o 19_o possession_n be_v once_o begin_v be_v continue_v not_o only_o by_o reiteration_n of_o possessory_a act_n but_o even_o by_o the_o mind_n only_o though_o there_o be_v no_o outward_a act_n exerce_v and_o the_o mind_n and_o affection_n to_o continue_v possession_n be_v always_o presume_v unless_o the_o contrary_n appear_v so_o that_o if_o the_o thing_n once_o possess_v be_v void_a as_o to_o outward_a act_n yet_o it_o be_v hold_v possess_v by_o the_o mind_n and_o any_o contrary_a act_n of_o other_o enter_v to_o that_o possession_n be_v unwarrantable_a and_o intrusion_n for_o as_o have_v be_v
solemnity_n requisite_a in_o infeftment_n there_o use_v to_o be_v many_o clause_n insert_v therein_o all_o which_o we_o can_v follow_v but_o shall_v insist_v in_o the_o most_o ordinar_n and_o and_o important_a these_o be_v union_n erection_n warrandice_n reservation_n provision_n condition_n and_o clause_n irritant_fw-la 44._o union_n be_v the_o conjunction_n or_o incorporation_n of_o land_n or_o tenement_n lie_v discontigue_n or_o several_a kind_n unto_o one_o tenement_n that_o one_o seasine_a may_v suffice_v for_o they_o all_o in_o which_o there_o be_v sometime_o express_v a_o special_a place_n where_o seasine_n shall_v be_v take_v and_o when_o that_o be_v not_o seasine_n upon_o any_o part_n be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o whole_a land_n lie_v contiguous_a be_v natural_o unite_v and_o needs_o no_o union_n so_o that_o seasine_n take_v upon_o any_o of_o they_o extend_v to_o the_o whole_a but_o where_o they_o lie_v discontiguous_a other_o tenement_n be_v interject_v there_o must_v be_v seasine_n take_v upon_o every_o discontiguous_a tenement_n which_o must_v be_v all_o particular_o so_o express_v in_o the_o instrument_n of_o season_n whereof_o one_o will_v serve_v for_o all_o the_o tenement_n or_o otherways_o when_o they_o be_v tenement_n of_o several_a kind_n as_o land_n milns_n fortalices_n and_o fish_n all_o which_o be_v several_a kind_n of_o tenement_n and_o require_v several_a seasine_n and_o pass_v by_o several_a symbol_n or_o token_n as_o land_n by_o earth_n and_o stone_n milns_n by_o the_o clap_n fortalices_n by_o the_o entry_n at_o the_o gate_n and_o enclose_v the_o person_n possess_v and_o exclude_v the_o grant_a of_o the_o possession_n solemn_o conform_v to_o the_o charter_n or_o precept_n union_n can_v be_v constitute_v original_o by_o no_o other_o than_o the_o sovereign_a authority_n concede_v the_o same_o january_n 16._o 1623._o mr._n hendry_n aikin_n contra_fw-la greenlaw_n or_o confirm_v the_o same_o january_n 16._o 1623._o aikin_n contra_fw-la stuart_n and_o therefore_o union_n be_v constitute_v by_o a_o subject_a not_o have_v the_o same_o from_o the_o king_n be_v find_v null_a by_o exception_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o possessor_n though_o pretend_v no_o right_n december_n 16._o 1628._o lady_n borthwick_n contra_fw-la scot_n of_o goldylands_n and_o when_o there_o be_v a_o place_n for_o the_o seasine_a of_o the_o union_n a_o seasine_a take_v elsewhere_o reach_v none_o of_o the_o land_n lie_v discontigue_n march_v 19_o 1636._o lady_n dunipace_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o but_o if_o the_o land_n unite_v by_o the_o king_n be_v dispone_v whole_o together_o by_o the_o vassal_n to_o other_o subaltern_o infeft_v the_o union_n stand_v valid_a july_n 12._o 1626._o stuart_n and_o dowglas_n contra_fw-la cranstoun_n home_n repeat_v jan._n 5._o 1627._o which_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n ought_v to_o be_v extend_v to_o subaltern_n infeftment_n of_o a_o annualrent_a of_o a_o barony_n or_o unite_a tenement_n which_o be_v find_v to_o extend_v to_o a_o miln_n and_o to_o land_n lie_v discontigue_n though_o not_o take_v in_o the_o place_n design_v in_o the_o union_n spot_n executor_n lady_n ednem_fw-la contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o ednem_fw-la 45._o erection_n be_v when_o land_n be_v not_o only_o unite_v in_o one_o tenement_n but_o be_v erect_v into_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o barony_n which_o comprehend_v lordship_n earldom_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o be_v more_o noble_a title_n of_o a_o barony_n have_v the_o like_a seudal_a effect_n and_o whensoever_o the_o tenement_n be_v grant_v as_o a_o barony_n union_n be_v comprehend_v as_o the_o lesser_a degree_n though_o not_o express_v and_o therefore_o one_o seasine_n carry_v the_o whole_a barony_n and_o all_o milns_n and_o fortalices_n thereupon_o and_o fish_v adjacent_a thereto_o erection_n can_v be_v only_o grant_v by_o the_o sovereign_a authority_n and_o be_v not_o communicable_a by_o the_o subaltern_n infeftment_n though_o the_o union_n employ_v therein_o may_v be_v communicate_v erection_n be_v find_v to_o be_v instruct_v by_o the_o king_n confirmation_n of_o a_o charter_n design_v the_o land_n a_o barony_n though_o it_o be_v not_o a_o barony_n before_o but_o the_o half_a of_o a_o barony_n wherein_o the_o baron_n infeft_v his_o son_n in_o libera_n baronia_n which_o infeftment_n be_v confirm_v by_o the_o king_n do_v constitute_v it_o a_o full_a barony_n whereby_o a_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n take_v upon_o a_o part_n of_o the_o land_n affect_v the_o whole_a november_n 16._o 1630._o laird_n of_o clackmanan_n contra_fw-la alardice_n erection_n of_o kirklands_n in_o temporal_a barony_n or_o lordship_n whereby_o the_o lord_n of_o erection_n be_v interject_v betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o fevar_n be_v prohibit_v par._n 1592._o cap._n 119._o and_o par._n 1594._o cap._n 195._o for_o all_o these_o land_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n par._n 1587._o cap._n 29._o and_o par._n 1633._o cap._n 10._o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v evident_a that_o such_o erection_n be_v prejudicial_a both_o to_o the_o king_n who_o lose_v his_o casualty_n of_o the_o fevar_n and_o to_o the_o people_n who_o must_v accept_v another_o superior_a in_o stead_n of_o the_o king_n and_o though_o they_o have_v former_o but_o subject_n to_o their_o superior_n yet_o churchman_n be_v much_o more_o easy_a than_o secular_a person_n as_o require_v little_a service_n and_o be_v ashamed_a to_o demand_v rigorous_a rate_n but_o any_o man_n may_v obtain_v the_o land_n he_o have_v in_o property_n hold_v mediate_o of_o the_o king_n which_o be_v kirk-land_n erect_v in_o any_o dignity_n the_o king_n please_v to_o grant_v there_o be_v many_o exception_n in_o the_o act_n of_o annexation_n of_o the_o temporality_n of_o kirk-land_n and_o in_o the_o act_n against_o erection_n by_o which_o the_o kirk-land_n except_v be_v valid_o erect_v and_o all_o the_o erection_n be_v so_o far_o allow_v as_o to_o give_v the_o lord_n of_o erection_n right_n to_o the_o feu-duty_n or_o fruit_n of_o the_o property_n of_o kirk-land_n feve_v till_o they_o be_v redeem_v by_o payment_n of_o ten_o per_fw-la cent_n and_o the_o infeftment_n grant_v to_o the_o vassal_n medio_fw-la tempore_fw-la be_v valid_a but_o the_o casualty_n ought_v still_o to_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n it_o have_v be_v sometime_o question_v whether_o the_o union_n and_o erection_n of_o land_n be_v dissolve_v and_o lose_v by_o a_o infeftment_n of_o a_o part_n thereof_o from_o the_o vassal_n hold_v of_o the_o superior_a by_o resignation_n or_o confirmation_n craig_n l._n 2._o dieges_fw-fr 7._o be_v for_o the_o affirmative_a confirm_v by_o the_o resemblance_n of_o a_o sheaf_n of_o arrow_n bind_v with_o one_o ligament_n for_o if_o one_o arrow_n be_v pull_v out_o all_o become_v louse_n and_o so_o the_o union_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v dissolve_v unless_o the_o superior_a give_v the_o new_a infeftment_n but_o prejudice_n of_o the_o rest_n but_o though_o such_o case_n frequent_o occur_v whereby_o infeftment_n of_o discontiguous_a land_n will_v only_o be_v valid_a as_o to_o the_o contiguous_a land_n upon_o which_o they_o be_v take_v yet_o in_o no_o competition_n or_o other_o process_n have_v it_o be_v observe_v by_o any_o to_o be_v draw_v in_o question_n or_o decide_v so_o that_o we_o have_v ever_o rest_v in_o the_o negative_a and_o the_o consequence_n from_o that_o resemblance_n be_v not_o sufficient_a but_o on_o the_o contrary_a he_o who_o unite_v many_o discontiguous_a land_n unite_v every_o part_n of_o they_o to_o every_o part_n so_o that_o the_o take_v off_o of_o one_o part_n dissolve_v only_o itself_o the_o rest_n remain_v unite_v but_o union_n or_o erection_n do_v not_o change_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o land_n unite_v as_o to_o the_o shire_n and_o bailziry_n where_o they_o natural_o lie_v vide_fw-la tit._n confiscatione_n §_o horning_n barony_n and_o unite_a tenement_n when_o they_o be_v original_o grant_v aught_o to_o express_v the_o several_a tenement_n according_a to_o their_o proper_a designation_n and_o so_o express_o unite_v they_o but_o when_o these_o be_v acknowledge_v to_o have_v be_v barony_n or_o otherways_o unite_v or_o be_v name_v or_o defign_v as_o such_o by_o these_o who_o have_v power_n to_o unite_n than_o the_o common_a name_n of_o the_o unite_a barony_n or_o tenement_n be_v sufficient_a to_o carry_v all_o that_o be_v hold_v and_o repute_n as_o part_v and_o pertinent_o thereof_o which_o be_v extend_v to_o land_n as_o part_n of_o a_o common_a designation_n though_o some_o particular_n be_v name_v and_o the_o land_n in_o question_n have_v also_o proper_a name_n and_o be_v express_v in_o the_o ancient_a infeftment_n the_o right_a in_o question_n be_v a_o apprize_a march_v 23._o 1622._o gallowsheils_n contra_fw-la lord_n borthwick_n union_n and_o erection_n be_v as_o quality_n of_o the_o real_a right_n and_o pass_v unto_o singular_a successor_n as_o be_v before_o express_v 46._o warrandice_n be_v either_o real_a when_o infeftment_n be_v give_v of_o one_o tenement_n in_o security_n of_o
superior_n must_v be_v call_v 73._o all_o other_o interest_n of_o fee_n be_v carry_v as_o part_v and_o pertinent_a though_o they_o be_v not_o express_v and_o albeit_o wood_n and_o loch_n use_v oft_o to_o be_v express_v yet_o they_o be_v comprehend_v under_o part_n and_o pertinent_o and_o therefore_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n have_v not_o only_o right_a to_o the_o water_n in_o loch_n but_o to_o the_o ground_n thereof_o and_o may_v drain_n the_o same_o unless_o servitude_n be_v fix_v to_o water-gangs_a of_o milns_n or_o other_o work_n and_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o loch_n and_o all_o that_o be_v upon_o it_o or_o under_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o fee_n but_o if_o the_o loch_n be_v not_o whole_o within_o the_o fee_n but_o partly_o within_o or_o adjacent_a to_o the_o fee_n of_o another_o then_o unless_o the_o loch_n be_v express_v it_o will_v be_v divide_v among_o the_o fiars_n who_o land_n front_v thereupon_o the_o part_n of_o fee_n be_v only_o express_v in_o bound_a charter_n but_o in_o all_o other_o the_o part_n be_v only_o know_v by_o the_o common_a reputation_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n what_o they_o comprehend_v under_o the_o designation_n express_v in_o the_o infeftment_n and_o by_o possession_n as_o part_v and_o pertinent_a of_o the_o land_n design_v in_o the_o infeftment_n whether_o they_o have_v but_o one_o common_a designation_n as_o such_o a_o barony_n or_o tenement_n or_o if_o there_o be_v a_o enumeration_n of_o their_o part_n by_o distinct_a name_n which_o do_v not_o exclude_v other_o part_n though_o belong_v to_o none_o of_o the_o part_n enumerat_a there_o be_v only_o this_o difference_n that_o express_a infeftment_n be_v preferable_a to_o these_o which_o allege_v but_o part_n and_o pertinent_a much_o more_o if_o it_o be_v allege_v to_o be_v separatum_fw-la tenementum_fw-la require_v a_o distinct_a infeftment_n and_o yet_o prescription_n as_o part_v and_o pertinent_a will_v exclude_v a_o infeftment_n as_o a_o separate_a tenement_n but_o where_o there_o be_v march-stone_n set_v it_o be_v a_o great_a convenience_n to_o preserve_v peaceable_a possession_n and_o though_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v when_o these_o march_n be_v set_v yet_o their_o be_v repute_n as_o march-stone_n will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o defend_v at_o any_o time_n within_o prescription_n but_o land_n be_v ofttimes_o so_o large_a comprehend_v mure_n and_o mountain_n that_o march-stone_n can_v be_v set_v for_o remeid_v whereof_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n by_o a_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la 1580._o ratify_v in_o par._n 1587._o cap._n 42._o ordain_v all_o molestation_n in_o property_n or_o commontie_z in_o possessorso_fw-it to_o be_v before_o sheriff_n baily_n of_o regality_n and_o other_o inferior_a ordinar_n judge_n where_o the_o land_n lie_v and_o for_o that_o effect_n the_o lord_n will_v direct_v letter_n of_o cognition_n to_o proceed_v upon_o fifteen_o day_n warn_v by_o a_o inquest_n of_o person_n who_o best_o know_v the_o matter_n the_o most_o part_n thereof_o be_v landed-man_n have_v at_o least_o four_o plough_n of_o land_n or_o three_o hundred_o mark_n of_o irredeemable_a rent_n and_o the_o rest_n substantious_a famous_a zeamans_n of_o the_o same_o paroch_n and_o fail_v thereof_o of_o the_o paroch_n near_a adjacent_a and_o if_o both_o party_n have_v cognition_n raise_v before_o litiscontestation_n on_o either_o the_o half_a of_o the_o assyzer_n shall_v be_v take_v of_o these_o summon_v for_o either_o party_n or_o in_o case_n there_o be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o they_o habile_fw-la the_o judge_n shall_v supply_v the_o same_o and_o the_o odd_a man_n to_o be_v choose_v by_o lot_n which_o inquest_n shall_v visit_v the_o ground_n and_o shall_v return_v their_o verdict_n upon_o oath_n both_o upon_o the_o claim_n and_o exception_n of_o the_o party_n and_o in_o case_n the_o judge_n ordinar_n be_v suspect_v or_o that_o the_o land_n lie_v in_o divers_a jurisdiction_n the_o lord_n be_v to_o appoint_v unsuspect_v judge_n to_o be_v pass_v under_o the_o quarter_n seal_v there_o be_v only_o except_v the_o action_n belong_v to_o the_o member_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n which_o be_v to_o be_v before_o the_o lord_n yet_o the_o lord_n be_v accustom_v to_o grant_v commission_n to_o some_o of_o their_o own_o number_n where_o question_n arise_v concern_v the_o part_n or_o march_n of_o tenement_n to_o visit_v the_o ground_n and_o there_o to_o receive_v witness_n hinc_fw-la inde_fw-la both_o as_o to_o possession_n and_o interruption_n which_o the_o lord_n do_v advise_v and_o determine_v without_o a_o inquest_n part_n of_o tenement_n in_o possessorio_fw-la be_v sustain_v by_o the_o present_a peaceable_a possession_n for_o some_o time_n for_o seven_o year_n peaceable_a possession_n will_v sustain_v the_o right_n of_o the_o whole_a till_o reduction_n and_o forty_o year_n possession_n as_o part_v and_o pertinent_a be_v sufficient_a in_o petitorio_fw-la for_o the_o point_n of_o right_n and_o will_v exclude_v a_o infeftment_n express_v yea_o though_o it_o be_v a_o infeftment_n as_o distinctum_fw-la tenementum_fw-la november_n 14._o 1671._o walter_z young_z contra_fw-la william_n carmichael_n but_o if_o there_o be_v interruption_n and_o that_o either_o party_n have_v have_v some_o possession_n the_o express_a infeftment_n will_v be_v preferable_a and_o any_o lawful_a interruption_n will_v preserve_v a_o infeftment_n of_o a_o separate_a tenement_n but_o if_o neither_o party_n be_v express_o infeft_v in_o the_o land_n in_o question_n interruption_n by_o either_o party_n will_v not_o exclude_v prescription_n because_o there_o be_v not_o a_o prior_n special_a right_n valid_a of_o itself_o without_o possession_n and_o therefore_o if_o both_o party_n have_v have_v mutual_a or_o promiscuous_a possession_n each_o possess_v when_o they_o can_v and_o turn_v off_o the_o other_o that_o part_n of_o the_o land_n so_o possess_v will_v continue_v as_o a_o promiscuous_a commontie_z which_o frequent_o fall_v out_o about_o the_o march_n of_o large_a tenement_n and_o be_v so_o determine_v betwixt_o the_o lord_n strathoord_n and_o sir_n thomas_n stuart_n of_o gairntully_n if_o neither_o party_n have_v a_o express_v or_o several_a infeftment_n discontiguity_n will_v not_o exclude_v part_n and_o pertinent_a though_o if_o the_o question_n be_v with_o he_o to_o who_o the_o land_n be_v contiguous_a less_o probation_n will_v prefer_v he_o craig_n l._n 2._o dieges_fw-fr 3._o relate_v a_o case_n in_o his_o time_n betwixt_o the_o earl_n of_o angus_n and_o hoom_n of_o polwart_n where_o discontiguity_n do_v not_o exclude_v part_n and_o pertinent_a not_o be_v know_v as_o a_o distinct_a tenement_n pertinent_o comprehend_v all_o the_o natural_a fruit_n for_o corn_n be_v account_v as_o movable_a and_o as_o no_o part_n of_o the_o ground_n as_o have_v be_v show_v in_o the_o former_a title_n section_n second_o and_o also_o all_o servitude_n so_o a_o servitude_n of_o a_o pasturage_n in_o another_o heretors_n wood_n be_v sustain_v as_o a_o pertinent_a by_o long_a possession_n spot_n servitude_n laird_n of_o knockdolian_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o partick_n and_o part_n and_o pertinent_a be_v express_v in_o a_o minute_n of_o sale_n it_o be_v find_v to_o carry_v common_a pasturage_n in_o a_o mure_n which_o be_v a_o commontie_z to_o a_o barony_n whereof_o the_o land_n sell_v be_v a_o part_n february_n 14._o 1668._o william_n borthwick_n contra_fw-la lord_n borthwick_n and_o in_o the_o case_n betwixt_o the_o laird_n of_o hain_v and_o town_n of_o selkirk_n decide_v february_n 15._o 1668._o a_o barony_n of_o the_o king_n cum_fw-la pertinentibus_fw-la &_o cum_fw-la pascuis_fw-la &_o pasturis_fw-la be_v find_v to_o carry_v common_a pasturage_n in_o the_o mure_n of_o the_o barony_n and_o that_o the_o last_o forty_o year_n possession_n do_v presume_v the_o like_a possession_n in_o the_o fevar_n from_o the_o obtain_n their_o feve_n and_o that_o interruption_n by_o the_o town_n who_o infeftment_n be_v but_o general_a cum_fw-la communiis_fw-la do_v not_o exclude_v the_o pasturage_n of_o the_o fever_n who_o have_v also_o make_v interruption_n against_o the_o town_n 74._o craig_n l._n 2._o dieges_fw-fr 8._o debate_n this_o question_n whether_o wood_n and_o coal_n be_v part_n of_o the_o ground_n or_o only_o pertinent_a as_o fruit_n thereof_o for_o if_o these_o be_v part_n of_o the_o ground_n conjunct-feers_a or_o liferenter_n will_v have_v no_o share_n thereof_o nor_o donatar_n of_o ward_n nonentry_n or_o liferent-escheat_n so_o that_o the_o question_n be_v very_o important_a wherein_o he_o relate_v two_o decision_n one_o betwixt_o the_o lord_n seatoun_n and_o his_o mother_n who_o be_v serve_v to_o a_o terce_n be_v find_v to_o have_v right_a to_o the_o three_o of_o a_o coal-work_n constant_o go_v for_o sale_n in_o the_o defunct_n time_n and_o another_o betwixt_o ramsay_n of_o dalhousie_n and_o mary_n ballantine_n his_o predecessor_n relict_n in_o relation_n to_o a_o wood_n which_o the_o fire_n be_v find_v to_o have_v the_o only_a right_o to_o sell_v and_o
till_o when_o he_o please_v or_o open_v the_o ground_n for_o other_o effect_n of_o property_n as_o to_o win_v coal_n or_o stone_n unless_o by_o consent_n or_o custom_n it_o be_v otherways_o regular_a but_o so_o far_o as_o remain_v grass_n belong_v whole_o to_o the_o other_o but_o most_o ordinary_o pasturage_n be_v in_o common_a either_o to_o the_o proprietar_n and_o he_o that_o have_v the_o servitude_n or_o to_o many_o have_v acquire_v the_o servitnde_n promiscuous_o though_o with_o exclusion_n of_o the_o proprietar_n from_o grassing_n and_o that_o again_o be_v either_o for_o a_o indefinite_a number_n of_o sum_n or_o definit_o for_o a_o certain_a number_n express_v common_a pasturage_n be_v ordinary_o constitute_v by_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o dominant_a ground_n express_v the_o clause_n with_o common_a pasturage_n which_o when_o general_a have_v no_o other_o effect_n then_o the_o common_a clause_n of_o charter_n to_o give_v the_o right_n of_o any_o pasturage_n belong_v to_o the_o fee_n if_o any_o be_v but_o if_o it_o be_v clad_v with_o immemorial_n or_o forty_o year_n possession_n by_o the_o act_n of_o prescription_n it_o carry_v unquestionable_o the_o right_n of_o pasturage_n upon_o any_o ground_n belong_v to_o the_o superior_a and_o upon_o which_o he_o may_v the_o time_n of_o the_o charter_n have_v constitute_v a_o pasturage_n yet_o it_o be_v more_o dubious_a whether_o long_a possession_n can_v introduce_v pasturage_n upon_o ground_n not_o belong_v to_o the_o superior_a grant_a of_o the_o charter_n and_o it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o it_o have_v be_v so_o constitute_v yea_o though_o the_o clause_n of_o common_a pasturage_n be_v not_o in_o the_o charter_n but_o only_o the_o land_n dispone_v with_o part_n and_o pertinent_o with_o long_a possession_n spot_n servitude_n knockdolian_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o partick_n the_o like_a be_v former_o find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o town_n of_o pearth_n anent_o the_o isle_n of_o sleiple_n pasturage_n may_v also_o be_v constitute_v by_o a_o contract_n clad_v with_o possession_n without_o any_o seasine_a which_o be_v effectual_a even_o against_o singular_a successor_n jan._n 26._o 1622._o turnbul_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o blanernie_n pasturage_n be_v constitute_v in_o reference_n to_o the_o dominant_a ground_n though_o it_o be_v indefinite_a and_o promiscuous_a must_v be_v regulate_v and_o proportionat_v according_a to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o several_a dominant_a ground_n have_v right_a thereto_o proportional_a to_o the_o rent_n thereof_o or_o the_o good_n it_o may_v hold_v and_o fodder_n in_o winter_n thus_o a_o comontie_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v visit_v and_o soumed_a and_o proportionat_a to_o every_o room_n have_v privilege_n therein_o nicol._n de_fw-fr communi_fw-la the_o laird_n of_o sessnock_n contra_fw-la nimnto_fw-la absent_a and_o though_o the_o pasturage_n have_v be_v never_o so_o long_o promiscuous_o use_v without_o any_o determinat_fw-la soum_n but_o that_o all_o have_v put_v to_o it_o what_o they_o please_v that_o can_v by_o constitute_v by_o prescription_n as_o a_o right_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o very_a nature_n and_o substance_n of_o the_o servitude_n whereby_o the_o pasturage_n will_v be_v destroy_v and_o unprofitable_a to_o all_o if_o not_o regulable_a and_o restrainable_a to_o what_o it_o may_v hold_v and_o that_o by_o proportion_n for_o though_o some_o have_v be_v in_o use_n to_o put_v more_o good_n and_o some_o few_o yet_o unless_o the_o quantity_n have_v be_v determinat_fw-la and_o fix_v other_o can_v not_o be_v exclude_v from_o their_o proportion_n but_o such_o as_o by_o forty_o year_n forbearance_n be_v whole_o exclude_v it_o be_v accustom_v in_o some_o place_n to_o regulate_v common_a pasturage_n by_o soum_v and_o roum_v which_o be_v the_o determine_n of_o the_o several_a soum_n it_o may_v hold_v by_o particular_a proportion_n to_o every_o room_n of_o the_o dominant_a tenement_n but_o none_o of_o the_o party_n interress_v can_v compel_v the_o rest_n to_o divide_v see_v it_o will_v be_v frequent_o to_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o several_n of_o the_o party_n interress_v as_o when_o common_a pasturage_n be_v in_o a_o common_a muire_n enclose_v with_o a_o dyke_n and_o so_o need_v none_o at_o least_o but_o one_o herd_n for_o they_o all_o which_o if_o it_o be_v divide_v of_o time_n the_o several_a proportion_n of_o most_o interress_v can_v not_o be_v worth_a a_o several_a hird_n especial_o when_o the_o property_n remain_v in_o another_o though_o burden_v with_o this_o servitude_n even_o though_o the_o proprietar_n retain_v a_o share_n in_o the_o common_a pasturage_n yet_o he_o alone_o be_v proprietar_n and_o if_o any_o stone_n or_o coal_n be_v find_v there_o it_o will_v belong_v to_o he_o alone_o but_o it_o be_v otherways_o in_o the_o community_n of_o the_o full_a property_n where_o after_o division_n any_o party_n may_v till_o and_o use_v all_o act_n of_o property_n a_o servitude_n of_o pasturage_n of_o a_o definite_a number_n of_o sheep_n upon_o large_a muir_n be_v find_v not_o to_o give_v interest_n to_o cause_v the_o heretor_fw-la or_o tenants_n soum_n the_o same_o that_o the_o ground_n may_v not_o be_v overflock_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o servitude_n january_n 23._o 1679._o mr._n alexander_n dunlop_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o drumelzier_n where_o pasturage_n be_v constitute_v upon_o ground_n a_o part_n of_o which_o have_v be_v plough_v before_o the_o constitution_n it_o do_v not_o hinder_v the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n to_o blow_n other_o place_n than_o what_o be_v former_o plough_v but_o he_o may_v plough_v as_o much_o as_o he_o please_v yet_o so_o that_o whenever_o the_o plough_v ground_n lie_v lee_n the_o pasturage_n will_v reach_v the_o same_o jan._n 20._o 1680._o earl_n of_o southesk_n contra_fw-la melgam_fw-la and_o other_o heretor_n about_o munrew-mount_a 15._o the_o chief_a and_o most_o frequent_a servitude_n in_o scotland_n be_v thirlage_n or_o a_o restriction_n of_o land_n to_o milns_n wherein_o the_o miln_n be_v dominant_a and_o the_o land_n astrict_v be_v seruient_fw-fr for_o as_o have_v be_v show_v before_o a_o miln_n be_v a_o distinct_a tenement_n from_o land_n and_o be_v not_o comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n of_o part_n and_o pertinent_a thereof_o unless_o there_o be_v a_o erection_n in_o barony_n lordship_n etc._n etc._n milns_n at_o first_o be_v build_v as_o sometime_o they_o be_v yet_o without_o any_o astriction_n or_o thirlage_n but_o only_o to_o gain_v by_o the_o work_n thereof_o a_o equivalent_a hire_n and_o so_o it_o be_v a_o voluntary_a personal_a contract_n of_o location_n and_o conduction_n none_o be_v oblige_v to_o grind_v their_o grain_n thereat_o but_o such_o only_o come_v as_o please_v and_o for_o such_o hire_n as_o party_n do_v accord_v yet_o these_o who_o come_v to_o a_o miln_n without_o astriction_n and_o without_o express_a paction_n be_v understand_v thereby_o to_o agree_v to_o the_o ordinary_a multure_n of_o corn_n not_o astrict_v which_o be_v call_v outen-town-multures_a but_o now_o most_o land_n be_v astrict_v to_o certain_a milns_n and_o for_o a_o certain_a quantity_n of_o multure_n far_o beyond_o the_o value_n of_o the_o work_n or_o grind_n of_o the_o corn_n but_o upon_o other_o consideration_n whereby_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n astrict_v as_o when_o a_o heretor_fw-la astrict_v his_o own_o tenant_n to_o his_o own_o or_o another_o miln_n it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o their_o rent_n for_o the_o more_o multure_n they_o pay_v they_o pay_v the_o less_o rent_n and_o so_o it_o be_v alike_o to_o they_o whether_o it_o be_v great_a or_o small_a or_o otherways_o when_o a_o superior_a give_v out_o land_n upon_o condition_n of_o thirlage_n the_o multure_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o reddendo_fw-la or_o price_n and_o it_o be_v a_o general_a rule_n that_o none_o can_v thirl_z land_n but_o he_o that_o be_v fire_n and_o have_v power_n of_o disposal_n thereof_o and_o therefore_o astriction_n though_o it_o be_v not_o favourable_a but_o have_v the_o ordinary_a odium_fw-la that_o other_o servitude_n have_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v account_v a_o unjust_a and_o intolerable_a bondage_n 16._o there_o be_v many_o question_n about_o thirlage_n which_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o two_o head_n first_o how_o thirlage_n be_v constitute_v and_o instruct_v second_o how_o far_o it_o be_v to_o be_v extend_v as_o for_o the_o first_o we_o shall_v proceed_v from_o the_o way_n more_o evident_a to_o these_o which_o be_v more_o dubious_a and_o first_o positive_o and_o then_o negative_o the_o first_o and_o most_o unquestionable_a way_n of_o constitution_n of_o thirlage_n be_v when_o a_o heretor_fw-la thirl_v his_o own_o land_n to_o his_o own_o miln_n by_o consent_n of_o his_o tenant_n whereby_o the_o multure_n become_v a_o part_n of_o the_o rent_n second_o when_o a_o heretor_fw-la dispones_fw-la his_o land_n with_o express_a condition_n of_o thirlage_n thereof_o to_o his_o miln_n or_o to_o any_o other_o
infer_v recognition_n we_o be_v not_o here_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o common_a way_n of_o extinction_n of_o infeftment_n and_o other_o right_n as_o the_o extinction_n of_o the_o subject_a matter_n prescription_n forefaulture_n homologation_n or_o acceptance_n of_o incompatible_a right_n neither_o to_o these_o way_n by_o which_o a_o infeftment_n be_v extinct_a as_o to_o one_o but_o be_v convey_v to_o another_o which_o fall_v in_o consideration_n among_o conveyance_n of_o right_n but_o of_o these_o way_n proper_a to_o extinguish_v infeftment_n and_o make_v the_o right_a toceass_n and_o to_o return_v to_o the_o superior_n and_o these_o be_v two_o either_o by_o consent_n of_o the_o vassal_n or_o by_o law_n 1._o infeftment_n be_v extinct_a by_o consent_n by_o resignation_n make_v by_o the_o vassal_n who_o stand_v infeft_v in_o the_o land_n to_o his_o superior_a ad_fw-la perpetuam_fw-la remanentiam_fw-la to_o which_o there_o be_v necessary_o require_v as_o a_o solemnity_n thereof_o a_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o nottar_n in_o the_o same_o way_n that_o their_o constitution_n be_v perfect_v by_o a_o instrument_n of_o seasine_n their_o distitution_n be_v consummate_v by_o a_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n which_o no_o other_o write_v nor_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o vassal_n of_o the_o be_v thereof_o will_v supply_v much_o less_o will_v the_o deed_n do_v otherways_o prove_v and_o as_o in_o seasine_n there_o must_v be_v a_o tradition_n or_o delivery_n of_o possession_n by_o some_o token_n or_o symbol_n as_o by_o earth_n and_o stone_n etc._n etc._n so_o in_o the_o instrument_n of_o refignation_n there_o must_v be_v a_o re-delivery_n of_o the_o possession_n by_o a_o accustom_a symbol_n which_o ordinary_o be_v by_o delivery_n of_o staff_n and_o baston_z yet_o in_o this_o they_o differ_v that_o the_o delivery_n of_o the_o seasine_n must_v be_v upon_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d natural_o or_o by_o union_n but_o the_o resignation_n may_v be_v any_o where_o and_o as_o seasine_n may_v be_v give_v either_o to_o the_o vassal_n or_o his_o procurator_n so_o may_v the_o resignation_n be_v either_o to_o the_o superior_a himself_o or_o to_o his_o commissioner_n authorize_v to_o that_o effect_n 2._o and_o though_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n use_v to_o be_v by_o procurator_n warrant_v by_o a_o procuratory_n of_o resignation_n yet_o as_o there_o may_v be_v seasine_n give_v by_o the_o superior_a propriis_fw-la manibus_fw-la so_o may_v there_o be_v resignation_n by_o the_o vassal_n 3._o but_o in_o both_o the_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n alone_o be_v not_o sufficient_a as_o be_v but_o the_o assertion_n of_o a_o nottar_n but_o they_o must_v have_v for_o their_o warrant_n a_o disposition_n or_o other_o adminicle_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v statute_n par._n 1563._o cap._n 81._o that_o where_o such_o resignation_n be_v by_o procurator_n the_o procuratory_n be_v subscribe_v by_o the_o party_n or_o nottar_n and_o if_o the_o resignation_n be_v propriis_fw-la manibus_fw-la that_o the_o instrument_n be_v so_o subscribe_v otherways_o to_o be_v null_a because_o the_o subscription_n of_o the_o instrument_n be_v in_o that_o case_n the_o only_a probation_n of_o the_o warrant_n thereof_o but_o if_o there_o be_v a_o disposition_n or_o obligement_n to_o infeft_a the_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n though_o not_o subscribe_v by_o the_o resigner_n will_v be_v sufficient_a as_o warrant_v by_o the_o disposition_n or_o obligement_n but_o seasines_n and_o resignation_n do_v former_o differ_v in_o this_o that_o seasine_n must_v be_v registrate_n within_o sixty_o day_n after_o date_n par._n 1617._o cap._n 16._o 4._o but_o so_o need_v not_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n ad_fw-la remanentiam_fw-la for_o though_o by_o that_o statute_n renunciation_n of_o wodset_n be_v to_o be_v registrat_n it_o be_v not_o extend_v to_o renunciation_n of_o irredeemable_a right_n ad_fw-la remanentiam_fw-la these_o be_v either_o omit_v by_o inadvertency_n or_o of_o purpose_n in_o the_o favour_n of_o superior_n that_o right_n may_v be_v take_v with_o their_o consent_n yet_o in_o so_o far_o that_o excellent_a statute_n be_v defective_a till_o the_o late_a act_n of_o par._n 1669._o cap._n 3._o whereby_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n be_v null_a if_o not_o registrat_n within_o sixty_o day_n by_o which_o and_o other_o to_o that_o purpose_n purchaser_n in_o scotland_n may_v better_o know_v the_o condition_n of_o these_o with_o who_o they_o contract_v about_o infeftment_n and_o be_v more_o secure_a of_o lurk_v right_n than_o any_o where_o so_o far_o as_o i_o can_v learn_v in_o the_o world_n 5._o by_o this_o resignation_n so_o make_v the_o property_n be_v consolidate_n as_o it_o be_v the_o time_n of_o the_o resignation_n and_o be_v affect_v with_o all_o real_a burden_n or_o debita_fw-la fundi_fw-la that_o valid_o affect_v it_o before_o as_o feve_n tack_n annualrent_n servitude_n for_o though_o all_o such_o burden_n as_o be_v not_o warrant_v by_o the_o superior_n consent_n or_o by_o law_n cease_v when_o the_o fee_n return_v to_o the_o superior_a either_o for_o a_o time_n by_o ward_n nonentry_n etc._n etc._n or_o for_o ever_o by_o recognition_n yet_o when_o it_o return_v thus_o by_o consent_n it_o come_v cum_fw-la svo_fw-la onere_fw-la which_o be_v very_o just_a and_o fit_a see_v else_o such_o security_n may_v easy_o be_v evacuat_a by_o voluntar_n resignation_n in_o the_o superior_n hand_n there_o be_v another_o resignation_n which_o be_v call_v in_o favorem_fw-la be_v for_o new_a infeftment_n to_o the_o resigner_n or_o some_o other_o but_o thereby_o the_o fee_n be_v not_o extinct_a but_o either_o renew_v or_o transfer_v and_o therefore_o it_o shall_v be_v consider_v hereafter_o 6._o craig_n upon_o this_o head_n very_o fit_o move_v and_o solve_v this_o question_n whether_o the_o vassal_n may_v renunce_v and_o resign_v his_o fee_n to_o the_o superior_a though_o he_o be_v unwilling_a and_o instance_n in_o two_o case_n first_o in_o a_o vassal_n hold_v a_o very_a inconsiderable_a parcel_n of_o land_n ward_n and_o do_v thereby_o become_v obnoxious_a to_o his_o superior_a for_o the_o value_n his_o tocher_n have_v relation_n to_o the_o whole_a estate_n which_o tocher_n do_v much_o exceed_v the_o worth_n of_o the_o tenement_n and_o yet_o a_o resignation_n thereof_o be_v judicial_o offer_v the_o superior_a be_v suffer_v to_o refuse_v it_o unless_o the_o value_n of_o the_o marriage_n be_v first_o pay_v the_o other_o of_o a_o burgess_n offer_v to_o renunce_v his_o burgesship_n for_o shun_v a_o great_a taxation_n put_v upon_o he_o and_o therefore_o solve_v the_o case_n upon_o the_o common_a axiom_n cuique_fw-la licet_fw-la renunciare_fw-la favori_fw-la pro_fw-la se_fw-la introducto_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o fee_n of_o its_o nature_n be_v gratuitous_a in_o favour_n of_o the_o vassal_n may_v be_v renunce_v but_o that_o will_v not_o prejudge_v the_o superior_a of_o any_o casuality_n befalling_a to_o he_o before_o the_o renunciation_n but_o will_v have_v only_a effect_n ad_fw-la futura_fw-la and_o therefore_o a_o vassal_n judicial_o disclaim_v his_o superior_a be_v not_o admit_v so_o to_o do_v to_o exclude_v the_o life-rent_a already_o fall_v march_v 26._o 1628._o john_n stewart_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o wedderburne_n no_o contract_n obligation_n or_o personal_a right_n nor_o any_o less_o than_o a_o instrument_n of_o refignation_n will_v take_v away_o infeftment_n for_o though_o these_o may_v be_v sufficient_a against_o the_o granter_n thereof_o by_o a_o personal_a objection_n whereby_o they_o can_v come_v against_o their_o own_o deed_n yet_o true_o the_o real_a right_n stand_v in_o they_o and_o they_o be_v not_o denude_v thereby_o and_o so_o a_o renunciation_n without_o the_o solemnity_n of_o a_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n will_v not_o suffice_v to_o obliterat_fw-la a_o irredeemable_a fee_n though_o it_o may_v be_v sufficient_a to_o evacuat_v any_o personal_a right_n as_o servitude_n not_o require_v infeftment_n yea_o or_o a_o liferent_a though_o constitute_v by_o infeftment_n because_o it_o be_v communicable_a to_o no_o other_o person_n by_o infeftment_n and_o therefore_o pass_v by_o assignation_n or_o resignation_n the_o reason_n hereof_o be_v because_o by_o the_o common_a custom_n of_o nation_n real_a right_n can_v pass_v by_o sole_a consent_n without_o artain_v possession_n in_o the_o way_n prescribe_v by_o law_n and_o therefore_o this_o symbolical_a possession_n which_o alone_o the_o law_n allow_v as_o sufficient_a either_o in_o the_o constitution_n or_o destitution_n of_o fee_n must_v be_v adhibite_fw-la and_o the_o real_a possession_n of_o the_o tenement_n itself_o will_v not_o suffice_v in_o either_o case_n as_o be_v before_o instance_a in_o seasine_n by_o several_a decision_n so_o a_o renunciation_n without_o a_o formal_a resignation_n be_v not_o find_v relevant_a to_o take_v away_o the_o infeftment_n renunce_v against_o a_o singular_a successor_n november_n 23._o 1627._o dumbar_n contra_fw-la wilson_n resignation_n can_v be_v effectual_a if_o the_o resigner_n be_v not_o infeft_v
though_o she_o be_v not_o praeposita_fw-la negotiis_fw-la but_o because_o she_o be_v persona_fw-la illustris_fw-la and_o her_o husband_n out_o of_o the_o country_n hope_n husband_n and_o wife_n mr._n david_n russel_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o argyle_n but_o a_o wife_n bond_n for_o necessary_a habiliment_n for_o her_o body_n find_v to_o oblige_v herself_o and_o not_o her_o husband_n executor_n and_o as_o to_o these_o she_o may_v contract_v had._n july_n 6._o 1610._o eustacius_n wise_a contra_fw-la lady_n hallyrudhouse_n this_o must_v be_v understand_v where_o the_o wife_n have_v a_o aliment_n constitute_v by_o her_o husband_n or_o other_o right_n exempt_a from_o his_o jus_fw-la mariti_fw-la and_o it_o be_v so_o late_o find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o adam_n garrn_v merchant_n contra_fw-la elizabeth_n arthur_n december_n 19_o 1667._o february_n 23._o 1672._o john_n neilson_n contra_fw-la arthur_n but_o a_o wife_n account_n of_o furniture_n to_o her_o person_n not_o be_v great_a find_v valide_fw-la against_o her_o husband_n be_v subscribe_v by_o the_o wife_n though_o she_o be_v minor_a be_v persona_fw-la illustris_fw-la february_n 20._o 1667._o andrew_n littlejohn_n contra_fw-la duke_n and_o duchess_n of_o munmouth_n this_o privilege_n of_o wife_n be_v extend_v to_o obligation_n or_o disposition_n make_v by_o the_o wife_n though_o before_o complete_n of_o the_o marriage_n be_v after_o contract_n and_o proclamation_n whereupon_o marriage_n follow_v january_n 29._o 1633._o 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la brown_n the_o like_a special_o where_o the_o proclamation_n be_v not_o only_o at_o the_o husband_n paroch_n church_n but_o the_o wife_n july_n 8._o 1623._o stewart_n contra_fw-la aitkin_n the_o like_a of_o a_o disposition_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o wife_n child_n after_o their_o contract_n and_o one_o proclamation_n july_n 5._o 1611._o fletcher_n in_o dundee_n contra_fw-la brown_n yet_o wife_n obligation_n relate_v to_o their_o delinquence_n be_v not_o void_a but_o only_o such_o as_o relate_v to_o their_o contract_n so_o a_o wife_n be_v find_v oblige_v to_o fulfil_v a_o act_n of_o a_o kirk_n session_n under_o a_o penalty_n that_o she_o shall_v forbear_v a_o other_o man_n company_n which_o be_v find_v not_o to_o affect_v her_o husband_n good_n but_o her_o own_o hope_v husband_n and_o wife_n john_n bell_n contra_fw-la executor_n of_o james_n hogg_n and_o the_o kirk_n session_n of_o st._n cuthbert_n here_o also_o be_v except_v obliegement_n relate_v to_o disposition_n of_o land_n annualrent_n or_o liferent_n of_o which_o hereafter_o 13._o as_o to_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n interest_n in_o their_o good_n by_o our_o custom_n without_o any_o voluntar_n contract_n there_o arise_v betwixt_o they_o a_o communion_n of_o all_o movable_n except_o the_o habiliment_n and_o ornament_n of_o the_o wife_n body_n which_o though_o they_o be_v superfluous_a and_o the_o husband_n insolvent_a be_v not_o arrestable_a for_o his_o debt_n the_o husband_n have_v the_o full_a and_o sole_a administration_n of_o all_o movable_a good_n belong_v or_o accress_v to_o the_o wife_n during_o the_o marriage_n and_o the_o rent_n and_o profit_n of_o heritable_a right_n as_o be_v movable_a and_o therefore_o a_o heritable_a bond_n find_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o husband_n jure_fw-la mariti_fw-la because_o he_o be_v marry_v before_o the_o term_n of_o whitsonday_n at_o which_o time_n it_o be_v payable_a june_n 15._o 1627._o nicolson_n contra_fw-la lyell_n and_o a_o sum_n be_v find_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o first_o husband_n though_o the_o term_n of_o payment_n be_v after_o his_o decease_n and_o not_o to_o the_o wife_n or_o her_o second_o husband_n also_o a_o legacy_n leave_v to_o a_o wife_n be_v find_v to_o belong_v to_o her_o husband_n hope_n legacy_n elizabeth_n brown_n contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d likewise_o a_o husband_n find_v to_o have_v right_a to_o a_o bond_n blank_a in_o the_o creditor_n name_n which_o the_o wife_n during_o the_o marriage_n put_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o three_o party_n who_o fill_v up_o his_o own_o name_n therein_o though_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n be_v voluntary_o separate_v february_n 11._o 1634._o drummond_n contra_fw-la captain_n rollo_n except_o aliment_n due_o and_o competent_o provide_v for_o the_o wife_n which_o be_v not_o arrestable_a for_o the_o husband_n debt_n november_n 29._o 1622._o thomas_n edmonstoun_n contra_fw-la christian_n kirkaldie_n and_o alexander_n barclay_n the_o like_a of_o a_o aliment_n modify_v by_o decreet_a arbitral_n betwixt_o the_o husband_n and_o a_o three_o party_n though_o the_o cause_n thereof_o be_v found_v upon_o the_o husband_n right_o march_v 27._o 1627._o westnisbit_n contra_fw-la morison_n yea_o the_o husband_n himself_o find_v to_o have_v no_o access_n to_o a_o sum_n provide_v to_o a_o wife_n by_o her_o father_n for_o her_o aliment_n july_n 4._o 1637._o tennant_n contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d this_o communion_n of_o good_n by_o our_o custom_n extend_v not_o to_o the_o wife_n right_n heritable_a as_o land_n annualrent_n heritable_a bond_n nor_o to_o liferent_n for_o as_o to_o these_o the_o wife_n may_v oblige_v herself_o personal_o in_o clause_n relative_a to_o such_o right_n as_o clause_n to_o infeft_n clause_n of_o warrandioe_n and_o clause_n of_o requisition_n of_o sum_n for_o which_o her_o land_n be_v wodset_v by_o she_o if_o the_o wife_n be_v first_o and_o principal_o bind_v with_o consent_n of_o her_o huaband_n but_o where_o the_o wife_n and_o husband_n be_v bind_v for_o infeftment_n in_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o wife_n and_o both_o bind_v in_o the_o requisition_n yet_o thereby_o the_o wife_n be_v not_o find_v oblige_v either_o for_o grant_v the_o infeftment_n or_o in_o the_o requisition_n because_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o money_n be_v not_o borrow_v for_o the_o wife_n use_n december_n 19_o 1626._o mathie_n contra_fw-la sibbald_n other_o way_n such_o obliegement_n be_v effectual_a against_o the_o wife_n the_o like_a hope_v annualrent_n agnes_n 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la james_n 〈◊〉_d where_o a_o wife_n be_v find_v liable_a to_o pay_v a_o annualrent_a dispone_v by_o she_o and_o her_o husband_n out_o of_o her_o 〈◊〉_d fee-land_n even_o during_o the_o time_n they_o be_v in_o ward_n the_o like_a of_o a_o annualrent_a dispone_v by_o a_o wife_n and_o her_o husband_n for_o which_o both_o be_v personal_o oblige_v in_o respect_n she_o lift_v the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v to_o be_v uplift_v spot_n husband_n and_o wife_n walter_n 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la margaret_n chisholm_n the_o like_a of_o a_o clause_n of_o requisition_n in_o a_o contract_n of_o wodset_n grant_v by_o the_o wife_n upon_o her_o land_n stante_fw-la matrimonia_fw-la hope_n husband_n and_o wife_n agnes_n gordon_n contra_fw-la elizabeth_n gordon_n and_o this_o be_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o these_o and_o other_o personal_a obliegement_n of_o the_o wife_n stante_fw-la matrimonio_fw-la which_o even_o though_o the_o husband_n consent_n be_v 〈◊〉_d and_o oblige_v she_o not_o yea_o a_o renunciation_n of_o a_o tenement_n by_o a_o wife_n without_o consent_n of_o her_o husband_n be_v absent_a though_o he_o ratify_v it_o at_o his_o return_n be_v find_v null_n spot_n husband_n and_o wife_n helen_n melvil_n contra_fw-la so_o that_o the_o husband_n right_o jure_fw-la mariti_fw-la to_o the_o rent_n and_o annualrent_n of_o the_o wife_n right_n which_o be_v not_o alimentary_a can_v by_o evacuate_v without_o the_o husband_n consent_n though_o the_o wife_n may_v dispose_v of_o the_o right_n itself_o to_o take_v effect_n after_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o marriage_n in_o heritable_a right_n of_o wife_n bond_n bear_v annualrent_a though_o without_o a_o clause_n of_o infeftment_n be_v comprehend_v for_o these_o remain_v heritable_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o relictum_fw-la by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1661._o cap._n 32._o and_o therefore_o a_o provision_n by_o a_o father_n to_o his_o daughter_n bear_v annualrent_a five_o per_fw-la cent_n find_v not_o to_o fall_v under_o the_o husband_n 〈◊〉_d mariti_fw-la june_n 28._o 1665._o james_n 〈◊〉_d against_o 〈◊〉_d edgar_n july_n 4._o 1676._o john_n 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la bruce_n the_o marriage_n without_o any_o contract_n be_v a_o legal_a assignation_n to_o the_o rent_n and_o profit_n of_o the_o wife_n land_n and_o other_o heritable_a right_n during_o the_o marriage_n so_o that_o without_o his_o consent_n the_o wife_n can_v alter_v the_o condition_n thereof_o in_o prejudice_n of_o his_o right_n during_o the_o marriage_n jus_fw-la mariti_fw-la be_v so_o effectual_a as_o to_o the_o movable_a good_n of_o the_o wife_n that_o though_o a_o life-rent_a in_o her_o second_o contract_n of_o marriage_n reserve_v a_o part_n of_o her_o life-rent_a land_n to_o be_v sole_o at_o she_o own_o disposel_n and_o that_o the_o husband_n in_o the_o same_o contract_n of_o marriage_n renounce_v his_o jus_fw-la mariti_fw-la thereanent_fw-la yet_o that_o renunciation_n be_v find_v to_o be_v his_o jur._n mariti_fw-la and_o so_o the_o profit_n of_o her_o life-rent_a be_v affect_v by_o his_o creditor_n it_o not_o be_v constitute_v
his_o marriage_n which_o be_v dissolve_v within_o year_n and_o day_n by_o the_o wife_n death_n be_v find_v void_a see_v the_o father_n persist_v not_o therein_o but_o infeft_v his_o second_o son_n july_n 15._o 1678._o lord_n burley_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o fairny_n and_o a_o tocher_n pay_v within_o the_o year_n be_v 〈◊〉_d to_o be_v repay_v without_o any_o deduction_n for_o the_o wife_n entertainment_n during_o the_o marriage_n but_o only_o for_o her_o clothes_n which_o be_v before_o the_o marriage_n and_o her_o funeral_n charge_n which_o be_v after_o the_o marriage_n be_v dissolve_v february_n 23._o 1681._o janet_n gordoun_n contra_fw-la thomas_n inglis_n but_o gift_n give_v to_o the_o marry_a person_n by_o the_o friend_n of_o both_o be_v divide_v equal_o the_o marriage_n be_v dissolve_v within_o year_n and_o day_n january_n 14._o 1679._o wauch_n contra_fw-la jamison_n but_o if_o a_o live_a child_n be_v bear_v the_o marriage_n be_v find_v valide_fw-la though_o both_o mother_n and_o child_n die_v within_o the_o year_n spot_n husband_n and_o wife_n stuart_n contra_fw-la irving_n the_o reason_n why_o the_o child_n must_v be_v hear_v cry_n be_v to_o make_v certain_a its_o lively_a ripeness_n and_o not_o to_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o conjecture_n of_o the_o witness_n and_o therefore_o it_o suffice_v not_o though_o they_o do_v declare_v that_o the_o child_n be_v live_v immediate_o before_o the_o birth_n and_o appear_v lively_a and_o full_a ripe_a when_o it_o be_v bear_v but_o that_o it_o be_v stifle_v in_o the_o birth_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o sandeland_n and_o thores_fw-la yet_o a_o wife_n infeftment_n be_v find_v valid_a till_o her_o tocher_n be_v repay_v though_o the_o marriage_n dissolve_v within_o the_o year_n july_n 20._o 1664._o petrie_n contra_fw-la paul_n but_o where_o a_o marriage_n continue_v a_o year_n and_o a_o part_n of_o the_o next_o day_n after_o the_o year_n the_o tocher_n be_v find_v not_o to_o return_v no_o in_o favorabilibus_fw-la dies_fw-la ceptus_fw-la habetur_fw-la pro_fw-la completo_fw-la february_n 25._o 1680._o george_n waddel_n contra_fw-la george_n salmond_n 16._o marriage_n dissolve_v by_o divorce_n either_o upon_o wilful_a non-adherence_a or_o wilful_a desertion_n or_o by_o adultery_n and_o the_o party_n injurer_n lose_v all_o benefit_n accrue_v through_o the_o marriage_n as_o be_v express_o provide_v by_o the_o foresay_a act_n of_o parliament_n concern_v non-adherence_a 1533._o cap._n 55._o but_o the_o party_n injure_v have_v the_o same_o benefit_n as_o by_o the_o other_o natural_a death_n as_o be_v find_v march_v 21._o 1637._o lady_n manderstoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o rentoun_n but_o if_o divorce_n follow_v upon_o impotency_n all_o thing_n return_v hinc_fw-la inde_fw-la because_o in_o effect_n there_o be_v no_o marriage_n as_o be_v find_v earl_n of_o eglintoun_n contra_fw-la lady_n eglintoun_n 17._o by_o the_o dissolution_n of_o marriage_n there_o arise_v to_o marry_a person_n not_o only_o these_o right_n which_o by_o voluntar_n contract_n be_v constitute_v to_o either_o and_o which_o be_v not_o proper_a here_o but_o also_o these_o which_o by_o law_n and_o custom_n be_v competent_a without_o any_o special_a convention_n or_o covenant_n and_o these_o be_v either_o upon_o the_o part_n of_o the_o husband_n or_o more_o frequent_o upon_o the_o part_n of_o the_o wife_n to_o the_o husband_n be_v competent_a the_o life-rent_a of_o the_o wife_n heretage_n which_o because_o it_o be_v peculiar_a unto_o these_o nation_n it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o courtesy_n of_o scotland_n or_o england_n to_o the_o wife_n arise_v her_o share_n of_o the_o movable_n which_o be_v the_o half_a where_o the_o man_n have_v no_o child_n in_o familia_fw-la and_o the_o three_o where_o there_o be_v such_o and_o her_o terce_n which_o be_v the_o three_o part_n of_o his_o land_n during_o her_o life_n but_o of_o reversion_n heritable_a bond_n disposition_n or_o right_n of_o land_n without_o infeftment_n and_o of_o teind_n or_o tack_n or_o tenement_n within_o burgh_n the_o relict_n have_v no_o terce_n these_o right_n of_o terce_n and_o courtesy_n fall_v in_o to_o be_v consider_v among_o the_o feudal_n right_n and_o the_o relic_n three_o or_o half_a of_o movable_n in_o the_o succession_n of_o movable_n wherein_o it_o be_v a_o concomitant_a and_o regulate_v according_a to_o that_o which_o be_v proper_a succession_n either_o of_o child_n or_o other_o though_o as_o to_o the_o wife_n it_o be_v rather_o a_o division_n of_o that_o community_n of_o good_n movable_a that_o be_v competent_a to_o the_o marry_a person_n during_o the_o marriage_n and_o therefore_o shall_v be_v insist_v on_o no_o further_a here_o but_o leave_v to_o these_o place_n and_o we_o shall_v proceed_v to_o the_o next_o kind_n of_o obediential_a obligation_n and_o natural_a right_n which_o intervene_v betwixt_o parent_n and_o child_n law_n and_o custom_n have_v favour_v and_o privilege_a wife_n in_o many_o case_n propter_fw-la fragilitatem_fw-la sexus_fw-la they_o be_v free_a from_o obliegement_n for_o sum_n of_o money_n and_o from_o personal_a execution_n by_o horning_n or_o caption_n if_o it_o be_v not_o for_o criminal_a cause_n their_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v preferable_a to_o other_o personal_a creditor_n february_n 8._o 1662._o thomas_n crawford_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o murray_n their_o share_n of_o their_o husband_n movable_n be_v not_o burden_v with_o the_o husband_n heritable_a debt_n december_n 28._o 1668._o margaret_n mckenzie_n contra_fw-la robertson_n july_n 19_o 1664._o elizabeth_n scrimzour_n contra_fw-la murrays_n yea_o gratuitous_a movable_a bond_n grant_v by_o a_o husband_n payable_a at_o his_o death_n whereby_o the_o whole_a executry_n will_v be_v exhaust_v and_o the_o wife_n have_v no_o share_n have_v no_o other_o provision_n the_o same_o be_v not_o find_v to_o affect_v the_o wife_n share_n but_o otherways_o such_o bond_n grant_v in_o liege_n poustie_n without_o fraud_n be_v find_v to_o come_v off_o the_o hail_n head_n and_o not_o off_o the_o dead_n part_n only_o december_n 8._o 1675._o thomson_n contra_fw-la executor_n of_o eleistoun_n and_o a_o wife_n be_v find_v not_o exclude_v from_o her_o share_n of_o her_o husband_n movable_n by_o a_o gratuitous_a disposition_n by_o her_o husband_n to_o his_o brother_n of_o all_o sum_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v at_o his_o death_n january_n 10._o 1679._o grant_v contra_fw-la grant_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o infeftment_n and_o provision_n of_o wife_n be_v effectual_a although_o the_o tocher_n which_o be_v the_o mutual_a cause_n thereof_o be_v not_o pay_v she_o not_o be_v oblige_v therefore_o herself_o though_o the_o contract_n bear_v that_o the_o tocher_n be_v pay_v it_o shall_v be_v employ_v to_o the_o wife_n use_n july_n 5._o 1665._o mackie_n contra_fw-la stuart_n the_o like_a though_o the_o contract_n bear_v that_o the_o husband_n shall_v employ_v the_o tocher_n for_o the_o wife_n in_o life-rent_a albeit_o the_o tocher_n be_v lose_v through_o the_o father_n insolvency_n june_n 11._o 1670._o margaret_n hunter_n contra_fw-la creditor_n of_o john_n peter_n the_o like_a though_o the_o contract_n bear_v that_o the_o wife_n shall_v have_v no_o benefit_n while_o the_o tocher_n shall_v be_v full_o pay_v if_o the_o tocher_n can_v be_v recover_v by_o the_o husband_n diligence_n november_n 21._o 1671._o marry_o menzies_n contra_fw-la john_n corbet_n on_o the_o same_o ground_n a_o contract_n of_o marriage_n bear_v the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o tocher_n to_o the_o wife_n fail_v child_n albeit_o conceive_v passive_a and_o not_o that_o the_o husband_n be_v to_o pay_v the_o same_o or_o do_v diligence_n therefore_o yet_o the_o husband_n be_v find_v liable_a to_o pay_v the_o half_a of_o the_o tocher_n although_o it_o be_v not_o recover_v unless_o he_o have_v do_v the_o diligence_n of_o a_o provident_a man_n which_o be_v find_v employ_v in_o his_o duty_n and_o trust_n as_o husband_n the_o wife_n be_v in_o potestate_fw-la viri_fw-la july_n 14._o 1676._o jean_n lockhart_n and_o raploch_n her_o spouse_n contra_fw-la james_n bonar_n and_o though_o husband_n have_v no_o communion_n in_o the_o habiliment_n and_o ornament_n of_o the_o wife_n which_o can_v be_v affect_v for_o his_o debt_n yet_o she_o have_v her_o share_n of_o the_o habiliment_n of_o the_o husband_n which_o fall_v in_o his_o executry_n and_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v all_o account_n for_o her_o habiliment_n suitable_a to_o her_o quality_n but_o where_o the_o wife_n have_v a_o alimentary_a provision_n for_o her_o habiliment_n ornament_n and_o her_o other_o use_v the_o husband_n have_v furnish_v they_o and_o receive_v that_o sum_n be_v not_o find_v liable_a to_o repay_v the_o same_o to_o her_o executour_n february_n 2._o 1667._o executour_n of_o the_o lady_n piltoun_n contra_fw-la hay_n of_o balhousie_n wife_n have_v not_o only_o a_o half_a or_o three_o of_o their_o husband_n movable_n when_o they_o survive_v but_o have_v their_o aliment_n till_o the_o next_o term_n after_o the_o husband_n
the_o precept_n and_o expon_v it_o if_o it_o be_v in_o latin_a and_o then_o the_o word_n of_o the_o precept_n shall_v be_v ingross_v seven_o it_o bear_v the_o superior_a or_o the_o bailzy_n deliver_v of_o earth_n and_o stone_n of_o the_o land_n to_o the_o vassal_n or_o to_o his_o aucturney_n bearer_n of_o the_o precept_n or_o delivery_n of_o any_o other_o accustom_a symbol_n as_o a_o penny_n for_o a_o annualrent_a a_o net_n for_o fish_v a_o clap_n for_o a_o miln_n eight_o it_o bear_v the_o aucturneys_n require_v instrument_n nine_o it_o must_v bear_v that_o these_o thing_n be_v do_v upon_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o land_n or_o other_o hereditament_n and_o the_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n before_o two_o witness_n at_o the_o least_o require_v thereto_o and_o last_o the_o attest_v of_o the_o nottar_n bear_v the_o authority_n of_o his_o creation_n and_o that_o he_o be_v present_a with_o the_o witness_n &_o vidi_fw-la scivi_fw-la &_o audivi_fw-la that_o the_o thing_n contain_v in_o the_o instrument_n be_v so_o do_v as_o be_v express_v therein_o and_o that_o he_o take_v a_o note_n thereof_o and_o thereupon_o draw_v a_o formal_a instrument_n and_o insert_v the_o same_o in_o his_o protocol_n whereunto_o be_v adjoin_v his_o sign_n his_o motto_n contain_v in_o his_o commission_n relate_v to_o his_o faithfulness_n and_o trust_n and_o his_o name_n or_o the_o initial_a letter_n thereof_o 18._o if_o any_o of_o these_o be_v omit_v the_o nottar_n may_v be_v exauctorat_fw-la and_o punish_v by_o the_o lord_n but_o the_o essential_o be_v much_o sewer_n yet_o the_o seasine_a must_v contain_v the_o delivery_n of_o symbolical_a possession_n by_o the_o superior_a or_o his_o bailzie_n to_o the_o vassal_n or_o his_o acturney_n upon_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o land_n or_o other_o tenement_n in_o presence_n of_o the_o nottar_n and_o witness_n with_o the_o date_n and_o subscription_n of_o the_o nottar_n but_o the_o delivery_n of_o the_o symbol_n of_o a_o office_n have_v no_o particular_a place_n or_o ground_n be_v sufficient_a any_o where_o as_o a_o batton_n for_o a_o military_a office_n or_o a_o scrol_n book_n or_o cape_n for_o a_o civil_a office_n but_o where_o the_o fee_n have_v a_o particular_a ground_n or_o place_n there_o it_o must_v be_v take_v upon_o the_o ground_n and_o it_o will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a to_o be_v in_o view_n of_o the_o ground_n yet_o law_n or_o custom_n may_v otherways_o order_v in_o case_n of_o necessity_n as_o the_o infeftment_n of_o land_n in_o nova_n scotia_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v take_v at_o the_o castle-hill_n of_o edinburgh_n and_o when_o land_n be_v right_o unite_v or_o erect_v in_o barronries_n seasine_n take_v upon_o any_o part_n thereof_o suffice_v for_o the_o whole_a and_o without_o union_n seasine_n take_v upon_o any_o part_n of_o the_o land_n will_v serve_v for_o all_o the_o land_n in_o the_o infeftment_n lie_v contigue_fw-la craig_n relate_v that_o a_o seasine_a be_v find_v null_a and_o false_a where_o it_o bear_v these_o thing_n be_v do_v upon_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o land_n albeit_o the_o party_n have_v put_v of_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o land_n on_o which_o they_o stand_v within_o their_o shoe_n but_o be_v not_o upon_o the_o fix_a ground_n thereof_o the_o instrument_n of_o seasine_n must_v be_v take_v by_o a_o public_a nottar_n lawful_o authorize_v at_o the_o least_o so_o hold_v and_o repute_v for_o though_o the_o nottar_n be_v deprive_v it_o will_v not_o vitiat_fw-la his_o instrument_n take_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la by_o person_n who_o know_v not_o his_o deprivation_n till_o it_o be_v common_o know_v or_o letter_n of_o publication_n intimate_fw-la at_o the_o mercat_n cross._n a_o seasine_a be_v also_o find_v null_n because_o it_o want_v these_o word_n vidi_fw-la scivi_fw-la &_o audivi_fw-la hope_n seasine_n primrose_n contra_fw-la in_o ancient_a right_n or_o where_o there_o be_v not_o a_o more_o solemn_a infeftment_n seasine_n have_v be_v sustain_v though_o with_o considerable_a defect_n as_o where_o the_o seasine_n bear_v not_o delivery_n of_o earth_n and_o stone_n but_o only_o actual_a and_o real_a seasine_n june_n 17._o 1630._o earl_n of_o wigtoun_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o cassils_n but_o not_o where_o the_o seasine_a want_v delivery_n of_o earth_n and_o stone_n and_o the_o name_n of_o the_o aucturney_n hope_n seasine_n laird_n of_o lie_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o callender_n a_o seasine_n be_v sustain_v though_o it_o do_v not_o repeat_v the_o precept_n and_o do_v not_o bear_v delivery_n of_o earth_n and_o stone_n but_o only_o of_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o land_n yet_o be_v prefer_v to_o a_o posterior_n formal_a seasine_n take_v after_o the_o matter_n be_v litigious_a october_n 23._o 1680._o lady_n lambertoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o polwart_n and_o a_o seasine_a be_v the_o title_n in_o a_o reduction_n be_v sustain_v to_o infer_v certification_n though_o it_o bear_v not_o delivery_n of_o earth_n and_o stone_n nor_o instrument_n take_v nor_o the_o hour_n nor_o be_v conform_v to_o the_o warrant_n but_o bear_v only_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n in_o such_o case_n but_o the_o defender_n thereafter_o have_v make_v a_o production_n of_o his_o right_n certification_n be_v not_o grant_v contra_fw-la non_fw-la producta_fw-la march_v 20._o 1632._o laird_n of_o lie_n and_o stuart_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o lunderdail_n and_o seasine_n of_o land_n and_o a_o miln_n be_v sustain_v bear_v delivery_n of_o earth_n and_o stone_n of_o the_o land_n and_o milne_n with_o all_o solemnity_n requisite_a march_v 15._o 1631._o laird_n of_o swintoun_n contra_fw-la vassal_n of_o dumfermling_n 19_o seasines_n be_v but_o the_o assertion_n of_o a_o nottar_n do_v not_o prove_v or_o instruct_v a_o real_a right_n unless_o they_o be_v astruct_v by_o a_o warrant_n or_o adminicle_n in_o write_v except_o that_o it_o be_v against_o tenant_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o their_o master_n who_o be_v know_v to_o be_v in_o possession_n or_o that_o prescription_n have_v run_v by_o one_o or_o more_o subsequent_a seasines_n and_o 40_o year_n peaceable_a possession_n and_o albeit_o the_o most_o ordinar_n warrant_n of_o seasine_n be_v the_o superior_n precept_n ingross_v or_o relate_v to_o in_o the_o seasine_a yet_o after_o 40_o year_n possession_n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n to_o produce_v precept_n of_o seasine_n procuratory_n or_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n even_o in_o the_o case_n of_o reduction_n of_o infeftment_n for_o want_n of_o these_o parliament_z 1495_o cap._n 214._o in_o which_o there_o be_v not_o require_v peaceable_a possession_n neither_o yet_o continue_a possession_n as_o be_v require_v in_o the_o act_n of_o prescription_n so_o that_o interruption_n as_o to_o this_o point_n will_v not_o alter_v the_o case_n but_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n to_o produce_v any_o more_o for_o instruct_v a_o infeftment_n but_o the_o seasine_a and_o a_o warrant_v thereof_o such_o as_o a_o precept_n of_o clare_n constat_fw-la a_o precept_n out_o of_o the_o chanclery_n a_o disposition_n or_o contract_n of_o alienation_n according_a as_o the_o seasine_a do_v relate_v to_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o as_o if_o the_o seasine_a bear_n to_o proceed_v upon_o a_o precept_n contain_v in_o a_o charter_n ter_z disposition_n or_o contract_n of_o alienation_n these_o must_v be_v produce_v specifice_n as_o they_o be_v relate_v not_o only_o passive_a to_o defend_v in_o reduction_n but_o active_a as_o title_n of_o reduction_n declarator_n and_o all_o other_o process_n except_o against_o tenant_n or_o naked_a possessor_n or_o where_o prescription_n have_v run_v because_o the_o charwhen_n it_o be_v relate_v to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o investiture_n make_v up_o the_o real_a right_n and_o therefore_o as_o have_v be_v now_o show_v §_o 14._o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n to_o produce_v a_o disposition_n contract_n of_o alienation_n or_o bond_n though_o the_o charter_n relate_v thereto_o but_o if_o the_o seasinebear_v to_o proceed_v upon_o a_o precept_n contain_v in_o a_o disposition_n contract_n of_o alienation_n or_o bond_n than_o these_o be_v part_n of_o the_o infeftment_n and_o make_v up_o the_o real_a right_n and_o so_o must_v be_v produce_v that_o the_o defender_n may_v except_v or_o defend_v upon_o any_o clause_n therein_o contain_v in_o favour_n of_o himself_o his_o predecessor_n or_o author_n unless_o the_o infeftment_n be_v ancient_a and_o clede_v with_o long_a possession_n in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v like_o the_o lord_n will_v extend_v the_o foresay_a statute_n and_o will_v sustain_v a_o disposition_n contract_n or_o bond_n as_o a_o sufficient_a adminicle_n of_o the_o seasine_a though_o it_o relate_v not_o thereto_o and_o albeit_o this_o statute_n mention_n only_o that_o charter_n and_o seasine_n shall_v be_v sufficient_a under_o which_o a_o disposition_n or_o contract_n of_o alienation_n must_v be_v comprehend_v when_o the_o seasine_a be_v immediate_o take_v thereupon_o and_o not_o upon_o a_o formal_a charter_n for_o than_o they_o
the_o witness_n insert_v make_v a_o strong_a probation_n to_o return_v to_o seasines_n propriis_fw-la manibus_fw-la by_o husband_n to_o wife_n without_o warrant_n or_o adminicle_n in_o write_v they_o be_v not_o general_o probative_a except_o in_o such_o case_n as_o have_v be_v now_o express_v hope_n seasine_n bell_n and_o morison_n contra_fw-la thomson_n laird_n of_o coldingknow_v contra_fw-la dam_n helen_n hereis_n 20._o but_o for_o the_o further_o secure_v of_o infeftment_n and_o land-rights_a that_o excellent_a statute_n which_o before_o be_v attempt_v be_v at_o last_o perfect_v par._n 1617._o cap._n 16._o whereby_o all_o seasine_n reversion_n regress_n bond_n or_o write_v for_o make_v of_o reversion_n and_o regress_v assignation_n thereto_o and_o discharge_v thereof_o renunciation_n of_o wodset_n and_o grant_v of_o redemption_n not_o be_v registrat_n in_o a_o peculiar_a register_n appoint_v for_o that_o end_n or_o in_o case_n of_o consign_v renunciation_n and_o grant_v of_o redemption_n in_o process_n within_o 60_o day_n next_o after_o the_o decreet_a ordain_v the_o same_o to_o be_v give_v up_o to_o the_o party_n have_v right_o thereto_o or_o at_o least_o within_o 60_o day_n after_o seize_v take_v of_o the_o land_n or_o right_n to_o which_o the_o reversion_n relate_v it_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o say_n seasine_n and_o other_o write_v shall_v make_v no_o faith_n in_o judgement_n by_o action_n or_o exception_n in_o prejudice_n of_o a_o three_o party_n who_o have_v acquire_v a_o perfect_a and_o lawful_a right_n to_o the_o say_n land_n and_o heritage_n without_o prejudice_n to_o make_v use_n of_o these_o right_n against_o the_o grant_a and_o his_o heir_n but_o there_o be_v except_v reversion_n contain_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o infeftment_n and_o all_o seasines_n reversion_n etc._n etc._n of_o tenement_n within_o burgh_n 21._o and_o to_o make_v land-rights_a yet_o more_o secure_a because_o the_o former_a act_n do_v not_o require_v registration_n of_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n in_o the_o superior_n hand_n adremanentiam_fw-la whereby_o purchaser_n be_v not_o secure_a but_o that_o the_o land_n acquire_v by_o they_o may_v have_v be_v resign_v or_o renounce_v to_o the_o superior_a whereby_o their_o author_n fie_o become_v extinct_a without_o necessity_n of_o new_a infeftment_n be_v consolidat_fw-la with_o the_o superiority_n whereby_o the_o superior_n infeftment_a carry_v both_o superiority_n and_o property_n therefore_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n not_o be_v registrat_n be_v declare_v null_n yet_o with_o exception_n of_o tenement_n hold_v burgage_n and_o therefore_o a_o seasine_a within_o burgh_n be_v sustain_v though_o not_o find_v in_o the_o town_n book_n june_n 30._o 1668._o mr._n robert_n burnet_n contra_fw-la swan_n february_n 11._o 1681._o francis_n irw_v contra_fw-la corsan_fw-la upon_o consideration_n of_o this_o case_n the_o lord_n by_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la ordain_v the_o burrows_n to_o take_v sufficient_a caution_n oftheir_o town_n clerk_n present_a and_o to_o come_v to_o insert_v in_o their_o book_n all_o seasine_n give_v by_o they_o of_o the_o tenement_n within_o burgh_n and_o all_o reversion_n or_o bond_n for_o grant_v reversion_n assignation_n thereto_o and_o discharge_v thereof_o renunciation_n and_o grant_n of_o redemption_n and_o that_o within_o 60._o day_n after_o the_o give_v of_o seasine_n or_o present_v to_o they_o of_o the_o reversion_n or_o other_o foresaid_n and_o that_o under_o the_o pain_n of_o the_o damnage_n of_o any_o party_n acquire_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la for_o onerous_a cause_n by_o such_o latent_fw-la right_n though_o prior_n declare_v that_o they_o will_v hold_v all_o such_o seasines_n reversion_n etc._n etc._n to_o be_v give_v hereafter_o and_o not_o insert_v in_o the_o town_n book_n in_o manner_n foresay_a to_o be_v latent_fw-la and_o fraudulent_a keep_v up_o of_o design_n to_o ensnare_v lawful_a purchaser_n but_o there_o be_v now_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n require_v the_o insert_v of_o seasine_n within_o burgh_n in_o the_o town-clerk_n book_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o under_o the_o same_o certification_n as_o be_v require_v to_o the_o registration_n of_o seasines_n without_o burgh_n 22._o and_o for_o the_o further_a security_n of_o land-rights_a because_o appryse_v or_o adjudication_n with_o a_o charge_n of_o horning_n thereupon_o against_o the_o superior_a make_v for_o some_o time_n a_o real_a right_n therefore_o a_o abbreviat_fw-la of_o apprysing_n contain_v in_o the_o allowance_n thereof_o write_v on_o the_o back_n of_o the_o same_o and_o sign_v by_o two_o of_o the_o lord_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v registrat_n in_o a_o particular_a register_n for_o that_o purpose_n within_o 60._o day_n after_o the_o date_n of_o the_o appryse_v with_o certification_n that_o any_o other_o appryse_v though_o posterior_n in_o date_n yet_o first_o allow_v and_o registrat_n shall_v be_v prefer_v parliament_n 1661._o cap._n 31._o which_o be_v extend_v to_o adjudication_n parliament_n 1672._o cap._n 19_o but_o this_o relate_v only_o to_o the_o new_a form_n of_o adjudication_n than_o introduce_v in_o place_n of_o appryse_v but_o for_o the_o old_a adjudication_n upon_o there_o nunciation_n of_o heir_n or_o implement_n of_o disposition_n neither_o statute_n nor_o custom_n have_v yet_o clear_v whether_o these_o will_v be_v effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n from_o their_o date_n or_o from_o the_o charge_n against_o the_o superior_a or_o only_o from_o the_o seasine_n thereupon_o which_o as_o all_o other_o seasines_n must_v be_v registrat_n and_o if_o the_o lord_n do_v sustain_v these_o from_o the_o charge_n it_o will_v make_v a_o defect_n in_o the_o security_n of_o land-rights_a till_o it_o be_v supply_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o for_o further_a security_n of_o land-rights_a because_o they_o may_v be_v reduce_v upon_o inhibition_n or_o interdiction_n therefore_o these_o if_o not_o registrat_n be_v also_o null_a and_o in_o respect_n horning_n continue_v unrelax_v year_n and_o day_n after_o the_o denunciation_n the_o superior_a have_v the_o fee_n during_o the_o life_n of_o the_o vassal_n denunce_v therefore_o horn_v if_o not_o registrat_n be_v also_o incumbent_a and_o the_o act_n of_o prescription_n exclude_v all_o prior_n right_n precede_v 40._o year_n unless_o they_o have_v obtain_v possession_n or_o do_v digence_n therefore_o by_o interruption_n which_o must_v be_v repeat_v every_o five_o year_n or_o else_o they_o be_v null_a and_o must_v also_o be_v execute_v by_o a_o messenger_n so_o that_o where_o before_o a_o citation_n make_v interruption_n which_o continue_v for_o forty_o year_n which_o may_v much_o insecure_a purchaser_n they_o can_v now_o last_v but_o five_o year_n in_o which_o short_a time_n the_o noise_n thereof_o may_v ready_o reach_v purchaser_n so_o that_o if_o purchaser_n get_v a_o progress_n of_o infeftment_n for_o forty_o year_n he_o may_v by_o the_o register_n know_v it_o there_o be_v any_o real_a right_n that_o can_v affect_v the_o fee_n within_o that_o time_n and_o have_v no_o more_o to_o inquire_v but_o as_o to_o interruption_n within_o five_o year_n which_o if_o the_o lord_n appoint_v to_o pass_v only_o upon_o bill_n it_o may_v be_v find_v at_o the_o signet_n so_o that_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n no_o nation_n have_v so_o much_o security_n of_o irredeemable_a land-rights_a as_o we_o have_v it_o be_v true_a redeemable_a right_n be_v not_o so_o secure_a because_o they_o may_v be_v evacuat_a by_o order_n of_o redemption_n which_o proceed_v by_o instrument_n of_o premonition_n and_o consignation_n which_o require_v no_o registration_n and_o therefore_o purchaser_n of_o appryzing_n or_o adjudication_n during_o the_o legal_a reversion_n be_v in_o hazard_n of_o any_o order_n of_o redemption_n or_o summons_n for_o count_n and_o reckon_a and_o likewise_o these_o who_o purchase_v wodset_n or_o infeftment_n of_o property_n or_o annualrent_a for_o security_n of_o sum_n run_v the_o hazard_n of_o satisfaction_n and_o payment_n of_o these_o sum_n by_o intromission_n or_o otherways_o wherein_o there_o be_v little_a inconveniency_n for_o no_o man_n shall_v purchase_v a_o redeemable_a right_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o reverser_n but_o upon_o his_o hazard_n or_o if_o there_o be_v any_o reversion_n reservation_n or_o real_a burden_n in_o his_o author_n right_a sibi_fw-la imputet_fw-la it_o be_v his_o fault_n and_o negligence_n if_o he_o do_v not_o see_v it_o and_o secure_v himself_o against_o it_o the_o question_n may_v occur_v here_o if_o the_o keeper_n of_o the_o register_n of_o seasine_n do_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n mark_v the_o seasine_a registrat_n and_o attest_v the_o same_o by_o his_o subscription_n and_o yet_o by_o negligence_n or_o fraud_n shall_v not_o insert_v it_o in_o the_o register_n whether_o in_o that_o case_n a_o purchaser_n bona_fw-la fide_fw-la for_o cause_n onerous_a though_o infeft_v thereafter_o will_v be_v exclude_v by_o that_o prior_n infeftment_n mark_v by_o the_o clerk_n not_o record_v though_o nothing_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o this_o case_n if_o seasines_n mark_v registrat_n
though_o not_o find_v in_o the_o register_n be_v find_v sufficient_a against_o singular_a successor_n purchase_v thereafter_o the_o design_n and_o tenor_n of_o this_o statute_n will_v be_v elude_v for_o the_o statute_n bear_v if_o they_o be_v not_o registrat_n which_o must_v import_v there_o be_v insert_v in_o the_o register_n they_o be_v null_a and_o therefore_o though_o the_o keeper_n of_o the_o register_n have_v attest_v such_o seasines_n to_o be_v registrate_n yet_o true_o they_o be_v not_o registrat_n and_o no_o purchaser_n can_v be_v secure_a by_o inspection_n of_o register_n if_o a_o false_a attest_v of_o a_o clerk_n can_v exclude_v he_o who_o ofttimes_o be_v insolvent_a but_o the_o not_o insert_v of_o seasine_n within_o burgh_n in_o the_o town_n book_n do_v not_o annual_a they_o seasin_n within_o burgh_n be_v a_o total_a exception_n from_o the_o whole_a act_n for_o registration_n and_o the_o statute_n be_v defective_a in_o that_o point_n the_o lord_n do_v very_o fit_o supply_v it_o by_o these_o two_o remeid_n that_o the_o seasin_n within_o burgh_n not_o be_v in_o the_o town_n book_n shall_v not_o be_v find_v null_n yet_o they_o may_v be_v reduce_v as_o latent_fw-la and_o fraudulent_a and_o if_o the_o town_n clerk_n be_v put_v to_o find_v caution_n for_o the_o damage_n real_a right_n within_o burgh_n will_v be_v full_o as_o secure_v as_o these_o without_o burgh_n 23._o seasine_n as_o all_o other_o instrument_n must_v have_v the_o attest_v and_o subscription_n of_o the_o nottar_n giver_n thereof_o bear_v the_o name_n and_o designation_n of_o the_o witness_n insert_v whereof_o two_o will_v be_v sufficient_a because_o the_o seasine_a must_v have_v a_o warrant_n by_o a_o subscribe_v write_v by_o the_o author_n of_o the_o infeftment_n and_o so_o need_v not_o two_o nottar_n and_o consequent_o require_v not_o four_o witness_n as_o other_o principal_n write_v of_o importance_n subscribe_v by_o nottar_n july_n 5._o 1680._o bishop_n of_o aberdene_n contra_fw-la viscount_n of_o kenmure_n neither_o be_v a_o seasine_a find_v void_a because_o take_v in_o the_o night_n nothing_o of_o latency_n or_o fraud_n be_v qualify_v but_o possession_n conform_v margaret_n arnot_n and_o patton_n her_o spouse_n contra_fw-la mr._n archibald_n turner_n 24._o if_o a_o seasine_a be_v only_o extract_v out_o of_o the_o register_n of_o seasines_n it_o will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a because_o that_o register_n be_v only_o for_o publication_n as_o also_o the_o register_n of_o horning_n and_o inhibition_n and_o not_o for_o conservation_n for_o the_o keeper_n of_o the_o register_n do_v not_o keep_v the_o principal_a seasine_n but_o give_v they_o back_o mark_v but_o if_o the_o principal_a seasine_a mark_v as_o registrat_n be_v want_v if_o the_o nottar_n who_o give_v it_o be_v alive_a he_o may_v renew_v it_o out_o of_o his_o protocol_n and_o the_o keeper_n of_o the_o register_n of_o seasines_n may_v attest_v it_o registrat_n upon_o the_o day_n mention_v in_o the_o register_n and_o therefore_o the_o lord_n upon_o supplication_n ordain_v the_o keeper_n of_o a_o register_n so_o to_o mark_v a_o seasine_n january_n 2._o 1678._o sir_n andrew_n ramsay_n supplicant_n 25._o but_o if_o the_o nottar_n who_o give_v the_o seasine_n be_v dead_a there_o remain_v yet_o this_o remeid_v that_o a_o transumpt_n may_v be_v make_v upon_o production_n of_o the_o protocol_n and_o citation_n of_o the_o author_n or_o his_o heir_n or_o any_o other_o party_n have_v interest_n which_o transumpt_n be_v sufficient_a in_o place_n of_o the_o principal_n seize_v and_o may_v bear_v both_o the_o transumpt_n of_o the_o protocol_n and_o of_o that_o part_n of_o the_o register_n where_o the_o seasine_n be_v registrate_n but_o the_o instrument_n of_o a_o clerk_n contain_v the_o tenor_n of_o a_o seasine_n will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a without_o citation_n of_o the_o party_n if_o both_o the_o principal_a seasine_n and_o the_o protocol_n be_v want_v the_o tenor_n of_o the_o seasine_n may_v be_v prove_v upon_o citation_n of_o the_o same_o party_n as_o in_o a_o transumpt_n if_o there_o be_v sufficient_a adminicle_n in_o write_n and_o witness_n who_o see_v the_o seasine_n wherein_o the_o extract_v of_o the_o seasine_n out_o of_o the_o register_n be_v a_o good_a adminicle_n seasine_n take_v out_o of_o the_o town_n book_n not_o by_o the_o town_n clerk_n who_o give_v the_o seasine_n but_o by_o his_o successor_n will_v not_o serve_v for_o a_o principal_a seasine_n the_o town_n book_n be_v but_o the_o protocal_a of_o the_o town_n clerk_n and_o therefore_o either_o must_v the_o town_n book_n be_v produce_v that_o the_o seasine_n may_v be_v transume_v or_o commission_n grant_v for_o inspection_n or_o collation_n which_o be_v return_v be_v find_v to_o suffice_v as_o a_o transumpt_n february_n 11._o 1681._o francis_n irving_n contra_fw-la corsan_fw-la 26._o infeftment_n do_v sometime_o express_v the_o meithe_n or_o march_n of_o the_o land_n and_o tenement_n which_o thence_o be_v call_v a_o bound_a infeftment_n give_v right_o to_o all_o within_o the_o bound_n if_o the_o giver_n of_o the_o charter_n have_v right_a or_o if_o the_o vassal_n have_v by_o that_o infeftment_n have_v peaceable_a possession_n till_o prescription_n otherways_o bound_v charter_n prejudge_v not_o par._n 1592._o cap._n 136._o yet_o prescription_n will_v adject_v that_o which_o be_v within_o the_o bound_a to_o another_o tenement_n which_o will_v not_o be_v elide_v by_o possess_v the_o major_a part_n of_o that_o tenement_n but_o no_o prescription_n can_v give_v right_a to_o what_o be_v without_o the_o bound_a as_o part_v and_o pertinent_a novemb_n 14._o 1671._o walter_z young_z contra_fw-la bailzie_n carmichael_n but_o where_o there_o be_v no_o bound_v possession_n clear_v the_o part_n and_o pertinent_o of_o every_o tenement_n and_o in_o competition_n where_o any_o ground_n be_v claim_v as_o part_v and_o pertinent_a of_o several_a tenement_n witness_n be_v allow_v to_o either_o party_n for_o prove_v the_o possession_n and_o interruption_n unless_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o that_o ground_n be_v separ_fw-la 〈◊〉_d tenementum_fw-la have_v a_o distinct_a infeftment_n of_o itself_o which_o will_v exclude_v the_o alledgeance_n of_o part_n and_o pertinent_a if_o the_o several_a infeftment_n be_v not_o exclude_v by_o prescription_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o say_a case_n young_z contra_fw-la carmichael_n but_o though_o the_o one_o infeftment_n contain_v the_o ground_n in_o question_n per_fw-la expressum_fw-la in_o the_o enumeration_n of_o the_o part_n of_o a_o barronry_n or_o tenement_n and_o though_o the_o other_o infeftment_n contain_v no_o enumeration_n or_o in_o the_o enumeration_n mention_v not_o the_o ground_n in_o question_n but_o the_o same_o be_v allege_v to_o be_v part_n and_o pertinent_a comprehend_v under_o the_o common_a designation_n or_o under_o some_o of_o the_o part_n enumerat_a if_o both_o flow_n from_o one_o common_a author_n as_o original_a right_n the_o first_o be_v preferable_a otherways_o both_o will_v be_v allow_v witness_n for_o prove_v possession_n and_o interruption_n &_o in_o paricasu_fw-la aut_fw-la dubio_fw-la the_o express_a infeftment_n will_v be_v preferable_a 27._o but_o the_o main_a question_n be_v here_o concern_v infeftment_n hold_v of_o subject_n not_o be_v pass_v upon_o the_o granter_n resignation_n by_o the_o superior_a or_o the_o superior_n confirmation_n or_o by_o his_o obedience_n upon_o decreet_n of_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n which_o therefore_o be_v call_v base_a infeftment_n and_o private_a infeftment_n because_o they_o proceed_v in_o a_o more_o private_a and_o ignoble_a way_n be_v do_v by_o the_o grant_a and_o receiver_n thereof_o without_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o superior_a the_o doubt_n be_v whether_o such_o be_v complete_a real_a right_n carry_v the_o property_n of_o the_o ground_n by_o the_o charter_n and_o seasine_n only_o or_o not_o until_o possession_n of_o the_o hereditament_n be_v obtain_v the_o ground_n of_o this_o distinction_n betwixt_o infeftment_n and_o of_o the_o doubt_n as_o to_o base_a infeftment_n be_v from_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1540_o cap._n 105._o whereby_o it_o be_v clear_a first_o before_o that_o act_n infeftment_n hold_v of_o the_o disponer_n without_o resignation_n or_o confirmation_n be_v valid_a without_o possession_n and_o preferable_a to_o all_o posterior_n infeftment_n though_o proceed_v upon_o resignation_n or_o by_o confirmation_n for_o it_o be_v for_o remeid_v of_o this_o that_o this_o statute_n be_v enact_v second_o by_o the_o letter_n of_o this_o statute_n posterior_n infeftment_n upon_o resignation_n or_o by_o confirmation_n be_v only_o prefer_v to_o prior_n private_a infeftment_n when_o the_o obtainer_n of_o the_o posterior_n infeftment_n brook_v the_o land_n peaceable_o by_o labour_v manure_a and_o uptake_v of_o the_o mail_n profit_n and_o duty_n and_o so_o be_v know_v heritable_a possessor_n thereof_o year_n and_o day_n and_o when_o such_o infeftment_n be_v for_o cause_n onerous_a or_o do_v contain_v or_o import_v warrandice_n neither_o be_v there_o
any_o thing_n mention_v in_o the_o statute_n as_o to_o the_o competition_n of_o infeftment_n upon_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n with_o prior_n base_a infeftment_n nor_o of_o the_o competition_n of_o one_o base_a infeftment_n with_o another_o yet_o custom_n since_o that_o statute_n have_v clear_v and_o determine_v the_o competition_n of_o public_a and_o base_a infeftment_n and_o have_v restrict_v this_o statute_n in_o some_o point_n and_o extend_v it_o in_o other_o first_o custom_n have_v prefer_v all_o public_a infeftment_n upon_o resignation_n or_o confirmation_n or_o upon_o apprize_a or_o adjudication_n to_o base_a infeftment_n though_o prior_n if_o the_o base_a infeftment_n have_v lie_v out_o of_o all_o kind_n of_o possession_n and_o likewise_o have_v prefer_v posterior_n base_a infeftment_n first_o clede_n with_o possession_n to_o prior_n base_a infeftment_n without_o possession_n especial_o in_o consideration_n that_o such_o base_a infeftment_n be_v fraudulent_a or_o simulat_fw-la retenta_fw-la possessione_n for_o the_o retain_v of_o possession_n be_v a_o pregnant_a ground_n of_o simulation_n not_o only_o of_o infeftment_n but_o many_o other_o right_n as_o when_o movable_n be_v dispone_v and_o deliver_v but_o present_o take_v back_o and_o the_o natural_a possession_n continue_v in_o the_o disponer_n though_o instrument_n be_v take_v upon_o the_o delivery_n yet_o other_o disposition_n or_o legal_a diligence_n attain_v and_o retain_v possession_n be_v preferable_a because_o the_o other_o disposition_n be_v presume_v fraudulent_a and_o simulat_fw-la and_o gift_n of_o single_a escheat_n or_o liferent_a escheat_n be_v presume_v to_o be_v simulat_fw-la if_o the_o rebel_n or_o his_o conjunct_a and_o confident_a person_n be_v long_o suffer_v to_o retain_v the_o possession_n and_o therefore_o base_a infeftment_n retenta_fw-la possessione_n be_v also_o presume_v fraudulent_a and_o simulat_fw-la and_o that_o not_o only_a presumptione_n juris_fw-la by_o this_o and_o other_o statute_n but_o presumptione_n juris_fw-la &_o de_fw-la jure_fw-la admit_v no_o contrary_a probation_n for_o certain_o base_a infeftment_n may_v be_v and_o oftentimes_o have_v be_v without_o simulation_n and_o for_o onerous_a cause_n and_o yet_o these_o have_v never_o be_v sustain_v or_o admit_v to_o probation_n to_o validat_n such_o base_a infeftment_n and_o albeit_o long_a retention_n of_o possession_n may_v raise_v presumptionem_fw-la hominis_fw-la that_o public_a infeftment_n be_v simulat_fw-la or_o without_o cause_n onerous_a yet_o that_o presumption_n have_v not_o be_v own_v by_o law_n second_o custom_n have_v prefer_v posterior_n base_a infeftment_n attain_v possession_n or_o use_v diligence_n to_o attain_v it_o to_o prior_n base_a infeftment_n not_o attain_v possession_n nor_o use_v diligence_n to_o attain_v it_o and_o albeit_o the_o superveen_a statute_n for_o registration_n of_o seasine_n be_v design_v for_o publication_n thereof_o that_o purchaser_n thereafter_o may_v not_o be_v ensnare_v or_o disappoint_v whereby_o it_o may_v seem_v that_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o private_a or_o base_a infeftment_n and_o public_a infeftment_n may_v have_v be_v lay_v aside_o since_o the_o act_n for_o registration_n of_o seasines_n whereby_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o real_a right_n by_o prove_v base_a infeftment_n clad_v with_o possession_n by_o witness_n wherein_o our_o law_n be_v so_o just_o jealous_a and_o cautious_a that_o they_o be_v not_o admit_v in_o case_n where_o write_v use_n to_o be_v adhibit_v may_v be_v avoid_v yet_o the_o preserence_n of_o public_a infeftment_n to_o prior_n base_a infeftment_n not_o clad_v with_o possession_n be_v fix_v by_o custom_n from_o this_o statute_n before_o the_o act_n for_o registration_n of_o seasines_n by_o the_o space_n of_o threescore_o seventeen_o year_n have_v be_v still_o continue_v and_o such_o infeftment_n as_o be_v without_o consent_n of_o the_o superior_a or_o order_n of_o law_n have_v still_o retain_v the_o name_n and_o nature_n of_o base_a infeftment_n and_o albeit_o the_o alledgeance_n use_v sometime_o to_o be_v propon_v against_o base_a infeftment_n that_o they_o be_v null_a not_o be_v clad_v with_o possession_n yet_o it_o be_v no_o simple_a nullity_n but_o only_o a_o preference_n of_o a_o more_o solemn_a right_n for_o pursuit_n for_o mail_n and_o duty_n remove_n yea_o and_o reduction_n be_v sustain_v thereupon_o and_o will_v not_o be_v exclude_v upon_o pretence_n of_o want_n of_o possession_n as_o thereby_o be_v null_n though_o they_o have_v lie_v long_o out_o of_o possession_n so_o a_o base_a infeftment_n without_o possession_n be_v find_v a_o sufficient_a title_n in_o a_o reduction_n to_o enforce_v production_n of_o all_o other_o infeftment_n base_a or_o public_a albeit_o the_o superior_a do_v not_o concur_v spot_n kirk-man_n dowglas_n contra_fw-la the_o earl_n of_o home_n and_o such_o infeftment_n do_v always_o exclude_v posterior_n arrestment_n they_o do_v also_o exclude_v the_o terce_n of_o the_o granter_n relict_n january_n 27._o 1669._o bell_n of_o belford_n contra_fw-la lady_n rutherford_n but_o base_a infeftment_n do_v not_o exclude_v the_o liferent_a escheat_n of_o their_o author_n unless_o they_o attain_v possession_n in_o cursu_fw-la rebellionis_fw-la march_v 19_o 1633._o laird_n of_o rentoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o blackiter_n february_n 21._o 1667._o robert_n milne_n contra_fw-la clerkson_n where_o there_o be_v no_o further_a ground_n of_o simulation_n than_o the_o want_n of_o possession_n very_o little_a possession_n or_o diligence_n for_o possession_n will_v prefer_v base_a infeftment_n to_o posterior_n public_a infeftment_n or_o to_o posterior_n base_a infeftment_n clad_v with_o possession_n as_o the_o lift_n of_o one_o term_n rend_v do_v prefer_v a_o base_a infeftment_n to_o a_o posterior_n public_a infeftment_n clad_v with_o many_o year_n possession_n hope_n alienation_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la mcadam_n and_o the_o payment_n of_o a_o small_a part_n of_o annualrent_n far_o within_o a_o term_n annual_a be_v sustain_v to_o prefer_v a_o base_a infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n and_o it_o be_v also_o prefer_v because_o there_o be_v a_o decreet_a of_o poind_v of_o the_o ground_n though_o not_o put_v to_o execution_n february_n 26._o and_o 27._o 1662._o creditor_n of_o kinglassie_n competing_n and_o a_o citation_n for_o attain_v possession_n be_v find_v sufficient_a february_n 13._o 1624._o corse_n contra_fw-la july_n 2._o 1625._o raploch_n contra_fw-la tenant_n of_o lethem_n june_n 26._o 1662._o wilson_n contra_fw-la thomson_n january_n 24._o 1679._o hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la seatoun_n yea_o a_o base_a infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v prefer_v to_o a_o posterior_n base_a infeftment_n of_o property_n which_o interveen_v before_o the_o first_o term_n at_o which_o the_o annualrent_n be_v payable_a and_o clad_v with_o possession_n before_o that_o term_n so_o that_o the_o annualrenter_fw-la do_v not_o lie_v out_o of_o possession_n but_o can_v attain_v none_o july_n 26._o 1676._o captain_n alison_n contra_fw-la bailzie_n carmichael_n and_o a_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n be_v out_o of_o discontiguous_a land_n in_o several_a shire_n be_v prefer_v as_o to_o both_o tenement_n by_o get_v payment_n of_o annualrent_n from_o the_o heretor_fw-la or_o tenant_n of_o either_o tenement_n november_n 6._o 1673._o mr._n alexander_n miln_n contra_fw-la mr._n thomas_n hay_o and_o possession_n by_o a_o infeftment_n for_o corroboration_n of_o a_o annualrent_a do_v prefer_v the_o principal_a infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n have_v no_o other_o possession_n july_n 9_o 1668._o alexander_n contra_fw-la 〈◊〉_d and_o a_o infeftment_n of_o principal_a land_n and_o warrandice_n land_n be_v clad_v with_o possession_n of_o the_o principal_a land_n these_o be_v evict_v be_v find_v to_o make_v the_o infeftment_n of_o the_o warrandice_n land_n effectual_a from_o its_o date_n and_o prefer_v to_o a_o posterior_n public_a infeftment_n of_o the_o warrandice_n land_n though_o clad_v with_o long_a possession_n january_n 9_o 1666._o elizabeth_n brown_n contra_fw-la john_n scot._n yea_o base_a infeftment_n to_o wivesupon_o their_o contract_n of_o marriage_n 〈◊〉_d prefer_v to_o all_o posterior_n infeftment_n and_o the_o husband_n possession_n be_v account_v the_o wife_n possession_n though_o he_o be_v common_a author_n to_o both_o november_n 23._o 1664._o elizabeth_n nisbet_n contra_fw-la patrick_n murray_n and_o though_o the_o husband_n do_v not_o 〈◊〉_d himself_o but_o wodsetter_n derive_v right_o from_o he_o june_n 18._o 1667._o lady_n 〈◊〉_d contra_fw-la sir_n john_n strachan_n and_o where_o the_o husband_n mother_n do_v 〈◊〉_d by_o a_o liferent_a flow_v from_o the_o husband_n father_n to_o who_o 〈◊〉_d he_o be_v heir_n it_o be_v find_v sufficient_a to_o clothe_v his_o wife_n infeftment_n with_o possession_n february_n 21._o 1672._o mr._n james_n reid_n contra_fw-la countess_n of_o dundee_n but_o a_o base_a infeftment_n of_o a_o wodsett_n with_o a_o back-tack_n to_o the_o grant_a be_v not_o hold_v clad_v with_o possession_n by_o the_o granter_n possession_n as_o tacks-man_n till_o some_o further_a possession_n be_v attain_v where_o there_o be_v any_o further_a ground_n of_o suspicion_n or_o simulation_n there_o must_v be_v a_o clear_a
fall_v by_o reduction_n or_o nullity_n of_o infeftment_n or_o retour_n 20._o burgage_n fall_v not_o in_o nonentrie_n as_o to_o the_o burgh_n or_o particular_a person_n 21._o the_o effect_n of_o the_o general_a declarator_n of_o nonentry_n 22._o the_o effect_n of_o nonentrie_n after_o citation_n in_o the_o general_a declarator_n 23._o exception_n against_o nonentry_n as_o to_o the_o feu-dutie_n or_o retoured_a mail_n 24._o exception_n against_o nonentrie_n as_o to_o the_o full_a rent_n 25._o whether_o nonentrie_n after_o ward_n require_v declarator_n 26._o the_o original_a of_o relief_n 27._o the_o custom_n of_o england_n and_o france_n as_o to_o relief_n 28._o the_o quantity_n of_o relief_n with_o we_o 29._o whether_o relief_n be_v due_a during_o nonentrie_n 30._o whether_o relief_n be_v due_a when_o the_o heir_n be_v enter_v whether_o the_o fee_n be_v burden_v with_o conjunct-fee_n or_o liferent_a 31._o relief_n stop_v not_o the_o heir_n seasine_n 32._o composition_n for_o the_o entry_n of_o appryzer_n or_o adjudger_n 33._o the_o original_a of_o ward_n 34._o the_o effect_n of_o ward_n as_o to_o the_o heir_n person_n 35._o the_o effect_n of_o ward_n as_o to_o the_o fee._n 36._o the_o restriction_n of_o ward_n 37._o the_o value_n of_o the_o marriage_n of_o heir_n of_o ward-vassal_n 38._o the_o true_a interest_n of_o superior_n in_o the_o marriage_n of_o their_o vassal_n 39_o the_o single_a value_n of_o marriage_n not_o penal_a but_o favourable_a 40._o double_o value_v penal_a and_o unfavourable_a with_o the_o exception_n against_o it_o 41._o single_a value_n find_v due_a where_o the_o heir_n be_v marry_v before_o his_o predecessor_n die_v by_o precipitation_n 42._o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o single_a value_n in_o heir_n male_a or_o female_a 43._o marriage_n be_v debitum_fw-la fundi_fw-la 44._o it_o belong_v to_o the_o elder_a superior_a 45._o the_o royal_a prerogative_n prefer_v the_o king_n to_o all_o other_o as_o to_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o vassal_n 46._o marriage_n be_v due_a by_o the_o heir_n of_o appryzer_n 47._o exception_n against_o the_o value_n of_o marriage_n 48._o the_o rise_n of_o liferent-escheat_n 49._o it_o extend_v to_o all_o kind_n of_o liferent_n 50._o liferent_n of_o fee_n not_o have_v infeftment_n or_o not_o owe_v fidelity_n to_o a_o subject_a belong_v to_o the_o king_n 51._o liferent_a escheat_n of_o sub-vassal_n to_o who_o they_o belong_v 52._o liferent_a escheat_n be_v not_o exclude_v by_o voluntary_a infeftment_n after_o denunciation_n not_o be_v for_o implement_n of_o a_o special_a obligement_n to_o infeft_v before_o denunciation_n 53._o liferent_a escheat_n be_v exclude_v by_o apprize_a for_o debt_n anterior_a to_o the_o rebellion_n there_o be_v infeftment_n or_o charge_v in_o cursu_fw-la rebellionis_fw-la 54._o liferent_a esche_n it_o extend_v not_o to_o burgage_n or_o mortification_n 55._o but_o extend_v to_o minister_n stipend_n 56._o liferent_a escheat_n be_v make_v effectual_a by_o declarator_n have_v now_o show_v what_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o vassal_n in_o the_o fee_n it_o will_v be_v the_o more_o easy_a to_o find_v out_o what_o the_o superior_n right_o of_o the_o superiority_n retain_v for_o what_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o fee_n and_o be_v not_o dispone_v to_o the_o vassal_n be_v reserve_v to_o the_o superior_a and_o it_o be_v either_o constitute_v as_o belong_v to_o the_o superior_a constant_o or_o casual_o 1._o the_o constant_a right_n of_o the_o superior_a stand_v main_o in_o these_o particular_n first_o superiority_n itself_o be_v dominium_fw-la directum_fw-la as_o the_o tenentry_n be_v but_o dominium_fw-la utile_fw-la as_o before_o be_v show_v and_o therefore_o the_o superior_a must_v be_v infeft_v as_o well_o as_o the_o vassal_n and_o that_o in_o the_o land_n and_o tenement_n itself_o without_o mention_n of_o the_o superiority_n which_o follow_v but_o upon_o the_o concession_n of_o the_o fee_n in_o tenentry_n though_o sometime_o through_o the_o ignorance_n of_o writer_n infeftment_n bear_v express_o to_o be_v of_o the_o superiority_n 2._o only_o the_o sovereign_a authority_n as_o the_o common_a fountain_n of_o all_o right_n of_o the_o ground_n need_v no_o infeftment_n but_o have_v his_o right_n found_v in_o jure_fw-la communi_fw-la and_o be_v not_o feudal_n but_o allodial_a and_o when_o the_o right_a of_o land_n fall_v to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o casuality_n of_o his_o superiority_n as_o forefaulture_n recognition_n bastardy_n or_o last_o heir_n if_o the_o land_n be_v hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o king_n they_o be_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la consolidat_fw-la with_o the_o superiority_n and_o the_o declarator_n require_v thereanent_a do_v not_o constitute_v but_o declare_v the_o king_n right_o without_o prejudice_n of_o what_o be_v consume_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la but_o where_o they_o be_v not_o hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o king_n the_o right_a thereof_o be_v perfect_v by_o gift_n and_o presentation_n whereby_o the_o immediate_a superior_a be_v oblige_v to_o receive_v the_o donatar_n by_o infeftment_n like_a to_o that_o of_o his_o former_a vassal_n yet_o the_o king_n right_o by_o the_o casuality_n though_o it_o be_v not_o perfect_v be_v real_a and_o effectual_a against_o all_o singular_a successor_n whereby_o deed_n of_o treason_n and_o recognition_n be_v in_o fact_n ordinary_o prove_v by_o witness_n purchaser_n can_v be_v secure_v by_o any_o register_n and_o therefore_o must_v secure_v themselves_o by_o the_o king_n confirmation_n &_o novo_fw-la damus_fw-la but_o where_o the_o king_n succeed_v in_o any_o fee_n to_o a_o subject_a as_o to_o property_n or_o superiority_n before_o he_o can_v alienat_fw-la the_o same_o he_o must_v be_v serve_v heir_n in_o special_a thereunto_o so_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o be_v serve_v heir_n to_o queen_n ann_n his_o mother_n in_o the_o lordship_n of_o dumfermling_n in_o which_o king_n james_n infeft_v she_o in_o fee_n to_o she_o and_o her_o heir_n by_o a_o morning-gift_n the_o first_o day_n after_o his_o marriage_n with_o she_o and_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o be_v serve_v heir_n to_o charles_n duke_n of_o lennox_n in_o the_o earldom_n of_o lennox_n in_o which_o service_n the_o chancellor_n and_o fourteen_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n be_v the_o inquest_n the_o young_a lord_n be_v leave_v out_o because_o there_o can_v be_v no_o more_o but_o fifteen_o but_o the_o king_n need_v no_o infeftment_n upon_o such_o retour_n but_o if_o he_o acquire_v any_o land_n hold_v immediate_o of_o himself_o the_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n must_v be_v registrat_n and_o if_o hold_v of_o a_o subject_a there_o arise_v no_o real_a right_n to_o a_o donatar_a till_o he_o be_v infeft_v upon_o the_o king_n presentation_n and_o his_o seasine_a registrat_n by_o both_o which_o the_o certainty_n of_o land-rights_a be_v preserve_v 3._o second_o superiority_n carry_v a_o right_a to_o all_o action_n follow_v the_o land_n against_o any_o other_o than_o the_o vassal_n for_o see_v superior_n be_v infeft_v in_o the_o land_n they_o can_v only_o be_v repel_v from_o such_o action_n by_o the_o right_n grant_v to_o their_o vassal_n but_o by_o no_o other_o and_o so_o may_v remove_v possessor_n who_o can_v show_v no_o right_n this_o be_v find_v though_o the_o superior_n infeftment_n bear_v he_o only_o to_o be_v infeft_v in_o the_o superiority_n of_o the_o land_n november_n 19_o 1624._o lag_a contra_fw-la his_o tenant_n 4._o if_o a_o superior_a become_v fire_n by_o succession_n or_o acquisition_n for_o establish_v the_o property_n in_o his_o person_n he_o may_v either_o be_v infeft_v upon_o his_o own_o precept_n or_o the_o king_n november_n 26._o 1668._o daughter_n of_o mr._n robert_n mortoun_n 5._o but_o a_o superior_a can_v interpose_v betwixt_o himself_o and_o his_o vassal_n by_o infeft_v another_o in_o the_o land_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o himself_o such_o infeftment_n be_v find_v null_a by_o exception_n january_n 30._o 1671._o dowglas_n of_o kelhead_n contra_fw-la vassal_n superior_n must_v receive_v and_o infeft_v their_o sub-vassal_n upon_o the_o refusal_n or_o incapacity_n of_o the_o vassal_n and_o may_v at_o any_o time_n after_o receive_v the_o immediate_a vassal_n or_o his_o successor_n or_o another_o if_o the_o immediate_a vassal_n right_o be_v extinct_a or_o acquire_v by_o the_o superior_a which_o be_v no_o unwarrantable_a interposition_n which_o be_v repel_v as_o contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o feudal_n contract_n and_o right_o it_o be_v inconsistent_a that_o the_o superior_a shall_v both_o give_v his_o superiority_n to_o another_o and_o claim_v it_o himself_o dans_fw-fr &_o retinens_fw-la nihil_fw-la that_fw-mi and_o if_o that_o be_v allow_v interpose_a vassal_n may_v be_v infinite_o multiply_v november_n 26._o 1672._o earl_n of_o argyle_n contra_fw-la mcleod_n in_o which_o case_n the_o late_a marquis_n of_o argyle_n be_v forefault_n mcleod_n who_o be_v argyles_n vassal_n be_v retour_v and_o infeft_v in_o the_o land_n as_o hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o king_n which_o do_v not_o hinder_v the_o king_n to_o interpose_v this_o
contra_fw-la strang._n the_o like_a feb._n 5._o 1623._o mark_v ker_n con_v scot_n of_o hartwoodmire_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o a_o annualrent_a because_o it_o have_v no_o retour_fw-fr distinct_a but_o it_o retour_v quod_fw-la valetseipsum_fw-la therefore_o if_o it_o be_v in_o nonentry_n it_o be_v carry_v by_o the_o general_a declarator_n and_o the_o nonentry_n be_v find_v to_o carry_v the_o whole_a profit_n of_o the_o annualrent_a by_o exception_n in_o a_o poind_n of_o the_o ground_n without_o any_o declarator_n march_v 23._o 1631._o somervel_n con_fw-mi somervel_v of_o drum_n yea_o though_o the_o annualrent_n be_v due_a by_o the_o superior_n consent_n yet_o it_o fall_v in_o nonentry_n though_o it_o be_v due_a still_o personal_o by_o the_o personal_a obligement_n where_o there_o be_v any_o in_o this_o declarator_n the_o superior_a produce_v his_o infeftment_n need_v not_o instruct_v the_o defender_n his_o vassal_n and_o though_o the_o land_n in_o question_n be_v not_o express_o in_o the_o superior_n infeftment_n but_o claim_v by_o he_o as_o part_v and_o pertinent_a he_o need_v not_o instruct_v the_o same_o to_o be_v so_o unless_o the_o vassal_n disclaim_v he_o as_o superior_a in_o that_o part_n spot_n nonentry_n lord_n yester_n con_v his_o vassal_n neither_o need_v he_o instruct_v that_o the_o land_n be_v void_a since_o the_o time_n libel_v because_o that_o be_v a_o negative_a and_o prove_v itself_o unless_o the_o vassal_n instruct_v that_o it_o be_v full_a the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o general_a declarator_n be_v not_o personal_a against_o the_o vassal_n to_o pay_v the_o 〈◊〉_d mails_n etc._n etc._n but_o be_v real_a against_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o tenement_n for_o grant_v letter_n to_o poynd_a and_o apprise_n and_o so_o the_o call_n of_o a_o appearand_a heir_n be_v sufficient_a spot_n escheat_n balmiranoch_n contra_fw-la his_o vassal_n but_o if_o the_o appearand_a heir_n be_v not_o call_v but_o a_o person_n notour_o know_v to_o have_v no_o relation_n it_o be_v a_o relevant_a defence_n competent_a to_o any_o party_n call_v though_o derive_v no_o right_a from_o that_o defunct_a nicol._n nonentry_n sir_n mungo_n murruy_n 22._o and_o though_o craig_n insinuate_v that_o the_o action_n be_v real_a and_o the_o ground_n may_v be_v poynd_v for_o the_o whole_a duty_n yet_o posterior_n decision_n have_v upon_o good_a ground_n clear_v that_o as_o to_o these_o the_o superior_a be_v but_o as_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o as_o he_o be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o ward_n and_o therefore_o the_o ground_n can_v be_v poynd_v neither_o be_v any_o liable_a but_o the_o intrometter_n with_o the_o fruit_n spot_n nonentry_n grace_n contra_fw-la murray_n without_o this_o declarator_n of_o nonentry_n the_o superior_a or_o his_o donatar_n can_v enter_v in_o possession_n of_o this_o void_a fie_o and_o though_o he_o possess_v he_o be_v comptable_a to_o the_o vassal_n for_o the_o mail_n and_o duty_n hope_v nonentry_n john_n brown_n contra_fw-la mcculloch_n of_o barholme_n febr._n 3._o 1631._o thomas_n ogilvy_n contra_fw-la murray_n of_o halmyro_n but_o after_o declarator_n of_o nonentry_n be_v obtain_v the_o superior_a may_v enter_v in_o possession_n any_o lawful_a way_n he_o please_v and_o may_v dispose_v of_o the_o fruit_n and_o profit_n of_o the_o tenement_n by_o himself_o or_o his_o donatar_n and_o as_o the_o proprietar_n may_v out-put_a and_o in-put_a tenant_n therein_o and_o have_v the_o full_a profit_n and_o duty_n thereof_o which_o may_v be_v pursue_v as_o other_o ordinary_a action_n though_o it_o use_v to_o to_o be_v pursue_v under_o the_o name_n of_o special_a declarator_n which_o take_v effect_n from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o summons_n whereupon_o the_o general_a declarator_n proceed_v because_o the_o decreet_a of_o general_n declarator_n be_v only_o for_o the_o bygone_a mail_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o therefore_o reach_v not_o after_o the_o date_n of_o the_o summons_n after_o which_o the_o whole_a mail_n and_o duty_n be_v due_a not_o only_o in_o ward_n holding_n and_o blench_v but_o also_o in_o fews_n as_o it_o be_v find_v that_o before_o general_a declarator_n the_o few-duty_n be_v only_o due_a so_o that_o after_o general_a declarator_n the_o whole_a profit_n july_n 19_o 1631._o earl_n of_o kinghorn_n contra_fw-la george_n strang_n julie_n 25._o 1667._o mr._n john_n harper_n contra_fw-la his_o vassal_n julie_n 11._o 1672._o robert_n fa_fw-it contra_fw-la lord_n balmiranoch_n and_o laird_n of_o powrie_n 23._o nonentry_n be_v exclude_v first_o by_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o vassal_n and_o his_o infeftment_n during_o the_o time_n thereof_o even_o though_o the_o same_o be_v grant_v by_o he_o who_o be_v superior_a after_o his_o predecessor_n be_v denude_v four_o age_n before_o which_o must_v be_v in_o respect_n the_o new_a superior_n right_n be_v not_o know_v as_o neither_o be_v registrat_n nor_o any_o intimation_n nor_o action_n thereupon_o hope_n nonentry_n john_n arthur_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o blebo_n and_o if_o the_o vasal_n be_v infeft_v upon_o a_o charter_n from_o his_o predecessor_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o superior_a if_o the_o superior_a confirm_v it_o the_o infeftment_n be_v valid_a and_o exclude_v the_o nonentry_n from_o the_o date_n thereof_o and_o not_o from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o confirmation_n be_v simple_a hope_v nonentry_n bartoun_n and_o harvie_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o delspro_n 2._o nonentry_n be_v exclude_v by_o feus_n terce_n of_o relic_n liferent_n of_o husband_n survive_v their_o wife_n by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o scotland_n these_o be_v effectual_a by_o law_n and_o be_v introduce_v without_o the_o superior_n consent_n it_o be_v exclude_v also_o by_o his_o express_a consent_n by_o liferent_n or_o conjunct_a infeftment_n hold_v of_o he_o though_o the_o vassal_n may_v enter_v to_o the_o fee_n yet_o the_o liferent_a exclude_v the_o profit_n and_o therefore_o during_o the_o simple_a liferent_a the_o superior_a can_v obtain_v declarator_n of_o nonentry_n 3._o by_o the_o superior_n con_v ent_a it_o be_v also_o exclude_v by_o precept_n of_o clare_v constat_fw-la which_o acknowledge_v the_o person_n who_o die_v last_o vest_n and_o seize_v as_o of_o fie_o during_o who_o time_n the_o nonentry_n can_v be_v claim_v and_o likewise_o by_o receive_v the_o vassal_n with_o a_o novo_fw-la damus_fw-la renounce_v express_o nonentry_n if_o it_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o superior_a before_o the_o right_n be_v transmit_v from_o he_o to_o the_o donatar_n 5._o it_o be_v exclude_v by_o the_o superior_n tacit_a or_o presume_a consent_n by_o grant_v subsequent_a infeftment_n for_o the_o space_n of_o 40._o year_n march_z 19_o 1629._o earl_n of_o angus_z and_o dowglas_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o annandale_n june_n 29._o 1629._o sir_n mungo_n murray_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o inchmartine_n hope_n nonentry_n john_n artâ—â—r_fw-fr contra_fw-la laird_n of_o blebo_n for_o thereby_o it_o be_v presume_v that_o the_o nonentry_n be_v relinquish_v not_o be_v claim_v nor_o reserve_v all_o that_o time_n which_o craig_n observe_v to_o have_v be_v find_v upon_o infeftment_n continue_v by_o the_o space_n of_o 36._o year_n but_o the_o best_a term_n as_o be_v ordinary_a and_o know_v in_o law_n be_v 40._o year_n and_o this_o be_v not_o by_o reason_n of_o prescription_n which_o will_v only_o cut_v off_o profit_n of_o nonentry_n precede_v the_o 40._o year_n but_o this_o will_v take_v it_o away_o during_o and_o after_o the_o 40._o year_n the_o like_a be_v very_o rational_o observe_v by_o craig_n to_o be_v infer_v by_o three_o subsequent_a seasine_n have_v the_o same_o presumption_n as_o three_o subsequent_a discharge_v have_v to_o infer_v exoneration_n of_o all_o bygone_n but_o these_o must_v be_v of_o three_o subsequent_a heir_n and_o not_o by_o receive_v three_o singular_a successor_n the_o nonentry_n return_v to_o the_o vassal_n or_o his_o heir_n they_o can_v make_v use_n of_o it_o against_o the_o subvassal_n especial_o if_o they_o be_v liable_a to_o warrant_v the_o subvassal_n as_o to_o nonentry_n or_o by_o absolute_a warrandice_n general_o for_o thereby_o the_o right_n to_o the_o nonentry_n be_v jus_o superveniens_fw-la authori_fw-la accrescens_fw-la successori_fw-la but_o the_o subvassal_n must_v pay_v their_o proportion_n of_o expense_n for_o the_o gift_n but_o nonentry_n be_v not_o exclude_v because_o it_o be_v gift_v to_o the_o appearand_a heir_n of_o a_o superior_a of_o a_o subvassal_n which_o superior_a be_v obliedge_v in_o warrandice_n to_o his_o subvassal_n see_v he_o be_v not_o heir_n spot_n nonentry_n the_o like_a though_o the_o appearand_a heir_n consent_v to_o the_o subvassal_n before_o the_o gift_n laird_n of_o craichlaw_n contra_fw-la gordown_n of_o barnernie_n and_o mackie_n neither_o be_v it_o exclude_v by_o any_o base_a infeftment_n not_o be_v feu_n though_o confirm_v by_o the_o superior_a if_o it_o hold_v not_o of_o the_o superior_a for_o such_o confirmation_n import_v only_o a_o pass_n from_o recognition_n as_o be_v show_v in_o the_o last_o title_n concern_v confirmation_n but_o fews_n
hereafter_o teind_n also_o must_v come_v in_o as_o servitude_n though_o they_o be_v account_v a_o distinct_a right_n 1._o the_o roman_a law_n divide_v personal_a servitude_n into_o usufruct_v use_v and_o habitation_n usufruct_v be_v the_o power_n of_o disposal_n of_o the_o use_n and_o fruit_n save_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o thing_n which_o if_o it_o be_v restrain_v to_o these_o person_n and_o their_o proper_a use_n without_o make_v profit_n or_o dispone_v to_o other_o it_o be_v call_v the_o use_n and_o because_o of_o some_o special_a consideration_n in_o the_o law_n of_o that_o use_n of_o house_n habitation_n be_v a_o distinct_a servitude_n from_o other_o use_n 2._o all_o servitude_n with_o we_o come_v under_o some_o of_o the_o kind_n before_o name_v personal_a servitude_n be_v either_o constitute_v by_o the_o deed_n of_o man_n or_o by_o the_o law_n which_o provide_v a_o competent_a portion_n to_o either_o of_o the_o survive_a spouse_n out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o tenement_n of_o the_o other_o during_o the_o surviver_n life_n as_o if_o the_o wife_n survive_v she_o have_v the_o three_o of_o her_o husband_n tenement_n and_o if_o the_o husband_n survive_v he_o have_v the_o liferent_a of_o the_o wife_n whole_a tenement_n and_o that_o provisione_n legis_fw-la alone_a but_o other_o liferent_n constitute_v for_o survive_a spouse_n or_o otherways_o be_v provisione_n hominis_fw-la so_o may_v the_o terce_n or_o liferent_a by_o courtesy_n be_v provide_v and_o some_o thing_n alter_v from_o the_o course_n of_o law_n but_o often_o liferent_n be_v constitute_v by_o conjunctfee_n and_o most_o ordinary_o otherways_o which_o therefore_o retain_v the_o common_a name_n of_o liferent_n appropriate_v thereto_o and_o distinct_a from_o conjunctfee_n 3._o liferent_n be_v sometime_o provide_v particular_o and_o sometime_o general_o for_o the_o whole_a or_o such_o a_o share_n of_o the_o conquest_n during_o the_o marriage_n which_o though_o not_o fulfil_v by_o the_o husband_n in_o his_o life_n be_v effectual_a against_o his_o heir_n and_o be_v not_o account_v a_o fraudulent_a provision_n though_o it_o be_v the_o whole_a conquest_n even_o among_o merchant_n yea_o it_o be_v find_v effectual_a for_o recover_v the_o rent_n of_o the_o conquest_n land_n without_o infeftment_n against_o the_o husband_n heir_n in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o relict_n of_o johnstoun_n merchant_n in_o glasgow_n and_o where_o a_o husband_n purchase_v land_n in_o favour_n of_o his_o elder_a son_n be_v then_o a_o infant_n and_o not_o to_o himself_o yet_o his_o relict_n be_v find_v to_o have_v right_o to_o her_o liferent_a thereof_o as_o be_v a_o fraudulent_a deed_n in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o obligement_n of_o conquest_n july_n 3._o 1627._o countess_z of_o dumfermling_n contra_fw-la the_o earl_n of_o dumfermling_n her_o son_n but_o these_o provision_n of_o conquest_n do_v not_o hinder_v the_o husband_n acquirer_n to_o denude_v himself_o wlthout_n fraud_n for_o any_o onerous_a or_o just_a cause_n as_o sell_v for_o a_o price_n or_o dispone_v to_o child_n whether_o it_o be_v the_o appearand_a heir_n by_o ordinary_a term_n of_o contract_n of_o marriage_n to_o young_a child_n or_o to_o wife_n of_o subsequent_a marriage_n june_n 16._o 1676._o katharin_n mitchel_n contra_fw-la the_o child_n of_o thomas_n litlejohn_n and_o such_o a_o clause_n be_v of_o all_o sum_n acquire_v during_o a_o second_o marriage_n be_v find_v to_o annul_v a_o universal_a legacy_n to_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n but_o not_o to_o annul_v competent_a provision_n to_o the_o bairn_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n june_n 19_o 1677._o murrays_n contra_fw-la murrays_n the_o like_a january_n 3._o 1679._o mr._n alexander_n gibson_n contra_fw-la elizabeth_n thomson_n yea_o a_o clause_n provide_v the_o present_a stock_n and_o all_o the_o conquest_n to_o the_o bairn_n of_o the_o marriage_n whilk_n fail_v the_o one_o half_a to_o the_o man_n heir_n the_o other_o to_o the_o wife_n heir_n be_v find_v to_o make_v the_o man_n fire_n and_o not_o to_o hinder_v he_o to_o provide_v his_o whole_a mean_n which_o be_v very_o great_a to_o his_o bairn_n of_o a_o subsequent_a marriage_n there_o be_v no_o bairn_n survive_v of_o the_o former_a marriage_n december_n 1._o and_o 21._o 1680._o alexander_n anderson_n contra_fw-la andrew_n bruce_n but_o as_o to_o such_o clause_n conquest_n be_v only_o understand_v where_o the_o husband_n acquire_v more_o than_o he_o have_v the_o time_n of_o the_o clause_n but_o not_o when_o he_o sell_v some_o land_n and_o acquire_v other_o of_o no_o great_a value_n june_n 27._o 1676._o earl_n of_o dumfermling_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o callender_n yea_o a_o clause_n of_o conquest_n in_o a_o wife_n contract_n of_o marriage_n who_o be_v otherways_o sufficient_o provide_v be_v find_v to_o be_v with_o the_o burden_n of_o the_o annualrent_a of_o a_o sum_n which_o the_o husband_n declare_v under_o his_o hand_n to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o price_n of_o the_o land_n acquire_v remain_v due_a to_o the_o seller_n decem._n 20._o 1665._o lady_n kilbocho_fw-es contra_fw-la laird_n of_o kilbocho_fw-es 4._o this_o be_v common_a to_o all_o kind_n of_o liferent_n and_o involve_v in_o the_o nature_n thereof_o that_o they_o must_v be_v salva_fw-la rei_fw-la substantia_fw-la which_o by_o statute_n be_v especial_o extend_v to_o conjunctfiar_n and_o liferenter_n that_o they_o must_v be_v countable_a and_o find_v surety_n not_o to_o waste_v or_o destroy_v the_o biggings_n orchard_n wood_n stank_n park_n meadow_n or_o dovecoat_n but_o that_o they_o hold_v they_o in_o such_o like_a kind_n as_o they_o receive_v they_o par._n 1491._o cap._n 25._o which_o be_v confirm_v and_o declare_v to_o proceed_v upon_o twenty_o one_o day_n by_o sheriff_n baily_n of_o burgh_n or_o regality_n under_o pain_n of_o confiscation_n of_o the_o liferent-right_a to_o the_o king_n use_n parliament_n 1535._o cap._n 14._o and_o though_o the_o narrative_a of_o the_o statute_n express_v conjunctfiar_n and_o liferenter_n give_v caution_n as_o be_v most_o ordinary_a by_o provision_n of_o man_n yet_o the_o statutory_a part_n be_v general_a at_o least_o may_v be_v extend_v to_o terce_n and_o liferent_n by_o the_o courtesy_n so_o a_o liferenter_fw-la be_v charge_v summary_o to_o uphold_v the_o 〈◊〉_d liferent_v and_o to_o leave_v it_o in_o as_o good_a case_n as_o she_o find_v it_o without_o precognition_n how_o it_o be_v the_o time_n of_o her_o entry_n march_v 28._o 1626._o george_n foulis_n contra_fw-la isobel_n allan_n by_o act_n of_o parl._n 1594._o cap._n 226._o anent_o ruinous_a tenement_n within_o burgh_n which_o be_v cognosce_v by_o a_o in_o quest_n to_o be_v ruinous_a as_o become_v or_o which_o may_v become_v within_o a_o short_a time_n uninhabitable_a the_o same_o must_v be_v repair_v by_o the_o liferenter_fw-la or_o the_o fire_n may_v enter_v in_o possession_n find_v caution_n within_o the_o burgh_n to_o pay_v the_o liferenter_fw-la the_o mail_n thereof_o as_o the_o examine_v give_v or_o may_v give_v the_o time_n of_o the_o precognition_n but_o this_o act_n be_v not_o find_v to_o derogat_n from_o the_o former_a act_n nor_o that_o precognition_n be_v requisite_a before_o find_v caution_n except_o in_o tenement_n within_o burgh_n decay_v before_o the_o liferenters_n entry_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o foresay_a case_n george_n foulis_n contra_fw-la isobel_n allan_n neither_o be_v the_o liferenter_fw-la free_v from_o caution_n upon_o her_o offer_n to_o quit_v the_o possession_n to_o the_o heretor_fw-la for_o pay_v of_o the_o rent_n the_o tenement_n not_o be_v ruinous_a at_o her_o entry_n 5._o it_o be_v also_o common_a to_o liferent_n and_o conjunctfee_n that_o the_o liferent-right_a be_v liable_a with_o the_o superior_a of_o ward-land_n or_o his_o donatar_n for_o a_o aliment_n to_o the_o heir_n to_o be_v modify_v by_o the_o lord_n proportional_o according_a to_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o land_n in_o ward_n and_o liferent_a by_o the_o say_a statute_n 1491._o cap._n 23._o vide_fw-la tit._n heir_n §_o 3._o 6._o liferent_n be_v either_o constitute_v by_o way_n of_o reservation_n in_o infeftment_n of_o property_n or_o otherways_o by_o a_o several_a infeftment_n but_o it_o can_v become_v a_o real_a right_n and_o be_v effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n without_o infeftment_n though_o most_o servitude_n may_v be_v constitute_v by_o disposition_n and_o possession_n 7._o yea_o though_o liferent_n be_v constitute_v by_o infeftment_n may_v be_v convey_v by_o assignation_n because_o there_o can_v be_v no_o subaltern_n or_o renew_a infeftment_n of_o a_o liferent_a which_o be_v only_o personal_a to_o the_o liferenter_fw-la and_o the_o right_o be_v incommunicable_a yet_o the_o fruit_n and_o profit_n arise_v thence_o be_v communicable_a and_o assignable_a 8._o it_o be_v also_o common_a to_o liferent_n that_o nothing_o do_v after_o their_o infeftment_n by_o the_o constituent_a or_o his_o singular_a successor_n can_v prejudge_v the_o liferenter_fw-la and_o so_o a_o appryzer_n from_o the_o husband_n be_v
receive_v he_o 12._o terce_n be_v the_o three_o of_o the_o tenement_n in_o which_o the_o husband_n die_v infeft_v as_o of_o fee_n provide_v to_o his_o wife_n survive_v by_o law_n or_o custom_n though_o there_o be_v no_o provision_n or_o paction_n for_o that_o purpose_n the_o original_n hereof_o as_o have_v be_v show_v before_o among_o the_o interest_n of_o marriage_n be_v from_o that_o obligation_n upon_o the_o husband_n to_o provide_v for_o his_o wife_n which_o therefore_o positive_a law_n have_v determine_v to_o a_o three_o of_o his_o movable_n if_o there_o be_v child_n in_o the_o family_n and_o if_o there_o be_v none_o to_o a_o half_a but_o in_o either_o case_n she_o have_v a_o three_o of_o his_o tenement_n and_o though_o as_o craig_n observe_v by_o our_o ancient_a custom_n terce_n extend_v only_o to_o a_o three_o of_o the_o tenement_n a_o husband_n have_v the_o time_n of_o the_o marriage_n yet_o since_o it_o extend_v to_o a_o three_o of_o those_o he_o stand_v infeft_v in_o as_o of_o fee_n the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n and_o so_o when_o he_o be_v denude_v before_o his_o death_n the_o terce_n be_v exclude_v yea_o a_o base_a infeftment_n without_o possession_n grant_v by_o a_o husband_n to_o his_o creditor_n be_v find_v to_o exclude_v his_o wife_n from_o a_o terce_n of_o that_o land_n january_n 27._o 1669._o bell_n of_o belford_n contra_fw-la lady_n rutherford_n this_o provision_n of_o law_n be_v more_o equitable_a and_o proportionable_a then_o ordinary_o be_v their_o provision_n by_o contract_n of_o the_o husband_n who_o be_v carry_v with_o affection_n do_v ofttimes_o provide_v his_o wife_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o their_o child_n and_o ruin_n of_o their_o estate_n which_o this_o terce_n keep_v always_o proportionable_a and_o make_v the_o wife_n sharer_n of_o the_o industry_n and_o fortune_n of_o the_o man_n and_o therefore_o more_o careful_a over_o it_o and_o upon_o the_o contrary_a give_v out_o but_o small_a provision_n to_o their_o wife_n at_o their_o marriage_n when_o ofttimes_o they_o do_v but_o begin_v to_o have_v estate_n which_o they_o increase_v not_o according_a to_o the_o increase_n of_o their_o fortune_n but_o the_o law_n do_v more_o fit_o order_v the_o wife_n provision_n to_o be_v increase_v or_o decrease_v according_a to_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o man_n 13._o the_o terce_n take_v place_n ordinary_o where_o the_o husband_n die_v infeft_v as_o of_o fee_n and_o it_o have_v no_o effect_n till_o the_o widow_n take_v brieve_v out_o of_o the_o chancelery_n direct_v to_o sheriff_n or_o baily_n to_o call_v a_o inquest_n of_o fifteen_o swear_a man_n and_o thereby_o to_o serve_v the_o brieve_n which_o have_v two_o head_n the_o one_o that_o the_o bearer_n be_v lawful_a wife_n to_o the_o defunct_a the_o other_o that_o he_o die_v in_o fee_n of_o such_o tenemnt_n this_o be_v a_o pleadable_a brieve_n and_o have_v no_o retour_fw-fr but_o service_n alone_o be_v sufficient_a enough_o to_o give_v the_o wife_n interest_n that_o other_o liferenter_n have_v it_o be_v special_o statute_n that_o where_o the_o marriage_n be_v not_o question_v in_o the_o husband_n life_n and_o the_o widow_n be_v hold_v and_o repute_v his_o lawful_a wife_n in_o his_o time_n no_o exception_n in_o the_o contrary_n shall_v be_v sustain_v in_o the_o service_n of_o the_o brieve_n but_o she_o shall_v be_v serve_v and_o enjoy_v the_o terce_n till_o it_o be_v declare_v in_o a_o petitory_a judgement_n that_o she_o be_v not_o lawful_a wife_n par._n 1503._o cap._n 77._o 14._o the_o brieve_v be_v thus_o serve_v the_o sheriff_n or_o bailiff_n must_v also_o if_o it_o be_v demand_v ken_v the_o relict_n to_o her_o terce_n which_o be_v ordinary_o do_v by_o the_o sun_n or_o the_o shade_n that_o be_v whether_o the_o division_n shall_v begin_v at_o the_o east_n or_o the_o west_n and_o so_o the_o division_n of_o the_o tenement_n proceed_v by_o aikers_n two_o befalling_a to_o the_o heir_n and_o one_o to_o the_o relict_n wherein_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v march_n set_v and_o instrument_n take_v thereupon_o which_o be_v as_o a_o seasine_a but_o this_o division_n be_v most_o inconvenient_a except_o the_o whole_a interest_n be_v use_v to_o be_v set_v in_o aikerdale_n it_o be_v not_o exclusive_a of_o other_o division_n by_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o land_n or_o the_o rent_n so_o many_o room_n be_v design_v for_o the_o tercer_n the_o rest_n remain_v for_o the_o fire_n this_o way_n of_o ken_n will_v be_v valid_a and_o much_o better_a but_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o divide_v at_o serve_v the_o brieve_n to_o constitute_v the_o terce_n for_o the_o service_n give_v sufficient_a title_n to_o the_o three_o of_o the_o mail_n and_o duty_n of_o every_o room_n march_v 5._o 1632._o relic_n of_o veatch_n of_o dawick_n contra_fw-la 15._o but_o that_o thereby_o she_o can_v remove_v possessor_n be_v because_o she_o brook_v the_o terce_n pro_fw-la indiviso_fw-la with_o the_o heir_n till_o it_o be_v be_v kenned_a or_o otherways_o divide_v and_o the_o terce_n be_v serve_v give_v right_o not_o only_o to_o the_o year_n thereafter_o but_o precede_v since_o the_o husband_n death_n november_n 20._o 1624._o tenant_n contra_fw-la crawford_n and_o fleming_n and_o so_o the_o tercer_n may_v pursue_v the_o heretor_fw-la or_o other_o intromettor_n for_o all_o by-gones_a of_o the_o three_o of_o the_o duty_n not_o as_o they_o be_v at_o the_o husband_n death_n but_o as_o they_o be_v better_v by_o the_o fire_n feb._n 13._o 1628._o countess_z of_o dumfermling_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o dumfermling_n and_o that_o without_o deduction_n of_o factor-fee_n march_v 27._o 1634._o inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la the_o tercer_n be_v serve_v have_v interest_n to_o pursue_v for_o commission_n to_o cognosce_fw-la pasturage_n land_n what_o soum_n they_o may_v hold_v that_o she_o may_v have_v the_o three_o soum_n or_o else_o to_o divide_v january_n 18._o 1628._o contra_fw-la mackenzie_n the_o division_n of_o the_o terce_n from_o the_o two_o three_o may_v be_v in_o the_o most_o convenient_a way_n wherein_o all_o dwelling-house_n or_o kiln_n and_o barn_n and_o other_o house_n for_o service_n will_v come_v in_o as_o they_o may_v be_v most_o convenient_o divide_v this_o be_v the_o most_o ordinary_a way_n of_o terce_n by_o service_n as_o say_v be_v when_o the_o husband_n die_v infeft_v in_o fee_n 16._o terce_n take_v place_n not_o only_o in_o land_n but_o also_o in_o annualrent_n wherein_o the_o husband_n die_v infeft_v as_o of_o fee_n novemb_n 30._o 1627._o tenant_n of_o easthouses_n contra_fw-la hepburn_n but_o not_o to_o the_o terce_n of_o annualrent_n of_o band_n whereupon_o no_o infeftment_n follow_v june_n 24._o 1663._o elizabeth_n scrimzeour_n contra_fw-la murrays_n it_o be_v also_o extend_v to_o infeftment_n of_o teind_n feb._n 13._o 1628._o countess_z of_o dumfermling_n contra_fw-la earl_n of_o dumfermling_n but_o it_o be_v not_o extend_v to_o tenement_n or_o land_n within_o burgh_n or_o hold_v burgage_n neither_o to_o superiority_n or_o feu-duty_n or_o other_o casualty_n thereof_o nor_o to_o tack_n ibidem_fw-la neither_o to_o patronage_n or_o advocation_n of_o kirk_n neither_o do_v terce_n extend_v to_o reversion_n if_o the_o fire_n who_o land_n be_v liable_a to_o a_o terce_n die_v and_o his_o wife_n have_v right_a to_o another_o terce_n which_o be_v call_v the_o lesser_a terce_n though_o the_o husband_n die_v infeft_v as_o of_o fee_n of_o the_o whole_a tenement_n she_o have_v not_o a_o three_o of_o the_o whole_a but_o a_o three_o of_o these_o two_o three_o which_o be_v unaffected_a with_o the_o great_a terce_n till_o the_o former_a tercers_n death_n craig_n lib._n 2._o diege_n 22._o propose_v two_o case_n in_o which_o the_o relict_n will_v have_v a_o terce_n though_o the_o husband_n die_v not_o infeft_v as_o of_o fee_n the_o first_o be_v if_o the_o husband_n infeft_v his_o appearand_a heir_n in_o his_o estate_n if_o there_o be_v no_o liferent_a provide_v to_o his_o wife_n by_o a_o contract_n in_o that_o case_n the_o relict_n will_v have_v a_o terce_n which_o be_v most_o just_a albeit_o it_o will_v not_o proceed_v summary_o by_o a_o brieve_n which_o bear_v only_o warrant_v for_o a_o terce_n of_o the_o tenement_n in_o which_o the_o husband_n die_v infeft_v as_o of_o fee_n but_o it_o may_v proceed_v by_o reduction_n or_o declarator_n and_o will_v not_o only_o have_v effect_n against_o the_o appearand_a heir_n but_o against_o any_o gratuitous_a disposition_n reserve_v the_o husband_n own_o liferent_a for_o such_o deed_n will_v be_v find_v fraudulent_a and_o contrary_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o obligation_n of_o husband_n to_o provide_v their_o wife_n unless_o there_o remain_v tenement_n out_o of_o which_o a_o reasonable_a terce_n may_v remain_v to_o the_o relict_n according_a to_o her_o quality_n the_o other_o case_n be_v when_o a_o father_n by_o his_o son_n contract_v of_o marriage_n be_v oblige_v to_o infeft_a his_o son_n
in_o fee_n in_o certain_a land_n if_o the_o son_n relict_n be_v no_o otherways_o provide_v she_o may_v claim_v a_o terce_n of_o these_o land_n though_o the_o father_n do_v not_o perform_v his_o obligement_n which_o may_v be_v construe_v as_o fraudulent_a and_o in_o her_o prejudice_n 17._o terce_n be_v exclude_v by_o all_o way_n whereby_o the_o marriage_n be_v dissolve_v upon_o adultery_n or_o desertion_n or_o by_o the_o death_n of_o either_o party_n within_o year_n and_o day_n without_o child_n or_o may_v be_v find_v null_n of_o which_o former_o among_o conjugal_a interest_n tit._n 4._o and_o also_o by_o whatsoever_o way_n the_o husband_n be_v sine_fw-la frande_v divest_v the_o terce_n be_v exclude_v as_o by_o a_o crime_n infer_v forefaulture_n or_o recognition_n by_o the_o husband_n or_o his_o superior_a though_o not_o declare_v before_o his_o death_n or_o by_o the_o ward_n and_o nonentry_n of_o his_o immediate_a superior_a there_o be_v one_o decision_n observe_v by_o spotswood_n and_o hope_n betwixt_o the_o relict_n of_o john_n cranstoun_n and_o crichtonn_n that_o a_o apprise_n without_o infeftment_n do_v exclude_v a_o relict_n from_o her_o terce_n it_o be_v hard_a to_o sustain_v that_o in_o all_o case_n even_o though_o there_o be_v a_o charge_n against_o the_o superior_a upon_o the_o apprise_n which_o as_o it_o will_v not_o exclude_v the_o superior_a from_o the_o ward_n nonentry_n or_o relief_n so_o neither_o shall_v it_o exclude_v a_o relict_n from_o her_o terce_n unless_o she_o have_v a_o conjunct-fee_n or_o life-rent_a by_o consent_n equivalent_a to_o a_o tertia_fw-la rationabilis_fw-la and_o though_o our_o custom_n have_v far_o debord_v from_o the_o ancient_a design_n of_o terce_n whereby_o a_o reasonable_a terce_n be_v appoint_v and_o if_o any_o voluntary_a liferent_a be_v grant_v craig_n observe_v that_o it_o be_v ever_o understand_v to_o be_v no_o more_o but_o for_o clear_v and_o secure_v the_o tercer_n against_o the_o trouble_n and_o difficulty_n of_o recover_a possession_n by_o a_o service_n and_o therefore_o be_v always_o retrench_v unto_o the_o terce_n yet_o now_o not_o only_o real_a voluntary_a provision_n be_v sustain_v though_o of_o the_o husband_n whole_a estate_n and_o conquest_n albeit_o grant_v in_o aestu_fw-la amoris_fw-la with_o this_o temperament_n only_o that_o if_o the_o heir_n have_v no_o other_o estate_n the_o liferenter_fw-la mus_fw-la entertain_v and_o educat_fw-la he_o according_a to_o his_o quality_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v more_o extensive_a than_o a_o simple_a aliment_n but_o she_o be_v also_o liable_a super_fw-la jure_fw-la naturae_fw-la to_o aliment_v she_o other_o child_n if_o they_o have_v no_o provision_n but_o custom_n have_v so_o far_o proceed_v as_o not_o only_o to_o allow_v voluntary_a provision_n how_o great_a soever_o but_o therewith_o to_o add_v a_o terce_n of_o any_o other_o distinct_a tenement_n unless_o the_o voluntary_a liferent_a be_v accept_v in_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o terce_n which_o indeed_o be_v reasonable_a in_o many_o case_n the_o voluntary_a liferent_a be_v ofttimes_o small_a and_o suitable_a to_o the_o estate_n the_o party_n have_v when_o they_o marry_o but_o can_v make_v a_o rationabilis_fw-la tertia_fw-la if_o by_o conquest_n their_o estate_n shall_v grow_v great_a neither_o be_v it_o reasonable_a that_o though_o the_o voluntary_a provision_n be_v never_o so_o great_a that_o a_o terce_n shall_v be_v give_v though_o little_o remain_v to_o the_o heir_n only_o because_o by_o ignorance_n or_o negligence_n the_o clause_n in_o satisfaction_n be_v not_o adject_v which_o satisfaction_n may_v not_o only_o be_v prove_v by_o write_n but_o by_o presumption_n from_o the_o design_n of_o party_n in_o the_o contract_n of_o marriage_n which_o be_v uberrimae_fw-la fidei_fw-la for_o suppose_v which_o be_v ordinary_a enough_o that_o a_o liferent_a of_o land_n be_v provide_v by_o the_o contract_n of_o marriage_n yet_o some_o land_n be_v not_o mention_v but_o there_o be_v a_o clause_n adject_v for_o the_o liferent_a of_o the_o whole_a conquest_n be_v it_o rationabilis_fw-la terlia_fw-la to_o give_v the_o wife_n a_o three_o of_o that_o which_o be_v omit_v though_o she_o have_v a_o particular_a liferent_a of_o more_o and_o the_o whole_a conquest_n though_o never_o so_o considerable_a yea_o it_o come_v late_o to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d whether_o a_o liferenter_fw-la infeft_v in_o a_o annualrent_n out_o of_o her_o husband_n estate_n consist_v of_o one_o tenement_n lie_v contigue_fw-la the_o annualrent_a be_v two_o three_o of_o the_o rent_n thereof_o because_o it_o bear_v not_o in_o satisfaction_n of_o a_o terce_n the_o relict_n do_v also_o claim_v a_o terce_n out_o of_o that_o same_o one_o tenement_n which_o be_v yet_o sub_fw-la judice_fw-la but_o so_o far_o as_o i_o can_v understand_v by_o former_a decision_n it_o have_v not_o yet_o be_v determine_v whether_o relic_n shall_v have_v a_o reasonable_a terce_n according_a to_o the_o term_n of_o the_o ancient_a law_n induce_v terce_n or_o whether_o she_o shall_v have_v a_o terce_n proportionable_a or_o suitable_a or_o not_o though_o she_o be_v already_o suitable_o provide_v if_o she_o have_v not_o express_o accept_v her_o former_a provision_n in_o satisfaction_n of_o her_o terce_n which_o terce_n be_v most_o favourable_a when_o suitable_a and_o therefore_o take_v place_n in_o the_o two_o case_n before_o mention_v even_o beyond_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o law_n and_o therefore_o if_o it_o be_v unproportionable_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n who_o may_v have_v a_o great_a estate_n in_o money_n and_o little_a land_n a_o voluntary_a provision_n out_o of_o any_o tenement_n shall_v not_o exclude_v a_o terce_n out_o of_o the_o remanent_fw-la of_o the_o same_o tenement_n or_o of_o any_o other_o tenement_n unless_o the_o relict_n be_v sufficient_o provide_v before_o there_o be_v one_o interloquter_n betwixt_o jean_n crightoun_n and_o kirkhouse_n her_o son_n wherein_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o she_o be_v sufficient_o provide_v to_o more_o than_o a_o terce_n of_o her_o husband_n estate_n which_o be_v repel_v but_o the_o case_n be_v in_o possessorio_fw-la where_o the_o relict_n be_v already_o serve_v and_o kenned_a to_o a_o terce_n and_o be_v pursue_v the_o tenant_n so_o that_o the_o service_n and_o ken_n be_v a_o stand_a sentence_n do_v not_o determine_v what_o may_v be_v do_v in_o petiterio_fw-la neither_o be_v that_o allegiance_n propon_v and_o offer_v to_o be_v prove_v but_o only_o allege_v informative_a whereas_o the_o defence_n propon_v be_v that_o the_o relic_n provision_n be_v but_o a_o minute_n of_o contract_n bear_v to_o be_v extend_v with_o all_o clause_n requisite_a whereof_o there_o be_v a_o process_n of_o extension_n depend_v include_v the_o acceptance_n in_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o terce_n as_o be_v ordinary_a but_o it_o be_v reply_v that_o that_o clause_n be_v omit_v in_o the_o full_a contract_n already_o extend_v but_o now_o by_o the_o late_a act_n of_o par._n 1681._o cap._n 1._o there_o be_v no_o place_n for_o a_o terce_n where_o there_o be_v a_o provision_n for_o the_o wife_n of_o liferent_a unless_o a_o terce_n be_v express_o reserve_v craig_n propose_v another_o case_n whether_o the_o 〈◊〉_d will_v have_v a_o terce_n of_o land_n competent_a in_o fee_n to_o her_o husband_n and_o so_o possess_v by_o he_o though_o by_o fraud_n or_o neglegence_n he_o never_o infeft_v himself_o which_o he_o say_v be_v the_o opinion_n of_o litletoun_n and_o it_o be_v not_o without_o much_o ground_n though_o it_o have_v not_o come_v to_o be_v decide_v with_o we_o voluntary_a liferent_n in_o satisfaction_n be_v so_o ordinary_a for_o though_o the_o appearand_a heir_n not_o enter_v can_v burden_v the_o fee_n with_o his_o debt_n yet_o his_o jus_o apparentiae_fw-la give_v he_o or_o his_o executor_n right_a to_o the_o fruit_n during_o all_o his_o life_n whereunto_o it_o will_v be_v suitable_a enough_o that_o though_o his_o voluntary_a provision_n to_o his_o wife_n can_v not_o affect_v the_o fee_n yet_o the_o legal_a provision_n of_o a_o reasonable_a terce_n might_n by_o the_o custom_n of_o england_n relic_n lose_v their_o terce_n by_o fall_v in_o public_a and_o atrocious_a crime_n as_o treason_n murder_n witchcraft_n although_o they_o be_v restore_v by_o the_o king_n by_o way_n of_o grace_n because_o thereby_o the_o memory_n of_o their_o husband_n and_o fame_n of_o their_o child_n be_v disgrace_v i_o know_v no_o such_o point_n to_o have_v be_v draw_v in_o question_n with_o we_o craig_n in_o the_o forecited_a place_n hold_v that_o if_o the_o fire_n transact_v for_o his_o own_o or_o his_o superior_n forefaulture_n or_o recognition_n or_o obtain_v a_o gift_n thereof_o it_o shall_v accress_v to_o the_o tercer_n who_o provision_n be_v onerous_a import_v warrandice_n and_o therefore_o may_v be_v effectual_a against_o the_o fire_n if_o he_o represent_v the_o husband_n and_o in_o all_o distress_n relief_n do_v import_v what_o the_o party_n distress_v true_o pay_v
out_o a_o terce_n of_o wodset_a land_n wherein_o the_o husband_n die_v infeft_v be_v not_o find_v ely_v because_o the_o husband_n require_v or_o charge_v for_o the_o money_n not_o be_v denude_v before_o his_o death_n feb._n 16._o 1642._o veich_n contra_fw-la veich_n of_o dawick_n but_o the_o wife_n three_o continue_v as_o to_o the_o three_o of_o the_o annualrent_a of_o the_o money_n in_o lieu_n of_o the_o land_n redeem_a by_o the_o heir_n after_o his_o predecessor_n death_n terce_n be_v not_o exclude_v by_o ward_n non_fw-fr entry_n or_o liferent-escheat_n of_o the_o husband_n as_o have_v be_v more_o full_o show_v before_o title_n superiority_n 18._o terce_n be_v burden_v proportianal_o by_o all_o debita_fw-la fundi_fw-la affect_v the_o whole_a tenement_n as_o annualrent_n thirlage_n pasturage_n but_o with_o no_o other_o debt_n of_o the_o defunct_a be_v personal_a though_o they_o be_v heritable_a and_o have_v provision_n of_o infeftment_n 19_o liferent_a by_o the_o courtesy_n or_o curiliaty_n of_o scotland_n be_v the_o liferent_a competent_a to_o the_o husband_n of_o the_o wife_n land_n and_o hereditament_n it_o be_v introduce_v by_o our_o common_a law_n which_o be_v our_o most_o ancient_a custom_n wheroef_n no_o beginning_n be_v know_v in_o the_o same_o way_n as_o the_o terce_n of_o the_o survive_a wife_n whereby_o without_o any_o paction_n or_o provision_n 〈◊〉_d enjoy_v the_o three_o of_o her_o decease_a husband_n heritable_a right_n wherein_o he_o 〈◊〉_d invest_v as_o of_o fee_n during_o her_o life_n so_o the_o husband_n liferent_n the_o whole_a land_n and_o hereditament_n of_o the_o wife_n wherein_o she_o die_v infeft_v in_o fee_n and_o that_o without_o any_o service_n or_o ken_n as_o in_o terce_n but_o summary_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o have_v be_v husband_n to_o the_o defunct_a neither_o be_v there_o any_o difference_n whether_o the_o defunct_a wife_n have_v a_o prior_n husband_n or_o not_o or_o whether_o her_o hereditament_n be_v ward_n blensh_fw-mi feu_fw-fr or_o burgage_n the_o original_n of_o this_o liferent_a by_o the_o courtesy_n as_o craig_n observe_v lib._n 2._o diege_n 22._o be_v from_o the_o rescript_n of_o the_o emperor_n constantine_n whereby_o the_o father_n have_v the_o usufruct_v of_o the_o heretage_n of_o his_o child_n befalling_a to_o they_o as_o heir_n to_o their_o mother_n and_o therefore_o the_o courtesy_n take_v no_o place_n but_o where_o there_o be_v child_n of_o the_o marriage_n one_o or_o more_o which_o attain_v that_o maturity_n as_o to_o be_v hear_v cry_n or_o weep_v for_o then_o the_o law_n regard_v not_o how_o long_o the_o child_n live_v or_o whether_o they_o do_v survive_v their_o mother_n but_o hoc_fw-la ipso_fw-la that_o they_o be_v bear_v at_o maturity_n they_o be_v heir_n appearand_a of_o the_o fee_n and_o the_o liferent_a be_v establish_v in_o their_o father_n in_o this_o the_o courtesy_n of_o husband_n differ_v from_o the_o terce_n of_o wife_n for_o the_o wife_n have_v her_o terce_n if_o either_o the_o marriage_n continue_v undissolved_a year_n and_o day_n or_o though_o it_o continue_v not_o so_o long_o if_o a_o child_n be_v bear_v of_o the_o marriage_n hear_v cry_v and_o weep_v though_o the_o child_n have_v be_v beget_v before_o the_o marriage_n yea_o though_o it_o have_v be_v bear_v before_o the_o marriage_n be_v legitimat_fw-la by_o the_o subsequent_a marriage_n how_o short_a soever_o it_o endure_v the_o wife_n shall_v have_v her_o terce_n but_o the_o courtesy_n take_v no_o place_n unless_o a_o ripe_a child_n beborn_a though_o the_o marriage_n shall_v continue_v for_o many_o year_n so_o that_o the_o be_v of_o child_n procreate_v and_o bear_v to_o maturity_n be_v the_o chief_a motive_n introductory_n of_o this_o law_n skeen_n in_o his_o title_n de_fw-fr verborum_fw-la significatione_n upon_o the_o word_n curialitas_fw-la limit_v the_o courtesy_n to_o the_o land_n or_o hereditament_n into_o which_o wife_n succeed_v as_o heir_n to_o their_o predecessor_n whether_o before_o or_o during_o the_o marriage_n which_o craig_n in_o the_o foresay_a place_n do_v likewise_o follow_v and_o do_v exclude_v the_o husband_n from_o the_o liferent_a of_o the_o wife_n land_n to_o which_o the_o wife_n have_v right_a by_o any_o contract_n as_o titulo_fw-la emptionis_fw-la which_o will_v not_o exclude_v the_o husband_n where_o the_o wife_n predecessor_n infeft_n she_o per_fw-la praeceptionem_fw-la haereditatis_fw-la if_o a_o father_n shall_v infeft_v his_o daughter_n reserve_v his_o own_o liferent_a with_o power_n ro_o dispose_v she_o be_v not_o thereby_o heir_n active_a nor_o be_v that_o estate_n account_v heretage_n but_o conquest_n yet_o she_o be_v heir_n passive_a and_o there_o be_v more_o reason_n that_o the_o husband_n shall_v enjoy_v his_o liferent_a of_o that_o estate_n then_o if_o his_o wife_n have_v be_v therein_o heir_n of_o provision_n or_o tailzie_n whereby_o fail_v she_o and_o her_o issue_n another_o branch_n not_o near_o of_o blood_n to_o she_o may_v ready_o succeed_v so_o that_o if_o her_o child_n be_v dead_a before_o herself_o her_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n will_v have_v much_o more_o reason_n to_o question_v her_o husband_n liferent_a by_o the_o courtesy_n than_o his_o own_o child_n as_o heir_n of_o line_n will_v have_v to_o contravert_v his_o liferent_a of_o the_o estate_n wherein_o she_o be_v infeft_v by_o her_o father_n or_o any_o of_o her_o predecessor_n to_o which_o she_o be_v appearand_a heir_n but_o there_o have_v be_v few_o debate_n or_o decision_n or_o limitation_n thereof_o which_o will_v clear_v this_o and_o other_o point_v thereanent_a the_o law_n have_v well_o fix_v the_o maturity_n of_o the_o child_n by_o their_o cry_n or_o weep_v and_o have_v not_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o conjecture_n of_o witness_n whether_o the_o child_n be_v ripe_a or_o not_o both_z as_o to_o the_o courtesy_n terce_n and_o dissolution_n of_o the_o marriage_n within_o the_o year_n in_o all_o which_o case_n the_o law_n allow_v woman_n witness_n as_o be_v necessary_a in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o child_n at_o the_o time_n of_o their_o birth_n liferenter_n be_v find_v free_a of_o the_o reparation_n of_o minister_n manse_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1662._o cap._n ordain_v heretor_n to_o build_v or_o repair_v manse_v to_o the_o value_n of_o 1000_o pound_n whereof_o no_o share_n of_o relief_n be_v find_v due_a by_o the_o liferenter_n they_o not_o be_v express_v november_n 14._o 1679._o minister_n of_o contra_fw-la laird_n and_o lady_n beanstoun_n yet_o if_o the_o whole_a estate_n be_v liferent_v by_o conjunctfee_n the_o conjunctfiar_n may_v be_v liable_a as_o fire_n in_o that_o case_n when_o the_o heretor_fw-la have_v no_o profit_n of_o the_o land_n and_o if_o the_o whole_a be_v affect_v with_o a_o separate_a liferent_a the_o effect_n will_v be_v the_o same_o see_v what_o the_o heretor_fw-la will_v be_v liable_a to_o will_v diminish_v his_o aliment_n which_o behove_v to_o be_v make_v up_o by_o the_o liferenter_fw-la liferent_a by_o the_o courtesy_n have_v the_o same_o extension_n and_o limitation_n sa_o terce_n it_o affect_v all_o the_o wife_n land_n not_o acquire_v by_o a_o singular_a title_n it_o be_v not_o exclude_v by_o the_o ward_n but_o it_o be_v exclude_v during_o the_o nonentry_n or_o by_o liferent-escheat_n and_o also_o by_o the_o ward_n of_o the_o superior_a or_o the_o forefaulture_n or_o recognition_n either_o of_o the_o superior_a or_o wife_n it_o be_v burden_v with_o all_o real_a burden_n by_o infeftment_n or_o tack_v and_o with_o the_o aliment_n of_o the_o wife_n heir_n if_o he_o have_v not_o aliunde_fw-la it_o be_v also_o exclude_v by_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o marriage_n within_o year_n and_o day_n by_o divorce_n or_o by_o the_o husband_n desertion_n of_o the_o wife_n though_o divorce_n follow_v not_o or_o by_o his_o adultery_n or_o other_o atrocious_a crime_n 20._o among_o personal_a servitude_n may_v be_v number_v public_a burden_n impose_v by_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n for_o public_a use_n such_o as_o taxation_n which_o by_o the_o act_n impose_v they_o be_v declare_v real_a affect_v the_o ground_n and_o that_o thereupon_o the_o ground_n may_v be_v poind_v and_o so_o consequent_o do_v affect_v singular_a successor_n the_o extraordinary_a burden_n of_o mentainance_n and_o sess_z impose_v by_o the_o parliament_n during_o the_o trouble_n have_v not_o that_o clause_n therein_o of_o poind_v the_o ground_n and_o so_o be_v not_o find_v debita_fw-la fundi_fw-la but_o debita_fw-la fructuum_fw-la nor_o do_v they_o affect_v singular_a successor_n july_n 13._o 1664._o grahame_n of_o hiltoun_n contra_fw-la the_o heretor_n of_o clackmannan_n title_n xvii_o servitude_n real_a 1._o requisite_n to_o constitute_v real_a servitude_n by_o consent_n 2._o how_o prescription_n constitute_v servitude_n 3._o how_o far_o servitude_n be_v effectual_a against_o the_o superior_a 4._o extinction_n of_o servitude_n 5._o kind_n of_o servitude_n 6._o servitude_n of_o support_n 7_o stillicide_n 8._o sink_n
9_o servitude_n of_o prospect_n or_o light_n 10._o way_n 11._o water_v 12._o watergang_n 13._o feval_v 14._o pasturage_n 15._o thirleage_v 16._o several_a way_n of_o constitute_a thirlage_n 17._o several_a case_n in_o which_o thirlage_n be_v not_o constitute_v 18._o the_o effect_n and_o extent_n of_o thirlage_n 19_o the_o import_n of_o several_a clause_n of_o thirlage_n 20._o invecta_fw-la &_o illata_fw-la or_o thol_a fire_n and_o water_n 21._o sequels_fw-fr 22._o miln_n service_n 23._o privilege_n of_o milns_n 24._o how_o thirlage_n become_v extinct_a 25._o in_o multure_n seed_n or_o horse_n corn_n be_v to_o be_v deduce_v but_o no_o other_o expense_n of_o labour_v 26._o thirlage_n constitute_v by_o a_o vassal_n not_o effectual_a against_o the_o superior_a 27._o deduction_n for_o insufficiency_n of_o the_o miln_n break_v down_o of_o the_o damn_v or_o frost_n servitude_n be_v distinguish_v in_o real_a and_o personal_a though_o neither_o of_o they_o be_v personal_a right_n yet_o these_o servitude_n whereby_o one_o tenement_n be_v subservient_fw-fr to_o another_o tenement_n and_o to_o person_n only_o as_o have_v right_o to_o and_o for_o the_o use_n of_o that_o tenement_n be_v call_v real_a servitude_n as_o not_o be_v subservient_fw-fr direct_o to_o person_n but_o to_o thing_n and_o the_o other_o be_v call_v personal_n because_o thereby_o the_o tenement_n be_v subservient_fw-fr direct_o to_o person_n and_o not_o with_o respect_n to_o any_o other_o thing_n as_o liferent_n etc._n etc._n before_o we_o come_v to_o the_o particular_a kind_n of_o these_o real_a servitude_n it_o will_v be_v fit_a to_o inquire_v how_o such_o servitude_n be_v constitute_v and_o next_o how_o they_o be_v destitute_a and_o ceass_n 1._o as_o to_o the_o first_o these_o servitude_n require_v no_o infeftment_n though_o they_o may_v be_v constitute_v by_o infeftment_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o infeftment_n to_o their_o constitution_n second_o real_a servitude_n can_v by_o constitute_v by_o any_o personal_a right_n as_o by_o contract_n paction_n testament_n or_o legacy_n neither_o by_o disposition_n or_o assignation_n alone_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o they_o be_v real_a right_n and_o can_v by_o constitute_v by_o any_o personal_a right_n which_o though_o they_o be_v ofttimes_o the_o remote_a cause_n of_o real_a right_n yet_o there_o be_v more_o requisite_a to_o their_o constitution_n and_o therefore_o though_o such_o personal_a right_n may_v be_v sufficient_a against_o the_o granter_n thereof_o by_o a_o personal_a objection_n whereby_o they_o can_v come_v against_o their_o own_o deed_n yet_o they_o be_v not_o sufficient_a against_o singular_a successor_n neither_o do_v they_o affect_v the_o ground_n three_o all_o real_a servitude_n be_v constitute_v by_o possession_n or_o use_n for_o thing_n corporeal_a be_v say_v only_o to_o be_v possess_v therefore_o incorporeal_a right_n as_o servitude_n have_v rather_o use_v then_o possession_n to_o consummate_v they_o which_o though_o it_o be_v the_o last_o requisite_a to_o accomplish_v servitude_n yet_o be_v not_o sufficient_a alone_o but_o must_v have_v another_o title_n either_o by_o the_o express_a consent_n of_o the_o proprietar_n or_o by_o prescription_n there_o be_v no_o difference_n in_o what_o way_n the_o consent_n be_v adhibite_fw-la so_o it_o be_v in_o write_v and_o the_o obligement_n to_o grant_v any_o servitude_n with_o possession_n be_v equivalent_a to_o the_o formal_a disposition_n or_o grant_v thereof_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o most_o of_o these_o right_n which_o do_v essential_o require_v nothing_o else_o but_o consent_v alone_o or_o consent_v with_o possession_n and_o not_o any_o other_o solemnity_n as_o obliegement_n to_o grant_v assignation_n discharge_v renunciation_n be_v equivalent_a to_o these_o right_n themselves_o when_o formal_o make_v 2._o the_o civilian_n debate_v much_o whether_o servitude_n can_v be_v introduce_v by_o prescription_n and_o whether_o in_o that_o case_n there_o be_v requisite_a a_o title_n and_o the_o proprietar_n knowledge_n wherein_o we_o need_v not_o insist_v see_v our_o prescription_n be_v only_o by_o statute_n upon_o the_o course_n of_o forty_o year_n in_o most_o case_n presume_v both_o a_o title_n and_o knowledge_n but_o they_o be_v upon_o ten_o year_n against_o those_o who_o be_v present_a may_v require_v more_o yet_o many_o even_o of_o the_o learnede_a of_o they_o account_v prescription_n sufficient_a without_o title_n or_o any_o other_o then_o presume_a knowledge_n with_o we_o the_o servitude_n of_o a_o way_n to_o the_o kirk_n be_v not_o find_v constitute_v by_o possession_n thirty_o year_n but_o by_o immemorial_n possession_n go_v and_o come_v that_o way_n uninterrupted_a without_o any_o write_n for_o here_o the_o way_n be_v claim_v at_o the_o near_a to_o the_o kirk_n whether_o the_o desender_n land_n be_v under_o crop_v or_o not_o for_o though_o a_o way_n to_o the_o kirk_n be_v due_a to_o all_o party_n in_o the_o paroch_n without_o consent_n or_o prescription_n yet_o it_o must_v be_v with_o the_o least_o detriment_n to_o the_o interjacent_a land_n and_o so_o can_v always_o be_v the_o near_a way_n but_o must_v go_v about_o corn_n and_o though_o thirty_o or_o forty_o year_n alternative_a be_v not_o sustain_v to_o constitute_v a_o way_n through_o land_n even_o under_o 〈◊〉_d yet_o forty_o year_n be_v equivalent_a and_o always_o 〈◊〉_d to_o immemorial_n possession_n in_o the_o same_o case_n 〈◊〉_d gtoun_n observe_v that_o a_o convement_n way_n to_o the_o kirk_n without_o go_v through_o corn_n be_v sustain_v without_o prescription_n and_o the_o like_a will_v be_v sustain_v for_o passage_n to_o mercat_n town_n or_o 〈◊〉_d port_n a_o servitude_n of_o lay_v over_o a_o miln_n damn_v upon_o another_o heretors_n land_n be_v find_v constitute_v by_o possession_n forty_o year_n whereby_o the_o heretor_fw-la of_o the_o miln_n be_v find_v to_o have_v right_o that_o when_o the_o water_n do_v wash_v away_o the_o ground_n from_o the_o end_n of_o the_o damn_v to_o lengthen_v the_o same_o upon_o the_o seruient_fw-fr tenement_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v make_v effectual_a with_o the_o least_o detriment_n and_o that_o he_o be_v not_o liable_a for_o any_o damage_n by_o wash_v away_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o seruient_fw-fr tenement_n by_o occasion_n of_o his_o damn_v july_n 20._o 1677._o laird_n of_o gairletoun_n contra_fw-la laird_n of_o smeatoun_n june_n 27._o 1623._o gilbert_n neilson_n contra_fw-la sheriff_n of_o galloway_n it_o must_v be_v advert_v that_o when_o such_o servitude_n be_v say_v to_o be_v constitute_v by_o sole_a prescription_n without_o write_n it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v without_o write_n from_o the_o proprietar_n of_o the_o seruient_fw-fr tenement_n for_o ordinary_o there_o be_v this_o much_o title_n in_o write_n for_o these_o servitude_n that_o the_o party_n have_v right_o thereto_o be_v infeft_v in_o the_o tenement_n with_o the_o pertinent_o under_o which_o servitude_n be_v comprehend_v or_o with_o common_a 〈◊〉_d trage_n by_o which_o he_o have_v not_o only_o such_o pasturage_n as_o he_o have_v be_v long_o in_o possession_n of_o upon_o the_o land_n of_o his_o superior_a or_o author_n but_o forty_o year_n possession_n therewith_o be_v sufficient_a against_o any_o other_o who_o can_v be_v say_v in_o no_o case_n to_o have_v do_v any_o deed_n for_o the_o constitute_n of_o the_o servitude_n and_o it_o be_v so_o find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o town_n of_o pearth_n concern_v the_o isle_n of_o sleiple_n but_o this_o long_a possession_n be_v not_o estimat_fw-la by_o deed_n do_v by_o the_o proprietar_n of_o the_o seruient_fw-fr tenement_n as_o he_o who_o bring_v his_o grain_n to_o another_o man_n 〈◊〉_d for_o 〈◊〉_d so_o many_o year_n these_o deed_n of_o his_o do_v not_o constitute_v a_o thirleage_n upon_o his_o land_n unless_o he_o suffer_v the_o proprietar_n or_o tennent_n of_o the_o miln_n to_o cause_v he_o or_o his_o tenant_n either_o to_o bring_v their_o grain_n by_o process_n or_o otherways_o and_o he_o who_o open_v a_o window_n in_o his_o dyke_n or_o wall_n whereby_o his_o neighbour_n have_v a_o prospect_n do_v not_o thereby_o put_v himself_o under_o a_o servitude_n but_o if_o he_o suffer_v his_o neighbour_n to_o break_v a_o window_n in_o his_o wall_n and_o enjoy_v it_o till_o prescription_n be_v run_v his_o suffering_n introduce_v that_o servitude_n 3._o as_o to_o these_o who_o can_v impose_v servitude_n when_o they_o be_v constitute_v by_o express_a consent_n they_o can_v by_o constitute_v without_o consent_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d and_o if_o the_o superior_a consent_n not_o they_o will_v not_o be_v effectual_a against_o he_o if_o the_o 〈◊〉_d be_v open_a and_o return_v to_o he_o by_o right_a of_o superiority_n for_o a_o time_n or_o for_o 〈◊〉_d liferenter_n can_v constitute_v a_o servitude_n to_o have_v a_o real_a right_n against_o singular_a successor_n or_o beyond_o the_o endurance_n of_o that_o liferent_a or_o wodset_a much_o less_o can_v tenant_n yet_o both_o can_v begin_v or_o continue_v to_o make_v up_o
21._o 1663._o henry_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la william_n hamiltoun_n which_o hold_v olso_o in_o adjudication_n by_o the_o late_a act_n of_o parliament_n come_v in_o place_n of_o appryzing_n but_o security_n for_o sum_n have_v be_v of_o a_o long_a time_n take_v frequent_o in_o another_o way_n viz._n by_o simple_a alienation_n titulo_fw-la venditionis_fw-la with_o a_o reversion_n which_o be_v but_o 〈◊〉_d de_fw-fr retro_fw-la vendendo_fw-la ordinary_o take_v a_o part_n that_o if_o the_o creditor_n be_v not_o satisfy_v he_o may_v force_v the_o debtor_n to_o pass_v from_o his_o reversion_n and_o so_o his_o reversion_n stand_v absolute_o which_o give_v the_o occasion_n to_o these_o kind_n of_o security_n and_o also_o because_o during_o popery_n all_o annualrent_n for_o the_o use_n of_o sum_n be_v discharge_v as_o usury_n and_o therefore_o creditor_n buy_v annualrent_n and_o give_v reversion_n to_o the_o debtor_n which_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o another_o convoy_n as_o to_o these_o wodset_n in_o this_o place_n and_o that_o first_o as_o to_o the_o constitution_n of_o wodset_n and_o next_o as_o to_o the_o destitution_n thereof_o 2._o as_o to_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o wodset_n it_o must_v be_v according_a to_o the_o thing_n or_o right_o impignorat_a for_o a_o tack_v or_o liferent_a a_o assignation_n to_o these_o or_o any_o other_o cessible_a right_n may_v be_v give_v in_o wodset_n for_o security_n and_o under_o reversion_n but_o the_o ordinary_a wodset_n be_v by_o infeftment_n of_o property_n or_o of_o annualrent_a the_o conception_n whereof_o be_v not_o under_o the_o name_n of_o impledge_v impignoration_n hypothecation_n or_o the_o like_a but_o in_o the_o term_n of_o disposition_n or_o infeftment_n whereby_o the_o property_n of_o the_o thing_n wodset_n pass_v and_o be_v establish_v in_o the_o wodsetter_n but_o under_o reversion_n to_o the_o constituent_a whereby_o it_o have_v two_o part_n the_o infeftment_n and_o the_o reversion_n the_o infeftment_n in_o wodset_n be_v in_o all_o point_n like_v to_o other_o infeftment_n whether_o they_o be_v infeftment_n of_o property_n or_o of_o annualrent_a or_o whether_o they_o be_v public_a hold_v of_o the_o constituent_v superior_a or_o base_a hold_v of_o himself_o so_o that_o all_o the_o specialty_n of_o wodset_n resolve_v in_o reversion_n 3._o a_o reversion_n be_v a_o paction_n and_o condition_n or_o provision_n for_o redemption_n of_o any_o thing_n alienat_fw-la upon_o such_o term_n as_o be_v agree_v upon_o which_o of_o itself_o be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o personal_a obligation_n whereby_o the_o wodsetter_n be_v oblige_v until_o by_o that_o excellent_a statute_n par._n 1469._o cap._n 27._o it_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o reversion_n shall_v be_v effectual_a not_o only_o against_o the_o first_o wodsetter_n himself_o but_o all_o his_o successor_n in_o the_o wodset_a land_n whereby_o reversion_n be_v account_v as_o heritable_a and_o real_a right_n affect_v singular_a successor_n in_o the_o same_o way_n that_o tack_n be_v make_v real_a right_n by_o the_o statute_n thereanent_fw-la the_o english_a by_o reversion_n do_v not_o understand_v a_o right_n of_o redemption_n but_o a_o right_n of_o survivancy_n or_o succession_n as_o the_o reversion_n of_o a_o office_n be_v a_o title_n to_o that_o office_n after_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o present_a incumbent_n and_o that_o which_o we_o call_v a_o wodset_n they_o call_v a_o mortgage_n for_o a_o gage_n be_v a_o pledge_n which_o be_v real_o engage_v and_o mortgage_n be_v a_o pledge_n the_o redemption_n whereof_o die_v or_o be_v extinct_a if_o it_o be_v not_o use_v at_o the_o time_n and_o in_o the_o manner_n agree_v upon_o by_o the_o party_n of_o that_o with_o they_o in_o their_o mortgage_n not_o only_o clause_n irritant_fw-la or_o 〈◊〉_d legis_fw-la commissoriae_fw-la be_v valide_fw-la but_o if_o the_o provision_n for_o redemption_n be_v for_o a_o definite_a time_n that_o be_v elapse_v the_o mortgage_n become_v irredeemable_a by_o their_o common_a law_n what_o remeid_v may_v be_v have_v in_o the_o chanclery_n upon_o equity_n i_o know_v not_o 4._o before_o we_o come_v to_o the_o solemnity_n requisite_a for_o constitute_v reversion_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o distinguish_v the_o several_a kind_n thereof_o reversion_n be_v either_o legal_a arise_v from_o law_n and_o statute_n and_o not_o from_o consent_n of_o party_n as_o be_v the_o legal_a reversion_n of_o appryzing_n and_o adjudication_n or_o they_o be_v conventional_a by_o the_o consent_n of_o party_n which_o be_v either_o incorporate_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o wodset-right_a or_o a_o part_n they_o be_v also_o either_o principal_a reversion_n or_o eik_n to_o reversion_n and_o they_o be_v either_o solemn_a and_o perfect_v or_o only_o inchoat_fw-la such_o as_o promise_n bond_n and_o condition_n for_o grant_v reversion_n 5._o legal_a reversion_n require_v no_o other_o solemnity_n than_o what_o be_v requisite_a to_o the_o legal_a constitution_n of_o the_o right_a whereupon_o they_o follow_v the_o common_a solemnity_n requisite_a for_o reversion_n and_o other_o write_v of_o old_a be_v only_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o grant_a without_o necessity_n of_o his_o subscription_n but_o by_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1555._o cap._n 29._o it_o be_v require_v that_o all_o reversion_n bond_n and_o obligation_n for_o make_v of_o reversion_n be_v not_o only_o seal_v but_o subscribe_v by_o the_o granter_n own_o hand_n and_o if_o he_o can_v write_v by_o his_o hand_n lead_v at_o the_o pen_n by_o a_o nottar_n or_o otherways_o they_o make_v no_o faith_n unless_o the_o same_o by_o consent_n of_o party_n be_v registrat_n in_o the_o book_n of_o a_o judge_n ordinar_n or_o that_o it_o be_v a_o reversion_n within_o burgh_n contain_v in_o the_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n and_o seasine_n of_o land_n by_o the_o bailie_n and_o town-clerk_n and_o by_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1579._o cap._n 80._o reversion_n assignation_n and_o discharge_v thereof_o and_o eik_n thereto_o or_o other_o write_v of_o great_a importance_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v subscribe_v and_o seal_v by_o the_o principal_a party_n or_o if_o they_o can_v write_v by_o two_o nottar_n before_o four_o design_a witness_n else_o to_o be_v null_n and_o of_o no_o faith_n but_o the_o matter_n of_o reversion_n be_v perfect_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1617._o cap._n 16._o ordain_v all_o reversion_n regress_n bond_n or_o writer_n for_o make_v reversion_n assignation_n and_o discharge_v of_o the_o same_o to_o be_v registrat_n in_o the_o register_n of_o seasine_n and_o reversion_n within_o sixty_o day_n of_o their_o date_n otherways_o to_o have_v no_o effect_n save_v only_o against_o the_o granter_n thereof_o but_o not_o against_o their_o singular_a successor_n acquire_v perfect_a and_o lawful_a right_n but_o this_o be_v not_o requisite_a in_o infeftment_n of_o burgage-land_n within_o royal_a burgh_n nor_o in_o reversion_n incorporat_a in_o the_o right_n of_o wodset_n upon_o consideration_n of_o the_o inconvenience_n &_o insecurity_n of_o burgage-land_n the_o lord_n by_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la ordain_v the_o burgh_n to_o take_v sufficient_a caution_n of_o their_o town-clerk_n present_a and_o to_o come_v to_o insert_v in_o their_o book_n all_o seasine_n give_v by_o they_o of_o tenement_n within_o burgh_n and_o all_o reversion_n or_o bond_n for_o grant_v reversion_n assignation_n thereto_o and_o discharge_v thereof_o renunciation_n and_o grant_n of_o redemption_n and_o that_o within_o sixty_o day_n after_o the_o give_v of_o seasine_n or_o present_v to_o they_o of_o the_o reversion_n or_o other_o foresaid_n under_o the_o pain_n of_o the_o damnage_n of_o party_n acquire_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la for_o onerous_a cause_n that_o they_o may_v incur_v by_o such_o latent_fw-la right_n declare_v that_o such_o seasine_n and_o reversion_n not_o insert_v in_o manner_n foresay_a to_o be_v esteem_v as_o latent_fw-la and_o fraudulent_a keep_v up_o of_o purpose_n to_o ensnare_v lawful_a purchaser_n which_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la be_v date_v february_n 22._o 1681._o so_o that_o as_o by_o the_o first_o act_n reversion_n be_v make_v effectual_a by_o this_o last_o they_o be_v make_v evident_a that_o acquirer_n may_v be_v secure_v against_o latent_fw-la reversion_n and_o by_o the_o registration_n or_o be_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o wodset_n the_o necessity_n of_o seall_v be_v take_v off_o and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o desuetude_n it_o be_v also_o consequent_a from_o this_o last_o act_n that_o not_o only_o formal_a and_o solemn_a reversion_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o wodset_n or_o registrat_n be_v effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n but_o also_o bond_n and_o write_v for_o make_v of_o reversion_n otherways_o there_o need_v no_o ordinance_n to_o registrate_n these_o for_o the_o purchaser_n security_n if_o of_o themselves_o they_o can_v affect_v purchaser_n but_o promise_n of_o reversion_n be_v no_o way_n effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n unless_o they_o have_v be_v bring_v into_o write_v at_o least_o by_o decreet_a before_o these_o
himself_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n and_o thereafter_o resign_v and_o infeft_v himself_o and_o the_o heir_n male_a of_o the_o second_o marriage_n which_o faill_v his_o near_a heir_n whatsoever_o these_o heir_n male_a the_o second_o marriage_n faill_v and_o therefore_o not_o the_o daughter_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n only_o but_o she_o and_o the_o daughter_n of_o a_o three_o marriage_n succeed_v by_o the_o second_o infeftment_n as_o his_o heir_n whatsoever_o substitute_n to_o be_v his_o heir_n of_o the_o second_o marriage_n craig_n have_v the_o case_n but_o otherways_o observe_v lib._n 2._o dieg_n 14._o where_o a_o person_n have_v provide_v his_o land_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o three_o several_a marriage_n of_o each_o whereof_o there_o survive_v a_o daughter_n the_o question_n be_v which_o of_o the_o daughter_n shall_v succeed_v whether_o the_o first_o as_o have_v the_o first_o provision_n or_o the_o last_o have_v the_o last_o provision_n the_o party_n be_v three_o sister_n aikmans_n in_o which_o the_o lord_n admit_v all_o the_o three_o sister_n as_o heir_n portioner_n and_o so_o confound_v the_o provision_n be_v all_o equal_a and_o about_o the_o same_o thing_n which_o must_v be_v the_o reason_n and_o not_o that_o which_o be_v there_o render_v because_o the_o defunct_a notwithstanding_o of_o these_o provision_n in_o favour_n of_o heir_n may_v have_v dispone_v effectual_a to_o a_o stranger_n and_o so_o likewise_o to_o his_o own_o child_n of_o another_o marriage_n for_o that_o reason_n will_v have_v exclude_v the_o daughter_n of_o the_o first_o marriage_n and_o prefer_v the_o daughter_n of_o the_o last_o marriage_n and_o as_o have_v be_v show_v tailzy_n of_o provision_n upon_o a_o anticedent_n onerous_a obligation_n such_o as_o be_v marriage_n hinder_v the_o fire_n to_o dispone_v or_o provide_v the_o same_o to_o his_o heir_n of_o line_n represent_v he_o simple_o and_o must_v fulfil_v his_o obliegment_n albeit_o his_o disposition_n to_o stranger_n not_o so_o represent_v he_o will_v be_v effectual_a and_o therefore_o craig_n in_o that_o same_o place_n observe_v in_o the_o case_n of_o isobel_n barron_n who_o be_v heir_n to_o her_o father_n of_o his_o first_o marriage_n by_o which_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n shall_v succeed_v to_o all_o land_n conquest_n during_o the_o marriage_n and_o thereafter_o have_v a_o son_n of_o the_o second_o marriage_n who_o be_v his_o father_n heir_n of_o line_n to_o who_o his_o father_n dispone_v or_o provide_v a_o tenement_n acquire_v during_o the_o first_o marriage_n yet_o the_o say_a isobel_n as_o heir_n of_o that_o marriage_n recover_v that_o tenement_n from_o her_o brother_n as_o heir_n of_o lyne_n but_o the_o main_a difficulty_n remain_v when_o the_o obliegment_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o heir_n portioner_n be_v un-equal_a for_o when_o they_o be_v equal_a whether_o they_o become_v extinct_a by_o confusion_n or_o not_o it_o be_v alike_o but_o if_o they_o be_v so_o extinct_a when_o they_o be_v un-equal_a there_o will_v not_o be_v a_o equal_a suffering_n or_o abatement_n but_o the_o great_a obliegment_n will_v be_v extinct_a as_o well_o as_o the_o least_o neither_o can_v such_o obligation_n be_v whole_o extinct_a by_o confusion_n but_o only_o pro_fw-la rata_fw-la so_o that_o if_o there_o be_v three_o heir_n portioner_n for_o example_n the_o obliegment_n grant_v to_o every_o one_o of_o they_o can_v only_o be_v extinct_a for_o a_o thirdpart_n because_o they_o be_v but_o heir_n in_o a_o three_o part_n and_o as_o to_o two_o three_o part_n each_o two_o of_o they_o be_v debtor_n to_o the_o three_o and_o if_o the_o obligation_n exceed_v the_o value_n of_o the_o heritage_n such_o of_o they_o as_o find_v themselves_o loser_n if_o they_o enter_v heir_n may_v abstain_v and_o renounce_v and_o they_o or_o their_o assigney_n may_v pursue_v any_o of_o the_o rest_n that_o shall_v enter_v for_o fulfil_v of_o the_o defunct_n obliegment_n but_o if_o they_o be_v considerate_a when_o all_o the_o obligation_n joint_o exceed_v the_o value_n of_o the_o estate_n they_o will_v all_o renounce_v and_o assign_v there_o obliegment_n and_o their_o assigney_n will_v be_v prefer_v according_a to_o their_o dilignece_n without_o consideration_n of_o the_o priority_n or_o posteriority_n of_o the_o obliegment_n but_o if_o they_o happen_v to_o enter_v or_o when_o their_o provision_n be_v not_o personal_a to_o themselves_o nominatim_fw-la but_o as_o they_o be_v heir_n of_o provision_n and_o therefore_o necessary_o require_v that_o they_o must_v be_v heir_n before_o they_o can_v obtain_v their_o provision_n than_o the_o obliegment_n or_o provision_n of_o each_o portioner_n be_v extinct_a as_o to_o their_o own_o proportion_n but_o they_o have_v like_o action_n against_o the_o other_o heir_n portioner_n for_o there_o proportion_n as_o other_o creditor_n have_v the_o point_n will_v be_v clear_a by_o example_n if_o three_o sister_n be_v provide_v by_o the_o father_n to_o un-equal_a portion_n the_o first_o to_o 15000._o mark_n the_o second_o to_o 12000._o mark_n the_o three_o to_o 6000._o mark_n and_o the_o defunct_n whole_a estate_n have_v only_o be_v worth_n 18000._o mark_n all_o of_o they_o enter_v the_o case_n will_v be_v thus_o the_o elder_a will_v succeed_v to_o 6000._o mark_n of_o the_o heritage_n for_o her_o part_n and_o the_o second_o will_v be_v liable_a to_o she_o for_o 5000._o mark_n as_o the_o three_o of_o the_o her_o provision_n to_o who_o she_o will_v also_o be_v liable_a for_o 4000_o mark_n as_o the_o three_o of_o the_o second_o provision_n which_o be_v compense_v the_o second_o will_v be_v liable_a to_o the_o first_o in_o a_o 1000_o mark_n dc_o claro_fw-la in_o like_a manner_n the_o first_o will_v be_v liable_a to_o the_o three_o in_o 2000_o mark_n and_o the_o three_o will_v be_v liable_a to_o the_o first_o in_o 5000._o mark_n which_o be_v balance_v the_o three_o will_v be_v debtor_n de_fw-fr claro_fw-la to_o the_o first_o in_o 3000._o mark_n so_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o first_o will_v be_v 6000._o mark_n as_o her_o own_o portion_n and_o one_o out_o of_o the_o second_o and_o three_o out_o of_o the_o three_o portion_n be_v in_o all_o a_o 10000_o the_o second_o fall_v 6000._o as_o her_o share_n out_o of_o which_o she_o be_v liable_a in_o 1000_o mark_n to_o the_o elder_a and_o the_o young_a be_v due_a to_o she_o de_fw-fr claro_fw-la 2000_o mark_n whereby_o her_o interest_n will_v be_v 7000._o mark_n the_o young_a portion_n will_v be_v 6000._o mark_n out_o of_o which_o she_o be_v due_a to_o the_o elder_a 3000._o mark_n and_o to_o the_o second_o 2000_o so_o there_o will_v remain_v only_o free_a to_o her_o 1000_o mark_n this_o may_v clear_v the_o case_n as_o to_o liquid_a sum_n and_o as_o to_o disposition_n or_o provision_n of_o land_n or_o other_o obliegment_n in_o facto_fw-la these_o or_o the_o interest_n or_o value_v will_v be_v the_o same_o way_n effectual_a among_o the_o heir_n portioner_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v make_v to_o stranger_n except_o where_o the_o same_o disposition_n or_o provision_n be_v make_v to_o divers_a of_o they_o for_o then_o either_o be_v equal_o oblige_v to_o other_o as_o represent_v the_o defunct_a the_o same_o become_v void_a and_o in-effectual_a protanto_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o sister_n aikmans_n but_o since_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1621._o against_o fraudulent_a disposition_n the_o first_o disposition_n or_o provision_n constitute_v that_o party_n creditor_n may_v give_v ground_n to_o reduce_v a_o posterior_n disposition_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n to_o another_o of_o the_o heir_n portioner_n as_o be_v without_o a_o cause_n onerous_a after_o contractiong_a of_o the_o first_o debt_n but_o that_o will_v not_o hold_v in_o band_n for_o sum_n of_o money_n all_o which_o will_v have_v their_o effect_n as_o be_v before_o say_v neither_o will_v it_o hold_v when_o the_o provision_n of_o land_n provide_v the_o party_n provide_v to_o be_v heir_n for_o thereby_o the_o party_n can_v quarrel_v that_o predecessor_n deed_n otherways_o the_o first_o obliegment_n or_o disposition_n to_o any_o of_o the_o heir_n portioner_n nominatim_fw-la may_v reduce_v any_o posterior_n disposition_n to_o other_o of_o the_o heir_n portioner_n two_o daughter_n be_v serve_v both_o heir_n portioner_n to_o their_o father_n in_o some_o teind_n but_o one_o of_o they_o succeed_v to_o her_o brother_n who_o be_v infeft_v as_o heir_n to_o his_o father_n in_o land_n exclude_v the_o other_o sister_n who_o be_v not_o sister_n german_a to_o her_o brother_n by_o both_o blood_n and_o both_o be_v pursue_v for_o their_o father_n debt_n they_o be_v not_o find_v liable_a equal_o but_o proportional_o according_a to_o the_o interest_n they_o succeed_v to_o the_o one_o be_v only_o immediate_a heir_n to_o her_o father_n in_o a_o right_n of_o tiend_n wherein_o her_o brother_n be_v not_o serve_v
and_o infeft_v the_o other_o be_v equal_o and_o immediate_o heir_n to_o her_o father_n in_o these_o teind_n and_o mediate_o heir_n to_o her_o father_n by_o be_v heir_n to_o her_o brother_n who_o be_v heir_n to_o his_o father_n be_v infeft_v in_o the_o land_n by_o precept_n of_o clare_n constat_fw-la without_o service_n june_n 10._o 1673._o christian_n white_a contra_fw-la janet_n white_n 16._o other_o heir_n not_o be_v heirs-portioners_a be_v liable_a for_o the_o defunct_n debt_n in_o solidum_fw-la except_o heir_n substitute_v in_o band_n who_o be_v only_o liable_a quoad_fw-la valorem_fw-la in_o the_o sum_n in_o these_o bond_n july_n 3._o 1666._o fleeming_a contra_fw-la fleeming_n 17._o heir_n be_v not_o conveenable_a at_o the_o creditor_n option_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o heir_n and_o executor_n but_o they_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o a_o order_n of_o discuss_v thus_o first_o debt_n and_o obliegment_n relate_v to_o any_o particular_a land_n or_o right_n and_o no_o other_o do_v in_o the_o first_o place_n affect_v the_o heir_n who_o may_v succeed_v in_o these_o land_n or_o right_n before_o the_o heir_n general_a so_o a_o obliegment_n obliege_v the_o defunct_n heir_n of_o line_n or_o tailzie_n so_o soon_o as_o he_o shall_v come_v to_o his_o estate_n be_v find_v to_o affect_v the_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n who_o come_v to_o that_o estate_n without_o discuss_v the_o heir_n of_o line_n hope_v de_fw-fr haeredibus_fw-la lion_n contra_fw-la sir_n robert_n scot._n nicol._n de_fw-fr haereditariis_fw-la actionibus_fw-la inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la so_o a_o obliegment_n obliege_v a_o debtor_n and_o his_o heir_n male_a succeed_v in_o such_o a_o estate_n and_o not_o all_o other_o heir_n be_v find_v to_o burden_v the_o heir_n male_a before_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n or_o executor_n july_n 22._o 1662._o margaret_n anderson_n contra_fw-la anderson_n so_o likewise_o a_o obliegment_n to_o infeft_a a_o party_n in_o a_o annualrent_n out_o of_o land_n design_v be_v find_v to_o affect_v the_o heir_n of_o provision_n in_o these_o land_n without_o discuss_v the_o heir_n of_o line_n nicol_n ibid._n edmonstoun_n contra_fw-la edmonstoun_n this_o be_v also_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o lord_n though_o there_o be_v no_o decision_n in_o it_o february_n 19_o 1611._o laird_n of_o blair_n contra_fw-la fairlie_n and_o in_o these_o case_n the_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n or_o provision_n will_v have_v no_o relief_n against_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n or_o other_o near_a heir_n of_o blood_n who_o otherwise_o and_o also_o executor_n must_v be_v discuss_v before_o heir_n of_o provision_n or_o tailzie_n general_n obliegment_v not_o relate_v to_o particular_a land_n do_v first_o affect_v the_o heir_n of_o line_n who_o be_v heir_n general_a 2._o the_o heir_n of_o conquest_n july_n 21._o 1630._o fairlie_n contra_fw-la fairlie_n 3._o heir_n male_a must_v be_v discuss_v before_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n or_o provision_n not_o be_v so_o near_o of_o blood_n hope_v the_o haer_v dunbar_n contra_fw-la hay_n of_o murkill_n the_o like_a must_v follow_v as_o to_o heir_n of_o marriage_n who_o be_v also_o heir_n of_o blood_n and_o must_v be_v discuss_v before_o other_o heir_n of_o provision_n or_o tailzie_n who_o therefore_o be_v only_o liable_a in_o the_o last_o place_n the_o rest_n be_v discuss_v unless_o they_o become_v oblige_v to_o relieve_v the_o heir_n of_o line_n november_n 22._o 1665._o laurence_n scot_n contra_fw-la boswel_o of_o auchinleck_n 18._o but_o a_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n be_v not_o find_v to_o represent_v the_o defunct_a in_o obligation_n contrary_a to_o the_o term_n of_o the_o tailzie_n as_o to_o which_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n be_v as_o creditor_n and_o stranger_n as_o when_o the_o security_n of_o a_o sum_n be_v by_o way_n of_o tailzie_n payable_a to_o the_o creditor_n and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n which_o fail_v to_o a_o person_n name_v his_o heir_n and_o assigney_n whatsoever_o the_o creditor_n be_v oblige_v to_o do_v no_o deed_n hurtful_a to_o the_o tailzie_n and_o the_o debtor_n oblige_v not_o to_o pay_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o person_n name_v that_o person_n be_v find_v to_o have_v interest_n to_o obtain_v declarator_n that_o the_o sum_n be_v unwarrantable_o pay_v by_o the_o debtor_n without_o his_o consent_n or_o order_n of_o law_n by_o consign_v it_o to_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o same_o term_n and_o therefore_o the_o debtor_n be_v ordain_v to_o make_v up_o the_o security_n again_o as_o at_o first_o reserve_v to_o creditor_n how_o far_o they_o can_v affect_v this_o sum_n for_o the_o first_o fiars_n debt_n or_o whether_o the_o term_n of_o the_o tailzie_n will_v exclude_v the_o fiar_n debt_n or_o deed_n for_o his_o necessary_a use_n or_o only_o unnecessary_a and_o voluntary_a deed_n feb._n 3_o 1674_o drummond_n contra_fw-la drummond_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n a_o father_n have_v grant_v two_o bond_n of_o provision_n to_o his_o two_o daughter_n payable_a to_o they_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n which_o fail_v to_o return_v to_o the_o father_n and_o his_o heir_n the_o one_o of_o they_o have_v die_v without_o heir_n of_o her_o body_n but_o have_v assign_v her_o bond_n to_o her_o sister_n the_o assignation_n be_v find_v ineffectual_a as_o be_v do_v on_o design_n to_o disappoint_v the_o tailzie_n make_v by_o the_o father_n of_o the_o return_n of_o the_o provision_n in_o case_n the_o daughter_n have_v no_o heir_n of_o their_o body_n and_o so_o be_v do_v without_o any_o onerous_a cause_n or_o just_a consideration_n january_n 31._o 1679._o jean_n drummond_n contra_fw-la drummond_n of_o rickertoun_n 19_o and_o likewise_o heir_n of_o marriage_n be_v heir_n of_o provision_n and_o partly_o creditor_n and_o therefore_o may_v quarrel_v deed_n fraudulent_a or_o mere_o gratuitous_a do_v by_o the_o defunct_a who_o they_o represent_v in_o prejudice_n of_o their_o provision_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o forementioned_a case_n of_o isobel_n baron_n observe_v by_o craig_n who_o be_v heir_n of_o a_o marriage_n to_o who_o all_o land_n conquest_n during_o the_o marriage_n be_v provide_v the_o father_n have_v dispone_v a_o tenement_n acquire_v during_o that_o marriage_n to_o his_o elder_a son_n by_o another_o marriage_n yet_o that_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n do_v recover_v the_o same_o from_o that_o son_n albeit_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n do_v represent_v her_o father_n and_o yet_o not_o simple_o but_o according_a to_o the_o provision_n by_o the_o contract_n of_o marriage_n which_o be_v a_o onerous_a contract_n uberrimae_fw-la fidei_fw-la the_o father_n contracter_n can_v do_v no_o deed_n contrary_a thereto_o but_o upon_o a_o onerous_a cause_n or_o just_a consideration_n and_o therefore_o if_o he_o sell_v any_o thing_n fall_v within_o such_o provision_n the_o heir_n of_o provision_n can_v quarrel_v that_o stranger_n but_o be_v oblige_v to_o fulfil_v to_o he_o but_o may_v quarrel_v the_o same_o if_o it_o be_v mere_o gratuitous_a much_o more_o may_v heir_n of_o a_o marriage_n quarrel_n deed_n prejudicial_a to_o their_o provision_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o child_n of_o other_o marriage_n without_o which_o the_o great_a trust_n of_o these_o contract_n will_v be_v elude_v whereupon_o party_n rely_v and_o make_v match_n and_o give_v tocher_n and_o therefore_o take_v provision_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n either_o of_o definite_a sum_n or_o of_o all_o or_o a_o part_n that_o the_o contracter_n have_v or_o shall_v acquire_v during_o the_o marriage_n by_o which_o the_o whole_a estate_n of_o citizen_n be_v ordinary_o convey_v or_o otherwise_o contract_v of_o marriage_n bear_v particular_a land_n or_o sum_n to_o be_v provide_v to_o the_o heir_n or_o bairn_n of_o the_o marriage_n and_o also_o the_o conquest_n during_o the_o marriage_n which_o clause_n of_o conquest_n will_v reach_v only_o to_o what_o the_o father_n have_v more_o at_o his_o death_n then_o the_o time_n of_o the_o contract_n and_o be_v ordinary_a both_o in_o the_o contract_n of_o citizen_n and_o other_o which_o therefore_o shall_v not_o be_v elusory_a but_o effectual_a according_a to_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o the_o party_n which_o be_v not_o to_o bind_v up_o the_o father_n that_o he_o can_v do_v deed_n for_o cause_n onerous_a or_o rational_a consideration_n but_o that_o he_o can_v do_v no_o other_o deed_n mere_o gratuitous_a and_o arbitrary_a in_o prejudice_n of_o such_o provision_n for_o though_o by_o such_o provision_n when_o fulfil_v he_o himself_o must_v become_v fire_n and_o so_o may_v dispone_v yet_o he_o be_v also_o debtor_n and_o so_o can_v effectual_o dispone_v against_o the_o import_n and_o meaning_n of_o the_o provision_n and_o therefore_o a_o father_n by_o his_o contract_n of_o marriage_n have_v provide_v certain_a tenement_n to_o himself_o and_o his_o future_a spouse_n in_o conjunct-fee_n and_o to_o the_o bairn_n of_o the_o marriage_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o wife_n have_v restrict_v herself_o to_o the_o half_a of_o the_o