place but D. Egas Nugnes the Earles Gouernor going foorth with a safe-conduct they so treated as vpon a promise which Don Egas made vnto the King that the Earle of Portugall should take an oath of fealtie as to his Soueraigne he returned satisfied into his Countrey without doing any other exploit but the Earle D. Alphonso Henriques would not performe that which his Gouernor had promised wherefore D. Egas went to the King beeing at Toledo and there presenting himselfe at his feete with a halter about his necke he craued pardon for that which he had promised and could not performe which was that the Earle should do him homage for his Earledome of Portugall whom the King pardoned beeing duly informed that hee had done his best indeanour to effect his promise These wars which were the first the Castillans had against the Portugals written by the Historians of Portugall wherof notwithstanding others make no mention past about the year 1127. D. Theresa for that time had no ease Her sister D. Vrraca made her residence in Saint Vincents church beeing streightly garded yet they say that going one day to Saint Isidores church in Leon to take the treasure which her father and grandfather had giuen vnto that place as she was carrying this prey Death prodigious to D. Vrraca of Castile hauing one foote within and another without the doore shee burst in the middest a worthie and condigne punishment due for the adulteries which shee had committed and the murthers which ensued not long after to the preiudice and dishonour of the Kings house and of all the Christian Estate in Spaine as also for the sacriledge Others say that shee dyed in the Castell of Saldagne beeing brought in bed of a child by stealth So Don Alphonso Raymond remayned destitute and without a mother About that time the king of Castile prouoked by the Moores who were entered into the Territories of Toledo marched farre into their countrey and tooke from them by a long and painefull seege Calatraua taken from the Moores the towne of Calatraua the which he gaue to the Archbishop of Toledo beeing a great fauourer of the Church and Clergie into the which he put a good garrison the which some beleeue were Templers who were wonderfully increased and growne exceeding rich euen in Spaine After which D. Alphonso Raymond tooke from the Infidels Alarcos Caracuel Almodouar del campo and other places whereof he fortfied some and razed others At that time there raigned ouer the Moores in Spaine and Affricke Hâ—li Aben-Tefin the third Miralmumin and last of the Almorauides vpon whom the King of Castile extended his limits vnto the Mountaines called Sierra Morena where he fortified Pedroche then he past into Andalousia with a great army and layd feege vnto the towne of Iaen but it was in vaine for being valiantly defended by the Moores he was forced to retire and returned with his army into Castile This King D. Alphonso had married D. Berenguela Cattelogne daughter to Don Raymond Arnould Earle of Barcelone An. 1131. who dyed in the yeare 1131. hauing held the Earledome eight and forty yeares A little before his death he made himselfe of the Order of Saint Iohn of Hierusalem called the Hospitaliers The Earledome of Prouence was fallen vnto him in the right of his wife D. Doulce and of other lands in France whereof hee caused himselfe to be called Marquis Genealogie of Cattelogne by which Lady he had two sonnes D. Raymond Berenger who succeeded him in the principalitie of Cattelogne and afterward came by marriage to the Crowne of Arragon and D. Berenger Raymond who was Earle or Marquis of Prouence thus ordered by his will of D. Doulce was also borne D. Berenguela Queene of Castille and two other daughters who were married into France The Earledome of Prouence had beene in question betwixt D. Raymond Arnould and the Earle of Tholousa and Saint Giles but their sute after many delayes was ended by accord which was That the lands of Prouence lying betwixt the riuers of Durance and Isera making at this day a part of Daulphine should belong vnto the Earle of Tholousa with the Castell of Beaucaire the Lands of Argence Castell of Bolobrege and the moitie of the cittie of Auignon and of Pont de Sorge the rest should remaine to the Earle of Barcelone According vnto this diuision D. Berenger Raymond did inherit Prouence and there was added that if any of the parties dyed without lawfull heires the other should succeede Among other Articles of D. Raymond Arnoulds restament he ordained that if his heires dyed without lawfull children his daughter Berenguela Queene of Castile and Leon and D. Ximena wife to Roger Earle of Foix should succeed By this noble and vertuous Queene D. Berenguela D. Alphonso king of Castile Genealogie of Castile had foure children D. Sancho who was king of Castile hee was bred vp in his youth and gouerned by D. Gâ—itiere Fernandes de Castro The second D. Fernand who did inherite the Realmes of Leon and Gallicia and two daughters D. Isabella called by some D. Constance wife to the French King Lewis the young the seuenth of that name he that did put away Elenor Countesse of Poictiers heire of Guienne daughter to Count Willyam who after this diuorce married with Henry Duke of Aniou and Normandie who beeing heire to the Crowne of England had long and cruell warres against the French by reason of this Ladies patrimonie the which continued aboue three hundred yeares vnto King Charles the seuenth The second dughter which D. Alphonso had by D. Berenguela was called D. Sancha or by others D. Beacia who was Queene of Nauarre hauing married the king D. Sancho surnamed the Wise or the Valiant as others write There is to be seene among the tombes which are in the great Chappell of the Monasterie of Ogna an inscription of D. Garcia who they imagine was sonne to the sayd D. Alphonso who had a second wise daughter to Vladislaus Duke of Polonia called D. Riâ—a by whome he had one daughter called D. Sancha who was married to D. Alphonso the fixt king of Arragon the second of that name He had familiar acquaintance with two Gentlewomen whereof the one which was called D. Maria brought him a daughter called D. Stephana or Estienette the other which was called D. Gontrude bare him D. Vrraca who was first married to D. Garcia Ramires King of Nauarre and for her second husband she married a wise and valiant Knight called D. Aluaro Rodrigues without any respect of her degree falling from a Queene to be the wife of a simple Knight it may be the Ladies of those times had no such haughtie spirits as they haue at this day or else could not distinguish betwixt vertue and fortune D. Stephana her sister was married to another Knight of the house of Castro whome they called D. Fernand Rodrigues the Castillan from whom issued a sonne called D. Pedro Fernandes de
had the gouernement of the Church who gaue credit to the image of Saint Marie of Nieua and beganne to build the Church thereof the which was afterwards augmented by the Queene Donna Catherina This image was sound by one Peter who for that cause was furnamed Of good aduenture who hauing found it aduertised the bishop It is much reuerenced by the Spaniards who hold that shee doth wonderfull and great miracles The yeare 1400. at what time the Iubile was the Spaniards going about to set vp a An. 1400. great Bell in the Church at Seuile all the people being assembled and the King D. Henry being in the tower a sudden tempest with lightning slue many scattered the rest and amazed the whole citty In the yeare 1401. 1401. there was some likelihood of an agreement betwixt the Kings of France and Castile and Pope Benedict attending the determination of a general Councel The Christian Princes which did acknowledge him besides these were the kings of Arragon Nauarre Scotland Cypres and the Duke of Sauoy The rest of the Potentats did adhere vnto Pope Boniface residing at Rome but Benedict was not long in quiet for the Cardinals and Clergie which were about him whereof the chiefe was Iohn of Nouacastello Cardinall of Ostia borne in Burgondy rebelled against him being fauoured and sollicited by the French yea there were sent to Auignon by the duke of Orleance brother to king Charles Robin of Bracamont and William of Mollon who set guards about the Popes pallace â—â—ards set aâ—out the Popes pallace and kept him as it were prisoner for that hee would not voluntarily relinquish his Popedome But the king of Arragon mediating for him he sent Don Iames Prades his Constable who procured him his libertie and that hee should be obeyed in the Countie of Venice In this tumult there were onely three Cardinals which shut themselues vp with the Pope which were Pampelona Girone and Saint Adrian many men of accompt endured much especially Nauarrois and aboue all Don Martin of Salua Cardinall of Pampelona Don Bertrand of Gramont Pronotarie and Master of the sacred pallace and others This Pope aduanced to the Archbishoprick of Toledo a nephew of his sonne to his brother D. Iohn Martin of Luna beeing Doctor of the Canon law and administrator of the church of Tarragone he was also called D. Pedro de Luna but he was not so soone consecrated The affaires of Castile being reasonable quite the Infant Don Fernand the Kings brother and Duke of Pegnafiel was perswaded by some Noblemen to take vppon him the gouernement of the Realme pretending that the king D. Henries infirmitie and continuall paine was the cause he could not intend it so as many things succeeded not well but this was but a cloake to couer the enuie which they bare to D. Ruy Lopes of Aualos Constable of Castile on whom the king relyed giuing him great authority in all things thoroughout the Realme Famiâ—y of Auaâ— lâ—s issued â—ot of Nauarre This Constable was borne at Vbeda of meane parentage but honest whose auncestors came out of Nauarre he was a man of great courage and singular iudgement in matters of warre or in any other charge that was committed vnto him It therefore grieued these Noblemen of great houses to be commanded by him seeking to thrust forward the Infant D. Fernand to disturbe the State But D. Fernand was no fit instrument for their desseins for if there were euer an obedient brother and patient in all things it was he besides being of a slow spirit affaires of great consequence did ouercharge him neither did he willingly vndertake them Finally he was a louer of peace and enemie to warre and tumults For these causes he reiected them that would haue him gouerne shewing them the inconueniences and scandals which would grow by such enterprises exhorting them that if his brother did not seeme vnto them very profitable by reason of his infirmities they should attend the remedie from the prouidence of God with patience This Prince Don Fernand was as we haue sayd married to D. Leonora Countesse of Albuquerque who was heire to many Estates in Spaine For besides the Earledome of Albuquerque and the fiue townes of Infantazgo the townes of Haro Bironâ— Cerezo Vilhorado Ledesma Codesera Azagala Alconchel Medellin and Alconeta were of her patrimony besides the which king Iohn had giuer her Villalon and Vruegna in exchange of other places She was first called Vrraca but she changed it she was a vertuous Ladie and noble in all her actions hauing many children by her husband as we will shew treating of the affaires of Arragon In the yeare 1403. the riuer of Guadalquibir did so swell as it came ouer the wals of Seuile and couered the houses in the lower parts with great losse of men and goods To preuent which accident the diligence of Alphonso of Toro Gouernour for the iustice of that city is much commended The yeare 1405. 1405. Genealogie of Castile was happie and ioyful to the Castillans by reason of the birth of the Infant Don Iohn heire of those Realmes in the towne of Toro Queene Katherine hauing had before D. Maria at Segobia in the yeare 1401. who was Queene of Arragon A while after she brought the king another daughter called Katherine by the mothers name and was future wife to D. Henry Master of Saint Iames third sonne to the Infant D. Fernand. Pope Boniface the ninth being dead a little before seuen Cardinals did chuse the Archb. of Rauenna called Cosmat borne at Sulmona in the realme of Naples being Cardinal of S. Cruz Innocent the 7. chosen Pope in the place of Boniface the 9 whom they named Innocent the 7. So as the schisme continued stil in the Romish Church His competitor Benedict passed the alpes and came to Genoua to conferre with some Potentates of Italy of the meanes how to cease the schisme Beeing there he did consecrate his nephew D. Pedro de Luna Archb. of Toledo and Primate of Spaine and moreouer made another Archb 9. Bishops and 8. Abbots Hee had in his traine that famous Preacher Vincent of the house of Ferreres of Valencia who then preached in the citty of Genoua and since in many other places and especially in Spaine with a great opinion of holines By the death of D. Diego Hurtado of Mendoça high Admirall of Castile which happened the same yeare there was aduanced to the place D. Alphonso Henriques younger brother to the Earle of Transtamara and to his lands and goods which were as great as any Noblemans in Castile succeeded his sonne D. Inigo Lopes of Mendoça a famous personage D. Iohn of Castile one of the base sons of the king D. Pedro had secretly married himselfe in prison to the daugther of Bertrand Erillo his keeper of whom he begat Peter and Constance Constance was a Nunne in the Monasterie of S. Dominicke the royall of Madrid Peter being condemned to perpetuall prison escaped
of that realme The Ambassador who was Lewis Gonçales of Luna Gouernor of Cordoua found King Mahumet averse to those conditions which the King of Castile demaunded wherefore he returned without any conclusion reporting how little assurance there was of the Moores faith which made the King of Castile to thinke vpon the affaires of that frontier and to man it well sending some presents to the King of Tunes by Lopes Alphonso of Lorca his Ambassador with complaints against the King of Granado intreating him that he would not succor him in the warre which he was resolued to make against him Mahumet Aben-Azar King of Granado was as we haue said restored to his regal seat in the yeere 1429. Moores two yeeres after his exile who shewed himselfe thankefull to the King of Castile for the fauour and aide which he had giuen him in the recouery of his realme sending sundry Ambassages vnto him with offers and thankes but refusing this yeere to pay the tribute and pensions to the King of Castile which he demaunded of friends they became enemies and the warre was begunne by Diego of Riuera Gouernor of the frontier who running through the plaine of Granado tooke aboue two hundred horse and towards Ronda D. Fernando Aluares of Toledo Lord of Val de Corneja did great spoiles vpon the Moores The King of Castile meaning to imploy D. Diego Gomes of Sandoual Earle of Castro Xeris in this warre hee sent for him to court but the Earle distrusting the King retired to Briones a place belonging to Nauarre from whence hee sent to maek his excuse but it was not allowed Wherevpon the King caused his processe to bee made and by a sentence giuen at Zamora hee was condemned by contumacy as a rebell his castle of Castro Xeris was confisked and deliuered by the Captaine thereof to Iohn of Luxan Castro Xeris confisked Ramir of Tamojo and to Doctor Fernand Diâ—s of Toledo whom the King had sent thether The Earle hauing many great men and of the Kings fauorits which hated him durst neuer more appeare in his presence Before he entred into Granado Don Iohn King of Castile Portugal keeping his Court at Medina del Campo was sollicited by the Ambassadors of Portugal to make a perpetuall pâ—ace betwixt the two realmes wherevnto hee consented and it was sworne in the yeare one thousand foure hundred thirty and one by the two Kings and their eldest sonnes and next successors to the Crowne Don Henry of Castile Prince of the Asturiaes and Don Edward of Portugall Peace betwixt Portugal and Castâ—â—e This peace did end all quarrels betwixt Portugal and Castile and continued fortie three yeares to the great good of both realmes This yeare dyed Don Nugno Aluares Pereira first Constable of Portugal by vertue whereof Don Iohn from being Maister of Auiz came to the royall dignity This great personage towards the end of his dayes possest with a superfluous deuotion left the affaires of the world whereas hee mought haue serued God well and beene profitable to the common-weale retyring himselfe into the Monasterie of the Carmelites in the citty of Lisbone which he had built and there he liued very solitarie and simply almost nine yeares The Portugals speake wonders of the almes-deeds fastings prayers and other workes tending to piety of this Noble man as well in his Monasticall life as before Besides the Carmelites at Lisbone he caused S. Georges Church to bee built in the place of battaile at Aljubarote Religious buildings of the Constable Don Nugno Aluares Pereira that of Saint Mary of Villa viciosa the great Chappell of the religious of Saint Augustin in the same place the Church of Saint Mary de Monte Saint Mary of Portel and Saint Mary of Sonsel and others Before hee retired himselfe hee distributed his goods after this manner To Don Diego his grand-child borne of Donna Beatrix his daughter and of Don Alphonso Earle of Barcellos her husband hee gaue the Earldome of Oren with all the lands which hee held in Extremadura at Lisbone and there-abouts To Don Ferdinand his other grand-child borne of the aboue named heire afer his father of the Duchie of Bragance and who succeeded in the Earledome of Arroyolos with all the rents hee had on this side Tayo and Vdiana To Don Isabella sister to his two grand-children maried to the Infant D. Iohn Maister of Saint Iames of Portugal the Kings Sonne who was the second Constable of that realme hee gaue the lands of Lonsada Payua and Tendanes and the Towne of Almadaan with the rents of Loule and to his familiar vassalls and houshold seruants he diuided his money horses armes apparrell and moueables And thus naked and discharged of all temporall goods hee entred into the Monasterie where hee was possest with so strong an opinion to merit heauen by austoritie of life trauell and affliction of his body as hee resolued to seperate himselfe more from the company of men and to liue alone in desarts if the King Don Iohn and Prince Edward his Sonne had not diuerted him shewing how much it would hurt the estimation which all men had of him and of his wisdome wherefore hee contained himselfe in his Monasterie vntill his death which was in the yeare 1431. and 71. of his age The end of the eighteenth Booke SEMPER EADEM THE NINETEENTH BOOKE of the Generall History of Spaine The Contents 1 VVArre betwixt the Castillans and Moores seditions among the Princes Moores 2 Troubles in Castile 3 D. Edward the first of that name and 11. King of Portugal his disposition title of Prince of Portugal first vsurped by the eldest c. 4 Pursute of the warre of Naples after the death of Queene Ioane the second by the Kings of Arragon 5 Combats in Castile and else-where warre of Granado 6 Peace betwixt the Kings of Castile Nauarre and Arragon Alliance betwixt them by the marriage of Prince Henry of Castile with D. Blanch Infanta of Nauarre 7 Vnfortunate warre of the Portugals in Affrike 8 Quarrell betwixt the Princes of Castile and the Constable D. Aluaro de Luna with his Insolencies 9 D. Iohn of Pacheco mignion to Prince Henry of Castile comes to bee the greatest man of the Realme 10 Marriage of Prince Henry and the Infanta of Nauarre the Princes dishability to consummate the marriage New troubles against the King 11 D. Alphonso the fifth of that name and 12. King of Portugal gouerned by his mother and the troubles which ensued 12 Continuance of the quarrels and factions in the court of Castile 13 Successe of the warre of Naples made by D. Alphonso the fifth King of Naples 14 Second marriage of D. Iohn King of Nauarre with D. Ioane Henriques Continuance of the troubles 15 Proceedings against the King of Nauarre and them of his faction Seazure of their goods in Castile Battaile of Olmedo lost by the King of Nauarre Condemnation of his confederats 16 The Constable D. Aluaro de Luna restored
away and forced the towne being taken to flie into Affricke yet he left not to call himselfe King and would haue surprized Ceuta During these things Nauarre Arnaud of Puyane Bishop of Pampelona a Basque by nation held their Synods for reformation of his Clergie Priests allowed to keepe Concubines which was very needfull Two yeares before their had beene a Synode held of many Bishops at Pegnafiel where it was decreed that Priests might keepe Concubines secretly but not openly In Arragon a marriage was treated betwixt the Infant D. Maria Arragon daughter to the king Don Iames and Lewis Hutin the eldest Sonne and then with the Earle of Poictiers second sonne to King Philip the Faire and of the Queene Don Ieanne his wife but it tooke no effect We haue sayd before that the King Don Iames the better to entertaine the peace which he had made with the French raigning in Naples had promised to marrie Blanche the daughter of Charles the Limping Genealogie of Arragon the which he did By this Ladie he had the issue which followes Don Iames his eldest who was married to D. Leonora Infant of Castile but hauing not touched her he sent her home and made himselfe a knight of the order of Saint Iohn of Hierusalem and was afterwards Master of the order of Monteça D. Alphonso his second sonne was king after him Don Pedro the third Earle of Ampurias D. Raymond Berenger Earle of Prages and Ribagorça Don Iohn who was Archbishoppe of Toledo and afterwards Patriarch of Alexandria and Arch-bishop of Tarragone Moreouer D. Constance married to Don Iohn Manuel of Castile sonne to the Infant D. Manuel D. Maria who was wife to Don Pedro Infant of Castile sonne to Don Sancho the 4. D. Blanche a religious woman and a Prioresse of Sixena D. Violant married to the prince of Tarentum and D. Isabella wife to Don Frederick Arch-duke of Austria these were his lawfull children and by his stolne loues he had a daughter which dyed young and Don Iames of Arragon who hauing married the daughter and heire of Don Lope de Luna was Earle of Luna The marriage treated betwixt D. Maria of Arragon Nauarre and the second sonne of France by the meanes of Pope Boniface tooke no effect for that the conditions propounded semed very preiudiciall to Lewis Hutin to whom the succession of Nauarre by right belonged as the eldest the which the Pope and the king of Arragon would haue transferred to the Earle of Poictiers with the Earledomes of Champaigne and Brie and other lands belonging to Queene Ieanne their mother This Donna Ieanne Queene of Nauar a little before her death caused that famous Colledge of Nauarre to be built in Paris endowing it with good rents in Champaigne as well for the entertayning of Regents and Professors in Diuinity and Humanity as of the chappell and Ministers thereof The same Princesse built the towne called Pont de la Roine in Nauarre otherwise called Cares and hauing liued in France one and thirty yeares and neuer returned into Nauarre she died in the yeare 1305. leauing Lewis An. 1305. Philip and Charles who raigned in France and Nauarre successiuely one after another and Isabel who was Queene of England married to Edward the second her children She was buried at the Franciscans in Paris A yeare alter the decease of this Lady King Philip desired to make an allyance with Castille demaunding by his Ambassadors D. Isabel sister to the King D. Fernand but this marriage tooke no effect for some reasons not written some say it was three yeeres after the death of Queene Iane. Lewis Hutin the first of that name six and twentith King of Nauarre 19 LEwis sonne to King Philip and Donna Iane surnamed Hutin first of that name amongst the Kings of Nauarre succeeded his mother in the sayd realme he did not intitle himselfe King vntill hee had beene crowned at Pampelone but onely the eldest sonne and heire of the Realme his surname of Hutin signifies mutin or riotous which he purchased after his comming to the crowne of France or as some say before whether it were that he had beene the cause of contentions or that hee had pacefied them The Queenes death being knowne in Nauarre the Estates assembled at Pampelone where they resolued to send Ambassadors into France to beseech King Philip to send them Lewis his sonne their naturall Prince and hauing written letters to that effect in the name of the Estates they dispatched D. Arnaud of Puyana Bishop of Pampelone and Don Fortun Almorauid Nauarrois send Ambassadors to the King of France and to Lewis Hutin their King who were well and honorably accompanied who being come to the court of France they gaue the Kings to vnderstand the great griefe the people of Nauarre had for the death of their Queene and Soueraigne Lady for whose consolation they besought them that their new King Lewis might goe thither as soone as might bee accompanying this extreame desire of the Nauarrois with necessary reasons for that they had great complaints to make of the gouernment of their Viceroys who had gouerned the affaires of the realme to the great preiudice thereof Whereof the continuall absence of their soueraigne Magistrate was the cause who could not visibly see the Estate of his country and people but was serued by the eyes and eares of others whose reports are commonly false and the truth either concealed or dissembled This request seemed iust vnto the Kings both father and sonne yet King Lewis came not into Nauarre but two yeeres after and in the meane time hee married Marguerite daughter to Robert Duke of Bourgongne with whom hee had in marriage fifty thousand Liuers in siluer and the lands of Gyen vpon Seine of which marriage issued Ieanne who was Queene of Nauarre maried to Philip Earle of Eureux son to Lewis of France by whom the Kings of Nauarre haue pretended right to the Dutchy of Bourgongne against the Kings of France Genealogy of Nauarre for Robert Duke of Bourgongne father to this Marguerite hauing had many children most of them left not any heires and their posterity which had children failed soone there remayning no issue of the house of Bourgongne but that of this Lady married to Lewis Hutin 20 Whilst that the King of Nauarre delaied the time to come into his Realme there were Gouernors or Viceroies after the accustomed manner The great quarrels which had happened in France some yeeres before betwixt King Philp the faire and Pope Bontface the eight had caused many disorders by reason whereof there was a great famine throughout all the realme Pope Boniface had excommunicated King Philip and giuen his realme in prey to him that could take it but hee was a prey to the French who being led by Nogaret of Saint Felix and by the inteligence of Sarra Colonne surprized the Pope at Anania and intreated him so il as soone after for rage and spight hee
such courtesie and modestie he got honour and wealth for himselfe and the Kings his masters vnto whom hee sent great treasures in recompence whereof he was made great Commander of Alcantara Columbus his fourth and last voyage to the Indies Then was the Admirall Columbus permitted to go to sea who departed with foure Caruels set foorth at the Kings cost with an hundred threescore and ten saylers but beeing come to the mouth of the riuer Oçman in the Island of Hispagniola the Gouernour Nicholas d' â—uanda would not suffer him to come into the city of S. Domingo wherfore he sayled to the port Escondido or hidden and after came to the riuer and cape of Fig-trees from whence he ran more then three hundred and seuenty leagues alongst the Southerne coast desirous to find a passage beyond the Equinoctiall he came to a place called Nombre de Dios and from thence returned to Cuba and foorth-with passed to Iamaica where he lost two Caruels In this Iland the Admirall had many crosses for most of his people fell sicke there to the death then they mutined and would haue slaine one another Francisco de Porras Treasurer of his nauie being author of that sedition and besides that the Indians refused to giue him victuals which did greatly trouble him for this he found a present remedie and beeing a good Astronomer he knew that the day following there would bee a great Ecclipse of the Moone Columbus foretels an Eclipse of the Moone to the Indians to feare them he told the idolatrous Indians that if they gaue him not victuals they should all of them die of the plague and for a true token thereof they should the morrow after see the Moone appeare all bloudie the which by reason of the Eclipse became duskie and spotted the Indians were so greatly amazed thereat as they besought the Admirall to pardon them and to reconcile them to the Moone and brought him more victuals then he had need of Hauing remained a yeare in Iamayca the Admirall Columbus returned into Spayne from whence he neuer afterwards did stirre this was his fourth and last voyage to the Indies The same course held king Manuel in his nauigation to the East Indies wherein hee spared no cost Portugal for hauing had ample information of the whole voyage of Calicut by D. Vasco de Gama he had sent thither in the yeare 1500. a Nauie of twelue Carauels vnder the command of Captaine Pero Aluares Cabralde a Gentleman of Portugal followed by other Gentlemen manned with fifteene hundred souldiers carrying along with him fiue Friars and good store of merchandize to exchange for spices and other things which the East produceth all of it according to the order and appointment of Don Vasco de Gama These Caruels hauing sayled in view of the Ilands of the Canaries and arriued at S. Iames as they discouered the Isle of Bresill there appeared to them a Comet with long and fearefull beames towards the East continuing their voyage there arose so great and strange a tempest as by day the water of the sea seemed as blacke as pitch and in the night like to fire which swallowed foure of those shippes the rest of the Naâ—y sayling on in great danger came in sight of cape Double and from thence arriued at Mosambique then sayling towards Melinde and beyond that to Anjauina they came at last within a league of Calicut from whence he beganne to contract with the King of the same countrie but afterwards they fell at oddes which caused losse to either of them Vppon this occasion Pero Aluares Cabralda went into the land of Malabar belonging to the King of Cochin with whome he agreed and found meanes to lade his ships with spices and so returning homewards he touched at the cape of Good hope and from thence to Lisbone where he arriued in Iuly in the yeare 1501. 1501. with sixe Carauels of twelue that hee carried out with him hauing beene in that voyage neere sixteene moneths Before his returne Iohn de la Nueua Gallego Voyage of Iohn de la Nueua a Portugal departed from Lisbon with three shippes and a Caruell for the selfe same voyage of Calicut but King Manuel conceyuing in his mind to find a way to the Isles of Moluccos and those countries where the spices grow he sent the same yeare 1501. a skilfull marriner called Americus Vespucius a Florentine with foure Carauels who passed not much farther then Saint Augustines Cape and without taking notice of the great riuer of siluer or Rio de Plata he returned home The yeare 1502. Don Vasco de Gama An. 1502. Admirall of Portâ—gall was againe sent by the King into the East D Vasco de Gama his second voyage with thirteene shippes and three Carauels manned with great numbers of Gentlemen and souldiers with Merchandizes munitions and victuals and all other things necessarie for so long and painefull a voyage and within few dayes after hee sent other fiue shippes to follow Don Vasco commanded by Stephano Gamo By these were new lands discouered to the great profit and commodity of the nations of Europe This same yeare King Manuel had by his wife Queene Mary Birth of prince Iohn of Portugal a sonne called Iohn who succeeded him in the Kingdome the day of whose birth was rainy and such thunder and lightning on the day of his christening as the Royall pallace was in danger of beeing burned And the yeare following 1503. his daughter the Infanta Izabella was born An. 1503. who came to be Empresse of Germany Birth of D. Isabella and was mother to king Philip the second deceased Don Vasco beeing returned from his luckie and prosperous voyage king Manuel gaue no intermission to that most profitable and honorable nauigation but the Portugals hauing raised warre in the East betwixt the Kings of Calicut and Cochin tooke the King of Cochins part beeing by him receyued and welcommed into his countrie and hauens so as he of Calicut did in short time know that he had greatly erred in wronging his guests The yeare 1504. King Manuel hauing notice of this warre An. 1504. was displeased therewith and set foorth a Nauy of twelue great shippes Voyage of Lopes Suares de Meneses Don Lopes Suares de Mereses beeing Admiral of the same who arriued in safetie at Cochin by meanes whereof they did greatly encrease the renowne of the Portugals and established the trafficke pourchasing their King friends not onely among those Easterne people but also tributarie Princes for his seruants These conquests were pursued by Ferdinand of Almeyda and Alphonso of Albuquerque and other vertuous and valiant Captaines which haue continued those voyages since and by meanes thereof haue carried some knowledge of the name of Iesus Christ to those barbarous and vnbeleeuing people The Court of Castile lying at Alcala de Henares the yeare 1503. the Princesse D. Ioane was there brought in bed of a sonne who
Eylo or Zethon whom we had confined into Ouiedo in the beginning of the raigne of this Alphonso who being made earle or gouernour of Biscaie by the kings bountie would rebell as his brother had done Rebellion of the gouernor of Biscate forcing the king to send an armie against him by the which he was vanquished taken and led to Ouiedo where he ended his dayes in prison This Zeno left two daughters the one called Theude was maried according vnto some to D. Inigo Arista king of Nauarre and the other D. Iniga to the infant D. Suria of whom we shall hereafter speake This was in the yeare 856. All this time and to the yeare 859 Moores Anno 859. there had beene a suspension of armes betwixt king D. Alphonso and the Moores but that yeare king Mahumet went to armes and came and besieged the towne of Coimbra belonging now to Portugal but D. Alphonso forced him to raise his siege and not content therewith entred into the Moores countrey wasted it and returned with great spoyles continuing euerie yeare to annoy them in such sort as they were constrained to accept of a truce for three yeares with the preiudice of their reputations and great disaduantage in their iurisdictions Then there raigned in Sarragosse a Moore called Aben Alfaie The rest of Mahumets raigne vnto his death was spent in voluptuous lust and idlenesse In his time there was a great earthquake in Spaine and a little before his death lightening entring into the Mosquee where he was slew two Noblemen Moores neere vnto him D. Garcia Inigues third of that name and seuenth King of Nauarre 37 About the yeare 867 Nauarre and Arragon vnited as some Authors write died D. Inigo Arista king of Nauarre to whom succeeded D. Garcia Inigues his sonne the third of that name who vnited the countrey of Arragon to Nauarre by marying with D. Vrraca daughter to D. Fortun the last earle or of D. Endregot Galinde of the same house and familie of Arragon He had two sons by this Ladie D. Fortun and D. Sancho Abarca and one daughter called D. Sanctiua or Sancha They write this fable of D. Sancho That the king going inconsiderately with his queene through the mountaines of Nauarre he was surprised by certaine Moores and slaine and the queene ouerthrowne being thrust into the bellie with a Moores launce at such time as she was great with this D. Sancho Some houres after a knight whom they called D. Sancho of Gueuara passing that way met with this pitifull spectacle and saw that the child had thrust forth a hand by the mothers wound and had laboured to come forth there wherefore this knight lighting from his horse made the wound greater so as he drew forth this infant aliue without any harme then he carried it to his house with good witnesses where he caused it to be nourished according to his degree vntill he grew great and then he presented him to the Estates of the realme and made him be acknowledged for their lawfull king But as we say it is like to be a fable and hath no great authoritie yet they say that the surname of Ladron which is peculiar to the house of Gueuara came for that this knight did secretly nourish the infant D. Sancho D. Sanctiua the daughter was maried to king Ordogno the second sonne to Alphonso the great 38 They hold opinion Biscaie That the lords of Biscaie had their beginning at this time in D. Suria whose posteritie was famous for many yeares for after that D. Zeno had beene vanquished and led prisoner as we haue said the Biscaines seeing themselues without a head fell to mutinies and seditions Thither was sent D. Ordogno sonne to king D. Alphonso whom they called Earle of Asturies who began to ouerrun and spoyle the countrey The townes and comminalties assembled to make head against him chusing D. Suria for their captaine who was descended from the bloud royall of Scotland by his mother and had maried a daughter of Cont Zenos called D. Iniga but at that time deceased The forces of either part came to fight in a place called then Padura The battell was sharpe and cruell and for that the whole countrey did swim with bloud the place was from that time called Arrigoriaga which in the countrey language signifies a vermilion stone The Biscaines with the aid and by the valour of D. Sancho Estiguis Lord of Durando who ended his dayes in this battell won it which was in the yeare 870. After this victorie the Biscaines chose D. Suria for their Lord as well for that he was sonne in law to their last Earle and gouernour Zeno by his daughter notwithstanding we doe not read that he had any children as for the valour and good conduct they had seene in him in this warre This D. Suria did presently after marie the daughter of D. Sancho Estiguis in whose right he got the Seigniorie of Durando which was vnited vnto Biscaie whose posteritie did enjoy those lands vntill the time of D. Henrie the second of that name king of Castille and Leon. The linage of D. Suria was called de Haro Castille the old had also an Earle called D. Diego Porcello 39 Mahumet Miralmumin of Cordoua Moores Anno 874. hauing liued some time in peace by reason of the last truce made with the Christians died in the yeare 874 leauing 54 children by his wiues whereof 34 were males and 20 females He had held the kingdome 35 yeares and his death was in the 257 yeare of the Arabians raigne Almundir sixt king of the Moores at Cordoua His sonne Almundir succeeded him who liue but two yeares hauing done nothing worthie of memorie against whom they of Cordoua rebelled notwithstanding that he offered to free them of the tenth part of their tribute which they paid He left six sonnes and seuen daughters Such was the estate of Spaine in the time of king D. Alphonso who had to wife a Ladie of the bloud royall of France called Ameline Ouiedo but they changed her name to D. Ximena by whom he had foure sonnes D. Garcia D. Ordogno D. Fruela who raigned and D. Gonsalo the Archdeacon This king in his later dayes gaue himselfe wholly to workes of pietie building of churches and monasteries indowing them with rents and great reuenewes and adorning them with iewels vessels of gold and siluer and precious ornaments according to the ceremonies brought in and maintained in the Church In the yeare 877 the church of S. Iaques was consecrated at the instance of this king and by the authoritie of Pope Iohn the eighth where many Bishops were present And it is to be noted that in those dayes the citie of Ouiedo was full of Bishops without any flockes for they did chuse Bishops of townes that were in the Moores possession keeping an account of their succssion Ouiedo the towne of Bishops all which did liue in Ouiedo and therfore it was called the
Mediterranean sea which at this day belongs to Granado much frequented of Merchants of diuers nations There he found the sea armie of Count Raymond and the galleys of Genoua which had alreadie attempted it vnder the command of Ansaldo Doria Vbert Torre and other captaines of that common-weale This place was so furiously battered both by sea and land Almerie taken by sorce as it was taken by force yet the Moores beeing retired into a part of the cittie of good strength they were taken to ransome from whom they drew great sums of mony They say that at this prize that great and inestimable Emâ—raud without peere was taken the which is at this day at Genoua and was giuen vnto them for their part of the bootie and in recompence of the great seruice they had done there Emeraud of inestimable price Yet many beleeue that the Geneuois brought it out of Palestina from the towne of Cesarea at which seege they were employed The spoyle sacke of this place was diuided betwixt the Castillans Nauarrois Geneuois and the subiects of the Earle D. Raymond This is all which was done in that voyage from whence euery one retired into his countey rich some by land some by sea The King Don Garcia Ramires accompained his father in-law into Castile where he remayned with great tranquilitie and content the rest of that yeare If the Christian affaires in Spaine succeeded well against the Moores Câ—â—â—cell at Rhâ—ims those in Syria declined much wherupon a Councell was held at Rheims vnder Pope Eugenius the 3. to resolue vpon some meanes to support the estate of the Kings of Ierusalem by some ayde from the Princes of Europe Thither went D. Raymond Archbishop of Toledo as Primate of Spaine who passing by Saint Denis in France obserued in a chappell an Inscription of this tenour Here lyes Saint Eâ—genius the Martyr the first Archbishop of Toledo Beeing returned he reported vnto the Church what he had found whereof the Emperor Don Alphonso and the Kings children were aduertised who together with all the people were exceeding glad for since the death of this holy man they could not learne where his body lay Beeing thus found they of Toledo procured means to haue one of his armes from king Lewis the young It was a remarkable act of Religion in the Archbishop Don Raymond in his voyage to Rheims In our time King Philippe obtayned from Charles the ninth the French King and from Charles Cardinall of Lorraine and Abbot of Saint Denis the rest of the bodie as they say of this Martyr the which was brought to his Church of Toledo where he had gouerned Domiâ—an beeing then Emperour at Rome for they did not know him much in France neither did it serue to any purpose amidst the ciuill or rather vnciuill warres growne for matter of Religion D. Raymond Berenger beeing returned into Cattelogne Arragon and Barcelone hauing the Geneuois army ready and at his commandement he employed it against the towne of Tortose which was held by the Moores the which he beseeged both by sea and land at which seege the Earle left D. William Raymond of Moncada Seneshall of Cattelogne for his Lieutenant generall whilest that he made a voyage to Barcelone to pacifie some seditions which were risen in that extie Such was the diligence of the Seneshall and Geneuois as by the 30 day of the seege after many sharpe assaults giuen and valiantly defended the towne was taken Toriose taken by the Arragonois and soone after D. Pedro de Semenate arriuing with fresh supplies the castell was also taken the Geneuois had their part of the spoyle for the good seruices they had done vnto the Earle And the Authours of the Arragon Historie write that a third part of the towne was giuen in fee to the Seneshall D. William Raymond of Moneado and another third part to the common-weale of Genoua which portion was afterwards redeemed by the Eaâ—le D. Raymond Berenger for 16000. Marauidis Maroquins a kind of mony which was then currant leauing vnto the Geneuois the Iland of Saint Laurence and granting vnto all the Inhabitants of the citty of Genoua and of the iurisdiction the which was limited by Porto venere towards the East and by Monaco vppon the West along the sea shore exemption of all Imposts and customes Henrico Guercio Marin Moro William Lusio and others beeing then Gouernours of the Common-weale Whilest the Earle was busie at this warre VVarre betwixt Nauarre and Arragon the King of Nauarre brake the truce made at Saint Estâ—enne de Gormas for that the King Don Garcia hauing caused the Emperour Don Alphonso and other Noblemen and Prelates to perswade and aduise the Earle to relinquish the pretensions which hee vaunted to haue to the Realme of Nauarre hee would not do it but threatened to poursue it when oportunitie serued wherefore the Nauarrois did ouer-runne the Countrey of Arragon and tooke the Towns of Thauste and Fayos where they put good Garrisons to serue as a frontier against the Arragonois It is no wonder Pâ—rtugal if in all these attempts of the Christian Princes in Spaine against the Moores the new King of Portugall did not ioyne with the rest for that hee was in disgrace and out of fauour with the Emperour D. Alphonso who held him as an vâ—urper of the Estate of D. Theresa his mother and moreouer of the title of a king in a Prouince which was subiect to the Soueraigntie of Leon. King D. Alphonso Henriques hauing liued now 52. yeares without a wife he married in the yeare 1146. D. Malfada Manriqua de Lara daughter to the Earle D. Manrâ—qtâ—ue Lord of Molina a great Nobleman of Castile by whom he had one sonne named D. Sancho who succeeded him in the Realme of Portugall and the Infanta D. Vrraca who was married first to D. Fernand the 2. of that name Gencalogie of the Moores King of Leon and Gallicia and from them issued D. Alphonso King of the same Realmes father to the King D. Fernand the 3. of Castile and Leon a marriage notwithstanding which was broken by reason of their proximitie of bloud and for that they were married without a dispensation King D. Alphonso Henriques had another daughter by D. Malfada called D. Theresa maried to Philip Earle of Flanders the first of that name and one called Malfada as the mother Besides these lawfull children the King of Portugall had one bastard before he was married whom they called D. Pedro Alphonso of Portugall Soone after his marriage beeing importuned by the continuall complaints of his subiects for the spoyles which the Moores of Saint Iren committed in his countrie he resolued to beseege that place but he preuailed more by policie then happily he should haue done by open force for marching thither in the night after that he had made a vow passing by that place where as now stands the royall monasterie of Alcouaça to build a Monasterie there
King D. Sancho vntil that their victuals beganne to faile them During this siege the Deputies of the Prouince of Guipuscoa came to D. Alphonso King of Castille making offer that if he would goe thether in person they would yeeld vnto him hauing long desired to bee vnited to the crowne of Castille for that they were ouercharged by the Kings of Nauarre whose fortunes they had followed seuentie seuen yeeres This offer was very pleasing vnto D. Alphonso as a matter of great aduantage wherefore leauing D. Diego Lopes de Haro to continue the siege of Victoria he went in person to Guipuscoa which Prouince put it selfe vnder his protection Guipuscoa yeelded to the King of Castille and of the Kings of Castille vpon certaine conditions and deliuered into his hands the forts of Saint Sebastien and Fontaraby with the castle of Veloaga which is in the valley of Ojarçun which frontierd vpon France a fit place to assure him a passage if need were into Guienne which was then held by the English for that hee had married a Princesse of England Besides these places they gaue him the castle of Athau vpon the frontiers of Nauarre which is now ruined the castle of Achoros Val du L'eniz and the castle of Arrasate called at this present Mondragon vpon the frontiers of Biscay with the fort which was then built vpon the mountaine of Helosua the ruines whereof are to bee seene at this day which mountaine is in the iurisdiction of the towne of Vergara and is otherwise called Arizona This D. Alphonso King of Castille obtained this prouince of Guipuscoa without force and so returned wonderfully content to the siege of Victoria which continued stil the besieged hauing spent al their victuals who by daily messengers did sollicit D. Sancho their King aduertising him of their extremity whereby they should be forced to fall into their enemies hands if hee did not preuent it but hee beeing ignorant of all that had past in his country beeing absent ill disposed and without good councell aduised them to yeeld vnto the King of Castille vpon the best conditions they could Hauing receiued this answere the besieged held out senenteene daies longer attending if the King had not taken some better aduice but seeing there came nothing from him whereby they might hope of releefe Victoria taken by the King of Castille beeing extremely prest with hunger and want of all things they yeelded the towne the which for the scituation and fortification was held impregnable By the taking of Victoria the King of Castille was maister of that other Prouince of Alaua the country of Araya yeelded vnto him he tooke Irrurita Maragnon Saint Croix and all the valley of Campeso King D. Alphonso made this goodly conquest in the yeere 1200. part by force and part by a voluntary yeelding and did greatly diminish the realme of Nauarre although that some places submitted themselues againe vnder the obedience of the King D. Sancho neither did the Prouince of Alaua euer receiue any law from Castille except Victoria and Treuigno To assure himselfe the better of the Guipuscoans and to gralifie them also the King of Castille caused to bee re-edefied vpon the sea coast of that Prouince the townes of Guetario and Motrico the which hee did fortifie and indow with great preuiledges after all these things the King of Nauarre arriued at Carthagena and slipt through Arragon into his country bringing great treasure with him out of affrike at what time D. Alphonso had newly besieged Estella the which was freed from siege vpon the bruite of his comming so great power and reputation hath the name of a king that is present but if he had staied longer in Affrike his country of Nauarre had beene wholy lost Nauarre sends Ambassadors to Castille hauing visibly seene the great harme which the King D. Alphonso had done him hee sent Ambassadors vnto him to desire him to restore him that which hee had taken from him in his absence against al law and iustice and against the accustomed manner of making warre in that age full of loyalty but the King of Castille entertained him with delaies and doubtfull answeres 32. Whilst that D. Caâ—â—â—â— Sancho considers of his losses and of the best meanes to repaire them the King of Castille great mighty and redoubted being allied to him of Arragon and hauing a truce for many yeeres with Aben Ioseph hee beganne to repaire the ruines which the Arabians had made he restored the city of Plaisance Bejar and other places of the country ruined he did the like to Mirabel Segura de la Serra Monfredo Moya and many other places of the realme of Toledo hee also built Aquilar del Campe in Castille and moreouer in Guipuscoa he built the towne of Castro d' Ordiales Laredo Saint Ander and Saint Vincent de la Barquera About the yeere 1201. An. 1201. there was a peace treated of betwixt Iohn successor to Richard King of England and King Philip Augustus of France at Boutauant in Normandy by the which amongst other Articles a marriage was concluded betwixt the Infanta D. Blanche the daughter of D. Alphonso King of Castille Marriage betwixt Lewis of France and D. Blanche of Castille and Queene Elenor sister to the King of England with Lewis eldest sonne to Philip and heire of the realme of France for the which Ambassadors were sent from both Kings into Castille they were made sure by a Deputy for Lewis in the city of Burgos with great feasting and state and the Infanta was conducted by the King her father and other Noblemen of Castille vnto the frontiers of Guienne where the Deputies for the French King did receiue her for whose dowry there was assigned by King Iohn her vncle all the places which were in question betwixt him and the French King whereof the sayd French King was in possession in the Dutchies of Normandy Brittaine and Aniou At the same time D. Alphonso King of Leon seperated by the authority of Pope Innocent from D. Theresa of Portugal his wife sent to demande D. Berenguela the King of Castilles other daughter whereof by reason of the discords which were betwixt these two Kings the father made some difficulty yet vanquished by the perswasions and intreaty of Queene Elenor who desired as much to see her daughter weare a crowne as a peace betwixt Castille and Leon he yeelded vnto it and these two Princes meeting to that effect in the towne of Vailledo it the marriage was celebrated assigning her for her dowry the lands taken the yeere before from the king of Leon except Carpio and Monreal which remained to Castille Of this marriage was borne the Infant D. Fernand who succeded in the Realmes of Castille and Leon. Thinke that the Popes dispensation was not obtained for this marriage for being cousin germains remoued children of the vncle and nephew Pope Innocent the third did seperate them In the yeere 1202. Casfille and 1203
either of his other three children 10000. Marauidis of gold and 250. Markes of siluer to his Bastards 7000. Marauidis of gold and certaine Markes of siluer The rest he ordained shold be employed to charitable vses as to build and indow Monasteries and Hospitals to redeeme captiues and to make Chalices Crosses and such like ornaments He also ordained to haue the bridge of Coimbra and the house of Saint Ladre built neither did hee forget the Apostolike Romaine Sea for he did bequeath vnto Pope Innocent the third an hundred Markes of gold and there was not any Church in his Kingdom but tasted of his bountie He was interred in the chappell of Saint Croix of Coimbra neere vnto the Queene Donna Aldoncia his wife from whence he was afterwards remoued into the Arch of the great chappell In the same Monastery are buried D. Henry D. Sancha Donna Blanca D. Berenguela and D. Constance his children D. Alphonso the 2. of that name the third King of Portugall AFter him D. Alphonso his son held the scepter of Portugal who was then about 27. yeares old 1212. Gencalogic of Portugall and was crowned in the citty of Coimbra And for that he was big fat and vnweldie of his person they surnamed him the Grosse he was alreadie father of two children D. Sancho and D. Alphonso whereof the second married Matilda heire to the Earle of Bologne in France besides these he had by his wife D. Vrraca of Castile Don Fernand who was Lord of Serpa and married to the daughter of the Earle D. Frenand of Lara of Castile called D. Sancha Fernandes from whom issued a daughter which was Queene of Denmarke into which Realme D. Elenor daughter to this king D. Alphonso was first married Besides these lawfull children the king had company with a Moore of whome he begot D. Alphonso Martines D. Alphonso at his first entrance had great lars with his sisters for the hee would haue taken from them the lands which his father had giuen them for their portions whose quarrell D. Alphonso king of Leon did imbrace and sent his sonne D. Fernand accompanied by D. Martin Sanches brother to these Ladies for his guide being very young with an armie who took from the king of Portugal Valencia of Minio Melgaçon Hulgoso Frexo and other places this war was afterwards ended by the commandement of Pope Innocent who threatened to censure the kings of Portugal and Leon if they made not a peace to take armes against the Mores who were enemies to the true Catholike Religion from whom about that time and as the armie of Castile was dissolued after the battell of Muradal D. Pedro king of Arragon tooke Castelfabid and Ademus which are in the Realme of Valencia 37 Wee haue sayd before Arragon that this king had a sonne by his wife vnthought of who was called Iaime this Infant was much enuied and his life sought by his Vncles of either side who wished there had issued no heire from Don Pedro and Donna Mary Countesse of Montpellier that they might haue succeeded to their Estates a murtherous and couetous desire which did chiefly possesse Don Fernand Abbot of Montarragon Wherefore they did breed vp Don Iayme carefully and as much as they could out of danger the king his father was aduised to send him into France to bee kept by some Noble man his friend where hee might be more safe then in Spaine wherefore hee gaue him to Simon Earle of Montfort to bring vp in whome he had great confidence but hee abused him for warre beeing attempted against the Albigeois in the which the Earles of Tholousa were ingaged Don Pedro king of Arragon and the Earle of Montfort grew enemies and were in armes one against another the Earle beeing made Generall against them of Albi and their adherents and the king Don Pedro fauouring the Earles of Tholousa father and sonne who had married his sisters The euent was as the Histories of Spaine report that the Earle of Montfort who had conceiued a great hatred against the Earles of Tholousa hauing then great forces from the French king vnder colour of making warre against the Albigeois which were fallen from the Church of Rome hee entred in hostile manner into the Earles countrie whereof the king of Arragon beeing aduertised by his brother-in-law hauing vntill then taken part with the Earle of Monfort in this quarrell of the Albigeois he turned against him hauing first aduised him but in vaine and caused the Pope to admonish him that vnder the pretext of warre against the Albigeois who were declared Heretickes he should not reuenge his priuate quarrels D. Pedro beeing passed into France and meaning to beseege Symon of Montfort in the castle of Muret which place he meant to abandon there happened a furious skirmish among them where as the king of Arragon was slaine vpon the place and with him Don Aznar D. Pedro king of Arragon slain in France 1213. and Pedro Pardo father and sonne Don Games de Luna Don Michel Luesia Michel Rada and many other Noblemen of Arragon the Earle of Montfort retired safe with his men Such was the pittifull end of this King Don Pedro in September 1213. hauing raigned happily and in great reputation eighteene yeares three moneths and 20. dayes his bodie has carried to the Monasterie of Sixena founded by the Queene his mother The Albigeois warre continued the end whereof you may see in the Histories of France They were people which opposed themselues against the Popes Supremacie and hunane inuentions brought in to the Christian Religion taught first by one called Amaulry in the towne of Alby and thereabouts against whom the Pope incensed Christian Princes In this action Dominicke a Chanoine of Osma did great seruice to the Romish Church Dominicke of Osma author of the Order of lacobins beeing brought into France by D. Diego his Bishop whom the Pope did send his Legat for the effect The Vniuersitie of Paris did also condemne the opinion of the Albigeois but Dominick relying not much vppon disputations and reasons perswaded all Princes and their subiects to armes as beeing the most expedient meanes for the which he was canonized and put in the catalogue of Saints It was he which brought in the Order of preaching Friars Our French Histories say that Don Pedro fauoured the Albigeois and yet those of Spaine giue him the title of Catholike In his time beganne the Impost for Beeues and other cattell in Cattelogne which was after his returne from the battaile of Muradal as well by reason of the great expences of the warre as for the great summes disbursed for the marriages of Don Pedro's three sisters Don Iames the first of that name the eighth King of Arragon 38 DOn Iames or Iaime his sonne was then in the power of the Earle of Montfort in the towne of Carcassone the which did much trouble the Arragonois and Castellans who laboured all they could to haue their Prince but it auayled
betwixt Don Diego Lopes de Haro and Don Iohn Nugnes de Lara was suspect vnto the king he sought in the meane time to breede and stirre vp some iealousie and diuision betwixt them gratifying Don Diego in many things making his Sonne Don Lopes Diaz de Haro Lord Steward of his house but it was not possible to diuide them neither could Don Diego by any meanes bring Don Iohn Nugnes in fauour with the king who was resolued to make warre against him against the opinion of the Queene his mother and all his Councell so as hee was forced and constrained to dislodge hastily in the night from Aranda of Duero and came to Don Diego Lopes and his sonne who altogether made a league and confederacie against the king Whereuppon there were many enterprises and incounters without any great effect so as beeing returned to Aranda and the king not able to draw Diego from that partie there was a day appointed to meet at Cerezo and in the meane time a truce was made There Don Alphonso Perez de Guzman who did negotiate for the king preuailed so with them of the league and the Queen-mother with the king D. Fernand her son who atattended the resolution of this assembly in the towne of Pancoruo that all these that is to say the Lords of Haro father and sonne and D. Iohn Nugnes should remaine his seruants and he receiued them into grace yeelding vnto them all they were wont to enioy and they for a gage of their faith deliuered some places in pawne Don Iohn of Castile who pursued the Seigneurie of Biscay was not pleased with this accord wherefore he did presse the king to haue the sentence giuen by him in fauour of D. Maria Diaz his wife put in execution wherewith the king was much troubled and both he the Queene and others of the Councell sought by all meanes to agree these parties contending who were resolued to go to armes to preuent the which the king made many great offers vnto Don Diego Lopes the which he refused but afterwards he repented it often There was so great labouring for a peace and especially by the Queene-mother as in the end they yeelded to this composition That Don Diego Lopes should during his life enioy the Segneurie of Biscay and lands belonging thereunto and that after his decease the possession should be giuen to Don Iohn and to D. Maria his wife or to their heires except Vrdugna Val de Balmeseda and S. Olalla which three places should remaine to Don Lope Diaz de Haro sonne to D. Diego to whom moreouer the king should giue for the entertayning of this peace Miranda of Ebro and Vilalua of Losa D. Diego Lopes yeelded to these conditions to please the king though vnwillingly The troubles and seditions wherewith the Realme of Castile was afflicted at that time Miserable Estate of Castile was a plague which humane policie could not preuent for when as one fire was quenched another was suddenly kindled so as these miseries continuing men perished the treasures were wasted and Christians ruined one another in these cuill warres giuing meanes and leysure to the Moores of Granado to assure their Estates who furnished themselues with such store of munition and built so many forts towers and castels vppon the sea coast as they maintained themselues for many yeres against all the attempts of their enemies D. Iohn Nugnes de Lara was not pleased to see an accord made betwixt D. Diego Lopes and the Infant D. Iohn of Castille wherefore he retired from Court and fortified himselfe in Tordehumos where he was beseeged by the king but in the end the King was forced to giue him Moja and Cagnette and to receiue him againe into fauour seeing his vncle D. Iohn to hinder the seege vnder-hand caused the Knights to disband yet for all this they liued not long in peace for all these seditious men although they had many quarrels among themselues yet they agreed in this point to keepe the Realme in perpetuall combustion The Infant D. Iohn and D. Iohn Nugnes did afterwards make a league against the king vppon a false aduertisement that the king meant to kill them whereupon they troubled the State againe so as they had great difficulty to retire the Infant D. Iohn from this enterprize but as for D. Iohn Nugnes he continued in his rebellion and would not come to the Estates held at Burgos where there was question to treate of the kings patrimony and the reuenues of the Crowne which were greatly impaired Mahumet Aben Alhamar the third king of Granado THe Moores as I haue sayd during these garboiles Granado did fortifie themselues in Granado ouer whom raigned Mahumet Aben Alhamar the third king and third of that name by the decease of his father Mahumet Myr who at his death had left two sonnes the which raigned one after another and one daughter The younger was called Mahumet Aben-Nacar Aben-Lemin Abeadille King Mahumet during his raigne was blind by an accident his sister was married to a great kinght a Moore called Ferrachen Arraez or Captaine of Malaga who was alwaies much esteemed by the king and honoured for his vertue This Ferrachen vsurped the towne of Ceuta in Affrick and did great exploits both by sea and land He had many children by his wife who was Infant of Granado among the which were Ismael and Mahumet who raigned in Granado as we will hereafter shew This king Mahumet Aben Alhamar being blind had from his entrance continued the war by his captaines against the Christians the which had been begun in his fathers life time and tooke Bethmar and other places during the broyles in Castile Wherefore for a time he exempted himselfe of the tribute which his predecessours had payed to the kings of Castile but the king Don Fernand in the yeare 1304. hauing as hath beene sayd renewed their League and sent Fernand Gomez of Toledo his Chancelor with a Iew called Samuel to Granado to demand the tribute where they treated a truce with Mahumet whereat Mahumet was well pleased and they did agree that either should enioy the places which they had taken one from another that is the king of Castile Tariffe and the king of Granado Alcandete Quesada Bedmar and others and that the yearely tribute should be payed to the king of Castile Which Articles were signed by king Mahumet and the Ambassadors and afterwards confirmed by the king D. Fernand in the citty of Cordoua whether was sent to that end from the king of Granado an Alfagui called Mahumet This truce continued about foure yeares during the which the Moores were carefull to furnish their countrie with all things necessary to repell the inuasions of their forraine enemies yet had they troubles among themselues for Mahumet beeing growne contemptible among his subiects by reason of his blindnesse Aborrabe an audacious Moore who was Gouernour of Almery began to tyrannize and to vsurpe the title of King and although he were chased
them free with the forts in the hands of the Estates to inuest them to whom by right it should belong 10 That if they infring any of these Articles or any part of them the subiects should be quit of their oth of subiection which they ought them These Articles being promised and sworne by the King and Queene they were sollemnly crowned and the Deputies of the Estates Noblemen and Officers of the crowne tooke their oth of obedience Coronation of Philip of Eueâ—euâ— in the Cathedral chruch of Pampelone And afterwards there were orders set downe by the King and Queene for the Gouernment of the Realme the which being written were sent into France and confirmed by King Philip of Valois at Paris the same yeere of our Lord 1329. After that time the French Kings had no command in Nauarre hauing held that realme eight and fifty yeeres vnited to the crowne of France yet King Philip of Valois retained of the inheritance of his cousin the Countesse of Bry and a while after hee gaue them other lands in exchange yet not of that value Philip and Ieanne King of Nauarre had these children following Genealogy of Nauarre Charles who succeded in the realme Philip Earle of Longueuille Lewis Earle of Beaumont le Royer and afterwards Duke of Duras Ieanne married to the vicont of Rohan Mary Queene of Arragon wife to D. Pedro the ceremonious Blanche Queene of France last wife to Philip of Valois and Agnes Countesse of Foix married to Gaston Phaebus some of which were borne before their Election and some after Lewis the third sonne of this marriage was Earle of Beaumont in Normandie for that he married the heire of that house by whom he had one sonne called Charles of Beaumont who married the daughter of the Vicont of Mauleon in Nauar Beginning of the house of Beaumont in Nauarre and was the first Standard-bearer of the realm through the fauour of King Charles his vncle Of this Charles of Beaumont is descended the house of Beaumont in Nauarre After the death of the Countesse of Beaumont Lewis married Ieanne daughter and heire to the Duke of Duras vpon the coast of Macedonia towards the Adriatike sea and was intitled Duke These things being done in Nauarre King Philip being aduertised that the French King marched with a mighty army against the Flemings rebelled who had chased away Lewis their Earle and committed many insolencies against the Kings Officers both in words and deeds he parted out of Nauarre beeing loath to faile him at need who had so kindly suffered him to take possession of the Realme leauing the Queene D. Ieanne to gouerne Nauarre He was present at the battaile which King Philip of Valois gaue the Flemings at Cassel whereas twenty thousand were slaine vpon the place by meanes whereof Count Lewis was restored to his Estate and the Flemings subdued This warre being ended the King of Nauarre returned into his realme It was then that the Infant D. Alphonso de la Cerde sonne to D. Fernand eldest sonne to King D. Alphonso of the Astrologuer being ill intreated in Castille Donation made by the Infant D Alphonso de la Cerde to the Kings of Nauarre where he pretended the crowne made a donation vnto the crowne of Nauarre of the rights which he pretended in Guipuscoa Alaua Rioja and other lands the which had in former times belonged to Nauarre and were vsurped and retained by the Kings of Castille Some affirme that this donation was made in the yere of our Lord 1330. But howsoeuer King Philip desirous to do Iustice to gouerne his Realm wel which had great need and therefore was necessary to entertaine peace with his neighbours made no great account thereof at that time but sent Ambassadors to D. Alphonso then raigning in Castile Ambassadors sent from Nauarre to Castille to seeke his friendship The Ambassadors found the King at Talauera la Reyna who entertained them well Their Ambassage was that the Realme hauing many yeeres wanted the Soueraigne Magistate and in a manner abandoned by their Kings it was no wonder if many things had happened contrarie to the ancient alliances betwixt the houses of Castille and Nauarre for what did the Viceroys and Gouernors care beeing strangers hauing no resemblance of manners nor other bond of friendship with the Spaniards how all things went so as they were obeyed in the country and that they might vaunt they had rather done wrong then receiued any keeping continuall garrisons of strangers ready to commit any insolencies whereof God had some times shewed his Iudgement euen in the last incounter neere vnto Beotibar where by an extraordinary and miraculous punishmen God had chastised the negligence of the foure last Kings which had held the realme of Nauarre who had respected it so little as they had scarce looked towards it yea the two last neuer came nere it which had made the bad to grow more insolent and so to continue vntill that the lawfull heires of the crowne of Nauarre were come to their possession by the decease of King Charles the Faire Philip Earle of Eureux husband to their true Queene D. Ieanne being called to raigne who had sent this Ambassage vnto him to let him vnderstand these things as a neighbour Prince and friend with whom they desired to entertaine peace and friendship by all good offices which Princes and neighbour Estates may receiue one from an other The King D. Alphonso hauing heard this Ambassage fitted vnto the deseignes of the new Kings of Nauarre moderating the things which had past betwixt these two realms before their Election answered that hee was glad the Nauarrois had had meanes to recouer them for their Kings to whom the crowne did by right belong and that for his part he desired to entertaine a perpetuall friendship with King Philip and Queene Ieanne and to shew it by the effects in any occasion that should be offered wherewith he would acquaint his subiects to the end their Kings vassals both Nauarrois and French should be well intreated in Castille and if any wrong were done them it should bee repaired and that they should aduertise their Kings on his behalfe to doe the like in thier countries The Ambassadors returning with this answere gaue great contentment to King Philip who to administer Iustice erected a new Court of Parliament in Nauarre the which was called New to distinguish it from the Old hee and the three Estates of the realme naming men worthy of that charge The like Ambassage was sent by him into Arragon and Portugal who were returned with pleasing answers Matters beeing thus setled in a better Estate then before Ambassadors from Nauarre to Arragon and Portugal the King and Queene returned into France leauing for Gouernor a French gentleman called Henry of Guliac or of Solibert but with a more lymited power then former Viceroys and Gouernors Such was the Estate of Nauarre vnto the yeere 1331. Let vs now returne
both captaines and souldiars ranne like madde men one vpon an other with greater obstinacy then against their enemies and many were cruelly slaine so as this rage had a manner ruined the Arragonois Estate in that Island but God had otherwise decreed for the Pisans beeing very weake and brought low with the long precedent warres Pisans quit the Island of Sardinia which they had sustained both against the Geneuois and Arragonois did quit the Island of Sardinia by an agreement made betwixt the King of Arragon and their Senat in the yeere of our Lord 1326. so as the towne of Sassari was yeelded to the Arragonois Pisans quit the Island of Sardinia the Marquis of Malespina surceasing and promising to be obedient to the King and his Lieutenants Thus the Kings of Arragon became Lords of Sardinia without contradiction for a time but in their owne country of Cattelogne and Valencia there wanted no troubles and quarrels which grew amongst the Noblemen of the country Troubles and quarrels where is much idle Nobility beeing an ordinary thing that whereas there is great store of idle Nobilitie there is alwaies 〈◊〉 and contention to the oppression of the people D. Arnaud Roger Earle of Palliars and Raymond Folch Vicout of Cardona were then in armes one against an other by reason of a murther committed on the person of D. William Queralt whereof the Earle of Palliars was accused and either of them hauing a great troupe of friends and Partisans held allattelogne in confusion with their horrible insolencies In the country of Valencia D. Iames Lord of Xerica was in quarrell with his owne mother D. Beatrix of Loria and would haue put her out of her lands and possessions so as this quarrel did in a manner diuide the King and his sonne D. Alphonso the one supporting the mother and the other the sonne The soueraigne should alwaies be a Iudge and not a Partisan in his subiects quarrels These quarrels were reconciled with much paine for when as the Souveraigne Magistrate doth medle in his subiects quarrels and of a iudge becomes a Partisan his authority leanes to the one side and the remedies are more difficult and lesse effectuall D. Iames of Xerica during these troubles married the widowe Queene of D. Sancho of Majorca whose name was Mary sister to Robert King of Naples a woman of an vnchast life In the yeere of our Lord 1327. Don Iames the Young of Majorca did homage for the Islands and Land which the held as well in Cattelogne as on this side the mountaines to the King of Arragon as to his soueraigue in the presence of Don Philip his vncle and Tutor Don Pedro and Don Raymond Berenger the Kings children Caston of Moncade Bishoppe of Huesca and many others and within few daies after Don Iames King of Arragon died in the towne of Barcelona hauing raigned sixe and thirty yeeres foure monthes and a halfe A Prince rather inclined to good then bad to whom learning and learned men owe the foundation of the Vniuersitie of Lerida in Cattelogne seuen and twenty yeeres before his death which hee endowed with many preuiledges and would haue that alone throughout all his dominions forbidding all other schooles but for Grammer and Logicke His bodie lies buried in the Monastery of Santa Cruz. D. Alphonso the fourth of that name the twelfth King of Arragon DOn Alphonso his sonne succeeded him to whom was giuen the surname of pittifull Hee was not the eldest but that Don Iames his eldest brother quitting in his fathers life time the succession of the crowne of Arragon as wee haue said entred and inuested himselfe into that Order of Knights of Saint Iohn of Ierusalem Hee was King This was his issue During his fathers life Genealogy of Arragon hee married first Donna Therefa of Entenza Countesse heire of Vrgell by whom hee had the Infant Don Pedro borne at seuen monthes end who was King and he Infant Don Iames Earle of Vrgell and Vicont of Ajar and moreouer foure other sonnes and one daughter who died verie yong and are interred at Sarragossa in Saint Francis Church with their mother Donna Constance who was wife vnto Don Iames the last King of Majorca Donna Theresa had not the title of a Queene for that shee died foure daies before the King Don Iames her father in lawe Beeing King hee tooke to his second wife Donna Leonora of Castille daughter to the King Don Fernand the fourth who was mother to Don Fernand Marquisse of Tortoça who married at Ebora Donna Maria of Portugal daughter to the King Don Pedro and was slaine by the commaundement of his brother raigning an Arragon hee had also by her Don Iohn who died in Castille Don Alphonso beeing come to the crowne hee gaue the countrie of Vrgel and other Lands to his second sonne Don Iames. Comming to Saragossa where the generall Estates were assembled hee tooke and receiued a reciprocall oth according to the auncient custome of Kings his predecessors and was crowned King in the yeere of our Lord 1328. in which yeere were crowned in Nauarre Philip of Eureux in France Philip of Valois and at Rome the Emperour Lewis of Bauaria At this Coronation of King Don Alphonso did assist with the Deputies of the Estates Don Iames of Arragon Lord of Xerica Don Pedro Iuge of Arborea Don Raymond Folc Vicount of Cardona Don Arnauld Roger of Mataplane Earle of Palliars Don Alphonso Fernandes of Arragon Lord of Ixar Don Lope de Luna Don William and Berenger Anglesol Don Iohn Ximenes of Vrrea Don Pedro Ceruel Don William Ceruillon Don Othon of Moncado and Don Othon of Fosses with other Noblemen There were aboue two hundred and fiftie Knights made with the ceremonies accustomed in those times where there was present the Ambassadors of Iohn King of Bohemia called Henry Bomallia who brought a promise from his Maister that hee would come into Spaine to make warre against the Moores with the King of Arragon the which he did not The warre which Arragon made against the Infidells King of Arragon makes warre against the Moores of Affricke was more in Affrike then in Spaine for the opportunity of Sardinia did inuite the Kings of Arragon for to raise their powers and make warre against the Moores which commaunded at Tunes Bugie and Tremessen Notwithstanding beeing mutined againe by the perswasion of the Geneuois this yeere a truce was made betwixt the King of Arragon and Abubacar pettie King of Tunes and Bugia and Abduria Hamen King of Tremessen The Court beeing at Daroca about the end of this yeere an Edict was made that for tenne yeeres no towne castle gouernment nor any customes imposts or places of Iustice whatsoeuer should bee giuen or alyenated from the reuenewes of the Crowne the which the King seeking afterwardes for to breake it caused great alterations and tumults Don Iames King of Maiorca did a new homage to King D. Alphonso for his realme and other lands
Iohn Infants of Arragon with many other knights followed him He tooke D. Maria of Padilla from Montalban brought her to Toledo These that were about him preuayled so by their intreaties as he returned to Vailledolit to his wife but he stayed but two dayes and went away againe leauing the Lady much perplexed at these strange courses The Queene D. Blanche retired with the Queene-mother to Tordesillas and the king returned to D. Mary of Padilla who entertained the hatred and dislike which the king had of his wife that shee alone might enioy him It is written by Diego of Valera that among all the precious iewels which the Queene had brought out of France there was a rich girdle which she presented to the king her husband the which D. Mary of Padilla hauing in her power she found out a Iew Girdle inchanted a Magitian which did inchant it so as when the king would put it on beeing amazed and demanding what Prodigie it might be his minions who were allyed to his concubine answered that they were the goodly presents which this French Gentlewoman had brought him Whereupon he was much incensed against this poore Lady In the meane time D. Tello the kings base brother married D. Ieanne the eldest daughter of D. Iohn Nugnes de Lara deceased whereuppon by this marriage he became Lord of Biscay and of the other places and lands aboue-mentioned the which did much offend the king causing him to grow into a greater furie and rage against him and the rest then before whereof the sharpest effects were against them that reprooued his leud life and the indignities he did vnto the Queene his wife whom for spite hee caused to be led to Areualo with a guard and vnder the custodie of Don Pedro Gudiâ—l Bishop of Segobia and a Bourgesse of Toledo in whome he trusted his name was Tello Palomochio as a prisoner and began to displace all the Officers of her house and al others which had beene aduanced by the fauor of D. Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque hee tooke away the Office of Chamberlaine from Guttiere Fernandes of Toledo and gaue it to Diego Garcia of Padilla brother to his Mistris that of Cup-bearer which Iohn Rodrigues of Viedma held was giuen to Aluar Garcia of Albornoz the allowance of diet was taken from Guttiere Gomes of Toledo and giuen to Pero Gonçales of Mendoça a great Lord in Alaua from whence are descended the Dukes of Infantazgo In Seuile the king did also change many of the chiefe Officers of the Realme which had beene aduanced by the fauour and councell of Don Iohn Alphonso of Albuquerque giuing them to others that were recommended by Diego Garcia of Padilla and Iohn Fernandes of Hinestroça namely he looke the gouernment of the frontier from Don Garcia Fernandes Manriquez and aduanced Fernand Perez Puerto Carrero Thus the king altered things within his Realme forced the greatest to humble themselues and to sue vnto the kinsfolkes and fauorites of Donna Maria of Padilla hating all them deadly that did but tell him that he ought to loue Donna Blanche the Queene his wife and liue Christian-like and honestly with her as Don Gil Carillo of Albornoz Arch-bishop of Toledo had sought to do who being of his councell and a Prelate of great dignitie in Spaine had presumed to reprehend his disordered life in that behalfe Arch-bishop of Toledo forced to leaue Spaine but hee tooke it in so ill part as this reuerent man was forced to abandon all the liuing hee had in Spaine and retire to Auignon to Pope Clement by whose successor Innocent the sixth who came to the Popedome that yeare 1353. he was made Cardinall and in his life-time they proceeded to a new election in the Arch-bishoppricke of Toledo and Primacie of Spaine putting in his place one Don Blaise This King made himselfe to be feared and so much hated of all the Noblemen of his Realme as euery man made choice of a party and sought how to assure himselfe from his fury and violence Don Iohn Nugnes of Prado Master of Calatraua a friend to Don Iohn Alphonso of Abuquerque retired into Arragon to the Commanderie of Alcaniz but the king who had a desire to haue him in his power sought all meanes lawfull and vnlawfull to assure him so as he made him come vppon his faith and promise that he should haue to harme This good Knight who found himselfe guiltlesse of any crime but that he had beene a friend to the Lord of Albuquerque came into Castile to the towne of Almagro but he was presently beseeged by the kings commandement by Don Iohn de la Cerde and by Peter Nugnes of Godoy who notwithstanding did secretly aduice him to returne into Arragon before that the king who was gone out of Seuile to come thither were arriued the which he would not do saying That he found his conscience free from all rebellion and that he had no cause to feare to put himselfe into the kings mercy but it succeeded ill for him The king beeing come the master came vnto him and cast himselfe at his feet intreating him to receiue him in his iustifications but this cruell Prince refusing to heare him him Imprisonment and murther of D. Iohn Nugnes of Prado master of Calatraua depriued him instantly of the Master-ship of Calatraua the which he gaue to Diego Garcia of Padilla and commaunded that he should bee carried prisoner to the castell of Masqueda whereas Stephen Domingo of Auila commanded an there within few dayes after he was murthered by Diego Lopes of Portas seruant to Diego Garcia of Padilla whereof the king would haue excused himselfe saying That it was done without his commandement but it appeared sufficiently that he was not discontented there-with Going from Almagro the king came before the towne of Medellin belonging to the Lord of Albuquerque whereas Diego Gomes of Silua a Knight of Galicia a commanded the towne yeelded fearing the kings furie and soone after the castle the which the king in disdaine of the Lord of Albuquerque caused to be instantly razed after which hee led his army before Albuquerque the which was held in the name of their Lord by Martin Alphonso Botello a Genlteman of Portugall and vnder him commanded Peter Esteuanez Carpintero Commander maior of Calatraua The King hauing summoned them to yeeld the place vppon refusall he proclaymed them Rebels whereof the Portugall who was not his subiect made no accompt The Commander excused himselfe saying That the place was not in his power Wherefore he past on towards Cobdesera another place belonging to Don Iohn Alphonso the which he would not take so as after some skirmishes he left Don Henry Earle of Transtamare and Don Frederic Master of S. Iames his breethren who followed him against their wils and he came to Caceres Afterwards he resolued to send ambassadors into Portugall whither the Lord of Albuquerque was retired to demand him of the king of Portugall as his
dispute long of the meanes to make a peace but they could not conclude any thing And there being also assembled by the Legats care in the towne of Sanguessa D. Iohn Alphonso of Majorca Chancellor of the priuy seale for the King of Castile and the same Admiral of Arragon for the King his Maister they effected as little as at Tudelo Wherevpon the King of Castile beeing aduertised that his brother D. Henry would enter into Castile seeing they could not conclude a peace he came to Leon where hee would haue slaine D. Pedro Nugnes of Guzman and some other Knights which had left him but they escaped yet hee tooke Pero Aluarez Osorio in Villaniebla as hee was at the table with Diego Garcia of Padilla maister of Calatraua Murthers committed by the King of Castile without respect of order or quality Comming afterwards to Burgos he caused Diego Ariâ—s Maldonado he Archdeacon to be slaine for that hee had receiued letters from his brother D. Henry of Transtamara D. Henry with the army of Arragon entred by Rioja and tooke great spoiles from the Iewes inhabiting there but especially at Nagera he also tooke the towne of Haro and came as farre as Pancoruo where he vnderstood that the King of Castile came to encounter him and was at Birbiesca so as D. Henry retired to Nagera The King of Castile passing by Grisalena Pancoruo Ameiugo and Maranda of Ebro he came to Saint Dominike de la Calçada and then to Açofra Here areligious man of the towne of Saint Dominike presented himselfe vnto him and told him that Saint Dominike had reuealed vnto him and enioyned him to tell him Predistiou of a Monke to the King of Castile who caused him to be burned for his reward that if hee did not take good heed of D. Henry his brother hee should die by his hand The King caused this religious man to be apprehended and carefully examined to finde out whether that which hee had said had beene suggested vnto him by some one or that it were a reuelation The Monke maintained that Saint Dominike had reuealed it vnto him and persisted in this answere being often examined But the King did not regard it and for a reward of his prediction the which he found in the end to be true he caused him to be burned There were many skirmishes about Nagera betwixt the Arragonois and Castillans whereas the Castillans had the better being stil the more in number but the King of Castile beeing not come with sufficient prouision to beseege townes leauing Nagera and Cont Henry hee rerturned to Saint Dominike and from thence past by Logrogno But the Legat who alwaies treated a peace procured a cessation of armes in those quarters so as D. Henry returned into Arragon by Nauarre The King also tooke the way to Seuile where beeing arriued he found that they had taken at sea the General of the gallies which the King of Arragon had sent into Barbary to aide the King of Tremessen his name was Mathew Mercier whose head hee caused to bee cut off there were foure gallies also taken with him Knights of Castile executed He also put to death there Men Rodrigues Tenorio Fortun-Sanches Calderon Fernand Gudiel of Toledo they were those Knights which being retired into Portugal had beene deliuered to the King of Castile in exchange by the king of Portugal as hath bin mentioned He also put to death D. Pero Nugnes of Guzman who could not auoide his owne misfortune and soone after in the towne of Alfarâ— he cut off the head of D. Guttiere Fernand of Toledo for that hee spake his minde too freely in matters which did concerne the good of State and for the zeale he had to his honour and seruice he caused as much to bee done to Gomes Carillo of Albornoz beeing in a galley Thus this ill aduised King tooke a delight to shed the bloud of his Nobility neither did hee for-beare prelats for if hee slue them not he chased them out of his Realme with ignominy and losse of their goods but in the end his excesse procured the iust indignation of his subiects against him which made him loose both Realme and life Hauing as wee haue saied put to death D. Guttiere Fernandes of Toledo hee bent his fury against his brother D. Blasco Archbishop of Toledo but hee durst not dip his hands in his bloud for that hee was of the Ecclesiasticall iurisdiction wherefore hee sent Mathew Fernandes Chancellor of his priuy seale to Toledo to commaud him in his name to depart his country and to retire into Portugal the which this prelat was forced to doe in such hast as hee had no leisure to take any of his stuffe but went as hee was appareled without companie or any commoditie for his voiage And the same daie that hee departed the King came to Toledo the which did much afflict all those that had the gouernment of the towne The Archbishop came to Coimbra in Portugal where soone after hee ended his daies in the Monastery of Saint Dominike with an example of notable patience from whence his body by the Kings permission was carried to Toledo and there interred Don Gomes Manrique was chosen Archbishop of Toledo in his place and Primate of Spaine beeing numbred for the three score and one Prelat or according vnto some three score and two of that Church Samuel Leui a Iew A large spoile of a Iew condemned high Treasorer was committed to prison in Toledo by the Kings commandement with all his kindred who were carried to Seuile where he caused them to bee put to death after they had beene cruelly tortured to make them confesse where their goods were of whose confiscation the King got aboue foure hundred and three score thousand doublons of gold and foure thousand markes of siluer besides many rich iewels and silkes Beeing in that city in the yeere of our Lord 1361. the King had an intent for to make warre against the Moores An. 1361. but hee deferred it for a time beeing prest by that of Arragon for about that time the treatie was effected which had beene long before practised with Gonçal Gonçales Lusio Gouernor of Tarassone Tarassone yeelded by practise which place hee deliuered to the King of Arragon and had the florins aboue mentioned in recompence And moreouer hee married with Violant daughter to Don Ximenes of Vrrea and to Donna Eluira Cornel with the Lands of Biote â—ace and Asinios in dowrie Don Pedro Ximenes of Sampero was put in garrison into Tarassone The warre betwixt these Potentates after some small exploites was in the end concluded by a peace which the Cardinall aboue named did mediate at Deça By the which the Castillans which were retired into Arragon had their Conge and restitution of places was promised to either part for the performance whereof hostages were deliuered to the King of Nauarre or to his brother Lewis then viceroy in Nauarre This peace lasted
the sort or castle of Tafalla As for Fillot of gramont hee continued three yeeres in prison and then was deliuered In the meane time the King Don Charles beeing in great care for the detention of his sonne in France hee caused Don Iohn King of Castile to bee sollicited by Donna Leonora his daughter in law who was retired into Castile to the King her brother who was strictly allied and a friend to the French Deliuery of Prince Charls in sauor of the King of Castile to bee a meadiator for the deliuery of the Infant Don Charles The King of Castile desirous to gratefie his sister imployed his best meanes to the young French King and his Gouernors and did so importune them by messages letters and Ambassages as they set the Infant Don Charles of Nauarre at libertie As for Don Pedro his younger brother and Donna Maria his sister they had beene released before Don Charles soone after his deliuery hee went into Nauarre to the great content of all the Nauarrois It was a great hatred and mallice in the King Don Charles the Father for to attempt such a wickednesse against the princes of France who shewed their generositie in consenting to the deliuerie of the Infant who was not guilty of his fathers offence who in all his actions was of so sower a disposition Disposition of D. Charles King of Nauarre as hee could not pursue his rights nor treat of any affaires with other princes but in choller and disdaine and whereas he could not obtaine and bring to passe what hee pretended hee had recourse to synister and vnlawfull practises desiring to reuenge himselfe of those that did him any iniury by what meanes soeuer Hee had one sister called Donna Agnes married vnto Gaston Earle of Foix called Phebus who for the wrongs hee had done vnto her husband was verie ill intreated by him so as shee was forced to leaue his companie and to retire into Nauarre who was soone after followed by a sonne shee had by him called Gaston where both beeing receiued and honoured by King Charles conferring often with his sister of her husbands bad vsage hee conceiued such a hatred against the Earle Gaston as hee drew young Gaston their sonne to poison his father and gaue him a venimous poulder to that end telling him that it was a remedy to make him change the hatred hee bare him and his mother into loue This young Nobleman beeing simple and ill aduised beleeuing what the King his vncle had said vnto him he returned into Foix to his father with an intent to season him some meate with this poulder Misâ—rable death of young Gaston of Foix. but hee could not so play his part but casting the poulder into the meate it was perceiued by the cookes or otherwise discouered wherefore the Earle commanded his sonne and onely heire to bee taken causing him to die miserably in prison so as after him hee left none but bastards which did not succeed in the Earledome of Foix one of them was Bernard who serued Henry the second King of Castile in the conquest of the realme against the King D. Pedro and was rewarded by him and endowed with lands and Estates in Castile from whom descended the dukes of Medina Celi or Zelim who by the mothers side belong to the bloud of Castile according to the order which followeth D. Fernand de la Cerde Beginâ—ing of the house of Celi or Zelim eldest sonne to D. Alphonso the Wise or the Philosopher left two sons D. Alphonso and D. Fernand of D. Alphonso married into France came D. Lewis Earle of Clermont and D. Charles or Iohn according vnto some Constable of france and Earle of Angoulesme D. Lewis Earle of Clermont married in Andalusia Don Leonora of Guzman daughter to D. Alphonso Peres of Guzman and was Lord of Hulua and of Port Sancta Maria and other lands in the right of his wife of which marriage issued Don Lewis Don Iohn and Donna Isabella de la Cerde This Donna Isabella was by the King Don Henry the second being setled in the realme of Castile married to Bernard bastard of Foix and had in dowry Medina Celi with the title of an Earle of them came D. Gaston surnamed de la Cerde leauing the name of the house of Foix and Bern. Hee was the second Earle of Medina Celi and married Donna Mencia of Mendoça daughter to Don Pedro Conçales of Mendoça a great Nobleman in Alaua by her hee had one sonne called Don Lewis who was the third Earle of Medina Celi and married with Donna Iean Sarmiento daughter to Diego Peres Sarmiento from whom came Don Gaston de la Cerde the second and forth Earle of Medina Celi who married Donna Leonora of Mendoça daughter to Don Iâ—igo Lopes of Mendoça Marquis of Sentillana from whom descended Don Lewis which succeeded him in the Earldome in whose time it was made a Dutchy D. Lewis married Donna Anna of Nauarre and Arragon base daughter to D. Charles Infant of Nauarre and Arragon This is the Genealogy of the house of the dukes of Medina Celi Such as wee haue sayd were the actions of Charles King of Nauarre whom in the end God strooke with a Leaprosie King Charles a Leapeâ— which made him to leaue all care of the affaires of this world and to giue himselfe to workes of piety according to the manner of those times which was to build chappels to ordaine Masses and Anniuersaries for his deceased parents and to adde rents and giue entertainement to Clergy men and Priests which did the seruice but aboue all hee labored to liue in peace with Christian Princes The Infant Charles beeing come into Nauarre about the beginning of the warre betwixt Castile and Portugal the King Don Iohn demaunded some supplies of souldiars out of Nauarre to lead with him wherevnto the King of Nauarre consented willingly remembring the good Offices hee had done with the French for his sonnes liberty whom hee sent well accompanied to this warre beeing vnable to goe in person by reason of his indisposition The Infant made some stay with his wife Donna Leonora who was in Castile and then passing on hee came to the King beeing incamped before Lisbone where hee staied not long the King Don Iohn beeing forced to raise the seege by reason of the plague which ruined his armie and returne into Castile as wee haue said dismissing the Infant his brother in law with all loue and content The yeere 1385. beeing come Portugal Affaires of the King of Castile succeed well in Portugal the King D. Iohn preparing to returne into Portugall hauing alreadie sent some ships and gallies against Lisbone hee had newes that the souldiars which hee had left in Saint Iren had defeated some troupes of Portugal whose leaders were the maister of the Knights of Christus and the Prior of Saint Iohn by reason of which victorie many places within the Realme had planted the Standard of Castile
Nauarre into Bearne on this side the mountaines after which hee neuer made any memorable attempt The king D. Martin notwithstanding all the importunitie of the Arragonois Andrew of Clairmont beheaded at Palermo was not resolued to leaue Sicile vntill he had seene his sonne peacefull king of the Iland the which he effected after a long and tedious warre by the ruine of the noble families of Clairmont and Alagon and of other rebels whereof Andrew of Clairmont Duke of Modica was beheaded at Palermo after which Artal of Alagon was expelled Sicile with all his family by vertue of whose Predecessors that Realme had beene in a manner conquered for the house of Arragon D. Martin the first of that name and 15. King of Arragon MAtter 's beeing thus brought to passe D. Martin elect King of Arragon leauing with the King his sonne called also D. Martin and his wife Marie William of Moncado Marquis of Malta chiefe Iustice and Constable of the Realme Peter Serra Bishop of Cattanea Francis Zagarriga Hugh Santapaz and other Cattelans and Arragonois for Councellers he sayled towards the Island *** Corfica whereas the Earle of Cinerche and others of the familie of Istria and of that of Rocca held many townes and castles at his deuotion From thence the King past into Prouence where he did visit Pope Benedict in Auignon receiuing a rose from him on Palme sunday hauing done him homage for the Islands of Sardinia and Corsica then continuing his voyage hee arriued in Cattelogne in the beginning of Maie in the yeare 1397. At his entrie into the countrie hee found a stately ambassage where were the chiefe Noblemen of Arragon and deputies of the citie of Sarragossa who intreated him that without any stay he should goe vnto the Estates assembled at Sarragossa and that he would not deale in any affaires of the realme vntill according to the auncient custome hee had taken and receiued their othes the which seemed something strange vnto the King yet he answered these ambassadors gratiously that beeing tired with so long a voyage he had need of rest wherefore after some little staie at Barcelona hee would come presently to Sarragossa notwithstanding after his entrie into Barcelona which was very stately sitting in his tribunall hee pronounced a sentence against Mathew Earle of Foix and D. Ioanne his wife Sentence against the earle of Foix. beeing his neece by the which he declared them rebels and guilty of high treason and fallen from all their rights he did confiscate the Vicontie of Castlebon and other lands held by them in the realme of Arragon and Cattelogne adiudging them vnto the crowne Moreouer hee sent from thence shippes and souldiers into Sardynia and Sicile sending backe D. Roger of Moncado into his gouernment of Sardinia and D. Pedro of Bage into Sicile After which hee went to Sarragossa to the Estates about the end of October The King presiding in this assembly did much commend the vertue fide litie and valour of the Arragonois seeking by good words to make them tractable and well-affected to him and his children for after the oath taken by him for the obseruation of the rights and priuiledges of Arragon and other Prouinces and reciprocally by them he intreated the Estates to acknowledge his sonne D. Martin King of Sicile beeing absent for lawfull heire of that crowne after him the which was willingly done the King of Siciles ambassadors hauing promised an vnion of the two realmes for euer and to cause the King their master to ratifie it and to take the oathes accustomed in such acts There was giuen vnto the King at these Estates 130000 florins of gold to pay his debts and 30000 for his expences During the assembly there was some tumult of warre in the Mountains there being entred by the pace of Sarazal some of the Earle of Foix troupes who tooke and sackt Thermes but without any other exploite they returned In the meane time Mathew of Castelbon Earle of Foix Death of the Earle of Foix. dyed without any children being in the yeare 1398. wherby D. Martin remayned peaceable King of Arragon who setled himselfe and disposed of his affaires according to his desire First of all knowing that the wisedome of a Prince consists chiefly in knowing wel how VVisedome necessarie in a Princeto chuse men of valour to chuse men of valour whose seruice he must vse in the gouernment of his Estate he laboured to draw vnto him by his bountie and fauour the hearts and affections of those which he knew to be such namely he gratified D. Alphonso of Arragon much and honored him with the Dutchie of Gandia he made D. Iames of Prade Constable of Arragon and to many other Noblemen and knights hee gaue gifts and priuiledges hee restored Archambaud of Graille who had beene heire in the right of succession to the Earledome of Foix by reason of his wife sister to the deceased Matthew of Castelbon to the lands which he had forfeited yet he made but a bare recompence to his Neece the Countesse of Foix who retired her selfe to Valencia with 3000. florens of yearely pension for her whole entertaynment where she ended her dayes He maried his other neece D. Violant to Lewis Duke of Aniou chosen king of Naples to whom hee gaue 160000. florens in dowrie so as she should renounce all rights and pretensions which shee might haue to the Crowne of Arragon and other lands of the deceased kind D. Iohn her father adding afterwards to this bond an allyance which he made with Nauarre to be the better assured of the French And not to forget the workes of pietie couered with the vale of religion seing Pope Benedict greatly molested in Auignon although it were by the practises of the French king he sent an armie by sea to assist him and if need were to carrie him away the euent whereof was miserable for being come vnto the mouth of the riuer of Rhosne about December in the heart of a very sharpe winter the gallies not being able to go vp the riuer by reason the water was low most of the slaues mariners and souldiers dyed for cold Statues sent by the Pope into Arragnâ— The fauour which the king of Arragon did shew vnto the Pope did so far auayle him as it made the French king forbeare for a time to oppose himselfe to acknowledge the which and in his loue to his country he sent into Arragon foure statues of siluer and gilt and enriched with stones the which were kept in the citty of Sarragossa and therin were iâ—closed the relikes of Valerius Laurence Vincent and Encratia reputed by the Sarragossans for Saints patrons and protectors Thus the king D. Martin sought in the first yeares of his raigne to content the world by his humane wisedome and to purchase the fame of a politicke and religious Prince notwithstanding as humane wisedome faile smost commonly he could not keepe such a meane but in gratifying some
was giuen to the Infant Don Iohn by king Charles in dowry with D. Blanche his daughter foure hundred twenty thousand a hundred and twelue florens of gold of the coyne of Arragon sixe solz and eight deniers a notable summe for a King of Nauarre an argument of the great tresure which hee had gathered together during the long peace of his raigne It was also agreed that the lands and forts which the Infant did hold in Castile and Arragon shold descend to the heire which shold be borne of that marriage succeeding to the Crowne of Nauarre The Infant did enioy in Arragon the Dutchies of Gandia and Momblanc Possessions D. Iohn Infant of Arragon the Earledome of Ribagorça and the towne of Balaguer and in Castile the Dutchie of Pegnafiel Infantazgo and the Segneurie of Lara and moreouer the townes of Cuellar Castro-Xeris Villalon and Haro afterwards he obtayned Alba de Tormes Olmedo Paredes of Naua Majorga Villerado Cerezo Medina del campo Aranda of Duego Roa Colmenar and other places all which he afterwards lost by the wars he had against Castile the titles and pattents whereof are remayning in the records of Nauarre These articles of marriage were sworne by the three Estates of the Realme And it was long disputed betwixt the Infant Don Iohn and the king of Castiles councell where this marriage should be celebrated In the end he got fortie dayes libertie to go and perform it in Nauarre whither he went accompained with many of the Nobility of Castile From hencefoorth D. Iohn will entitle himselfe Infant of Nauarre and Arragon The marriage beeing ended returning with his wife D. Blanche towards Castile hee met with a messenger from Don Sancho of Rojas Archbishop of Toledo who aduertised him of a great excesse committed by his brother Don Henry Master of Saint Iames solliciting him to returne with all speed to court and thus it was Don Henry the third sonne to the deceased Don Fernand king of Arragon desired to marrie Donna Catherine king Iohns youngest sister Castile who had the Marquisate of Villena for her dowrie but fearing that he should neuer obtaine her by any due course he resolued to haue her by force so as beeing rash and exceeding bold he entred on a time into Toledo with three hundred armed men where he seized on the kings person wherein he was assisted and fauoured by Don Ruy Lopes of Aualos the Constable and D. Pedro Manriques They tooke Iohn Hurtado of Mendoça Lord Steward of the king house and others who were opposite vnto them and holding the King as it were a prisoner they caused many of his houshold seruants and Officers to be chased away aboue all they desired to displace D. Aluaro de Luna kinsman to the deceased Archbishop of Toledo who of a page of the chamber was come to be the kings great minion But D. Henry held it now the best to winne him by mildnesse and bountie that hee might make vse of him in that which he pretended The Infanta Donna Catherina to whom this marriage with Don Henry was not pleasing entred into the Monasterie of Saint Claire in that cittie from whence she was afterwards taken for that Don Henry led the King to Segouia and then to Auila promising not to vse any force concerning the marriage Don Iohn Infant of Nauar and Arragon hearing of these newes he much blamed the attempt of Don Henry his brother and resolued to oppose himselfe against him wherefore he called all his friends to Olmedo and such Noblemen and Knights as disliked of his excesse so as in few daies hee assembled three thousand Lances the Infant D. Henry preparing also for the warre hee was in a manner equall in strength to his aduersaries beeing in the towne of Auila whether hee had led the King The factious being ready to enter into a furious warre D. Leonora the widdow Queene of Arragon and mother to these two Princes laboured so betwixt them as all these troups retyred except a thousand Lances which remayned for the Kings gard then comming to the treaty of marriage the Infanta D. Catherina being instantly intreated by the King her brother who was not free to take D. Henry for her husband she would by noe meanes harken to it D. Henry being the stronger about the King thinking that D. Iohn was opposite to his dessines he kept him from the king not respecting him nor them that followed him Estates sorcea he called an assembly of his partizans in forme of a Parlament where he caused the fact of Tordesillas to be allowed and ordained what he pleased yea he caused letters to be written in the Kings name to the Pope by the which hee intreated him to giue vnto the Infant D. Henry the Lands of the Maistershippe of Saint Iames in â—ee simple to him and his children for euer with the title of a Dutchy an impudent demand and so reiected by the Pope The King married with D. Maria of Arragon Demanâ— of D. Henry mâ—â—t impudent in Auila without feasts or ceremony and then they led him to Talauera and the Infant D. Henry neuer ceassed vntill he had celebrated his marriage with D. Catherina his Cousin Germaine causing the Marquisate of Villena to be assigned for her dowry with the title of Dutchy who was the third Duke of Castile and the question being of marriages Marriage forced betwixt D. Henry and D. Catherine of Castille where they doe vsually shew them-selues bountifull Aluar de Luna the Kings Minnion had in guift the towne of Saint Stephen of Gormas and other Knights were aduanced to other lands as it pleased D. Henry The King being much discontented with his restrayned Estate hee conferred often with Aluar de Luna of the meanes how hee might escape but there appeared great difficulties on euery side for the confederats which held him watcht carrefully ouer him notwithstanding going one day abroad vnder collour of hunting King escapes out of D Henries hands he aduentured to runne to Villalua and finding himselfe not safe there he past to Montalban which is betwixt Talauera and Toledo some-what out of the way whereof the Infant D. Henry being aduertised who had newly fynished his marriage he was wonderfully troubled in mynde drawing what forces he could to field and then the Constable and he followed the King but in vaine for he was in a place of safety who sent some to aduise them that they should not follow him but returne to Talauera which the Infant D. Henry did but the troupes which were in the poursute stayed not vntill they had some newes and came and lodged about the Castle of Montalban yet they attempted not any thing for the reuerence they bare vnto the King who seeing him-selfe as it were beseeged and without victualls in the place he had means to aduertise the Infant D. Iohn D. Sancho of Roias Archbishoppe of Toledo the Admirall D. Alphonso Henriques and other Knights intreating them to
gouernement whereof was giuen and made ouer to his Steward Andrew de Cabrera one newly come into Castile and borne at Barcelona sonne to Iohn Fernandes and Grand child to Andrew de Cabrera Neuerthelesse for that time hee commaunded no where but in the towne for the fort remayned in the power of the Master of Saint Iames and because the plague was very hotte within the Cittie of Segouia the King nor the Master would not come into the towne but retired and went backe to Casa Rubias whither came Don Lewis of Mendoza with a procuration from Queene Ioane as Protectresse of her daughter in whose name hee protested that the oath made to the Princesse Izabella was of no force nor efficacie and appealed to the Pope from the dispensations made by the Legate but small account was made thereof Now did the Master of Saint Iames consider with himselfe that the discontentment of the Marquis of Santillana and the other Lords of the house of Mendoza with Pedro de l'clasco might produce and bring foorth some bad effects Hee who seemed to bee borne to commaund tooke in hand to appease and qualifie them and did inuite them to meere at Villarejo belonging to the Order of Saint Iames there to consult and determine about the affaires of State with the Kings Commissioners Thither came Don Pero Gâ—â—çales of Mendoza New treaties of marriages â—se a foot by the Master of S. Iames. Bishoppe of Siguença and Don Pedro Velasco on the one side and the Arch-bishoppe of Seuille the Master of Saint Iames and the Earle of Plaisance on the other They did conclude that the Princesse Izabella should marrie with Alphonso King of Portugall who was a widdower and Donna Ioane with his eldest sonne called Don Iohn heire to the Kingdome and her cousin-germaine with condition that if the Princesse Izabella by this marriage should haue no children that then the issue of Donna Ioane should succeed in the Kingdome of Castile for the conclusion and confirmation of which marriages there should be an enterview of the King and Queene of Castile and the King of Portugall This agreement did not please the Ladies for the Princesse Izabella had no desire to marrie with a widower and the Queen feared that vnder color of this meeting she shold be cast off and sent home to Portugall according to the treatie at la Venta du Tor de Guisando wherefore both of them resisted this determination with all their power by reason wherof the Lords of Mendoza and Velasco were very angry with the Queene and her daughter The Master of S. Iames sollicited K. Henry to send Ambassadors into Portugal to request the king to meet thinking by his coming to win the Princesse to condiscend thereunto And not long after the bishop of Siguença and Don Pedro de Velasco beeing with the king perswaded him notwithstanding the Queenes obstinacy vnder-hand to fauour D. Ioane not acquainting the Arch-bishop of Scuill nor the Princesse Izabella therewith These businesses beeing managed with such inconstancie there arriued daily messengers at Court who complayned for that the King had caused this new oath to be made to his sister which most men thought to be a beginning of greater troubles than before and also because that diuers other great Lords of the Kingdome were not called to determine vppon a matter of so great consequence And indeed all those which were discontented therewith did ioyne themselues in league with the Arch-bishoppe of Toledo who thought himselfe to bee ill dealt with for that he had not the Princesse Izabellain his keeping as in time before In the meane time disorders were still committed in diuers Prouinces especially in Andalusia where this yeare Don Iohn de Guzman Duke of Medina Sidonia and Earle of Niebla dyed in whose goods lands and dignityes Don Henry de Guzman his bastard-sonne succeeded It hapned at the same time neere to Toledo that as an husband-man of the countrie called Pero Moro did reape a corne-field at the very first stroake which hee gaue with his sickle great quantitie of bloud issued foorth of the stalkes the which his sons perceyuing who were at worke in the same field came running vnto him thinking that he had hurt himselfe but seeing he had no harme they returned to their labour and cut downe the corne in the same place where their father wrought and at euery stroake they fetched great store of bloud issued which they signified to the Lord of the place who caused it to be recorded for a strange prodigie Whilest the affaires of Castile stood vppon these tearmes King Iohn of Arragon being ridde of his enemie Don Pedro of Portugall Arragon and Nauarre did labour by all meanes after the taking of Tortosa to reduce the Barcelonois to their duties but they like obstinat enemies to their Prince would not hearken thereunto Great were the alterations which they had among themselues after the death of this Portugois Some were of opinion to bring their state into the forme of a Common-wealth like Genoa Venice and other places of Italy and others councelled to returne to the obedience of King Iohn Each of these opinions being reiected they elected for their King Reneé of Aniou Duke of Lorraine and Earle of Prouence Renee Aniou made king of Arragon a Prince of the royall bloud of France who beeing alreadie old and decrepite yet neuerthelesse desirous of the title of King did accept the offer and hauing with the consent of King Lewis the eleuenth leauied souldiers in France sent his sonne Iohn Duke of Calabria or Lorrayne into Spaine who at Manreça ioyned with the Cattelans and hauing drawne diuers of the County of Rossillon to his deuotion he went and beseeged Girona where Peter of Rocabertin was Gouernour who foorthwith aduertised King Iohn thereof who by reason of his indisposition and blindnes could not come thither in person to ayde them but sent his son Prince Fernand accompanied with diuers Lords and Knights vnto whom aboue all other things hee recommended the Princes person beeing on his way from Tortosa towards Girona Queene Ioane his mother who loued him dearely followed him the next day after vpon the newes of the Princes comming the Duke of Calabria raysed his seege and retired himselfe to Denjat from whence he went to Barcelona and then returned with succors in great secrecie and no lesse danger The Prince D. Fernand desirous to looke vppon the enemie being come neere to the place and prouoking the French-men to battell they being fortifyed with a great number of men at armes which K. Lewis had sent them vnder the conduct of the Earle of Armignac The Arragonois defeated by the French came forth into the fields and fought and vanquished the Arragonois the Prince Don Fernand narrowly escaping from beeing taken who had good meanes offered to saue himselfe thorough the indeauours of Rodrigo of Rebolledo who was taken in his stead and brought to Barcelona and afterwards redeemed for tenne
kill the Earle his father with whom he was offended the child being in no fault at all for he knew not what drugge it was wherefore at his death hee left behind him no lawfull children but diuers bastards as Iobbain who was one of those which were burnt at the Mummery of King Charles the sixt at the banquet of Saint Marceau and Gratian and possibly that Bernard of Foix who was maried into Spaine to Lady Isabel de la Cerde a Princesse of the blood royall of Castile the stem of the house of the Dukes of Medina Celi if he were not sonne to Gaston the second this mans predecessor Then the succession of the Earldome of Foix and Lordship of Bearne fel to Mathew of Castelbon aboue-named who had no children by his wife Ioane daughter to the King of Arragon wherefore his sister Isabell inherited his Lordships who was wife to Archambald de Grailtry Captau de Buch from which mariage issued Iohn the elder the sisteene Earle of Foix Gaston Capdau de Buch from whom descended the Lords of Capdolat and Candale Archambald Lord of Nouailles Peter a friar of Motlas since Bishop of Lescar in the end Cardinall and founder of the Colledge of Foix at Tholousa and Mathew Earle of Comminges Iohn the fifteenth Earle of Foix as hath beene said and first of that name had to his first wife Mary of Nauarre who dying without children he married Ioane de Albret of whom was borne Gaston his successor in the Earledome of Foix and Lordship of Bearne The house of Foix hath beene much ennobled by the deeds of this man for during the wars betwixt the French and the English in the daies of Charles the seuenth this Earle Gaston was he that made proofe of his valor against the English armies which held the Dutchy of Guyenne where he twice tooke Saint Seuer chiefe of Gascony and won Dax by force of armes with great slaughter of Englishmen who did valiantly defend those places he did succor Tartax beseeged seuen monthes by the goueâ—nor of Bourdeaux He restored his vncle Mathew into the Viscounty of Comminges being dispossest by the French King who had installed a Spaniard therein called Roderigo de Villandrada Earle of Ribadeo where he ouerthrew the castle of Rocheford he made means for the liberty of the Earl of Armagnac who was in prison for hauing intelligence with the English and caused his goods and lands to be restored to him Being afterwards made Gouernor of Guyenne by King Charles he made such cruell warre vpon the English as in short time he in a manner dispossest them of all there forces in the same Prouince so as Burdeaux the chiefe city and seat of the warre was constrained to yeeld to the French King in the yeere 1451. and soone after the city of Bayonne so as the English were wholy excluded out of all Guyenne Afterward when the city of Bourdeaux rebelled against the Earle of Clermont Iohn of Bourbon the English being recalled by them albeit they had possest themselues of diuers places were by the valor good conduct chiefly of the Earle Gaston beaten back and repulst Cadillac being the last place that hee tooke from them In all which warres hee was faithfully and dilligently accompanied and aided by his brother Peter de Foix Viscount of Lautier the original of the renouned house of Lautrec faither to Iohn de Lautrec Posthumus from whom did spring Odet de Foix he that was the famous captaine in the warres of Lombardy and Naples Andre de Asperaut and Thomas called L'Escut Henry de Lautrec was sonne to Odet Charles the seuenth did so greatly fauor the Earle Gaston de Foix as he gaue in marriage to his eldest sonne called Gaston like him his daughter Magdalen At the arrainement of the Duke of Alançon at Vandosme by King Lewis the eleuenth he supplied the place of the Earle of Thoiousa in the ranke of the Peers of France the which preeminence hath remained vpon such occasions in the house of Foix the Lordships whereof were by him encreased with the Vicounty of Narbona and with the lands of Capdolat other purchases and in the end with the crowne of Nauarre by his marriage with Donna Leonora of Arragon daughter to King Iohn of whom we now treat of this man issued the posterity which followes Gaston who should haue succeeded him who as we haue said died at Liborne at the tilting which was made at the comming of Charles Duke of Guyenne brother to King Lewis the eleuenth left heires behind him Francis Phoebus and Catherine his children then Iohn Lord of Narbone from whom issued Gaston Viscount of Narbone and since Duke of Nemours who won the battaâ—le of Rauenna where neuerthelesse he died Gencalogie of Nauarre and Germain second wife to Fernand King of Spaine of Gaston and Elenor were borne the third sonne named Peter who was Cardinall and the fourth Iames a valiant Knight who died in the seruice of King Lewis the eleuenth more fiue daughters Mary wife to William Marquis of Montferrat Ioane wife to the Earle of Armagnac Marquâ—ritâ— wife to Frances Duke of Brittaine mother to Queene Anne of France Catherine married to the Earle of Candale who had three children the eldest of whom was Earle of Candall men an Archbishop of Bourdeaux and a daughter called Anne married to the King of Hungary the fifth daughter of Gaston and Elenor was called Elenor who died vnmarried Now let vs returne to the controuersie betweene Gaston de Foix father to these and his father in law King Iohn Couenants betwixt King Iohn and D. Lâ—onora his daughter Hee following the good aduice of his friends and seruants and hauing acquainted the King with his intent by message the King and D. Leonors his daughter met at a day appointed at Olita Gaston being absent in France where they agreed vpon these Articles following First that the townes cities communalties of Nauarre nobility and others of what Estate and condition soeuer should without contradiction acknowledge and obey King Iohn as their King during his life That the Earle Gaston and the Princesse his wife should promise to maintaine the priuiledges lawes and liberties of the Kingdome as they had beene in times past That the three Estates should take the oth of alleageance and doe homage to the Princes the husband and wife and acknowledge them for their naturall King and Queene after the decease of king Iohn notwithstanding any other act to the contrary that the married couple should irreuocably be perpeturall gouernors of the Kingdome during the Kings life their gouernment onely to cease when the King in person should bee in the Realme That neither the King nor the married Princes should ingage the Kingdome in whole nor in part That the three Estates should endeauor that the King and the Princes should accomplish and keepe all that had beene concluded and oppose against them that should infring them The same promise should be made and
Earle with Martin Alphonso de Cabra Lord of the house of Montemajor was sent before to shut in those of the towne with the forces which he had in Baena then their followed him with foure thousand horse and other forces the Maister of Calatraua the Earle of Buendia and other Knights the King with the rest of the forces came after and the Queene with the whole Court came to Baena Those that went first with the Earle of Cabra beeing arriued on a morning neere to Moclin fell vnawares vpon the King of Granadoes army which was come to Moclin consisting of twenty thousand Moores as well horse as foote who neuerthelesse began to flie as soone as they did see the Christians whom they thought to bee farre more in number then they were but hauing better viewed them they returned and charged them so brauely as they disordered and put them to flight diuers were there slaine and taken The Christians defeated at Moclin the Earle escaped being hurt in the hand with a Harquebuze shot his horse hauing receiued foure wounds with a launce his brother D. Gonçall de Cordoua was slaine the Moores following the chase were staied and constrained to turne their backes by the troupes of the Maister of Calatraua and the Earle of Buendia This newes did greatly displease the Kings who altering their determination left Moclin and turned their forces against Cambill and Alhabar very strong places on the confines of Iaen and within three leagues of the city alwaies well kept and defended by the Kings of Granado The Marquis of Cales with the vantgard did approach neere vnto their forts whether the Artillery was brought with great difficulty and the battery made with all dilligence but they yeelded forthwith and the Moores which were within it were sent away free with their goods into Granado the Queene gaue these two forts to the city of Iaen where the King with the Maister of Saint Iames did determine to strengthen Alhama with foure thousand horse and fiue thousand foot which were appointed for the same purpose The Treasorer of Calatraua beeing gouernor of Alhama was sollicited by a Moore of the garrison of Salea to come thither with his forces and hee did assure him that he would finde meanes to cause him to enter into it the Treasorer hauing first of all well examined the Moore and being assured that he ment no deceite went on a night to Salea where the traitors brother did let downe a rope from the walles and helped to erect the scaling ladders by which the Christians mounted who after a dangerous fight made themselues Maisters of the place the Inhabitants whereof were all made slaues Pope Innocent the eight being daylie aduertized of these goodly victories graunted this yeere to the Kings to raise greater subsidies vpon the Clergy the which were moderated by the Cardinall of Spaine to one hundred thousand golden florins of the coine of Arragon About the end of the yeere the Court leauing Andaluzia came to Alcala de Henares Birth of the Infanta Catherine where Queene Isabell was brought in bed of a daughter named Catherin who was wife to Arthur Prince of Wales heire to the crowne of England and afterward married to his brother King Henry the eight of that name In Alcala which was a place belonging to the Archbishop of Toledo the Alcaides and Prouosts of the Court executing their offices were hindered by the Cardinall who was Archbishop of Toledo Contention betwixt the Archâ—â—shop of Toledo and the Queene who made greeuous complaints to the Queene how her Officers did vsurpe vpon his authority the Queene told him that shee being Soueraigne in Castile and in all other her realmes might execute iustice in any place The matter being debated on both sides it was referred to the compromise and iudgment of fiue persons of the counsell whom the Queene would name and to fiue Channons of the Chapter of Toledo for the Cardinall but the other affaires of Court the short staye thereof at Alcala with other hinderances did end this strife the which remained vndecided Then were the Iudges of the Court discharged of part of the Processes which did abound in all places where the King and Queene went the which were turned ouer to the Chancery at Valiodolit where Don Alphonso de Fonseca Archbishop of Saint Iames was made President with eight Doctors for his Councell During all these warres and businesse Don Ramir Nugnes de Guzman of whom wee haue often spoken heretofore had remained in Portugall greatly honoured by King Iohn Hee vnderstanding of the Admirall of Castils death his ancient enemy procured his friends to obtaine his pardon of King Ferdinand and Queene Isabell but beeing aduertised that the matter was now harder to bee effected then before by reason that Don Frederick sonne to the deceased Admirall who had begunne the quarrell was made Admirall in his Fathers place and highly fauoured hee desperately resolued to kill him and to effect his purpose hee departed with leaue from the Court of Portugall and came to Braganca Don Frederick Henriques beeing aduertised by his friends what his enemy did intend hee thought like a wise man that it was not good to hold him still in dispaire and therefore hee sent to Mary Osorio Don Ramir Nugnes mother to let her vnderstand that if shee would come to Valiodolit to sue for her sonnes restitution hee would assist her therein prouided that shee would take order that Don Ramir should returne back from Bragança to the Court of Portugall This Lady beeing desirous to haue her sonne restored to his lands and goods did not loose so fit and vnlookt for an occasion but came to the Admirall with whom after long conference she went to the court being at Alcala de Henares where she obtained but not without difficulty the goods of Don Ramir as depositarie and that hee might returne into Spaine vnder the keeping of the Earle of Feria Don Ramir hauing notice heereof Sentenâ—â— of the quaâ—rell betwixt Don Ramir Nugnes de Guzman and Frederick Henriques tooke his leaue of the King of Portugall and came to the Earle of Ferias house where hee remained three yeares vntill his businesse were brought to this conclusion that hee might enioy his goods and marry with his promised wife the daughter to the Earle of Luna but that hee might not goe to his owne lands vntill the King and Queene gaue him leaue Afterward hee was permitted to come into his owne houses vpon condition that during his life he should not come ouer the riuer of Duero such was the end of the quarrell caused by the Ladies of the Court betwixt Don Ramir Nugnes de Guzman and Don Frederick Henriques Before the Court departed from Alcala de Henares Don Inigo Lopes de Mendoza Earle of Tendilla and Doctor Iohn de Medina both of them of the Kings Councell were sent Ambassadors into Italy about the warre which was betwixt Ferdinand King of Naples and Pope
could not be suffered to come to Valencia but was enforced to returne without beeing heard or seene King Charles at the same time was troubled with ciuill warres against the Duke of Orleance Duke Francis of Brittaine and the Lord of Albret who was dispossessed of his lands father to Iohn of Albret who was king of Nauarre and with others Iohn of Albret and Katherine of Nauarre Kings of Nauarre accounted for the 35. in the order of the Kings IOHN of Albret Nauarre the sonne of Alain of whom we haue made mention heretofore was married to Catherine the heire of Nauarre but before we come to the declaration therof it shall be neeedfull to speake of the state wherein the late King Francis Phoebus left the succession to his sister Katherine who raigned after him Iohn Vicount of Narbone vnkle to her Iohn Vicount of Narbon quarrels for the Earledome of Foix and Seigneury of Bearne and to the deceased King did foorth-with quarrell with the Lords of Foix and Bearne saying that for those lands lying vpon the limits of the Realme of France where women do not succeed that Queene Catherine his Neece was incapable of enioying them and therefore shee ought to content her selfe with her inheritance of Nauarre which is gouerned by other lawes and to leaue those two Lordships to him Vppon this strife great warre arose betwixt the parties the Vicount of Narbonne beeing fauoured by Iasper of Villemur Seneshall of Foix and the Lord of Calmont Iohn of Castel Verdun and others who the yeare 1484. leading with them forces of horse and foot tooke through the trecherie of one called Romengas the towne of Maçeres and then they seized on Monthault and in the end they came to assayle Pamiers where the cittizens would willingly haue receiued the Vicount whom they acknowledged to be a son of the house of Foix but not his souldiers whereat the Vicount being enraged went to S. Antonies which is the Cathedral church and the Bishops place of residence from whence he draue away Paschal who was Bishop and possessor thereof and enthronized Mathew Artigalu therein who pretended and pleaded the sayd Bishopricke against the other the Vicount moreouer doing his best to enter into Pamiers but the inhabitants persisting in their resistance he was constrayned to retire to Maseres from which place he continued the war against his Neece and the princesse Magdalen her mother who sent in the yeare 1485. Iohn of Lautrec to keepe and defend the countrey of Foix with diuers troupes leauied in Bearne and in the Earledome of Bigorre as also to recouer that which Iohn of Foix Vicount had vsurped Lautrec marching on to execute his commission was preuented by the way by Raymond Lordat Lord of Rodel who intreated him from those of Sauardun who some few dayes before had yeelded to the Vicount to pardon them in regard they did it to auoyd the present danger and to appease the Vicounts furie against whom they were not strong enough to resist they being desirous with all their hearts to serue queene Catherine their naturall Princesse and that if her pleasure were to receiue them they wold obey her and most willingly would cast off the Vicounts yoake therefore the Lord of Rodell intreated him to make all the hast he could to Sauardun assuring him that hee should be kindly welcomed and let into the towne Lautrec accepting this offer marched thither and arriued at the bridge gate at the same instant when as the Vicount of Narbone who was aduertised of all their practises entred at another gate called Vlmet These two Lords being met together in this sort did in stead of assayling one another performe offices of complement and they fell into discourse of peace which grew to this conclusion that Iohn of Foix should enioy Sauardun Maseres Monthault and S. Espartio with the church of S. Anthony the castle of Heremen and Montagu with other places and forts the which agreement as being vnlawfull was not obserued for within a few dayes after Odet Cardinall of Carcasson recouered Montagu and S. Anthonies and restored them to Queene Catherine Lautrec likewise on the other side took Montagu S. Espartio with the castle of Heremen which he ouerthrew In those businesses was queen Catherine entertayned in the beginning of her raigne to the great contentment of the chief Lords of the factions in Nauar who in the meane time managed their owne affaires by the intelligences which they had in Castilè notwithstanding any impediment that the Lord of Aubenas was able to giue them who was Viceroy in that Kingdome The yeare following which was 1486. Iohn Vicount of Foix in recompence of the losses he had sustained did by intelligence with certaine of the Inhabitants surprize the towne of Pamiers and left the Lord of Lauellane with certaine companies of souldiers there but Captaine Peter Bunfiere did by the selfe same meanes and by the helpe of a Lock-smith who made false keyes to the gate of Conserans beeing sent thither by the Princesse Magdalen and the Queene her daughter recouer the sayd towne slew diuers of the Garrison with Lauellanet their Captaine and carried thence whatsoeuer hee found yet for all this the warre ended not but continued to the great hinderance and preiudice of the countries of Foix and Bearne during which turmoyles the Princesse Magdalen reiecting the great and profitable match which was offered by the Prince of Castile married her daughter to Iohn of Albret which caused many troubles in the Realme of Nauarre The factious of Nauarr hinder their Princesse marriage For it was no easie matter to bring the factious to any reason Those which had any intelligences with Castile were so farre off from desiring this marriage with Prince Iohn of Castile as they hindered it to their vttermost power because they would not be subiect to a Prince that was mightie and had means to punish their crimes and yet neuerthelesse they could make vse of the occasion why that match was not accomplished by resisting their Princesse and Iohn of Albret her husband and by that meanes vpheld themselues in their tyrannies The absence of the Cardinall of Foix the Queenes Vnkle was a great hinderance to her affaires For this yeare 1486. he was sent for to Rome by Pope Innocent the eighth to be employed for the pacification of Naples which was troubled with ciuill wars betwixt the Barons and their King Fernand the same king beeing at great strife with the Pope who sent this Cardinall to Naples with power as Legate â—a latere where in some sort he composed those differences but he dyed at Rome and neuer returned more into Nauarre the state of which Kingdome beeing thus miserably distracted Amand Lord of Albret father to the new king did resolue to enter into Nauarre where hauing had conference with the Lord of Aubenas his brother who was Viceroy there and then with Iohn de Ribera who spoiling the countrie for the King of
confiscate by the Emperour and giuen to captayne Ambulodâ— The Castle of Beoyuia was of verie great importance for the French that would make warre in Spaine for it is the onely passage by the which they may bring artillerie into Guipuscoa notwithstanding beeing very ill aduised they resolued for the sparing of men and money to ruine it which captaine Beaufils hauing begunne by the commaundement of the Earle of Lude in few dayes hee sapt and vndermined the walles at the foote the which hee vnderpropt with piles which were made hollow and filled with poulder with an intent to giue fire to it and to ouerthrow all the which he hauing done very secretly as he thought it was notwithstanding discouered by one of his owne gunners called great Iohn of Liborne who for some question hee had had with a souldier was retired to the Spaniards and had reuealed this businesse to D. Lewis de la Cuena brother to the generall D. Bertrand wherefore a great number of men of those vallies being all souldiers did presently assemble and were sodainly led by the said commaunder against this castle euen as the French hauing drawne forth their Artillerie and all that was within it Beoyuia a caâ—ilâ— of great importance abandoned by the French did abandon it and hauing already kindled certayne matches to conduct the fire to the poulder and pillars which supported the walles which the Spaniards preuented with great diligence quenching these matches and so preserued the Castle whose walles they did repaire rampire vp and fortifie againe and as a matter of great moment could keepe it well Ochus of Asua was made captayne of that Castle with an hundred souldiers The French finding their owne errour sought afterwards to recouer it there beeing an enterprise made by some gentlemen of the Countrey of Labbord amongst which were the Lords of Ortubia and Semper who hauing leuied about a thousand men of that Countrey and ioyned vnto them a regiment of Germans old souldiers which were in that frontire in the Kings pay they led them to the passage of the riuer of Bidaso which diuides Fraunce and Spaine where they were staied by the resistaunce which they of the Castle made with their artillerie and the Commons of the Countrie whereupon seeking an other foard and other wayes by the mountaines thinking to surprize the garrison they found such resistance of all the Spanish forces which had beene drawne thither as they were defeated and in a maner all slaine Rout of Saint Martiall This was called the rout of Saint Martial for that it was giuen on Saint Martialls day the last of Iune this yeare 1522. In the which the emperour Charles returned into Spaine and landed at Saint Ander the fiue and twentieth of Iuly Returne of the emperour into Spaine from whence hee passed to Vailledolit where hee heard the embassadors of many princes and also the deputies of the realme of Valencia who came to craue pardon for that they had ioyned in vnion with the rebells of Spaine and were the last which submitted whereof they excused themselues vpon the hard vsage of their viceroy D. Iaques of Mendosa whom hauing fauourably heard he comprehended them in the generall pardon which he caused to be published himselfe being present and sitting in his royall throne in view of all the world he depriued Mendosa of the gouernement of Valence by meanes whereof all the strong places and castles of the realme were yeelded vnto him In that of Xatiua there had beene till that time detained D. Ferdinand of Arragon duke of Calabria sonne to D. Frederic the dispossessed king of Naples who died afterwards in France him he deliuered and kept him neere him with honour and fit entertainment commending him that hauing bin solicited by the rebells to be their head he had refused it and in time he caused him to marry Queene Germaine who had beene wife to king Ferdinand his grandfather and was then married againe to the Marquesse of Brandeburgh who died soone after to which Queene Germaine he gaue at that time the gouernement of Valencia Seeing the troubls ended vpon the firm land of Spain Rebellion in 〈◊〉 he had news that the city of Maiorca the whole Iland were reuolted at the instigation of a poore Artisan called Calon wherupon he speedily dispatcht the viceroy with some gallies who thinking to reclaime them by mildnes was beaten back by them with their artillery forced to go out of the hauen with his gallies being incensed the more for that he had refused to shew them the letters of pardon which he said he brought them from the emperour before they had laid downe armes and deliuered him the towne And in this fury they began to fall vpon them which aduised them to acknowledge their prince and to yeelde vnto his mercie The Viceroy being fortified with more shipping went to an other part of the Iland where hee landed his menâ— there many of the Ilanders came vnto him and offered him seruice hauing mustered his armie he found that he had aboue tenne thousand fighting men with the which seeking to inuest and besiege the citie the rebelles sallied couragiously forth and came twice to haâ—dy stroakes and were twice repulsed within their walles the which caused great trouble within the towne for many fainting would haue the gates opened and make triall of the Emperours clemencie but the greatest and strongest part being obstinately desperate reiected this wholesome councell with outrages hanging and cruelly murthering those that were of this aduice if they could get them setting their heads vpon the publique places and towers of the towne a grieuous and fearefull spectacle And then they discharged their rage vpon the wiues children goods and houses of them that were absent with all barbarous cruelty Wherefore they were besieged and baâ—tered both by sea and land so as seeing themselues forced not able long to hold out and without hope of any succours or meanes to escape after that they had indured some assaults and shewed that they had courage they yeelded vpon condition that the people should be pardoned yet there were twelue reserued at the Viceroyes discretion the which were deliuered vnto him among them was Calon the Author of the rebellion Maiâ—rquins vanquished and punished found in a priuie where hee was hidden who being led so defiled to his punishment vpon an Asse and his companions following him on foot they were all pincht with hot yrons and quartered and their heads set vpon the towers and gates of the citie which payed a certaine summe of money in consideration of a fine and for the charges of the warre These troubles being thus supprest the Emperour spent some dayes in sports and would himselfe runne at the tilt to the great contentment of the Spanish nobilitie with whom hee got the reputation to bee a good man at armes During the Emperours abode at Vailledolit Combat betwixt two Arragonois he granted the combat to
auntient beginnings For the ground whereof they suppose one Sigebert who it may be neuer was froÌ„ whom they would draw the families of the Erles of Habsbourg and others and they say that he was sonne to Theodebert king of Austrasia he that was dispossest of his estate and slaine at the instigation of Queene Brunhalt by Theodoric king of Burgondie she being grandmother to these 2 princes That Theodebert and all his sonnes being slaine except Sigebert who hauing escaped the massacre was sent into high Burgondie beyond Mount Iura where he begat sonnes and daughters and that his issue was dispersed into diuers families of Germanie but the French maintained that this pretended Sigebert was fained and fabulous as doth appeare by the best French writers who say that Brunhalt her selfe slue all the sonnes of Theodebert casting her selfe a little one being in his swathing cloths against the stone whose name was Mâ—rouee Theodoric hiâ— other grandchild being also poisoned by her she punished by Clotaire king of France hauing also rooted out the vnlawfull race of Theodoric he vnited the realmes of Austrasia Burgondie to his crowne afterwards hee gaue Austrasia with the title of a realme to his son Dagobert who comming to that of France inuested his sonne Sigebert who dying king of Austrasia left one onely sonne called Dagobert in the garde of Grimoald Maior of his palace who sent his Pupil into Scotland where hee caused him to bee made a monke and soone after died and then hee caused his owne sonne Hildebert to be crowned king But the French to reuenge this disloyaltie brought an armie against him slew Hildebert and carried the father to Paris where hee died in prison Since which Austrasia and Burgundy were gouerned by Maiors of the Palace or Viceroyes vnto Pepin who was crowned King of Fraunce by reason of the idlenesse of Childeric the last king of the race of the Merouingians not by fraud nor violent vsurpation and much lesse through the fauour approbation or counsell of any Pope as some say but by the election consent of the princes and estates of France and therefore with a more iust title if there be any comparison than that by the which the kings of Spaine doe now hold the realme of Nauarre for it is a fundamentall right which neuer dies among the French to haue libertie to choose their kings prouided alwayes that they goe not out of the masculine line of the blood royall in case of some great incapacitie or for some other important accident which concernes the publique good and preseruation of that crowne state which nation among other good humours cannot endure a strangers commaund no not of their owne princes when they seeke hatefull alliances elsewhere and that contemning the honors and sweetnes of their owne country they affect the manners and fashions of strangers whereof Charles of France duke of Lorraine made trial after the decease of king Lewis the 5 his nephew before whom Hugh Capet was preferred being also a prince of the blood but not so neere whom the French reiected for that he was wholie giuen to the fashions of the Germans which are much more tollerable to the French than those of the Spaniards who seek at this day to pretend a right vnder fained genealogies to quarrell for the crowne of France if opportunitie serue whereupon they did conclude that if their auncesters could not indure a prince of France Germanized they should hardly euer accommodate themselues with princes of the German race but Spaniolized yea transformed into meere Spaniards both by nature and education if they should prooue directly that the house of Austria come from the Earles of Habsbourg were descended from the Merouingians and that pretended Sigebert They added moreouer that if the historians of the house of Austria could prooue that their fained Sigebert had beene in the world and could trace out his posteritie directly to Philip King of Spaine now raigning yet could they not make it appeare that either he or Theodebert his father were capable of the crowne of France by reason of the vncertainty of their blood for that queen Brunhalt reported that Theodebert was a supposed childe and that hee was not brother to Theoderic nor son to king Childebert of the blood of France Moreouer they demanded of these curious searchers of the rights of the house of Austria where these princes descending from the pretended Sigebert were hidden whenas the scepter of the French was transferred into the familie of Charles Martell to Pepin and then to Hugh Capet why did they not shew themselues then or at the least make some solemn protestation to preserue their pretensions rights to the crown of France if they thought they had any For they might haue done it safely especially since that they of Habsbourg came vnto the empire and were growne mighty but it is strange that neuer any prince of that race opened his mouth nor imploied any Chronicler to colour this imaginarie title no not the emperor Charles 5 who wanted no ambition seeking to lay hold of it by force only and the right of coÌ„quests D. Philip his son is the first of his family that talks of this antieÌ„t Merouingian nobilitie hath begun to cause instructions to be drawne to entertain his greedie desire to denour France imploying also with the like designe the aliances made by them of his race with the blood of France by mariages thinking thereby to maintain in the house of Spain some hereditary preteÌ„sions to the realm of France if he had no other support The which in good termes of Law is called to slaunder or to cauill which is when one contends for that which is notorious for euery man knows that the realm of France is no inheritance but a succession of the males by reason of the blood and that it respects not the women being contrary to the inueterate custome of the French Thus the French and their partisans restrained the Antiquity the Nobilitie of the kings of Spaine brought them to the house of Habsbourg in Germanie saying notwithstanding that they of Habsbourg and Austria haue great reason to commend the aliances contracted by marriages with the house of France for if they haue drawne any lustre from the Germane empire in Rodulphius the first and other Emperours of their familie they haue made it perfect by the marriages which some of them haue contracted with the Princesses of the blood of Fraunce witnesse the Emperour Maximilian who hauing married the heire of Burgondie had so great lands and possessions by her besides the companie of a noble ladie as he made a waie thereby for Philip his son and his descendants to attaine vnto their greatnes But comming now to the chiefe points which should be decided in this question propounded in a generall Councell which are the pietie and religion of people their princes and their duties and merits to the church of God and to his ministers
Inuention of Saint Iames Sepulcher 179 Indiscretion of D. Guttiere Fernandes 308 Interest of the French king to the crowne of Castile 352 Inhabitants of Pampelona refuse to doe homage to the king of Castile 387 Iniustice of D. Pedro king of Arragon to his brother 419 Insolencies of the French in Sicile ibid. Inuasion of Castile by the king of Granado 442 Integrity of D. Iohn Ramires of Areillan 573 Integrity of Leonora Queene of Castile 601 Intercession for D. Henry Infant of Arragon 684 Infants of Arragon loose all their land in Castile 704 Insolencies of the Constable of Castile made knowne vnto the king 716 Insolency of the commons punished 725 Ingratitude of Pope Calixtus 755 Insolency of the confederats in Castile against the Popes Legat. 800 Insolency of the Master of Saint Iames. 829 Inquisition in Spaine against Iewes and Moores and the fruits thereof 870 Integrity of king Fernand and Queene Isabel. 899 Inquisition in Arragon 927 Iniury don to the kings Receiuers 931 Indians gentle and tractable 946 Inuectiue made by the Constable Velasco against Cardinal Ximenes 926 Intreaty of the Infant D. Fernand to Cardinal Ximenes 954 Insolency against the kings Officers 961 Inigo of Loycla and his family 962 Inquisition of Spaine attempted at Mylan 1111 Inquisition reiected by the Arragonois 1120 Inquisitors what they be ibid. Imprisonment of the Prince of Spaine 1130 Inquisitors sharpe persecutors of Prince Charles 1134. they are chiefe of the councel of Spaine 1135 Insolency of the Spanish soldiers in Granado 1141 Insolency of the Spaniards makes the Moores reuolt 1149 Ioseph king of Granado poisoned 655 Ioane Queene of Nauar punished by the hand of God 764 Ioane Queene of Castile deliuered of a daughter vnlawfully begotten 767 Ioane Infanta of Castile newly borne declared heire of the realme 768 Ioane borne in Adultery the subiect of all the troubles in Castile 778. she is made sure to the king of Portugal 850 Ioane wife to the Archduke Philip heire to Castile and Arragon 963. toucht in her sences 882 D. Iohn of Austria opposite to Prince Charles 1134 he comes to Granado against the Moores 1146. his speech to the army at Lepanto 1168 Irone a chast Virgin 148 Saint Iren taken from the Moores 297 Ismael king of Granado slaine by his subiects 471 Isabel Queene of Castile fauors the Lords against the Constable 743 Isabella sister to king Henry reiects the title of Queene of Castile 805. shee procures a peace in Castile ibid. she is declared heire of the realme 806. she marries with Fernand of Arragon 817. her magnanimity 852. shee is sworne heire to the crowne of Castile 860. she is carefull to doe Iustice 867. she poursueth the rebels in Estremadura 875 Iulian an Earle brings the Moores into Spaine 153 Iudges chosen in Castile 196 Iustice and treasor the chiefe members of an Estate 846 Iustice established in Galicia 884 Iudgement of the Inquisitors against the Prince of Spaine 1131 D. Iohn affects to bee king of Tunes 1174. hee is made gouernor of the Netherlands 1180. he aspires to the crown of Eng. ibid. his death 1181 K KIngs of Spaine at the first what they were 7 Kingdomes erected in Spaine by the Arabians and Christians 24 1. Kings in the battaile whereas Attila was defeated 134 1. King forced by his children to leaue his crowne 191 1. King dispossest becomes his sons Lieutenant ibi 2 Knights of the Lilly in Nauar. 235 1. Kings of Spaine doe not acknowledge the Emperor 240 2. Knights Christians in pay with the Moores 247 1. Kings of Castile and Arragon spoile the heire of Nauar of his kingdome 249 2. Knights of Calatraua first instituted 304 1. Kings of Leon and Castile in quarrel 321 1. Kings of Nauar and Leon inuade Castile 330 1. King of Castile inuades Nauar. 335 1. King of Castile being young deliuered into the hands of them of Lara 350 1. King of Leon enters Castile with an army against his owne sonne 354 1. King of Seuile a Moore tributary to the king of Castile 363 1. King of Arragon asketh pardon of the Pope 370 1. King of Nauar confesseth himselfe vassal to him of Castile 387 1. Kings of Moores dispossest and chased out of Spaine 388 1. Kingdome of Tremissen 408 1. King of Maroc passeth into Spaine 409 King of Maiorca dispossest by his brother 422 King of Arragon set the Infants of Cerde at liberty 434 King of Granado deposed 455 King of Arragon makes warre against the Moores of Affrike 482 King of Castile inuades Portugal with an army 505 Knights in Castile executed 553 King of Nauarre sends for his wife 643 King of Castile beseeged by his own subiects 683 King of Nauarres lands in Castile for feited and giuen away 696 King of Arragon defeated and taken prisoner at sea by the Geneuois 709 Kings of Castile and Nauarre visit the Constable 724 King of Castile puts the Constable to death more through base feare then for the loue of Iustice. 745 King of Nauarre and the Lords pacified and reconciled to the new king of Castile 750 King of Castile contemned of his subiects 753 King of Castile makes warre against Nauarre 766 King of Castile reproched with the adulterat birth of his supposed daughter 781 King of Portugal abandons Zamorra 854 his base courage 864. he despaires 865 King of Manicongo becomes a Christian. 950 Kings of France and Arragon diuide the realme of Naples and dispossesse Frederic 966 King of Nauar and his wife in factions 885 King of Tremessen defeated by the Spaniards 1009 King of Tunes taken by his sonne 1010 King of Tunes expelled by Vluccialy 1160 King of Fez defeated by the Xeriffes 1185 King of Fez and Marocat warre 1187 King of Fez defeated and taken 1188. he is set at liberty ibid. Kings of Maroc electiue 1195 L LAnguage of the Spaniards at this day 30 Lauron taken by Sertorius in the view of Pompey 110 Lawes of king Sisebuth 146 Law made by the Gothes not to marry the kings widow 151 Law of defying a towne 246 Laurence Suarez betraies king Aben Hut who had entertained him in his exile 371 Lands called Beetries in Biscay c. 533 Lands of the crowne giuen in recompence of seruice 622 Lands confiscated being giuen away hinder the peace 715 Lamentation of Isabella of Castile 942 Landgraue of Hessen feared by the Emperour 1116 Lebrissa and the beginning 8 Leon taken by the Christians 171 League of Christian Princes and Moores in Spain against the French 181 Leon the Christians chiefe city taken by the Arabians 213 League betwixt the king of Castile and Prince of Arragon against Nauar. 289 Leira taken by the Moores 292 League against Nauar. 320 League against Castile made by Arragon Leon and Portugal 327 League betwixt the king of Arragon and the widow Queene of Nauarre 385 Lewis the French king quits his right to Castile 395 League and marriage betwixt Nauar and Arragon 491 Leonora de Guzman mistresse to the king