Selected quad for the lemma: land_n

Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
land_n lord_n son_n succeed_v 1,379 5 9.6239 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A72509 A perambulation of Kent conteining the description, hystorie, and customes of that shyre. Collected and written (for the most part) in the yeare. 1570. by William Lambard of Lincolnes Inne Gent. and nowe increased by the addition of some things which the authour him selfe hath obserued since that time. Lambarde, William, 1536-1601. 1576 (1576) STC 15175.5; ESTC S124785 236,811 471

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aureis_fw-la &_o alijs_fw-la signaculis_fw-la sacris_fw-la in_fw-la anglia_fw-it firmari_fw-la solitam_fw-la in_fw-la cerae_fw-la impressionem_fw-la mutant_fw-la modumque_fw-la scribendi_fw-la anglicum_fw-la reijciunt_fw-la the_o norman_n do_v change_v the_o make_n of_o write_n which_o be_v wont_v to_o be_v firm_v in_o england_n with_o cross_n of_o gold_n and_o other_o holy_a sign_n into_o the_o print_n with_o wax_n and_o they_o reject_v also_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o english_a writing_n howbeit_o this_o be_v not_o do_v all_o at_o once_o but_o it_o increase_v &_o come_v forward_o by_o certain_a step_n &_o degree_n so_o the_o first_o and_o for_o a_o season_n the_o king_n only_o or_o a_o few_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n beside_o he_o use_v to_o seal_v then_o the_o noble_a man_n for_o the_o most_o part_n and_o no●e_v other_o which_o thing_n a_o man_n may_v see_v in_o the_o history_n of_o battle_n abbie_n where_o richard_n lucy_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n in_o the_o time_n of_o 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necessity_n of_o the_o hot_a monk_n esteem_v at_o twelve_o pound_n by_o year_n the_o white_a friar_n translate_v by_o one_o ●ohn_n dig_v friar_n to_o the_o isle_n of_o bynwhite_n late_o the_o house_n of_o one_o rolph_n and_o s._n myldreds_n mildred●_n in_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o city_n long_o since_o but_o not_o late_o a_o abbay_n there_o be_v extant_a in_o canterbury_n also_o the_o ancient_a and_o stately_a palace_n of_o the_o archbishop_n palace_n not_o that_o which_o king_n ethelbert_n first_o give_v to_o augustine_n at_o staplegate_n for_o it_o be_v but_o a_o mean_a dwell_a house_n answerable_a to_o his_o small_a company_n and_o first_o beginning_n but_o the_o very_a same_o which_o he_o second_o bestow_v on_o he_o when_o he_o leave_v canterbury_n and_o go_v to_o reculuer_n which_o be_v his_o own_o and_o his_o predecessor_n the_o king_n stately_a court_n and_o palace_n this_o house_n by_o that_o time_n hubert_n the_o archebishop_n have_v aspire_v to_o the_o see_v be_v 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place_n thereof_o a_o fair_a church_n of_o hew_a stone_n but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o not_o only_o the_o charge_n to_o furnish_v that_o present_a building_n be_v fetch_v from_o s._n thomas_n offer_v at_o canterbury_n much_o to_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o monk_n gain_v but_o also_o the_o yearly_a maintenance_n thereof_o be_v to_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o same_o hanaper_n &_o to_o be_v bestow_v upon_o certain_a secular_a canon_n a_o sort_n of_o religious_a person_n that_o the_o monk_n despise_v who_o yet_o may_v happy_o in_o time_n to_o come_v be_v make_v equal_a with_o the_o monk_n themselves_o in_o the_o election_n of_o the_o archbishop_n to_o the_o general_a discredit_n of_o their_o holy_a order_n and_o utter_a violation_n of_o their_o former_a privilege_n therefore_o the_o covent_n of_o christ_n church_n think_v it_o fit_a to_o withstand_v such_o beginning_n complain_v hereof_o to_o pope_n innocent_n holiness_n for_o urban_n be_v then_o dead_a and_o be_v so_o well_o hear_v in_o 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the_o thing_n that_o i_o have_v to_o remember_v in_o eltham_n and_o to_o make_v a_o end_n of_o all_o these_o be_v the_o place_n whereof_o i_o mean_v to_o make_v note_n in_o this_o my_o xenagogie_n and_o perambulation_n of_o kent_n the_o first_o and_o only_a shire_n that_o i_o have_v describe_v wherein_o although_o i_o have_v not_o speak_v of_o sundry_a town_n not_o inferior_a at_o this_o present_a in_o estimation_n to_o a_o great_a many_o that_o i_o have_v handle_v and_o happy_o equal_a with_o they_o in_o antiquity_n also_o yet_o i_o think_v i_o have_v neither_o pretermit_v many_o that_o be_v much_o worthy_a of_o observation_n nor_o scarce_o omit_v any_o that_o be_v mention_v in_o such_o book_n of_o history_n as_o be_v easy_o to_o be_v have_v and_o obtain_v but_o as_o for_o the_o feodary_n and_o tenor_n of_o land_n genealogy_n &_o arm_n of_o man_n ebb_n flood_n &_o tide_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o rivers_n flatte_n bar_n haven_n &_o such_o other_o thing_n although_o somewhat_o may_v 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suffer_v their_o land_n to_o descend_v not_o to_o the_o elder_a son_n alone_o but_o to_o the_o whole_a number_n of_o their_o male_a child_n &_o i_o find_v in_o the_o 75._o chap._n of_o canutus_n law_n a_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n before_o the_o conquest_n that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o father_n his_o heir_n shall_v divide_v both_o his_o good_n and_o his_o land_n amongst_o they_o now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o all_o the_o next_o of_o the_o kindred_n do_v this_o inherit_v together_o i_o conjecture_v that_o therefore_o the_o land_n be_v call_v either_o gavelkyn_n in_o meaning_n giveall_n kin_n because_o it_o be_v give_v to_o all_o the_o next_o in_o one_o line_n of_o kindred_n or_o give_v all_o kind_n that_o be_v to_o all_o the_o male_a child_n for_o kind_n in_o dutch_a signify_v yet_o a_o male_a child_n beside_o this_o the_o welshman_n also_o who_o but_o now_o late_o lose_v this_o custom_n do_v in_o their_o language_n call_v this_o descent_n gwele_v and_o in_o their_o latin_a record_n lectus_fw-la progeny_n &_o gavella_fw-la of_o their_o own_o word_n gefeil_v which_o signify_v twin_n or_o such_o as_o be_v bear_v together_o because_o they_o do_v all_o inherit_v together_o and_o make_v as_o it_o be_v but_o one_o heir_n and_o not_o many_o and_o here_o by_o the_o way_n i_o can_v omit_v to_o show_v that_o they_o of_o this_o our_o kentish_a country_n term_n do_v yet_o call_v their_o partition_n of_o land_n shift_v even_o by_o the_o very_a same_o word_n that_o the_o law_n of_o canutus_n many_o year_n since_o term_v it_o namely_o scyftan_n in_o latin_a herciscere_fw-la that_o be_v to_o shift_v depart_v or_o divide_v land_n my_o other_o conjecture_n be_v raise_v upon_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o rent_n and_o service_n go_v out_o of_o these_o land_n for_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o as_o knight_n service_n land_n require_v the_o presence_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o warfare_n and_o battle_n abroad_o so_o this_o land_n be_v of_o socage_n tenure_n command_v his_o attendance_n at_o the_o plough_n and_o other_o the_o lord_n affair_n of_o husbandry_n at_o home_n the_o one_o by_o manhood_n defend_v his_o lord_n life_n and_o person_n the_o other_o by_o industry_n maintain_v with_o rent_n corn_n and_o victual_v his_o estate_n and_o family_n this_o rent_n and_o customary_a payment_n of_o work_n the_o saxon_n call_v gafol_n and_o thereof_o as_o i_o think_v they_o name_v the_o land_n that_o yield_v it_o gafolette_n or_o gafolcynd_n that_o be_v to_o say_v land_n let_v for_o rent_n or_o of_o the_o kind_n to_o yield_v rent_n in_o this_o sense_n i_o be_o sure_a that_o the_o rent_n custom_n and_o service_n which_o the_o tenante_n of_o london_n pay_v to_o their_o land_n lord_n be_v wont_a and_o yet_o be_v to_o be_v recover_v by_o a_o writ_n thereof_o call_v gavellet_n as_o by_o a_o ancient_a statute_n make_v in_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o entitle_v statutum_n de_fw-it gaveleto_fw-it in_o london_n and_o by_o daily_a experience_n there_o it_o may_v well_o appear_v thus_o much_o then_o as_o concern_v the_o etymon_n of_o this_o word_n gavelkind_n be_v say_v let_v we_o proceed_v further_o custom_n it_o have_v already_o appear_v how_o the_o kentishman_n immediate_o after_o the_o conquest_n obtain_v the_o continuation_n of_o their_o custom_n and_o it_o be_v very_o manifest_a by_o ancient_a writer_n that_o the_o same_o for_o the_o more_o part_n have_v be_v in_o ure_n and_o exercise_n ever_o since_o for_o omit_v that_o which_o thomas_n spot_n have_v write_v concern_v the_o same_o matter_n for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v already_o recite_v at_o large_a glanuile_n a_o learned_a man_n that_o flourish_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o in_o his_o
seven_o book_n and_o three_o chapter_n bracton_n that_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr acquirendo_fw-la rerum_fw-la dominio_fw-la and_o bretton_n that_o write_v under_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o by_o his_o commandment_n have_v all_o express_a mention_n of_o land_n partible_a amongst_o the_o male_n by_o usage_n of_o the_o place_n and_o some_o of_o they_o recite_v the_o very_a name_n of_o gavelkind_n itself_o but_o most_o plain_o of_o all_o a_o ancient_a treatise_n receive_v by_o tradition_n from_o the_o hand_n of_o our_o elder_n whereof_o i_o myself_o have_v one_o exemplar_n write_v out_o as_o i_o suppose_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o agree_v with_o the_o daily_a practice_n of_o these_o custom_n prove_v the_o continuance_n of_o they_o to_o stand_v with_o good_a law_n and_o like_n discourse_n and_o therefore_o forbear_v as_o needless_a further_o testimony_n in_o that_o behalf_n i_o will_v descend_v to_o the_o disclose_v of_o the_o custom_n themselves_o not_o number_v they_o by_o order_n as_o they_o lie_v in_o that_o treatise_n but_o draw_v they_o forth_o as_o they_o shall_v concern_v either_o the_o land_n itself_o or_o the_o person_n that_o i_o will_v orderly_a speak_v of_o that_o be_v to_o say_v particular_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o tenant_n the_o husband_n and_o the_o wife_n the_o child_n and_o the_o gardien_fw-mi and_o so_o after_o addition_n of_o a_o few_o other_o thing_n incident_a to_o this_o purpose_n i_o will_v draw_v to_o a_o end_n as_o touch_v the_o land_n itself_o nature_n in_o which_o these_o custom_n have_v place_n it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o all_o the_o land_n within_o this_o shire_n which_o be_v of_o ancient_a socage_n tenure_n be_v also_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o gavelkind_n for_o as_o for_o the_o land_n hold_v by_o ancient_a tenure_n of_o knight_n service_n they_o be_v at_o the_o common_a law_n &_o be_v not_o departible_a after_o the_o order_n of_o this_o custom_n except_o certain_a which_o be_v hold_v of_o old_a time_n by_o knight_n service_n of_o the_o archebishop_n of_o canterbury_n be_v nevertheless_o departible_a as_o it_o may_v appear_v by_o a_o opinion_n of_o the_o judge_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n .26_o h._n 8._o fol._n 4._o and_o that_o grow_v by_o reason_n of_o a_o grant_n make_v by_o king_n john_n to_o hubert_n the_o archebishop_n gavelkind_n the_o tenor_n whereof_o be_v exemplify_v out_o of_o a_o ancient_a roll_n remain_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o reverend_n father_n mathewe_n the_o archebishop_n now_o live_a hereafter_o follow_v joannes_n dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la dominus_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la dux_n normaniae_n aquitaniae_fw-la &_o come_v andegaven_n archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la comitibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la justiciarijs_fw-la vicecomitibus_fw-la praepositis_fw-la ministris_fw-la &_o omnibus_fw-la ballivis_n &_o fidelibus_fw-la suis_fw-la salutem_fw-la sciatis_fw-la nos_fw-la concessisse_fw-la &_o praesenti_fw-la charta_fw-la nostra_fw-la confirmasse_fw-la venerabili_fw-la patri_fw-la nostro_fw-la ac_fw-la chro._n huberto_n cantuar._n archiepiscopo_fw-la &_o successoribus_fw-la suis_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la quòd_fw-la liceat_fw-la eye_n terras_fw-la quas_fw-la homines_fw-la de_fw-la feodo_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la cantua_n tenent_fw-la in_o gavelkind_n convertere_fw-la in_o feoda_fw-it militum_fw-la et_fw-la quod_fw-la idem_fw-la episcop_n &_o successores_fw-la svi_fw-la eanden_fw-mi in_o omnibus_fw-la potestatem_fw-la &_o libertatem_fw-la habeant_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la in_fw-la homines_fw-la illos_fw-la qui_fw-la terras_fw-la easdem_fw-la ita_fw-la in_o feodo_fw-la militum_fw-la conversas_fw-la tenebunt_fw-la &_o in_o haeredes_fw-la eorum_fw-la quam_fw-la ipse_fw-la archiepiscopus_fw-la habet_fw-la &_o successores_fw-la svi_fw-la post_fw-la eum_fw-la habebunt_fw-la in_fw-la alios_fw-la milites_fw-la de_fw-la feodo_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la cantuar._n &_o in_o haeredes_fw-la et_fw-la homines_fw-la illi_fw-la &_o haeredes_fw-la eorum_fw-la eandem_fw-la &_o omnem_fw-la libertaetem_fw-la habeant_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la quam_fw-la alij_fw-la milites_fw-la de_fw-la feodo_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la cantuar._n &_o haeredes_fw-la eorum_fw-la habent_fw-la ita_fw-la tamen_fw-la quod_fw-la nihilominus_fw-la consuetus_fw-la redditus_fw-la denariorum_fw-la reddatur_fw-la integre_n de_fw-la terris_fw-la suis_fw-la sicut_fw-la prius_fw-la xenia_fw-la averagia_fw-la &_o alia_fw-la opera_fw-la quae_fw-la fiebant_fw-la de_fw-la terris_fw-la ijsdem_fw-la convertantur_fw-la in_o redditum_fw-la denariorum_fw-la aequivalentem_fw-la et_fw-la redditus_fw-la ille_fw-la reddatur_fw-la sicut_fw-la alius_fw-la redditus_fw-la denariorum_fw-la quare_fw-la volumus_fw-la &_o firmiter_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la quod_fw-la quicquid_fw-la praedictus_fw-la archiepiscopus_fw-la &_o successores_fw-la svi_fw-la post_fw-la eum_fw-la de_fw-la terris_fw-la illis_fw-la in_o feodo_fw-la militum_fw-la secundum_fw-la praescriptam_fw-la formam_fw-la convertendis_fw-la fecerint_fw-la ratum_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la &_o stabile_fw-la permaneat_fw-la et_fw-la prohibemus_fw-la ne_fw-la quis_fw-la contrafactum_fw-la ipsius_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la vel_fw-la successorum_fw-la svorum_fw-la in_fw-la hac_fw-la parte_fw-la venire_fw-la praesumat_fw-la testae_fw-la e._n eliense_n &_o s._n bathon_n episcopis_fw-la g._n filio_fw-la petri_n comite_fw-la essex_n willmo_n marescallo_n comite_fw-la de_fw-fr penbroc_n roberto_n de_fw-fr harocort_n garino_n filio_fw-la geraldi_n petro_n de_fw-fr stoke_n ric._n de_fw-fr reverus_n roberto_n de_fw-fr tateshal_n datum_n per_fw-la manum_fw-la s._n archid._n willielmi_n apud_fw-la rupem_fw-la aurival_n 4._o die_v maij_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la tertio_fw-la but_o now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v disputable_a whether_o this_o chartre_z of_o the_o king_n be_v of_o sufficient_a virtue_n to_o change_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o gavelkind_n land_n or_o no_o and_o for_o that_o the_o certainty_n of_o the_o land_n so_o convert_v into_o knight_n fee_n do_v not_o any_o where_o that_o i_o have_v see_v appear_v save_o only_o that_o in_o the_o book_n of_o aid_n levy_v in_o this_o shire_n anno._n 20._o e._n 3._o it_o be_v four_o or_o five_o time_n note_v that_o certain_a land_n there_o be_v hold_v in_o knight_n service_n per_fw-la novam_fw-la licentiam_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la i_o will_v leave_v this_o and_o proceed_v to_o prove_v that_o all_o the_o land_n of_o ancient_a tenure_n in_o knight_n service_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o descent_n at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o that_o may_v i_o as_o i_o think_v sufficient_o do_v both_o by_o the_o express_a word_n of_o a_o note_n 9_o h._n 3._o in_o the_o title_n of_o praescription_n 63._o in_o fitzherbert_n by_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o same_o fitzherbert_n and_o norwiche_n justice_n 26._o h._n 8._o 5._o and_o by_o plain_a recital_n in_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v 31._o h._n 8._o ca._n 3._o by_o which_o statute_n the_o possession_n of_o certain_a gentleman_n there_o name_v be_v deliver_v from_o this_o customary_a descent_n and_o incorporate_v to_o the_o common_a law_n for_o amongst_o other_o thing_n in_o that_o act_n it_o be_v say_v that_o from_o thencefoorth_o such_o their_o land_n shall_v be_v change_v from_o the_o say_a custom_n and_o shall_v descend_v as_o land_n at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o as_o other_o land_n be_v in_o the_o say_a county_n of_o kent_n which_o never_o be_v hold_v by_o service_n of_o socage_n but_o always_o have_v be_v hold_v by_o knight_n service_n do_v descend_v by_o which_o word_n it_o be_v very_o evident_a that_o the_o maker_n of_o that_o statute_n understand_v all_o land_n hold_v by_o knight_n service_n to_o be_v of_o their_o proper_a nature_n descendable_a after_o the_o common_a law_n and_o that_o socage_n tenure_n be_v the_o only_a subject_n in_o which_o this_o our_o custom_n of_o gavelkind_n dissent_v prevail_v and_o hold_v place_n but_o when_o i_o thus_o speak_v of_o socage_n and_o knight_n fee_v gavelkind_n i_o must_v always_o be_v understand_v to_o mean_v of_o a_o tenure_n long_o since_o and_o of_o ancient_a time_n continue_v and_o not_o now_o new_o or_o late_o create_v for_o so_o it_o may_v fall_v out_o otherwise_o then_o be_v already_o report_v as_o for_o example_n if_o land_n ancient_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n come_v to_o the_o prince_n hand_n who_o afterward_o give_v the_o same_o out_o again_o to_o a_o common_a person_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o his_o manor_n of_o eastgrenewiche_n in_o socage_n i_o suppose_v that_o this_o land_n notwithstanding_o the_o alteration_n of_o the_o tenure_n remain_v descendable_a to_o the_o elder_a son_n only_o as_o it_o be_v before_o as_o also_o in_o like_a sort_n if_o land_n of_o ancient_a socage_n service_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o be_v deliver_v out_o again_o to_o be_v hold_v either_o of_o the_o prince_n in_o capite_fw-la or_o by_o knight_n service_n of_o any_o manor_n i_o think_v it_o ought_v to_o descend_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n notwithstanding_o that_o the_o tenure_n be_v alter_v and_o if_o this_o be_v true_a in_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o king_n himself_o then_o much_o less_o save_v the_o reverence_n due_a to_o king_n john_n chartre_z may_v the_o archebishop_n by_o a_o new_a creation_n of_o tenure_n gavelkind_n make_v
be_v say_v that_o faeminae_fw-la non_fw-la participabunt_fw-la cum_fw-la masculis_fw-la the_o female_n shall_v not_o divide_v with_o the_o male_n which_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o such_o as_o be_v in_o equal_a degree_n of_o kindred_n as_o brother_n and_o sister_n etc_n etc_n for_o if_o a_o man_n have_v issue_v three_o son_n &_o the_o elder_a have_v issue_v a_o daughter_n &_o die_v in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n and_o the_o father_n die_v in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v hold_v that_o the_o daughter_n shall_v join_v with_o the_o two_o other_o brethren_n her_o uncle_n for_o that_o she_o be_v not_o in_o equal_a degree_n with_o they_o as_o her_o father_n be_v who_o heir_n she_o nevertheless_o must_v be_v of_o necessity_n land_n and_o now_o thus_o much_o be_v speak_v touch_v the_o name_n tenure_n nature_n generality_n necessity_n reason_n and_o order_n of_o gavelkind_n it_o be_v worthy_a the_o labour_n to_o show_v of_o what_o quality_n the_o rent_n remainder_n condition_n voucher_n action_n and_o such_o other_o thing_n of_o the_o which_o some_o be_v issue_v out_o of_o these_o land_n some_o be_v annex_v unto_o they_o and_o some_o be_v raise_v by_o reason_n of_o they_o shall_v be_v in_o which_o behalf_n it_o may_v general_o be_v say_v that_o some_o of_o they_o shall_v ensue_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o land_n and_o some_o shall_v keep_v the_o same_o course_n that_o common_a law_n have_v appoint_v but_o in_o particular_a it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o if_o a_o rent_n rent_n be_v grant_v in_o fee_n out_o of_o gavelkind_n land_n it_o shall_v descend_v to_o all_o the_o male_n as_o the_o land_n itself_o shall_v do_v and_o ald._n and_o chart._n in_o 7._o e._n 3._o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o albeit_o a_o tenancy_n be_v of_o gavelkind_n nature_n yet_o the_o rend_a service_n by_o which_o that_o tenancy_n be_v hold_v may_v well_o be_v descendable_a at_o the_o common_a law_n the_o like_a shall_v be_v of_o a_o remainder_n remainder_n of_o gavelkind_n land_n for_o if_o it_o be_v tail_a to_o the_o heir_n male_n they_o altogether_o shall_v inherit_v it_o as_o fitzherb_n &_o norwiche_n two_o justice_n thought_n 26._o h._n 8._o 8._o but_o that_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o a_o descent_n only_o for_o if_o land_n of_o gavelkind_n nature_n be_v leassed_a for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o i_o at_o style_n which_o have_v issue_n four_o son_n &_o die_v &_o after_o the_o leassée_fw-fr for_o life_n die_v now_o the_o elder_a son_n only_o of_o i_o at_o stile_n shall_v have_v this_o land_n for_o he_o be_v right_a heir_n and_o that_o be_v a_o good_a name_n of_o purchase_n 37._o h._n 8._o done._n 42._o en_fw-fr master_n brook_n but_o if_o the_o land_n have_v be_v give_v to_o i_o at_o style_n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o his_o next_o heir_n male_a this_o have_v be_v a_o estate_n tail_n in_o i._n s._n himself_o and_o then_o the_o land_n as_o i_o take_v it_o shall_v have_v descend_v to_o all_o his_o son_n in_o so_o much_o as_o in_o that_o case_n the_o word_n next_o heir_n male_a be_v not_o a_o name_n of_o purchase_n howbeit_o it_o be_v great_o doubt_v 3._o &_o 4._o phil._n &_o mariae_fw-la as_o justice_n dalison_n report_v if_o a_o remainder_n be_v devise_v by_o testament_n proximo_fw-la haeredi_fw-la masculo_fw-la whether_o in_o that_o case_n the_o elder_a brother_n only_o shall_v have_v it_o in_o so_o much_o as_o in_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o law_n which_o be_v a_o judge_n over_o all_o custom_n he_o be_v the_o next_o heir_n male_a and_o therefore_o inquire_v of_o it_o as_o touch_v voucher_n it_o appear_v 11._o e._n 3._o vourcher_n that_o all_o the_o heir_n in_o gavelkind_n shall_v be_v vouch_v for_o the_o warranty_n of_o their_o ancestor_n and_o not_o the_o elder_a only_a but_o the_o opinion_n of_o master_n litleton_n and_o of_o the_o justice_n 22._o e._n 4._o be_v clear_o that_o the_o elder_a son_n only_o shall_v be_v rebut_v or_o bar_v by_o the_o warranty_n of_o the_o ancestor_n to_o be_v short_a condition_n the_o elder_a son_n only_o shall_v entrée_n for_o the_o breach_n of_o a_o condition_n but_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o brethren_n shall_v be_v join_v with_o he_o in_o sue_v a_o write_v of_o attaint_n error_n to_o reform_v a_o false_a verdict_n or_o error_n to_o reverse_v a_o erroneous_a judgement_n and_o they_o all_o shall_v be_v charge_v for_o the_o debt_n of_o their_o ancestor_n if_o so_o be_v that_o they_o all_o have_v assetz_n in_o their_o hand_n but_o if_o the_o elder_a only_a have_v assetz_n remain_v and_o the_o residue_n have_v alien_v their_o part_n than_o he_o only_o shall_v be_v charge_v after_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o book_n 11._o e._n 3._o det._n 7._o and_o this_o also_o for_o this_o part_n at_o this_o time_n shall_v suffice_v now_o a_o word_n or_o twain_o touch_v the_o trial_n of_o right_n in_o this_o gavelkind_n land_n &_o then_o forward_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o my_o purpose_n there_o be_v at_o the_o common_a law_n two_o sort_n of_o trial_n in_o a_o writ_n of_o right_n by_o battle_n and_o by_o the_o grand_a assize_n gavelkind_n of_o the_o which_o two_o this_o custom_n exclude_v the_o one_o &_o alter_v the_o other_o for_o battle_n it_o admit_v not_o at_o all_o &_o the_o grand_a assize_n it_o receive_v not_o by_o the_o election_n of_o 4._o knight_n but_o of_o 4._o tenant_n in_o gavelkind_n as_o it_o may_v be_v read_v in_o the_o ancient_a treatise_n of_o the_o custom_n of_o this_o country_n but_o when_o i_o speak_v of_o the_o treatise_n of_o the_o custom_n you_o must_v know_v i_o mean_v not_o the_o which_o be_v late_o imprint_v but_o a_o other_o with_o much_o more_o faith_n &_o diligence_n long_o since_o exemplify_v a_o copy_n whereof_o you_o shall_v find_v at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o book_n for_o not_o only_o in_o this_o part_n the_o word_n ne_fw-la soient_fw-fr prize_n per_fw-la battle_n be_v clean_o omit_v in_o the_o imprint_v book_n but_o in_o sundry_a other_o place_n also_o the_o word_n be_v mangle_v the_o sentence_n be_v curtail_v and_o the_o meaning_n be_v obscure_v as_o by_o conference_n of_o the_o variation_n it_o may_v to_o any_o skilful_a reader_n most_o easy_o appear_v but_o all_o that_o i_o will_v refer_v to_o the_o sight_n and_o judgement_n of_o such_o as_o will_v search_v and_o examine_v it_o and_o return_v to_o my_o purpose_n show_v you_o what_o belong_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o this_o gavelkind_n land_n by_o reason_n of_o this_o custom_n and_o for_o because_o the_o prince_n be_v chief_a lord_n of_o all_o the_o realm_n as_o of_o who_o all_o land_n within_o the_o same_o be_v either_o mediate_o or_o immediate_o hold_v let_v we_o first_o see_v what_o right_a by_o reason_n of_o this_o custom_n belong_v unto_o he_o felony_n if_o tenant_n in_o fee_n simple_a of_o land_n in_o gavelkind_n commit_v felony_n and_o suffer_v the_o judgement_n of_o death_n therefore_o the_o prince_n shall_v have_v all_o his_o chattel_n for_o a_o forfeiture_n but_o as_o touch_v the_o land_n he_o shall_v neither_o have_v the_o eschete_n of_o it_o though_o it_o be_v immediate_o hold_v of_o himself_o nor_o the_o day_n year_n and_o waste_v if_o it_o be_v hold_v of_o any_o other_o for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o heir_n notwithstanding_o the_o offence_n of_o his_o ancestor_n shall_v enter_v immediate_o &_o enjoy_v the_o land_n after_o the_o same_o custom_n and_o service_n by_o which_o they_o be_v before_o hold_v in_o assurance_n whereof_o it_o be_v common_o say_v the_o father_n to_o the_o bough_n the_o son_n to_o the_o ploughe_n but_o this_o rule_n hold_v in_o case_n of_o felony_n and_o of_o murder_n only_o and_o in_o case_n not_o of_o treason_n at_o all_o and_o it_o hold_v also_o in_o case_n where_o the_o offendor_n be_v justify_v by_o order_n of_o law_n and_o not_o where_o he_o withdraw_v himself_o after_o the_o fault_n commit_v and_o will_v not_o abide_v his_o lawful_a trial_n for_o if_o such_o a_o one_o absent_a himself_o after_o proclamation_n make_v for_o he_o in_o the_o county_n and_o be_v outlaw_v or_o otherwise_o if_o he_o take_v sanctuary_n and_o do_v abjure_v the_o realm_n then_o shall_v his_o heir_n reap_v no_o benefit_n by_o this_o custom_n but_o the_o prince_n or_o the_o lord_n shall_v take_v their_o forfeiture_n in_o such_o degree_n as_o if_o the_o land_n be_v at_o the_o common_a law_n which_o thing_n be_v apparent_a both_o by_o the_o book_n 8._o e._n 2._o abridge_v by_o master_n fitzherbert_n in_o his_o title_n of_o prescription_n 50._o and_o by_o 22._o e._n 3._o fol._n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o this_o custom_n shall_v not_o be_v construe_v by_o equity_n but_o by_o a_o straight_a and_o literal_a interpretation_n and_o also_o by_o the_o plain_a rehearsal_n of_o the_o say_a treatise_n of_o
quilz_n pusent_v lour_v terres_fw-la in_o that_o which_o shall_v be_v needful_a and_o that_o they_o may_v their_o land_n &_o &_o lour_v their_o tenementz_n tenement_n donor_n &_o vender_n licence_n saunz_fw-fr congee_n demaunder_n a_o give_v and_o sell_v without_o licence_n ask_v of_o their_o lour_v seignerage_n saw_v a_o seignorage_n les_fw-fr rentz_n lord_n save_v unto_o the_o lord_n the_o rent_n and_o e_fw-it les_fw-fr the_o service_n service_n due_n des_fw-fr mesme_n le_fw-fr tenementz_n due_n out_o of_o the_o same_o tenement_n et_fw-fr que_fw-fr touz_v e_fw-la chescun_fw-la and_o that_o all_o and_o every_o of_o they_o puseit_n per_fw-la brë_fw-la le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr may_v by_o writ_n of_o the_o king_n ou_fw-fr or_o per_fw-la by_o plaint_n plaint_n pleinte_v pleader_n pur_fw-mi lour_v plead_n for_o the_o obtain_n drou_fw-fr purchaser_n auxibien_fw-fr de_fw-fr lour_v seignerage_n come_v des_fw-fr auter_fw-fr of_o their_o right_n as_o well_o of_o their_o lord_n as_o of_o other_o man_n gentz_n et_fw-la clament_fw-la auxi_fw-la que_fw-fr la_fw-fr commune_fw-la de_fw-fr gavylekendey_n and_o they_o claim_v also_o that_o the_o commonalty_n of_o gavelkindman_n que_fw-fr ne_fw-fr tenent_fw-la mes_fw-fr que_fw-fr tenemenz_fw-fr gavylekendey_n which_o hold_v none_o other_o than_o tenement_n of_o gavelkind_n nature_n ne_o deivent_a venir_fw-fr a_fw-fr la_fw-fr comune_fw-la somonse_n deal_v eire_n oug_a to_o not_o to_o come_v to_o the_o common_a summons_n of_o the_o eire_n mes_fw-fr but_o ke_fw-mi per_fw-mi borgesaldre_n only_o by_o the_o borsholder_n &_o and_o iiij_o four_o homens_n man_n the_o of_o la_fw-fr the_o borghe_a borrow_n borsholder_n horse_n except_o pris_fw-fr les_fw-fr villee_n que_fw-fr deivent_a responder_n per_fw-la xij_o hommes_fw-fr en_fw-fr le_fw-fr eire_n the_o town_n which_o ought_v to_o answer_v by_o twelve_o man_n in_o the_o eire_n et_fw-la and_o they_o clament_fw-la claim_n auxi_fw-la also_o only_o que_fw-fr sil_fw-fr nul_fw-fr tenant_n en_fw-fr gavylekend_n seit_v attaint_n that_o if_o any_o tenant_n in_o gavelkind_n be_v attaint_v the_o of_o felony_n felony_n per_fw-la que_fw-la for_o the_o which_o il_fw-fr he_o suffer_v suffer_v juice_n de_fw-fr mort_fw-fr judgement_n of_o death_n eit_fw-mi le_fw-fr r●y_n the_o king_n touz_v ses_fw-fr chateux_fw-fr shall_v have_v all_o his_o good_n e_o &_o son_n heir_n eir_fw-fr heir_n meintenant_fw-fr forthwith_o apres_fw-fr after_o sa_fw-fr his_o mort_fw-fr death_n seit_z shall_v inherit_v the_o touz_v be_v inheritable_a to_o all_o say_v his_o terres_fw-la land_n &_o &_o tenemenz_n tenement_n que_fw-fr which_o il_fw-fr he_o tient_fw-fr hold_v en_fw-fr in_o gavylekende_v gavelkind_n en_fw-fr in_o fee_n fee_n e_fw-it en_fw-fr heritage_n e_fw-it les_fw-fr tiend●a_fw-fr per●●●●_n les_fw-fr &_o in_fw-la inheritance_n and_o he_o shall_v hold_v they_o by_o the_o same_o service_n service_n et_fw-la &_o custom_n custom_n sicome_a ses_fw-fr ancestor_n les_fw-fr tyndront_n dont_fw-fr est_fw-fr do_v as_o his_o ancestor_n hold_v they_o whereupon_o it_o be_v say_v en_fw-fr in_o kenteis_fw-la kentish_n þe_v the_o fader_fw-mi father_n to_o to_o þe_v the_o boghe_n bough_n and_o &_o þe_v the_o son_n son_n to_o þe_v plogh_fw-mi to_o the_o plough_n and_o if_o et_fw-la he_o si_fw-mi il_fw-fr eit_fw-mi have_v a_o femme_fw-fr half_a wife_n meintenant_fw-fr seit_z dough_n forthw_o to_o be_v she_o endow_v by_o ꝑ_n the_o le_fw-fr heir_n heir_n sil_fw-fr seit_z dage_n if_o he_o be_v of_o age_n the_o of_o la_fw-fr the_o meytie_n one_o half_a de_fw-mi touz_v les_fw-fr terres_fw-la e_o tenemenz_fw-fr que_fw-fr son_fw-fr baroun_n tint_v of_o all_o the_o land_n &_o tenement_n which_o her_o husband_n hold_v the_o of_o gavylekend_n gavelkind_n nature_n en_fw-fr in_o fee_n fee_fw-fr a_o aver_v e_o a_o tener_fw-la solonc_fw-fr la_fw-fr form_n de_fw-fr to_o have_v &_o to_o hold_v according_a to_o the_o form_n suthdyte_n hereafter_o declare_v et_fw-la and_o de_fw-la of_o tiel_fw-fr such_o terres_fw-la land_n le_fw-fr the_o roy_fw-fr king_n ne_fw-fr avera_fw-mi an_fw-mi shall_v not_o have_v the_o year_n ne_o nor_o waste_v be_v forfeiture_n mes_fw-fr tant_fw-fr soulment_n les_fw-fr chateux_fw-fr sicome_a il_fw-fr est_fw-fr avamtdit_n et_fw-la si_fw-la but_o only_o the_o good_n as_o be_v before_o say_v and_o if_o any_o man_n of_o nul_fw-fr gavylekendeis_n gavelkind_n either_o pur_fw-mi felony_n either_o for_o felony_n ou_fw-fr or_o pour_fw-fr for_o ret_o suspicion_n de_fw-fr of_o felony_n felony_n se_fw-la suthtres_fw-la a_o draw_v he_o de_fw-fr la_fw-fr pee_z out_o of_o the_o country_n e_fw-la scit_fw-la en_fw-fr count_v demand_n come_v il_fw-fr appent_v &_o be_v demand_v in_o the_o county_n as_o he_o ought_v e_o &_o puis_fw-fr be_fw-mi utlaghe●ou_fw-fr sil_fw-fr se_fw-mi meet_v en_fw-fr scinte_fw-fr eglise_fw-fr et_fw-fr foriure_n la_fw-fr terre_fw-fr one_o afterward_o utlaw_v or_o put_v himself_o into_o the_o holy_a church_n &_o abjure_v the_o le_fw-fr reaume_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr avera_fw-la lan_o e_fw-la le_fw-fr waist_n de_fw-fr ces_fw-fr terres_fw-la &_o the_o land_n &_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v the_o year_n &_o that_o waste_v of_o his_o land_n &_o of_o touz_v all_o ses_fw-fr his_o tenemenz_n tenement_n ensemblement_n ove_z touz_v together_o with_o all_o his_o good_n ces_fw-fr and_o chateus_fw-la chattel_n issint_fw-la que_fw-fr apres_fw-fr lan_o e_fw-it le_fw-fr tour_fw-fr le_fw-fr plus_fw-fr ꝓcheyn_fw-mi seig●ou_fw-mi signior_n so_o that_o after_o the_o year_n the_o day_n the_o next_o lord_n or_o lord_n eyent_n shall_v leur_fw-fr have_v their_o eschetes_n eschetes_n de_fw-fr celes_z terres_fw-la e_o tenemenz_fw-fr of_o those_o land_n and_o tenement_n chescun_fw-fr every_o seigneur_fw-fr lord_n ceo_fw-la that_o que_fw-fr which_o de_fw-fr be_v luy_fw-fr est_fw-fr tenu_fw-fr immediate_o sans_o hold_v man_n of_o he_o e_o clament_fw-la and_o they_o claim_v auxi_fw-la also_o que_fw-fr that_o si_fw-la if_o ascun_fw-la any_o tenant_n tenant_n en_fw-fr in_o gavylekende_v gavelkind_n murt_n die_v male_n et_fw-fr seit_z and_o be_v a_o inherit_v inheritor_n de_fw-fr of_o terres_fw-la land_n e_fw-la de_fw-la and_o tenemenz_fw-fr tenement_n de_fw-fr in_o gavylekende_v gavelkind_n que_fw-fr touz_v ses_fw-fr fitz_fw-fr that_o all_o his_o son_n shall_v partent_n part_n cel_z that_o heritage_n inheritance_n per_fw-la by_o ovele_n equal_a porcioun_n portion_n et_fw-la and_o si_fw-la nul_fw-fr heir_n if_o there_o be_v no_o madle_n ne_o seit_z seit_z la_fw-fr party_n feit_z entre_fw-fr les_fw-fr female_n sicome_a hei●e_v male_a let_v the_o partition_n be_v make_v between_o the_o female_n even_o enter_n les_fw-fr freres_fw-mi as_o between_o brother_n et_fw-fr la_fw-fr mesuage_n seit_z autreci_fw-fr entre_fw-fr eux_fw-fr and_o let_v the_o message_n also_o be_v depart_v departi_fw-la mes_fw-fr le_fw-fr astre_n demorra_fw-mi all_o pune_fw-la between_o they_o but_o the_o astre_n astre_n shall_v remain_v to_o the_o young_a son_n ou_fw-fr or_o all_o punee_n daughter_n e_o la_o value_n seit_v de_fw-fr ceo_fw-la liure_v a_o chescun_fw-fr des_fw-fr and_o be_v the_o value_n thereof_o deliver_v to_o each_o of_o the_o parceners_n parcener_n the_o of_o cel_z that_o heritage_n heritage_n a._n from_o xl_o forty_o pes_fw-la de_fw-la cel_z astre_n si_fw-la foot_n from_o that_o astre_n if_o le_o the_o tenement_n tenement_n le_fw-fr will_n peut_fw-fr so_fw-mi suffrir_fw-fr suffer_v e_o and_o donkz_n than_o le_fw-fr eye_n frere_fw-fr eit_fw-mi let_v the_o elder_a brother_n have_v la_fw-fr primere_fw-la electioun_n e_fw-it les_fw-fr autres_fw-fr apres_fw-fr per_fw-la degree_n the_o first_o choice_n &_o the_o other_o afterward_o according_a to_o their_o degree_n ensement_n likewise_o the_o of_o meson_n house_n que_fw-la which_o serront_n shall_v be_v trovet_n find_v en_fw-fr in_o tieu_n such_o message_n message_n seient_a departye_n entre_fw-fr les_fw-fr heir_n per_fw-la ovele_n porcioun_n let_v they_o be_v depart_v amongst_o the_o heir_n by_o equal_a portion_n ceo_n est_fw-la that_o be_v asavoir_fw-fr per_fw-la pey_v sil_fw-fr est_fw-la misty_a saw_n le_fw-fr covert_n del_fw-it astre_n to_o weet_v copy_n by_o foot_n if_o need_v be_v save_v the_o covert_a of_o the_o astre_n que_fw-fr remeynt_a all_o pune_fw-la which_o shall_v remain_v to_o the_o young_a son_n ou_fw-fr all_o punee_n sicome_a il_fw-fr est_fw-fr avandist_n or_o daughter_n as_o be_v before_o say_v issi_fw-la que_fw-fr nequedont_fw-fr que_fw-fr le_fw-fr punc_fw-la face_v renable_a gre_fw-mi a_o ces_fw-fr so_fw-ge nevertheless_o that_o the_o young_a make_v reasonable_a amends_n to_o his_o parcener_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr party_n que_fw-fr a_fw-fr eux_fw-fr appent_n parcener_n for_o the_o part_n which_o to_o they_o belong_v per_fw-la agard_fw-fr de_fw-fr by_o the_o award_n of_o bone_n good_a gentz_n man_n parcener_n e_o des_fw-fr avaunditz_fw-fr tenemenz_fw-fr dont_fw-fr un_fw-fr soul_n suit_n and_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a tenement_n whereof_o one_o only_a suit_n tant_fw-fr soulement_n soleit_fw-mi estre_fw-fr feit_z avaut_n ne_o seit_z per_fw-la la_fw-fr resoun_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr be_v wont_a to_o be_v make_v before_o time_n be_v there_o not_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o partition_n party_n for_o we_o un_fw-fr soul_n suit_n faite_fw-fr sicome_a soleit_n avaunt_o but_o one_o sole_a suit_n make_v as_o it_o be_v before_o accustom_v
at_o the_o sea._n the_o college_n the_o value_n of_o the_o religious_a house_n in_o this_o shire_n the_o city_n when_o it_o begin_v the_o old_a school_n at_o canterbury_n the_o decay_n of_o canterbury_n and_o other_o place_n continual_a contention_n between_o the_o two_o great_a house_n in_o canterbury_n christeschurche_n in_o canterbury_n thomas_n becket_n the_o archbishop_n &_o his_o history_n saint_n augustine_n the_o dead_a in_o old_a time_n be_v bury_v out_o of_o the_o city_n popish_a brawl_n s._n maries_n in_o canterbury_n the_o saint_n and_o relic_n at_o canterbury_n s._n august_n thomas_n becket_n have_v two_o head_n s._n gregory_n in_o canterbury_n s._n laurence●_n hospital_n s_o james_n hospital_n s._n sepulcher_n white_a friar_n s._n mildred●_n the_o bishop_n palace_n s._n martin_n be_v a_o bishop_n see._n s._n sepulcher_n by_o canterbury_n the_o monk_n contend_v with_o the_o archbishop_n and_o do_v prevail_v the_o vanity_n of_o man_n and_o the_o subtlety_n of_o the_o devil_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o idolatry_n saint_n thomas_n becket_n relic_n the_o old_a manner_n of_o name_a man_n maude_n the_o empress_n true_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n bartholomew_n badelesmere_n thomas_n colpeper_n the_o priory_n at_o leeds_n by_o what_o mean_v the_o archebishops_n chair_n come_v to_o 〈…〉_o the_o deanery_n of_o shoreham_n a_o popish_a miracle_n monk_n contend_v for_o the_o election_n of_o the_o bishop_n sanint_a cuthberte_n feast_v why_o hold_v double_a bishops_z see_z be_v translate_v from_o village_n to_o city_n the_o catalogue_n of_o rochester_n bishop_n the_o harborowe_n of_o the_o navy_n royal_a the_o benefit_n that_o god_n have_v give_v this_o realm_n in_o the_o reign_n o●_n queen_n elizabeth_n a_o barbarous_a cruelty_n execute_v upon_o stranger_n excessive_a drink_v and_o how_o it_o come_v into_o england_n great_a troop_n of_o serve_a man_n come_v in_o with_o the_o norman_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o conquest_n of_o enlande_n harold_n the_o king._n the_o 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hengist_n &_o horsa_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o kentish_a kingdom_n orpenton_n &_o the_o course_n of_o cray_n water_n mesopotamia_n signify_v a_o country_n encompass_v with_o river_n rochester_n castle_n besiege_v prince_n may_v woo_v by_o picture_n and_o mary_n by_o proctor_n the_o abbay_n the_o old_a manner_n of_o tournament_n the_o occasion_n of_o jacke_n straw_n his_o rebellion_n the_o cour●●_n of_o the_o river_n of_o derent_fw-la the_o name_n of_o portreve_v whereof_o it_o come_v the_o name_n of_o sheriff_n london_n have_v a_o portreve_n the_o office_n of_o a_o reue._n a_o learned_a age_n in_o which_o priest_n have_v more_o latin_n they_o english_a and_o yet_o almost_o no_o latin_a at_o all_o the_o order_n of_o this_o description_n the_o manor_n the_o church_n of_o s._n hildeferthe_n the_o ancient_a form_n of_o a_o testament_n the_o ancient_a estate_n of_o a_o gentleman_n and_o by_o what_o mean_v gentle_a be_v obtain_v in_o the_o old_a time_n the_o degree_n of_o freemen_n 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he_o be_v page_n 22_o bridge_n of_o stone_n page_n