Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
land_n	manor_n	singular_a	tenement_n	1,562	5	10.4091	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A01017	Feudigraphia The synopsis or epitome of surueying methodized. Anatomizing the whole corps of the facultie; viz. The materiall, mathematicall, mechanicall and legall parts, intimating all the incidents to fees and possessions, and whatsoeuer may be comprized vnder their matter, forme, proprietie, and valuation. Very pertinent to be perused of all those, whom the right, reuenewe, estimation, farming, occupation, manurance, subduing, preparing and imploying of arable, medow, pasture, and all other plots doe concerne. And no lesse remarkable for all vnder-takers in the plantation of Ireland or Virginia ... Composed in a compendious digest by W. Folkingham. G.	Folkingham, W. (William)	1610 (1610)	STC 11123; ESTC S102453	47,378	98

V. DEterminant Valuation concludes and determines the Right and Interest of the Possident by Alienation of the Fée or Possession And in this Action sith it is not Reiterable it is expedient to retriue the vtmost Value and worth to which purpose that due prizalls may be produced estimate all particulars both in Reuenew vt supra And also Respectiue as Edifices Heire-Loomes Engines Timber Tinsel Ward-ships Aduowsions Villaines Commons Wasts and other things in Grosse with all Perquisites of like Nature Now by opposing the Estimation of Reprises to the Totall Valuation the Remanet is rectified and the true Value retriued And thus much for the first part of a Compleate Suruey FINIS Briefe directions for orderly marshalling of Surueyes for accommodating of Field-entries in Rough-Bookes for Engrossements and their Exemplifications with framing of Terrars Rentals Custome and Court-Rolls Particulars c. FOr other Instructions and Presidents requisite for methodical operations in Surueying of Lands Euidences with formal Exemplifications incident therevnto I must deferre them till the impression of the Second part In the meane time not altogether to defraud the expectation of the diligent I haue intimated these fewe Inductions ensuing which though they may séeme too cursorie and incompetent to giue full satis-faction and information for the due disposures of the copious remarkables occurrent in a compleat Suruey in fit Symboliographie yet I doubt not but the ingenious Practizer may pick-forth more ample Presidents than may séeme at first viewe to be comprizable in the decurted Passages as well of the former Tractate as of this Supplement To Suruey a Manour Out of the Series and Protasis formerly dilated contriue the Articles suiting the exigence of the Seignorie to be giuen in charge to the Iurie and that in writing for more substantiall and direct procéeding The Tenants both Feudataries and Termors entred the Charge ended and their Estates summarily recorded your Assistants ready and all things prepared procéede to the Suruey describing Plots and noting in a Rough-booke in Folio all occurrents as they fall remarkable And in this practise you are not cōfined to imitate or insist vpon the precedent Protasis or other President nor abridged of a voluntary proposition of any other iudicious Method The alternate Pages may bee delineated into certaine generall and Collaterall Heads for expedition as well of the entries instant as of engrossements to be selected noting all Extrauagants orderly in the appropriate parallel of the opposite Page so shall you auoide diffused accumulations which would confound and puzzle the speciall Head in marshalling forth particular and due contriuances Nor shall it be impertinent to Kalander or Characterize each Modulet of the Ploat with the rough Entrance thereby to facilize and expedite the ingrossements incident in contriuing whereof an indigested Chaos of obseruations would much intricate you in regard the order pursued in perambulation must necessarily be inuerted in the Exemplification Page 1. Tenant and Character Appellation Place Boundage Mensuration Content Improuement       P. a. r. P. l. Hugo Belham E. Hayed M. Tremaine 24 5. 15.2.20 10. Elwood Greene. VV Siewing Th. Dewhurst 25 5.   N. Shawing I. Franckish   Rent Estimate A. East-field S. Shawing C. Gifford 100 l. s. d. l.         7.10.0 150. Page 2. opposite This Pasture is proiected in large Ridges extended and declining South the Soile is a sandy Clay of 18 inches Crust close sworded and well repleate with Trefoiles Cinquefoile Ribwort Morsus Yarrow and other grasing Herbes of good growth with a Dayrie House in the N. W. corner of two good Bayes and a faire Pond 7 pole direct East from the House springing from the West forth of a male grauell the Base of the Soile the Hedge-Rowes are well growne and stored with Peare-trées and Appletrées of good Fruite c. 1. In these entries the Tenant is both expressed and assigned his Modulet with the Character 2. There are opponed Residence Species Habitude Crassitude Inuesture Ground-Plots Edifices Engines tho last 3 must also be plotted Now to Engrosse a compleate Suruey Modulize Alternate Pages and particulate the Opposite with due obseruations and characterize the Euidences To exemplifie the Engrossement without delineation of the Models there is a method to be pursued in the particular Entries according to their Eminences and kindes of Estates and Euidences In Frée-holds Record the Possident Title Possessions Tenure Descent and Reseruation In Copy-holds the Possident Title Possessions Habendum Fine Reseruation In Leases Commencement Parties Demise Habendum Reddendo Couenants In spirituall liuings Site Edifices Glebe Decimals Reprises Valuation Estimate Patronage Incumbent Medowe Pasture Arable require seueral Contents In the Entries of all saue the first the Boundage Extent of Cartelages must-be-recorded In Edifices and Engines their dimensions matter forme and Repaire are remarkable Out of the Exemplification of the whole Composition and Body of the Suruey these subsequents may be selected viz. Terrars Rentals Customaries Suit-Rolls and Particulars and thus framed Digest in orderly composure Edifices Homesteads Curtelages lands ground-plots c. with their qualities sites and proportions Compose in computable digestment all the Tenants with their Tenements and Rents in particular Recorde in fit contriuance all and singular the Customes and Priuiledges of the Manour Inroll all the Feudataries Suiters to the Court with their Fées Tenurage Rents and Seruices Particularize Qualities Contents Rents instant and improueable Perquisites Parallels and other Reuenewables and Respectiues with vendible and distinct Estimates Reduce all Reprises to a due Method and Record the Remanet And for retriuing validities of estates it is not impertinent to deriue the Sequences in Déeds from Auncestrie and thereby to contriue Offices for the Tenure For other the Lords Possessions comprised in the Suruey and reputed no part or member of the Manour they require to be recorded apart in the Infra vnder the Title of Non-Parcels Vizt Churches Chappels Almes-houses c. Also Patronages Villaines Commons Annuities and other particulars helde in Grosse Register all Omissions vnder the title of Memorandums FINIS Errata FOl. 5. line 10. read Pederas f. 12. l 10. r. Male f. 14-l 19. r. Chauning f. 26. l 3. r. Interea f. 36. l. 3. r. Holie Wormewood f. 38. l 23. r. Wound-wort f. 38. l. 25. r. Marish f. 44.16 Cauallirs f. 61. l. vlt Piramides Prismaes wanting in some Copies to be set in the Margent a Feudigraphia imposturà fit Pseudographia Dwarenus Actiue Mathematicall Mechanical Materiall Legall Passiue Essentiall Matter Naturall Earth Species Vulgar Pretious Liquable Salt Alume Bitumen Not-meltable Habitude Composure Base Pregnance Quarries Mines Crust The Crassitude Inuesture Grouth Soils known by their productions Animalia a For bignes strength and fiercenesse Waters Comorant Stagnant Fluent Current Influent Floating Matter cōmunicate Waters Transient Climate Latitude Aire Nature of Waters Cognisance of good Water Aquae Calidae Brynage Repletion Matter Artificiall Tillage Vertilage Deluage Caruage Scaphiage Fictilage Fertilage The Nature of grounds how known Mixture Blacke Red. Compacture found by the stowage Moulding Weight Taste Smell Pulla Cariosa Production Barren layer Characters of rich soyles Enriching Surroundings Bogges Stones Bushes Broome Heath Ferne. Flags Thistles Burres Rushes Mosse Ant-Hils Oates Chearing Cold and moist Hot and drie Brittle Mould Spewing Boggie A Paradox Stiffe-Clay Soal-bound Chapping Denshiring Meddowe Kreatings Sowing of Seedes Sea-sand Ashes Rich Soyles 1. Lime Mault-dust Horne-shauings Burning of Beate 2. Lime Slecked Lime The quantity of Compost The quality Birdes Poultry Doues Ajax Asse Sheepe Neate and Horses Swine Lime Compost Artificiall Optimum Stercus Vegetables Vraic Sata Lupines Saffron Pillers of the soyle Marle Two sortes of Marle Leucargilla Tripela Gliscomargon Capnumargos Pelias The quantity Stony Marls Sandie Marle Intersoilings Waterings The Riuer Nilus Rectifying Sande Graine Barly Rie Beanes Roots Olera Hearbs Trees Sunne Shade Sympathies Composts Peculiar Spiritus Intrabit Seminaria Plantarum erigent vigorem suum Antipathies Chiefe Productions Change of Seede Ground Plotts Adiunct Edifices Engines Forme Situation Primarie Secundarie Selio est terra elata inter duos sulcos Ridges Flats Stitches The best Site Boundage Confrontage Collaterage Compound Remote Degrees Coastage Neighbourage Proportion Lineal Fals. Perches diuers Measures Decimated Cominus Wadding To a Place not in view Eminùs Calculation Proiection Plotting Delineation Plaine-Table Horizontalls Irregulars Generall Plotting 〈◊〉 Archi●●ture Tricking The Flie. Meridian Scale Kalender Colours Arable Meddowes Pasture Heathes Trees Barke Waies Water Sea Compartiments Content Quadrantata Terrae Acrarum diuersitas Mensura Maior Minor Arpent Bouata Terrae Librata Terrae Virgata Terrae Carucata Terrae Hida. Feudum Militare Cantred Baronie Earledome Dignities indiuisible Reliefes of Dignities Superficiall 1. Triangles 2. Parallelograms 3. Squares * 4. Polygonons 5. Circles Sectors Sections Cones Cylinders Globes Cubes or Hexaedrons Solid Pyramides and Cones Prismaes Cylinders Cubes Gloabes Globie Sections Content Crescent Accidentall Partes Proprietie Vocall Nominate Cognominate Evidentiall Proprietie Possident Dignitie Right Allodium Terra Regis Auncient Demaine Frank. Free Feudum Feifz and Arrierfiefz Feodum simplex Feodum Taliatum Terminable Right Tenant Dutie Euidence Limitation Termer Discent Lineall Collaterall Pedigrees Sequences Possession Eminence Incidents Lordships Courts Immunities Auncient Demeisme Toll Foote-geld Waiues Infangthef Felonies Theame Abishersing Blood-wit Estouers Tenure Confinage Condition Seruice Manour Court Extinct Non-Parcels vnited Manour diuisible Not vniable Demesnes Out-landt how restraind Rents of Assize Seruices deuided Chiualry Regall Chiualry Capite Sergeantie Grande Petit. Common Chiualry Escuage Vncertaine Castel-ward Certaine Soccage Chiefe Franke. Base Villenage The person nor the Freehold impeached Copy-hold Meere Copy-hold Fines Customary folk-Folk-land Bock-land Conuersion of Fees Fealty Fee-Farme Valuation Reuenewes Rents Proper Improper Posse Incident Perquisites Pregnance Production Casualtie Appurtenants Appendant Dormant Regardant Parallels Hunting Hawlking Fishing Fowling Reprises Reall Personall Determinant Valuation Engrossement Free-hold Copie-hold Demise Rectorie vicarage Terrars Rentalls Customaries Suit-Rolls Particulars Sequences Offices Non-parcel Memorandum

FEVDIGRAPHIA THE SYNOPSIS OR EPITOME OF SVRVEYING METHODIZED Anatomizing the whole Corps of the Facultie Viz. The Materiall Mathematicall Mechanicall and Legall Parts Intimating all the Incidents to Fees and Possessions and whatsoeuer may be comprized vnder their Matter Forme Proprietie and Valuation Very pertinent to be perused of all those whom the Right Reuenewe Estimation Farming Occupation Manurance Subduing Preparing and Imploying of Arable Medow Pasture and all other Plots doe concerne And no lesse remarkable for all Vnder-takers in the Plantation of Ireland or Virginia for all Trauailers for Discoueries of forraine Countries and for Purchasers Exchangers or Sellers of Land and for euery other Interesse in the Profits or Practise deriued from the compleate SVRVEY Of Manours Lands Tenements Edifices Woods Waters Titles Tenures Euidences c. Composed in a compendious Digest by W. FOLKINGHAM G. Quae prosunt singula multa iuvant LONDON Printed for Richard Moore and are to be solde at his shop in Saint Dunstanes Church-yard in Fleete-streete 1610. ¶ The Contents of the foure Sections of the Art of Surueying The first Section INtreateth of the Materialls of Possessions of the diuersities of Earthes Waters Quarries Mines of the Crusts and Investures of Grounds with their peculiar Subduing Manuring and Imploying of fitting seuerall sorts of Graine Hearbes Rootes Plants with Plots of Conuenient Temper and appropriate Layer of the Natures and kindes of Marle and Compost of Ground-Plots and Edifices The second Section Sheweth the Situation Residence and lying of Grounds suiting their seuerall Tempers their Boundage and Neighbourage with markeable obseruations arising from the same the Measuring Calculation Plotting and Proiection of Lines Figures Bodies Buildings the Tricking of Plots and Maps with Colours Characters Charts and other Complements The third Section Intimateth the Natures and Proprieties of Possessions Tenures Seruices Titles Rights Fees Immunities Discents and other Incidents The fourth Section Demonstrateth how Lands and Possessions are valueable in respect of their seuerall Issues Rents Perquisites Priuiledges and other Accrewments and Reuenueables duely regarding their Reprises The Marshalling and digesting of the whole Suruey contriuing of Field-Entries in Rough-books Engrossing of the Exemplificatiōs the Surueying and abbreuiating of Deedes Composing of Terrars Rentals Particulars c. ❧ To the Right Honourable and most Noble Lord WILLIAM Lord Compton Baron of Compton Nestors yeeres with the felicitie of both Worldes TO deriue my inducements Right Honourable of Dedicating these shallow Deseignes vnto a Mecaenas of such Supereminence from Presidents of worthy witts and particular Obligees to eminent Patrons my Fortunes haue not so auspiciously endeared me their happy Fauourite But the Vniuersall concurrence of good Hearts with hearty zeale from the Verge of a vaste extent in the Center of true affectionated praise of your worth and prayers for your weale hath hasted haled-on the whole Current of my affections to runne with the Generall Concurse of vnfained welwillers to congratulate your Lordships hopefull and happie Consolidations For such and so manifold are those worthy Attributes of accomplished Amplitude and magnified Merits dimayning from the sacred Source of true Nobility that they haue euen winged my feruent Desires more animated with self-approument of deuote sinceritie then amazed with myrrors of Magnificence to the consecrating of these my prest Deseignemēts to your Honourable Patrocinie But if such Motiues bee incompetent to giue due Colour of excuse to Intrusions so exorbitant I beseech your Lordship giue me leaue to flee to the prostrate Plea of praying your gracious Indulgence for my rude Presume in daring from the remote Nadir of obscurity to eleuate the flaggie Wing of so weake a Pineon towards the Zenith of Perfection the mark and Pitch for Skie-towring Faulcons whose Quills imped with strong Sarcells of the Grace of Greatnes are inlisened and inhabled to transcende and climbe-aboue the mistie Vapours that cloude and Eclipse all Flights which peirce not to the Welkin of the Worthies For who sees not that Heroes Gods Vice-gerents can dignifie euen the inglorious Groome giue such Glosse and Tincture to home-made Statuaes as shal attract the Eye of wonder to magnifie the potent Artists for refining remoulding their now new creatures as well as with the Touch-stone of refined knowledge detrud banish all Deseignes disfurnisht of true due self-worth from the Confines of high Repute But least in labouring with invulgar Ingredients to palate an ill seasoned Seruice I should by tedious and vnrelished Tearmes impart a worse distaste I will screw-vp this Key with the prostrate sacring of my selfe and my poore Endeauours at the Shrine of your gracious Clemencie And so euer wishing vnto your Honour the happie fruition of vnconfined Felicity I rest now and euer London at the White Hart in Cheape-side Iunij 6. 1610. Your Lordships humbly deuoted W. Folkingham To the Beneuolent and iudicious READER SHould I insist vpon tedious Appologies for due approuement of the Faculty of Surueying impugned by the vulgar and shallow Disputes of refractorie Opposites which absurdly transferring their hard Imputations against it from the faulty and defectiue Abuse to the iust and lawfull Vse of the same doe most iniuriously and vniustly traduce and scandalize this vnblameable Arte all her Agents 't is hazard but I should heare of Mindaes Cynical Memento if I incurred no harder a Censure It is a World to see the sottish pressures vrged against the admeasuring of land yet the Vse of Ponderous and Concaue Measures both Dry and Liquid are no lesse commendable than Common in venting of Wares and Merchandize and what greater iniquity in the vsing admeasurements in Grounds than in Graine Cloath and Stuffes were retailed by the yard when a sumptuous Potentate might be hosed for 3 shillings which now will scarce hose a frugall Peasant Bilanx est arbiter aequus the Hand may faile in certaintie of Poize and the Eye in Randon sans Rule but the Beame and Chaine balke no Truthes nor blaunch Vn-truthes the Empirick or the Methodist which is the better Phisician Take away Number Weight Measure you exile Iustice and reduce and haile-vp from Hell the olde and odious Chaos of Confusion Priuate Intelligencers intimating by their roaued Aymes at Quantities and Qualities vnder-hand and sinister informations abuse the Lessor wrong the Lessee where the iust and iudicious Feudigrapher who aymes at competent Improuements sans pressure of the Feudatarie or oppressure of the Fermor duly and discreetly obseruing all particulars incident to the Plot certifies a true Relation by the Leuel-draught of whose impartiall Parallels may be produced that Meane in Rating of Estimates which the due Port of men of Place and Eminence no way supportable Rebus sic stantibus with Reuenewes of former Ages doth most iustly challenge What should I speake of scanted Estimates of Acres exacted from ouer-awed Tenants or rated by positiue Will of the Ouertures of scandall raised against Surueyors by the Owners concealing of failing Contents or vouching of Validities and Extents

or Termer Tenant in the first signification sometimes imports duety of Tenurage as Tenant by Knight-seruice Socage Tenant in Villenage Burgage Frank-Fée Tenens per Catapultam tenens Nativus Sometimes it intimates his Euidence as Tenant by Charter Copie of Court-Roll Verge Somtimes it implies the extent of his estate of right as Tenant in Fée-simple Fée-taile at will of the Lord according to the custome of the Manour or by common Lawe Sometimes it beares relation to the L. of the Fée as Tenant in chiefe very Tenant viz. holding immediatly of his L. Mesn Tenant Parauaile viz. the lowest Tenants most remote from the L. Paramount There is also ioint-tenant sole-tenant tenant in Common Tenant signifying the Termer is diuersified according to the exigence of the efficient causes of Possessions as Tenant in Dowre by Courtesie by Will Lease Copie Extent Elegit Execution Statute Merchant or of the Staple c. And thus much for the Title CHAP. III. DIscent is the deuolution of Possessions deriued to the Heire apparant from his Auncestrie by vnauoidable Right and Succession And this Discent is either of Bloud or of Inheritance Discent of Bloud is either Lineal or Collaterall Lyneal Discent is conueyed downe in a right line from Grand-father Father Sonne Nephew c. And here is produced an Heire Generall Collateral Discent springs foorth of the side of the whole Blood or Kinne as Grand-fathers brother Fathers brother c. And in this case the Heire is saide to be Speciall This Discent of Blood is retriued by deriuage of Pedegrées from Auncestrie by inherent Birth-right and lawfull succession Discent of Inheritance is deduced by deriuing Sequences of Déedes from the Crowne or from him that had Nouell Fée And both these are very requisite to be intimated for the manifestation of the Validities of Estates whether the right dimaine from Heritage or forraigne acquisition And hitherto of the Possident It followes to entreat of the Possessions CHAP. IIII. IN the Possession the Nature and Tenure require to be iudiciously discussed and recorded For the Nature 't is expedient to notifie the Eminence thereof whether Grande as Honours Courts Castels Manours Seignories Forrests Chases Parks Demesnes Or Petty as Graunges Farmes Tenements Messuages Cotages Curtilages Lofts Crofts Commons In both these kinds diligent and particular enquirie must be had of their Incidents by Royalties Prerogatiues Iurisdictions Franchises Priuiledges Liberties Rights c. conferred vpon them by Act of Parliament Statute Charter letters Patents Graunts or acquired and confirmed by custome or prescription Hence comes the Lordship Marcher or Royall vsing iura Regalia Vide Stowe 176. And Forrests haue their Courts of Attachment Swanimote Eyre or Iustice Seate So Markets Faires Court of Pie-Powders for Faires Court-Léete Law-day or View of Franck Pledge Court Baron Also Wrecks Swannage Warrenage Commonage Piseage c. Immunities and Exemptions from Theolonie Pontage Picage Murage Pannage Passage Tranage Lastage Chiminage Stallage Caiage c. of all which Tenentes Honoris Dominij de Richemonde per consu etudinem Angliae sunt quieti per totum Regnum so other Honours haue their Priuiledges as Ampthil Tickhil Follingham c. The Tenants of Manours holding fréely by Charter in ancient Demeisne cannot be impleaded nor empanelled vpon Enquests out of the same Manour and they are Toll-frée for all things concerning their sustenance and husbandrie and exempt from contribution towards the expenses of Knights of the Parliament or Shiere Vid. Fitzh Na. br 14. 128. Infeoffing with Toll implies Fréedome from Custome c. With Caruage from taxation by Carues With Bruckboote from repairing and reedifying of Bridges with Burghboote from the like for Castels Foote-geld implies a Priuiledge to kéepe Dogges within the Forrest not expeditated or lawed sans controule Horne-geld fréedome from taxe for Horne-beasts there Waiues Weifes or waiued goods import all goods and chattels which being stolne are left or forsaken by the thiefe in his fugacie Infangthef enables the L. of the Manour to iudge of Felons enhabiting within the Fée And Vtfangthef to iudge or at least to execute iudgement of Felons apprehended within the Fée For Accrewments to the L. of the Manour by Felons not onely their goods both Reall and Personal are forfaited but also their lands not entailed escheat to the Lord Post annum diem vastum except in Gloucestershiere where the lands reuert to the right heire after the Kings yéere and day Also in the Tenure of Gauelkinde in Kent where the father to the Bough the sonne to the Plough Baronies infeoffed with Theame alias Them haue power to dispose of Villaines their Children goods and Chattels Abishersing alias Mishersing implies both forfaitures and Amerciaments of all transgressions within the Fée and also the immunity from like penalties Blood-wit confers all Amerciaments of Courts for effusion of blood Estouers granted out of Woods or Forrests include House-boote Hay-boote and Plow-boote CAP. V. OF the Nature of Possessions I haue spoken somewhat The Tenure of Lands and Tenements is the manner whereby they are helde of their Lords Grande Cust Cap. 28. In euery Tenure the Confinage Condition therof are remarkable The Confinage shewes to what Lord Honour Castell Manour c. the Seruice and Suitage whereunto the Lands and Tenements are lyable is due The condition intimates the Nature of the seruice or duty which the Tenant by reason of his Fée oweth vnto the Lord. This Seruice is by Hotoman defined to be Munus obsequij clientelaris and this must be of ancient Commencement and continuance sith it is not now erigible or to be created but by the Kings prerogatiue as parcel of a Manour though it may by contract be established in a kinde of Seignorie in Grosse For a Manour is a Seignorie or Dominium consisting of Demesnes and Seruices of long continuance and these may be comprehended vnder parts Essentiall and Accidentall Here note if the Lord so dismember his Manour as that hee leaues not Frée-holders or if all the Frée-holders saue one doe escheate then is hee disabled to kéepe a Court Baron for want of Suitors Land may holde of a Manour by certaine Seruices which may be Parcel of the Manour and the land Non-Parcel but by Escheat the Seruice is extinguisht and the land comes in place and becomes Parcell in due consolidation But forraigne land cannot be vnited to a Manour yet may a Manour be deuided into diuers by Partition of Coparceners Nor can two distinct Manours by practise be made one in perfect Vnion howsoeuer such an innouation continued without contradiction may in processe of time become to be reputed one in name and vse there being no Record extant to the contrarie Yet one Manour holding of an other may by Escheat be annexed to the

same and so be consolidated and become one in vse But to returne Demesnes are all such lands as haue béene time out of minde helde in occupation and manurance together with the Site of the Mansion or Manour House called in some places Berries Halls Manour places Courts and Court-houses for maintenance of the Lords house These Demesnes were called of the Saxons who had the substance though not the name of Manours Inlandt and by Bracton lib. 4. bord-Bord-lands and the Seruices Vtlandt in opposition though it may in some sort be restrained to comprehend onely Lands Tenements and Hereditaments yéelding Rents of Assize viz. originall and set in certainty as for Frée-hold Copie-hold or Customarie land all which are Parcel in Seruice For the Diuision of Seruices they may be all comprehended vnder Chiualrie and Soccage Chiualrie or Seruitium Militare is a Tenure or Seruice obliging the Feudatarie personally to performe vnto his Lord some honorable or Martiall office And this confers to the Lord the Heire being in Non-age at the Fathers death the Reall Seruices of Wardship Marriage and Reliefe in lieu of the Personal Seruice which the Heire in regard of minority is not able to execute Chiualry or Knight-seruice is deuided into Regall and Common Regall Chiualrie is solely confineable to the King and is properly called Sergeantie And this holdes either méerely and immediately of the King as of his Crowne which is a Corporation and Seignorie in Grosse and is then further called Tenure in Capite or Chiefe Or mediately of the King by reason of some Honour Manour Castel Fitzh Kitch Sergeantie Sergeantia or Seriantia is either Grande or Petit. Grande Sergeantie is where Lands are helde of the King by some noble Seruice performeable by the Tenant personally Petit Sergeantie is where Lands are held of the King to yéeld him annually some small military furniture towards his warres Common Chiualrie is that Seruice which may indifferently be confined to the Prince or to a common person and is called Escuage viz. Shield-seruice which is either Vncertaine or Certaine Escuage vncertaine is of two sorts First where the Tennant is Tenure-bound at his owne cost and charges to follow his Lord in the Kings warres or to send a sufficient man in his steade there to continue according to the proportion of his Fée viz. after the rate of 40. daies for a Knights Fée Secondly where he is bound by himselfe or his Deputy to defend a Castell so oft as it shall come to his course or turne and is called in this case Castel-warde Ma. Cha. 20. Escuage Certaine is where the Tenant is set at a certain pecuniarie charge viz. 20 shillings for a Knights Fée in lieu of such vncertaine Seruices as aforesaide And this léeseth the nature of Knight-seruice and is in effect Socage though not méerely because it smels not of the Plowe though it still retaine the name of Escuage Na. Br. 84. Litl CHAP. VI. SOccage Soccagium is a Tenure of Lands obliging the Feudatary to the performance of certaine inferiour and husbandly seruices vnto the Lord of the Fée sans Wardship mariage Reliefe Soccage is also capable of the distinction of Chiefe and Common Soccage in Chiefe or Capite is that which holdes immediatly of the King as of his Crowne Praerog 41. Common Soccage is that which holdes of the King or some other Capitall Lord by meanes of some Manour Ibidem Soccage is either Franck liberum or Base Villanum Franke Soccage is where in lieu of seruice in kinde asumme of money is paid to the Lord. Base Soccage is a Seruile kinde of Tenure and is deuided into Villanum Soccagium and Purum Villenagium The first is where a determinat Seruice is performable by reason of the Tenement and not of the person of the Tenant The other is where the Feudatarie is lyable to vncertaine and indeterminat Seruice at the absolute and instant will and demaund of the Lord. Bracton Na. Br. 94. Yet may a man sans impeach of fréedome in regard of his person hold in Pure Villenage Nor is liberum tenementum impeached to him that holdes it in Villano Soccagio if it be to him and to his heires Bracton There be other branches of Soccage as Burgage Frank-Almoine And Copy-hold saith Kitchin 80 is a base Tenure and was originally called Villenage Fitz. 12. But to retaine the moderne appellation some of this is Méere Copy-hold and escheats forthwith to the Lord by Felony Kitch 81. And some is of more eminence and held by Verge in auncient Demeisne according to the Custome of the Manor being in effect a kinde of Frée-hold though reputed Copy and yéelds to the King Annum diem Vastum vpon Felony Some Copy-holds are fineable at the Lords will and some only are lyable to a certain rate and this is a kind of inheritance called Customary not simply at the will of the Lord. But there is a kinde of Customary Land of the Ancient Dutchy of Cornewall and other places where the Tenants haue no Transcripts of the entries of their admittances And this was called Folke-land and the Tenants may be termed Tenants by Court-Roll according to the Custome of the Manour But where the Tenants are by reason of the Transcripts of admittances called Tenants by Copy of Court-Roll there the Land is Charter-land or Bockland Kitch 86.89 For the Definition of a Copy-holder reade West in his Symbol 1. parte 646. And for the various Customes of Copy-holders in seueral Manours 't is as néedlesse as endlesse to capitulate or enumerate them in this Tractate But both méere Copy-holde may be conuerted into Fée and likewise Fées changed from their first institution by feofment as out of Chiualry for certaine yéerely Rent into Fée-Farme sans further duty than is specially comprised in the Graunt except Fealty alone which by probability is still on foote because it is inseperably incident to all Tenures For whosoeuer is invested in Fée though in the fréest maner holdeth perfidem fiduciam that is by Fealty at least Smith Rep. Anglorum 3. And Dwarenus saith that Fidelitas est substantia Feudi Fée-Farme is a Fée and importeth a perpetuity to the Inuestée and his heires for an annuall Rent of the third or fourth part of the Value Fitzh 210. But if the Rent reserued be behinde and vnpaide for the space of two yéeres then may the Feoffour or his heires by Action recouer the Lands as their Demesnes Britton 66. And land thus held comes néere to the Nature of Ager vectigalis amongst the Ciuillians And hitherto of the Propriety of Possessions It remaines to intreate of their Valuations THE SYNOPSIS OR EPITOME OF SVRVEY METHODIZED SECTION IIII. How Possessions are to be valued by reason of their seuerall issues Rents Perquisites Priuiledges and other profits with

pursue the Wadd But if the place cannot bee brought within view instrumentalize the tract at Randon the difference of intersection found by protracting the trauerse or by angular comparison shewes the point or degrée to be pursued Now for remote lines the operation is produced by the doctrine of Triangles one side and two angles or one angle and two sides being giuen As to instrumentalize a distance first point-forth two competent stations and from the first quantulate the angle betwixt the marke and second station and at the second station take the angle betwixt the first Station and marke Now the solution may be wrought either by Calculation or Proiection The first depends vpon the knowledge of Sines and Tangents and is founded vpon this Theoreme In all right-lined Triangles the mutuall proportion of one Latus to another is such as the Sines respecting their Angles are proportionall But for as much as this conclusion is more familiarly found out by protraction I will deferre the Proposition vntill another time By Proiection Protract or proiect first a line representig the stationall distance and from each extreame extend a line including an angle equall to the peculiar angle found the intersection of these two lines demonstrates the marke and the distances are manifested by the Scale The same reason serues for heights and depthes And by the continued progresse of such operations the Plots and Mapps of landes tenements Cities Townes and Countries are produced c. CHAP. V. THe Plotting of lands and possessions comprehends their Topographicall and Mathematicall Description and Consists in Delineation Tricking Delineation is conuersant in pourtraying the Types Surfaces and Scheames of the Subiect and Adiunct And for exact working of both these the Plaine-Table is most accomodate for the vse whereof and of other instrumm●ts there are peculiar Treatises extant and therefore I will onely touch some fewe Rules in briefe To Plot with Plaine-Table At each alternate angle produce diagonalls for plant-lines to the antegrade station and so compasse the Plot. To Plot a field at 2. or moe stations Extende lines from each station to euery marke chayning the stationall line onely To Rectifie the Plot diagone alternate angles Table retro grade the Ruler To Rectifie the stationall line From some competent plaine instrumentalize the leuell distance To retriue leuell or horizontall lines and angles in vnleuell and hypothenusall Plots From 2. or more competent stations vpon a plaine either naturall by position or rectified from remote in the Plot or adiacent delineate the whole Plot. And by this Plot to giue the true content note each line with the superficiall dimensions found by the Chaine To Plot irregular Arch-lines From the mids of the Chorde-extend a perpendicular to the Arch or proiect a Triangle by producing 2. Crures from the Chords extreames a iudicious eye rectified with these mensurations may ad vnguem pricke downe the Delineations The best way to expedite the exact Plotting of mixte irregulars and consequently of any Fielde Plant not the Table at euery Angle but to preuent pussing and to assure a iust closing extend from some fewe Maine Angles or competent stations in the Plot Base lines secants contingents parallels c. for Boundaries or deleble Plant-lines and from conuenient distances in the same distantiate euery By dispersed in the Plot and so pricke forth the Angles Curues and Deuiations For Delineating of Adiuncts as Edifices and other erections the Prospectiue glasse is facil compendious but for want thereof take this generall Rule Proiect all Plumbe-lines in Parallelizme perpendicular to a Parallel or supposed Common Base of conspicuous eminence So the Base of the Building proiected in due Site the modulets right angles by peculiar erection retaine like qualitie in Plano ex opposito but ex obliquo they doe alternately appeare acute and obtuse Other Delineations dependant succéed by consequence and the eye by serious obseruation of stationall aspect may with facilitie giue the Vmbrage but the Transposition and fore-shortening of some lines require more particular Rules which with diuers other matters I am héere constrained to cut-off least this worke intended for a Breuiat should grow vnto too great a Volume And therefore for this time this shall suffize for Delineation CHAP. V. THe Tricking of Plots consists in Complements and Compartiments Complements comprehende the Flie or Flies Scale and Compasse Kalender Characters Colours c. The Flie is a Card diuided into eight sixtéene thirty two equall parts in the Limbe with competent extention to shew the Meridian and Coastages of the Plot. Meridians are diuers wayes found-out but most spéedily and exactly by helpe of a Dyall or by striking a line vpon your Table or erecting poles vpon your Plot in a right line directing to the Cynosure or Pole-starre when it is perpendicular to Alliot the Thil-horse of Charles-Waine Otherwise at the Sunnes first cutting of the Horizon strike a line towards the same vpon your Table and erect a marke in the field-line At the Sunnes going downe the same day plant your Table as before by helpe of the marke erected and strike another line to the Sunne from the first point Now describe a Circle vpon this stationall point to cut the two extended lines at equall lengthes The Diameter that mediates the Arch of each Sector is the Meridian c. The Scale and Compasse are no lesse requisite and may be florished with Fruitage or Imagery The Kalender or Index serues for a Directory to expedite the intimation of particulars with signance of due Characters The Colours would bee appropriated and suited to the seuerall Modulets of the Plot to distinguish their Natures Tenures Owners or such like As Arable for Corne may be dashed with a pale Straw-colour compounded of Yellow Oker and White leade or of Pincke and Verdigreece Meddowes may be washed with a light Gréene by taking more Verdigreece and lesse Pincke Pasture would be put into a déeper Gréene made of the mixture of Azure and Smalts with Pincke Heathes and Fennes may be distinguisht with deader Gréene deriued from Yellow and Indico Trées may haue a sadder Gréene composed of white Leade and Verdigreece Barke Blocks Timber Stone c. may bee fitted with Vmber and White Waies and Mud-wals may haue white-leade with rust of Iron or with Oker and Browne of Spaine Water Siluer Glasse Crystal c. may be represented with Indico and Azure or blacke Leade Seas may haue their gréenish Skie-colour expressed with Indico Smalts or Azure White leade and Verdigreece And thus both these and diuers other colours with their due proportion may with small practise be easily produced and multiplyed And it will suffice to tract the Verges onely of Land-Modulets whatsoeuer you please to signifie thereby But howsoeuer you bestow these Colours of distemper they must be ground and

particular respect to their Reuenewes and Reprises CHAP. I. THE Valuation of Possessions consists in the due Estimate and Prizall of all Parts and Particulars Essentially and Accidentally thereunto belonging And to the exact performance hereof both the Materiall and Legall Parts are very requisite This Valuation is either Reiterant or Determinant Reiterant Valuation depends vpon the exact knowledge both of the Reuenewes and Reprises Vnder Reuenewes or Esplees after Ingham I comprehend all and singular Rents Seruices Issues and profits accrewing and renewing to the Feudist or Possident by through or by reason of Fées and Possessions And these Reuenewes may be said to be Conuentuall and Incident Conuentuall Reuenewes comprize al Rents both in Esse and in Posse Rents in Esse are Receipts certaine or couenanted and payable at daies and termes limited and they are either Proper or Improper Rents Proper whether Rent-seruice Rent-charge or Rent-Secke may be for Landes tenements Pasture Engines Mils Mines Quarries Warrens Fishing Fowling Wood-sayles Heath Furse Turbarie Mastage of Béech Oake Holme c. Herbage Broovage c. And Rent-Prouision as Beifes Muttons Venison Fish Fowle Graine and other voluntarie reseruations vpon graunts or estates for liues or yeres Rents Improper are where of an vncertaine and casual commodity a certaine Rent or Receipt is by contract created raised as for Licences Swan-markes Profits of Faires Markets Courts Customes Tollage Pontage Caiage Cranage Ferriage Boonage c. Conuentuall Reuenewes in Posse are all issues and aduantages arising of Possessions not demised though Rentable and therefore necessarily valueable by Estimate as Demaine-Landes Timber Manuells Wasts c. CHAP. II. INcident Reuenewes are either profitable as Perquisites or Parallels to profits Perquisites may be diuided into Renouant and Dormant Renouant Perquisites are Accrewments acquired by Increase and Casualty Increase comprehends all profits deriued from the Pregnance and Production of the Earth Of the first sort are Stones Metalline Oares and Mineralles vt supra Of the second sort are Wines Pirry Cider Hony Waxe Bombace Raw-silkes Hops Sumach Pitch Tarre Campheire Opponax Taccamahacca Caranna Masticke and other Gums Likewise Drugs as Mechoacan Kermez Methium Alkanet Agaricke Amber-Gréece Acacia Lignum Aloes Sassafras Spikenard Rubarbe Also Muske Ciuet Ben Beniamin Castoreum Cantarides Cocheneil with other Simples Fruite Rootes And Furres as Armins Sables Minivers Lewzernes Martins Beauers c. By Casualty are intended all duties and seruices that be Appurtenant and Appendant to a Manour whether it be Capitall or Non-Capitall Vnder Appurtenants may be rainged all Royalties Prerogatiues Iurisdictions Franchises Priuiledges Liberties Seruices Customes c. And all emoluments and aduantages deriueable from them Perquisites of Courts as Pleas Fines Amerceaments Heriots Seruice Custome Couenant Releifes Aydes Farewels Waiues Estraies Deodands goods of Felons and Fugitiues by speciall graunt cōmorant in the Manour Forfeitures Escheates Wards in Non-age Idiocy Lunacy Marriages Villaines Treasure-Troue Warrens of Birds Conies Hares Commons of Pasture Turbary Piscarie c. Appendant are Hospitalls Patronages of Churches and Benefices Valuable not in contriuing commodities by Church-Chaffering but equiualent in validitie by reason of the priuiledge of electing or presenting a worthy Clarke who must be Idoneus to succéede and supply the vacancie of the Church Also Common of Fishing of Estouers of Vicinage Dormant Perquisites are such things as are euer prest and ready at the instant commaund and pleasure of the Lord as Villaines Neifes which are alwayes saide to be Regardant to a Manour And to this place may also be indifferently referred Salt Naturall Sande Grauell Marle Earth and such other thinges as are alwaies disposeable by the Possident for deriuing an immediate profit or Reuenewe So much for Perquisites Parallels ensue CAP. III. BY Parallels I intend all pursuites of wilde Game which for moderate exercise of the body and delight full refection of the minde are held in priuate estéeme of Pursuite or in valueable validity of the Purchase of the Pray equiualent to profitable Accrewments And they are either Generous as Hunting and Hawlking Or Plebeious as Fishing and Fowling It is therefore not impertiment to the purpose to intimate what seuerall Games are vsually found within the Precincts and Priuiledges of the Plot or Fée and how the Countrie is accommodated for Chace View Flight c. For Hunting Record what Beasts of the Forrest there be and how frequent as the Hart the Hinde the Hare the Boare the Woolfe Of the Chace Buckes Does Foxes Martrones Roes In like manner what Beauers Badgers Otters Wilde-Cats First for Hawlking Fowles of Warren as Fesant and Partridge then the Elke bustard Heron Mallard Ducke Teale Heath-Cocke Rayle Rock-doue Pie Black-bird Thrush Fishing is either in Fresh-waters as for Samon Trout Carpe Pike Manat Breame Barbell Tench Perch Cheuin Dace Roach Ruffin Eeles Lampreys Gudgeon Minnowes Crea-fish Or in Seas and other Salt-waters for the Sturgion Turbot Porpuis Seale Bret Tunie Holibut Mullet Rochet Gurnets Gilt-heade Base Dorce Macheril Whiteing Hering Haddock Thornbacke Codfish Kéeling Hake Dog-fish Horne-fish Conger Lampson Bowman Soles Playce Buts the Lobstar Crabbe Pearle-fish Prawne Sea and Wood Torteise Oysters Conchyles Winkles Purples Cutle Callough Cockles Muskles Shrimps Also for the Sea-Pike Carpe Troute Breame Tench Fowling may be for the Bittour Curlewe Mallard Pyntayl Stockard Duck Teal Snipe Shouelar Stork Cormorant Gaunt Sheldrake Cob Oliue Puffin Pewet Yarwhelpe Redshank Ruffe or Reue the Godwit Gnat-snap Knot Gray Gréene and Bastard Plouer Quaile Dottrill May-Chit Spawe Churre Péeper Grindle Skirwingle Sea and Land Larkes The Crane Storke Cocke of the Wood Wood-Cocke Heath-Cocke Heath-Poote Grouse Turtill with which the Cuckow and Owle may for their delicatie bée rancked then the Estridge Birdes of Paradise Canary Birdes Parrots c. Likewise for Hawlkes as the Falcon Ierfalcon Tercel-gentle Lanar Lanaret Leto Ierkin Saker Sakret Marline Hobby And short winged Hawlkes as the Gosse-Hawlke and Spare-Hawlke And this may suffize for Reuenewes It Rests now to intreat of Reprises CHAP. IIII. REprises are impositions and duties whereunto the Plot or Fée is in peculiar lyable and they are Reall and Personall Reall Reprises are al Charges and payments imposed whether by Custome or by Couenant for maintenance or repaire of Bridges Sea-banckes Hauens Sluces Ietties Wharfes Goates Causeyes Waies c. And in this Rancke may be Marshalled al Resolutes Dechashes Decrements Personall Reprises are Seruices Duties and Payments by Tenure to the Lord or Lordes Mesn or Paramount as Fealty Homage Escuage c. Court-suite Out-Rents Boonage Fines Heriots Reliefes Respight of Homage c. Or by Graunt or Déed to Couenantées as Rent-Charge Extents Pentions Portions Fées Corrodies Salaries Stipends Dowres Annuities c. to Diuines Artists Linguists Lawyers Patentées Feoffées Seruitors Officers c. Valuation Reiterant is thus decyphered The Determinant remaines CHAP.