Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	mile_n	point_n	west_n	1,750	5	9.6479	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A09195	The compleat gentleman fashioning him absolute in the most necessary & commendable qualities concerning minde or bodie that may be required in a noble gentleman. By Henry Peacham, Mr. of Arts sometime of Trinity Coll: in Cambridge.	Peacham, Henry, 1576?-1643?; Delaram, Francis, 1589 or 90-1627, engraver.	1622 (1622)	STC 19502; ESTC S114333	134,242	209

two Colures are two great moueable Circles passing through both the poles of the world crossing one another with right Sphearicall Angles so that like an Apple cut into foure quarters they diuide into equall parts the whole Spheare the one passeth thorough the aequinoctiall points and poles of the world and is called the aequinoctiall Colure the other passeth through the Solstitiall points and is called the Solstitiall Colure The Horizon is a Circle immoueable which diuideth the vpper Hemispheare or halfe part of the world from the neather it hath the name of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is termin● or to bound or limit because imagine you stood vpon High-gate or the Towre hill at Greenewich so farre as you can see round about as in a circle where the heauen seemeth to touch the earth that is called the Horizon The poles whereof are the point iust ouer your head calleth Zenith in Arabian and the other vnder your feete passing by the Center of the world called Nadir The Meridian is an immoueable circle passing through the poles of the world it is called the Meridian of Meridies Noonetide because when the Sun rising frō the East toucheth this line with the Center of his body then it is noone to those ouer whose Zenith that Circle passeth and midnight to their Antipodes or those who are iust vnder them in the other world The number of Meridians are 180. allowing two to euery degree in the Aequinoctiall which all concenter in either pole and are the vtmost bounds of Longitude By the Meridian the Longitude of all places is gathered and what places lye more Easterly or Westerly from either The Longitude of any place is that distance you find vpon the Aequinoctiall betweene the Meridian of the place whose Longitude you desire and the first Meridian which directly passeth ouer the Canarie or Fortunate Ilands which distance or space you must account by the degrees purposely set vpon the Brazen Circle or if you please by miles allowing sixtie to euery degree Longitude is onely taken East and West Latitude is the distance of the Meridian betweene the verticall point or pole of the Horizon and the Aequinoctiall being euer equall to the height or eleuation of the pole aboue the Horizon or more plainly the distance of any place either North or South from the Aequinoctiall which you are to take vpon the standing Globe by the degrees of the brazen Meridian that Countrey or place in the Globe whose Latitude you desire being turned directly vnder it The Tropicke of Cancer is an imaginary Circle betwixt the Aequinoctiall and the Arcticke Circle which Circle the Sunne maketh about the thirteenth day of Iune declining at his farthest from the Aequinoctiall and comming Northerly to vs-ward then are our daies at the longest and nights shortest Capricorne the like to the Antarcticke Circle making our daies the shortest about the twelfth of December The Arcticke Circle anciently accounted the Horizon of Greece is a small circle the Center whereof is the North pole of the world which is inuisible It is so called from Arctes the Beare or Charles W●ine the Northerne Starre being in the tip of the taile of the said Beare The Antarctike which is neere to the South pole and answering the other vnder vs. But I had rather you learnd these principles of the sphere by demonstration and your owne diligence being the labour but of a few houres then by meere verball description which profiteth not so much in Mathematicall demonstrations Wee will therefore descend to Geographi● which is more easie and familiar the definition I gaue you before I come to the Subiect the Terrestrial Globe which is composed of Sea and Land The Sea is a mightie water ebbing and flowing continually about the whole Earth whose parts are diuersly named according to the places whereupon they bound In the East it is called the Indian Sea in the West the Atlanticks so named from the Mount Atlas in Mauritania in the North the Hyperborean in the South the Meridionall or South Sea commonly called Mar del Zur The Mediterranean sea is that which stretcheth it selfe by the middest of the earth from West to East diuiding Europe Asia and Africa Sinus or a Gulfe is a part of the sea insinuating and embosoming it selfe within the land or betweene two seuerall landes as the gulfe of Venice the Persian gulfe the Red Sea Sinus Mexicanus Vermilius Gangeticus Fretum or a Streight is a narrow passage betweene two lands as the Streight of Magellan Anian Gibralterre c. An Hauen is the entrance of the sea within the land at the mouth of some Riuer or Creeke where shippes may ride at Anchor A Lake is a great and wide receptacle of water euer standing still and not mouing out of the place as the Lake Asphal●i●es Lacus Larius or Lago di Como Lansann● by Geneva c. The Earth is either Continent or Iland A Continent is the land continued without any diuision of Sea as the Low Countries to Germany that to Austria Austria to Hungary c. An Iland called Insula quasi in Sale is a land encompassed round with the Sea as Great Britaine Ireland Corsica Candia c. An Isthmus or Chersonesus is a Streight or necke of land betweene two Seas as Cimbri●a Chersonesus Taurica Aurea and Achaica Peninsula quasi penè Insula is a Land enuironed with the Sea except at some narrow place or entrance as that vaste Continent of Peru and Brasil in America were an Iland but for that Streight or Necke of Land betweene Panama and Nombre de dies which Philip the second King of Spaine was once minded to haue cut for a shorter passage for ships into the South Sea but vpon better deliberation he gaue ouer his proiect A Cape or head of Land is the vtmost end of a Promontorie or high Land standing out into the Sea as the Cape De Bu●na Speranza Cape Mendozi●● S. Vincene Cape Verde the great Cape S. Augustine in America c. Proceeding now to vnderstand the seuerall parts and Regions of the world with their scituation as it is meet dwelling in an house you should know all the roomes thereof you may if you please obserue Ptolomi●s Method beginning first with Europe and herein with our Northerne Ilands of Great Britains Ireland the Orchades and Thule which are the Contents of his first Table and so forth into Europe but he was erronious in his descriptions obscure by reason of his Antiquitie the names of places since changed Nauigation by the benefit of the Load-stone perfected the want whereof heretofore hath beene occasion of infinite errors among the ancients as well Diuines as Historiographers and Geographers as Lactantius and S. Augustine could neuer bee perswaded that there were Antipodes or people going feete to feet vnder vs the contrary whereof experience hath taught vs. Arrianus that

much esteemed Greeke Authour affirmed the scituation of Germany to be very neere to the Ionique Sea Stephanus also another Countrey-man of his saith that Vienna was a Citie of Galilie Strabo saith that Danubius hath his head neere to the Adriatique Sea which indeed being the greatest Riuer of Europe riseth out of the hill Arnoba in Germany and by Hungaria and many other Countries runneth into Sclauonia receiuing threescore other Riuers into his Channell it is therefore farre more safe to follow our later Writers In euery Countrey to giue one instance for all in your obseruation you are to follow this Method first to know the Latitude then the Longitude of the place the temperature of the Climate the goodnesse or barrennesse of the ground the limits of the Countrey how it is bounded by Sea or Land or both by East West North or South into what Prouinces it is diuided within it selfe the commodities it affoordeth as what Mines Woods or Forrests what Beasts Fowles Fishes Fruits Herbs Plants what Mountaines Riuers Fountaines and Cities what notable matter of wonder or Antiquitie the manners shape and attire of the people their building what Ports and Hauens what Rockes Sands and such like places of danger are about the place and last of all the Religion and Gouernment of the Inhabitants You shall haue drawne vpon your Globe or Mappe vpon the vastest Seas where most roome is to bee spared a round figure representing the Mariners Compasse with the two and thirtie winds from euery of which there runneth a line to the Land to some famous Citie Hauen or either to shew you in that Sea and place what course you are to keepe to goe thither whether full North North-east South or south-South-west and so forth These winds of the Spaniards are called Rombes and for that Columbus and Vesputius Italians with others first discouered the East and West Indies the eight principall winds are commonly expressed in the Italian This Compasse hath the needle in manner of a Flowre-deluce which pointeth still to the North I could wish you now and then to exercise your Pen in Drawing and imitating Cards and Mappes as also your Pensill in washing and colouring small Tables of Countries and places which at your leasure you may in one fortnight easily learne to doe for the practise of the hand doth speedily instruct the mind and strongly confirme the memorie beyond any thing else nor thinke it any disgrace vnto you since in other Countries it is the practise of Princes as I haue shewed heretofore also many of our young Nobilitie in England exercise the same with great felicitie I haue seene French Cards to play withall the foure suites changed into Maps of seuerall Countries of the foure parts of the world and exactly coloured for their numbers the figures 1. 2. 3. 9. 10. and so forth set ouer the heads for the Kings Queenes and Knaues the Pourtrai●s of their Kings and Queenes in their seuerall Countrey habits for the Knaues their Peasants or Slaues which ingenious deuice cannot be but a great furtherance to a young capacitie and some comfort to the infortunate Gamester when what he hath lost in Money he shall haue dealt him in land or wit CHAP. 8. Obseruations in Suruey of the Earth FIrst how Almightie God by his Diuine prouidence so disposed the Earth in the first Creation not falling out by chance as some haue thought that one Countrey in one place or other is so neerely ioyned to the next that if after it might happen to be ouer peopled as wel man as beast by some smal streight or passage might easily bee prouided of a new habitation which Acosta hath well obserued resoluing vs that doubt how wilde beasts as Wolues Foxes Beares and other harmfull beasts should swim ouer so vaste Seas and breede in Ilands Secondly how the wit disposition yea deuotion and strength of man followeth the qualitie and temperature of the Climate and many times the Nature of the soyle wherein he liues as wee see the Easterne people of the world very quicke in their inuentions superstitious vnto Idolatry as in Chin● Calecut Ia●a and other places On the contrary those as farre North in Lapla●d ●●eland and other places as dull and in a manner senc●lesse of Religion whereupon they are held the most notorious Witches of the world We see those that inhabit Mountaines and mountainous places to be farre more barbarous and vnciuill then those that liue in the plaines witnesse the Inhabitants of the huge hils Sierras and the Andes in America the mountainous North part of N●ua Franci● the Nararrois in Spaine and the Highland men in Scotland We see and finde it by experience that where the soile is dry and sandy the ayre is most pure and consequently the spirits of the Inhabitants actiue and subtile aboue those who inhabite the Fens and Marishes Thirdly consider the wonder of wonders how the Ocean so farre distant holdeth motion with the Moone filling our shoares to the brim from the time of her appearing aboue the Horizon vntill she hath ascended the Meridian then decreasing as much vntill she toucheth the line of midnight making his tide twice in foure and twentie houres and odde minutes how the Atlantick or Westerne Ocean is most rough and dangerfull the South Sea or Del Zur albeit of infinite vastnesse on the contrary so calme and quiet that you seemed rather to saile vpon dry Land then water How in the Sea of Cal●cut it is high water but at euery full Moone in the Sea by the shore of Indus but at euery new Moone how in the maine Ocean the currant runnes from East to West toward the streight of Magellan but from West to East in the Med●erranean Fourthly how in one place the North-wind as vpon the Coast of Scythia neere the mouth of the great Riuer Duin● bloweth in a manner perpetually so that the West or South-west winds are scarce knowne In another the East in the Indian Sea the winds keep their turnes obseruing the course of the Sunne which being in Aries and Libra the Westerne winds blow perpetually Neither lesse admirable are the in-land stoods and fresh waters for their properties as Nilus who onely by his ouerflowing maketh Aegypt fertile where it neuer raineth Eur●pus an arme of the Sea by Eub●●● an Iland of the Sporades in the Aegean Sea which ●bbeth and floweth seauen times in a day Likewise much may bee said of our Lakes and Fountaines in England Scotland and Ireland of turning Wood into Stone Iron and the like Fiftly it is worthy the consideration how the Diuine wisedome for the behoofe of mankind hath set an enmitie betweene Birds and Beasts of prey and rapine who accompany not by heards as Lyons Beares Dogges Wolues Foxes Eagles Kites and the like which if they should doe they would vndoe a whole Countrey whereas on the contrary those which are necessary and vsefull for mankind