North America in the Province of Acadia was taken by the English and restored to the French by the Treaty of Breda in 1667. It stands at the bottom of the Bay of France and has a safe and large Harbour Port Royal a Port in Florida near Virginia Port Royal a celebrated Nunnery near Cheureuse in France six Leagues from Paris Port Royal a Port on the South of Jamaica in the Hands of the English by whom the Town was built Which before the late dreadful Earthquake 1692 ruined the greatest part of it had in it above one thousand and five hundred Houses and extended twelve Miles in length extremely populous it being the Scale of Trade in that Island It is seated at the end of a long point of Land which makes the Harbor and runs into the Main about twelve Miles having the Sea on the South and the Harbor on the North. The Harbor is about three Leagues broad and in most places so deep that a Ship of one thousand Tun may lay her sides to the Shoar of the Point Lead and Unload at pleasure and it affords good Anchorage all over For the security of it there is built a very strong Castle always well Garrisoned with Soldiers and has sixty pieces of Cannon mounted Yet this Town stands upon a loose Sand which affords neither Grass Stone fresh Water Trees nor any other thing that could encourage the building of a Town besides the goodness and convenience of the Harbor Porto Sabione Edron a Port on the Gulph of Venice near Chiosa Fossa Clodia a City in that State twenty five Miles from Venice Porto di Salo Salorius a Port in Catalonia four Miles from Tarragona towards Barcinone Porto Santo Cerne one of the Azore Islands discovered by the Portuguese in 1428 and by them called Ilha de Puerto Santo Not far from the Madera about eight Leagues in Circuit Porto Seguro a City Port and Prefecture in Brasil in South America upon the Sea Coast under the Portuguese The Prefecture lyes betwixt that called los Isleos and the other of Spiritu Santo Port Uendres Portus Veneris a large Port in the County of Russilion upon the Mediterranean Sea in the Borders of Catalonia Seventeen Miles from Perpignan to the North-East It has this name from a Temple dedicated to Venus in the times of Paganism which stood near it Porto Uenere Portus Venerii Portus Veneris a Town in the States of Genoua which has a Haven and a Castle built by the Genouese in 1113 seated over against the Isle of Palmaria Sixty Miles from Genoua and three from the Gulph del Spezza to the East Porto Uiejo a Town and Port in Peru in South America upon the Pacifick Ocean in the Province and not far from the City Quito Porto Zora Pisidon a City of Africa Propria mentioned by Ptolemy now called Zora by the Europeans and Zuarat by the Moors It is a strong Place which has a large Harbor belonging to it in the Kingdom of Tunis one hundred and twenty Miles from Tripoli to the West taken and plundered by the Knights of Malta not long since Portsmouth Portus Magnus a Town in Hampshire in the Hundred of Ports down of great Antiquity called by Ptolemy 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Great Haven the Old Town then stood higher up The New Town is built upon an Island called Portsey which is about fourteen Miles in Circuit and at a full Tide floats in Salt Water by a Bridge on the North joined to the Continent The Town is fortified with a Timber Wall covered with Earth on the North-East near the Gate it has a Fort and two Block-Houses at the entry of the Haven built of hewen Stone by Edward IV. and Henry VII To which Qu. Elizabeth added other Works and a Garrison to watch and defend the Place The latter Princes have built Store-houses for all sorts of Naval Provisions and Docks for the building of Ships In Mr. Cambdens time it was more resorted to on the account of War than Commerce and had little other Trade than what arose from the boiling of Salt But since its Trade is much encreased It is grown populous a good Nursery for Sea-men and a Corporation represented by two Burgesses in the Lower House of Parliament Giving also the Title of Dutchess to the Lady Louisa de Querouaille Created by K. Charles II. 1673. Baroness of Petersfield Countess of Farnham and Dutchess of Portsmouth Portugal Lusitania Portugallia a Kingdom on the West of Spain bounded on the West by the Atlantick Ocean on the South by Algarve which is annexed to this Kingdom on the East by Andalusia Extremadura and Leon and on the North by Gallicia It lies on the Sea Coast from North to South four hundred Miles not above one hundred where broadest and eighty in the narrower places eight hundred and seventy nine in Compass Divided into five Provinces to wit Entre Douero è Minho Tra los Montes Beira Estremadura and Alentejo or Entre Tejo è Guadiana whereunto was added Algarve under Alphonsus III. with the Title of a Kingdom The principal Rivers are those four expressed in the Names of the Provinces Douero Minho Tajo and Guadiana which furnish the Kingdom with very convenient Ports It was anciently called Lusitania from the the Lusitani its first Inhabitants and took the present Name about the fifth Century from Poriocale a celebrated Mart. The Air is generally healthful the Earth Hilly and Barren especially as to Corn which is much of it imported from France But it yields Wine Fruits Fish Game Salt Horses and Mines And is so very populous about Spain especially towards the Sea that they reckon more than four hundred Cities or great privileged Towns three Archbishopricks ten Bishopricks and above four thousand Parishes This Kingdom is said to be founded by one Henry Earl of Lorain about 1099. For this Prince having shewn much Gallantry in the Wars against the Moors was by Alphonsus VI. King of Castile rewarded with the Marriage of Teresia a Natural Daughter of his and a part of this Kingdom with the Title of an Earl The Son of this Henry Alphonsus I. having in 1139. in the Battel of Obrique defeated five Moorish Kings assumed the Title of King This Prince assembled the Estates of his Kingdom at Lamego in the Province of Beira who there passed a Law called the Law or Statute of Lamego for the exclusion of Strangers from the Crown which remains in full force to this day His Posterity enjoyed this Kingdom and very much inlarged it by Victories against the Moors at home and by the Discovery of several unknown Countries abroad for seventeen Descents Amongst which John I. styled the Father of his Country succeeded in 1385. tho only the Natural Son of Peter I. the King save one immediately preceding his ascension But Sebastian a young Prince who succeeded King John III. in 1557. perishing in a Battel in Africa in 1580. and Henry dying soon after who was a
to Religion of this Age. The result of it was this the learned Thuanus and Pithaeus being Commissioners for ordering of the Dispute on the Roman Catholicks side and Isaac Casaubon with others according to the Kings appointment for the Huguenots After an Examination of nine Passages that day it appearing sometimes the Objection was taken for the Answer sometimes Words omitted and Sentences curtailed and others misapplied there was no continuing of the Conference longer for Du Plessis retired into the Country sick and dyed soon after In 1679. there was a Peace concluded here between the Crowns of Sweden and Denmark by which the Swedes recovered whatever had been taken from them by the Danes Fontanelle a Village and Monastery in Normandy upon the Seyne twelve Miles from Roan to the East Fontana Bianca Naustathmus a Sea-Port on the Eastern Shoar of Sicily at the mouth of the River Cacyparis twelve Miles from Syracuse to the South Fontarabia Fons Rapidus called by the Inhabitants Fuenteravia and sometimes Ondarrivia and Ondar Ibaya by the French Fontarabie by the Italians Fontarabia is a very strong Town in Guipuscoa in Spain upon the Shoars of the Bay of Biscay upon the River Vidosa Bassages in the Confines of France and Spain Built by the Goths in 625. It belonged as is pretended heretofore to France as part of the Territory of Bayonne and subject to that Bishop till Philip II. King of Spain in 1571. caused it to be taken from that Diocese It is so seated that at low Water it is easily entered but at high Water surrounded with the Sea and so fortified besides that a few Men may defend it against a vast Army so that it is the Key of the Kingdom of Spain and also a convenient Haven The French have had an Eye upon this place In 1638. under the Prince of Conde and the Duke of Espernon they attempted to reduce it but were beaten off with great shame and loss the two Generals mutually blaming each other after the ill success I have read that Charles V. after he had fortified this place called it his Pillow upon which he could securely sleep and it has proved so Fontenay a Town near Auxerre in the Province of Burgundy in France famous in History for the bloody Battel fought at it betwixt the four Sons of Lewis the Debonnaire in 841 wherein above a hundred thousand men were slain upon the place with the Victory to the two younger Brothers Charles the Bald and Lewis the German Fontenay le Comte Fontenacum Fontenaeum the chief Town of Poictou upon the River Vendee seven Miles North-East of Fochel it is a fine Town seated at the foot of an Hill and made rich by a great Fair kept here Fonteuralt Fons Ebraldi a little Town in Anjou in France which has a very much celebrated Nunnery the Abbess of which is Head of the Order and governs all the Men of that Order It stands about one League from the Loyre and three from Salmur to the North-East Forcalquier Forum Neronis once a City of Gallia Narbonensis mentioned by Pliny now a Town in Provence upon the River Laye which is the Capital of a County of the same name It stands upon an Hill between Sisteron to the South-East and Apt Apta Julia to the North-East six Miles from the latter and eleven from Aix to the North. The Title of Earl of this place and the Lands adjacent is born by the Crown Forcheim Forchena Locoritum Trutavia a small City in Franconia upon the River Rednitz where it takes in the Wisent to the North four Miles from Bamberg to the South under the Bishop of Bamberg Forcone Avia Furconium once a City of Italy now a Village in the further Abruzzo upon the River Pescara Aternus eight Miles from Aquila to which place the Bishops See was removed upon the ruin of this ancient City by the Lombards Fordingbridg a Market Town in the County of Southampton The Capital of its Hundred Fordon Fordunum a strong Town in the County of Mern in the North of Scotland ten Miles from the German Ocean and fifteen from Aberdeen to the North-East In this Place John de Fordon the Author of the Scotichronicon was born but it was anciently much more honoured on the account of Palladius the Apostle of the Scotch here buried who was sent by Pope Celestine in 431. to Preach the Christian Faith to this Nation Fordsham a Market Town in Cheshire upon the Banks of the River Weever Fordwich a Member of the Town and Port of Sandwich in Kent Forenza Forentum a Town in Abruzzo in Italy Le Foretz or Foresiens a Country of France extended in length from North to South upon the River Loyre and bounded on the North by Bourbon on the West by Auvergne on the East by Beaujolois and on the South by Velay It is divided into the Upper Foretz in which are Feâ—rs and St. Estienne and the Lower in which is Monbrison the Capital and Roanne This is a very fruitful County under the Jurisdiction of Lyon Forest Noire or the Black Forest a large Wood extending from South to North the space of ten or twelve Leagues as far as to the Neighbourhood of Strasburgh beginning about Basil The four Towns standing at a little distance from the head of it viz. Rhinfeldâ— Lauffembourg Seckinghen and Waldshust are hence called the four Forest Towns La Forest Sebusiani or Segusiani Populi the same with Foretz La Forest de Biere Sylva Bierica the Wood by Fountain-bleau La Forest de Bondis Sylva Bugiensis a Forest on the borders of Savoy The Forest of Dean a vast Wood in Glouoestershire which in ancient Times was exceeding dark and terrible to pass through between the River Wye and the Severn it was so great an Harbor for Thieves that robbed all Passengers that in the Reign of Henry VI. of England there were Laws made to restrain them but saith Mr. Cambden since the rich Iron Mines were found here those frightful Woods by degrees became much thinner than before and the Rebels of 1640. promoted it by selling the Timber of it to the Hollanders who returned their kindness by a War in Ships built of the same Forflamine Forum Flaminii a City of Vmbria ruined by the Lombards in 740. It stood three Miles from Nuceria Forli Forum Livii a City of Romandiola which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ravenna It stands in a Plain near the little River Ronco and the foot of the Hills with a Castle at the distance of fifteen Miles from Ravenna to the South between the Cities of Cesena and Faventia within the Dominions of the Pope Blondus the Historian was born here La Formentera Ophiusa one of the two Islands which were antiently called Pityusae in the Mediterranean upon the Coast of Spain toward Ivica As desart now as we read it was in Strabo's time inhabited only by a number of wild Asses Formigue Formicae one of the Isles de Hyeres upon the
a Town in the County of Burgundy Haslemere a Market Town in the County of Surrey and the Hundred of Godalming priviledged with the Election of two Parliament men Haslingden a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Blackburn Hassia Hessen called by the French Hesse is a Province of Germany honored with the Title of a Landtgrave or Marquisate which is a Provincial Earldom It lies in the Higher Circle of the Rhine between Westphalia to the North Westerwaldt and Weteraw to the West Franconia to the South Thuringe and the Dukedom of Brunswick to the East The chief Cities and Towns in it are Cassel Hirschfeldt Marpurgh Smalkalden and Ziegenheim Princes of its own have possessed it ever since 1263. It is fruitful in Corn Pasturage Woods Mines and Game This Country took its Name from the Hessi who Conquering the Chatti its old Inhabitants changed the old Name From East to West it extends it self thirty three German Miles in length from North to South twenty three Converted to the Christian Faith by Winifrid or Boniface an English Saxon about 730. Hasnon a Monastery in Artois Haspaam Haspahamum Aspahamum or Hispaham the Royal City of the Kingdom of Persia in the Province of Hierach where the Sophy or King of Persia resides Very great rich populous and daily growing greater The King has here a most magnificent Palace there belong to it three very large Suburbs Some think the ancient Name was Hecatompylon others Aspa The Kings of Persia have resided here near an hundred years and that is it that hath given it this great increase It stands upon the River Zenderoud or Zenderu which ariseth from the Mountain of Dimavend and divides this City into two parts and about five Miles beneath is swallowed up by the Sands It lies seventy German Miles from Casbin to the South eighty from Ormus to the North and a little more from Bagdat to the East Seated in a Plain surrounded on all sides at the distance of about three or four Leagues with an high Mountain like an Amphitheatre Long. 86. 40. Lat. 32. 26. The Province of Hierach in which it stands was the ancient Parthia This City with the Suburbs is about eight German Miles in compass and has twelve Gates whereof there are but nine constantly open it has about eighteen thousand Houses and five hundred thousand Inhabitants The Walls and Bastions are of Brick but ill built ill kept and out of repair so that they are of no use to secure the City Upon the River there is a lovely Stone Bridge This City was taken and destroyed twice by Tamerlane and about 1450 suffered much from one of its own Princes The Mosques the Bazar or Market Place the Baths great Mens Houses and Gardens are the great Ornaments of it Some of the great Houses with their Gardens take up twenty Acres of Ground these Gardens they adorn with Fountains Flowers fine Walks and delicate Rows of Trees both for Shades and Fruits So that the far greatest part of this vast City is taken up by Gardens and not peopled like ours I have taken this short Account out of Olearius who in 1637 was in this City and Thevenot who travelled this Kingdom since Hasbengow See Hasbaigne Hassio Porto Heraclea a Town in the Lesser Asia in Caria between Miletum and the Mouth of the Maeander now Madre thirty Miles from Ephesus to the South Hastings Othona the first of the Cinque Ports in the County of Sussex consisting of two Streets extended in length from North to South having in each of them a Parish Church seated between a high Clift to the Seaward and an Hill to the Land upon a small Brook on the South side of it five Miles West of Winchelsey and near the Eastern Borders of this County It hath had a great Castle upon the Hill which commanded it but this is now ruined and instead of it stands a Light-House to guide the Seamen This and the other Cinque Ports its Members was to send the King twenty one Ships each of which to have twenty one tall Men in it who were bound to appear upon forty days Summons and to serve fifteen days at their own Charge but if the King desired them longer he was to pay to the Master and Constable Six-pence the Day and to each Mariner three pence The Harbor here was made by a Pere of Timber which being destroyed by the raging Seas in 1578 Queen Elizabeth granted a Contribution for the Repairing of it but the Money was misimployed and the Work neglected so that the Trade and Fishery of this place is since that time much decayed The Honorable Theophilus Hastings Earl of Huntingdon is Baron of Hastings This Title being given to Sir William Hastings his Predecessor by Edward the Fourth in the second year of his Reign This Corporation Elects two Members of Parliament Hatfield Bishops a Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Broadwater upon the River Lea. Adorn'd with a stately Palace call'd Hatfield House now in the Possession of the Earls of Salisbury but heretofore belonging to the King Hatfield Broadoke a Market Town in the County of Essex and the Hundred of Harlow upon the River Touridge Havage See Meroë La Havana or S. Christoval de la Havana a famous Sea-Port in the Isle of Cuba in the Bay of Mexico in the West-Indies very great and fortified to the utmost that Art and Expence can arise to seated at the North End of the Island over against the Cape of Florida being the Harbor to which all the Fleets from Spain direct their Course Here they unlade their European Merchandises here they take in the Plate and other Riches of the Spanish West-Indies in order to their Transportation into Europe so that it is one of the most frequented Ports in the West-Indies Whilst all this Wealth passeth and repasseth through it much of it must stick so that it is become very rich and populous The Spaniards have built a strong Castle and setled here a Governor and a good Garrison of Spaniards Yet notwithstanding all this Care and Charge the Buccaneers a few years since with a small number of Ships under Spanish Colours surprized and plundered this place and made the Inhabitants pay a vast Ransome to preserve it from being burnt It lies in Long. 292. 10. Lat. 20. 00. Havant a Market Town in the County of Southampton and the Hundred of Bosmere Havaspeude Dacia Alpestris Havelburgh Havelburgum Havelberga a small City in the Circle of the Lower Saxony which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Maegdeburgh it stands in Prignitz a Territory in the Marquisate of Brandenburgh upon the River Havel which one Mile lower falls into the Elbe ten Miles from Maegdeburgh to the North and twelve from Berlin to the West The Bishops of this Diocese have imbraced the Augustane Confession ever since 1556. Haverford West a Market Town and Corporation in Pembrokeshire in Wales which elects one Parliament man Haverill
Brandenburg upon the River Warta twenty Miles from Frisingen to the East and thirty from Ratisbon to the South It is well fortified and has a Castle seated on or near a Hill Landskroon Stephanopolis Corona a small City but very strongly fortified belonging to the Crown of Sweden seated in the Province of Scania upon the North side of the Sound or entrance into the Baltick Sea It belonged to the Danes till 1658. when by Treaty it was yielded to the Swedes It stands eighteen German Miles from Koppenhagen to the North-East and a little more from Malmoe to the North. Built by Erick the Pomeranean King of Denmark in 1413. before which time it was called Sundre Soeby Near this place Christian V. King of Denmark received a great defeat from Charles X. King of Sweden July 24. 1677. The Danes took it from the Swedes in 1676 and restored it to them again in 1679. Landsperg Lansperga a Town in Germany in the New Marquisate of Brandenburg upon the River Water six Miles from Custrin to the East and thirteen from Stetin to the South in the Confines of Poland Often taken and retaken in the Swedish War Landsperk a Town in Germany in the Dukedom of Bavaria built on a Hill by the River Leeh Licus which parts Schwaben from Bavaria and falls a little beneath Auspurg into the Danube above which last place this Town stands five German Miles to the South Landspurg Segestica a City of Sclavonia the same with Zigea Landt van Endracht a part of the Southern Continent which was accidentally discovered by the Hollanders in a Voyage to the Molucho Islands in 1618. called also Concordiae Regio Land van Pieter Nuitz another part of the same Continent found in 1625. by a Dutchman It is a great Country of a vast extent from North to South and is a part of New Holland but only viewed by the Dutch as yet Langhac Langhâ—acum a small City in Auvergne seated in a Plain surrounded almost on all sides by Mountains near the River Allier over which it has a Bridge three Leagues from Fleury to the East and fifteen from Clermont to the South Langhe Langa a small Province in Italy on the South of Piedmont and the Dukedom of Montferrat between the Apennine and the Rivers of Tanaro Vrba and Stura extending also to the Confines of the State of Genoua the City of Alba is the Capital of it This is a fruitful and well peopled Territory Lang-landt an Island belonging to Denmark in the Baltick Sea between the Isles of Fionia Zeland and Haland seven German Miles in length and two in breadth it has sixteen Villages and a strong Castle and from its form is called the long-Long-Land Langley Abbey a Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Cashio not far from Watford Remarkable for being the Birth-place of Pope Adrian IV. who was sometime surnamed Breakspear Lango Cos Coos an Island in the Archipelago called Stinco by the Greeks and Stanco by the Sailors so that this name begins to prevail It lies not above twenty Miles from the Shoars of Asia of a great length and about seventy Miles in Circuit the principal Town in it is Lango which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Rhodes This Island was the native place of Apelles the Painter and Hippocrates the great and most ancient Physcian It was under the Knights of S. John of Jerusalem now of Malta but conquered by the Turks from them under whom it now is Our Sandys who saw it saith it is a delicate Country to behold lying for the most part level only towards the East it is not unprofitably Mountainous from whence fall many Springs which water the Plains below and make them extraordinarily fruitful where grow those Wines valued in all times Cypress Trees and Turpentine with divers other Plants delightful as well as profitable In ancient times it was much regarded on the account of a Temple of Aesculapius to whom this Island was consecrated in which those who recovered out of any Disease Registred their Cures and the Medicines by which they recovered which Hippocrates abridged and recommended to Posterity Langport a Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Pitney upon a Hill near the River Parret in a Moorish Country Langres Andromatunum Lingones Andromadunum Lingonum an ancient great strong and rich City of France in the Province of Champagne near the Fountains of the Marne one of the principal Rivers of France six Miles from the Borders of the Dukedom of Burgundy twenty two from Troyes to the South-East sixteen from Dijon to the North and thirty from Monthelyard to the West This is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Lions the Bishop is always one of the twelve Peers of France and a Duke Near this City Constantine the Great twice overcame the Germans in one of which Battels that Prince slew 60000 of them The Vandals in the beginning of the fourth Century committed great spoils here Within the Diocese there are six hundred Parishes contained and the Territory of Langres giving source to five or six Rivers is thought to stand the highest of any in the Kingdom Divers French Synods have been assembled at it Lang See Verbanus Lacus a Lake in the Duchy of Milan called by the Italians il Lago Magiore and by the Germans Langsée It is extended from North to South 36 Italian Miles in breadth five It lies thirty six Miles from Milan to the North-West and twenty five from Como to the West and is one of the most considerable Lakes in Italy Langis Aturus See Dour Languedoc Volcae Septumani Occitania a Province in France of very large bounds and extent It is the Western part of that which the Romans called Gallia Narbonensis afterwards it was called Gallia Gothica and then the Earldom of Tolouse Bounded on the East by the Rhosne which divides it from Dauphiné and Provence on the South by the County of Rousillon and the Mediterranean Sea on the West it is separated from Gascogne by the Garonne and on the North it has Quercy Rovergne Auvergne and le Forez There are in this Province twenty two Dioceses the principal City in it is Tolouse which is the Seat of the Parliament of this Generality This is also one of the most Populous Rich Fruitful and Pleasant Provinces in France Divided into the Upper and Lower Languedoc to the East and West and watered by the Rivers Rhosne Eraut Vistre Tarn c. The Goths establish'd a Kingdom here in the fifth Century from whom some derive its name as Languedoc quasi Landt-Goth making Tolouse the Capital of the same which they afterwards extended as far as to the River Loyre In 778. Charles the Great granted this Province to the Earls of Tolouse from whom in 1361. K. John finally taking it united it to the Crown of France Lauschet a City of Poland See Lencicia Lantaine Lantana a River in the Earldom of Burgundy which falls into the Saone between Falcougney
inhabited by any but the Wild Arabs though prodigiously fruitful and that he frequently met the ruins of great Cities buried in their own Rubbish whose Memorial was perished with them Lisonzo See Isonzo Lissa an Island belonging to Dalmatia thirty Miles South of Lesina Lissus a River of Thrace said by Herodotus to be drunk dry by Xerxes's Army § This is likewise the ancient Name of the Town Fionissi in Canadia which Strabo calls Lictus See Fionissi And of another in Albania near the Bay of Drin now called Alessio Listra Lystra a City of Lycaonia in the Lesser Asia mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles It lies forty Miles from Cogni Iconium to the West and was once a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Iconium but is now totally ruined and desolate Lita Lete a City of Macedonia upon the Gulph of Thessalonica which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Thessalonica two Miles from it to the South Lithquo See Linlithgo Lithuania a Province and Grand Dukedom belonging to the Kingdom of Poland called by the Inhabitants Litwa by the Germans Littawen by the Poles Litewsky which was heretofore a part of Sarmatia Europaea This Country imbraced the Christian Faith in 1386. Jagellon Grand Duke of Lithuania being made King of Poland and in 1569. this Dukedom was for ever united to the Kingdom of Poland It is bounded on the East by Moscovy or great Russia on the North by the same in part and by Livonia and Samogitia on the West by Poland properly so called and Mozâ—via on the South by Red Russia The Dukedom of Czernichow did heretofore belong to this Province which is now under the Russ The principal Cities are Breslaw Brest Grodno Minsko Mohilow Noovogrodook Poloczk Troki Wilne or Vilna the Capital and Witebsk This is the greatest Province belonging to that Kingdom being in length from the River of Polet to Dassow two hundred and sixty German Miles and in breadth between the Niemen or Memel and the Nieper eighty It is all overspread with Woods Forests and Marshes which since the times of Sigismond I. have yet been very much improved The Air is exceeding cold and the Inhabitants as barbarous Their language is a dialect of the Sclavonick and their Frontiers have been often desolated by the incursions of the Tartars and Moscovites Livadia Lebadia Creusa a City of Boeotia which from this City is now called Livadia It is seated upon a River which falls into a Lake of the same name but was anciently called Cephissus Mr. Wheeler who had seen this Place saith It is an ancient City and still called by its ancient name the Greeks pronouncing B as we do the V Consonant The ancient buildings are yet remaining we found saith he several Inscriptions to the same purpose it is situate about a pointed Hill on the top of which is an old Castle on the N. side of the high Cliffs of a Mountain of a moderate height which I took to be part of the Helicon till I found it afterwards parted from it by a Valley therefore I now take it to be Mount Tilphusium This City stands fifteen Leagues from Delphis now Salona to the East From this City all that part of Greece which was anciently called Achaia is now called Livadia lying from Negropont in the East to the Ionian Sea West having Thessalia on the North the Gulph of Lepanto the Hexamilia and the Bay of Corinth on the South in which stand Lepanto Salona Livadia and Athens Livenza Liquentia a River in the State of Venice which ariseth in the borders of Bellunese and flowing South separates the Marquisate of Treviso from Friuli then falls into the Venetian Gulph twenty Miles from Venice to the South East Livonia called by the Inhabitants lieâ—Lieâ—land by the Poles Inflanty by the French Livonie is a great and cultivated Province of the Kingdom of Poland ever since it was taken from the Knights of the Teutonick Order but the greatest part of it has since been taken from them by the Swedes It is bounded on the North by the Bay of Finland on the West with the Bay of Riga both parts of the Baltick Sea on the South with Samogithia and Lituania and on the East with Ingria and Pleskow two Provinces belonging to the Russ It is divided into four Counties Esten Esthonia Curland Semigallen and Letten Esten is under the Swede and also Letten except a little part towards the East which the Russ have Curland and Semigallen are subject to a Duke who is a Feudatary of the Crown of Poland there belong to it also Oesel and Dagho two Islands in the Baltick Sea which were possessed by the Dane till in 1645. by a Treaty at Bromsbro they were yielded to the Swede The chief Towns in it are Narva Parnaw Revel Riga the Capital Derpt and Wolmer It s length from Narva to Memmel is ninety German Miles its breadth from the Sea to Dodina sixty It produceth Wheat in abundance which the Dwina and Narva bring down to Riga and Narva for Exportation Its Forests abound with wild Boars Bears c. which come over the Narva out of Russia This People being then Barbarous began to imbrace the Christian Faith about 1161. Meinradus became their first Bishop in 1190. The way of Instruction being thought too slow by his Successors Albertus one of them instituted an Order of Knights to Bang them into Christianity which were called the Livonian Order but in time united with the Teutonick in 1237. About 1525. these two Orders were again parted by Albert Duke of Brandenburgh and Sigismond King of Poland put an end to them in 1587. In 1617. the Swedes became Masters of this Country In 1634. the Muscovites ceded all their right to it to Ladislaus K. of Poland who by the treaty of Stumsdorf confirmed the Swedes in the possession of as much as they held on the North of the Dwina for twenty six years All which was entirely yielded to them in 1660. by the peace of Oliva Livorno See Ligorne Lizaine Liricinus a River in Normandy The Lizard Point the furthest South-West Point or Cape of the Goon-hilly Downes in Cornwal which is a tract pretty large shooting forth from the main Land into the South Sea In Latin called Danmoniorum Promontorium Lizza Laodicea Llanbeder a Market Town in Cardiganshire in Wales in the Hundred of Moythen Llandaff Landava a small City and a Bishops See in the County of Clamorgan in South Wales seated upon the West side of the River Taff three Miles to the North from the Sea This Bishoprick was Founded by Germanus and Lupus two Holy French Bishops about 522. And Dubricius a Holy Man was made the first Bishop to whom Meuricke a British Lord freely gave all the Land that lieth between the Taff and the Elei But one Kitchin a Bishop about the time of the Reformation so wasted the Revenue that it will scarce maintain its Bishop Dr. William Beaw the seventy sixth Bishop is the present
private Buildings of great beauty and expence so that all considered it is one of the greatest richest and most populous Cities of Italy containing no less than seven Miles in compass and besides the Security the Sea gives it and the Neighbouring Mountains which serve instead of Ramparts it has four strong Castles or Citadels for its security which were built at several times by William III. a Norman Charles I. Brother to S. Lewis King of France Ferdinand King of Aragon and the Emperour Charles V. In the Metropolitan Church dedicated to S. Januarius they preserve the Blood of that Saint in a Glass congealed which they pretend melts and bubbles when the Head of the same Saint is brought near it And in the Church of the Dominicans they show the Crucifix which you are told spoke these words to S. Thomas Aquinas Benâ— de me scripsisti Thoma quamnam mercedem habebis whereunto he made answer Nullam domine praeter teipsum The Italians give Naples the name of la Gentile for its beauty and neatness it attracting all the Nobility of the Kingdom to it But their Proverb goes further Ma la gente cativa tuttavia un paradiso habitato da diavoli The people are bad it is altogether a Paradise inhabited by Devils This City is so very ancient it is reported to be built by Hercules about the year of the World 2725. in the times of Thola Judge of Israel The Chalcidians rebuilt or inlarged it and instead of Parthenope its old Name called it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is the New Town The Romans took it from the Samnites about the year of Rome 463. after three or four bloody Wars Being subjected to that State the Inhabitants of this City are much celebrated for their Fidelity to Rome and ever after the Battel of Cannae would not submit to Hannibal till he made use of force against them In the year of Rome 537. together with Rome and the rest of Italy in the fifth Century this City became a prey to the Goths and other Barbarous Nations amongst them to the Lombards from whom it passed to Charles the Great After this it fell under the Saracens In 1008. the Normans began under Tancred to enter upon this Stage whose Children drove out both the Greeks and Saracens and possessed this City and Kingdom under the Title of Earls of Calabria in 1216. there was an University opened here by Frederick II. Emperour of Germany The rest of its Fate depends on the Changes in the Kingdom except that prodigious Revolution in 1647. when one Masanello a poor Fisher Boy appearing against the Spaniards who had over-much oppressed this populous City by their Impositions raised such a storm against them as bid fair for the excluding them for ever out of that Kingdom In June 1688. Naples suffered extraordinarily by an Earthquake several days The Kingdom of Naples Nepolitanum Regnum has its name from its principal City but was at first called the Kingdom of Sicily as it is still in all the Publick Acts. It is bounded on the West with the Lands of the Church and on all other sides surrounded with the Mediterranean Sea Under the first Kings it was divided into four parts at present into twelve Provinces or Counties it has about thirty Cities great and small It s length from North to South ninety German Miles that is from the River of Tronto to the Cape of Spartivento and its breadth from Cape Massa not far from Naples to Cape Gargani or â—â—onte di S. Angelo on the Venetian Gulph thirty About the year of Christ 1000. this Kingdom was miserably harrased by the Saracens and Greeks then expelling the Children of Charles the Great The Normans drove out first the Saracens and then the Greeks In 1125. Pope Anacletus II. gave this Kingdom to Roger Earl of Sicily excluding the Children of William his Elder Brother In 1196 another Usurper dispossessed this Line and called in Henry VI. Emperour of Germany His Posterity injoyed it till 1261. when Charles Earl of Anjou entered and slew Manfred IV. the last of the German Line His Posterity injoyed it four Descents more when Charles IV. in the year 1371. entered and slew Joan Queen of Naples In the year 1434. Alphonso King of Arragon partly by Adoption and partly by Conquest got this Kingdom from another Joan the third of the Caroline Descent His Posterity injoyed it five Descents till Ferdinand III. King of Castile and Arragon dispossessed them in 1503. In this Family it is at this day Charles the present King of Spain being the sixth from Ferdinando Napo a River of the Kingdom of Peru in South America passing by Avila in the Province of Quiros to join it self with the River of Amazons Napoli di Barbaria a Town near Tripoli in Barbary called also Lebeda and Lepe Napoli di Nalvasia See Malvasia Napoli di Romania Nauplia Anaplia a City on the Eastern Shoar of the Morea in the Province of Romania anciently a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Corinth but that City being ruined it became an Archbishoprick it self This City stands upon the River Inachus sixty Miles from Misitra to the North-East fifty five from Athens to the North-West and thirty six from Corinth to the South Surrounded on all sides but the North with the Sea its Shoars are so very high and steep that an Enemy can neither land nor batter its Walls with their Cannon On the West it has a large and safe Haven secured by a Fort built upon a Rock in the midst of its Mouth and shut up on both sides by two Chains which from this Fort reach to the Town on the North side and to another Fort on the Continent to the South The Mountain of Palamede on the North commands the Town in all other points it is situated as well for Defence as Commerce equal to any place in Europe Said to have been built by Nauplius a Son of Hercules and to have been one of the most ancient Towns in the Morea It was first taken from the Greeks by the Venetians and French in 1205. But it did not long remain in their hands before it was retaker with the slaughter of all their Garrison and Governour In the thirteenth Century it fell into the hands of Mary d' Erigane Relict of Peter Son of Frederick Cornar Piscopia This Lady not being able to preserve it from the Turks resigned it to the Venetians in 1383. who fortified it the Turks however frequently attempted it Mahomet II. sent Machmut a Bassa with a potent Army to reduce it by force which design miscarried in 1460. After him Solyman the Magnificent in 1537. again besieged it and lost a great part of his Army to no purpose before it but about two years after upon a Treaty the Venetians surrendred it to purchase a Peace of him In 1686. the Venetians again came before it with a considerable Fleet and Army and having beaten the Serasquier of the Morea and
Pont sur Jonne three Leagues from Sens and for Pontroy or Pongoin in la Perche upon the Eure. Ponte Mole Milvius Pons an ancient Bridge belonging to the City of Rome over the Tiber. It lies two Miles above the City to the East Near this Bridge Maxentius was defeated and in his passage over the River drowned in the Year 312. By which Victory Constantine the Great obtained the Empire of the World Pontus an ancient Kingdom in the Lesser Asia betwixt Bithynia and Paphlagonia extended along the Pontus Euxinus or Black Sea and famous heretofore in the Person of Mithridates the Great its King who upon the News of the revolt of his Son Pharnaces against him killed himself in the Year of Rome 691. after a Reign of fifty seven years Heraclea Ponti was its Capital City The Romans reduced this Kingdom into a Province Ponza Pontia an Island of the Mediterranean upon the Coast of the Kingdom of Naples known by the banishment of divers famous Romans to it Ponzone a small Town in the Duchy of Montferrat in Italy It suffered very much in the Wars till the Peace at Quieras in 1631. Pool a Market and Borough Town and Port in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Cogdean enclosed on all sides except Northward with an out let of the Sea called Luckford Lake and admitting an entrance into it by one Gate only Henry VI. first granted it the privilege of a Haven and leave to the Mayor to Wall it In this Haven the Sea ebbs and flows four times in twenty four hours It elects two Parliament Men and has the honor besides to be a County Corporate Potremoli Pontremulium a Town and Seigniory in Italy anciently called Apua at the Foot of the Apennine in the Eastern Borders of the States of Genoua fifteen Miles from Genoua to the East and eleven from Massa to the North. This Town and Seigniory in the Year 1650 was sold by the Spaniards to the Duke of Tuscany under whom it now is and has belonging to it a strong Castle Popayan Popaiana a great Province in South America in the Terra Firma towards the Mountains which on the West is bounded by the South Sea on the South by Peru on the East by New Granada and on the North by New Carthagena It s greatest extent is from North to South The Capital City of it is Popayan seated near the rise of the River of S. Martha one hundred and forty Miles from the South Sea to the East It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop de Sancta Fé d' Antiquera The other Cities are Caramanta Arma Sancta Anna d' Anzerma Carthagena Cali Amaguer and Agreda Under the Spaniards Popfingen Popfinga a small City in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany in the Tract of Riess upon the River Eger One Mile from Norlingen to the West An Imperial and Free City Porentru Brundusia a Town in Switzerland called by the Inhabitants Brontrut by the French Porentru The Seat of the Bishop of Basil and subject to him It stands in the Borders of Suntgow and the Higher Alsatia upon the River Halle three German Miles from Ferrette or Pfirt to the West and six from Basil The Tract in which it stands is called Elsgaw Pormon Thermodon a River of Cappadocia which falls into the Euxine Sea Poros an Island in the Gulph of Corinth or d' Engina between the Morea and Athens eighteen Miles in compass and very fruitful and populous Now under the Venetians Portalegre or Porto-Alegre Portus Alacris Amaea a City in Portugal in the Province of Alentejo towards the Borders of Extremadura which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Evora fourteen Miles from that City and twenty eight from Lisbon to the East thirty three from the Atlantick Ocean East Well fortified upon a River and giving the Title of a Count. Port-au-Prince a Town upon the South Coast of the Isle of Cuba in the West-Indies with a Port which drives a great Trade in Hides Port aux Prunes a Country in the North of the Isle of Madagascar Il Portatore Vfens a River in Campagna di Roma in the States of the Church which ariseth at a place called Casenoue two Miles from Sezze a Town in the same Province and falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea near Terracina sixty Miles from Naples to the West Portland Vindelis a small Peninsula in Dorsetshire which shoots into the British Sea about nine Miles from North to South The principal place in it is called Portland Castle built by Henry VIII Opposite to which towards Weymouth on the Land side stands Sandford Castle and these two together command all Ships that pass into the road here This Island belongs to the Church of Winchester by the Gift of Edward the Confessor It hath one Church on the South East side near the Sea affords Corn in good plenty and excellent pasture for Sheep but its Quarries of Stone of late much used in Building are its most remarkable Commodity Charles I. in 1632 Created Richard Lord Weston of Neyland Lord High Treasurer of England Earl of Portland which Title continued in the same Family for three successions in the Persons of Jeremy Son to Richard Charles Son and Heir to Jeremy and Thomas Weston Uncle to Charles Porto Puerto ein Port un Port a Port or Haven is a part of the Sea so inclosed and deep that Ships may safely ride in it Load and Unload whether it be made by Art or Nature All which vulgar Names in Italian Spanish German French and English are derived from the Latin Word Portus signifying the same thing Porto Portus Augusti Portus Romanus an Episcopal City which once stood at the Mouth of the Tiber in the States of the Church and had a considerable Port to it built by the Emperor Claudius then repair'd by Trajan But both that and the City for the unwholsomeness of the Air have been deserted and destroyed tho giving a title to one of the six Senior Cardinals Porto Port à Port and Cividad de Puerto Portus Cale is a great City and a considerable Mart in the Kingdom of Portugal at the Mouth of the Douro on the North Side of that River which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Braga and has a large safe and convenient Haven upon the Western Ocean within one League of which this City is built eight from Braga to the South and forty seven from Lisbon to the North. This City took its Name from Cale a Village near it and gave the Name of Portugal to the Kingdom before called Lusitania it being one of the first and most frequented Ports of that Kingdom Long. 11 15. Lat. 41. 10. Porto de Acaxutla a great and celebrated Port in New Spain in America in the Province of Guatimala upon the South Sea near Sancta Trinidada Porto Belo Portus Belus a new City in South America upon the Shoars of the North Sea which has a celebrated Haven secured by two strong Forts
Pius II. It was a flourishing University in 1386. but when founded is not known to me Several Popes Alexander III. Pius II. Pius III. Alexander VII and great Men have been Natives of this place its greatest glory is S. Catherine of Siena a Dominican who persuaded Pope Gregory IX to leave Avignon She died in 1380. Canonized by Pope Pius II. in 1461. Sierra-Liona a chain of Mountains upon the Frontiers of Nigritia and Guinee in Africa therefore placed sometimes in the one and sometimes in the other by Writers It gives name to the River Sierra-Liona and to a large African Kingdom whither the English French Dutch and Porteguese traffick for Ivory Ambergrease Pepper Crystal Coral pieces of Gold c. The English for the security of their Commerce built themselves a Fort upon the River Sierra-Liona which in 1664 was lost to the Dutch In 1607 the King of this Country with his Family and others received Christian Baptism of Father Barreira a Portuguese Jesuit of the Mission The Portuguese called him Dom Philippe de Lion in allusion to the name of his Kingdom The present King is also a Christian tho the greatest part of the People Heathens His Kingdom extends from Cape Verga to Cape Tagrin and hath its name from the noise of the Sea against the Rocks and the thunder from the Mountains of it resembling the roaring of a Lion Sierras-Nevadas a Chain of Mountains in Castile d'Or in South America extended the space of forty Leagues and accounted two in height being tho near the Line in the hottest seasons always covered on the top with Snow as it is intimated in its Name Siga a City of Mauritania Caesariensis in Africa with a Port upon the Mediterranean in the Kingdom of Algiers It is an ancient City and in Christian times has been a Bishop's See Now called Humain A River of its own name Siga falls into the Mediterranean here Sigan a City of the Province of Xensi in China which is the Capital over thirty five other Cities Sige and Sigeium Promontorium an ancient Episcopal City of Troas in Asia minor ruined For the Promontory see Janizzari Sigeth Salinae Metuharis a strong Town the Head of a County of the same Name in the lower Hungary seated in a Marsh made by the River Alme two Hungarian Miles from the Drave seven from Alba Regalis to the South and five from Quinque Ecclesiae to the West It has a very strong Castle fortified with three Ditches and as many Walls which added to the situation of it make it very considerable Solyman the Magnificent ended his Life at Quinque Ecclesiae during the Siege of this place which was yielded to the Turks September 7. 1566 after a Defence that wanted nothing but Success to have rendered it the most celebrated that has happened Nicolas Esdrin Count of Serini Governour of it being slain in the last Sally which he made at the head of his remaining Forces It is now in the Emperor's hands by re-conquest surrendred January 15 1688. The Imperialists found therein eighty five pieces of Cannon § There is another Town of the same Name in the Vpper Hungary near the Fountains of the Tibiscus in the Principality of Transylvania Sign a Venetian Garrison in Dalmatia besieged by the Turks twenty four days in 1687 and relieved by the Forces of the Republick under General Cornaro Silaro Silarus a River in the Kingdom of Naples in former times the Boundary of Lucania and now often called il Selo and il Silaro It ariseth in the Hither Principate from the Apennine and falls into the Bay of Salerno eighteen Miles from that City to the East Il Sile Silis a River in the States of Venice which watereth the City of Treviso and then falls into the Adriatick Sea Silesia a great Province in the Kingdom of Bohemia called by the Inhabitants Slisko by the Poles Slusko by the Germans Schlesien Bounded on the East by Poland on the North by the Marquisate of Brandenburgh on the West with Lusatia and Bohemia properly so called on the South with Moravia and the Vpper Hungary It was for eight hundred and sixty years a part of Poland and revolted from that Crown under Vladislaus Loch King of Poland in 1327. In the fifteenth Century this Country generally imbraced the Doctrines of John Hus which were tolerated by Rhodolphus II. in 1609. It had at first several Princes of Royal and Sovereign Jurisdictions in their several Principalities which together with the Piastean Family ended in the Person of George William in 1675 whereupon that Country returned entirely to the Emperor as King of Bohemia having been above three hundred years ago united to the Kingdom of Bohemia The Principal Cities and Towns in this Province are Brieg Crossen Glogaw Grotkaw Jawer Lignitz Monsterberg Olss Troppaw Oppelen Ratibor Sagan Schweidnitz Volaw and Breslaw which is the Capital City of this Country It is divided into the Vpper and Lower Silesia The Isles of Silly Silurum Insulae Casiterides a knot of Islands in the Vergivian Ocean to the West of the Land's end of Cornwal an hundred and twenty Miles South of the Coast in Ireland sixty from the Land's end and an hundred and forty from Cape S. Mahe in Britagne The French call them the Sorlingues They are and ever have been under the Crown of England in all above an hundred and forty five all clad with Grass or green Moss The greatest of them is S. Mary which has a Town and Harbor of the same Name Where Queen Elizabeth in 1593 built a Castle to defend it from the Spaniards and fixed a Garrison in it King Athelstane was the first of the Saxon Kings that conquered them See Cambden Simmeren a Town and County in the Palatinate of the Rhine in Germany The Town hath a Castle belonging to it Simois a small River of Troas in Phrygia in the Lesser Asia It arileth out of Mount Ida and joining with the Scamander falls into the Archipelago together with it near Cape Janizari at the entrance into the Streights of Gallipoli Sin Sina a City in the Kingdom of China in the Province of Choquang seated at the foot of a Mountain § Also a Desart betwixt the Mountains Elim and Sinai in Arabia whither the Israelites in their March came the fifteenth day after their departure from Egypt and murmuring for hunger were relieved by an extraordinary Rain of Quails and Manna Exod. 16. 4. 13. Sinai a part of the Mountain Horeb upon the Coast of the Red Sea in the Stony Arabia separated by a large Valley from the Mountain of S. Catherine It hath at some distance from its foot a Spring of good Water and upon the top two Grotto's in Rocks at this day said to be the place where Moses received the Tables of the Law and where he passed his forty days fast It is now wholly covered with a Multitude of Chappels Convents Cells and Gardens possessed by some Latin amongst a crowd of
Africa Adda Addua a River that parts the Dukedom of Milan from the State of Venice it ariseth in the Alpes and falls into the Po 6 Miles above Cremona towards Placentia also the name of a Country in the Milanese betwixt this River and Serio memorable for the Victory obtained by Lewis XII of France over the Venetians May. 14. 1509. Adea a Kingdom of Aethiopia in Africa extended upon the Eastern Ocean at the entrance of the Red Sea It was once under the Kings of Aethiopia but has now a King who doth not depend upon them Magadoxo the Capital of this Kingdom and a Sea-Port is become a separate Kingdom also it lies in three degrees of Northern Latitude Adegele Chrysorrhoas a River of Damascus in Scripture called Pharpar it flows through Damascus and its fields where it is lost and never reacheth the Sea its Fountains are in Libanus This is one of the Rivers mentioned by Naaman the Syrian 2 King 5. as better than all the Waters of Israel Adel a small Kingdom in Africa at the mouth of the Red Sea heretofore called Azania with a City and a River of the same name Adelsperg Postonia Pistonia a Town in Croatia Aden a very strong Town in Arabia Foelix at the Foot of the Mountains not far from the Mouth of the Red Sea It has a very large Sea-Port and is also the head of a Kingdom of the same name The Turks in 1538. took this Town and hang'd up their King but not long after the Inhabitants revolted and put themselves under the Protection of the King of Mocha and expelled the Turks again This Country was known to the Romans by the name of Adana who had here a great Trade § Also a Mountain in the Kingdom of Fez remarkable for Mines of Silver § There is a City of the same name in Cilicia which is an Archbishoprick under the Patriarch of Antioch upon the River Malmistra or Piramus and often mention'd by the antient Geographers Ader or Eder a Tower within a Mile of Bethlehem said to be built by the Patriarch Jacob and that here the Shepherds were advertised by Angels of the Birth of our Saviour Aderborn a small Town in Pomerania upon the Oder a little above Stetin belonging to the Swedes Aderburg a small Town in the Electorate of Brandenbourg upon the Oder Adiabene a Province of the antient Assyria which for some time was itself a Kingdom now called Bolan or according to others Mesere and Sarca It s two Rivers Adiabas and Diabas are mention'd by A. Marcellinus Admirati a River of Sicily Whether this or Bajaria be the Eleutherus of the Antients is a dispute amongst Geographers Adon a small River of Bretagne in France which falls into the Vilaine Adonis a River of Phaenicia in Syria arising near to Mount Libanus and dividing the Kingdom and Patriarchate of Jerusalem from Tripoli and the Patriarchate of Antioch falls into the Mediterranean near Gibel Adour a River of Aquitain vide Dour Adra a small Sea-Coast Town in the Kingdom of Granada in Spain with a Port and a strong Castle it stands upon the Mediterranean Sea 9 Leagues to the West of Almeria which has robb'd it of the Bishops Sea heretofore belonging to it Adran Adranon a Town in Sicily of old famous for an Idol Temple of the name Adraon Adraton a City and sometime a Bishops See in Arabia mention'd corruptly by the name of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in the 16th Session of the Council of Chalcedon Adraste a Territory and an ancient City in Mysia famous heretofore for a Temple dedicated to Nemesis Adria Atri Hadria a City and an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Ravenna in the Polesine in the States of Venice little inhabited Some believe the Adriatique Ocean which we now call the Gulph of Venice derived its Name from hence Adrianople Vscudama Oresta is a City in the midst of Thrace taken by Bajazet in 1362. after which it became the Seat of their Empire till the takeing of Constantinople An. 1403. This City was rebuilt by Hadrian the Roman Emperor from whom it has its Name but is now called by the Turks Endrem by the French Adrianople It is an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Constantinople and is distant from it 150 Miles West being seated upon the River Mariza Hebrus The late deposed Emperor of the Turks for the most part resided in it he hating Constantinople and loving Hunting Adrinza the present Name of Assyria once the Mistris of the World Adrobe a River of that part of the Asian Tartary which is subject to the Moscovites it falls into the Wolga beneath Cazan Adrumete the same with Mahometa Adula the Name of a part of the Alpes from S. Gothard Aduliten Adulis an antient City in Africa upon the red Sea now called Ercoco Adyrmachides an antient People of Libya towards Egypt Their Daughters newly married were presented to their King who had a right to use or refuse them Aethiopia is about one half of Africa it is divided into two parts the Upper and the Lower The Upper is bounded on the North by Egypt and Libya on the West by the Lower Aethiopia as also on the South on the East it is bounded by the Red Sea and the Arabian and Barbarian Bays it contains Nubia Abissinia the Kingdoms of Muaci Macoci and Zanguebar c. The Lower Aethiopia is bounded on the North by Libya on the East by the Upper Aethiopia on the West and South by the Aethiopian Ocean It contains the Kingdoms of Monomotapa and Monemugi the Western Aethiopians which are divided into the Kingdoms of Congi Loangi and Angola c. This more Southern Part of Africa which was little known to the Ancients was found out by the Portugals Aferat The present Name of Euphrates one of the most celebrated Rivers in the World called by the Arabians Frat it springeth from the Mountains of Armenia Major and running to the West receives the Harpage and Arsametes then it bends to the South and divides the greater Armenia from the lesser Then it washeth Mesopotamia on the West and South and divides it from Syria and Arabia Deserta and at Cresiphon it runs into the Tigris with which it falls into the Persian Gulph beneath Teredon and Balsera Afra a strong Castle upon the Frontiers of Zaara in Africa and stands divided into Egypt Barbary Biledulgerid or Numidia Zaara or Libya Nigritia and Aethiopia AFRICA one of the four principal Parts of the Earth so called by the Grecians because it seldom feels any Cold it is bounded on the North by the Mediterranean Sea on the West and South by the Ocean on the East by the Arabian Gulph and the Red Sea being only joyned to Asia by a Neck of Land It was anciently known no farther South than to the Mountains of the Moon till the Portugueses of late discovered the Southern Parts The inland parts of it are generally barren and
the first King of the Britains after the Romans forsook them who is here supposed to have been slain and buried Cambden Ambrisi Ambrisius a River in the remotest Aethiopia in the Kingdom of Congo it ariseth in the Mountains near the City of Tinda and falls into the Aethiopick Ocean between Lelunda and the Lose about 5 deg from the Line South Ambroise a small Town at the entrance into Piedmont upon the River Doria Near to it stands the celebrated Abby of L'Ecluse that they say was built by the hands of Angels belonging to the Benedictines and one of the four chief Houses in Europe of that Order Ambroni an antient People of Switzerlandâ— or according to some of Dauphiné in France on the side of Ambrune Marius gave them a bloody Overthrow near the little River Arc in Provence between Aix and S. Maximin in the year of Rome 652. The Marks of this Victory being yet extant upon the Rests of a Pyramid there Ambrune a City in the Dauphinate of France call'd in Latin Ebrodunum It is an Archbishops See small but strong seated upon the River Durance which falls into the Rhosne one League beneath Avignon it lies 23 Leagues North-East of Grenoble and 37 from Liâ—nt Amel a Kingdom of Africa upon the Atlantick Ocean between the Outlets of the River Niger and on the Western side of it Amelant an Island belonging to the Dutch in the German Ocean on the Shoars of Friseland Amelia a City of S. Peter's Patrimony in Italy said to be built 964 years before Perseus It is an independent Bishops See about 6 Miles from Narni The Ameria of the Antients and the birth-place of that Roscius whose Cause is defended by Cicero AMERICA the Fourth Part of the World and greater than the other Three Wholly unknown to us till 1499. when Christopher Columbo or Colono a Genouese first discovered it at the Charges of Ferdinando and Isabella King and Queen of Spain Americus Vespuccio a Florentine seven years after being sent by Emanuel King of Portugal went further and discovered the Continent and from him it has its Name but it is no less frequently call'd the West-Indies It lies in length from North to South under the shape of two vast Peninsula's knit together by the Streights of Panama where the Land is not above 17 Leagues from Sea to Sea On the Western side it has the Pacifick Ocean on the East the Atlantick on the South the Streights of Magellan or Le-Maire but as to the North the Bounds of it are not discoâ—ered by reason of the great Cold and nearness to the Northern Pole Great part of it is under the Spaniards viz. Peru New Spain Terra firma Paragua Chili and many of the Northern and Southern Islands yet divers of the Maritime parts are under the Portugals English French and Hollanders Particularly the English either by being first Occupants or else by Conquest have made themselves Masters of the large Northern Continents adjoining to Hudson's Bay New England Virginia Mary-Land Carolina and of many adjacent Islands and in the more Southern Parts they are possessed of the wealthy Islands of Jamaica Barbadoes Mevis c. Those Natives that live in these parts with the Europeans are much civilized but those that inhabit the Inland Countries retain their antient barbarous Customs This vast Continent is divided into the Southern and Northern Ameica by the Bay of Mexico and the Streights of Panama The Islands which lie about it in both the Oceans are too numerous to be here recounted Amersford a small Town in the State of Vtrecht in Holland upon the River Em under the Dominion of the United States tho once an Imperial City In 1624. it was taken by the Spaniards but soon after retaken by the Dutch and in 1672. it fell into the hands of the French who deserted it two years after It lies about 3 Leagues East of Vtrecht Amersham a Market-Town in Buckinghamshire See Agmundesham Amhara See Amara Amida See Caramit Amiens Samarobrina Samarobriga the chief City of Picardy and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Rheims it stands upon the River Somme mid-way in the Road between Calais and Paris about 25 French Miles from each It was a long time the Frontier Town of France surprized by the Spaniards in 1597. but soon after retaken by that Victorious Prince Henry IV. Built by Antonius Pius the Emperour and was call'd at first Samarobriga that is the Bridge upon Samara In the Cathedral Church of Nostre Dame they preserve the Head of S. John Baptist which they say was found by a Gentleman of Picardy at the taking of Constantinople in 1204. as a most extraordinary Relique There is an Historical Treatise of this Head written by the Sieur du Cange The Country l' Amiennois takes it Name from Amiens Amilo Amulus a River in Mauritania mention'd by Pliny Amiterno an antient City in the Province of Abruzzo in Italy and sometime an Episcopal See which has been translated to Aquila It was the Birth place of the Historian Salust The Ruins of a Theatre a Church and a great Tower are yet to be seen Amititan or Amuitan a Lake in New Spain in America Amixoeares an American People of Brasil Ammerze Ammer a great Lake or Marsh in Bavaria in Germany The Ammonites an antient People of Palestine descended from Ammon the Son of Lot in the History of the Old Testament famous for their Wars with Israel who gave them several great Defeats under Jephtha Saul Joab Joatham and Judas Macchabeus § Also another antient People of Libya in Africa who lived toward the Temple of Jupiter Ammon Amond Almon a River in the County of Lothain in Scotland It falls into Edenburg Fyrth Amone or Lamone a River arising at the foot of the Apennines in Italy and passing by Faenza to fall into the Po near Ravenna Amorbach Amorbachium a Town of Franconia in Germany upon the River Muldt under the Elector of Mentz Amorium an antient City of Phrygia in Asia Minor and sometime an Archiepiscopal See under the Patriarch of Constantinople Taken and burnt by the Saracens in 840. The Amorites an antient People of Palestine descended from Canaan who with their two Kings Sehon and Og were vanquish'd by the Israelites and their Country distributed amongst the Tribes of Ruben Gad and Manasseh Ampatres an Indian People in the Island of Madagascar Ampelusia Ampelos a Cape upon the Streights of Gibraltar in Mauritania Tingitana now call'd Cape Esparto § Also a Town and Cape in Macedonia call'd now Capo Canistro § And a Cape in Crete now call'd Capo Sagro Amphaxe a small Town upon the Gulph of Contessa in Macedonia It did antiently give Name to the Country Amphaxites Amphipolis See Emboli Amphryse a River in Thessalia § Another in Phrygia in Asia Minor and a Town in Phocis Ampthill a Market-Town in Bedfordshire The Earl of Alesbury has a noble Seat here Ampurdan a Country of Catalonia its capital City was the
South-East Aquileja is call'd by the French Aquilee by the Germans Aglar and Aglareu a Patriarchal City of Italy in antient times very great and one of the principal Cities of Italy the Residence of some Emperours In 452. Attila King of the Huns took and destroyed it after a Siege of 3 Years after this being rebuilt by Narsetes it was again Burnt and Ruin'd by the Lombards in 590. and was after this rebuilt by Poponâ— Patriarch of it In antient times it was under the temporal Jurisdiction of these Patriarchs but being afterwards taken by the Dukes of Austria it remains to this day in their hands It is now almost desolate by reason of its bad Air troublesom Rubbish and Ruins and the Vicinity of Venice which draws all Trade from it This City lies between the River Isonzo to the East and Ansa to the West and is not above 9 Miles distant from the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea on the North. It lies in 36. 10. Long. and 45. 45. Lat. Aquino Aquinum a very antient City in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Capona and heretofore a Roman Colony Almost Ruin'd and little consiberable now but for its being the Birth-place of S. Thomas Aquinas as formerly of the Poet Juvenal Aquisgrana Aquisgranum See Aix la Chapelle Aqutaine Aquatania a third Part of the antient Gaul supposed to be so call'd from the abundance of its Waters The Emperour Augustus divided it into Prima and Secunda including within both Bordeaux Agne Angoulesme Xaintes Poitiers Perigueux Bourges Clermont Rodes Albi Cahors Limoges Mende and Puy Whereunto the Emperour Adrian added a third Province by the Name of Novempopulonia See Gascoigne This Country continued in Obedience to the Roman Empire till Honorius about the Year 412. yielded part thereof to Athaulfe King of the Goths whose Successours took occasion thereupon to Usurp the whole About the Year 630. it came into the Possession of the Crown of France entirely The Gascoigners soon revoulted giving to Eudos their Leader the Title of Duke of Aquitain which brought on a War that was not ended till the powerful Reign of Charles the Great In 778. Charles the Great erected Aquitaine into a Kingdom in the Person of Lewis the Debonnaire his Son It continued a Kingdom about 100 Years and then broke into particular Fiefs and Hereditaments In 1152. it came to the Crown of England as Dukes of Aquitaine in the right of Eleanor Wife to Henry II. For its fortunes since see Gascoigne Arabia is a very large Country in Asia having on the North Syria and Diarbechia upon the East the Persian Gulph and the Streights of Basor by which it is separated from Persia on the South it has the Arabian Sea and on the West the Red Sea which cuts it off in great part from Africa The Southern and Eastern parts which are the greatest are well cultivated but the Northern is for the most part barren and sandy having but few Inhabitants or Cities by reason of the vast Desarts barren Mountains and want of Water It is all under Princes of its own except a small part of Arabia Petraea in which the Turks have some few Forts This vast Country is divided into three Parts viz. The Desart The Happy and The Stony Arabia Deserta the Desart is the least part of all the three and lies most North call'd by the Asiaticks Berii Arabistan bounded on the South by the Mountains of Arabia the Happy on the East by the Province of Iraca heretofore Chaldea upon the North by Diarvechia from which it is separated by the River Euphrates upon the West by Syria the Holy Land and Arabia the Stony Arabia Foelix the Happy is the greatest of all the three parts and lies extended to the South and East it is call'd by the Inhabitants Jemen and is encompass'd on all sides by the Sea except towards the North where it bounds upon the other two Arabia's There are in this part many Kingdoms and great Cities the Soil being fruitful and the Country not easie to be invaded by the neighbour Nations by reason of its Situation Arabia Petraea the Stony lies more West and is call'd by the Turks Dase-lik Arabistan or as others say Baraab Arabistan by the Natives it is bounded on the North by the Holy Land and part of Syria on the East by Arabia Deserta in part and by Arabia Foelix in part as also on the South and on the West it has the Red Sea and Egypt Two things have made these Countries known to all the World The wandering of the Children of Israel 40 Years in the first and the Birth of that great Deceiver Mahomet in the latter of these three Parts Aracuâ—es a People of Chili which are the most Warlike of all the Americans Arach Parthia a Province of the Kingdom of Persia Arach Petra the chief City of Arabia Petraea once the capital City of Moab and then call'd Rabath afterwards an Archbishops See under the Patriarch of Jerusalem being taken from the Patriarch of Alexandria it was also once call'd Cyriacopolis and Mons Regalis by some now Krach it stands upon the Confines of Palestine near the Brook Zareth and lies in 66. 45. Long. and 30. 20. Lat. Arad Caucasus is a Mountain of Asia which the Fable of Prometheus has made very well known It is that part of Mount Taurus which lies betwixt the Euxine or Black Sea on the West and the Caspian Sea on the East including the Mengrelians Coraxicos Caitachians Heniochos and the Achaeans Achaeos It is continued also amongst the Asiatick Tartars as far as to the Cimmerian Bosphorus now commonly call'd Cocas This Mountain is very high and always covered with Snow It is call'd by Hayton the Armenian Cochias by others Albsor by Niger Adazer by Circassians Salatto and by the French le mont de Circassie Aradus an Island and City of Phaenicia in the Syrian Ocean over against Tortosa sometime the Seat of a Bishop till it fell under the Tyranny of the Turks Arafat a Mountain within a League or two of Mecca in Arabia On the top of it there is a Mosque whither the Mahometan Pilgrims repair tofinish their Devotions after their performance of the Ceremonies of Mecca It is the same they say that Abraham would have Sacrificed his Son Isaac upon in Commemoration whereof before they part they kill some Sheep in the Valley of Mina below and what they present not amongst their Friends they distribute to the Poor by the name of Corban that is their Oblation Aragon See Arragon Arais Araxes See Achlar Arakil-Uanc a Celebrated Village and Monastery at the foot of Ararat in Armenia in great esteem amongst the People there who believe it to be the place where Noah after the Deluge retired to offer his Sacrifices of Thanksgiving to God for his miraculous Preservation Aran Arania is a very fruitful Vale in Aquitain â—n France which lies between
Gates of Geneva Gold is found amongst its Sands Arundale Aruntina Vallis a Corporation in Sussex upon the River Arun in which there is a Castle a stately place strong by Art and Nature The Name State and Dignity of Earl belongs to whoever is possessed of this Mannor and Castle without any other Consideration or Creation to be an Earl as Mr Camden acquaints us out of the Parliament Rolls of the 11. H. VI. This Castle stands 9 Miles East of Chichester and the Fee is in the Hands of the most Noble Henry Duke of Norfolk Earl Marshal of England by Inheritance granted by Charles II. in 1672. to the Father of this present Duke who is the Eldest Duke Earl and Baron in England and the first Protestant of this Noble and Illustrious Branch The marmora Arundeliana have made this name universally known amongst the Ingenious of all parts The Corporation sends Two Burgesses to the Parliament Arzilla Zilia Azella a maritime Town in the Province of Hasbata in the Kingdom of Fez upon the Atlantique Ocean well fortified Alphonsus V. King of Portugal surnamed Africanus took it in 1471. The King of Fez besieged it in 1508. without Victory Afterwards the Portuguese abandon'd it Arzeron Aziris a City of Armenia upon the Euphrates the Turkish Viceroy of which has under him 17 subordinate Governors Asasi a Town in the Kingdom of Marocco Asaph Elâ—â—a Asaphopolis a Town and Bishops See in Flintshire in Wales this Bishoprick was erected by Kentigern Bishop of Glascow in Scotland in the year 560. He returning afterwards into Scotland made Asaph a holy Man Bishop of this place from whom it has its Name There is in this Diocese 128 Parishes The Town is mean as well as the Church and it stands upon the River Cluyd about three Miles from the Sea and sixteen from Chester Lat. 53. 22. Long. 3. 17. Asborn a Market Town in Darbyshire in the Hundred of Wirksworth Ascalon was heretofore a City of Judaea in the Tribe of Dan upon the Sea Coast and one of the strongest holds of the Philistines Baldwin I. King of Jerusalem took it from the Saracens about the year 1153. It was made a Bishops See but so destroyed since that not above 50 Families now dwell in it who are Moors and Turks Ascania an antient Town in the Principality of Anhalt in Germany betwixt Magdebourg and Northuhausen it gives the Title of a Count. Aschaffenbourg Asciburgum a City in Germany in the Diocese of Mentz but in the Limits of Franconia and therefore by some ascribed to that Province Heretofore an Imperial or Hans-Town but afterwards exempted it is divided into two parts by the River Mayn which falls into Rhine at Mentz There is in it a stately Palace built of square Stone called Johansburg where the Elector of Mentz often resides This Town is distant from Frankford 6 Miles Eastward Aschen a Castle in Bavaria Aschersleben Ascania an old Town in the Diocese of Halberstad in the Principality of Anhalt in Germany whence the House of Anhalt receives the Name of principes Ascanii almost ruined Ascherne Aschenten Askarna a Town in the County of Limerick in Munster in Ireland upon a River of the Name Ascoli di Satriano Asculum Apulum a small decaying City an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Benevento in the Kingdom of Naples in the County called the Principate at the foot of the Apennine 35 Miles East from Benevento This City is built on a Hill a former which stood near it having been ruin'd in the year 1399. by a dreadful Earthquake this was built in the year 1410. by the Inhabitants of the other Ascoli upon the River Tronto a City in the Marcha Anconitana in Italy with an Episcopal See immediately under the Pope The Birthplace of Pope Nicholas IV. as formerly of Betutius Barrus an Orator mentioned by Cicero In 1557. the French and Spaniards had a Battle near this place The antient Inhabitants were the first that confederated against the Romans in the Marsick War Sometime after that it was almost ruined but rebuilt and fell to be one of the first Temporal Demains of the Pope Ascot a Mannor in the County of Buckingham which has long belonged to the Loyal Family of the Dormers Earls of Carnarvan and Viscounts of Ascot who were advanced to this Honor Aug. 2. 1628. by Charles I. for whom Robert the first Earl died fighting in the Battle of Newberry in 1643. Asebin Nisivis See Nisbin Asgar a Province in the Kingdom of Fez in Africa to the West between the Provinces of Fez and Habat It s principal Towns are Arasch and Alcasar-Quivir Ashby de la Zouch a Market-Town and Barony in Leicestershire which saith Camden is now in the Earls of Huntington one of which Family Sir William Hastings procured the Town the Privilege of a Fair in the Reign of Henry VI. It stands in the North-West Corner of the County about eleven Miles North-East from Eaton Ash-burtun a Corporation seated upon the River Dart in Devonshire which sends two Burgesses to the Parliament it stands about 17 Miles from Exeter to the South-West and 5 Miles from Newton Ashdale a Place in Scotland of which the late Duke of Monmouth was Baron Ashdod Azotus a City in the Holy Land which was one of the Principalities of the Philistines in S. Jerom's time it was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Caesarea now a Village called Alzete by the Turks See Azotus Ashford a Market-Town in Kent upon the River Stower in Scray-Lath Ashkrig a Market-Town in Yorkshire in the North-riding and the Hundred of Hang West A S I A the first of the Four parts of the World the Mother and for a long time the Nurse and Mistress of Mankind for here in this Man was created and after the Deluge this was the Place God chose to give Mankind a second Beginning in the 2 first of the General Monarchies viz. the Assyrian and Persian were in this part and to it chiefly was the Church confined till our blessed Saviour came It is washed on three sides by the vast Ocean which on the East is called the Eastern or Pacifick Ocean on the North the Tartarian Ocean or Mar del Norte on the West the Aethiopian Ocean and the Red Sea and it is divided from Europe by the Mediterranean and Black Sea with the Rivers of Tanais Don or Tana Rha and Obb. It is only parted from Europe by the space of 300 German Miles more or less by these Rivers connected to Africa by a Neck of Land of about 30 Miles and whether the North-East part of it is not united with the North-West part of America could never yet be discovered tho probably there is a streight or narrow Sea between them so that lying in the midst of the other three it was the fittest place to be made the Cradle of Mankind from whence the other were all to be peopled It lies in length from the Hellespont to Malacca the utmost Eastern
on the East by Glamorganshire and Brecknock on the West by Pembroke on the North by Cardigan from which it is separated by the River Tivy and on the South by the Irish Sea This County is said by Mr. Camden to be very fruitful and in some places to have plenty of Coal Mines and to abound in Cattle It takes its Name from the principal City which stands upon the River Tiny about 5 Miles from the Sea called by Ptolomy Maridunum by Antonius Muridunum It was Walled with Brick in the times of Giraldus Cambrensis but was then decaying Pleasantly seated between Woods and Meadows and very venerable for its great Antiquity taken from the VVelch in the Reign of VVilliam the Conqueror after this by them retaken and burnt twice till being first strengthened with a Castle by Henry Turbervil an English Man and after that walled about by Gilbert de Clare it recovered something of its former Glory The Princes of VVales settling here the Chancery and Exchequer for South VVales Caernarvanshire has on the North and West the Irish Sea on the South Merioneth and on the East Denbighshire parted from the Isle of Anglesey by the River Menay All the middle parts of it are covered and filled with Mountains so that Mr. Camden calls these Hills Alpes Britannicas the British Alpes and saith they afforded the greatest Security to the Welsh in times of VVar and so abounded with Grass that they seemed sufficient alone to have fed all the Cattle of VVales The Western parts are more level and yield plenty of Barley The chief Town or City is seated in this part of the County upon the River Menay and was built by Edward I. King of England about 1283. Small and almost round but strong and defended by a beautiful Castle Edward II. was born here and Surnamed from this Town who was the first of the English Princes that bore the Title of Prince of VVales In after times these Princes setled here the Chancery for North-VVales Robert Dormer Baron of VVing was created Viscount and Earl of Carnarvan in the sourth Year of the Reign of King Charles I. who afterwards lost his Life valiantly for that Prince at Newberry in 1643. to whom succeeded Charles his Son Caerphilly a Market-Town in the County of Glamorgan in VVales where the Earl of Pembroke has a Noble Castle It is the Capital of its Hundred Caerwis a Market-Town in Flintshire in the Hundred of Coleshill Caeron a Country in Assyria where Josephus says the Relicks of Noah's Ark were to be seen in his time It produces your odoriferous Wood. Caesarea Palestina was anciently call'd the Tower of Straton But Herod the Great rebuilding it called it Caesarea in honor of Augustus It is now call'd Caisar It lies on the shoars of the Mediterranean Sea in the Holy Land 30 Miles to the South from Ptolemais and 45 from Jerusalem After the Ruin of Jerusalem it became the Metropolis of Palestine and the Seat of the Prefect or Governor the Bishop of Caesarea gained thereby the Authority of a Primate over the Bishop of Jerusalem and for some Ages maintained it but in after Councils the Bishop of Jerusalem was exempted and made a Patriarch several great Councils have been held here Eusebius Pamphilus the Church Historian was in his time Bishop of it Cornelius the first converted Gentile was baptized here by S. Peter S. Paul was a Prisoner here And Origen taught here But in 653. after a Siege of 7 years Muhavia a Saracen took it from the Christians In the Holy War it was several times taken and retaken till at last intirely ruined by Barsus a Saracen Long 66. 15. Lat. 32. 20. § Caesarea Magna in Cappadocia the Episcopal Seat heretofore of S. Basil See Caisar § Caesarea Philippi See Balbec § Caesarea in Africa an antient City mention'd with Honor in the Roman History upon the Coast of the Mediterranean believed to be the same with the Iol of Ptolemy Pliny and Mela. It became a Bishop's See since Christianity and likewise an University that produced divers Poets and Philosophers of Note in the time that the Arabians were Victorious in Africa In the Year 959. the Caliphs ruined it The Remains of its Walls make it appear to have been above 3 Leagues in Circuit call'd by the Africans Tiguident Caffa a considerable City and Sea-Port in Crim Tartary upon the Eastern side of the Peninsula East of the City of Crim supposed to be the Cavum of the Antients It is a flourishing Mart and furnished with a large and capacious Haven Heretofore possessed by the Genoese who saith Dr. Heylin by the Help of this Port and the Plantation they had in Pera on the North Side of Constantinople engrossed all the Trade of the Euxine Sea into their own hands In 1475. it was taken by Mahomet the Great ever since it has been in the hands of the Turks and though by them much ruin'd is still the principal Place in that Demy-Island The Turks govern it by a Bashaw they send thither and although the Tartars can possess themselves of it when they please yet they chuse rather to leave it in his hands than to take it into their own The Venetians have often sollicited a free Commerce with it for the Benefit of its Commodities but the Port has constantly refused to suffer their Vessels to pass into the Black Sea for Reasons of State They reckon about 4000 Houses of Mahometans Tartars and Christians whereof some Latins Greeks and some Armenians to the Number of about 800 who are obliged to wear a Distinction from the rest in their Bonnets Caffreria a Country of Africa of large extent It lies from the Kingdom of Angola on the North to the Cape of Good Hope and is bounded East West and South with the Ocean the South-Eastern part is very fruitful and well peopled the rest barren Mountainous and little peopled The Inhabitants are so barbarous that they are called by this Name from their rude way of living which signifies the Lawless People they were all heretofore Man-eaters and many of them continue such to this day They call themselves Hottentots Mr. Herbert an English Man who was in these Parts will scarce allow them to be perfect Men and saith they sell Man's Flesh in the Shambles They acknowledg a Soveraign Being under the Name of Humma which they adore when he sends good Weather But in cold and rainy or very hot Seasons they change their Praises of him into Complaints against him Cagliari Caralis Calaris a City of Sardinia an Island in the Mediterranean Sea which is the Capital and the Seat of the Governor on the South side of the Island upon an Hill Also an Archbishop's See and an University When the Moors were Masters of this Island they ruined this City but James II. King of Aragon recovering it Anno Christi 1330. the Pisans rebuilt the Town which is now become great and rich under the Spaniards It has three
and Montargis Chasteau-du-Loyre A Town upon the Loyre in the Province of Maine five or six Leagues from Mans with the Title of a Barony It belongs to the Demesnes of the Crown Chasteau-Meliand a small Town and Chatellany in the Province of Berry in France remark'd particularly for its Castle and a Tower said to be built in the time of the Romans Chasteau-Neuf A Town in the small Territory of Timerais within the Province of Perche in France with others of the same Name in Anjou Berry Bresse c. whereof nothing particular Chasteau-Pelerin a Fortress ten Miles from Caesarea upon the Sea Coast in the Holy Land built for the security of the Christian Pilgrims that travel'd to Jerusalem and in the year 1217. enobled with a Palace which the Templars erected for the service of their Grand Master It has been since neglected and nigh ruin'd Chasteau-Porcien A Town and Principality upon the River Aisne in the Territory de Retel in Champagne below Rhetel It was advanc'd to the Dignity of a Principality by Charles IX in 1561. Chasteau-Regnard a small Town in the Territory of Gastinois in France upon the River Ouaine two Leagues from Montargis Chasteau-Regnaud a little Sovereignty upon the Meuse in Champagne in the Territory of Retelois two Leagues from Charleville The Town is fortified and the Title now born by Monsieur Chasteau-Regnaud the French Admiral who engaged Admiral Herbert at the Bantry in 1689. May 1. Chasteau-Rous a Town in Berry upon the River Indre between Bourges and Blanc Lewis XIII advanced it to the quality of a Dukedom and Peerdom in 1616. It is a considerable large Town with a good Castle and divers publick Buildings In Latin Castrum Rufum and Castrum Rodulphium § Also a City and an Episcopal See in the Island of Negropont by the Ancients call'd Carystus by the Italians Castel rosso The famous Carystium Marmor comes from hence Chasteau-Thierry Castrum Theodorici a City in the Isle of France four Leagues South of Chastres It stands upon the Marne in the Confines of Champagne and is a heat City and a Dukedom beautified with a Castle and divers Churches Baudrand placeth it in Brie twenty Leagues from Paris to the South Chastel-Chinon a small Town in the Province of Niverhois in France near the River Jonne towards the Confines of Burgundy Chastellet Castelletum a Town in Namur upon the River Sambre six Miles West of Namur There is another Town of the same Name in Picardy at the head of the Scheld three Leagues from St. Quintin North. This latter has been fortified being a Frontier Town but in 1674. it was dismantled Chastel-herault a Town upon the River Vienne in the most Eastern Border of Poictou seven Miles from Poictiers to the North-East Francis I dignified this Town in 1514. with the Title of a Dukedom and Peerdom It was often taken and retaken in the French Civil Wars Chastillon sur Indre a small Town in the Province of Touraine some say Berry in France upon the said River § Chastillen sur Loing a handsom small Town in the Territory of Gustinois in France about 4 Leagues from Montargis upon the River Loing § Chastillon sur Loyre a Town in the Province of Berry below Cosne upon the Loyre § Chastillon sur Cher is in the same Province towards the Confluence of the Sandre and the Cher. § Chastillon sur Marne A handsome small Town in Champagne with a Chatellany thereunto belonging between Espernay and Chasteau-Thierry There is a noble and ancient Family deriving their Name from it § Chastillon sur Seyne a pretty Town in Burgundy between Alseile-Duc and Bar-sur-Seyne divided in two by the River that distinguishes it from all the foregoing La Chastre A great Town upon the River Indre in the Province of Berry in France between S. Severe and Chateau-Roux imparting its Name to a considerable Family of that Kingdom Chatham a long thoroughfare Town in Kent in Aylesford Lath upon the Bank of the Medway and near Rochester It is the principal Station of the Royal Navy of England and therefore well provided with Storehouses and a Dock for the building and equipping of the same Chatzan a Town in the Kingdom of Hajacan in the East Indies within the Dominions of the Grand Mogul not far from the conjunction of the Rivers Behat and Nilab Chaumont en Uexin Calvomontium a Town in that part of the Isle of France call'd Vexin upon a small River about five Miles West of Beauvais which has a ruined Castle Chaumont sur Marne called Vexin-Francois a very fine Town in Champagne five Leagues South-West of Joinville and about the same distance from Grand to the West This was first walled in 1500. and has received its growth from the hands of three Kings Lewis XII Francis I. and Henry II. Chauni Calniacum a small Town and Chatellany in the Government of the Isle of France upon the River Oise between Noyon and la Fere. It belongs to the Crown Chaxan a City in the Territory of Chingyang within the Province of Huquang in China The Mountain Nuiqua famous for a Temple that is built upon it in honour of a Woman a pretended Prophetess amongst the Chinese stands near it Cheadle a Market Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Totmonslow Checkley a Market Town in the same County and Hundred preceding upon the River Teane Chekiam a Province of China which has Nankim on the North and the River Kiam Kiamsi on the West Fokien on the South and the Chinian Ocean on the East the principal City is Hamcheu it contains eleven Cities sixty three walled Towns and 1242135. Families It lies between 27. and 32. deg of Lat. Chelles a Town in the Isle of France near the Marne famous for a Nunnery founded in 662. by the Queen Bathilde It had heretofore a Royal Mansion also standing in it Chelmer a River in Essex on which Maldon is situated Chelmesford Caesaromagus a Town in Essex twenty five Miles North of London Chelo A Fort in the Province of Junnan in China Chelsey a place deserving particularly to be remark'd for the Magnificent and most Delightful Hospital begun by King Charles II. continued by King James II. and now perfected for the refuge and maintenance of disabled poor and Veterane Soldiers here This being such a stately Pile as to surpass by confession in divers respects the famous Hotel des Invalide at Paris It s situation near London is better known than that we should need to mention more Cheltenham a Market Town in Glocestershire and the Capital City of its Hundred Chemnis an Island of Egypt mentioned by Herodotus Apollo had heretofore a Temple in it The people used to believe that it floated § We find mention made in Herodotus of a great City also of this Name near to Nea in the Country of Thebes Chepstow a fine Market Town on the River Wye on the Eastern Border of the County of Monmouth in Wales It is fortified with a
which about one hundred years since saith Mr. Wheeler was nothing but an old Castle and the present Suburbs of the Castati But now it is a good large City and an Archbishops See well fortified with Walls on the South and two Castles at the East and West Ends the side towards the Harbour is not so well fortified nor needs it This Town would be almost impregnable were it not for a Rock that stands towards the the West and commands the adjoining Fort with a great part of the Town Here resides the chief Govour of the Venetian Islands both in Civil and Military concerns The Inhabitants are of the Greek Church but much Latinized The Soil not so fruitful of Corn as to supply the Inhabitants but then it produceth Wine Oil and all sorts of good Fruit. In the year 1537. Solyman II. Emperour of the Turks sent his famous General Barberoasse with an Army of five and twenty thousand Men to make a Descent upon this Island as they accordingly did but were forced by the Venetians to an Inglorious Retreat thence again Cory one of the chief Towns in Georgia called Hermastis and Armactica by the Latins There is another of the same Name in Dalmatia mentioned by Pliny and Ptolomy under the Name of Corinium five or six Miles from Novigrod upon a Hill and a third in the Ecclesiastical State in Italy Coria Caurium Caurita a City upon the River Alagnon in Old Castile five or six Leagues from the Frontiers of Portugal The Bishop of it is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Compostella Corinth Corinthus Heliopolis a City of the Morea which is an Archbishoprick under the Patriarch of Constantinople built in the year of the World 3066. near the Isthmus between the Ionian and Aegaean Seas At first subject to Kings but growing powerful and rich by Commerce it became a Common-wealth It s situation affording it two Noble Havens to the East and West it was the first City of Greece that set out Trireines or great Gallies to Sea by which it became the richest and one of the most powerful Cities in all Greece it treated the Roman Embassadors with that Insolence that they decreed the total ruine of it which was effected by L. Mummius Achaius 146. years before the Birth of our Saviour Julius Caesar re-built it S. Paul converted it to Christianity and honoured it with two Epistles and Clemens Romanus with a third of the next immediate antiquity and value Thus it became the Metropolis of Achaia in after-times it had Despots or Princes of its own from whom it passed to the Venetians by their Grant But in 1458. Mahomet II. dispossed that Republick of this Noble City and they have since treated it with so much Tarkish cruelty that there are not many Houses in it inhabited by poor Men rather out of necessity than choice It is hoped the Venetians may give it another resurrection out of its desolation and ruines they having recovered it in Aug. 1687. without opposition They now call it vulgarly Corantho The old Acrocorinthus a strong Cittadel built upon the top of a very high Hill and the proud Curtezans here of higher prizes than for every one to give it is supposed severally or together occasioned the Proverb Non licet omnibus adire Corinthum Long. 49. 15. Lat. 38. 11. § Apollodorus writes of three Corinths more the first in Thessalia the second in Epirus the third in Elis. Corlin Corlinum a City in Pomerania subject the Duke of Brandenburg ever since 1648. upon the River Persant three German Miles from the Baltick Sea and five from Treptow to the East It has a Castle and was before subject to the Bishop of Camin Corneto Cornuetum a Bishops See in union with that of Monte Fiascone subject only to the Pope in the State of the Church upon the River Marta four Miles from the Tyrrhenian Sea and forty six from Rome to the West very little inhabited being unhealthfully seated Cornovaile or Cornoaille a Territory in Britany in France called Corisopitum by the Latin Writers the Capital of which is Quimper-Corantine Cornwall Cornubia Cornavii Damnonii is the most Western County of England It has Devonshire on the East from which the River Tamer parts it and on all the other sides is surrounded with the Sea For a long time the Store-house of Tin to the whole World till in 1240. there were other Mines of this found in Misnia and Bohemia by a Cornishman The Soil of this County is tolerably fruitful but Mountainous In some Rocks they find a sort of a Precious Stone call'd the Cornish Diamond shaped and polished by Nature and many times as big as a Walnut only not so hard as a Diamond of the right kind The Inhabitants are the Reliques of the old Britains and still retain their Language It was by Edward II. in 1336. made a Dukedom and given to his Son Edward and has ever since belonged to the Eldest Son of the King of England who is born Duke of Cornwall Coro a City of South America near the Sea in the Province of Venezuela under the Spaniards It is built after the manner of Venice upon a Lake amongst a number of little Islets Thence often it self call'd Venezuela or Little Venice Coromandel a Kingdom on the East side of the Promontory of Malabar in the East-Indies divided from the Malabars by the Mountains of Balagatta which run from North to South to the Cape of Comori it lies along the Eastern Shoar an hundred Leagues in length St. Thomas a Town in 32. deg of Latitude is in this Kingdom in which the Portuguese found Christians of the Greek Church when they came first hither who put the City into their Hands and they enjoy it still it hath many good Harbours much frequented by the Europeans especially in Winter The Natives are yet for the most part stupid Pagan Idolaters as Mr. Herbert saith and and of a Dusky Complexion This Country was divided amongst many Princes but at present is subject to one saith Mendelslo who resides some times at Bisnagar and some times at Narsinga Coron Corona a Maritime City in the Morea on the Southern Shoar opposite to the Coast of Barbary it is situate on the richest and most fruitful Province of this Country called Belvedora ten Miles by Land and twenty by Sea from Modon The Venetian's built here in 1463. a great Tower for a Magazine but they enjoyed it not long for Bajazet II. took it after a Siege in 1498. It was attempted in 1533. by the famous Johni Doria Admiral of Spain and taken but could not be long kept It was taken again by the Venetians after a sharp Siege in 1685. and may they long enjoy it It is a very strong City with a safe and large Haven and in former times was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Patras Coronea an ancient City of Boeotia in Greece near Leuctra to the East and the River Cephisus North. It was here
of Highworth which returns two Burgesses to the Parliament Crema Crema Forum Diuguntorum a City in the State of Venice called by the French Creme which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Boâ—oma seated upon the River Serium Serio sixty Miles from Verona to the West and twenty from Milan to the East This City was once a part of the Dukedom of Milan and is very strongly fortified Made a Bishoprick in 1579. by Pope Gregory XIII being the Capital of the Territory adjacent called Cremasco Cremera a small River in the Dukedom of Thuscany in Italy falling into the Tiber five Miles below Rome The 300 Fabii were cut to pieces by an Ambuscade of the Enemy upon the Banks of it A Misfortune so lamented by the Romans that they cursed the very City-Gate by which they marched with the Title of Scelerata and placed the Day of their overthrow in the Catalogue of black and dismal Days Cremona Colonia Vrbs Crenomanorum a City of the Dukedom of Milan which is a Bishop's See under that Archbishop and stands upon the Po in the Borders of the Dukedom of Parma forty Miles from Mantua to the East and the same distance from Milan to the South-East This City was built 445 Years after Rome and made afterwards a Roman Colony it has been often ruined and rebuilt at present a strong great rich populous City and has a strong Castle to the East with an University granted by Sigismund the Emperor The Territory belonging to it is a fruitful delicious Plain having on the North and East the River Ollio on the South the Po where there are several Districts beyond that River belonging to it and on the West the River Abdua The French and Modenese besieged this City in 1648. but were not able to take it Crempen Crempa a small but fortified City in the Dukedom of Holsatia in the County of Stormaren upon the River of that Name not above one Mile from the River Elb to the North about ten Danish Miles from Lubec to the West and fifteen from Embden to the East This belongs to the King of Denmark Crequi a Seigniory in Artois upon the Confines of Picardy giving Name to an honourable Family which has been famous for divers illustrious Persons Cressy See Creci Crespi Crepiacum the chief Town of the Dukedom de Valois in the Isle of France built in a fine Plain seven Miles from Meaux to the North and three from la Ferte Francis I. and the Emperor Charles V. held a Treaty of Peace here in 1544. Crest Crestidium Crista Arnaldi a City in the Dauphinate in France upon a River of the same Name two Miles from the Some to the East and twenty two from Avignon to the North. Fortified with a Castle and a Tower Creta See Candia Crevant Crevantium a Town in Burgundy in France upon the North Side of the River Sure in the North-West Border of that Dutchy two Miles from Auxerre to the North and twenty three from Dijon to the North-West In 1423. there was a sharp Fight here between the English and the French with the Victory by Confession to the English There is a Stone-Bride over the Sure here Creuse Crosa a River in France which riseth in la Marche and running to the North West entereth Berry and passeth through the Town of Black in the Borders of Berry then entering Touraine it falls having in this Course received the Little Creuse and some other Rivers into the Loyre at â—â—ndes above Saumur Crewkern a Market Town in Somersetshire the Capital of its Hundred Seated on the Banks of the River Parret Written also Crokehorn Crickhowel a Market-Town in the County of Brecknock in Wales the Capital of its Hundred The Marquess of Worcester has a Castle here Crim Tartary or the Precopensian Tartars is a vast Tract of Land bounded on the North by Russia from which it is parted by the River Donetz in great part and also by Ockraina and Dikoia on the East by Pervolock on the South by the Kingdom of Astarcan the Petigori Cabardia the Palus Meotis and Euxine Sea and on the West by the Boristhenes which parts it from Wolynia Extended vastly from East to West but not so broad The chief Force of it lies in the Peninsula in the Black Sea These Tartars have been heretofore Christians but now Mahometans and the inseparable Allies of the Turks in hopes to succeed upon the failure of the Ottoman House otherwise they live under a Prince of their own See Krim Crincon Crientio a River of Artois near Arras Crinisus a River in the West of the Island of Sicily springing in the Valley of Mazara twenty five Miles from Palermo and afterwards falling into the Sea of Tunis Now called Il Belicidestro Crismato Phaenus a Mountain in Normandy Croatia Liburnia a Dukedom belonging to the Emperor of Germany call'd by the Germans Crabaten and is a part of the Kingdom of Hungary Bounded on the North by Sclavonia on the East by Bosnia on the South by Dalmatia and the Adriatick Sea and on the West by Carniola a Province of Germany The Turks were heretofore possessed of all the Southern Parts of it but the Emperor has lately recovered them The Inhabitants are excellent Horsemen and have of late done great Service against the Turks Crocodilon an ancient City in the Kingdom of Aegypt upon the Banks of the Nile in the Country called Thebais They adored the Crocodiles as Gods in the vulgar Opinion at this Place and therefore it came to take their Name Croia the principal City of Albania a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Durazzo Dyrrhachium upon the River Lisana within ten English Miles of the Adriatick thirty from Durazzo to the North about a hundred and ten South of Ragusa It was heretofore very strong George Castriot commonly called Scanderbeg often broke the Fury of the Ottoman Forces here but after his Death it fell into their Hands Cromer a Market-Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of North Erpingham lying to the Sea Croncarty a Sea-Port-Town in Ross in Scotland upon the Eastern Sea at the North Point of Murray Fyrth Cronenburg Coronaeburgum a strong Castle in Zealand belonging to the King of Denmark taken by the Swedes in 1658. but since restored again At this place which was built by Frederick II. King of Denmark for the purpose in 1577. all Ships are forced to pay their Toll which pass the Sound Cronstat Corona a City of Transylvania often called Brassovia by the Inhabitants Brassaw in the middle of the Eastern Borders of that Dutchy towards Walachia at the foot of the Carpathian Mountains upon the River Burzazgh It is a strong Place and has three great Suburbs inhabited by three several Nations forced to receive an Imperial Garrison in May 1688. General Heusler in a Fight near this place Aug. 21. 1690. suffered a great Defeat wherein himself was taken Prisoner by the Tartars who not knowing him sold him
to Count Teckeley who commanded the Action for seventy Rix Dollars Crosno Crosna a small City in the Black Russia in the Kingdom of Poland in the Palatinate of Primyslie near the Carpathian Hills and the Rivers Visloc and Jasiolde Crossen Crossa a City in the Province of Silesia and Kingdom of Bohemia upon the River Oder where it entertains the River Borber from the South about ten Miles above Franckfort This is the Capital of a small Dukedom which being many Ages ago mortgaged to the Duke of Brandenburg and not redeemed in due time has ever since been in his Possession Crotona an ancient City in the Further Calabria in Italy which is now a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Regio Milo and several other famous Athletae were Natives of this place in whose times it was no less than twelve Miles in circuit Croty a Sea-Port on the North side of the Somme in Picardy two French Miles from Asselane to the South and the same distance from Caen in Normandy to the North. Crouch one of the little Rivers of the County of Essex Crow or le Crou Crodoldus sometimes called Gonnesse is a River in the Isle of France which arising above a Village called Louvre five Miles East from St. Dennis falls into the Seine at S. Dennis Crowland a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Ellow upon the River Weeland in a very fenny low ground The best Streets of it are severed from each other not unlike Venice by interjacent Water-courses and the Causeys leading to it so narrow that no Carts can possibly pass which may justifie the Proverb saying All the Carts which come to Crowland are shod with Silver Croy a Village in Picardy two or three Leagues from Amiens giving its Name to a Family of Honor in the Low Countreys Croydon or Croyden Neomagus a Market Town in Surrey the Capital of its Hundred seated near the Spring head of the River Wandle nine Miles from London where the Archbishop of Canterbury has a Countrey House it has an Hospital for the Poor and a Free-School for Children founded by Archbishop Whitgift Crumaw or Crumeaw Crumaviae a Town in the Province of Moravia in Germany betwixt Brin and Znaim adorned with the Title of a Dukedom and a fine Castle Crussol a Seigniory in the Province of Vivaretz in France near the Rhosne giving its Name and the Title of Earl to an Honourable Family Cresiphon an ancient Town of the Kingdom of Assyria near the Tygris said to be built by the Parthians Cuama or Coama a River of the Kingdom of Sofala in Africa said to derive its Source from the Lake of Sachaf where it has the Name of Zamber towards the Mountains of the Moon the same Lake that the Moderns take to be the Head of the Nile Cuba an Island in the Bay of Mexico in America to the South of Florida which is one of the greatest that belongs to that part of the World It has on the East Hispaniola divided from it by a Bay of the breadth of fourteen Spanish Leagues on the West the firm Land of America on the South Jamaica at the distance of nineteen Leagues In length two hundred Spanish Leagues in breadth not above thirty five The greatest part of it is Mountainous but well watered Infinitely peopled when the Spaniards discovered it but they destroy'd all the Inhabitants and have not been able yet to people it themselves so that the greatest part is desolate This and Jamaica were the first Places of America which Columbus discovered in 1492. There are six Cities in this Island the principal of which is St. Jago on the South side and Havana a noble and well fortified Sea-Port on the North side under the Tropick of Cancer Cuckfield or Cuxfield a Market Town in Sussex in Lewis Rape Cuco a strong City by Situation upon a high Hill in the Kingdom of Algiers in Africa towards the River Major The Soil it stands in affords plenty of all things necessary for humane life Cucusa an ancient City of Armenia the Less upon the Frontiers of Cilioia and Cappadocia having formerly born the honour of an Episcopal See and the more remark'd in History for being the place whither S. John Chrysostom was banished by the order of the Empress Eudoxa Cuenca Concâ—a a City of New Castile in Spain which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toledo the Capital of La Sierra It stands in a Rocky and Mountainous Country upon the River Xucar twenty five Leagues East from Toledo and thirty four West from Valencia Built by the Goths out of the Ruines of a Roman City called Valeria not far distant The Moors became next Masters of it and kept it till 1177. when the Spaniards recovered it again Cueva a Town in the Kingdom of Castile in Spain giving its Name there to a Family of Honor. Cufa a City of Chaldaea or Yerach in Asia upon the West side of Euphrates sixty Miles South from Bagdet or Babylon on the Borders of Arabia Deserta and heretofore the Residence of the Califfs after that it was under the Persians and at present under the Turks being much declined from its ancient Splendor Wealth and Greatness Long. 79. 10. and Lat. 32. 00. forty five German Miles above Balsera North. Cuhiung a City and Territory of the Province of Junnan in China having Jurisdiction over six other old Cities and standing in a fruitful and pleasant Country that is provided with Mines of Silver and Precious Stones Cujavio Cujavia a Province of the Kingdom of Poland bounded on all sides by the greater Poland but the North where it has Prussia The chief Town is Brestia Brezestie ten Miles from Thorn to the South and thirty from Damzick Culhu Cullus a Town and Port upon the Mediterranean in the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa where the River Collo or Culhu is discharged into the Sea betwixt Hipone and Bugia Culliton a Market Town in Devonshire the Capital of its Hundred Culm a City of Poland upon the Vistula in Prussia built upon a Hill This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gnesa though heretofore under the Archbishop of Riga built in 1223. by the Knights of the Teutonick Order but having suffered much in the Swedish Wars it is now almost desolate and the Bishop has removed his Palace to Colme three Miles more to the East Culm stands twenty Miles South of Dantzick and ten North from Waldislaw and is the Capital of a little Country adjacent called by the Inhabitants Colmischland Culembach Culembachium a small Town in Franconia upon the River Mayn near the Rise of it six Miles from Bamberg East and as many from Coberg South-East the Capital of a Marquisate belonging to the Duke of Brandenburg and part of the Burgravate of Noremburg between the Territory of Bamberg to the West Misnia to the North Bohemia and Bavaria to the East and Norimburg to the South belonging also to the Duke of Brandenburg Culembourg
Zagoria or Zagora is a City of Bulgaria at the Foot of the Mountains upon the River Panize ten German Miles from the Euxine Sea eighteen from Adrianople to the North-East in the very Confines of Romania and Bulgaria Heretofore a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Adrianople but now raised to an Archbishoprick it self Deventer Deventria a City in the Province of Over-Yssel which is the Capital of that Province It stands upon the Yssel four Miles from Zwol to the West and seven from Nimeguen to the North-West Made a Bishop's See by Pope Paul IV. in 1559. under the Archbishop of Vtrecht Betray'd to the Spaniards in 1587. Subdued and brought under the Vnited Provinces again in 1591. Taken by the French in 1672. and deserted in 1674. It is surrounded on all Sides with Water and very strongly fortified Deveril a little Stream in VViltshire which runs under ground a Mile Devizes a Market and Borough-Town in VViltshire in the Hundred of Swanborn near the Head of a Stream of the same Name with it self which joyns the Avon It returns two Burgesses to the Parliament Devonshire Devonia is one of the Southern Counties of England which takes its Name from the Danmonii the ancient British Inhabitants On the North it is bounded by the Irish Sea on the West by Cornwall from which it is divided by the River Tamar on the South by the British Sea and on the East by Somersetshire and Dorsetshire It hath on both these Seas many good Harbours and is rich in Mines especially the Western Parts It abounds in pleasant Meadows fine Woods rich Towns In other Places where the Soil is more barren it is yet improveable and rewards the Tillers Industry It s chiefest Rivers are the Tamâ—r the Turridge the Taw Ex and Dert The chief City is Exeter next to which is Plymouth The Honourable William Cavendish is Earl of this County whose Grandfather William obtained this Honour from James I. Aug. 20. 1618. and has enjoyed it ever since 1628. Deux-Ponts See Zweybrucken Dewsberg See Hensterberg Diablintres Diablindi or Diablitae an ancient People of Gallia Celtiqua supposed to dwell in the now Province of la Perche with Noviodunum or Nogent le Rotrou for their Capital Others say in the Lesser Brittany near Neodunum or Doll where there are some Lands still bearing the Name of les Diableres and Families of les Diables Le Diamond a great Rock upon the Coast of the Island Martinique in the South America at the Distance of a League Observed to swarm with Fowl Diarbech Mesopotamia a Country in Asia between the Euphrates and the Tygris which is now in the hands of the Turks Diarbekir a great and populous City of Mesopotamia upon the Banks of the Tygris the Seat of a Potent Bassa who is generally one of the Viziers of the Ottoman Empire and has nineteen Sangiacs under him in the Compass of his Province It is surrounded with a double Wall of sixty two Towers and adorned with a stately Mosque which heretofore belonged to the Christians whereof they reckon no less then 20000 still living in it of the Armenian Nestorian or Jacobite Churches together with some Capuchines It stands upon an Eminence affords plenty of Provisions and is able to bring into the Field 20000 Horse Diargument Hyrcania a Province in the North-East Part of the Kingdom of Persia Dibres a Town of the Kingdom of Epirus in Greece taken by the Turks in 1442. Dichling a Market-Town in the County of Sussex in Lewis Rape Dictamo Dictamne a Town in the Territory of Canea in the Island of Crete whence comes the medicinal Herb Dittany Die Dia Vocontiorum Dea a City in the Dauphinate in France heretofore a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Vienne but in 1275. by Pope Gregory IX united to that of Valence This City stands on the North Side of the River Drome which falls into the Rhosne eight Miles from Valence to the East and eleven from Grenoble to the South-West It is a Roman Town called by Antoninus Dea Augusta and in the Councils Dia. The Huguenots in the Years 1577. and 1585. took and used it severely and rased its Cittadel An Inscription not long since was found in it Matri Deûm Magnae Idaeae For the Vocontii its antient Inhabitants were great Worshippers of that Goddess whence the Name Dia came to be derived to this place Diemens Diemini Regio a Part of the Terra Australis discovered in 1642. by a Dutchman of this Name Yet we know not whether it be an Island or a Continent Diepholt a small Town in the Circle of VVestphalia in Germany belonging to the Duke of Brunswick It stands upon a Stream betwixt Bremen and Osnaburgh with the Honour to bear the Title of an Earldom Dieppe Deppa a strong Sea-Port-Town which has a noble Haven in Normandy in France upon the River Arques fourteen Miles from Roan to the North right over against Lewis in Sussex This Town is remarkable for its Loyalty to Henry the Great of France who retiring hither and not long after receiving a supply from Queen Elizabeth of 22000 l. in Gold and 4000 Men under the Lord VVilloughby beat the Duke of Main the General of the Leaguers after all his Confidence that he should either take this Prince Prisoner or drive him out of France Which great Victory was unexpectedly gained in 1589. Diest a Town and Barony in the Dukedom of Brabant in the Low-Countries upon the River Demere two Leagues from Dalen and three from Tillemon There are two Collegiate Churches in it Dietmarsh or Dithmarsh a part of Jutland in the Dukedom of Holsatia at the Mouth of the Elbe having the Ocean on the West Holsatia on the East the Elbe on the South and the Dukedom of Sleswick on the North. It is so full of Marshes as to take its Name from them The Inhabitants Rebelling against the Kings of Holsatia in 1500. obtained a great Victory but in 1559. Adolph Duke of Holsatia being imployed by Frederick II. King of Denmark conquered them and deprived them of a barbarous Liberty which they had maintained four Hundred Years The South part of this Territory is under the King of Denmark whose Eldest Son is to reside here and the North part under the Duke of Holsatia which is separated from the Dukedom of Sleswick by the River Eyder Dietz or VVietz a small Town in the Principality of Nassaw in Germany upon the River Lhone Fortified with a Castle on each of the two Hills within the Walls Digne Dinia Dina Civitas Diniensium a City in Provence which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Embrun it stands upon the River Bleonne ten Miles from Embrun to the South and thirty two from Avignon to the North-East It is a very fine City and particularly esteemed for its hot Baths Dijon Divionum Divio the Capital City of the Dukedom of Burgundy and the Seat of the Parliament upon the River Ousche sixteen Leagues from Langres to
Jupiter the other to Venus heretofore are yet visible upon it England Anglia called by the French Angleterre by the Italians Inghilterra by the Germans Engel-landt by the Spaniards Inglaterra is the greatest the most Southern and the best Part of the Island of Great Britain called heretofore Albion Britannica and Britannia Which noble Island is divided into three Parts England Wales and Scotland England has Scotland on the North the Irish Sea in part and Wales in part and then the Irish Sea again on the West the British Sea on the South and the German Sea on the East Between 17. and 22. Deg. of Long. between 50. and 57. of N. Lat. It lies together with Wales in the Form of a great Triangle whereof the Southern Shoar is the Base and Berwick the opposite Angle from whence to the Lands End it is accounted three hundred eighty six Miles Long and two hundred seventy nine Broad containing in that Compass about thirty Millions of Acres of Land It was divided by the Romans into five Parts by the Saxons into seven Kingdoms and now into forty one Shires or Counties In which the Parishes amount to about ten thousand The Air is very Temperate both in Winter and Summer being warmed in the one and cooled in the other by the Sea-Vapors the Soil for the most part very fruitful watered with three hundred twenty five Rivers The Inhabitants Valiant and Industrious And as Nature has given it whatever is absolutely necessary to the Life of Man so the Natives by their Trade and Commerce bring in from abroad what may be had throughout the World for Convenience Delight Magnificence and Ornament It has also the best Government and the best constituted Religion of any Nation in the World and as much Learning Civility Arts and Trade as any other Our Fleets excel at Sea our Foot at Land those of all other Nations In short we want nothing to make us happy but Gratitude to God and Union amongst our selves This Island became first known to the Romans about fifty years before the Birth of Christ Julius Caesar entered it with a Fleet in the Year of the World 3895. and renewed his Attempt the year following but the Civil Wars breaking out between him and Pomper the Romans made little Progress here though they kept their Ground till the Reign of Claudius who entered Britain in Person and staying not long his General Aulus Plautius carried on the War so that he took in the greatest part of this Island now called England and under him Vespasian learned the Art of War Didius Avitus succeeded as General and Nero as Emperor under whom the Romans were in great Danger of an utter Extirpation from the Britains But this Storm blowing over they conquered all they cared for as far the Fyrths of Galloway and Edinburgh in Scotland only their ordinary and standing Bounds were between Newcastle and Carlisle They continued their Possession till the year of Christ 433. and then withdrew to desend their nearer Dominions on the Continent against the prevailing barbarous Northern Nations In 449. the Saxons were called in to help the Britains against the Picts those Nations that had never been subject to the Romans in the North of Britain In 455. Hengist their General set up the Kingdom of Kent and began the Conquest of the British By the year 819. the Heptarchy or seven Kingdoms of the Saxons united in one under Egbert King of the West-Saxons which Union received its utmost Perfection under Alfrid about 873. The Danes who had given Occasion to this Union pursuing their Depredations at last conquered the Saxons in 1018. and set up Sweno a Prince of their own In 1042. Edward the Confessor restored the Saxon Line which was broken by William the Conqueror in 1066. But the Blood was again restored by Henry II. in 1155. Edward I. united Wales in 1246. K. Henry II. began and K. John finished the Conquest of Ireland about the Year 1184. in the Reign of Richard I. his Brother In the year 1602. James I. K. of Scotland succeeding Qu Elizabeth of Blessed Memory united Scotland to England And the great Rebellion in 1640. ended in 1660. by the Restitution of Charles the Merciful and Just Yet the Miseries that brought it in the Calamities that attended it and the Judgments that have followed it may be eternal Monitors to English Men to be Loyal to the King and stedfast to the Church Engur Astelfus a River of Asia which springeth from Mount Caucasus and watering Mengrelia falls into the Euxine or Black Sea between Charus and Hippus Twenty Miles North of Chobus another River of the same Country Engury Ancyra a City of Galatia in the Lesser Asia upon the River Parthenius now Sangari which falls into the Black Sea at Cangary This was the Metropolis of Galatia yet seated in the Confines of Paphlagonia on an advanced Ground And made Famous by a Council here held in 314. and another in 357. Called by the Turks Enguri Engouri Angouri or Anguri fifty Miles to the East from Scutari and sixty from Smyrna to the N. East It is now considerable and the Capital of one of the Turkish Provinces in Asia Mithridates the Famous King of Pontus was overthrown by Pompey near this City-Bajazet the Turk in the year 1403. was in the same Place taken Prisoner by Tamerlane the Scythian Conqueror Long. 62. 10. Lat. 42. 30. Enham Aenhamum a Town in the County of Southampton in the Hundred of Andover Of Note for a Council here congregated of the Bishops of both the Provinces in the Year 1009. under the Reign of King Ethelred Enkoping Enecopia a Town in the Province of Vplandia in the Kingdom of Sweden near the Lake Meler five or six Leagues from Vpsal Enna an ancient City standing heretofore in the Center of the Island of Sicily and Famous both for a Temple dedicated to the Goddess Ceres Ennea and for the excellentest Springs in all the Island which are applauded by Cicero and Diodorus The Bellum Servile of Sicily was raised by Syrus Ennus of this Place and ended with the Reduction of this Place also under the Conduct of Pimperna Eno Aenos a City of Thrace called by the Turks Ygnos by the Greeks Eno. It stands on the Archipelago at the Mouth of the River Hebrus now Mariza which runs a little South of Adrianople and here falls into the Sea over against the Isle of Samandrachi forty Miles from the new Dardanels to the North and sixty five English Miles from Adrianople South Is now a Bishop's See under the Patriarch of Constantinople Enrichemont See Boisbelle Ens Claudivium Claudionum Anisus is both a River and a City of Austria the River riseth in the Bishoprick of Saluburgh near Rachstad and running North-East as far as Newmarckt it takes in that of Celstal North-West it meets the Steyr at Steyr Castle and there it turns to the North and washeth the East Side of the City of Ens half a German
Redoubts with sixty thousand men within it and one hundred Cannon whereupon the Duke retreated June 20. and repassed the Drave at Siclos See Mohatz After the unfortunate taking of Belgrade by the Turks October 1690. they set down immediately with an Army of fifteen thousand Men before this Place but retired without Success Essedones or Issedones an ancient People of Scythia whose Capital Town was Issedon now called Caracoran Herodotus says of them that they used to eat the dead bodies of their Parents reserving the head to be set in Gold and made the object of their annual Sacrifices Essekebe or Esquib Essequebia one of the principal Rivers of South America It ariseth in Guiana near to the Lake of Parime and running Eastward to improve its Streams by the addition of many smaller Rivers it falls into the North Sea near Meapuer In Long. 318. The Dutch who have many Plantations upon it call it by this name Essex Essexia is a County in the East of England inhabited heretofore in part by the Trinobantes bounded on the North by Suffolk and Cambridgeshire on the West by Hartford and Middlesex on the South by Kent and on the East by the German Sea The principal City in it is Colchester This Country is very fruitful full of Noblemen and Gentlemens Houses The principal Rivers which water it are the Stour that divideth it from Suffolk the Thames from Kent the Ley from Middlesex and the Little Stour from Hartfordshire which besides their fruitful Meadows and the convenience of Carriage afford it plenty of Fish besides these there is the Ill the Crouch the Chelme the Blackwater and the Colne which arise and fall within this Country and many of them are great Rivers There are many smaller ones whose Names cannot be taken in here This County gave the Title of Earl to the Families of the Mandeviles the Bohuns the Bourchiers Thomas Lord Cromwell William Lord Parre before it came to the D'Eureuxe's Robert d'Eurex Viscount Hereford General of the Parliaments Army against Charles I. dying Septem 13. 1646. and his Son Robert an Infant before the Restitution of Charles II. Arthur Capel Baron of Hadham was created Earl of Essex and Viscount Malden April 20. 1661. and made Lord Lieutenant in Ireland in 1672. He perished miserably in the Tower His Son then an Infant succeeded him in this Honor. Esslingen See Esling Essone Exona a small River and Village in the Isle of France The Town stands five Miles from Paris to the South-West and one from Corbeile to the West Estampes Stampae a Town and Dutchy in Beausse in France The Town stands upon a River of the same Name ten Leagues from Paris to the South and sixteen from Orleans to the North mentioned in Georgius Turonensis Aimonius and other French Historians It is placed on the Some at the Confluence of another small River which is sometimes called l'Yone and sometimes La riviere d'Estampes There is a Collegiate Church and divers Religious Houses standing in it but the Castle was ruined in 1652. This Town was created first an Earldom in 1327. by Charles IV. King of France Then a Dukedom in 1536. by King Francis I. And has been many times honoured not only with French Synods but with the Assemblies of the States The Huguenotts took it by Scalade in 1567. Estaples Stabulae Stapulae a Sea-Port-Town in the County of Boulogne in Picardy sixteen Miles North of Dieppe and ten from Calais South Este or Est Ateste a Town in the Dominion of the State of Venice mentioned by Pliny and Tacitus which was once a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileia It stands in the District of Padua upon the little Medoacus or the River Bachiglione which washing the Walls of Vicenza and Este falls into the Venetian Gulph twelve Miles from Padua to the South The Dukes of Modena in Italy of which Illustrious House Mary Consort to King James II. is take their Name from this Place who were before a great while Dukes of Ferrara Modena and Regio Now only of Modena See the History of the Family of Este written in Italian by Jean Baptistâ— Pigna and in English by Mr. Crawford Esteing an ancient Barony in the Province of Rouergne in France since advanced to an Earldom It gives Name to an Honourable Family that by the concession of Philip the August in the year 1214. as a reward for the noble actions of one of their Ancestors bears the same Coat of Arms with the Crown Estella or Stella a small City in the Kingdom of Navarr upon the River Ega where it receives the Vreder eight Miles from Pampelona to the South and the same from Calahorra to the North. Built in the year 1094. It is the Capital of the Territory called la Merindada de Estella Esten Esthonia a considerable Province in the North of Livonia heretofore under the Poles but now the Swedes It lies between the Sinus Finnicus a part of the Baltick Sea to the North Lettonia Liefland to the South the Bay of Riga to the West and Ingria a Province of Russia to the East the chief City in it is Revel the Capital of this Province which is sometimes called Eastland Estepa Astapa a City or great Town in Andalusia in Spain seated upon a Hill in the Confines of the Kingdom of Granada about twelve Miles from Malaga to the North and seventeen from Sevil to the South-East This sprung out of the ruines of Astapa an old Iberian City or Phoenician Colony which being besieged by Marcellus a Roman General the Inhabitants burnt themselves with their Wives and Children and all they had that they might not fall into the hands of the Romans as Livy saith Cstoiteland Estotilandia a great Tract of Land in the North of America towards the Actick Circle and Hudson's Bay having New France on the South and James's Bay to the West This is a part of Canada now commonly called New Britain and Terra Laboratoris The first of the American Shoars which was discovered being found by some Friesland Fishers that were driven hither by a Tempest almost two hundred years before Columbus In 1390. Nicolas and Antonius Zeni two Brothers that were Venetian Gentlemen at the Charges of Zichini King of Friesland took a view the second time of these Shoars John Skoluo a Polonian in 14â—6 about eighty six years after the first discovery sailing past Norway Greenland and Friesland and entering into the Streight beyond the Artick Circle arrived at this Country Which is Mountainous overgrown with Woods full of all manner of wild and savage Beasts and only known as to the Shoars but yet the Soil is fruitful Hofman Estouteville a Town in the Vpper Normandy in France advanced to the quality of a Dukedom by King Francis I. in 1538. There is a Noble Family deriving their Name from it Estremadura Extremadura is a Province of the Kingdom of Portugal at the Mouth of the Tagus upon the Western Ocean bounded on the North
and Forli to the South twenty Miles from Ravenna to the West It is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Ravenna and under the Dominion of the Pope only famous for Earthen Ware The French call it Faience Faience Faventia a small City in Provence in France upon the River Benzon three Leagues from Grasse to the West and six from the Mediterranean Sea The Bishops of Frejus are Lords of it The French call Faenza in Italy Faience Faire-Foreland Robodigum the most North-East Country of Ireland in the County of Antrim in the Province of Vlster Faire-Isle a Rock in the Caledonian Sea between the Orkneys and Shetland in which is the Castle Dumo Fairford a Market-Town in Gloucestershire in the Hundred of Brittlesbarrough Fakenham a Market-Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Gallow. Falaise Fallesia Falesia a Town in Normandy upon the River Ante which falls into the Dive at Morteaux seven Leagues from Caen to the South and four from Argentan to the North-West The principal Seat and Garrison of the first Dukes of Normandy William the Conqueror Natural Son of Robert II. Duke of Normandy was born here This Place was taken by the English from the French in 1417. There is now a round high Tower standing in it Cape Falcon a Promontory West of Oran in Barbary Falconara Assinarius a River of Sicily It flows by the Town of Noto and falls into the Ionian Sea between the Cape of Passaro Pachynum and the City of Syracuse ten Miles from the Cape to the North and twenty five from the City to the South This River is made famous by the Defeat of the Athenian Forces here by the Syracusans in the Year of the World 3537. which Victory being gained by the Assistance of the Lacedemonians they took the Advantage of it and at last in 3546. took Athens under Lysander Faleria Faleris a ruined City of the Province of Tuscany in Italy mentioned by the Ancients The Episcopal See which it possessed formerly was transferred to Civita Castellana a City built nigh the Ruins of this Falernus a Mountain of Campagna di Roma in Italy famous for the excellent Wines growing upon it which animated the ancient Poets so often to sing its Praises Falisci an ancient People of Hetruria in Italy who made War a considerable time with the Romans their Neighbours till reduced by Camillus in the Year of Rome 360. They are said to have come hither out of Macedonia The Capital of their Dominions was the ancient Faleria Falkenburg or Valkenburg a small Town in Brabant upon the River Geule two Leagues from Maestricht to the East and four from Aquisgrane It was under the Dominion of the Hollanders till 1672. when it was taken by the French and dismantled But in 1678. returned under them again with Maestricht This Town is called by the French Fauquemont and in Antoninus his Itinerary Coriovallum Falkland a small Town in Scotland in the County of Fife beautified with an ancient Retiring House of their Kings and very commodious for the Pleasure of Hunting Fallekoping or Falcoping Falcopia a Town in the Province of Westrogothia in the Kingdom of Sweden five or six Leagues from Scaren Falmouth Voluba a noble Haven on the South of Cornwal as great as Brundusium in Italy and as safe an hundred Ships may ride in it out of sight each of other secured by two Castles at its entrance built by Henry VIII In 1664. Charles II. Created Charles Lord Barkley Earl of Falmouth who was slain at Sea June 2. 1665. George Fitz-Roy now Duke and Earl of Northumberland was Created Vicount Falmouth by the same Prince Octob. 1. 1673. The old Roman Town Voluba from which it had its name is now totally ruined and gone it stood higher up into the Land upon the River Valle over against Tregony Falster Falstria Insula Dianae an Island in the Baltick Sea on the South of the Isle of Zeeland from which it is parted only by a narrow Channel called Groene-Sund It has one Town call'd Nykoping and gives name to a good Family in Denmark Faluga-diabete a small Island belonging to Sardinia on the West of that Island Famagosta Fama Augusta called by the French Famagouste is a very strong City in the Island of Cyprus on the Eastern Shoar which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Nicosia and was of old called Arsinoe This City has a large and a safe Port And was taken by the Genouese in 1370. By the Venetians about 1470. and by the Turks from the Venetians in the Year 1571. after a Siege of ten Months Famar or Fanar a Town at the Entrance of the Black Sea in Thrace four German Miles North of Constantinople Famar Arietis Frons Criumetopon the most Southern Cape of the Little or Krim Tartary Tanricia which lies an hundred and fifty Miles from Constantinople to the North-East Famastro Amastrus a City upon the Euxine or White Sea upon the East Side of the River Dolap fifty Miles from Scutari East and the same from Amasia North-West It grew up out of the Ruins of four neighbouring Cities to a vast greatness Fanar Acheron a River and Town of Epirus Fanari-Kiosc a Royal Pleasure House belonging to the Grand-Seignior one League Distant from Constantinople and Galata at the Entrance of the Streights of Constantinople near the Port of Chalcedon in Natolia Built by Solyman II. Vessels arriving upon this Coast by Night are lightned by a Fanal from hence Fano Fanum Fortunae an Episcopal City in the States of the Church in the Dukedom of Vrbino but not of it twenty Miles from Vrbino to the East and thirty seven from Ancona to the North. This was the Country of Clement VIII his Father a Florentine living here as an Exile The Temple of Fortune which the Romans built in Memory of their Victory over Asdrubal the Brother of Hannibal in the Year of Rome 547. wherein they slew Asdrubal himself with 50000 Men did stand near this City Fanshere a River in the Island of Madagascar Fantin a small Kingdom in Guiney in Africa where the English and Dutch have some Castles Fanu an Island near Corfu to the North-West Fara Pharan a City and Mountain in the Stony Arabia upon the Red-Sea twenty Miles from Sues South and from Eltor North over against Dacata in Aegypt Farfar Fabris a small River in the State of the Church It riseth near a Castle called Capo Farfar and running to the North-East it watereth a Monastery of the same Name then falls into the Tibur § Farfar Farfaro Fer Orontes a River of Syria which ariseth from Mount Libanus and running Northward it watereth Apamia and the great Antioch then falls into the Mediterranean Farham a Market-Town in the County of Southampton The Capital of its Hundred Faribo Helicon Haliarkmon one of the most considerable Rivers of Macedonia which rising out of the Mountains of Albania and traversing the whole breadth of that Kingdom from thence falls into the Bay
the East by Hungary Prussia Superior and Poland on the South by the Alpes which part it from Italy on the West by France the Netherlands the German Ocean and Switzerland West-Friseland Guelderland Over-Yssel and Groningen were heretofore parts of Germany which belong now to the Vnited Provinces On the other side Cleves Julters Liege the Bishopricks of Cologn Treves a great part of the Palatinate of the Rhine and Switzerland of old belonged to Gaul and now to France yet are now of right Parts of Germany The French have taken from it Alsatia Switzerland some Ages since is Cantoned into small Common Wealths which do not acknowledge the Emperor of Germany for their Sovereign As for Denmark Poland and Hungary they have their distinct Kings and are by no means Parts of Germany It is in length from the Borders of the Dukedom of Lorrain to those of Hungary an hundred and twenty German Miles in breadth from the Baltick Sea to the Alpes which inclose Friuli an hundred twenty six This vast Tract of Land is usually divided into ten Circles to wit Franconia Bavaria Austria Schwaben sometimes called Suabia the Upper and Lower Circle of the Rhine Westphalia the Upper and Lower Saxony and the Circle of Burgundy but this last has no Vote in the Diet nor contributes any thing to the Charges of the Empire The Emperor of Germany is not only the Head of Germany but the first Prince in Christendom in Rank and Order though not the most powerful This Country is called by the Inhabitants Teutschlandt or Teitschlandt by the French Allemagne by the Spaniards Alemasia by the Italians La Germania or l'Allemagnia by the Dutch Duystlandt by the Poles Nicmieczka by the Hungarians Nemes and by the Greeks Elmagi In ancient times it was extreamly over-grown with Woods and full of uncultivated Marshes There were then no Cities no Arts no Tillage The Inhabitants were much like the Northern Americans Immanes Animis atque Corporibus of great Growth as to their Bodies and very barbarous as to their Minds But great Warriers and the invincible Enemies of the Roman Empire which never could subdue them on the contrary they at last destroyed that vast Empire in the time appointed Julius Caesar was the first of all the Romans who building a Bridge over the Rhine entered this Country yet with no great Success Augustus and Tiberius conquered those Nations of Germany which lay between the Rhine and Italy but about the year of Christ 200. they too shook off the Roman Yoke the rest were always free from it The Rhine and the Danube were the standing Bounds of the Roman Empire beyond which it could rarely keep any thing long That which the Romans could never effect the Francks under Charles the Great brought to pass and subdued Germany This Prince about 801. was made Emperor of France and Germany It continued in his Posterity till 929. when Henry I. a Saxon was elected by the Germans his Family lasted till 1002. when it fell into the House of Bavaria in the Person of Henry II. In 1139. Conrade III. Duke of Schwaben Succeeded and all the Emperors following were of that Family till 1274. After which the Empire for some time had no Head but changed Families as others very frequently till Albert II. Duke of Austria in 1439. fixed it in the House of Austria And all the Emperors ever since have been of that Family Leopold the present being the eleventh from Albert II. which have successively swayed this Scepter This Prince succeeded Ferdinand III. in 1657. Under these Princes Germany is become one of the most Civilized Cultivated Learned Countries in the World full of noble and populous Cities and most flourishing Churches As no Country had suffer'd more than this in the Days of Ignorance so when Learning had once discussed those Mists in the beginning of the XV. Century this was one of the first that threw off the second Yoke and made way for other Nations to do the same Germersheim a small City in the lower Palatinate upon the Rhine in Germany heretofore Free and Imperial till by the Emperor Charles IV. given with all its Dependances to the Prince Elector Palatine The Emperor Rodolphus I. died here in 1290. It is endeavouring to repair the Sufferings which half ruined it of the last German Wars Germian Phrygia Major a Province of the Lesser Asia Also a Mountain there called by the same Name but of old Dindymus Germigny a Village in the Province of Brie in France upon the River Marne where the Bishops of Meaux have a House of Pleasure S. Lewis in 1253. and Philip le bell in 1319. published Ordinances from hence § A second in the Diocese of Orleans near Fleury upon the Loyre at which a French Synod was assembled in 843. Gerne Garryenus See Yare a River of England Geromlea Achelous a River of Epirus which ariseth from Mount Pindus and running Southward falls into the Ionian Sea now written Aspri in our later Maps Gers. See Egers Gertrudenberg See Geertruydenberg Geru Gerun Ogyris Armusia the same with Ormus or at least the Island in which Ormus stands See Ormus and Hoffman Gesara See Krim Tartary Geschisdag a River in Mysia in the Lesser Asia and also the present Turkish Name of Olympus or Maesius a Mountain in the same Province Gest Gedrosia a Province in the East of the Kingdom of Persia next the Moguls Empire By others called Circan Gestie a City in Parthia called in ancient times Suphtha Gestrick Gestricia a Province of the Kingdom of Sweden upon the Botner Sea to the West of which it lies bounded on the North by Singia on the West by Dalecarlia on the South by Vplandia and on the East by the Botner Sea and is only famous for its Mines of Iron Gevals and Copperberg are its most principal Places Gesula Gaetulia a Province of the Kingdom of Marocco in Barbary bounded by the Provinces of Darha to the East Marocco to the North the Kingdom of Sus with the Mountain Laalem to the West and Tesset to the South Without any City or walled Town in it But there are great Villages of 10000 Inhabitants who are thought to be the ancientest People of Africa and descended from the Gaetuli The Cheriffs of Fez and Marocco chuse their Gard du Corps out of them for the Estem they have of their Fidelity and Courage Getae an ancient People of Scythia betwixt Maesia and Dacia divided on each side the Danube In the year 505. they sell upon Macedonia and Thrace defeated the Forces that the Emperor Anastasius sent against them under Sabinianus Consul and took a Sum of Money to retire again Gevals Gevalia a Town in the Province of Gestrick in the Kingdom of Sweden at the Mouth of a River of the same Name about four Miles from the Confines of Vpland to the North twenty seven German Miles from Stockholm to the North. Gewer Javarinum called by the Inhabitants Raab by the Germans Javarin Giavarino is
which it sprung A Bishops See under the Archbishop of Regio from which it lies twenty seven Miles to the North-East Giera-petra Hiera-petra Hyerpytna a City of Candia or Creet which has a Castle and an Haven such as it is and heretofore a Bishops See it lies on the South side of the Island in the Territory of Sitia near Mount Malaura sixteen Miles from Setia to the West now under the Dominion of the Turks Giessen Giessa a small but very strong City in Hassia in Germany upon the River Lhone four Leagues from Marpurg to the South It was of late years made an University and is the strongest Town in this Province under the Landtgrave of Darmstadt in part and of Cassel in part Giffhorn a Town in the Dutchy of Lunenburg in the Lower Saxony upon the River Allere three or four Leagues from Brusnwick and a little more from Zell Gigel Gigeri Gigari Igiti a City of Africa heretofore a Bishops See but now a small Village in the Province of Bugia in the Kingdom of Algier twenty seven Miles from Algier to the East upon the Shoars of the Mediterranean Taken by the French in 1664. and afterwards deserted There was another City which Ptolemy calls Colops and placeth in the Province of Zeugitania which is now called Giger Giglio Igilium Iginium Egilium a small Mountainous Island in the Tyrrhenian Sea which has in it one Village and a Castle and belonged heretofore to the Republick of Sienna with which it came into the hands of the Duke of Tuscany It lies about a Mile from the nearest Coast of Italy between 34. and 35. deg of Long. in Lat. 41. 55. Gihon one of the four Rivers springing from the Paradise of Adam and Eve Gen. 2. 13. Josephus makes it the same with the Nile others with the Araxes See Nilus Gilan Gelae Gilania a Province of Persia upon the South side of the Caspian Sea which from it is often called the Sea of Gilan The chief City of this Province is Gilan and stands upon the River Abisirni twenty five German Miles from the Caspian Sea in Long. 90. 13. and Lat. 40. Gilboa a Chain of Mountains in the Holy Land extended the length of ten or twelve Leagues from the City Jezrael to Jordan along the Tribe of Issachar and the Vpper Galilee Famous in the Jewish History for the encampment defeat and death of King Saul and his three Sons here in a Battel with the Philistines and for David's cursing these Mountains with Barrenness for Jonathan's sake They are almost all covered with Stones Taking their Name some suppose from an ancient City Gilboa As at this time we are told of a considerable Town called Gilbus standing amongst them Gilead The Mount properly in the Region of Trachonitis in Palestine whereat Jacob and Laban passed a Covenant with each other Gen. 31. But afterwards extended to express the Cities and Country adjacent which were given by Moses to the Tribe of Gad Josh 13. 25. Gillesland a Tract in the North parts of the County of Cumberland from whence the Earl of Carlisle receives the title of Baron Dacre of Gillesland Gilolo an Island in the East Indian Ocean to the west of the Moluccaes and East of the Terra des Papaous in 165. deg of Long. It has four Points of Land shooting forth into the Sea as many different ways One about twenty another fifty Leagues Long. The Capital of it is called Gilolo also Gindes a River springing from the Martian Mountains of Armenia and ending in the Tigris In which course it retarding the passage of Cyrus's Army to the Siege of Babylon he broke it into three hundred and sixty Channels Gingi Gingis a great City in the Promontory of Malabar in the East-Indies which gives Name to a Province This City was heretofore under the King of Bisnagar but has now a Prince of its own it is very strong and has a Castle built upon a Rock The Province or Kingdom of Gingi has Bisnagar to the North the Gulph of Bengala on the East the Mountains of Malabar on the West and the Kingdom of Tanjaour to the South Gingiro a Kingdom in the Lower Aethiopia towards Melincle Zanguebar and the Eastern Ocean Ginopoli Gemanopolis Jonopolis a City of Paphligonia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gangra It lies upon the Black Sea ten German Miles West of Carambis the most Northern Cape of the Lesser Asia Giordano Jordan Giorgiana Georgia Giovenazzo Juvenacium a Maritim City of Apulia Pucetia now Terra di Lavoro upon the Gulph of Venice between Bari to the North and Trani to the South welve Miles from the first and a little morefrom the latter In Long. 40. 50. Lat. 41. 12. This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari It stands upon an Hill and is almost incompassed with the Sea Giovenco Juvencus Invectus a River of Italy in the Kingdom of Naples which falls into the Lake of Celano at the foot of the Appennine forty five Miles West of Rome in the Province of Abruzzo Heretofore it passed through the Lake without mixing with it but whether it passeth into any other River or is swallowed up by the subterraneous passages which carry away the waters of that Lake Leandro has not informed us Gir a River of Africa which rising in Biledulgerida not far from the Atlantick Ocean runs Eastward and passing under several Chains of Hills and Mountains at last falls into Nile above the Cataracts of Egypt It is a vast and wonderful River in all things and deserves a more particular description if the Counties through which it passes were so known to us as to enable us to give it Girgia See Hyrach Girigo Girgium a City of the Vpper Egypt near the Nile the Capital of a Province which takes its Name from this City betwixt Barbanda and the Sahid Otherwise written Girgilo Girmasti Caicus a River of the Lesser Asia which rising by a City of the same Name washeth Judai Pergama Caristo and Stinga then falls into the Archipelago over against the Isle of Metellino The City of Girmasti was of Old called Hierogerma and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cyzioeno called only Germa in the Councils being attributed by some to Mysia Minor by others to Phrygia Minor it lies between Balichstria to the East and Pergama to the West Giro or Palmacia Venaria a small Island on the Eastern Coasts of Genoua Girona Gerunda a City of Catalonia in Spain built by Gerion a celebrated Hero who is said to have lived Anno Mundi 2840. and to have been Contemporary with Hely the Judge of Israel It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona of a large extent seated partly upon the descent of a Hill partly upon a Plain ennobled with two Bridges one in the City over the River Oingar and the other without the City on the North side over the River Ter and besides is very well fortified and honoured with the
Title of a Dukedom This City lies seven Leagues from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea to the West eight from the Borders of France fourteen from Perpignan to the South and sixteen from Barcelona to the North. A Spanish Council was held at it in 517. Gisborn a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Stancliff Gisborough a Market Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Langburgh situated in a pleasant Flat between Mulgrave and the River Tees and heretofore enriched with an Abbey This is the first place where Allum was made in England Gisors Caesortium Caesarotium and Gisorium an ancient Town in Normandy mentioned by Antoninus the Capital of le Vexin Normand a Territory in this Province which lies upon the River Epte sixteen Leagues from Paris to the West and ten from Roan to the North-East It has given the Title of an Earl for many Ages past About the year 1188. Henry I. King of England and Philip the August King of France had an Enterview betwixt this place and Trie after the news of the taking of Jerusalem by Saladine wherein they agreed upon a Croisade for the recovery of the Holy Land again and to lay aside their differences with one another till they had performed it Givaudan or Gevaudan Gabali a Territory in Languedoc the Capital of which is Mende it lies between Auvergne to the North Rovergne to the West the Lower Languedoc to the South and Vivarais and Velay to the East Placed in the Mountains of Sevennes and very subject to Snow yet not unfruitful near the sourse of the Allier the Lot Olda and the Tarn Mende the principal City lies twenty five Leagues from Lyon to the South West and Baignol the next to Mende in greatness lies about six Miles South of it This was the Country of the ancient people called Gabales It now gives the Title of Earl to the Bishops of Mende and was first united to the Crown of France in 1271. being heretofore under its own Counts The Huguenots ravaged it much in the last Age. Giulap Chaboras Chobar a River and City of Mesopotamia The River ariseth from Mount Masius in the Confines of the Greater Arabia and running Southward through Mesopotamia falls into the River Euphrates at Al Thabur which last City it seems is by some called Giulap The River is the same that passeth by Caramit the Capital of Diarbeck or Mesopotamia and in the latter Maps is called Soaid supposed to be the River Chobar mentioned by Ezekiel the Prophet See Chaibar Giulia Julia a City of Transylvania between the Rivers of Sebekeres and Feyerkeres upon the Lake Zarkad seven German Miles South of Great Waradin upon the Frontiers of Transylvania in the Hands of the Turk whose Ancestors conquered it in 1566. Some Authors believe this to be the same place with the Ziridava of the Ancients Giulich a Branch of Mount Taurus in Cilicia Giulick See Juliers Giustandil Acrys Justiniana Prima Lychnidus Tauresium a City of Macedonia commonly by the Christians called Locrida standing on the Confines of Albania upon the Lake Pelioum out of which the River riseth that watereth Albanopoli This City was the Birth-place of that Great Prince Justinian the Emperour and from him had the Name of Justiniana even now it is a great and populous City and an Archbishops See it stands upon an high Hill eighty Miles from Durazzo to the East Glamorganshire Glamorgania Morganucia one of the twelve Counties of Wales has on the South the Severn Sea on the East Monmouthshire on the North Brecknockshire and on the West Caermarthenshire the North part being Mountainous is barren and unpleasant the South side descending by degrees spreads it self into a fruitful Plain which is filled with Towns The principal City of this County is Landaff There is in this County one hundred and eighteen Parishes The Earldom was granted to Edward Somerset Lord Herbert of Chepstow c. by Charles I. in 1645. the Father of Henry Duke of Beaufort in which most Loyal and most Noble Family it now is Glan Clanes a River in Bavaria which now falls into the Danube Glandeves Glandeva Glannata Glannatica a ruined City in Provence amongst the Maritime Alpes near the River Var giving Name to an Honourable Family in Province and formerly dignified with the Title of an Earldom The continual Inundations of the River Var obliged the Inhabitants to desert it about eight hundred years ago who settled at Entrevaux at the distance of a quarter of a League from it whether they removed also the Episcopal See of Glandeves which is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Ambrun Glanfordbridge or Glamford a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Yarborough Glanio Clanius Liris a River in Italy now frequently called L'Agno See Agno Glarys Calarona Glarona a Town in Switzerland which is the Capital of a Canton seated in a Valley of the same Name upon the River Sarneff amongst very high Hills called Glarnischberg eighteen Miles from Altorf to the South-East and as many from Schwits to the North-East This is so great populous and strong that it may compare with most Cities The Plain upon which it stands lies by the River Limat about three German Miles in length being fensed on three sides by the towring Alpes having on the South and East the Grisons on the West the Canton Von Vry and Schwits and on the North the River Limat which parts it from the Grisons This is one of the lesser Cantons and the eighth in number Of old subject to the Monastery of Secon which had the Tythes and some certain Rents but the Inhabitants were otherwise free of all Exactions Taxes and Tolls and governed by a Senate chosen out of themselves by their own Laws and Customs only the Abbess of the Monastery chose the Senators and the Emperor was Advocate of the Monastery which Right being consigned by Fredericus Aenobarbus to Otho Palatine of Burgundy came to the House of Hapspurgh and by the latter to Albert Son of Rodolphus I. who attempting to change these Methods of Government this Canton in 1351. revolted and was received into the League of the Cantons and in 1386. gave the Austrians a fatal overthrow Zuinglius about 1515. preaching here against the Church of Rome many of the Inhabitants imbraced the Reformed Religion the rest persisting in the Roman and so it stands at this day Glas Nanaeus a River in Scotland the same with Strachnavern Glascow Glasquo Glascum a City in the West of Scotland upon the River Cluyd Glotta sixteen Miles from the Western Shoar This was very anciently a Bishops See but discontinued till King William of Scotland restored it now an Archbishops See and an University which was opened by Turnbull a Bishop who in 1554. built a College here and it is now the best place of Trade in this part of Scotland having a delightful situation excellent Apples and a Bridge of eight Arches over the
falls into the River Oakre Obater Gostynin Gostinia a small Town and a Castellany thereto belonging in the Palatinate of Rava in the Great Poland two Miles from the Vistula and Ploczko to the South which has a Castle tolerably strong This small Place was made famous by the Imprisonment and Death of Susicius Great Duke of Muscovy Gotham Egates Aegates a knot of small Islands in the Mediterranean Sea over against the Western Point of Sicily upon the Coast of Africa Gothardsberg or S. Gothard Adula Summae Alpes a considerable Branch of the Swiss Alpes between the Dutchy of Milan and Switzers where the Pennine Alpes begin it lies in part in the Canton of Vri and in part in the Upper League of the Grisons between Altorff to the North and the Town of Belinzona once a Town of the Dutchy of Milan now belonging to the Swiss upon the River Tesino to the South the parts of this Mountain are Grispaltsberg from whence springeth the first Branch of the Rhine Vogselberg called by the Italians il monte Vccello from whence comes the second Branch of the Rhine Mont Furk from whence the Rhosne and the Tesino Mont Grimsel the Mother of the Aar and Russ which do both afterwards fall into the Rhine It is dangerous to pass this Branch of the Alpes without Guides being ordinarily covered with Snow Gothen Gotha a small City in Thuringia in Germany built by the Goths which is now under the Duke of Gotha a Branch of the House of Saxony whose Castle is Grimmestein This place was heretofore very strong but in the time of Ferdinand I. it was destroyed and in later times rebuilt and called Freidenstein It stands three German Miles from Erford to the West and four from Eysenach § The Dukedom of Gotha is a part of the Vpper Saxony under the Dominion of its own Duke who is a Branch of the Line of Weymar and besides this possessed of Altenburg in Misnia Coburg a part of Hennenberg in Franconia and Osterland in the Vpper Saxony Gothebourg or Gotembourg a very strong City with an Harbour belonging to it in the Province of Westrogothia at the entrance of the Baltick Sea three German Miles from Bahuys to the South sixty six from Stockholm to the South-West and seventeen from Skagen the most Northern Point of Jutland to the North-West In this City Charles IX King of Sweden died in 1660. § There is another Town of the same Name in New York formerly called New Sweden in America built by the Swedes but taken from them by the Hollanders and taken again from the Hollanders by the English Gotland Gothia the South part of the Kingdom of Sweden called by the Inhabitants Gutlandt by the Swedes Gota by the Germans Gotlandt It lies between Sweden properly so called Norway to the North and the Baltick Sea from Norway it is again divided by the vast Lake Wener and the River that issueth out of it This great space of Land is divided into three parts or Provinces West Gota Ost Gota and Sod Gota each of which is again subdivided into lesser Provinces In Ostrogothia is Ost Gota Smaland Oeland and an Island in the Baltiek Sea called Gotland In Sod or South Gota which lies next Denmark being separated from it only by the Sound are Skone Haland and Bleking which three belonged heretofore to the Danes but in 1658. by the Treaty of Roschild were yielded to the Swedes In Westrogothia are Daal and Wermeland the principal Cities in these Provinces are Calmar Gottenbourg Bahuys and Landskroon This was the Country of that Nation of the Goths which contributed so very much to the ruin of the Western Roman Empire being associated in their Conquests by the Rugii the Carini the Sidrones the Vandali and others They began to be taken notice of under Decius the Emperour in the year of Christ 251. Theodosius conquered them after this when they had but a little before ruined Valens his Predecessor Alaricus took Rome and laid all Italy desolate in the Reign of Honorius A. D. 409. after whom Atulphus set up the Kingdom of Wisigoths or Western Goths in Aquitania and Narbon in France which was conquered in 506. or rather removed into Spain where it continued three hundred years till Rodericus the last King of this Race was overthrown and slain by the Moors and Saracens of Africa Of all which I shall speak more largely in the proper places This people had a Bishop named Theophilus assisting at the General Council of Nice under Constantine the Great and another Vlphilas who was a famous Arrian § The Island of Gotland aforementioned in the Baltick Sea is about twelve Leagues long from North to South and five broad from East to West and nine Swedish Miles from the Isle of Oeland to the East with the City Wisburg for its Capital Gottingen Dulgibiorum Dulgumniorum Munitium Juliphurdum Gottinga Gottengen a City of the Lower Saxony in the Dukedom of Brunswick upon the River Leyne five German Miles from Limbecke on the same River to the South twelve from Paterborne to the East and sixteen from Mansfelt to the West the River upon which it stands a little beneath Ferden falls into the Weser above Bremen to the East six Miles Gottorp a Castle near Sleswick in the Province of Jutland in Denmark which is the ordinary residence of the Dukes of Holstein entituled Gottorp from hence in distinction from the Dukes of Holstein Regalis Two Branches of the same Family from Christian III. King of Denmark See Holstein Gotz See Emmaus Goualiar or Govaleor a City and Province of the same Name of the Empire of the Great Mogul in India on this side the Ganges to the East of Agra The former is esteemed one of the most considerable places in the Indies where the Emperour keeps his Treasure and confines the Prisoners of State Goude Gauda a Town and Port of Holland upon the Issel which there receives the River Gou which last gives Name to this place in an advantageous situation upon the account of the Sluces five Leagues from Leyden It is said to have been built in the year 1272. and afterwards in 1420. to have been quite destroyed by fire The Town-house is remarked for a good Building Gouel a River of the Kingdom of Bengale in the East-Indies where Diamonds are found Governo Acroventum a Town in the Dutchy of Milan but under the Dominion of the Republick of Venice upon the Po where the River Menzo comes to join it between Mantoua and Concordia Memorable for the Enterview at it of Pope Leo and Attila King of the Hunns Gournay Gornacum a Town in the Territory of Bray in Normandy upon the River Epte five Leagues from Gisors § There is another of the same Name in the Isle of France upon the Frontiers of Picardy and the River Aronde betwixt Compiegne Noyen and Clermont en Beauvais Gozi Thera and Island near Candia Gozo Gaulos and by the Inhabitants called Gaudisch is a
from the Shoars of Dithmarsh to the West Heretofore four German Miles in Compass but in 800. a great part of it perished by a Tempest and in 1300 another part of what was left before was swallowed up by the Ocean which in its Rage sometimes casts away Islands like common Vessels It consists now but of one single Parish Heilsberg a Town in the Regal Prussia upon the River Alle which has a Castle Seated in the Territory of Ermelandt or Warmerland The Bishop of which Province resides in it eight German Miles from Regensperg to the South Built in 1240. Heis Hericus Herue an Island on the Coast of Poictou near the Confines of Bretagne Heitersheim or Haitersheim a small Town in the Province of Brisgow in Germany in which the Grand Prior of the Order of Malta for Germany who is a Prince of the Empire ordinarily resides The Island of S. Helen is seated in the Atlantick Ocean in 16 deg of Southern Lat. Discover'd by Joannes de Nova a Portuguese in 1502. on S. Helen's Day It is thirteen Miles in Compass and lies at a vast distance from all other Lands between Africa to the East and Brasil to the West nearer the former It is mountainous but fruitful and abounds with what is useful for the Life of Man except Wheat It has four Valleys and as many Springs towards its North end For a long time it lay open to the Benefit of all Mankind but about twenty years since the English settled a Colony here which is become exceeding numerous Helicona Helicon a Mountain in Baeotia now called Stramulipa near Parnassus if not a Part of it Sacred to the Muses of old thence entituled Heliconides and much celebrated by the Greek and Latin Poets In it was the Sepulchre of Orpheus the Fountains of Hippocrene and Aganippe Near it were the Cities of Thespia Ascra and Nissa now Zagaya There was also a River in Sicily so called which is now the Olivero on the North side of that Island And another in Macedonia now the Faribo Heliopolis an ancient City of the Kingdom of Egypt near Cairo to the East It received this Name from a stately Temple there that was dedicated to the Sun The Arabians called it Ain Schemes i. e. the Eye of the Sun Now nothing but the Ruines is extant of it § There were two other Cities of the same Name in the days of Antiquity one in Phaenicia and one in Cilicia in the Lesser Asia both of them Episcopal Sees The first under the Patriarch of Constantinople the second Antioch § Also a City of the Vpper Saxony in the Marquisate of Brandenburg in Germany built by Charles M. and now called Sotwedel i. e. the Valley of the Sun There had been a Statue dedicated to the Sun and venerated here in the Pagan Times Hellespont the Famous Streights betwixt Europe and Asia now called the Streights of Gallipoli or the Dardanelles and the Arm of S. George It was here that Xerxes whipt the Sea and after his Loss of the Battle of Thermopylae escaped to Abydos out of a Storm in a Fishermans Skiff Helmechtmenich Gedrosia a Province of the Kingdom of Persia Helmesley a Market Town in the North-Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Ridal upon a small River which afterwards falls into the Derwent Helmont Helmontium a Town of Brabant which has a very ancient Castle and is the Capital of Kemperland under the Vnited Provinces It lies in the middle between Boisleduc to the West and Roermond to the East six Miles from the latter and six from Nimeguen to the South Helmstad Helmestadium Hemopolis a small and inconsiderable Town in Germany under the Duke of Brunswick Wolffenbuttel ever since 1490. having before that been subject to its Abbot It stands in the Confines of the Dukedom of Brunswick between Brunswick to the West and Magdeburg to the East upon the River Aller six German Miles from Wolffenbuttel to the East eleven from Hildesheime to the North-East and five from Halberstad to the North. Julius Duke of Brunswick opened here an University in 1576. which from him is called Academia Julia. Helmstad a strong Sea-Port Town in the Province of Hallandt on the Baltick Sea towards the Borders of Scannia which by a Treaty in 1645. was yielded to the Swedes Helsingford Helsingfordia a small City of Nyland a part of Finland upon the Shoars of the Bay of Finland where it receives the River Wanda over against Revel in Long. 43. 45 Lat. 60. 10. Helsinglandt Helsinga a Province of Sweden between Dalecarl to the West Jemplandt and Midlepad to the North and the Baltick Sea to the East the principal Town of which is Hadswickwalt Helson a Borough Town in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Kerryer which elects two Parliament Men. Hemia Amisus a City of Paphlagonia in the Lesser Asia called Amid and Hemid by the Turks and Simiso by the Greeks It is an Archbishop's See built on the Shoars of the Euxine an hundred Miles from Sinope to the East upon the Outlet of the River Casalmach which comes from Amasia twenty German Miles South of Hemid or Simiso as it is called in the Maps Hemid or Cara-Hemid Amida a City of Mesopotamia which now gives Name to that Country it being the Capital of it and is called Diarbeck from this City It is a great and populous City the Seat of a Turkish Governor and of a Christian Archbishop It stands from Arziri a City of the Lesser Armenia to the South-East an hundred and twenty Miles from Aleppo to the East sixty See Caraemit Long. 78. 15. Lat. 39. 30. Hempsted a Market-Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Dacor Hemz Emisa Emessa a City of Syria called Haman by the Turks Kemps by Postellus which is an Archbishop's See under the Patriarch of Antioch upon the River Orontes which passeth by Antioch forty three Miles from Damascus to the North eighty from Antioch to the East and about sixty from Palmyria to the West It is a pretty Town walled with black and white Stone half a Pike high it had formerly a Dike now filled with Rubbish It has twenty five Towers six Gates and five Churches The chief Church was built by S. Helen and was in the Hands of the Chistians till about 160 years agone On the South it has a Castle not taken from the Christians without much Bloodshed and therefore left to be ruined See M. Thevenot part 1. pag. 223. and Haman Henley a Market-Town in Oxfordshire in the Hundred of Binfield upon the River Thames over which it has a fair Bridge This Town drives a great Trade of Malt. § There is another Henly in Warwickshire in the Hundred of Barlickway upon the River Alne called Henley in Arden for Distinction from the Precedent Henneberg an ancient Castle in the Circle of Franconia in Germany seven Leagues from Schweinfurt and eight from Fuld upon a Rock at the Foot whereof passes the River Strew This Castle gives Name to
Ravensberg once an Imperial and Free City governed by its own Magistrates but in 1647. taken by the Duke of Brandenburg as Count of Ravensberg of which this was pretended to be a Member In 1673. it was retaken by the French and soon after deserted and restored to that Duke It stands ten German Miles from Munster to the East five from Minden There is in it a Nunnery the Abbess of which is a Princess of the Empire Herzegovina Arcegovina Chulmia Zachulmia Ducatus S. Sabae a Province in Servia called by the Turks Caratze-dag-ili that is the Black VVood by the Inhabitants Herzegovina by the French Le Duché de Saint Saba It is the upper part of the Kingdom of Bosnia lying upon Dalmatia towards the West and South the principal Town in it is S. Saba This was heretofore under Dukes of its own of the Family of Cossa in Venice Hesdin or Hesdin-Fert Hesdinum Hedena a fortified Town in the Borders of Artois upon the River Chanche Quantia which falls into the British Sea below Staple to the North. Built by the Spaniards in 1554. in the place where the Village of Mesnil formerly stood as a Fort against the French who have several times since taken it till in 1659. by the Pyrenean Treaty it was yielded to them It is seated in a Morass eight Miles from Abbevill to the North. Heserwaldt a Forest in the Dukedom of Cleves Hesperia the Name of Spain and Italy amongst some ancient Geographers Hessen See Hassia Hessi the People of Hessen or Hassia which drove out the Chatti and possessed their Land Heszgang the Cataracts of the Danube in Austria beneath Lentz Hethy Ocetis one of the Isles of Orkney called also Hoy. Hetland the same with Shetland another of those Isles Hetruria a large Country in the ancient division of Italy lying betwixt the Tyber the Apennine Mountains the Tyrrhenian Sea and separated from Liguria by the River Macra now Magra It was likewise called Thuscia The present Toscana or Province of Tuscany containing the greatest part of it Heu Itis the same with Assin a small River in Ross in the North-West part of Scotland Hexamili Isthmus Corinthiacus that Neck of Land which joins the Morea to the rest of Greece called thus because it is six Miles over This Passage has been attempted to be cut through to make the Morea an Island by Demetrius Julius Caesar Caligula Nero and after by Herodes Atticus a private Person These all failing it was walled against the Turks by a Grecian Emperour in 1413. By the Venetians in 1224. Amurath II. threw down this Wall in 1463. Mahomet II. in 1465. intirely ruined it though the Venetians had spared neither labour nor charge to fortifie and strengthen it making to the Wall one hundred and thirty six Towers and three Castles In 1687. the Venetians cast out the Turks again and are possessed of it See Morea Herham a Market Town in the County of Northumberland in Tindale Ward upon the River Tyne and the South side of the River Trent This has been anciently a place of great account For in the Infancy of the Saxon Church we read in Bede it was an Episcopal See with the Title of Episcopus Hagulstadiensis in the Person of S. Eata the fifth Bishop of Landisfarne and the first of Hexham to whom afterwards succeeded nine others till the fury of the Danes discontinued it and the Jurisdiction was annexed to the See of York King Henry VIII removed it from that See to the County of Northumberland whereby it became annexed to the Bishoprick of Durham The Church here was scarce inferiour to any in England before the Scots pulled a great part of it down It is fourteen Miles from Newcastle to the East and hath claimed the privilege of being a County Palatine Heydon See Headen Heyssant an Island upon the Coast of Bretagne in France Hiamuen a strong Town in the Province of Fokien in China in a near adjacent Island to the South of Ganhay from whence the Merchandises of China are transported into the Indies and the Philippine Islands It is a considerable Place as well for its Buildings as its Commerce yet the Chinese give it but the Name of a Fort because it is a Garrison Hichan the same with Chios an Island in the Mediterranean Hickling a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Happing Hidro a Mountain in Otranto in Italy Hielmeer a Lake in Sweden between the Provinces of Suderman and Neritia Hierapolis an ancient Archiepiscopal City of Syria The See was subject to the Patriarch of Antioch Also called Bambyca § There was a second in the Province now called Germian or Phrygia Major in the Lesser Asia which was likewise an Archiepiscopal See under the same Patriarch The Turks call the Ruins of this latter yet extant Bamboukale Hieres Olbia Area a small Town upon the Coast of Provence in France two Leagues from Thoulon which communicates its Name to those Islands in the Mediterranean over against it called the Hieres This was an ancient Colony of the People of Marseilles who then gave it the Name of Olbia from the Happiness of the Soil it stands in and being afterwards changed to Area it thence came to be called Hieres Charles I. King of Jerusalem and Earl of Provence purchased it of the Viscounts of Marseilles being heretofore one of the strongest Garrisons on the Coast of Provence and the ordinary place of embarquation for the Pilgrims to the Holy Land It has been adorned with a Collegiate Church ever since 1572. Hiero-Caesarea an ancient City of Doris in the Lesser Asia so called in honour of Caesar before Hierapolis Tacitus reckons it amongst the twelve Towns to which being in a great part all ruined by an Earthquake in one night Caesar remitted their Tribute for five years to recompence their loss There stood a celebrated Temple here dedicated by Cyrus to Diana L'Hiesmois Oximensis Pagus a Territory in Normandy which takes its Name from Hiesmes a Town in Normandy sixteen Miles from Caen to the South-East and eighteen from Mans to the North. Higham-Ferris a Corporation in the County of Northampton which has the Election of two Parliament-men The Capital of its Hundred It stands upon the Eastern banks of the River Nen with a Bridge over the same a Free-School an Alms-house and anciently a Castle whose Ruins yet are visible Highworth a Market Town in Wiltshire The Capital of its Hundred Hiind Indus the great River in the East-Indies Hildesheim Ascalingium Hildesia Hildesheimum Brennopolis a City in the Lower Saxony which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mentz erected by S. Lewis the Emperour it is seated upon the River Innerste not above two Miles from the Borders of the Dukedom of Brunswick seven from Zell to the South and six from Hamelen to the East The Bishop being the only Roman Catholick Bishop in all Saxony is the Protector of it which is otherwise a Free Imperial
entereth the Dukedom of Bavaria where being augmented by several other Rivers it falls into the Danube at Passaw over against Ilstat Inspruck or Insprug Oenipons is the Capital City of the County of Tyrol in Germany little but neat and populous built in a fruitful Valley upon the River In or Inns over which it has a Bridge and from whence it has its Name at the foot of the Alpes It has a neat strong Castle in which the Dukes of Austria have sometimes resided Walled by Otho the Great in 1234. but those Walls are not now maintained it is under the Emperour This City stands twenty Miles from Saltzburgh to the South-West and eighteen from Trent to the North. Most memorable for the shameful Flight of Charles V. in 1552. when Maurice Duke of Saxony Albert Marquess of Brandenburgh and William Landtgrave of Hessen joining their Forces suddenly took Auspurg twenty Miles from hence to the North-West in four days thence marching directly for Inspruck they took in their passage Eresburgh which was thought Impregnable and put that Prince with Ferdinando his Brother then at Inspruck into such a fright that they were forced to cross the Alpes in the dead of the night by Torch-light many of the Nobility not having so much as an Horse to ride on The next day these Confederate Princes took the Town plundered all they found belonging to the Emperour and Spaniards but spared the Towns Mens Goods and Houses This Action put an end to all the Projects of that Prince in Germany and has established the German Liberty then in great danger of ruin In 1689. about January this City suffered much by the repeated shocks of an Earthquake Instad Oenostadium a Suburb of the City of Passaw upon the Eastern Bank of the River Inn where it falls into the Danube Ioannipoli Jambol a City of Bulgaria which is a Bishops See Iocelin Josselinum a Town in Bretagne in France upon the River Ouste which coming from S. Quintin falls into the River Vilaine near Redon It stands sixteen Miles from Rennes to the West and as many from S. Brieux to the North-West Ioden Judaei the Jews Iâ—gues Gymnosophistae a Heathen Sect of Philosophers of great Antiquity in the East-Indies still extant Ioigny Joviniacum a City in France upon the River Yonne Icauna in Champagne in the Territory of Sens which is built at the foot of an Hill and has splendid Castle belonging to it written by some Iviniacum Ioinville Joanvilla a small Town in Champagne in France upon the River Marne Matrona eight Leagues from Chaumont to the North eighteen from Chalons to the South-East Ennobled with the Title of a Principality by Henry II. of France in 1552. in favour of Francis of Lorrain Duke of Guise Iolcos an ancient Maritime Town in Thessalia upon the Archipelago at the foot of the Mountain Pelion and near the Cities Demetrias and Pagasae The famous Argonautae were said to embarque here It has been since called Iaco. Iona Ibona Hii an Island on the West of Scotland famous for the Sepulchres of the old Scotch Kings The chief Town is Sodore a Bishops See in time past who had in his Jurisdiction all these Western Isles and the Isle of Man This See was erected in 840. This is the same with Cholmkil and lies five Miles from Dunstafag to the North-West Ionia a fruitful Province of the Lesser Asia betwixt Caria and Aetolia now called by the Turks Quiscon Famous in ancient times for many considerable Cities and Noble Temples standing in it as also for a Sect of Philosophers called the Ionian Sect who were of the Disciples of Thales of Miletus The Sea betwixt Greece and Sicily towards Macedonia Epirus Achaia and the Peloponnesus anciently bore the Name of the Ionian Sea which Name some derive from Javan the Son of Japhet Ionne Joanna a River written also Yonne it ariseth in the Dukedom of Burgundy from the Mountain called Morvant near the Castle of Chinone and visiteth the City of Clamesy in Nivergne and Cretian where it takes in the Cure after which passing on the East of Auxerre it becomes sufficient for the passage of Boats of some Bulk and admits the Serine and Armancione then passing by Sens falls into the Seyne at Montreau sur Yonne seventeen Leagues above Paris Ionquera Juncaria an old Roman Town mentioned by Antoninus and Ptolemy It is in Catalonia at the foot of the Pyrenean Hills near the Passage called Col de Pertus in the Confines of Rousillon and France three Leagues West from the Mediterranean Sea five from Perpignan to the South and seven from Girona to the North-East Ionquieres Juncariae a Town in Provence in France upon the Mediterranean Sea five Leagues from Marseille to the West and fifteen from Avignon to the South Iortan Jortanum a City and Kingdom on the North side of the Island of Java in the East-Indies The City has a good frequented Port betwixt the Streights of Palambuam and Passarvan Also a River of the same Name Ios an Island of the Aegean Sea to the North of Candia one of the ancient Sporades Famous heretofore for the Tomb of Homer according to Pliny Iotapata an ancient City of Palestine besieged taken and ruined by the Emperour Vespasian at the same time that Josephus the Jewish Historian assisted in its defence who describes the Siege Ant. Jud. l. 3. Iouare or Jouars Jotrum an Abbey of the Benedictines in the Province of Brie in France in the Diocese of Meaux where a Council was celebrated in 1130. Iour Jura a Mountain which divides France from Switzerland Ioura or Jero Gyarus Giaros Giara a small and barren Island of the Archipelago whether the Romans used relegare their Criminals i. e. in the sense of the Roman Law in opposition to deportare to banish them for a determinate or indeterminate time Juvenal understands the same place in his Aude aliquid brevibus gyaris carcere c. There is nothing at this day to be found upon it but Fishermens Cabbins Iourdain Jordan Jordanes is the greatest River in the Holy Land or Palestine and the most celebrated in the Holy Scriptures called at this day by the Inhabitants Scheriah It ariseth in the Confines of Coelosyria from two Fountains Jor and Dan both at the foot of Mount Libanus four Miles above Caesarea Philippi and running Southward it maketh two Lakes first that of Meroz then that of Capernaum called also the Sea of Galilee and having watered several of the ancient Cities of the Land of Canaan none of which are now extant it falls into the Dead Sea or Lake of Sodom It is the greatest or rather the only River in all this Country the rest being mere Brooks rather than Rivers About half as broad at Jerico as the River Seine is at Paris very rapid and the Water of it thick because it passeth through fat Lands and is very full of Fish beset on both sides with thick and pleasant Woods This account is
of the Negro Slaves of Nicaragua to look after the Fields and the Cattle Isle des Sacrifices an Island upon the Coast of the Province of Tlascala in New Spain in America near the City St. Jean d'Vlva so called from the cruel Sacrifices of Men made by the Natives to their Gods The Spaniards used for some time to discharge their Merchandises at this place Islebe See Eisleben Issenos Selinus Trajanopolis a City in Cilicia in the Lesser Asia Ismar See Smyrna Isne Issny Ysna Viana a small City in Schwaben in Germany in the Territory of Algow upon the River Arg which falls into the Lake of Constance four German Miles from Kempten to the West the same from Lindaw to the North-East and eleven from Vlm to the South made an Imperial Free Town by Charles IV. Emperour of Germany Isnich Ascania Palus Nicaea Antigonia a City in Bythinia famous for the first General Council here held in 325. See Nicaea Isnigâ—mid Nicomedia a ruined City of Bythinia Isola Insula Aesulum Aesulae an Episcopal City in the Province of Calabria Vlterior in the Kingdom of Naples § This Name is also given to the River Cremera in Tuscany to an Island of the â—iber called in Latin Libanus almae Veneris and to a City of Histria in Latin Alietum Isonzo Isontius Natisco Sontius a River of Friuli it ariseth out of the Carinthian Alpes in Carniola a Province of Germany and entering Friuli a Province of Italy it watereth the County and City of Goritia and also Gradiska where taking in Frigido Turre and some other Rivers it leaveth Aquileja and falls into the Gulph of Trieste five Miles South-East of Aquileja near this River Odacer who had made himself King of Italy was slain by Theodorick King of the Goths in 489. To this Place the Turks came under the Command of Asa-Beg in 1177. in the time of Mahomet the Great and overthrew Jeronimo Novello Count of Verona a famous Commander of those times and slew him in Battel together with his Son and most of his Commanders destroying a Party of three thousand Venetians and setting one hundred Villages on fire Ispaham See Haspaam Ispirite Sparte a Village and Mountain in Thrace upon the Euxine or Black Sea Issar Sichem a ruined Place in Samaria in the Holy Land Issedon an ancient City of Scythia beyond the Mountain Imaus supposed by some to be the Modern Ciracoram in Tartary or Synchun or Suchur in the Kindom of Tangut towards the Region of Cathay in China Issel See Yssel Issoire Isiodorum a City in Auvergne in France upon the River Allier which divides this Province and falls afterwards into the Loyre six Leagues from Clermont to the South This City is called Icciodorum Issorium and Icâ—odurum Issoudun Exelodunum Exsoldunum a strong Town in the Dukedom of Berry in France in the Diocese of Bourges upon the little River Thiol seven or eight Leagues from Burges A Synod was assembled at it in 1081. Issus See Laiazzo Istacar Istacarta a City in Persia one of the most ancient of that Kingdom and once a Royal City but now scarce a Village the City of Xiras having sprung out of its Ruines and overwhelmed it It stood one Mile from the Araxis now Bendamur Istthmus Corinthiacus the Neck of Land betwixt the Ionian and Aegean Seas near Corinth or betwixt the Gulph of Corinth and the Gulph of Engia which connects the Morea with Achaia and the rest of Greece The Emperours Julius Caesar Caligula and Nero in vain attempting to cut a passage from the Ionian Sea into the Archipelago through it created the Proverb Istthmum fodere for an unsuccessful undertaking It is six Miles long There was afterwards built upon it a Wall of the same length called Hexamilium and Hexamili which Amurah II. destroyed the Venetians repaired and fortified and Mahomet II. again destroyed in 1443. § Istthmus of Panama See Panama § Isthmus of Suez an Istthmus betwixt the Mediterranean Sea to the North and the Red Sea to the South which joins Egypt to Palestine and Arabia Petraea seventy Arabian Miles large taking this Name from the City Suez upon the Banks of the Red Sea It has been attempted to cut a passage through it from the two Seas divers times in vain Istria See Histria Istrig Sargetia a River of Walachia which ariseth in the South part of Transylvania and falls into the River Marish In the Bed of this River Decebalus buried his Treasure when invaded by the Emperour Trajan Italia Latium Ausonia Hesperia Oenotria Saturnia is the most celebrated Country in Europe the Mistris and Civilizer of all the rest As she had anciently all those Names I have already expressed so of later times the Germans call it Welschlandt or Wallischlandt the Danes Ualland the Turks Talia the Poles and Sclavonians Uloska It s ancient Bounds extended no further to the North than the Rivers of Arnus now Arno and Aesis Esino afterwards it was enlarged by the Conquest of the Senones to the River Rubicon now Il Pisatello All between these Rivers and the Alpes being then called Gallia Cisalpina But at this day it is extended to the Alpes and the River Varus which parts it from France and Germany to the West and North on which side also the Adriacick Sea divides it from Dalmatia on the South the Tyrrhenian Sicilian and Ligurian Seas divide it from Africa on the West the same Sea washeth it and on the East the lower part of the Adriatick Sea and the Ionian which divide it from Greece This Country lies in the form of a vast Peninsula and resembles very much the Leg of a Man It containeth in length from Augusta Praetoria now Aoust at the foot of the Alpes unto Otranto in the most Eastern Point of the Kingdom of Naples one thousand and twenty Miles in breadth from the River Varo which parts it from Provence to the Mouth of the River Arsa in Friuli where it is broadest four hundred and ten about Otranto where narrowest it has not above twenty five and in the middle from the Mouth of Pescara on the Adriatick Sea to that of the Tiber on the opposite Shoar is one hundred twenty six Miles its whole Circuit may be about three thousand four hundred forty eight Miles The Apennine Hills divide it into two parts it is a very fruitful pleasant Country and towards the North extremely well watered with Rivers At first divided into divers Tribes and Nations which being all united by the Roman Conquests into one Empire upon the ruin of that it became again divided into divers Seigniories and Republicks that are now severally in the hands of the Pope the King of Spain the Republick of Venice the Dukes of Savoy Florence Mantoua Modena and Parma the Common-wealths of Genoua and Lucca and some other small Principalities of all which I shall discourse in their proper places This Country lies towards the midst of the Temperate Zone from 28. deg and an half of Long. to 42. and
the Nation on the account of the Haven and the Castle which being Garrisoned keeps the Country quiet and in awe In the time of the Rebellion of the Irish it held out against them and afforded shelter and relief to many thousands which fled to it When Cromwell came up it yielded without a Stroke in 1649. It surrendred to General Schomberg for want of Ammunition August 27. 1689 upon Articles after a Siege of eight or ten Days by Sea and Land King William landed here June 14. 1690 at his coming into Ireland At this day the Trade is going to Belfast a Town eight Miles more to the South upon the same Haven and that has put a stop to the Growth of Knockfergus Knockenhauss a Town in Livonia in Leisland upon the River Duna which belonged heretofore to Poland but is at present under the Swedes it lies sixteen German Miles East from Riga upon the same River Knoctoe that is the Hill of Axes a place in the County of Gallway four Miles from the City of Gallway on the West of Ireland under which the Noble Girald Fitz-Girald Earl of Kildare and by times for the space of thirty three years Lord Deputy of Ireland in 1516 overthrew the greatest Rabble of Rebels that ever was seen together before in Ireland which had been assembled by William Burk Obrian Macnemare and O. Carral Knottesford a Market Town in Cheshire in the Hundred of Bucklow Kola a small Town of Lapland which stands upon a River of the same Name and has a Haven upon the White Sea This is under the Dominion of the Russ much frequented by the Ships of England and Holland It lies sixty German Miles South-East from the North Cape ninety five North-West from Archangel in Long. 57. 30. Lat. 68. 30. Koldinguen Coldinga a City of South Jutland which has a Castle called Arensborch and a Haven upon the Baltick Sea over against the Isle of Fiona Here the Horse and Oxen which are driven into Holstein and Germany in vast Numbers pay a Toll to the King of Denmark Christian III. King of Denmark died here in 1559. Kolom Columna a considerable City in the Province of Mosco upon the River Mosco where it falls into that of Aka or Occa sixteen Miles to the East from Mosco It has a delightful appearance by reason of its Towers and Stone Walls which are not usual in Moscovy The Duke has here a Governor or Vaiwod And it is also the See of the only Bishop in this Province Koloswar See Clausenburgh Kom Komum a vast City in Persia in the Province of Hierach in the middle between Hispahan and Casbin Komare Komore Komorra Comaria a very strong and well fortified Town in the Lower Hungary seated on the South point of the Isle of Schut where the Danube reunites into one Stream four German Miles from Raab two from Neuheusel to the South and five from Gran to the North. This Town was first fortified by Matthias Corvinus King of Hungary in 1472. against the Germans in design but for them in effect it having been one of the impregnable Bulwarks of Christendom against the Turks ever since they took Gran in 1542. It is a great populous rich City as well as a strong one By a Line drawn from the Waagh that is the Southern Branch of the Danube to the Northern Branch of the Danube strengthened with four Bastions the Emperor has much inlarged it The Emperor kept here always a great Garrison and a Trusty Governor After the taking of Raab in 1591. Sinan Bassa besieged this Town with sixty Ships and a great number of Turks and Tartars but without any success to the great slaughter of the Tartars especially All his Treachery for he sent five Turks to suborn Baron Brown the then Governor to sell the Town under the shew of a Parly and Valor too were here equally baffled sour of the five Turks having their Heads set upon Spears and the fifth being sent back to the Bassa to let him know there were no more Traytors to be bought The chief strength of it is in a Fort called the Tertise Kongel Congella a City in Norway in the County of Babuis upon the River Trolhet five Miles above its outlet and twelve from Gottenburgh to the North now under the Swedes Koningsberg Mons Regius Regio-mons or Regiomontum a City in Prussia Ducalis whereof it is the Capital under the Elector of Brandenburgh upon the River Pregel Adorned with a Ducal Palace and an University which was sounded by Albert Duke of Prussia in 1544. It is a great and handsome a trading and an Anseatique City Koning-gratz Gradium Reginae Ragino Gradecium a City of Bohemia called also Kralowihrades and Koningsgrats which in 1664. was made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Prague by Pope Alexander VII It is seated upon the Elbe twelve Miles from Prague to the East thirty two from Vienna to the North-West in the prefecture of Gradetz Konitz Conitia a Town in Prussia Regia upon the River Bro near the Desart of Waldow in the Confines of the Brandenburgh-Pomerania eight Polish Miles from Culm to the West This Town is called by the Poles Choinicke Koperberg Cuprimontium a Free Town of Sweden which has rich and most useful Mines of Copper from whence it has its Name It stands not far from a Lake in the Province of Gestrick fifty Miles from Gevals a Town in the same Province to the West and a little more from the Botner Sea See Gestrick Kopizath Imaus See Imaus Koppan Campona Copanum a Town in the Lower Hungary upon the Danube mentioned by Antoninus in his Itinerary which is near Buda some suppose it the same with this others Keppel and others Theten two Miles from Buda Korbaten Colapiani the Croates See Croatia They are also called Krabaten by the Germans Kornthaurn Taurus a Mountain of Carinthia between it and Salisburgh mentioned by Tacitus Jornandes Eutropius and Herodian Ortelius saith it is of a vast height and is called Thaurn Kornthaurn Krumlechthaurn and Rhadstratterthaurn Korsoe Corsoa a small City in Denmark on the Western Shoar of the Island of Zealand at which Charles Gustavus first Landed in 1658. It stands upon that Arm of the Baltick Sea which is called Die Belt over against the Island of Fionia and the City of Newborg two English Miles West of Skelsor and has a Castle belonging to it Korsum Korsuma a Town in the Palatinate of Kâ—ovia upon the River Rosse built in 1581. by K. Stephen and memorable for a great Victory obtained over the Poles by the Cossacks in 1648. It stands five Polish Miles from Czyrkassy to the West Kotting Cotuantii an ancient People amongst the Grisons the same perhaps with the Gotthouspunt Kouuno Couuna a City in Poland in the Dukedom of Lithuania upon the River Chronus or Niemen where it receives the Vil in the Confines of Samogitia eighteen Polish Miles from Vilna to the West fourteen from Troki in which Palatinate it
Lewis VIII King of France which was afterward in 1267. set right by a Treaty when Lewis IX in consideration of a Marriage surrendered all his Right and Title as Son of the said Blanch to Alphonsus V. King of Leon and Castile Peter de la Marca Archbishop of Paris in his History of Bearn saith this Kingdom did not begin so early as the Spaniards pretend and endeavours to prove it But this is no place for Controversies Leon Leondoul Leona a City in Britagne in France on the North Shoar of that Province thirty three Leagues from Rennes to the West ten from Treguier and eleven from Brest to the North. This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Toures one S. Paul being its most ancient Bishop about the year 600 the City is often called S. Paul de Leon from him it is the Capital of the Territory of Leonnois well fortified and has also a Castle and a safe Harbour upon the British Sea Heretofore the Seat of the Dukes of Britagne and the Country of the ancient Osismi or Osismii mentioned by Caesar whence its Latin Name besides Leona and Leonum is Civitas Osismorum § There is mention made of another Leon in Cappadocia in the Lesser Asia otherwise called Vatiza and thought to be the Polemenium of the Ancients S. Leonard a Town in Limosin in France and another in Nivergne Lepanto Naupactus Aetolia a Sea-Port in Achaia now Livadia called by the Turks Enebchti is seated in that part of Greece which the Ancients called Aetolia twelve Miles from Patras the Italians gave it the name of Lepanto it is seated not far from the entrance of the Western Bay of Corinth heretofore so called but now from this place the Gulph of Lepanto The City is built on the South side of a towering Mountain formed like a Cone on the top of which is a strong Castle surrounded with four strong Walls set at some distance one above another between which the Inhabitants have their Houses The Port is very handsom and beautiful and may be secured by a Chain the Mouth of it is so streight it will hold but a few Ships and those cannot go out and in at any time for want of Water It is seated in a pleasant Country filled with delightful Gardens yielding some of the best Wine in Greece and has on the East side a a fine River which serves their Mills then their Gardens and afterward all the City and Seamen The Turks have six or seven Mosques in it the Greeks two Churches and the Jews three Synagogues In 1408. it was under the Emperor of Greece but being too remote as things then stood for him to secure it Emanuel the Emperor assigned it to the Venetians who took care to fortifie it as it is now In 1475. Mahomet the Great the same that took Constantinople having gained Corinth besieged it with an Army of thirty thousand Men and after four Months spent before it was forced to retire with with shame and loss The Turks having found by this costly experiment the strength of this important place in 1499. made use of another method besides a victorious Army and a potent Fleet to terrifie them he imployed Bribes corrupted Hiâ—ronimo Tropo the Venetian Governour and by a Treachery altogether unworthy of Bajazet II. who was here in person possessed himself of it In 1571. Octob. 7. in the Gulph of Lepanto from five a Clock in the morning till night was fought the most bloody Sea Battel betwixt the Christian and the Ottoman Fleets that ever besel the Turks since the beginning of their Empire There in the same Gulph where the Emperor Augustus overthrew Marc Anthony The Christians lost eight thousand Men. Of the Turks five thousand were taken prisoners and about thirty thousand slain with Hali Bassaw their Admiral Of the Turkish Gallies one hundred and thirty were taken and above ninety others sunk burnt and destroyed The Generalissimo on the Christians side was Don John of Austria a Natural Brother to Philip II. King of Spain accompanied with the Flower of the Italian Nobility At the same time nigh twenty thousand Christian Slaves recovered their Liberty In 1687. the Venetians having in the three preceding years almost beat the Turks out of the rest of the Morea and resolved to begin this Campagne with the Siege of Patras their General Morosini Landed in the Morea near Patras on July 22. notwithstanding all the opposition of the Serasquier the 24. he fought and defeated the Serasquier and having thereupon taken in Patras and the Dardanell Castle on that side so called in imitation of those of the Hellespont he crossed to the other to Lepanto and found the Turks making all the haste they could to empty the Place for him whereupon he entred and took Possession of it for that Republick without striking one blow Thus was this important Place lost as basely as it was gained and the Cowardize of this Age has revenged the Treachery of the former It had in it one hundred and twenty Brass Canon And it is an Archiepiscopal City tho the Archbishop has used to reside at Larta The Gulph of Lepanto is formed by the shooting forth of two Promontories into the Ionian Sea from the Morea and Achaia called Capo Antirio and Capo Rione The first of which has the Castle of Patras the other the Castle of Romelia for its defence Leprus Pariedrus a huge Mountain of a vast height out of which Araxes and Euphrates spring Lera Igmanus Sigmanus a River of Aquitain in France more commonly called La Leyre which falls into the small Bay of Buch eight Miles from Bourdeaux to the South-West and the same distance from the Mouth of the Guaronne to the South Leresse See the Nieper Lergue Larga a River in Gallia Narbonensis Hoffman Lericee a small Town upon the Coasts of the Republick of Genoua in Italy at the Foot of the Rocks looking to the Sea It is taken to be the Portus Erycis of Ptolemy and Antoninus A frequented place for Embarkations four or five Miles from Sarzana and East of Sestri de Levante There is a Gulph by it separated by a Neck of Land from the Gulph of Spezza or Speccia Lerida Ilerda a City of Catalonia in Spain which in the Roman times was the Capital of that part of Spain they called Tarraconensis It is now called Leyda by the Inhabitants and Lerida by the Spaniards a strong place built upon a rising ground but declining to the River Segre Taken from the Moors in 1143. and made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona In 1300. here was an University opened at which Pope Calixtus III. took his Degree of Doctor of the Laws yet it never acquired any great Fame or Repute of later times it has suffered much from the French who have made many Attempts upon it But in 1646. in one of their Attacks they were beaten off and lost all their Cannon here This City lies twenty four Spanish
Miles from Saragoza to the East seven from the Ebro North and twenty nine from Barcelona to the West Julius Caesar overcame Afranius and Petreius Pompey's Friends here In the year 514. under the Reign of Theodorick King of the Ostrogoths a Council was celebrated at the same place Long. 21. 31. Lat. 42. 20. Les Lerines two Islands of the Mediterranean Sea upon the Coast of Provence at a small distance from each other Now called severally S. Honore de Lerin and Margarita See those Words In Ptolemy and Strabo their Names are Planasia and Lero In Pliny and Antoninus Lero and Lerina Hither say Tacitus and Suetonius the Emperor Augustus banished Agrippa They are commended for Temperature and Fertility The Saracens of Fraxinetum in the seventh Century much infested them In 1635. the Spaniards surprized but were obliged to quit them the year after To which add that the Monastery of S. Honore founded in 375 by Honorius Archbishop of Arles has been reckoned to produce twelve Archbishops twelve Bishops ten Abbats four Monks all Confessors and one hundred and five Martyrs It belongs to the Order of S. Benedict Lerma a small Town in Old Castile upon the River Arlanzon six Leagues from Occa to the South and twelve from Pincia to the East which is born by the Title of a Dukedom by one of the greatest Families in Spain Some write it Larema Leros an Island in the Archipelago adorn'd with an Episcopal City of the same Name and driving a considerable Trade with Aloes Lers Lertius is the Name of two Rivers in Languedoc in France the great Lers riseth in the higher Languedoc and watereth Mirepoix then falls into the Ariege and with it soon after into the Garonne 2. The little Leers ariseth in the same Province and falls into the Garonne a little beneath Tolose Les or Lez Telis Ledus a River which ariseth in Languedoc three Leagues above Montpellier and a little beneath the Castle of Latte about four Miles from the Mediterranean Sea falls into the Fens of Magulone Lesdos See Metelin Lescar Lascura Beneharnum Benarnensium Vrbs Bearnensium Civitas Bernanus a City in the Principality of Bearn upon the River Le Gave de Pau one League from Pau to the East seventeen from Baionne and five from Olerone to the East It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Aux and was built in the year 1000. upon the Ruins of the City Bearn which was ruined by the Normans in 845. The Huguenots in 1569. much endamaged this City In the Cathedral the Kings of Navarre lie entombed but their Tombs also were defaced in the Civil Wars of France Lesche Laetia a small River in the Diocese of Liege which falls into the Maes a little above Dinant Lesina Pharia an Island on the Coast of Dalmatia under the Venetians thirteen German Miles long and almost three in breadth seated about four from Spalato to the South-West having a Town of the same Name in the North-East part of the Island which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Spalato The Sclavonians call this Isle Huar Mr. Wheeler in his Travels pag. 24. saith it is very high Rocky and Mountainous and by computation one hundred Miles in compass It has a good Haven at the South End the Town whereof is called by the Name of the Isle this represents a Theatre the Figure of which he gives us It appears very beautiful to those that enter the Port being built in several degrees one above another according to the rising of the ground having a Cittadel on the top of a steep Rock backed with exceeding high Mountains and lying open to the South but the Harbour is secured by the Rocks against it c. It is deep enough for Ships of any Rate and Bread and Wine are cheap Their chiefest Trade is the Fishing of Sardelli which are like Anchovies over against it lies Lissa a small Island Spalato saith he lies from this Town thirty Miles to the North and Lissa the same distance to the South § Also a City of the Capitinata in the Kingdom of Naples near a Lake of its own Name a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento Leskeard or Liskerd a Corporation in the County of Cornwall in the West Hundred which has the Election of two Burgesses for the House of Commons Lesnow Lesnovia a small Town in Wolhinia in Poland fifteen Miles South of Lucka or Luceoria where John Cassimir King of Poland in 1651. defeated the Cossacks and Tartars and slew twenty thousand of them Lessines or Lessen Lessina a small City in Hainault upon the River Dender Tenera in the Confines of Flanders five Leagues from Brussels to the West Lesteiocori Lechaeum the Haven of Corinth upon the Gulph of Lepanto Lestoft or Laystoff a Market Town in the County of Suffolk in he Hundred of Lothingland the most Northern Sea-Town of this County It drives a Trade of Fishing for Cod in the North Sea and upon its own Coasts for Herrings Lestwithiel or Listhiel a Market Town and Corporation in the County of Cornwal in the Hundred of Powder which has the Honour of electing two Burgesses for the Parliament Letchlade a Market Town in Glocestershire in the Hundred of Brittles-barrow Lethe and Lethes the ancient Name of the River Guadalete in Spain Of Fiume di Mangresia as the Italians call it in Lydia in the Lesser Asia Of two others in Macedonia and Candia And in the Fictions of the Poets Lethe makes one of the Rivers of Hell wherein the pleasures of the World are forgotten Letines Lestines or Liptines Liptinae sive Lestinae an ancient Palace Royal near Binche in Hainault in the Diocese of Cambray There was a Council assembled here in 743. in the Reign of Charlemaigne who had a part of the church-Church-Lands by a Sentence thereof granted to him to support his Wars Letrim a County of the Province of Conaught in Ireland between the County of Slego to the North Roscomon to the West Longford to the South and Cavan to the East It takes its Name from the Castle of Letrim on the West side of this County there is besides it no place of any Note This County is full of Hills which afford plenty of Grass and from thence abounds with Cattle above belief Lettaw the same with Garnsey Letten or Leitland Litlandia a considerable part of Livonia the Western part of which which is the greatest is under the King of Sweden and the Eastern under the Duke of Moscovy The principal City is Riga on the North it hast Easthonia on the West the Bay of Riga on the South Semigallia parted from it by the River Dwina and on the East the Dominions of the Duke of Moscovy Lettere Letteranum a small City which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Amalsi in the Kingdom of Naples seated in the Hither Principate upon a Hill about three Miles from the Tyrrhenian Sea and the same from the Confines of the Terra di
to the West and sixteen from Magdeburg to the South It has a Castle called Pleisenburg and an University opened here by Frederick Marquess of Misnia in 1409. Upon the Banishment of the followers of Jerome of Prague from that City four thousand Students retiring to this In 1520. Luther disputed here with Eckius against the Popes Supremacy soon after which they embraced the Reformation In 1547. this City which then belonged to Maurice Duke of Saxony was besieged by John the Elector of that House in the Month of January Maurice tho a Protestant having joined with the Emperour against the rest of the Augustane Princes who had taken Arms for the defence of their Religion and Liberty against Charles V. And although the City was not then taken yet it was much defaced by the Battery and its Suburbs burnt In 1630. Gustavus Adolphus gave the Forces of Ferdinand II. a great defeat near this place In 1642. the Swedes defeated the Forces of Ferdinand III. under the Arch-Duke Leopold and Piccolomineo and thereupon the City was forced to yield it self to the Victorious Swedes It is not great but rich by reason of its Mart twice every year and the great concourse of Students to this University Leyte Leyta Lutis a River of Austria which washing the Town Prurck adder Leyta in the Lower Austria at Altemburg falls into the Danube three Hungarian Miles from Presburg to the South and six from Javarin Lez Ledum Liria a River of Languedoc it ariseth three Miles above Montpellier and a little beneath falls by the Lake of Maguelone into the Mediterranean Sea See Les. Lhon See Lippe Lhundain the Welsh Name of London Lhydaw the Name of Bretagne a Province in France in some of the Writers of the middle Ages Liacura Parnassus a Mountain in Greece in Achaia Liamone Pitanus or Ticarius a River in the Isle of Corsica Liampo the most Easternly Cape of all the Continent of China in the East-Indies taking its Name from a Town so called in the Province of Chechiara Lianne Liana Elna a small River in Picardy in France which ariseth in the Confines of Artois and flowing through the County of Bologne by the Capital City of it falls into the British Sea Liasto Liguidon a Sea-Port on the East of Sardinia an Island in the Mediterranean Sea Libano Libanus the greatest and best known Mountain in Syria which alone produceth the Cedar Tree in that Country It beginneth between the Confines of Arabia and Damascus and ends at the Mediterranian Sea near Tripoli having run from East to West one hundred and twenty five Miles It is the oftenest mentioned of any Mountain in the Sacred Scriptures exceeding high and very far spread fruitful and pleasant and was the Northern Boundary of the Holy Land and Mother of the River Jordan Now inhabited by divers Towns and some Cities amongst which is the Seat of the Residence of the Patriarch of the Maronites The Rivers Rochan Nahar-Rossens and Nahar-Cardicha spring from it The Northern part is said to be continually covered with Snow It hath Palestine to the South Mesopotamia to the East and Armenia to the North with one foot in Phoenicia another in Syria and the Mediterranean to the West Opposite to it stands a Mountain called Antilibanus separated only by a Valley See Antilibanus Libaw Liba a Town in the Dukedom of Curland in the Kingdom of Poland which has an Haven on the Baltick Sea in the Confines of Samogitia eighteen German Miles from Memel in Prussia and twenty five from Mittaw the Capital of Semigallia to the West This Town was often taken and retaken in the late Wars between the Swedes and Poles at last by the Treaty of Olive-Kloster in 1660. it was restored to the Duke of Curland Liburnia a Branch of the ancient Illyricum now thrown partly into Croatia and partly into Dalmatia It s principal City was Scardona now Scardo in Dalmatia The Lopsi were some of its ancient people to whom is owing the invention of light Frigats thence called Naves Liburnicae Libya is so considerable a part of Africa in the old Geographies that the Greeks called all Africa Lybia It stood divided into the Exterior and Interior The former lay along the Mediterranean betwixt Egypt and Marmorica or from Egypt South according to others along the left Bank of the Nile as far as to Aethiopia in which space the Desart of Elfocat and the Kingdom and Desart of Gaoga now are contained The other ran from the Mountain Atlas to the River Niger containing the now vast Desart of Zaara And this latter is Libya properly so called Which together with Libya Marmorica now Barca and Libya Cyrenaica makes up a second division that we find in Writers of Libya Lichfield Lichfeldia a City which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Canterbury seated in the County of Stafford twenty four English Miles from Leicester to the West ten from Stafford to the North-East and sixteen from Coventry to the North-West It is a low seated beautiful and large City divided into two parts by a clear Brook which is crossed by Causeys with Sluces in them for the Passage of the Water That part which lies on the South Side of this Water is the greater by far and divided into several Streets and the North Part though less has the Cathedral Church the Close incompassed with a strong Wall in which are the Prebends Houses and the Bishops Palace This has been a Bishops See very long for in the year of our Lord 606. Oswius King of Northumberland having conquered the then Pagan Mercians instituted a Bishoprick and settled Dwina as Bishop here to instruct them in the Christian Faith his Successors were in such esteem with the following Kings of Mercia that they did not only obtain large Possessions for the maintaining the Dignity of this See but were also reputed the Primates of Mercia and Archbishops Ladulph one of them had a Pall sent him as such upon the Golden Solicitations of Offa King of the Mercians about 779. Which Dignity lasted not long for it died with this King and Archbishop Ladulph A Synod held in 1075. ordaining that the Bishops Sees for the future should be settled in the greatest Cities Peter Bishop of Lichfield removed this to Chester Robert Lindsey another of them removed it to Coventry Roger Clinton a third Bishop but the thirty seventh in Succession in 1148. began the beautiful Cathedral here which he dedicated to the Blessed Virgin and S. Chad and rebuilt the Castle which is now intirely ruined The Ciose in the old Rebellion was garrisoned for the King But the Lord Brook a zealous Parliamentarian coming before it March 2. 1642. though the General was slain and so paid dear for his Disloyalty yet the place was taken by that Party The twenty second of that Month the King's Forces returned and besieged it the second time and April 8. after a Defeat of three thousand that came to the Relief of
had heretofore Kings of its own till the Portugueze expelled them But of late the Natives have expelled the Portugueze Matane a Country in Africa East of the Island of Madagascar where the French have some time since established Colonies Matapan Taenarus the most Southern Cape of all Europe in the Morea provided with two good Ports betwixt which the Turks in 1570. built a Fortress to bridle the Mainotes called Castro di Maini But the Venetians soon after destroyed it to favour the Mainotes with their Liberty again Mataya a Province towards the River of Amazons in South America betwixt the Mouth of the Rivers Madera and Tapaysa where they both fall into the River of Amazons Matayone a Dutchy in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples supposed to be the Magdalonum or the Meta Leonis of the Ancients Matera Mateola a City in the Province of Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples in the Borders of the Basilicate and of the Territory of Bari upon the River Canapro seated in a Valley surrounded on all sides with Mountains This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bari and now in a very good state it stands thirty six Miles from Taranto to the North-West and twenty five from Bari to the South-West Long. 40. 45. Lat. 40. 42. Materan or Materaw Materanum a great City on the South Side of the Isle of Iava in the East-Indies one hundred Leagues from Bantam to the East The Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name of great extent from East to West And once the Capital City of the whole Island of Iava Long. 135. 40. Southern Lat. 8. 20. Matharee or Matheree a sweet and delicious Seat two Leagues from Cairo in Aegypt concerning which the Cophtite Christians entertain a Tradition that the Blessed Virgin with the young Child reposed for some time there in their flight from Herod into this Kingdom Matin Mathis a River of Macedonia which falls into the Gulph of Venice near Durazzo Matique Matica a Province in Florida towards the Apalatean Hills Matâ—agia Messene a very ancient but ruined City in the Morea on the Southern Shoar towards the West Matzuma a Country in the Land of Jesso lately discovered by the Hollanders between Japan and Tartary which has a City of the same name See Jesso Maudre Modre Maldra a small River in the Isle of France which ariseth near Montfort and falls into the Seyne at Mayenne Maulcon a Town in Biscay Mauleon de Soule Malleo Mauleosolium a Town in the Pais des Basques in France The Capital of the Viscounty of Soule Mauli a River in Sicily See il fiume di Ragusa Mauâ—ve See Mauve Mauren-Haer Sogdiana a Province on the North-East of Persia Mauriac Mauriacum a Mountain in Auvergne Maurice Mauritia a City in Brasil in Pernambuck built by John Maurice Prince of Nassaw in 1644. The Capital of the Dutch Plantations in those Countries afterwards taken by the Portuguese This City stands upon the River Biberibi a little above its Mouth two Spanish Leagues from Olinda to the South and has a safe Port near Reciff It was called by the Dutch Mauritzstadt Maurienne a Valley or Province of Savoy extended from the Alpes to the River Isere on the one side and from la Tarantaise to Dauphine on the other It s Capital City is S. Jean de Maurienne an Episcopal See upon the River Arche This Valley has been honoured with the Title of an Earldom above six Ages since and some are of opinion that it anciently was the Seat of the Brannovices mentioned by Caesar Mauritania an ancient large Region of Africa which now lies contained within the Western part of Barbary They divided it into Caesariensis Tingitana and Sitifensis Mauritania Caesariensis had Getulia to the South the Mediterranean Sea to the North Tingitana to the West and Sitifensis to the East and is now almost wholly included in the West of the Kingdom of Algiers Mauritania Tingitania was bounded on all sides by the Atlantick and Mediterranean Oceans together with Caesariensis and Getulia And in the time of the Emperour Constantine was called by the Spaniards Mauritania Transfretana The name of Tingitana came from the City Tingi now Tangier Mauritania Sitifensis had for its bounds Numidia to the East Caesariensis to the West the Mediterranean to the North and Gaetulia to the South And the Eastern part of the present Kingdom of Algiers stands in this Mauritania Mauritz-Mylandt Cygnea an Island in the Aethiopian Sea upon the Coast of Africa called Docerne by the Portuguese who first discovered it See Isle Maurice Long. 80. Lat 20. South Mauritzlandt a part of America Magellanica in the Land of Fire on the South of the Streights of Magellan most extended to the East of those Streights and first discovered by the Hollanders in 1616. It had this name from the Prince of Orange who occasioned the Discovery Maurothalassa the Euxine Sea Maurum Taurus a Mountain in Asia Mauve Malva a small River in the Dukedom of Orleance which falls into the Loyre at Mehun four Leagues beneath Orleans to the West Baudrand writes Mauâ—ve St Maws a Borough and Market Town in the County of Cornwal in the Hundred of Powder returning two Members to the House of Commons Maxi Loryma or Laryma a City of Caria in the Lesser Asia over against the Isle of Rhodes which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Rhodes from whence it stands twenty Miles to the North. Mayence See Mentz Mayenne Meduana a fine City in the Province of Maine upon the River Mayne six Leagues from the Borders of Normandy towards Anjou twenty Miles from Angiers to the North the same distance from Dol in Bretagne to the East and from Rennes to the North-East This City is honoured with the Title of a Dukedom Mayn Meyn Moenus a River of Germany which ariseth from a double Spring in Mount Fichtelburg called Meiss-Mayn White Mayne and Rot-Mayn Red Mayn which two uniting in one Stream at Culembach and flowing Westward near Bamberg it receives the Rednitz Wareres Swinefurt Wurtsburg and Vertheim then cutting Franconia into two parts it passeth by Asburg and Franckfort augmented with the Saal Tauber and some smaller Rivers into the Rhine near but above Mentz Gustavus Adolphus laid a Bridge of Boats over this River which has not been-since continued See Mentz La Mayne Mayenne or Majene Meduana a River of France which ariseth in the Territory of Seez in the Borders of Normandy and flowing South through Maine watereth the City of Mayenne La Val the Castle of Gontier where it entereth Anjou and a little above Angiers being augmented with the Sartre and the Loir it falls into the great Loire above Nants twelve Leagues to the East Mayo Maii Insula an Island on the Coast of Africa in the Atlantick Ocean one of those that belongs to Cape Verde and famous for its Salt Works It is under the Portuguese Long. 366. 4. Lat. 50. 00. North. Mayo
lowest to the South is called the Mountain of Scandal that to the North Mons Viri Galilaei the other in the midst is the highest And upon each of these Hills in the times of the ancient Moabites and Ammonites stood a Tabernacle of the Idols Ashtaroth Chamosh and Melchen which were adored by Solomon's Concubines Hither our Saviour retired to pray the Night preceding his Passion as before often and from hence he ascended into Heaven leaving the Print of his Foot upon a Rock which is shown to Pilgrims to this day Helena the Mother of Constantine built a Noble Church here whose Ruins are extant together with others of the Temple of Moloc the Village Shiloah the Garden of Gethsemani and the Sepulchres of the Prophets Haggai and Zechariah severally scattered up and down the Mountain The Turks have now two or three small Mosques upon it It is of a fruitful Mould yielding Corn and plenty of Olives according to its Name Oliveto a Principality towards the middle of the Basilicata in the Kingdom of Naples Olmitz Olmutz Olomutium a small but neat strong populous City once the Capital of Moravia a Province in Bohemia and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Prague Taken by the Swedes in 1642. and defended by them against the Emperor till the Peace of Munster it stands seven German Miles from Bryn to the South-East twenty from Vienna to the North and twenty six from Cracovia to the West in a fruitful Soil The Poles call it Olomoniec the Germans Ulmitz Olt Aluta a River of Transylvania called by the Germans Alt flowing Southward through Transylvania and watering Cronstad Mergenburg Fogaras it leaves Hermanstat to the West and crossing the Mountains of Eysenthorn and the Western Part of Moldavia falls into the Danube above Nigeboli Olympia an ancient City of Elis now the Province of Belvedore in the Morea where Jupiter thence sirnamed Olympius had a magnificent Temple dedicated to him which the Oracles therein delivered and the Olympick Games every five years celebrated in his Honour rendered immensely rich Famous moreover for a Statue and Throne of Jupiter made by Phidias of Gold Ivory and Precious Stones with that Art and Grandeur as to be accounted amongst the VVonders of the Old VVorld Pausanias delivers a particular Description thereof Strabo remarks a Fault in the Proportion The Emperor Caligula would have taken it away but was diverted from his Enterprize by strange Prodigies according to the Histories of Dion Suetonius and Josephus In the same Temple amongst many other Altars there was one dedicated to the Vnknown Gods which gave the occasion to the like Inscription at Athens Olympus a high Mountain of Thessalia betwixt the Mountains Pelion and Ossa well known in the Writings of all Greek and Latin Poets It is now called Lacha Om Lar a River of Arabia Foelix which falls into the Gulph of Persia Ombla Arjona a River of Dalmatia which falls into a Harbour of the same Name two French Leagues from Raguza to the North. This seems to be the Port belonging to Raguza Ombria or l'Vmbra Vmbria was in ancient Times a considerable part of Italy Bounded on the North by the Adriatick Sea on the South by the River Nera Nar on the West by the Tiber and on the East by Picenum the Apennine dividing it This in ancient Inscriptions and Authors epitheted according to its several Provinces Vmbria Thuscia Vmbria Sabina Vmbria Crustomina Vmbria Fidenata Senonia c. contained the Dukedom of Vrbino a part of the Marchia Anconitana and of Romandiola the Dukedom of Spoleto and the greatest part of what is now from the ancient name called Ombria which is bounded on the North with the Dukedom of Vrbino and the Marchia Anconitana on the West with the Dukedom of Florence on the South with S. Peters Patrimony and on the East with Abruzzo all under the Pope except S. Sepulcro which belongs to the Duke of Florence the Capital City of Ombria is Perugia Ombrone Vmbro a River of Italy which ariseth ten Miles from Siena to the East and flowing Southward by Buonconvento takes in Mersa and Orcia and five Miles beneath Grosseto falls into the Tyrrhenian Sea seven from Talamont to the North West There is a Castle called by the same name at its fall into the Sea Omland a part of the Province of Groeningerlandt in the Vnited Netherlands well Peopled with Villages and excellent in Pasturage It did belong heretofore to Friseland Omme See Trero Onega a vast Lake in Moscovy between the White Sea to the North Ladoga another great Lake to the West Kargapolia to the East and Megrina to the South It parts the Dominions of the Swedes from the Moscovites to the North and South and transmits its Waters by the River Suri into Ladoga The Natives call it Onega Ozero It is computed to be fifty Leagues in length eighteen in breadth and one hundred and twenty in circumference Onar a City on the Promontory of Malabar in the East-Indies eighteen Spanish Leagues from Goa to the South which has a strong Castle a large Haven heretofore in the hands of the Portuguese but now subject to the King of Canara with the Kingdom depending on it called by the same name Oneglia or Oneille a Valley upon the Borders of the States of Genoua in Italy under the Duke of Savoy It hath the honour to be a Marquisate and is extremely commended for its Vines Olives and Fruits Onspach or Anspach Onoldum Onspachium Anspachium a Town and Castle in Franconia upon a River of the same name in Franconia six German Miles from Norimburg to the East and ten from Bamberg This is the Capital of a Marquisate belonging to a Prince of the Family of Brandenburg between the Bishopricks of Bamberg and VVurtsburg to the North and that of Eichstad to the South Ophiophagi an ancient People of Aethiopia whom the Classicks characterize under this name because of their Eating of Serpents Oppelen Oppolia a City of Bohemia in Silesia upon the River Oder the Capital of a Dukedom It has an ancient Castle which together with the Dukedom was mortgaged to J. Casimir King of Poland The City is well fortified yet taken by the Swedes and kept till the Peace of Munster It stands seven German Miles from Ratisbon to the North nine from VVratislaw and six from the Borders of Poland The Land of Ophir When Christopher Columbus first discovered the Island of Hispaniola in America in 1492. he was confident he had found the Ophir of K. Solomon to see the vast Mines of Gold there Peru and Mexico have had the same judgment passed upon them as in Africa the Kingdoms of Angola Melinde and Sofala together with Carthage and in Asia Arabia the Islands of Ormus Zeylan Java Sumatra the Kingdoms of Pegu Siam Bengala and Malaca But the American Voyages of all sound the most improbable because of the immense distance of that Country from Palestine and the want of the
subordination to it but now much diminished having been often ruinated by the Kings of Arracam Tungking and Siam Nevertheless a fertile Country much visited by the Merchants of Europe In the Year 1568. the King of Pegu knowing the King of Siam to have two white Elephants desired by his Embassadors to purchase one of them at any price required but was refused He therefore entereth in revenge into Siam with a powerful Army and takes the Capital City so that the King of Siam fearing to fall into the hands of his Enemy poysoned himself from which time the Kings of Siam have acknowledged the Soveraignty of the Kings of Pegu. This Kingdom belongs now to the King of Ava The frontiers both of Siam and it suffer the greatest misery by the continual Wars betwixt the two Crowns it lies between the Kingdom of Tungking to the East and that of Arracam to the West Pein Peina a Town in Lunenburg famous for a Fight between Albert Duke of Brandenburg and Mauricius Duke of Saxony July 9. 1553. Maurice got the Victory but died within two days of the Wounds he received Albert being driven out of Germany died in 1557. in France in the XXXV year of his Age having lived much longer than was consistent with his Inconstancy and Perfidy saith Brietius This Town is seated upon the Weser Peiseda reca Peisida a River in the Asian Tartary East of the River Ob whose Fountains are not known as arising in desolate and unfrequented Countries it falls into the Frozen Sea above Nova Zembla Peking Pechinum the principal Province in the Kingdom of China Bounded on the East by Leaotum and Xantum on the North by Tartary and the great Wall on the West by Xansi and on the South by Honan The principal City is Peking Pechinum A vast and populous City which in 1404. became the Royal City of China instead of Nanquin The Inhabitants are innumerable though it has been often taken and plundered in the late Tartarian War It is now recovering those losses and ruins under the King of Tartary who is become the Master of it The Province of Peking contains eight Capital Cities one hundred and thirty five lesser Cities four hundred and eighteen thousand nine hundred eighty nine Families Petlecas Aliacmon Haliacmon a River in Macedonia which falls into the Bay of Thessalonica over against Thessalonia to the South-West thirty three English Miles Called Platamona Bistrisa and Aliagmo from Aliagmon the name it bears in Claudian Pelion See Petras Pella an ancient City of Palaestine in Asia sometime dignified with a Bishops See under the Patriarchs of Jerusalem who for many years kept their Residence here § A second in the Kingdom of Macedonia made famous by the Births of Philip King of Macedon and Alexander the Great his Son thence surnamed Pellaeus Some call it now Janizza others Zuchria It being hitherto extant and noted for excellent Works in Marble § The Ancients mention a third in Achaia Peloponnesus the ancient name of the Morea then divided into these eight parts Achaia properly so called Arcadia Argos Corinthus Elis Laconia Messene and Sicyonia See Morea The famous Peloponnesian War which lasted from the Year of Rome 323 in the 87th Olympiad to the taking of Athens in the Year 350 rather chose to be named from the People of this Country who maintain'd it against the Athenians than from the Athenians their Enemies Pelorus Pelorias or Pelorum the same with Capo di Faro Pelusium See Belvais Pelysz Pelysia a Town in the Lower Hungary which is the Capital of a County of the same Name It lies fifteen Miles from Vaccia to the South-West twenty six from Alba Regalis and twenty from Buda to the North-East Pembridge a Market Town in Herefordshire in the Hundred of Stretford upon the River Arrow Penbrokeshire Penbrochium one of the Shires in Wales Bounded on the North by Cardigan separated by the Rivers Tyuy and Keach on the East by Caermarthenshire on the South and West by the Irish Sea From North to South it is twenty six Miles from East to West twenty in Circuit ninety five This County affords Corn and Cattle in great plenty and has a mild and pleasant Air. Penbroke the Town which gives Name to this Shire is one direct Street upon a long narrow Point of a Rock in Milford Haven the Sea every Tide flowing up to the Town-Walls It has a Castle though now ruined and two Parish Churches within the Walls and is a Corporation represented in Parliament by one Burgess The first Earl of Pembroke was Gilbert de Clare Created in 1138. In 1201. it came into the Family of Martial by Marriage this Family enjoyed it six Descents and by Females it continued till the Year 1390. After which it became very unsteady till Edward VI. in 1551. Created William Herbert Lord Steward Earl of Pembroke whose Posterity still enjoy that Honour in the seventh Descent Pendennis a strong Castle in Cornwal Pene Suevus one of the Branches of the Oder in Pomerania Peneus a River in the Province of Thessalia in Macedonia which greatned with the Rivers Ion Pattisus and Apidanus passes betwixt the Mountains Ossa and Olympus to surrender it self into the Bay of Thessalonica having first watered the pleasant Fields of Tempe It is now called Salampria The Fiction of the Metamorphosis of Daphne into a Laurel in this River gives it a place in the Writings of the Poets Pengeab the same with Lahor a City in the East-Indies Pengick Penica a City in Misnia upon the River Muldaw between Altemburg to the West and Chemnitz to the East seven German Miles and the same distance from Leipsick to the South Peniel or Penuel an antient City of the Holy Land in the Tribe of Reuben beyond the Brook of Jabbov at the foot of Mount Libanus near Tripoli and upon the Frontiers of the Amorites So called from Jacob's Vision of an Angel wrestling with him according to his own Interpretation thereof that he had seen God face to face Gen. 32. 30. Gideon broke down the Tower and slew the Men of this City because they refused to give his Army Bread Judg. 8. 8. 17. But Jeroboam rebuilt it Penk a River in Staffordshire near to which stands Penkridge a Market Town in the Hundred of Cudleston of good Antiquity Penna or Civita di Penna Penna S. Joannis Pinna in Vestinis a City in Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishop's See over which there is no Archbishop who has any Jurisdiction This is very frequent in Italy In 1585. a Synod was assembled here Penna-Fiel Penna fidelis a Town in Old Castile in Spain near the Duero six Leagues from Valadolid It had the honor to give the Title of Duke to Ferdinand the Just King of Arragon from the year 1395. to 1412 before his Ascension to the Crown which Title afterwards was enjoyed by his Son John who succeeding to the Crown also in 1458. changed this Dutchy into a
the Bishop of Elna settled his See here It stands not above three Miles from the Mediterranean Sea and ten from Narbon to the South Peter King of Arragon opened here an University The Antipope Peter de la Luna called Benedict XII celebrated a Council at this City in 1408. Persepolis a noble City of the antient Kingdom of Persia built upon the River Rhogomane as Ptolomy calls it in 91. deg of Long. or the Araxes as Strabo and Curtius It had been the Capital of the Kingdom adorned with a Palace of Cedar till taken by Alexander the Great and at the Perswasion of Thais the Alexandrian Courtesan burnt in the year of the World 3624. Persia Persis one of the most Ancient Great and Celebrated Kingdoms of Asia called by the Inhabitants Farsistan and otherwise the Empire of the Sophy At this day it is bounded on the North by the Caspian Sea and Mauralnahalria or Trans-Oxiana on the East by India Propria or the Empire of the Great Mogul on the South by the Indian Ocean and the Persian Gulph on the West by Arabia Deserta the Turkish Empire and Georgia so that it extends from the River Indus in the East to the Tygris in the West that is from 82. degrees of Longitude to 120 which is thirty eight degrees and from 23 to 43 degrees of Latitude The Earth in so vast an extent being very different but the Air pure and healthful throughout This vast Kingdom is divided into these Provinces Fars or Persia properly so called Kirman Makeran Send Chustusan Sitsistan Sablistan Dilemon Khoemus Tabarestan Gordian Chorasan Erack-Atzem or Jerack Agemy Kylan or Gilan Candahar Schirvan and Aderbeitzan The Cities are Ardevil Caspin Cassian Com Erivan Herat Hispaham Lar Mexat Schiras Sitsistan Schamachie Sauster and Tauris It did anciently comprehend the Countries of Media Hyrcania Margiana Assyria in part Susiana Parthia Aria Paropanisus Chaldaea Caramania Drangiana Persia properly so called Arachosia and Gedrosia which were most of them powerful Kingdoms This People were at first subject to the Assyrians and Medes In the year of the World 3406. Cyrus vanquishing Astyages King of the Medes made Persia the Seat of the General Empire which continued in this Nation till it was transferred to the Grecians by Alexander the Great in the year 3635. In the year of the World 3718. Arsaces the Founder of the Parthian Family assumed the Royal Diadem which in time expelled the Greeks and obtained the Kingdom of Persia This Family continued four hundred and seventy years succeeded by Artaxerxes a Persian whose Line after twenty eight Descents ended in Hormisda vanquished by Haumar the Saracen in the year 634. It continued under the Saracen Caliphs till the year 1030. when Tangrolipix a Turk invaded this Kingdom This lasted but three Reigns Cassanes the last of them in 1202. being slain and Haalon made King of Persia by Occata the Great Cham of Tartary This Prince exterminated the whole Race of the Caliphs of Bagdat and his Posterity reigned till 1337. When it also fell under the Tartarian fury to which it owed its Rise In 1405. after almost an hundred years of Confusion Mirza Charock IV. Son of Tamerlane ascended the Throne of Persia whose Family lasted till the year 1472. Then Vsan Cassanes began another Line which ended in 1505. when Hysmael the Founder of the present Line of Persia began his Reign Solyman the present King of Persia is the Tenth of this Line and succeeded in 1666. The principal Commodity of this Country now is Silks whereof it is reported to produce yearly twenty thousand Bales at two hundred and sixteen pound weight a Bale Arabick is the Learned Language there as Persian which hath a great mixture of Arabick and the Turkish the Vulgar But the Persians though Mahometans differ as to Religion from the Turks so professedly in explaining the Alcoran and in their Saints and Ceremonies that each as they conquer destroy the very Churches of one another The Persian Sea or Gulph Persicus Sinus commonly called Mar de Elcatiff or de Bassora is a Branch of the Indian or Ethiopick Ocean beginning at Cape Raz the most Eastern Cape of Arabia in Long. 96. 45. and running into the Land to 81. having Persia to the North and East and Arabia and Persia to the South and West In the most North-West Point the Euphrates and Tigris fall into it with a vast Current It receives also the Rivers of Arabia and Persia which lie near it but they are not of any consideration being neither many nor great Some others have counted the beginning of this Gulph at the Isle of Ormus and the Streight of Bassora which will make it much shorter than the length I have given it Pertois Pertensis Ager a Tract in Champagne in France between Champagne properly so called to the West the Dukedom de Bar to the East and the River Marne Perthe Perthia a County in Scotland which has Angus to the North Stratherne to the West Fife to the South and the German Ocean to the East divided into two parts by the Fyrth of Tay. It is a small County and takes it name from Perth or S. John's-Town the Capital of it One of the principal Cities in the North of Scotland upon the Tay in which the Kings of Scotland have commonly been crowned It lies thirty Miles from Edinburg to the North and twelve from Dunkeld This Town was totally ruined by an Inundation in 1029. and rebuilt by William King of Scotland where it now stands Long. 16. 8. Lat. 58. 00. Peru Peruvia Perua a large Country in South America affording great plenty of Gold and Silver Mines and at the Discovery of the New World the most Potent Kingdom in South America It s length from North to South is six hundred Spanish Leagues its breadth in some places ninety in others less Bounded on the North by the Prefecture of Popian on the South by the Kingdom of Chili on the West by the Pacifick Ocean or South Sea and on the South it has undiscovered Countries It is at this day divided into three Provinces los Reyes Quito and los Characas or de la Plata The old Capital was Cusko the present is Lima. This Kingdom was discovered by the Spaniards in 1529. under Francis Pizarro a Spaniard Who finding two Brothers of the Royal Family Huascar and Atabalipa betwixt whom their Father had parted the Kingdom in disagreement made use of their divisions to both their ruins and taking Atabalipa the last King of Peru Prisoner who before had surprized his Brother defeated his Forces put to death all the Princes of the Royal Family and caused Huascar to be drowned in the River of Andamarca after he had extorted a vast Ransom in Wedges of Gold the perfidious base born Villain hanged him May 1533. contrary to his faith given What the Spaniards report of the Fertility Wealth and Government of this Kingdom is scarce credible yet all fell into the Power of
who perished in one of them The Air of them is very mild and temperate the Soil is very fruitful and produceth whatever is needful to the Life of Man The Names of the principal of them are Mindano Peragoja Calamianes Mindora Tandaja Cebu in which Magellanes was slain Pintados Parraja Masbat Sabunra Matan Luban Capul Abilyo Banton Bâ—hol la Verde dos Negous and San Juan Philippo See Filippopoli Philippstadt Philippopolis a City in Sweden in Vermelandia a County of Gothland built in the Fens Twenty five Miles from the Lake of Wener and the same distance from Carlstad to the South-East Philippopolis an ancient City of Phaenicia in Syria mentioned in the Ecclesiastical Histories of Socrates and Sozomen upon the occasion of a Statue erected there in the Primitive Times of our Saviour Jesus Christ together with the Statue of the Woman he cured of an inveterate Bloody Flux by the touch of his Garment placed at his Foot The same Historians relating that an Herb of an unknown Species of so soveraign a Vertue as to heal all sorts of Diseases sprung up close by them and when the Emperor Julian the Apostate in the year 362. commanded them to be broken down and a Statue of himself to be advanced in their rooms a Fire from Heaven destroyed Julian's Statue Philipsbourg Philippoburgum a strong Fort or Castle upon the Rhine which before was called Vdenheim First walled in 1343. by Gebhard Bishop of Spire And afterwards took its present name from Philip Christopher de Soeteren Bishop of Spire who in 1615. refortified it for the defence of that Bishoprick George Count Palatine of the Rhine a former Bishop of Spire had built in this place in 1513 a noble Castle or rather Palace which was much improved in 1570 by Marquardus ab Hatstein another Bishop Being thus improved and made very considerable it was reduced by the Swedes in 1634. by Hunger Surprized by the Spaniards by a Stratagem in 1635. Taken by force by the French in 1644. The French bestowed very much during the time they were possessed of it in adding to the Fortifications but in the year 1676. the Duke of Lorrain retook it though the French came up with a great Army to relieve it By the Treaty of Nimeguen in the year 1679 it was consigned to the Bishop of Spire The French began the present War with the Siege of it and obliged it to surrender November 1. 1688. This Town stands three German Miles from Heydelberg to the South one from Spire to the North and three from Durlach Philips-Norton a Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Wello near the River Froume The Philistines a part of the most antient Inhabitants of the Land of Canaan disposed along the Sea Coast towards the Borders of the Kingdom of Egypt whose frequent Wars with and Victories over the Israelites their taking and remitting of the Ark and all their valiant Actions at various times conquering and conquered with Sampson David Saul Ely c. are recorded in the History of the Old Testament Phocaea See Fogie Phocis an ancient City and Country of Greece betwixt Baeotia and Aetolia Honoured heretofore with the Cities Delphos Anticyra Cirrha the Mountain Parnassus and the River Helicon situated in this Country In the Year of Rome 399. and the hundred and sixth Olymp. the Phocenses pillaging the Temple of Apollo at Delphos and defeating the Locrenses their Neighbours in a Battel under Philomelus drew upon themselves the Vengeance of Greece to such a measure that a Holy War to punish their Sacrilege was presently commenced against them which tho the Athenians and Lacedaemonians became their Allies ended with the total rasure of the City Phocis in the Year of Rome 408. Olymp. 108. Phortskeim See Pfortsheim â—hrygia a Country of the Lesser Asia divided in ancient times into Phrygia Magna or Major and Phrygia Minor Phrygia Major lay betwixt Bithynia Galatia Pamphylia Lydia and Mysia It s principal Cities were Synnada and Hierapolis Sometime called Pacatiana Now as it is under the Turks Germian The other was famous for the Rivers Xanthus and Simois and the City Troy standing in it the ancient Troas being in this Phrygia contained by the general accounts This Phrygia had the name also of Hellespontiaca from its situation upon the Aegean Sea towards the Hellespont Piacenza Placentia a City of Lombardy of great Antiquity called by the French Plaisance It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bologna and the Capital of a Dukedom of the same name which ever since 1557. has been in the Hands of the Dukes of Parma It is a neat populous City said to have twenty five thousand Citizens within its Walls and to be five Miles in Circuit full of fine Buildings and blessed with an ingenuous Race of Men fit either for Arts or War One Mile from the Po forty from Milan to the East and thirty five from Parma to the North-East in a pleasant place surrounded with fruitful fields Meadows and Pastures having many Channels cut for the watering their Ground and the bringing in Merchandizes It has several Salt-Springs Mines of Iron plenty of Wine Oil Corn and Fruits of all sorts the best Cheese in the whole World is made here in great quantity Nor does it want Woods and Forests for Hunting so that all things considered it is one of the pleasantest situated Cities in the World and thought to have taken its name from thence It was one of the first Colonies the Romans setled in Gallia Cisalpina against the Gauls They fortified it so well that though the Insubres and Boii out of discontent Revolted and joined with Hannibal who made the Siege of this place one of his first Attempts yet he was not able to take it Nor had Asdrubal who followed him any better success so that Livy informs us this was one of the twelve Colonies which in the second Punick War saved Rome In the Year of Rome 553. Amilcar a third Punick General took this City with the help of the Gauls and in a great degree ruined it by Fire and Sword Caelius a Thuscan General not being able to defend it against the Siege of Cinna and Marius rather than he would be taken desired his friend Petronius to give him his sword in his heart who did so and afterwards executed the same to himself Spurina a Commander under Vitellius defended this City with great Gallantry against Cecina one of Otho's Generals who yet at last took and burnt it Anno Christi 69. In 269. M. Aurelianus received a great overthrow from the Marcomanni near it In 542. Totilas King of the Goths took it by a Siege which reduced them to the necessity of eating Mans Flesh About 1335. it fell first into the Hands of the Viscounts of Milan About 1447. they called in the Venetians and endeavoured to shake off the Dominion of the Milanese which had like to have ended in their Ruin the City being taken and sacked and a most cruel
worthy of remembrance for its withstanding the repeated furious Assaults of the Turks in the Siege in 1480. Long. 58. 00. Lat. 37. 50. Rhodope See Rulla Rhoetia This ancient Country which some denominate the Western Illyricum was of that extent as to comprehend a part of what we now call the Circles of Schwaben Bavaria and Austria in Germany the Country of the Grisons and something of Switzerland Of which the Grisons who are more properly called the Alpine Rhoetians are the only People at this day retaining the memory of its Name where as one remarks of their Country you have Mountains of Pride and Valleys of Misery See Grisons Rhosne Rodanus one of the most celebrated Rivers in France called by the Germans Der Rogen by the Fronch Rhosne It ariseth from a double Spring in Mount de la Fourch in the Borders of Switzerland two German Miles from the Springs of the Rhein And running Westward through Vallais or Wallisserland it divides that Tract watering Sion or Sitten and Martinach the principal Places in it then entering the Lake of Lemane it divides Savoy from Switzerland five Leagues beneath Geneva saith Baudrand it burieth it self for some time in the Earth as I have often seen Then turning South and dividing Savoy from Bugey at Bellay it becomes great enough to bear a Boat then turning West and dividing Dauphiné from Bugey at la Bresse it entertains the Ain at Lyons it is covered by a Bridge of Stone and improved by the Addition of the Saone a great River here turning South it parts Lyonnis from Dauphiné watereth Vienne and Condrieu divides the Viverais from Dauphiné and salutes Andasse at S. Vallier over against Tournon receives the Isere above Valence beneath it the Erico the Drome and the Ardosche at S. Esprit it is again covered by a noble Stone Bridge so dividing Languedoc from Provence and encreased by the Sorgue it watereth Avignon where there is a third Bridge then receiving in the Durance and the Gardon and watering Beaucaire at Arles it divides into two Branches The Western Branch divides into two more at last it falls into the Mediterrantan Sea by five Mouths each of which has its proper Name to wit Gras du Midi Gras de Paulet Gras d' Enfer Grand Gras and Gras de Passon Some adding thereto Gras Neuf Which Word Gras is understood to be taken from Antoninus's Gradus where he speaks of the Entrance of the Rhosne into the Ocean But there is no Town built upon any of them of any note beneath Arles which stands about eight Miles into the Land This is a rapid River Rian Abravanus a Lake and River in the South-West of Galloway in Scotland of which Cambden saith that they are exceeding full of Herrings and Stone-Fishes Richelieu Richelaeum a City in the Province of Poictou built by the Cardinal of that Name who was born here in 1585 and for some time under Lewis XIII of France governed that Kingdom as he pleased Amongst other of his Actions he built or rebuilt at least this place to perpetuate the Memory of his Name and Family and procured it to be honoured with the Title of a Dukedom It stands four Miles from London to the East five from Mirebeau and one from Tours to the North-West Now in a flourishing State Richensée Verbigenus a Lake in the Canton of Argow in Switzerland Richmond a Town and County in Yorkshire lying on the North West of that County towards Lancashire which bounds it on the West It is a mountainous and desolate Place yet produceth Grass in reasonable quantity This County took its Name from Richmond a Town built by Alane Earl of Bretagne in France the first Earl of this County after the Conquest Nephew to William the Conqueror upon the River Swale over which it hath a Stone Bridge thirty two Miles from York to the North-West and twenty from the Sea to the South-West The Town is indifferently well frequented and populous It was anciently walled and fortified with a Castle by the said Alane for the greater security of these Parts against the English the Gates are still standing but in the midst of the Town its Situation being shifted Before it was thus rebuilt it was called Gilling Oswy King of Northumberland was basely murthered here in 659 ever after reputed a Martyr It is now a Corporation represented by two Burgesses in the House of Commons and containing two Parish Churches in the Hundred of Gillingwest Long. 18. 15. Lat. 55. 17. This Earldom continued in that Family till 1171 when it came to Geofrey Plantagenet the fourth Son of K. Henry II. by the Marriage of Constance Daughter of Conan Duke of Bretagne In 1230. Peter de Dreux was Earl of Richmond one of whose Descendents John de Montford was created Duke of Richmond in 1330 the sixteenth Earl and first Duke to whom in 1342. succeeded John of Gaunt afterwards Duke of Lancaster The twenty second Earl of Richmond was Henry VII King of England The twenty third was Henry Fitz-Roy a Natural Son of Henry VIII The twenty fourth was Lewis Duke of Lenox created Earl of Richmond by King James I. in 1613 and Duke of the same in 1623. Which Family ended in Charles the fourth of that Line who died without Issue Ambassador in Denmark in 1672. In 1675 Charles Lenox was created Duke of Richmond by Charles the Second his Natural Father by the Dutchess of Portsmouth Richmont a Place in Saintonge in France Richmond a Town in Surrey upon the Thames between Kingston and London heretofore called Shene but by Henry VII named Richmond There is an ancient Palace or Royal House in it belonging to the Kings of England in which Edward III. died in 1377. Henry the Seventh rebuilt this Pile twice it being burnt in his Reign and afterwards he died here April 22. 1409. Also Queen Elizabeth of blessed Memory left this World in this place March 24. 1602. And before her Ann Daughter to the Emperor Charles V. and Wife to King Richard II esteemed a very beautiful Lady The Civil Wars in the Reign of King Charles I. left some of its effects upon this Palace This Town stands pleasantly and healthfully upon an easie Ascent fair large well built and well inhabited in the Hundred of Kingston Rickmansworth a Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Cashio near the River Coln Ries or Riez Rejus Rejensis Civitas Albecum Rejorum Apollinarium Colonia Rejorum Civitas Regiensium Rogium a City in Provence in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Aix from which it stands twelve Miles to the North-East and six from Davignan to the North-West eight from Sisteron to the South little but populous built on a Hill by the River Auvestre which falls into the Verdon S. Hilary Bishop of Arles presided at a Council here in 439 in which Armentarius Bishop of Ambrun ordained by two Bishops only without the Authority of the Metropolitan was therefore
one Channel near the City Teneriffa in the Province of S. Martha falling afterwards into the North Sea § Also a Government in Brasil Rioga Rivogia a Province in Spain which was a part of Navarre but now annexed to Old Castile it is divided from Alava by the Douro and lies between Old Castile and Navarre The principal Towns of which are Calzada Legrono Najara and Belorado Riom Riomum Ricomagum a City in the Lower Auvergne in France two Leagues from Clermont to the North in a flourishing State The Capital of Auvergne adorned with a College of Oratorians of the Foundation of Lewis XIV an antient Abbey built in the beginning of the seventh Century two Hospitals and divers Churches and religious Communities Genebrard and Sirmondus the learned Jesuit were produced by this Place Ripa de Transona a small but elegant City in the Marquisate of Ancona under the Pope and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Fermo It stands five Miles from the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea the same from the Borders of the Kingdom of Naples and ten from Fermo Pope Pius V. made it a Bishops See in 1571. Ripaille a Town in Savoy upon the Lake of Geneva Ripen Ripa a City in the Kingdom of Denmark in South Jutland which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lunden and has a convenient Harbor upon the German Ocean at the Mouth of the River Nipsick and a Fortress five Miles from Hadersleben to the West and eight from Flensburgh to the South-West This Bishoprick was founded by Balatand King of Denmark in 950. Christopher I. King of Denmark died here in 1259. The City was taken by the Swedes in 1645 but since recovered by the Danes Ripley a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Claro upon the River Nyd Rippon Rhidogunum a Town in Yorkshire in the West Riding in the Hundred of Claro of good Antiquity near the Youre over which it has a Bridge Adorned with a Collegiate Church with three lofty Spires and antiently with a stately Monastery built by Wilfride Archbishop of York till the Danes destroy'd it with the Town Yet Odo Archbishop of Canterbury repaired it again and translated the Reliques of the holy Founder to Canterbury There is a narrow hole in a Vault under ground in the Church called S. Wilfride's Needle It is one of the best Towns in the County well inhabited and of note particularly for making good Spurs Having the Privilege to be a Corporation also represented by two Members in the House of Commons Risano Formio a River of Carniola the upper part of which is called by the Germans Alben the lower by the Italians Risano It springeth out of the Alpes from Mount Ocra in Carniola towards the Lake of Lugea or Czirknitzerzee and flowing Westward through Istria falls by the Bay of Trieste into the Adriatick Sea six Miles from Trieste and two North of Capo di Istria Risano Rhizana a City of Dalmatia mentioned by Ptolemy Pliny and Polybius which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Raguza under the Dominion of the Turks and accordingly much depopulated and ruined It stands forty Miles from Raguza towards Scodra from which thirty Long. 45. 15. Lat. 42. 00. Risborough a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Aylesbury Risenbergh a Mountain in the Eastern parts of Bohemia out of which the Elbe springeth Rivadava or Rivadeo a City of Gallicia in Spain called by the French Rivedieu it stands upon the Bay of Biscay in the Borders of Asturia at the bottom of an Hill and the Mouth of the River Navius which affords it the convenience of a Port fourteen Spanish Leagues from Oviedo to the West and four from Mondonedo Rivera di Genoua Liguria Littorea is a Country in Italy bounded on the West by the Maritime Alpes by which it is divided from France on the East by the River Magra by which it is divided from Hetruria or Tuscany on the North by the Apennine and on the South by the Mediterranean Sea here called the Ligurian Sea In the middle of it stands the City of Genoua which divides it into the Eastern and Western This is now under the States of Genoua by whom a great part of the Western Division is destinated more to pleasure than profit the rich Genoueses having filled it with Country-Houses where they spend the pleasant time of the Summer and Autumn in noble Palaces and delightful Gardens The Eastern Division supplies them with as much Wine as they need and an extraordinary plenty of good Oil. The principal Place in the Western is Aranza once an inconsiderable Village lately a Place of great Trade and Wealth having sixty Sail of Ships trading into all parts of the World but their Shipping is now declining The principal Place in the Eastern is Sarazana a Town of great strength Rivoli Rivolium a small Town in Piedmont called by the French Rivoles It stands upon the River Doria eight Miles from Turin to the West and has one of the most sumptuous Castles in Piedmont Roan Rotomagus the Capital City of Normandy called by the French Rouen by Caesar and the other ancient Historians Vrbs Velocassium It is an Archbishops See and the Seat of the Parliament of Normandy Great rich populous well built in all respects one of the best Cities in France and thought by some to be the greatest next to Paris It stands upon the Seyne which affords it a noble Harbor and a great Trade at the foot of an Hill twelve Miles above Dieppe and twenty eight beneath Paris with a Bridge upon the Seyne for the convenience of a Land Trade It has an old Castle called the Palace in which the Dukes of Normandy kept their Court and is about seven Miles in compass having besides what lies within the Walls six very great Suburbs and containing in the whole thirty five Parishes with thirty four Monasteries for Men and Women The Castle on S. Catharines Hill is now intirely ruined This City is said by Vitalis lib. 5. to be built by Julius Caesar Valesius proves it one of the most ancient Cities of France and that in the times of Theodosius the Great it was esteemed as a City of the highest rank Taken by the Normans in 889 and assigned to Rollo first Duke of Normandy in 912 when Rollo became a Christian It continued under his Posterity fourteen Descents In 1019. it suffered very much by fire Taken from John King of England by Philip the August King of France in 1204 after it had been in the Hands of the Normans three hundred and sixteen years This City continued under the French till 1418 When the English under Henry V. retook it after a bloody Siege Charles VII of France recovered it to that Crown in 1449. In the times of the late Civil Wars of France it was taken and sacked by the Hugonots in 1562 but recovered after the Battel of Dreux and plundered by the Royal Party Anthony of
by the Sacred Writers It was seated upon a Mountain in the Tribe of Ephraim built by Omri King of Israel as is recorded 1 Kings 16. about the year of the World 3112 or as others 3â—19 and becoming from thenceforward the Royal City of that Kingdom it became one of the greatest strongest and most populous as well as most beautiful Cities of the East Benhadad King of Syria besieg'd it first about 3146. with a vast Army and reduced it to great Extremities it was then delivered by a Miracle Salmanazar King of Assyria was the next that attempted it and took it after a Siege of three years in 3314. He carried the Israelites into Captivity and peopled it with a new Colony composed of divers Nations and Religions who were the implacable Enemies of the Jewish Nation especially after the building of a Temple in Samaria after the manner of that of Jerusalem about the times of Nehemiah by one of the Sons of Joida the High Priest who had married a Daughter of Sanballat the Horonite Governour of Samaria under Darius King of Persia for whom his Father-in-law built a Temple on Mount Gerizim Hyrcanius the High Priest of the Jews about the year of the World 3941. took and intirely ruined this City which lay desolate till Herod the Great rebuilt it about 4033. and called it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Honour of Augustus The Temple of Samaria was standing in our Saviour's time as appears in S. John's Gospel after our Saviour's Passion this City received the Christian Faith by the Preaching of Philip the Evangelist about the year of Christ 35. Simon the Father of Heresie was one of these new Converts and the Founder of the Gnosticks About 42. Herod Agrippa obtained this City as an Addition to his Kingdom from Caligula In the first ruin of the Jewish Nation under Vespasian this Nation and City had no great share of the Calamity because I suppose they sided with the Romans in this first Revolution against the Jews But in the second under Adrian the Emperour they acted otherwise and about the year of Christ 135. were together with the Jews extirpated by the Arms of that Prince This City has ever since lain buried in its Ruins though there are some few remainders of the Samaritan Nation to this day in Palestine and Grand Cairo where they keep their Synagogues and their ancient Sacrifices Especially at Sichem now called Naplouse in Palestine the residence of their High Priest who pretends to be of the Race of Aaron But following Laws and Rites different from those of the Pentateuch they have nevertheless the esteem of Hereticks amongst the Jews The Samaritans of Mount Gerizim were mortal enemies to the ancient Christians there till the Emperour Justianian took and burnt their King Julian and curbed them from time to time by very severe Edicts See Gerizim It stood thirty five Miles from Jerusalem to the North. Long. 66. 40. Lat. 31. 30. or as Mr. Fuller saith Long. 69. 10. Lat. 32. 30. Sambales the little Islands near the Peninsula of Jucatan in New Spain in America where good Amber-Greese is fished up with great dexterity by the Indians Sambas Sambasum a City on the North side of the Island of Borneo in the East-Indies which has an Harbour upon the Ocean though it lies thirty Miles from the Shoar up into the Land Sambia a Province of Prussia called by the Poles Szamlandt one of those twelve Counties into which Prussia was divided by Venodotius one of its Princes in 733. § Also a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gâ—â—sna whose Seat was at Coningsperg but now united with the Bishoprick of Ermeland or Warmerland It lies between the Bay of Curland to the North the River Pregel to the South and was a part of the Circle of Natingen now under the Duke of Brandenburg Sambre Sabis Saba a River of the Low-Countries which aâ—iseth in Picardy and soon after entring Hainault divides it watring Landrecy Berlamont and Maubeuge It passeth by Charleroy to Namur the Capital of the Province and there falls into the Maes Samnites an ancient and powerful people of Italy who inhabited the Countries now contained in the Terra di Lavoro the Capitanata the Abruzzo the Dukedom of Benevento c. and made War with the Romans a long time before they could be entirely reduced Samo Samos Parthenia Cyparissa an Island belonging to the Lesser Asia in the Ionian Sea near Ionia as being but five Miles from the nearest Shoar of Ephesus and sixty from Chius now Sio to the South It is about eighty in compass It has a City on the East side which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ephesus so poor that it will scarce find its Bishop Bread yet is this Island so fruitful that almost nothing can be planted which the Earth will not bring to maturity The Wines of it are exceeding pleasant but for want of a Trade and encouragement the Inhabitants plant little more than they use The Inhabitants were so powerful in ancient times that they managed a prosperous War against the Ephesians and afterwards against the Athenians and Milesians about the year of Rome 313. and the eighty fourth Olympiad till Pericles about the year of the World 3510. reduced them Upon his departure they reassumed their Liberty and forced him to besiege their City nine Months before he could take it to invent the Battering Ram and several other Engines for that purpose and even after this they sustained some other Wars Their greatest Glory was Pythagoras the Father of Philosophy Juno was their principal Patroness and Goddess in whose honour there was a famous Temple erected by them This Island once so powerful rich and populous is by the Turks who are Masters of it reduced to that mean and depopulated condition that a few Pyrates dare land and plunder it as they please So that ever since 1676. no Turk durst venture to live upon it lest he should be carried into Captivity by these Rovers as four of them were then by Monsieur Crevellier a famous Privateer Samogithia a Province of the Kingdom of Poland called by the Inhabitants Samodzka-Zembla by the Poles Samudska-Ziemia by the Germans Samaiten by the French Samogitie It is a very large Province bounded on the North by Curland on the East by Lithuania on the South by Prussia Ducalis and on the West by the Baltick Sea its length from East to West is thirty five German Miles but not of equal breadth The principal Towns in it are Midniky or Womie Kowno and Rossienie which last is the Capital of this Province It was anciently divided into twelve Counties now into three and overspread with dark thick Woods Yet it is a Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Gnesna the Bishop having his Residence at Womie and this Province is very often included in Lithuania largely taken the Fortunes of which it has always followed Samoiede or Samoyedes Samoieda a Province in the North-East of Muscovy upon
to the North now also sometimes called Lamia Scalambri or Scaramis Caucana a ruin'd City and Port on the South of Sicily near Cape Passaro the most Eastern Point Scalona Ascalon a City in the Holy Land on the Mediterranean Sea between Azotus to the North and Gaza to the South eighteen Miles It was one of the Regal Cities of the Philistines after this it was a Bishop's See under the Patriarch of Jerusalem now reduced to a poor Village and a few Cottages as Leunclavius saith and the See is united to that of Bethleem Scamandro Scamander a small River in Phrygia in the Lesser Asia mentioned by Homer It falls into the Archipelago near Cape Janisary at the very entrance of the Hellespont North of the New Dardanells The River ariseth out of Mount Ida and has but a short Course Scandalor Pamphylia a Province in the Lesser Asia Scanderone Alexandria a City of Syria call'd by the Italians Alexandretta heretofore a Bishop's See and a celebrated Sea-Port at the Mouth of the River Belum now Soldrat upon the Bay of Laiazzo Issicum fifty Miles from Aleppo to the West twenty five from the Consines of Cilicia to the East The beginning of it is owing to a Castle built by Alexander the Great for a retreat whilst he besieged Tyre at the distance of four or five Miles from Tyre upon the same Coast to the South A Castle which Alexander called by his own name but time and corruption first changed it to Scandalion and now to Scanderoon Pompey destroy'd it in his Conquest of Phoenicia And in 1116. Baldwin I. King of Jerusalem whilest be besieg'd Tyre as Alexander had done before rebuilt it from which time it became a strong place an honourable Government and a safe retreat to the Christians during their possessions in the Holy Land Now saith Baudrand there is scarce any mention of it remaining except a few Cottages for the use of the Merchants and a Stone-House for the Captain of the Janisaries who collects the Grand Seigniors Customs But I have been informed by some Masters of Ships that have been there that this Place of late years is much improved by the Trade the English and Dutch drive in it Long. 68. 00. Lat. 38. 10. Scandinavia a vast Peninsula in the North of Europe containing the Kingdoms of Sweden Norway and Lapland Scandia or South Gothland by some Geographers is represented as the Southern part of it and Lapland the most Northern Scania See Schonen Scarborough a strong Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire and the Hundred of Pickering not very large but well built and inhabited standing to the Sea with a convenient Port for Trade upon a craggy steep and almost inaccessible Rock which the Sea washes on all sides but the West where the passage is narrow yet hath a strong Wall to secure it This Rock upon the top of it presents us with a fair Plain of sixty Acres of ground a Castle Royal garrisoned and a Spring of fresh Water Formerly a high stately Tower stood upon it which served as a Landmark to Ships at Sea but this in the last Civil Wars was demolished Scarborough besides is made a noted place by its Spaw and the Herring Fishery upon its Coasts Between which and Whitby to the North lies the Bay of Robin Hood the famous Robber in the Reign of K. Rich. 1. It hath the honour to be a Corporation also represented by two Burgesses in the House of Commons Scardo Scardona a City ascribed by Ptolemy to Liburnia now in Dalmatia and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Spalato ever since 1120 called by the Sclavonians Scardin It is now but small lies upon the Adriatick Sea near the Lake of Prochlian at the Mouth of the River Titius and has a small Castle on an Hill in the Hands of the Turks This Place was taken by the Venetians and ruined in the year 1570. After this the Turks repossessed it and were re-expelled by the Venetians in 1647. In 1683. the Morlaques of Croatia drove the Turks away from it and garrisoned it Baudrand placeth it thirty five Miles from Zana to the East and nine from Sibenico to the North and saith the Venetians bought it of the Wayvode of Bosnia in the year 1411. for five thousand Duckats of Gold Scardonia an Island of Dalmatia mentioned in the Writings of the ancients but now unknown Scaren Scara a small City of Westrogethia a Province of Sweden which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal and heretofore the Seat of the Kings of Gothland but now in a declining Condition it stands ten Miles from the Lake of Venner to the South and twenty from Falcop to the North. Scarlino Scapris vel Scabris a Town in Italy in the Territory of Siena and Principality of Piombino ten Miles from Massa to the South Before which was slain the famous Strozzi Prior of Capoua in the French Quarrel Scarpanto Carpathus an Island near Rhodes betwixt that and Candia in the Archipelago towards the Coast of the Lesser Asia belonging to the Turks It had heretofore four considerable Cities which are now reduced to one of the same name with it self but half ruined The former Knights of Rhodes or Malta as they are now called fortified it so as to reap great advantages by it both over the Sultans of Egypt and the Turks its situation rendring it considerable in relation to Egypt and Syria The present Inhabitants generally follow the Greek rites The Mountains have been thought to contain Mines of Gold and Silver but none have hitherto undertook to open them The Soil yields plenty of Wine and Fruits and here are delicate Patridges Scarpe Scarpa a River in Artoise it ariseth three Leagues above Arras and watering it and Douay and dividing Hainault from Flanders falls into the Schelde near Mortagne a great Town in Flanders six Leagues above Tournay to the South-West Scarsdale a Dale or Valley in Derbyshire encompassed with Rocks and Mountains according to the sense of the word Scaâ—re in the Saxon Language signifying a Craggy Rock It contains one of the parts into which the County is divided Chesterfield stands in it And K. Charles I. did it the honour to make an Earldom of it in the Person of Francis Leak Lord Deyncourt of Sutton created Earl of Scarsdale in 1645. which Title descended to his Son Nicholas and now is enjoyed by his Grandson the R. H. Robert Leake Scatono a small Town in the Province of Toscana in Italy near a Lake Noted upon the account of certain stones found thereabouts which do not Calcine by fire Scenitae see the Bedovins of Arabia Schaffhausen Probatopolis Scaphusia Schafusia a City of Switzerland called by the French Schafhouse the Capital of one of the Cantons It stands upon the Rhine four Miles beneath Constance to the West two beneath the Lake of Zell or das Zeller see as the Germans call it six from Basil and four from Zurich to the North. This is
South called Swold's Bay made by the shooting forth chiefly of Easton Ness the most Eastern Point of England The Cliff hath several Pieces of Ordinance planted upon it Sowe the River upon which Stafford is situated Sowtham a Market Town in Warwickshire in the Hundred of Knightlow Spa a small Town in the Bishoprick of Liege in the Low Countries famed for its Medicinal Mineral Waters Spahan See Hispaam Spain Hispania is one of the most considerable Kingdoms in Europe called heretofore Hesperia and Iberia It is separated from France towards the North-East by the Pyrenean Hills on all other sides surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea the Streights of Gibraltar and the Atlantick Ocean so that it lies in the form of a vast Peninsula joined to France by a Neck of eighty Spanish Leagues over Called by the Natives La Espanna by the French L'Espagne by the Italians La Spagna by the English Spain by the Poles Hispanska by the Germans Spanien and by the Dutch Spangien It s greatest length from East to West is one hundred and ninety German Miles or five hundred Italian It s circuit two thousand four hundred and eighty Italian Miles taking in the Creeks and Windings of the Seas and Mountains it is two thousand eight hundred and sixteen Miles the least of which Computations is four hundred and sixty Miles greater than France was forty years agone The ancient Geographers with one consent affirm That it abounded with whatsoever the Ambition or Needs of Men required full of Men and Horses all over replenished with Mines of Gold Silver Brass Iron and Lead white and black had Corn Wine and Oyl in abundance in short so extremely fruitful that if any place for want of Water was less useful yet even there Hemp and Flax thrived very well It was in those days the West-Indies of the World and like them the Store-House of the ancient Treasures The Ancients divided it into three great parts called by them Tarraconensis Baetica and Lusitania First Hispania Tarraconensis was the greatest of the three and the most Eastern On the East bounded by the Pyrenean Hills on the North by the Bay of Biscay on the West by the Atlantick Ocean and Lusitania on the South by the Mediterranean Sea and Baetica Secondly Hispania Baetica was the most Southern part bounded on the East and South by the former in part and by the Ocean on the West and North by the same Ocean and Lusitania Thirdly Hispania Lusitanica was the most Western part extended upon the Ocean between Hispania Tarraconensis and Hispania Baetica The very ancient History of this Country is either fabulous or lost The Phoenicians may justly be supposed to have been the first Civilizers of it and the Founders of the most ancient Cities as Diodorus Siculus and Strabo affirm After these who settled mostly in Baetica the Grecians followed who from Marseille sent many Colonies into Hispania Tarraconensis The Carthaginians were the next who about forty years after they were by the Romans dispossessed of Sicily Sardinia and Corsica in the end of the first Punick War about the year of Rome 512 by the Isle of Gades which was theirs before entered Spain and in less than twenty years under Amilcar Asdrubal and Hannibal the Son of Amilcar destroyed Saguntum built New Carthage conquered all the Nations of this Country as far the Pyrenean Hills and the Mediterranean Sea and might easily have subdued the rest but that Hannibal chose rather to revenge the Injuries of his Country and ruin Rome by an Invasion of Italy The Jealousie of the Carthaginians ruined his Designs in Italy and the Roman Fortunes prevailed in Spain too under Cornelius Scipio about the year of Rome 545. The People having been broken by the Carthaginians submitted the more willingly and easily to the Romans and continued under them till about the year of Christ 400 when Gundericus King of the Vandals first conquered them The Goths followed these and in 418 set up a Kingdom which in time extirpated the Vandals or drove them over the Sea into Africa This Kingdom continued under thirty one Princes till 724 when the Moors came in and after a Fight of seven Days continuance prevailed against the Goths and forced Spain They brought over fifty thousand Families of Moors and Jews and so fixed themselves here that though they were in a short time cantoned into a small Kingdom and the Spaniards with the remainders of the Goths who had secured themselves in the Mountains and other places of difficult access by the help of the French made a gainful and prevailing War upon them yet they could not be intirely subdued before 1492 In after times it is hard to say whether the good Fortunes or ill Government of the Spaniards have contributed most to the ruin of this once most potent Kingdom For first Ferdinando and Isabella in 1492 expelled out of Spain one hundred and seventy thousand Families of the Jews Philip II. in 1610. expelled nine hundred thousand Moors And America being found in the mean time the numbers of Spaniards that passed thither is unknown Philip I. succeeded in 1504 The first Prince of the House of Austria who reigned in Spain Charles V. his Son in 1516. Philip II. in 1556. Philip III. in 1598. Philip IV. in 1621. Charles II. the present King began his Reign in September 1665 being then an Infant This Kingdom is now divided into fifteen Kingdoms or Provinces viz. 1. Navarre 2. Biscay 3. Guipuscòa 4. Leon and Oviedo 5. Gallicia 6. Corduba 7. Granada 8. Murcia 9. Toledo 10. Castile 11. Portugal 12. Valentia 13. Catalonia 14. The Kingdom of Majorca 15. And the Kingd of Arragon Which are at this day all reduced under three Crowns or Governments Castile Portugal and Arragon The Religion professed is strict Roman Catholick especially since the introducing the Inquisition by Pedro Gonsales de Mendoza Archbishop of Toledo in 1478. The Christian Faith was taught this Nation very early by S. James or more probably by S. Paul Arianisin entered with the Goths and continued till 588. They never heard of the Roman Rites till after 1083 when a Frenchman being made Archbishop of Toledo endeavoured the Introduction of that Service and was at first opposed in it by all the other Prelates and People It had been well for Spain if it had never been received seeing it has cost that Nation so many of its People no less than three thousand Families having been destroyed by the Inquisition in one Diocese in three years not to mention the loss of the United Netherlands and the ruin of Flanders The Cities of Spain are too numerous to be here inserted New Spain Hispania Nova is a considerable Country in North America called by the Spaniards la Nueva Espanna and sometimes el Mexico from its Capital City It contains all that space of Land between the North and the South Sea that lies between the Terra Firma or Streight of Panama to the East and Florida to
between Durazzo and the River Aspro which last falls into the same Sea twenty five Miles from Durazzo to the North Some call it Aspro Spirnazza others Spirnazza Arzenza Spitsberg an University in Brandenburgh founded in 1544. Spitsberg Spitzberga Regio Arctica or the Sharp Mountains as the Name signifies is a large Country and a part of the Artick Continent between Nova Zembla to the East and Greenland to the West which are yet not near it by three hundred Miles It was called thus by the Dutch upon their discovering it in 1596. the English call it new-New-Land others Spigelberg It extends to deg 80. of North Latitude Whether it be an Island or joyned to any Continent is unknown to the Europeans extreme cold without one Village in it only some parts are frequented by the Dutch who Fish for Whales and find some two hundred foot long Here are a great number of Bears black and white Foxes and Sea-Geese Split the same with Spalatro Splugen Splugue Speluca the highest Mountain amongst the Grisons a part of the Rhetian Alpes upon which there was once a strong Castle near the Lower Branch of the Rhine about eight Miles from Clâ—ven to the North. Spoleti Spoletum Spoletium is a City in the States of the Church in Italy called Spoleto and Spolete the Capital of a Dukedom of the same Name It stands in the Province of Vmbria or Ombria partly on an Hill partly in a Valley upon the River Tessino thirteen Miles from Fuligno to the North-East forty five from Rome to the North and sixty two from Ancona to the South It is a Bishops See immediatly under the Pope and a City of great Antiquity having defended it self very well against Hannibal in the second Punick War In 1234 here was a Council held under Pope Gregory IX for the Recovery of the Holy Land The same year the Bishop's See was translated hither from Spollo In seven hundred and forty it was besieged by Luitprandus King of the Lombards and reduced to great Extremities In 1155 Frederick Barberossa took plundered and burnt it for violating his Ambassadors and corrupting his Coin In 1583 here was a Synod held by its Bishop It shows some stately Ruines of an Amphitheatre a Temple and a Palace of the Kings of the Goths who made it their Residence Il Ducato di Spoleto Spoletanus Ducatus is a very large Province of Italy called of old Vmbria of latter times Ombria And a Dukedom from the time that Longinus the Greek Exarch of Ravenna after the recalling Narses instituted Dukes for the Government of this Province The Lombards made a Conquest of it under Alboinus one of their Kings in 571. But they left it under Dukes still one of which in 740 joyning with Pope Gregary and rebelling against his Master Luitprandus drew a War upon the Province In 876. Charles the Bald one of the Caroline Princes made Guido a Descendent of Charles the Great Duke of Spoleto whose Posterity in thirteen Descents enjoyed it to 1198. How or when this Province fell under the Pope I know not but it bore the Title of a Dukedom under them till 1440 when it reassumed its ancient Name of Ombria See Leander Albertus Sponheim Sponheimensis Comitatus a County in the Palatinate of the Rhine between the Moselle and the Naw which last falls into the Rhine four German Miles beneath Mentz The fourth part of it is under the Marquess of Baden the rest has been under the Electors Palatine ever since 1416 when it came to that Family by the Marriage of Isabella Heiress of it with Robert Elector Palatine The principal places in it are Creutznach Simmeren and Birkenfeld Sporades the scattered Islands towards Candia in the Archipelago so called in opposition to the Cyclades which lye together in the form of a Circle The Romans Saracens and the Corsairs with the present Masters the Turks of them by their several devastations have reduced these once flourishing retreats into a poor condition There are always some Greeks upon them Sprche Sprewe Spra la Sprehe Spreha a River in Germany which ariseth in the Borders of Bohemia and flowing through Lusatia watereth Bautzen Cotâ—â—itz and Luben then entering Brandenburgh falls by Berlin into the Havel at Spandow which last ends in the Elbe at Havelburg Sprotaw Sproâ—avia a City of Silesia in the Dukedom of Glogaw upon a River of the same Name which falls into the Bober Four Miles from Glogaw to the West Spurnhead Ocelli a Cape or Promontory in Yorkshire at the Mouth of the Humber Squillaci Scyllctiâ—m Scillaceum a small City of great Antiquity called by Ptolemy Scilacium Pliny Scylaceum and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Reggio in the Fuâ—ther Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples to which there belongs a Bay upon the Ionian Sea called Golfo di Squillaei This City stands sixty five Miles from Regio to the North-East fifty five from Rossano to the South and has not above three hundred Houses in it Long. 40. 12. Lat. 37. 48. It was an Athenian Colony and one of the most considerable Cities belonging to the Brutii in Magna Graecia Staden Statio Stada a City in the Lower Saxony in the Dukedom of Bremen near the Elbe anciently a Free Imperial City and a Hanse Town but now subject to the Duke of Breme It stands upon a small River called Sâ—â—â—vinge which a little lower falls into the Elbe seven German Miles from Hamburgh to the West and twelve from Bremen to the North. A very strong Town Taken in 1676 by the Duke of Brunswick In 1680 it was restored by the Treaty concluded at Zell to the Swedes under whom it was before put by the Treaty of Munster Staffanger Stavandria Stafangria Stavangria a City of Norway which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Drontheim and has a large safe Harbor upon the German Ocean It stands in the Prefecture of Bergen ninety Miles from Bergen to the South and sixty from the Baltick Sea Long. 27. 45. Lat. 61. 15. Staffarda a Town not far from Saluzzes in Piedmont made remarkable by the Battel between the Duke of Savoy's Army and the French on the eighteenth of August 1690 in which the former retired with loss Staffordshire Staffordia Cornavi a County in the middle of England Bounded on the North by Cheshire and Darbyshire where a Stone shews the point in which these three Countries meet on the East by Darbyshire cut off by the Dowe and Trent on the South by Warwickshire and Worcestershire and on the West by Shropshire It represents a Lozenge in its form its length being forty four Miles from North to South and its breadth twenty seven the whole Circumference one hundred and forty seven containing one hundred and thirty Parishes and eight Market Towns For Springs Brooks and Rivers besides the Trent it hath the Dove which partly separates it from Derbyshire the Churner the Blithe the Line the Teaâ— the Sowe the Penk the Manifold and several
men The Buildings are ancient the Inhabitants grave It stands in a Marsh which makes it less healthful though it affords the City a great plenty of all things The Cathedral Church of S. Luke that is there now was heretofore the Temple of Diana Long. 39. 24. Lat. 36. 24. Syria a vast Country in the Greater Asia called by the Jews Aram or Charam When it is largely taken it contains Phoenicia Palestine or the Holy Land and Syria properly so called In the latter Acceptation it is bounded to the North by Cilicia and the lesser Armenia on the East by Mesopotamia divided from it by the Euphrates and Arabia Deserta on the South it has Palestine and Phoenicia and on the West the Mediterranean Sea Now called by the Inhabitants Souristan by the French Sourie by the Italians Soria It s length from North to South four hundred from East to West it is in breadth two hundred Italian Miles In very ancient Times Damascus was the capital City in the middle times Antioch now Aleppo This Country is by Nature extremely Fruitful and once as Populous but now almost desolate As to the Story of it N. Damascenus mentions one Adadus slain by David King of Israel after whom there followed a Succession of Kings thirteen in number the last of which Rezin was conquered by Tiglath Phileser King of Assyria and beheaded in Damascus about the year of the World 3213. After this they were subject to the Kings of Assyria Media and Persia till after the Death of Alexander the Great Seleucus Nicanor began another Kingdom here about the year of the World 3644 whose Posterity and Successors to the number of twenty one or twenty five of which Antiochus XII was the last Reigned till Pompey the Great made a perfect Conquest of all Syrià for the Romans in the year of the World 4650 sixty two years before the Birth of our Saviour It continued under the Romans till the year of Christ 636. or as others 34. when it was conquered by Haumer the third Calyph of the Saracens About the year of Christ 1075. Melech and Ducat began a Turkish Kingdom which in the year 1262 after a Descent of nine Kings was destroyed by Haalon the Tartar Next it fell into the Hands of the Mamalucks of Egypt under whom it continued till the year 1515 and then was conquered by Selim Emperor of the Turks under whom it is at this day most wretchedly harassed and desolated Syrtes two dangerous sandy Gulphs in the Mediterranean Sea upon the Coast of Barbary in Africa called antiently Syrtes magna parva now the Gulph de Sidra and de Capes In one name the Shoals of Barbary The first lies betwixt the Kingdoms of Tripoli and Barca the other betwixt Tripoli and Tunis TA. TA a River on the South of China in the Provinces of Quansey and Quantam Tabago the Tobacco Island in the West-Indies in the North Sea Possessed by the Dutch commonly also called Niew Walcheren It lies eight Miles from la Trinidad to the North-East and ninety South of Barbadoes having eighteen small Rivers and many sase Harbours about nine Dutch Miles long and three broad very fruitful and full of all Necessaries About forty years since the Dutch began to plant it In 1673. the English under Sir Tobias Bridges took and plundered it carried away four hundred Prisoners and as many Negroes In 1677. the French being desirous to drive the Dutch out of it sent the Comte d' Estrée with ten Ships which entered Klips Bay and for several days ingaged a Fleet of eight Dutch Ships there lying under the Command of James Binckes a Dutchman who so well defended the Island that though the French pretended they destroyed the Fort the Dutch had built yet they were forced to draw off and leave the Dutch Masters of the Place Long. 316. Lat. 10. 30. The whole Plantation of this Island is Tobacco after its name Tabarestan Tabarestania a Province of Persia toward the Caspian Sea containing a great part of the ancient Hyrcania The Caspian Sea is sometimes from this Province called the Sea of Tabarestan Asterabath its Capital City Tabarque Tabraca an ancient City in the Kingdom of Tunis in Africa upon the Mediterranean Sea betwixt Hippo and Vtica It hath had the honour in the times of Christianity there to be a Bishops See but now only considerable for its Port. Pliny Claudian and Stephanus mention it Tabasco Tabasca a Town and Province in New Spain in North America The Province lies between the Bay of Mexico to the North and the Province of Chiapa to the South extended from East to West forty six Spanish Leagues The principal City in it was by the Indians called Tabasco but the Spaniards call it Nuestra Sennora de la Viâ—toria our Lady of Victory because Cortez the Spanish General gave the Mexicans an irrecoverable Defeat near this Place Tabenna an Island of the Thebais in the Kingdom of Egypt near the City Syene Inhabited formerly by the Monks entituled Tabenniosiâ—ae from it in whose times Tabennis was a small Town standing here Tabor Taborium a Town in Bohemia upon the River Lauznicz twenty Miles from Budwess and forty five from Prague The Hussites made this Place the Seat of their War and fortified it and from thence for twenty years ruined the Imperial and Hereditary Countries called thereupon Taborites Tacara a small Kingdom on the Coast of Guinea in Africa Tacaze Tacasus Astaboras a vast River in the Higher Aethiopia which ariseth in the Kingdom of Angote chiefly from three Fountains and runs West sometime between Dagana and Hoga Then bending North through the Kingdom of Tigre it watereth the Desart of Oldeba and joyns the River Mareb or Marebo Being much improved it passeth through the Kingdom of Dengin and at Jalack falls into the Nile in the Kingdom of Nubia from the East Tachiali Antiochia Maeandri a City of Caria in the Lesser Asia which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ephesus from which it stands seventy Miles to the East upon the Meander and thirty seven from Bursia to the South Latitus Bishop of this See subscribed to the Council of Chalcedon Long. 58.00 Lat. 39. 30. Tadcaster a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire which hath a large Stone Bridge over the River Warfe and Lime-Stone digged up in its Neighbourhood in Plenty Tadouslack Tadussacum a Town in New France upon the Bay of S. Laurence where it receives the River Saguen a hundred Miles from Quebec to the South-East Taenarus See Matapan Taff Rhatostathybius a small River in Glamorganshire in Wales which watering and giving name to Landaff falls into the Irish Sea near the Borders of Monmouthshire Taflete Tafleta a Kingdom in Biledulgerida in Africa between Segellomessa to the East and Darba to the West bounded with the Kingdom of Morocco to the North. The Capital City is of the same name A populous and plentiful City fortified with a Castle of great Trade for Indico
Strasburg whilst that City was in the Hands of the Protestants Zabes a City of Transylvania upon the River Merish six Miles from Weissemburg to the South and twenty nine from Hermstadt to the West Called by the Natives Zas Zebes also and by the Germans Millembach Some suppose it to be the Zeugma of the Ancients Zacatecas or los Zacatecas a Province in New Spain betwixt New Biscay and New Galicia in South America Zaconia Laconia a Province in the Morea Zacynthus See Zante Zadaon Calipus a considerable River in Portugal called also Zadan It ariseth in the Borders of Algarve and running North watereth Alvalada Garcia de Minjuno and Alcaser and at Setuval six Leagues South of the Tajo falls into the Atlantick Ocean Zaflan a Lake in the Vpper Aethiopia with a Town of the same name under the Abyssines formerly but ravished from them by the Galla's or Gala's a neighbour Nation Zagathai Zagataia a considerable Country between the Kingdoms of Thibet to the East Persia to the South and the Caspian Sea to the West in Tartary in Asia Called also Vsbech Zagaya one of the modern names of the Mountain Helicon Zagrabia Sisopa Zagabria Soroga Vicus Italicus A City in Sclavonia which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Colocza and the Head of a County of its own Name A place of great strength and well peopled It is near the Borders of Croatia forty five Miles from Vihitz to the North fifteen from Gradisca to the West and eleven from Cilley to the South-East upon the North side of the Drave This City and County has ever been in the Hands of the Germans who call it Agram The Bishops of it have the care of all Sclavonia Zagrus the Mountain dividing the ancient Media from Assyria in Asia through which some pretend that Semiramis pierced a passage into Media which bore the name anciently of Zagripylae or the Streights of Zagrus and the Mountain itself of Semiramis Zaire Zairus a vast and a celebrated River of Africa in the Vpper Aethiopia which ariseth out of a great Lake of the same name and flowing Westward watereth the Kingdoms of Cosange Macoco Congo and in part that of Loangi At last falls into the Atlantick Ocean by a Mouth twenty eight Miles broad in five degrees of Southern Latitude This River is not navigable above eighty Miles upward from its Mouth by reason of its Cataracts It has been formerly thought that the Nile derives its source from the Lake Zaire But Thevenot and Jeremy Lobo a Portugueze who lived twelve years in this Country have undecelved us with their better accounts Zalderane a spacious Plain near the City Tauris in Persia towards the Borders of Armenia beyond the Euphrates made remarkable by the Battel fought upon it Aug. 26. 1514. betwixt Ismael K. of Persia and Selim. I. Emperor of the Turks Zama an ancient City of Africa which is the modern Zamora in the Kingdom of Algiers Called in an inscription yet extant in it Colonia Aelia Hadriana Augusta Zama Regia Hannibal received a great defeat from Scipio at this City Juba King of Mauritania chose it for the Capital of his Kingdom In the ancient Christian times here it had the honour of a Bishops See Pliny mentions an excellent Fountain near it of the same name Zambeze a great River of Aethiopia in Africa which springeth from a Lake of its own name but called also Sachat upon the Borders of the Empires of Monomotapa and Abyssinia And after the reception of many Rivers into its bed divides itself towards its Mouth into four great Branches inclosing divers large and fruitful Islands so falls into the Aethiopick Ocean upon the Consines of Sofala and Mosambick Some confound the Lake Zambeze with that of Zaire Zamora a City in the Kingdom of Leon upon the River Douro which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Compostella so made by P. Calixtus II. in the Reign of Alphonsus VI. in 1119. Nine Leagues from Miranda to the East and fourteen from Validolid to the West See also Zama Zamoski Zamoscium a City in Red Russia in the Kingdom of Poland upon a fine Plain near the River Weper Built by a Grand Chancellour of Poland of the name of Zamoski fourteen Polish Miles from Luxemburgh to the North. It is a place of great strength and baffled an Attempt of the Cossacks upon it in 1651. Zanaga See Senga Zancle an ancient City of the Island of Sicily whose destruction by Anaxilaus a King of the Rhegenses in Italy makes it mentioned in History and Antiquity Ovid expresses the whole Island by its name in saying Zancle quoque juncta fuisse Dicitur Italiae Some suppose Messina now stands in the place of it Zanfara a City and Kingdom of Nigritia in Africa Zanguebar Zanguebaria a great Region in the Lower Aethiopia in Africa It has this Name from the Arabians over against whose Country it lies signifying Negroes or Blacks upon the Aethiopian Ocean on the Eastern Shoar of Africa It extends from North to South from five degrees of Northern to eighteen degrees of Southern Latitude but of small breadth The Kingdoms of Mombaza Melinda Mosambick Lamo Queilloa and many others of less note are contained in it full of Forests and Marshes which create a pestilent Air and an unfruitful Soil Zanhaga a Region and Desert upon the Atlantick Ocean in Africa North of the Kingdom of Tombutum or Tombotu in Lybia under the Tropick of Cancer South of Marocco Zante Zacynthus a great Island in the Ionian Sea under the States of Venice Twenty four Miles long sixteen broad and sixty in circuit It lies twelve Miles from Cefalonia to the South and the same from the Morea to the West It contains forty eight Castles fifty Villages and one City of the same Name with the Island which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Corfu has an excellent Harbor on the East side defended by a strong Castle upon an high Hill and a Garrison of Roman Catholicks but the Inhabitants are for the most part of the Greek Church Mr. Wheeler saith it is not above thirty Miles in circuit but one of the most fruitful and pleasant places he ever saw Lat 36. 30. It produces Wine Corn and Oyl with great abundance Robert Guichard the Valiant Norman Duke of Puglia dyed here in his Voyage to the Holy Land The chief Commodity is the Curran-Trade which bears the Charge of the Venetian Fleet or Armada The City and indeed the whole Island is very populous subject to Earthquakes which forceth them to build low The Jews have three Synagogues the Dominicans and other Religious three Monasteries the Episcopal See of Cephalonia and Zante is the same the two Islands making but one Diocese the City Zante may contain twenty or twenty five thousand Inhabitants There is only one River in the Island whose Communication with the Sea makes it Salt and one plentiful spring of sweet water But the great number of its Jacynths
it belonging to the Hollanders upon the Coast of Nigritia This Fort was built by the Portugals in 1455. Taken from them by the Hollanders in 1633. Taken from the Hollanders by the English of late Years and it was again taken and ruin'd by the French in 1678 and is now again under the Hollander It lies in the Atlantick Ocean upon the Coast of the Kingdom of Gualata about or in 20 d. of Northern Lat. Arhon Asopus a River of the Morea falling into the Gulph of Corinth Arhusen Arhusia a City of Denmark in the Dukedom of Jutland upon the Baltick Sea it is a Bishops See under the Archbisâ—op of Lunden seated upon the River Gude 10 Miles South of Alburg 2 West from the Island of Fuinen and about 26 North of Lubeck This City was taken and severely treated by the Swedes in 1644. but is since that in the Posâ—ession of the Danes again Aria an antient Province and City of Persia The one is now call'd Chorasan the other Herat or Serat Ariano Arianum a City in the further Principate in the Kingdom of Naples and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento giving the Title of a Duke Ariano upon the Po is a small City in the Ferrarez in Italy and Capital of a Territory call'd Polesinâ— di Ariano upon the Borders of the States of Venice Arica a Port in the Kingdom of Peril in the Province de los Charcas where they ship the Silver brought from Potosi It is a small Town but has a capacious Haven and a strong Castle distant from La Plata to the South-East and from Cusco to the South 80 Leagues Ariccia or la Riccia was heretofore a considerable Town in the Campagna di Roma in Italy upon a Lake of the name now called lago di Nemi It has since become a small Village yet gives the Title of a Duke Ariel a River of the Precopensian Tartars which falls into the Nieper Borysthenes below Terki Arieni an antient People of Germany Another in Asia whom the Gauls reduced Arima a Town and Port of Japan in the Kingdom of Ximo or Saâ—cok The Infidels have extirpated the Christians thence Arimaspi an antient People of Sarmatia Europaea Ariminum See Rimini Arimoa an Island discovered by the Hollanders in 1618. near New Guiney betwixt Moa and Schouten Arles Arelas a City and Archbishoprick in Provence of France upon the Rhone In this place there was celebrated a great Council of the Western and African Bishops by the Order of Constantine the Great in the Year 312 or as Cabasutius saith in 314. that is about 16 years before the General Council of Nice and there has been several others held in aftertimes in the same Place This City was once made the Head of a Kingdom which had Kings of its own from the Year 879. to 1032. sometimes call'd the Kingdom of Arles and sometimes of Burgundy beyond the Jâ—ur Jurana It is seated on the left side the River Rhone over which there is a Timber Bridge 12 Leagues from Marseilles to the West The Academy established here in 1669 and the grand Obelisk of Roman work erected in 1677 ought not to be forgotten Arlington a little Village in Middlesex between Harlington and Shepeston which being the Birth-place of the Right Honorable Henry Bennet he was by Charles II. created Baron of Arlington the 14th of March 1664 and Earl of the same the 22d of April 1672. sworn Lord Chamberlain of the Houshold to King Charles II. Sept. 11. 1674. and died in the first Year of the Reign of King James II. in great Honor and Esteem Arlon Arlun Arlunum Orolunum a Town in the Dutchy of Luxembourg in the Low Countries which has given the Title of a Marquess from the Year 1103. It stands 4 Leagues from Luxembourg 6 from Montmidi Arma a Province and City in the Kingdom of Popayan in America 25 Leagues from St. Troy Armadabat See Amadabat Armagh Armacha a County of Vlster in Ireland incompassed with the River Neury on the East with the Country of Louth on the South and with the Blackwater North. This is one of the most fruitful Counties in all Ireland Upon the River Kalin which falleth into the Blackwater a River so called stands Armagh a poor decayed City tho an Archiepiscopal See and the Primate of the whole Kingdom This Primate was subject to the Archbishop of Canterbury till 1142. when it was exempted by one John Papyrio a Papal Legate as Camden faith The City was taken by Cromwel in 1650. Armanac Arminiacensis Comitatus a County of Aquitain or the upper Gascony in France bounded on the North by the Counties of Agenois and Condome on the East by Languedoc on the West by Gascony properly so called Bearn and Bigorro and on the South by the County de Cominge The Earle of this County are much celebrated in the antient French History Armanâ—th See Ardmonack Armanson Armentio a River of France in Burgundy It rises by semur receives the Brenne passes by Tonnere and falls into the Lionne nigh Auxerre Armenia major called by the Inhabitants Curdistan by the Georgians Armenioba a very large and well known Country of Asia being divided from the Georgians Mengrelians and Muscovites by the Mountains on the South by Mount Taurus from Mesopotamia and by Mount Niphate from Assyria on the West it has the Euphrates by which it is divided from Cappadocia and Armenia the Less The greatest part of it is under the Turks but a small part towards the East is under the Pâ—rsiâ—n In this Country both Euphrates and Tigris have their Fountains Armenia minor called now by some Aladuli by others Ac-coionlu is a part of Asia the Less and was heretofore a part of Capadocia bounded on the North by the Mengrelians and the Pontus or Euxine Sea on the South by Cilicia and Syria on the East by Armenia major and on the West by Cappadooia This whole Country is now under the Dominion of the Turks Armentiers Armentariae a Town of Planders upon the River Ley Legia which falls into the Schelde at Ghant This Town was the Theatre of great Actions during the former Wars and was left to the French by the Treaty of Aquisgrane who have had it ever since the Year 1668. It is a fair Town distant from Ghant 10 Miles and something less from Cambray Armes a Seigniory in the Province of Nivernois in France giving its name to a Noble Family there Armorica See Bretagne Armoy or Earmoy a Barony in the County of Cork and Province of Munster in Ireland â—nautes an errant vagabond People of Albania Arnay le Due Arnaeum Ducium a small Town in Burgundy in France 5 Leagues from Autun very agreeable Arnebourg a Town in the antient Marquisate of Brandenbourg upon the Elb ruined in the German Wars Arneda a City and Port upon the Pacifick Ocean in Peru in America The Land of Arnheim is a part of the Terra Australis discovered by the Hollanders to
the South of New Guiney Arnheim Arenacum one of the principal Cities of Guelderland and one of the States of Holland seated upon the Rhine which a little above it is divided into 2 Branches the Ysel to the East and the Rhine to the West it is a neat Town and has belonged to the United Provinces ever since the Year 1585. It lies 2 Leagues from Nimeghon the chief Town of Guelderland and 7 from Vtrecht Taken by the French in 1672. and deserted 2 years after the Fortifications of it being first demolished by them Arno Arnus a River of Tuscany in Italy which springeth from the Apponnine not far from the Head of Tiber and running West it obliquely passeth between Florence and Pisa From the Sea as far as Florence it is Navigable Arnon a River arising from the Mountains of Arabia which traverses all the Desart then falls into the Lake Asphaltites and divides the antient Seats of the Moabites from the Amorites God Almighty rendred the passage over it miraculously easie to the People of Israel Numb 21. 13 14. Arnsbourg the Capital City of the Island of Oesel in the Baltick Sea with a Castle under the Swedes Aroe Arren Aria an Island in the Baltick Sea under the King of Denmark dependent of the Dutchy of Sleswick Aromaia a Province of New Andaluzia in America near the mouth of the River Orenoque Arona a Town and Castle in the Milaneze in Italy upon a Lake belonging to the Family of the Borromeos The famous S. Charles Cardinal Borromeo Archbishop of Milan was born here Octob. 2. 1538. Arool a Town in Muscovy 40 Leagues from Moscow Arosen Arosia a City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal in Sweden It is the Capital of the Province of Westimania with a Fortress upon the Lake Meler Here Gustavus I. deseated Christiern II. about the year 1521. And in 1540. the States here assembled declared the Crown of Sweden Hereditary Arow Aarow a frank Town in the Canton of Bern in Switzerland upon the River Aar from whence it takes its name The Protestant Cantons are used to hold their Dyets here Arpaia Caudium a City heretofore now a Village in the further Principate in the Kingdom of Naples Near to it there is a very narrow defile for two Persons to pass betwixt two Mountains called Stretto d'Arpaio and formerly Furcae Caudinae where the Samnites having obliged the Roman Army under T. Vetrurius and Sp. Posthumius Consuls to render themselves upon discretion put them to the disgrace of passing under a Traverse of Pikes with Hands tyed disarmed and bare headed Arpaion an antient Barony in the Province of Rovergue in France erected into a Dutchy in 1651. Arpentras A City heretofore upon the Lake Lemane in Switzerland now a Village they call Vidy built out of the Ruins thereof Great numbers of antient Medals are found here Arpino Arpinum a Town and Castle in the Terra di lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples Caius Marius Seven times Consul was born here Cicero is Sirnamed Arpinas from hence it being but 3 Miles from the place of his Nativity Arques a Town in the Dutchy of Bar in France near the Meuse supposed to be the Birth-place of Joane of Arc the Maid of Orleans famous in the Reign of Charles VII Arques Arca a Village in Normandy in the païs de Caux upon the River Arques 2 Miles South from Diepe This place was made illustrious by a great Victory Henry IV. obtain'd there in the Year 1589. Arra a Barony in the County of Tipperary in Mâ—nster in Ireland Arracan Arracaon Arrachamum a considerable Kingdom and a City upon the River Martaban beyond the Ganges in the East Indees Arragon Aragonia a very large and indeed one of the three principal Kingdoms in Spain bounded on the North by Navarre and France from which last it is divided by the Pyrenees on the East it hath Catalonia on the West New and Old Castile and on the South it hath the Kingdom of Valentia This Kingdom was united to Castile in the Year 1479. Arran a Barony made up of four Islands upon the Coast of the County of Dungal in the Province of Vlsier And made an Earldom in 1661. in favor of Richard the Second Son of James Duke of Ormond These Islands lie in the Western Ocean Arran Arania Glotta an Island on the West of Scotland in Dunbritain Frith near Argile which was anciently an Earldom Arras Atrebatum Nemetocerna called by the Dutch Atrecht a great Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Rheims the Head City of the Earldom of Artois and stands upon the River Scarpe which flows also by Douay It is considerably well sortified and has a strong Castle it came into the hands of the French in 1640 and when the Spaniards 1654 attempted by force to retake it their Army was defeated the 25th of August of that Year since which time the French have peaceably enjoyed it This was one of the greatest Actions of Cardinal Mazarine and won him much Honor in France It is 15 Leagues from Tournay and 5 from Doway Arren See Aroe Arroux Arosius a River of Burgundy in France it rises by Amay le Duc passes by Autun and joyns the Loyre by Bourbon-Lancy Arsa Arsia a River of Istria which divides Italy from Illyrium It falls into the Adriatique near Pola Arsinoe a City of Cilicia in Asia Minor betwixt Antioch and Seleucia Arsinoe in Aegypt See Suez Arsinoe between Berenice and Ptolemais in Africa is a City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Cyrene some say now called Trochara The Artients give us three more of this name in the Island of Cyprus whereof we have no farther account Arta or Larta a City of Epirus in Greece upon the River Acheron 15 Miles from the Sea and a days Journey from Ambracia Adorned with a Metropolitan See and a noble Church Artois Artesia bounded on the North with the Country of Flanders on the West and South with Picardy and on the East in part by Flanders in part by Hanalt and Cambray It lies in length from North to South 26 Leagues It was once the East part of Flanders but became a separate Earldom in 1198. and continued so till 1382. when it returned to the Earls of Flanders but at the Pyrenaean Treaty in 1659. and that of Nimeguen in 1678. it was intirely yielded to the French This was the Country of the antient Atrebates The Capital City of it is Arras Aru a City and Kingdom in the Isle of Sumatra in the East-Indies § Also an Island of Asia between the Moluccaes and New Guiney Arva called by the Germans Orova a Town in the Upper Hungary near the Confines of Poland towards the Carpathian Mountains upon the River Vag Vagus six Miles from Bistricz North which Town gives Name to a County Arva a rapid River of Savoy It springs out of the high Mountains of Fossigni and passing by Bonne Ville falls into the Rhosne at the
The Capital of its hundred upon the River Bane and in the division of Lindsey Horndiep Arnapa a small River of Holland which ariseth in Drent a Territory of Over Yssel and flowing through Groningen a little beneath Hunsen falls into the River Reit Diep after it has watered the City of Groningen Horndon on the Hill a Market Town in the County of Essex in the hundred of Barstable Horomelt one of the Names of Greece Horsham a Market Town in the County of Sussex in Bramber Rape It is a large Borough Town having the Election of 2 Parliament-men situated near S. Leonards Forest Horti Hortanum See Orta Houdain Hodanum a small French City in la Beausse or in the Government of the Isle of France according to others near Chartres two Leagues from Dreux to the North-East and eight from Paris to the West upon the River Vegre La Houlme Holmesia a small District in Normandy between the River Orne Olina and the Territory of le Mans in which there is no Town of note Howden a Market Town in the E. riding of Yorkshire giving Name to a small Territory call'd Howdenshire near the confluence of the Rivers Ouse and Derwent Hoy Dumma an Island of Scotland which is one of the Orcades three Miles from the Island of Mainland call'd also Hethy Hoye Hoya a small Town in Westphalia upon the River Weser two German Miles from Ferden to the South and from Newburg to the North the Capital of the Earldom von Hoye in Westphalia which was under Earls of its own till 1582. when upon the Death of Otto the last of them it fell to the Duke of Brunswick Zell Hudsons Bay an Arm of the Sea North of Estoiteland in the North America discovered by one Hudson an Englishman in 1612. Hudwicswaldt a City or Town in the Province of Helsing in the Kingdom of Sweden on the Baltick Sea towards the Province of Middlepad Huccar Vero a River of Spain Hued or Hued-il-Barbar Icer Serbes a River in the Kingdom of Algiers in Africa which derives its head from the Atlas and takes so many turnings and returnings amongst the Mountains that betwixt Bonne and Tunis it comes to be passed twenty five times At length falls into the Mediterranean Sea They Fish for Coral upon its Banks Hued Nijar Niger a River of Africa in Aethiopia Hued el Quiber Nasabath a River in the Kingdom of Algier Huesca Faventia Calicula Vesci Osca Escua a City in the Kingdom of Granada See Horiguela which is the same City § There is another Town of the same Name in the Kingdom of Arragon upon the River Ysuela fourteen Miles from Saragosa to the North-East and twenty from Lerida to the North-West This is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of aragossa and call'd by the ancients Osca Illergetum A Council was celebrated at it in 598. Huetca a Dutchy in New Castile upon the Confines of the Kingdoms of Granada and Murcia Hull Petuaria Hullum a Town and River in the East Riding of Yorkshire The Town is seated upon the West Bank of the River where it entereth the Humber twenty six Miles from York to the South-East and eleven from the Spurn Head or British Sea to the North-West Of no great Antiquity Edward I. purchasing the Ground of the Abbat of Meaux and built the Town which thereupon was called Kings-Town He made the Haven also granted the Town a Charter and divers Liberties by which means it grew to that it now is being for stately Houses strong Forts well furnished Ships Merchandize and plenty of all things the best in this part of England The Inhabitants ascribe much also to Michael de la Poole Duke of Suffolke who procured them many Privileges after he was by Richard II. made Duke of Suffolk Their gainful Fisheries on the Coast of Iseland had its share in this growth Being grown Rich they Walled the Town Paved their Streets raised their chief Magistrates from a Warden to Bailiffs at last in the Reign of Henry VI. got the Honor of a Mayor and that the Town should be a County Charles the Martyr Treasured up here a goodly Magazine for the benefit of his Subjects but when he came to use it April 23. 1642 he was most unworthily and undutifully excluded by Sir John Hotham which on the twenty fifth of the same Month was by the Parliament justified being upon the matter the first act of Hostility against that Holy Prince Hotham the Son was routed April 11. 1643. at Ancaster by Colonel Cavendish And both Father and Son came to be Beheaded by their Fellows Rebels the first in 1644. and the other in 1645. for intending to return to their Allegiance The River of Hull riseth by Kilham in the same County and passing on the East of Beverley at the distance of a Mile falls into the Humber between Hull and Dripole being Navigable up to Beverley and perhaps higher Hulst Hulstum a City in the Low-Countries in Flanders near Gaunt small but very well fortified the Capital of the Territory of Waes taken by the Dutch in 1645. and kept by them ever since It stands five Leagues from Antwerp to the West and seven from Gaunt to the North-West Humago Cissa an Island near Histria Humain Siga a City of Mauritania in Africa Humana a ruined City in the Marca Anconitana Humber Abus one of the principal Rivers of England or rather an Arm of the Sea into which many of the Rivers of this part of England empty themselves on the North it hath Yorkshire on the South Lincolnshire out of the first of these it receives the River of Hull then the Ouse which bringeth with it Derwent the Swale the Your the Wharf the Are Calder and the Dun then the Trent which divides Nottingham from Lincolnshire and brings many other with it as the Darwen the Manifold the Stoure and many others above Barton it receives the Ankam out of Lincolnshire the Mouth by which these Streams enter the German Ocean being almost seven Miles wide Humble Homelia a small River of Hantshire which rising by Bushwaltham and watering Boteley forms an Haven called Humble Haven on the East of St. Andrew's Castle over against the Isle of Wight where it entereth the British Sea Hungaria Pannonia inferior is one of the Noblest but most unfortunate Kingdoms next to Greece in Europe The Natives call it Magiar the Poles Wegierska the Germans Vngarn and the French Hungary On the North it is bounded with the Vpper Poland and Red Russia the Carpathian Mountains interposing between it and them on the East with Transylvania and Moldavia on the West with Stiria Austria and Moravia and on the South with Sclavonia and Servia Baudrand including Sclavonia bounds it on the South with Croatia Bosnia and Servia It extends in length from Presburgh along the Danube to the Borders of Transylvania the space of three hundred English Miles and one hundred and ninety of the same in breadth it takes in all
that Tract of Land that was possessed heretofore by the Jazyges Metanastae a Sarmatian People and part of Pannonia Superior and Inferior Wonderfully fruitful yielding Corn and Grass in abundance the latter exceeding when at its greatest length the height of a Man it abounds so in Cattle that it is thought alone to be able to serve all Europe with Flesh and they certainly send yearly into Germany eighty thousand Oxen. They have Deer Partridges and Pheasants in such abundance that any body that will may kill them They have Mines of Gold Silver Tin Lead Iron and Copper store of River or Fresh-water Fish and Wines equal in goodness to those of Candia The People are Hardy Covetous Warlike but Slothful and Lazy not much unlike the Irish Their best Scholar was St. Jerome Their best Soldiers Johannes Huniades and Matthias Corvinus The principal Rivers are the Danube which divides this Kingdom from end to end the Savus the Dravus and the Tibiscus they have one famous Lake called the Balaton which is forty Italian Miles in length The principal Cities are Buda or Offen Presburgh Alba-Regalis and Caschaw The Hungarians are a Tribe of the Scythians or Tartars which in the times of Arnulphus Emperour of Germany possessed themselves of Transylvania and the Vpper Hungary under Lewis IV. Successor to Arnulphus they passed the Danube wasted all Germany Italy Greece Sclavonia and Dacia till broken by the Forces of Germany and sweetned by the Christian Religion first taught them under King Stephen about 1016. by Albert Archbishop of Prague they became more quiet and better civilized This Stephen began his Reign in 1000. This Race of Kings continued to 1302. in twenty three Descents when Charles Martel Son of Charles King of Naples and Mary Daughter to Stephen IV. King of Hungary partly by Election partly by Inheritance and Conquest succeeded to this Crown to him succeeded Lewis his Nephew in 1343. Charles II. another of his Descendents in 1383. Sigismund Emperour King of Bohemia in the Right of Mary his Wife Eldest Daughter of Lewis in 1387. Albert of Austria in the Right of Elizabeth his Wife Daughter of Sigismond in 1438. Vladislaus Son of Albert and Elizabeth in 1444. Matthias Corvinus Son of Johannes Huniades by Election in 1458. Vladislaus II. Son of Cassimir IV. King of Poland and of Elizabeth Daughter of Albert in 1491. Lewis II. slain in the Battel of Mohatz succeeded in 1517. and was slain in 1527. John Sepusio Vaiwode of Transylvania chosen upon his Death succeeded that year but was outed by Ferdinand restored by Solyman the Turk and at last died in 1540. The Hungarians Crowned Stephen his Son an Infant in the Cradle but Solyman seized the best part of his Kingdom under pretence of defending it against Ferdinand of Austria and Ferdinand the rest so that ever since this wretched Kingdom has been a Stage of War between the Austrian and the Ottoman Families The former at this time having recovered from the latter all the Lower Hungary and all Tameswaer in the Vpper The Reader may be pleased to know that all that part of Hungary which lies on the West and North of the Danube is called the Lower Hungary what lies on the East and South the Vpper This Kingdom is divided into fifty five Counties three and twenty of which in the beginning of this last War were in the Hands of the Turks and the rest in the Emperor's It has also two Archbishops Sees Gran Strigonium and Colocza thirteen Bishopricks six under the first and seven under the latter Hungerford a Market Town in Berkshire in the hundred of Kentbury upon the River Kennet Hunni the ancient Inhabitants of the Marshes of the Maeotis who for the sake of a better Country to live in invaded Pannonia in great numbers and thence under Attila their King who stiled himself the Scourge of God marched victoriously into Germany Italy and France till Aetius General of the Romans and Meroveus King of France slew 200000 of them in one Battel in 450. Then they retired into Pannonia again and maintain'd themselves in divers Wars At length the Hungarians a Scythian race appeared about the end of the Reign of Charles the Gross and expelled them Huntingdonshire is bounded on the North by the River Avon or Afon which parts it from Lincolnshire on the West by Northamptonshire on the South by Bedfordshire and on the East by Cambridgeshire The North-East parts of it are Fenny but yield plenty of Grass for feeding of Cattle The rest is very pleasant fruitful of Corn rising into Hills and shady Groves The whole indeed was one Forest till Henry II. in the beginning of his Reign disforested it The Town of Huntingdon which gives Name to the County is seated upon the North side of the River Ouse somewhat high and stretcheth out it self in length to the Northward it has four Churches in it a fair Bridge of Stone over the River and near it is the Mount or Plot of an ancient Castle now ruined built by Edward the Elder in the Year 917. Which King David of Scotland who had this County with the Title of an Earl from King Stephen of England for an Augmentation of his Estate in the Year 1135. enlarged with new Buildings and Bulwarks but Henry II. finding great Inconveniences from it razed it to the Ground This was a very considerable Town in the times of Edward the Confessor and perhaps greater than now The first Earl of Huntingdon was Waltheof Created in 1068. two years after the Conquest he being beheaded Simon de Lyze who Married Maud the Daughter of Waltheof was made Earl in 1075. David Prince of Scotland her second Husband was the next Earl in 1108. It continued in this Family of Scotland till 1219. but it is now in the Family of the Hastings George Lord Hastings and Hungerford being by Henry VIII Created Earl of Huntingdon in the Year 1529. Theophilus Hastings the present Earl succeeded his Father in the Year 1655. and is the seventh Earl of this Noble Family Huquang a very large Province in the middle of the Kingdom of China counted the seventh in number but in extent one of the greatest its greatest length is from North to South being bounded on the North by Honan on the East by Nankim and Kiamsi on the South by Quamtum and on the West by Queycheu and Suchen It contains fifteen Cities an hundred and eighteen great Towns five hundred thirty one thousand six hundred eighty six Families The greatest City is Vuchang The great River of Kiam crosseth it and divides it and in the middle of this Province it receiveth two other great Rivers one from the North and the other from the South whose Names I cannot assign And these three Rivers form at their meeting a very considerable Lake between the Cities of Kincheu and Yocheu The Chinese call it also Jumichiti and the Granary of China for its abundance As to which they have a Proverb that the
Temple and stands upon the River Min over which it has a Bridge Kil Gelbis a River in the Bishoprick of Treves which falls into the Maes three Miles beneath Treves having watered Kilburgh and some other small Towns Its Rise is in the Dukedom of Limburgh Kildare Kaldaria Kildariensis Comitatus a County in the Province of Leinster in the Kingdom of Ireland which has the County of Dublin on the East the Kings County on the West the County of Meath to the North and that of Catherlach to the South The principal Town of it is Kildare This Town was taken by the Duke of Ormond in the Year 1649 from the Parliament Forces and retaken in a few Months after by Hewson The same has the honour to be an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Dublin Kile Covalia a County in the West of Scotland upon Dunbritaâ—n Fyrth over against the Isle of Arran Kilgarran a Market Town in Pembrockshire in VVales The Capital of its Hundred Kilham a Market Town in the East Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Dickering on the Woulds yet a good soil for Corn. Kilia Collatia Insula Achillea a City of Mysia Kilkenny Kilkennia Oseria a City of Ireland in a County of the same Name in the Province of Leinster in the Confines of the Province of Munster the Seat of the Bishop of Ossory a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Dublin and the Capital of the County in which it stands It is a great and a strong City placed upon the Banks of the River Nure ten Miles from Cashel to the North East fifty five from Dublin to the South West and twenty eight from Waterford to the North. The most populous rich and well traded in-land Town in the whole Kingdom of Ireland it took its Name from one Canic who leading here a solitary life was in great esteem for Holiness amongst the Irish whence the place was called by them Cell-Canic quasi Cella Canici or Canicks Church This consists of two parts the Irish Town in which is Canic's Church the Cathedral and the English which was built since it is now the principal part the former only a Suburb to it It was walled by K. Talbot a Noble Man and the Castle built by the Butlers This City was the Fountain and Head of the late Irish Rebellion the very Centre from whence all the Lines of Treason against the King the Nation and the Religion of Ireland were drawn the Seat of their Council or Committee from whence the Conspirators sent out their Orders It was also one of the first in the Punishment for Cromwell having taken Drogheda marched to Kilkenny and besieged it and after a short but sharp Resistance took it upon Articles in eight days time in the month of June 1650. The Committee being fled before his coming to Athlone in Conaught whither their Calamities followed them After the Fight of the Boyne Kilkenny was readily submitted to the Duke of Ormond who has a Noble Seat in it and made the Head-Quarter for the Forces of K. William in this part of the Country § The County of Kilkenny is bounded on the West by the Province of Munster and County of Tipperary on the North by Queens Courty on the East by Catherlach cut off from it by the River Boyne and on the South by the County of Waterford The River Nuro divides it from North to South and afterwards falls into the River Boyne at Rosse The City of Kilkenny stands almost in the Centre of the County which the Learned Dr. Bates makes to consist of three parts whereas Mr. Cambden gives it only two Killair the same with Kildare Killian Celenius a River of Scotland Killaloo Killala a small City and Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tuam in the Province of Conaught in the County of Mayo twenty four Miles from Gallway to the North. Kilmalock Killocia a small City in the Province of Munster in the County of Limerick eighteen Miles from Limerick to the South This was taken by Hewson in 1650. And gives the title of a Baron Kilmar an Arm of the Sea in Munster which lies between Dingle and Bantry Kilmore Kilmora a small City in the Province of Vister in the County of Cavan which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Armagh by the appointment of Pope Nicholas V. in 1454. It stands upon Ninty in the Confines of Conaught and Leinster thirty two English Miles from Drogheda to the West and forty one from Armagh to the South-West The Irish call this City Chilmhor § Kilmore a small City in the County of Knapdaile upon the Bay of Fynn forty Miles from Dunbritain to the North-West Kimbolton a Market Town in Huntingdonshire in the Hundred of Leightenstone adorned with a Castle belonging to the Earl of Manchester to whom it gives the title of a Baron Kingchieu a City of China and a Province also See Queicheu Kings-County a County of Ireland in the Province of Leinster bounded on the West by Conaught and the County of Gallway on the North by Meath on the East by Kildare and on the South by Queens-County The principal Town in it is Kings-Town Regiopolis seated upon the River Esker which falls into the Boyne twenty Miles from Athlone to the East and forty from Dublin to the West Kingsbridge a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Stanborough Kingsbury Kingnesburia there are of this Name several small Towns or Villages in England Of which we take notice only upon the occasion of a Council held at a place so called in 851. under the reign of Bertulph King of the Mercians Kingsclere a Market Town in the County of Southampton The Capital of its Hundred Kingston a Market Town in Surrey the Capital of its Hundred upon the Thames over which it has a Bridge famous heretofore for the Coronation of the Saxon Kings from whom it received the Name of Kingstown but before called Moreford and also for a Castle belonging to the Clares Earls of Gloucester The County Assizes are held here In the Year 838. there was a Council assembled at it under the Reign of Egbert K. of the West-Saxons This Town is called for distinction Kingston upon Thames There being § Another Kingston in the East-Riding of Yorkshire at the fall of the Hull into the Humber called Kingston upon Hull built by K. Edward I. with a Harbour to it a Custom-house and Key two Parish-Churches together with Walls Ditches Forts Block-houses and Castles which render it capable of a strong defence The same has the honour and privilege to be both a Borough-Town and a County Corporate giving the title of Earl to the Right Hon. William Pierrepont See Hull Kinsale Kinsalia a Town and Port of the County of Cork in the Province of Munster on the River Ban near the Ocean fifteen Miles from Cork to the South This Town was seized by D' Aquila a Spaniard in 1601 with two thousand Soldiers in favor of that dangerous Rebel
Tir-Oēn but being presently besieged by the Lord Montjoy Lieutenant of Ireland both by Sea and Land in December and Tir-Oën coming up to relieve the Spaniards with six thousand Foot and five hundred Horse amongst which were two thousand fresh Spaniards who had landed a little before at Berehaven Baltimore and Castle-haven being defeated December 24. by a Detachment drawn out of the English Camp D' Aquila thereupon January 2. following surrendered the Town to the English and was Transported with the Remainder of his Men by the English into Spain The Forces under the Earl of Marleborough possessed themselves of this Town Octob. 2. 1690 the next day they took the Old Fort by Storm the Governor for King James II. with several other Officers being slain upon the Ramparts On the seventeenth following the New Fort surrendered upon Articles and the Garrison of about 1200 Men marched out with their Arms and Baggage to be conducted to Limerick Kintzig Kintia a small River in Schwaben in Germany which ariseth in the Dukedom of Wirtemberg in the Black Forest and running South-West through the Territory of Ortnaw it watereth Wolsach Hussen and Offenburgh then falls into the Rhine at Strasburgh four Miles South-West of Baden Kiovia Kiow a City of Poland seated upon the Nieper in the Vkrayne which is the Capital of a County or Palatinate of the same Name and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Lemburgh having still a very strong Castle The Ruins of its Walls shew that it was once a great and a magnificent City containing eight miles in circuit which appears also from the Cathedral Church Towards the North it is yet full of People but what lies to the South and West has only a Timber Fence This City was built by Kio a Russian Prince in the Year 861. After this it was the Capital of Russia in which it stands which then had Princes of its own And at last it was taken by the Poles In 1615 it was taken and burnt by the Tartars and could never since recover that loss Within these thirty years last past it has suffered very much from the Cossacks and Moscovites In 1651 the Poles took it from the Cossacks but they having afterwards recovered it mortgaged it to the Moscovites who are in that Right still possessed of it It s Long. is 61. 20. Lat. 50. 51. This City is called by the Poles Kiouf or Kioff and lies forty Polish Miles from the Borders of Moscovy to the West seventy from Caminieck to the North-East and an hundred from Warsaw to the East § The Palatinate of Kiovia is called Volhinia Inferior and also the Vkrayne it is a part of Red Russia and lies on both sides of the River Nieper between Moscovy the Desarts of the Lesser Tartary Volhinia Superior the Palatinate of Barlaw and the Tartars of Orzakow In 1686 this was yielded to the Russ to engage them in an Alliance with the Poles against the Crim Tartars Kiri Drinus See Drino Kirkby or Kirby Lonsdale a Market Town in the County of Westmorland The Capital of its Ward upon the Banks of the River Lon in a rich and pleasant vale called Lonsdale large well built and populous having a fair Church and Stone-bridge over the said River The Name signifies the Church in the dale or Valley of Lon. § Kirkby Moreside a Market Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Ridal upon a small River which after some course falls with others into the Derwent § Kirkby Stephens a Market Town in the County of Westmorland in East Ward near the skirts of the Hills which sever Cumberland from Yorkshire It has a fair Church and the Lord Wharton a Seat near it called Wharton-Hall Kirkham a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Amounderness near the mouth of the River Rible Kirkton a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the division of Holland and the Hundred of Corringham adorned with a fair Church built Cathedral wise in the form of a Cross with a broad Steeple in the midst It stands upon a rising sandy ground Kirkwall Carcoviaca the principal Town in the Isles of Orkney which has a Castle and a large Haven It is seated upon the Island called Mainland on the North Side of the Island but towards the Eastern End and is in subjection to the King of Scotland the Seat of the Bishop of the Northern Isles Kisdarnoczi Claudius a Mountain between Stiria to the West and the Lower Hungary to the East which has various Names given by various Nations Klagenfurt or Clagenfurt Claudia Claudivium a City of Carinthia Dr. Brown in his Travels saith it is a fair four-square Town inclosed with a handsom Wall the Rampart is very broad at each Corner there is a Bastion and one in the middle of each Curtain the Streets straight and uniform as well as the Works There is a very fair Piazza or Square in the middle which was thus adorned by the Lutherans whilst they held this place who also erected the Noble Fountain in the Piazza the Figure of which is represented by this Author This is the Capital of Stiria at this day and lies upon a small River a Mile and half N. from the Drave thirty one from Vienna to the South-West and seventeen from Aquileja to the North East Kleckgow Eremus Helvetiorum a small Tract by the River Rhine between Scaphuis to the East and the Canton of Vnderwaldt to the West in Schwaben in Germany but on the very Borders of Switzerland Klein Glogaw Glogavia Minor See Glogaw Klogher an Episcopal City in the Province of Vlster in Ireland and the County of Monagham Knapdaile Knapdalia a County in the North of Scotland between Argile separated by an Arm of the Sea to the East the Isle of Jurai to the West Cantyr to the South Domin and Lorn to the North. Kilmore is the chief Town in it Knaresborough a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Claro which elects two Members of the House of Commons It a Castle upon a Rock and a Well says Mr. Speed which petrifies Wood. Knaringen Grinario a Roman Town in Schwaben in the Marquisate of Burgaw upon the River Carnlach a Mile from Burgaw to the West and four from Vlm to the same quarter Knighton a Market Town in the County of Radnor in Wales the Capital of its Hundred Knin Arduba a City of Dalmatia Knockfergus Carrickfergus Rupes Fergusii a City in the County of Antrym in the Province of Vlster on the British Sea over against the Isle of Man seated on the North Side of a fine Bay which affords it the Convenience of a large safe Haven This Bay is called by Ptolemy Vinderius at present the Bay of Fergus from a King of these parts who is said to have led the Scots out of Ireland into Scotland and afterwards to have been drowned here This City is more populous rich and frequented than any other in this part of
it Lepseck and Lasipio the Europeans Lampsaco It is now in a tolerable good Condition and the See of an Archbishop Xerxes King of Persia gave the Revenues of this City to Themistocles the Athenian in his Banishment to find him Wine It consists of about two hundred Houses inhabited partly by Turks partly by Christians It has a very fine Mosque whose Portico is supported by Red Marble Pillars the same was formerly a Christian Church as appears by the Crosses that yet remain on the Capitals of the Pillars This City has even at this day a great many fine Vineyards especially on the South-side fenced in with Pom granate Trees Wheeler p. 76. In the antient Roman Times the God Priapus was revered here In the Year of Christ 364 the Demi-Arrians in a Council at this City condemned the Forms of Faith that had been published by the Councils of Rimini and Constantinople confirming another made by the Council of Antioch in 341. There was also a second Synod assembled here about the Year 369. Lampura Selampura a City of India beyond Ganges mentioned by Ptolemy Lancashire Lancastria is a part of that Country which was of old possessed by the Brigantes This County has Westmorland and Cumberland on the North Yorkshire on the East Cheshire on the South and the Irish Sea on the West In length from North to South fifty seven Miles in breadth thirty two containing twenty six Market Towns sixty one Parishes and many Chappels of Ease equal for the multitude of Inhabitants to Parishes Watered with the Rivers Mersey Rible Son all three running from East to West into the Irish Sea and the first serving as a Boundary betwixt this County and Cheshire besides the great Lakes of Merton and Winder which last divides it from Westmorland Where the ground is plain and champaign it yieldeth good store of Wheat and Barley the foot of the Hills is fitter for Oats All is tolerably useful and good except the Mosses or Bogs which yet afford excellent Turffs for firing There is also Marle in many places and in some Trees are found under Ground which have lain there many Ages This County is a Palatinate and has many Royal Privileges belonging to it In the time of Henry of Bullingbroke afterwards King of England the fourth of that name and first of Lancaster the half of the Lands of Bohun Earl of Hereford Essex and Northampton being added to what before belonged to the Honor of this County which was then a Dukedom it became the richest Patrimony that was in the hand of any one Subject in Christendom and in that Prince's Person it was annexed to the Crown of England and never since granted to any Subject whatsoever Lancaster Alione Mediolanum Lancastria The Town which gives name to this County stands on the South Bank of the River Lunne or Lone from which it is supposed to be denominated five Miles from the Irish Seas and towards the Northern Bounds of the County It seems to Mr. Cambden to be the Longovicum of the Romans which was one of their Military Stations Not overmuch peopled and consequently not extraordinarily rich It has a small but fair and strong Castle built on a Hill near the River and one large fair Parish Church with a S one Bridge of five Arches over the River Lon. This Town in 1322. was burnt by the Scots in an inroad they made into England and although it is thereby removed into a better Situation yet it may be presumed to be the less at this day for that Calamity Of the House of Lancaster abovementioned Henry the Fourth Fifth Sixth and Seventh inherited the Crown of England The last of which marrying Elizabeth Daughter and Heiress to Edward IV. of the House of York united those two Houses of York and Lancaster whose competition for the Crown under the names of the Red and the White Roses had caused the effusion of more English Blood than was spent in the Conquest of France Lancaster stands in the Hundred of Loynsdale and returns to the Parliament two Burgesses Long. 20. 48. Lat. 54. 05. Lanceston or Launceston the County Town of Cornwall in the Hundred of East upon the banks of the little River Kensey not far from its fall into the Tamer Well inhabited marketed and traded It returns to the House of Commons two Burgesses Lanciano or Lansano Anxanum the capital City of the hither Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples and an Archbishop's See built five Miles from the Adriatick two from the River Saras now il Sangro about eighty from Naples to the North and a little more from Ancona to the South This City was raised to the Dignity of an Archbishoprick in 1562 and built as is supposed upon the Ruins of the antient Anxanum Long. 38. 55. Lat. 42. 27. Landaff Landava Landuvia a small City and Bishops See in Glamorganshire in Wales seated on the North side of the River Taff. over which it has a Bridge about three Miles from the Irish Sea to the North. The Cathedral and Bishoprick hereof was founded by S. Germanus and Lupus two Holy French Bishops who came twice into Britain to extinguish the Pelagian Heresie about the Year 522. They preferred Dubricius a holy Man to this new-founded See to whom Meuricke a British Lord freely gave all the Land that lies between the Taff and Eleâ— But this See has since met with others of a contrary temper who have reduced it to that Poverty that it is scarce able to maintain its Bishop The present Dr. William Beaw is the LXXVI Bishop consecrated in 1679. June 22. Many Synodal Constitutions we find in the Councils were made and published by the Bishops of this See in antient times Landaw Landavia a City of Germany in the Lower Alsatia in the Territory of Wasgow upon the River Queich in the Confines of the Palatinate of the Rhine four Leagues from Spire to the West Once an Imperial and Free City but by the Treaty of Munster yielded to the French who still have it L'andramiti Adramytium a City of Phrygia in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Ephesus called by the Europeans Andromiti by the Turks Endroinit in which word there is a further account of it Landrecy Landrecium a City in Hainault small but well fortified It is seated at the Fountain of the River Sambre Sabis six Leagues from Valenciennes to the North-East and two from the Borders of Picardy to the North. This has been made at once famous and miserable by the frequent Sieges it has suffered of late But by the Pyrenean Treaty it was put into the hands of the French The Emperor Charles V. besieged it in 1542. for six months with fifty thousand Men and retired from it at last without success The Lands End Antivestaeum Bolerium Ocrinum the most Western Cape or Promontory of England in the County of Cornwal Landshut Landshutum a City of Germany in the Lower Bavaria in the Marquisate of